{"rows":[{"id":100,"title":"Epigenome-wide association study of psilocybin-induced methylome changes in alcohol use disorder.","normalized_title":"epigenome wide association study of psilocybin induced methylome changes in alcohol use disorder","authors":"Urban MM, Zillich L, Rieser NM, Herdener M, Spanagel R, Vollenweider FX, Preller KH, Meinhardt MW.","abstract":"The serotonergic hallucinogen psilocybin has shown potential as a treatment for psychiatric conditions like alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depression in clinical studies. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, are hypothesized to contribute to its lasting therapeutic benefits. In this exploratory study, we present the first methylome-wide analysis of psilocybin-induced changes in a cohort of detoxified patients with AUD. The longitudinal study design included three assessment days in 37 patients with blood sampling and acquisition of psychometrics - at baseline, 24 h after administration of psilocybin (25 mg) or placebo (mannitol), and one month after treatment. As the primary endpoints (duration of abstinence and mean alcohol use) in this trial were not reached, our investigation included secondary psychometrics that differed significantly between groups: Beck's Depression Inventory and Beck's Hopelessness Scale. The epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) identified one CpG site in TLE4 (p = 1.1e-7) associated with psilocybin treatment. Screening for differentially methylated regions, we observed altered methylation in the gene RASGRP4 (pFDR = 3.2e-4). Network analysis revealed co-methylation modules related to psilocybin treatment, as well as modules associated with the reduction of depressive symptoms and drinking behavior. Gene ontology analysis indicated involvement of these modules in neuroplasticity and immune functions, suggesting that they may reflect abstinence-related recovery processes. Investigating candidate genes at nominal significance (p","journal":null,"publication_date":"2026-05-25","publication_year":2026,"doi":"10.1038/s41398-026-03961-3","pubmed_id":"42192100","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-026-03961-3","keywords":"Humans, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens, Longitudinal Studies, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Psilocybin, Epigenome","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-06-30 22:38:07","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:00","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42192100\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Epigenetics,Observational Study,Genomics,Immune Function","study_type":"Observational Study","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":null},{"id":3033,"title":"Ketamine and Psilocybin Differentially Impact Sensory Learning During the Mismatch Negativity","normalized_title":"ketamine and psilocybin differentially impact sensory learning during the mismatch negativity","authors":"Allohverdi SG, Soltanzadeh M, Schmidt A, Charlton CE, Hauke DJ, Karvelis P, Vollenweider FX, Diaconescu AO.","abstract":"Ketamine and psilocybin show potential as therapies for various mental illnesses, including major depressive disorder. However, further investigation into their neural mechanisms is required to understand their effects on the brain. By combining computational modelling with electroencephalography (EEG), we examine the effects of ketamine and psilocybin on hierarchical sensory pwPE learning in the context of the auditory mismatch negativity, an event-related potential consistently shown to be reduced under psychotomimetic interventions. We employed a Bayesian framework and re-analyzed a previously acquired EEG dataset (Schmidt et al., 2012) by modelling single-trial EEG data using the Hierarchical Gaussian Filter. Using a placebo-controlled within-subject crossover design, healthy subjects were administered either S-ketamine or psilocybin during an auditory roving paradigm of pure sinusoidal tones. Our findings elucidate distinct neural impacts of ketamine and psilocybin on sensory learning: ketamine led to a larger reduction in the effect of sensory precision compared to placebo from 207 to 316 ms peaking at 277 ms in the frontal central channels, while psilocybin showed no significant effect. Both drugs reduced the expression of belief precision between 160 to 184 ms, peaking at 172 ms. For higher-level volatility pwPEs, ketamine reduced the expression at 312 ms while psilocybin had a null effect. For perception of elementary imagery, ketamine had a greater effect than psilocybin on sensory and volatility precision, while psilocybin had a greater effect on volatility pwPEs. Our findings suggest hallucinogens have distinct effects on sensory learning that could inform tailored therapies for major depression.","journal":"bioRxiv","publication_date":"2025-11-06","publication_year":2025,"doi":"10.1101/2025.11.06.687023","pubmed_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.06.687023","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"bioRxiv","date_added":"2026-07-01 11:03:46","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:00","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1116082\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"preprint","openalex_id":null},{"id":3071,"title":"Epigenome-wide Association Study of Psilocybin-Induced Methylome Changes in Alcohol Use Disorder","normalized_title":"epigenome wide association study of psilocybin induced methylome changes in alcohol use disorder","authors":"Urban MM, Zillich L, Rieser NM, Herdener M, Vollenweider FX, Spanagel R, Preller KH, Meinhardt MW.","abstract":"The serotonergic hallucinogen psilocybin has shown potential as a treatment for psychiatric conditions like alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depression in clinical studies. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, are hypothesized to contribute to its lasting therapeutic benefits. In this exploratory study, we present the first methylome-wide analysis of psilocybin-induced changes in a cohort of detoxified patients with AUD. The longitudinal study design included three assessment days in 40 patients with blood sampling and acquisition of psychometrics - at baseline, 24 hours after administration of psilocybin (25 mg) or placebo (mannitol), and one month after treatment. Our epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) identified one CpG site in TLE4 ( p = 1.1e-7) associated with psilocybin treatment. Screening for differentially methylated regions, we observed altered methylation in the gene RASGRP4 ( pFDR = 3.2e-4). Network analysis revealed co-methylation modules related to psilocybin treatment, as well as modules associated with the reduction of depressive symptoms and drinking behavior. Gene ontology analysis indicated involvement of these modules in neuroplasticity and immune functions, suggesting that they may reflect abstinence-related recovery processes. Investigating candidate genes at nominal significance ( p < 0.05) uncovered promoter-associated methylation changes in HTR2A and TNF. Furthermore, at p < 0.05, we found baseline differences between treatment responders (< 1 standard unit alcohol in 4-week follow-up) and non-responders in genes related to synaptic plasticity and different neurotransmitter systems. While these findings are limited by the modest sample size, they align well with previous literature and might provide starting points for further, large-scale investigations or hypothesis-driven experiments.","journal":"bioRxiv","publication_date":"2025-07-17","publication_year":2025,"doi":"10.1101/2025.07.18.664368","pubmed_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.18.664368","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"bioRxiv","date_added":"2026-07-01 11:03:46","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:00","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1052183\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Epigenetics,Observational Study,Genomics,Immune Function","study_type":"Observational Study","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"preprint","openalex_id":null},{"id":793,"title":"A Field-Wide Review and Analysis of Study Materials Used in Psilocybin Trials: Assessment of Two Decades of Research.","normalized_title":"a field wide review and analysis of study materials used in psilocybin trials assessment of two decades of research","authors":"Yaden DB, Graziosi M, Owen AM, Agin-Liebes G, Aaronson ST, Allen KE, Barrett FS, Bogenschutz MP, Carhart-Harris R, Ching THW, Cosimano MP, Danforth A, Davis AK, Garcia-Romeu A, Griffiths R, Grob CS, Gründer G, Gukasyan N, Heinzerling KG, Hendricks PS, Holze F, Horton DM, Johnson MW, Kelmendi B, Knatz Peck S, Koslowski M, Liechti ME, Mertens LJ, Moreno FA, Nayak SM, Nicholas CR, Preller KH, Rieser NM, Ross S, Sergi K, Sloshower J, Smigielski L, Stenbæk DS, Vollenweider FX, Weiss B, Wolff M, Yaden ME.","abstract":"IntroductionSerotonergic psychedelics, serotonin 2A receptor agonists such as psilocybin that can result in substantially altered states of consciousness, are used in recreational and research settings. The safety of psychedelic experiences in research settings is supported by controlled physical environments, presence of clinical and medical staff to address emergent issues, screening for personal and family history of potential contraindications, and psychoeducational preparation with psychological support. Research settings typically provide psychoeducation to participants verbally and in writing (e.g., informed consent), and such documents and conversations can provide safety-related information-but may also introduce a wide range of expectancies. Such expectancies might involve the specific character of the acute subjective effects of psychedelics, possible side effects, and anticipated outcomes.MethodsTo better understand the content of this psychoeducation, we gathered study materials from many psilocybin studies conducted in the past two decades in healthy and therapeutic populations. We conducted a reflexive thematic analysis to better understand these documents.ResultsWhile these documents varied substantially between studies, we identified themes intended to lower levels of risk and optimize therapeutic effects from psychedelic treatments. The most frequently coded themes related to (1) biological and physical safety, (2) psychological safety and well-being, (3) aspects of setting, and (4) potential for expectancies. Prioritizing biological and psychological safety was evident in the materials from all sites. Furthermore, we identify potential contributors to expectancy unrelated to safety and suggest that these extrapharmacological elements be studied systematically in future research.ConclusionsIdeally, future research should strive to maximize safety while attempting to minimize extraneous expectancies.","journal":null,"publication_date":"2025-02-26","publication_year":2025,"doi":"10.1089/psymed.2024.0019","pubmed_id":"40351554","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2024.0019","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:48:04","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:01","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40351554\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events,Contraindications","study_type":"Review Article","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":null},{"id":1163,"title":"Author Correction: Psilocybin enhances insightfulness in meditation: a perspective on the global topology of brain imaging during meditation.","normalized_title":"author correction psilocybin enhances insightfulness in meditation a perspective on the global topology of brain imaging during meditation","authors":"Singer B, Meling D, Hirsch-Hoffmann M, Michels L, Kometer M, Smigielski L, Dornbierer D, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX, Scheidegger M.","abstract":"","journal":null,"publication_date":"2024-04-22","publication_year":2024,"doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-59897-5","pubmed_id":"38654063","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-59897-5","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:48:05","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:04","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38654063\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Brain Imaging,Aging","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":null},{"id":1566,"title":"Corrigendum to 'Single-dose psilocybin-assisted therapy in major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial'.","normalized_title":"corrigendum to single dose psilocybin assisted therapy in major depressive disorder a placebo controlled double blind randomised clinical trial","authors":"von Rotz R, Schindowski EM, Jungwirth J, Schuldt A, Rieser NM, Zahoranszky K, Seifritz E, Nowak A, Nowak P, Jäncke L, Preller KH, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809.].","journal":null,"publication_date":"2023-01-29","publication_year":2023,"doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101841","pubmed_id":"36747965","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101841","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:48:05","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:05","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36747965\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Depression,Clinical Trial","study_type":"Clinical Trial","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":null},{"id":3327,"title":"Neural mechanisms of psychedelic visual imagery","normalized_title":"neural mechanisms of psychedelic visual imagery","authors":"Stoliker D, Preller KH, Novelli L, Anticevic A, Egan GF, Vollenweider FX, Razi A.","abstract":"Visual alterations under classic psychedelics can include rich phenomenological accounts of eyes-closed imagery. Preclinical evidence suggests agonism of the 5-HT2A receptor may reduce synaptic gain to produce psychedelic-induced imagery. However, this has not been investigated in humans. To infer the directed connectivity changes to visual sensory connectivity underlying psychedelic visual imagery in healthy adults, a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over study was performed, and dynamic causal modelling was applied to the resting state eyes-closed functional MRI scans of 24 subjects after administration of 0.2mg/kg of the serotonergic psychedelic drug, psilocybin (magic mushrooms), or placebo. The effective connectivity model included the early visual area, fusiform gyrus, intraparietal sulcus, and inferior frontal gyrus. We observed a pattern of increased self-inhibition of both early visual and higher visual-association regions under psilocybin that was consistent with preclinical findings. We also observed a pattern of reduced inhibition from visual-association regions to earlier visual areas that indicated top-down connectivity is enhanced during visual imagery. The results were associated with behavioural measures taken immediately after the scans, suggesting psilocybin-induced decreased sensitivity to neural inputs is associated with the perception of eyes-closed visual imagery. The findings inform our basic and clinical understanding of visual perception. They reveal neural mechanisms that, by affecting balance, may increase the impact of top-down feedback connectivity on perception, which could contribute to the visual imagery seen with eyes-closed during psychedelic experiences.","journal":"medRxiv","publication_date":"2022-09-08","publication_year":2022,"doi":"10.1101/2022.09.07.22279700","pubmed_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.07.22279700","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"medRxiv","date_added":"2026-07-01 11:03:50","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:04","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR541900\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study","study_type":"Animal Study","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"preprint","openalex_id":null},{"id":3178,"title":"Effective connectivity of emotion and cognition under psilocybin","normalized_title":"effective connectivity of emotion and cognition under psilocybin","authors":"Stoliker D, Novelli L, Vollenweider FX, Egan GF, Preller KH, Razi A.","abstract":"Classic psychedelics alter sense of self and patterns of self-related thought. These changes are hypothesised to underlie their therapeutic efficacy across internalising pathologies such as addiction and depression. Using resting-state functional MRI images from a randomised, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 24 healthy adults under 0.215mg/kg psilocybin, we investigated how psilocybin modulates the effective connectivity between resting state networks and the amygdala that are involved in the appraisal and regulation of emotion and association with clinical symptoms. The networks included the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and central executive network (CEN). Psilocybin decreased top-down effective connectivity from the resting state networks to the amygdala and decreased effective connectivity within the DMN and SN, while the within CEN effective connectivity increased. Effective connectivity changes were also associated with altered emotion and meaning under psilocybin. Our findings identify changes to cognitive-emotional connectivity associated with the subjective effects of psilocybin and the attenuation of the amygdala signal as a potential biomarker of psilocybin’s therapeutic efficacy.","journal":"medRxiv","publication_date":"2022-09-08","publication_year":2022,"doi":"10.1101/2022.09.06.22279626","pubmed_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.06.22279626","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"medRxiv","date_added":"2026-07-01 11:03:47","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:02","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR541956\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Depression,Addiction,Default Mode Network,Biomarkers,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial","study_type":"Clinical Trial","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"preprint","openalex_id":null},{"id":1883,"title":"Psilocybin Induces Aberrant Prediction Error Processing of Tactile Mismatch Responses-A Simultaneous EEG-FMRI Study.","normalized_title":"psilocybin induces aberrant prediction error processing of tactile mismatch responses a simultaneous eeg fmri study","authors":"Duerler P, Brem S, Fraga-González G, Neef T, Allen M, Zeidman P, Stämpfli P, Vollenweider FX, Preller KH.","abstract":"As source of sensory information, the body provides a sense of agency and self/non-self-discrimination. The integration of bodily states and sensory inputs with prior beliefs has been linked to the generation of bodily self-consciousness. The ability to detect surprising tactile stimuli is essential for the survival of an organism and for the formation of mental body representations. Despite the relevance for a variety of psychiatric disorders characterized by altered body and self-perception, the neurobiology of these processes is poorly understood. We therefore investigated the effect of psilocybin (Psi), known to induce alterations in self-experience, on tactile mismatch responses by combining pharmacological manipulations with simultaneous electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) recording. Psi reduced activity in response to tactile surprising stimuli in frontal regions, the visual cortex, and the cerebellum. Furthermore, Psi reduced tactile mismatch negativity EEG responses at frontal electrodes, associated with alterations of body- and self-experience. This study provides first evidence that Psi alters the integration of tactile sensory inputs through aberrant prediction error processing and highlights the importance of the 5-HT2A system in tactile deviancy processing as well as in the integration of bodily and self-related stimuli. These findings may have important implications for the treatment of psychiatric disorders characterized by aberrant bodily self-awareness.","journal":"Cerebral Cortex","publication_date":"2021-10-31","publication_year":2021,"doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhab202","pubmed_id":"34255821","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab202","keywords":"Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Electroencephalography, Body Image, Touch, Psilocybin","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:48:06","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:38","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34255821\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3180355975\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3180355975\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":64,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W22529605\",\"https://openalex.org/W1950864686\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969136236\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973927342\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975141160\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975764941\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977683420\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979612257\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985700362\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989324273\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990638244\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994193054\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994259251\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999445616\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016521818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018533701\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022333848\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023015865\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036716096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039448771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047427656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052685640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069261396\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080067400\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080654992\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090717981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104049715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116658855\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125206183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127958135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128018947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137234026\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139814609\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142009972\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153791616\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159542245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163254535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171627550\",\"https://openalex.org/W2180876467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340637843\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549760637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561419573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582692487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594912059\",\"https://openalex.org/W2601266996\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616187260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2617647752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737371627\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770390780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770636944\",\"https://openalex.org/W2782190599\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792548742\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800968568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897094888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899101675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911514809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2937078907\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950564037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990206996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008109336\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009555114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031858693\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092295352\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237584130\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242159292\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032942211\",\"display_name\":\"Patricia Duerler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-3234\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031335329\",\"display_name\":\"Silvia Brem\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-1305\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022882073\",\"display_name\":\"Gorka Fraga González\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-8607\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054188611\",\"display_name\":\"Tiffany Neef\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058730535\",\"display_name\":\"Micah Allen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-4179\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049183256\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Zeidman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-6619\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064966055\",\"display_name\":\"Philipp Stämpfli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1684-2416\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S117898428\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cerebral Cortex\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab202\",\"is_oa\":true}}}","topic_tags":"Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3180355975"},{"id":3287,"title":"Psilocybin exerts distinct effects on resting state networks associated with serotonin and dopamine in mice","normalized_title":"psilocybin exerts distinct effects on resting state networks associated with serotonin and dopamine in mice","authors":"Grandjean J, Buehlmann D, Buerge M, Sigrist H, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX, Pryce CR, Rudin M.","abstract":"Hallucinogenic agents have been proposed as potent antidepressants; this includes the serotonin (5-HT) receptor 2A agonist psilocybin. In human subjects, psilocybin alters functional connectivity (FC) within the default-mode network (DMN), a constellation of inter-connected regions that is involved in self-reference and displays altered FC in depressive disorders. In this study we investigated the effects of psilocybin on FC in the analogue of the DMN in mouse, with a view to establishing an experimental animal model to investigate underlying mechanisms. Psilocybin effects were investigated in lightly-anaesthetized mice using resting-state fMRI. Dual-regression analysis identified reduced FC within the ventral striatum in psilocybin-relative to vehicle-treated mice. Refinement of the analysis using spatial references derived from both gene expression maps and viral tracer projection fields revealed two distinct effects of psilocybin: it increased FC between 5-HT-associated networks and elements of the murine DMN, thalamus, and midbrain; it decreased FC within dopamine (DA)-associated striatal networks. These results suggest that interaction between 5-HT- and DA-regulated neural networks contributes to the neural and therefore psychological effects of psilocybin. Furthermore, they highlight how information on molecular expression patterns and structural connectivity can assist in the interpretation of pharmaco-fMRI findings.","journal":"bioRxiv","publication_date":"2019-08-31","publication_year":2019,"doi":"10.1101/751255","pubmed_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/751255","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"bioRxiv","date_added":"2026-07-01 11:03:49","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:03","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR90802\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Animal Study,Drug Interactions","study_type":"Animal Study","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"preprint","openalex_id":null},{"id":2406,"title":"Psilocybin modulates functional connectivity of the amygdala during emotional face discrimination.","normalized_title":"psilocybin modulates functional connectivity of the amygdala during emotional face discrimination","authors":"Grimm O, Kraehenmann R, Preller KH, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"Recent studies suggest that the antidepressant effects of the psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocybin are mediated through its modulatory properties on prefrontal and limbic brain regions including the amygdala. To further investigate the effects of psilocybin on emotion processing networks, we studied for the first-time psilocybin's acute effects on amygdala seed-to-voxel connectivity in an event-related face discrimination task in 18 healthy volunteers who received psilocybin and placebo in a double-blind balanced cross-over design. The amygdala has been implicated as a salience detector especially involved in the immediate response to emotional face content. We used beta-series amygdala seed-to-voxel connectivity during an emotional face discrimination task to elucidate the connectivity pattern of the amygdala over the entire brain. When we compared psilocybin to placebo, an increase in reaction time for all three categories of affective stimuli was found. Psilocybin decreased the connectivity between amygdala and the striatum during angry face discrimination. During happy face discrimination, the connectivity between the amygdala and the frontal pole was decreased. No effect was seen during discrimination of fearful faces. Thus, we show psilocybin's effect as a modulator of major connectivity hubs of the amygdala. Psilocybin decreases the connectivity between important nodes linked to emotion processing like the frontal pole or the striatum. Future studies are needed to clarify whether connectivity changes predict therapeutic effects in psychiatric patients.","journal":"European Neuropsychopharmacology","publication_date":"2018-04-24","publication_year":2018,"doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.03.016","pubmed_id":"29703645","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.03.016","keywords":"Amygdala, Neural Pathways, Humans, Hallucinogens, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Reaction Time, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Facial Recognition, Psilocybin, Discrimination, Psychological","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:40","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29703645\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":94,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"https://openalex.org/W1805858390\",\"https://openalex.org/W1961903064\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964970417\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972524714\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984163458\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997927507\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013825418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016068952\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017481703\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026088841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044413038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050596356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054454468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061170062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074886593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079092936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086146798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086604324\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091308025\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094758440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101790396\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109167188\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109661582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118969780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133194768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133318750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134305330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142455581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143428277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157217643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164383455\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165626582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2290816323\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2422363455\",\"https://openalex.org/W2481885040\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605407165\",\"https://openalex.org/W2607932615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970485787\",\"https://openalex.org/W4246613689\",\"https://openalex.org/W6601266828\",\"https://openalex.org/W6627905590\",\"https://openalex.org/W6654492999\",\"https://openalex.org/W6673819475\",\"https://openalex.org/W6837332038\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037306868\",\"display_name\":\"O. Grimm\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0767-0301\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086978778\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Kraehenmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-0726\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.03.016\",\"is_oa\":false}}}","topic_tags":"Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Healthy Volunteers","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2801092899"},{"id":2445,"title":"Serotonergic Hallucinogen-Induced Visual Perceptual Alterations.","normalized_title":"serotonergic hallucinogen induced visual perceptual alterations","authors":"Kometer M, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"Serotonergic hallucinogens, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), are famous for their capacity to temporally and profoundly alter an individual's visual experiences. These visual alterations show consistent attributes despite large inter- and intra-individual variances. Many reports document a common perception of colors as more saturated, with increased brightness and contrast in the environment (\"Visual Intensifications\"). Environmental objects might be altered in size (\"Visual illusions\") or take on a modified and special meaning for the subject (\"Altered self-reference\"). Subjects may perceive light flashes or geometrical figures containing recurrent patterns (\"Elementary imagery and hallucinations\") influenced by auditory stimuli (\"Audiovisual synesthesia\"), or they may envision images of people, animals, or landscapes (\"Complex imagery and hallucinations\") without any physical stimuli supporting their percepts. This wide assortment of visual phenomena suggests that one single neuropsychopharmacological mechanism is unlikely to explain such vast phenomenological diversity. Starting with mechanisms that act at the cellular level, the key role of 5-HT2A receptor activation and the subsequent increased cortical excitation will be considered. Next, it will be shown that area specific anatomical and dynamical features link increased excitation to the specific visual contents of hallucinations. The decrease of alpha oscillations by hallucinogens will then be introduced as a systemic mechanism for amplifying internal-driven excitation that overwhelms stimulus-induced excitations. Finally, the hallucinogen-induced parallel decrease of the N170 visual evoked potential and increased medial P1 potential will be discussed as key mechanisms for inducing a dysbalance between global integration and early visual gain that may explain several hallucinogen-induced visual experiences, including visual hallucinations, illusions, and intensifications.","journal":null,"publication_date":"2017-12-31","publication_year":2017,"doi":"10.1007/7854_2016_461","pubmed_id":"27900674","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_461","keywords":"Animals, Humans, Hallucinations, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Visual Perception","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:22:06","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27900674\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}","topic_tags":"Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":null},{"id":2444,"title":"Phenomenology, Structure, and Dynamic of Psychedelic States.","normalized_title":"phenomenology structure and dynamic of psychedelic states","authors":"Preller KH, Vollenweider FX","abstract":"Classic serotonergic hallucinogens or psychedelics produce an altered states of consciousness (ASC) that is characterized by profound alterations in sensory perception, mood, thought including the perception of reality, and the sense of self. Over the past years, there has been considerable progress in the search for invariant and common features of psychedelic states. In the first part of this review, we outline contemporary approaches to characterize the structure of ASCs by means of three primary etiology-independent dimensions including oceanic boundlessness, anxious ego-dissolution, and visionary restructuralization as well as by 11 lower-order factors, all of which can be reliably measured by the altered state of consciousness questionnaire (APZ-OAV). The second part sheds light on the dynamic nature of psychedelic experiences. Frequently, psychedelic subjects progress through different stages over time and levels of changes along a perception-hallucination continuum of increasing arousal and ego-dissolution. We then review in detail the acute effects of psychedelics on sensory perception, emotion, cognition, creativity, and time perception along with possible neural mechanisms underlying them. The next part of this review outlines the influence of non-pharmacological factors (predictors) on the acute psychedelic experience, such as demographics, genetics, personality, mood, and setting, and also discusses some long-term effects succeeding the acute experience. The last part presents some recent concepts and models attempting to understand different facets of psychedelic states of consciousness from a neuroscientific perspective.","journal":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","publication_date":"2017-12-31","publication_year":2017,"doi":"10.1007/7854_2016_459","pubmed_id":"28025814","source_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28025814/","keywords":"Altered states of consciousness, Hallucinogens, Human, Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Serotonin","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"PubMed","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-01 11:20:40","raw_json":"{\"pubmed_id\":\"28025814\"}","topic_tags":"Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Creativity,Review Article","study_type":"Review Article","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":null},{"id":2448,"title":"LSD Increases Primary Process Thinking via Serotonin 2A Receptor Activation.","normalized_title":"lsd increases primary process thinking via serotonin 2a receptor activation","authors":"Kraehenmann R, Pokorny D, Aicher H, Preller KH, Pokorny T, Bosch OG, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"Rationale: Stimulation of serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptors by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and related compounds such as psilocybin has previously been shown to increase primary process thinking - an ontologically and evolutionary early, implicit, associative, and automatic mode of thinking which is typically occurring during altered states of consciousness such as dreaming. However, it is still largely unknown whether LSD induces primary process thinking under placebo-controlled, standardized experimental conditions and whether these effects are related to subjective experience and 5-HT2A receptor activation. Therefore, this study aimed to test the hypotheses that LSD increases primary process thinking and that primary process thinking depends on 5-HT2A receptor activation and is related to subjective drug effects. Methods: Twenty-five healthy subjects performed an audio-recorded mental imagery task 7 h after drug administration during three drug conditions: placebo, LSD (100 mcg orally) and LSD together with the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist ketanserin (40 mg orally). The main outcome variable in this study was primary index (PI), a formal measure of primary process thinking in the imagery reports. State of consciousness was evaluated using the Altered State of Consciousness (5D-ASC) rating scale. Results: LSD, compared with placebo, significantly increased primary index (p < 0.001, Bonferroni-corrected). The LSD-induced increase in primary index was positively correlated with LSD-induced disembodiment (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected), and blissful state (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected) on the 5D-ASC. Both LSD-induced increases in primary index and changes in state of consciousness were fully blocked by ketanserin. Conclusion: LSD induces primary process thinking via activation of 5-HT2A receptors and in relation to disembodiment and blissful state. Primary process thinking appears to crucially organize inner experiences during both dreams and psychedelic states of consciousness.","journal":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","publication_date":"2017-11-07","publication_year":2017,"doi":"10.3389/fphar.2017.00814","pubmed_id":"29167644","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00814","keywords":"","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:40","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29167644\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2768082096\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2768082096\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":115,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W8783304\",\"https://openalex.org/W156478726\",\"https://openalex.org/W420655603\",\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"https://openalex.org/W1566681894\",\"https://openalex.org/W1904266856\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964824176\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965376401\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968799970\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971355925\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981228950\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982170313\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983821600\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997031788\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997813616\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998631480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003033624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003295373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006197045\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029173584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031989028\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068505441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077009958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087578842\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094500507\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095706928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110572072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121001250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144078056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149390160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154803261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155479778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170848267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2402482580\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411921050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2414362583\",\"https://openalex.org/W2507811178\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553251493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582692487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2603090185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604795661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608371625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2704181554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211248987\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242396821\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300670882\",\"https://openalex.org/W6651988695\",\"https://openalex.org/W6716078033\",\"https://openalex.org/W6736650285\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086978778\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Kraehenmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-0726\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108435810\",\"display_name\":\"Dan Pokorný\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030764396\",\"display_name\":\"Helena Aicher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-7086\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009222806\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Pokorny\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002125925\",\"display_name\":\"Oliver G. Bosch\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5807-0859\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00814\",\"is_oa\":true}}}","topic_tags":"Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2768082096"},{"id":2460,"title":"Effect of Psilocybin on Empathy and Moral Decision-Making.","normalized_title":"effect of psilocybin on empathy and moral decision making","authors":"Pokorny T, Preller KH, Kometer M, Dziobek I, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"BackgroundImpaired empathic abilities lead to severe negative social consequences and influence the development and treatment of several psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, empathy has been shown to play a crucial role in moral and prosocial behavior. Although the serotonin system has been implicated in modulating empathy and moral behavior, the relative contribution of the various serotonin receptor subtypes is still unknown.MethodsWe investigated the acute effect of psilocybin (0.215 mg/kg p.o.) in healthy human subjects on different facets of empathy and hypothetical moral decision-making using the multifaceted empathy test (n=32) and the moral dilemma task (n=24).ResultsPsilocybin significantly increased emotional, but not cognitive empathy compared with placebo, and the increase in implicit emotional empathy was significantly associated with psilocybin-induced changed meaning of percepts. In contrast, moral decision-making remained unaffected by psilocybin.ConclusionsThese findings provide first evidence that psilocybin has distinct effects on social cognition by enhancing emotional empathy but not moral behavior. Furthermore, together with previous findings, psilocybin appears to promote emotional empathy presumably via activation of serotonin 2A/1A receptors, suggesting that targeting serotonin 2A/1A receptors has implications for potential treatment of dysfunctional social cognition.","journal":"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology","publication_date":"2017-08-31","publication_year":2017,"doi":"10.1093/ijnp/pyx047","pubmed_id":"28637246","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyx047","keywords":"Humans, Hallucinogens, Analysis of Variance, Double-Blind Method, Empathy, Morals, Decision Making, Neuropsychological Tests, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Self Report, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:40","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28637246\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":201,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W85091029\",\"https://openalex.org/W590335313\",\"https://openalex.org/W1515050169\",\"https://openalex.org/W1597563915\",\"https://openalex.org/W1612167481\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971527018\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972895433\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980083892\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993694281\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998534408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000120390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001594024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001733916\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006103025\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015278509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016681203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024942419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025044089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027068992\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029612842\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040748514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055132787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062530052\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073612520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078650938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088779903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096694261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097415821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102963347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104493382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117908720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120618620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122307809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127572868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129900561\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130562555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140241886\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140357702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141584333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142827688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145095988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146210764\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147093380\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147800818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155757287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158303226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164227568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165032621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171489717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2263689053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2284048615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413573456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2417895908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122562872\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009222806\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Pokorny\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021802006\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Kometer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073232278\",\"display_name\":\"Isabel Dziobek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0150-5353\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S199972112\",\"source_display_name\":\"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyx047\",\"is_oa\":true}}}","topic_tags":"Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Healthy Volunteers","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2624901555"},{"id":2453,"title":"Two dose investigation of the 5-HT-agonist psilocybin on relative and global cerebral blood flow.","normalized_title":"two dose investigation of the 5 ht agonist psilocybin on relative and global cerebral blood flow","authors":"Lewis CR, Preller KH, Kraehenmann R, Michels L, Staempfli P, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"Psilocybin, the active compound in psychedelic mushrooms, is an agonist of various serotonin receptors. Seminal psilocybin positron emission tomography (PET) research suggested regional increases in glucose metabolism in frontal cortex (hyperfrontality). However, a recent arterial spin labeling (ASL) study suggests psilocybin may lead to hypo-perfusion in various brain regions. In this placebo-controlled, double-blind study we used pseudo-continuous ASL (pCASL) to measure perfusion changes, with and without adjustment for global brain perfusion, after two doses of oral psilocybin (low dose: 0.160 mg/kg; high dose: 0.215 mg/kg) in two groups of healthy controls (n = 29 in both groups, total N = 58) during rest. We controlled for sex and age and used family-wise error corrected p values in all neuroimaging analyses. Both dose groups reported profound subjective drug effects as measured by the Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale (5D-ASC) with the high dose inducing significantly larger effects in four out of the 11 scales. After adjusting for global brain perfusion, psilocybin increased relative perfusion in distinct right hemispheric frontal and temporal regions and bilaterally in the anterior insula and decreased perfusion in left hemispheric parietal and temporal cortices and left subcortical regions. Whereas, psilocybin significantly reduced absolute perfusion in frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes, and bilateral amygdalae, anterior cingulate, insula, striatal regions, and hippocampi. Our analyses demonstrate consistency with both the hyperfrontal hypothesis of psilocybin and the more recent study demonstrating decreased perfusion, depending on analysis method. Importantly, our data illustrate that relative changes in perfusion should be understood and interpreted in relation to absolute signal variations.","journal":"NeuroImage","publication_date":"2017-07-11","publication_year":2017,"doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.07.020","pubmed_id":"28711736","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.07.020","keywords":"Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Double-Blind Method, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:40","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28711736\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":105,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963625493\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966123432\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967578708\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976099054\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980268274\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989850665\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004172377\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007734075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017046927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023555736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027470220\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043768758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051509186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053268711\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067890459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071543858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073845233\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077466520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077654529\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078297889\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081844613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087200563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102963347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103583518\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105548827\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106072096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117575003\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123029280\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132627535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135447632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141403390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155757287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169787465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W6645562331\",\"https://openalex.org/W6667554796\",\"https://openalex.org/W6670263693\",\"https://openalex.org/W6673819475\",\"https://openalex.org/W6712001975\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035160894\",\"display_name\":\"Candace R. Lewis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086978778\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Kraehenmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-0726\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032736128\",\"display_name\":\"Lars Michels\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-1100\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113804175\",\"display_name\":\"Philipp Stäempfli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S103225281\",\"source_display_name\":\"NeuroImage\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.07.020\",\"is_oa\":false}}}","topic_tags":"Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2735984207"},{"id":2516,"title":"Effects of serotonin 2A/1A receptor stimulation on social exclusion processing.","normalized_title":"effects of serotonin 2a 1a receptor stimulation on social exclusion processing","authors":"Preller KH, Pokorny T, Hock A, Kraehenmann R, Stämpfli P, Seifritz E, Scheidegger M, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"Social ties are crucial for physical and mental health. However, psychiatric patients frequently encounter social rejection. Moreover, an increased reactivity to social exclusion influences the development, progression, and treatment of various psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, the neuromodulatory substrates of rejection experiences are largely unknown. The preferential serotonin (5-HT) 2A/1A receptor agonist, psilocybin (Psi), reduces the processing of negative stimuli, but whether 5-HT2A/1A receptor stimulation modulates the processing of negative social interactions remains unclear. Therefore, this double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced, cross-over study assessed the neural response to social exclusion after the acute administration of Psi (0.215 mg/kg) or placebo (Pla) in 21 healthy volunteers by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and resting-state magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Participants reported a reduced feeling of social exclusion after Psi vs. Pla administration, and the neural response to social exclusion was decreased in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the middle frontal gyrus, key regions for social pain processing. The reduced neural response in the dACC was significantly correlated with Psi-induced changes in self-processing and decreased aspartate (Asp) content. In conclusion, 5-HT2A/1A receptor stimulation with psilocybin seems to reduce social pain processing in association with changes in self-experience. These findings may be relevant to the normalization of negative social interaction processing in psychiatric disorders characterized by increased rejection sensitivity. The current results also emphasize the importance of 5-HT2A/1A receptor subtypes and the Asp system in the control of social functioning, and as prospective targets in the treatment of sociocognitive impairments in psychiatric illnesses.","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","publication_date":"2016-04-17","publication_year":2016,"doi":"10.1073/pnas.1524187113","pubmed_id":"27091970","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524187113","keywords":"Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Administration, Oral, Double-Blind Method, Social Isolation, Cognition, Placebo Effect, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin, Psychological Distance","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:40","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27091970\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":174,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1499681493\",\"https://openalex.org/W1522795330\",\"https://openalex.org/W1557128794\",\"https://openalex.org/W1562538899\",\"https://openalex.org/W1931841624\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968322702\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970161990\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976073163\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001594024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004697292\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009794136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010767001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012077435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030825382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030846840\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031255974\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032705776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034067099\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040140561\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041524892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042030103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046396841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048818633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051886358\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058014295\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058046532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059299642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071617207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075099417\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080092700\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080513954\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081808783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082179080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086899306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087608601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089306255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094806572\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096802921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098109055\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109195157\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110247921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110572089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110646298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112135274\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112415501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114477072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122307809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127416697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128663196\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131211368\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131334268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135447632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144535302\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151517911\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152231708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155696181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161119575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167295083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168128459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2217656301\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2326378348\",\"https://openalex.org/W2668816838\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211084653\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230486386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4245688421\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009222806\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Pokorny\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003585207\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Hock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7356-3654\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086978778\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Kraehenmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-0726\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064966055\",\"display_name\":\"Philipp Stämpfli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1684-2416\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050503083\",\"display_name\":\"Milan Scheidegger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-2208\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S125754415\",\"source_display_name\":\"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524187113\",\"is_oa\":false}}}","topic_tags":"Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Healthy Volunteers,Drug Interactions","study_type":"Clinical Trial","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2336591896"},{"id":2518,"title":"Modulatory effect of the 5-HT1A agonist buspirone and the mixed non-hallucinogenic 5-HT1A/2A agonist ergotamine on psilocybin-induced psychedelic experience.","normalized_title":"modulatory effect of the 5 ht1a agonist buspirone and the mixed non hallucinogenic 5 ht1a 2a agonist ergotamine on psilocybin induced psychedelic experience","authors":"Pokorny T, Preller KH, Kraehenmann R, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"The mixed serotonin (5-HT) 1A/2A/2B/2C/6/7 receptor agonist psilocybin dose-dependently induces an altered state of consciousness (ASC) that is characterized by changes in sensory perception, mood, thought, and the sense of self. The psychological effects of psilocybin are primarily mediated by 5-HT2A receptor activation. However, accumulating evidence suggests that 5-HT1A or an interaction between 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors may contribute to the overall effects of psilocybin. Therefore, we used a double-blind, counterbalanced, within-subject design to investigate the modulatory effects of the partial 5-HT1A agonist buspirone (20mg p.o.) and the non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A/1A agonist ergotamine (3mg p.o.) on psilocybin-induced (170 µg/kg p.o.) psychological effects in two groups (n=19, n=17) of healthy human subjects. Psychological effects were assessed using the Altered State of Consciousness (5D-ASC) rating scale. Buspirone significantly reduced the 5D-ASC main scale score for Visionary Restructuralization (VR) (p","journal":"European Neuropsychopharmacology","publication_date":"2016-01-21","publication_year":2016,"doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.01.005","pubmed_id":"26875114","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.01.005","keywords":"Humans, Consciousness Disorders, Ergotamine, Buspirone, Hallucinogens, Double-Blind Method, Female, Male, Young Adult, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Healthy Volunteers, Behavior Rating Scale, Psilocybin","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:40","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"26875114\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2284048615\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2284048615\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":148,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W22529605\",\"https://openalex.org/W147747432\",\"https://openalex.org/W563138297\",\"https://openalex.org/W1037524820\",\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"https://openalex.org/W1497084816\",\"https://openalex.org/W1588173517\",\"https://openalex.org/W1660450282\",\"https://openalex.org/W1895729847\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967630951\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977862375\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977876439\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979617003\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980348146\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994153884\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995045083\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001972521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005756201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007847135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012317729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014924332\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015278509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020080226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024942419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031255974\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037669146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038593489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042593075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047427656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048184801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054129965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054287670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054695075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058637803\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061086186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062883936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067481209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069466951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069704104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070144747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082394649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084420260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084476204\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086028272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086370837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104493382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107723089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110572089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124291611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128437336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129506769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134498737\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135447632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147688165\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155757287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156868152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161119575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245706386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553734262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W6627905590\",\"https://openalex.org/W6654136062\",\"https://openalex.org/W6678553313\",\"https://openalex.org/W6679244127\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009222806\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Pokorny\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086978778\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Kraehenmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-0726\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.01.005\",\"is_oa\":false}}}","topic_tags":"Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Healthy Volunteers,Drug Interactions","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2284048615"},{"id":2525,"title":"The mixed serotonin receptor agonist psilocybin reduces threat-induced modulation of amygdala connectivity.","normalized_title":"the mixed serotonin receptor agonist psilocybin reduces threat induced modulation of amygdala connectivity","authors":"Kraehenmann R, Schmidt A, Friston K, Preller KH, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"Stimulation of serotonergic neurotransmission by psilocybin has been shown to shift emotional biases away from negative towards positive stimuli. We have recently shown that reduced amygdala activity during threat processing might underlie psilocybin's effect on emotional processing. However, it is still not known whether psilocybin modulates bottom-up or top-down connectivity within the visual-limbic-prefrontal network underlying threat processing. We therefore analyzed our previous fMRI data using dynamic causal modeling and used Bayesian model selection to infer how psilocybin modulated effective connectivity within the visual-limbic-prefrontal network during threat processing. First, both placebo and psilocybin data were best explained by a model in which threat affect modulated bidirectional connections between the primary visual cortex, amygdala, and lateral prefrontal cortex. Second, psilocybin decreased the threat-induced modulation of top-down connectivity from the amygdala to primary visual cortex, speaking to a neural mechanism that might underlie putative shifts towards positive affect states after psilocybin administration. These findings may have important implications for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders.","journal":"NeuroImage Clinical","publication_date":"2015-08-21","publication_year":2015,"doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2015.08.009","pubmed_id":"26909323","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2015.08.009","keywords":"Amygdala, Prefrontal Cortex, Neural Pathways, Humans, Brain Mapping, Bayes Theorem, Fear, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:40","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"26909323\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":107,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W284042030\",\"https://openalex.org/W438966905\",\"https://openalex.org/W590335313\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964970417\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974105735\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976073163\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976863244\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004805863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016647678\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024685092\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038727657\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044264234\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047496901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054428623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058866161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072283174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083433785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086590817\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095986387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097958735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112300402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116649573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117663940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118969780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127229574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135173838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136619901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139037554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147351252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149798692\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155388413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285774466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913421382\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210652359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230920194\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232609309\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W6617660511\",\"https://openalex.org/W6950415317\",\"https://openalex.org/W6982170338\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086978778\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Kraehenmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-0726\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054234763\",\"display_name\":\"André Schmidt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6055-8397\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086852785\",\"display_name\":\"Karl Friston\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7984-8909\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898194095\",\"source_display_name\":\"NeuroImage Clinical\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2015.08.009\",\"is_oa\":true}}}","topic_tags":"Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing","study_type":"Other","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W1191653087"},{"id":2530,"title":"Psilocybin-Induced Decrease in Amygdala Reactivity Correlates with Enhanced Positive Mood in Healthy Volunteers.","normalized_title":"psilocybin induced decrease in amygdala reactivity correlates with enhanced positive mood in healthy volunteers","authors":"Kraehenmann R, Preller KH, Scheidegger M, Pokorny T, Bosch OG, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX.","abstract":"BackgroundThe amygdala is a key structure in serotonergic emotion-processing circuits. In healthy volunteers, acute administration of the serotonin 1A/2A/2C receptor agonist psilocybin reduces neural responses to negative stimuli and induces mood changes toward positive states. However, it is little-known whether psilocybin reduces amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli and whether any change in amygdala reactivity is related to mood change.MethodsThis study assessed the effects of acute administration of the hallucinogen psilocybin (.16 mg/kg) versus placebo on amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli in 25 healthy volunteers using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Mood changes were assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the state portion of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A double-blind, randomized, cross-over design was used with volunteers counterbalanced to receive psilocybin and placebo in two separate sessions at least 14 days apart.ResultsAmygdala reactivity to negative and neutral stimuli was lower after psilocybin administration than after placebo administration. The psilocybin-induced attenuation of right amygdala reactivity in response to negative stimuli was related to the psilocybin-induced increase in positive mood state.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that acute treatment with psilocybin decreased amygdala reactivity during emotion processing and that this was associated with an increase of positive mood in healthy volunteers. These findings may be relevant to the normalization of amygdala hyperactivity and negative mood states in patients with major depression.","journal":"Biological Psychiatry","publication_date":"2014-04-25","publication_year":2014,"doi":"10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010","pubmed_id":"24882567","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010","keywords":"Amygdala, Humans, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Affect, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin","substance_tags":"psilocybin","source_name":"Europe PMC","date_added":"2026-07-01 06:54:14","last_checked":"2026-07-04 07:00:41","raw_json":"{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"24882567\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":324,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1547500656\",\"https://openalex.org/W1552978522\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607171655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1919168435\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968806178\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968837585\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968912840\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969392677\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974077854\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976753688\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987599891\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998637554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000681816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015011531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016660677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018013323\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022272156\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023118385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030462630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030472555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038593489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040537810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044264234\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045411897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050472078\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054428623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058046532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060926272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062089925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062190490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062577826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066231855\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077188072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079346309\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082076406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082369948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087209021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088160189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091715004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095986387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096407697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097031641\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102343823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103880802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109661582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110290939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111464173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117590310\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117693696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118492070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118707925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121748618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130755626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136148200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136485397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136794022\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138538218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147351252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149721894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152817345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155690750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161085199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168778334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169615651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171055927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173531201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2274313778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285774466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2438505389\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913421382\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086978778\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Kraehenmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-0726\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050503083\",\"display_name\":\"Milan Scheidegger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-2208\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009222806\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Pokorny\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002125925\",\"display_name\":\"Oliver G. Bosch\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5807-0859\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010\",\"is_oa\":false}}}","topic_tags":"Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Healthy Volunteers","study_type":"Clinical Trial","hidden":0,"false_positive":0,"curation_notes":null,"merged_into_id":null,"curation_locked":0,"publication_status":"published","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2093203605"}],"total":51,"page":1,"per_page":20,"pages":3,"resource":"papers","filters":{"q":null,"author":"Vollenweider FX","substances":["psilocybin","psilocin"],"topic":null,"study_type":null,"cited_doi":null,"sources":[],"publication_statuses":[],"year":null,"journal":null,"from":null,"to":null,"sort":"newest","page":1,"per_page":"20"}}