{ "meta": { "tracker_site_url": "https://psilocybin-research.com", "publication_tracker_url": "https://psilocybin-research.com/", "generated_at_utc": "2026-07-09 18:48:21", "record_count": 802 }, "papers": [ { "id": 1922, "title": "Phase 1 trial suggests benefit of psilocybin in OCD treatment", "normalized_title": "phase 1 trial suggests benefit of psilocybin in ocd treatment", "authors": "", "abstract": "A Phase 1 trial comprising 15 patients has found that repeated high-dose administration of psilocybin was more effective than low-dose psilocybin or placebo in reducing symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Psilocybin was generally well-tolerated, with no reports of serious adverse events.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2026-07-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31474", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31474", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Crossref", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-05 01:20:21", "raw_json": "{\"doi\":\"10.1002/pu.31474\",\"reference_dois\":[],\"reference_count\":0,\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166436628\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166436628\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31474\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "OCD,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166436628" }, { "id": 5676, "title": "Psilocybin therapy for adult females with anorexia nervosa: pilot study.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for adult females with anorexia nervosa pilot study", "authors": "Douglass HM, Spriggs MJ, Godfrey K, Danby JL, de Magalhaes FJC, Macdonald L, Alderton KL, Archer S, Ahmad K, Martell J, Frias JT, Sawicka G, Read T, Blemings A, Lafrance A, Nicholls D, Erritzoe D, Park RJ, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "BackgroundAnorexia nervosa is a debilitating eating disorder with high mortality and chronicity rates owing to the paucity of effective existing treatments. Several clinical trials using psilocybin therapy have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy and safety in psychiatric conditions, including anorexia nervosa.AimsThis study aimed to further assess the safety, feasibility and potential efficacy of psilocybin therapy in anorexia nervosa.MethodThis single-blind, within-individual pilot study recruited 21 females with anorexia nervosa, who underwent three dosing sessions with oral psilocybin (COMP360) over 6 weeks in a fixed order (1 mg, 25 mg, 25 mg), alongside talk therapy and adjunctive to treatment as usual. Adverse events were monitored throughout the study. Primary clinical outcome measures were global Eating Disorder Examination Interview (EDE) and Readiness and Motivation Questionnaire (RMQ) precontemplation scores. Primary time points for the EDE were the 6-week final visit, 3-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up; and for the RMQ, they were the 6-week final visit and comparison between dosing days. Global EDE Questionnaire scores were a key secondary outcome. Key time points were the 6-week final visit and comparison between dosing days. There was a 12-month remote follow-up.ResultsPsilocybin was well tolerated by all participants. The most common adverse events were headache, nausea and dizziness. Two serious adverse events (suicide attempts) were reported for one participant within the 6-12-month period. Relative to baseline, participants displayed significant improvements in their eating disorder symptoms (EDE scores: p < 0.0001, d = 0.98, 6 months) and motivation to change (RMQ scores: p = 0.0017, d = 0.65, 12 months). However, there was a large variation in improvement and maintenance during the follow-up.ConclusionsThis study further provides preliminary support for the feasibility, safety and potential efficacy of this intervention to treat adult females with anorexia nervosa, and warrants further investigation in larger and more rigorously designed studies.", "journal": "The British Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-07-07", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1192/bjp.2026.10687", "pubmed_id": "42414058", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2026.10687", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-08 01:20:22", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:20:15", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42414058\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7167587921\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7167587921\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1539080424\",\"https://openalex.org/W1554763052\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994387760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001008250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001060580\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070836248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093980670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108143240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2564469912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2619816586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753989225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2777124046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883430979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901877120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998935314\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080226154\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083797211\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087074748\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153606049\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205506305\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221114092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387026668\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387674199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395110324\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031966441\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah Douglass\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-385X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140199765\",\"display_name\":\"Meg J. Spriggs\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121806282\",\"display_name\":\"K. Godfrey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046578118\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer L. Danby\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140220796\",\"display_name\":\"Frederico J. C. de Magalhaes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109728412\",\"display_name\":\"Lauren Macdonald\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008058826\",\"display_name\":\"Kirsty L. Alderton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140174385\",\"display_name\":\"Stephanie Archer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100595075\",\"display_name\":\"Kirran Ahmad\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140192900\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer T. Frias\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115003013\",\"display_name\":\"Gabriela Sawicka\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104065435\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Read\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048534479\",\"display_name\":\"Allan Blemings\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035542356\",\"display_name\":\"Adèle Lafrance\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-7786\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030053635\",\"display_name\":\"Dasha Nicholls\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7257-6605\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005010143\",\"display_name\":\"Rebecca J. Park\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-4409\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140218191\",\"display_name\":\"Robin L. Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S127936299\",\"source_display_name\":\"The British Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2026.10687\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7167587921" }, { "id": 3652, "title": "Phase I Study of the Safety and Adjunctive Effects of Psilocybin in Adults With Opioid Use Disorder Maintained on a Buprenorphine/Naloxone Formulation", "normalized_title": "phase i study of the safety and adjunctive effects of psilocybin in adults with opioid use disorder maintained on a buprenorphine naloxone formulation", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "Primary Aim: In participants with OUD, to characterize adverse events associated with adding two psilocybin doses to a stable buprenorphine-naloxone formulation. Secondary Aim: To evaluate the effect of psilocybin treatment on the effectiveness of a buprenorphine-naloxone maintenance therapy. Secondary Aim: To evaluate the effect of concurrent buprenorphine-naloxone use on the effects of psilocybin therapy. Descriptive Aim: To describe any changes in self-efficacy, quality of life, pain. The primary objective of this clinical trial is to determine the safety of psilocybin in adult patients with opioid use disorder concurrently taking buprenorphine-naloxone. Eligible participants will be adults with active opioid use disorder (OUD) who are willing to begin and maintain a daily dose of buprenorphine-naloxone throughout study participation. Initiation, stabilization, and maintenance of buprenorphine-naloxone will be overseen by a qualified study medical provider. After psychological screening and at least 6 hours of preparatory counseling and preparation for the psilocybin dosing, set, and setting, each participant will ingest 1 oral dose of psilocybin. All dosing sessions will be attended by 2 specially trained facilitators, in a dedicated Clinical Research Facility. After eight hours of observation in the dosing room, the participant will be kept overnight in the hospital Clinical Research Unit, and complete an integration session with a psychologist before discharge to home. Approximately 4 weeks after the first dose, the participant will receive a second oral dose of psilocybin, with the same length of observation. Participants who have been administered the first dose but decline to receive the second dose will remain evaluable. At study termination, their active study participation will end, but completion of the 28 day post-dose follow up will be requested. The primary endpoint is the assessment of the safety of concurrent administration of a buprenorphine-naloxone formulation and psilocybin as determined by physiological measures (ECG, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and blood oxygen saturation) and validated clinical and self-report measures (Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS), Opioid Craving Scale (OCS), Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)). If you are interested in participating in this study, please fill out a brief 1-minute survey at the link in the \"More Information\" section at the bottom of this record.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-07-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04161066", "keywords": "Opioid Use Disorder, Psilocybin with facilitated counseling, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:22:31", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04161066\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3587, "title": "Neurobehavioral Mechanisms of Psilocybin-assisted Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "neurobehavioral mechanisms of psilocybin assisted treatment for alcohol use disorder", "authors": "NYU Langone Health", "abstract": "This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 2 mechanistic clinical trial designed to evaluate the therapeutic neural mechanisms of psilocybin in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and to determine whether further studies are warranted to study the relationship of any such effects to clinical improvement in AUD symptoms. The primary aims are to evaluate the effects of psilocybin on AUD; measures will include 1) fMRI neural activation and functional connectivity, using a well-validated task to characterize neural and subjective response to negative affective and alcohol visual stimuli; 2) alcohol use data (self-report and blood biomarkers); and 3) self-report measures related the NE, IS, and EF domains.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-07-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06349083", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin, Inactive Placebo, Supportive therapy sessions, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:22:31", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06349083\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3495, "title": "A Multicenter Phase 1 Safety and Tolerability Trial of Psilocybin in Healthy Older Adults", "normalized_title": "a multicenter phase 1 safety and tolerability trial of psilocybin in healthy older adults", "authors": "University of Colorado, Denver", "abstract": "This study plans to learn more about the safety and tolerability of psychedelic administration (psilocybin) in healthy older adults ages 65-85. The purpose of this study is to learn whether psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, can be given safely to older adults. We want to understand how psilocybin affects the body and mind, including blood pressure, heart rhythm, and mood. We also want to see how the body processes psilocybin (how quickly it is absorbed and cleared) and whether it affects thinking, memory, or wellbeing. * Primary Objective: Evaluate the safety and tolerability of psychedelic administration in two cohorts of healthy older adults. * Cohort 1a Psilocybin Moderate Dose: 2 doses of oral psilocybin (10mg and then 25mg) 30 days apart. * Cohort 1b Psilocybin High Dose: 2 doses of oral psilocybin (15mg and then 30mg) 30 days apart. * Secondary Objectives: Evaluate the pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin for each Cohort of healthy older adults. * Exploratory Objectives: Evaluate patient-reported outcomes related to Psilocybin administration (e.g., psychedelic experience and well-being) in each Cohort. Assess the relationships between the pharmacokinetic profile, safety endpoints, and patient-reported outcomes in each Cohort.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-07-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07516405", "keywords": "Healthy Volunteer, Older Adults (65-85 Years), Psilocybin (Usona Institute), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:22:31", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07516405\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Aging,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Healthy Volunteers,Older Adults,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3976, "title": "Psilocybin as a Transdiagnostic Treatment for Eating Disorders and Comorbid Psychopathology: Implications for Clinical Nosology and Research Directions.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a transdiagnostic treatment for eating disorders and comorbid psychopathology implications for clinical nosology and research directions", "authors": "Koning E, Richard J, Keshen A.", "abstract": "ObjectiveEating disorders (EDs) are characterized by high rates of psychiatric comorbidity and suboptimal treatment outcomes. There remain critical gaps in research, including the exploration of effective transdiagnostic interventions. This forum article examines the potential of psilocybin treatment (PT) as a transdiagnostic intervention for EDs and common comorbidities, including the implications for alternative nosological frameworks, trial design, and clinical care.MethodA narrative review was conducted synthesizing clinical, mechanistic, and conceptual literature on PT for EDs and common psychiatric comorbidities. Searches of academic databases were supplemented by hand-searching and clinical trial registries. Thematic synthesis focused on transdiagnostic clinical evidence, mechanistic theories, and implications for the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), treatment development, and clinical trial design.ResultsPreliminary clinical evidence supports the feasibility, safety, and therapeutic effects of PT for EDs, with robust transdiagnostic effects observed across comorbid conditions. Proposed mechanisms (i.e., serotonergic receptor agonism, psychoplastogenic effects, neural network desynchronization) target shared vulnerabilities that map onto dimensional constructs in HiTOP (Emotional Dysfunction superspectrum, Internalizing spectrum) and RDoC (negative/positive valence, cognitive, and social process domains) nosologies. Future research should explore pragmatic trial designs and dimensional outcome measures to capture the real-world complexities of PT for EDs.DiscussionPT demonstrates transdiagnostic therapeutic potential for EDs, and the advancement of dimensional nosologies, complex intervention frameworks, and personalized treatment protocols may address existing gaps in research and clinical care.", "journal": "International Journal of Eating Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-07-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/eat.70164", "pubmed_id": "42393007", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.70164", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-04 01:20:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:20:16", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42393007\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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\":\"Elena Koning\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0288\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006203775\",\"display_name\":\"Jérémie Richard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9893-1353\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023552725\",\"display_name\":\"Aaron Keshen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0462-9749\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S74080386\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Eating Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.70164\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7167014213" }, { "id": 3811, "title": "Investigating the impact of serotonergic psychedelic drugs, MDMA and ketamine on social cognition in psychiatric disorders: A scoping review.", "normalized_title": "investigating the impact of serotonergic psychedelic drugs mdma and ketamine on social cognition in psychiatric disorders a scoping review", "authors": "Smith SA, Mohammad H, Lee LHN, Dennett L, Smith S, Burback L, Winkler O, Greenshaw A, Jetly R, Kennedy SH, Bhat V, Swainson J, Vermetten E, Cao B, Li XM, Zhang Y.", "abstract": "RationaleInterest in psychedelic drugs has increased rapidly because of their potential therapeutic role in psychiatric disorders. Impairments in the sociocognitive skills needed to build and maintain social relationships are prominent features of many psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that compounds such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and psilocybin may influence these impairments.ObjectivesThis review aimed to determine whether psychedelic drugs may modulate social cognition in individuals with psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders associated with cognitive impairment.MethodsA search of the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Scopus databases was conducted. Twenty studies were identified that evaluated the effects of ketamine, MDMA, psilocybin, LSD, and ayahuasca in depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).ResultsFindings included neural activation patterns suggesting that ketamine and psilocybin may modulate processes relevant to social perception, particularly facial emotion processing, in depressive disorders. Positive findings were also reported for MDMA in participants with PTSD, including improvements in self-reported psychosocial functioning, self-awareness, and self-compassion.ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggests that psychedelic drugs may modulate processes relevant to social cognition in psychiatric disorders, although direct evidence of improved social-cognitive functioning remains limited.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-026-07110-y", "pubmed_id": "42380668", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-026-07110-y", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 13:00:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:23", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42380668\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3547, "title": "A Phase 2, Open-Label Study Investigating the Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Sexual Assault-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 open label study investigating the safety and efficacy of psilocybin assisted therapy for sexual assault related posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd", "authors": "Sunstone Medical", "abstract": "A Phase 2, Open-Label Study to explore the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of psilocybin-assisted therapy in women with sexual assault-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06902974", "keywords": "Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD, Psilocybin 25 mg, Psilocybin-assisted therapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-07 01:23:04", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06902974\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 107, "title": "Implementing psilocybin-assisted therapy in palliative care settings: A survey of stakeholders.", "normalized_title": "implementing psilocybin assisted therapy in palliative care settings a survey of stakeholders", "authors": "Plourde L, Chang SL, Nguyen O, Garel N, Farzin H, Stephan JF, Fallu JS, Dorval M, P3A Research Group", "abstract": "While the adoption of psilocybin-assisted therapy for existential distress offers promising support for patients with life-threatening illnesses, implementing this intervention into palliative care settings presents significant real-world challenges. To examine palliative care stakeholders' knowledge and attitudes regarding psilocybin-assisted therapy, and identify barriers and facilitators to its implementation. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey between April 15 and December 18, 2024. The survey assessed perceived knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers and facilitators to the effective integration of psilocybin-assisted therapy into palliative care settings. One hundred and twenty-one adults involved in palliative care (physicians, other healthcare professionals, caregivers, and managers) were recruited from Canada's four most populous provinces: Québec, Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia. Forty-three percent of stakeholders reported having good knowledge of psilocybin's potential benefits and risks. Attitudes towards psilocybin-assisted therapy were predominantly non-favourable (61%), yet varied across occupational groups ( Translating the potential of psilocybin-assisted therapy for existential distress from clinical trials into palliative care settings requires careful consideration and collaboration with stakeholders. Given the significant divergence in perspectives between clinical and non-clinical groups, tailored interprofessional education could help build shared understanding and support effective implementation. Being conducted in Canada, transferability to different regulatory frameworks may be limited.", "journal": "Palliative medicine", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02692163261446141", "pubmed_id": "42154482", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42154482/", "keywords": "attitude of health personnel, hallucinogens, palliative care, psilocybin, surveys and questionnaires", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:05", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"42154482\"}", "topic_tags": "End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 17, "title": "Psychedelics, entactogens and psychoplastogens for depression and related disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics entactogens and psychoplastogens for depression and related disorders", "authors": "Hoyer D", "abstract": "Currently, the most actively investigated rapidly acting antidepressants, anxiolytics and/or anti PTSD agents, include psychedelics e.g. psilocybin, LSD, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, ayahuasca; non-hallucinogenic entactogens, e.g. MDMA; psychoplastogens which rapidly promote neuroplasticity, e.g. ibogaine, ketamine and esketamine; and other atypicals e.g. dextromorphan/bupropion, esmethadone. Late-stage clinical trials support psychedelics and/or MDMA-assisted psychotherapy as rapidly acting treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD), treatment-resistant depression (TRD), PTSD or generalised anxiety disorders (GAD). Psilocybin, MDMA and LSD were granted FDA breakthrough status for TRD/MDD, PTSD and GAD, respectively, although FDA recently rejected the new drug application of MDMA in PTSD. Most of these drugs target the 5-HT and monoamine systems. Classical psychedelics act as 5-HT receptor agonists, although LSD, DMT and psilocybin target other 5-HT and/or dopamine receptors. Psychedelic-dependent 5-HT receptor agonism also has profound anti-(neuro)inflammatory effects. Advanced imaging studies suggest that brain 5-HT levels are reduced in depression. Functional magnetic resonance studies show that neural networks (cortico thalamic, salience, default mode) are profoundly impaired in depression. Such network defects are corrected upon psychedelic/entactogen treatment, offering a unique opportunity to serve as biomarkers for depression, anxiety and PTSD precision medicine trials. Psychedelics and entactogens target common end pathways, namely neuroplasticity/synaptogenesis, either directly via monoamine or glutamate receptors and/or indirectly, via BDNF and mTORC1 pathways. Together, these findings strongly support a biological basis for MDD, GAD, PTSD and related conditions, which can be considered as mixed biochemical, neurological and neuroimmune disorders, and are profoundly modified by psychedelics, entactogens and the newly developed psychoplastogens. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities for Psychedelic and Related Drugs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v183.14/issuetoc.", "journal": "British journal of pharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/bph.70088", "pubmed_id": "40518133", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40518133/", "keywords": "5-HT (serotonin), Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Empathogens, Entactogens, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine), Post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), Psychedelics, Psychoplastogens, Treatment resistant depression (TRD)", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:06", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40518133\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 14, "title": "Psychedelics as pharmacotherapeutics for substance use disorders: A scoping review on clinical trials and perspectives on underlying neurobiology.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics as pharmacotherapeutics for substance use disorders a scoping review on clinical trials and perspectives on underlying neurobiology", "authors": "Wittenkeller L, Gudelsky G, Winhusen TJ, Amato D", "abstract": "Psychedelics have garnered great attention in recent years as treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression because of their ability to alter consciousness and afflicted cognitive processes with lasting effects. We aimed to characterise how psychedelics are currently being investigated to treat substance use disorders (SUDs). Additionally, we aimed to summarise the available literature on the dopaminergic consequences of classic psychedelics in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a foundational component of SUDs, to understand how psychedelics may be therapeutically relevant for SUDs from a neurobiological perspective. Two scoping review approaches adhering to PRISMA-SCR guidelines were conducted. The first screened for ongoing clinical trials utilising psychedelics for SUD treatment registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. The second screened for in vivo microdialysis studies measuring psychedelic-induced changes in extracellular NAc dopamine in rats, found using PubMed, SCOPUS or Google Scholar. Thirty-four unique clinical trials were identified targeting alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine, and opioid use disorders and mostly consisting of open-label trials lacking placebo-treated controls. The most common SUD investigated was alcohol use disorder (AUD). Following stringent exclusion criteria, four publications were identified that measured extracellular dopamine in the NAc following systemic administration of psilocybin or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). A sustained mild increase of dopamine was observed that was unique to high-dose psilocybin. In addition to known therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelics, findings herein suggest that psilocybin may support dopamine homeostasis through restoration of tonic dopamine levels. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities for Psychedelic and Related Drugs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v183.14/issuetoc.", "journal": "British journal of pharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/bph.70181", "pubmed_id": "40891276", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40891276/", "keywords": "MDMA, addiction, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic-assisted therapy, substance use disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:06", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40891276\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 303, "title": "Study Protocol for \"Exploring the safety and therapeutic potential of psilocybin in the treatment of anorexia nervosa in adolescents and young adults\".", "normalized_title": "study protocol for exploring the safety and therapeutic potential of psilocybin in the treatment of anorexia nervosa in adolescents and young adults", "authors": "Sjöström D, Schau Rybäck O, Claesdotter Knutsson E, Kajonius P, Jensen Sondén O, Carlbring P, Björkstrand J, Movahed Rad P.", "abstract": "BackgroundAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with high morbidity, mortality, and relapse rates, most commonly emerging during adolescence. Despite specialized psychological and nutritional treatments, outcomes remain suboptimal, with high rates of relapse and chronicity. Psilocybin has been investigated with preliminary efficacy in other psychiatric conditions characterized by rigidity and treatment resistance, but clinical evidence in AN-particularly in adolescents-is limited.ObjectiveThe psiAN study aims to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and feasibility of psilocybin therapy combined with psychological support in adolescents and young adults with relapsing AN, while exploring clinical, experiential, and neurobiological correlates of change.MethodsA phase IIa, open-label, randomized controlled trial enrolling individuals aged 16-35 years with DSM-5 AN and a history of relapse. Participants are randomized to receive either two administrations of psilocybin (25 mg) with manualized psychological support plus treatment as usual (TAU), or TAU alone. Primary outcomes focus on safety and tolerability, assessed through adverse events, psychiatric monitoring, and medical parameters measured from first dosing to primary endpoint. Secondary outcomes include change in eating disorder symptom severity, relapse composite measures, mood, well-being, personality traits from baseline to primary endpoint with follow-up to 12 months. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor are included as exploratory mechanistic measures. fMRI will evaluate pre- to post-intervention changes in structural and functional connectivity and task-related responses during a simplified Monetary Incentive Delay task (MIDT) and a Calorie-Cue Task (CCT). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT07169747.Ethics and disseminationThe study follows Good Clinical Practice (GCP), the Declaration of Helsinki, and EU Clinical Trials Regulation requirements, with staged inclusion of adolescents (16-17-year-olds) after a safety board review of adult data (18-35-year-olds). This protocol was prepared with reference to the SPIRIT 2025 guidelines (Chan et al., 2025) to enhance transparency and inform future trials.", "journal": "PLoS ONE", "publication_date": "2026-06-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0352246", "pubmed_id": "42378255", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0352246", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Anorexia Nervosa, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Young Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-07 01:20:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42378255\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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K. Sjöström\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0004-1892\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073798116\",\"display_name\":\"Olea Schau Rybäck\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111008178\",\"display_name\":\"Emma Claesdotter Knutsson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135752675\",\"display_name\":\"Petri Kajonius\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139709727\",\"display_name\":\"Oskar Jensen Sondén\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082635131\",\"display_name\":\"Per Carlbring\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-8813\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017431485\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes Björkstrand\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1786-1064\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018302853\",\"display_name\":\"Pouya Movahed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-3550\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S202381698\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS ONE\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0352246\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Brain Imaging,Aging,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Adolescents,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166779507" }, { "id": 3979, "title": "Naturally Derived Psilocybin for Therapeutic Use: A Six-Criterion Framework for Evidence, Safety, and Benefit-Risk Considerations in Policy and Clinical Development", "normalized_title": "naturally derived psilocybin for therapeutic use a six criterion framework for evidence safety and benefit risk considerations in policy and clinical development", "authors": "Stefanie Enriquez Geppert, Lisa Bevers, Arvid Rosander, Peter Fodran, Vince Polito", "abstract": "", "journal": "University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)", "publication_date": "2026-06-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/370a82bd-d8db-4a02-b644-bf0c9131680b", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Drug development, Psychology, Medicine, Psychotherapist, MEDLINE, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Intensive care medicine, Perspective (graphical), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 01:20:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-06 01:20:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7167168218\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7167168218\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139873851\",\"display_name\":\"Stefanie Enriquez Geppert\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139893961\",\"display_name\":\"Lisa Bevers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139856970\",\"display_name\":\"Arvid Rosander\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079289829\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Fodran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0348-8331\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045686739\",\"display_name\":\"Vince Polito\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-9074\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400420\",\"source_display_name\":\"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/370a82bd-d8db-4a02-b644-bf0c9131680b\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7167168218" }, { "id": 3494, "title": "5-HT2A Agonist Psilocybin in the Treatment of Tobacco Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "5 ht2a agonist psilocybin in the treatment of tobacco use disorder", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This is a multi-site, double-blind, randomized clinical trial of the 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocybin for smoking cessation. Four sites with experience in conducting psilocybin research will be involved in this trial: Johns Hopkins University (JHU), the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), and New York University (NYU). The proposed study will treat 66 participants (22 at each site), randomized to receive either: 1) oral psilocybin (30 mg in session 1 and either 30 mg or 40 mg in session 2); or 2) oral niacin (150 mg in session 1 and either 150 mg or 200 mg in session 2), with sessions 1 week apart. This is a multi-site, double-blind, randomized clinical trial of the 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocybin for smoking cessation. The investigators previously conducted an open-label pilot trial (N = 15) of psilocybin paired with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Data showed a biologically-verified 7-day point-prevalence abstinence rate of 67% at 12 months and 60% at 2.5 years (continuous abstinence rates: 53% and 47%, respectively). The investigators are now conducting an open-label randomized comparative efficacy trial of psilocybin vs. nicotine patch, both in combination with CBT. Interim results (N = 44; 22 per group) show greater biologically-verified abstinence rates at 12 months for psilocybin: 7-day point-prevalence: 59% vs. 27%; continuous abstinence: 36% vs. 9%. Despite these promising findings, the investigators have yet to conduct a double-blind study of psilocybin for smoking cessation. Furthermore, previous psilocybin study samples have been largely White with higher socioeconomic status (SES). The current trial will address these issues across four sites with experience in conducting psilocybin research: Johns Hopkins, the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), and New York University (NYU). A diverse sample with regard to ethno-racial identity and SES will be recruited at each site. The proposed double-blind study will treat 66 participants (22 at each site), randomized to receive either: 1) psilocybin; 30 mg in session 1 and either 30 or 40 mg in session 2, with sessions 1 week apart; or 2) niacin; 150 mg in session 1 and either 150 mg or 200 mg in session 2, with sessions 1 week apart. Niacin was selected because it has been used as an active placebo in two previous randomized therapeutic trials of psilocybin, and the FDA has informed the investigators that niacin is the FDA's preferred active placebo for psilocybin. CBT will be administered to both groups and will allow the investigators to test psilocybin's efficacy above and beyond an established treatment approach. Biochemically-confirmed 7-day point-prevalence abstinence will be assessed throughout for up to 12 months. The investigators hypothesize that psilocybin (compared to niacin) will cause increased biologically-confirmed 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at 12-month follow-up. Based on pilot data, the investigators will test cognitive/psychological mediators of treatment response. The investigators hypothesize that psilocybin will be associated with improved cognitive control and decreased anticipation of withdrawal relief (from smoking) 1 day after the target quit date, which will be associated with greater 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at 12- month follow-up. This trial will provide a rigorous test of efficacy in a diverse study sample, and test relevant mechanisms, for an innovative smoking cessation treatment showing potential for substantial efficacy.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05452772", "keywords": "Tobacco Use Disorder, Psilocybin, Active Experimental Group, Niacin, Active Comparator Group, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-05 01:22:40", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05452772\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 29, "title": "Novel approaches in depression treatment: from rapid-acting antidepressants to personalized interventions.", "normalized_title": "novel approaches in depression treatment from rapid acting antidepressants to personalized interventions", "authors": "Guidetti C, Fava M, Papakostas GI.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are prevalent and debilitating conditions. Over 50% of patients have inadequate response to first-line serotonergic antidepressants and are left with suboptimal treatment options. Rapid-acting and individually tailored treatments for MDD remain major unmet needs. This review discusses promising rapid-acting treatments, including psychedelic and neuroplastogen compounds, currently under investigation for the treatment of MDD and TRD. Among these, psilocybin has advanced to late-stage trials. In addition, we examine the emerging role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), including novel personalized interventions, such as the Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT) protocol, which has demonstrated rapid antidepressant effects and is now FDA-cleared for TRD, positioning it closest to clinical translation. We also highlight the ongoing ALTO-300 trial, which is evaluating an adjunctive treatment for MDD in patients identified by an EEG biomarker-representing another promising step toward personalized treatment. Finally, we review the results of a Phase 2 study reporting outcomes that vary by a specific genotype sequence, underscoring the potential for genetically guided personalized interventions. Despite these advances, key limitations, including unblinding in psychedelic trials, scalability challenges of intensive neuromodulation protocols, and the need for validated biomarkers, pose ongoing challenges for real-world implementation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-06-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-026-03722-0", "pubmed_id": "42350785", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-026-03722-0", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-02 23:03:30", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42350785\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3650, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and Relational (PEARL) Therapy for Caregivers of Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Phase II Open-Label Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted existential attachment and relational pearl therapy for caregivers of patients with advanced cancer a phase ii open label trial", "authors": "University Health Network, Toronto", "abstract": "The PEARL-C1 trial is a phase II open-label trial. Participants will receive a single high-dose (25 mg) of psilocybin in the context of Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and RelationaL (PEARL) therapy. Caregivers of patients with advanced cancer often experience high levels of distress but there is currently little evidence-based guidance on how to help caregivers who experience depression, anxiety, anticipatory grief, spiritual suffering, caregiving burden and/or impaired quality of life. Over the past decade, research has shown that psychotherapies incorporating existential, attachment and relational approaches can address the specific needs and challenges of the advanced cancer population and thus help to reduce related distress. Simultaneously, recent research has shown that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, in which an individual ingests the psychoactive drug within a carefully monitored therapy, can reduce end-of-life distress and greatly benefit those with advanced disease. The multidisciplinary team has combined these two evidence-based approaches into Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and RelationaL (PEARL) therapy. PEARL therapy combines elements from psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, including preparatory therapy sessions, a high-dose drug session, and integration sessions, with important elements from manualized individual psychotherapies designed for patients and their families facing advanced cancer. This study will assess the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of PEARL therapy among caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. This study will contribute to the growing research around the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapies for the psychological distress associated with advanced disease and mortality. This type of therapy has the potential to improve quality of life among caregivers of those with advanced disease, to build upon previous findings to help outline the necessary components of therapy, and to inform public policy and clinical guidelines.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07048743", "keywords": "Caregiver Distress, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07048743\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3637, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Prolonged Grief", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for prolonged grief", "authors": "University of Virginia", "abstract": "The primary purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of conducting a clinical trial on the effects of psilocybin for individuals with prolonged grief disorder (PGD). The study aims to investigate whether a single dose of 25 mg psilocybin can reduce the symptoms of grief and trauma associated with Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). It is hypothesized that psilocybin will significantly reduce the symptoms of PGD, and that the treatment will facilitate subjective mystical, spiritual, or insightful experiences, which in turn may contribute to the alleviation of grief and trauma symptoms. Neuroimaging will be used to help researchers better understand the relationship between grief and brain functions, comparing pre- and post-dose scans. Participants will undergo two MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) where they are asked to look at images (this is called a functional MRI or fMRI).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06724289", "keywords": "Prolonged Grief Disorder, Psilocybin 25 mg, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06724289\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Aging,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3574, "title": "Low-Dose Psilocybin Therapy for Palliative Care Patients With Chronic Cancer Pain Requiring Opioids", "normalized_title": "low dose psilocybin therapy for palliative care patients with chronic cancer pain requiring opioids", "authors": "Roswell Park Cancer Institute", "abstract": "This phase II trial studies whether psilocybin with psychotherapy is safe and if it works for improving chronic pain in cancer patients who require opioids to manage their pain. Psilocybin is taken from the mushroom Psilocybe mexicana. Psilocybin acts on the brain to cause hallucinations (sights, sounds, smells, tastes, or touches that a person believes to be real but are not real). This may impact a patient's \"total pain\", a view that accounts for the psychological, spiritual, and social factors that contribute to their experience of pain. Psychotherapy uses methods such as discussion, listening, and counseling to help patients change the way they react to environmental triggers that may cause a negative reaction. Giving psilocybin with psychotherapy may be safe and helpful for improving chronic pain in cancer patients who require opioids to manage their pain. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and feasibility of low dose psilocybin therapy in patients with chronic cancer pain who require opioids. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: I. To obtain preliminary evidence for efficacy of low dose psilocybin therapy in reducing pain and opioid requirement in participants with chronic cancer pain. EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES: I. To evaluate potential mechanisms of action for psilocybin in pain control, including its effects on resting brain network activity, inflammation, and psychological changes processes. II. To obtain preliminary evidence for efficacy of psilocybin therapy on additional outcomes related to pain control, physical function, and opioid requirement in participants with chronic cancer pain. III. To obtain preliminary evidence for efficacy of low dose psilocybin therapy in alleviating psychological symptoms associated with chronic cancer pain. IV. To evaluate potential mechanisms of action for low dose psilocybin therapy in pain control, including its effects on the following: resting brain network activity, inflammation, psychological processes and psychedelic effects. OUTLINE: Patients attend two preparatory psychotherapy sessions. Patients then receive psilocybin orally (PO) twice a week (BIW) for 4 weeks (8 doses total) in the absence of unacceptable toxicity and attend three integration psychotherapy sessions over 1.5 hours each during psilocybin dosing sessions 2, 4, and 6. Patients may optionally attend additional psychotherapy sessions as needed during follow-up. Additionally, patients undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and collection of blood and urine samples throughout the study. After completion of study intervention, patients are followed up at days 28-34, 56, and 84.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06827054", "keywords": "Hematopoietic and Lymphatic System Neoplasm, Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Biospecimen Collection, Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Specimen Collection, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, fMRI, Functional MRI, Interview, Psilocybine, CY-39, Indocybin, Psilocybin, Psychotherapy, talk therapy, Questionnaire Administration, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06827054\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3460, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and RelationaL (PEARL) Therapy for Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Phase II Open-Label Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted existential attachment and relational pearl therapy for patients with advanced cancer a phase ii open label trial", "authors": "University Health Network, Toronto", "abstract": "The PEARL Pilot is a phase II open-label trial. Participants will receive a single high-dose (25 mg) of psilocybin in the context of Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and RelationaL (PEARL) therapy. Individuals with advanced cancer often experience high levels of distress due to physical suffering, difficult treatment decisions, social isolation, and fear of death. While there are many treatment options for the management of physical symptoms associated with cancer, there are relatively few standard treatment approaches to help patients deal with psychological and existential suffering. Over the past decade, research has shown that psychotherapies incorporating existential, attachment and relational approaches can address the specific needs and challenges of the advanced cancer population and thus help to reduce distress. Simultaneously, recent research has shown that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, in which, an individual ingests the psychoactive drug within the carefully monitored therapeutic setting, can reduce end-of-life distress and greatly benefit those with advanced disease. The multidisciplinary team has combined these two evidence-based approaches into what the team calls Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and RelationaL (PEARL) therapy. PEARL therapy combines elements from psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, including preparatory therapy sessions, a high-dose drug session, and integration sessions, with important elements from manualized individual psychotherapies designed for patients with advanced cancer. This study will assess the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of PEARL therapy among patients with advanced cancer. This study will yield important information about the feasibility of this type of therapy and contribute to the growing research around the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapies. This type of therapy has the potential to improve quality of life among those with advanced disease and careful research is needed to build upon previous findings to outline the necessary components of therapy and guide public policy, legislation, and clinical guidelines.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06416085", "keywords": "Advanced Cancer, Stage IV Solid Tumor Cancer, Stage IV Sarcoma of Bone, Stage IV Lymphoma, Stage IV Melanoma, Endocrine Cancer, Psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06416085\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3024, "title": "Sex-Specific Effects of Psilocybin Versus Escitalopram on Anxiety and Anhedonia: A Bayesian Reanalysis of Antidepressant Treatment Outcomes", "normalized_title": "sex specific effects of psilocybin versus escitalopram on anxiety and anhedonia a bayesian reanalysis of antidepressant treatment outcomes", "authors": "Frick A, Blest-Hopley G, Grin M, Erritzoe D, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Abstract Rationale: Major depressive disorder (MDD) shows marked sex differences in prevalence, symptomatology, and treatment response. However, women remain underrepresented in many clinical trials, and sex-specific treatment outcomes are rarely examined. Objectives This study reanalyzed data from a randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin and escitalopram for MDD to evaluate sex differences across multiple psychological domains. Methods We reanalyzed data from a six-week, double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin with escitalopram in adults with moderate-to-severe MDD. Post-treatment depressive symptoms (MADRS, QIDS-SR-16, BDI), anhedonia (SHAPS), anxiety (STAI), thought suppression (WBSI), and well-being (WEMWBS) were modeled as a function of sex, treatment condition, their interaction, and baseline symptom severity. Sexual dysfunction severity (PRSexDQ-SALSEX), assessed only at the six-week follow-up, was analyzed separately as an ordinal outcome. Results Sex-related patterns emerged for anxiety and anhedonia. Women receiving psilocybin showed greater reductions in anxiety than men (STAI: 95% CrI − 17.5 to − 3.29), whereas women receiving escitalopram showed greater reductions in anhedonia than men (SHAPS: 95% CrI − 4.63 to 0.00). For the remaining continuous outcomes, sex differences were generally small and uncertain. Sexual dysfunction severity was lower overall in the psilocybin group than in the escitalopram group and lower in women than in men, although the treatment-by-sex interaction was not significant. Conclusions This reanalysis identified domain-specific sex-related patterns in anxiety and anhedonia, suggesting that responses to psilocybin and escitalopram may differ between women and men. These preliminary findings support adequately powered, sex-balanced, and hormone-informed trials of serotonergic treatments for MDD.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-06-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9880403/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9880403/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1255612\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1923, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy in treatment-resistant depression: rapid remission, uncertain durability, and the next phase of clinical evidence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy in treatment resistant depression rapid remission uncertain durability and the next phase of clinical evidence", "authors": "Astrit Sabani, Adnan Khatak", "abstract": "Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major clinical challenge and is typically defined as the persistence of depressive symptoms despite at least two adequate antidepressant trials. Individuals with TRD experience substantial morbidity, impaired functioning, and elevated suicide risk, highlighting the need for therapeutic strategies beyond incremental refinements of conventional monoaminergic pharmacotherapy. Psilocybin-assisted therapy has recently emerged as a mechanistically distinct intervention, combining transient 5-HT2A receptor agonism with structured psychological support delivered in supervised sessions. Early randomized trials have demonstrated rapid reductions in depressive symptoms and encouraging short-term remission rates, primarily in patients with major depressive disorder, with more limited but emerging evidence in treatment-resistant populations. However, the central clinical question is not merely whether psilocybin can produce acute improvement, but whether these effects can be sustained without cumulative harm. Current evidence remains limited by modest sample sizes, relatively short follow-up periods, challenges in maintaining blinding, and limited comparisons with established TRD interventions such as esketamine, electroconvulsive therapy, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The durability of benefit beyond several weeks remains an open clinical question, and the implications of repeated dosing are not yet well established. In addition, implementation demands substantial therapeutic infrastructure, raising questions regarding scalability, cost, and equitable access. Future research should prioritize standardized definitions of treatment resistance, recognition of clinical heterogeneity within TRD populations, longer-term outcomes, rigorous active comparators, improved trial methodology, safety monitoring, and cost-effectiveness analyses to determine the appropriate clinical role of psilocybin-assisted therapy.", "journal": "Annals of Medicine and Surgery", "publication_date": "2026-06-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1097/ms9.0000000000005244", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000005244", "keywords": "Medicine, Electroconvulsive therapy, Major depressive disorder, Dosing, Clinical trial, Psychological intervention, Intensive care medicine, Treatment-resistant depression, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Translational research, Clinical research, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Monoaminergic, Clinical endpoint, Multimodal therapy, Evidence-based medicine, Placebo, Depressive symptoms, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7165127045\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7165127045\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2541285986\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320888625\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138876543\",\"display_name\":\"Astrit Sabani\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077347061\",\"display_name\":\"Adnan Khatak\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226177\",\"source_display_name\":\"Annals of Medicine and Surgery\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000005244\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7165127045" }, { "id": 1924, "title": "Community engagement as a foundation for implementation research for group psilocybin assisted therapy in New Mexico", "normalized_title": "community engagement as a foundation for implementation research for group psilocybin assisted therapy in new mexico", "authors": "Lawrence Leeman, Maya Armstrong, Dara Menashi, Hanifa Nayo-Washington, Elliot Marseille, Janus Herrera, Crystal Romero, Janet Page-Reeves", "abstract": "Informed by a community engagement process, we have developed a pragmatic, open-label, hybrid feasibility-implementation study of Group Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (GPAT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). As psychedelic-assisted therapies begin to enter the broader mental health arena, engaging communities in the design of research and care models is essential to ensuring that those most impacted have access to-and trust in-the treatments being developed. Guided by the principle of “nothing about us without us,” the proposed study was designed from the outset to be community-informed and co-designed. We established a tripartite collaborative partnership among researchers from the University of New Mexico (UNM) Department of Family & Community Medicine (DFCM) and the UNM Office for Community Health (OCH), the Bernalillo County Health Equity Council, and the national Psychedelic Mental Health Access (PMHA) Alliance. The protocol for the FDA-approved study uses a group therapy model incorporating peer facilitators with shared affinity with the participant group. There will be six groups of six participants, including veterans/first responders and women survivors of sexual violence. The study is aligned with the New Mexico Therapeutic Psilocybin Program in its focus on access and equity, as well as the use of state-regulated whole psilocybin mushrooms rather than synthesized psilocybin. Each group will participate in two sessions using psilocybin mushroom-infused chocolates containing 20 mg and 30 mg of psilocybin, along with both group and individual therapy sessions. Outcomes will include safety and feasibility measures, as well as standard measures of PTSD, including the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). An extended integration model provides longer-term support to participants both within and beyond the clinical trial. A barrier to scaling psychedelic-assisted therapy is understanding what it actually costs to deliver a safe, comprehensive model of care, particularly for populations facing structural barriers to access. The University of California, Berkeley Collaborative for the Economics of Psychedelics (CEP) will conduct a prospective micro-costing study in parallel with GPAT. The analysis will capture delivery costs for community engagement, the group psilocybin therapy model, and the post-clinical protocol extended integration program. Study protocol registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07506395.", "journal": "Frontiers in Public Health", "publication_date": "2026-06-16", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3389/fpubh.2026.1845943", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1845943", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental health, Focus group, General partnership, Community engagement, Psychology, Implementation research, Checklist, Group psychotherapy, Nursing, Medicine, Medical education, Health care, Protocol (science), Health equity, Mental illness, Psychiatry, Posttraumatic stress, Community-based participatory research, Collaborative Care, Program evaluation, Scale (ratio), Community health, Stigma (botany), Qualitative research, Documentation, Public health, Peer support, Family medicine, Pharmacy, Debriefing, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7165032301\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7165032301\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2021182031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059262594\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081938075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090482282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2260448316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334201740\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558552875\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899851487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012301731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3089173757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096392826\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154528253\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205393550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224443490\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289745468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321435530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388419802\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391226316\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391970820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4397021797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403502370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403860154\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406630811\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406955835\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407883822\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411816768\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411961287\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413839750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415230887\",\"https://openalex.org/W7128687864\",\"https://openalex.org/W7128912015\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138788190\",\"display_name\":\"Lawrence Leeman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081093073\",\"display_name\":\"Maya Armstrong\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066280104\",\"display_name\":\"Dara Menashi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138765107\",\"display_name\":\"Hanifa Nayo-Washington\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138810814\",\"display_name\":\"Elliot Marseille\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138819624\",\"display_name\":\"Janus Herrera\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138800675\",\"display_name\":\"Crystal Romero\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138781439\",\"display_name\":\"Janet Page-Reeves\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2595931848\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Public Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1845943\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Chronic Pain,Aging,Clinical Trial,Veterans,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7165032301" }, { "id": 3440, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: A Double-Blind, Dose-Comparison Concurrent Control Randomized Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of severe alcohol use disorder a double blind dose comparison concurrent control randomized trial", "authors": "Brigham and Women's Hospital", "abstract": "This study aims to determine the safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in improving alcohol-related outcomes among adults with severe alcohol use disorder in a a double-blind, dose-comparison concurrent control, randomized trial. Participants will undergo structured psychotherapy and will be randomized to two psilocybin sessions to receive either a full dose (30mg or 40mg) or low dose (10mg or 15mg). This study is a double-blind, dose-comparison concurrent control randomized trial designed to evaluate the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy on alcohol-related outcomes, neurocognitive processes related to craving and stress, and neural circuits involved in reward and regulation among adults with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD). Participants are recruited up to 3 months after completing inpatient alcohol withdrawal treatment to ensure medical stabilization prior to psilocybin administration. The study examines both preliminary efficacy and safety while also exploring mechanistic pathways through behavioral assessments and functional neuroimaging. Participants (N=36) are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either a full-dose psilocybin (30 mg, with option to escalate to 40 mg on the second session) or a low-dose (10 mg, with option to escalate to 15 mg on the second session). All participants complete two dosing sessions spaced four weeks apart. The psychotherapy is delivered by a dyad of trained therapists before, during, and after the dosing sessions and is based on established therapeutic frameworks used in prior psilocybin-assisted therapy trials. The aim of the therapeutic support is to prepare participants for the psilocybin experience, facilitate psychological processing during and after dosing, and support integration of insights into daily life. A peer recovery coach is integrated into the study to support relapse prevention, enhance coping skills, and encourage engagement in ongoing addiction treatment. All participants are offered follow-up services at the institution's outpatient addiction treatment program (including the BWH Bridge Clinic), regardless of study arm. This combination of medical oversight, psychotherapy, and recovery support reflects an effort to embed the intervention within real-world addiction care settings. Alcohol-related outcomes are assessed repeatedly from baseline through 48 weeks after the second dosing session. The primary clinical outcome is the percentage of heavy drinking days during the 24-week follow-up period, measured using Timeline Follow-Back. Secondary alcohol outcomes include drinking quantity and frequency, relapse timing, direct alcohol biomarkers (phosphatidylethanol and ethylglucuronide), withdrawal symptoms, treatment expectancy, blinding integrity, and quality of life measures. Additional exploratory outcomes assess peer support engagement and 12-step attendance. Safety is evaluated throughout the study using structured assessments of adverse events, vital signs, and mood and anxiety symptoms. Because participants have severe AUD and recent withdrawal treatment, careful medical screening is conducted prior to each dosing session. The study includes multiple follow-up assessments up to 48 weeks after the second psilocybin dose, allowing characterization of both acute and longer-term safety. Two mechanistic components are incorporated. First, neurocognitive tasks assess cue-induced craving, attentional bias, stress reactivity, delayed discount, decision making, and distress tolerance. These measures evaluate whether psilocybin influences cognitive and affective processes known to contribute to alcohol use and relapse. Second, participants complete two fMRI scans-first within one week prior to the first dosing session and the second within one week after the second dosing session. The fMRI tasks evaluate neural response to alcohol-related cues and the ability to down-regulate craving, focusing on the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Connectivity analyses examine changes in functional coupling between these regions during alcohol cue processing. Together, these approaches allow the study to evaluate whether full-dose psilocybin, compared to low-dose, produces greater reductions in heavy drinking and craving, whether the treatment is safe and tolerable for individuals with severe AUD, and whether changes in cognitive, emotional, and neural functioning help explain clinical outcomes. By recruiting individuals immediately following inpatient detoxification, the study also examines the feasibility of incorporating psilocybin-assisted therapy into a critical window of early recovery. Results will inform whether a larger, fully powered clinical trial is justified and will contribute to the broader understanding of psilocybin's therapeutic potential in alcohol use disorder.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07296094", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07296094\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1927, "title": "Psilocybin and Mental Health Outcomes: Scoping Review with ☸SAIMSARA", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and mental health outcomes scoping review with saimsara", "authors": "SAIMSARA", "abstract": "This scoping review aims to comprehensively map and synthesize the breadth of evidence from original research on the relationship between psilocybin and health, spanning clinical trials, epidemiological surveys, mechanistic experiments, and cross-sectional attitudinal studies. The review uses 145 references and builds its evidence map from 216 original studies with 271241797 total participants/sample observations (topic-deduplicated ΣN). This review indicates that the most consistent and replicated signal for psilocybin and health is rapid, large, and sustained reduction of depressive symptoms in clinical populations, with a randomized, waiting-list-controlled major depressive disorder (MDD) trial reporting Cohen's d=2.5 at week 5 and benefits in treatment-resistant depression persisting up to 6 months. Converging evidence suggests broader therapeutic potential for anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and existential distress, alongside preliminary signals for substance use disorders, though risks such as manic or psychotic episodes in vulnerable individuals warrant rigorous screening. A recurring caveat is that real-world benefits and access are moderated by race and ethnicity, with protective associations and program participation concentrated among White participants. These findings support a cautiously optimistic but equity-conscious role for psilocybin-assisted therapy in psychiatric and palliative care. Future work should prioritize controlled, prospective trials that test mechanisms and confirm durability while embedding culturally adapted, equitable access strategies.", "journal": "SAIMSARA Journal", "publication_date": "2026-06-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.62487/saimsara7a54f680", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.62487/saimsara7a54f680", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental health, Psychiatry, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Clinical psychology, PsycINFO, Psychotherapist, Mental illness, Medicine, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, MEDLINE, Warrant, Race (biology), Epidemiology, Obsessive compulsive, Test (biology), Bipolar disorder, White paper, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": 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Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.62487/saimsara7a54f680\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7164845889" }, { "id": 1926, "title": "Efficacy of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin assisted therapy in major depressive disorder a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Angel Labra-Lorenzana, Dania Nimbe Lima Sanchez, Christian Alejandro Delaflor-Wagner, Diana Martínez-Hernández, Christian Ramos-Jiménez, Christian Gabriel Toledo-Lozano", "abstract": "Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) for adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: A PROSPERO-registered search (CRD42024561979) of CENTRAL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE (2010-2024) identified clinical trials assessing PAP. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), while non-randomized studies were appraised separately. Evidence certainty was evaluated using GRADE. Results: Ten trials were included; eight provided quantitative data. PAP was associated with large short-term reductions in depressive symptom severity. The overall pooled effect was large (d = 1.15, 95% CI0.83-1.48), though within-subject designs yielded larger estimates (d = 1.63) than between-subject controlled comparisons (d = 0.96). Adverse events were transient and manageable, with no increased risk of serious adverse events on dosing days. Primary risk-of-bias concerns included functional unblinding. Conclusions: PAP may produce clinically meaningful, large short-term reductions in depressive symptoms. However, long-term efficacy remains understudied, and the overall certainty of evidence is low to moderate. Larger, rigorously blinded trials are required.", "journal": "Psychiatry International", "publication_date": "2026-06-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3390/psychiatryint7030137", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint7030137", "keywords": "Medicine, Adverse effect, Major depressive disorder, Dosing, Meta-analysis, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, MEDLINE, Systematic review, Depressive symptoms, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Certainty, Research design, Risk assessment, Intensive care medicine, Relative risk, Severity of illness, Evidence-based medicine, Clinical psychology, Major depressive episode, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164820747\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164820747\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2098923148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912654919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3044729970\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129740058\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384557644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401700752\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402748917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404295609\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138646510\",\"display_name\":\"Angel Labra-Lorenzana\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072252637\",\"display_name\":\"Dania Nimbe Lima Sanchez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3647-6540\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126057939\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Alejandro Delaflor-Wagner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135188546\",\"display_name\":\"Diana Martínez-Hernández\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106551101\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Ramos-Jiménez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1637-6179\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087349807\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Gabriel Toledo-Lozano\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7418-1228\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210214788\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatry International\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint7030137\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7164820747" }, { "id": 3565, "title": "Psilocybin as a Treatment for Chronic Pain in Smokers", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a treatment for chronic pain in smokers", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to understand whether psilocybin therapy is safe and well tolerated in improving chronic pain and increasing motivation to quit smoking for people who have chronic pain and smoke cigarettes. Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug and the active ingredient in \"magic mushrooms.\" Psilocybin is currently being studied in clinical trials but has no current medical use in the United States. Some studies have shown that a dose of psilocybin can help people quit smoking. Other studies have shown that a dose of psilocybin may improve certain chronic pain conditions, such as migraine headaches. We believe that it may also be helpful for people who smoke and have chronic pain, but this has not been tested yet. This will be an open-label pilot study examining the feasibility and potential efficacy of psilocybin in individuals who smoke and have chronic pain. Following the screening visit, the potential participants will have 1) an adaptation/preparation session, 2) a treatment session, and 3) two post-treatment follow-up sessions: 1 and 4 weeks after the treatment session. During study participation, participants will also complete surveys 4 times per day on a mobile device for 5 weeks (1 week before the treatment session and 4 weeks post-treatment session). General Procedures: Potential participants will undergo extensive medical and psychiatric screening to minimize the risk of study participation. Psilocybin will be administered as a 25 mg oral dose under close medical and psychiatric monitoring. For the 24 hours before the treatment session, subjects will be asked to abstain from consuming alcoholic beverages and any illicit drugs, verified by urine drug screening and breathalyzer. Non-compliant subjects will be rescheduled or discharged from the study if they are repeatedly non-compliant. Subjects will be instructed to drink their typical number of caffeinated beverages and smoke cigarettes as usual to minimize caffeine and tobacco withdrawal, which could confound the study measures. Subjects will be instructed not to eat for 4 hours before the treatment sessions because a light snack will be provided before the beginning of the session, and lunch will be provided at the end.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-08", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07118332", "keywords": "Smokers With Chronic Pain, Psilocybin (drug), NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07118332\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3686, "title": "PRISMatic: A Phase 1b Randomized, Double-Armed, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Psilocybin Efficacy With or Without Pimavanserin Pretreatment", "normalized_title": "prismatic a phase 1b randomized double armed parallel group placebo controlled trial of psilocybin efficacy with or without pimavanserin pretreatment", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "Twenty healthy adults (≥21 years old) will be enrolled to evaluate the efficacy of a single oral dose of psilocybin (25 mg) administered with or without pretreatment using oral pimavanserin (34 mg) or placebo. Outcome assessments will occur at 1 week and 1 month following psilocybin administration. The purpose of this study is to clarify the receptor-level mechanisms underlying psilocybin's effects on mood and well-being, along with the associated neurophysiologic signatures. These mechanisms will be examined using psychometric scales, autonomic and fMRI-based neurophysiologic markers, and integrated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-07", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07610135", "keywords": "Mood (Psychological Function), Well Being, Mood, Healthy, Psilocybin, Pimavanserin, Nuplazid, Inactive Placebo, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07610135\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3702, "title": "Multivariate Neural and Physiological Correlates of Psychedelic Sub-states: a Within-subjects, Healthy Volunteer Study With Experience-sampling", "normalized_title": "multivariate neural and physiological correlates of psychedelic sub states a within subjects healthy volunteer study with experience sampling", "authors": "Robin Carhart-Harris, PhD, MA", "abstract": "The main purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the distinct mental states and physical reactions that can arise during a psychedelic experience. By repeatedly assessing the same participants in an MRI while under the effects of psilocybin, the investigators want to identify reliable brain and body reactions arising during these psychedelic experiences. It is hoped that this will provide an insight to inspire future research on psilocybin and related psychedelics as well as inform on their therapeutic action. This study will involve up to 12 healthy volunteers with previous psychedelic experience. Participants in this study will be given four doses of psilocybin, with breaks of at least seven days in between dosing visits. The first dosing visit will feature a 10 mg dose of psilocybin, which can be considerate a low to moderate dose, whereas the remaining three dosing visits will feature 25 mg psilocybin, a high dose that is consistent with the dosage chosen for several modern clinical trials with psilocybin. From the initial in-person screening visit to the final follow-up, participants will be in this study for approximately 6-12 weeks and visit the research site 5 times. The first visit will be an in-person screening visit, during which the investigators will assess participants' eligibility to be enrolled. There will be 4 subsequent visits to the scan center for dosing and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning, and there will be a final remote follow up. Each of the four dosing visits will include four periods of lying within the MRI scanner for scanning, each of these 'in-scanner' sessions will last for \\~ 45 minutes. Actual scans, which are also called 'runs' last for \\~ 12 mins. During these 'runs', the investigators will ask participants two brief questions about how positive or negative their current experience is every 100 seconds. They will be able to record their answers using a button box which they will be operating with their hand. One day after each dosing visit, the investigators will schedule a phone call with the participant to check how they are doing and perform an informal interview focused on their experience while under the effects of psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05698511", "keywords": "Psychedelic Experiences, Neuroimaging, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05698511\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 60, "title": "Prenatal stress, excitatory-inhibitory imbalance, and ADHD risk: a hypothesis-driven perspective on psilocybin-induced neuroplasticity", "normalized_title": "prenatal stress excitatory inhibitory imbalance and adhd risk a hypothesis driven perspective on psilocybin induced neuroplasticity", "authors": "Samaneh Ahmadian-Moghadam, Shiva Roshan-Milani, Ehsan Saboory", "abstract": "Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition in which prenatal stress and long-lasting disruptions of excitatory-inhibitory (E/I) balance have been implicated as key vulnerability factors. Although established pharmacological and behavioral treatments are effective for many individuals, they are not universally successful and do not directly target upstream neurodevelopmental mechanisms. In this hypothesis-driven perspective, we examine whether psilocybin-induced neuroplasticity could theoretically modulate stress-related neurodevelopmental risk pathways relevant to ADHD. Rather than presenting psilocybin as an evidence-based intervention, we synthesize findings from related preclinical and clinical literatures to explore conceptual plausibility. Preclinical studies in non-ADHD models indicate that psilocybin can induce rapid and sustained synaptic plasticity, alter cortical E/I dynamics, and reverse stress-associated structural and functional alterations. Human clinical trials in adults-primarily in mood, trauma-related, and substance use disorders-demonstrate durable changes in emotional regulation, cognitive flexibility, and large-scale brain network organization, processes that overlap with neural systems implicated in ADHD. Research into the use of psilocybin for ADHD is in its early stages, with emerging, largely self-reported, and preliminary studies suggesting potential benefits for managing symptoms like inattention, impulsivity, and emotional dysregulation. We therefore frame psilocybin as a speculative (secondary/tertiary) approach that could, in principle, be explored to probe mechanisms of E/I rebalancing and neuroplasticity. Key mechanistic uncertainties-including the state-dependent effects of psilocybin on excitation and inhibition and the possibility of exacerbating existing imbalances-are explicitly discussed. Ethical and developmental considerations, particularly regarding vulnerable populations, are emphasized as critical constraints on translation. Finally, we propose a translational research roadmap encompassing preclinical prenatal-stress models, biomarker-driven pilot studies in ADHD, and multimodal outcome measures integrating neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and molecular indices. By clearly distinguishing established evidence from hypothesis, this perspective aims to stimulate rigorous and ethically grounded research rather than to advocate premature clinical application.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-06-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-026-04151-x", "pubmed_id": "42248832", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-026-04151-x", "keywords": "Perspective (graphical), Neuroplasticity, Psychology, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Developmental psychology, MEDLINE, Psychiatry, Medicine, Neuroscience, Psychosis, Psychopathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163694045\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163694045\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041308716\",\"display_name\":\"Samaneh Ahmadian-Moghadam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1970-561X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137987953\",\"display_name\":\"Shiva Roshan-Milani\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1078-9386\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060625948\",\"display_name\":\"Ehsan Saboory\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4777-4751\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-026-04151-x\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163694045" }, { "id": 59, "title": "Developing Methods for Observing Awe Narration in Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "developing methods for observing awe narration in psilocybin assisted therapy", "authors": "Elise C. Tarbi, Ian Bhatia, Nabil Balach, Suzannah Buehler, Magdalena Demeo-Meres, Cailin Gramling, Tej Thambi, Julia Hart, Maija Reblin, Donna M. Rizzo, Robert Gramling, Manish Agrawal, Emily Manetta", "abstract": "Background: Understanding the benefits of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) will require scientific attention to the causal interaction between the therapeutic context and process. Measuring what actually happens during PAT in large-scale studies will be an essential component of this work. Objective: We aim to develop and preliminarily evaluate the feasibility and reliability of a direct observation coding system for narrations of awe experiences during PAT, one hypothesized therapeutic mechanism. Methods: We analyzed 32 PAT clinical trial encounter recordings involving eight participants from a Phase 2 clinical trial study of psilocybin-assisted therapy in advanced cancer. Using a conceptually grounded structured codebook, two human coders independently identified start and stop times for moments exhibiting definitional characteristics of awe narration, including expressions of vastness, need for accommodation and ineffability. We used coder agreement and degree of confidence to refine the coding system. Results: During 16,760 total minutes of video, coders collectively recorded 246 moments of awe narration. Of those moments, 42% (104/246) were identified by one coder and 58% (142/246) by two coders. Coders felt substantially more confident in their judgments about a moment of awe when vastness was present compared to when vastness was absent (OR: 4.3; 95% CI: 2.4, 7.8). Iterative refinement of the coding system led to accommodation being operationalized as two distinct components: an initial cognitive disruption followed by variable engagement in the process of accommodation. Conclusions: Awe narration is directly observable using explicit definitional criteria. This work provides the empirical foundation for scalable coding systems of awe narration during PAT.", "journal": "Healthcare", "publication_date": "2026-06-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3390/healthcare14111589", "pubmed_id": "42278842", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14111589", "keywords": "Operationalization, Narrative, Coding (social sciences), Psychology, Cognitive psychology, Computer science, Cognition, Context (archaeology), Narratology, Cognitive science, Pragmatics, Empirical research, Autism, Social psychology, Psychotherapist, Qualitative research, Reliability (semiconductor), Framing (construction), Iterative and incremental development, Eye tracking, Encoding (memory), Developmental psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Media Influence and Health, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163680882\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163680882\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W79229537\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017360110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029504801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162484157\",\"https://openalex.org/W2516468032\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883252198\",\"https://openalex.org/W3040438665\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087027714\",\"https://openalex.org/W3100714436\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136106579\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195474170\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289745468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293756089\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323316701\",\"https://openalex.org/W4375947701\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384119809\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385932674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402149384\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408901008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411327114\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414465628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414745665\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017118759\",\"display_name\":\"Elise C. Tarbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-6632\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5097901983\",\"display_name\":\"Ian Bhatia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3148-371X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137978262\",\"display_name\":\"Nabil Balach\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137949745\",\"display_name\":\"Suzannah Buehler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137934563\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Demeo-Meres\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083898765\",\"display_name\":\"Cailin Gramling\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137932124\",\"display_name\":\"Tej Thambi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137928884\",\"display_name\":\"Julia Hart\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009338660\",\"display_name\":\"Maija Reblin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3108-465X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074921180\",\"display_name\":\"Donna M. Rizzo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-5028\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135804845\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Gramling\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136332636\",\"display_name\":\"Emily Manetta\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210214101\",\"source_display_name\":\"Healthcare\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14111589\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163680882" }, { "id": 64, "title": "Changes in anxiety, quality of life, and functioning following psilocybin-assisted therapy in veterans with treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "changes in anxiety quality of life and functioning following psilocybin assisted therapy in veterans with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Cecelia Kelly, Mathieu Fradet, Catherine M. Bostian, Anna Donnelly, Sara Ellis, Michael Ostacher, Scott Aaronson, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-06-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.122063", "pubmed_id": "42248535", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.122063", "keywords": "Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Exploratory research, Quality of life (healthcare), Psychology, Depressive symptoms, Medicine, Experiential avoidance, Placebo, Posttraumatic stress, Severity of illness, Randomized controlled trial, Longitudinal study, Clinical trial, Major depressive disorder, Rating scale, Psychological intervention, Young adult, DASS, Beck Depression Inventory, Functional impairment, Anxiety disorder, Psychometrics, Major depressive episode, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163510976\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163510976\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2004916527\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054896389\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055093221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461675940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2568227005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767533806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000661394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021032566\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205400385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223572311\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317659507\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387692422\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391486733\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392550813\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403625424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406254344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408151066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411137642\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414994323\",\"https://openalex.org/W7128709377\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014764338\",\"display_name\":\"Cecelia Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-5492\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050276295\",\"display_name\":\"Mathieu Fradet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136364267\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine M. Bostian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4055-1314\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136523502\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Donnelly\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108335177\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Ellis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123791016\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Ostacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020769134\",\"display_name\":\"Scott Aaronson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137863618\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.122063\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163510976" }, { "id": 3558, "title": "The Role of the Subjective Experience in Supporting Positive Effects Following Psilocybin: a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial Using Risperidone in Healthy Adults", "normalized_title": "the role of the subjective experience in supporting positive effects following psilocybin a randomized controlled clinical trial using risperidone in healthy adults", "authors": "University of Calgary", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to determine the importance of the acute subjective experience induced by psilocybin (the primary component of \"magic mushrooms\") in facilitating positive outcomes. Participants in this study will be given psilocybin in combination with either a placebo or risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic that block the subjective effects of psilocybin. The overall goal of this clinical trial is to systematically explore the relationship between the subjective psychedelic experience, improvements in well-being, and the stress response following psilocybin administration. The investigators aim to determine whether blocking the acute subjective effects (via risperidone) will influence the acute or protracted effects of psilocybin as measured via self-report, biochemical, or psychophysiological measures. The study also aims to determine if individual variability in stress reactivity or regulation predicts acute (day of dosing) or protracted (1-week later) effects of psilocybin. A single site will recruit 128 participants aged 18 to 65 who do not meet criteria for any psychiatric diagnoses. A series of questionnaires, blood labs, and medical exams including electrocardiogram will determine inclusion into the study. Once accepted into the study, participants will complete baseline measures assessing biomarkers such as cortisol and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, cognitive flexibility, mood, well-being, personality traits, and anxiety levels. Participants will then be randomly assigned into one of the following groups: i) high dose psilocybin in combination with placebo pretreatment ii) high dose psilocybin in combination with risperidone pretreatment iii) low dose psilocybin in combination with placebo pretreatment iv) low dose psilocybin in combination with risperidone pretreatment Outcome measures will be assessed at 1-week and 1-month after each dosing session.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06768944", "keywords": "Investigating the Importance of the Subjective Psychedelic Experience, Psilocybin high-dose, PEX010, high-dose psilocybin, Psilocybin low-dose, low-dose psilocybin, Risperidone 1 MG, Risperdal, Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06768944\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Biomarkers,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3647, "title": "Imaging the Effects of Serotonin 2A Receptor Modulation on Synaptic Density in Treatment-resistant Depression (SYNVEST)", "normalized_title": "imaging the effects of serotonin 2a receptor modulation on synaptic density in treatment resistant depression synvest", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Limit: 5000 characters. Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychotherapy in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. In healthy volunteers, the psychedelic effects of psilocybin have been shown to be blocked by administration of certain medications such as risperidone. The purpose of this study is to use an established SV2A radiotracer produced at our Centre to determine the feasibility of integrating PET imaging in to psilocybin trials. The preliminary imaging data will assess whether psilocybin's antidepressant effects are related to changes in synaptic density in adults with TRD, and whether any changes in synaptic density are associated with psilocybin's actions on the 5-HT2AR.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06512220", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin 25 mg, PEX010, Risperidone 1 MG, MAR-Risperidone, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06512220\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 77, "title": "Psilocybin Decreases Preference for Large Rewards Accompanied by Increased Activity of Parvalbumin Neurons With Perineuronal Nets in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex", "normalized_title": "psilocybin decreases preference for large rewards accompanied by increased activity of parvalbumin neurons with perineuronal nets in the medial prefrontal cortex", "authors": "Jenna Houff, Andrew Williams, Obie Allen, Barbara Gisabella, Harry Pantazopoulos, Alberto Del Arco", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Clinical trials suggest that a single dose of psilocybin may be an effective treatment for substance use disorders. Choice impulsivity is a value-based decision-making bias that predicts drug-intake escalation and is commonly associated with substance use disorders. The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex regulates choice impulsivity and is enriched with 5-HT2A receptors that mediate effects of psilocybin. We hypothesized that psilocybin has long-term (≥ 48 h) effects on choice impulsivity in association with dorsomedial prefrontal cortex inhibitory interneurons with perineuronal nets (PNNs). Male Long Evans rats were trained in a delay discounting task where rats chose between delayed large rewards and immediate small rewards. Forty-eight hours after psilocybin or vehicle injections, delay discounting was assessed and rats' brains processed for microscopy analysis of extracellular matrix (PNNs) together with inhibitory parvalbumin (PV) interneurons and c-Fos as a marker of neuronal activity. Psilocybin acutely increased head-twitch responses. Psilocybin decreased large reward choices and increased the latency to large reward choices 48 h after administration. These effects were independent of delay and therefore not consistent with changes in impulsivity. Psilocybin also increased the density of triple-labelled neurons (PNN + PV + cFos) in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. These results suggest that psilocybin decreases appetitive motivation through the increased activation of PV interneurons with PNNs in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex.", "journal": "European Journal of Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2026-05-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/ejn.70574", "pubmed_id": "42226515", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70574", "keywords": "Prefrontal cortex, Psilocybin, Parvalbumin, Impulsivity, Neuroscience, Psychology, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, GABAergic, Perineuronal net, Premovement neuronal activity, Glutamatergic, Hallucinogen, Temporal discounting, Somatosensory system, Interneuron, Electrophysiology, Glutamate receptor, Cognition, Delay discounting, Orbitofrontal cortex, Insular cortex, Postsynaptic potential, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": 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Houff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121310123\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137639193\",\"display_name\":\"Obie Allen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080149200\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara Gisabella\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0072-790X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090063874\",\"display_name\":\"Harry Pantazopoulos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8905-8377\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103847587\",\"display_name\":\"Alberto Del Arco\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S171130801\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Journal of Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70574\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163205006" }, { "id": 3576, "title": "A Phase 2a Study of Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for Cancer-Related Anxiety and Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a study of group retreat psilocybin therapy for cancer related anxiety and depression", "authors": "University of Washington", "abstract": "This phase II trial tests the safety, side effects and how well group retreat psilocybin therapy works for the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with solid tumors that have spread from where they first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic) or with hematologic cancers for which no treatment is currently available (incurable). For patients with metastatic, incurable cancer, unrelieved anxiety and existential distress can cause profound suffering. Psilocybin therapy can relieve anxiety and existential distress by disrupting patterns of thinking that contribute to anxiety and depression. Psilocybin is a substance being studied in the treatment of anxiety or depression in patients with cancer. In this study, a pharmaceutical grade of psilocybin will be used that has been approved by the FDA for research, provided by Filament Health. Psilocybin acts on the brain by resetting the brain's activity and increasing connections between brain regions, particularly those involved in mood regulation and self-perception. In this study psilocybin is combined with structured discussions and reflections that enable patients to have new insights about their situation. In a prior study, group retreat psilocybin therapy was proven to be safe and this study tests a refined dosing regimen for symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with metastatic solid tumors or incurable hematologic malignancies. OUTLINE: Patients attend group preparation therapy sessions on days -14 (virtual), -7 (virtual) and -1 (in person), and also attend an individual preparation therapy session on day -1 (in person). Patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) on day 0. Patients may receive an additional \"booster\" dose 60-90 minutes after the initial dose based on their subjective report combined with the physician's clinical judgement. Patients attend group integration therapy sessions on days 1 (in person), 8 (virtual), 15 (virtual), and 22 (virtual), and attend individual integration therapy sessions on days 1 (in person) and 8 (virtual). After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 2 weeks and at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07336238", "keywords": "Anxiety, Depression, Hematopoietic and Lymphatic System Neoplasm, Metastatic Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Psychotherapy, therapy, talk therapy, Psilocybin, psilocybine, Survey Administration, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07336238\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1940, "title": "Psilocybin shows rapid relief for depression symptoms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin shows rapid relief for depression symptoms", "authors": "Valerie A. Canady", "abstract": "A single dose of psilocybin may provide rapid relief for people with major depressive disorder (MDD), with benefits emerging within days and lasting for several weeks, according to a randomized clinical trial published May 15 in JAMA Network Open. Researchers of the study, “Short-Term and Late-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Symptoms in Major Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” found that patients receiving psilocybin experienced significantly larger reductions in depression scores compared with those given an active placebo, meeting the study's primary endpoint at eight days.", "journal": "Mental Health Weekly", "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/mhw.34890", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34890", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Clinical endpoint, Major depressive disorder, Depressive symptoms, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Placebo, Open label, Symptom relief, Primary care, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162755829\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162755829\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137367980\",\"display_name\":\"Valerie A. Canady\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1030938293\",\"source_display_name\":\"Mental Health Weekly\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34890\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162755829" }, { "id": 1939, "title": "Psilocybin shows mixed results for patients with treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin shows mixed results for patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Patients with treatment-resistant depression who received psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy showed clinically meaningful improvement in depressive symptoms relative to placebo, a Phase 2b trial has found. However, the study did not show a significant effect on the primary outcome of treatment response 6 weeks after the first of two doses of psilocybin. Study results were published online March 18, 2026 in JAMA Psychiatry.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31461", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31461", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Primary care, Randomized controlled trial, Treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive episode, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162787347\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162787347\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31461\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162787347" }, { "id": 1937, "title": "Effect of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy on anxiety symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy on anxiety symptoms a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Alex Hood, Gary ELKINS", "abstract": "Abstract Background and Aims Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a novel, transdiagnostic treatment in which the 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocybin is combined with psychotherapy. Studies to date have evaluated PAP's effects on depression, substance use, and end-of-life adjustment. Relatively less attention has been given to its effects on anxiety symptoms, which are highly comorbid with other psychiatric conditions and are a leading cause of global disability. This review systematically evaluated evidence for PAP's effects on anxiety symptoms across diagnoses, with attention to variations in interventional components across studies. Methods A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Searches were completed in six databases and independent reviewers screened records. Study quality was assessed and data extracted on participant demographics and intervention features. Random-effects models estimated within- and between-group effects from baseline to primary endpoint. Results Twenty-five studies were determined eligible for inclusion. Considerable heterogeneity was observed in psychotherapy format, dosing, session structure, and outcome timing. Pooled results showed a large within-groups effect on anxiety after controlling for measurement artifacts (Hedge's g = 0.96) and a small between-groups effect (Hedge's g = 0.48). High heterogeneity persisted even after controlling for the influence of different anxiety measures and moderators related to intervention formulation and delivery. Conclusions PAP shows promise for reducing anxiety across primary diagnoses. However, variability in study quality, interventional design, sample representativeness, and high heterogeneity warrant caution in interpretation. More rigorous, high-quality trials with diverse populations are needed. Implications and directions for future research are summarized.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2026.00507", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00507", "keywords": "Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Intervention (counseling), Psychology, Psychotherapist, Systematic review, Demographics, Randomized controlled trial, Psychological intervention, Clinical trial, Sample size determination, MEDLINE, Meta-analysis, Anxiety disorder, Psychiatry, Medicine, Specific phobia, Substance use, Session (web analytics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162785692\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162785692\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1987138256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021593215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021803359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026789649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029637260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065796326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074598859\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107328434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112953965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145576372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2468643947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600378660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901724277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2910235276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912626077\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924322406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2927560891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991510409\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000661394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014277121\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3141256924\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205622941\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200214647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200408156\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225308749\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225982601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307773202\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309360340\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310735641\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320480665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321097050\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386849390\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387737676\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390918459\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392657822\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394602238\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398774731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400279567\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400695899\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402476560\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402554692\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402748917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405122998\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405376152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406141686\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406240577\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409286565\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410030136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413889891\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414374510\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095491420\",\"display_name\":\"Alex Hood\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009557677\",\"display_name\":\"Gary ELKINS\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00507\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162785692" }, { "id": 4006, "title": "Blinding integrity in psychedelic research: Evidence from a comparative randomized controlled trial of psilocybin, MDMA, and methylphenidate in healthy volunteers.", "normalized_title": "blinding integrity in psychedelic research evidence from a comparative randomized controlled trial of psilocybin mdma and methylphenidate in healthy volunteers", "authors": "L Belinger, N M Rieser, E J E Engeli, L Becciolini, M Clamote, M Pribis, F Saissi, G.A. Florineth, N L Hehl, M Herdener, K H Preller", "abstract": "Maintaining effective blinding is a major methodological challenge in psychedelic research. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of blinding integrity in 120 healthy volunteers who received either psilocybin, MDMA, or methylphenidate (active placebo) in a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Using a multi-level assessment incorporating forced-choice substance guesses, certainty ratings, decision factors, and subjective substance effects, the analyses characterize blinding integrity and its relation to the substance experience. Results indicate that overall blinding was insufficient, with psilocybin showing the highest rates of functional unblinding, MDMA moderate levels, and methylphenidate the lowest. As an active placebo, methylphenidate provided more effective blinding for MDMA than for psilocybin. Incorporating certainty levels of substance guesses revealed a more differentiated pattern, with lower functional unblinding rates. Decision factors and subjective substance experiences were associated with phenomenological substance effects. Prior substance experiences did not influence accuracy of forced-choice substance guesses. These findings provide empirical guidance for the design and reporting of blinding procedures in psychedelic trials and underscore the value of systematic, multi-level assessment of blinding integrity.", "journal": "Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern", "publication_date": "2026-05-27", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.48620/98266", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.48620/98266", "keywords": "Blinding, Randomized controlled trial, Methylphenidate, Medicine, MDMA, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Placebo, Clinical trial, Clinical psychology, Randomization, Substance use, Modalities, Substance abuse, Certainty, Drug, Research design, Clinical endpoint, Craving, Recall, Drug trial, Meta-analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:35", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163021326\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163021326\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137530210\",\"display_name\":\"L Belinger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137544462\",\"display_name\":\"N M Rieser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137593271\",\"display_name\":\"E J E Engeli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137517214\",\"display_name\":\"L Becciolini\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137542688\",\"display_name\":\"M Clamote\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137579464\",\"display_name\":\"M Pribis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137592414\",\"display_name\":\"F Saissi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137247663\",\"display_name\":\"G.A. Florineth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1111-5902\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137516201\",\"display_name\":\"N L Hehl\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137545774\",\"display_name\":\"M Herdener\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137580466\",\"display_name\":\"K H Preller\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407053152\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.48620/98266\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Healthy Volunteers,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163021326" }, { "id": 97, "title": "Psilocybin-induced neurocardiogenic syncope: a case report", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced neurocardiogenic syncope a case report", "authors": "Mazen A. Atiq, Eli Weisman, Rodrigo B. Guerra, Luis Luna Martinez, David B. Yaden, Frederick S. Barrett, Sandeep Nayak, Ceyda Sayalı", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin is among the serotonergic psychedelics closest to potential FDA approval, with growing evidence of therapeutic benefit across psychiatric conditions. As clinical trials expand, systematic characterization of adverse events (AEs) remains essential. While transient hypertensive responses are well documented, hypotensive events such as neurocardiogenic syncope (NCS) are rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a healthy 35-year-old male enrolled in an open-label study investigating psilocybin-evoked changes in brain function during transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG). Approximately 60 minutes after receiving 25 mg oral psilocybin, and shortly after initiation of an eye-open resting-state EEG, he experienced prodromal lightheadedness followed by a brief loss of consciousness and postural tone. Immediate blood pressure was 93/51 mmHg with tachycardia and diaphoresis. Supportive measures, including leg elevation and oral hydration, led to rapid stabilization, and no further cardiovascular abnormalities occurred. The participant reported an emotionally intense experience, and contextual factors - including upright seated posture, restrictive EEG equipment, and anticipatory anxiety surrounding TMS - may have contributed to heightened autonomic arousal and susceptibility to NCS. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights a rare hypotensive AE during psilocybin administration and underscores the importance of vigilant cardiovascular monitoring, particularly during procedures that may amplify emotional arousal. Given that fewer than one-quarter of contemporary psychedelic trials report systematic AE assessment, transparent documentation of both hypertensive and hypotensive events is critical for defining psilocybin's safety profile as clinical applications expand. PARENT TRIAL REGISTRATION: Open Label Psilocybin Brain Stimulation and Imaging Pilot Study; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06835699. Date registered: 02/13/2025. The parent-study consent form explicitly permits publication of de-identified participant data, and separate institutional approval for this case report was obtained (IRB00543773).", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-05-27", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-026-07079-8", "pubmed_id": "42207275", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-026-07079-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Adverse effect, Anxiety, Anesthesia, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Clinical trial, Arousal, Electroencephalography, Psychology, Blood pressure, Tachycardia, Lightheadedness, Psychiatry, Bradycardia, Orthostatic vital signs, Depression (economics), Serotonergic, Neuroscience, Lamotrigine, Hallucinogen, Vasovagal syncope, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162662445\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162662445\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2104188272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159580288\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392242862\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416839507\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060369515\",\"display_name\":\"Mazen A. Atiq\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5598-480X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137214587\",\"display_name\":\"Eli Weisman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040974568\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Guerra\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9044-0457\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135659235\",\"display_name\":\"Luis Luna Martinez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137208332\",\"display_name\":\"David B. Yaden\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137283236\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137299515\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep Nayak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079100962\",\"display_name\":\"Ceyda Sayalı\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3420-5499\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-026-07079-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162662445" }, { "id": 99, "title": "Long-Term Efficacy of Psilocybin with Adjunct Psychotherapy in Treatment-Resistant Major Depression (EPIsoDE): 6- and 12-Month Naturalistic Follow-Up of a Phase 2b Trial", "normalized_title": "long term efficacy of psilocybin with adjunct psychotherapy in treatment resistant major depression episode 6 and 12 month naturalistic follow up of a phase 2b trial", "authors": "Lea J. Mertens, Felix Betzler, Manuela Brand, Ricarda Evens, Andrea Jungaberle, Henrik Jungaberle, Laura Kärtner, Tomislav Majić, Christian N. Schmitz, Andreas Ströhle, Dennis Scharf, Moritz Spangemacher, Max Wolff, Zahra Assadi, Scharif Bahri, Lilith Becher, Luca V. Färber, Henry Harder, Niklas Kirchen, Eugenia Kulakova, Linda C. Kunz, Andy Meijer, Barbara Rohrmoser, Stefan Wellek, Moritz M. Berger, Michael Koslowski, Gerhard Gründer", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: Psilocybin shows promise for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but long-term data are limited. This study examined the antidepressant effect of one or two psilocybin doses with adjunct psychotherapy in TRD until twelve months. METHODS: This is a naturalistic follow-up of a phase 2b, randomized, active placebo-controlled trial, where participants were randomized to receive two drug administrations six weeks apart, embedded within seven psychotherapeutic sessions: (1) active placebo (100 mg nicotinamide) then 25 mg psilocybin, (2) 5 mg psilocybin then 25 mg psilocybin, (3a) 25 mg psilocybin then 5 mg psilocybin, or (3b) 25 mg psilocybin twice. The controlled phase ended at twelve weeks, after which participants could pursue other treatments, with follow-ups at six- and twelve-months. The primary follow-up endpoint was change from baseline on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD17). RESULTS: 126/144 randomized participants (51 females, 40%) completed at least one follow-up visit. A generalized additive mixed regression model for change in HAMD17 scores showed a significant time effect across groups for both follow-up time points, with estimated average changes from baseline of -7.93 (95% CI: -9.17, -6.70, adj. p", "journal": "Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics", "publication_date": "2026-05-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1159/000552272", "pubmed_id": "42201843", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1159/000552272", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Placebo, Pharmacotherapy, Psychology, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive disorder, Imipramine, Clinical endpoint, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Adjunctive treatment, Clinical psychology, Rating scale, Depressive symptoms, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Naturalistic observation, Crossover study, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Primary care, Paroxetine, Double blind, Adjunct, Severity of illness, Hamilton depression scale, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162570449\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162570449\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135017281\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137147735\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Betzler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-4870\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051417409\",\"display_name\":\"Manuela Brand\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054444045\",\"display_name\":\"Ricarda Evens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016321877\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137123194\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137160650\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Kärtner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065637165\",\"display_name\":\"Tomislav Majić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2950-6673\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137173281\",\"display_name\":\"Christian N. Schmitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1908-4026\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137090167\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Ströhle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3751-0878\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136596267\",\"display_name\":\"Dennis Scharf\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137107268\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137114818\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130191345\",\"display_name\":\"Zahra Assadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067811740\",\"display_name\":\"Scharif Bahri\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090562448\",\"display_name\":\"Lilith Becher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137157693\",\"display_name\":\"Luca V. Färber\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137188532\",\"display_name\":\"Henry Harder\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080849074\",\"display_name\":\"Niklas Kirchen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031576236\",\"display_name\":\"Eugenia Kulakova\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-4802\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102613407\",\"display_name\":\"Linda C. Kunz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129846065\",\"display_name\":\"Andy Meijer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093861751\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara Rohrmoser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063934463\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Wellek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-8122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137104934\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz M. Berger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045306689\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Koslowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-9875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S184803288\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552272\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162570449" }, { "id": 4012, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression a comprehensive review of mechanisms and therapeutic potential", "authors": "Dallas T Mason", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is characterized by chronic symptoms, impaired functioning, and limited response to conventional antidepressant therapy. Contemporary reviews have highlighted increasing interest in psilocybin-assisted therapy as a mechanistically novel approach for depressive disorders, grounded in early feasibility work demonstrating clinically meaningful symptom reductions in TRD populations and strengthened by subsequent randomized trials in major depressive disorder (MDD).¹,²,³ Open-label findings in TRD showed rapid and sustained reductions in depressive symptoms, while controlled trials in MDD demonstrated significant improvements from baseline after one or two psilocybin-assisted therapy sessions.¹,²,³ Systematic reviews of mechanistic work indicate that psilocybin modulates multiple neurobiological and psychological domains relevant to depression, including 5-HT₂A-mediated signaling functional network reorganization and emotional or cognitive shifts associated with therapeutic processes such as openness and acceptance.²,⁴‾⁷ Neuroimaging studies show acute alterations in default mode network dynamics and broader changes in connectivity during the psychedelic experience, findings interpreted as consistent with increased cognitive and emotional flexibility.²,⁵,⁷ Meta-analytic reviews report substantial antidepressant effects across different psilocybin dosing strategies and indicate that improvements often persist for several weeks.⁸,⁹ Safety reviews describe psilocybin’s acute adverse effects as generally mild, transient, and self-limiting, whereas recent systematic analyses highlight substantial variability and methodological limitations in harms reporting across trials.¹⁰,¹¹ Ethical, legal, and implementation challenges remain, including the constraints imposed by psilocybin’s Schedule I classification and the intensive training, therapeutic support, and clinical infrastructure required for safe delivery of psilocybin-assisted therapy.¹²,¹³ This narrative review synthesizes mechanistic, clinical, safety, and regulatory evidence to evaluate the potential role of psilocybin-assisted therapy for individuals with TRD.", "journal": "Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)", "publication_date": "2026-05-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/dmscjournal/vol8/iss1/6", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Antidepressant, Treatment-resistant depression, Cognition, Psychology, Default mode network, Adverse effect, Systematic review, Clinical trial, Medicine, Neuroimaging, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Depression (economics), Electroconvulsive therapy, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Narrative review, Hallucinogen, MEDLINE, Neuroscience, Dosing, Functional neuroimaging, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:35", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162235135\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162235135\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136833991\",\"display_name\":\"Dallas T Mason\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196904\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/dmscjournal/vol8/iss1/6\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162235135" }, { "id": 4011, "title": "The Use of Psilocybin for Managing Refractory Behavioral Health Conditions: A New and Promising Approach", "normalized_title": "the use of psilocybin for managing refractory behavioral health conditions a new and promising approach", "authors": "Rachel N Clark", "abstract": "The purpose of this review is to evaluate the possible benefits of using psilocybin(C12H17N2O4P), a naturally occurring psychoactive compound found in certain species of mushrooms, in the treatment of multiple forms of mental illness and substance abuse in either monotherapy or in conjunction with traditional psychiatric medications. The compound acts as a high-affinity agonist for several serotonin receptors, including 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C, which are densely located throughout the cerebral cortex and thalamus. Following a comprehensive search of electronic databases, this review evaluates the pharmacokinetics, therapeutic efficacy, and safety profile of psilocybin in treating depression, anxiety, and addiction disorders. The findings are promising and support its efficacy with decreased symptoms in multiple psychiatric disorders with a rapid onset. Significant research barriers remain, including methodological limitations, regulatory constraints, and limited population diversity in clinical trials conducted to date. United States (US) federal funding for the study of psilocybin as a potential therapeutic option has not yet been approved. Biosynthetic production of the compound and enhanced integration into psychotherapy are necessary to ensure scalability, safety, and accessibility. Future research is essential to evaluate and to refine its therapeutic applications on a larger scale.", "journal": "Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)", "publication_date": "2026-05-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3694&context=dmscjournal", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Addiction, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Population, Clinical trial, Substance abuse, Psychology, Mental illness, Psychotherapist, Mental health, Pharmacology, Addiction medicine, Drug, Substance use, MEDLINE, Adjunctive treatment, Global population, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:35", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162225828\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162225828\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136836285\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel N Clark\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196904\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3694&context=dmscjournal\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162225828" }, { "id": 3614, "title": "Group Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder", "normalized_title": "group psilocybin assisted therapy for post traumatic stress disorder", "authors": "University of New Mexico", "abstract": "This study is a community-informed, pragmatic, open-label, phase 1 clinical trial of group-format psilocybin-assisted therapy (GPAT) for individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The primary objectives of this phase 1 study are to assess the safety and feasibility of (GPAT) for individuals with (PTSD) and to evaluate preliminary effects on PTSD severity. This study is a community-informed, pragmatic, open-label, phase 1 clinical trial of group-format psilocybin-assisted therapy (GPAT) for individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The primary objectives of this phase 1 study are to assess the safety and feasibility of (GPAT) for individuals with (PTSD) and to evaluate preliminary effects on PTSD severity. These will be assessed by the following outcome measures: * Proportion of participants completing the study protocol * Incidence of adverse events (AEs), serious adverse events (SAEs) and AEs of special interest using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0 * Mean change in the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) and PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). The CAPS-5 and PCL-5 are based on the DSM-5 not the DSM-5-TR.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07506395", "keywords": "PTSD, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07506395\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3636, "title": "A Pilot Mechanistic Study of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy as a Treatment for Depression", "normalized_title": "a pilot mechanistic study of psilocybin assisted therapy as a treatment for depression", "authors": "Washington University School of Medicine", "abstract": "Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting an estimated 300 million people. Despite available treatments, response rates remain modest, and treatment resistance is common. Novel treatments are needed that act rapidly, produce lasting effects and work differently than existing antidepressants. In clinical trials, psilocybin has shown promise as a treatment for depression due to its rapid onset of antidepressant effects and sustained benefits. This study will use MRI scanning of the brain and other biological measures (biomarkers) to investigate how psilocybin affects brain activity and psychological flexibility before, during, and after receiving psilocybin in participants with depressive symptoms.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-19", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07582120", "keywords": "Depression, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07582120\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Biomarkers,Psychological Flexibility,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3529, "title": "Evaluating the Feasibility, Clinical Effects, and Safety of Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment-resistant Obsessive-compulsive Disorder: An Open-label Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "evaluating the feasibility clinical effects and safety of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant obsessive compulsive disorder an open label clinical trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychotherapy in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. There is interest to see if similar effects may be provided in those with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and clinical effects of psilocybin administration in those with OCD. Ten participants with treatment-resistant OCD will receive two doses of 25mg of psilocybin under supportive conditions, two weeks apart. The investigators hypothesize that two sessions of psilocybin 25mg administered under supportive conditions to participants with treatment-resistant OCD will lead to significant reductions in OCD symptoms. Literature suggests that up to 40 percent of individuals with OCD do not respond to conventional treatment and experience treatment resistant OCD (TROCD) (1, 2). Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychotherapy in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects (3). Results of these trials have led to growing calls for transition to clinical use, as well as increased research for other mental health disorders. It is presumed that psilocybin's therapeutic effects are induced by the psychedelic \"trip\", which is dependent on serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) activation (4, 5). All studies have used psilocybin in conjunction with psychotherapy involving two therapists present during full-day dosing sessions. There is a need for more data in the TROCD population as there is only one clinical trial published for this specific population, followed by various case reports. Using a proof-of-concept, open-label, clinical trial approach, 10 participants with TROCD will receive 2 doses of 25mg of psilocybin, with two weeks between each dosing day. The objectives of this study are as follows: 1. To assess the safety, and feasibility, of psilocybin, administered with psychological support to adult participants with TROCD. Hypothesis 1: The investigators will be able to recruit and retain ten participants with TROCD for the duration of the trial and that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for obsessive compulsive disorder (PAP-OCD) will be safe in those with TROCD, as measured by monitoring adverse events and using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). 2. To assess the clinical effects of PAP in those with TROCD. Hypothesis 2: Two sessions of psilocybin (25mg) administered under supportive conditions to participants with TROCD will lead to significant reductions in OCD symptoms as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) when comparing baseline to Week 3. 3. Provide pilot data on the effect of psilocybin and supportive therapy on TROCD in preparation of a future larger RCT. Overview of Study Design: All 10 participants will follow the same study design. Each participant will undergo a screening assessment where they will complete lab tests, and clinical and psychiatric assessments to determine eligibility. Following the screening visit, participants will undergo a washout period where they will be tapered off concomitant medications over a medication the participant is being tapered off (based on the half-life of the medication) and the participant's preference for the length of the tapering period. All medications will require a minimum of a 2-week tapering period with the exception of fluoxetine which will require a minimum of 4-weeks. Additional time may be added at the discretion of the study investigator. During this period, there will be weekly check-ins with the study physician. At study Visit 2 (Baseline, V2), participants will complete a series of questionnaires and assessments, preparatory therapy with trained study therapists, and undergo a brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The preparatory therapy sessions will build a therapeutic alliance, and provide psychoeducation about, and set intentions for, the psilocybin session. To reduce participant burden, baseline can be broken up into multiple days, however all assessments must be completed within 7-days of the first dose. At study Visit 3 (V3), neurophysiological measurements will be performed. Upon completion of V2 and V3, participants will undergo the first psilocybin dosing session at Visit 4 (V4) where they will receive an active dose (25mg) of psilocybin in conjunction with supportive therapy. The psilocybin session will last 5 to 6 hours and will be conducted in the existing psychedelic treatment suite developed at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH). Two trained study therapists will be supporting each participant during the dosing session. After 5 hours of dose administration, participants will be evaluated for safety by the study psychiatrist and discharged home in the company of a caregiver or a family member. On the day after the dosing session (Visit 5, V5) and one-week after the dosing session (Visit 6, V6), participants will be asked to complete the same questionnaires that were done at Baseline (V2) and will undergo an integrative therapy session with the trained study therapist. Between Visit 5 (V5) and Visit 7 (V7), during study Visit 6 (V6), the same neurophysiological measurements will be performed as during Visit 3 (V3). Follow-up assessments will also occur at 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks (Visit 7, 8, 9 and 10) after the second psilocybin dosing session. The same questionnaires administered at Baseline (V2) will be repeated at each of these study visits.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06299319", "keywords": "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psilocybin, PEX010, ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06299319\",\"overall_status\":\"ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,OCD,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Case Report,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 123, "title": "Short-Term and Late-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Symptoms in Major Depression", "normalized_title": "short term and late term effects of psilocybin on symptoms in major depression", "authors": "Hampus Yngwe, Pontus Plavén-Sigray, Carl Johan Ekman, Eva Henje, Anders Berglund, Mikael Tiger, Maria Beckman, J O Lundberg", "abstract": "Importance: Psilocybin has been proposed as a rapid-acting antidepressant (onset 6 weeks), but evidence from randomized clinical trials remains limited, particularly in the broader major depressive disorder (MDD) population. Objective: To assess short-term and long-term antidepressant effects of psilocybin therapy in patients with MDD. Design, Setting, and Participants: This double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of participants diagnosed with moderate to severe recurrent MDD was conducted at the Northern Stockholm Psychiatric Clinic between January 26, 2021, and February 19, 2024. Statistical analysis was performed from February 20, 2024, to June 20, 2025. Interventions: Participants received a single dose of psilocybin (25 mg) or active placebo (niacin, 100 mg) and 5 psychotherapeutic support sessions during 17 days. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was between-group difference in change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from baseline to day 8. Secondary end points included MADRS scores on days 15, 42, and 365, as well as monthly self-reports (MADRS-S) of depressive symptoms, disability, quality of life, and anxiety throughout the 365-day follow-up. Results: The study included 35 participants (21 [60%] female; mean [SD] age, 41.0 [10.1] years) diagnosed with moderate to severe recurrent MDD, with 17 randomized to the psilocybin group and 18 to the niacin group. The study met its primary end point with a significant mean between-group difference (model estimated) in change in MADRS score on day 8 (-7.27; 95% CI, -12.89 to -1.65; P =.01) in favor of psilocybin. The between-group difference was significant also on days 15 (mean difference, -11.03; 95% CI, -16.65 to -5.42; P", "journal": "JAMA Network Open", "publication_date": "2026-05-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.12589", "pubmed_id": "42138922", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.12589", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Psychiatry, Rating scale, Anxiety, Clinical endpoint, Depressive symptoms, Clinical trial, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Internal medicine, Hamilton depression scale, Major depressive episode, Statistical significance, Quality of life (healthcare), Severity of illness, Intention-to-treat analysis, Fluoxetine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161294763\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161294763\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993810702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010551045\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012310310\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065384164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093627832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117994084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165010366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167761850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169679251\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173476075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2405784884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2562220447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967946137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084133193\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107674131\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207016700\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214898817\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292528167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301006693\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319869979\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386437906\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388565270\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391753041\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408151066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408826190\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412738512\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095379592\",\"display_name\":\"Hampus Yngwe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004640388\",\"display_name\":\"Pontus Plavén-Sigray\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5342-5641\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045856839\",\"display_name\":\"Carl Johan Ekman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3770-9385\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067999594\",\"display_name\":\"Eva Henje\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5790-0518\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136263130\",\"display_name\":\"Anders Berglund\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063179816\",\"display_name\":\"Mikael Tiger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-8125\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065682565\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Beckman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-1863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125067605\",\"display_name\":\"J O Lundberg\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210217848\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Network Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.12589\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7161294763" }, { "id": 3606, "title": "Exploring the Safety, Acceptability, and Efficacy of Psilocybin Among Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Proof-of-Concept Trial (DREAM LUNG STUDY)", "normalized_title": "exploring the safety acceptability and efficacy of psilocybin among non small cell lung cancer patients with major depressive disorder a proof of concept trial dream lung study", "authors": "Alan Davis", "abstract": "This phase II trial tests the safety and side effects of psilocybin in combination with therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. A cancer diagnosis is life-changing, resulting in significant levels of psychological symptoms, including a combination of depression, anxiety, stress, including feelings of existential distress (i.e., loss of meaning, demoralization, despair). Among all cancer patients, those diagnosed with lung cancer have the highest prevalence of mood disorders, such as depression (up to 40%) leading to profound deterioration in quality of life, prolonged hospital stays, poorer treatment adherence, decreased survival rates, and high rates of suicide (5- and 3-times higher than the general population and other cancer patients, respectively). Psilocybin is substance being studied in the treatment of anxiety or depression in patients with advanced cancer. It is taken from the mushroom Psilocybe mexicana. Psilocybin acts on the brain to cause hallucinations (sights, sounds, smells, tastes, or touches that a person believes to be real but are not real). Psilocybin in combination with therapy may be safe and effective in treating major depressive disorder in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine the safety and acceptability of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in the reduction of depression and the impact of treatment on quality of life, cancer-related stress, and existential distress. OUTLINE: Patients participate in two preparation therapy sessions over 4 hours each on days 7 and 14, then patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) on day 21 and participate in a single dosing therapy session for over 8-10 hours on study. Patients also complete two post-dosing therapy sessions over 2 hours each on days 22 and 28 on study. Patients additionally undergo blood and urine sample collection throughout the study. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 4 and 12 weeks.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-13", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07216404", "keywords": "Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma, Unipolar Depression, Biospecimen Collection, Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Specimen Collection, Counseling, Counseling Intervention, Interview, Psilocybin, [3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate, Survey Administration, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07216404\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3035, "title": "Low doses of psilocybin as adjunct pharmacological treatment to virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder: A study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial.", "normalized_title": "low doses of psilocybin as adjunct pharmacological treatment to virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder a study protocol for a double blind randomized controlled trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Social anxiety disorder is a chronic and disabling condition with limited response to standard therapies. Low-dose psilocybin may enhance the effectiveness of exposure-based treatments by modulating neural circuits associated with fear and avoidance. Virtual reality exposure therapy offers a controlled and individualized platform for intervention. Objective: This phase 2b, double-blind clinical trial (n = 32) investigates feasibility and tolerability of low-dose psilocybin as an adjunct to virtual reality exposure therapy in individuals with social anxiety disorder. Design and Methods: Participants will be randomized to receive either low-dose psilocybin or placebo alongside virtual reality exposure therapy. The primary outcome is the change in social anxiety symptoms, measured by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). The primary endpoint is a Cohen’s d ≥ 0.5 for LSAS reduction in the psilocybin group versus placebo. Secondary outcomes include identification of multimodal biomarkers predictive of treatment response. Neuroimaging (e.g., amygdala reactivity, thalamo-cortical connectivity), psychophysiological (e.g., heart rate variability, galvanic skin response, sleep quality), and behavioral task measures (e.g., Affective Shift Task, Emotional Go/No-Go Task) will be analyzed to stratify participants and predict therapeutic response. Successful biomarker stratification is defined as a significant correlation with LSAS change and classification accuracy >70%. Conclusion: This study will provide proof-of-concept evidence for low-dose psilocybin as an adjunct to virtual reality exposure therapy in social anxiety disorder and evaluate multimodal biomarkers for patient stratification. Positive results will support progression to a larger phase 3 trial and inform precision-based approaches for treatment of social anxiety disorder.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-05-13", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/3b9fx_v1", "keywords": "microdosing, psilocybin, social anxiety, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"3b9fx_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Microdosing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1944, "title": "Ethical Complexities and Best Practices in Informed Consent Processes for Psilocybin Services: A Qualitative Study", "normalized_title": "ethical complexities and best practices in informed consent processes for psilocybin services a qualitative study", "authors": "Christina Chwyl, Alissa Bazinet, Adrianne R. Wilson-Poe, Kim Hoffman, Kellie Pertl, R. Cameron Wolf, P. Todd Korthuis, Jason B. Luoma", "abstract": "Informed consent in psychedelic-assisted services is ethically complex, difficult to implement, and remains largely unstudied and unstandardized. The current study sought expert recommendations on informed consent challenges, best practices and recommendations for supervised psilocybin experiences across various settings. Participants with psilocybin content expertise and psilocybin providers were recruited with purposive sampling. Qualitative interviews on informed consent best practices and recommendations were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Participants (N = 36; 71% white; 53% female) reported providing psilocybin services (64%) for a mean of 15.2 (SD = 13.1) years in clinical trial, underground, or ceremonial settings. Participants viewed informed consent as a process (Theme 1), necessitating a strong therapeutic relationship, centering client empowerment, and occurring as an ongoing process. Potential risks and benefits should be comprehensively conveyed (Theme 2), including potential long-term psychological and social changes from psychedelic use, and the potential for disappointing experiences. Participants specifically recommended detailed consent processes around touch and boundaries (Theme 3), including explicitly establishing boundaries prior to psychedelic administration, maintaining those boundaries throughout, and recognizing subtle non-verbal cues that may indicate lack of true consent. For provider training (Theme 4), participants emphasized cultivating a deep respect for client agency, and experientially learning relational and boundary setting skills. Findings may inform provider training programs, consent practices in varied psychedelic service settings, and improved safety practices.", "journal": "Neuroethics", "publication_date": "2026-05-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s12152-026-09645-5", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-026-09645-5", "keywords": "Best practice, Psilocybin, Qualitative research, Psychology, Informed consent, Neuropsychology, Psychotherapist, Medical education, Engineering ethics, Ethical issues, MEDLINE, Best evidence, Best interests, CLARITY, Work (physics), Qualitative analysis, Research ethics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160917606\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160917606\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1543380695\",\"https://openalex.org/W1691424746\",\"https://openalex.org/W1949616959\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088693609\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170572063\",\"https://openalex.org/W2199473922\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029961383\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085274948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124618094\",\"https://openalex.org/W3173955184\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197011626\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283075222\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285890909\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296373810\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383334773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388822593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390404690\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390988530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391841842\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394676778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693273\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399780176\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402645543\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406325093\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406325134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406325139\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406325367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406326126\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406633420\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406960487\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412072125\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412488390\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412984573\",\"https://openalex.org/W7155048769\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075422198\",\"display_name\":\"Christina Chwyl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9257-6650\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135928668\",\"display_name\":\"Alissa Bazinet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135963136\",\"display_name\":\"Adrianne R. Wilson-Poe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135986566\",\"display_name\":\"Kim Hoffman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073745691\",\"display_name\":\"Kellie Pertl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0861-3609\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135947024\",\"display_name\":\"R. Cameron Wolf\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135925843\",\"display_name\":\"P. Todd Korthuis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135991594\",\"display_name\":\"Jason B. Luoma\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S112842941\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroethics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-026-09645-5\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160917606" }, { "id": 3490, "title": "A Phase 2b/3, Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Controlled Trial, With an Open Label Extension, to Investigate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of COMP360 in Participants With Post-traumatic Stress Disorder", "normalized_title": "a phase 2b 3 multicentre randomised double blind controlled trial with an open label extension to investigate the efficacy safety and tolerability of comp360 in participants with post traumatic stress disorder", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "The Redefine Study (COMP202) is testing COMP360 to see if it may reduce post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms when administered alongside monitoring and support from a trained study team. COMP360 is a lab-made form of the naturally occurring chemical compound psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07570654", "keywords": "PTSD - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD, PTSD Symptoms, PTSD, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, COMP360 psilocybin, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07570654\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\",\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1945, "title": "Rapid-acting interventions in treatment-resistant depression - a comparative review of esketamine and psilocybin", "normalized_title": "rapid acting interventions in treatment resistant depression a comparative review of esketamine and psilocybin", "authors": "Bartłomiej Kosiarski, Anna Skrzypek, Patrycja Markowicz, Mikołaj Zbrożek, Krzysztof Biłyk, Maciej Hutkowski, Zuzanna Chwostek, Hanna Maruchniak, Wiktoria Marzec, Paulina Biedroń", "abstract": "Introduction and Objective.Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major clinical challenge affecting patients who fail to respond to at least two adequate antidepressant trials.The development of rapid-acting interventions targeting non-monoaminergic pathways has introduced new therapeutic possibilities.The aim of the review is to critically examine intranasal esketamine and psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in TRD, comparing their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, durability of response, and safety profiles.Materials and Method.A narrative review method consisting of a literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases.Randomized controlled trials, phase II-IV clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published primarily within the last eight years were analyzed.Case reports and preclinical studies were excluded.Brief description of the state of knowledge.Esketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has demonstrated rapid antidepressant effects within hours and has received regulatory approval for TRD.While effect sizes are generally modest, relapse prevention has been shown in maintenance trials.Psilocybin, a 5-HT2A receptor agonist administered within a structured psychotherapeutic framework, has shown promising antidepressant effects in early-phase trials, including a large phase IIb study, with sustained improvement following limited dosing.However, its evidence base remains constrained by methodological challenges and limited long-term data.Summary.Both agents converge on neuroplasticity-related mechanisms yet differ substantially in clinical implementation.Esketamine is an approved rapid-acting option for TRD, whereas psilocybin remains investigational.Further adequately powered trials and long-term safety data are required to define their roles within evolving treatment paradigms.", "journal": "Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research", "publication_date": "2026-05-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.26444/jpccr/221219", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/221219", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Psychological intervention, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive disorder, Anxiety, MEDLINE, Depressive symptoms, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160910785\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160910785\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124992076\",\"display_name\":\"Bartłomiej Kosiarski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136000378\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Skrzypek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6771-3186\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124981381\",\"display_name\":\"Patrycja Markowicz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006502767\",\"display_name\":\"Mikołaj Zbrożek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125011428\",\"display_name\":\"Krzysztof Biłyk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125059894\",\"display_name\":\"Maciej Hutkowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125072333\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Chwostek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124993719\",\"display_name\":\"Hanna Maruchniak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135973834\",\"display_name\":\"Wiktoria Marzec\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6395-6263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125013949\",\"display_name\":\"Paulina Biedroń\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764897176\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/221219\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160910785" }, { "id": 113, "title": "Efficacy and Safety of a Single Dose of Psilocybin for Chronic Suicidal Ideation", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of a single dose of psilocybin for chronic suicidal ideation", "authors": "Andrew van der Vaart, Jeffrey LaPratt, Kimberly Swartz, Audrey Shoultz, Margo Lauterbach, Trisha Suppes, Harold A. Sackeïm, Scott T. Aaronson", "abstract": "To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and durability of a single 25-mg dose of a proprietary, synthetic formulation of psilocybin with psychological support for reducing chronic suicidal ideation in a treatment-resistant population. ), and ≥2 prior antidepressant treatment failures received a single 25-mg dose of psilocybin administered within a structured preparatory and integration psychotherapy protocol. The primary outcome was change from baseline in the Modified Scale for Suicidal Ideation (MSSI) at week 3. Secondary outcomes included change in MSSI at weeks 1 and 12 and change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores at weeks 1, 3, and 12. Outcomes were analyzed using 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons. = 1.63-1.97). No serious adverse events occurred. In this open-label single-arm study of adults with chronic suicidal ideation and prior treatment failures, a single administration of psilocybin with psychological support was associated with rapid, large-magnitude, and durable reductions in suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms through 12 weeks. These preliminary findings support further evaluation in larger randomized controlled trials. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05220410.", "journal": "The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-05-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.4088/jcp.26m16338", "pubmed_id": "42138588", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.26m16338", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Suicidal ideation, Medicine, Psychiatry, Poison control, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Suicide prevention, Human factors and ergonomics, Depression (economics), MEDLINE, Psychology, Injury prevention, Paroxetine, Clinical trial, Psychotherapist, Occupational safety and health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160906477\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160906477\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026620795\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew van der Vaart\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093433058\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey LaPratt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112139669\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Swartz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054892136\",\"display_name\":\"Audrey Shoultz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135921394\",\"display_name\":\"Margo Lauterbach\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135924331\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021365968\",\"display_name\":\"Harold A. Sackeïm\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-4553\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135997839\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S17992710\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.26m16338\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160906477" }, { "id": 3022, "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in the Management of Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review", "normalized_title": "safety and efficacy of psilocybin in the management of treatment resistant depression a systematic review", "authors": "Walters CK, Chetty S, Rants’o TA, Gossayn S, Lerotholi LJ.", "abstract": "Abstract Background: Conventional pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has been found to provide limited benefit in a subset of patients. Psilocybin-assisted therapy has emerged as a promising modality due to its rapid-acting antidepressant effects and favourable tolerability profile shown in early trials. Despite growing research interest in psilocybin-assisted therapy the evidence for its use remains fragmented. Aim: To systematically review the evidence on the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in adults with TRD. Methods: This review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) and JBI Manual for Systematic Reviews of Effectiveness. PubMed ®, MEDLINE ®, the Cochrane Collaboration's CENTRAL ® trials registry, PsycINFO ® and EMBASE ® were searched between 2014 and 2025 for clinical trials and observational studies that met the inclusion criteria for psilocybin versus other antidepressants for TRD. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklists were used to assess the quality of the clinical trials. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD420251063913) Results: Six trials met the inclusion criteria. Psilocybin showed promising results in lowering depressive scores in participants with TRD. Common adverse events included anxiety, nausea, headache, fatigue and suicidal ideation. No serious safety concerns or cases of physiological toxicity were identified. Study limitations included small sample sizes, open-label designs, and heterogeneous psychotherapy protocols. Conclusions: Psilocybin as a novel therapy for TRD demonstrates promising efficacy and tolerability safety profile. Nonetheless, current evidence remains preliminary, and larger, methodologically robust randomized trials are needed to confirm efficacy, optimize dosing, and standardize psychological support frameworks.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-05-10", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9283280/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9283280/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1188752\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3570, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin Therapy Compared to Low-dose Control in Reducing Depressive Symptoms in Patients With COPD, ALS, MS, or APD.", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy compared to low dose control in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with copd als ms or apd", "authors": "University Medical Center Groningen", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether psilocybin therapy can effectively treat depression and psychological distress in adult patients with COPD, ALS, MS, or APD who have at least 6 months life expectancy. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Can psilocybin therapy safely reduce depressive symptoms compared to low-dose control? * Will the therapeutic effects be rapid and sustained over a 6-month period? Researchers will compare patients receiving two escalating doses of psilocybin (15mg followed by 25mg) against those receiving two low doses (1mg) to see if the higher doses lead to greater improvements in depression, anxiety, demoralization, and quality of life. Participants will: * Attend three preparation sessions with psychotherapists (1-2 hours each) * Undergo two supervised psilocybin dosing sessions (6-8 hours each) * Complete five integration therapy sessions following the dosing sessions * Participate in follow-up assessments at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months * Have access to a digital care platform and peer support groups during the 6-month follow-up period * Optional: Control group participants may receive one high-dose psilocybin session (25mg) after the initial study period Rationale Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), or atypical and advanced Parkinsonian disorder (APD) often suffer from severe psychological distress with demoralization and death anxiety, which may culminate in to depressive disorder. Treatments of depression in palliative care currently involves psychotherapy and/or the use of antidepressants. However, these treatments have shown limited efficacy which urgently calls for new and innovative approaches. In recent years, a number of studies have shown very promising results of psilocybin therapy in alleviating psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer. The current study (PsyPal) aims to evaluate whether psilocybin therapy can also lead to rapid and sustained decreases in depressive symptoms, demoralization and other facets of psychological distress in patients who suffer from COPD, ALS, MS and APD. Objective The primary objective of the PsyPal study is to assess the safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy compared to low-dose control in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with COPD, ALS, MS, or APD. Secondary objectives of PsyPal are to assess change in clinical functioning, end-of-life anxiety, psychological/existential distress, health-related quality of life, and how it impacts caregiver 's health- and economic burden. The safety objective of PsyPal is to evaluate the difference in adverse events between high and low dose groups before, during and after the dosing session. Exploratory objectives include the investigation of psychological mechanism, subjective effects, biomarkers (EEG and blood-based), cost-effectiveness, and the usefulness of a digital care platform, with a mixed methods approach. Main trial endpoints The main trial endpoint for PsyPal is the change in depression severity from baseline to 6 weeks after the second dose of psilocybin (high dose session). Adverse events and change in depression symptoms will also be assessed at 3- and 6-month follow-up to determine the safety and sustained effects of psilocybin therapy. Secondary trial endpoints Secondary trial endpoints will be assessed at baseline and 6 weeks after the second dose of psilocybin. These include response rate, anxiety, demoralization, health-related quality of life, experiential avoidance, coping with illness, death anxiety, the wish to hasten death, self-compassion, spirituality, attachment, pain, healthcare resource use, blood-based biomarkers, and functional brain changes. Some secondary endpoints will also be assessed at the 3- and 6-month follow-up, including anxiety, demoralization, health-related quality of life, experiential avoidance, and coping with illness. These endpoints aim to improve our understanding of the effects of psilocybin therapy, how psilocybin therapy works, and to see which patients show the best response. Finally, changes in (religious/spiritual) beliefs/understandings and the experience(s) with psilocybin therapy will be assessed through in-depth qualitative interviews with patients that are conducted 6 weeks after the second dose of psilocybin. Trial design PsyPal trial consists of a double-blind randomized low-dose controlled clinical trial with long term follow-up. Patients who are enrolled in the trial will be actively participating for ten weeks. After the primary endpoint, patients who received a low dose of psilocybin (1 mg) will be offered an optional single open label high-dose of psilocybin (25mg) together with three integration sessions. During long-term follow-up, patients will have access to a digital care platform and peer support groups. Trial population The trial population in PsyPal consists of patients with COPD, ALS, MS, or APD and co-morbid depression. The main further inclusion criteria for participation are an age of 18 or higher, having an identified caregiver or support person, and a life expectancy of at least 6 months. The main exclusion criteria are current use of antipsychotic drugs, suicidal ideations, schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, bipolar I/II disorder, other major neurological conditions, cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, and/or moderate to severe hepatic impairment (i.e., liver failure). Other exclusion criteria are a first-degree relative on the schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, or bipolar I disorder. Interventions Patients will receive psilocybin therapy consisting of three phases; 1) preparation, 2) dosing, and 3) integration: Preparation - The preparation phase consists of three psychotherapy sessions of 1-2 hours each. The purpose of these sessions is threefold: to build a therapeutic alliance between the patient and the therapist, to make a psychotherapeutic treatment plan for the patient using a process-based approach, and to educate patients about psilocybin's acute effects and how patients and therapists together can handle difficult experiences during the dosing sessions. Dosing - The dosing phase of PsyPal starts 1-3 days after the last preparation session. It consists of two escalating dosing sessions of 6-8 hours each. The patient first receives a moderate dose of psilocybin (15mg). Two weeks later, the patient receives a high dose of psilocybin (25mg). Patients in the control group will receive two doses of psilocybin (1mg). All dosing sessions take place under supervision of two trained therapists within a treatment room specifically designed for psilocybin therapy and with a medical doctor on call. Integration - The integration phase consists of five psychotherapeutic sessions of 1-2 hours each. There are two integration sessions following the first dosing session and three integration sessions following the second dosing session. The integration sessions are intended for further psychotherapeutic work, including working with the experience(s) that may have emerged during dosing sessions, and clinical assessment of the patient. Central topics may include the relationship with their life-limiting illness, death, meaning, sense of purpose, personal (religious/spiritual) beliefs, (social) relationships, and conflict resolution. The patient can also share thoughts and feelings about the PsyPal trial. Long-term follow-up After the intervention, patients will be returned to regular care and followed for a period of 6 months, tracking usage of healthcare resources, the digital care platform, and peer support groups. Qualitative aspects of the intervention will be evaluated for patients, caregivers and therapists. Long-term safety data of psilocybin therapy will be collected for the four patient populations.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-07", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06782724", "keywords": "COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis), MS (Multiple Sclerosis), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Atypical Parkinson Disease, Psilocybin therapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06782724\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3496, "title": "Does Psilocybin Require Psychedelic Effects to Treat Depression? A4-Week, Double-Blind, Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial", "normalized_title": "does psilocybin require psychedelic effects to treat depression a4 week double blind proof of concept randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychotherapy in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. In healthy volunteers, the psychedelic effects of psilocybin have been shown to be blocked by administration of serotonin (5HT)2A receptor antagonists such as risperidone. The purpose of this \"double dummy\" proof-of-concept trial is to evaluate whether psilocybin's antidepressant effects are dependent on its psychedelic effects. Sixty participants with treatment-resistant depression will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1) Psilocybin 25 mg plus risperidone 1 mg; 2) Psilocybin 25 mg plus placebo; and 3) Placebo plus risperidone 1 mg. The investigator's hypothesize that the combination of psilocybin and risperidone will be well tolerated, safe, and will block the psychedelic effects of psilocybin in patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. This study is a three-arm, 4-week, double blind, proof-of concept RCT for investigating psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) administered with risperidone in treating TRD. This three-arm \"double dummy\" design allows for an assessment of risperidone's anti-psychedelic effects, while allowing for an assessment of psilocybin's antidepressant effects alone and combined with risperidone, compared to an \"active placebo\" (i.e. placebo plus risperidone 1 mg). Overview of Study Design: A study team member will obtain informed consent from interested participants prior to study activities being initiated. Following this, participants will undergo a screening assessment where they will complete lab tests, and clinical and psychiatric assessments to determine eligibility. Following the screening visit, eligible participants will undergo a washout period where they will be tapered off concomitant medication over a period of 4 to 6 weeks. The length of the tapering period will depend on the type of medication the participant is being tapered off (based on the half-life of the medication) and the participant's preference for the length of the tapering period. Most medications will require a minimum of a 2-week tapering period before the baseline, with the exception of fluoxetine, which will require a minimum of 4-weeks. Additional time may be added at the discretion of the study investigator. During the tapering period, the study psychiatrist will see participants weekly (V1a, V1b, etc.) for at least 4 weeks to monitor for withdrawal and worsening of depressive symptoms and suicidality. Suicidality will be closely monitored using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Participants and their family members/carers will be educated on the signs and symptoms of worsening depression and suicidality and will be given contact details of the study team in case of major decline in mental state. At the Baseline visit (V2), which occurs the day before the dosing session, participants will complete clinical measures, and undergo a preparatory session (up to 4 hours) with the study therapists. These sessions will build a therapeutic alliance, provide psychoeducation about, and set intentions for, the psilocybin session. To reduce participant burden, baseline can be broken up into multiple days, however all assessments must be completed within 7-days of the intervention. Ideally, baseline occurs the day before the intervention is administered. The psilocybin session (Day 0 \\[V3\\]) will last 5 to 6 hours and will be conducted in the existing psychedelic treatment suite developed at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Mood Disorder Service by Dr. Husain (PI). Two trained study therapists will be supporting each participant during the dosing session. Participants will receive psilocybin 25 mg plus risperidone 1 mg, or psilocybin 25 mg plus placebo, or placebo plus risperidone 1 mg. All participants will receive 10 hours of manualized supportive psychotherapy (which includes the 5-6 hour dosing session). After 5 hours of dose administration, participants will be evaluated for safety by the study psychiatrist and discharged home in the company of a caregiver or a family member. After the dosing session, participants will be seen for two 1-hour integration sessions (Day 1 \\[V4\\], Week 1 \\[V5\\]). Thereafter, participants will be followed-up after 2 \\[V6\\], 3 \\[V7\\] and 4 weeks \\[V8\\] post-dosing (see Figure 1). A study psychiatrist will be available throughout the duration of the RCT to respond to any concerns or changes in mental/physical state. Participants will not start other interventions for MDD during the study.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05710237", "keywords": "Treatment-resistant Depression, Psilocybin 25 mg, Risperidone 1 MG, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05710237\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1947, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Depressive Disorders: Efficacy, Safety, and Persistence of Clinical Effects - A Narrative Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy in depressive disorders efficacy safety and persistence of clinical effects a narrative review", "authors": "Kinga Zachar, Maksymilian Sito, Filip Jurkowski, Łukasz Wójcik, Natalia Gawron, Hubert Tomasz Bojanowski, Aleksandra Dobracka, Zuzanna Marczak, Monika Jarowicz, Jędrzej Czmyr", "abstract": "Introduction and purpose: Depressive disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD), remain major causes of disability worldwide. Conventional treatments are limited by delayed onset, incomplete response, relapse, and adverse effects. This review summarizes current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and durability of psilocybin-assisted therapy in depressive disorders. Brief description of the state of knowledge: Evidence from randomized trials, open-label studies, follow-up analyses, and meta-analyses indicates that psilocybin-assisted therapy can produce rapid reductions in depressive symptoms, often within days, in carefully selected patients treated in controlled settings. Short-term benefits have been reported in both MDD and TRD, although findings in TRD are less consistent. In a head-to-head trial, psilocybin was not superior to escitalopram on the primary endpoint, while several secondary outcomes favored psilocybin. Follow-up studies suggest that benefits may persist for weeks to months, but longer-term evidence remains limited and heterogeneous. Under supervision, psilocybin was generally well tolerated, with mostly transient adverse effects, including anxiety, nausea, headache, dizziness, and brief cardiovascular activation. Summary: Psilocybin-assisted therapy appears to be a promising investigational approach for depressive disorders, with rapid onset and possible medium-term benefit in some patients. However, the evidence base remains limited by small samples, heterogeneous designs, restricted comparative data, and delivery in specialized settings. Larger and longer-term studies are needed to clarify comparative efficacy, durability, long-term safety, and feasibility in routine clinical practice.", "journal": "Journal of Education Health and Sport", "publication_date": "2026-05-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.12775/jehs.2026.91.70672", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2026.91.70672", "keywords": "Major depressive disorder, Escitalopram, Narrative review, Persistence (discontinuity), Depression (economics), Adverse effect, Medicine, Psychiatry, Depressive symptoms, Randomized controlled trial, Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Systematic review, MEDLINE, Meta-analysis, Placebo, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychotherapist, Evidence-based medicine, Intensive care medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160694792\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160694792\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130856364\",\"display_name\":\"Kinga Zachar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029490084\",\"display_name\":\"Maksymilian Sito\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130867938\",\"display_name\":\"Filip Jurkowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135762224\",\"display_name\":\"Łukasz Wójcik\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1516-3478\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037631537\",\"display_name\":\"Natalia Gawron\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6052-1946\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133327046\",\"display_name\":\"Hubert Tomasz Bojanowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6899-6914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130834411\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Dobracka\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030096899\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Marczak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9539-9255\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5118987347\",\"display_name\":\"Monika Jarowicz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092030361\",\"display_name\":\"Jędrzej Czmyr\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-5322\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737571363\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Education Health and Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2026.91.70672\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160694792" }, { "id": 127, "title": "Psilocybin in the Treatment of Cocaine Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the treatment of cocaine use disorder", "authors": "Peter S. Hendricks, Sara Lappan, Richard C. Shelton, Adrienne C. Lahti, Karen L. Cropsey, Matthew W. Johnson, Melissa Bradley, Otto Simonsson, Lori L. Davis, Daniel H. Grossman, Cynthia E. Ortiz", "abstract": "Importance: Cocaine use disorder is a serious public health problem and no medications have been proven effective for its treatment. Objective: To evaluate psilocybin in the treatment of cocaine use disorder. It was hypothesized that psilocybin, compared with placebo, would yield a higher percentage of cocaine abstinent days, a greater likelihood of complete abstinence from cocaine, and a greater latency to first cocaine lapse through 180 days after end of treatment. Design, Setting, and Participants: Randomized, quadruple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial at a major medical research center in the Deep South of the US. Participants were individuals with cocaine use disorder who were motivated to quit and without significant comorbidities, recruited between May 2015 and August 2023 with data collection completed in May 2024. Interventions: Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive a single oral dose of psilocybin (25 mg per 70 kg of body weight) or active placebo (100 mg diphenhydramine). All participants received manualized psychotherapy that incorporated cognitive-behavioral treatment approximately 1 month before and 1 month after an all-day investigational drug treatment session. Main Outcomes and Measures: Percentage of cocaine abstinent days, rates of complete cocaine abstinence, and time to first cocaine lapse through 180 days after end of treatment, assessed by timeline followback interview and confirmed with urinalysis. Hypotheses were formulated before data collection and analyses followed intention-to-treat principles. Results: Of the 40 participants, 33 (82.5%) were men, the median (IQR) age was 50.0 (43.8-56.0) years, 33 (82.5%) were Black, and 7 (17.5%) were White. Most participants had lower socioeconomic status, with 26 participants (65%) having an annual income of $20 000 or less. Four participants were lost to follow-up, resulting in 36 participants who completed assessments through 180 days after end of treatment. Psilocybin recipients had a higher percentage of cocaine abstinent days (β = 28.95; 95% CI, 18.22-39.67; P", "journal": "JAMA Network Open", "publication_date": "2026-05-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.11029", "pubmed_id": "42096204", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.11029", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Abstinence, Cocaine dependence, Cocaine use, Placebo, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Stimulant, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, Substance abuse, Adverse effect, Young adult, Alcohol use disorder, Addiction, Analysis of variance, Anesthesia, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160534089\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160534089\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1584365622\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984486655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987027845\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989789611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013416277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017152382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018820143\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027462039\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035126508\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050266605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079140185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088785539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107899339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2280637367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2609037098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800619177\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952695707\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001993019\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157239742\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210930773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220895732\",\"https://openalex.org/W4245872552\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280579129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362507376\",\"https://openalex.org/W4375852011\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399497774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401774886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403320347\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408345055\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409483458\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410309291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412738512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413257359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414083606\",\"https://openalex.org/W7134891055\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004506349\",\"display_name\":\"Peter S. Hendricks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090928571\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Lappan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0956-3702\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101995217\",\"display_name\":\"Richard C. Shelton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4054-9906\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135567726\",\"display_name\":\"Adrienne C. Lahti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-7662\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040663799\",\"display_name\":\"Karen L. Cropsey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6921-3440\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135541930\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088441598\",\"display_name\":\"Melissa Bradley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070434156\",\"display_name\":\"Otto Simonsson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-7566\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031284323\",\"display_name\":\"Lori L. Davis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026664487\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel H. Grossman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063009369\",\"display_name\":\"Cynthia E. Ortiz\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210217848\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Network Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.11029\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160534089" }, { "id": 3620, "title": "A Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of up to Two Doses of Psilocybin for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder in Adults With Cancer", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 randomized double blind placebo controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of up to two doses of psilocybin for the treatment of major depressive disorder in adults with cancer", "authors": "Sunstone Medical", "abstract": "This is a Phase 2, single-center study to explore the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of up to two 25-mg doses of psilocybin administered at an interval of 9 to 10 weeks in patients with MDD and cancer. This two-part study will administer a fixed dose (25 mg) of psilocybin in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled portion (Dosing Session 1) and subsequently allow rollover into an open-label portion (Dosing Session 2; fixed dose of psilocybin, 25 mg) for patients who do not achieve remission of MDD symptoms after the first dose. In Dosing Session 1, groups of two to four patients will be randomized, as a cohort, to receive either psilocybin 25 mg or niacin 100 mg (active placebo) in a group session, with each patient supported by their dedicated study therapist and monitored by a second therapist via video feed. In Dosing Session 2, all eligible participants (i.e., patients who have not achieved remission defined as MADRS \\< 10 at V7) will receive psilocybin 25 mg in an open-label fashion using the group session model. The study population will include adult men and women who are 18 years of age or older and have diagnoses of both MDD and a malignant neoplasm. MDD is defined as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for a single or recurrent episode of MDD without psychotic features. A diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm is defined as having a diagnostic code from C00 to C97 according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10). Participants will be recruited through referrals from specialized psychiatric and oncology services as well as through patient self-referrals. The majority of participants will have no prior exposure to psilocybin or so-called \"magic mushrooms\"; however, participants with prior recreational experience with psilocybin or \"magic mushrooms\" are eligible.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05947383", "keywords": "Cancer, Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Placebo, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05947383\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3613, "title": "Induction Protocol for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD): A Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "induction protocol for psilocybin assisted therapy in treatment resistant depression trd a pilot study", "authors": "University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to test how well psilocybin-assisted therapy works in treating people with depression. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Does psilocybin with assisted therapy help improve symptoms for people with depression? * How long do the effects of this treatment last? Participants will: * Take part in a couple of screening and preparation visits. * Be given psilocybin in one or two treatment sessions. * Attend a series of follow-up sessions over the following year. * Complete forms and surveys to test how their symptoms have changed and what they thought of their experience. Researchers will also compare whether one treatment or two treatments help improve symptoms more for participants. Major depressive disorder (MDD) ranks fourth in global disease burden and has significant morbidity, mortality, societal and financial costs. However, few adequate and effective treatments exist with 60% of MDD patients not responding sufficiently to an initial oral antidepressant treatment. These patients who experience treatment resistant depression (TRD), defined as an intolerance or lack of response to two antidepressants of different classes, have limited treatment options beyond the antidepressant treatments that often yield insufficient results or relapse. Psilocybin, a novel treatment, has been found to relieve symptoms of TRD, but there are limited studies on specific dosing and long term treatment follow-up. In this study, the investigators will look closer at the effectiveness of one treatment with psilocybin versus two treatments with psilocybin, as well as the long term effectiveness over the first 12 months after treatment.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06303739", "keywords": "Refractory Depression, Treatment Resistant Depression, psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06303739\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3536, "title": "A Phase 2 Randomized Study Examining the Safety, Feasibility, and Effectiveness of Masking Psilocybin Therapy With General Anesthesia in Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 randomized study examining the safety feasibility and effectiveness of masking psilocybin therapy with general anesthesia in major depressive disorder", "authors": "Stanford University", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects millions of Americans and remains difficult to treat. Psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, has shown promise for reducing depression symptoms, but a key challenge in psychedelic research is that participants can usually tell whether they received the active drug - making it hard to conduct fully blinded studies. This study (Studying Psilocybin with Anesthesia Controlled by EEG \\[SPACE\\]) tests a new approach: administering psilocybin while participants are under general anesthesia, so that the noticeable psychological effects of psilocybin are masked. This allows both participants and outcome assessors to remain unaware of whether psilocybin or placebo was given, improving the scientific rigor of the research. Participants with MDD will be randomly assigned to receive either psilocybin or placebo across four dosing sessions conducted under general anesthesia. The study will assess whether this approach is safe and feasible, and will collect early data on whether it may reduce depression symptoms. Participants will receive four dosing sessions spaced one week apart. Each session involves taking an oral capsule containing either psilocybin (10 mg or 25 mg) or placebo, followed by general anesthesia with propofol. All sessions take place at Stanford Hospital under the supervision of a board-certified anesthesiologist. Between and after sessions, participants complete questionnaires about mood, sleep, wellbeing, and anxiety. Participants may also wear a consumer-grade EEG headband at home to track sleep patterns. The total study duration per participant is approximately 7 weeks, across around 25 visits, most of which are conducted remotely. Psilocybin is not FDA-approved and is administered under an FDA Investigational New Drug (IND) authorization for research purposes only.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07479550", "keywords": "Major Depression, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), Propofol, Placebo, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07479550\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3577, "title": "A One-Year Observational Follow-up Study of Participants With Major Depressive Disorder Following a Randomized, Double-Blind Single-Dose of Psilocybin or Niacin-Control", "normalized_title": "a one year observational follow up study of participants with major depressive disorder following a randomized double blind single dose of psilocybin or niacin control", "authors": "Usona Institute", "abstract": "This is a Phase 2 double-blind, long-term observational follow-up study of participants from Study PSIL201. Participants providing informed consent were enrolled into this study and completed web surveys and telephone interviews conducted by one central site at the following time intervals: months 3 and 6 (± 7 days for each assessment) and months 10 and 12 (± 14 days for each assessment).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04353921", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, No intervention will be administered as part of this study., TERMINATED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04353921\",\"overall_status\":\"TERMINATED\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3559, "title": "A Phase 2 Sequential Dose-Finding Study of Preparation for Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for Healthcare Clinicians With Loss of Meaning in Their Work and Symptoms of Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 sequential dose finding study of preparation for group retreat psilocybin therapy for healthcare clinicians with loss of meaning in their work and symptoms of depression", "authors": "University of Washington", "abstract": "In this single-arm Phase 2 study, the researchers are assessing the feasibility of the group retreat format for clinicians and explores different 'doses' of preparation. A sequential dose-escalation design is used. The study will recruit healthcare clinicians (physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants) aged 25-70 years currently in clinical practice with moderate or greater symptoms of depression and loss of meaning during the past 5 years. Each participant will be in a group cohort of 8, and 3 cohorts will be tested at each dose level. The objectives are safety, feasibility, mechanism testing, and outcomes. This is a single-arm study that examines the feasibility of the group retreat format for clinicians and explores different 'doses' of preparation. Population: Healthcare clinicians (physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants) aged 25-70 years currently in clinical practice with moderate or greater symptoms of depression (PHQ-9 ≥10) and loss of meaning during the past 5 years. Study Design: Phase 2, non-randomized, sequential cohort dose-escalation study examining the optimal number of preparation sessions for group retreat psilocybin therapy. Three cohorts will receive different \"doses\" of preparation: Cohort 1 receives 7 total preparation sessions (6 virtual + 1 in-person), Cohort 2 receives 4 total preparation sessions (3 virtual + 1 in-person), and Cohort 3 receives 2 total preparation sessions (1 virtual + 1 in-person). Each cohort includes 3 retreats with 8 participants per retreat. Sample Size: 72 participants total (24 per cohort, distributed across 3 retreats of 8 participants each) Study Duration: 18-24 months from enrollment of first participant to completion of final data analysis. Individual participant involvement spans approximately 8-10 months including 6-month post-retreat follow-up. Primary Objectives: (1) Safety: Assess incidence and severity of challenging experiences and adverse events across preparation dose levels using the Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ), adverse event monitoring, and psychiatric symptom scales (PHQ-9, GAD-7, C-SSRS). (2) Feasibility: Determine completion rates for preparation sessions at each dose level. Secondary Objectives: (1) Mechanism Testing: Examine relationship between preparation dose, group cohesion, and challenging experiences. (2) Clinical Outcomes: Explore effects on depression and burnout for future power calculations. (3) Participant Preference: Assess participant-reported optimal preparation length. Summary: Psilocybin therapy has demonstrated promising efficacy for symptoms of depression related to frontline work during the COVID pandemic for clinicians. The group retreat format offers potential advantages over individual treatment, including enhanced accessibility, reduced cost per participant, and potential therapeutic benefits from group cohesion and shared experience. However, a critical unanswered question concerns the optimal number of preparation sessions. A sequential dose-finding design is appropriate because: (1) the dose-response curve for preparation sessions in group format is unknown; (2) attrition/completion rate is a critical feasibility outcome, particularly for time-constrained healthcare clinicians; (3) the design allows protocol refinement between cohorts based on emerging data; (4) this approach is more scientifically honest about genuine uncertainty regarding optimal preparation dose than premature randomization; and (5) it seeks to establish a minimum effective dose of preparation for practical feasibility and future scalability.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07565909", "keywords": "Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07565909\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 120, "title": "Prevalence and Reasons for Microdosing Cannabis, Psilocybin, LSD, and MDMA Among U.S. Adults", "normalized_title": "prevalence and reasons for microdosing cannabis psilocybin lsd and mdma among u s adults", "authors": "Kevin H. Yang, Nora Satybaldiyeva, Wayne Kepner, Joseph Friedman, Siyuan Ping, Eric C. Leas", "abstract": "", "journal": "American Journal of Preventive Medicine", "publication_date": "2026-05-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.amepre.2026.108381", "pubmed_id": "42092643", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2026.108381", "keywords": "MDMA, Medicine, MEDLINE, Psychiatry, Young adult, Drug, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, Clinical trial, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160017394\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160017394\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044401296\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin H. Yang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1451-258X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135128879\",\"display_name\":\"Nora Satybaldiyeva\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3774-791X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130647149\",\"display_name\":\"Wayne Kepner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135225059\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Friedman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135108673\",\"display_name\":\"Siyuan Ping\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125212594\",\"display_name\":\"Eric C. Leas\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S195759676\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Preventive Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2026.108381\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160017394" }, { "id": 3537, "title": "Computationally, Electrophysiologically, and Qualitatively Characterizing Serotonergic Psychedelics; Transdiagnostic Therapeutic and Pro-Psychotic Effects", "normalized_title": "computationally electrophysiologically and qualitatively characterizing serotonergic psychedelics transdiagnostic therapeutic and pro psychotic effects", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "This is an observational study which does NOT directly administer a psychedelic substance but rather recruits participants who are already participating in another clinical trial in which they may receive a serotonergic psychedelic. The goal of this observational study is to learn how the brain's information processing changes during and following administration of serotonergic psychedelics (psilocybin, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine/DMT, Lystergic Acid Diethylamide/LSD, etc.) for people with and without mental illness receiving serotonergic psychedelics through any clinical trial at Yale University. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Do serotonergic psychedelics cause the brain to rely on new information more than previously learned information while under the influence? What about 1 day, 5-14 days, and 4-6 weeks after use? 2. Do serotonergic psychedelics cause long-lasting side-effects in how people perceive (see, hear, feel, etc.) the world and how easily people change their beliefs? 3. How does the brain's electrical activity change after using serotonergic psychedelics? How does the balance between excitation and inhibition change while under their effect? 4. Can changes in how the brain uses information predict who will benefit from a psychedelic and who will have side effects from psychedelics? Researchers will compare with people given placebos to see what changes in brain processing are unique to serotonergic psychedelics. Participants will have the opportunity to do some combination of the following: 1. Online computer assessments consisting of games and questionnaires that probe how participants think. 2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) or electroencephalography (EEG) with eyes closed and with repeated clicks, images, or sensations delivered. 3. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. 4. Semi-structured qualitative interviews about their experience after taking a serotonergic psychedelic recorded via Zoom. Mounting evidence suggests that serotonergic psychedelics (SPs; eg. psilocybin, LSD) reduce symptoms across many mental illnesses with rapid, sustained effects from single interventions. They also cause persisting, positive effects in the general population and those without mental illness. This improved wellness comes at the cost of acute psychosis-like effects, that sometimes persist in weakened forms or, rarely, as prolonged episodes of psychosis. Understanding the mechanism underlying these dual effects may help maximize therapeutic effect and minimize unwanted outcomes. The reason SPs cause therapeutic change and also cause psychotic-like effects regardless of whether one has a mental illness may be because they alter the basic machinery that the brain uses to process all information. SPs seem to shift processing-in both how we perceive (seeing, hearing, etc.) and learn-to rely more on new, incoming information over previously learned information. Essentially, SPs shift the brain into an extreme learning mode that allows it to modify harmful thought patterns associated with many mental illnesses, but that may also be similar to the brain states of early psychosis. Participants in this study will opt-in to complete various measures to be completed before, during, and after being administered a serotonergic psychedelic through a clinical trial at Yale University. How participant's brains process information will be assessed by: 1. Playing 3-4 computer games that measure how people see, hear, and learn. These will be completed 1-30 days before receiving the serotonergic psychedelic, the day they receive the serotonergic psychedelic (once psychologically acceptable and permitted by relevant trial researchers), the day after, 5-14 days after, and 4-6 weeks after. 2. MEG or EEG to measure the brain activity responsible for representing new vs. old information-and structural MRI to determine where the activity is coming from. The MEG/EEG will be done the day before, day of, and day after administration of the serotonergic psychedelic. The MRI can be done before, after, or during the trial. They behaviors that accompany these changes will be assessed by: 1. Validated, online questionnaires at the same time points as the computer games. 2. Semi-structured interviews about what participants' day-to-day experiences are like and how they have changed after taking a serotonergic psychedelic. These may be done 2-5 days after using a psychedelic, or at the same time that clinical trial staff do their interviews. Participants participating in a trial with single-arm placebo-controlled study design that includes a placebo arm may only complete these measures around a placebo administration. Those in a trial with a crossover design may complete these measures twice (except for day 1-30 and 4-6 week time points). Those opting to complete open-label administrations after study completion may complete relevant time points. The primary objectives are to: 1. Investigate how serotonergic psychedelics change brain reliance on new vs. old information in perception and belief-updating while under the influence. 2. Investigate how serotonergic psychedelic change brain reliance on new vs. old information in perception and belief updating at short and long-term follow-up. 3. Investigate whether serotonergic psychedelics cause side effects in people's perception, attention, and belief updating that are both healthy and psychosis-like. 4. Investigate how serotonergic psychedelics acutely alter excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance in the brain. 5. Investigate whether there are any persisting changes in resting state EEG power or E/I balance. The secondary objectives are to: 1. Investigate whether changes in brain information processing can explain therapeutic effects of serotonergic psychedelics. 2. Investigate whether changes in brain information processing can predict who will respond positively to serotonergic psychedelics. 3. Investigate whether changes in brain information processing can explain psychotic-like side effects of serotonergic psychedelics. 4. Investigate whether changes in brain information processing can predict who will have stronger psychotic-like side effects from serotonergic psychedelics. 5. Investigate whether acute or persisting changes in E/I balance predict therapeutic or psychotic effects of serotonergic psychedelics.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06624137", "keywords": "OCD, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), Healthy Volunteer, Migraine, PTSD, PTSD - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Addiction, Tobacco Use Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Opioid Use Disorder, Serotonergic Psychedelic, Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06624137\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Aging,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Healthy Volunteers,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3004, "title": "Sa1731 A PILOT STUDY OF OPEN-LABEL PSILOCYBIN-ASSISTED THERAPY IN TREATMENT-REFRACTORY IBS", "normalized_title": "sa1731 a pilot study of open label psilocybin assisted therapy in treatment refractory ibs", "authors": "Erin Mauney, Juliana Zambrano, Jenna Clukey, Helen Burton-Murray, Michael Datko, Vitaly Napadow, Braden Kuo, Franklin King", "abstract": "", "journal": "Gastrointestinal Endoscopy", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/s0016-5107(26)04363-4", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5107(26)04363-4", "keywords": "Medicine, MEDLINE, Internal medicine, Physical therapy, Irritable bowel syndrome, Intensive care medicine, Clinical trial, Surgery, Severity of illness, Pilot trial, Gastrointestinal motility and disorders, Celiac Disease Research and Management, Inflammatory Bowel Disease", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160172090\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160172090\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135115493\",\"display_name\":\"Erin Mauney\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002307470\",\"display_name\":\"Juliana Zambrano\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5856-3891\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135196035\",\"display_name\":\"Jenna Clukey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135099770\",\"display_name\":\"Helen Burton-Murray\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135233314\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Datko\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135167162\",\"display_name\":\"Vitaly Napadow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135108841\",\"display_name\":\"Braden Kuo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114395867\",\"display_name\":\"Franklin King\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4928-7873\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S28527816\",\"source_display_name\":\"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5107(26)04363-4\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160172090" }, { "id": 1955, "title": "1080 Psilocybin Elicits Non-Linear Night to Night Changes in Sleep Spectral Power", "normalized_title": "1080 psilocybin elicits non linear night to night changes in sleep spectral power", "authors": "Matthew Reid, Eli Weisman, Luis Luna Martinez, William Coon, Frederick Barrett", "abstract": "Abstract Introduction Despite evidence of an acute effect of psilocybin on sleep physiology, its enduring effects beyond the period of acute administration and active metabolism remain unexplored. Within a clinical trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder comorbid with major depressive disorder, we monitored sleep for ten continuous nights (3 pre-dose | 7 post-dose) in participants (N=22) undergoing an open-label psilocybin-dosing session. Methods We obtained two frontal bipolar-derivations (AF7-FPZ & AF8-FPZ) of sleep-EEG to quantify whole-night power spectral density (PSD). Artifactual epochs (30s) were rejected automatically using our validated convolutional neural network (CNN) based sleep-state classifier (‘ezscore-f’) before deriving whole-night PSD (10·log10 μV²/Hz) in canonical bands (SWA: 0.5-2Hz, Delta2: 2-4Hz, Theta: 4-8Hz, Alpha:8-13Hz, Sigma:13-15Hz, beta:18-30Hz) from 30s-windowed multitaper spectral analyses using six orthogonal tapers. Night-to-night (N−2 to N+7) changes in PSD displayed evidence of curvilinear trajectories and were modeled through mixed-effects growth-curve models, using 3rd-degree polynomial spline terms with participant-specific random intercepts. Results Across all models, between-participant variance of random intercepts was small (mean ICC=0.66), indicating consistent baseline spectral levels. SWAPSD, ThetaPSD, and AlphaPSD showed no evidence of systematic change, with all spline terms non-significant (all p>0.15), suggesting stable dynamics across nights. In contrast, Delta2PSD showed low-order curvature, with two natural spline (ns) components reaching significance (ns1: p=0.009; ns2: p=0.042), consistent with an increase in nights following dosing followed by stabilization. SigmaPSD demonstrated a similar pattern, with a significant second-order spline component (p=0.017) and a third-order spline component approaching significance (p=0.067). BetaPSD likewise exhibited a small but detectable nonlinear fluctuation, with a significant second-order spline term (ns2: p=0.024). First-derivative estimates from fitted trajectories suggested that Delta2PSD approached its peak at night-five, and subsequently trended toward baseline, whereas SigmaPSD and BetaPSD approached local maxima on night-three, yet values remained above baseline thereafter. Conclusion While SWA, Theta, & Alpha remained stable across nights, night-to-night variability in delta2, sigma, and beta bands were observed characterized by subtle early increases that did not persist across the full observation window. Support (if any) Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research, Sleep Research Society (Small Research Award), Tim Ferriss, Matt Mullenweg, Blake Mycoskie, Craig Nerenberg, and the Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation.", "journal": "SLEEP", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1093/sleep/zsag091.1079", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsag091.1079", "keywords": "Multitaper, Spline (mechanical), Spectral density, Psilocybin, Spline interpolation, Medicine, Generalized anxiety disorder, Mathematics, Analysis of variance, Psychology, Spectral analysis, Anxiety, Audiology, Electroencephalography, Slow-wave sleep, Vigilance (psychology), Smoothing spline, Sleep disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Sleep and Wakefulness Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160609961\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160609961\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135650069\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Reid\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135646108\",\"display_name\":\"Eli Weisman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135659235\",\"display_name\":\"Luis Luna Martinez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135683263\",\"display_name\":\"William Coon\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135696888\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick Barrett\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S42921845\",\"source_display_name\":\"SLEEP\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsag091.1079\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160609961" }, { "id": 1949, "title": "Role of Psychological support in sustaining Antidepressants effects in Psilocybin - Assisted Clinical", "normalized_title": "role of psychological support in sustaining antidepressants effects in psilocybin assisted clinical", "authors": "Gyandev Gupta, Ravina Yadav", "abstract": "Depression is one of the most common mental health challenges people face today. It goes beyond just feeling sad - it shapes the way a person thinks, behaves, and experiences the world around them. The persistent low mood, the fading interest in things that once brought joy, the fog that makes even simple decisions feel overwhelming - all of it quietly chips away at a person's quality of life. For decades, antidepressants have been the go-to solution. But the reality is, they don't work for everyone. Some people wait weeks before noticing any change. Others deal with side effects that feel like trading one problem for another. It's a gap that researchers and clinicians have long been trying to close. That's where psilocybin enters the conversation. Found naturally in certain mushrooms, this compound has been drawing serious scientific attention - not as a curiosity, but as a genuine candidate for treating depression. What makes it particularly intriguing is how it works: it targets serotonin receptors in the brain, helping to lift mood, improve how we process emotions, and even encourage the brain's own ability to adapt and rewire itself. Animal studies have painted an encouraging picture. Mice, rats, zebrafish, and even fruit flies have all shown measurable reductions in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors following psilocybin. And it's not just the lab - clinical trials using a synthetic version called COMP360 have shown real promise in people with treatment-resistant depression, with some patients reporting meaningful improvement within days that lasted for weeks. One thing these studies make clear, though, is that the medicine alone isn't the whole story. The psychological support surrounding the experience - before, during, and after - appears to be just as important as the compound itself. It's this combination of pharmacology and human care that sets psilocybin-assisted therapy apart, offering something closer to a wholeperson approach to healing. Researchers are now focused on making this treatment safer, more consistent, and ultimately more accessible to those who need it most", "journal": "JOURNAL OF ADVANCE AND FUTURE RESEARCH", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.56975/jaafr.v4i5.509087", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.56975/jaafr.v4i5.509087", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Social support, MEDLINE, Psychological distress, Psychological intervention, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160185913\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160185913\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102589440\",\"display_name\":\"Gyandev Gupta\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135117225\",\"display_name\":\"Ravina Yadav\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5407040580\",\"source_display_name\":\"JOURNAL OF ADVANCE AND FUTURE RESEARCH\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.56975/jaafr.v4i5.509087\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160185913" }, { "id": 114, "title": "Microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder: study protocol for a phase II double-blind placebo-controlled randomised partial crossover trial - CORRIGENDUM", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder study protocol for a phase ii double blind placebo controlled randomised partial crossover trial corrigendum", "authors": "Zeina Beidas, Anya Ragnhildstveit, Adam Blackman, Thomas Anderson, Emily Fewster, Omer A. Syed, Valentyne Sobolenko, Ismail Kaan Kanca, Tatiana Son, Norman Farb, Rotem Petranker", "abstract": "", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2026.12000", "pubmed_id": "42125778", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12000", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Protocol (science), Crossover study, Pharmacology, Phase (matter), Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Phases of clinical research, Protocol design, Depressive symptoms, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161014612\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161014612\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W7129015437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114541934\",\"display_name\":\"Zeina Beidas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006257142\",\"display_name\":\"Anya Ragnhildstveit\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-3428\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008844555\",\"display_name\":\"Adam Blackman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0467-040X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126613746\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Anderson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075459000\",\"display_name\":\"Emily Fewster\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062369777\",\"display_name\":\"Omer A. Syed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-5223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120500161\",\"display_name\":\"Valentyne Sobolenko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9574-4648\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120355300\",\"display_name\":\"Ismail Kaan Kanca\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070812247\",\"display_name\":\"Tatiana Son\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0351-8596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126008050\",\"display_name\":\"Norman Farb\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012017884\",\"display_name\":\"Rotem Petranker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6354-0109\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12000\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7161014612" }, { "id": 3509, "title": "Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) in Palliative Care: a Randomised, Double-blind, Active-placebo Controlled Phase II Study (LPC-Study)", "normalized_title": "lysergic acid diethylamide lsd in palliative care a randomised double blind active placebo controlled phase ii study lpc study", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "Background: Terminally ill patients often experience significant psychosocial distress having depressed mood, death anxiety, pain, and an overall poor quality of life. Recent evidence from pilot studies suggests that serotonergic hallucinogens including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin produce significant and sustained reductions of depressive symptoms and anxiety, along with increases in quality of life, and life meaning in patients suffering from life-threatening diseases. Additionally, serotonergic hallucinogens may produce antinociceptive effects. Objective and Design: The study aims to evaluate effects of LSD on psychosocial distress in 60 patients suffering from an advanced or end-stage fatal disease with a life expectancy ≥12wks and ≤2yrs in an active placebo-controlled double-blind parallel study. Patients will be allocated in a 2:1 ratio to one of the two intervention arms receiving either two moderate to high doses of LSD (100 µg and 100 µg or 100 µg and 200 µg) as intervention and two low doses of LSD (25 µg and 25 µg) as active-placebo control.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05883540", "keywords": "Palliative Care, Pain, Anxiety, Depression, Demoralization, Psychological Distress, Quality of Life, Caregiver Burden, Fear of Death, Existential Distress, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Tartrate, LSD, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05883540\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1962, "title": "356. Psilocybin Therapy is Associated With Decreases in Markers of Mitochondrial Stress and Inflammation in an Open-Label Clinical Trial of Parkinson’s Disease", "normalized_title": "356 psilocybin therapy is associated with decreases in markers of mitochondrial stress and inflammation in an open label clinical trial of parkinson s disease", "authors": "Ellen Bradley, D Parker Kelley, Martin Picard, Balazs Szigeti, Kimberly Sakai, Gisele Fernandes, Jill Ostrem, Caroline Tanner, Patrick Finley, Connie Ludwig, Katiah Llerena, Zach Busby, Amber McKernan, Jose Rafael Zuzuarregui, Meredith Bock, Aliss Wang, Andrew Penn, Josh Woolley, Aoife O'Donovan", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-04-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.03.590", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.03.590", "keywords": "Medicine, Clinical trial, Disease, Psilocybin, Inflammation, Pharmacology, Internal medicine, Mitochondrion, Pharmacotherapy, Immunology, Bioinformatics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155621718\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155621718\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134570961\",\"display_name\":\"Ellen Bradley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134571140\",\"display_name\":\"D Parker Kelley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134454963\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Picard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134569848\",\"display_name\":\"Balazs Szigeti\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088265750\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Sakai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134569145\",\"display_name\":\"Gisele Fernandes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134592978\",\"display_name\":\"Jill Ostrem\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134575044\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline Tanner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134588500\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick Finley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101383503\",\"display_name\":\"Connie Ludwig\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063520767\",\"display_name\":\"Katiah Llerena\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9769-172X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134569789\",\"display_name\":\"Zach Busby\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5099336938\",\"display_name\":\"Amber McKernan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134573645\",\"display_name\":\"Jose Rafael Zuzuarregui\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074840299\",\"display_name\":\"Meredith Bock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8704-916X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134594534\",\"display_name\":\"Aliss Wang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053850619\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Penn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-7078\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052144380\",\"display_name\":\"Josh Woolley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134598249\",\"display_name\":\"Aoife O'Donovan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.03.590\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Mitochondrial Function,Clinical Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155621718" }, { "id": 35, "title": "Serotonergic psychedelics for Autism spectrum disorder: Neurobiological mechanisms and translational prospects.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic psychedelics for autism spectrum disorder neurobiological mechanisms and translational prospects", "authors": "Low ZXB.", "abstract": "Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent social-communication deficits, cognitive rigidity, and atypical sensory processing. Current pharmacological treatments, including risperidone and aripiprazole, provide only limited symptomatic relief and do not address the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Converging evidence implicates dysregulated serotonergic signaling, impaired neuroplasticity, and chronic neuroimmune activation as central features of ASD pathophysiology. Serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin and LSD, act as high-affinity 5-HT2A receptor agonists and have re-emerged as candidates for modulating these core pathways. In this Review, we synthesize molecular, cellular, and systems-level findings suggesting that psychedelics may transiently relax overly rigid cortical priors, reopen critical periods for social learning, and recalibrate dysfunctional neural circuits in ASD. These compounds enhance synaptic plasticity via BDNF and mTOR signaling, modulate cortical oscillations, and suppress neuroinflammation by shifting microglial phenotypes and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Systems-level frameworks, including the REBUS and anarchic brain hypotheses, contextualize how psychedelics induce globally integrated, less constrained brain states that may counteract the hyper-segregated connectivity commonly observed in ASD. While preclinical and early human studies report improvements in sociability, sensory responsiveness, and behavioural flexibility, rigorous clinical trials are urgently needed to establish safety, efficacy, and optimal developmental windows for intervention. We conclude by outlining a translational roadmap to guide future research, emphasizing the need for structured integration with behavioural therapies, attention to ASD heterogeneity, ethical considerations, and the potential to shift ASD treatment beyond symptomatic management toward disease-modifying intervention.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-04-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2026.111717", "pubmed_id": "42034276", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2026.111717", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Serotonin, Hallucinogens, Neuronal Plasticity, Autism Spectrum Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42034276\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3658, "title": "Psilocybin-Enhanced Psychotherapy for Methamphetamine Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin enhanced psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder", "authors": "Portland VA Research Foundation, Inc", "abstract": "This is a proof-of-concept randomized clinical trial of psilocybin-enhanced psychotherapy versus treatment-as-usual among individuals being treated for methamphetamine use disorder. The trial will take place with individuals admitted to a residential rehabilitation treatment program. The treatment protocol will consist of 4 preparatory therapy visits, 2 psilocybin sessions (25-30mg), and 8 total integration therapy visits. Primary aims assess acceptability, feasibility, and safety with a primary endpoint at the conclusion of the study intervention. An additional aim assesses preliminary efficacy for methamphetamine use disorder and overall functioning at follow-up assessments 60 and 180 days after discharge from the residential treatment program.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04982796", "keywords": "Amphetamine-Related Disorders, Psilocybin, Treatment-as-usual, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04982796\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3567, "title": "Toward Patient-Tailored Care for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Pilot Patient-Preference Clinical Trial of Music and Mindfulness in Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "toward patient tailored care for treatment resistant depression a pilot patient preference clinical trial of music and mindfulness in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Kyle Greenway", "abstract": "The goal of this pilot clinical trial is to learn whether it is feasible to individually tailor psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) for people with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) based on their personal preferences. The study also aims to explore whether two different psychotherapy styles, music-centered and mindfulness-centered, influence how people respond to psilocybin treatment. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is it feasible to conduct a patient-preference randomized trial of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy? * Does receiving a preferred psychotherapy style improve treatment experiences or outcomes? * How do music-centered and mindfulness-centered PAP approaches compare in their effects on improving mood and well-being? Researchers will compare music-centered PAP to mindfulness-centered PAP to see if aligning psychotherapy with individual preferences is a practical and potentially beneficial approach for improving treatment efficacy and tolerability. Participants will: * Be adults with treatment-resistant depression * Receive two 25 mg psilocybin (PEX010, Filament Health) sessions, spaced four weeks apart * Experience one session with music-centered psychotherapy and one with mindfulness-centered psychotherapy * Before treatment, rate their preference for the two psychotherapy approaches * Be randomly assigned to receive their preferred or non-preferred approach first, followed by the other * Complete preparation and integration sessions before and after each psilocybin session This feasibility trial will also collect information on participants' cultural and personal factors influencing psychotherapy preferences using a modified Cultural Formulation Interview, and explore physiological measures of therapeutic alliance, an important factor in psychotherapy outcomes. Depression is one of the top causes of disability worldwide. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is an emerging treatment for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) that pairs one or two doses of psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, with a brief course of psychotherapy. While multiple studies of PAP have found safe, rapid, and lasting antidepressant effects, much remains unknown about how to optimize this promising intervention's psychotherapy component. This pilot study aims to explore a novel strategy for improving the efficacy and tolerability of PAP: individually-tailoring its psychotherapy based on patient preferences for two important nonpharmacological treatment elements: music and mindfulness. These core treatment components were selected based on their ubiquitousness in psilocybin studies and their potential for significant patient preference effects. The investigators will conduct a patient-preference randomized clinical trial where 16 patients with TRD will receive two doses of psilocybin (PEX010, Filament Health, 25mg). For each patient, one psilocybin dose will be administered with music-centered psychological support and the other with mindfulness-centered psychological support. In the first 4-week phase, patients will be asked to rate their preferences for these different psychotherapeutic approaches. Patients will then be 50:50 randomized to first receive either their preferred or their non-preferred treatment approach. In a second 4-week crossover phase, patients will receive the other treatment approach. All patients will thus undergo both music-centered and mindfulness-centered PAP interventions, but in an order dictated by their preferences and randomization. Each treatment phase entails pre-treatment and post-treatment psychotherapy following standard protocols. Similar patient-preference clinical trial designs have shown that preferences can significantly influence the efficacy and tolerability of existing psychiatric treatments. The primary aim of this pilot trial is to examine this design's feasibility for exploring such preference effects in PAP, which the investigators hypothesize will be substantial. As secondary aims, the trial will generate preliminary estimates about the magnitude of preference effects, compare the music- and mindfulness-centered approaches, and yield qualitative data about the diverse sociocultural factors that influence patient preferences, including with a modified Cultural Formulation Interview administered at baseline. An additional exploratory aim is to examine novel physiological measures of therapeutic alliance, a crucial factor in psychiatric care. Depression affects millions of Canadians and new treatments are sorely needed. This line of research seeks to produce systematic approaches to tailoring the psychotherapy of PAP for TRD. Its ultimate goal is to improve this promising intervention's efficacy, safety, and applicability to diverse populations.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07373535", "keywords": "Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin 25mg, PEX010(25), Music-centered psilocybin-assisted therapy, Mindfulness-centered psilocybin-assisted therapy, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07373535\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1968, "title": "Psilocybin as an alternative to conventional treatments: A systematic review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as an alternative to conventional treatments a systematic review", "authors": "Deivid Antonio Cahuasqui-Mendoza", "abstract": "Introduction. Limitations of conventional treatments for depression and anxiety, particularly in treatment-resistant cases, have driven interest in alternative therapeutic approaches. Psilocybin, a serotonergic agonist with demonstrated effects on neuroplasticity and large-scale brain networks, has emerged as a promising therapeutic option. Materials and methods: A systematic review of controlled clinical trials published between 2020 and 2025 was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Eligible studies included adults aged 18-65 years with DSM-5 diagnoses of depression and/or anxiety who received psilocybin-assisted therapy with psychotherapeutic support. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2, the Jadad scale, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Due to methodological heterogeneity, a qualitative narrative synthesis was performed.", "journal": "Gaceta Médica de Caracas", "publication_date": "2026-04-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.47307/gmc.2026.134.s2.32", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2026.134.s2.32", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Systematic review, Anxiety, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Psychology, Jadad scale, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Randomized controlled trial, Serotonergic, Narrative review, Clinical trial, Fluoxetine, Systematic desensitization, Complicated grief, Duloxetine, Placebo, Anhedonia, Meta-analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155199454\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155199454\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134220190\",\"display_name\":\"Deivid Antonio Cahuasqui-Mendoza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7492-4445\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210231111\",\"source_display_name\":\"Gaceta Médica de Caracas\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2026.134.s2.32\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155199454" }, { "id": 3436, "title": "Study of Psilocybin Assisted Psychotherapy to Address Fear of Recurrence in Patients Diagnosed With Early-stage Breast Cancer and Ovarian Cancer in Remission", "normalized_title": "study of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy to address fear of recurrence in patients diagnosed with early stage breast cancer and ovarian cancer in remission", "authors": "University of Colorado, Denver", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to test whether psilocybin along with therapy in women with early breast cancer and ovarian cancer in remission can improve their fear of recurrence. The main question\\[s\\] it aims to answer \\[is/are\\]: Does psilocybin assisted therapy improve fear of cancer recurrence? Does psilocybin assisted therapy improve anxiety, depression, and quality of life? Participants will complete a series of survey measures, participate in preparatory therapy. After prep therapy is complete, they will receive a moderately high dose of psilocybin in a monitored and supportive environment. After the dosing day, they will complete 4 sessions of integrative therapy and complete survey measures.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-20", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06430541", "keywords": "Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06430541\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2978, "title": "The efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: a meta-analytic review of clinical outcomes", "normalized_title": "the efficacy and safety of psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder a meta analytic review of clinical outcomes", "authors": "Mohsen Khosravi, Domenico De Berardis, Massimo Tusconi", "abstract": "This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized data from 13 clinical trials (n=606) evaluating psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Despite early enthusiasm, the pooled standardized mean difference (-0.79, 95% confidence interval: -3.98 to 2.40, p=0.63) revealed no statistically significant overall antidepressant effect, with extreme heterogeneity (I2=96.9%) across studies. Notably, the type of control group (active comparator vs. placebo/waitlist) accounted for 98.7% of between-study variance, with waitlist and low-dose comparators producing exaggerated effect sizes. Session frequency was a significant moderator: 2 to 5 psilocybin sessions yielded larger effects, while more intensive protocols attenuated benefit. Neither participant age nor follow-up duration significantly influenced outcomes. Evidence of reporting bias and small-study effects was detected (Egger’s test p=0.012). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that no single study accounted for the non-significant pooled result. Overall, psilocybin’s antidepressant efficacy appears highly context-dependent-shaped by trial design, comparator, and session structure-rather than universally robust. These findings underscore the need for larger, rigorously controlled trials to clarify psilocybin’s therapeutic role in depression.", "journal": "Mental Wellness", "publication_date": "2026-04-20", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.4081/mw.2026.40", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4081/mw.2026.40", "keywords": "Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Meta-analysis, Antidepressant, Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Confidence interval, Clinical psychology, Strictly standardized mean difference, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, MEDLINE, Mean difference, Depressive symptoms, Session (web analytics), Internal medicine, Significant difference, Psilocybin, Major depressive episode, Placebo response, Intervention (counseling), Research design, Observational study, Treatment effect, Placebo, Imipramine, Test (biology), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155066504\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155066504\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393253405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408765639\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134179887\",\"display_name\":\"Mohsen Khosravi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062268890\",\"display_name\":\"Domenico De Berardis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-5058\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035141310\",\"display_name\":\"Massimo Tusconi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9155-4740\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5407046027\",\"source_display_name\":\"Mental Wellness\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.4081/mw.2026.40\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155066504" }, { "id": 2977, "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a meta analysis of randomised controlled trials", "authors": "Siti Nashria Rusdhy, Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi, Carla Raymondalexas Marchira, Mustika Suci Mahardikaningrum, Teresa Lalita Wiryarini, Devira Ayu Wulandari", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy shows promise for depression, though current evidence relies on Phase 2 trials with notable methodological limitations. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating psilocybin-assisted therapy for major or treatment-resistant depression up to February 2024. We evaluated depressive symptom severity using random-effects meta-analysis, moderator analyses, Cochrane Risk of Bias 2, and GRADE methodology. Nine RCTs (N=514) were included. Psilocybin therapy demonstrated a large pooled effect size for symptom reduction (SMD = 1.270, 95% CI: 0.865-1.676, p", "journal": "Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews", "publication_date": "2026-04-20", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.883", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.883", "keywords": "Medicine, Blinding, Randomized controlled trial, Meta-analysis, Confounding, Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Placebo, Systematic review, Physical therapy, MEDLINE, Treatment effect, Research design, Intensive care medicine, Relative risk, Sample size determination, Publication bias, Moderation, Cochrane Library, Exposure therapy, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Pharmacotherapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155091271\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155091271\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134107220\",\"display_name\":\"Siti Nashria Rusdhy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079536508\",\"display_name\":\"Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6610-2470\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034760407\",\"display_name\":\"Carla Raymondalexas Marchira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-1092\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134157899\",\"display_name\":\"Mustika Suci Mahardikaningrum\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134166752\",\"display_name\":\"Teresa Lalita Wiryarini\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134141631\",\"display_name\":\"Devira Ayu Wulandari\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210182354\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.883\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155091271" }, { "id": 3117, "title": "Psilocybin’s Kinematic Effect on Manual Dexterity", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s kinematic effect on manual dexterity", "authors": "Klintefors P, Bhagavan C, Kanaan R, Bryson A, Berlowitz D, Attard Z, Carter O.", "abstract": "Abstract Rationale Clinical interest in psilocybin-assisted rehabilitation for motor disorders is growing. However, psilocybin’s motor effects are under-researched, and quantifying them is essential for assessing treatment risks and outcomes. Objectives This study aims to clarify whether acute effects of psilocybin disrupts established patterns of manual dexterity and coordination. Specifically, we evaluate the impact of psilocybin on velocity, smoothness and kinematic synergies. Methods In a randomised, blinded trial, healthy participants received three doses of psilo-cybin (5-20 mg) administered one week apart. Manual dexterity was assessed using the Box and Block Test (BBT) at baseline and 1.5, 3, and 4.5 hours post-drug administration. Task performance was analysed using a Bayesian mixed-effects model. For kinematic analysis, 21 hand landmarks were tracked from video recordings obtained at baseline and 1.5 hours post-administration. Principal component analysis (PCA) was the basis for evaluating the stability and dimensionality of kinematic synergies. Results BBT performance showed a modest biphasic dose-response pattern at higher doses (10-20 mg), with slight impairment during peak effects and slight improvement 4.5 hours post-administration relative to baseline. Effect sizes were small compared to inter-individual baseline variability. Kinematic analyses revealed no substantial changes in movement smoothness or velocity. Dimensionality metrics indicated a stable coordination structure, although finger movements showed a subtle increase in complexity. Conclusions Low to moderate doses of psilocybin did not meaningfully disrupt manual dexterity or the latent structure of hand coordination. These findings support the feasibility of combining psilocybin administration with active motor rehabilitation. Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621000560897 Date registered: 12 May 2021 URL: https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id= 381526&isReview=true", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-04-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9291780/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9291780/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1177862\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 172, "title": "A phase 1 study of a second experience with Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for partial responders after a first experience", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 study of a second experience with group retreat psilocybin therapy for partial responders after a first experience", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Bonnie A. McGregor, Leslie L. Thorn, Kalin Harvey, Dianna Blom, George Callan, John Guy, Sameet Kumar, Rob Hershberg, Melissa Layer, Jackie Levin, Susanna Myers, Juliana Perez, Kathy Salmonson, Peter Thompson, Joseph Whinney", "abstract": "Introduction: Psilocybin therapy has demonstrated efficacy for cancer-related anxiety and depression, but resource-intensive individual treatment models raise important questions for psychedelic public health about equitable access and scalability. In our prior Phase 1/2 study of group retreat psilocybin therapy for patients with metastatic cancer, we observed partial responders who did not achieve full therapeutic benefit. No published research has examined whether partial responders might benefit from a second psilocybin therapy experience. Methods: We conducted a single-arm Phase 1 study to assess the safety of a second experience of Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for partial responders from our prior study. Protocol modifications addressed dose as a potential contributor to partial response: the initial dose was increased to 35 mg, and an optional 10 mg booster could be requested by participants who reported low subjective effect at 60-90 min and passed a safety check. Pre-retreat antidepressant tapering was not required. The intervention was delivered in a group retreat format with four primary facilitators and included three preparation sessions, a single psilocybin dosing day, and four integration sessions. Results: = 1). Seven participants (54%) received the booster dose. Mean Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Total scores decreased from 15.08 (SD4.35) at baseline to 9.00 (SD4.62) at Day +8, with improvements maintained through 24-week follow-up (mean 10.42, SD6.93); 69% achieved HADS scores below the clinical threshold. The proportion of participants with a \"complete\" mystical experience (Mystical Experience Questionnaire ≥ 60%) increased from 38% in the first experience to 77% in the second, without an increase in challenging experiences (Challenging Experiences Questionnaire). Social support, social identification, and group cohesion scores showed progressive improvements that persisted at 24 weeks. Discussion: A second experience of group retreat psilocybin therapy was safe and feasible for partial responders with metastatic cancer. The protocol modifications-higher dose, optional booster, and no antidepressant tapering requirement-did not introduce new safety concerns and were associated with substantially enhanced mystical experiences and preliminary efficacy signals. These findings support further investigation of retreatment protocols for partial responders and contribute to developing scalable group-based models relevant to psychedelic public health, where the resource intensity of individual treatment remains a fundamental barrier to population-level access.", "journal": "Frontiers in Public Health", "publication_date": "2026-04-13", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3389/fpubh.2026.1810904", "pubmed_id": "42058096", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1810904", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Nausea, Medicine, Anxiety, Dosing, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Hallucinogen, Placebo, Clinical trial, Partial hospitalization, Pharmacotherapy, Exposure therapy, Psychology, Internal medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychological intervention, Relapse prevention, Anesthesia, Physical therapy, Major depressive disorder, Partial agonist, Mental health, Tolerability, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154396122\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154396122\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1972968676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005457676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058150514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086214501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105258029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165986495\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889931714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902935653\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904473517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234193547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251745849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407866135\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410974136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412982879\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133603732\",\"display_name\":\"Leslie L. Thorn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075648744\",\"display_name\":\"Kalin Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121109585\",\"display_name\":\"Dianna Blom\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121094019\",\"display_name\":\"George Callan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133625498\",\"display_name\":\"John Guy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110006341\",\"display_name\":\"Sameet Kumar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133609804\",\"display_name\":\"Rob Hershberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121098160\",\"display_name\":\"Melissa Layer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121107381\",\"display_name\":\"Jackie Levin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133612814\",\"display_name\":\"Juliana Perez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133593291\",\"display_name\":\"Kathy Salmonson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133601737\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Thompson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121054901\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Whinney\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2595931848\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Public Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1810904\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7154396122" }, { "id": 3578, "title": "CAPSI - Cancer Related Major Depression Treated With a Single Dose of Psilocybin: A Multicenter Randomized Placebo Controlled Double Blind Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "capsi cancer related major depression treated with a single dose of psilocybin a multicenter randomized placebo controlled double blind clinical trial", "authors": "Section for Affective Disorders; Northern Stockholm Psychiatry", "abstract": "The goal of this randomized placebo controlled trial is to compare the antidepressant effect of a single oral dose of psilocybin 25 mg compared to 1 mg in 100 patients with cancer related major depressive disorder. The main question it aims to answer is: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin for major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to an active placebo (psilocybin 1 mg) assessed as the difference between groups in changes in depressive symptoms, in the following Population: 20-80 (inclusive) years old, current depressive episode (according to Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) ≥10), \\>1 month after cancer diagnosis, with at least 12 months of life expectancy, willingness to abstain from other psychotherapeutic or antidepressant treatments during the study (wash out time 5 half-lives).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06319378", "keywords": "MDD, psilocybin 25 mg sod, psilocybin 1 mg sod, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06319378\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1970, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment of Prolonged Grief Disorder: An Open-Label Feasibility Study Protocol", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment of prolonged grief disorder an open label feasibility study protocol", "authors": "J. Morgan Penberthy, Fatma Wise, Nicholas P. Cherup, Evaline Mitchell, Madeline Burns, Oluwafunmilayo Akinlade, David Chung, Harshit Parmar, Jonathan Singer", "abstract": "Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) affects approximately 10% of bereaved individuals and is now formally recognized in both the DSM-5-TR and ICD-11. Despite its prevalence, PGD often responds poorly to traditional therapeutic approaches. This manuscript outlines the protocol for an early-stage open-label feasibility trial investigating the use of psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, in treating PGD in adults, with a focus on young adults. The study will involve 20 participants diagnosed with PGD. Each participant will undergo a structured therapeutic process that includes a preparatory session, a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin, and post-session integration. Throughout the study, participants will be monitored via symptom assessments, including qualitative and quantitative data, with the main aims related to safety, feasibility and acceptability. Functional MRIs will be obtained pre- and post-dosing and collected during a standardized grief-elicitation methodology. Key outcome measures include changes in the severity of PGD and trauma symptoms, cognitive flexibility, openness to experience, meaning in life and subjective experiences during the psilocybin session. Neural activity will also be evaluated through fMRI to better understand the neurobiological effects of the treatment. This research represents one of the first clinical protocols specifically focused on the potential of psilocybin for treating PGD. The goal is to assess feasibility and safety while laying the groundwork for future randomized controlled trials.", "journal": "Psychoactives", "publication_date": "2026-04-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3390/psychoactives5020012", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives5020012", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Grief, Psychotherapist, Protocol (science), Psychology, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Complicated grief, Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Cognition, Openness to experience, Exposure therapy, Research design, Single-subject design, Depression (economics), Qualitative research, MEDLINE, Major depressive disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7153973756\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7153973756\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1966524739\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977106921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014833927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027845679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055769378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082494913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095888968\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102083811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123778879\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127461282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130746449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138769072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169463832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2277633149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412386965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2481432072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2580400906\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582745336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883252198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921631604\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015902292\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161861567\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321070975\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398248553\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401689244\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402490731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403053992\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406512218\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409142060\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414745551\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415616586\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416976899\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133504338\",\"display_name\":\"J. Morgan Penberthy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-9904\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133504338\",\"display_name\":\"J. Morgan Penberthy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-9904\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018583128\",\"display_name\":\"Fatma Wise\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056701766\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas P. Cherup\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-3863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133504338\",\"display_name\":\"J. Morgan Penberthy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-9904\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133504338\",\"display_name\":\"J. Morgan Penberthy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-9904\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Evaline Mitchell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079839413\",\"display_name\":\"Madeline Burns\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001877959\",\"display_name\":\"Oluwafunmilayo Akinlade\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3548-870X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100826419\",\"display_name\":\"David Chung\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070832958\",\"display_name\":\"Harshit Parmar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1506-6873\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084354488\",\"display_name\":\"Jonathan Singer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-5047\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387280156\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychoactives\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives5020012\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7153973756" }, { "id": 178, "title": "Evaluation of a facilitator training program in a randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "evaluation of a facilitator training program in a randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment for depression", "authors": "Nikita Sanati Morel, Dea Siggaard Stenbaek, Johan Lundberg, Maria Beckman", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Major depression is a prevalent condition among patients with life-threatening illnesses, such as cancer, and recent findings suggest that psilocybin may hold promising treatment potential. Contemporary trials of psilocybin generally employ a model that includes psychotherapeutic support consisting of preparation and integration sessions surrounding the dosing. However, there is limited research on the psychotherapeutic component of treatment, including the skills, professional qualifications and training needed to provide it. METHODS: In this study, nine nurses completed a 15-week online and on-site training program as facilitators in an ongoing randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment for depression. The training evaluation consisted of a subjective evaluation by the facilitators collected during and after completion of training, and an objective evaluation of the facilitators' verbal relational skills assessed with standardized role-plays before and after completion of training. The recorded role-plays were assessed using the relational components of the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity (MITI) code 4.2 and analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. RESULTS: The facilitators' subjective evaluations indicated that the online and on-site training sessions had supported their knowledge- and skill acquisition. However, most facilitators reported that additional practical in-person training would have been necessary for them to feel adequately prepared to provide the treatment. The objective assessment of the facilitators' verbal relational skills showed a significant increase in one of twelve MITI variables and medium to large effect sizes for six of the measures pre- to post-training. CONCLUSIONS: The training model used in this study showed potential to improve outcomes, though effects were modest and only demonstrated in role-play. The facilitators also indicated a need for additional training to feel adequately prepared. The exact requirements for the psychotherapeutic support surrounding the dosing in these treatments, including the specific skills and professional qualifications needed to provide it, remain unclear. Nonetheless, the results of this study suggest that different professionals may require distinct types of training to deliver these treatments effectively. Future studies should design training programs based on the facilitators' baseline skills and provide clear descriptions and objective measures of both the training intervention and outcome, along with adherence measures throughout treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: EudraCT: 2023-505532-35-00; Clinicaltrails.gov ID: NCT06319378. Registered 8 November 2023.", "journal": "BMC Medical Education", "publication_date": "2026-04-07", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1186/s12909-026-09124-8", "pubmed_id": "41952163", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-09124-8", "keywords": "Randomized controlled trial, Psilocybin, Facilitator, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Interview, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Motivational interviewing, Medicine, Depression (economics), Physical therapy, Attrition, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Mood, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7151958593\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7151958593\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1480983579\",\"https://openalex.org/W1961463694\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990135477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025553980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025819290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089437545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100509572\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101332682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125675643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133678432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145129925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148540129\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271992345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2327037637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419603765\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769954132\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883966852\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888205475\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890801445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944987924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945981774\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008649055\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091757612\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159796563\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201631743\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205990671\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309608756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317881824\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323044235\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381244858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385440744\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398774731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399500273\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133175525\",\"display_name\":\"Nikita Sanati Morel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133199361\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbaek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133198002\",\"display_name\":\"Johan Lundberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065682565\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Beckman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-1863\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S144187503\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMC Medical Education\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-09124-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7151958593" }, { "id": 1971, "title": "A living systematic review, meta-analysis and open-data resource of randomized controlled trials of psilocybin treatment for symptoms of depression", "normalized_title": "a living systematic review meta analysis and open data resource of randomized controlled trials of psilocybin treatment for symptoms of depression", "authors": "S. Parker Singleton, Brooke L. Sevchik, Analiese Lahey, Pim Cuijpers, Mathias Harrer, Megan T. Jones, Sandeep M. Nayak, Eric C. Strain, Simon Vandekar, Robert H. Dworkin, J. Cobb Scott, Theodore D. Satterthwaite", "abstract": "", "journal": "Nature Mental Health", "publication_date": "2026-04-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s44220-026-00630-8", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-026-00630-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Depressive symptoms, Medicine, Systematic review, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Resource (disambiguation), Clinical trial, Meta-analysis, MEDLINE, Modalities, Resource use, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7151101131\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7151101131\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W68383726\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982009542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006979162\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036756589\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085758661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123075912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128640268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139168999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154449833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157823046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159155203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769263100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2785297454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2975424845\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043675015\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087936928\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163489461\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177516331\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242468065\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387651512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389236777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484527\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484734\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484761\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485012\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485036\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391842082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401774886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402748917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405021720\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405176234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406236054\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407686725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412738512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414366251\",\"https://openalex.org/W6949874712\",\"https://openalex.org/W7138880159\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133003773\",\"display_name\":\"S. Parker Singleton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115831521\",\"display_name\":\"Brooke L. Sevchik\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119357960\",\"display_name\":\"Analiese Lahey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6892-9748\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016972944\",\"display_name\":\"Pim Cuijpers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-2743\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053074395\",\"display_name\":\"Mathias Harrer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7016-2687\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019834434\",\"display_name\":\"Megan T. Jones\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7999-7031\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017911936\",\"display_name\":\"Eric C. Strain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-5461\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076688030\",\"display_name\":\"Simon Vandekar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-9073\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133004906\",\"display_name\":\"Robert H. Dworkin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013332746\",\"display_name\":\"J. Cobb Scott\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6538-9043\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039906500\",\"display_name\":\"Theodore D. Satterthwaite\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7072-9399\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387286578\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Mental Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-026-00630-8\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7151101131" }, { "id": 3678, "title": "Role of Experience, Conscious Awareness, and Plasticity in Psilocybin's Behavioral Effects - Follow-Up Study (The RECAP 2 Study)", "normalized_title": "role of experience conscious awareness and plasticity in psilocybin s behavioral effects follow up study the recap 2 study", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the role that inducing neuroplasticity (the brain's ability to adapt and change) plays in the behavioral effects of psilocybin in people who have experienced a mild decline in emotional wellbeing. Researchers will compare different doses of psilocybin combined with midazolam or placebo to see what dose induces increased wellbeing. Participants will: * Receive one of four possible combinations of medications * Undergo an MRI * Complete questionnaires * Undergo transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and EEG The purpose of this study is to investigate the role that inducing neuroplasticity plays in the behavioral effects of psilocybin in people with modest decrements in emotional wellbeing.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-02", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06692192", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, Midazolam, Saline, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06692192\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3542, "title": "Activating Neuroplasticity to ENHANCE the Perception Box Expanding Effects of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "activating neuroplasticity to enhance the perception box expanding effects of psilocybin", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "This study will examine whether combining a single dose of psilocybin with non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), a potential inducer of neuroplasticity and enhanced memory formation, will enhance the long-term beneficial behavioral effects of psilocybin when compared to sham taVNS or no VNS by allowing memory for insights gained during the psychedelic experience to remain vivid after they will have faded in subjects who receive psilocybin followed by sham taVNS or no VNS. One hundred and eight medically healthy adult volunteers with a modest decrement in wellbeing will receive a single open-label 25 mg dose of psilocybin administered within a \"set and setting\" (SaS) framework of psychological support provided by trained facilitators, such as has been successfully employed in prior psychedelic studies at UW-Madison. The SaS protocol will include 2-4 hours of preparation, a 6- to 8-hour psilocybin dosing session and an hour-long integration session 1 day and 9 days post dosing. All subjects will receive various combinations of active taVNS or sham taVNS prior to, or following, psilocybin dosing. Active and sham taVNS sessions will last 20 minutes and will occur twice daily (morning and afternoon/evening) for 7 consecutive days, using an \"at home\" protocol that has been used safely and effectively by study collaborators. taVNS is a non-invasive low-risk procedure. Subjects will be randomized with equal allocation to one of four conditions: 1) seven days of sham taVNS prior to psilocybin dosing and 7 days of active taVNS post- psilocybin dosing (Group 1: n=27); 2) seven days of sham taVNS prior to psilocybin dosing and 7 days of sham taVNS post- psilocybin dosing (Group 2: n=27); 3) seven days of sham taVNS prior to psilocybin dosing and psilocybin with psychosocial support post-dosing (Group 3: n=27); and 4) seven days of active taVNS prior to psilocybin dosing and 7 days of sham taVNS post- psilocybin dosing (Group 4: n=27). Importantly, participants in all groups will receive psychosocial support in addition to their randomization status (i.e., taVNS or sham taVNS prior to, or following psilocybin, or psychosocial support alone), as the provision of psychosocial support is the current standard of care for the use of psychedelics in FDA-regulated clinical trials (FDA2023). It is anticipated that a total sample of 108 subjects will be enrolled to provide 100 subjects who complete study activities/assessments sufficient to provide evaluable data for testing study primary and exploratory outcomes.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-02", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05866471", "keywords": "Healthy, Psychedelic Experiences, Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Psilocybin, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, Filament Health Psilocybin, PEX010, Transcutaneous auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS), Psychosocial Support Alone, Sham taVNS, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05866471\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Neuroplasticity,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3670, "title": "Acute Analgesic Effects of DMT on Experimentally Induced Acute Nociceptive Pain, Hyperalgesia and Allodynia in Healthy Participants", "normalized_title": "acute analgesic effects of dmt on experimentally induced acute nociceptive pain hyperalgesia and allodynia in healthy participants", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a classical psychedelic with similar effects like LSD or psilocybin. Preliminary evidence from case series and small open-label trials suggests that psychedelics may be promising candidates for the treatment of several pain-related diseases such as chronic pain, migraine, cluster headache or phantom limb pain. However, data from rigorously conducted and randomized clinical trials are lacking. Additionally, the potential acute analgesic properties of psychedelics remain poorly characterized. Therefore, the investigators will evaluate the efficacy of DMT on different pain qualities within a model of electrically induced pain in healthy participants. The analgesic effects will be compared to racemic ketamine (active control) and placebo within a cross-over design. Preliminary evidence from case series and small open-label trials suggests that psychedelics may be promising candidates for the treatment of several pain-related diseases such as chronic pain, migraine, cluster headache or phantom limb pain. However, data from rigorously conducted and randomized clinical trials are lacking. Additionally, the potential acute analgesic properties of psychedelics remain poorly characterized. For instance, it is unclear whether psychedelics possess acute antinociceptive effects or if they rather modulate secondary pain phenomena such as hyperalgesia, allodynia, and/or functional pain. Here, the investigators will employ a validated electrical stimulation model in healthy volunteers that produces acute nociceptive pain but also features of chronic pain such as hyperalgesia and allodynia. The model is established for the detailed assessment of the analgesic effect of known analgesics or new compounds. Thus, the investigators will evaluate the efficacy of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a classical and naturally-occurring psychedelic, on different pain qualities within this model. DMT differs from other classical psychedelics in its very short elimination half-life. Due to its rapid metabolization by monoaminoxidases (MAO), DMT is not orally bioavailable in the absence of MAO-inhibitors and thus has to be administered continuously and intravenously. Recently, the investigators tested several continuous intravenous administration regimes of DMT that lead to the induction of a constant and rapidly adaptable psychedelic state. The regime allows to induce stable DMT effect that can be terminated rapidly. Due to this controllability, a continuous infusion of intravenous DMT is most suitable to assess time and concentration-dependent analgesic effects within the used pain model. The analgesic efficacy of DMT will be compared to ketamine, a known analgesic (positive control), and placebo.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06180759", "keywords": "Healthy, Intravenous infusion of DMT, Intravenous infusion of ketamine, Intravenous infusion of placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06180759\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1972, "title": "Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin in Psychiatric Disorders: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Clinical Implications", "normalized_title": "therapeutic potential of psilocybin in psychiatric disorders mechanisms efficacy and clinical implications", "authors": "Shakila Meshkat, Manish K. Jha, Venkat Bhat", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, has gained attention as a potential treatment for various psychiatric conditions. In this review, the authors summarize current clinical evidence related to psilocybin’s efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action across psychiatric disorders. Findings from early-phase and small-scale clinical trials suggest rapid but variable reductions in depressive symptoms, with some studies reporting sustained effects. Psilocybin has also shown preliminary benefits in alleviating anxiety related to life-threatening illness and in reducing substance use, including alcohol and tobacco dependence. Emerging but limited evidence supports possible therapeutic effects in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, anorexia nervosa, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Reported adverse events, such as headache, nausea, and short-lived anxiety, are typically transient and mild; however, notable adverse reactions have occurred in larger randomized trials. Mechanistically, psilocybin may act by modulating limbic-prefrontal circuits, promoting synaptic plasticity, and enhancing emotional and cognitive flexibility, in particular when administered alongside structured psychotherapeutic support. Although the existing data are encouraging, the evidence base remains limited by small sample sizes, highly selective populations, and short follow-up durations. Larger, rigorously designed trials are required to confirm efficacy, establish long-term safety, and refine therapeutic protocols. Overall, psilocybin represents a promising but still experimental intervention that warrants further systematic investigation under controlled conditions.", "journal": "FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-03-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1176/appi.focus.20250043", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20250043", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Disease, Psychotherapist, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154344405\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154344405\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133351239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945335566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210511938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210625095\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318455092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362604463\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386504040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386849390\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390629750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391953134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400364503\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402462242\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402554692\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403083745\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408033191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411969620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413839750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414366251\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414374510\",\"https://openalex.org/W7117359786\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133594333\",\"display_name\":\"Manish K. Jha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133579308\",\"display_name\":\"Venkat Bhat\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210193920\",\"source_display_name\":\"FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20250043\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7154344405" }, { "id": 185, "title": "An Open-Label Study of Single-Dose Psilocybin for Borderline Personality Disorder With Co-Occurring Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "an open label study of single dose psilocybin for borderline personality disorder with co occurring major depressive disorder", "authors": "Jon E. Grant, Sophia Boutouis, Margaret O’Brien, Laurie Avila, Megha Neelapu, Dustin Ehsan", "abstract": "OBJECTIVES: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is often comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD), and there has been a suggestion in the literature that this comorbidity may interfere with MDD treatment response. Our objective was to conduct a pilot study of psilocybin in adults with BPD and MDD. METHODS: Adults aged 18 to 65 years with a DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD and BPD were enrolled in an open-label pilot study of a single dose of psilocybin. Assessments were conducted 1 week before dosing (baseline), on the dosing day (visit 2), and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postdosing. The co-primary outcome measures were changes in depressive and BPD symptoms from baseline to study endpoint, and we used a paired-samples t test to examine changes in symptoms. RESULTS: Nine participants (4 males; mean age=31.3 y) with MDD and BPD were enrolled. MDD symptoms significantly changed from baseline to visit 5: baseline (M=28.56, SD=4.53) and final visit (M=17.22, SD=10.39); t(8)=-4.217, P=0.003; Cohen d=1.41. BPD scores did not significantly change from baseline to study endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: This small open-label study resulted in statistically significant improvement in MDD symptoms but not for BPD symptoms. These findings, which await larger clinical trials, suggest that BPD does not appear to interfere with response to depressive symptoms.", "journal": "Clinical Neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-03-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1097/wnf.0000000000000683", "pubmed_id": "41973961", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/wnf.0000000000000683", "keywords": "Borderline personality disorder, Major depressive disorder, Comorbidity, Medicine, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Dosing, Psychology, Depressive symptoms, Young adult, Personality disorders, Psilocybin, Severity of illness, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154114794\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154114794\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W82455047\",\"https://openalex.org/W1682914707\",\"https://openalex.org/W1795591646\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004458660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025610418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044225822\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054099746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057868478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064870672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095227090\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114546905\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120220100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126038180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127606597\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138521058\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145076401\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147987800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151396431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151811004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165477838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2402987111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413036072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781829545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947112920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122347292\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200585733\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296850004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321203160\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323275405\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012235859\",\"display_name\":\"Jon E. Grant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7784-7021\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120657378\",\"display_name\":\"Sophia Boutouis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133511674\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret O’Brien\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129772504\",\"display_name\":\"Laurie Avila\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133487457\",\"display_name\":\"Megha Neelapu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133526370\",\"display_name\":\"Dustin Ehsan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S3349026\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Neuropharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/wnf.0000000000000683\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Personality Change,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7154114794" }, { "id": 3663, "title": "Engaging Mood Brain Circuits With Psilocybin: a Randomized Neuroimaging Trial in Depression", "normalized_title": "engaging mood brain circuits with psilocybin a randomized neuroimaging trial in depression", "authors": "Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre", "abstract": "The goal of this neuroimaging clinical trial is to test whether psilocybin produces significant immediate changes in functional brain activity in networks associated with mood regulation and depression compared to placebo in patients with depression. The trial aims to determine if psilocybin: 1. Changes connectivity within brain networks associated with mood and depression 2. Changes blood flow in brain regions associated with mood and depression Participants will be attend two treatment sessions where they receive an oral medication and supportive psychotherapy. At each session, participants will undergo an MRI scan after drug administration but prior to psychotherapy. Participants will be randomly to assigned to one of two groups that will receive, 1) microcrystalline cellulose (25mg) at the first visit and psilocybin (25mg) at the second visit, or 2) psilocybin (25mg) at both visits, respectively. Differences between groups will be compared to understand what effects on brain activity are specific to psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06072898", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Microcrystalline cellulose, MCC, Supportive psychotherapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06072898\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3478, "title": "Psilocybin Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment Resistant Depression and Co-occurring Substance Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression and co occurring substance use disorder", "authors": "Indiana University", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a single dose of psilocybin (5mg Vs 10mg Vs 25mg) alongside psychotherapy is safe and can help treat treatment resistant depression (TRD) with co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD) in veterans and first responders. We seek to answer: * Whether 5mgs, 10mgs and 25mgs of psilocybin are safe in individuals with co-occurring TRD and SUD * Whether psilocybin assisted psychotherapy will reduce substance use severity and depression symptoms * What neurobiological processes are associated with the effects of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy. The researchers will compare the effects of a single dose of psilocybin (either 5mgs or 10mgs or 25mg) alongside psychotherapy on substance use severity and depression symptoms over six weeks in veterans and first responders with TRD and co-occurring SUD. In this 14-week study, participants will: * Visit the clinic for two intake sessions * Complete seven psychotherapy sessions. This will include three sessions before psilocybin administration, an 8 to 10 hour dosing session, and three sessions following psilocybin administration * Complete short, repeated daily assessments for six weeks, in total, before and after psilocybin administration * Complete two brain scans before and after psilocybin administration This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial to examine the safety and efficacy of a single dose of psilocybin (5mg or 10mg or 25mg) in reducing substance use severity and depression symptoms in N=50 veterans and first responders with treatment resistant depression (TRD) and co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD). The study will be conducted at Goodman Hall outpatient clinic located at Indiana University, Department of Psychiatry. All participants will take part in two intake visits (one to conduct safety tests and establish eligibility, and one to collect baseline and covariate data). They will then participate in three preparatory psychotherapy sessions with a certified psilocybin counselor before receiving one of three, randomly assigned, psilocybin doses during an 8 to 10 hour administration session. Following psilocybin administration, participants will participate in three weekly integrative psychotherapy sessions. We will also conduct three, two-week bursts of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) during weeks 1 and 2, weeks 5 and 6 and weeks 10 and 11 of study participation, to measure daily substance use patterns and depression symptoms both during stressful and non-stressful situations. A pre- and post- fMRI paradigm will additionally be conducted to determine psilocybin-related changes within and between the default mode network, the salience mode network and the central executive network, during both resting state and stress. We will also explore the extent to which elevations in subjective mystical and existential experience contributes to psilocybin's therapeutic and mechanistic effects. It is anticipated that all three doses of psilocybin will be safe and well-tolerated in this sample of veterans and first responders. We additionally expect that 25mgs of psilocybin compared with 5mgs will attenuate substance use severity and depressive symptoms six weeks following administration, and during both stressful and non-stressful situations. In addition, we expect that 25mg Vs 5mg psilocybin will decrease resting state functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and modulate connectivity between the DMN, salience network, central executive network, and the amygdala during stress exposure.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07499583", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Substance Use Disorders, Psilocybin, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07499583\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Default Mode Network,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2981, "title": "MedCheck: FDA Approves Novel Antipsychotic Milsaperidone; Designates Psilocybin Analogue as Breakthrough Therapy for Postpartum Depression, and More!", "normalized_title": "medcheck fda approves novel antipsychotic milsaperidone designates psilocybin analogue as breakthrough therapy for postpartum depression and more", "authors": "Linda M. Richmond", "abstract": "", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2026-03-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2026.04.4.3", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2026.04.4.3", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Antipsychotic, Psychiatry, Pimozide, Antipsychotic Agent, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Intensive care medicine, MEDLINE, Atypical antipsychotic, Placebo, Pharmacology, Postpartum period, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7143348770\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7143348770\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130949757\",\"display_name\":\"Linda M. Richmond\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2026.04.4.3\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7143348770" }, { "id": 3696, "title": "Psilocybe Cubensis Mushrooms With or Without Fluoxetine for Refractory Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybe cubensis mushrooms with or without fluoxetine for refractory depression", "authors": "Federal University of Latin American Integration", "abstract": "This Phase 2a pilot, exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial will estimate whether concurrent fluoxetine alters the antidepressant effect, acute psychedelic experience, or safety of a psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy session in adults with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD). Eligible participants (ages 25-64) have DSM-5-TR MDD, moderate-severe, MADRS ≥20, and partial response in the current episode (≥1 adequate antidepressant trial of 6-12 weeks with \\", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06898606", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin and Psilocyn, Placebo, Psychotherapy-assisted session, Fluoxetine, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06898606\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3037, "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: Open-Label Extension of a Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial", "normalized_title": "safety and efficacy of psilocybin assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder open label extension of a phase ii randomized controlled trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has shown promise for alcohol use disorder (AUD) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, the effects of open-label administration following blinded treatment are unclear. Here, we present safety and efficacy data from an open-label extension of a Phase II RCT (NCT02061293) examining PAT for AUD. Methods: Adults with AUD (N = 59) received a single administration of psilocybin (25-40mg/70kg) along with four total hours of therapy. Of this cohort, 30 participants had originally received psilocybin during the blinded phase of the RCT and 29 received active placebo (diphenhydramine). Mixed-Effects Models for Repeated Measures examined the effects of PAT on (a) alcohol consumption (percent heavy drinking [PHDD], drinks per day [DpD], and percent drinking days [PDD]), (b) alcohol craving, (c) abstinence self-efficacy, (d) and treatment readiness across a four-month follow-up. Results: Psilocybin was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events. Across participants, PDD decreased at 1-month but returned to baseline by Months 2-4. Among those with higher baseline drinking, PHDD, DpD, and PDD showed similar transient reductions. Participants from both double-blind groups demonstrated improvements in craving, self-efficacy, and treatment readiness one week after psilocybin with variable trajectories over follow-up. Discussion: Results suggest that a single administration of psilocybin in an open-label context may produce short-term improvements in alcohol use and core predictors of clinical change. Given long-lasting efficacy in the double-blind phase, it remains unclear if the short-term durability in the open-label extension is due to baseline floor effects, treatment resistance, lower treatment readiness and motivation, or fewer medication/therapy sessions.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-03-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/7xfek_v1", "keywords": "alcohol use disorder, clinical trial, craving, psilocybin, psychedelic, short inventory of problems, treatment readiness, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"7xfek_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 214, "title": "Psilocybin in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Seeking Valuable Evidence in History, Pure Science, Clinical Trials and Real-World Data (RWD)", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in neuropsychiatric disorders seeking valuable evidence in history pure science clinical trials and real world data rwd", "authors": "Piotr Skalski, Katarzyna Pękacka-Falkowska, Agnieszka Pluto-Prądzyńska, Michał K. Owecki", "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Psilocybin has re-emerged as a promising intervention for neuropsychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, anxiety associated with life-threatening illness, obsessive compulsive disorder, and substance use disorders. However, conventional randomized controlled trials (RCTs)-the current gold standard in evidence-based medicine-may not adequately capture the therapeutic complexity of psilocybin, which depends not only on pharmacological action but also on contextual, psychological, and interpersonal factors. This critical narrative review aimed to evaluate the adequacy of existing clinical research frameworks for assessing psilocybin’s therapeutic potential and to explore alternative methodologies that may better reflect real-world clinical conditions. Methods: Using the Web of Science Core Collection database, we identified and analysed the ten most cited clinical studies on psilocybin published between 2015 and 2025 inclusive. Additional literature was included through reference cross-checking, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and interdisciplinary sources covering neurobiology, history, and real-world evidence (RWE). The review synthesizes clinical outcomes, methodological constraints, and epistemic considerations relevant to psychedelic-assisted therapy. Results: Evidence from highly cited trials demonstrates rapid and sustained antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of psilocybin, with notable benefits also observed in addiction treatment. However, significant methodological limitations were identified, including selection bias, challenges in placebo design and blinding, small sample sizes, and the underrepresentation of diverse populations. Psilocybin outcomes were strongly influenced by subjective experience and contextual factors such as set and setting. Emerging RWE studies revealed heterogeneous patterns of response and provided insights unattainable through RCTs alone. Conclusions: Psilocybin shows considerable therapeutic promise, but current RCT methodologies capture only part of its clinical effects. Comprehensive evaluation will require larger and more diverse clinical trials, long-term follow-up, standardized psychotherapeutic protocols, and the integration of RWE to reflect real-world practice. Psychedelic-assisted therapy should be conceptualized as a complex intervention that combines pharmacological and psychotherapeutic components.", "journal": "Brain Sciences", "publication_date": "2026-03-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci16040358", "pubmed_id": "42041769", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16040358", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Randomized controlled trial, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Medicine, Psychiatry, Addiction, Intervention (counseling), MEDLINE, Clinical study design, Systematic review, Obsessive compulsive, Placebo, Antidepressant, Major depressive disorder, Research design, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140611633\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140611633\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992988465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027740687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050365988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062765660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069122038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095417804\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102963347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558041581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588735279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623228771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769124319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791887133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804330882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911871414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926665170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938070244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954176814\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995118312\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016448445\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023070793\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3115524456\",\"https://openalex.org/W3131162203\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204171992\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204600425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3208019294\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214097796\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281615567\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283813871\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313544662\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327892670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366089680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382918325\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384126595\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386624716\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387005979\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387638849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391924240\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394874345\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396518351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396894158\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398182074\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400449392\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400513312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400847605\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401774886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402680012\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403628871\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403667484\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404870098\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410444635\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001237361\",\"display_name\":\"Piotr Skalski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-8424\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120979152\",\"display_name\":\"Katarzyna Pękacka-Falkowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001380083\",\"display_name\":\"Agnieszka Pluto-Prądzyńska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6402-7857\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025610163\",\"display_name\":\"Michał K. Owecki\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9733-7085\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S122317144\",\"source_display_name\":\"Brain Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16040358\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7140611633" }, { "id": 3456, "title": "The QUANTUM Trip Trial - Psilocybin-assisted Therapy for Reducing Alcohol Intake in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial.", "normalized_title": "the quantum trip trial psilocybin assisted therapy for reducing alcohol intake in patients with alcohol use disorder a randomized double blinded placebo controlled clinical trial", "authors": "Anders Fink-Jensen, MD, DMSci", "abstract": "Note: The trial is only eligible for citizens of Denmark. The purpose of this project is to assess the treatment efficacy of a single high dose of psilocybin administered within a protocol of psychological support to patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD). To establish efficacy, we will investigate a single dose of psilocybin versus placebo in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled 12 weeks clinical trial. 90 patients, aged 20-70 years, diagnosed with alcohol use disorder and treatment seeking will be recruited from the community via advertisement and referrals from general practitioners and hospital units. The psilocybin or placebo is administered within a protocol of psychological support before, during and after the dosing. Outcome assessments will be carried out one, four, eight- and 12 weeks post dosing. The primary outcome is reduction in the percentage of heavy drinking days from baseline to follow-up at 12 weeks. Key secondary outcomes include 1) phosphatidyl-ethanol as an objective biomarker for alcohol consumption 2) plasma psilocin, the active metabolite, to establish a possible therapeutic range and 3) the acute subjective drug experience as a possible predictor of treatment outcome. Furthermore, we will investigate the neurobiological underpinnings of the possible treatment effects by use of functional magnetic resonance brain imaging one week post dosing.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05416229", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin, Maltodextrin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05416229\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3447, "title": "Elucidating the Relevance of the Psychedelic Experience to Psilocybin's Anti-Anhedonic Effects: A Randomized, Open-Label, Cross-Over Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Trial", "normalized_title": "elucidating the relevance of the psychedelic experience to psilocybin s anti anhedonic effects a randomized open label cross over functional magnetic resonance imaging trial", "authors": "Medical University of Vienna", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to systematically categorize potential prohedonic effects of psilocybin in patients with anhedonia in depression. The main questions it aims to answer are: Primary Objectives 1. Systematically categorize prohedonic effects (antianhedonic effects in patients with anhedonia in depression, increase in well-being in all participants). 2. Test effects of psilocybin on brain network complexity measures during the hedonic experience using fMRI as a correlate for prohedonic (anti-anhedonic and well-being increasing) effects. 3. Elucidate relevance of the psychedelic experience to these effects (clinical, behavioral, and imaging) in a pharmacological challenge using the 5-HT2A/D2 antagonist risperidone and extensive characterization of the psychedelic experience. Secondary Objectives 4. Test the differential effects of the psychedelic experience on fMRI paradigms measuring symptoms shown to be altered in anhedonia, more specifically reward processing and sexual arousal. 5. Test the relevance of neuroplasticity (BDNF) and inflammatory parameters to anti-anhedonic, well-being promoting, and brain network dynamic complexity effects. 6. Test the effects of the psychedelic experience on BDNF and inflammatory parameters. Researchers will compare the effects of psilocybin in two separate sessions (one with psilocybin alone, one with co-administration of risperidone) in both patients with depression and anhedonia and healthy control participants. Participants will: * Take 25 mg of psilocybin p.o. in two sessions, in one of the two sessions they will take 1 mg risperidone p.o. before ingestion of psilocybin, to block psilocybin's acute psychedelic effects. * Undergo 3 MRI sessions, one before the first psilocybin session ('baseline') and one session each on the day after each respective psilocybin session. * Perform a variety of tasks during each fMRI session to asses the treatment's effects on anhedonia.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07490353", "keywords": "Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Anhedonia, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), Psilocybin, Risperidone 1 MG, Risperidone, Risperdal, MRI, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07490353\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 217, "title": "Psilocybin: Chemical Foundations and Emerging Therapeutic Potential", "normalized_title": "psilocybin chemical foundations and emerging therapeutic potential", "authors": "Shivaputra A. Patil, Holly C. Hunsberger", "abstract": "Psilocybin, chemically known as (4-phosphoryloxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine, 4-PODMT), is derived from the psychoactive mushroom genus, Psilocybe. Of the four active metabolites, psilocin readily enters systemic circulation. The psychoactive effects of psilocin are thought to arise through partial agonist effects at the 5-HT2A receptor. Psychedelic drugs, including psilocybin, are having a renaissance, especially in mental health disorders, addiction, and cancer-related depression. The beneficial effects of psilocybin are expanding into brain injury and lifespan due to its ability to enhance neuroplasticity. However, the large-scale synthesis of psilocybin was the main challenge for the scientific community after the FDA's breakthrough therapy designation in 2018 for Treatment- Resistant Depression (TRD) and for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in 2019. Synthesizing psilocybin is challenging due to the complex reactions, a multi-step process that requires strict temperature control, hazardous reagents, and purification difficulties. The very first Hoffman's synthetic method was successfully modified by several medicinal chemistry research groups to obtain it on a kilogram scale to conduct important clinical trials. This mini review comprises a brief history, chemistry, and pharmacology, along with the therapeutic use in depression of this naturally occurring psychedelic.", "journal": "Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry", "publication_date": "2026-03-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.2174/0113895575429775260119043318", "pubmed_id": "41879500", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575429775260119043318", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Pharmacology, Psychology, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Medicine, Drug, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Process (computing), Major depressive disorder, Chemistry, Mental health, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Neuroscience, Antidepressant, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140303704\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140303704\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130589039\",\"display_name\":\"Shivaputra A. Patil\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016790931\",\"display_name\":\"Holly C. Hunsberger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4797-9311\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S162475533\",\"source_display_name\":\"Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575429775260119043318\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Longevity,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7140303704" }, { "id": 5, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: Perspective from meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder perspective from meta analysis", "authors": "Taro Kishi, Kenji Sakuma, Masakazu Hatano, Hiroyuki Uchida, Nakao Iwata", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-03-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.121675", "pubmed_id": "41876058", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121675", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Discontinuation, Nausea, Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Confidence interval, Depressive symptoms, Internal medicine, Meta-analysis, Major depressive episode, Incidence (geometry), Perspective (graphical), Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140041737\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140041737\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390755783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401700752\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405021720\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412073006\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413470543\",\"https://openalex.org/W7117705718\",\"https://openalex.org/W7131868995\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018647067\",\"display_name\":\"Taro Kishi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-2236\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130300985\",\"display_name\":\"Kenji Sakuma\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008425814\",\"display_name\":\"Masakazu Hatano\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-878X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130313963\",\"display_name\":\"Hiroyuki Uchida\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015137967\",\"display_name\":\"Nakao Iwata\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-6076\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121675\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7140041737" }, { "id": 3582, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Autism: a Pilot Trial With Pre-Post Brain and Cognitive Measurement to Understand Mechanism", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression in autism a pilot trial with pre post brain and cognitive measurement to understand mechanism", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "We propose a first-of-its-kind open-label clinical trial to investigate the feasibility, tolerability, and safety of administering psilocybin in autistic adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this study, 20 participants (intellectually able and fluent-speech adults) with autism and co-occurring TRD will receive around 20 hours of manualized psychotherapy that has previously been used with psilocybin (Agin-Liebes et al., 2020). They will also receive psilocybin at 2 different time points, firstly a safety dose of 10mg, followed by a treatment dose of 25mg. This study design is in accordance with previous studies investigating the use of psilocybin with psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) to treat TRD (Carhart-Harris et al., 2016, 2018) Each participant will begin with a screening visit (V1), during which eligibility will be determined through clinical and psychiatric assessments of the participant's physical and mental health. Following confirmation of eligibility, the study procedures will begin. The participant will begin with a 2-4 week tapering period during which they will taper and discontinue any conventional antidepressants. Most conventional antidepressants will require a minimum 2-week tapering period, with the exception of fluoxetine, which will require a 4-week tapering period. Additional time may be added at the discretion of the study investigator. During the tapering period, there will be weekly check-ins with a study psychiatrist by in-person assessment or brief telephone calls to monitor for worsening depression and suicidality. Following the tapering period, participant eligibility will be re-assessed for the eligibility. At Study Visit 2 (Baseline, V2), participants will complete a series of questionnaires and assessments (Table 2) and preparatory therapy with trained study therapists. The participant will also receive a brain MRI scan lasting for about 45 minutes. At Study Visits 3 \\& 4 (V3/V4), participants will receive oral doses of psilocybin (safety dose of 10 mg at V3, treatment dose of 25 mg at V4), to assess the tolerability and efficacy of psilocybin. These sessions will be held one week apart and will last 6 to 8 hours each. These sessions will take place in a pre-decorated treatment room at CAMH. Throughout the entire duration of the dosing sessions, participants will be monitored by a minimum of two trained therapists. At the end of each session, participants will be evaluated for safety by a study psychiatrist before being discharged. Participants will also rate the 11-Dimension Altered States of Consciousness (11D-ASC) at the end of each dosing day when the subjective effects of psilocybin have subsided to a negligible level. In addition, the participant will also receive a second brain MRI scan lasting for about 30 minutes (V3a) following V3 Safety dosing. To reduce participant burden, MRI scan can be completed on the following day or within 1-3 days following safety dosing (V3). The participants will also be required to complete the self-rated questionnaires at this additional MRI assessment. Visit 5 (V5) will be held one day after administration of the treatment dose (V4). During V5 the participants will complete post-treatment clinical and cognitive assessments, alongside the third and final MRI scan (of the main clinical trial design). Participants will also undergo a 1-hour integration therapy session to debrief their experiences the day before. Visit 6 (V6) will be held one week following the treatment dose (V4). During V6 a second 1-hour integration therapy session takes place and all post-treatment clinical assessments will be repeated. Subsequent clinical progress will be evaluated virtually at V7, V8, V9, which will respectively be held 2, 4, and 12 weeks following the treatment session (V4). 10 participants out of 20 participants in the main clinical trial could opt to receive 7 additional brain MRI scans besides the MRI scans at V2, V3a and V5 required in the main clinical trial. These 7 additional scans will be assessed at V1, in the middle of medication washout/tapering period V6, V7, V8, 8 weeks following the treatment dose (V4), and V9, respectively. At each optional MRI visit, self-rated assessments will also be collected.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-19", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06731621", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Psilocybin, Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06731621\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1974, "title": "PSILOCYBIN AS AN ADJUNCTIVE TREATMENT FOR DEPRESSION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS IN ONCOLOGY: CURRENT EVIDENCE AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as an adjunctive treatment for depression and psychological distress in oncology current evidence and clinical implications", "authors": "Anna Komarczewska, Michał Kociński, Patryk Iglewski, Michał Pietrasz, Jakub Idziński, Anna Lubomska", "abstract": "Depression and psychological distress are highly prevalent among patients with cancer and are associated with impaired quality of life, reduced treatment adherence, and poorer clinical outcomes. Standard pharmacological and psychosocial interventions often demonstrate limited efficacy or delayed onset of action in oncological and palliative settings. Psilocybin-assisted therapy has recently emerged as a potential adjunctive approach for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and existential distress in patients with life-threatening cancer. This narrative review synthesizes current clinical and neurobiological evidence regarding the use of psilocybin as an adjunctive treatment in oncology. Randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and case reports indicate that psilocybin administered within a structured psychotherapeutic framework may produce rapid and sustained reductions in depressive symptoms and anxiety, including improvements in existential well-being. Mechanistic findings suggest involvement of serotonergic 5-HT2A receptor activation, large-scale brain network modulation, and enhanced neuroplasticity. When applied in controlled clinical settings with appropriate screening and psychological support, psilocybin demonstrates a favorable safety profile. Although current evidence is promising, limitations related to sample size and methodological heterogeneity require cautious interpretation. Further well-designed trials are necessary to determine long-term efficacy and optimal integration into comprehensive cancer and palliative care.", "journal": "International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science", "publication_date": "2026-03-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.5034", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.5034", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Distress, Psychosocial, Psychological intervention, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Adjunctive treatment, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Psychopathology, Palliative care, Psychology, Serotonergic, Anxiety, Quality of life (healthcare), Cancer, Intervention (counseling), Clinical study design, Hallucinogen, Symptom relief, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164003040\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164003040\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309360340\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411787106\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412939048\",\"https://openalex.org/W7118088637\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138214715\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Komarczewska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7378-2607\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117509697\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Kociński\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117509696\",\"display_name\":\"Patryk Iglewski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124479078\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Pietrasz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138262915\",\"display_name\":\"Jakub Idziński\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1058-9615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121444146\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Lubomska\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210206754\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.5034\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7164003040" }, { "id": 3641, "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy for Demoralization Syndrome in Patients Diagnosed With Advanced Stage Cancer: a Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "safety and efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for demoralization syndrome in patients diagnosed with advanced stage cancer a pilot study", "authors": "Gustavo Vazquez", "abstract": "Demoralization syndrome is frequently present in palliative care and oncology patients. In particular, up to a third of patients diagnosed with cancer will experience demoralization due to their illness. The relevance of demoralization syndrome in oncology is tied to this syndrome's association with other mental health ailments such as depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and quality of life. Unfortunately, so far no pharmacological strategy has been devised for demoralization, and only a few psychotherapeutic approaches have been trialed in this population, though no psychotherapeutic treatments have been tested for demoralization specifically. The new wave of psychedelic research has been showing encouraging results in a broad spectrum of psychiatric diagnosis, including depression and anxiety in patients diagnosed with cancer and other life-threatening diseases. To date, no clinical trials have been published in which the potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics are explored for the treatment of demoralization syndrome. The aim of this open label pilot study is to assess the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a treatment for demoralization syndrome in patients diagnosed with cancer. Fifteen participants between the ages of 18 to 70 years with advanced stage cancer and demoralization syndrome will be enrolled in a treatment program which will include 6 psychotherapeutic sessions and one psilocybin (25 mg) dosing session. Our outcome of interest will be a decrease in demoralization, as measured by the Demoralization Scale at baseline and at the end of the study, and adverse events registration. Other measures of interest include Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Those patients with partial response a month after the psilocybin intervention will be offered the possibility of a second psilocybin 25 mg dosing session.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06818994", "keywords": "Demoralization, Safety, Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06818994\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3540, "title": "Evaluating the Role of Psilocybin Monitors in Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "evaluating the role of psilocybin monitors in psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression a pilot randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychological support in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of psilocybin monitors on the effects of psilocybin therapy in adults with treatment resistant depression. Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychological support in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of psilocybin monitors on the effects of psilocybin therapy in adults with treatment resistant depression.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07211438", "keywords": "Treatment-Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07211438\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 133, "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin in Treatment-Resistant Major Depression", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression", "authors": "Lea J. Mertens, Michael Koslowski, Felix Betzler, Manuela Brand, Ricarda Evens, Laura Kärtner, Andrea Jungaberle, Henrik Jungaberle, Tomislav Majić, Christian N. Schmitz, Andreas Ströhle, Dennis Scharf, Moritz Spangemacher, Max Wolff, Zahra Assadi, Scharif Bahri, Lilith Becher, Luca V. Färber, Niklas Kirchen, Eugenia Kulakova, Linda C. Kunz, Andy Meijer, Barbara Rohrmoser, Stefan Wellek, Moritz Berger, Gerhard Gründer", "abstract": "Importance: Psilocybin shows promise in treating depression, although limitations of previous research warrant further research. Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of oral psilocybin, 25 mg, with adjunct psychotherapy in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a 2-center, triple-blinded (investigator, participant, rater), phase 2b, active placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Participants were randomized to 4 groups in ratios 2:2:1:1, receiving 2 doses 6 weeks apart (week 0, week 6) as follows: (1) placebo (nicotinamide, 100 mg) then psilocybin, 25 mg; (2) psilocybin, 5 mg, then 25 mg; and (3) psilocybin, 25 mg, then 5 mg or psilocybin, 25 mg, twice embedded in psychotherapeutic sessions. Participants aged 25 to 65 years with TRD and withdrawn from antidepressant medication were recruited predominantly from 2 outpatient settings in Germany. Study data were analyzed from April 2024 to November 2025. Interventions: Oral synthetic psilocybin, 25 mg; psilocybin, 5 mg; or nicotinamide, 100 mg administered with psychotherapeutic sessions. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was treatment response (≥50% reduction on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAMD17]) at week 6 before the second dose. Key secondary end points were response on the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and mean change from baseline on the HAMD17 and BDI-II at week 6. Results: A total of 144 participants (mean [SD] age, 42.6 [10.8] years; 85 male [59.0%]) were randomized, and 142 were included in the primary efficacy analysis: psilocybin, 25 mg (n = 47), psilocybin, 5 mg (n = 48), and nicotinamide (n = 47). Response rates on the primary end point were 17.0% in the group receiving psilocybin, 25 mg; 12.5% in the group receiving psilocybin, 5 mg; and 10.6% in the group receiving nicotinamide. The first hierarchical comparison was nonsignificant (psilocybin, 25 mg vs nicotinamide, adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.73; 95% CI, 0.53-6.23; P =.19; 1-sided α P =.03); consequently, further formal testing was not performed. Analyses of key secondary end points (mean changes from baseline on HAMD17 and BDI-II) provided exploratory evidence of a clinically meaningful effect of psilocybin, 25 mg. Psilocybin, 25 mg, was linked to adverse events, predominantly acutely, and was associated with higher reports of suicidal ideation on dosing days (4% vs 1%-2% in comparator conditions). Two serious adverse reactions were reported after psilocybin, 25 mg, including 1 case of hallucinogen persisting perception disorder. Conclusion and Relevance: In this randomized clinical trial, psilocybin, 25 mg, with adjunct psychotherapy, was associated with a clinically meaningful reduction in depressive symptoms in individuals with TRD, although findings did not show a significant effect on the primary outcome. The treatment was well tolerated by most participants, although safety signals were observed. While overall this constituted an inconclusive trial, these results add to the existing evidence on the potential of psilocybin treatment for depression. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04670081.", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-03-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0132", "pubmed_id": "41848690", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0132", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive disorder, Major depressive episode, Severity of illness, Adverse effect, Young adult, Clinical trial, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138853109\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138853109\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1655045766\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069520581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089799315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098644261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964840460\",\"https://openalex.org/W3058958332\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129586996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379598244\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405029114\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412738512\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045306689\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Koslowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-9875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130062020\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Betzler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051417409\",\"display_name\":\"Manuela Brand\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054444045\",\"display_name\":\"Ricarda Evens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044522468\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Kärtner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016321877\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001710309\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065637165\",\"display_name\":\"Tomislav Majić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2950-6673\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077142042\",\"display_name\":\"Christian N. Schmitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1908-4026\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129883243\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Ströhle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000942578\",\"display_name\":\"Dennis Scharf\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129983509\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129781273\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130191345\",\"display_name\":\"Zahra Assadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067811740\",\"display_name\":\"Scharif Bahri\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090562448\",\"display_name\":\"Lilith Becher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093390890\",\"display_name\":\"Luca V. Färber\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080849074\",\"display_name\":\"Niklas Kirchen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031576236\",\"display_name\":\"Eugenia Kulakova\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-4802\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102613407\",\"display_name\":\"Linda C. Kunz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129846065\",\"display_name\":\"Andy Meijer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093861751\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara Rohrmoser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063934463\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Wellek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-8122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080177315\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Berger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0656-5286\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0132\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7138853109" }, { "id": 1976, "title": "Explainable AI framework for psilocybin depression treatment optimization", "normalized_title": "explainable ai framework for psilocybin depression treatment optimization", "authors": "Akey Sungheetha, R. Rajesh Sharma, Oluwasegun Julius Aroba, Sheila Mahapatra, P. D. Mahendhiran", "abstract": "Introduction This computational modeling study introduces a novel Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework for optimizing single-dose psilocybin treatment protocols through personalized intervention modeling using publicly available mental health datasets. All results presented are derived from novel simulated data and predictive modeling only, not from real-time clinical implementations or actual patient treatments. Methods The mathematical optimization model integrates digital twin technologies, multimodal depression detection systems, and Bayesian optimization algorithms to create comprehensive computational patient profiles with temporal resolution processing capabilities at 250 Hz sampling frequency. Validation employed three publicly available datasets: (1) the Psilocybin Precision Functional Mapping dataset from OpenNeuro containing neuroimaging data from 7 participants, (2) the MODMA multimodal mental disorder dataset with 53 participants including electroencephalography and audio signals, and (3) a meta-analytic psilocybin therapy outcomes dataset containing aggregated results from 10 clinical trials. The framework incorporates pharmacokinetic modeling with an absorption rate constant of 0.45 per hour and an elimination rate constant of 0.23 per hour, receptor occupancy dynamics based on a dissociation constant of 6.3 nanomolar, and simulated real-time monitoring protocols processing physiological parameters including heart rate variability, blood pressure measurements, and cortisol levels at a 1 Hz frequency. Results The simulated computational model demonstrates significant improvements in prediction accuracy, reaching 94.7%, and therapeutic transparency, achieving 89.3% explainability scores. Simulated validation demonstrates computational precision of 92.8% in predicting treatment response patterns across diverse patient populations in silico. The proposed computational methodology addresses key challenges in psychedelic-assisted therapy modeling through interpretable artificial intelligence models, achieving 96.2% computational safety index scores and 91.5% algorithmic compliance metrics in simulation environments. Energy-efficient computational architecture achieves 73.4% carbon footprint reduction through optimized algorithm design and sparse matrix representations. Discussion This study presents a theoretical computational framework for modeling therapeutic outcomes through simulation and prediction, establishing a foundation for future clinical validation through prospective randomized controlled trials. The framework supports sustainable digital mental healthcare delivery systems compatible with renewable energy infrastructure. All findings represent computational predictions and simulated scenarios requiring extensive clinical validation before any practical application.", "journal": "Frontiers in Computer Science", "publication_date": "2026-03-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3389/fcomp.2025.1652190", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2025.1652190", "keywords": "Computer science, Psilocybin, Artificial intelligence, Computational model, Machine learning, Major depressive disorder, Neuroimaging, Key (lock), Data mining, Data modeling, Computational complexity theory, Modular design, Pattern recognition (psychology), Global optimization, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": 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Sungheetha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129471237\",\"display_name\":\"R. Rajesh Sharma\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061417005\",\"display_name\":\"Oluwasegun Julius Aroba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3693-7255\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045493683\",\"display_name\":\"Sheila Mahapatra\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-0772\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129426571\",\"display_name\":\"P. D. Mahendhiran\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210211086\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Computer Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2025.1652190\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7136253679" }, { "id": 134, "title": "A randomized clinical trial of repeated doses of psilocybin for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder", "normalized_title": "a randomized clinical trial of repeated doses of psilocybin for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder", "authors": "Francisco A. Moreno, Katja Ehrmann Allen, Christopher B. Wiegand, Rajan Dunne, James I. Prickett, Brian Bayze, John J. B. Allen", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Current treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), including serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy, are often insufficient. Psilocybin, a 5HT2a agonist psychedelic, has shown promise for treating OCD, but rigorous evidence is still needed. AIMS: This randomized clinical trial evaluated safety, tolerability, and benefit of multiple psilocybin doses in OCD patients. METHODS: = 5 per condition), followed by four additional high-dose sessions (single-blind Phase 2). OCD severity was assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) following each session, and prospectively for 6 months. Safety was evaluated via adverse event systematic assessment, suicide severity rating, and psychosis screening. RESULTS: Psilocybin was generally well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events, or psychotic symptoms, and no significant changes in suicide severity scores. Psilocybin but not placebo significantly reduced YBOCS scores. At the end of 8-week treatment, after participants had received at least four high doses of psilocybin, 73.3% were responders (⩾35% reduction in YBOCS scores), with 40% in remission. These effects diminished but remained substantial at 6 months. Post hoc analysis of cumulative dosing correlated with YBOCS score reductions at the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of up to eight doses of psilocybin in a clinical research setting appears to be safe and potentially effective for patients with OCD. Larger trials are needed to further support efficacy and refine treatment protocols. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03300947.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-03-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02698811261424214", "pubmed_id": "41825921", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811261424214", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Adverse effect, Placebo, Medicine, Psychosis, Clinical trial, Reuptake inhibitor, Fluoxetine, Dosing, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Anesthesia, Psychiatry, Severity of illness, Internal medicine, Rating scale, Anxiety disorder, Obsessive compulsive, Agonist, Post-hoc analysis, Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Crossover study, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7135170485\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7135170485\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W122113993\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006001020\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087854982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108696783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138204170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141403362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2306891185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792086414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902990194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027721867\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109908198\",\"https://openalex.org/W3172784626\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214305299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310735641\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385954214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391286658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393359395\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394566107\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411969620\",\"https://openalex.org/W7113899315\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Francisco A. Moreno\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0700-6508\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104303567\",\"display_name\":\"Katja Ehrmann Allen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005073454\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher B. Wiegand\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109080350\",\"display_name\":\"Rajan Dunne\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023032729\",\"display_name\":\"James I. Prickett\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129046947\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Bayze\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"John J. B. Allen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-6720\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811261424214\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,OCD,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7135170485" }, { "id": 3473, "title": "Safety, Feasibility, and Tolerability of Psilocybin Treatment for Individuals With Functional Impairment Related to Mood, Anxiety, Trauma and/or Addiction Symptoms: An Open-label Proof-of-concept Study", "normalized_title": "safety feasibility and tolerability of psilocybin treatment for individuals with functional impairment related to mood anxiety trauma and or addiction symptoms an open label proof of concept study", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "The primary objective of this study is to investigate the safety, feasibility, and tolerability of psilocybin treatment in individuals with functional impairment due to psychiatric symptoms. The secondary objective of this study is to determine whether individuals with functional impairments due to psychiatric symptoms will experience statistically significant symptom reduction and functional improvement from baseline symptom measurements (Visit 3) to 1-week (Visit 7), 4-weeks (Visit 8), and 6-weeks (Visit 9) post dosing. The investigators will recruit individuals with mood, anxiety, trauma, addictive, or related symptomatology, and who have functional impairment associated with these symptoms. A DSM-5 diagnosis is not required (nor is it an exclusion). The investigators will allow for comorbidity and only exclude based on psychological and physiological safety considerations. Critically, this approach will allow us to assess the tolerability of our interventions in individuals who would typically be excluded from efficacy studies due to various comorbid DSM-5 conditions. The investigators will employ an open-label study where participants will be given one dose of oral psilocybin 25mg. The investigators will also have follow-up visits at 1, 4, and 6 weeks and an optional long-term follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months. In this Phase 1b proof-of-concept clinical trial, the investigators aim to investigate the safety, feasibility, and tolerability of treatment of oral psilocybin in participants with functional impairment due to depressive, anxiety, trauma addictive, or other psychiatric symptomatology, allowing for comorbidity and diagnostic complexity to mirror potential real-world clinical scenarios. Secondarily, The investigators will assess improvement in functional status and symptomatology. The investigators will employ an open-label study design, with participants receiving one dose of oral psilocybin. This is an open-label clinical trial with a single treatment arm and no blinding. All participants will receive 25 mg of oral psilocybin. All dosing will be accompanied by non-directive support before, during, and after treatment sessions.The rationale for conducting this study lies in recognizing that the narrow inclusion and exclusion criteria commonly employed in clinical trials may raise issues of external validity. While previous research has predominantly focused on specific diagnostic categories, our study aims to address these limitations by exploring the safety, feasibility, and tolerability of psilocybin in a heterogeneous population. This study also recognizes the importance of symptom-related functional impairment as a cross-cutting construct relevant to all diagnostic categories.This is a Phase 1b open-label clinical trial to determine the feasibility, tolerability and safety of psilocybin to reduce psychiatric symptoms in participants experiencing functional impairment. Participants will receive one dose of oral psilocybin (25mg). Follow-up visits for assessments and measures at 1-week, 4-week, and 6-week post psilocybin dosing. Long-term follow-up visits assessments and measures for participants who consent to long-term follow-up (reassessments of study measures) for 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month post dosing. Psilocybin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) occurs in nature in many species of mushrooms, including the genera Psilocybe, Conocybe, Gymnopilus, Panaeolus, and Strophparia. Its chemical formula is C12H17N2O4P. Psilocybin is a potent agonist at 5-HT2A/C receptors; potency of binding by related compounds to these receptors correlates with human potency as hallucinogens. Psilocybin is currently a Schedule I substance. Psilocybin will be orally administered in this study. Psilocybin will be administered in an opaque, size 2 gelatin capsule with approximately 180 ml of water to be orally ingested at Visit 5. The dose of psilocybin will be 25 mg. Descriptives for all safety measures (e.g., C-SSRS total and subscale scores, vitals, documented adverse events) will be compiled at all assessment intervals. Classification of adverse events will follow institute and regulatory body guidelines. Subsequent summary descriptives may focus on safety indices surrounding the dosing session and 1-week, 4 weeks, and 6-weeks after dosing. In addition, The investigators will perform descriptives and non-parametric analysis screen failure rates (including analysis of ineligibility), drop out rates pre and post dosing to determine feasibility and tolerability.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-10", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06442423", "keywords": "Transdiagnostic, Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Anxiety, PTSD Symptoms, PTSD, Substance Use, Substance Use Disorder (SUD), OCD, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06442423\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3228, "title": "Age moderates the relationship between psychedelics use and mental health in naturalistic settings", "normalized_title": "age moderates the relationship between psychedelics use and mental health in naturalistic settings", "authors": "Gregorio GD, Basset S, Manmohan H, Nixon WC, Pogaku A, Zhou J, Sanderson DJ, Lengieza ML, Bocchio M.", "abstract": "Abstract Depression and anxiety affect one in five adults, with age affecting prevalence. While clinical trials suggest classic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin, LSD) and non-classic psychedelics (e.g., MDMA, ketamine) may alleviate these symptoms, it remains unclear how these relationships function in naturalistic settings or how they vary across the lifespan. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1,088 adults (18-55 + years) to assess how lifetime psychedelic use - categorized as classic, non-classic, or mixed - relates to mental health. Using structural equation modeling, we found that age significantly moderates the relationship between psychedelic use and mental health outcomes. Specifically, classic psychedelic use was linked to lower depression and anxiety among younger adults, but these effects diminished with age - even reversing for anxiety in older participants. These age-related effects persisted independently of drug-use parameters - including dosage, frequency, and recency of use - and were moderated by mystical experiences for depression, but not for anxiety. Our findings suggest that age may be a meaningful moderator of mental health outcomes from psychedelic use. This underscores the potential value of age-stratified research to optimize the efficacy and safety of psychedelic-assisted interventions, including in aging populations.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-03-09", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9022170/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9022170/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1164283\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Longevity,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1936, "title": "Impact of formulation variables on the quality attributes of psilocybin-loaded oral thin films for early-phase development", "normalized_title": "impact of formulation variables on the quality attributes of psilocybin loaded oral thin films for early phase development", "authors": "Vorawut Wongumpornpinit, K Ingkaninan, Prapapan Temkitthawon, Neti Waranuch, Rhannanda Copetti Pivetta, Jieyu Zuo, Gabriel Lima Barros de Araújo, Nádia Bou-Chacra, Vijay Somayaji, Raimar Löebenberg", "abstract": "Psilocybin is an emerging investigational compound with therapeutic potential in neuropsychiatric disorders, creating a need for flexible and scalable dosage forms suitable for early clinical development. This study aimed to develop and evaluate psilocybin-loaded oral thin film (OTF) formulations as a dose-proportional platform for early-phase clinical use. OTFs were prepared using a solvent casting process and characterized with respect to physicochemical properties, drug loading, content uniformity, disintegration, dissolution behavior, and short-term stability. Psilocybin was fully solubilized in the aqueous phase and successfully incorporated into the polymeric film matrix. All formulations disintegrated and dissolved within 180 s. Drug loading ranged from 6.73% to 24.07%, with recovery between 89.78% and 99.56%. The maximum amorphous psilocybin loading without detectable crystallinity was 11.75%. Stability studies conducted at 25 ± 2 °C / 60 ± 5% RH and 40 ± 2 °C / 75 ± 5% RH over three months demonstrated no significant changes in film appearance or drug content. A psilocybin-loaded oral thin film formulation with acceptable short-term physical and chemical stability was successfully developed, supporting its suitability for early-phase pharmaceutical development. Owing to their inherent dose proportionality based on film size, OTFs enable flexible dose adjustment and broad dose exploration within a single bracketed stability program, supporting efficient formulation development for early-phase clinical trials.", "journal": "Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology", "publication_date": "2026-03-09", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108228", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108228", "keywords": "Materials science, Dissolution, Psilocybin, Thin film, Crystallinity, Amorphous solid, Chemical engineering, Solvent, Drug, Casting, Nanotechnology, Phase (matter), Chemical stability, Solubility, Composite material, Biomedical engineering, Dosage form, Composite number, Aqueous solution, Pharmaceutics, Process engineering, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery, Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7134964970\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7134964970\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W104984337\",\"https://openalex.org/W1543696264\",\"https://openalex.org/W1692784501\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981738836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013926500\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050562484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075179133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087417494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107717539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113727084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129382029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2253675932\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2736576008\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801499266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3042484721\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3202598694\",\"https://openalex.org/W3208218593\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281699331\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292982764\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323924592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384341558\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385357084\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390640257\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396666255\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402534884\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404167821\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411339140\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117541024\",\"display_name\":\"Vorawut Wongumpornpinit\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5128142326\",\"display_name\":\"K Ingkaninan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117761475\",\"display_name\":\"Prapapan Temkitthawon\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1640-0988\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007006760\",\"display_name\":\"Neti Waranuch\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7476-7288\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5128768479\",\"display_name\":\"Rhannanda Copetti Pivetta\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026630792\",\"display_name\":\"Jieyu Zuo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-2173\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085765815\",\"display_name\":\"Gabriel Lima Barros de Araújo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7590-3587\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nádia Bou-Chacra\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051621881\",\"display_name\":\"Vijay Somayaji\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108132232\",\"display_name\":\"Raimar Löebenberg\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S97205441\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108228\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7134964970" }, { "id": 242, "title": "Psilocybin or Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation", "normalized_title": "psilocybin or nicotine patch for smoking cessation", "authors": "MW Johnson, Gideon P. Naudé, Peter S. Hendricks, Albert Garcia-Romeu", "abstract": "Importance: Annual tobacco-related death estimates are 480 000 in the US and 8 million worldwide, surpassing mortality for other abused substances. Most smoking cessation interventions result in modest long-term success. Objective: To compare prolonged smoking abstinence rates in smokers receiving psilocybin plus cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with those receiving the nicotine patch plus CBT. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this pilot randomized clinical trial, participants and investigators were unblinded to treatment condition, including an optional crossover after completion of the primary end point. Data were collected from psychiatrically healthy adult smokers from January 20, 2015, to May 8, 2023, at the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, an academic medical center and teaching hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. Intervention: The trial randomized cigarette smokers to receive either 1 high dose (30 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin or initiate 8 to 10 weeks of US Food and Drug Administration-approved nicotine patch treatment on the target quit date. Both groups received a 13-week manualized CBT program for smoking cessation. Main Outcomes and Measures: Biochemically verified prolonged smoking abstinence (primary) and 7-day point prevalence abstinence (secondary) at 6 months after the target quit date were compared between groups using intention-to-treat analysis. Results: A total of 82 psychiatrically healthy adult smokers (mean [SD] age, 47.6 [12.0] years; 49 [59.8%] male) participated in the study, with 68 (82.9%) completing the 6-month follow-up. At 6-month follow-up, 17 participants receiving psilocybin (40.5%) exhibited biochemically verified prolonged abstinence compared with 4 participants using the nicotine patch (10.0%) (odds ratio, 6.12; 95% CI, 1.99-23.26; P =.003), and 22 participants receiving psilocybin (52.4%) exhibited biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence compared with 10 participants using the nicotine patch (25.0%) (odds ratio, 3.30; 95% CI, 1.32-8.70; P =.01). No serious adverse events were attributed to psilocybin or nicotine patch. Conclusions and Relevance: In this pilot randomized clinical trial, 1 dose of psilocybin with manualized CBT significantly increased long-term abstinence compared with nicotine patch treatment with CBT. Psilocybin abstinence rates were higher than typical treatments, suggesting promise for tobacco smoking cessation. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01943994.", "journal": "JAMA Network Open", "publication_date": "2026-03-09", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.0972", "pubmed_id": "41805956", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.0972", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Nicotine patch, Abstinence, Medicine, Smoking cessation, Nicotine, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Nicotine withdrawal, Crossover study, Relapse prevention, Pharmacotherapy, Clinical trial, Craving, Psychological intervention, Cigarette smoking, Drug, Anesthesia, Clinical endpoint, Placebo, Young adult, Varenicline, Adjunctive treatment, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Dosing, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Smoking Behavior and Cessation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7134891055\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7134891055\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975195775\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013762461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039460330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077348308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088785539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130544434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141348739\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145615919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2332466845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341453749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2569987730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605721783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803378721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806909877\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973074133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978389675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999261467\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012261821\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092861045\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135005144\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210930773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283275230\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292528167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293080285\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296148892\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306945840\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376223664\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409483503\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103543660\",\"display_name\":\"MW Johnson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5128807143\",\"display_name\":\"Gideon P. Naudé\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004506349\",\"display_name\":\"Peter S. Hendricks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5128913893\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210217848\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Network Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.0972\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7134891055" }, { "id": 3654, "title": "An Open-Label, Phase 1 Study of the Safety Pharmacokinetic Profile, and Preliminary Efficacy, of Organic Whole Psilocybin-Containing Mushrooms in Patients Suffering From PTSD", "normalized_title": "an open label phase 1 study of the safety pharmacokinetic profile and preliminary efficacy of organic whole psilocybin containing mushrooms in patients suffering from ptsd", "authors": "Suzanne \"Sue\" Sisley MD", "abstract": "This study will examine the safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin mushrooms to treat adults with PTSD. Up to 24 participants will take part in this study. Each participant will ingest psilocybin from dried mushrooms in a chocolate formulation.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-08", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07275970", "keywords": "PTSD, Psychedelic, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07275970\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3626, "title": "The Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin in Anorexia Nervosa in Young Adults", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in anorexia nervosa in young adults", "authors": "Region Skane", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if psilocybin, given with psychological support, is safe and helps treat anorexia nervosa in young adults. Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that currently has no approved medicine. Psilocybin is a psychedelic substance that may help the brain form new connections, which could make it easier for people with anorexia nervosa to develop healthier ways of thinking. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Is psilocybin with psychological support safe and well-tolerated? * Does psilocybin with psychological support help lower symptoms of anorexia nervosa? * How might psilocybin work in the brain to support recovery from anorexia? This study will compare psilocybin with psychological support to Treatment as Usual (TAU). Participants in the study will be randomly placed into one of the two groups. There will be 40 patients with anorexia nervosa included, 20 per group. TAU includes the standard care people receive for anorexia nervosa in a specialized eating disorder clinic in Region Skåne, Sweden. Participants will: * Be between 16 and 35 years old and have anorexia nervosa * Take psilocybin (25 mg) by mouth two times, four weeks apart * Receive psychological support before, during, and after each dosing session (including preparation and integration sessions) * Complete questionnaires, have brain scans (magnetic resonance imaging) and blood tests to learn more about how psilocybin may work * Share their personal experiences as part of a qualitative interview This study hopes to learn if psilocybin, when given with the right support, can be a helpful and safe option for people living with anorexia nervosa. Background and Rationale Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is one of the most lethal psychiatric disorders, with mortality rates approximately five times higher than that of the general population. AN affects multiple organ systems due to severe weight loss and malnutrition and hence leads to a substantial decline in health-related quality of life. While psychotherapies have shown partial efficacy, data suggest that only 46% of patients recover within four years, and 20% remain chronically ill. Relapse rates exceed 50% among those who recover, underscoring the need for more effective treatments. Research suggests that several psychological factors, such as challenges in regulating emotions, black-and-white thinking, mental rigidity, and a limited capacity for mentalization may contribute to the persistence of severe, chronic anorexia nervosa. The age of onset for AN typically shows a bimodal distribution, peaking at 14 and 18 years of age, motivating the design of including patients as young as 16 years old in this study. Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic compound, primarily acts as an agonist of the 5-HT2A receptor, inducing profound effects on cognition, emotion, perception, and self-awareness. Although research on psilocybin remains limited, clinical trials across psychiatric disorders suggest its potential therapeutic benefit. For example personality changes such as increased openness, have been observed to persist up to a year following a single high dose. The inclusion of 16-17-year-olds in this study is particularly novel, as research on psychedelic therapy in adolescents and young adults remains scarce. Emerging evidence highlights how psychedelics may benefit AN patients, such as enhanced serotonin signaling and cognitive flexibility. The ability of psychedelics to foster cognitive flexibility, a well-documented phenomenon, is considered a key factor in therapeutic processes. This is especially relevant for AN, where rigid thinking and behavior contribute to treatment resistance. One pilot study demonstrated that a 25 mg psilocybin dose, combined with psychological support, was well-tolerated by female AN patients with a body mass index (BMI) \\>16. The study reported significant reductions in eating disorder symptoms at one month post-treatment, with only mild and transient adverse events. Recent studies indicate that psilocybin induces significant changes in brain function and network organization across key regions. Notably, psilocybin disrupts connectivity in the default mode network by causing desynchronization across spatial scales. These findings suggest a neurobiological basis for psilocybin´s therapeutic effect. However, further research is needed to elucidate long-term effects, particularly in clinical context. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has demonstrated utility in detecting neuronal abnormalities in AN. This study's use of fMRI before and after psilocybin treatment will provide critical insights into the neurobiological impacts of psilocybin on AN. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a protein that plays a crucial role in neuroplasticity. Preclinical studies show that psilocybin promotes neuritogenesis and synaptic plasticity, potentially via increased cortical BDNF expression. Given that individuals with AN exhibit reduced serum BDNF levels, this study will assess changes in BDNF pre- and post-treatment to elucidate psilocybin's impact on neurobiological mechanisms. These insights may advance treatment optimization and efficacy predictions for AN patients. Study Objectives Primary Objective is to assess the safety and tolerability of psilocybin 25 mg in young adults (16-35 years old) with anorexia nervosa. Secondary objectives include evaluating the efficacy of psilocybin with psychological support in reducing AN symptom compared to treatment as usual (TAU), investigate potential mechanisms of action through self-report questionnaires, neuroimaging and BDNF analysis, and conduct qualitative analysis of subjective experiences. Neuroimaging will investigate changes in brain resting state connectivity (measured by fMRI), and commonly used task-based fMRI paradigms. The task-based paradigms will involve food-related conditions, commonly used in the population (Celeghin et al., 2023; Bronleigh et al., 2022) as well as established paradigms involved in processing reward anticipation (Knutson et al., 2000; Ventorp et al 2022) Trial Design and Procedures This is a phase II, open-label, randomized controlled trial with two arms: 1. Active treatment arm; Two dosing sessions with psilocybin 25mg with psychological support alongside TAU. 2. Active comparator control arm; TAU only. The study will include 40 participants, 20 in each group. If the active treatment arm is determined to be safe, tolerable, and preliminarily effective during the follow-up assessment, participants in the control group will have the option to switch to the active treatment while maintaining their usual specialized care. The switch to psilocybin treatment will follow the same preparation, dosing, and integration protocols as outlined for the intervention group. This design minimizes ethical concerns regarding withholding a potentially effective treatment. Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to either the intervention or control group. Block randomization stratified by age group (16-18 and 19-35 years) will ensure balanced representation. Given the small sample size of 40 participants (20 per group), the statistical power to detect between-group differences is inherently limited, irrespective of blinding. As such, the trial is appropriately designed as a pilot study, with a primary focus on assessing safety, feasibility, and tolerability. To enhance interpretation, qualitative and neurobiological measures are also included. A formal power calculation was not conducted, in line with the exploratory nature of the study. The sample size was determined based on practical feasibility and aligns with current recommendations for early-phase trials of novel interventions. A post-hoc power analysis will be conducted to evaluate whether the sample size was sufficient to detect clinically meaningful changes in the primary outcomes. Details on location and Data Collection Methods All procedures will be conducted at the University Hospital for Psychiatry, Baravägen 1, Lund, except the fMRI assessments which are performed at the The National 7 Tesla (7T) Facility in Lund. All assessments will be carried out by qualified personnel appointed by the principal investigator, including medical doctors, nurses, and psychologists. The National 7T Facility will appoint qualified personnel for fMRI assessment. The duration of the entire trial is from the first screening of the first patient to the last follow up of the last patient. For each patient participant, the duration of the trial is from the screening to the last follow up at week 52 (12 month). Patient rehospitalization and additional interventions data are collected in patient journal registers. Pre-Study Activity Following ethical approval, a focus group will be conducted with patients with anorexia nervosa in two different groups, one aged 16-18 and one 19-35 years. The purpose is to provide study information, gather feedback on the clarity and ethical aspects of the protocol, and identify ways to improve potential benefit. Input from this focus group will inform study quality, recruitment materials, communication strategies and ethical aspects of psilocybin research experienced by the population. Any amendments based on this will be processed according to CTIS protocol. Screening Phase Screening includes psychiatric and medical history, inclusion/exclusion criteria assessment, safety blood tests (glucose, liver, kidney), electrocardiogram (ECG), informed consent (with a 2-week consideration period), pregnancy test and urine toxicology (U-tox). The time from screening to the first psilocybin dose must not exceed 8 weeks, regardless of washout status. Potential participants will be screened by a psychiatric clinician appointed by the principal investigator to ensure eligibility and understanding of the study requirements. Preparation Phase Preparation Session 1 \\& Baseline Assessment (Week -1): Psychoeducation about psilocybin, breathing and relaxation techniques, rapport-building with therapists, and discussion of expectations and concerns. Includes full baseline assessments (list provided as attachment to protocol: * Expectation of Treatment Scale (ETS-BF) * Readiness and Motivation Questionnaire (RMQ) * General Change Mechanisms Questionnaire (GCMQ) * Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) * Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) * Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q ) * Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) * Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale - Extended (BPRS+) * Life Satisfaction Scale (LS) * Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) * Harmony in Life Scale (HILS) * Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) * Honesty-Humility Scale (HH) Vital signs, ECG, fasting glucose, urine drug screening, fMRI, BMI, metric assessment of body size perception and blood sampling for BDNF and safety labs are also conducted. Preparation Session 2 (Week 0): 7-10 days after Preparation 1, and 2-3 days before psilocybin dosing. Dosing and Integration Phase Dosing Session 1 (Week 0): Psilocybin 25 mg under therapeutic support with ECG and blood pressure/pulse monitoring. Integration Session 1 (Day after Dosing 1): Reflection, fMRI, blood sampling (including glucose, liver, kidney, BDNF), and reassessments with RMQ, GCMQ, PHQ-9, GAD-7, C-SSRS, BPRS+, LS, PANAS, HILS, TIPI, ECG and blood pressure/pulse. Psychedelic Experience related scales; Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale (5D-ASC), Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ-4), Meaningful Life Experience Rating (MLE). Integration Session 2 (Week 1): Continued psychological integration support. Integration Session 3 (Week 2-3): Summary of first dosing experience and preparation for second dosing. Dosing Session 2 (Week 4): Second psilocybin 25 mg administration under identical conditions as first dosing session. Integration Session 4 (Day after Dosing 2): Reflection, blood sampling (including glucose, liver, kidney, BDNF), and reassessments with RMQ, GCMQ, PHQ-9, GAD-7, C-SSRS, BPRS+, LS, PANAS, HILS, TIPI, ECG and blood pressure/pulse. Psychedelic Experience related scales; Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale (5D-ASC), Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ-4), Meaningful Life Experience Rating (MLE). Integration Session 5 (Week 5-6): Final integration session and preparation for long-term follow-up. Primary Endpoint (Week 8) Includes full safety and outcome evaluations: * fMRI * blood sampling (including glucose, liver, kidney, glucose, BDNF) * Vital signs, ECG, U-tox * BMI * Metric assessment of body size perception * Adverse Event/Serious Adverse Event (AE/SAE) monitoring * Readiness and Motivation Questionnaire (RMQ) * General Change Mechanisms Questionnaire (GCMQ) * Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) * Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) * Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q ) * Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) * Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale - Extended (BPRS+) * Life Satisfaction Scale (LS) * Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) * Harmony in Life Scale (HILS) * Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) * Honesty-Humility Scale (HH) Intensive Follow-Up Phase (Week 8-24) Follow-up visits at Week 12, 16, and 20 include: * Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q ) * Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) * Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale - Extended (BPRS+) * AE/SAE monitoring * BMI, blood pressure, ECG * Fasting glucose, U-tox 6-Month Follow-Up (Week 24) Same as primary endpoint assessments, including: * blood sampling (including glucose, liver, kidney, BDNF) * Vital signs, ECG, U-tox * BMI * Metric assessment of body size perception * AE/SAE monitoring * Readiness and Motivation Questionnaire (RMQ) * General Change Mechanisms Questionnaire (GCMQ) * Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) * Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) * Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q ) * Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) * Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale - Extended (BPRS+) * Life Satisfaction Scale (LS) * Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) * Harmony in Life Scale (HILS) * Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) * Honesty-Humility Scale (HH) Extended Follow-Up Phase (Week 24-52) 9-Month Follow-Up (Week 36) * Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q ) * Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) * Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale - Extended (BPRS+) * AE/SAE monitoring * BMI, blood pressure, ECG * Fasting glucose, U-tox 12-Month Final Follow-Up (Week 52) * Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q ) * Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) * Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale - Extended (BPRS+) * Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) * Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) * Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) * Meaningful Life Experience Rating (MLE). * AE/SAE monitoring * BMI, blood pressure, ECG * Fasting glucose, U-tox Participants who show signs of psychological or physical deterioration at any point during the study between follow-ups are instructed to contact the research team at any time and will be offered additional assessment and support. Description of Psilocybin Administration and Psychological support Psychological support includes a non-directive preparation and integration pre- and post-dosing sessions according to protocol manual, alongside support for the patient on the dosing session day. The study follows the guidelines for safe research with psychedelics. Preparation session will include psychoeducation of the effects of psilocybin, breathing techniques, getting to know the two therapists (one male and one female). A standardized preparation script will ensure consistency across participants. The two integration sessions following each dosing session last 1-2 h and focus on exploring the session's effects and offer support in integrating the experience. Integration sessions will include structured discussions about insights gained, with therapists facilitating connections between the experience and the participant's therapeutic goals. The therapists couple will contain at least one licensed healthcare personnel (psychologist, nurse, physiotherapist or physician). The assistant therapist can be non-licensed healthcare personnel experienced with the anorexia nervosa population, such as a healthcare assistant. All psychological support therapists must have done all specific 5-day training in the psiAN manual. Dosing session day The dosing session, lasting 6-8 hours, is supported by the therapists introduced during preparation sessions. The psilocybin's acute effects persist for 4-6 hours, recorded via video and audio. Participants, lie down with an optional eye mask, experience the session in a comfortable room with a pre-selected music playlist, respecting individual preferences. Therapists provide support and guidance if requested but with minimal psychotherapeutic focus. Therapists will follow pre-established protocols for de-escalation and grounding in case of distressing experiences. Parents are introduced at the session's end with participant approval. During the dosing session, a medically trained study doctor will be available, equipped for emergencies in the unlikely event of serious adverse events related to psilocybin risks. Biological Sampling Procedures Blood samples will be collected for the analysis of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) as the primary biomarker and for tolerance and safety measurements. Additionally, we aim to collect one tube of additional whole blood per occasion for future analysis. BDNF samples will be taken at five key time points: (1) before treatment (baseline), (2) and (3) at first integration session after Psilocybin 25mg dosing, (4) at 8 weeks, and (5) during the 6-month follow-up. This ensures comprehensive longitudinal data collection. Blood samples of glucose, kidney and liver status will be measured at the same time points as above for safety and tolerance reasons. None of these blood samples are collected or stored. All blood samples are done by a standard peripheral venous sampling method performed by a nurse at the research facility at the university hospital clinic for psychiatry at Baravägen 1, Lund. Procedures will be implemented to minimize discomfort during blood collection, such as using pediatric needles for younger participants when necessary. Blood collection and processing will follow standardized protocols to ensure sample integrity. Discontinuation from the Clinical Trial A participant will be discontinued entirely from the clinical trial (i.e., all further participation and follow-up will end) only under the following condition: Withdrawal of informed consent at any time, for any reason, without the need to justify. Discontinuation from the Intervention (Dosing) Participants may be discontinued from the intervention (i.e., psilocybin administration - first or second dose), without being excluded from the trial. Participants will be encouraged to continue with follow-up assessments unless they explicitly withdraw consent. This approach allows for continued safety and data collection in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Reasons for discontinuing intervention may include: * Development or discovery of exclusion criteria after inclusion (e.g. new psychiatric diagnosis, pregnancy). * Emergence of a serious adverse event (SAE) or medical condition that, in the investigator's judgment, makes continued treatment unsafe. * Initiation of treatment with prohibited medication according to protocol. * Failure to adhere to critical aspects of the study protocol (e.g. repeated missed visits, non-compliance with preparation or safety procedures). * Investigator decision in consultation with the medical monitor. The reason for discontinuation will be documented. Participants will be offered a final follow-up visit when appropriate. Non-compliance to fMRI will not lead to study exclusion nor discontinuation of the intervention. Methods for Measurement of Endpoints for Clinical Safety Continuous clinical safety monitoring will be performed by licensed healthcare professionals at Lund University Hospital throughout the trial, from baseline to the final 12-month follow-up. The safety evaluations cover physical, biochemical, and psychological parameters relevant to psilocybin administration. Measurements for assessing clinical safety will include blood samples of hepatic and renal function, glucose, urine toxicology, cardiovascular parameters, assessment of suicidality, assessment of mental health symptoms and and assessment of Adverse Events/Serious Adverse Events/Suspected Unexpected Serious Adverse Reactions (AE/SAE/SUSARs). Assessment of Adverse Events Participants are instructed to contact the research team during daytime hours for urgent concerns. Outside of study hours, they are directed to seek emergency services. Events will be assessed by the clinical team for causality, intensity, and seriousness and potential relationship to treatment (psilocybin 25mg). The investigator is responsible for determining whether there is a causal relationship between the AE/SAE and use of the investigational medicinal product. Consideration should be given to whether there is a reasonable possibility of establishing a causal relationship between the adverse event and the investigational medicinal product based on the analysis of the available evidence. All AE can be categorized as either likely related, possibly related, unlikely related or not related. Those AEs which are suspected of having a causal relationship to the investigational medicinal product will be followed up until the subject has recovered or is well taken care of and on the way to good recovery. Each adverse event shall be classified by an investigator as mild, moderate or severe. Follow-up of Adverse Events Follow-up visits will be scheduled for all participants experiencing AEs to ensure resolution and ongoing safety. Participants with unresolved AEs at the end of the trial will be monitored until resolution or stabilization. For SAEs, additional follow-ups will be scheduled at least every two weeks until resolution. The frequency can be changed by the Safety Review Committee or Principal Investigator. Procedures in Case of Emergencies and Overdose Emergency protocols are in place, including immediate medical care and monitoring. In case of an overdose, the participant will be transferred to an emergency facility. Emergency kits, including benzodiazepines for anxiety or seizures, will be available during all dosing sessions. Pregnancy Management Participants who can become pregnant must use a highly effective form of contraception during the study and for two months after the last psilocybin dose. Approved methods include hormonal contraception, IUDs, sterilization, vasectomized partner, or abstinence. Urine pregnancy tests will be done at screening, before each psilocybin session, and as needed during follow-up. Psilocybin's effects on pregnancy are unknown. To reduce possible risks, strict contraception and testing protocols are required. Interim Analysis Following two administration sessions of 25mg psilocybin, a panel of three senior psychiatrists, who are not part of the research team, will conduct an evaluation of the safety data and adherence to the protocol. This analysis will be repeated after a total of 20 psilocybin administrations have been completed. After 25 patients over 18 have been through dosing sessions, patients 16-17 will be recruited. Methods for Measurement of Endpoints for Clinical Efficacy Composite Relapse Endpoint: BMI Decrease: Measured at baseline, 8 weeks, and 6 months using calibrated equipment and standardized protocols. Hospitalization Data: Collected through patient reports and confirmed by medical records. Symptom Deterioration: Assessed using validated tools such as the EDE-Q6.0 and clinical interviews conducted by trained staff. Clinical Intervention Use: Recorded in patient files, including initiation of new treatments during follow-up. Statistics Analysis Population Both the Intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol populations will be analyzed. ITT analysis will include all participants who are randomized, regardless of protocol adherence, to ensure generalizability. Per-protocol analysis will focus on participants who completed the study as planned, ensuring the assessment of efficacy under ideal conditions. Statistical Analyses Primary Baseline Analyses: The primary analyses will involve descriptive statistics for demographic and baseline characteristics, ensuring comparability across groups, and control for follow-up measurements. Primary Endpoints analysis We will analyze differences in the number of participants and severity experiencing adverse event/serious adverse event (AE/SAE) between the groups standardized forms for AE/SAE capturing: Event description, Start and end dates, Severity (e.g., mild, moderate, severe), Relatedness to intervention (assessed by safety review committee), Action taken. The primary statistical methods will be: Descriptive Frequencies and Percentages. Comparing Proportions (Most Common for \"Incidence\") (Chi-squared test (or Fisher's Exact Test): Fisher's exact test is preferred for small cell counts (\\ 1 would indicate a higher risk in the intervention group. Comparing Severity and Relatedness is assessed with Mann-Whitney U test or Student t-test to compare severity distributions between groups. Secondary Endpoints: For secondary endpoints (e.g., changes in fMRI connectivity, BDNF, rating scales), group comparisons, including t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Repeated Measures ANOVA will be utilized. When controlling for variables such as individual differences, ANCOVA or Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) will be utilized. Principal component analysis (PCA) or independent component analysis (ICA) may be applied to identify patterns in fMRI data. Endpoints include longitudinal between- and within-person analyses. When dichotomous (binary) outcome variables: Binary outcomes (e.g., remission, response rates) will be analyzed using logistic regression models, adjusting for baseline characteristics such as age, baseline BMI, and symptom severity. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals will be reported. When continuous (dimensional) variables (e.g., BMI, BDNF levels, cognitive flexibility) will be analyzed using linear mixed-effects models, and regression models of various types. Other: Exploratory Subgroup Analyses: Exploratory subgroup analyses will assess treatment effects across different strata (e.g., age groups, baseline severity) using interaction terms in regression models or stratified analyses to explore heterogeneity in treatment responses. Other: Sensitivity Analyses: Sensitivity analyses will address missing data using methods such as multiple imputation or maximum likelihood estimation. These methods ensure robustness of the findings by accounting for the potential impact of missing data on primary and secondary outcomes. Adjustment of Significance and Confidence Interval A Bonferroni correction or false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment will be applied for multiple comparisons to control Type I error. Results will be presented with 95% confidence intervals, and significance will be set at a two-tailed p-value of \\", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07169747", "keywords": "Anorexia Nervosa, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07169747\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Eating Disorders,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Biomarkers,Aging,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Adolescents,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3616, "title": "A Phase 2b Double-blind, Randomized, Low-dose Comparator-controlled Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of NPX-5 in Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Adjustment Disorder Associated With Cancer.", "normalized_title": "a phase 2b double blind randomized low dose comparator controlled clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of npx 5 in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of adjustment disorder associated with cancer", "authors": "Psyence Australia Pty Ltd", "abstract": "This study is assessing the efficacy and safety of NPX-5 in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of adjustment disorder due to cancer diagnosis. Who is it for? This study is for people who are aged between 18 and 80 years old and suffer from anxiety after adjusting to an acutely stressful event of their cancer diagnosis. This is called adjustment disorder. Study details Participants in this study will be randomly allocated by chance (similar to flipping a coin) to one of three groups: a 25mg NPX-5 dose group, a 10 mg NPX-5 dose group or a 1mg NPX-5 dose group. Participants will be allocated a dose that will be administered during their psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) dosing session. The PAP dosing session will run approximately 8 hours, with NPX-5 administered at Day 14 (dosing day). At Week 10, non-responders that continue to meet the study eligibility criteria may commence an additional PAP cycle (at 25 mg NPX-5). A maximum of 2 PAP cycles may be administered. Long term follow up will comprise of a study visit at 3 months post Week 10 (of the final cycle) to assess safety and tolerability of NPX-5. It is hoped that this research will develop important scientific knowledge that could contribute to the development of a potential new treatment for anxiety and depression after adjusting to an acutely stressful event such as a cancer diagnosis. This is a randomized, double-blind, low-dose comparator-controlled Phase IIb study to investigate the efficacy and safety of PAP with 25 mg, 10 mg and 1 mg \\[low-dose comparator) NPX-5, for the treatment of adjustment disorder symptoms in participants diagnosed with cancer. The referring oncologist will indicate that the participant is physically capable of undergoing psychedelic encounter and is likely to have a minimum life expectancy of 6 months. At least 87 adult participants (age 18 to 80 at screening) with a diagnosis of AjD due to cancer diagnosis will be enrolled in this study. Participants will be randomly assigned with a ratio of 1:1:1 to receive Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy (PAP) with either 25 mg, 10 mg or 1 mg NPX-5. Both the site staff treating participants and the participants themselves will be blinded to the treatments being administered. The study consists of a combination of clinic visits and telehealth phone calls to support this vulnerable participant population. The clinic will have experience with conducting PAP. All study visits be carried out by suitably qualified individuals and wherever possible, the same therapist will meet with study participants for in-person and telehealth appointments. Participants will undertake a screening visit between Day -45 and Day -2 to determine eligibility to participate in the study. Those participants that meet the eligibility criteria will attend the study site on Day 1 when continued eligibility will be assessed and baseline assessments performed. Participants must complete three preparation sessions with the therapist prior to dosing session. Two of these sessions can be completed remotely via telehealth and have flexible timing, provided there is at least one day between each session. One preparation session must be done in person in the dosing room, ideally during a site visit on Day 13. Additionally, at least one preparation session must include the sitter or secondary therapist. The primary therapist has the discretion to include the sitter or secondary therapist in more preparation or integration sessions based on their assessment. The clinic site visits will comprise Day 1, Day 13 (day prior dosing session), Day 14 (dosing session), Day 15 (integration session) and Day 70/Week 10 (follow-up) post-randomization. There will be ± 3 days for a dosing session allowed. Subsequently, all relevant visits will be adjusted accordingly. In addition, participants will be required to attend following telehealth appointments: * Two telehealth appointments for preparatory sessions within 2 weeks prior to dosing session. * One telehealth appointment for integration therapy session in the two weeks following the dosing session. * Follow up telehealth appointments on Day 28 (Week 4), Day 42 (Week 6). * Final study follow-up telehealth appointment at 3 months post the Day 70 (Week 10) visit of the final PAP cycle for final safety assessments. Non responders (for criteria see Section 5.5.2) at Day 70 (Week 10) that continue to meet the study eligibility criteria, may commence an additional PAP cycle (at 25 mg NPX-5). These participants will repeat the schedule described above, including the visit the day prior to dosing session, the actual dosing session, and the integration sessions. A maximum of 2 PAP cycles may be administered.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-02", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07072728", "keywords": "Adjustment Disorder, Adjustment Disorder With Anxious Mood, Cancer, Cancer Cachexia, Cancer of Endometrium, Cancer of Kidney, Cancer of Prostate, Cancer of the Breast, Cancer of Stomach, Cancer Melanoma Skin, Cancer Pancreas, Psilocybin therapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07072728\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 226, "title": "Synthesis and Characterization of Psilocybin Metabolites and Deuterated Analogs", "normalized_title": "synthesis and characterization of psilocybin metabolites and deuterated analogs", "authors": "Samuel E. Williamson, Elise K. Burkhartzmeyer, Michael T. Faley, Rachel Friedman Ohana, Ilia A. Guzei, Mike Valley, James J. Cali, Alexander M. Sherwood", "abstract": "To support ongoing clinical trials, the major human metabolites of psilocybin were synthesized on a preparative scale, specifically psilocin-O-glucuronide and 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (4-HIAA), along with putative minor metabolites and several deuterium-labeled derivatives. Psilocybin, psilocin, psilocin-O-glucuronide, and 4-HIAA were assayed for engagement at seven serotonin receptor subtypes using a BRET-based binding assay, which showed that only psilocin exhibited any discernible binding across the subtypes investigated. Given the high cost and challenging preparation of these compounds, our work offers a comprehensive guide for researchers to access these resources, advancing both basic and clinical research with psilocybin and its metabolites.", "journal": "ACS Chemical Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2026-03-02", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00879", "pubmed_id": "41773421", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00879", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Chemistry, Hallucinogen, Metabolite, Biochemistry, Stereochemistry, Binding site, Serotonin, Plasma protein binding, Pharmacology, In vitro, Receptor, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Chemical synthesis, Deuterium, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Chemical Reactions and Isotopes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7133308154\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7133308154\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040145728\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067847029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072439527\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086523559\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089001095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999478951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006851110\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160759420\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164319372\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211083623\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220970406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308486832\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378174725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391924240\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402462242\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406036520\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412793773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414452697\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103079864\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel E. Williamson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0108-8764\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092114090\",\"display_name\":\"Elise K. Burkhartzmeyer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092114091\",\"display_name\":\"Michael T. Faley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010278191\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Friedman Ohana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6706-4592\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040701048\",\"display_name\":\"Ilia A. Guzei\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1976-7386\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078221892\",\"display_name\":\"Mike Valley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078116014\",\"display_name\":\"James J. Cali\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S180465690\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Chemical Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00879\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7133308154" }, { "id": 258, "title": "Meaning and Psychedelics in Palliative Care: A Narrative Review.", "normalized_title": "meaning and psychedelics in palliative care a narrative review", "authors": "Alexander WB, Hansen ED, Anderson BT, Zarrabi AJ, Rogers AH, Loewen G, Ficarro ZR, Alexander MH, Schaefer D, Case AA", "abstract": "Meaning is a primary existential concern in those with advanced illnesses and functions as an important coping mechanism. Loss of meaning contributes to existential distress, and, in particular, may manifest as demoralization, a syndrome of poor coping that is associated with negative outcomes. Psychedelics are unique psychoactive compounds that, among other properties, are proposed to enhance meaning. In the palliative setting, psychedelic therapies are under investigation for existential distress, including demoralization. To synthesize the literature on meaning in palliative care, including the clinical impact of loss of meaning, particularly demoralization, and evidence for proposed interventions including existential psychological interventions and psychedelic therapies. We conducted a narrative review based on a structured search within Pubmed. Articles were screened for those addressing prespecified questions derived from our objectives, and results were synthesized in narrative format. Loss of meaning is a hallmark feature of demoralization syndrome, a prevalent and distinct condition linked with diminished quality of life, increased symptom burden, and increased suicide risk. Existential psychological interventions improve numerous psychosocial outcomes, although evidence for their efficacy in demoralization is limited. In psychedelic therapy, meaning-making is a typical feature, and existential interventions are commonly integrated. Finally, early clinical trial data indicate that psychedelic therapies show promise for existential distress, including demoralization. Novel approaches are needed to address existential distress, especially when manifested as demoralization. Psychedelic therapy is a promising combined pharmacologic and psychological intervention that promotes meaning-making and shows potential for improving demoralization, warranting further investigation.", "journal": "Journal of pain and symptom management", "publication_date": "2026-02-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2025.10.015", "pubmed_id": "41173063", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41173063/", "keywords": "Demoralization, LSD, existential distress, meaning, palliative, psilocybin, psychedelic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41173063\"}", "topic_tags": "End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4076, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: implications for clinical effectiveness, health economics, and regulatory decision-making", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder implications for clinical effectiveness health economics and regulatory decision making", "authors": "C Faria, Diana Dias da Silva, João José Sousa", "abstract": "Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent and disabling psychiatric condition associated with substantial clinical, social, and economic burden [1,2]. Despite the availability of conventional antidepressants, their limited effectiveness, delayed onset of action, and high relapse rates have renewed interest in innovative therapeutic approaches [3,4,5]. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has emerged as a promising intervention, but its potential integration into national health systems remains uncertain due to regulatory, ethical, and economic constraints [6]. Objective: This scoping review aimed to map and critically appraise the available evidence on efficacy and safety of psilocybin for treatment of MDD in otherwise healthy adults, with a particular focus on its relevance for health economic evaluation and regulatory decision-making. Methods: A scoping literature review was conducted using PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, SciELO databases. Clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses assessing psilocybin’s effects on depressive symptoms in adults diagnosed with MDD were included to comprehensively map existing evidence. Studies addressing secondary depression were excluded from primary analysis. Data extraction focused on study design, population characteristics, intervention protocols, clinical outcomes, safety profiles, and parameters relevant to future pharmacoeconomic modelling. Results: Available evidence suggests psilocybin administration is associated with rapid and clinically meaningful reductions in depressive symptoms, with effects observed shortly after treatment and, in some cases, sustained over time. Compared with rapid-acting antidepressants, such as ketamine, psilocybin appears to present lower risk of dependence and fewer toxic adverse effects [7,8]. However, evidence base is limited by small sample sizes, heterogeneous study designs, and scarcity of trials conducted exclusively in patients with primary MDD, restricting robust comparative and economic analyses. Conclusions: Psilocybin-assisted therapy represents a potentially transformative intervention for MDD. Nevertheless, current evidence remains insufficient to support definitive conclusions regarding its cost-effectiveness, scalability, and regulatory integration within public health systems. These findings highlight need for multidisciplinary research combining clinical evidence, health economics, regulatory science, and ethical analysis to inform evidence-based policy decisions regarding adoption of psychedelic-assisted therapies.", "journal": "Instituto Politécnico do Porto", "publication_date": "2026-02-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.26537/prpaeh.v4i3.7173", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.26537/prpaeh.v4i3.7173", "keywords": "Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Adverse effect, Population, Clinical trial, MEDLINE, Mental health, Depressive symptoms, Intervention (counseling), Cochrane Library, Systematic review, Treatment-resistant depression, Intensive care medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Economic evaluation, Data extraction, Meta-analysis, Population health, Health care, Public health, Scarcity, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166641777\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166641777\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063634882\",\"display_name\":\"C Faria\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139632863\",\"display_name\":\"Diana Dias da Silva\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139706169\",\"display_name\":\"João José Sousa\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407051319\",\"source_display_name\":\"Instituto Politécnico do Porto\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.26537/prpaeh.v4i3.7173\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166641777" }, { "id": 1980, "title": "MedCheck: FDA Reviews NDA for Narcolepsy Drug, Green-Lights Psilocybin Trial for PTSD, and More", "normalized_title": "medcheck fda reviews nda for narcolepsy drug green lights psilocybin trial for ptsd and more", "authors": "Linda M. Richmond", "abstract": "", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2026-02-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2026.03.3.5", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2026.03.3.5", "keywords": "Medicine, Narcolepsy, Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Drug trial, Dermatology, Drug, Drug approval, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Sleep and Wakefulness Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131652481\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131652481\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126891130\",\"display_name\":\"Linda M. Richmond\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2026.03.3.5\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7131652481" }, { "id": 83, "title": "Psilocybin for psychiatric disorders: History, clinical trials, neuroimaging, and regulations", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for psychiatric disorders history clinical trials neuroimaging and regulations", "authors": "Kengo Yonezawa, M. Hirata, Hiroaki Takano, Keisuke Kusudo, Sota Tomiyama, Lisa Harada, Kota Suzuki, DJ Nutt, H. Uchida, Hideaki Tani", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed interest as a potential treatment for various psychiatric disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of psilocybin's history, recent clinical evidence, ongoing clinical trials, neuroimaging findings, and regulations. Historically used in spiritual and healing rituals, psilocybin was in the early 1970s subjected to strict legal restrictions that stalled research for decades. However, renewed scientific interest began in the 1990s, with studies demonstrating psilocybin's therapeutic potential for psychiatric disorders. Clinical trials have reported therapeutic effects of psilocybin in major depressive disorder (MDD), depressive symptoms associated with life-threatening illnesses, and in some substance use disorders. Moreover, several phase III clinical trials of psilocybin for depression are currently underway, though trial data for obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar depression are limited. Short-term side effects are reportedly generally mild and transient, but long-term effects still need further investigation. Neuroimaging research using magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography is still limited and focuses mainly on MDD. However, ongoing clinical trials include neuroimaging studies for psychiatric disorders beyond MDD, as well as positron emission tomography studies for MDD. Regulatory frameworks vary internationally. While many countries continue to classify psilocybin as a prohibited substance, use of psilocybin under controlled conditions is now permitted in Switzerland, parts of the United States, Canada, and Australia. Despite encouraging data, challenges remain, including the need for larger, blinded trials, standardized protocols, and clarification of long-term efficacy and safety. Psilocybin represents a novel therapeutic approach in psychiatric treatment, warranting further rigorous scientific and regulatory research.", "journal": "Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences", "publication_date": "2026-02-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/pcn.70042", "pubmed_id": "41749057", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70042", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroimaging, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Psychology, Functional neuroimaging, Psychotherapist, Bipolar disorder, MEDLINE, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Clinical psychology, Systematic review, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131868995\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131868995\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5127386279\",\"display_name\":\"Kengo Yonezawa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109735297\",\"display_name\":\"M. Hirata\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049484871\",\"display_name\":\"Hiroaki Takano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050308935\",\"display_name\":\"Keisuke Kusudo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111309172\",\"display_name\":\"Sota Tomiyama\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5127280306\",\"display_name\":\"Lisa Harada\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046895954\",\"display_name\":\"Kota Suzuki\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2473-0724\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113762702\",\"display_name\":\"DJ Nutt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121811233\",\"display_name\":\"H. Uchida\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5127390839\",\"display_name\":\"Hideaki Tani\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S111042112\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70042\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Aging,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7131868995" }, { "id": 3608, "title": "Does Psilocybin Change Synaptic Density in the Brains of Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment", "normalized_title": "does psilocybin change synaptic density in the brains of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "The goal of this pilot, exploratory, clinical trial is to investigate the effects of psilocybin on synaptic vesicular density (SVD) as measured by the positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer, 18F-SynVesT-1, in participants with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) and healthy participants. The investigators hypothesize that SVD levels in the brain will be higher following the ingestion of psilocybin in comparison to placebo, and that increases in SVD will be associated with improvements in cognition. 10 participants (6 with aMCI, and 4 sex and age matched healthy volunteers) will: * Be randomized to receive either: 1. Two 25 mg macrodoses of psilocybin separated by 1 week. 2. Two placebo doses separated by 1 week. * Receive a baseline 18F-SynVesT-1 PET scan, clinical, and neuropsychological assessments. * Receive a 18F-SynVesT-1 PET scan one week after the last dose of treatment. * Depending on available funds, receive a third PET scan at any time within 4 weeks of the screening visit to quantify tauopathy with the \\[18F\\]T807 radiotracer. * Receive clinical and neuropsychological testing 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the last treatment. Researchers will compare placebo vs. experimental groups to see if psilocybin will increase SVD, and if increases in SVD are associated with cognitive improvements. The proposed study will investigate the effects of on synaptic vesicular density (SVD) levels as measured by the positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer, 18F-SynVesT-1, and cognition (i.e., global cognition, executive function, and memory domains) in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) and healthy participants. Participants will be randomized to receive either two 25mg doses of psilocybin separated by one week, or two placebo doses separated by one week. Brain scans, clinical, and cognitive assessments will be conducted one week before, and one week, four weeks, and 12 weeks post dosing.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06041152", "keywords": "Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment, Psilocybin, Placebo, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06041152\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 263, "title": "Pilot study of psilocybin in patients with post-treatment lyme disease", "normalized_title": "pilot study of psilocybin in patients with post treatment lyme disease", "authors": "Albert Garcia-Romeu, Gideon P. Naudé, Alison W. Rebman, Sara So, Abigail Yaffe, Ian Geithner, Erica A. Kozero, Ting Yang, Mark J. Soloski, John N. Aucott", "abstract": "Abstract Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States and Europe. Although antibiotics effectively treat most cases, an estimated 10-20% of patients develop post-treatment Lyme disease (PTLD), a chronic syndrome marked by fatigue, pain, cognitive difficulties, mood disturbance, and reduced quality of life. There are no established treatments for PTLD. The serotonin 2A receptor agonist psychedelic psilocybin has recently shown potential antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in clinical trials as well as preliminary evidence for anti-inflammatory effects in animals. This open-label, single-arm pilot study evaluated the effects of psilocybin in 20 participants with well-characterized PTLD. The 8-week intervention included two psilocybin sessions (15 mg in week 4; 15 or 25 mg in week 6) with psychological support. Participants (11 women, 9 men, mean age 44, median illness duration 5.7 years) showed significant improvements in PTLD symptom burden and quality of life from study enrollment through 1-month following the second dose of psilocybin (primary endpoint), with significant benefits sustained through 6 months. At the 6-month follow-up, general PTLD symptom burden (GSQ-30) was decreased 40% from baseline ( p", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2026-02-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-38091-9", "pubmed_id": "41741501", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-38091-9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Lyme disease, Quality of life (healthcare), Adverse effect, Internal medicine, Antidepressant, Mood, Anxiety, Anxiolytic, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Disease, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Severity of illness, Physical therapy, Fibromyalgia syndrome, Imipramine, Agonist, Cognition, Major depressive disorder, Fibromyalgia, Adjunctive treatment, Mood disorders, Disease burden, Pharmacotherapy, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131357000\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131357000\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1037524820\",\"https://openalex.org/W1492462112\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951724000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031343230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033138316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042480215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097195468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114242035\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119296895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133866452\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138407894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149111302\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151487996\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2774486220\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904775041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912596989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914765137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993866314\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013737430\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023636576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092438109\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112700248\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153999239\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178904793\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185951996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294631080\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295957096\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307309250\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620578\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378647709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380684709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382776629\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386504040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391036082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391213632\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391678591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392550813\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393183693\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393489617\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395456472\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401757361\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406974730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407252104\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408459373\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409730083\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126750519\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126769775\",\"display_name\":\"Gideon P. Naudé\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126764989\",\"display_name\":\"Alison W. Rebman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040562059\",\"display_name\":\"Sara So\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028103202\",\"display_name\":\"Abigail Yaffe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126767251\",\"display_name\":\"Ian Geithner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051176560\",\"display_name\":\"Erica A. Kozero\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089832424\",\"display_name\":\"Ting Yang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-6939\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059049972\",\"display_name\":\"Mark J. Soloski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082440285\",\"display_name\":\"John N. Aucott\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-0896\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-38091-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7131357000" }, { "id": 244, "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Psychoactive Tryptamines in Addiction: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psychoactive tryptamines in addiction a systematic review", "authors": "van der Meer PB, Schukking N, Dik M, van Reemst A, Fuentes JJ, Kaptein AA, Schoones JW, Verboeket S, de Waal MM, Goudriaan AE, Kramers C, Schellekens A, Bossong MG, Somers M, Batalla A.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin have shown a beneficial effect on substance use disorder (SUD) symptoms. In this systematic review, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of psychoactive tryptamines in patients with an SUD or non-substance-related disorder (i.e., gambling disorder) in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the available evidence and identify potential research gaps.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in eight different databases up to February 2024. Clinical trials were included that assessed the efficacy and safety of psychoactive tryptamines other than psilocybin and ibogaine. A quality assessment of the included trials was done based on the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tools.ResultsA total of four clinical trials (three randomized controlled trials and one single-arm clinical trial; n = 176 patients) were included, all in patients with alcohol use disorder. Dipropyltryptamine and diethyltryptamine were the two investigated psychoactive tryptamines. Abstinence ranged from 10% (duration of follow-up unknown) to 38% at 26 weeks of follow-up, and severity of alcohol use did not differ between the psychoactive tryptamine group and the control groups. Adverse effects were not well reported in the trials.ConclusionStudies assessing the efficacy of psychoactive tryptamines other than psilocybin and ibogaine in addiction are scarce and show limited evidence for effectiveness in the treatment of addictive disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-02-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251364182", "pubmed_id": "42130778", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251364182", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42130778\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3675, "title": "Inpatient Buprenorphine Induction With Psilocybin for Opioid Use Disorder: a Randomized Double-blind Trial", "normalized_title": "inpatient buprenorphine induction with psilocybin for opioid use disorder a randomized double blind trial", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This study will examine the effect of a single high dose of psilocybin therapy (30 mg) versus a very low dose (1 mg) as an adjunctive therapy to individuals undergoing standard-of-care buprenorphine treatment for Opioid use disorder (OUD). Effects of adjunctive psilocybin will be determined for longitudinal outcomes of opioid abstinence, compliance with buprenorphine maintenance, quality of life, and mood. The proposed study is a double-blind, controlled investigation of the effect of 1 high-dose psilocybin (30 mg) session compared to a very low dose session (1 mg) following standard-of-care buprenorphine induction on drug abstinence, quality of life, craving, tobacco use, and treatment retention in healthy participants with an active OUD diagnosis. Use of buprenorphine follow standard of care, and the investigators are investigating the additive power of adjunctive psilocybin to enhance opioid abstinence, treatment adherence, quality of life, and mood. The study will consist of a brief (6-8 day) inpatient phase for standard buprenorphine induction as well as experimental psilocybin administration, an 8-week outpatient phase involving standard buprenorphine maintenance and experimental follow-up meetings, and long-term follow-up sessions for 4 months after. During the inpatient phase, participants will be inducted onto sublingual (SL) buprenorphine (using a buprenorphine/naloxone combination product) while admitted to the Bayview Clinical Research Unit. During this time, participants will also undergo 2-3 preparatory sessions, and will undergo an experimental drug administration session under supportive conditions, during which the participants will receive either a very low dose (1 mg) or a single high (30mg) oral dose of psilocybin under double-blind conditions. At the end of the inpatient phase, participants will be discharged to complete the 8-week outpatient phase, during which participants will undergo visits at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 weeks post-dosing session for monitoring of adverse events, clinical status, treatment adherence, and to receive a weekly supply of buprenorphine. All buprenorphine procedures will be open label and will follow standard-of-care practices. This trial utilizes a Bayesian sequential methodology, employing a maximum sample size of 90 participants and calculating Bayes factors (starting at 20 participants and assessed after each 10) to assess evidence for the null and experimental hypotheses, enabling potential early stopping for efficacy or futility based on predetermined thresholds (Bayes factor of 6 and 1/6). This will be calculated for the primary outcome of opioid abstinence at 8-weeks", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06005662", "keywords": "Opioid Use Disorder, Psilocybin, Buprenorphine, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06005662\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3032, "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Microdosing Psilocybin over 8 Weeks for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "safety and efficacy of microdosing psilocybin over 8 weeks for major depressive disorder a randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Petranker R, Farb N, Syed O, Li E, Shore D, Anderson T, Blackman A.", "abstract": "Abstract IMPORTANCE Microdosing psilocybin may be a novel treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). OBJECTIVE Assessing the antidepressant effects and safety of repeated low doses of psilocybin in participants diagnosed with MDD. DESIGN This was a Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING The trial was conducted from July 2022 to December 2024 at two centers: a pediatric clinic and a dedicated psychedelic therapy clinic. PARTICIPANTS were 39 adults aged 27 to 65 years with a diagnosis of MDD and mild to moderate symptom severity. INTERVENTIONS Participants received four weekly doses of placebo or 2 mg psilocybin, followed by four weekly open-label psilocybin doses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome: Patient Health Questionnaire with Self-Directed Assessment Scales (PHQ-9) score from baseline week four. Secondary outcome measures were symptom counts measured by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) symptom count, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS-A-17) from baseline to week four. RESULTS 39 participants (mean age 44.4; 56.4% female) reported similar reductions in PHQ-scores regardless of group assignment after four weeks (psilocybin: mean difference -5.4; placebo: -6.0). Similar trends were observed in the QIDS and SCID-5, but participants in the microdose-first group showed more symptoms reduction than those in the placebo-first group (psilocybin: mean difference -1.2; placebo: -0.1) for the DAS-A-17. Symptom reductions persisted through open-label phase, with no serious treatment-emergent adverse events. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Repeated low doses of psilocybin were safe and well tolerated but did not demonstrate statistically greater efficacy than placebo. Trial participation itself contributed to clinically significant symptom improvement. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05259943", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-02-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8319478/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8319478/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1157780\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3182, "title": "Ethical Complexities and Best Practices in Informed Consent for Psychedelic Services: A Qualitative Study on Expert Perspectives", "normalized_title": "ethical complexities and best practices in informed consent for psychedelic services a qualitative study on expert perspectives", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Informed consent in psychedelic-assisted services is ethically complex, difficult to implement, and remains largely unstudied and unstandardized. Objective: The current study sought expert recommendations from experienced psychedelic facilitators on what constitutes informed consent best practices for supervised psychedelic experiences across various settings. Methods: Participants with expertise in facilitating psilocybin-assisted experiences or other expertise in the psychedelic field were recruited with purposive sampling. Qualitative interviews on informed consent best practices and recommendations were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Results: Participants (N = 36; 71% white; 56% heterosexual; 53% female) reported facilitating psilocybin services (64%) for a mean of 15.2 (SD = 13.1) years in clinical trial, licensed service center, underground, or ceremonial settings. Participants viewed informed consent as a process (Theme 1), necessitating a strong therapeutic relationship, centering client empowerment, and occurring as an ongoing process. Potential risks and benefits should be comprehensively conveyed (Theme 2), including potential long-term psychological and social changes, and the potential for disappointing experiences. Participants recommended detailed consent processes around touch and boundaries (Theme 3), including explicitly establishing boundaries prior to psychedelic administration, maintaining those boundaries throughout, and recognizing subtle non-verbal cues that may indicate lack of true consent. Within facilitator trainings (Theme 4), participants emphasized cultivating a deep respect for client agency, and experientially learning relational and boundary setting skills. Conclusions: Findings may inform practitioner training, consent practices in varied settings, and policy development for state-regulated psychedelic services.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-02-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/mdz73_v2", "keywords": "Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, Clinical Ethics, Health Psychology, Mental Health", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"mdz73_v2\",\"version\":2,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1982, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin and Select Pharmaceutical Interactions", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin and select pharmaceutical interactions", "authors": "Jordan McDowell, Jada Middleton, Alanna Bluett, Alisa Kozachenko, Bayan Attar, Yuvraj Singh Saini, Jennifer Burke, Cayden McPhee, Mutahera Mutahera, Talya Ahmed, Nabila Ibrahim, Gilbert Atukwatsibwe, Sulabha Adhikari, Mohammad Esmaili, Jean-Vital Yambayamba", "abstract": "In Canada, the use of both prescription medications and psychedelics has become increasingly prevalent. As of 2022, approximately 16.5% of Canadians-about 6.3 million individuals-were prescribed at least one antidepressant, with fluoxetine remaining one of the most commonly used options (IQVIA, 2023). Benzodiazepine use, including drugs like alprazolam, ranges between 5% to 10% nationwide, with notably higher usage (15-20%) among older adults aged 65 and over (Davies et al., 2017). Psilocybin use, while less common, has shown steady presence in the population; in 2019, years hallucinogens such as psilocybin, LSD, and PCP were used by approximately 2% of Canadians-equating to roughly 587,000 people- and by approximately 6% of young adults aged 20 to 24 (Health Canada, 2023). Based on the statistical overlap between antidepressant and psychedelic users, it is estimated that over 126,000 Canadians may be experiencing interactions between these drug classes, a number that is expected to grow as both psychedelic therapy and recreational use become more culturally accepted. We investigated the chemical, physical, and psychological effects of psilocybin, fluoxetine, and alprazolam and their interactions with each other. In clinical contexts, benzodiazepines like midazolam are sometimes used to manage overwhelming psychedelic experiences, offering a pharmacological baseline for understanding how sedatives may interact with psilocybin. When taken concurrently, fluoxetine appears to attenuate the mind-altering effects typically induced by psilocybin, likely due to its modulation of serotonin receptor activity. This dampening effect suggests a pharmacological counteraction between the two substances. There is little direct research on the interaction between psilocybin and alprazolam, but from what is indicated, they may exhibit small interactive effects. Understanding these interactions may provide insight into more accurate harm-reduction strategies and clinical decision-making.", "journal": "MacEwan University Student eJournal", "publication_date": "2026-02-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.31542/bcek6t76", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31542/bcek6t76", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Fluoxetine, Hallucinogen, Alprazolam, Antidepressant, Pharmacology, Psychology, Medicine, Benzodiazepine, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Drug, Imipramine, Medical prescription, Anhedonia, Psychoactive drug, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Dissociative, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Psychopharmacology, Reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, MDMA, Pharmacotherapy, Clinical trial, Drug interaction, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7130340064\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7130340064\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126318552\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan McDowell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126351271\",\"display_name\":\"Jada Middleton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126343008\",\"display_name\":\"Alanna Bluett\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126303962\",\"display_name\":\"Alisa Kozachenko\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126358342\",\"display_name\":\"Bayan Attar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036720671\",\"display_name\":\"Yuvraj Singh Saini\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126308695\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer Burke\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126300574\",\"display_name\":\"Cayden McPhee\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126302123\",\"display_name\":\"Mutahera Mutahera\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126352736\",\"display_name\":\"Talya Ahmed\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126356990\",\"display_name\":\"Nabila Ibrahim\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126331535\",\"display_name\":\"Gilbert Atukwatsibwe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126327348\",\"display_name\":\"Sulabha Adhikari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126349849\",\"display_name\":\"Mohammad Esmaili\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126341786\",\"display_name\":\"Jean-Vital Yambayamba\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210183763\",\"source_display_name\":\"MacEwan University Student eJournal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31542/bcek6t76\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Older Adults,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7130340064" }, { "id": 4900, "title": "Sense-Making Around Psilocybin in UK Women Experiencing Cancer-Related Existential Distress: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis", "normalized_title": "sense making around psilocybin in uk women experiencing cancer related existential distress an interpretative phenomenological analysis", "authors": "Zaynab Khan, Sterre Weaver, Rachael V. Dando, Anne Katrin Schlag, Joanna C. Neill, Verity Wainwright", "abstract": "People with cancer often experience anxiety and depression following a diagnosis and can face barriers to accessing treatment for their mental health. An increasing number of patients are considering alternative approaches to managing their mental health symptoms, such as the psychedelic, psilocybin. A growing number of clinical trials show significant and enduring improvements in mood and quality of life following psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) in this patient group. While the lived experiences of patients undergoing PAT in clinical trials and medical contexts have been explored, the broad decision-making processes, perceptions of societal and self-acceptance of psilocybin, and the impact or otherwise of the legality of psilocybin outside of these settings have not. In this study, qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the attitudes and perceptions of using psilocybin by seven females in the United Kingdom with a current or previous diagnosis of cancer (four who had used psilocybin and three who had considered taking the drug). Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Three group experiential themes were created: (i) somatic healing needs; (ii) outlawing nature: illegality as both a burden and boundary; and (iii) reconnecting self, nature, and mortality. Participants considered psilocybin a much-needed alternative to traditional treatments for the depression and anxiety they experienced in relation to their cancer diagnosis but felt its legal status was a significant barrier to access. As such, a compassionate access scheme here in the United Kingdom could transform the mental health of people with cancer.", "journal": "Qualitative Health Research", "publication_date": "2026-02-16", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/10497323261419338", "pubmed_id": "41700878", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323261419338", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Mental health, Psychology, Anxiety, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Existentialism, Mood, Perception, Quality of life (healthcare), Experiential learning, Mindfulness, Experiential knowledge, Distress, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Experiential avoidance, Somatization, Lived experience, Phenomenology (philosophy), Principle of legality, Cancer, Mental illness, Medicine, Major depressive disorder, Palliative care, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129539813\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129539813\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1821832791\",\"https://openalex.org/W1837710968\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951725399\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997886038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094234993\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102069929\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103322594\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111298903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126756039\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142938285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145853206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170503011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271686467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2562989253\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605759386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2617415523\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801431006\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810002340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886104387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886232664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900600584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2932631983\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940589604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999308291\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021632058\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3119005666\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134036334\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149986569\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182096564\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210162930\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214249462\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205710798\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220950644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311021019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386522609\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389477450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391115210\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392369508\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396230194\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398137313\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401920727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404061126\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410087846\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412792405\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125179250\",\"display_name\":\"Zaynab Khan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083810610\",\"display_name\":\"Sterre Weaver\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125170898\",\"display_name\":\"Rachael V. Dando\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080895600\",\"display_name\":\"Anne Katrin Schlag\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2074-1917\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049098570\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna C. Neill\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-9739\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087422921\",\"display_name\":\"Verity Wainwright\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-250X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S32648145\",\"source_display_name\":\"Qualitative Health Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323261419338\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7129539813" }, { "id": 3113, "title": "Mindfulness-Based Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (MB-PAT) for cancer-related demoralization in Canada: the case for a hybrid group-based delivery model", "normalized_title": "mindfulness based psilocybin assisted therapy mb pat for cancer related demoralization in canada the case for a hybrid group based delivery model", "authors": "", "abstract": "Demoralization syndrome (DS) - a distinct clinical entity characterized by helplessness, hopelessness, and a persistent loss of meaning - affects approximately one in five Canadians with advanced cancer and is associated with increased desire for hastened death, negative clinical outcomes, and higher economic burden, yet recognition and treatment of DS remains suboptimal in modern oncology. While current pharmacological treatments fail to address demoralization's existential dimensions, and despite the potential effectiveness of a number of psychosocial interventions, not everyone responds to behavioral therapies and they remain chronically underfunded in mainstream oncology. Mindfulness-Based Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (MB-PAT) offers enhanced therapeutic potential by synergistically integrating evidence-based mindfulness training with psilocybin's neuroplastic effects; however, the traditional dyadic delivery model limits scalability within healthcare s settings. This viewpoint opines that MB-PAT delivered in a group format represents a potentially optimal solution to this evidence-implementation gap. Our contention is that MB-PAT may harness synergistic biopsychosocial mechanisms that directly counter the isolation of demoralization through an integrative approach. We finish by highlighting the Canadian Network for Psychedelic-Assisted Cancer Therapy (CAN-PACT) as a pioneering initiative poised to generate critical evidence, infrastructure and capacity through its planned multi-phase initiatives and projects. By leveraging existing group-therapy infrastructure and therapist familiarity with mindfulness-based interventions as the basis for multi-site national clinical trials, and developing a scalable, equity-focused delivery model, MB-PAT offers a pragmatic pathway to integrate potentially transformative existential care into publicly funded Canadian oncology practice.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-02-16", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/yrgkf_v1", "keywords": "Canadian healthcare, cancer, demoralization, existential distress, group therapy, implementation science, mindfulness, mindfulness-based interventions, palliative care, psychedelic-assisted therapy, psychedelic medicine, psychedelics, psychosocial oncology, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Social and Behavioral Sciences", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"yrgkf_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 269, "title": "Microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder: study protocol for a phase II double-blind placebo-controlled randomised partial crossover trial", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder study protocol for a phase ii double blind placebo controlled randomised partial crossover trial", "authors": "Zeina Beidas, Anya Ragnhildstveit, Adam Blackman, Thomas Anderson, Emily C. Fewster, Omer A. Syed, Valentyne Sobolenko, Ismail Kaan Kanca, Magdalena Jaglinska, Tatiana Son, Norman Farb, Rotem Petranker", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting roughly 322 million people. Recently, doses of psilocybin have shown promise in treating mood disorders, sparking interest in other dosing practices. According to anecdotal reports and observational studies, microdosing psilocybin yields benefits to mental health; however, rigorously controlled trials have failed to produce compelling evidence for this. AIMS: To conduct a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised partial crossover trial to compare microdosing psilocybin to placebo for MDD, evaluating its safety, tolerability and preliminary antidepressant effects. METHOD: Forty adults with MDD will be randomised to four doses of psilocybin (2 mg) or placebo (maltodextrin) once weekly over 4 weeks, then four doses of psilocybin (2 mg) once weekly for an additional 4 weeks. The primary efficacy end-point will be change in depression symptoms, as measured at baseline (0 weeks), after the experimental phase (4 weeks), and after the open-label phase (8 weeks). A battery of mood, well-being, attention, creativity, mindfulness and pro-sociality measures will be administered at each time point. Follow-ups will occur every 6 months for up to 2 years after the trial start date, as part of a long-term extension study. RESULTS: The results of the primary outcome of this trial will be published as a manuscript in a peer-reviewed science or medical journal regardless of the magnitude or direction of effect. CONCLUSIONS: Findings will inform future research on microdosing psilocybin for MDD, regarding dose regimens, effect sizes and expectancy bias. Findings will also facilitate discussions on the comparable benefits of sub- versus threshold doses of psilocybin and the therapeutic value of radically altered perception. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05259943.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2026-02-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2025.10968", "pubmed_id": "41693474", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10968", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Protocol (science), Crossover study, Phase (matter), Pharmacology, Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Internal medicine, Depressive symptoms, Phases of clinical research, Anesthesia, Randomized controlled trial, Placebo, Component (thermodynamics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129015437\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129015437\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021482385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043713516\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057468507\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2269974365\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624535799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789213216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944038128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946918750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951080359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971897729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981686921\",\"https://openalex.org/W3002125030\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004910645\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007315114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093109301\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135650175\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136880453\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159653784\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166553838\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200408156\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206388601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210925784\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229753260\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385257581\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391537440\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402554692\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114541934\",\"display_name\":\"Zeina Beidas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006257142\",\"display_name\":\"Anya Ragnhildstveit\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-3428\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008844555\",\"display_name\":\"Adam Blackman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0467-040X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082063863\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Anderson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2387-5219\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093863231\",\"display_name\":\"Emily C. Fewster\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062369777\",\"display_name\":\"Omer A. Syed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-5223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120500161\",\"display_name\":\"Valentyne Sobolenko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9574-4648\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120355300\",\"display_name\":\"Ismail Kaan Kanca\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120403954\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Jaglinska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070812247\",\"display_name\":\"Tatiana Son\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0351-8596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126008050\",\"display_name\":\"Norman Farb\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012017884\",\"display_name\":\"Rotem Petranker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6354-0109\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10968\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Creativity,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7129015437" }, { "id": 47, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder: A pilot trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder a pilot trial", "authors": "Marc J. Weintraub, Jessica Jeffrey, Megan Ichinose, R. Lindsey Bergman, Benjamin Shapiro, Gregory Barnett, Hewa Artin, Marc Lynn, Anabel Salimian, Shelby Grody, Rahul Ramesh, Lauren Eales, Charles S. Grob, David J. Miklowitz", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-02-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.121423", "pubmed_id": "41707717", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121423", "keywords": "Pilot trial, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Randomized controlled trial, Cognitive therapy, Medicine, Behavioral therapy, Depression (economics), Adjunct, Major depressive disorder, Behavioral activation, Clinical psychology, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Cognition, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Depressive symptoms, Clinical trial, Physical therapy, Cognitive restructuring, MEDLINE, Treatment-resistant depression, Adjunctive treatment, Cognitive processing therapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129028447\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129028447\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017039362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021762104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032556867\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039763524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055628680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096987981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131976593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2522867222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2613258400\",\"https://openalex.org/W2740567311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985188679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3176790550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213423658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281386961\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386469528\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387737676\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390629750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390795044\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402794498\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090933971\",\"display_name\":\"Marc J. Weintraub\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8724-120X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067502721\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica Jeffrey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4334-5626\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031377527\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Ichinose\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-0795\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126111435\",\"display_name\":\"R. Lindsey Bergman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126145689\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Shapiro\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126147730\",\"display_name\":\"Gregory Barnett\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017379615\",\"display_name\":\"Hewa Artin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-4151\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126144150\",\"display_name\":\"Marc Lynn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022184751\",\"display_name\":\"Anabel Salimian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7985-3713\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126109597\",\"display_name\":\"Shelby Grody\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126077377\",\"display_name\":\"Rahul Ramesh\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057826662\",\"display_name\":\"Lauren Eales\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2425-9853\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108513619\",\"display_name\":\"Charles S. Grob\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"David J. Miklowitz\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121423\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7129028447" }, { "id": 3541, "title": "A Phase 1 Translational Study to Assess Brain Activity Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Multiple Doses of MLS101 (Psilocybin) in Healthy Volunteers", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 translational study to assess brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri and to evaluate the safety tolerability and pharmacokinetics of multiple doses of mls101 psilocybin in healthy volunteers", "authors": "MycoMedica Life Sciences PBC", "abstract": "MLS101 is being developed as a low dose psilocybin, that can be administered to treat neurological and psychiatric conditions. The purpose of this trial is to investigate brain activity, safety, tolerability, and PK of multiple doses of MLS101 in healthy participants. In recent years, high-dose psilocybin has gained attention for it potential therapeutic benefit in many psychiatric conditions, however existing clinical data for low psilocybin doses are limited. The multiple-dose regimen proposed in this study is designed to optimize the pharmacology of MLS101 and elucidate whether it provides a longer period of positive effects, which could be used in future studies in chronic indications such as PMDD, obsessive compulsive disorder and opioid use disorder. Translational functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) imaging will confirm the central nervous system (CNS) activity of priming and repeat low-dose psilocybin, which will serve as a computational evaluation of efficacy and complement the cognitive and perceptual scales and questionnaires.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07050368", "keywords": "Healthy Volunteer, Psilocybin, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07050368\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3425, "title": "Psychedelic Healing: Adjunct Therapy Harnessing Opened Malleability", "normalized_title": "psychedelic healing adjunct therapy harnessing opened malleability", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "The main purpose of the current studies is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of psilocybin in patients with chronic stroke. Stroke is the leading cause of death and adult disability worldwide, and every year more than 795,000 people in the United States have a stroke. According to the National Stroke Association, only 10 percent of people who have a stroke recover completely, while 50 percent experience moderate to severe long-term disability, including significant impairment in language, cognition, motor, and sensory skills, which require special care or long-term care in a nursing home or other facility. Therefore, in the United States alone, nearly 400,000 people per year will suffer the lasting debilitating consequences of stroke. Previous studies have indicated that rehabilitation following stroke is constrained by a so-called 'critical' or 'sensitive' period. While this learning window can be extended or enhanced, once the post-stroke rehabilitation critical period has closed, clinically applicable manipulations that can reopen it are lacking. Recently the investigators have shown that the psychedelic compounds like psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 3,4-methylenedioxmethamphetamine (MDMA) can reopen a novel critical period for social reward learning. The adage \"you can't teach an old dog new tricks\" captures a certain truth about the brain. Specifically, a young person's brain is much more malleable (e.g., able to make new motor-memories and store new motor-memories) compared to an adult's brain. Neuroscientists call these periods of heightened sensitivity to input \"critical periods.\" Based on these observations the investigators posit that psychedelic compounds serve as the long sought-after \"master key\" for unlocking critical periods across the brain. Ongoing preclinical studies are examining this possibility, with the goal of determining the therapeutic potential of psychedelics (including psilocybin) as adjunct therapies for any intervention whose clinical efficacy may be constrained by critical period closure, including post-stroke rehabilitation. The main purpose of the proposed studies is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of psilocybin in stroke patients (Phase 1). as a secondary aim the investigators will collect data on the efficacy of psilocybin in effecting motor recovery in post-stroke patients.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07053917", "keywords": "Stroke, Chronic Stroke, Intracerebral Haemorrhage, Intracerebral Haemorrhage (ICH), Intracerebral Hemorrhage Basal Ganglia, Ischemic Stroke, Ischemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke, Hemiparesis After Stroke, Hemiplegia Following Ischemic Stroke, Hemiplegia and Hemiparesis, Hemiplegia and/or Hemiparesis Following Stroke, Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07053917\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4084, "title": "Psilocybin and Animal Testing: Charting an End to the Use of Animals in Drug Development Research", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and animal testing charting an end to the use of animals in drug development research", "authors": "Amanda L. Elyse", "abstract": "Psilocybin is the primary psychoactive compound in \"magic mushrooms\"; it has been used by humans for millennia, it is in promising clinical trials with humans and used in legalized psilocybin-assisted therapy, and researchers use and are further developing human-based methods with cutting-edge technologies.However, researchers are still allowed to conduct unreliable and distressing psilocybin experiments on animals and receive government funding for them.Laws and policies fail to ensure reductions in animal use or improvements in animal welfare in testing, or the use of effective, humanrelevant alternative methods.This Article argues that policymakers should address the evolving space around psilocybin research and prohibit animal use in psilocybin studies, as well as use this context as a trailblazer for changing laws and policies to reduce animal testing in research for drug development more broadly, for the benefit of both human health and animal welfare.", "journal": "Digital Commons at University of Maryland Carey Law (University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law)", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=jhclp_online_issue", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Drug development, Medicine, Drug, Research development, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, MEDLINE, Animal testing, Human research, Animal study, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128760314\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128760314\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125746049\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda L. Elyse\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401762\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Commons at University of Maryland Carey Law (University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=jhclp_online_issue\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128760314" }, { "id": 3704, "title": "Single Dose Psilocybin for a Post-surgical Trauma Inpatient Population for Pain, Mood, and Opioid Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for a post surgical trauma inpatient population for pain mood and opioid use disorder", "authors": "Trent Emerick", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether a single dose of psilocybin is feasible and safe for adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) who are recovering from trauma surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is a single psilocybin dose feasible to administer during postoperative hospitalization? 2. Is psilocybin safe in this patient population? 3. How does psilocybin affect postoperative pain, opioid use, anxiety, and depression after hospital discharge? Participants will: Receive one oral dose of psilocybin during their postoperative inpatient stay Complete assessments of pain, mood, and opioid use during recovery This is an open-label pilot feasibility trial conducted at a single academic medical center. Fourteen participants receive a single oral dose of psilocybin during inpatient hospitalization following trauma surgery. Outcomes in the psilocybin group are compared with a retrospectively identified standard-of-care cohort of 56 trauma surgery patients with opioid use disorder, identified through electronic medical record review. The standard-of-care cohort is selected using propensity score methods based on baseline characteristics, including age, sex, trauma diagnosis, psychiatric comorbidities, baseline medications, comorbid conditions, type of surgery, and baseline opioid consumption measured in morphine milligram equivalents. No interim efficacy analyses are planned. After the first three participants have received psilocybin and completed the one-week follow-up assessments, the Data and Safety Monitoring Board reviews safety data to assess ongoing risk and determine whether study procedures should continue unchanged.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07406828", "keywords": "Pain Management, Postoperative Pain, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), Postoperative analgesia, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07406828\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3624, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Therapy for Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for comorbid major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorder a pilot randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the safety and efficacy of psilocybin assisted Therapy (PAT) in individuals with comorbid Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). The main question it aims to answer is: \\- What is the feasibility and safety of administering PAT in adults with MDD-AUD by evaluating recruitment, retention, tolerability, and safety? Researchers will compare the psilocybin (25 mg) and placebo groups to see if there are any significant differences in frequency of dropouts or serious adverse events. Participants will: * be randomized to receive either psilocybin (25 mg) or placebo * visit the site (in-person and remotely) for a total of 14 times to complete study tasks * receive psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) at five various timepoints", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07405606", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), Psilocybin 25 mg, Placebo, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07405606\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1983, "title": "Low-income group psilocybin assisted therapy for depression: An Oregon feasibility study", "normalized_title": "low income group psilocybin assisted therapy for depression an oregon feasibility study", "authors": "Matthew Hicks, Olivia Hicks, Ryan Bradley, Heather Zwickey", "abstract": "Abstract Background and aims Despite growing popularity and increasing legal access, psychedelic therapy remains financially inaccessible to many. This study was designed to test the feasibility of conducting group psilocybin therapy in low-income adults with depression in Oregon's regulated psilocybin program. Methods An open label, uncontrolled design was used. After a medical screening visit, participants were enrolled in cohorts of six. Each cohort participated in two 90-min preparation sessions conducted online followed by two psilocybin administration sessions one week apart where they consumed dehydrated and homogenized whole mushrooms, Psilocybe cubensis (B+ strain) prepared in a tea. Two days after each psilocybin administration they had an online, 90-min integration session. Results We recruited 26 eligible participants, 20 of whom began treatment and 19 completed. No severe adverse events were reported, and participants rated their satisfaction, on average, as 4.8 out of 5, reporting moderate to high benefit and no harm. Exploratory outcomes include Hamilton Depression scores which demonstrated a significant decrease ( t = 8.24, p < 0.001) in a paired t -test and a strong effect size (Cohen's d = 1.89). For the same time periods all eight domains of the PROMIS-29 were significantly improved on paired t -tests at p", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2026.00485", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00485", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Adverse effect, Depression (economics), Population, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Intervention (counseling), Cohort, Exploratory research, Pilot trial, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Depressive symptoms, Internal medicine, Physical therapy, Placebo, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128687864\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128687864\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1857921554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001002980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014261733\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017152382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793644042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793808927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214531716\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220841869\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292410066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295789857\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309926403\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386828200\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399780176\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405406855\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406240577\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410309291\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102899112\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Hicks\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9974-2228\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125774969\",\"display_name\":\"Olivia Hicks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087562579\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Bradley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8073-3671\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085074956\",\"display_name\":\"Heather Zwickey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1600-401X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00485\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128687864" }, { "id": 275, "title": "Time-Dependent Effects of Rapid-Acting Antidepressants in iPSC-Derived Neurons from Treatment-Resistant Depression and Healthy Volunteers", "normalized_title": "time dependent effects of rapid acting antidepressants in ipsc derived neurons from treatment resistant depression and healthy volunteers", "authors": "Johnston J, Jones G, Peng S, Yuan P, Yavi M, Kadriu B, Henter I, Quintanilla B, Elkahloun AG, Moaddel R, Schulmann A, Akula N, Kvarta M, McMahon F, Zarate C.", "abstract": "Abstract Rapid-acting antidepressants like ketamine and serotonergic psychedelics show promise for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but the molecular mechanisms that contribute to their therapeutic effects remain unclear. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a platform to model human cortical neurons and investigate drug effects in a human-relevant system. Here, iPSCs from individuals with TRD and healthy volunteers (HVs) were differentiated into mature cortical-like neurons and treated for six and 24 hours with agents being investigated as rapid-acting antidepressants, including (2 R,6 R )-hydroxynorketamine (HNK), psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI). Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing assessed global and cell-type-specific transcriptomic responses. Synaptic proteins were evaluated via Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. To validate translational relevance, transcriptomic results were compared to CSF proteomics from ketamine-treated HVs. Despite differing initial pharmacological targets, overall gene expression across all compounds was highly correlated at matched timepoints compared to vehicle control, suggesting shared downstream effects. Both glutamatergic and serotonergic drugs converged on pathways involving inflammation, mTORC1 signaling, and cellular growth. At the single-cell level, HNK showed distinct cell-type specific alterations: upregulation in excitatory neurons and concomitant downregulation of inhibitory neuron populations. Differentially expressed genes from HNK-treated neurons also overlapped with CSF proteomic signatures from ketamine-treated individuals, supporting the model’s translational relevance. This study is the first to assess multiple putative rapid-acting antidepressants in parallel using an iPSC-derived neuron model. Both convergent and drug-specific changes in gene expression and pathway enrichment were observed across diverse compounds, supporting the use of human iPSC-derived neurons in antidepressant drug discovery. Clinical Trial Registry: www.clinical trials.gov, NCT02484456", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8733841/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8733841/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1154314\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Transcriptomics,Proteomics,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 86, "title": "Therapeutic effects of psilocybin in major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring dose effects", "normalized_title": "therapeutic effects of psilocybin in major depressive disorder a systematic review and meta analysis exploring dose effects", "authors": "Ziping He, Yijie Wang, Jie Chen, Junzhe Cheng, Yuxin Feng, Shuliang Niu, J. Yan", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s00406-025-02165-y", "pubmed_id": "41677823", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02165-y", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tolerability, Dosing, Adverse effect, Medicine, Cochrane Library, Clinical trial, Meta-analysis, Major depressive disorder, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Regimen, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Therapeutic effect, MEDLINE, Pharmacology, Systematic review, Treatment-resistant depression, Hallucinogen, Therapeutic index, Internal medicine, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128718542\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128718542\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2094667953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2463496270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905782592\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011986535\",\"https://openalex.org/W3019350884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216258226\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310494020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315436620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319081635\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322719045\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324045013\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391842082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392731282\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400415795\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401774886\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125689977\",\"display_name\":\"Ziping He\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100429817\",\"display_name\":\"Yijie Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6959-8619\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100333011\",\"display_name\":\"Jie Chen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3435-0351\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125770360\",\"display_name\":\"Junzhe Cheng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125702445\",\"display_name\":\"Yuxin Feng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125772117\",\"display_name\":\"Shuliang Niu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124195334\",\"display_name\":\"J. Yan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S105662685\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02165-y\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128718542" }, { "id": 48, "title": "Examining the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy on anhedonia in treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "examining the effects of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy on anhedonia in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Erica Kaczmarek, Nelson B. Rodrigues, Noah Chisamore, Zoe Doyle, Shakila Meshkat, Marc G. Blainey, Ryan M. Brudner, Shaun Ali, Kayla M. Teopiz, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "Anhedonia, a core symptom of depression, is often resistant to conventional treatments and significantly impacts quality of life. This secondary analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) on anhedonia severity in individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Participants (n = 30) with TRD and a primary diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar II Disorder received at least one 25 mg dose of oral psilocybin with psychotherapy as part of a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial (NCT05029466). The primary outcome of the present secondary analysis was changes in anhedonia, measured by the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS). Exploratory analysis examined whether changes in anhedonia were mediated through changes in overall depression severity, measured by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). A mixed ANOVA, adjusted for sex and age, revealed a statistically significant reduction in SHAPS scores following PAP at the 2-week primary endpoint (F(8, 143.48) = 3.43, p = 0.001, n = 29) with clinically significant improvements observed at 3-month and 6-month secondary endpoints. Our findings from this preliminary analysis suggest that PAP may offer a promising intervention for addressing anhedonia in TRD, but further research with larger, placebo-controlled trials are needed to confirm these effects and elucidate potential mediators. This study adds to a growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of PAP.", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.121385", "pubmed_id": "41690631", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121385", "keywords": "Anhedonia, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Psilocybin, Psychology, Rating scale, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Intervention (counseling), Exploratory analysis, Psychotherapist, Bipolar disorder, Randomized controlled trial, Exploratory research, Medicine, Clinical trial, Interpersonal psychotherapy, Quality of life (healthcare), Adjunctive treatment, Depressive symptoms, Pleasure, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Clinical endpoint, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128743161\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128743161\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W57359236\",\"https://openalex.org/W1943465630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016541117\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065796254\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074669819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095559697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095852687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131991903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148297013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163678685\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891064073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899773876\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907221662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949303212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982296972\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043985951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087462486\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129352024\",\"https://openalex.org/W3144768859\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155867813\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283765980\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297399486\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310295919\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312083915\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393364883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395047210\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395685207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414487013\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nelson B. Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089847178\",\"display_name\":\"Shaun Ali\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120970052\",\"display_name\":\"Kayla M. Teopiz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125763608\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125683879\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121385\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128743161" }, { "id": 3690, "title": "Safety and Psychological Effects of Psilocybin and D-Serine Formulation in Healthy Volunteers", "normalized_title": "safety and psychological effects of psilocybin and d serine formulation in healthy volunteers", "authors": "Hadassah Medical Organization", "abstract": "The goal of this open-label, dose-escalation, prospective study is to evaluate the safety and psychological effects of a Psilocybin and D-Serine formulation in healthy volunteers. The main objectives are: 1. To assess the psychological and physiological effects of psilocybin administered with D-Serine in healthy adults. 2. To determine whether D-Serine modulates or attenuates the psychedelic effects of psilocybin. 3. To evaluate the safety and tolerability of psilocybin and D-Serine co-administration. Study population includes: 10 healthy male or female volunteers aged 25-60 years with no history of psychiatric or major medical disorders and no current evidence of such disorders. The study includes two cohorts. The first cohort of 5 participants will receive 15 mg of Psilocybin and 5 g of D-Serine. Safety data will be collected and submitted in an interim report to the Ethics Committee. If no safety concerns arise, the second cohort will receive an increased dose of 25 mg of Psilocybin and 7 g of D-Serine to help determine the optimal dose for a future Phase IIa clinical trial. This is a first-in-human, Phase I, exploratory clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and initial psychological and physiological responses to a single administration of psilocybin in combination with D-Serine in healthy adult volunteers. The rationale for this combination stems from preclinical evidence indicating that D-Serine, a naturally occurring co-agonist at the NMDA receptor, may attenuate the acute psychedelic effects of psilocybin while preserving its neuroplastic and therapeutic properties. Preclinical studies demonstrated that D-Serine reduced the psilocybin-induced head-twitch response (HTR) in rodent models and enhanced the expression of synaptic plasticity markers (e.g., GAP43, PSD95, SV2A, synaptophysin) across multiple brain regions, with effects sustained up to 12 days post-treatment. These findings suggest that the combination may improve the safety and tolerability of psilocybin, particularly for populations sensitive to its psychoactive effects. The trial will consist of four sequential components: Screening Phase - to assess eligibility. Preparation Phase - to establish therapeutic rapport and baseline assessments. Administration Phase - involving a single oral administration of the investigational combination (psilocybin + D-Serine). Follow-up Phase - including in-person follow-up visits on Day 2, Day 7, Day 28, and Day 84 post-treatment to monitor safety outcomes, subjective responses, and potential delayed effects.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07079930", "keywords": "Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin and D-Serine, Physical Examination, Vital signs, ECG test, Comprehensive Blood Panel, SMAC-20, Complete Blood Count, CBC, Urinalysis, Urine Toxicology Screen, A pregnancy Urine test, Electroencephalogram, EEG, Plasma Amino Acid Levels, Plasma Inflammation Markers, Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Facto, Plasma BDNF, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, MINI, Family Psychiatric History Assessment, FPHA, Beck Depression Inventory, BDI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI, Profile of Mood States, POMS, Subjective Units of Distress Scale, SUDS, Five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness questionnaire, 5D-ASC, Integration, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07079930\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Animal Study,Healthy Volunteers,Safety,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3550, "title": "A Phase 2a, Open-label, Pilot Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Psilocybin (TRP-8802) Administration in Concert With Psychotherapy Among Adult Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Delayed Treatment Control Design", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a open label pilot study to assess the safety and efficacy of oral psilocybin trp 8802 administration in concert with psychotherapy among adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome a randomized delayed treatment control design", "authors": "TRYP Therapeutics", "abstract": "Participants with IBS (all subtypes) and with no exclusionary comorbid psychiatric or medical disorders will be enrolled in the study. This study will involve a randomized waitlist control design to investigate the rapid and sustained effects of TRP-8802 following two experimental sessions in which an oral dose of TRP-8802 is administered to participants with IBS. The study will include clinician and participant ratings of depression and anxiety pre- and post-drug-session, monitor and participant ratings of subjective drug effects during and after each drug session. This study comprises approximately a 28-day screening period (Days 28 to 1). After screening and enrollment, participants will be randomized to an immediate treatment group or a delayed treatment group (\"waitlist control\" condition). Participants in the immediate treatment group will proceed directly into three weeks of baseline and preparation (Days 1 to 18), a 2-dose administration period (Days 22 and 37), integration (Days 23, 30, 38, and 45), the End of Therapy (EOT) visit (Day 52). Participants in the delayed treatment group will wait 8 weeks after enrollment before beginning the study interventions and neuroimaging assessments. As a safety precaution, participants in the delayed treatment group will be assessed weekly via telephone calls or in-person visits during the wait period (i.e., telephone assessments during post-randomization weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7; in-person assessment during post-randomization week 8) to assess suicide risk to determine if intervention is warranted. During week 8, IBS symptoms will also be assessed. At the end of the delay period, all participants in the delayed treatment group will complete the same intervention as the participants in the immediate treatment group. Validated and commonly used assessment tools will be used to evaluate symptoms at baseline and repeatedly after each session. The weekly average of worst daily pain score and weekly stool frequency and consistency for the 7 days immediately prior to EOT visit will be assessed for change from baseline and at the 3-, 6, and 12- month follow-up visits (Days 120, 240, 365).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06206265", "keywords": "Irritable Bowel Syndrome, TRYP-0082, Psychotherapy, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06206265\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3486, "title": "Psilocybin AsSisted pSychotherapy for the treatmENt of Gambling disordER: a Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of gambling disorder a pilot study", "authors": "Nantes University Hospital", "abstract": "The PASSENGER project aims to conduct a pilot feasibility study of the implementation of a randomized clinical trial on psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of gambling disorder. Feasibility will be assessed by estimating the ability to retain participants until the end of the protocol. Other objectives of the study will be to generate preliminary efficacy data, identify clinical factors potentially associated with the intensity of the psychedelic experience (which determines the expected therapeutic effect), and conduct a preliminary assessment of the safety of the treatment under study.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07391332", "keywords": "Gambling Disorder, Psychotherapy assisted by high-dose psilocybin (25mg or 40mg where appropriate), Psychotherapy assisted by low-dose psilocybin (1 mg), NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07391332\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 280, "title": "Acute psilocin increased cortical activity in rat", "normalized_title": "acute psilocin increased cortical activity in rat", "authors": "Junhong Liu, Y. Lynn Wang, Ke Xia, Jia-Bin Wu, Danhao Zheng, Aoling Cai, Haitao Yan, Ruibin Su", "abstract": "Psilocin, a naturally occurring hallucinogenic component of magic mushrooms, exerts notable psychoactive effects in both humans and rodents. However, the underlying mechanisms remain not fully understood. Blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a valuable tool in many preclinical and clinical trials for investigating changes of brain activity and functional connectivity (FC) due to its noninvasive nature and widespread availability. However, fMRI effects of psilocin on rats have not been thoroughly explored. This study aimed to explore the impact of psilocin on rats' brain activity by combining BOLD fMRI and immunofluorescence (IF) of EGR1, an immediate early gene (IEG) closely related to depressive symptoms. Ten minutes after psilocin hydrochloride injection (2.0 mg/kg, i.p.), elevated brain activity was detected in the frontal, temporal, and parietal cortex (including the cingulate cortex and retrosplenial cortex), hippocampus, and striatum. Moreover, a region-of-interest (ROI) -wise FC analysis matrix indicated enhanced interconnectivity of several regions, such as the cingulate cortex, dorsal striatum, prelimbic, and limbic regions. Further seed-based analyses revealed increased FC of cingulate cortex with the cortical and striatal areas. In addition to the fMRI observations, acute psilocin led to an increase in the EGR1 level in most cortical and striatal regions, indicating a consistent activation throughout the cortical and striatal areas. In conclusion, the psilocin-induced hyperactive state in rats is congruent to that in humans, and the increased brain activity, enhanced functional connectivity and up-regulation of EGR1 may be responsible for its pharmacological effects.", "journal": "Frontiers in Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2026-02-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2026.1593703", "pubmed_id": "41716660", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2026.1593703", "keywords": "Retrosplenial cortex, Neuroscience, Cingulate cortex, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Cortex (anatomy), Posterior cingulate, Cerebral cortex, Hippocampal formation, Anterior cingulate cortex, Chemistry, Psychology, Premovement neuronal activity, Hippocampus, Infralimbic cortex, Hallucinogen, Limbic system, Brain mapping, Central nervous system, Amygdala, Human brain, Resting state fMRI, Perirhinal cortex, Posterior parietal cortex, Entorhinal cortex, Medicine, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Functional Brain Connectivity Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127681443\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127681443\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W878533373\",\"https://openalex.org/W1218133796\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607671357\",\"https://openalex.org/W1691941589\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970108241\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974316717\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976431827\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986624071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011889986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020778578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024875626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025204726\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032386770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035462451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039169438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050297923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057478907\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061494834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064153375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072522618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075556735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079818797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080962980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083207963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093593858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097983973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2224527671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2234472934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2595255406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623311414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767241173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792211781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886680918\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887016981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914710263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924763228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953062348\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953739743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994882463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3017727512\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093454394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162476260\",\"https://openalex.org/W3187804795\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214570845\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220674386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220838968\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226057129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291170424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309269582\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378084778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407243631\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408783890\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417046154\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125016007\",\"display_name\":\"Junhong Liu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062344658\",\"display_name\":\"Y. Lynn Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0773-1212\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123289603\",\"display_name\":\"Ke Xia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066467728\",\"display_name\":\"Jia-Bin Wu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3784-961X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018493023\",\"display_name\":\"Danhao Zheng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090433356\",\"display_name\":\"Aoling Cai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-1621\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124977098\",\"display_name\":\"Haitao Yan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108315379\",\"display_name\":\"Ruibin Su\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S115201632\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2026.1593703\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7127681443" }, { "id": 307, "title": "Ketamine, Psychedelics, and Psychotherapy: Reframing, Redefining, Renaming Treatment Models.", "normalized_title": "ketamine psychedelics and psychotherapy reframing redefining renaming treatment models", "authors": "Swainson J, Brietzke E, Khullar A, McIntyre RS, Soares CN", "abstract": "There has been a renewed interest in the use of various psychedelic agents as potential therapies for multiple psychiatric conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), to name a few. This follows the recent accumulation of evidence for ketamine pharmacotherapy and a rapid proliferation of clinics/programs offering a variety of ketamine based treatments. A quick glance at the existing evidence, however, reveals a confusing scenario for patients, healthcare providers, and regulators. Overall, there are no standard definitions of what constitutes a psychotherapeutic intervention within a psychedelic-based or a ketamine-based treatment. More specifically, studies have not always distinguished between using a well-known, manualized psychotherapy, providing psychoeducation and psychological support, or providing a therapy specifically to integrate the drug experience in psychedelic trials. Also, it is difficult to determine the role of the psychedelic agent as a stand-alone treatment, and the relative importance (if any) of the psychedelic experience for the desired therapeutic effect. In this perspective, we discuss the evolving landscape of psychedelic-based and ketamine-based treatments, highlighting different therapeutic models, their methodologies, and the need for clearer definitions and rigorous clinical trials. The document proposes three new definitions to improve clarity in evaluating the effects of these agents and the role of psychotherapies. We suggest language that will distinguish: (1) when the drug is used for its pharmacologic effects as a stand-alone treatment, without requiring the psychedelic experience or combined psychotherapy; (2) when the treatment requires the acute psychological effects of the drug to assist psychotherapy and (3) When ketamine or a psychedelic agent is used in combination with a structured, manualized psychotherapy that could be implemented even in the absence of these agents. We hope that this new terminology and definitions will help distinguish the various therapeutic roles of these agents (as stand-alone treatments or in combination with psychotherapies), and facilitate study designs, regulatory pathways, and more informed patient care.Plain Language Summary TitleKetamine, Psychedelics, and Psychotherapy: Understanding treatment models to better inform practice.", "journal": "Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2026-01-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/07067437251389090", "pubmed_id": "41148143", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41148143/", "keywords": "MDMA, PTSD, depression, ketamine, nomenclature, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychotherapy, terminology, therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41148143\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 288, "title": "Participant Experiences of Therapeutic Touch in Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "participant experiences of therapeutic touch in psilocybin assisted therapy", "authors": "Rachel Ham, John Gardner, Adrian Carter, Paul Liknaitzky", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: Although commonly used in psychedelic-assisted therapy, the role of therapeutic touch remains loosely defined and ethically sensitive. Gaining insight into how participants experience and interpret touch during psychedelic sessions is essential for informing safe and effective clinical practice. METHODS: Participants were sampled from a large randomized clinical trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy that permitted protocol-defined supportive touch. Longitudinal qualitative data (39 semi-structured interviews) were analyzed from n = 18 participants. Interviews covered expectations, experiences, and reflections on the use of touch during acute psychedelic states, before and after dosing. Thematic analysis was used to identify major themes. RESULTS: Participants expressed varied preferences and responses to therapeutic touch. Most valued its availability, particularly after firsthand experience, describing its capacity to foster emotional connection, provide grounding during intense affective states, and modulate the depth of psychedelic experience. Several reported perceiving therapeutic benefit directly attributable to touch. Acceptability was consistently linked to the quality of the therapeutic relationship and robust consent processes. Some participants also identified potential for discomfort or distraction, underscoring the need for sensitivity to individual history and context. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic touch may support emotional safety and affect regulation during acute psychedelic states. Findings highlight the importance of explicit preparation, consent, and attunement when incorporating touch into psychedelic therapy. Further research should inform therapist training, individualized consent frameworks, and safety protocols to guide ethical and effective use in clinical practice.", "journal": "Brain and Behavior", "publication_date": "2026-01-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/brb3.71262", "pubmed_id": "41699875", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71262", "keywords": "Attunement, Therapeutic touch, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Affect (linguistics), Informed consent, Therapeutic relationship, Qualitative research, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Ethical issues, Protocol (science), Intervention (counseling), Attachment theory, Patient safety, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129297531\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129297531\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W572836215\",\"https://openalex.org/W1628654790\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973933342\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000909913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028348095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037317432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086825438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091063737\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121291806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129660502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582692487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588779606\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790381919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793930179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2797335301\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944434778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950844909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969964941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035524447\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111336391\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164217764\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166553838\",\"https://openalex.org/W3181638694\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200610329\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220875482\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230864812\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317469231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381282948\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388822593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396893361\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406240577\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406325139\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126262758\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Ham\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126246054\",\"display_name\":\"John Gardner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126197792\",\"display_name\":\"Adrian Carter\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030212190\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Liknaitzky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-2263\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764450051\",\"source_display_name\":\"Brain and Behavior\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71262\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7129297531" }, { "id": 1988, "title": "Psilocybin-Induced Neuroplasticity and Sustained Antidepressant Effects", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced neuroplasticity and sustained antidepressant effects", "authors": "Anna Maria Komarczewska, Filip Matusiak, Klaudia Brzoza, Michał Kociński, Patryk Iglewski, Michał Pietrasz", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted interventions have shown rapid reductions in depressive symptoms in controlled clinical settings, raising questions about biological mechanisms supporting durability beyond the acute drug effect. [5,7] Mechanistic accounts increasingly focus on neuroplasticity as a candidate pathway linking transient serotonergic receptor activation to longer-lasting psychological and clinical change. [2,6] To synthesize evidence from the publications regarding (1) antidepressant clinical outcomes after psilocybin-assisted interventions and (2) neuroplasticity-related biological findings that plausibly support sustained improvement. [2,3] Narrative review using only (clinical trials/secondary analyses and mechanistic animal/neuroimaging work). Evidence was summarized qualitatively; no meta-analysis was performed. [2,16] Randomized and open-label clinical studies report rapid symptom reduction and follow-up persistence in major depression and cancer-related depression/anxiety, including six-month outcomes in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) protocols with psychological support. [4,5,7,19] Preclinical work provides convergent evidence of plasticity-relevant change after psilocybin, including structural synaptic remodeling in frontal cortex and hippocampal plasticity-related outcomes in extinction learning paradigms. [3,8] Human neuroimaging work reports changes consistent with altered large-scale brain dynamics after psilocybin and TRD-related mechanistic findings on fMRI. [6,20] Across the uploaded dataset, psilocybin-assisted therapy is associated with rapid antidepressant effects and durability signals in selected samples, while convergent animal and human mechanistic findings support neuroplasticity as a biologically plausible contributor to sustained clinical improvement. [2,3]", "journal": "Quality in Sport", "publication_date": "2026-01-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.12775/qs.2026.51.68216", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2026.51.68216", "keywords": "Neuroplasticity, Antidepressant, Neuroscience, Serotonergic, Neuroimaging, Psychology, Medicine, Psychological intervention, Exposure therapy, Mechanism (biology), Depression (economics), Neuroprotection, Functional neuroimaging, Extinction (optical mineralogy), Fluoxetine, Clinical psychology, Translational research, Major depressive disorder, Quality of life (healthcare), Hippocampal formation, Neuropharmacology, Neuromodulation, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Synaptic plasticity, Preclinical research, Treatment-resistant depression, Homeostatic plasticity, Animal studies, Human studies, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126403964\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126403964\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124486965\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Maria Komarczewska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122198948\",\"display_name\":\"Filip Matusiak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122068243\",\"display_name\":\"Klaudia Brzoza\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117509697\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Kociński\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117509696\",\"display_name\":\"Patryk Iglewski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124479078\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Pietrasz\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210230959\",\"source_display_name\":\"Quality in Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2026.51.68216\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Review Article,Animal Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7126403964" }, { "id": 194, "title": "PSilocybin for psYCHological and existential distress in PALliative care (PSYCHED-PAL): A single arm unblinded clinical trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for psychological and existential distress in palliative care psyched pal a single arm unblinded clinical trial", "authors": "James Downar, Julie Lapenskie, Koby Anderson, Gaelle Parsons, Nadia Polskaia, Genevieve Lalumiere, Peter G. Lawlor", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psychological distress is a common problem near the end of life, for which we lack effective, timely and scalable treatments. No previous study has assessed whether microdose psilocybin can improve symptoms in this population. AIM: To determine whether microdose psilocybin is safe, feasible and potentially efficacious in a palliative setting. DESIGN: Open label, single-arm clinical trial of a 3-week oral psilocybin intervention, starting with 1 mg daily in week 1, increased to 2 mg in week 2 and 3 mg in week 3. CLINICALTRIALS: gov NCT04754061. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Two-center study in Ottawa, Canada of adults with advanced, incurable illness and an estimated prognosis of 1-12 months, experiencing severe psychological distress. RESULTS: We enrolled 20 participants (59% of those screened) between January 2024 and April 2025, of which 17 began and 13/17 (76%) completed the intervention. Participants were 40-84 years old, 53% female, and 82% had cancer. There were no serious adverse events reported, and nine mild or moderate adverse events. Four participants withdrew due to disease progression or poor response. Of the 13 remaining participants, nine (69%) reported a meaningful global improvement (Patient Global Impression of Change ⩾ 5); 8 (62%) reported >50% improvement in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores, 7 (54%) reported >50% improvement in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores and 9 (72%) reported a meaningful improvement in Demoralization Scale II scores. CONCLUSIONS: Microdose psilocybin is a safe, feasible and potentially efficacious treatment for psychological distress in people with advanced illness.", "journal": "Palliative Medicine", "publication_date": "2026-01-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02692163261416269", "pubmed_id": "41617652", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163261416269", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Palliative care, Distress, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, MicroDose, Psychological distress, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Cancer, MEDLINE, Existentialism, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Emotional distress, Anxiety, Grief, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Mental distress, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126258550\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126258550\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043351212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043418489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053641615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061378977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108265793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125405653\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784340661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809775049\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007315114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008040921\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082721315\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319771072\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402027252\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123687045\",\"display_name\":\"James Downar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035139817\",\"display_name\":\"Julie Lapenskie\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-5685\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014384279\",\"display_name\":\"Koby Anderson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-9533\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009837504\",\"display_name\":\"Gaelle Parsons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124309583\",\"display_name\":\"Nadia Polskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124320286\",\"display_name\":\"Genevieve Lalumiere\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019847718\",\"display_name\":\"Peter G. Lawlor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7319-1395\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S122377002\",\"source_display_name\":\"Palliative Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163261416269\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Microdosing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7126258550" }, { "id": 1989, "title": "PSILOCYBIN IN PSYCHIATRIC PRACTICE AND PSYCHEDELIC-ASSISTED THERAPY FOR TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in psychiatric practice and psychedelic assisted therapy for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Łukasz Deska, Cezary Kosmecki, Dawid Głaz, Natalia Kamińska, Wojciech Sołtys, Magdalena Stolarczyk, Maksymilian Głaz, Mateusz Stronczyński, Aleksandra Jagura-Sukiennik, Julia Wawerska", "abstract": "This manuscript comprehensively reviews psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. It aims to synthesize current understanding regarding its mechanisms, efficacy, safety, costs, and accessibility, comparing it with conventional antidepressant and ketamine treatments. The methodology involved a narrative synthesis of academic literature, drawing from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials identified through targeted database searches. Key findings indicate that psilocybin therapy demonstrates rapid, robust, and sustained antidepressant effects, with high response and remission rates, often after one or two sessions. Its safety profile is generally favorable, with transient and mild adverse events. Mechanistically, psilocybin primarily acts on serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, modulating brain networks and enhancing neuroplasticity. However, significant challenges exist in terms of high costs, limited accessibility due to the intensive therapeutic model, and regulatory hurdles. In conclusion, psilocybin-assisted therapy offers a promising alternative for depression, particularly where standard treatments fail, by providing rapid and durable symptom reduction through unique neurobiological pathways. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment protocols, exploring long-term outcomes, identifying predictors of response, and addressing systemic barriers to accessibility and cost-effectiveness to facilitate its integration into broader mental healthcare.", "journal": "International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science", "publication_date": "2026-01-27", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4711", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4711", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Medicine, Adverse effect, Psychotherapist, Narrative review, Clinical trial, Psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Clinical Practice, Ketamine, MEDLINE, Systematic review, Clinical psychology, Electroconvulsive therapy, Mental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125929049\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125929049\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2030224179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062101624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996555671\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3192281797\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203928800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3209277823\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281666404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291227674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297478109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386420994\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386894189\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388447053\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388732506\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389868195\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390753253\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391842082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393253405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396814296\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396900907\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398780811\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399323719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399572299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400099913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400335852\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402748917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403113128\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403775020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404764894\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404930798\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409528946\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413817374\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122407127\",\"display_name\":\"Łukasz Deska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122670377\",\"display_name\":\"Cezary Kosmecki\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121581785\",\"display_name\":\"Dawid Głaz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124103319\",\"display_name\":\"Natalia Kamińska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057447553\",\"display_name\":\"Wojciech Sołtys\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7052-7058\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124074784\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Stolarczyk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121597028\",\"display_name\":\"Maksymilian Głaz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121545950\",\"display_name\":\"Mateusz Stronczyński\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121599306\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Jagura-Sukiennik\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093377457\",\"display_name\":\"Julia Wawerska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0145-6204\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210206754\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4711\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125929049" }, { "id": 3502, "title": "PSilocybin Microdose for psYCHological and Existential Distress in PALliative Care (PSYCHED-PAL): A Multi-site Phase 3 Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-arm Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin microdose for psychological and existential distress in palliative care psyched pal a multi site phase 3 double blind placebo controlled parallel arm clinical trial", "authors": "Bruyère Health Research Institute.", "abstract": "About 30-50% of patients with advanced illness experience depression, anxiety, or decreased sense of purpose and autonomy. Together, these are called psychological distress. Treatment options such as medication and therapy are available; however, they do not always work and can be time-consuming and expensive. We need treatments that work well, quickly, and can be available to all patients with advanced illness who have psychological distress. Psilocybin, a psychedelic medication (commonly called 'magic mushrooms') works well for improving psychological distress in people with cancer or chronic illness when given in high doses with specific forms of therapy. However, psilocybin has not been well-studied among people with advanced illness, and there are concerns about safety and side effects in people approaching the end of life. However, reports on psilocybin microdosing, which involves taking small doses that do not cause hallucinations and do not require therapy, suggest that this may be effective, safer, and more acceptable for people with advanced illness. We recently completed a small study of psilocybin microdosing. Our results showed psilocybin microdose improved psychological distress in most participants with advanced illness, without serious side effects. Our next step is to do a randomized clinical trial where some patients receive psilocybin microdose and some receive placebo (a drug that contains no medicinal ingredients). By comparing these two groups, we can remove the possibility that improvements in symptoms are only because patients thought they were getting treatment. We will enroll 120 patients from inpatient, outpatient, and community care settings across seven sites. Participants in the microdose psilocybin group will receive 2 or 3 mg of psilocybin daily, 4 days per week, for two consecutive weeks. The placebo group will receive placebo with the same treatment schedule. All participants will be offered microdose psilocybin after 2-week follow-up. If this study is successful, we have the potential to change how psychological distress is managed in patients with advanced illness. Patients with advanced illness report feeling a sense of hopelessness, loss of autonomy and relationships, and a lack of purpose in life. These feelings of psychological suffering have been described as \"existential distress\" and are associated with poor outcomes, including decreased medication adherence and quality of life, increased desire for hastened death and rates of suicide, and has been identified as a primary reason why individuals pursue medical assistance in dying (MAiD). Current treatments for psychological and existential suffering have low efficacy and are challenging to use in a palliative context. Pharmacological approaches for treating psychological suffering may reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, but evidence to support their efficacy in palliative care (PC) is underwhelming. Antidepressant and anxiolytic medications also take time to work and can cause serious side effects such as falls and confusion, which can be substantial deterrents for patients. Similarly, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have demonstrated psychotherapeutic interventions show limited benefit in a PC population. Further, psychotherapy can be time consuming and slow to work, which is not ideal for patients with limited life expectancy. Given the burden of psychological and existential distress among patients followed by PC providers, there is a need to develop scalable, brief, and rapidly effective therapeutic approaches to reduce this distress. Psychedelic medications offer an innovative, safe, complementary approach to address psychological and existential suffering in patients receiving PC. Studies from the 1950's showed serotonergic hallucinogens (\"psychedelics\") improved depression and anxiety symptoms in cancer patients. However, legislative changes restricted the use of these medications in clinical care and research. Interest in psychedelic medications has been rekindled by two recently published RCTs that studied the use of psilocybin (a mushroom-derived 5HT2A agonist) during a single psychotherapeutic session in cancer patients with anxiety and/or depression. These trials demonstrated rapid, clinically meaningful, and long-lasting reductions in depressed mood and/or anxiety symptoms and improvements in quality of life and death acceptance. Although the exact mechanism by which psilocybin affects mood symptoms is unclear, functional MRI studies of the brain show psilocybin disrupts the functional connectivity between anterior hippocampus (involved in memory and anticipation of future events) and the default mode network (associated with anhedonia and rumination on negative themes). There is also evidence suggesting psilocybin microdosing - taking sub-hallucinogenic doses continuously over longer time periods, rather than a one-time hallucinogenic dose - can improve mood and anxiety. The effects of microdosing, however, have not been rigorously evaluated, particularly in patients with life limiting illness. Results from recent trials are encouraging but knowledge gaps remain. First, studies to date primarily enrolled patients with localized disease who experience different distress than that of patients with advanced disease who are near the end of life. Second, it is unclear if Canadians would find psilocybin an attractive option in the context of MAiD legalization, which provides an alternative option for patients with severe psychological suffering. Third, there is no empirical research on the therapeutic effects of psilocybin microdosing, as most studies have followed macrodosing protocols. While preliminary efficacy of macrodosing has been demonstrated, there are important barriers to administering this therapy in a PC context. Previous trials had slow recruitment rates, suggesting there may be barriers related to the acceptability of psilocybin macrodosing from the perspectives of patients and families. Macrodosing requires the patient to dedicate an entire day to participating in a guided hallucinogenic experience and remain in an acute care setting where they can be closely monitored. It also requires patients to engage in preparatory sessions with monitors and a post-therapy session. In a PC context, this time commitment may not be acceptable or feasible for patients who are nearing the end of life. Macrodosing requires at least two trained moderators to guide the patient through their psychedelic experience and facilitate the pre- and post-dosing sessions. In most PC settings, it is not feasible to have clinicians dedicate two days to a single patient, thus limiting the scalability of this intervention. Anecdotally, concerns about the safety of high-dose psilocybin in the terminally ill, as well as access to psychotherapy, may also be substantial barriers in this population. Moreover, randomized trials of psychedelic medications are methodologically challenging because patients cannot be blinded to having a psychedelic experience. This \"functional unblinding\" was one major reason why the US FDA chose not to approve psychedelic medication for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in August 2024, despite strongly positive trial results. Psilocybin microdosing may be safer and more feasible than psilocybin macrodosing in palliative setting. Psychedelic microdosing involves taking 5-10% of a psychedelic dose of a substance such as psilocybin on a regular basis (daily or several times per week). It does not produce a psychedelic experience, nor does it involve psychotherapy, but large surveys and anecdotal reports suggest that microdosing produces substantial and sustained improvements in mood and anxiety symptoms without any important side effects. By removing the requirement for trained moderators, minimizing the time commitment required of patients, eliminating the hallucinogenic effects of the therapy, and allowing patients to receive treatment either as an inpatient or in the community, microdosing may be a more acceptable option to patients and families and allow psychedelic therapy to be scalable across various PC settings. We have completed a phase 2 dose-finding and proof of concept study for microdosing psilocybin in people with advanced illness receiving PC. Using progressively increasing microdoses of psilocybin over a 3-week period (from 1 mg to 3 mg daily), we found that a large proportion of participants experienced dramatic improvements in their psychological distress, with minimal side effects. This effect was durable after stopping the medication but diminished after 4 weeks. Given the encouraging findings from our phase 2 study, and the potential feasibility, scalability, and safety of psilocybin microdosing for a population with few effective options, proceeding to a phase 3 placebo-controlled trial is warranted. Objectives Primary Objectives: To determine the efficacy of microdose psilocybin for improving psychological distress among patients with advanced illness followed by a palliative care provider. Secondary Objectives: 1. Assess whether microdose psilocybin improves quality of life and desire to die among patients with advanced illness followed by a palliative care provider. 2. Determine the safety of long-term (up to 1 year) use of psilocybin microdose to treat psychological distress among patients with advanced illness followed by a palliative care provider. Open-Label Access and Extension Phase Following the primary study 2-week follow-up completion, all participants will have the option to participate in an open-label access phase. In this phase, participants will be offered open-label psilocybin for two consecutive weeks (same dosing and schedule as the primary study). Two weeks after the access phase has been completed, all participants will have the option to participate in the open-label extension period for up to 1 year. The open-label extension will follow a three-week dosing cycle, where all participants will take psilocybin microdoses for two consecutive weeks, and then no doses on the third week, before starting the cycle again. The open-label and open-label extension phase include safety and primary and secondary outcomes (see Outcome Measures), in line with the primary study protocol. Sample Size We require a sample size of 60 patients per arm (120 patients in total). This assumes a 20% loss to attrition/deterioration and 10% withdrawal (based on our phase 2 study). This sample would have 80% power to detect a change of 0.30 from 30% PGIC response (control) to 60% PGIC response (intervention) at last treatment day, corresponding to an effect size (Cohen's d) of 0.61. Statistical Analysis We will follow an intent-to-treat approach. We will use chi-square tests to compare the proportion of participants in the microdose psilocybin vs. placebo arm with a PGIC score of ≥5 at the last day of treatment and at 2-week follow-up, and to compare the proportion of participants who demonstrate a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in secondary efficacy outcomes. To minimize type I error, a correction will be performed on the multiple secondary endpoint analyses. Safety and feasibility outcomes will be analyzed using descriptive statistics with 95% confidence intervals.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-01-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07063862", "keywords": "Psychological Distress, Psilocybin, Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07063862\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 223, "title": "Psilocybin-induced alterations in EEG power, connectivity and network dynamics in healthy subjects: Correlations with subjective experience and implications for therapeutic applications", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced alterations in eeg power connectivity and network dynamics in healthy subjects correlations with subjective experience and implications for therapeutic applications", "authors": "Cheng-Teng Ip, Sebastian Olbrich, Mateo de Bardeci, Anna Monn, Andres Ort, John W. Smallridge, Franz Vollenweider", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Recent advancements in psychedelic research have highlighted psilocybin's potential therapeutic benefits for various mental disorders. Understanding its effects on brain function and identifying predictors of individual responses are essential for developing effective treatments. METHODS: This double-blind, randomized, crossover, and placebo-controlled study enrolled 25 healthy individuals (18 males, 7 females, average age 24.44 years). Participants underwent two sessions involving administration of either psilocybin (oral dose of 10-20 mg) or placebo. Ten-minute resting EEG recordings were taken at baseline and post-administration peaks, focusing on EEG power and connectivity in the default-mode network (DMN) and localized cortical networks in the frontal and parietal cortices. Additionally, we investigated whether baseline EEG features could predict subjective experiences during the psilocybin condition. RESULTS: Psilocybin significantly decreased EEG power in slow frequency bands (theta and alpha) and increased power in fast frequency bands (beta, gamma1, gamma2) compared to placebo. Connectivity analyses revealed increased connectivity in the DMN and localized parietal network under psilocybin. Subjective experiences, as measured by the Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire, showed positive correlations with changes in EEG power and connectivity. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin induces significant changes in brain function, characterized by altered EEG power and connectivity. These changes correlate strongly with subjective experiences, supporting psilocybin's potential for treating mental disorders. The predictive value of baseline EEG features for subjective alterations suggests that specific brain activity patterns may serve as biomarkers for tailoring psilocybin therapy in clinical settings. This study enhances our understanding of psilocybin's neurophysiological impacts and informs future therapeutic applications. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03853577?cond=NCT03853577&rank=1 Registration number: NCT03853577.", "journal": "Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-01-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2026.111626", "pubmed_id": "41611012", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2026.111626", "keywords": "Electroencephalography, Dynamics (music), Computer science, Psychology, Neuroscience, Artificial intelligence, Cognitive psychology, Neurophysiology, Artificial neural network, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125776842\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125776842\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1037524820\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967157241\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977231215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029520770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031570501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060688692\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061746706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064685959\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067393309\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122335802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162010696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547515170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582692487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808933756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014263147\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036760910\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199788288\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203708166\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214586747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281624305\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292791729\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319079931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323350010\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362699944\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376117628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382515410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385063925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390629750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390755783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391313086\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391678591\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123971182\",\"display_name\":\"Cheng-Teng Ip\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124030522\",\"display_name\":\"Sebastian Olbrich\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123895283\",\"display_name\":\"Mateo de Bardeci\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Anna Monn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124042513\",\"display_name\":\"Andres Ort\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123946921\",\"display_name\":\"John W. Smallridge\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124023870\",\"display_name\":\"Franz Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S142279999\",\"source_display_name\":\"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2026.111626\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125776842" }, { "id": 4100, "title": "The therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in major depressive disorder: A review of recent clinical and mechanistic evidence", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in major depressive disorder a review of recent clinical and mechanistic evidence", "authors": "Fernando Mora López, Johynny Solís Solís, Ekaterina Daniela Hernández Baker, Olger Herrera Barboza, David Diaz Polo, Daniela Consumi Cordero", "abstract": "This review examines the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for major depressive disorder by integrating findings from clinical trials, meta-analyses, and mechanistic research. A comprehensive literature search across major scientific databases identified empirical studies evaluating psilocybin’s effects on depressive symptomatology, safety, and underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Psilocybin’s primary pharmacological action as a 5-HT2A receptor agonist leads to alterations in brain connectivity, particularly within networks associated with self-referential processing and emotional regulation. These receptor-level effects are accompanied by neuroplastic changes, including enhanced synaptogenesis and functional reorganization, which contribute to the rapid and sustained antidepressant outcomes observed in clinical settings. Neuroimaging studies further support these mechanisms by demonstrating reductions in amygdala activity and modifications within default mode and executive networks following administration. Clinical evidence consistently indicates that psilocybin produces substantial reductions in depressive symptoms, with meta-analyses reporting large effect sizes and durable benefits lasting from several weeks to as long as one year. Randomized controlled trials highlight its rapid onset of action, with remission rates notably higher than those achieved with conventional treatments, including in populations with treatment-resistant depression. Open-label studies reinforce the durability of these effects and emphasize the essential role of psychotherapeutic support in optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Across studies, psilocybin demonstrates a favorable safety profile, with adverse events being mild, transient, and predictable. Despite these promising findings, methodological limitations such as small sample sizes, high heterogeneity, and variability in treatment protocols underscore the need for larger, standardized Phase III trials. Future research should also include direct comparisons with established antidepressants and efforts to identify biomarkers that may guide personalized treatment approaches.", "journal": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "publication_date": "2026-01-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.18375715", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18375715", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Neuroimaging, Psychology, Default mode network, Major depressive disorder, Clinical trial, Adverse effect, Amygdala, Clinical psychology, Functional neuroimaging, Neuroscience, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Neuroplasticity, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Depressive symptoms, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, MEDLINE, Disengagement theory, Clinical Practice, Animal studies, Mechanism (biology), Synaptogenesis, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125699554\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125699554\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044911442\",\"display_name\":\"Fernando Mora López\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123855282\",\"display_name\":\"Johynny Solís Solís\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123879550\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Daniela Hernández Baker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123829836\",\"display_name\":\"Olger Herrera Barboza\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123850173\",\"display_name\":\"David Diaz Polo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123876686\",\"display_name\":\"Daniela Consumi Cordero\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400562\",\"source_display_name\":\"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18375715\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125699554" }, { "id": 1991, "title": "The Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of the Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Adults with Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of psilocybin in the treatment of adults with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Rishika Scott, James Smith", "abstract": "Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has been well-researched within scientific literature, although the therapeutic value of psilocybin is not fully understood. The aim of this systematic review is to determine a stable and effective dosage unit to inform health professionals of the benefits of psilocybin, using peer-reviewed literature and meta-analysis. The review will also compare selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) with psychotherapy to draw conclusions and recommendations of psilocybin therapy to improve day-to-day living for affected patients. PubMed and the University of Portsmouth Discovery online database (EBSCOhost) were individually utilised from December 2024 to March 2025. Five open-label studies and 2 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were selected to assess psilocybin efficacy and safety. Appraisal checklists along with search criteria were used to determine eligibility and reliability of these data. The random-effects meta-analyses demonstrated that psilocybin at 25 mg within specific integrated sessions was effective at treating TRD compared to 10 mg and 1 mg by comparing clinical trials between two doses and single doses. Psilocybin at 25 mg was found to significantly reduce patients’ depressive severity compared to the baseline, which was prevalent in the two-dose studies (n = 5) compared to the single-dose studies (n = 2), due to the number of studies produced. The overall evidence suggests that psilocybin is an effective therapeutic for treatment-resistant depression, with a dosage unit of 25 mg administered as a single capsule per dosing session, with one dose per clinical session. Limitations to the evidence and this review have affected the overall results; therefore, more relevant studies are needed.", "journal": "Emerging Minds Journal for Student Research", "publication_date": "2026-01-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.59973/emjsr.317", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.59973/emjsr.317", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Dosing, Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Randomized controlled trial, MEDLINE, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, Evidence-based medicine, Major depressive disorder, Therapeutic effect, Systematic review, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125652025\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125652025\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123818412\",\"display_name\":\"Rishika Scott\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123804606\",\"display_name\":\"James Smith\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387290763\",\"source_display_name\":\"Emerging Minds Journal for Student Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.59973/emjsr.317\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125652025" }, { "id": 195, "title": "Methodological moderators of psilocybin-assisted therapy in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "methodological moderators of psilocybin assisted therapy in depression a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Omer A. Syed, Benjamin Tsang, Sean M. Nestor, Nir Lipsman, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, Fahad Alam, Peter Giacobbe", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging intervention for depression. Though several clinical trials report promising results for PAT in treating depression, there remains a need for consensus on optimal methodologies and standardization of PAT protocols. The objective of this review was to assess the efficacy of PAT in treating depressive symptoms and to systematically examine the influence of methodological moderators underlying antidepressant responses. We searched the electronic databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychInfo and Embase for randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) using PAT as a treatment intervention for major depressive disorder. The primary outcomes were standardized mean difference (SMD) of change in depressive symptoms pre- versus post-treatment sessions, and the difference in antidepressant treatment effects among various PAT methodologies in a subgroup analysis. Seven RCTs involving 522 participants were analyzed. The overall random effects model found PAT to have a large and significant antidepressant effect. The subgroup analyses found larger effects, albeit non-significant differences in subgroup heterogeneity, associated with studies that administered psilocybin in bodyweight-adjusted doses and provided longer preparation, dosing, and integration sessions and provided non-manualized psychotherapy. This study presents the first systematic examination of PAT methodologies influencing antidepressant effects and provides preliminary insights for clinicians in designing future PAT protocols for depression.", "journal": "Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews", "publication_date": "2026-01-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106573", "pubmed_id": "41587629", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106573", "keywords": "Clinical psychology, Psychology, Antidepressant, Treatment-resistant depression, Meta-analysis, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Intervention (counseling), MEDLINE, Major depressive disorder, Subgroup analysis, Depression (economics), Strictly standardized mean difference, Randomized controlled trial, Psychotherapist, Standardization, Treatment effect, Medicine, Systematic review, Psilocybin, Major depressive episode, Significant difference, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125613611\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125613611\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2032737645\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078501925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104657845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126930838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883296161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947995541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045779896\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146142859\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155064992\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220813054\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225336626\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308952246\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313515381\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322757924\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386917375\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387793665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484734\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390586775\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400240387\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401122737\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412197020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417304665\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062369777\",\"display_name\":\"Omer A. Syed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-5223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082428614\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Tsang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0176-821X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023782543\",\"display_name\":\"Sean M. Nestor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-5027\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067783855\",\"display_name\":\"Nir Lipsman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4820-3056\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121049083\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121502185\",\"display_name\":\"Fahad Alam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103277729\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Giacobbe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6221\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S170052170\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106573\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125613611" }, { "id": 3673, "title": "A Phase 2 Trial of Psilocybin as an Adjunctive Treatment for OUD Patients Who Continue to Use Illicit Opioids Despite Adherence to Methadone Treatment", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 trial of psilocybin as an adjunctive treatment for oud patients who continue to use illicit opioids despite adherence to methadone treatment", "authors": "NYU Langone Health", "abstract": "This is a double-blind, adaptive, 2-stage, multi-site, phase 2 randomized controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate effects of moderate and high dose psilocybin, relative to low-dose psilocybin control, in OUD patients who continue to use illicit opioids in spite of adherence to standard-of-care treatment with methadone. Up to 480 participations will be consented to yield 240 randomized participants. This study is part of the NIH HEAL Initiative (https://heal.nih.gov/). In Stage 1, subjects will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: psilocybin 30 mg (high dose), psilocybin 20 mg (medium dose), and psilocybin 1 mg (control condition). By the end of Stage 1, an interim statistical analysis will be performed. The study will proceed to Stage 2 if at least one of the active dosages of psilocybin demonstrates 1) acceptable safety, based on analysis of safety data from Stage 1; and 2) conditional power of at least 25%, based on effect size estimates for the primary opioid use outcome (weeks of biologically-verified abstinence during 24 weeks of follow-up). Using a priori decision rules, the interim analysis will determine which of the active treatment groups (30 mg, 20 mg, or both) will be retained in Stage 2 of the trial. Stage 2 will continue the study, using the same treatment and assessment protocols, but retaining only the active dosage or dosages with a high probability of demonstrating efficacy relative to the psilocybin 1 mg control condition. The primary aims are to 1) Evaluate safety and efficacy outcomes in Stage 1 subjects in order to optimize design of the Stage 2, 2) Determine whether treatment with a single high (30 mg) or medium (20 mg) dose of psilocybin improves OUD treatment outcomes, relative to psilocybin 1 mg (control condition), in patients who continue to use illicit opioids despite adherence to methadone treatment, 3) Evaluate the effects of high-dose psilocybin and medium dose psilocybin on self-reported OUD-related neuropsychopathology, and 4) Identify likely responders to psilocybin treatment by using machine learning to model post-treatment OUD outcomes, based on pretreatment characteristics including all relevant clinical data, evaluations, and questionnaires.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-01-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06796062", "keywords": "Opioid Use Disorder, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06796062\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1992, "title": "THE PSYCHEDELIC RENAISSANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PSILOCYBIN AND LSD IN THE TREATMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic renaissance a systematic review of psilocybin and lsd in the treatment of psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Jakub Klepacz, Radosław Swędrak, Marzena Swojnóg, Zuzanna Dobrakowska", "abstract": "The escalating global burden of mental health disorders, coupled with the stagnation of innovation in traditional monoaminergic pharmacotherapy (e.g., SSRIs), has precipitated a critical need for novel therapeutic paradigms. This article presents a comprehensive systematic review of the so-called \"Psychedelic Renaissance,\" focusing on the clinical resurgence of classical serotonergic hallucinogens: psilocybin and Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD). The review adopts an interdisciplinary structure to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and societal implications of these compounds. Firstly, the paper traces the historical evolution of psychedelics from indigenous sacramental use, through the research proliferation of the 1950s, to the prohibitive legislation of the late 20th century. Secondly, it delineates the neurobiological mechanisms of action, specifically 5-HT2A receptor agonism and the disintegration of the Default Mode Network (DMN), which correlates with the alleviation of rigid cognitive patterns in depression and anxiety. Thirdly, the review synthesizes data from contemporary clinical trials demonstrating significant therapeutic potential in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD), end-of-life existential distress, and substance use disorders. Unlike standard pharmacological reviews, this paper also analyzes the distinct psychotherapeutic framework (\"set and setting\"), integration processes, and socio-economic factors, including cost-effectiveness and access equity. The findings suggest that psychedelic-assisted therapy represents a transformative shift from chronic symptom management to rapid, episodic curative interventions, provided that regulatory and ethical challenges are adequately addressed.", "journal": "International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science", "publication_date": "2026-01-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4582", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4582", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychiatry, Monoaminergic, Serotonergic, Transformative learning, Medicine, Mental health, Modalities, Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Lysergic acid diethylamide, Cognition, Addiction, Default mode network, Clinical psychology, Transpersonal, Mental illness, Legislation, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": 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Klepacz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123925115\",\"display_name\":\"Radosław Swędrak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125010452\",\"display_name\":\"Marzena Swojnóg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124022275\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Dobrakowska\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210206754\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4582\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7127606273" }, { "id": 196, "title": "Consistency of protocol and safety data reporting in clinical trial registrations and corresponding publications of interventions involving MDMA and psilocybin", "normalized_title": "consistency of protocol and safety data reporting in clinical trial registrations and corresponding publications of interventions involving mdma and psilocybin", "authors": "Marija Franka Žuljević, Antonija Mijatović, Renata Orhanović, Glenn Goasdoué, Diana Gujinović", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Clinical Epidemiology", "publication_date": "2026-01-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jclinepi.2026.112170", "pubmed_id": "41581835", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2026.112170", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MDMA, Credibility, Medicine, Protocol (science), Psychological intervention, Clinical trial, Transparency (behavior), Consistency (knowledge bases), Checklist, Reporting bias, Documentation, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Protocol design, Mephedrone, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, Alternative medicine, Hallucinogen, Clinical pharmacology, Comparability, Stakeholder, Medical emergency, Stakeholder engagement, Research design, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125471543\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125471543\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1993595811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022936635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035759032\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043658255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067330083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125346676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2321045434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2424135425\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519918803\",\"https://openalex.org/W2749043159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792588201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972150870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982152979\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003581149\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3041972496\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085274948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195478505\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220795497\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289597870\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292229870\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307987398\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387793665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388686851\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395034174\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396223530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398780811\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401244642\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401512431\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403463774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408107853\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027013788\",\"display_name\":\"Marija Franka Žuljević\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9805-7491\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045974436\",\"display_name\":\"Antonija Mijatović\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-582X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119819715\",\"display_name\":\"Renata Orhanović\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119819716\",\"display_name\":\"Glenn Goasdoué\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119819717\",\"display_name\":\"Diana Gujinović\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S64418186\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2026.112170\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125471543" }, { "id": 4107, "title": "Is psilocybin only effective as part of psychotherapy?", "normalized_title": "is psilocybin only effective as part of psychotherapy", "authors": "Tripdatabase", "abstract": "Current evidence mainly shows psilocybin's effectiveness when combined with psychotherapy, but there is also evidence suggesting it can have beneficial effects with less intensive psychological support. Further research is needed to clarify its efficacy as a standalone treatment.", "journal": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "publication_date": "2026-01-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.18339347", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18339347", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychology, Pharmacology, Intensive care medicine, MEDLINE, Neuroscience, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Current (fluid), Psychiatry, Anxiety, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125431792\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125431792\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123613984\",\"display_name\":\"Tripdatabase\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400562\",\"source_display_name\":\"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18339347\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125431792" }, { "id": 251, "title": "Early response to psilocybin in adults with treatment-resistant depression as a predictor for antidepressant efficacy", "normalized_title": "early response to psilocybin in adults with treatment resistant depression as a predictor for antidepressant efficacy", "authors": "Zoe Doyle, Noah Chisamore, Erica Kaczmarek, Danica E. Johnson, Ryan M. Brudner, Geneva Weiglein, Marc G. Blainey, Jordan Bawks, Jeremy Riva-Cambrin, Rickinder Sethi, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "", "journal": "General Hospital Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-01-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.01.001", "pubmed_id": "41581334", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.01.001", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Medicine, Psychiatry, Imipramine, Clinical psychology, Paroxetine, Internal medicine, MEDLINE, Major depressive episode, Clinical trial, Major depressive disorder, Depressive symptoms, Young adult, Placebo response, Tricyclic antidepressant, Reuptake inhibitor, Severity of illness, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124833468\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124833468\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286500354\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379598244\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038440185\",\"display_name\":\"Danica E. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-7691\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114681119\",\"display_name\":\"Geneva Weiglein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072595092\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Bawks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927191\",\"display_name\":\"Jeremy Riva-Cambrin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077689458\",\"display_name\":\"Rickinder Sethi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-5859\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123364024\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123357924\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S45708651\",\"source_display_name\":\"General Hospital Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.01.001\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124833468" }, { "id": 1993, "title": "Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for People with Metastatic Cancer with Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: Safety and Efficacy Outcomes of a Phase 1/2 Study", "normalized_title": "group retreat psilocybin therapy for people with metastatic cancer with symptoms of anxiety and depression safety and efficacy outcomes of a phase 1 2 study", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Bonnie A. McGregor, Leslie Lazar Thorn, Kelsey K. Baker, T. Gooley, Mendel Kaelen, Kalin Harvey, John M. Guy, Susanna Myers, Juliana Pérez, Peter Thompson, Lindsay Billingsley, Cheryl Sesnon", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin is a promising therapy for cancer-related distress, but existing individual treatment models are resource intensive. In this study, we designed and tested a group model of psilocybin therapy for people with metastatic cancer and cancer-related anxiety and depression. Method: Eligibility criteria included metastatic cancer, moderate-to-severe symptoms of anxiety or depression without a pre-cancer mental health diagnosis, performance status adequate to attend a 3-day retreat that required self-care, and tapering of antidepressants. Exclusion criteria included enrollment in hospice. The design of the intervention included: two virtual preparatory sessions; a 3-day in-person retreat in a rustic setting that included the third prep session, the psilocybin session, and the first integration session; and two additional virtual integration sessions. Psilocybin was administered in oral capsules at 25 mg. A retreat team of four core facilitators and two backup facilitators conducted a series of eight retreats. The first retreat had five participants. For subsequent retreats, we used the primary safety outcome from each cohort, other safety outcomes, and qualitative feedback to make decisions to increase, decrease, or hold steady the participant number. The primary safety outcome was “unattended episodes of participant distress” during the psilocybin session requiring a backup facilitator. The primary exploratory efficacy outcome was reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: We enrolled 55 participants, of whom 3 withdrew prior to the retreat, leaving a total of 52. Their mean age was 53, and mean duration of living with cancer was 36 months, mean (range 5, 176); anticancer therapy was ongoing for 46 (88%); antidepressants were tapered for 18 (35%). The first retreat cohort had five participants, and the final retreat cohort had eight. For the primary safety outcome, there was not a single episode of unattended participant distress requiring a backup facilitator. The mean baseline at Day −14 (D −14) HADS total score was 17.5 (range 6-28); at D +28, the mean HADS total score was 10.2 (1-30), so the mean decrease in HADS from D −14 to D +28 was 7.3. ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy was safe and well tolerated, and exploratory measures show efficacy that is promising. A group configuration of eight participants with four core facilitators can be safe for future studies with participants with serious medical illness.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2026-01-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251413856", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251413856", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Cancer, Mental health, Discontinuation, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Clinical psychology, Intervention (counseling), Adverse effect, Physical therapy, Distress, Randomized controlled trial, Psychological intervention, Exploratory research, Psychology, Clinical trial, Anxiety disorder, Qualitative research, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124682544\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124682544\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1537416593\",\"https://openalex.org/W1564241828\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977733462\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992514016\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058150514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078836440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105258029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128868698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153303099\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2408203670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2430893194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904473517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251745849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366448658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396720923\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402354248\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409687565\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409797469\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5096909520\",\"display_name\":\"Leslie Lazar Thorn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041041464\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey K. Baker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-8839\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018824299\",\"display_name\":\"T. Gooley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075648744\",\"display_name\":\"Kalin Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123327116\",\"display_name\":\"John M. Guy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104052443\",\"display_name\":\"Juliana Pérez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Peter Thompson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121110928\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsay Billingsley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123319675\",\"display_name\":\"Cheryl Sesnon\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251413856\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124682544" }, { "id": 198, "title": "Bridging the reporting gap: Application of the ReSPCT guidelines in psilocybin clinical trial protocols", "normalized_title": "bridging the reporting gap application of the respct guidelines in psilocybin clinical trial protocols", "authors": "Damian Świeczkowski, Aleksander Kwaśny, Krzysztof Sadko, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-01-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.112746", "pubmed_id": "41546918", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.112746", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Clinical trial, Protocol (science), Bridging (networking), Dosing, Major depressive disorder, Competence (human resources), Medical physics, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Clinical Practice, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Set (abstract data type), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124418318\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124418318\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210932781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225336626\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281397183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307987398\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367173668\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378782231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387737676\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389802133\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390754521\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401779935\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402657045\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403667484\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406240577\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407595168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407959310\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409534321\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410307225\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410444232\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410743061\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410974136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411816478\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412197020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413614435\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417035652\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037446509\",\"display_name\":\"Damian Świeczkowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5648-4652\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113262565\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksander Kwaśny\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036340639\",\"display_name\":\"Krzysztof Sadko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-5741\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070339940\",\"display_name\":\"Wiesław Jerzy Cubała\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6343-8454\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.112746\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124418318" }, { "id": 3029, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant OCD: A Randomized Controlled Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant ocd a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects 2-3% of the population worldwide. 40-60% of patients do not respond to first-line interventions. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a single dose of psilocybin in patients with treatment-resistant OCD. Methods: In this phase 2, randomized, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 28 adults with treatment-resistant OCD to receive a single dose of psilocybin (0.25 mg/kg; n=14) or niacin (250 mg; n=14), in a supportive controlled setting. Primary outcomes were Acute Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (A-YBOCS) from baseline to 48 hours post-treatment and weekly Y-BOCS assessments through 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included depression symptoms (MADRS) and functional disability (SDS). All participants initially assigned to niacin crossed over to open-label psilocybin after 1 week. Results: At 48 hours, A-YBOCS scores decreased from 24.07±6.02 to 14.31±8.83 in the psilocybin group versus no change (24.29±4.81 to 24.36±3.95) in the niacin group (between-group difference, 9.83 points; 95% CI, 5.19-14.91; P", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-01-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/atfum_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"atfum_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 184, "title": "The Psychological Support Model in Psilocybin Research: Psychotherapy in Disguise?", "normalized_title": "the psychological support model in psilocybin research psychotherapy in disguise", "authors": "Celia Faye Jacobsen, Dea Siggaard Stenbæk, Stig Poulsen, Sophia Armand", "abstract": "A key distinction among clinical trials on psilocybin treatments, for example, those targeting depression, has been whether the psilocybin dosing session is combined with bona fide psychotherapy or with what is referred to as “psychological support” (1-3). The most developed model of psychological support is the Compass Psychological Support Model (CPSM; 1). Kirlić and colleagues specifically describe the CPSM as “not an evidence-based treatment for depression” (1, p. 127). In our work as psychologists, we apply distinct understandings of psychotherapy. The European Federation of Psychologists' Association (EFPA) employ the following definition: “Psychotherapy is the informed and intentional application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from established psychological principles for the purpose of assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, and emotions, (…) in directions that the participants deem desirable” (4, p. 218). When observing the CPSM through the lens of this definition, the psychological support model appears, to us, to be a distinctly psychotherapeutic treatment model. The CPSM consists of two components, psychoeducation and psychological support, and is delivered in three phases: the preparation phase, the administration phase, and the integration phase (1). The psychoeducation component consists of psychoeducation on the psychedelic experience, whereas the psychological support component aims to facilitate the optimal emotional valence in the client during especially the administration and integration phase, their engagement with the psychedelic experience, and their subsequent exploration of salient themes with the goal of generating insight and self-discovery. Three principles further guide the psychological support component, namely trust and psychological safety, a present-moment focus, and the client's self-direction and autonomy. Delving into the specifics of the CPSM, the therapist's role in the psychoeducation component is, for example, to “explore and manage expectations,” “generate trust,” and “set the stage for a collaborative preparation process” (p. 127). These therapist tasks closely correspond to the management of client expectations and alliance development, which are considered key therapeutic factors in psychotherapy (5, 6). Particularly invoking positive outcome expectations and establishing a trusting and collaborative client-therapist alliance have demonstrated robust associations with improved clinical outcomes in psychotherapy (7-10), and all bona fide psychotherapy models encompass these factors in varying degrees and format (11). Accordingly, these tasks correspond to the EFPA's definition of psychotherapy in that they involve “the application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from established psychological principles.” Moreover, the three principles in the CPSM, trust and psychological safety, present-moment focus, and self-direction and autonomy, closely align with the therapeutic skills, tasks, and style emphasized in humanistic-experiential psychotherapy (12), for example, in client-centered (13) or emotion-focused psychotherapy (EFT; 14, 15). Specifically, trust and psychological safety are established in the CPSM by the therapist showing “genuine interest, empathy, and unconditional positive regard (…)” (1, p. 128). The wording of these skills appears directly transferred from the humanistic-experiential models of psychotherapy, where “empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness” constitute the foundation of a curative client-therapist alliance (13). Moreover, one of the goals pertaining to the principle of trust and psychological safety in the CPSM is to “eventually address unhelpful cognitive, emotional, or behavioral patterns” (1, p. 128). This goal directly speaks to the purpose of psychotherapy as defined by the EFPA, that is, assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, and emotions in more desirable directions (4). The present-moment focus in the CPSM is meant to counteract experiential avoidance and prompt emotional breakthroughs in the client, and the therapists are trained to ask open-ended questions to facilitate the client's exploration and encourage their acceptance and curiosity about especially challenging emotions (1). This CPSM principle appears closely aligned with the tasks and goals of especially EFT (14). Specifically, EFT utilizes methods meant to stimulate and deepen (i.e., focus) emotional experiencing and promotes the client's internal exploration in order to facilitate the processing and expression of emotional material (14). Emotional expression in psychotherapy has been robustly linked to improved clinical outcomes (d = 0.85; 16), and conversely, experiential avoidance to worse treatment and mental health outcomes (17, 18). EFT, and more recent Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy approaches such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (16), specifically target experiential avoidance and promote emotional expression. Finally, the self-direction and autonomy principle centers on a non-directive therapeutic style, a style which is a point of contention within the humanistic-experiential psychotherapies (12). Whereas client-centered psychotherapy makes use of a primarily non-directive style, EFT prescribes a “process guiding” approach and employs more directive techniques (14). In this regard, the CPSM aligns best with person-centered psychotherapy. However, the therapist's use of breathing exercises and verbal cues to prompt emotional grounding and deepening during the administration session in the CPSM (e.g., “be open,” “go in and through”; 1) could be considered a subtle act of therapist direction and a therapeutic technique in its own right. Considering EFPA's definition of psychotherapy, alongside the tasks, goals, and therapeutic style described above, the CPSM constitutes, in our view, bona fide psychotherapy and more specifically a humanistic-experiential model of psychotherapy. Describing an arguably bona fide psychotherapeutic treatment as “psychological support” comes with a set of potentially problematic implications. For instance, arguing that the psychological framework serves only as “support” undermines methodological transparency and integrity in psilocybin research. Presenting the framework as merely supportive, and not therapeutic, may ease regulatory approval (e.g., by the FDA) by positioning psilocybin as the sole active ingredient. However, this assessment rests on an incomplete and potentially misleading foundation, as the contribution of the psychological framework to efficacy has yet to be fully examined. Moreover, characterizing the CPSM as “not evidence-based” reflects a lack of scientific rigor and nuance, given that the model's constituent methods and principles have demonstrated efficacy across broader clinical contexts and diagnostic categories, including within psilocybin treatments. For instance, research finds that a strong therapeutic alliance between the patient and the psychotherapist significantly improves clinical outcomes in psilocybin treatments (19-21). Moreover, experiential avoidance and prolonged hyperarousal, which the CPSM aims to mitigate, have been linked to worse outcomes (22). Finally, the CPSM's present-moment focus is intended to facilitate emotional breakthroughs, a strong predictor of better outcomes in psilocybin therapy (23). Thus, what are arguably psychotherapeutic components of the CPSM may significantly influence the effect of psilocybin treatment, and Kirlić et al. (1) themselves reference such findings. Accordingly, while direct research on the specific effects of the CPSM is still lacking, the efficacy of its constituent methods is largely supported. Framing the psychological components of psilocybin treatment as supportive and only serving a safety function, rather than contributors to efficacy, is inconsistent with research and risks oversimplifying the complexities of administering a potent pharmacological agent within a psychological framework. Finally, suggesting that trained psychologists deliberately follow an intervention designed to not exert a therapeutic effect goes against the integrity and training of our profession and will not translate into clinical reality. Not only does it leave the psychologist without guidelines on how to apply (or not apply) their expertise, it negates the “raison d'être” of our profession. Few trained psychologists will accept, or be capable of, complying with a specifically non-therapeutic intervention. Overall, negating the contribution of the psychological framework surrounding psilocybin dosing sessions, or treating it as error variance meant to be minimized, runs the risk of overlooking potentially vital variability in treatment outcomes. Moreover, it poses a threat to the integrity of psilocybin research and the psychological profession. Conversely, considering the psychological framework as a potential contributor to efficacy in psilocybin treatments might pave the way for its optimization. For instance, important client factors (e.g., outcome expectations or emotional expression; 7, 22, 24), therapist skills (e.g., facilitative interpersonal skills; 25) or interpersonal components (e.g., the alliance; 20) might be detected, facilitated, and trained. Such efforts would transparently support the integration of evidence-based psychotherapy practices with the pharmacological effects of psilocybin, ultimately enhancing clinical outcomes for patients. This scenario, however, may only be realized if the methodology and practical implementation of “psychological support” versus bona-fide psychotherapy is transparently defined, and the contribution of each framework to the efficacy of psilocybin is being researched and ultimately differentiated. Until then, the debate surrounding the role of the psychological framework will not be resolved.", "journal": "Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice", "publication_date": "2026-01-13", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1176/appi.prcp.20250113", "pubmed_id": "42022021", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.prcp.20250113", "keywords": "Psychoeducation, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Psilocybin, Psychological intervention, Interpersonal communication, Mindfulness, Dyad, Session (web analytics), Clinical psychology, Psychological distress, Cognitive therapy, DSM-5, Psychological Theory, Component (thermodynamics), Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7123730053\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7123730053\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1998435247\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041889512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074503869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097564751\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803499312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888858694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896003347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896053783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897586961\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135707442\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978069\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410217856\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067442902\",\"display_name\":\"Celia Faye Jacobsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7221-0427\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121257127\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbæk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066485542\",\"display_name\":\"Stig Poulsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-1820\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086179765\",\"display_name\":\"Sophia Armand\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6368-3329\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210213065\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.prcp.20250113\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7123730053" }, { "id": 3532, "title": "A Phase III, Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Controlled Study to Investigate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Two Administrations of COMP360 in Participants With Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase iii multicentre randomised double blind controlled study to investigate the efficacy safety and tolerability of two administrations of comp360 in participants with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of two administrations of COMP360 in participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) This is a phase III, international, multi-centre, randomised, parallel group, fixed repeat dose, double-blind, controlled study. The study population will include participants aged ≥18 years with TRD. Overall, 568 participants are to be randomised in a 2:1:1 ratio to receive COMP360 25 mg, 10 mg or 1 mg. The study comprises three parts (A, B, and C) and will last approximately 62 weeks including a three- to ten-week screening period. Part A will include a nine-week follow-up from initial investigational product (IP) administration. Part B will include a further 17 weeks follow-up out to 26 weeks from initial IP administration. Part C will include a further 26 weeks follow-up out to 52 weeks from initial IP administration. In this study, the aim is to assess the efficacy of COMP360, administered with psychological support in adult participants with TRD, in improving symptoms of depression.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-01-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05711940", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05711940\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 266, "title": "Sense-making around psilocybin in UK women experiencing cancer-related existential distress: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis", "normalized_title": "sense making around psilocybin in uk women experiencing cancer related existential distress an interpretative phenomenological analysis", "authors": "Zaynab Khan, Sterre Weaver, Rachael V. Dando, Anne Katrin Schlag, Joanna; id_orcid 0000-0002-2717-9739 Neill, Verity; id_orcid 0000-0002-9876-250X Wainwright", "abstract": "People with cancer often experience anxiety and depression following a diagnosis and can face barriers to accessing treatment for their mental health. An increasing number of patients are considering alternative approaches to managing their mental health symptoms, such as the psychedelic, psilocybin. A growing number of clinical trials show significant and enduring improvements in mood and quality of life following psilocybin assisted therapy (PAT) in this patient group. While the lived experiences of patients undergoing PAT in clinical trials and medical contexts has been explored, the broad decision-making processes, perceptions of societal and self-acceptance of psilocybin, and the impact or otherwise of the legality of psilocybin outside of these settings, has not. In this study, qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the attitudes and perceptions of using psilocybin by seven females in the UK with a current or previous diagnosis of cancer (four who had used psilocybin and three who had considered taking the drug). Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological analysis (IPA). Three Group Experiential Themes (GETs) were created: i) somatic healing needs; ii) outlawing nature: illegality as both a burden and boundary; and iii) reconnecting self, nature and mortality. Participants considered psilocybin a much-needed alternative to traditional treatments for the depression and anxiety they experienced in relation to their cancer diagnosis, but felt its legal status was a significant barrier to access. As such, a compassionate access scheme here in the UK could transform the mental health of people with cancer.", "journal": "Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)", "publication_date": "2026-01-08", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/6f070f13-96c6-4cc4-9e40-f2837bdb79b3", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Psychology, Anxiety, Mental health, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Existentialism, Clinical psychology, Mood, Perception, Experiential learning, Quality of life (healthcare), Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Disenchantment, Experiential knowledge, Distress, Cancer, Lived experience, Experiential avoidance, Somatization, Phenomenology (philosophy), Medicine, Principle of legality, Mental illness, Major depressive disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128133091\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128133091\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125179250\",\"display_name\":\"Zaynab Khan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083810610\",\"display_name\":\"Sterre Weaver\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125170898\",\"display_name\":\"Rachael V. Dando\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080895600\",\"display_name\":\"Anne Katrin Schlag\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2074-1917\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125116815\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna; id_orcid 0000-0002-2717-9739 Neill\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125179372\",\"display_name\":\"Verity; id_orcid 0000-0002-9876-250X Wainwright\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400662\",\"source_display_name\":\"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/6f070f13-96c6-4cc4-9e40-f2837bdb79b3\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128133091" }, { "id": 291, "title": "Psilocybin and Bipolar Depression: Promise and Prudence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and bipolar depression promise and prudence", "authors": "Matheus G. Marques, Liliana Patarroyo-Rodríguez, Balwinder Singh", "abstract": "", "journal": "CNS Drugs", "publication_date": "2026-01-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s40263-025-01255-8", "pubmed_id": "41485178", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-025-01255-8", "keywords": "Bipolar disorder, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Psychology, Prudence, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Psychopharmacology, Medicine, Clinical trial, Treatment of bipolar disorder, Psychotherapist, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Anhedonia, Quetiapine, Major depressive disorder, Hypomania, Neurology, Mental health, Clinical psychology, MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118127068\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118127068\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1966197040\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966490279\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984344128\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995256288\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028825681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161282771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790303747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981352576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995178539\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016987955\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117542960\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3172147180\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201512146\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249972766\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292877277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311439362\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311688634\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324045013\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353017554\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367172062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384297675\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384639966\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385394492\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386961159\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391264477\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391286658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392193120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399050445\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399071747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401835033\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403332337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404460385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404543186\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404731501\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405381556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405877117\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955633\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406097304\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406254344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407595168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409632414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410200405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411880520\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412581544\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412618898\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121886007\",\"display_name\":\"Matheus G. Marques\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088613867\",\"display_name\":\"Liliana Patarroyo-Rodríguez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8822-699X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112288612\",\"display_name\":\"Balwinder Singh\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S153913659\",\"source_display_name\":\"CNS Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-025-01255-8\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118127068" }, { "id": 336, "title": "The effects of psilocybin on psychological distress in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on psychological distress in cancer patients a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Reza Moshfeghinia, Sara Mostafavi, Kimia Jazi, Amir Reza Ghasemi, Yasamin Khosravaninezhad, Santhosshi Narayanan, Jamshid Ahmadi, Mehdi Pasalar", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: Psilocybin may effectively treat psychological distress in cancer patients. A meta-analysis assessed its safety and effectiveness in this context. METHODS: A comprehensive search across six databases (Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL Complete, and Web of Science) was conducted to identify studies on psilocybin's effects on mental health in cancer patients up to November 2024. Both randomized and non-randomized trials were included, assessing anxiety, depression, and other mental outcomes at short-term (2-5 weeks) and long-term (6 months) follow-ups. Study quality was assessed using Cochrane tools, and statistical analyses were performed with Stata version 17. RESULTS: In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), psilocybin significantly reduced depressive symptoms, with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = - 2.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: - 3.99 to - 1.76, p < 0.001) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression subscale (HADS-D) (SMD = - 2.97, 95% CI: - 3.60 to - 2.33, p < 0.001) showing strong effects. Anxiety outcomes were mixed: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale (HADS-A) was not significant (SMD = - 3.63, p = 0.11), while the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) also showed inconsistent results. Short-term analyses (2-5 weeks) revealed significant improvements in the BDI (SMD = - 1.17), HADS-D (SMD = - 1.58), and HADS-A (SMD = - 1.99), all p < 0.001. Long-term analyses (6 months) demonstrated sustained benefits on the BDI (SMD = - 2.60, p = 0.04) and HADS-D (SMD = - 3.56, p = 0.01). Measures of quality of life (QOL) and spiritual well-being using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp) scale also improved significantly after psilocybin treatment. CONCLUSION: Psilocybin may reduce depressive symptoms in cancer patients, with mixed effects on anxiety and time-dependent improvements in spiritual well-being and (in single-arm data) quality of life. Given the small number of studies, high heterogeneity, challenges with blinding/expectancy, and frequent co-intervention with psychotherapy, these findings are preliminary. Larger, rigorously blinded trials are needed to determine clinical effectiveness and safety.", "journal": "BMC Psychology", "publication_date": "2026-01-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1186/s40359-025-03935-y", "pubmed_id": "41484687", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03935-y", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychological distress, Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Cancer, Psychology, Distress, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Psychological therapy, Psychotherapist, Psychological research, Depressive symptoms, Quality of life (healthcare), MEDLINE, Emotional distress, Quality (philosophy), Medicine, Research design, Randomized controlled trial, Anxiety disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": 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Moshfeghinia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038317446\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Mostafavi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5635-8912\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121838596\",\"display_name\":\"Kimia Jazi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109512426\",\"display_name\":\"Amir Reza Ghasemi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106707424\",\"display_name\":\"Yasamin Khosravaninezhad\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053986931\",\"display_name\":\"Santhosshi Narayanan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-1500\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027778328\",\"display_name\":\"Jamshid Ahmadi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7060-469X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110607826\",\"display_name\":\"Mehdi Pasalar\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764871139\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMC Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03935-y\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118088637" }, { "id": 4179, "title": "Psychedelics and Mental Health: Psilocybin and Depression. A Sistematic Review", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and mental health psilocybin and depression a sistematic review", "authors": "Marta Gómez Álvarez, Javier Calleja-Conde, Víctor Echeverry-Alzate", "abstract": "This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of depressive disorders in adult populations, including major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. PRISMA guidelines were followed to identify and analyze clinical trials comparing psilocybin with different control conditions. Variables related to the reduction of depressive symptoms, speed of therapeutic response, and safety profile were examined. The findings suggest that psilocybin may represent a promising intervention in controlled clinical settings; however, methodological heterogeneity and limited sample sizes highlight the need for further studies to confirm its long-term efficacy and safety.", "journal": "Open Science Framework", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.17605/osf.io/yu3n9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/yu3n9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Intervention (counseling), Depression (economics), Depressive symptoms, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Substance use, Systematic review, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162447643\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162447643\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136996917\",\"display_name\":\"Marta Gómez Álvarez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9299-5095\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073461895\",\"display_name\":\"Javier Calleja-Conde\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0573-3863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056731763\",\"display_name\":\"Víctor Echeverry-Alzate\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-3513\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407050956\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open Science Framework\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/yu3n9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162447643" }, { "id": 4178, "title": "Symptom-level antidepressant response to psilocybin: exploratory outcomes comparing psilocybin treatment to niacin", "normalized_title": "symptom level antidepressant response to psilocybin exploratory outcomes comparing psilocybin treatment to niacin", "authors": "E. Lopez, J O Lundberg, F. Hieronymus, M. Beckman, H. Yngwe, C.J. Ekman, M. Tiger, N. Edvall", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2026.106904", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2026.106904", "keywords": "Medicine, Antidepressant, Niacin, Psilocybin, Pharmacology, Mirtazapine, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161898772\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161898772\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136584767\",\"display_name\":\"E. Lopez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125067605\",\"display_name\":\"J O Lundberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082700012\",\"display_name\":\"F. Hieronymus\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136592297\",\"display_name\":\"M. Beckman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136572678\",\"display_name\":\"H. Yngwe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011966942\",\"display_name\":\"C.J. Ekman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121794244\",\"display_name\":\"M. Tiger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136580362\",\"display_name\":\"N. Edvall\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2026.106904\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7161898772" }, { "id": 4175, "title": "Cost-Effectiveness of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (PAT) for Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "cost effectiveness of psilocybin assisted therapy pat for patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Yosr Ziadi, Taehwan Park", "abstract": "Conference poster presented at ISPOR 2026, Philadelphia, May 2026. Co-authors: Yosr Ziadi, Taehwan Park. St. John's University.", "journal": "Open MIND", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.17605/osf.io/nrt59", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/nrt59", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Internal medicine, MEDLINE, Clinical trial, Intensive care medicine, Disease, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Context (archaeology), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161800164\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161800164\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130171461\",\"display_name\":\"Yosr Ziadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033768692\",\"display_name\":\"Taehwan Park\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4406922384\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open MIND\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://osf.io/nrt59\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7161800164" }, { "id": 4164, "title": "Facing Mortality Together: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Analysis of Group Psilocybin Therapy Among Older Long-Term AIDS Survivor Gay Men", "normalized_title": "facing mortality together a constructivist grounded theory analysis of group psilocybin therapy among older long term aids survivor gay men", "authors": "Hannah Whitmore, Maria Mangini, Heather Leutwyler, Brian Anderson", "abstract": "Background: Emotional distress is often comorbid with serious illness, especially in individuals facing social stigmas, such as patients with HIV. Death acceptance may serve as a protective factor against such distress. Standard psychopharmacologic interventions have shown insufficient results in alleviating distress associated with serious illness. Preliminary research shows psychedelic-assisted therapy to be well-tolerated and a promising novel treatment for various mental health disorders in this population, potentially facilitating death acceptance. However, limited research exists on the intersection of psychedelics, serious illness, and death acceptance, with patients with HIV+ often underrepresented in clinical trials. Objective: This study aims to explore how group psilocybin-assisted therapy may influence attitudes toward death in older long-term AIDS survivor gay men. Design: Transcripts of interviews from a completed parent study were analyzed in this secondary qualitative analysis using Constructivist Grounded Theory. Setting/Subjects: Transcripts from six older, long-term AIDS survivor gay male participants at a medical research institute in the United States were selected for analysis. Results: Three major themes emerged from the data: (1) acceptance of death, dying, or impermanence, (2) acceptance of illness, and (3) embracing complex emotions. The findings suggest group psilocybin therapy may aid participants in fostering death acceptance by accepting their illness and embracing a full spectrum of emotions arising from facing one’s mortality. Conclusion: While further studies are necessary to validate the findings, this secondary analysis contributes to the emerging intersection of psychedelic science and serious illness by incorporating participants’ perspectives, highlighting the importance of concentrating on outcomes related to death acceptance.", "journal": "Palliative Medicine Reports", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/26892820251401798", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/26892820251401798", "keywords": "Grounded theory, Psilocybin, Psychology, Distress, Psychological intervention, Qualitative research, Clinical psychology, Constructivist grounded theory, Psychotherapist, Mental health, Mental illness, Psychiatry, Death anxiety, Group psychotherapy, Mental distress, Explanatory model, Medicine, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125776111\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125776111\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057296348\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068302074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138664283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166934228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3114414169\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138902448\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153440465\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196833323\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196887272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197478362\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288758418\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293101934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294723946\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297173008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298055464\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318165556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4363624968\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365483416\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366089680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385605913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392298672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396707732\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396939189\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404764894\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124003321\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah Whitmore\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080809955\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Mangini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4524-6317\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042701665\",\"display_name\":\"Heather Leutwyler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2823-1823\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124014178\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Anderson\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210231122\",\"source_display_name\":\"Palliative Medicine Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/26892820251401798\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125776111" }, { "id": 4163, "title": "Psilocybin-Therapie vorteilhaft für Stimmungsstörungen von Parkinsonkranken", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapie vorteilhaft für stimmungsstörungen von parkinsonkranken", "authors": "", "abstract": "Stimmungsstörungen bei Menschen mit Parkinson-Krankheit sind häufig und ein Hauptprädiktor für den Funktionsabfall. Die Behandlung dieser Störung ist aktuell jedoch nicht einfach und der Bedarf nach neuartigen Interventionen hoch. Psilocybin ist bisher vielversprechend zur Behandlung von Depressionen und Angstzuständen eingesetzt worden. Das Potenzial bei Parkinsonpatient*innen ist unbekannt, da Menschen mit neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen aufgrund von Sicherheitsbedenken bisher aus Studien ausgeschlossen wurden.", "journal": "Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1055/a-2700-8978", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2700-8978", "keywords": "Medicine, Gynecology, Context (archaeology), Disease, Population, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Quality of life (healthcare), Coronary heart disease, Risk factor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124268562\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124268562\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4409286565\"],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5647071\",\"source_display_name\":\"Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2700-8978\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124268562" }, { "id": 4158, "title": "Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression (EPIsoDE): Results of a randomized active placebo-controlled trial", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression episode results of a randomized active placebo controlled trial", "authors": "L.J. Mertens, M. Koslowski, F. Betzler, M. Brand, R. Evens, L. Krätner, A. Jungaberle, H. Jungaberle, T. Majić, C.N. Schmitz, A. Ströhle, D. Scharf, M. Spangemacher, M. Wolff, Z. Assadi, B. Scharif, L. Becher, L.V. Färber, N. Kirchen, E. Kulakova, L. Kunz, A. Meijer, B. Rohrmoser, S. Wellek, M. Berger, G. Gründer", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105779", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105779", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Clinical trial, Treatment-resistant depression, Adverse effect, Anxiety, Placebo, Placebo response, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118005769\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118005769\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121822190\",\"display_name\":\"L.J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121824543\",\"display_name\":\"M. Koslowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121783775\",\"display_name\":\"F. Betzler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121792507\",\"display_name\":\"M. Brand\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121791537\",\"display_name\":\"R. Evens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121810759\",\"display_name\":\"L. Krätner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121833521\",\"display_name\":\"A. Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121791366\",\"display_name\":\"H. Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121773388\",\"display_name\":\"T. Majić\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121822296\",\"display_name\":\"C.N. Schmitz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121811371\",\"display_name\":\"A. Ströhle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121789885\",\"display_name\":\"D. Scharf\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121826605\",\"display_name\":\"M. Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121785997\",\"display_name\":\"M. Wolff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121758999\",\"display_name\":\"Z. Assadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121789441\",\"display_name\":\"B. Scharif\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121823024\",\"display_name\":\"L. Becher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121824758\",\"display_name\":\"L.V. Färber\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121806858\",\"display_name\":\"N. Kirchen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121800185\",\"display_name\":\"E. Kulakova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121759413\",\"display_name\":\"L. Kunz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121774631\",\"display_name\":\"A. Meijer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121756009\",\"display_name\":\"B. Rohrmoser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121827624\",\"display_name\":\"S. Wellek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121760402\",\"display_name\":\"M. Berger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121772024\",\"display_name\":\"G. Gründer\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105779\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118005769" }, { "id": 4157, "title": "The impact of COMP360 psilocybin on anhedonia: post-hoc analyses from a phase IIb randomised controlled trial", "normalized_title": "the impact of comp360 psilocybin on anhedonia post hoc analyses from a phase iib randomised controlled trial", "authors": "L. Marwood, M. Young, J. Chai-Rees, S. Mistry, S. Maxwell, G.M. Goodwin", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106572", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106572", "keywords": "Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Psilocybin, Phase (matter), Pharmacology, Internal medicine, Anesthesia, Clinical trial, Placebo, MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118005328\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118005328\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121821524\",\"display_name\":\"L. Marwood\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121806415\",\"display_name\":\"M. Young\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121754295\",\"display_name\":\"J. Chai-Rees\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121778088\",\"display_name\":\"S. Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121801763\",\"display_name\":\"S. Maxwell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023164918\",\"display_name\":\"G.M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106572\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118005328" }, { "id": 4155, "title": "An open-label study of single-dose COMP360 psilocybin for post-traumatic stress disorder: safety, tolerability, and secondary efficacy outcomes", "normalized_title": "an open label study of single dose comp360 psilocybin for post traumatic stress disorder safety tolerability and secondary efficacy outcomes", "authors": "N. Mcgowan, J. Rucker, R. Yehuda, M. Agrawal, H. Simmons, S. Das, G. Goodwin", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106821", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106821", "keywords": "Medicine, Stress (linguistics), Psilocybin, Internal medicine, Depression (economics), Fight-or-flight response, Clinical trial, Disease, Pharmacology, Placebo, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117964120\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117964120\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121770090\",\"display_name\":\"N. Mcgowan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121788394\",\"display_name\":\"J. Rucker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121776293\",\"display_name\":\"R. Yehuda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121806605\",\"display_name\":\"M. Agrawal\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121802584\",\"display_name\":\"H. Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121797777\",\"display_name\":\"S. Das\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121813176\",\"display_name\":\"G. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106821\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117964120" }, { "id": 4152, "title": "Psilocybin Treatment for Refractory Depression: A Clinical Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin treatment for refractory depression a clinical review", "authors": "Jensen, Hailey A", "abstract": "Introduction: Depression is a widespread mental illness that affects a large portion of the world population and many of those who suffer from depression are resistant to treatment currently available. The purpose of this review is to compare the efficacy of psilocybin to the current available methods for the treatment of refractory depression. Methods: PubMed was searched with the key search terms: resistant depression, psilocybin therapy, and adults. Operators and filters narrowed down the search to 43 results. Four articles were then chosen based on quality and specificity with this review. Results: The articles included in this review compare the effectiveness of psilocybin to the currently available treatment methods for depression. Each of these articles found psilocybin to be a fast acting, effective treatment for treatment resistant depression. Discussion: Early results regarding psilocybin as a treatment for treatment resistant depression suggest psilocybin is efficacious. Due to the hallucinogenic nature of psilocybin and the current stigma surrounding the drug, more research is needed to determine safety profile and effective doses.", "journal": "Digital Commons - Gardner-Webb University (Gardner-Webb University)", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/pa-department-journal-of-medical-science/63", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Refractory (planetary science), Treatment-resistant depression, Population, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Pharmacology, Intensive care medicine, Clinical efficacy, Psychology, Quality of life (healthcare), MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110564344\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110564344\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Jensen, Hailey A\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196844\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Commons - Gardner-Webb University (Gardner–Webb University)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/pa-department-journal-of-medical-science/63\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7110564344" }, { "id": 347, "title": "Pharmacological Management of Anxiety in End-of-Life Care: A Systematic Review of Benzodiazepines, Opioids, and Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "pharmacological management of anxiety in end of life care a systematic review of benzodiazepines opioids and psilocybin", "authors": "Brunno Freitas da Costa, Paula Hartmann, Daniel Pagnin", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Anxiety is common in patients receiving end-of-life care and significantly impacts their quality of life. However, pharmacological management remains challenging due to complex clinical presentations and potential side effects, emphasizing the need for systematically reviewing existing treatments. Here we aim to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for anxiety in end-of-life care. DESIGN: Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024556913). Comprehensive searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Eligible studies included adults receiving end-of-life care and evaluated pharmacological interventions targeting anxiety. RESULTS: Five studies met inclusion criteria: two assessing benzodiazepines combined with opioids and three evaluating psilocybin. Both benzodiazepine-opioid combinations and psilocybin reduced anxiety symptoms. Psilocybin studies reported rapid and sustained anxiety relief, with approximately 60%-80% of participants experiencing clinically significant improvements. Both treatment categories showed good tolerability without serious adverse events. However, the evidence base was limited by small sample sizes and narrow study contexts. CONCLUSIONS: Benzodiazepine-opioid combinations and psilocybin show promise for anxiety relief in end-of-life patients. Nevertheless, limited high-quality evidence highlights an important research gap. Further robust clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings and guide clinical practice in palliative care.", "journal": "Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/hup.70032", "pubmed_id": "41502021", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70032", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Clinical trial, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical Practice, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, MEDLINE, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Palliative care, Symptom relief, Systematic review, Depression (economics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118595574\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118595574\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1964060279\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978479511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012160863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088351477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088378149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148893203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2531269403\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010262839\",\"https://openalex.org/W3017244297\",\"https://openalex.org/W3019350884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402564741\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060359012\",\"display_name\":\"Brunno Freitas da Costa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122215912\",\"display_name\":\"Paula Hartmann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038617698\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Pagnin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5213-3935\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S154207414\",\"source_display_name\":\"Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70032\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118595574" }, { "id": 340, "title": "New Antidepressant Development in the Treatment of Depression.", "normalized_title": "new antidepressant development in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Spiti A, Caldirola D, Perna G.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) continues to pose a major therapeutic challenge due to its clinical heterogeneity. This chapter looks at the development of antidepressant treatments, starting with early interventions such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Although these treatments targeted the monoaminergic system, they had significant limitations in terms of safety and efficacy. The introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) improved tolerability but left unmet needs, particularly in terms of treatment resistance and side effects. In response, research has expanded beyond monoamines and focused on new mechanisms. A breakthrough came with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists such as ketamine and esketamine, which achieved fast-acting effects and shifted the focus to glutamatergic modulation. Other developments in this area include modulators such as partial agonists, positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), and negative allosteric modulators (NAMs). In addition, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) modulation has gained attention, with neurosteroids such as zurolone (approved for postpartum depression [PPD]) representing a new therapeutic approach. Other new strategies target the opioid system, particularly kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonism, whose role in the treatment of anhedonia and depression is being investigated. Psychedelics, including psilocybin, have come back into focus as potential treatments due to their ability to elicit rapid and sustained antidepressant effects via agonism of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A), although their efficacy and safety require further research. In addition, innovative treatments targeting orexin, trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and members of the Q subfamily of voltage-gated potassium channels (KCNQ) are also in development. Despite these advances, some challenges remain. These include diagnostic heterogeneity, incomplete understanding of neurobiological mechanisms, limitations of preclinical models, lack of reliable biomarkers, and economic obstacles. Future advances could be driven by artificial intelligence (AI), which has the potential to revolutionize drug discovery, optimize clinical trials, and personalize treatments for patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_23", "pubmed_id": "42036580", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_23", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Drug Development, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42036580\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 143, "title": "The effects of psilocybin on time perception in humans: A comparative analysis of subjective and objective measures", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on time perception in humans a comparative analysis of subjective and objective measures", "authors": "Petr Scholle, Štěpán Wenke, Tereza Nekovářová, Yulia Zaytseva, Filip Tylš, Martin Brunovský, Jiřı́ Horáček, Veronika Andrashko, Vlastimil Koudelka, Michaela Viktorinová, Vojtěch Viktorin, Kateřina Hájková, Martin Kuchař, T. Páleníček", "abstract": "Background: Although psychedelics have regained attention as potential treatment tools for various mental disorders, little research has examined their impact on temporal perception. Aims: This double-blinded placebo-controlled study aimed to investigate changes in temporal perception under psilocybin, both through performance during the Temporal Bisection Task (TBT) and through subjective self-report scales. Methods: Twenty-four healthy volunteers were assessed by comparing their performance on two parameters of the TBT -the Bisection Point (BP) and the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) with subjectively reported changes measured using the Hallucinogen Rating Scale (HRS) and the Altered States of Consciousness (ASC) questionnaires. Results: We observed a rightward shift in BP under psilocybin compared to placebo ( t (23) = 2.27, p = 0.033, g = −0.37). This shift corresponded to reports of subjective time slowing down under psilocybin as measured by HRS and ASC. Psilocybin also increased JND compared to placebo ( t (23) = 2.48, p = 0.021, g = −0.47), indicating decreased temporal precision. Consistent with previous findings, these effects were significant for durations longer than 2 seconds. Conclusions: Based on Bayesian framework of timing, we emphasised that psilocybin alters time perception through disruptions in cognitive functions, particularly working memory and attention. We also outlined directions for future research, which would allow us to not only understand time perception under psychedelics better, but help elucidate the role of serotonergic system on timing. Research ID: The research was conducted as part of a clinical trial registered at EudraCT database under the number 2012-004579-37.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251389552", "pubmed_id": "41479142", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251389552", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Perception, Time perception, Cognition, Cognitive psychology, Working memory, Serotonergic, Anhedonia, Hallucinogen, Developmental psychology, Clinical psychology, Bayesian probability, Expectancy theory, Episodic memory, Visual perception, Automatism (medicine), Cognitive bias, Distress, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118000985\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118000985\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1951724000\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996258690\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010322651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021296709\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023397100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025964232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032732419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042593075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057409808\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060694206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065540111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075814436\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076113015\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139626338\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144455058\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145998697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164353133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318447563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561419573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802902398\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803735852\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903300049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905702364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2927301747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991098502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995495462\",\"https://openalex.org/W3042526937\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087190666\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211131282\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240652873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4241670916\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283160987\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283325106\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366003487\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385250237\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391451404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392378208\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406783070\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410022119\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411326423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412653454\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009629764\",\"display_name\":\"Petr Scholle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055262118\",\"display_name\":\"Štěpán Wenke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3943-4477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003473401\",\"display_name\":\"Tereza Nekovářová\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4410-9975\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121819871\",\"display_name\":\"Yulia Zaytseva\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121823652\",\"display_name\":\"Filip Tylš\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077855950\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Brunovský\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-0848\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012893465\",\"display_name\":\"Jiřı́ Horáček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-7306\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029388239\",\"display_name\":\"Veronika Andrashko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5488-3345\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070851256\",\"display_name\":\"Vlastimil Koudelka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7553-7529\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121761792\",\"display_name\":\"Michaela Viktorinová\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091098247\",\"display_name\":\"Vojtěch Viktorin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0801-2244\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000277095\",\"display_name\":\"Kateřina Hájková\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-2472\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084865612\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Kuchař\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7616-6352\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013034893\",\"display_name\":\"T. Páleníček\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251389552\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118000985" }, { "id": 3464, "title": "Microdosing Psychedelics to Improve Mood", "normalized_title": "microdosing psychedelics to improve mood", "authors": "Rotem Petranker", "abstract": "This trial aims to examine the safety and efficacy of small (2mg) sub-hallucinogenic doses of psilocybin in people with Major Depressive Disorder. This protocol is for a University of Toronto - sponsored, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover phase 2 study of the safety and efficacy of low doses of psilocybin in subjects with depressive symptoms who meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 (DSM-5) criteria for diagnosis of a major depressive disorder (MDD) and who are either unwilling to pursue standard treatment (psychotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy) or have previously been non-responsive to standard treatment. This feasibility study will assess whether microdosing has a short-term impact on participant ratings of depressive symptoms. Participants will be administered one dose of either placebo or psilocybin once weekly for four weeks, and then all participants will be administered a dose of psilocybin once weekly for four additional weeks. Short surveys will be collected once weekly three days after the administration of psilocybin/placebo, and follow-ups will occur for up to two years following the beginning of the trial. Using this design will maximize the experimental power to detect an effect if one exists and would inform future research on microdosing in terms of duration, effect size, and expectancy bias.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05259943", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin first, Placebo first, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05259943\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 199, "title": "Psilocybin Production With Genetically Modified Aspergillus nidulans Under Pressurized Conditions", "normalized_title": "psilocybin production with genetically modified aspergillus nidulans under pressurized conditions", "authors": "Sophie Weiser, Sidney Jung, Bettina Bardl, Johann E. Kufs, Slavica Janevska, Vito Valiante, Dirk Hoffmeister, Lars Regestein", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Psilocybin, an indole alkaloid of psychedelic mushrooms, has the potential to sustainably improve the treatment of several psychiatric diseases. So far, the psilocybin demand for clinical trials has been met by chemical synthesis. In this study, we pursued the biotechnological approach to develop a psilocybin production process utilizing an overproduction strain of Aspergillus nidulans. The developed shake flask cultivation regime was characterized rheologically and was evaluated concerning the sensitivity to changes in oxygen availability and power input. Due to the strong impact of power input on viscosity and thus, (oxygen) mass transfer and mixing of the filamentous culture broth, the bioprocess was scaled up from shake flask to 7 L stirred tank reactor according to the specific power input. Utilizing a pressure reactor, the oxygen supply of the viscous culture broth was enhanced. Subsequently, the nitrogen limitation was addressed by supplementing the cultivation medium with additional ammonium sulfate to provide sufficient building blocks for protein biosynthesis. By producing 542 mg L −1 psilocybin within 68 h from glucose, a robust and efficient batch bioprocess for psilocybin production was developed to potentially contribute to the future supply of psilocybin for pharmaceutical purposes. Moreover, we demonstrated the suitability of pressurized bioprocesses to counteract oxygen limitations for shear-sensitive, filamentous organisms.", "journal": "Biotechnology and Bioengineering", "publication_date": "2025-12-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/bit.70137", "pubmed_id": "41467547", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.70137", "keywords": "Bioprocess, Psilocybin, Chemistry, Biochemical engineering, Bioreactor, Biotechnology, Overproduction, Bioproduction, Pulp and paper industry, Fermentation, Tryptamine, Chromatography, Oxygen, Genetically modified organism, Downstream processing, Food science, Biochemistry, Production (economics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117540352\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117540352\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1589716570\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965876945\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982224868\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985912568\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994774138\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026787289\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028952880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047798770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056469199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064296729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069122038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070580305\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081544371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084892850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085435308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086920804\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091140741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092485142\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094835130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095355118\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095998779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100791399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103216691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105227785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109478474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110707518\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123725062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133407800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133777680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152826723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166850476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172067933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293154135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2409118208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2529289485\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553396238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2593716255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792467281\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888325615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905096641\",\"https://openalex.org/W2939206977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980927199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988070888\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3019061011\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046978107\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048413840\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110449934\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164319372\",\"https://openalex.org/W3181375066\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194414423\",\"https://openalex.org/W3198842719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247311011\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306880068\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311524714\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376867283\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393270574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404004370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405029114\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409148851\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409500508\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113089294\",\"display_name\":\"Sophie Weiser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121529873\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Jung\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028656093\",\"display_name\":\"Bettina Bardl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-0996\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051657626\",\"display_name\":\"Johann E. Kufs\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-2255\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069508473\",\"display_name\":\"Slavica Janevska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-495X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023312761\",\"display_name\":\"Vito Valiante\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4405-169X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083389508\",\"display_name\":\"Lars Regestein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-7171\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S151564723\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biotechnology and Bioengineering\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.70137\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117540352" }, { "id": 3017, "title": "Psilocybin as a Serotonergic Therapy in Epilepsy: Narrative Review of Therapeutic Potentials and Seizure Risks", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a serotonergic therapy in epilepsy narrative review of therapeutic potentials and seizure risks", "authors": "Miguel Benjamín Cervera-Sánchez, Daniel San-Juan, Roberto Díaz-Peregrino, Evelin Zulema Camacho-Castillo, Sthefany Anahi Bringas-Ortiz, Christian Padilla-Cabezutd", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin has shown promise in neuropsychiatric disorders but presents a paradoxical relationship with seizures and epilepsy. Methods: A narrative review was conducted up to November 23, 2025. We conducted structured literature searches across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science. and Google Scholar using MeSH terms and keywords to identify studies on psilocybin, magic mushrooms, or psilocin related to seizures or epilepsy. We also covered our research on serotonergic modulation and epilepsy. We selected a set of core studies directly addressing the research question and additional publications providing mechanistic and contextual evidence for the narrative synthesis. The Risk of Bias of the studies was assessed according to their type. Results: Experimental models demonstrate that psilocybin’s action on 5-HT2A receptors may confer anticonvulsant effects, reducing seizure severity in certain contexts. Preclinical findings support serotonergic modulation as a therapeutic strategy, notably in Dravet syndrome models. However, observational studies report seizures associated with recreational psilocybin use, raising concerns about its pro-convulsant potential, particularly outside controlled environments. Our risk of bias assessment of this evidence revealed significant methodological limitations, urging a cautious interpretation. Nevertheless, clinical trials in neuropsychiatric populations have not shown increased seizure risks under medical supervision. Conclusions: Psilocybin holds potential as a novel adjunctive therapy for epilepsy through selective serotonergic modulation, although conflicting data emphasize the caution with which psilocybin should be implemented clinically, especially in high doses. Animal studies and clinical trials in the future should verify the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of epilepsy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.22541/au.176701186.65064859/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176701186.65064859/v1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Narrative review, Serotonergic, Medicine, Narrative, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, Epilepsy, Hallucinogen, Review article, MEDLINE, Obsessive compulsive, Depression (economics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117461912\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117461912\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114582204\",\"display_name\":\"Miguel Benjamín Cervera-Sánchez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121441793\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel San-Juan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077433028\",\"display_name\":\"Roberto Díaz-Peregrino\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2991-2874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117633819\",\"display_name\":\"Evelin Zulema Camacho-Castillo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117464135\",\"display_name\":\"Sthefany Anahi Bringas-Ortiz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121481342\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Padilla-Cabezutd\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176701186.65064859/v1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117461912" }, { "id": 200, "title": "Comparing single- and repeat-dose psilocybin with active placebo for migraine prevention in an exploratory randomized controlled clinical trial", "normalized_title": "comparing single and repeat dose psilocybin with active placebo for migraine prevention in an exploratory randomized controlled clinical trial", "authors": "Emmanuelle A. D. Schindler, Christopher Gottschalk, Brian Pittman, Deepak D'Souza", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: The goals of this study were to examine the therapeutic effects and safety of psilocybin given as a pulsed regimen for the prevention of migraine and to consider the blinding integrity of an active control agent. BACKGROUND: The administration of a single low dose of psilocybin was observed to have lasting therapeutic effects in one small pilot trial in migraine, although the ability of a pulse dose regimen, as practiced by patients with cluster headache, to potentially improve magnitude and/or duration of transitional preventive effects has not been studied. Furthermore, comparison to an active placebo agent that adequately mimics the acute subjective effects of psilocybin is required to improve blinding integrity and measure placebo effects. METHODS: In an exploratory randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study, adults with migraine having at least two weekly migraine days at baseline (n = 18) participated in two drug administration sessions separated by 7 days during which they received zero, one, or two doses of psilocybin (10 mg; psi). Whenever participants did not receive psilocybin, they received diphenhydramine (25 mg; diph). Participant recruitment took place between September 2021 and August 2023. The primary outcome measure was a change in migraine frequency using headache diary data collected starting 2 weeks before and continuing through 8 weeks after the second drug session. RESULTS: = 4.56, p = 0.102], despite large effect sizes against the placebo group in the those receiving one (diph-psi; d = 1.66) or two (psi-psi; d = 0.69) doses of psilocybin. Similar reductions in migraine frequency approximating 50% were seen in all groups over the 8 weeks measured. The difference in 50% response rate among groups over 2 weeks, however, approached significance (diph-diph: 17%; diph-psi: 80%; psi-psi: 80%; p = 0.087). Drug confidence ratings (i.e., blinding integrity) suggested that diphenhydramine partially substituted for the acute effects of psilocybin. No correlations were observed between changes in migraine frequency after psilocybin and drug confidence, acute general drug effects, or acute psychedelic effects. No serious or unexpected adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION: This exploratory study found similar reductions in migraine frequency with single-dose psilocybin, a two-dose pulse of psilocybin, or diphenhydramine placebo. Whereas blinding was incomplete in this study, this important topic is highlighted in the study design and findings. The potential for psilocybin to serve as a transitional treatment in migraine remains but will require careful planning in future studies to separate drug and non-drug effects. Furthermore, the inclusion of headache specialists in the design and execution of these future studies is necessary to preserve the viability of psilocybin treatment in headache medicine.", "journal": "Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain", "publication_date": "2025-12-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/head.70024", "pubmed_id": "41459830", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/head.70024", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Migraine, Medicine, Blinding, Placebo, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Anesthesia, Sumatriptan, Flunarizine, Cephalalgia, Psychiatry, Nausea, Placebo response, Exploratory research, Psychotomimetic, Modalities, Alternative medicine, Adverse effect, Physical therapy, Crossover study, Clinical study design, Vomiting, Diphenhydramine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117472148\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117472148\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2007980951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020646491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052698649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141092268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148935649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151828427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154524838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2483415541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726799618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769724041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901995644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045626136\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125023528\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281703399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292202439\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309832620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312994437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376613152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389264439\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391036082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391953134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393107532\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393489617\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409155786\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121489154\",\"display_name\":\"Emmanuelle A. D. Schindler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056904977\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Gottschalk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-6910\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056238262\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Pittman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-5604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5105000063\",\"display_name\":\"Deepak D'Souza\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S96331937\",\"source_display_name\":\"Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/head.70024\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117472148" }, { "id": 3043, "title": "Psilocybin decreases reward-seeking behavior accompanied by increased activity of parvalbumin neurons with perineuronal nets in the medial prefrontal cortex", "normalized_title": "psilocybin decreases reward seeking behavior accompanied by increased activity of parvalbumin neurons with perineuronal nets in the medial prefrontal cortex", "authors": "Houff J, Williams A, Allen O, Gisabella B, Pantazopoulos H, Del Arco A.", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Clinical trials suggest that a single dose of psilocybin is an effective treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs). Choice impulsivity is a value-based decision-making bias that predicts drug-intake escalation and is commonly associated with SUDs. The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) regulates choice impulsivity and is enriched with 5-HT2A receptors that mediate effects of psilocybin. We hypothesized that psilocybin has long-term (≥48 hours) effects on choice impulsivity in association with dmPFC inhibitory interneurons with perineuronal nets (PNNs). Male Long Evans rats were trained in a delay discounting task (DDT) where rats chose between delayed large rewards (LR) and immediate small rewards (SR). 48 hours after psilocybin or vehicle injections, DDT was assessed, and rats’ brains processed for microscopy analysis of extracellular matrix (PNNs) together with inhibitory parvalbumin (PV) interneurons and c-fos as a marker of neuronal activity. Psilocybin acutely increased head-twitch responses. Psilocybin decreased LR choices and increased the latency to LR choices 48 hours after administration. These effects were independent of delay and therefore not consistent with changes in impulsivity. Psilocybin also increased the density of PNN+PV+cFos triple-labeled neurons in the dmPFC. These results suggest that psilocybin decreases reward seeking through the increased activation of dmPFC PV interneurons with PNNs.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-12-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.64898/2025.12.22.696123", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.22.696123", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1230007\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3055, "title": "A Randomised, Triple-Blind, Dose-Finding Study of the Impact of Psilocybin on Motor Function in Healthy Participants", "normalized_title": "a randomised triple blind dose finding study of the impact of psilocybin on motor function in healthy participants", "authors": "Bhagavan C, Carter O, Nielsen G, Berlowitz D, Issak S, Braat S, Zaloumis S, Attard Z, Oliver G, Mayne D, Rucker J, Butler M, Dandash O, Bryson A, Kanaan RA.", "abstract": "Background Psychedelics exert widespread effects on brain activity, but their impact on motor function is unclear. This is clinically relevant given the emerging interest in psychedelic-assisted physical therapy for disorders of motor function. This study’s primary objectives examined the feasibility and safety of administering movement tasks following low-to-moderate doses of psilocybin in healthy volunteers. Methods Healthy participants were randomly assigned three psilocybin doses consisting of either (1) 5mg, 10mg, and 15mg, or (2) 10mg, 15mg, and 20mg, with at least one week between doses. Movement tasks were administered during the acute drug effects. Participants, physiotherapists, and statisticians were blinded to the dosing order. Feasibility was assessed by evaluating completion of the de Morton Mobility Index and Functional Movement Exploration (measures of gross motor function). Safety outcomes included vital signs and adverse events. Additional exploratory motor outcomes included the Action Research Arm Test (assessing dexterity), Box and Block Test (Original and Modified versions) (combining dexterity with motor speed), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (combining motor speed with intellectual functions), and Reaction Time Ruler Drop Test (assessing reaction time). The 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness and Ego-Dissolution Inventory assessed changes in states of consciousness. Blinding efficacy was assessed by asking participants and physiotherapists to guess the doses administered. Results Thirteen participants were randomised: seven to 5mg, 10mg, and 15mg; six to 10mg, 15mg, and 20mg. One participant was unable to complete several movement tasks at 20mg. Nausea (n=8, 62%) and headache (n=7, 54%) were the most common adverse events. No serious adverse events or adverse events related to movement task administration occurred. Median values [interquartile ranges] remained near-perfect across doses for the de Morton Mobility Index (92.5-100.0 [85.0-100.0]), Functional Movement Exploration (100.0 [96.0-100.0]), and Action Research Arm Test (56.0-57.0 [52.0-57.0]). Baseline Box and Block Test (Original) median scores (65.0 [60.0-67.0]) improved to 79.0 [70.0-83.0] at 5mg and 4.5 hours post-dose (5mg-4.5H), and worsened to 57.5 [51.0-64.0] at 20mg-1.5H. Baseline Box and Block Test (Modified) median scores (48.0 [47.0-53.0]) worsened to 43.0 [35.0-45.0] at 20mg-1.5H. Baseline Digit Symbol Substitution Test median scores (73.0 [66.0-77.0]) improved to 87.0 [81.0-90.0] at 10mg-4.5H, and worsened to 62.0 [54.0-86.0] at 20mg-1.5H. Reaction Time Ruler Drop Test scores lacked consistent dose-related changes across participants. Changes in states of consciousness were greatest at 20mg. Participants and physiotherapists correctly guessed the administered dose 53% and 50% of the time, respectively. Conclusions Movement tasks were feasible during psilocybin dosing up to 15mg. Impairments emerged at 20mg in tasks that combined motor and additional cognitive functions. These findings support the feasibility of performing complex movement tasks during psilocybin dosing and will inform the conduct of trials utilising psilocybin-assisted physical rehabilitation in neuropsychiatric disorders. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621000560897 Date registered: 12 May 2021 URL: https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=381526&isReview=true Key Findings There is growing interest for psychedelic-assisted physical therapy in neuropsychiatric disorders of motor dysfunction, however, the impact of psychedelics on motor function remains unclear. This study investigated the feasibility, safety, and impact on motor function of administering movement tasks following low-to-moderate doses of psilocybin in healthy volunteers. These findings support the feasibility of performing complex movement tasks during psilocybin dosing up to 15mg and will inform the conduct of trials utilising psilocybin-assisted physical therapy in neuropsychiatric disorders.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-12-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.64898/2025.12.22.25342874", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.22.25342874", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1254240\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Headache / Migraine,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1990, "title": "Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for People with Metastatic Cancer with Anxiety and Depression: A Rite of Passage Facilitation Model for a Phase 1/2 Study", "normalized_title": "group retreat psilocybin therapy for people with metastatic cancer with anxiety and depression a rite of passage facilitation model for a phase 1 2 study", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Bonnie A. McGregor, Lindsay Billingsley, Dianna Blom, George Callan, Susanna Myers, John Guy, Sameet Kumar, Melissa Layer, Jackie Levin, Juliana Pérez, Peter Thompson, Kathy Salmonson, Joseph Whinney, Leslie Lazar Thorn", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin therapy is an emerging treatment for cancer-related anxiety, depression, and existential distress. Most clinical trials to date have studied individual models of psilocybin therapy, but group models may offer increased access and benefits of community. Purpose: This technical report describes a group facilitation model developed for an food and drug administration (FDA)-approved Phase 1 to 2 clinical trial that recruited people with metastatic cancer who had moderate or severe symptoms of anxiety or depression in which psilocybin was administered at a 3-day, in-person retreat. Results: The facilitation model we developed for this intervention is based on anthropological studies of ritual, specifically rites of passage, to develop a secular ritual with therapeutic aims. Using rites of passage terminology, “separation” corresponds to preparation, “liminal” corresponds to the psilocybin dosing session, and “reincorporation” corresponds to integration. In our usage, the term “ritual” refers to intentionally structured, symbolic acts that embody and reinforce shared meaning, guiding participants through experiences that may otherwise feel unbounded or overwhelming. In the group psilocybin retreat model, ritual functions both psychologically-by supporting emotional regulation, orientation, and meaning-making-and communally-by embedding the individual’s process within a shared field of intention and care. Conclusion: To our knowledge this is the first FDA-approved clinical trial of a secular ritual-based group facilitation model for psychedelic therapy that is associated with empirically demonstrated safety and efficacy outcomes.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-12-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251404460", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251404460", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Facilitation, Anxiety, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Clinical psychology, Mediation, Explanatory model, Intervention (counseling), Group psychotherapy, Medicine, Cancer, Depression (economics), Mental health, Existentialism, Phase (matter), Randomized controlled trial, Hallucinogen, Trance, Rite of passage, Marital Therapy, Attachment theory, Rite, Psychosocial, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7116873484\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7116873484\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1537416593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153303099\",\"https://openalex.org/W2430893194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3114414169\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210625928\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313201591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391924240\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396720923\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402500386\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121110928\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsay Billingsley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121109585\",\"display_name\":\"Dianna Blom\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121094019\",\"display_name\":\"George Callan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104069668\",\"display_name\":\"John Guy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110006341\",\"display_name\":\"Sameet Kumar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121098160\",\"display_name\":\"Melissa Layer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121107381\",\"display_name\":\"Jackie Levin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104052443\",\"display_name\":\"Juliana Pérez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Peter Thompson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086140656\",\"display_name\":\"Kathy Salmonson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121054901\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Whinney\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5096909520\",\"display_name\":\"Leslie Lazar Thorn\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251404460\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7116873484" }, { "id": 3585, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin on Speech Fluency, Struggle, and Brain Activity in People Who Stutter", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin on speech fluency struggle and brain activity in people who stutter", "authors": "NYU Langone Health", "abstract": "This Phase 2a clinical trial is an open-label, single-group, within-subjects pilot study designed to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin as a therapeutic intervention for adults with developmental stuttering. This pilot study will assess whether further research to explore the potential benefits of psilocybin-assisted therapy for improving clinical outcomes in individuals who stutter, is warranted. The aims of this study include: * Aim 1: Assess the safety and feasibility of psilocybin as a therapeutic agent for stuttering. * Aim 2: Evaluate the effects of psilocybin on objective and subjective measures of stuttering severity, struggle, and well-being. * Aim 3: Explore the therapeutic neural mechanisms of psilocybin in stuttering.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07296328", "keywords": "Stuttering, Psilocybin, Speech therapy, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07296328\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 388, "title": "The CAnadian Network for Psychedelic-Assisted Cancer Therapy (CAN-PACT): A Multi-Phase Program Overview.", "normalized_title": "the canadian network for psychedelic assisted cancer therapy can pact a multi phase program overview", "authors": "Carlson LE, Richardson H, Shore R, Albertyn CP, Balneaves LG, Bates A, Burnell M, Chochinov HM, Clements D, Deleemans J, Horlock H, Mathews J, McKenzie M, Savard C, Soares CN, Tu W, Williams M", "abstract": "The CAnadian Network for Psychedelic-Assisted Cancer Therapy (CAN-PACT) was launched in 2025 to address urgent gaps in supportive care for Canadians with cancer experiencing demoralization syndrome (loss of meaning, dysphoria, disheartenment, helplessness, a sense of failure) and related psychosocial distress. CAN-PACT has six major objectives: (1) to develop a national interdisciplinary research and practice network; (2) to set research priorities through structured stakeholder engagement; (3) to develop and provide PAT training and education for clinicians, researchers, and patients; (4) to pilot test the feasibility of intervention and assessment procedures; (5) to conduct a multi-center, randomized controlled trial of PAT for people with advanced cancer; and (6) to inform and influence healthcare policy on PAT in Canada. We discuss the background and need for PAT in cancer, describe challenges currently limiting its use, and outline CAN-PACT's strategy for building capacity, generating Canadian evidence, and preparing the oncology healthcare environment for potential implementation. This manuscript presents a summary overview of CAN-PACT as a multi-objective research program; detailed protocols for each discrete study component will be published separately as the research program progresses. Through environmental scans, national engagement, targeted training, rigorous research, and ongoing collaboration with policymakers, CAN-PACT aims to enable equitable access to safe, evidence-based PAT for people with advanced cancer in Canada's publicly funded cancer centers.", "journal": "Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)", "publication_date": "2025-12-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/curroncol33010007", "pubmed_id": "41590327", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41590327/", "keywords": "cancer, clinical trials, demoralization, fear of death and dying, mindfulness, patient-oriented research, psilocybin, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41590327\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Cancer Patients,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4196, "title": "From fungi to pharmacy: Applied technologies in psilocybin production and its therapeutic applications", "normalized_title": "from fungi to pharmacy applied technologies in psilocybin production and its therapeutic applications", "authors": "Qinqing Chen, Peiyuan Chen, Tao Wei, Sunita Chamyuang, Bai-Xiong Chen", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a naturally occurring tryptamine alkaloid found in over 200 species of fungi, has emerged as a focal point in the modern revival of psychedelic science. Once relegated to the margins of psychopharmacology due to its association with counterculture and strict legal restrictions, psilocybin is now undergoing a scientific renaissance. This transformation is driven by its unique pharmacological profile and promising therapeutic potential across a range of psychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. This review systematically summarizes the research progress on psilocybin, covering its natural biosynthetic pathways, production technologies, mechanisms of action, and clinical applications. We first introduced its four-enzyme synthesis pathway in Psilocybe fungi and explored how synthetic biology can revolutionize its production methods through microbial heterologous expression. Pharmacologically, psilocybin acts as a prodrug that is converted in vivo into its active metabolite, dephosphorylated psilocybin (psilocin), which functions as a partial agonist of the 5-HT2A receptor. This activates neuroplasticity pathways such as BDNF and mTOR, thereby producing rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. Despite its therapeutic promise, significant challenges remain. These include methodological limitations such as functional unblinding in clinical trials, lack of diversity in study populations, and evolving regulatory frameworks. Looking forward, the integration of precision psychiatry, synthetic biology, and novel trial designs will be critical in translating psilocybin from a promising compound into a mainstream therapeutic agent. This review aims to provide a foundational understanding of psilocybin’s scientific basis and its potential to reshape modern psychiatric care, we uniquely bridge the gap between upstream biosynthetic engineering and downstream clinical efficacy, providing a holistic roadmap for the drug’s development from fungi to pharmacy. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT HIGHLIGHTS Microbial biosynthesis enables scalable, high-titer psilocybin production. Therapeutic action is driven by 5-HT2A receptor-mediated neuroplasticity. Demonstrates rapid and sustained antidepressant efficacy in clinical trials.", "journal": "Creative Science", "publication_date": "2025-12-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.55674/cs.v18i1.264689", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.55674/cs.v18i1.264689", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychopharmacology, Neuroscience, Pharmacology, Drug discovery, Antidepressant, Biology, Medicine, Prodrug, Computational biology, Pharmaceutical industry, Therapeutic modalities, Review article, Bodywork, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7116104340\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7116104340\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Qinqing Chen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Peiyuan Chen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Tao Wei\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Sunita Chamyuang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Bai-Xiong Chen\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387285996\",\"source_display_name\":\"Creative Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.55674/cs.v18i1.264689\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7116104340" }, { "id": 3521, "title": "A Phase III, Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Investigate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of COMP360 in Participants With Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase iii multicentre randomised double blind placebo controlled study to investigate the efficacy safety and tolerability of comp360 in participants with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of a single administration of COMP360 in participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) This is a phase III, international, multi-centre, randomised, parallel group, fixed single-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The study population will include participants aged ≥18 years with TRD. Overall, 255 participants will be randomised in a 2:1 ratio to receive COMP360 25 mg or placebo. The study comprises three parts (A, B, and C) and will last approximately 62 weeks including a three- to ten-week Screening Period. Part A will include a six-week follow-up from initial investigational product (IP) administration. In this study, the primary aim is to assess the efficacy and safety of a single dose of COMP360 25 mg versus placebo for reducing symptom severity in TRD, when administered with psychological support. This will be assessed in a 6-week, single-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled part of the study (Part A). Durability of efficacy and long-term safety, and the efficacy and safety of re-treatment will be assessed in a 20-week single-dose, double-blind re-treatment part (Part B), and a 26-week open-label treatment part (Part C).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05624268", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05624268\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 392, "title": "Psilocybin reporting in media (PRiMe) for the treatment of depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin reporting in media prime for the treatment of depression", "authors": "Gurjot Brar, T. R. JUN. BURKE, Andrew Gribben, Colm Harrington, Guillaume Thuery, John R. Kelly", "abstract": "OBJECTIVES: Interest in psilocybin as a treatment for depression has risen over the past decade, fuelled by promising clinical trials and a rapidly evolving regulatory landscape. Media coverage plays a critical role in shaping public perceptions, yet little is known about how psilocybin is portrayed in global anglophone online news for the treatment of depression. METHODS: = 125) discussing psilocybin as a treatment for depression from January 2000 to May 2024. Articles were sourced from the top 30 global anglophone news outlets, assessed using a 13-item instrument for comprehensiveness, and analysed for sentiment across five thematic categories. A separate sub-analysis was completed for Irish media. RESULTS: Findings indicate a significant increase in coverage over time, with 43.2% of articles published between 2022 and 2024, predominantly from the USA (68%). While 90.4% of articles cited researchers, fewer addressed risks (47.2%), long-term evidence (46.4%), or patient perspectives (25%). Sentiment analysis revealed a very positive sentiment across articles which was 2.27 on a scale from -5 (most negative) to + 5 (most positive) (SD1.33), with no significant changes over the time period. Reporting on psilocybin's onset and duration of effects increased significantly, reflecting growing clinical evidence. However, coverage remains concentrated in prominent outlets, with limited attention to patient experiences and long-term safety. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the media's role in shaping discourse on emerging treatments and suggest a need for more balanced reporting to align public understanding with scientific evidence. This study provides a foundation for future research on media portrayals of psilocybin and implications for public perception and policy.", "journal": "Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-12-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1017/ipm.2025.10142", "pubmed_id": "41410115", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2025.10142", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Foundation (evidence), Perception, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Public health, MEDLINE, Public discourse, Public opinion, Media coverage, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417453981\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417453981\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2082662662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170196196\",\"https://openalex.org/W2181352742\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592269420\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896529565\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981686921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982483551\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091400816\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120059502\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215496863\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220953030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292410066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297272067\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318455092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318567094\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319457565\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320507195\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376107756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378602926\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385173317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396518351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398137313\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401584843\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404152712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405376152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405660466\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406472189\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090579400\",\"display_name\":\"Gurjot Brar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4273-063X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102330353\",\"display_name\":\"T. R. JUN. BURKE\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027012302\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Gribben\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044959285\",\"display_name\":\"Colm Harrington\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-3640\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055356301\",\"display_name\":\"Guillaume Thuery\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3391-5293\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S27105705\",\"source_display_name\":\"Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2025.10142\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417453981" }, { "id": 353, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for individuals with palliative care needs: A systematic review of safety and efficacy.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for individuals with palliative care needs a systematic review of safety and efficacy", "authors": "Matos ARS, Silva AC, Rego L, Fernandes R, Gonçalves S.", "abstract": "BackgroundPalliative Care is concerned with relieving suffering and improving the quality of life of patients and their families. Currently, questions arise about how to provide patients with good end-of-life care. There has been increasing interest in the beneficial effects of using psilocybin-assisted therapy in patients with severe chronic illnesses near the end of their lives and who present symptoms of depression and/or anxiety.AimExplore the role of psilocybin-assisted therapy in palliative care, synthesizing evidence from clinical trials and longitudinal studies.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesA bibliographic search was performed in April 2024 in B-on, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Eligible studies included peer-reviewed quantitative research (RCTs, longitudinal, and observational designs) with adult participants in palliative care settings, examining the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted therapy. Reviews, gray literature, and studies outside the scope of palliative care were excluded.ResultsOf the 215 articles found, six studies (n = 74 participants; age range 22-75 years) met the inclusion criteria. Across randomized and open-label trials, psilocybin-assisted therapy produced clinically significant reductions in depression and anxiety, with 57-79% of participants achieving ⩾ 50% symptom reduction on standardized scales (e.g. HAM-D, HAM-A, BDI, STAI). Improvements were sustained for up to 6-8 months in most trials, and in one follow-up study, for up to 4.5 years. Reported adverse effects were generally mild and transient, including nausea, vomiting, and temporary increases in blood pressure and heart rate; no serious adverse events were observed.ConclusionsPsilocybin-assisted therapy consistently demonstrated efficacy and safety in the reduction of depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, more studies exploring integrating psilocybin-assisted therapy into existing palliative care healthcare systems are needed. This includes investigating the feasibility, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness of integrating psilocybin-assisted therapy into routine clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02692163251383335", "pubmed_id": "41410211", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163251383335", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Palliative Care, Depression, Anxiety, Quality of Life, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41410211\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 294, "title": "Psilocybin in the real world: Regulatory, ethical, and operational challenges in Australia’s clinical landscape", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the real world regulatory ethical and operational challenges in australia s clinical landscape", "authors": "Megan Dutton, Paul Schwenn, Jules Mitchell, Per Hoffmann, Neil W. Bailey, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Jim Lagopoulos, Adem Can", "abstract": "Australia's reclassification of psilocybin as a Schedule 8 substance for treatment-resistant depression represents a significant shift in psychiatric policy. While this regulatory change positions Australia as a global leader in psychedelic medicine, its implementation has revealed substantial challenges. This article critically examines the regulatory, ethical and operational complexities surrounding the provision of psilocybin-assisted therapy in clinical practice. Key issues include limited prescriber access, absence of Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods-listed products, lack of standardised training pathways and significant cost barriers. Ethical considerations such as informed consent, cultural safety and therapeutic fidelity are also discussed, particularly in the context of trauma-informed care. This article proposes a series of structural recommendations to support safe and equitable deployment, including national training accreditation and fidelity monitoring tools. In addition, to maximise the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy, we recommend that research explores the potential of neurobiologically informed stratification models to assist with treatment recommendations. These recommendations aim to enhance clinical integrity through evidence-based patient selection, improved safety, and to ensure that emerging psychedelic treatments are integrated responsibly within Australia's mental health system. By addressing these foundational gaps, Australia can move beyond regulatory novelty ensuring the therapeutic potential of these products is realised in a manner which is scientifically sound and upholds the integrity of psychiatric practice.", "journal": "Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-12-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/00048674251398677", "pubmed_id": "41405025", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251398677", "keywords": "Mental health, Context (archaeology), Novelty, Accreditation, Fidelity, Psychology, Engineering ethics, Medicine, Multidisciplinary approach, Ethical issues, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Health care, Patient safety, Public relations, Project commissioning, Competence (human resources), Schedule, Clinical trial, Informed consent, Key (lock), Mental illness, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417431364\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417431364\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2012101788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2749595928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794329512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2986842001\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029961383\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093676138\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112909063\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210625928\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214226891\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220928043\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281666404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300960088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316511384\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366352039\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376107756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378745947\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385805479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389035919\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393238047\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394874345\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400361932\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405565174\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410851090\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412555614\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413037134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413521552\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041395883\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Dutton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5209-2801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001791405\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Schwenn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-8113\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014308852\",\"display_name\":\"Jules Mitchell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3086-7129\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026517521\",\"display_name\":\"Per Hoffmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6573-983X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038772618\",\"display_name\":\"Neil W. Bailey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8483-1068\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083159520\",\"display_name\":\"Paul B. Fitzgerald\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-8096\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041201452\",\"display_name\":\"Jim Lagopoulos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5684-8583\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051802152\",\"display_name\":\"Adem Can\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7686-8840\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S179943861\",\"source_display_name\":\"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251398677\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417431364" }, { "id": 3437, "title": "Feasibility Phase 2 Study of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Opioid-Refractory Pain in Patients With Advanced Cancer", "normalized_title": "feasibility phase 2 study of psilocybin assisted therapy for opioid refractory pain in patients with advanced cancer", "authors": "Yvan Beaussant, MD, MSci", "abstract": "The overall objective of this study is to assess the feasibility, safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy to alleviate opioid-refractory pain in patients with advanced-cancer. The name of the study intervention used in this research study is: Psilocybin (a tryptamine derivative) This study is a phase 2 open label, single center, concurrent mixed-methods trial to assess the feasibility of a novel palliative-care informed psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy regimen to alleviate opioid-refractory pain in patients with advanced-cancer. Psilocybin works on the serotonin system in the brain which is linked to the regulation of mood, motivation and impulse control. Psilocybin is an \"Investigational\" drug, meaning that the study drug has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a treatment for any disease. However, investigators have permission from the FDA to use this drug in this research study. The research study procedures include screening for eligibility, an electrocardiogram, blood tests, and the study intervention includes preparation, evaluations, one psilocybin session and follow up visits. Participants will be followed for up to 12 weeks (approximately 3 months) after receiving the study treatment. It is expected that about 15 people will take part in this research study. Filament Health is supporting this research study by providing the study investigational medication, psilocybin. Cy Biopharma and Pancreatic Cancer North America are supporting this research study by providing funding.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06001749", "keywords": "Opioid-Related Disorders, Pain Management, Pain Management and Care, Advanced Cancer, Advanced Cancers, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06001749\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 394, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: protocol for an open-label pilot study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant obsessive compulsive disorder protocol for an open label pilot study", "authors": "Nicole Ledwos, Jenna Baer, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, Daniel M. Blumberger, Rachel Patterson, Elizabeth Hollingdrake, Ezmond S.L. Cheung, Colin Hawco, Christoph Zrenner, Brigitte Zrenner, Jamie D. Feusner, Susan L. Rossell, David Castle, Gwyneth Zai", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental disorder commonly treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, atypical antipsychotic augmentation and cognitive-behavioural therapy. However, up to 60% of people with OCD do not respond to these treatments. Therefore, a novel intervention, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), is an option of interest. Moreover, there is a need to better understand the mechanisms underpinning PAP's effect on OCD symptoms. AIMS: We aimed to (a) establish the feasibility, tolerability and safety of administering PAP to adults with treatment-resistant OCD; (b) provide preliminary data on the clinical effects of PAP for treatment-resistant OCD, to inform the design of larger clinical trials; and (c) compare neuroimaging and neurophysiological markers pre- and post-PAP in treatment-resistant OCD. METHOD: In this 12-week open-label trial, ten adults with treatment-resistant OCD will receive one 25 mg dose of psilocybin combined with psychological support. Feasibility, tolerability and safety will be assessed throughout. Clinical outcomes will be measured with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Exploratory measures will include brain imaging examining changes in dynamic connectivity from pre to post treatment, electroencephalogram to investigate changes in brain dynamics associated with psilocybin under acute conditions, and transcranial magnetic stimulation-electroencephalogram measures between baseline, provocation of OCD symptoms and up to 1-week post-dose. RESULTS: The study will provide important preliminary data on the feasibility and efficacy of PAP in adults with treatment-resistant OCD, as well as inform our understanding of neurobiological mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the study will inform the design of larger randomised controlled trials and advance the field of psychedelic-assisted therapies.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2025-12-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2025.10895", "pubmed_id": "41392767", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10895", "keywords": "Protocol (science), Psychotherapist, Psychology, Pilot trial, Field (mathematics), Research design, Medicine, Intervention (counseling), Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Data collection, Applied psychology, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417362478\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417362478\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W122113993\",\"https://openalex.org/W200847362\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991771535\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008066608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086030840\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087854982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092586569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100202859\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113226993\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122126648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123722617\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129340715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149025975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2306891185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596797494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788732613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890759366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938471378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984198212\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110345791\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134642859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308485018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310735641\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390586775\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404286681\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407181198\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051154946\",\"display_name\":\"Nicole Ledwos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-3313\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066478925\",\"display_name\":\"Jenna Baer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078217449\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-5750\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003880874\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel M. Blumberger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-5818\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080940430\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Patterson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0131-4178\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054311601\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Hollingdrake\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033889902\",\"display_name\":\"Ezmond S.L. Cheung\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7546-0817\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087321752\",\"display_name\":\"Colin Hawco\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3156-4119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070264725\",\"display_name\":\"Christoph Zrenner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-6923\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017656175\",\"display_name\":\"Brigitte Zrenner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040702751\",\"display_name\":\"Jamie D. Feusner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0391-345X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073606057\",\"display_name\":\"Susan L. Rossell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-8252\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052884442\",\"display_name\":\"David Castle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-1580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104046382\",\"display_name\":\"Gwyneth Zai\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10895\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "OCD,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417362478" }, { "id": 4203, "title": "COMPARATIVE EFFICACY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF PSILOCYBIN-KETAMINE AND TYPICAL ANTIDEPRESSANTS FOR MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER MANAGEMENT: A NETWORK META-ANALYSIS", "normalized_title": "comparative efficacy and acceptability of psilocybin ketamine and typical antidepressants for major depressive disorder management a network meta analysis", "authors": "Pedro Rodrigues, Weliton Rodrigues dos Santos Júnior, Ivan de Sousa Araújo, Leonardo Maia Leony, Fernanda Adélia Almeida Custódio Pires Gomes, Tairone Matos de Lima Junior, Luís Felipe Freitas Moreira, Rafael Telles Santana, Manoel Carlos Matos Santos, R. Silva", "abstract": "Objective: To compare acceptability and effectiveness of psilocybin, ketamine and commonly prescribed antidepressants in the management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Methods: This is a systematic review with network meta-analysis. The survey was conducted between January and June 2023, employing MEDLINE, PsyINFO, Embase, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. Randomized controlled clinical trials involving escitalopram, bupropion, paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine, ketamine or psilocybin in MDD were included. We analyzed effectiveness and acceptability of medications through depressive symptom scores and proportion of patients who dropped out, respectively. Results: 5845 documents were identified, of which 149 were reviewed. In terms of efficacy, all antidepressants were more effective than placebo, with psilocybin and ketamine achieving a lower depressive symptom score and suicide ideation. Regarding acceptability, the placebo obtained significantly better results than evaluated drugs. Psilocybin had the highest surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) score among the interventions with 100 and 86.96 for efficacy and acceptability followed to ketamine with 86.83 and 84.56, respectively. Conclusions: Psilocybin and ketamine have been shown to be superior to all other interventions with regard to efficacy and acceptability, including the treatment-refractory MDD. Thus, the results seem to show in this study that the psilocybin e ketamine can serve for better decision-making by physicians in the therapeutic management of MDD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.55905/edicon.978-65-83115-47-8_8", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.55905/edicon.978-65-83115-47-8_8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Ketamine, Major depressive disorder, Psychological intervention, Medicine, Suicidal ideation, Psychiatry, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Clinical psychology, Meta-analysis, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Psychology, MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Fluoxetine, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Treatment of Major Depression, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417258517\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417258517\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101439518\",\"display_name\":\"Pedro Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6955-8868\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120777830\",\"display_name\":\"Weliton Rodrigues dos Santos Júnior\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001946586\",\"display_name\":\"Ivan de Sousa Araújo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015769888\",\"display_name\":\"Leonardo Maia Leony\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-8332\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Fernanda Adélia Almeida Custódio Pires Gomes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Tairone Matos de Lima Junior\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Luís Felipe Freitas Moreira\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Rafael Telles Santana\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Manoel Carlos Matos Santos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024217341\",\"display_name\":\"R. Silva\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-1723\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.55905/edicon.978-65-83115-47-8_8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417258517" }, { "id": 3048, "title": "Real-World Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: a Retrospective Observational Study", "normalized_title": "real world psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression a retrospective observational study", "authors": "Jungwirth J, Westenhöfer S, Aicher H, Provaznikova B, Kronenberg G, Seifritz E, Prinz S, Olbrich S.", "abstract": "Abstract Psilocybin has demonstrated promising antidepressant effects in depression and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in controlled clinical trials. However, its effectiveness and safety in real-world therapeutic settings remain largely unknown. Although psilocybin is not yet approved as an antidepressant treatment, Switzerland’s unique legal framework allows its limited medical use for TRD. We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records from 19 TRD patients treated with psilocybin (20-35mg) across one to four dosing sessions at the Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich. Depression severity was assessed using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI). Changes from baseline to interim and post-treatment were analyzed, including response, remission, and the reliable change index. MADRS scores significantly decreased from baseline ( M = 30.78) to post-treatment ( M = 19.89), with a large effect size (Hedges’ g = 1.37, p", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2025-12-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8079137/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8079137/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1132641\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 399, "title": "Acute and post-dosing effects of single-dose psilocybin for obsessive-compulsive disorder in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: an interpretative phenomenological analysis", "normalized_title": "acute and post dosing effects of single dose psilocybin for obsessive compulsive disorder in a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial an interpretative phenomenological analysis", "authors": "T. H. W. Ching, B. Stahnke, S. Shnayder, G. Agin-Liebes, T. G. Adams, L. Amoroso, O. Baiz, A. Belser, C. Bohner, M. Burke, E. D’Amico, G. DePalmer, J. Eilbott, G. Fram, R. Grazioplene, J. Hokanson, A. Jankovsky, S. A. Kichuk, B. Martins, P. Purohit, H. Schaer, Y. P. Sierra, C. Witherow, C. Pittenger, B. Kelmendi", "abstract": "Introduction: The subjective effects of psilocybin on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are under-explored. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative study of participant experiences from the first randomized placebo-controlled trial of single-dose psilocybin combined with unstructured and non-directive support for individuals with treatment-refractory OCD. Our research explored how participants experienced acute and post-dosing effects, the interrelationships between these effects, and participants' perspectives on therapeutic change. Materials and methods: We conducted qualitative interviews with 12 participants approximately one month after psilocybin dosing; (six who received psilocybin in the initial randomized placebo-controlled phase, six who received open-label psilocybin following unblinding). We analyzed interview transcripts via interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and engaged in consensus decision-making to arrive at 100% intercoder agreement in the process of abstracting codes into higher-order themes. Results: Four major themes (and several subthemes) emerged from our analysis: 1) Influences on Psilocybin Experience (i.e., Set, Setting); 2) Acute Effects (i.e., Acute perceptual effects, Acute [meta]cognitive effects, Acute emotional effects, Acute impact of OCD, Other acute effects); 3) Post-Dosing Changes in OCD (i.e., Post-dosing changes in symptoms, Post-dosing changes in perceptions of OCD); as well as 4) Post-Dosing Changes Beyond OCD Symptoms (i.e., Post-dosing [meta]cognitive changes, Other post-dosing changes). Meaningful interrelationships among codes, subthemes, and themes were the norm. Discussion: Our findings highlight the moderate to strong influences of set and setting in the nature and trajectory of participants' psilocybin experiences. We also uncovered acute, synergistic visual/perceptual, emotional/psychological, and physiological/somatic effects that map onto those commonly reported in prior psilocybin trials for other closely related indications. However, these acute effects tended to occur at lower intensities (i.e., 'partial' experiences) potentially due to acute interference by OCD symptoms. Certain acute and post-dosing (meta)cognitive and behavioral effects also map onto putative mechanisms of action in evidence-based psychotherapy for OCD (e.g., exposure and response prevention [ERP] and acceptance and commitment therapy [ACT]). These findings yielded hypotheses for future investigation, and point toward potential integration of psilocybin with structured psychotherapy approaches for OCD.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-12-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1726818", "pubmed_id": "41450831", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1726818", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Set (abstract data type), Clinical psychology, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Action (physics), Obsessive compulsive, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Cognitive psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7113899315\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7113899315\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W568533716\",\"https://openalex.org/W745035260\",\"https://openalex.org/W1599004146\",\"https://openalex.org/W1790886046\",\"https://openalex.org/W1897149844\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974043834\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979776141\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006001020\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006748124\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011329819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018629660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067271431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069223284\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079984335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084244487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092882634\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100861230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109490115\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114570941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123822033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145083290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150547685\",\"https://openalex.org/W2401253652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589082317\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2755332345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792098230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792256936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808880627\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2963934185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985188679\",\"https://openalex.org/W3017567603\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129125412\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138390800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139885204\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158498065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160204279\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166459008\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205710798\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210982168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220874144\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224296821\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225147571\",\"https://openalex.org/W4235891541\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313280010\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327814238\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362522195\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362623650\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384665247\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385954214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387357883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388851214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390542756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390674606\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390753253\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406326126\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406959828\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"T. H. W. Ching\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"B. Stahnke\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"S. Shnayder\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"G. Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"T. G. Adams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"L. Amoroso\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"O. Baiz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"A. Belser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"C. Bohner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"M. Burke\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"E. D’Amico\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"G. DePalmer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"J. Eilbott\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"G. Fram\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"R. Grazioplene\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"J. Hokanson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"A. Jankovsky\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"S. A. Kichuk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"B. Martins\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"P. Purohit\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"H. Schaer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Y. P. Sierra\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"C. Witherow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"C. Pittenger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"B. Kelmendi\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1726818\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "OCD,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7113899315" }, { "id": 3040, "title": "Psilocybin in Alcohol Use Disorder Maintains Abstinence Efficacy: A Scoping Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in alcohol use disorder maintains abstinence efficacy a scoping review", "authors": "Suspène J, Huet S, Berteina-Raboin S, Benyamina A, Baril P, Morisset-Lopez S, Serreau R.", "abstract": "Alcohol use disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by excessive alcohol consumption. The drugs that are used to treat it often fail to prevent relapse. At the same time, psilocybin is increasingly being investigated for the treatment of various substance use disorders. This review aims to evaluate the results of the most recent clinical trials assessing psilocybin as a treatment for alcohol use disorder. According to these trials, psilocybin seems to reduce craving but its effect on overall alcohol consumption is less clear. There is no doubt that future trials would benefit from larger sample sizes and standardized tests.", "journal": "Qeios", "publication_date": "2025-12-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.32388/xcfsag.2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.32388/xcfsag.2", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1132205\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Qeios\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 354, "title": "Psilocybin in late-life mental health: Addressing depression, loneliness, and existential anxiety", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in late life mental health addressing depression loneliness and existential anxiety", "authors": "Gerasimos Konstantinou, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Sarah Hales, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, Daniel M. Blumberger", "abstract": "The global demographic shift toward aging populations has intensified the need for innovative therapeutic interventions targeting late-life mental health conditions, notably depression, loneliness, and existential distress. Traditional pharmacological treatments often exhibit limited efficacy and poor tolerability in older patients, primarily due to age-related physiological changes and the challenges associated with polypharmacy. Recently, psychedelic-assisted therapy, particularly psilocybin, has gained attention for its potential antidepressant and psychological benefits. This comprehensive review critically evaluates the current evidence supporting psilocybin's effectiveness in older populations and elucidates its neurobiological mechanisms, including serotonergic modulation, enhanced neuroplasticity, and the disruption of maladaptive default mode network activity. Clinical trials in general adult samples demonstrate sustained improvements in depressive symptoms, existential anxiety, and social connectedness following psilocybin administration, suggesting its distinct therapeutic potential beyond conventional treatments. However, geriatric populations are underrepresented in psychedelic research, creating significant knowledge gaps regarding dosing, safety profiles, and long-term outcomes. Pharmacokinetic complexities, cardiovascular risks, and drug interactions necessitate age-specific therapeutic protocols. Ethical considerations, including the complexities of informed consent in cases of cognitive impairment, further underscore the importance of tailored approaches. Future directions must prioritize dedicated geriatric studies that incorporate rigorous safety assessments and integrate findings into existing geriatric care frameworks to fully assess the potential of psilocybin for enhancing late-life mental health and quality of life.", "journal": "General Hospital Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-12-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.12.005", "pubmed_id": "41401486", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.12.005", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychological intervention, Psychology, Anxiety, Mental health, Tolerability, Cognition, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Antidepressant, Informed consent, Medicine, Clinical trial, MEDLINE, Mental illness, Polypharmacy, Depression (economics), Social connectedness, Quality of life (healthcare), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417166023\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417166023\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1531988994\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975380080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007816489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047342826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053580809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054169331\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055862036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088140721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108129761\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111553780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122879540\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127005038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131764590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312396951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2335478514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2518041136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2586877732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2609801503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2736123236\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901739937\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952447426\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998525361\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021136383\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080361799\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159481221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207449839\",\"https://openalex.org/W3217718387\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200455094\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282931386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283524493\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294723946\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296373810\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306663560\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306913343\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308768859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309494777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323656393\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365141030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384664606\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385542937\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893679\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390988530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391115210\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391824403\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391841842\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391959916\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391967348\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392004581\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392049752\",\"https://openalex.org/W4397049758\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401920066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405510726\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406599518\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407642838\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408049629\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410119026\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410795265\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051147741\",\"display_name\":\"Gerasimos Konstantinou\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-1633\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060578045\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Hales\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-8124\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078217449\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-5750\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108125787\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel M. Blumberger\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S45708651\",\"source_display_name\":\"General Hospital Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.12.005\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417166023" }, { "id": 256, "title": "The Relationship Between Participant Pretreatment Clinical Presentation and the Quality of Psilocybin Experience", "normalized_title": "the relationship between participant pretreatment clinical presentation and the quality of psilocybin experience", "authors": "Namik Kirlić, Merve Atli, Sunil Mistry, Michael Gold, Guy M. Goodwin", "abstract": "PURPOSE/BACKGROUND: The therapeutic effects of psilocybin treatment are thought to be influenced by the subjective dose-dependent psychedelic experience, as well as the individual participant's mindset and the treatment environment. However, the relative contribution of an individual's pretreatment clinical characteristics and their subjective psychedelic experience remains unclear. We examined the relationship between pretreatment participant factors and the acute effects of COMP360 psilocybin. METHODS/PROCEDURES: Participants (N=233) with treatment-resistant depression received a single dose of 25, 10, or 1 mg of COMP360 psilocybin (a synthesized, pharmaceutical-grade, proprietary formulation of psilocybin, developed by the sponsor, Compass Pathfinder Ltd., a subsidiary of Compass Pathways plc: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03775200). The psychedelic experience was assessed by the Five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness questionnaire (5D-ASC) and Emotional Breakthrough Inventory (EBI). We used hierarchical regression to measure the relative contribution of pretreatment clinical characteristics (along the cognitive-affective, somatic, and functional impairment domains) in addition to the drug dose to the subjective psychedelic experience. FINDINGS/RESULTS: Dose was the strongest and most consistent predictor of the psychedelic experience. Some pretreatment characteristics contributed weakly to subjective experiences. Positive affect, lower generalized anxiety symptoms, higher executive functioning, and greater personality disorder symptoms had significant effects on different aspects of the subjective psychedelic experience. IMPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: These findings challenge the assumption that pretreatment characteristics are major determinants of the acute psychedelic experience. While some traits may modestly modulate aspects of the experience, dose remains the largest driver.", "journal": "Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-12-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1097/jcp.0000000000002119", "pubmed_id": "41362124", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000002119", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Presentation (obstetrics), Medicine, Quality (philosophy), Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Quality of life (healthcare), Clinical trial, Physical therapy, Patient experience, Participant observation, Intensive care medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417148678\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417148678\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986127454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007445014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099917845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108984307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166934228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594757562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994058197\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387389328\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408072192\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078220787\",\"display_name\":\"Namik Kirlić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-8774\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058910594\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Gold\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4410-1669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S76849566\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000002119\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417148678" }, { "id": 296, "title": "Disengaged: A systematic review of community engagement in psychedelic-assisted therapy research.", "normalized_title": "disengaged a systematic review of community engagement in psychedelic assisted therapy research", "authors": "Reid MR, Song J, Boehnke KF, Buchanan NT, Aday JS.", "abstract": "People of color have been significantly underincluded in psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) research, despite facing challenges commonly addressed in PAT and often more severe symptoms. It may be the case that people of color are underincluded because PAT researchers have not used approaches designed to promote sample diversity. Community-engaged research (CEnR) is a research paradigm that has demonstrated success in promoting participant diversity. We hypothesize that the absence of CEnR in psychedelic science may be a contributing factor to the lack of diversity in psychedelic studies. To examine the prevalence of CEnR practices in PAT research, we conducted a systematic review of the past 10 years of psilocybin, MDMA, and LSD clinical trials in the United States. We reviewed each study (N = 27) to assess whether researchers incorporated CEnR using the Continuum of Community Engagement and reached out to each individual study team to ensure comprehensiveness. Our analysis revealed that only 3/27 (11.11 %) studies incorporated CEnR. In the rare instances CEnR was integrated, PAT researchers used community consultation, which involves relatively little engagement with community members. To improve representation in PAT trials, we recommending incorporating the CEnR principles of 1) mapping and engaging local stakeholders, 2) leveraging existing university-hospital infrastructures, 3) co-designing research and outreach initiatives, 4) securing dedicated CEnR resources, and 5) establishing mechanisms for ongoing evaluation. This systematic review supports that there has been a paucity of community-engaged practices in PAT research, which can be addressed by incorporating our recommendations for implementing CEnR in PAT studies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106516", "pubmed_id": "41365426", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106516", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Community-Based Participatory Research, Community Participation, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41365426\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3513, "title": "A Phase 2b, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Study of the Effects of Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy on Psychiatric and Existential Distress in Advanced Cancer", "normalized_title": "a phase 2b randomized double blind placebo controlled multi center study of the effects of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy on psychiatric and existential distress in advanced cancer", "authors": "NYU Langone Health", "abstract": "The purpose of this research is to study the safety and effects of single-dose psilocybin 25mg versus an active placebo (single dose niacin 100mg) in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and existential distress (i.e., loss of meaning and hope; fear of death) in advanced cancer (i.e., stage 3 or 4). Study medications will be administered in conjunction with brief psychotherapy that is designed to treat anxiety, depression and existential distress in advanced cancer. This trial is designed to evaluate efficacy and psychological mechanisms of single-dose psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) to treat psychiatric (anxiety, depression) and existential distress (demoralization, death anxiety), and quality-of-life (QOL), in 200 outpatients with late-stage or advanced cancer. The study will assess the strength and durability of therapeutic effects in a double-blind, parallel-design, placebo-controlled, two-center RCT comparing a single 25mg oral 'high' dose of psilocybin to a single 100mg dose of niacin (active placebo), both delivered in conjunction with a psychotherapy platform.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05398484", "keywords": "Advanced Cancer, Psilocybin 25 mgs, Niacin 100mg, Psychotherapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05398484\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\",\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4212, "title": "Magic Mushrooms as Medicine: What the United States Can Learn from Jamaica’s Unregulated Psilocybin Industry as FDA Approval Nears", "normalized_title": "magic mushrooms as medicine what the united states can learn from jamaica s unregulated psilocybin industry as fda approval nears", "authors": "Spohn, Kyle", "abstract": "In 1970, Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act and swiftly placed psilocybin (the active chemical in “magic mushrooms”) under Schedule I-the strictest level of regulation withheld for substances with “no currently accepted medical use.” While the United States has maintained this rigid framework, Jamaica has taken the opposite approach. Psilocybin was never listed under Jamaica’s Dangerous Drugs Act, and remains unregulated. In recent decades, research has shown that psilocybin, when administered in controlled settings, can effectively treat depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions. In response, the Jamaican government has not only preserved psilocybin’s legality but has encouraged research and industry development. Today, as the United States faces a mental health crisis, pharmaceutical companies are in the final stages of FDA clinical trials for psilocybin-based treatments targeting major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. If approved, this medical recognition would compel federal rescheduling and the creation of a novel American regulatory framework for psilocybin therapy. In light of potential deregulation, this Note examines the Jamaican model as a case study, where psilocybin’s legal status has fostered both innovation and inequity. The country’s “shroom boom” has advanced psychiatric research and generated economic growth, but the absence of regulation has also led to safety risks and limited access for locals. Drawing lessons from Jamaica, this Note proposes a dual-policy framework under the Controlled Substances Act. FDA-approved psilocybin formulations should be placed in Schedule III to maximize accessibility in supervised clinical settings, while natural, non-pharmaceutical psilocybin should be rescheduled to Schedule II to promote continued research under controlled conditions. This balanced framework emphasizes safety, accessibility, and scientific research, allowing psilocybin to develop into a transformative tool in American mental health treatment.", "journal": "eYLS (Yale Law School)", "publication_date": "2025-12-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://repository.law.miami.edu/umialr/vol57/iss1/7", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Government (linguistics), Principle of legality, Political science, Schedule, Pharmaceutical industry, Business, Public administration, Public relations, Psychiatry, Law, Clinical trial, Medicine, Mental health, Criminology, Food and drug administration, Engineering, Health care, Government regulation, Altered state, Drug approval, Federal law, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7112471464\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7112471464\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Spohn, Kyle\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401049\",\"source_display_name\":\"eYLS (Yale Law School)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://repository.law.miami.edu/umialr/vol57/iss1/7\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7112471464" }, { "id": 4215, "title": "Meaning and Purpose Therapy Modified for Psilocybin (P-MaP): A Treatment Model for Palliative Care Patients", "normalized_title": "meaning and purpose therapy modified for psilocybin p map a treatment model for palliative care patients", "authors": "Philip Garrity, Alicia Danforth, Brian Anderson, Jason M. Thompson", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Health Service Psychology", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s42843-025-00145-3", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s42843-025-00145-3", "keywords": "Meaning (existential), Psychotherapist, Psychosocial, Psilocybin, Palliative care, Vignette, Psychology, Modalities, Medicine, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Interpretation (philosophy), Clinical Practice, Clinical psychology, Nursing, Therapeutic relationship, MEDLINE, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118121099\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118121099\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W74705120\",\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989881423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000720463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009478966\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053764826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063166841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088233931\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113881137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118158985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134667120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166934228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2625982844\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809775049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889699231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890770862\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906933919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2908344762\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006011805\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049128253\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3181055060\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200677515\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200021929\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220855512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220907466\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378782231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386740988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389348826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390495773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392498741\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406306242\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410309291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410860688\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412902872\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015795242\",\"display_name\":\"Philip Garrity\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4118-2739\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051293419\",\"display_name\":\"Alicia Danforth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-046X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121897986\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Anderson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121908431\",\"display_name\":\"Jason M. Thompson\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210217120\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Health Service Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42843-025-00145-3\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118121099" }, { "id": 401, "title": "Investigational psilocybin treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder: a qualitative study of participant experience, trauma engagement, and differences from standard treatment", "normalized_title": "investigational psilocybin treatment for post traumatic stress disorder a qualitative study of participant experience trauma engagement and differences from standard treatment", "authors": "Nadav Liam Modlin, Victoria Williamson, Guy M. Goodwin, Ekaterina Malievskaia, Merve Atli, Zsofia Elek, Alice Gaillard, Don Koelpin, Anthony J. Cleare, Manish Agrawal, Rachel Yehuda, Namik Kirlić, James Rucker", "abstract": "Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition leading to significant personal and societal burden. Standard treatments frequently demonstrate limited efficacy, leading to persistent symptoms and high dropout rates. Psilocybin has shown promise in treating depression, a condition that is often comorbid with PTSD. We aimed to explore participant experiences of psilocybin treatment for PTSD, emphasising the role of monitoring and support for safety, direct and indirect engagement with trauma-related material during psilocybin treatment, and differences between psilocybin and standard treatments. Methods: This qualitative study was nested within a quantitative, open-label phase 2 trial assessing the safety and tolerability of COMP360 psilocybin in adults with PTSD. Eligible participants were adults (18 years or older) who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for PTSD secondary to a traumatic event experienced in adulthood. Recruitment was conducted at three sites across two countries: two in the United States and one in the United Kingdom. Enrolled participants underwent standardised preparation, a single psilocybin administration session, and follow-up integration sessions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted before, the day after, and 12 weeks post-treatment. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, which is a distinct and theoretically grounded approach to co-construction of recurring themes pertaining to participants' preparedness for treatment, how participants' index trauma presented during treatment, and how psilocybin compared to standard treatments. The quantitative phase 2 trial, which the present qualitative study is nested within, is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05312151. Findings: Between June 10, 2022, and Feb 12, 2024, 21 participants were enrolled and participated in this qualitative sub-study and completed the in-person qualitative interviews. The analysis revealed four core themes: (1) non-pharmacological factors for psychological safety and trust, (2) the experiential nature of psilocybin treatment, (3) engagement with trauma-related material during psilocybin treatment, and (4) comparative reflections on prior therapies and psilocybin treatment. Emphasising safety, treatment education, and informed consent, the treatment facilitated an experience of both direct and indirect engagement with trauma-related material during psilocybin treatment. Unlike standard treatments requiring direct confrontation with trauma memories, psilocybin appears to enable a broader, indirect engagement with traumatic material via a range of affective, somatic and self-transcendent experiences (e.g., moments of perceived unity, dissolution of self, or felt connection with a larger whole). Interpretation:. Funding: Compass Pathways, plc.", "journal": "EClinicalMedicine", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103692", "pubmed_id": "41497513", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103692", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Qualitative research, Psychiatry, Traumatic stress, Clinical psychology, Stress (linguistics), MEDLINE, Compass, Physical therapy, Psychotherapist, Investigational Drugs, Clinical trial, Posttraumatic stress, Acute Stress Disorder, Qualitative analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417031290\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417031290\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1534577973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022085232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124556602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127046953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152676810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170803554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2305278139\",\"https://openalex.org/W2509310219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598895258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892153793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899448494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904943889\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3034423620\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048560297\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095098358\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125332567\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195596087\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200528712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224257950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229058059\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317478735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367835241\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187376\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386740988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390730351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391053730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693273\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037169539\",\"display_name\":\"Nadav Liam Modlin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048557173\",\"display_name\":\"Victoria Williamson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-9856\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120688796\",\"display_name\":\"Zsofia Elek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Alice Gaillard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115738022\",\"display_name\":\"Don Koelpin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088467690\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony J. Cleare\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6990-939X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088026153\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Yehuda\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-677X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078220787\",\"display_name\":\"Namik Kirlić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-8774\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898347799\",\"source_display_name\":\"EClinicalMedicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103692\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417031290" }, { "id": 3681, "title": "Assessing the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Psilocybin Therapy Followed by Accelerated Intermittent Theta Burst (aiTBS) Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "assessing the safety tolerability and efficacy of psilocybin therapy followed by accelerated intermittent theta burst aitbs repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rtms for treatment resistant major depressive disorder", "authors": "University of Texas at Austin", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and feasibility of sequencing psilocybin therapy with a short-duration, aiTBS protocol (Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy, or SAINT) in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. This will be a phase II 2x2 design (device and dose) clinical trial. 100 participants, ages 22-76, with treatment-resistant MDD will be randomized to treatment with either: a) 25mg of COMP360 (N=50); or b) 1mg of COMP360 (low-dose comparator; N=50) with appropriate psychological preparation, support, and integration sessions with trained therapists. This will then be directly followed by one of two subsequent treatment conditions: i) the active accelerated intermittent theta burst (aiTBS) rTMS treatment known as Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) and/or Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT) targeted to a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) functional connectivity-guided personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex target using neuronavigation and delivered over 10 sessions daily for 5 consecutive days at 90% of coil-to-target depth-corrected resting motor threshold50,51; or ii) sham iTBS delivered in the same fashion. Individuals will undergo screening, a baseline clinical assessment and neurobiological assessment of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. Individuals will then return on a subsequent day to begin the course of psilocybin therapy. Preparation sessions will occur on the first two out of five days (\\~1.5-2 hrs each day), psilocybin dosing will occur on the third day (\\~6-8 hours), integration session (\\~1 hour) and post-dosing assessments will occur on the fourth day, and a final integration session (\\~1 hour) and post-psilocybin clinical and neurobiological assessments will occur on the last of the five days. The following week, the individual will return to the lab to begin the course of active or sham SNT, for 10 hrs. a day (10 min once per 60 min, 50-minute inter-session interval, repeated 10 times daily) for 5 days. This is the protocol now FDA-cleared for treatment of treatment-resistant MDD, known as Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy and commercialized by Magnus Medical (see support letter from Magus Medical). In the third week, the individual will return to complete post-SNT clinical assessments and to complete a post-SNT neurobiological (fMRI and EEG) assessment. Individuals will complete long-term follow-up clinical assessments at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months post-initiation of first treatment (psilocybin administration) to assess durability of clinical response and identify potential points of depression relapse over a sustained period of time. Aims: To determine the safety and feasibility of sequencing psilocybin therapy with a short-duration, aiTBS protocol (Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy, or SAINT) in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. To determine if the combination of psilocybin therapy followed by SAINT demonstrates superior efficacy relative to either treatment alone acutely (primary acute endpoint will be \\~14 days after the initiation of the treatment sequence) and over time (additional endpoints at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months following cessation of the treatment protocol). To determine the neurobiological changes following the combination treatment (assessment points at baseline, 2 days post-psilocybin, and \\~14 days post-psilocybin/2-4 days post cessation of accelerated theta burst), and if the magnitude or nature of such changes are different from those demonstrated in either treatment alone. Investigate how psychedelic treatment may impact blood biomarkers of inflammation (e.g., inflammatory cytokines) and how select functional genetic polymorphisms may moderate the effect of the psychedelic treatment on subsequent functional brain changes.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06132178", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, MDD, Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent Depression, Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, Accelerated intermittent theta burst (aiTBS) rTMS treatment, Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT), Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT), Low-dose psilocybin, low-dose COMP360, Sham Accelerated intermittent theta burst (aiTBS) rTMS treatment, Sham Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT), Sham Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06132178\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 421, "title": "A comparative assessment of the antidepressant efficacy of ketamine, psilocybin, and fluoxetine in a chronic stress model", "normalized_title": "a comparative assessment of the antidepressant efficacy of ketamine psilocybin and fluoxetine in a chronic stress model", "authors": "Małgorzata Domżalska, Joanna Kwiatkowska, Iwona Cichoń, Ewa Sokołowska", "abstract": "Depression is a debilitating mental disorder affecting millions worldwide, yet current pharmacological treatments, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), often exhibit delayed onset and limited efficacy. The chronic social defeat (CSD) stress model in mice is a well-established preclinical paradigm for inducing depression-like behaviors and evaluating antidepressants effectiveness. This study compared the efficacy of both acute and chronic fluoxetine with acute ketamine and psilocybin treatment in male C57BL/6J mice subjected to CSD. Fluoxetine showed no significant effects 24 h after a single dose or following 7 days of repeated administration; antidepressant-like effects only appeared after 14 days of continuous treatment. In contrast, a single dose of either ketamine or psilocybin significantly reversed social avoidance behavior at 24 h, with sustained effects observed at 7- and 14-days post-treatment. These findings suggest that ketamine and psilocybin elicit rapid and durable, antidepressant-like responses in this preclinical model, in contrast to traditional SSRIs, like fluoxetine, which requires extended treatment duration, mirroring clinical efficacy patterns. The results support the utility of the CSD model in evaluating antidepressant efficacy and highlight the therapeutic potential of fast-acting agents such as ketamine and psilocybin as alternatives to conventional treatments for major depressive disorder.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2025-11-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-29642-7", "pubmed_id": "41290975", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29642-7", "keywords": "Fluoxetine, Antidepressant, Ketamine, Psilocybin, Medicine, Pharmacology, Major depressive disorder, Chronic stress, Depression (economics), Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Paroxetine, Reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin, Psychology, Tricyclic antidepressant, Clinical trial, Imipramine, Therapeutic effect, Clinical efficacy, Social defeat, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Anesthesia, Citalopram, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Treatment of Major Depression, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416669801\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416669801\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1977593923\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979987032\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982655221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027572751\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032739515\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043170894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064113443\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080778633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091363925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108057532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111038577\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150543200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163250198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192342554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2283292195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767883333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768864850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2779386549\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790275773\",\"https://openalex.org/W2968485363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970044050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210972564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236400491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313584301\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386003650\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387763730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389371178\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391967348\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400695812\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035092566\",\"display_name\":\"Małgorzata Domżalska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5665-0051\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033610517\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Kwiatkowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-0087\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016287512\",\"display_name\":\"Iwona Cichoń\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6892-5454\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059869150\",\"display_name\":\"Ewa Sokołowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8637-7906\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29642-7\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416669801" }, { "id": 297, "title": "New treatments for OCD? Evidence for cannabinoids and psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "new treatments for ocd evidence for cannabinoids and psychedelics", "authors": "Van Ameringen M, Patel V, Patterson B, Hopkinson P, Rahat M.", "abstract": "The etiology of OCD is complex and appears to involve multiple biological pathways. Imbalances in central serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate activities are widely thought to play a causative role. Despite strong evidence supporting first-line OCD pharmacotherapies, approximately 40-60 % of OCD patients remain unresponsive and are considered treatment resistant (TR). Although a range of agents have been examined in TR-OCD, there is no gold-standard, indicating a need to broaden our clinical armamentarium. Cannabis has been used for centuries in many cultures for both medicinal and recreational purposes. Clinical interest in these agents has recently re-emerged. The current evidence for the use of cannabinoids in OCD is very small and includes survey-based, self-report studies with very few controlled trials. Additionally, after a long hiatus from psychiatric research, psychedelics have re-emerged as agents of interest within the past decade. A comprehensive scoping review of the OCD literature including published and grey literature was conducted and detailed in this paper. The current evidence associated with Cannabinoids, Psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (N,N-DMT), and Methylenedioxyphenethylamine (MDMA) in the treatment of OCD is detailed. Much of the current evidence examining cannabinoids and psychedelics in OCD is from cross-sectional surveys and case reports, as well as some small clinical trials. There is a shortage of well-controlled, methodologically rigorous RCTs to properly test the efficacy of cannabinoids or psychedelics in OCD and related disorders. However, the current evidence appears to indicate a lack of evidence supporting the use of either synthetic or natural cannabinoids to treat OCD, but a stronger signal for the use of psilocybin in TR-OCD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-11-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.11.021", "pubmed_id": "41317726", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.11.021", "keywords": "Humans, Cannabinoids, Hallucinogens, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41317726\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Case Report,Observational Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3700, "title": "Pragmatic Trial of Psilocybin Therapy in Palliative Care (PT2PC): A Multicenter Triple-blind Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial of Psilocybin Therapy for Demoralized Adults Near the End of Life", "normalized_title": "pragmatic trial of psilocybin therapy in palliative care pt2pc a multicenter triple blind phase 2 randomized controlled trial of psilocybin therapy for demoralized adults near the end of life", "authors": "Charles S. Grob, M.D.", "abstract": "This multicenter, triple-blind, phase 2, randomized controlled trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of psilocybin therapy compared to an active control in treating demoralization in adults near the end of life (≤2 years life expectancy). After providing written informed consent, participants deemed eligible for this trial will be randomized to a brief course of talk therapy plus 1 dose of oral psilocybin vs the same brief course of talk therapy plus 1 dose of oral ketamine (the active control). Participants' degree of demoralization and other clinical outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety) will be assessed at 1, 2, and 5 weeks after the study drug administration. After completing the study, participants will have the option of being told which study drug they took (aka, \"unblinded\"); those who were randomized to the active control will be offered another brief course of talk therapy plus 1 dose of oral psilocybin, and the same sequence of outcome assessments.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05403086", "keywords": "Demoralization, Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Ketamine, Ketalar, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05403086\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3042, "title": "Psilocybin in Alcohol Use Disorder Maintains Abstinence Efficacy: A Scoping Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in alcohol use disorder maintains abstinence efficacy a scoping review", "authors": "Suspène J, Huet S, Berteina-Raboin S, Benyamina A, Baril P, Morisset-Lopez S, Serreau R.", "abstract": "Alcohol use disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by excessive alcohol consumption. The drugs that are used to treat it often fail to prevent relapse. At the same time, psilocybin is increasingly being investigated for the treatment of various substance use disorder. This review aims to evaluate the results of the most recent clinical trials assessing psilocybin as a treatment for alcohol use disorder. According to these trials, psilocybin seems to reduce craving but its effect on overall alcohol consumption is less clear. There is no doubt that future trials would benefit from larger sample sizes and standardized tests.", "journal": "Qeios", "publication_date": "2025-11-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.32388/xcfsag", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.32388/xcfsag", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1124098\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Qeios\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 425, "title": "Psilocybin and Chronic Pain: A New Perspective for Future Pain Therapists?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and chronic pain a new perspective for future pain therapists", "authors": "Silvia Natoli, Arturo Cuomo, Maurizio Marchesini, Livio Luongo, Giuliano Lo Bianco, Vittorio Guardamagna, Shigeki Yamaguchi", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Chronic pain affects nearly one in five adults worldwide and remains a major healthcare burden due to its persistence, multidimensional impact, and resistance to conventional therapies. The opioid crisis has further highlighted the urgent need for safer and more effective alternatives. Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic compound, has re-emerged as a potential therapeutic option for chronic pain given its effects on neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and emotional regulation. METHODS: This narrative review synthesized evidence from published preclinical and clinical studies. The focus was on the mechanisms of action of psilocybin, animal models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain, and early human trials exploring its effects on pain, mood, and quality of life. RESULTS: Preclinical studies demonstrated that psilocybin promotes synaptogenesis via BDNF-TrkB signalling, modulates 5-HT2A receptor activity, and reduces neuroinflammatory processes, leading to persistent analgesic and anxiolytic effects. Animal models of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and inflammatory pain showed long-lasting antinociceptive responses. Clinical studies, though limited, reported improvements in depression, anxiety, resilience, and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer and chronic conditions, with preliminary evidence of analgesic benefit. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin shows promise as a multidimensional therapy for chronic pain, addressing both sensory and affective components. However, ethical issues, safety concerns, and regulatory barriers necessitate careful management, and robust randomized controlled trials are essential to confirm efficacy and guide clinical translation.", "journal": "Medical Sciences", "publication_date": "2025-11-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/medsci13040277", "pubmed_id": "41283278", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci13040277", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Perspective (graphical), Chronic pain, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Ethical issues, Hallucinogen, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Intensive care medicine, Pain relief, Depression (economics), Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416407616\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416407616\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1979233603\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988006913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005937053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024108603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038839611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046019936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099030247\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109309568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407074051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2426802935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473063847\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567578199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942136138\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944592785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948376596\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004772127\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160481424\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195427620\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196007322\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294804950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309832620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310465099\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361292040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365442769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378549583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382010877\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389891609\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390988530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392119029\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392660340\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393489617\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693273\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396229906\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399323719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400513312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400697733\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402529371\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402697828\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402825425\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403895310\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404843727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405021593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406845122\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408540649\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408581056\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408780815\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410735628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412764217\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414747399\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004648701\",\"display_name\":\"Silvia Natoli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3758-5375\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028425468\",\"display_name\":\"Arturo Cuomo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1165-6713\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018238229\",\"display_name\":\"Maurizio Marchesini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-9531\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052789598\",\"display_name\":\"Livio Luongo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1949-2039\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060128343\",\"display_name\":\"Giuliano Lo Bianco\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2705-1548\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027033047\",\"display_name\":\"Vittorio Guardamagna\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3554-8151\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108070065\",\"display_name\":\"Shigeki Yamaguchi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3850-2818\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2739445098\",\"source_display_name\":\"Medical Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci13040277\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Resilience,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416407616" }, { "id": 3548, "title": "A Double-blind, Phase II Feasibility Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin Microdosing Combined With Psychotherapy in Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "a double blind phase ii feasibility study to assess the safety and efficacy of psilocybin microdosing combined with psychotherapy in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Beersheva Mental Health Center", "abstract": "Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of a six-week microdosing regimen of psilocybin combined with short-term, experience-based psychotherapy in patients with treatment-resistant depression who have not responded to previous pharmacological or long-term psychological interventions. Hypothesis: Compared to baseline, the group that begins with psilocybin will exhibit a more rapid reduction in depressive symptoms after six weeks, compared to the group that begins with placebo and receives only psychotherapy. Following the crossover between conditions, the placebo-first group will also show an accelerated reduction in these measures after the subsequent six weeks. Alternative hypothesis: No difference will be observed between groups in the rate of symptom reduction. Objective: To examine biological markers that may mediate potential improvements in depressive symptoms among participants receiving psilocybin microdosing compared to placebo. Hypothesis: Compared to baseline, six weeks of active psilocybin dosing will result in decreased levels of cortisol and inflammatory markers, and increased levels of oxytocin and BDNF in saliva. Objective: To assess psychological factors that may mediate potential improvements in depressive symptoms among participants receiving psilocybin microdosing compared to placebo. Hypothesis: Compared to baseline, six weeks of active psilocybin dosing will lead to increased cognitive flexibility, greater self-compassion, and enhanced present-moment awareness. Objective: To explore a subpopulation of women experiencing premenstrual symptom exacerbation (PMS) and the potential for improvement in depressive symptoms in the days preceding menstruation, if any. Hypothesis: Among women with worsened premenstrual symptoms, psilocybin will reduce premenstrual symptoms, specifically depressive symptoms, compared to baseline.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07183748", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin (drug), Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07183748\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Biomarkers,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3454, "title": "Open Label, Phase 2 Study for Evaluating the Feasibility, Safety and Efficacy of Psychotherapy Assisted Psilocybin for Treatment of Severe Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in Drug and/or Psychotherapy Resistant Patients.", "normalized_title": "open label phase 2 study for evaluating the feasibility safety and efficacy of psychotherapy assisted psilocybin for treatment of severe obsessive compulsive disorder ocd in drug and or psychotherapy resistant patients", "authors": "Beersheva Mental Health Center", "abstract": "Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent distressing thoughts and substantial anxiety, accompanied by repetitive behaviors or mental rituals. Individuals with OCD often have diminished quality of life, and functional impairment. The disorder cause high personal, societal and economic costs. Current available treatments for OCD show moderate response rate and high rate of symptom relapse. The purpose of the current study is to explore new alternative options for the treatment of OCD that can widely and continuously benefit patients. Specifically, The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of psychotherapy assisted psilocybin for treatment of severe OCD. Previous research has shown safety of treatment and high efficacy in reduction of anxiety and depression symptoms. However, only one study has evaluated the use of psilocybin for OCD patients. The protocol includes 15 therapeutic sessions, of which 12 are one-hour sessions for psychological preparation and integration, and three are eight hours' experiential sessions under the influence of psilocybin. The research will include 15 participants diagnosed with severe OCD, with at least one treatment failure. Assessments will be based on comparing ratings of the main outcome measure (Y-BOCS), at baseline, at the middle and at end of treatment. Other assessments will include data on side effects- to evaluate safety, and possible spiritual variables underlying change in symptoms via standardized questionnaires. Background and research rationale: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent distressing thoughts and substantial anxiety, accompanied by repetitive behaviours or mental rituals performed to control or alleviate this anxiety. Individuals with OCD often have diminished quality of life, functional impairment, and cause substantial caregiver burden and personal and societal economic costs. Lifetime prevalence of OCD ranges between 1.9%-2.5%, with patients often not responding to the offered pharmacological or psychological treatment, and in extreme cases may even undergo neurosurgical interventions. There are several possible physiological mechanisms leading to the development of OCD, which may indicate several possible effective treatment options. Nowadays there is a consensus that the dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways are central to the development of the disorder with the basal ganglia as the main area of its origin. Other brain areas involved in OCD are the orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex which are connected to the basal ganglia and are involved in regulating attention and awareness. Abnormal activity between these areas and other subcortical areas might explain why normally unconscious information processing, becomes consciousness, and requires additional resources for its regulation. It has also been suggested that the aversive emotional activity (anxiety, fear, disgust) experienced in OCD, relates to hyperactivity in the amygdala. The momentary relief brought on by the compulsive behaviour forms a positive feedback which perpetuate the disorder. The gold standard of care for OCD today is a combination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Most patients will experience at least some symptomatic relief with these interventions; however, relapse of symptoms occur in 40%-60% of patients and around 25% of patients are unresponsive to treatment. Other existing treatments (either pharmacological or neurosurgical) possess a higher risk for serious side effects. It is important to note that even for those patients who are responsive to treatment there are still significant residual, impairing symptoms. It thus seems that there is a real and immediate need to explore new alternative options for the treatment of OCD that can widely and continuously benefit patients, with lower risk and fewer side effects. A new and promising prospect of treatment in mental health is the use of psychedelic substances, which interact with the serotonergic pathways and induce a powerful subjective experience with the potential for psychological transformation. Specifically, psilocybin has received attention in research as a promising alternative in the treatment of severe mental illness. Psilocybin is a prodrug which is quickly converted by the body to psilocin (4-OH-dimethyltryptamine), a 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist. Both psilocybin and psilocin, which have psychoactive properties, are naturally occurring in Psilocybe mushrooms and are structurally similar to the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin. As a direct 5-HT2A agonist, psilocybin has a unique therapeutic potential compared with other pharmacological treatment for OCD such as SSRIs. Animal studies have shown increased cognitive flexibility, associative learning, cortical plasticity, and anti-depressive effects in response to 5-HT2A activation. The first current clinical research with psilocybin examined the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of psychological distress in patients with terminal advanced-stage cancer. The double-blind, placebo-controlled research was conducted in the Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (Torrance, California). Researchers concluded that psilocybin is safe and well tolerated at 0.2 mg/kg dose. Following this research two different research groups, in Johns Hopkins University, and in New York University, have received FDA approval to administrate a higher dose of psilocybin in a similar clinical population. These trails have shown promising results for safety, psychological distress reduction, and significant improvement in anxiety and depression. In their research, Griffiths and colleagues, examined the efficacy of psilocybin in reducing anxiety and depression in 51 patients suffering from a terminal end-stage cancer and experiencing symptoms of anxiety and depression. This randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial investigated the effects of a very low (placebo-like) dose (1 or 3 mg/70 kg) vs. a high dose (22 or 30 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin. No serious adverse events attributed to psilocybin administration occurred. There were transient moderate increases in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure after psilocybin (in 34% of participants in the high-dose session and 17% of participants in the low-dose session), none of these episodes met criteria for medical intervention. Nausea or vomiting occurred in 15% of participants in the high-dose session. An episode of physical discomfort (any type) occurred in 21% of participants in the high-dose session and 8% in the low-dose session. Psychological discomfort (any type) occurred in 32% of participants in the high-dose session and 12% in the low-dose session. An episode of anxiety occurred in 26% of participants in the high-dose session and 15% in the low-dose session. One participant had a transient episode of paranoid ideation (2% of high-dose sessions). There were no cases of hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) or prolonged psychosis. Across the two dose sequence groups, the overall rate of clinical response at 6 months was 78% and 83% for depression and anxiety, respectively, and the overall rate of symptom remission at 6 months for all participants was 65% and 57%, respectively. Ross and colleagues conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, with 29 patients with cancer-related anxiety and depression that were randomly assigned and received treatment with single-dose psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) or niacin (active placebo), both in conjunction with psychotherapy (before and after drug administration). The most common adverse effects were non-clinically significant elevations in blood pressure and heart rate (76%), headaches/migraines (28%), nausea (14%), transient anxiety (17%), and transient psychotic-like symptoms (7%). The medical and psychiatric adverse effects attributable to psilocybin are all known, were transient, and tolerable. There were no cases of prolonged psychosis or HPPD, and no participants required psychiatric hospitalization. Psilocybin produced immediate, substantial, and sustained improvements in anxiety and depression, this effect was sustained at 6.5 months follow-up. These trails and others have shown safety of treatment and high efficacy in reduction of anxiety and depression symptoms with sustained effect at 6 months follow up. These findings taken together with the theoretical understanding of psilocybin mechanism of action and with the understanding of the neuro-psychological pathology of OCD, encourage investigating the potential of psilocybin as a novel significant treatment for this disorder. Research of beneficial effects of psilocybin for patients with OCD is in its infancy, but preliminary findings show potential efficacy in treatment of the disorder. Matsushima and colleagues, used a mice model for OCD and found that psilocybin (both syntactic and in mushroom form), significantly inhibited compulsive behaviour (marble burying) without affecting locomotor activity. In addition, several case reports showed beneficial effects of psilocybin for people with OCD. For example, Leonard and Rapoport (1987) and Moreno and Delgado (1997) reported that among drug-users with OCD, there was a worsening of symptoms under the influence of cocaine, but a remission of symptoms for hours/ days following psilocybin use. Wilcox (2014) described a case in which a patient with OCD self-medicated with psilocybin, once every three weeks, experienced a preserved effect of reduced anxiety, obsessive thoughts, and compulsive behaviour. In another case report, a patient suffering from a body dysmorphic disorder (spending about 4 hours a day examining himself in the mirror), has experienced a significant reduction in distress and a notable change in body perception following multiple dosing of psilocybin. Moreno et al. 2006 conducted a semi open-label trial examining the effect of psilocybin on nine participants with mild to severe OCD, which had at least one \"treatment failure\" defined as a lack of significant improvement after an adequate treatment. Doses were 25 (very low dose \\[VLD\\]), 100 (low dose \\[LD\\]), 200 (medium dose \\[MD\\]), and 300 (high dose \\[HD\\]) µg/kg. LD, MD, and HD were assigned in that order, and VLD was inserted randomly and in a double-blind fashion at any time after the first dose (LD). In measurements during the 24 hours after each dose all participants have experienced a significant relief in symptoms (23%-100% as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale \\[YBOCS\\]) in at least one of the sessions. Two of the subjects reported that their symptomatic improvement lasted most of the following week after testing. One subject achieved long-term remission at the end of the 4 test sessions, as measured at 6-month follow-up. There was, however, no clear dose-response relationship to the change in YBOCS score and no correlation between YBOCS score reduction and the perceived intensity of the psychedelic experience. These preliminary findings stress the need for further research to examine the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of OCD. In addition, the only clinical trial to date did not include psychotherapy for patients while under the influence of psilocybin. Earlier studies have shown that a preliminary therapeutic relationship before psilocybin administration increases the probability for a \"peak experience\" during sessions. Furthermore, two more recent studies have emphasized the importance of psychotherapy during and before psilocybin sessions, touching on 'intent' and formulating an early and strong therapeutic relationship. There is also a reference to the, \"psychedelic afterglow\", an effect lasting for days and even weeks after a psychedelic session during which there is a unique window for a meaningful transformative psychotherapeutic intervention, most likely owing to the increased psychological plasticity following a psychedelic experience. The current study has two main goals: 1. Determine the safety and efficacy of psilocybin for patients suffering from OCD. 2. Elucidate the psychological mechanisms contributing to the beneficial effect of psilocybin on OCD symptoms. Research Plan: The current research aims to examine the feasibility, safety and efficacy of psychotherapy assisted psilocybin for treatment of severe OCD. The protocol includes 15 therapeutic sessions, of which 12 are one-hour sessions, and three are eight hours' experiential sessions (session 4,8,12) under the influence of psilocybin. In the first experiential session participants will receive a safety dose of 10mg/70kg. In the second and third sessions, participants will receive a therapeutic dose of 30mg/70kg. Three preparatory sessions will take place before the first experiential session, and three integration sessions will take place after each experiential session. The research will include 15 participants, and will include the following phases: Selection phase: Research team will screen participants via phone interviews. Participants answering the inclusion criteria will be invited to receive and sign consent forms. Research member will collect demographics and health status data and register the participants according to study protocol. Preparatory and final registration phase: It is known that SSRIs have a counter effect on psilocybin; therefore, to allow a full effect of psilocybin it is necessary to avoid drug interaction and discontinue previous treatment. In a period of 4 weeks participants will undergo medication withdrawal under psychiatric supervision. During the 4 weeks period each participant will have 2-4 sessions (as needed) with the research psychiatrist, to supervise their clinical state. At the end of 4 weeks, a psychiatric evaluation will take place to determine readiness to begin psilocybin treatment. Baseline assessment, and preparatory therapeutic sessions phase: During the 5-6 weeks from registration, participants will have three preparatory psychotherapy sessions with a couple of therapists assigned to their treatment. Prior to their first psychotherapy session, participants will complete the first-baseline assessment of research questionnaires. Treatment phase: The treatment phase includes three experiential sessions with psilocybin (sessions 4, 8, 12), and three integration sessions after each experiential session. During this phase participants will complete three assessments using research questionnaires (sessions 2, 10, 15). End of treatment and follow-up phase: Primary outcome assessment will take place at the end of the last therapeutic session (no.15). Additional assessments will take place at three months, and six months/one-year follow-up. Research procedure Participants will sign consent forms, before participating in the research treatment. The treatment is based on 15 therapy sessions: * Three preliminary sessions for establishing therapeutic alliance with the therapists and preparing the participant for the first experiential session. * An 8-hour experiential session with a safety dose of psilocybin (10mg/70 kg). (V4) * Participant will spend the night at the medical facility, under the supervision of a research member. * A1-hour session with the therapists, on the following morning (V5) * Two integration sessions, and preparation for the next experiential session. (V6, V7) * An 8-hour experiential session with a therapeutic dose of psilocybin (30mg/70 kg). (V8) * Participant will spend the night at the medical facility, under the supervision of a research member. * A1-hour session with the therapists, on the following morning (V9) * Two integration sessions, and preparation for the next experiential session. (V10, V11) * An 8-hour experiential session with a therapeutic dose of psilocybin (30mg/70 kg). (V12) * Participant will spend the night at the medical facility, under the supervision of a research member. * A1-hour session with the therapists, on the following morning (V13) * Two integration and summary sessions. (V14, V15) Possible discomfort: It is possible that psilocybin and the experience it induces will cause some emotional or physical discomfort. Investigators will address all possible discomforts and appropriate measures to contain them, in the research safety instructions. Research purpose: The main objective of this research is to use standardized measuring tools to explore the safety and efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in treating severe OCD symptoms. A secondary aim is to explore possible variables underlying change in symptoms. Research objectives: The main objective is to assess efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in treating severe OCD symptoms. This assessment will be based on comparing ratings of the main outcome measure (Y-BOCS), at baseline (session 2) at the middle and at end of treatment (session 10, 15 respectively). A score under 14 or a reduction of 35% in the overall score will be considered as remission (Lewin, Nadai, Park, Goodman, Murphy \\& Stroch, 2011). Secondary objectives: assessing safety by collecting data on side effects, and assessing possible spiritual variables underlying change in symptoms via standardized questionnaires and semi constructed interviews. Safety: The general safety goal is to assess occurrence and frequency of adverse events during treatment. This includes suicide ideation and/or behaviour, and adverse physiological or psychological responses. The safety of psilocybin use was previously proven in several clinical research. Potential adverse effects: In general, psychedelic drugs have low levels of physiological toxicity, and previous research indicate no evidence of toxicity, organ damage or neurophysiological disfunctions. Possible physiological effects experienced under the influence of psychedelic substances may include: dizziness, weakness, tremor, paresthesia, nausea, thirst, blurred vision, dilated pupils, and hyperreflexia. These somatic effects are dynamic and relatively minor, even when the psychological effect (sensory, perceptual, and cognitive) is strong/intense. The significant risk associated with psilocybin intake, is a subjective experience of fear and anxiety, panic, dysphoria and/or paranoia. Recent clinical studies report a high safety level with no adverse effects. The high safety levels can be attributed to several control parameters described below, and to complying with safety guidelines in clinical psychotherapy with psychedelics. The use of psilocybin requires a significant psychotherapeutic holding of the subjective experience, that will provide a safe and supportive environment during the psychedelic experience. The safety guidelines in clinical psychotherapy with psychedelics describe the therapeutic presence and processes, as well as the set and settings needed to provide a supportive emotional and external environment. Safety measures: 1. Controlling the quality of psilocybin and ensuring it is manufactured under GMP conditions. 2. Controlling for appropriate and adjusted dosage. 3. Controlling a strict protocol for screening eligible participants to the study (for details see inclusion-exclusion criteria section) 4. Recruiting professional and experienced psychotherapists with the appropriate training for clinical psychotherapy with psychedelics. Professionals will undergo a unique training to work with the psychotherapy protocol written for the current research. 5. Psychotherapists will work in pairs (a man and a woman), to provide an optimal holding space for each participant. 6. A proximity of a medical team for case of emergency. 7. Providing preparatory and integration sessions before and after the psilocybin sessions. 8. Preparing and using a comfortable and friendly room for the therapeutic session. The physical environment in which the treatment takes place should be suitable to the physical as well as the emotional safety of the participant. This means creating a lenient environment, which provides a pleasant and welcoming atmosphere, and may elicit a sense of intimacy and connection. As opposed to the environment of a hospital, a space like this supports and strengthens the participant's sense of safety and connectedness, thus helping him/her contain the intense psychedelic experience. 9. Guidelines for psychotherapy process: these guidelines are based on the humanistic perspective, and concern the characteristic of the therapeutic process: * A supportive, accepting, and non-judgmental presence of the therapist. * The importance of the therapeutic alliance and trust between participant and therapists. * A non-directive approach, supportive and gentle presence that stays with the participant's unfolding experience. * Viewing the mind as multi-dimensional, making space for the diverse dimensions of the internal experience: physical, emotional, and spiritual. 10. Maintaining a well-documented monitoring of the study and the participants status during the study period. 11. Monitoring physiological measure (blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature) during the psychedelic sessions with psilocybin: before taking the drug, an hour and a half after taking the drug, and 8 hours after. In case of anomalies physiological measures will be monitor more frequently. 12. Consulting and collaborating with other research teams with similar research interests, in NYU and Imperial College in London, UK.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04882839", "keywords": "Obsessive-compulsive Disorder, psychotherapy assisted psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04882839\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Animal Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3058, "title": "Microdosing Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder: Study Protocol for a Phase II Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Partial Crossover Trial", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder study protocol for a phase ii double blind placebo controlled randomized partial crossover trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting roughly 322 million people. Recently, doses of psilocybin have shown promise in treating mood disorders, sparking interest in other dosing practices. According to anecdotal reports and observational studies, microdosing psilocybin yields benefits to mental health; however, rigorously controlled trials have failed to produce compelling evidence for this. Aims: To conduct a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized partial crossover trial to compare microdosing psilocybin to placebo for MDD, evaluating its safety, tolerability, and preliminary antidepressant effects. Method: 40 adults with MDD will be randomized to four doses of psilocybin (2 mg) or placebo (maltodextrin) once weekly over four weeks, then four doses of psilocybin (2 mg) once weekly for an additional four weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint will be change in depression symptoms, as measured at baseline (0 weeks), after the experimental phase (4 weeks), and after the open-label phase (8 weeks). A battery of mood, well-being, attention, creativity, mindfulness, and pro-sociality measures will be administered at each time point. Follow ups will occur every six months for up to two years after the trial start date, as part of a long-term extension study. Conclusions: Findings will inform future research on microdosing psilocybin for MDD, regarding dose regimens, effect sizes, and expectancy bias. Findings will also facilitate discussions on the comparable benefits of sub- versus threshold doses of psilocybin, and the therapeutic value of radically altered perception.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-11-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/hmnsw_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"hmnsw_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Creativity,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 436, "title": "Negative affective bias in depression following treatment with psilocybin or escitalopram - a secondary analysis from a randomized trial", "normalized_title": "negative affective bias in depression following treatment with psilocybin or escitalopram a secondary analysis from a randomized trial", "authors": "Marieke Martens, Bruna Giribaldi Cunha, David Erritzøe, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, Catherine J. Harmer", "abstract": "Recent clinical trial data suggests that ratings on depression scales are lowered after psilocybin therapy compared to placebo, though it is unclear what neuropsychological mechanisms underpin these effects. This study compared psilocybin, with an established antidepressant, escitalopram, to investigate whether there are shared or distinct effects on emotional information processing. Patients with long-standing moderate-to-severe depression were randomly and double-blindly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 1) two doses of 25 mg of psilocybin, 3-weeks apart, plus 6-weeks of daily placebo (psilocybin group N = 30); or 2) two doses of 1 mg of psilocybin 3-weeks apart plus 6-weeks of daily oral escitalopram (escitalopram group N = 29); all patients received the same psychological support. Behavioural measures of affective bias as well as subjective measures of depression were collected at baseline and at the primary 6-week endpoint, using an established computerised task (Facial Emotion Recognition Task) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, respectively. Change in affective bias was further correlated with change in depression scores measured concurrently as well as at 1-month post-trial follow-up (week-10), corrected for baseline depression severity. Negative bias in facial expression recognition decreased after both treatments to a comparable level. Concurrently, change in negative affective bias was not associated with change in depression. Longitudinally, a decrease in the misclassification of positive faces as negative was associated with a decrease in depression scores at week-10 for the escitalopram group only. Therefore, a more positive behavioural bias in emotional processing was seen following psilocybin and citalopram compared to baseline. This highlights the potential for at least some overlap in cognitive mechanisms across two distinct treatments, which is noteworthy given the short dosing regimen with psilocybin.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-11-12", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-025-03693-w", "pubmed_id": "41257994", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03693-w", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Citalopram, Psychology, Depression (economics), Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Psilocybin, Neuropsychology, Major depressive disorder, Attentional bias, Internal medicine, Clinical trial, Anhedonia, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Depressive symptoms, Medicine, Psychotic depression, Meta-analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416593366\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416593366\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"https://openalex.org/W1557839980\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976073163\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984624493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031050189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090514581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105190393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105571318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134189152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138664664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144743430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147154687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169235472\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2443266577\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553993334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769519277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900603166\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999837842\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3121304114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158335389\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195175162\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210887564\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215602110\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236025940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307481727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385271945\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390691843\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410137899\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014442426\",\"display_name\":\"Marieke Martens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0108-1327\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028567759\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi Cunha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012818091\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine J. Harmer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-8335\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03693-w\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416593366" }, { "id": 408, "title": "Efficacy, all-cause discontinuation, and safety of serotonergic psychedelics and MDMA to treat mental disorders: A living systematic review with meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "efficacy all cause discontinuation and safety of serotonergic psychedelics and mdma to treat mental disorders a living systematic review with meta analysis", "authors": "Højlund M, Kafali HY, Kırmızı B, Fusar-Poli P, Correll CU, Cortese S, Sabé M, Fiedorowicz J, Saraf G, Zein J, Berk M, Husain MI, Rosenblat JD, Rubaiyat R, Corace K, Wong S, Hatcher S, Kaluzienski M, Yatham LN, Cipriani A, Gosling CJ, Carhart-Harris R, Tanuseputro P, Myran DT, Fabiano N, Moher D, Mayo LM, Nicholls SG, White T, Prisco M, Radua J, Vieta E, Ladha KS, Katz J, Veroniki AA, Solmi M.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics and 3,4-methylendioxtmethamphetamine (MDMA) are promising treatments for mental disorders with a continuously evolving evidence base. We searched Pubmed/Scopus/clinical trial registries up to 08july2025 for double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing MDMA or serotonergic psychedelics in patients with mental disorders. Primary outcomes were change in disease-specific symptoms and all-cause discontinuation. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and relative risk (RR) were estimated using random-effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed with Cochrane's RoB-tool version 2 and certainty of evidence with GRADE. The review is maintained as living systematic review (https://ebipsyche-database.org/). We included 30 RCTs (1480 participants; female=45.8 %; with psychological support=83.3 %; high RoB=83.3 %). In post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), MDMA reduced PTSD symptoms compared to any control (k = 11; SMD=-0.85 [-1.09; -0.60]; I2=0 %; GRADE=low). In major depressive disorder (MDD), psilocybin/ayahuasca/LSD reduced depressive symptoms (k = 8; SMD=-0.62 [-0.97; -0.28]; I2=55 %; GRADE=very low). In anxiety disorders, both MDMA and serotonergic psychedelics reduced anxiety symptoms (SMDMDMA=-1.18 [-2.04; -0.32]; I2=0 %; k = 2; GRADE=low and SMDserotonergic=-0.88 [-1.70; -0.06]; I2=54 %;k = 5; GRADE=very low). In alcohol use disorder, neither psilocybin nor LSD reduced abstinence rates (k = 6; RR=1.42 [0.89; 2.26]; I2=7 %; GRADE=very low). In attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), LSD did not reduce ADHD symptoms (k = 1; SMD=0.22 [-0.32; 0.76]; GRADE=very low). Moderate certainty in evidence was only found for MDMA on PTSD symptoms when compared to placebo. MDMA/serotonergic psychedelics were not associated with higher risk of all-cause discontinuation (RRMDMA=0.74 [0.32; 1.72]; RRserotonergic=0.81 [0.56; 1.15]). Overall, MDMA/serotonergic psychedelics are promising for the treatment of PTSD, MDD, and anxiety disorders with moderate to large effect sizes. Pragmatic trials, long-term, head-to-head trials exploring the role of psychological support, aiming to identify predictors of response, and accounting for expectancy and functional unblinding are needed. Studies addressing these limitations will likely be required for regulatory approval of psychedelic drugs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-11-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.09.011", "pubmed_id": "41205366", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.09.011", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Mental Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41205366\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3489, "title": "A Phase 1/2 Study of a Group Model of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Cancer-Related Anxiety in Patients With Metastatic Cancer", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 2 study of a group model of psilocybin assisted therapy for cancer related anxiety in patients with metastatic cancer", "authors": "University of Washington", "abstract": "This phase I/II trial tests the safety and side effects of psilocybin in combination with therapy for the treatment of patients with metastatic cancer and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. Psilocybin is a substance being studied in conjunction with therapy for the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with cancer. In this study, the psilocybin being used is derived from the mushroom psilocybe cubensis using a patented process that results in a pharmaceutical grade version of psilocybin. Psilocybin acts by activating serotonin receptors on brain cells which can change perceptions and patterns of thinking in ways that may decrease anxiety. OUTLINE: Patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) and participate in group and individual therapy sessions on trial.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05847686", "keywords": "Hematopoietic and Lymphatic System Neoplasm, Metastatic Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Counseling, Counseling Intervention, Psilocybin, CY-39, Indocybin, psilocybine, Questionnaire Administration, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05847686\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 357, "title": "Psilocybin Outside the Clinic", "normalized_title": "psilocybin outside the clinic", "authors": "Kent E. Hutchison, Jake F. Hooper, Hollis C. Karoly", "abstract": "Importance: Psilocybin use has surged in the US following decriminalization efforts and promising clinical trial results. Mirroring early cannabis legalization, public access and enthusiasm are outpacing regulatory oversight and scientific understanding, posing potential risks to public health. Objective: To review emerging evidence on the public health implications of unregulated psilocybin mushroom use, including trends in use, product variability, co-use with other substances, and age-related differences in outcomes. Evidence Review: Sources included peer-reviewed articles, national surveillance data (eg, poison control center reports), and publicly available chemical testing data from decriminalized jurisdictions. The review emphasizes epidemiological and pharmacological findings published between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2024, with attention to parallels from cannabis legalization research. Studies were selected based on relevance to nonclinical psilocybin use, product composition, adverse outcomes, and co-use patterns. Findings: Psilocybin mushroom use has sharply increased in the US, particularly among adults aged 19 to 50 years, with more than 7 million individuals reporting use in the past year. This trend has coincided with a substantial increase in poison control center calls related to psychedelics. Testing data from decriminalized regions indicate more than 20-fold variability in psilocybin potency and inconsistent levels of minor tryptamines across mushroom strains. Clinical trial data on synthetic psilocybin do not generalize to public use due to strict participant selection and controlled environments. Co-use with cannabis is common and may increase the risk of adverse events. Evidence also suggests that age may moderate both risks and benefits. Conclusions and Relevance: The expanding use of unregulated psilocybin mushrooms, combined with high variability in composition and common co-use with other substances, raises urgent public health concerns. Existing clinical data are insufficient to guide harm reduction or policy. There is a pressing need to pivot from controlled efficacy trials to real-world research on psilocybin use, including public education, potency testing, and age-specific risk assessment.", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-11-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.3038", "pubmed_id": "41191341", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.3038", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Public health, Harm, Pimozide, Harm reduction, MEDLINE, Potency, Health care, Psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415929140\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415929140\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1984431812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103111367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111070819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146134654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153594880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2253496291\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328103612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612688067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889566085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951522488\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033060622\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043905699\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169261903\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194325186\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200757480\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3208662682\",\"https://openalex.org/W3209302070\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210843480\",\"https://openalex.org/W3217718387\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247582466\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293080285\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294804950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309210963\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378174725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386861633\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387902564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388014221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391842082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391970820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392165205\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394009974\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396977515\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398206151\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399276098\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400569719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403080353\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403848501\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405495073\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409632414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410591657\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412102657\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412161399\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007663400\",\"display_name\":\"Kent E. Hutchison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-9277\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Jake F. Hooper\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114081754\",\"display_name\":\"Hollis C. Karoly\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.3038\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415929140" }, { "id": 448, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted physiotherapy for refractory motor functional neurological disorder: protocol for a randomised dose-comparison pilot study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted physiotherapy for refractory motor functional neurological disorder protocol for a randomised dose comparison pilot study", "authors": "Chiranth Bhagavan, Alexander Bryson, Olivia Carter, Glenn Nielsen, David J. Berlowitz, Sara Issak, Sabine Braat, Sophie Zaloumis, Zachary Attard, Dina Eleftheriadis, Georgina Oliver, Deanne Mayne, Greg Roebuck, James Rucker, Matthew Butler, Richard Kanaan", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Motor functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common illness associated with significant functional impairment. There are no effective pharmacotherapies, and despite the early promise of physiotherapy studies, many suffer disabling symptoms in the long term. There is a theoretical rationale for combining psychedelics with physiotherapy; however, the potential benefit of this approach and optimal treatment model remains unexplored. Here, we present the protocol for the first study investigating the tolerability, feasibility, and potential efficacy of two distinct treatment regimens of psilocybin-assisted physiotherapy for refractory motor FND: a moderate dose that incorporates movement tasks during the acute drug effects versus a standard dose alone. METHODS: Twenty-four participants with refractory motor FND will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to either (1) psilocybin 15 mg, with movement tasks conducted during the acute drug effects, or (2) psilocybin 25 mg alone. All participants will receive two sessions of FND-specific physiotherapy pre-dosing, six sessions of physiotherapy post-dosing, and undergo follow-up visits one week and four weeks following their final physiotherapy session. A battery of outcome measures will be completed as scheduled, assessing tolerability, feasibility, motor FND symptom severity, psychiatric and physical symptoms, quality of life, treatment expectations, intensity of the acute drug effects, personality, motor function, force-matching performance, resting-state and task-based brain imaging, and subjective experiences of the study treatment. DISCUSSION: These findings will assist the design of an adequately powered randomised controlled trial in this cohort. The findings may also inform the feasibility of psychedelic treatment in related functional and neuropsychiatric disorders.", "journal": "Acta Neuropsychiatrica", "publication_date": "2025-11-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1017/neu.2025.10042", "pubmed_id": "41186141", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2025.10042", "keywords": "Medicine, Protocol (science), Physical therapy, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Refractory (planetary science), Pilot trial, Randomized controlled trial, Motor activity, Clinical trial, Treatment protocol, Functional training, Functional movement, Motor symptoms, Rehabilitation, Activities of daily living, MEDLINE, Functional electrical stimulation, Protocol design, Functional impairment, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415851344\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415851344\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059079864\",\"display_name\":\"Chiranth Bhagavan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7983-4280\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065472002\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander Bryson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0033-8197\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060157509\",\"display_name\":\"Olivia Carter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-6154\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079230130\",\"display_name\":\"Glenn Nielsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6053-5670\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062700391\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Berlowitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-8722\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014383854\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Issak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0042-3452\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050220299\",\"display_name\":\"Sabine Braat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1997-3999\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084468237\",\"display_name\":\"Sophie Zaloumis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8253-8896\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000011887\",\"display_name\":\"Zachary Attard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0790-817X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042488247\",\"display_name\":\"Dina Eleftheriadis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0671-8422\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102711011\",\"display_name\":\"Georgina Oliver\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9215-2225\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104987882\",\"display_name\":\"Deanne Mayne\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112602098\",\"display_name\":\"Greg Roebuck\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037837514\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Butler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-6539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075094017\",\"display_name\":\"Richard Kanaan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0992-1917\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S173281865\",\"source_display_name\":\"Acta Neuropsychiatrica\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2025.10042\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Aging,Personality Change,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415851344" }, { "id": 271, "title": "Microdosing psilocybin and its effect on creativity: Lessons learned from three double-blind placebo controlled longitudinal trials", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin and its effect on creativity lessons learned from three double blind placebo controlled longitudinal trials", "authors": "Luisa Prochazkova, Josephine Marschall, Michiel van Elk, Ben David Rifkin, Neil R Schon, Donatella Fiacchino, George Fejer, Martin Kuchař, Bernhard Hommel", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-11-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110732", "pubmed_id": "41187880", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110732", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Placebo, Medicine, Clinical trial, Placebo response, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Anesthesia, Randomized controlled trial, Quality (philosophy), Psychology, Longitudinal data, MEDLINE, Crossover study, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415775160\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415775160\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1208947668\",\"https://openalex.org/W1445627028\",\"https://openalex.org/W1585386609\",\"https://openalex.org/W1882482010\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966427346\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970656867\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971459727\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983800549\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987239968\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995045083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006850907\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011946757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013214147\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018842554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038909912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043731263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079579414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094134651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120959053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137597447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150663429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150683078\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151069696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170811861\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173812249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341440673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2606250885\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795823565\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888769893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903227578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945335566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972959563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990036135\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010363778\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082756286\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092548915\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093109301\",\"https://openalex.org/W3143890706\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396937081\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408775931\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010403613\",\"display_name\":\"Luisa Prochazkova\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7992-3603\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030624983\",\"display_name\":\"Josephine Marschall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-2417\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004497618\",\"display_name\":\"Michiel van Elk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-3551\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021920586\",\"display_name\":\"Ben David Rifkin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120066519\",\"display_name\":\"Neil R Schon\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6488-6432\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007854906\",\"display_name\":\"Donatella Fiacchino\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084687542\",\"display_name\":\"George Fejer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4904-5504\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084865612\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Kuchař\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7616-6352\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047896814\",\"display_name\":\"Bernhard Hommel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4731-5125\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S160566677\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110732\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Microdosing,Creativity,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415775160" }, { "id": 449, "title": "Reporting of side-effects in clinical trials of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric conditions: systematic review", "normalized_title": "reporting of side effects in clinical trials of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric conditions systematic review", "authors": "Jonathon Marinis, Sarah Clarke, Alexandre A. Guerin, Adam J. Guastella, Gillinder Bedi", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has gained attention as a promising intervention for conditions including depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, but understanding of its side-effects is limited. This review evaluates the quality of side-effects reporting in PAP trials, to guide treatment, policy and research. AIMS: To assess side-effects reporting quality in PAP trials for psychiatric conditions, comparing published articles and ClinicalTrials.gov records. METHOD: A PROSPERO-registered review (no. CRD42023458960) included English-language PAP trials (2005-2024) identified via Embase, CENTRAL, PubMed and reference searches. Reporting quality was assessed using the CONSORT Harms extension, categorised as either high (17-21), moderate (12-16), low (7-11) or very low (0-6). Randomised controlled trials underwent risk of bias analysis, and descriptive statistics compared side-effects across sources. RESULTS: = 9) showed high risk of bias for side-effects outcomes. Variability in reporting hindered comparisons between articles and ClinicalTrials.gov, underscoring the need for standardisation. Overall, there was no evidence of systematic underreporting of side-effects in published articles compared with trial registers. CONCLUSIONS: Side-effects reporting in PAP trials is inconsistent but is improving over time. Existing evidence has a high risk of bias. Future trials should align with best-practice guidelines for side-effects reporting. Discussions with patients should prioritise findings from high-quality studies and emphasise the current uncertainty regarding PAP side-effects.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2025-10-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2025.10847", "pubmed_id": "41178084", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10847", "keywords": "Clinical trial, Medicine, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Psychotherapist, Systematic review, Psychology, Alternative medicine, Drug trial, Clinical Practice, Research design, Clinical psychology, Mental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415782096\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415782096\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1747918244\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986360186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2263572070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090435879\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213300280\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297252613\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366974898\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367054142\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384665053\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385173317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387115576\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387674199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387902564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388014221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393359395\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395034174\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093590789\",\"display_name\":\"Jonathon Marinis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8487-4152\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101504134\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Clarke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1908-1405\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041548475\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandre A. Guerin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3833-3620\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014867110\",\"display_name\":\"Adam J. Guastella\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-4625\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036812133\",\"display_name\":\"Gillinder Bedi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6718-0099\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10847\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415782096" }, { "id": 4256, "title": "Use of psilocybin for chronic pain: a scoping review with current evidence and prospection of literature and technology for future applications", "normalized_title": "use of psilocybin for chronic pain a scoping review with current evidence and prospection of literature and technology for future applications", "authors": "André Leão Dantas, Lara Moreira Jalles Milani, Saulo Gabriel Moreira Falci, João Américo da Silveira, Cristina Pereira Isolan, Lia Dietrich", "abstract": "Chronic pain affects millions of people and remains one of the greatest clinical challenges due to limited response to conventional therapies. Psilocybin, a psychedelic found in mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus, has sparked interest due to its potential to modulate serotonergic receptors and promote neuroplasticity, suggesting analgesic and psychotherapeutic effects. The objective of this scoping review was to map and synthesize the available evidence on the use of psilocybin in the management of chronic pain. The protocol was registered on the OSF platform (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/MQ36X) and gathered evidence from seven databases and gray literature, including clinical and preclinical studies, and patents. Twenty studies were included: nine published, eleven ongoing clinical trials, and five filed patents. Doses ranged from 5 to 25 mg, administered in single or multiple sessions, with or without associated psychotherapy, and showed reduced pain intensity and improved mood and quality of life. In animal models, the results were heterogeneous, ranging from significant analgesia to no effect. The analyzed patents indicate industrial interest in microdosing protocols and controlled-release formulations aimed at fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, and phantom pain. Taken together, the evidence pointed to psilocybin as a promising alternative for chronic pain management, although robust and standardized clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.", "journal": "Caderno Pedagógico", "publication_date": "2025-10-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.54033/cadpedv22n12-345", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.54033/cadpedv22n12-345", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Mood, Chronic pain, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Analgesic, Pain assessment, Quality of life (healthcare), Dosing, Pharmacology, Neuropathic pain, Protocol (science), Psychiatry, Pain management, Serotonergic, Clinical pharmacology, Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415830103\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415830103\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2017462460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082947525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794118706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023228010\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165837403\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294804950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308486832\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362508370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386019370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389891609\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393489617\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402529371\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402697828\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402748917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406306242\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408540649\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408581056\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409704666\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411103150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412080495\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120237973\",\"display_name\":\"André Leão Dantas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060273750\",\"display_name\":\"Lara Moreira Jalles Milani\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7126-6877\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008286933\",\"display_name\":\"Saulo Gabriel Moreira Falci\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9438-5199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003622337\",\"display_name\":\"João Américo da Silveira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6529-5362\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047106535\",\"display_name\":\"Cristina Pereira Isolan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1502-7383\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001812672\",\"display_name\":\"Lia Dietrich\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-8591\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210173331\",\"source_display_name\":\"Caderno Pedagógico\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.54033/cadpedv22n12-345\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415830103" }, { "id": 466, "title": "Psychedelics and ketamine/esketamine in depressive disorders: biological mechanisms and associated neuroimaging and clinical changes.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and ketamine esketamine in depressive disorders biological mechanisms and associated neuroimaging and clinical changes", "authors": "d'Andrea G, Chiappini S, Ciavoni L, Tucci R, Martino F, Semeraro FM, Di Battista D, Mosca A, Miuli A, Di Carlo F, Russo M, Di Petta G, Fornaro M, Pettorruso M, Sensi SL, Martinotti G.", "abstract": "BackgroundOver the past ten years, several psychedelic compounds, including tryptamines like lysergic acid diethylamide/LSD, psilocybin, ayahuasca, and dimethyltryptamine/DMT, have been tested in clinical trials for a range of psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety and depression. While these compounds are relatively available for treatment, ketamine and its S(+) enantiomer, esketamine, are increasingly used to manage treatment-resistant depression. The biological mechanisms set in motion by these compounds are still largely unexplored. Preliminary data indicate modulatory activity of distinct brain networks and selected neurotransmitter pathways (i.e., glutamate, serotonin).ObjectiveThis systematic review investigates functional changes in neural activity generated by these compounds (i.e., LSD, psilocybin, ayahuasca, and DMT or ketamine/esketamine) in depressive disorders. Studies involving different techniques (i.e. Positron Emission Tomography/PET, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/SPECT, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging/fMRI and MRI) were included.MethodA literature search was conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines of 2015. The search was performed using PubMed Web of Science and Scopus databases, taking into consideration publications up to March 2022, without any time restrictions.ResultsThe search produced a final set of 49 articles. Most were related to ketamine/esketamine (n = 44). A smaller number (n = 5) pertained to psychedelic tryptamines (one on ayahuasca and four on psilocybin). From the total of 49 studies, 9 were randomized-controlled trials, 25 were open-label studies, 4 were double-blind trials, 8 were observational studies, and 3 cross-over studies.ConclusionsPsylocibin seems to reset Default Mode Network (DMN) activity, thereby reducing depressive symptoms with long-term and sustainable antidepressant efficacy. Compared to psychedelics, ketamine exhibits a more specific action on networks involving prefrontal areas that act indirectly on the DMN. This effect may help explain ketamine's anti-anhedonic activity and its critical role in increasing cognitive control over emotional stimuli, thus reducing negative mood stages.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-025-03654-3", "pubmed_id": "41173871", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03654-3", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Neuroimaging, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41173871\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 306, "title": "Psilocybin use in bipolar disorder: A comprehensive review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin use in bipolar disorder a comprehensive review", "authors": "Do A, Cloutier L, Hébert-Tremblay L, Thauvin C.", "abstract": "IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and persistent mental disorder characterized by recurrent mood episodes, with BD depression accounting for most of the illness burden. Although the mainstay treatment of BD consists of pharmacotherapy with mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics, a large proportion of patients with BD depression do not respond to adequate trials of medications. In addition, these medications can be associated with multiple, often significant adverse effects, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic agents that are acceptable, effective and safe for patients.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive narrative review on the use of psilocybin in BD, with a focus on clinical outcomes.ResultsTwo small clinical trials show that psilocybin combined with psychotherapy was safe and effective for the treatment of BDII depression with large treatment effects. No serious adverse events, including treatment-emergent mania/hypomania or increased suicidality, were reported in both trials. However, other studies have raised concerns about the safety of psilocybin in BD patients, including the development or worsening of manic symptoms, sleep disruptions and anxiety. Overall, the majority of BD patients believe that psilocybin could benefit their mental health problems, but their experiences varied depending on several contextual factors, such as polysubstance use, psilocybin dose, solo versus social experiences and pre-psilocybin sleep deprivation.ConclusionDespite its promising potential, the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of BD depression remain unclear, and future research is essential to clarify its therapeutic value in BD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.120485", "pubmed_id": "41177271", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120485", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Bipolar Disorder, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41177271\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3597, "title": "A Wellcome Leap for the Opioid Crisis: Can the 5HT2A Agonist Psilocybin Improve Brain, Behavioral, and Clinical Outcomes in Opioid Use Disorder (OUD)?", "normalized_title": "a wellcome leap for the opioid crisis can the 5ht2a agonist psilocybin improve brain behavioral and clinical outcomes in opioid use disorder oud", "authors": "Anna Rose Childress, Ph.D.", "abstract": "Investigators will recruit 36 individuals on MAT for OUD for a double-blind, placebo-controlled design to determine whether PEX010 (25-mg/d) shows preliminary efficacy on neural correlates of neurocognition and on clinical outcomes. Participants will be randomized to either (single dose) 25-mg (PEX010-25 group) or 1-mg (PPEX010-1 group) PEX010 in a 2:1 ratio. Brain and behavioral testing sessions will precede Psilocybin (PSI) dosing day by 24-48 hours and will follow PSI dosing by 1 week. After an initial 6 phases, participants will come into the lab to submit a urine screen 2x/week and to complete a short survey in order to collect data on drug use, MAT adherence, and mental health symptoms. The investigators hypothesize the PEX010-25 (vs. PEX010-1) group will have better clinical outcomes (e.g., lower average percent positive urine drug screens, more late relapses, higher MAT adherence). There are research follow ups every three months out to one year post dose. The Opioid Crisis: Currently in its third wave, the opioid epidemic involves the prevalence of lethal levels of fentanyl in drugs, leading to a surge in opioid-related deaths. Reports indicate a record-breaking number of over 107,000 drug-related overdose deaths in 2021-2022, with opioids contributing to more than 75% of these fatalities. Beyond fatal overdoses, nearly 1 million non-fatal overdoses occurred in 2017, carrying significant, long-lasting consequences. Those who experience non-fatal overdoses are more prone to subsequent overdoses and have a higher likelihood of death within a year, primarily due to drug-related issues. The escalating cases of opioid use disorder (OUD) emphasize the critical need for innovative treatments to address the associated challenges, including neurocognitive difficulties and poor clinical outcomes. While medication-assisted treatment (MAT) like methadone or buprenorphine effectively alleviates withdrawal symptoms and reduces overdose risk, illicit drug use persists, and non-adherence to MAT remains a challenge. The opioid overdose crisis demands urgent attention and necessitates the development of treatments capable of making a significant impact. Psilocybin: In response to the need for improved treatments, there's a growing interest in psychedelic-assisted treatment (PAT), particularly involving psilocybin (PSI). Clinical trials support the use of PAT in controlled medical contexts, with 105 trials registered in the past 20 years covering various mental health and other conditions. PSI (at single doses in the proposed range) has shown preliminary promise for depression, alcohol use disorder, and tobacco-use disorder. However, its potential benefits for OUD remain unknown. This proposal aims to determine whether PSI enhances critical OUD clinical outcomes, such as relapse, overdose, and MAT adherence. Importantly, the investigators will test how PSI produces its benefits through its impact on brain and bio-behavioral targets, thus linking potential biomarkers to clinical outcomes. Cognitive Flexibility: The ability to change thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in response to changes in circumstance (to \"flex\") has strong survival value. When the brain cannot \"flex\", one can experience a range of mishaps, from small (turning left rather than right 'out of habit') to much larger ones. Being 'stuck' is a problem that appears in many disorders. For example, individuals with depression may get 'stuck' in dark ruminating thoughts; individuals with OCD may get 'stuck' in repetitive thoughts and behaviors; people with substance use disorders get 'stuck' over-responding to drug reward signals and pursue the drug despite negative consequences. Recent research shows that PSI facilitates intermediate and long-term improvements in cognitive flexibility, raising the hope that it can 're-set' the brain and enable new thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Cognitive flexibility is often measured by tasks that quantify how successfully one can shift between changing mental rules to complete a task. Using such tasks, there is evidence of cognitive flexibility deficits in people with OUD, but research has not specifically examined the impact of improved cognitive flexibility on OUD clinical outcomes. To date, one study showed that neurocognitive training in executive function (EF), including cognitive flexibility, is associated with reduced opioid use, while a non-OUD study found that higher baseline cognitive flexibility was related to better substance use treatment retention. This proposal will be the first to test whether putative PSI-related improvements in cognitive flexibility will lead to more favorable OUD clinical outcomes. Other Executive Functions: Importantly, cognitive flexibility is a complex capability that depends on the integrated action of several other basic executive functions (EFs): attention, working memory, and inhibition of thoughts, feelings, or actions. Further, each of these basic EFs, together with cognitive flexibility, are needed for effective and efficient planning and decision-making. Individuals who use drugs demonstrate impairment in a variety of these fundamental EFs. In OUD populations, deficits are evident across most EF domains, including working memory, attention, inhibition, and decision-making, which may relate to or underly their cognitive inflexibility. Studies have found that performance on EF tasks (and the neural underpinnings of EF in the prefrontal cortex \\[PFC\\]) indeed correlate with clinical outcomes such as treatment non-adherence (e.g., working memory) and drug use/relapse (e.g., poor inhibition) in substance-use disorders generally, and with reduced abstinence in OUD. Whether these multiple EF deficits predate, or even predispose, drug use - they are likely compounded by drug exposure, including non-fatal opioid overdoses that produce hypoxic-related brain injuries, leading to further neurocognitive deficits. In sum, there is good preliminary evidence for deficits in the several component EFs underlying cognitive flexibility in OUD. By measuring these separately, the current proposal will be able to determine which of these targets are most impacted by PSI, and their relative importance for outcome prediction. What's \"special\" about psilocybin? PSI has likely been in use by humans for millennia, originally as a religious or spiritual agent due to its dramatic subjective effects, including hallucinations and mystical experiences. However, scientists have more recently understood that some of the effects - such as increased sense of connectedness, openness, and change in perspective - can produce long-lasting change and improved mental health. Indeed, psychometric instruments capturing non-ordinary states of consciousness and psychological constructs have reliably predicted clinical treatment outcomes, including substance use disorder outcomes. Some theorists have proposed that these dramatic drug effects may reflect a profound initial 'loosening' of top-down control over limbic and sensory regions, resulting in improved flexibility and adaptive behavior. Though the current proposal will not be able to test all features of this hypothesis, the investigators will capture the special acute phenomenology of the drug state and test for the fundamental feature of flexibility. Further, the investigators will determine the relative role of the basic EF components of flexibility and test the importance of all these factors (alone and in combination) for obtaining clinical benefit from the drug. This study will provide a critical foundation for understanding the potential of 5HT2A agonists in OUD, with treatment implications for several other disorders where cognitive inflexibility, 'getting stuck', is a core feature.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-10-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06786325", "keywords": "Opioid Use Disorder, Psilocybin, PEX010, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06786325\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Biomarkers,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4259, "title": "Psilocybin's effects on obsessive-compulsive behaviors: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s effects on obsessive compulsive behaviors a systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence", "authors": "James J Gattuso, Bilgenur Bezcioglu, Carey Wilson, Kato Havaux, Anthony J. Hannan, Thibault Renoir", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic with growing evidence for efficacy in mood disorders, and its therapeutic potential in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related conditions is increasingly recognised but remains understudied. We systematically evaluated clinical and preclinical evidence on psilocybin's effects on obsessive and compulsive behaviours with attention to translational relevance. A systematic search identified 13 eligible studies (4 clinical trials and 9 preclinical investigations examining psilocybin or psilocin on obsessive-compulsive symptoms or behaviours), and reporting followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In clinical studies, single doses of psilocybin led to rapid reductions in obsessive-compulsive symptoms, including in patients with OCD and body dysmorphic disorder. In wild-type mice, psilocybin acutely decreased marble-burying behaviour, although this effect was transient and not observed beyond the first day after administration. In contrast, in SAPAP3 knockout mice-a validated genetic model of compulsive behaviour-a single administration of psilocybin produced robust, enduring reductions in excessive grooming, and these lasting anti-compulsive effects were replicated across independent laboratories and doses. Additionally, chronic hallucinogenic doses of psilocybin did not improve anxiety-like or compulsive-like behaviour in SAPAP3 knockout mice; however, a separate study in Long-Evans rats found that chronic sub-hallucinogenic psilocybin reduced self-grooming and enhanced expression of synaptic markers in the paraventricular thalamus. Together, the evidence suggests that psilocybin transiently reduces obsessive-compulsive symptoms in clinical populations and produces lasting anti-compulsive effects in validated animal models. Future clinical studies should include larger placebo-controlled trials and incorporate neuroimaging to assess psilocybin's impact on fronto-striatal circuitry implicated in OCD pathophysiology.", "journal": "Psychedelics.", "publication_date": "2025-10-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.61373/pp025i.0044", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.61373/pp025i.0044", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Serotonergic, Medicine, Clinical trial, Mood, Dosing, Neuroimaging, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Obsessive compulsive, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Preclinical research, Human studies, Clinical psychology, Neuroscience, Animal studies, Anxiety, Riluzole, Systematic review, MEDLINE, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Cognition, Anhedonia, Clinical significance, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415615338\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415615338\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W78334752\",\"https://openalex.org/W205881385\",\"https://openalex.org/W1481278651\",\"https://openalex.org/W1660153467\",\"https://openalex.org/W1881638195\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979644674\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985241009\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992922886\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003665687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012440798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031832463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055670384\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057912349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077314198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080914771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081491493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088697301\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100825937\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100861230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101582587\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103598305\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167400086\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173531201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2322842142\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325637371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2385482058\",\"https://openalex.org/W2618944769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2739834351\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890759366\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000430699\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006326598\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031742716\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116827302\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139227295\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195825535\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291170424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306914642\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309269582\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620578\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318475634\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376113773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383558762\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385954214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387259638\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389117467\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389137509\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389203746\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390671187\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400449392\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401224807\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403328142\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404007256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404836981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406874124\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409029858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409195444\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410371399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411969620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412520959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412930605\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413389430\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000395302\",\"display_name\":\"James J Gattuso\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-8728\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119340227\",\"display_name\":\"Bilgenur Bezcioglu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5736-1241\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019635231\",\"display_name\":\"Carey Wilson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2222-9714\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120159892\",\"display_name\":\"Kato Havaux\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052976583\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony J. Hannan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-8922\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006545419\",\"display_name\":\"Thibault Renoir\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9262-3971\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404675698\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelics.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.61373/pp025i.0044\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415615338" }, { "id": 467, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and RelationaL (PEARL) therapy for patients with advanced cancer: protocol for a multi-method feasibility trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted existential attachment and relational pearl therapy for patients with advanced cancer protocol for a multi method feasibility trial", "authors": "Candice Richardson, Cindy Chan, Emily Macgregor, Crystal Hare, Breffni Hannon, SarahRose Black, Evan E. Schneider, Daniel Z. Buchman, Stella Wang, Valeria E. Rac, Lusine Abrahamyan, Ella Huszti, Rinat Nissim, Madeline Li, Camilla Zimmermann, Emma Hapke, Daniel M. Rosenbaum, Sarah Hales", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Individuals with advanced cancer often experience high levels of distress for which there are few standardized treatment approaches. Our multidisciplinary team has combined existing evidence-based approaches into Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment, and RelationaL (PEARL) therapy. PEARL therapy combines elements from psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, including preparatory therapy sessions, a high-dose psilocybin session, and integration sessions, with important elements from evidence-based psychotherapies designed for patients with advanced cancer. METHOD: This open-label, single-arm clinical trial will assess the acceptability, feasibility, and safety of PEARL therapy among 15 patients with advanced cancer, using qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Participants will complete self-report questionnaires at four time points pre- and post-intervention, as well as a qualitative interview one month after PEARL completion. Feasibility will be evaluated in terms of recruitment, retention, and adherence rates, while safety will be assessed based on the number of participants experiencing no serious adverse events. DISCUSSION: This study will yield important information about the acceptability and feasibility of PEARL therapy and contribute to growing research around the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapies. PEARL therapy has the potential to improve quality of life among those with advanced disease, and careful research is needed to guide public policy, legislation, therapist training, and clinical guidelines. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT06416085; 2024-07-16.", "journal": "Pilot and Feasibility Studies", "publication_date": "2025-10-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1186/s40814-025-01706-5", "pubmed_id": "41152967", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-025-01706-5", "keywords": "Protocol (science), Medicine, Psychology, Clinical trial, Physical therapy, MEDLINE, Randomized controlled trial, Medical emergency, Computer science, Psychotherapist, Treatment protocol, Intervention (counseling), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415616586\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415616586\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1608689417\",\"https://openalex.org/W1862997372\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988792451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000806079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020646491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058150514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082733011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103903454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125025233\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137904825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145839824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152696551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170182466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2313442361\",\"https://openalex.org/W2314515280\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2480994613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552595635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588182016\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592273082\",\"https://openalex.org/W2625982844\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744073746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2772834920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800374108\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886232664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896015079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015163151\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3097681315\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107917596\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215891836\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211011432\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231257997\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243323812\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398774731\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103148291\",\"display_name\":\"Candice Richardson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2518-0912\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081797920\",\"display_name\":\"Cindy Chan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0383-855X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120160227\",\"display_name\":\"Emily Macgregor\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114205104\",\"display_name\":\"Crystal Hare\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041923648\",\"display_name\":\"Breffni Hannon\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-555X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111996437\",\"display_name\":\"SarahRose Black\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030092509\",\"display_name\":\"Evan E. Schneider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9735-7484\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066952814\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Z. Buchman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8944-6647\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052157511\",\"display_name\":\"Stella Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1338-6953\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009391575\",\"display_name\":\"Valeria E. Rac\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0426-4594\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090644631\",\"display_name\":\"Lusine Abrahamyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2788-4179\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015263586\",\"display_name\":\"Ella Huszti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0169-4895\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017464940\",\"display_name\":\"Rinat Nissim\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3624-5806\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064599428\",\"display_name\":\"Madeline Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3977-7437\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055774990\",\"display_name\":\"Camilla Zimmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4889-0244\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001698290\",\"display_name\":\"Emma Hapke\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048501797\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel M. Rosenbaum\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-4993\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060578045\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Hales\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-8124\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764511738\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pilot and Feasibility Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-025-01706-5\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415616586" }, { "id": 470, "title": "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Investigating the Efficacy of Various Psychedelic Drugs for the Treatment of Substance Use Disorder.", "normalized_title": "a systematic review and meta analysis investigating the efficacy of various psychedelic drugs for the treatment of substance use disorder", "authors": "Keighley EE, Abo Hamza E, Bedewy DA, Nalla S, Moustafa AA.", "abstract": "Objectives: This study investigates psychedelic drugs to treat substance use disorder (SUD). Researchers have recently begun conducting clinical trials of psychedelic treatment for SUD. The current meta-analysis investigates the extent of efficacy in alleviating SM behaviours (P) using psychedelic therapy (I), concurrent with determining which psychedelic enables the greatest effect (C) as a treatment tool for reducing SUD (O). Methods: The inclusion criteria in this study include evaluating the efficacy of LSD, psilocybin, ketamine, or ibogaine in human beings with an SUD. The exclusion criteria include studies on rodents, patients with schizophrenia, case studies, incomplete or ongoing trials, and studies with insufficient quantitative data. The search criteria obtained 1278 articles, acquired through PubMed and PsycINFO. After excluding literature, 30 papers were kept in the final meta-analysis. A random-effects model analysis was applied to investigate individual psychedelic interventions, with a corresponding combined psychedelic intervention analysis. Results: The results favoured psychedelics as an SM treatment, with ibogaine evidencing the most prominent. We also found a non-significant difference between the effectiveness of psychedelic treatment paired with psychotherapy and psychedelic treatment alone. This study aims to contribute knowledge to future clinical research on the psychedelic treatment of SUD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/healthcare13212668", "pubmed_id": "41228035", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13212668", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41228035\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 391, "title": "Adverse event reporting and management in psilocybin therapy clinical trials: A systematic review to guide clinical and research protocol development.", "normalized_title": "adverse event reporting and management in psilocybin therapy clinical trials a systematic review to guide clinical and research protocol development", "authors": "Bukovsky D, Amaev A, Song J, Kyte S, Carmona-Torres E, Ueno F, Deluca V, Strafella AP, Husain MI, Graff-Guerrero A, Gerretsen P.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a psychedelic prodrug, has gained renewed interest for its potential to treat various psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. While promising, concerns remain regarding its safety profile and the management of potential adverse events (AEs). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the incidence, nature, and severity of adverse events and serious adverse events (SAEs) associated with psilocybin use across diverse clinical populations. A comprehensive search was conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, and APA PsycInfo via the OVID platform, from database inception to June 5, 2024. A total of 42 clinical studies (N = 1068 participants) met inclusion criteria, all of which reported on AEs and/or SAEs following psilocybin administration. All studies were deemed to have a high risk of bias due to concerns regarding blinding. We synthesized information on common, uncommon, and SAEs, instances of suicidal ideation, methods of measuring AEs, and AEs requiring medical intervention. Reported AEs included headache, transient increases in blood pressure, and nausea, which typically resolved on their own. In rare instances, medical intervention was required. SAEs were reported infrequently in 2 of 42 studies and were limited to participants with underlying depressive disorders (e.g., suicidal behaviour, hospitalization). Overall, psilocybin appears to have a favourable safety profile when administered in controlled settings. Based on our findings, we provide an outline of commonly reported AEs, uncommon AEs, SAEs, and considerations for future clinical and research protocols.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111541", "pubmed_id": "41138900", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111541", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Research Design, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41138900\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 148, "title": "Landscape analysis of pre-registered clinical trials involving classical psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "landscape analysis of pre registered clinical trials involving classical psychedelics", "authors": "Uyar A, Forbrich L, Lueken U, Evens R.", "abstract": "Psychedelic clinical research is expanding rapidly. This review analyses the state and trends in psychedelic clinical trial registrations. A systematic search of ClinicalTrials.Gov was conducted on 11 November 2024, to identify registered interventional trials investigating (therapeutic) effects of serotonergic psychedelics (e.g. lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], psilocybin, [5-MeO-]DMT). Analyses included a negative binomial regression to assess time trends and descriptive summaries of study characteristics. Outcomes included registration trends, substance distribution, study phase progression, sample and trial characteristics, geographical distribution and psychotherapy reporting. A total of 241 trials were identified, with registrations rising exponentially after 2006 and an acceleration post-2019. Two-thirds of trials are ongoing or planned. Psilocybin remains the most frequently studied substance and is most advanced towards approval, but short-acting psychedelics ([5-MeO-]DMT) have recently been introduced with a more focused clinical scope. Industry involvement is increasing, though university-led research still dominates. Reports of psychotherapy components increased following 2023 FDA recommendations, though no major improvements in intervention descriptions were observed. The rapid expansion of registered psychedelic clinical trials with diverse indications and substances reflects growing clinical interest. While university-led studies initiated early investigations and established a broad knowledge base, later industry involvement increasingly prioritizes scalability and economic considerations by adopting a focused approach towards clinical approval. Inconsistent reporting of psychotherapeutic components limits cross-study comparability and complicates systematic investigations into which combinations of therapeutic elements (type, timing, intensity) may optimize clinical outcomes. Future efforts should focus on complete and standardized trial reporting at study registration to minimize bias, reduce interpretative ambiguity and facilitate cross-trial comparisons.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251371690", "pubmed_id": "41121524", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251371690", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41121524\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4262, "title": "Is there more to magic mushrooms than psilocybin?", "normalized_title": "is there more to magic mushrooms than psilocybin", "authors": "special to C EN Mara Johnson-Groh", "abstract": "In a suburb of Vancouver, Canada, a nondescript three-story building sits alongside a strip of parking lots. From the outside, it looks like an ordinary commercial office space. But inside is something more extraordinary: rows of shelves stacked with plastic tubs full of magic mushrooms-mushrooms that contain the hallucinogenic chemical psilocybin. In a year, enough psychedelic mushrooms can be produced here to send 80,000 people on hallucinogenic trips.Psilocybin is a regulated, illicit substance in most countries, including Canada. But in this facility, run by Filament Health, the mushrooms are not grown for the black market; they are destined for research and clinical trials. These mushrooms could help determine if something important has been missing from psychedelics research.Psilocybin is a psychedelic compound that, once broken down by the body into psilocin, activates receptors in the brain to unleash a mind-altering experience. After decades of stigmatization, research on psychedelics is finally having a heyday. The research on psilocybin is unveiling its potential to treat challenging mental health conditions like depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and stimulant- and opioid-use disorders.To date, most scientific research on psilocybin has been done with synthetic versions of the compound, not psilocybin from magic mushrooms themselves. Psilocybin was first synthesized in 1958 and synthetic psilocybin has remained the gold standard for testing due to its consistency and cheap production. But a small group of scientists posit that the magic of these mushrooms is more than their psilocybin alone. Over a dozen different compounds have been identified in magic", "journal": "C&EN Global Enterprise", "publication_date": "2025-10-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/cen-10322-feature2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-10322-feature2", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MAGIC (telescope), Hallucinogen, Psychology, Art, Magic bullet, Psychoanalysis, Art history, Lysergic acid diethylamide, The Imaginary, Aesthetics, Criminology, Fetishism, Dozen, Shamanism, Addiction, Wonder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416285937\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416285937\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116407489\",\"display_name\":\"special to C EN Mara Johnson-Groh\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210177211\",\"source_display_name\":\"C&EN Global Enterprise\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-10322-feature2\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416285937" }, { "id": 3050, "title": "Psilocybin in Alcohol Use Disorder Maintains Abstinence Efficacity: A Scoping Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in alcohol use disorder maintains abstinence efficacity a scoping review", "authors": "Suspene J, Huet S, Berteina-Raboin S, Benyamina A, Baril P, Morisset-Lopez S, Serreau R.", "abstract": "Alcohol use disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by excessive alcohol consumption. The drugs that are used to treat it often fail to prevent relapse. At the same time, psilocybin is increasingly being investigated for the treatment of various substance use disorder. This review aims to evaluate the results of the most recent clinical trials assessing psilocybin as a treatment for alcohol use disorder. According to these trials, psilocybin seems to reduce craving but its effect on overall alcohol consumption is less clear. There is no doubt that future trials would benefit from larger sample sizes and standardized tests.", "journal": "Preprints.org", "publication_date": "2025-10-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202510.1355.v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202510.1355.v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1104657\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Preprints.org\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 310, "title": "Contemplating versus having used psychedelics in bipolar disorder - What makes the difference?", "normalized_title": "contemplating versus having used psychedelics in bipolar disorder what makes the difference", "authors": "Vale LN, Ibrahim M, Fávaro-Pereira L, Soares JC, Meyer TD.", "abstract": "In recent years psychedelics have gained popularity and potential promise in the field of mental health, but for patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD), fears of emerging manic or psychotic symptoms have caused investigators to exclude them from psychedelic research. In this observational study, we explore the motivations, expectations, and personality characteristics of individuals with BD who have either used (i.e., experimenters) a classic psychedelic (i.e., psilocybin, LSD) or were considering using (i.e., contemplators) in the near future. We compared so-called experimenters to contemplators across various sociodemographic, psychological, and mental health variables. The groups did not differ in socio-demographic variables or mental health, however, experimenters demonstrated more positive attitudes towards psychedelics and more 'openness to experience.' Furthermore, certain motives for use were more strongly endorsed while contemplators expressed concerns about potential negative effects and outcomes. These findings highlight that previous psychedelic experience is associated with more positive perceptions and motivations for use, which might have also been shaped by the actual experience. While we do not advocate for unsupervised use of psychedelics outside of a clinical setting, the study provides some information what areas need to be discussed with individuals with BD who contemplate using psychedelics, even in the context of a clinical trial.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.120437", "pubmed_id": "41109422", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120437", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Motivation, Bipolar Disorder, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41109422\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Personality Change,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 309, "title": "Cognitive and subjective effects of psilocybin microdosing: Results from two double-blind placebo-controlled longitudinal trials", "normalized_title": "cognitive and subjective effects of psilocybin microdosing results from two double blind placebo controlled longitudinal trials", "authors": "Luisa Prochazkova, Josephine Marschall, Dominique P. Lippelt, Neil R Schon, Martin Kuchař, Bernhard Hommel", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-10-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110722", "pubmed_id": "41110634", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110722", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Cognition, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Cognitive Assessment System, Cognitive psychology, Developmental psychology, Clinical trial, Longitudinal study, Psychotherapist, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415356003\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415356003\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1445627028\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132352519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165364760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346275821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461807154\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903300049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945335566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951080359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990036135\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004910645\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082850425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093109301\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159653784\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200369187\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200583144\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210511938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389269192\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399706347\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010403613\",\"display_name\":\"Luisa Prochazkova\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7992-3603\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030624983\",\"display_name\":\"Josephine Marschall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-2417\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079490873\",\"display_name\":\"Dominique P. Lippelt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120066519\",\"display_name\":\"Neil R Schon\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6488-6432\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084865612\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Kuchař\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7616-6352\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047896814\",\"display_name\":\"Bernhard Hommel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4731-5125\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S160566677\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110722\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Microdosing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415356003" }, { "id": 473, "title": "Biological markers of treatment response to serotonergic psychedelic therapies: a systematic review.", "normalized_title": "biological markers of treatment response to serotonergic psychedelic therapies a systematic review", "authors": "Wong S, Jones BDM, Thiyagarajah MT, Sabbah SG, Thompson C, Solmi M, Umer M, Zrenner C, Voineskos D, Rosenblat JD, Mulsant BH, Blumberger DM, Husain MI.", "abstract": "BackgroundResults from contemporary clinical trials of serotonergic psychedelic therapies have led to an increasing focus on their potential clinical use across mental disorders. However, studies examining mechanisms of clinical response to psychedelic therapy in psychiatric populations are limited. This review aimed to synthesize evidence from studies examining biomarkers of clinical response to psychedelic therapies.Data sources and methodsA systematic search of four databases (MedLine, PsycInfo, EMBASE, and Web of Science) for studies investigating treatment response to psychedelic therapies in psychiatric populations that included both clinical outcomes and a related biomarker was conducted on January 10, 2024. Studies were included if they reported on prospective clinical trials involving the use of a psychedelic in participants diagnosed with any Diagnostic and Statistical Manual or International Classification of Diseases mental disorder, where a biological marker was measured and evaluated in association with treatment response.ResultsNine studies investigating the effects of Ayahuasca and psilocybin in major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression were included in this review. Several potential biomarkers of response were explored through neuroimaging and blood samples, with significant associations found for serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, serum C-reactive protein, cerebral activation of the amygdala, and functional connectivity between regions such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex.ConclusionResults of small studies suggest associations between several putative biomarkers and treatment response to psychedelic therapies. Future trials of psychedelic therapies should integrate biomarker assessment in longitudinal designs to advance the understanding of their mechanism of action in mental disorders.Trial registrationThis study protocol was registered to PROSPERO under the number CRD42021291171.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/20451253251384513", "pubmed_id": "41122434", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253251384513", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41122434\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3640, "title": "A Phase 1 Study of a Second Psilocybin Group Retreat for Partial Responders With Anxiety Associated With Metastatic Cancer", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 study of a second psilocybin group retreat for partial responders with anxiety associated with metastatic cancer", "authors": "University of Washington", "abstract": "This phase I trial tests the safety and side effects of a second episode of psilocybin-assisted group therapy and how well it works in treating anxiety and distress in patients with cancer that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic) and had a partial response to their first retreat. Up to 50% of patients with metastatic cancer have clinically significant anxiety and unaddressed anxiety and distress may add to the suffering caused by cancer itself. Psilocybin, a psychedelic drug, is made using an extract from the psilocybe mushroom, also known as \"magic mushrooms\". Psilocybin binds to serotonin receptors (natural body chemicals that control moods) on brain cells producing intense changes in mood, including anxiety. This may change perceptions and patterns of thinking in ways that may decrease anxiety. Group therapy may reduce stress and improve the well-being and quality of life of patients with metastatic cancer. A second episode of psilocybin-assisted group therapy may be safe, tolerable and or effective in treating anxiety and distress in partial responders with metastatic cancer. OUTLINE: Patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) with optional booster dose on day 0. Patients attend an individual prep visit on day -1 and an individual integration visit on day 1. Patients also attend group preparation visits on days -14, -7 and -1 and group integration visits on days 1, 8, 22 and 36. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 2, 3, and 6 months.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-10-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06644170", "keywords": "Hematopoietic and Lymphatic System Neoplasm, Metastatic Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Behavioral Intervention, Psychedelic therapy, Group Therapy, Psilocybin, Questionnaire Administration, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06644170\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4271, "title": "Control group improvement lower in psilocybin trials for depression", "normalized_title": "control group improvement lower in psilocybin trials for depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "A meta-analysis comprising 17 randomized trials has found that rates of control group improvement in depression studies were lower in psilocybin trials than in studies of esketamine or a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The results suggest that psilocybin's overall efficacy in the treatment of depression might be overestimated.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2025-10-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31371", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31371", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Serotonin, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Reuptake inhibitor, Anesthesia, Treatment-resistant depression, Clinical efficacy, Treatment and control groups, Hallucinogen, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415055785\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415055785\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31371\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415055785" }, { "id": 3575, "title": "Efficacy of Psilocybin and Trazodone Combination in Treatment-resistant Depression: a Randomized Controlled Proof-of-concept Study (PSILOTRAZ)", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin and trazodone combination in treatment resistant depression a randomized controlled proof of concept study psilotraz", "authors": "Centre Hospitalier St Anne", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonin receptor agonist in the brain, significantly and quickly improves depressive symptoms while inducing profound acute subjective effects. The benefit-risk ratio of psilocybin in treatment-resistant depression seems favorable, but needs to be confirmed. Moreover, the role of 5-HT2A receptors, involved in the psychedelic experience, on the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin is still poorly understood. For example, pre-administration of trazodone, a 5-HT2A antagonist antidepressant, could annihilate the acute subjective effects of psilocybin without altering its beneficial effects (Rosenblat et al., 2023). We intend to test this hypothesis by comparing, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the effect of two possible doses of trazodone (total or partial occupancy of 5-HT2A receptors) on the benefit/risk ratio of psilocybin. We hypothesize that the therapeutic effects of psilocybin are partially independent of 5-HT2A receptor activation and thus persist even after total or partial neutralization of its acute subjective effects. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a frequent and potentially severe psychiatric disorder characterized by specific neurocognitive impairments. It has previously been demonstrated that psilocybin, a serotonin receptor agonist in the brain, significantly and quickly improved depressive symptoms while inducing profound acute subjective effects. The benefit-risk ratio of psilocybin in TRD seems favorable, but needs to be confirmed. Moreover, the role of 5-HT2A receptors, involved in the psychedelic experience, on the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin is still poorly understood. For example, pre-administration of trazodone, a 5-HT2A antagonist antidepressant, could annihilate the acute subjective effects of psilocybin without altering its beneficial effects (Rosenblat et al., 2023). We intend to test this hypothesis in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II, monocentric, 4 parallel-group proof-of-concept study involving 112 adult subjects with a depressive episode who had failed to respond to at least two lines of antidepressant treatment. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to one of the following treatment groups: * Group 1: Psilocybin PEX010 (25 mg) + trazodone placebo (pharmaceutical master preparation prepared according to GPP) * Group 2: Psilocybin PEX010 (25 mg) + trazodone 5 mg * Group 3: Psilocybin PEX010 (25 mg) + trazodone 30 mg * Group 4: PCB2 (Placebo of PEX010 (25)) + trazodone 30 mg Stratification factors: gender (M/F).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-10-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07210112", "keywords": "Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Treatment-resistant Depression (TRD), Psilocybin 25 mg per os, Trazodone 5mg, Trazodone 30 mg, Placebo of psilocybin, Placebo of trazodone, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07210112\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4275, "title": "Neurobiological and Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin in Psychiatric Disorders", "normalized_title": "neurobiological and therapeutic potential of psilocybin in psychiatric disorders", "authors": "M Loganathan, A Saravanakumar, P. Parthiban, G Anandharaj, S Gobika, D Dharshana, Mohamed Safir Ali", "abstract": "Psilocybin, an indoleamine alkaloid derived from various fungal species, is the subject of renewed, rigorous investigation for its therapeutic potential in psychiatry. This compound, a prodrug for the active metabolite psilocin, functions primarily as a partial agonist at the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor. Its administration within a structured psychotherapeutic context is associated with rapid and sustained antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, particularly in populations with treatment-resistant depression and existential distress related to life-threatening illnesses. The neurobiological mechanisms are multifaceted, initiated by acute 5-HT2A-mediated disruption of key brain networks, most importantly the Default Mode Network (DMN). This network destabilization correlates with subjective experiences of ego dissolution and is hypothesized to create a state of elevated brain entropy. This acute phase is followed by a period of enhanced neuroplasticity, driven by downstream signaling pathways involving BDNF and mTOR, which promotes synaptogenesis and dendritic spine growth in cortical neurons. This \"window of plasticity\" may facilitate the unlearning of maladaptive cognitive patterns and the formation of new, adaptive associations. Clinical trials demonstrate significant efficacy, though psychological risks necessitate careful screening, preparation, and a supportive therapeutic environment. The translation of psilocybin-assisted therapy from research to clinical practice presents challenges related to protocol optimization, clinician training, and scalability", "journal": "Journal of Pharma Insights and Research.", "publication_date": "2025-10-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.69613/thv1dn30", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.69613/thv1dn30", "keywords": "Context (archaeology), Antidepressant, Neurocognitive, Psychology, Default mode network, Cognition, Psilocybin, Anxiolytic, Medicine, Depression (economics), Neuroscience, Neuroplasticity, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Partial agonist, Psychotherapist, Disengagement theory, Mediator, Pharmacology, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Agonist, Distress, Sedative, Monoaminergic, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416779935\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416779935\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112984043\",\"display_name\":\"M Loganathan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120707612\",\"display_name\":\"A Saravanakumar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101528304\",\"display_name\":\"P. Parthiban\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115659770\",\"display_name\":\"G Anandharaj\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120707613\",\"display_name\":\"S Gobika\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120569896\",\"display_name\":\"D Dharshana\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Mohamed Safir Ali\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404664124\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Pharma Insights and Research.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.69613/thv1dn30\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416779935" }, { "id": 4276, "title": "Legal and Regulatory Barriers to Medical Psilocybin Use: An International Overview", "normalized_title": "legal and regulatory barriers to medical psilocybin use an international overview", "authors": "Mohamad Chweikh", "abstract": "Psilocybin has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for psychiatric and neurological disorders. However, its legal status varies significantly across countries, creating barriers for clinical use and research. This paper provides an international overview of the regulatory landscape governing medical psilocybin, highlighting key legal restrictions, policy challenges, and emerging frameworks that support clinical trials and compassionate use. Understanding these barriers is crucial for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31219/osf.io/dy5cu_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/dy5cu_v1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Engineering ethics, Key (lock), Political science, Public relations, Compassionate Use, Medicine, Clinical trial, Business, MEDLINE, Psychiatry, Medical tourism, Psychology, Public policy, Work (physics), Medical research, Access to medicines, Government (linguistics), Medical care, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414761184\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414761184\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119820251\",\"display_name\":\"Mohamad Chweikh\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/dy5cu_v1\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414761184" }, { "id": 508, "title": "Ethical issues with psychedelic-assisted treatments in psychiatry: A systematic scoping review.", "normalized_title": "ethical issues with psychedelic assisted treatments in psychiatry a systematic scoping review", "authors": "Caporuscio C, Poppe C, Gieselmann A, Repantis D.", "abstract": "Based on promising preliminary results from clinical trials, it seems likely that psychedelic substances (classic serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, and entactogens, such as MDMA) will be introduced into psychiatry as psychedelic-assisted therapy. This also raises a range of ethical questions that urgently need to be addressed before widespread roll-out in society. This scoping review fills a gap in the literature by providing an overview of these ethical issues using a systematic search, presentation, and descriptive analysis of ethical issues in psychedelic-assisted treatments. It includes peer-reviewed studies pertaining to human study participants and psychiatric patients (population), which discuss ethical issues (concept) of psychedelic treatments (context) in clinical trials and other clinical applications. The systematic search included several databases: MEDLINE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, HeinOnline, and PsycArticles. The search strategy, including all identified keywords and index terms, was adapted for each included database. The search was completed in June 2025 and studies published until then in any language were included. After an iterative process of inductive and deductive coding of ethical issues, the scoping review comprises seven themes related to the ethics of psychedelic-assisted treatments: (1) safety and patient well-being, (2) therapeutic relationships, (3) informed consent, (4) equity and access, (5) research ethics, (6) special contexts, and (7) societal and cultural implications. The results can be used to inform and stimulate further discussion and in-depth research on the ethics of psychedelic-assisted treatments, possibly leading to more nuanced debate surrounding a safer and more ethical implementation of psychedelic-assisted treatments in the future.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1017/s0033291725101761", "pubmed_id": "41017267", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291725101761", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41017267\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3507, "title": "An Exploratory Study of Feasibility, Efficacy, and Mechanisms of Mindfulness-Assisted Psychedelic Therapy", "normalized_title": "an exploratory study of feasibility efficacy and mechanisms of mindfulness assisted psychedelic therapy", "authors": "University of Southern California", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to test psilocybin in combination with mindfulness training in healthy adults. The main question it aims to answer is \"Does mindfulness training enhance the effects of psychedelic therapy (psilocybin) on mental health?\" Interested individuals will complete an initial eligibility session and eligible participants will then be randomized into one of two groups: one dose of psilocybin (administered under the supervision of study therapists) combined with 8 weeks of weekly mindfulness training classes (Arm 1) or psilocybin alone (Arm 2). Both groups will complete baseline and post-treatment assessment sessions where they will complete questionnaires, computerized cognitive tests, and have an EEG (a measure of electrical activity in the brain). Both groups will also complete 2 follow-up surveys (at 8 weeks and 1 year after the post-treatment assessment) either online through REDCap or by phone or video call with a research assistant. Psilocybin is a psychoactive compound found in a variety of mushrooms that has been used for centuries to facilitate spiritual experiences. Recent evidence suggests that the combination of psilocybin with mindfulness training may enhance the therapeutic effects of these interventions for mental health; however, to date, only few studies have investigated a combination approach, and no studies have yet investigated the effects of psilocybin in combination with a formal mindfulness training program in participants with little or no prior meditation experience. We propose here to conduct a pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of psilocybin administration in combination with 8 weeks of mindfulness training. Participants (N = 40) will complete an initial eligibility session and eligible participants will then be randomized into one of two groups: psilocybin integrated with mindfulness training (MT) (Arm 1) and psilocybin alone (Arm 2). Both groups will complete baseline and post-treatment assessment sessions where they will complete questionnaires and cognitive assessments. Both groups will also complete 2 brief follow-up surveys (at 8 weeks and 1 year after the post-treatment assessment) either online through REDCap or by phone or video call with a research assistant. The primary feasibility outcome will be retention rate at the 8-week follow-up time point (percent of eligible enrolled participants who complete the 8-week follow-up). Secondary efficacy outcomes include change in psychological and mood measures, blood inflammatory \\& neurotrophic markers and neurocognitive measures (EEG outcomes) from baseline to post-treatment. Safety outcomes will include the number of participants reporting adverse events and the mean severity of events. Logistic regression models will be used to examine the relationships between intervention group and the primary and secondary outcome variables. The results of this pilot study will be used to support a larger NIH and other external grant application as well as the extension of this intervention to clinical populations.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06233344", "keywords": "Mental Health, Psilocybin plus mindfulness training, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06233344\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3262, "title": "“So many relationships in the room”: Participant perspectives on the affordances and challenges of co-therapy in psychedelic assisted therapy", "normalized_title": "so many relationships in the room participant perspectives on the affordances and challenges of co therapy in psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) frequently utilises a “cotherapy” model, in which two therapists jointly support participants or patients through preparation, dosing, and integration sessions. While common in clinical trials, the experience of cotherapy from the participant perspective remains underexplored. This qualitative study examined experiences of cotherapy within a trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for generalised anxiety disorder. Semi-structured interviews with 18 participants (29 interviews in total) were analysed thematically, guided by Affordance Theory to consider how cotherapy dynamics shaped therapeutic possibilities. Three major themes were developed: (1) Dose day cotherapy: safety, trust and the realities of access; (2) Cotherapy influences therapeutic processes; (3) Cotherapy shapes the impact and credibility of therapeutic insights. Together, these findings position cotherapy in PAT as both a safety and supportive measure, and a potentiator of therapeutic processes. In the context of a single site with high levels of clinician qualification and training, participants generally valued cotherapy. Insights from this study can guide clinical practice and future research, so that feasibility and accessibility are enhanced while preserving the safety and therapeutic benefits afforded by cotherapy.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-09-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/4cn5r_v1", "keywords": "clinical practice, cotherapy, Generalised Anxiety Disorder, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted therapy, therapist dyad, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"4cn5r_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3588, "title": "Observational Pilot Study to Explore the Social and Health Impacts of a New Model of Care in Oregon: Psilocybin Services on Alcoholism", "normalized_title": "observational pilot study to explore the social and health impacts of a new model of care in oregon psilocybin services on alcoholism", "authors": "Healing Advocacy Fund", "abstract": "The purpose for this study is to observe the real world experience of participants who are receiving psilocybin in the context of (alcoholism) Alcohol Use Disorder without intervening in the model of care. The study team will engage directly with the participants to examine the outcomes in participants who have been deemed eligible and appropriate to receive psilocybin services at Oregon's Innertrek Patient Service Center (PSC) and who are willing to participate in the People Science pilot study to share their experience concurrently. Since the participant will be making the informed decision to voluntarily take part in this concurrent observational study, there will be no \"doctor-patient\" relationship between the participant and the People Science Study Investigator. Study participants will receive the standard of care and medical management from Oregon's Innertrek Patient Service Center facilitators as deemed appropriate per their existing guidelines and practices. People Science will solely be operating as an observer, using an agnostic research data capture system to collect outcomes and follow participant experiences throughout the course of their treatment journey. The study will incorporate participant-reported outcome measures, questionnaires and surveys. The primary endpoint in collecting study data will be to observe the impact of the Psilocybin-Assisted care model on the frequency of heavy drinking days through quantitative and qualitative data analysis for people who struggle with alcohol use. Non-quantitative narratives will also be captured. Throughout the People Science study observations, participants will be in the direct care of the Oregon Patient Service Center facilitators. Findings from this study will contribute knowledge toward the understanding of the use of psilocybin in individuals with self-described alcoholism (AUD). Alcoholism or Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic and relapsing condition characterized by an inability to control alcohol consumption, leading to significant health, social, and economic consequences. Despite the availability of various treatment modalities, including pharmacotherapies and behavioral interventions, relapse rates remain high, with many individuals failing to achieve long-term abstinence or control. This has spurred interest in exploring novel therapeutic approaches and care models, including the potential use of psychedelic compounds such as psilocybin used in a supportive care environment. Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychoactive substance found in certain species of mushrooms, has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic effects in treating mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. More recently, research has suggested that psilocybin may be beneficial in addressing substance use disorders, including Alcohol Use Disorder. The mechanism by which psilocybin exerts its effects appears to involve the modulation of neural circuits related to mood regulation, behavior, and self-reflection, which can facilitate profound psychological experiences that may promote lasting changes in behavior and cognition. Early clinical trials have shown promising results, indicating that psilocybin, when administered in a therapeutic setting, can reduce alcohol consumption and cravings in individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder. In a study published in Journal of American Medical Association of Psychiatry, researchers from New York University Grossman School of Medicine found that heavy alcohol consumption among people with alcohol use disorders was 83 percent lower among participants who had received psilocybin over an 8-month period following the psilocybin administration and almost half of participants who received psilocybin stopped drinking alcohol altogether. These studies highlight the potential for psilocybin to act as a catalyst for psychological insights and behavioral change when combined with psychotherapy or a calming and supportive environment, offering a new avenue for treatment-resistant cases of Alcohol Use Disorder. In Oregon, excessive alcohol consumption causes 2,000 deaths each year, making it the third leading cause of preventable death in the state. There is a glaring need for support for Oregonians facing alcohol and substance use disorders. Alongside more traditional treatment and harm reduction models, Psilocybin shows promise for treating alcohol and substance disorders. Oregon's state-regulated psilocybin program offers an opportunity to advance real world research on Psilocybin for treating alcohol and substance use disorders. In 2020, Oregon voters approved a ballot measure (Measure 109) to create the world's first state-regulated psilocybin program to improve the physical, mental, and social well-being of all people. The measure required that the Oregon Health Authority (OHA) create a licensing and regulatory framework for a safe, accessible and equitable program. After a two-year rule making period, licensed service centers are now open and providing psilocybin services to clients in Oregon. Psilocybin services are only delivered in licensed service centers, under the supervision of a trained facilitator, and psilocybin can only be consumed in the service center during that supervised session. There are no retail sales, no off-site consumption, possession, or production of psilocybin (outside of licensed manufacturers). The sponsor of this pilot research project is the Healing Advocacy Fund (HAF). HAF is a 501c3 non-profit organization that advocates for safe, affordable state-regulated access to psychedelic services. The Healing Advocacy Fund promotes regulations that create a state psilocybin program that is of high quality, accessible, and maximizes safety; educates stakeholders, policymakers, regulators, and the general public on the Oregon psilocybin program; and serves as a convener for the Oregon psilocybin ecosystem to collaboratively address goals and challenges, organize around shared needs, and deliver services to high standards and best practices. InnerTrek will provide the psilocybin services to individuals who struggle with alcohol use for the pilot. InnerTrek is a psilocybin patient service center located in Portland, Oregon and licensed by the Oregon Health Authority to offer both individual and group psilocybin services, including preparation, administration, and integration sessions. The position of the People Science research team in this setting is to observe the practices and experiences already occurring in the context of the State of Oregon's Psilocybin Services program at the InnerTrek Patient Service Center. People Science will create the questionnaires to be offered to the participants, as well as analyze data on the observation of participants' perspectives.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07189988", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07189988\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 248, "title": "Innovative Pharmacological Approaches to Eating Disorder Treatment.", "normalized_title": "innovative pharmacological approaches to eating disorder treatment", "authors": "Keshen A, Touyz S, Lacroix E, Hay P, McElroy SL.", "abstract": "This article explores innovative pharmacologic treatments for eating disorders, focusing on psychedelics, stimulant medications, and other emerging therapies. Preliminary evidence for psychedelics (eg, psilocybin) highlight their potential to enhance cognitive flexibility and support psychological interventions in some eating disorders (eg, anorexia nervosa). Stimulants like lisdexamfetamine offer benefits for binge-eating disorder, while medications for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and bulimia nervosa remain understudied. The study underscores the need for robust clinical trials to evaluate these approaches and advocates for integrating novel treatments into existing therapeutic frameworks to address the complex biological and psychological dimensions of eating disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.psc.2025.08.014", "pubmed_id": "41708265", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2025.08.014", "keywords": "Humans, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Hallucinogens, Feeding and Eating Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41708265\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 509, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder: A pilot open-label safety and feasibility study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder a pilot open label safety and feasibility study", "authors": "Elizabeth Knock, Krista J. Siefried, Gillinder Bedi, Steven M. Albert, Richard O. Day, Nadine Ezard, Margaret Ross, Paul Liknaitzky, Jonathan Brett", "abstract": "BACKGROUND & AIMS: There are few effective treatments for methamphetamine use disorder, despite increasing global demand. Here, we assessed the safety and feasibility of outpatient psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder. DESIGN: Single arm, open label pilot study. SETTING: Outpatient public stimulant treatment program at St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: We recruited 15 participants that were ≥25 years old, seeking treatment for methamphetamine use, using methamphetamine ≥4 days/month at screening, and without serious mental illness or contraindicated medical conditions or medications. INTERVENTION: Participants received three preparatory psychotherapy sessions over two weeks before a single psilocybin dosing session (25 mg oral), followed by two integration psychotherapy sessions over one week. Psychotherapy included elements of motivational enhancement and acceptance and commitment therapy. Participants were followed for 90 days post psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy session. MEASUREMENTS: Primary endpoints were safety (as measured by adverse events over the trial and vital signs during psilocybin dosing) and feasibility (as measured by enrolment and dropout rates), and secondary endpoints included measuring self-reported methamphetamine and other illicit drug use, drug craving, depression, anxiety, stress and quality of life measures. FINDINGS: Of 56 participants pre-screened, 15 were eligible and enrolled, 14 completed the intervention and 13 completed 90-day post-dose follow-up.\". No serious adverse events (AEs) occurred, and the seven treatment related AEs were self-limiting and mild to moderate in severity. AEs included hypertension during the dosing session and headache (n = 4), nausea (n = 1) and noise sensitivity (n = 1) within the week following the dose. Methamphetamine use (over the prior 28 days) was observed to be lower at screening (median 12 days, IQR7-16, n = 15) relative to day 28 (median 0 days, IQR0-2, n = 13) and 90 (median 2 days, IQR1-4, n = 14) post psilocybin. Methamphetamine craving was also observed to be lower while quality of life, depression, anxiety, and stress were observed to be higher at days 28 and 90 follow-up relative to baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder was feasible to implement in an outpatient setting and did not appear to generate safety concerns. A larger randomised controlled trial is required to confirm efficacy and safety.", "journal": "Addiction", "publication_date": "2025-09-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/add.70187", "pubmed_id": "40974259", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70187", "keywords": "Psychotherapist, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Methamphetamine, Medicine, Psychology, Randomized controlled trial, MEDLINE, Clinical trial, Addiction, Relapse prevention, Hallucinogen, Brief psychotherapy, Depression (economics), Substance use, Pilot trial, Clinical psychology, Ambulatory care, Poison control, Addiction treatment, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414374510\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414374510\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1924347018\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974432571\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992167600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015666695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020646491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037668503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047503435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072839634\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083164476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089165963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093274439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095674834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106369261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130544434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170182466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171048870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2754028604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770006511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945519735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962839503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981405421\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010839704\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112557491\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185477803\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210434317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281687410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324145541\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4372336620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388731626\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390704561\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391840511\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405122998\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411392672\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042111294\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Knock\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040818661\",\"display_name\":\"Krista J. Siefried\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6534-3325\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036812133\",\"display_name\":\"Gillinder Bedi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6718-0099\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049197924\",\"display_name\":\"Steven M. Albert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6786-9956\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067007569\",\"display_name\":\"Richard O. Day\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-6937\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028911674\",\"display_name\":\"Nadine Ezard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7495-8305\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101561809\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3368-6614\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030212190\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Liknaitzky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-2263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090300123\",\"display_name\":\"Jonathan Brett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-7495\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S70513841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Addiction\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70187\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414374510" }, { "id": 4292, "title": "S1 Appendix - Psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider COVID-19-related depression and burnout: A randomized controlled trial", "normalized_title": "s1 appendix psilocybin assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider covid 19 related depression and burnout a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Benjamin R. Lewis (22279166), John Hendrick (22279169), Kevin Byrne (1610821), Madeleine Odette (22279172), Chaorong Wu (8444343), Eric L. Garland (4666660)", "abstract": "Supplement 1. Additional tables presenting primary and secondary outcomes, sensitivity analyses, and exploratory findings. Table A1. ITT analyses for QIDS-SR-16 and MBI-HSS-MP. Table A2. Adjusted ITT analyses for QIDS-SR-16 and MBI-HSS-MP. Table B1. Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Demoralization Scale (DSII) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Table B2. Adjusted Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for DSII PCL-5. Table C1. Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Watt’s Connectedness Scale (WCS-GC). Table C2. Adjusted Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Watt’s Connectedness Scale (WCS-GC). Table D1. Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Watt’s Connectedness Scale Subscales. Table D2. Adjusted Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Watt’s Connectedness Scale Subscales. Table E. p-values for Time × Study Arm interaction across all time points. Table F. Simple Effects for significant interaction results (ITT Analysis). Table G. Preference and Expectancy Measures. Table H. Bivariate Fit of Change in Outcome Measures by Experiential Questionnaires. Table I. Bivariate Fit of Change in Outcome Measures by Experiential Questionnaires by study arm. Table J. Correlations between outcome measures from baseline to 2-week endpoint. Table K. FDR-adjusted p-values for secondary outcome measures. Table L. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for QIDS-SR-16. Table M. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for MBI(EE). Table N. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for MBI (DP). Table O. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for MBI (PA). Table P. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for WCS(GC). Table Q. EM Covariances (Little’s MCAR test). Table R. Per-Protocol Analysis for QIDS-SR-16 and MBI-HSS-MP. Table S. Simple effect for significant interaction results, per-protocol analysis. Supplement 2. Group psilocybin protocol outlining preparatory sessions, dosing protocol, and integration sessions. Text A. Intervention Structure. Text B. Guided Meditations and Guided Imagery. Text C. Citations. (DOCX)", "journal": "Figshare", "publication_date": "2025-09-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519.s001", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/S1_Appendix_-_Psilocybin-assisted_group_psychotherapy_and_mindfulness-based_stress_reduction_for_frontline_healthcare_provider_COVID-19-related_depression_and_burnout_A_randomized_controlled_trial/30170132", "keywords": "Randomized controlled trial, Social connectedness, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Bivariate analysis, Outcome (game theory), Patient-reported outcome, Medicine, Physical therapy, Checklist, Scale (ratio), Expectancy theory, Intention-to-treat analysis, DASS, Exploratory analysis, Intervention (counseling), Brief psychotherapy, Repeated measures design, Depression (economics), Distress, Multilevel model, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Research design, Treatment and control groups, Confounding, Metric (unit), Clinical trial, Anxiety, Self-efficacy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110952270\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110952270\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Benjamin R. Lewis (22279166)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"John Hendrick (22279169)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Kevin Byrne (1610821)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Madeleine Odette (22279172)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Chaorong Wu (8444343)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Eric L. Garland (4666660)\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196282\",\"source_display_name\":\"Figshare\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/S1_Appendix_-_Psilocybin-assisted_group_psychotherapy_and_mindfulness-based_stress_reduction_for_frontline_healthcare_provider_COVID-19-related_depression_and_burnout_A_randomized_controlled_trial/30170132\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7110952270" }, { "id": 512, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider COVID-19-related depression and burnout: A randomized controlled trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider covid 19 related depression and burnout a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Benjamin R. Lewis, John Hendrick, Kevin Byrne, Madeleine Odette, Chaorong Wu, Eric L. Garland", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Depression and burnout, which are common among healthcare workers, were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and psilocybin have been reported to reduce depressive symptoms, but the efficacy of the combination requires comparison to an active treatment control. We sought to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin and MBSR versus MBSR alone for frontline healthcare providers with symptoms of depression and burnout related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that psilocybin would augment the antidepressant effects of MBSR in this population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial that enrolled physicians and nurses with frontline clinical work during the COVID-19 pandemic and symptoms of depression and burnout. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05557643) Participants were enrolled between January 2nd, 2023 and January 16th, 2024, and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either an 8-week MBSR curriculum alone or an 8-week MBSR curriculum plus group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) with 25 mg psilocybin. Evaluation of safety and feasibility of enrollment and retention was a primary objective of the study. The primary efficacy endpoint was change in depressive symptoms, as measured by the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR-16) at 2 weeks post-intervention. Symptoms of depression and burnout were assessed at baseline, and 2 weeks and 6 months post-intervention utilizing the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR-16) and Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Professionals (MBI-HSS-MP), respectively. Secondary outcome measures included the Demoralization Scale (DS-II) and the Watt's Connectedness Scale (WCS). Adverse events (AEs) and suicidality were assessed through a 6-month follow-up. Twenty-five participants were enrolled and randomized. Safety was a study outcome and assessed by rate and severity of AEs and any incident suicidality or significant mental health symptoms. Baseline and outcome data were summarized using descriptive statistics, with continuous variables reported as means and standard deviations. We recorded 12 study-related, Grade 1-2 AEs and no serious AEs. In a linear mixed model analysis (LMM), the MBSR + PAP arm evidenced a significantly larger decrease in QIDS-SR-16 score than the MBSR-only arm from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention (between-groups effect = 4.6, 95% CI [1.51, 7.70]; p = 0.008). This effect waned at the 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcome measures for burnout (subscales of the MBI-HSS-MP), demoralization (DS II), and connectedness (WCS) favored the MBSR + PAP arm; however, these effects did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. A mixed RM-ANCOVA was conducted to control for baseline differences in outcome measures. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, adjusting for baseline differences in gender and clustering within group cohorts. Study limitations that affect the generalizability of results include a small sample size, homogenous study population, and significant differences in intervention intensity. CONCLUSIONS: This trial met its primary endpoint: group psilocybin-assisted therapy plus MBSR was associated with clinically significant improvement in depressive symptoms without serious AEs and with greater reduction in symptoms than MBSR alone. Our findings suggest that integrating psilocybin with mindfulness training may represent a promising treatment for depression and burnout among physicians and nurses. Larger trials are needed to establish efficacy, generalizability, and durability of these effects.", "journal": "PLoS Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-09-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519", "pubmed_id": "40972137", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519", "keywords": "Mindfulness-based stress reduction, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Mindfulness, Depression (economics), Stress reduction, Health care, Physical therapy, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Quality of life (healthcare), Burnout, Group psychotherapy, MEDLINE, Alternative medicine, Clinical psychology, Primary care, Mental health, Major depressive disorder, Pharmacotherapy, Stress management, Psychotherapist, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414366251\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414366251\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978969044\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983742160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017152382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124126925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2488757378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886043371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990800371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014277121\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021065879\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088381375\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095596619\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136469907\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163282265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3198977306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207929442\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281899337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285392796\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286790062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317355030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380082779\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380740293\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384563223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388418934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393183693\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396813127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405176234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407394179\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062983107\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin R. Lewis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0118-1053\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084238679\",\"display_name\":\"John Hendrick\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047333818\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin Byrne\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0409-5273\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047851156\",\"display_name\":\"Madeleine Odette\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-8324\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042522991\",\"display_name\":\"Chaorong Wu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-0978\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033325414\",\"display_name\":\"Eric L. Garland\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2891-857X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S197939330\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414366251" }, { "id": 511, "title": "Evolution and Comparative Analysis of Clinical Trials on Psilocybin in the Treatment of Psychopathologies: Trends in the EU and the US", "normalized_title": "evolution and comparative analysis of clinical trials on psilocybin in the treatment of psychopathologies trends in the eu and the us", "authors": "Anastasia Calin, Ana Flavia Burlec, Cornelia Mircea, Irina Macovei, Monica Hăncianu, Andreia Corciovă", "abstract": "Background/Objectives: This study examines the development of clinical trials investigating psilocybin for the treatment of psychopathologies, with a comparative focus on the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). The objective is to identify regional differences in trial progression, research infrastructure, and regulatory frameworks. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was applied, combining case studies, qualitative and quantitative research. Key variables included trial phase, geographical distribution, demographic factors, funding, governmental support, and public health policies. Results: The US demonstrated a substantially higher number of psilocybin trials across both early and advanced phases. This reflects a strong research infrastructure, growing financial investment, and increasing interest in psychedelic-assisted therapies. In contrast, the EU showed fewer trials and slower advancement, reflecting a more cautious stance that emphasizes patient safety and therapeutic efficacy. These divergences are shaped by differences in regulation, funding mechanisms, and sociocultural attitudes toward psychedelics in psychiatry. Conclusion: This comparative analysis highlights the uneven pace of psilocybin research across different regions. It also emphasizes the importance of international collaboration, harmonization of public health policies, and the development of standardized procedures prioritizing safety and effectiveness. Integrating psilocybin-assisted interventions into psychiatric practice has the potential to expand treatment options and strengthen mental health care, but coordinated global efforts are essential to ensure both scientific rigor and patient protection.", "journal": "Journal of Clinical Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-09-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/jcm14186613", "pubmed_id": "41010814", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14186613", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Clinical trial, Harmonization, European union, Public health, Pace, Mental health, Psychological intervention, Psychiatry, Sociocultural evolution, Standardization, Alternative medicine, MEDLINE, Drug development, Health care, Clinical study design, Public relations, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414341779\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414341779\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2033580394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042181481\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110747672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161339188\",\"https://openalex.org/W2291443053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2337964085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2491859250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2831064708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940033607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200757480\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200405004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211189621\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282931386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382010877\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386314831\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391879161\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400311237\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401512431\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406246123\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406850204\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407595168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408151066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414123257\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Anastasia Calin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035008326\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Flavia Burlec\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6675-2796\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034639074\",\"display_name\":\"Cornelia Mircea\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1981-8246\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052835824\",\"display_name\":\"Irina Macovei\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2827-3217\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055827335\",\"display_name\":\"Monica Hăncianu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2571-681X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017793460\",\"display_name\":\"Andreia Corciovă\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4061-2143\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737969411\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Clinical Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14186613\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414341779" }, { "id": 3709, "title": "PRoMiSS: Psilocybin and the Role of Music in Set and Setting", "normalized_title": "promiss psilocybin and the role of music in set and setting", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to understand how personally meaningful, autobiographically salient music compares to standardized playlists when combined with psilocybin in healthy adults ages 21 to 75. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does autobiographically salient music lead to stronger emotional responses to music, greater acute subjective effects, and more lasting improvements in mood, affect, and well-being compared to standardized or ambient playlists? How are brain and body responses - including EEG activity, respiration, heart rate, and skin conductance - influenced by autobiographically salient music under psilocybin? Do brain and body responses to specific music features differ when the music is autobiographically salient compared to non-salient playlists? Researchers will compare five music conditions: three conditions where an 80-minute block of autobiographically salient music is placed at different points in the 6-hour psilocybin session (0-80 minutes, 80-160 minutes, or 240-320 minutes), a standardized Johns Hopkins psilocybin playlist, and an ambient playlist with no autobiographical content. Participants will: * Take a single oral dose of psilocybin (25 mg) during one study session * Listen to one of the five music conditions while reclining in a comfortable setting * Complete questionnaires about emotions, acute, subjective effects, insight, etc. * Undergo EEG and physiological monitoring (respiration, heart rate, skin conductance) during the session * Complete MRI brain scans before the session and 1 week after psilocybin * Return for follow-ups at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after psilocybin * At 1 month, complete a qualitative interview and a nondrug EEG music listening session, where the participant's hear either music from the participant's own psilocybin session or music from another participant's session Classic psychedelics such as psilocybin reliably alter consciousness, producing changes in perception, emotion, and meaning-making. Music has long been recognized as an important component of psychedelic therapy, serving to guide the experience and shape its trajectory. However, little is known about how different types of music influence outcomes, particularly music that is personally meaningful to participants. This study will investigate the effects of autobiographically salient (AS) music compared to standardized playlists during high-dose psilocybin sessions. The goal is to understand how personally relevant music modulates acute subjective experiences, emotional responses, and longer-term psychological outcomes. In addition, the study will examine brain and body responses to music under psilocybin, including how these responses differ when music is autobiographically salient. The central questions are whether AS music enhances emotional depth, psychological insight, and well-being more than non-autobiographical playlists, and whether the timing of AS music during the session influences these effects. Participants will be followed up after the psilocybin session to assess both short-term and longer-term outcomes, including well-being, mood, and meaning-making. This trial represents one of the first controlled investigations into how personalized music contributes to the therapeutic potential of psychedelics. Findings may help optimize music-based interventions in psychedelic therapy and improve understanding of the role of music in shaping altered states of consciousness.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07180108", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Music Intervention, Psilocybin (high dose), DMF#037635 (Type II), Purisys LLC, Psilocybin Drug Substance, Playlist 1, Playlist 2, Playlist 3, Playlist 4, Playlist 5, ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07180108\",\"overall_status\":\"ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 487, "title": "Dynamic myocardial injury and variable hallucination latency in Psilocybe keralensis poisoning: a molecularly confirmed case series from China", "normalized_title": "dynamic myocardial injury and variable hallucination latency in psilocybe keralensis poisoning a molecularly confirmed case series from china", "authors": "Zhifan He, Rui Tang, Min Feng, Xiaohui Li, Changhong Zhang, Jing Li", "abstract": "Introduction Psychoactive Psilocybe spp. mushrooms pose significant public health risks. We report a cluster of Psilocybe keralensis poisonings in Chengdu, China, highlighting its unique clinical features and cardiovascular complications.Case Series Four patients ingested 16-90 g of wild mushrooms (misidentified as an edible species, but later molecularly confirmed as Psilocybe keralensis). Prodromal symptoms (e.g., dizziness) emerged within 5-20 min, but the onset of hallucinations varied widely (10-180 min). All patients developed hypertension (systolic blood pressure >150 mmHg), with one patient exhibiting rapid blood pressure elevation to 182/110 mmHg at 4 h post-ingestion, which was accompanied by evidence of myocardial injury (peak cardiac troponin T concentration 188.70 pg/mL [reference range", "journal": "Clinical Toxicology", "publication_date": "2025-09-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/15563650.2025.2552438", "pubmed_id": "40948398", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2025.2552438", "keywords": "Medicine, Identification (biology), Comorbidity, Psilocybin, Latency (audio), Public health, Variable (mathematics), Psychiatry, Medical emergency, Audiology, China, Psychology, Psychosis, Warning signs, Electroencephalography, MEDLINE, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Poison control, Intensive care medicine, Computer science, Anhedonia, Clinical trial, Neuroscience, Case series, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Hallucinations in medical conditions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414167818\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414167818\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2010427019\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169910517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551258974\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321596086\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390725475\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391511952\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046541811\",\"display_name\":\"Zhifan He\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4163-1339\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045106460\",\"display_name\":\"Rui Tang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-7283\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113601629\",\"display_name\":\"Min Feng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100338521\",\"display_name\":\"Xiaohui Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-9644\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101752887\",\"display_name\":\"Changhong Zhang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100337049\",\"display_name\":\"Jing Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0961-0932\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S101107869\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Toxicology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2025.2552438\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Case Report,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414167818" }, { "id": 476, "title": "Psilocybin Enhances Cued Fear Extinction and Extinction Recall in Stress-Naïve, Acutely Stressed, and Chronically Stressed Mice", "normalized_title": "psilocybin enhances cued fear extinction and extinction recall in stress naïve acutely stressed and chronically stressed mice", "authors": "John A. Razidlo, Noelle Cataldo, Cody J. Wenthur", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics have shown promise in clinical trials for treating an array of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Despite these findings, our understanding of how these drugs mechanistically exert their therapeutic effects remains incomplete. While researchers have regularly employed rodent preclinical models to assess such mechanisms, many of these findings arise from stress-naïve animals. Given that prior environmental stress is a critical component for the mental health disorders being studied in clinical trials of psychedelics, understanding the performance of these drugs in animals previously exposed to acute or chronic stress is of strong translational relevance. In this study, we examined the effects of psilocybin in male mice that were stress-naïve, as well as in those that underwent either single-prolonged stress (SPS) or chronic restraint stress (CRS). The effects of these treatments on corticosterone release, extinction of freezing behavior, and recall of extinction in Pavlovian fear conditioning were examined for each group. We observed that psilocybin challenge transiently increased serum corticosterone in stress-naïve mice relative to saline; however, this effect was not observed in SPS and CRS animals. Interestingly, psilocybin treatment enhanced fear extinction and promoted extinction recall 24 h later not only in stress-naïve animals but also in stressed animals. These findings indicate psilocybin's ability to acutely enhance fear extinction and promote enhanced extinction recall across animals with diverse environmental stress experiences prior to exposure.", "journal": "ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science", "publication_date": "2025-09-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.5c00462", "pubmed_id": "41244305", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.5c00462", "keywords": "Extinction (optical mineralogy), Psilocybin, Recall, Serotonergic, Anxiety, Neuroscience, Fear conditioning, Psychology, Corticosterone, Exposure therapy, Stressor, Cued speech, Medicine, Infralimbic cortex, Amygdala, Chronic stress, Conditioning, Fluoxetine, Developmental psychology, Cognition, Depression (economics), Freezing behavior, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Classical conditioning, Mediator, Serotonin, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414130775\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414130775\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1520014704\",\"https://openalex.org/W1547500656\",\"https://openalex.org/W1547865271\",\"https://openalex.org/W1641610789\",\"https://openalex.org/W1859587519\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978891587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983954953\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996216020\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032476754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042393288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070508185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113167245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118659222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136341379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142277208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159338408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165937541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2236432672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285774466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581848244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2754408186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799742551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799830923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911340901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954767806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955504961\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962664096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985647112\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991390907\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008102555\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046852106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096045630\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3148351968\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178121559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184493436\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224257950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232755968\",\"https://openalex.org/W4241544471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294631080\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321429266\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385257581\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385396235\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385479997\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387047256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389428451\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390973319\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394872761\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396580667\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401212791\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405287906\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405738640\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406131830\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409310214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410755082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412424249\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057449473\",\"display_name\":\"John A. Razidlo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9108-2253\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005483548\",\"display_name\":\"Noelle Cataldo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1076-1534\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077505426\",\"display_name\":\"Cody J. Wenthur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-3842\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210207642\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.5c00462\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414130775" }, { "id": 3699, "title": "Measurement of Serum Cytokine Levels in Samples Collected as Part of a Clinical Trial of Psilocybin for Treatment-resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "measurement of serum cytokine levels in samples collected as part of a clinical trial of psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "King's College London", "abstract": "About one in three people with major depression respond poorly to standard antidepressant treatments. This kind of depression is called treatment-resistant depression, and it can lead to long-term disability, financial challenges, and a higher risk of suicide. Psilocybin-a compound found in certain mushrooms-has shown early promise as a new treatment for this difficult-to-treat depression. Scientists believe it works by affecting a specific brain receptor (called 5-HT2A), which helps the brain become more flexible and adaptable. But there's another possible mechanism of psilocybin that hasn't been studied much: its ability to influence the immune system. Recent research suggests that inflammation in the body might play a role in depression, especially when treatments don't work. High levels of certain inflammatory markers (called cytokines) are linked to poor response to antidepressants, while lower levels are tied to feeling better. Psilocybin may help reduce this inflammation, which could be part of why it helps some people feel better. Still, we don't fully understand how a person's inflammation levels before treatment, and how those levels change afterward, relate to how well psilocybin works. Figuring this out could help doctors better match patients to psychedelic therapy and discover new ways to treat depression. In this study, blood samples from a recent study (called the PsiDeR trial) that tested psilocybin in people with treatment-resistant depression will be analyzed. Cytokine levels in these blood samples, as well as levels of another type of molecule linked to inflammation, called mRNA, will be measured. Chronic and elevated inflammation is associated with depression. Depressed patients tend to have raised inflammatory markers compared to healthy controls, and studies have reported that the greatest elevation is seen in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Previous studies highlight the bidirectional relationship between inflammation and depression. Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines are linked to poor antidepressant response, while reductions in these markers are associated with symptom improvement. While neuroinflammation may play a role in the pathophysiology of depression, inflammation is also a causal risk factor for physical illnesses that are often co-morbid with depression, such as cardiovascular disease. As such, targeting inflammation in patients with depression may have significant implications for both their mental and physical health. Psychedelics are emerging as a potential new class of therapeutic agents for psychiatric illness, including depression. It has been suggested that their therapeutic effect may partly be due to reducing inflammation. Psychedelics have been shown reduce markers of inflammation in models of human inflammatory disease, both in vitro and in vivo. While, as might be expected, psilocybin was not found to reduce markers of inflammation in healthy human volunteers, in a clinical sample of people with treatment-resistant depression, use of ayahuasca (containing the psychedelic N,N DMT) resulted in a significant reduction in CRP levels compared to participants given placebo, with the reduction in CRP levels significantly correlated with a reduction in depressive symptoms. Ayahuasca consists of an admixture of multiple different compounds. As such, the relative contribution of the psychedelic to the anti-inflammatory effect that was observed is unknown. The effect of isolated psychedelic compounds such as psilocybin on the systemic inflammatory state of patients, specifically patients with depression, therefore, remains to be investigated. Psilocybin's capacity to reduce inflammation, as evidenced in preclinical models, may be a crucial mechanism underlying its therapeutic effects. Moreover, while it is recognised that baseline inflammation levels can influence the effectiveness of conventional antidepressants, it is unclear whether this is also the case for psilocybin. This study aims to evaluate serum cytokine and inflammatory-related mRNA levels in samples collected from participants with TRD who took part in the (Psi)locybin in (De)pression (R)esistant to Standard Treatments (PsiDeR) Trial, and the relationships between these and psilocybin treatment response. PsiDeR was a randomised, placebo-controlled trial of psilocybin as a treatment for TRD that has now completed.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07164755", "keywords": "Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07164755\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3571, "title": "Effect of Psilocybin Only and Psilocybin Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the Management of Major Depressive Disorder and Associated Metabolic, Immune, Inflammatory, Neuroplasticity and Electrical Activity Markers: a Randomized Controlled Trial", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin only and psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy in the management of major depressive disorder and associated metabolic immune inflammatory neuroplasticity and electrical activity markers a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Khyber Medical University Peshawar", "abstract": "This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of psilocybin and psilocybin-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in the management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The study aims to compare the effects of psilocybin-only therapy, CBT, and psilocybin-assisted CBT on depression symptoms, neurochemical markers, inflammatory markers, and neuroplasticity in individuals with MDD. Participants will continue their routine depression medications and will be assessed for changes in depression scores, biochemical markers, and brain activity patterns using validated tools and tests. This single-masked randomized controlled trial investigates novel therapeutic interventions for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). MDD is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with a significant proportion of patients being treatment-resistant or showing only partial response to conventional antidepressants. Emerging evidence suggests that psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, has potential as a rapid-acting antidepressant. The study will recruit 60 participants meeting DSM-V criteria for MDD, randomized into four groups: Control group (Conventional therapy only), Psilocybin therapy group, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) group, and Psilocybin-assisted CBT group. Participants will receive interventions over 10 weeks, with psilocybin administered in two heroic doses six weeks apart, and CBT delivered in 8-10 structured sessions. Biochemical and neurochemical markers such as CD4/CD8 ratio, TNF-α, IL-6, BDNF, and oxytocin will be measured, along with inflammatory markers (resistin and visfatin). Depression scores will be assessed using scales like HAM-D, MADRS, and BDI. EEG recordings will evaluate changes in brain activity pre- and post-intervention. The primary objective is to assess improvements in depression symptoms, while secondary objectives include evaluating changes in immune, inflammatory, and neurochemical markers and EEG activity. Data will be analyzed using ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc tests to determine statistical significance.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06746441", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Psilocin (the active form of psilocybin metabolized in the body), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06746441\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4304, "title": "PSYCHEDELICS IN PSYCHIATRY - OVERVIEW OF PSILOCYBIN RESEARCH", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in psychiatry overview of psilocybin research", "authors": "Anna Blazhkova, Magdalena Czaja, Hanna Sitka, Sven Solisch, Anna Susłow, Ewa Szczęsna", "abstract": "Introduction: Recently, there has been a significant increase in interest in the use of psychedelics for various psychiatric conditions. Psilocybin is receiving particular attention as a psychoactive substance with significant therapeutic potential. Recent research focuses on its possible benefits in the treatment of major depressive disorders (MDD) and anorexia nervosa (AN). Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in treating MDD and AN by analyzing its mechanism of action, clinical trials results and further implications of PAT. Materials and methods: An overview of 26 articles sourced from PubMed and open-access databases was conducted, with a focus on randomized controlled trials, neurobiological mechanisms and also exploratory research. Conclusions: Psilocybin and PAT demonstrated significant antidepressant effects, enhancing neuroplasticity, connectivity and cognitive flexibility. While evidence in MDD is significantly more established, preliminary findings in AN are promising, but still require further controlled clinical trials. Psilocybin represents a novel approach to treatment of MDD and AN.", "journal": "International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science", "publication_date": "2025-08-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3650", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3650", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413888032\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413888032\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2749043159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994058197\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185477803\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205506305\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308953446\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381548553\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383820109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390732376\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395110324\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403620011\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408765639\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409824886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410350230\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410487155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410539818\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411265929\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411302754\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411347440\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115836808\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Blazhkova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5105758586\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Czaja\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093527438\",\"display_name\":\"Hanna Sitka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3175-1305\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114721230\",\"display_name\":\"Sven Solisch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115836809\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Susłow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115836811\",\"display_name\":\"Ewa Szczęsna\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210206754\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3650\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413888032" }, { "id": 483, "title": "Psilocybin with psychotherapeutic support for treatment-resistant depression: a pilot clinical trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin with psychotherapeutic support for treatment resistant depression a pilot clinical trial", "authors": "Sally Meikle, Olivia Carter, Paul Liknaitzky, Lauren Johansen, Ravi Iyer, Nigel Strauss, M.L. Williams, David Castle, Susan L. Rossell", "abstract": "Background: Depressive disorders are a major global health challenge, with many individuals unresponsive to existing treatments. Novel psychedelic therapies show promise but require further research. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of psilocybin with psychotherapeutic support for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), investigate predictors of treatment outcomes and deepen understanding of individual variability in response. Design: Open-label, single-arm pilot trial with mixed-methods assessment. Methods: Treatment consisted of two 25 mg psilocybin sessions, alongside three preparatory and six integration sessions. Depression severity was assessed using the self-rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology at 3 weeks (primary endpoint) and at 20 weeks post-dose 2 (long-term follow-up). Potential predictors of clinical outcomes were evaluated using questionnaires, and qualitative interviews were used to capture individual experiences. Results: = 0.02; Hedges' g = -1.27; 95% CI [-2.40, -0.37]) and maintained long-term. Individual participant data revealed diverse response patterns. Two participants displayed a sustained treatment response, three relapsed, and two exhibited no substantial improvement. Exploratory analyses identified mindset prior to dosing, spiritual experiences and perceptual shifts during dosing as predictors of treatment trajectory, while treatment expectations were not a reliable predictor. Adverse events were largely consistent with previous studies, with no serious adverse events. Conclusion: Findings add to the growing evidence base for psilocybin therapy and provide direction for further research on individual variability in response to better tailor treatments and enhance efficacy. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621001097831).", "journal": "Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-08-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/20451253251377187", "pubmed_id": "41050149", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253251377187", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, MEDLINE, Pilot trial, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414745551\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414745551\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1480828298\",\"https://openalex.org/W1560134422\",\"https://openalex.org/W1730751745\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039518223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047503435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085758661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093627832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166423316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2253311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397862430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2429180991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537963806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766521428\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767725891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2777253753\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795594181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810880335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896003347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919124707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964840460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167074068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210887564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236206848\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289841582\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4368356691\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381598621\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387115576\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390674606\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391734876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391953134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401184397\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410132242\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033945101\",\"display_name\":\"Sally Meikle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-141X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060157509\",\"display_name\":\"Olivia Carter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-6154\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030212190\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Liknaitzky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-2263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029788824\",\"display_name\":\"Lauren Johansen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1180-0428\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066637196\",\"display_name\":\"Ravi Iyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7699-0846\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044554133\",\"display_name\":\"Nigel Strauss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010417984\",\"display_name\":\"M.L. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-3008\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052884442\",\"display_name\":\"David Castle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-1580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073606057\",\"display_name\":\"Susan L. Rossell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-8252\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2765027927\",\"source_display_name\":\"Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253251377187\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414745551" }, { "id": 361, "title": "Investigating the safety and tolerability of single-dose psilocybin for post-traumatic stress disorder: A nonrandomized open-label clinical trial", "normalized_title": "investigating the safety and tolerability of single dose psilocybin for post traumatic stress disorder a nonrandomized open label clinical trial", "authors": "Niall M. McGowan, James Rucker, Rachel Yehuda, Manish Agrawal, Nadav Liam Modlin, Hollie Simmons, Agata Tofil-Kaluza, Shriya Das, Guy M. Goodwin", "abstract": "Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition for which there are few efficacious treatments. Psilocybin is being studied for use in treatment-resistant depression but has not yet been investigated in PTSD. Aims: The trial’s primary outcome was to investigate the safety and tolerability of single-dose psilocybin in participants with PTSD. Methods: This was a Phase 2, nonrandomized, open-label, multicenter trial. Secondary outcomes were changes in PTSD symptoms (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5); PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)), functional impairment (Sheehan Disability Scale; SDS) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L index score). Results: Amongst the 22 participants enrolled (63.6% female; mean (SD) age, 39.0 (7.91) years), there was a total of 117 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs); 70 (59.8%) were reported on administration day, of which 64/70 (91.4%) resolved by the end of the next day. TEAEs commonly included headache ( n = 11; 50.0%), nausea ( n = 8; 36.4%), crying ( n = 6; 27.3%) and fatigue ( n = 6; 27.3%). There were no serious TEAEs or TEAEs leading to study withdrawal. Pre-post comparisons indicated a clinically meaningful change from Baseline in mean CAPS-5 total score at Week 4 (−29.9 (14.06)) and Week 12 (−29.5 (15.43)), which was associated with the intensity of psychedelic experience on Day 1. PCL-5 scores showed symptom reduction was rapid and sustained until Week 12. SDS total score and EQ-5D-5L index score showed similar improvements. Conclusions: Psilocybin at a dose of 25 mg, administered with psychological support, may be safe, well-tolerated and associated with symptomatic improvement in adults with PTSD. Further investigation is warranted. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05312151 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05312151)", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-08-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251362390", "pubmed_id": "40883964", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251362390", "keywords": "Tolerability, Psilocybin, Open label, Traumatic stress, Psychology, Medicine, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Anesthesia, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Adverse effect, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413839750\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413839750\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":10,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W78677904\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976447964\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979826898\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057489037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132981258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473786944\",\"https://openalex.org/W2550807593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588077070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592166393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598895258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604674575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612417324\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766807714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899448494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912922214\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912959213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948678705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950709739\",\"https://openalex.org/W2961809588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970546318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991873828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993548698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994854287\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008102555\",\"https://openalex.org/W3041627357\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082872736\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125332567\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197569079\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211189621\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224257950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282919933\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292737458\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383186500\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386740988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390628394\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062136892\",\"display_name\":\"Niall M. McGowan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8183-8558\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088026153\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Yehuda\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-677X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037169539\",\"display_name\":\"Nadav Liam Modlin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119481589\",\"display_name\":\"Agata Tofil-Kaluza\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048446187\",\"display_name\":\"Shriya Das\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3988-6326\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251362390\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413839750" }, { "id": 3485, "title": "A Phase 2 Single-site, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial With an Open-label Extension Phase to Examine the Safety, Subjective Experiences, Acute Effects, and Suitability of Psilocybin Combined With Psychological Support (Psi-PS) for Military Veterans and First Responders With Co-occurring Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 single site double blind placebo controlled randomized clinical trial with an open label extension phase to examine the safety subjective experiences acute effects and suitability of psilocybin combined with psychological support psi ps for military veterans and first responders with co occurring alcohol use disorder aud and posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd", "authors": "Nathan Brashares Sackett", "abstract": "This study is a phase 2 single-site, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial with an open-label extension phase to examine the safety of psilocybin (25 mg) combined with psychological support (Psi-PS) for treatment of approximately 40 military veterans and first responders (ages 21-65) with co-occurring alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Psychological support is defined as providing safety, reassurance, active listening, and empathetic presence during the drug administration session in a nondirective manner. We hypothesize that Psi-PS may provide a safe treatment for participants. The primary objective of study is to characterize the safety of psilocybin combined with psychological support (Psi-PS) for individuals with co-occurring alcohol use disorder (AUD) and PTSD. There is growing evidence suggesting that psychedelic drugs, when paired with therapy, may constitute a safe and effective form of treating a diverse range of psychopathological issues such as alcohol use disorder (AUD) and PTSD (Bogenschutz et al., 2015, 2022; Dakwar et al., 2020; Grabski et al., 2022; Mitchell et al., 2021, 2023). However, to date, no studies have explored any form of psychedelic-assisted therapy in the treatment of patients with co-occurring AUD and PTSD, despite high rates of comorbidity. This study will be the first of its kind to evaluate the safety of psilocybin paired with therapy to target symptoms of comorbid AUD and PTSD. Data derived from this clinical trial will help shed light on whether Psi-PS may be safe for those suffering from both PTSD and AUD. Taken together, we propose the following primary, secondary, and exploratory objectives: 1. Primary Objective: Characterize the safety of psilocybin combined with psychological support (Psi-PS) for participants during the drug administration session (DAS) while the drug's acute effects are ongoing, approximately 24 hours after the DAS when the drug's acute effects have subsided, and approximately one-week post-DAS. 2. Exploratory Objective: (1) Explore the subjective experiences of Psi-PS within approximately 24 hours following the DAS, i.e., when the drug's acute effects have subsided, approximately one-week following the DAS, and at follow-up at approximately three-months. (2) Assess acute effects of Psi-PS on a range of variables at baseline and weeks 1, 2, 4, 12, and 24 post-DAS; (3) Further, assess suitability at baseline and approximately 4-weeks post-DAS. This study is a single-site, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial with an open-label extension phase assessing safety in two conditions: 1. Psi-PS (psilocybin combined with psychological support); and 2. placebo and nondirective psychological support. The study will last approximately 26-32 weeks and is composed of two preparation sessions; one Drug Administration Session (DAS), where 25 mg of oral psilocybin (PEX010) or inert placebo (PCB2) is administered in a clinical setting with two facilitators present; and three integration sessions. Placebo conditions will receive the same psychological support but will receive an inert placebo. 4-weeks after DAS, the study will be unblinded and those who received placebo will be offered Psi-PS for the open-label extension phase, following the same procedures. The intended sample size for the study is approximately 40 military veterans and first responders (ages 21-65) with co-occurring alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Study drug shipments will arrive on-site pre randomized by the manufacturer, and double-blinding will be maintained throughout the study by using a placebo that is designed to have similar physical characteristics as the study drug. All participants will then be followed for a total of 6 months (24 weeks) following the DAS to assess durability of potential effects.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-08-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06853912", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), PTSD, Psilocybin 25 mg, PEX010, PYEX, Maltodextrin (Placebo), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06853912\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Veterans,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 558, "title": "Overview and Specificity of Psilocybin Use in the Treatment of Mental Disorders: A Scientometric Analysis.", "normalized_title": "overview and specificity of psilocybin use in the treatment of mental disorders a scientometric analysis", "authors": "Fernandes-Nascimento MH, Viana-Ferreira K, Negrão AB.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin is a natural alkaloid with therapeutic potential in the treatment of different mental disorders. Bibliometric information on its use is still scattered in the literature.ObjectiveTo investigate the temporal and bibliometric patterns of publications and the specificity of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders.MethodPerformed a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software. Documents from the period 1963 to 2023 were retrieved from the Scopus database. The search string comprised terms related to psilocybin and mental disorders. An exponential regression was performed to investigate the number of publications over time. The specificity was evaluated based on a manual analysis of the clinical trials' findings carried out with individuals diagnosed with mental disorders.ResultsWe identified 853 eligible publications. An exponential regression analysis revealed an increase in the number of publications over time, with significant growth between 2016 and 2023 (52%). Publications cover countries on five continents, but are predominantly from nations with a high Human Development Index, such as the United States and the United Kingdom. Depression was the most prominent term in keyword analysis. Meta-analyses have indicated the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of different mental disorders (depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders).ConclusionThe global academic panorama shows the growing recognition of psilocybin as a promising alternative in psychiatric treatment, highlighting the need for randomized clinical trials to ensure its safe and effective use.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2024.0031", "pubmed_id": "40933206", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2024.0031", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40933206\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4314, "title": "“To Have the Encounter with Our Own Finiteness in that Existential Way”: Descriptions of Existential Experience in Patients with Cancer and Major Depression Participating in Psilocybin-Assisted Group Therapy", "normalized_title": "to have the encounter with our own finiteness in that existential way descriptions of existential experience in patients with cancer and major depression participating in psilocybin assisted group therapy", "authors": "Elise C. Tarbi, Skye A. Miner, Kabir Nigam, Zachary Sager, Justin J. Sanders, Michael Ljuslin, Benjamin Guérin, Kimberly Roddy, James A. Tulsky, Manish Agrawal, Yvan Beaussant", "abstract": "Background: Cancer poses an existential threat for patients and caregivers. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has emerged as a potential tool to meet these existential needs, yet little is known about how patients describe this element of their cancer journey, and how it might be affected by PAT, especially in the group therapy context. Purpose: To explore how patients with cancer and depression describe their existential journey through the experience of cancer and group PAT. Methods: Grounded in the Conceptual Model of Existential Experience in Adults with Advanced Cancer, this study is a qualitative analysis of existing data from semi-structured exit interviews with participants ( n = 28) of the psilocybin trial, “The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Cancer Patients with Major Depressive Disorder” (NCT04593563). This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach paired with template analysis to analyze interview transcripts. Results: Our analysis revealed three overarching themes: (1) Participants described cancer prompting a deepened lived understanding of their mortality, as well as a re-prioritization of their attention, relationships, and efforts; (2) Therapeutic intentions for participating in the PAT trial went beyond relief of depression and extended to gaining a new perspective toward existential worries and building spiritual resources; (3) Participants described the lasting effects of PAT as a healing, unfolding transformation, noting an enhanced sense of meaning, agency, aliveness, and connectedness. Discussion: Our findings provide important insights into the existential experiences of people with cancer and depression, as well as the potential role of PAT, in a novel group therapy context, in addressing existential suffering and fostering personal growth.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-08-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251370303", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251370303", "keywords": "Existentialism, Psychotherapist, Cancer, Psychology, Perspective (graphical), Grounded theory, Qualitative research, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Clinical psychology, Group psychotherapy, Meaning (existential), Psychiatry, Disease, Depressive symptoms, Qualitative analysis, Lived experience, Hermeneutics, Medicine, Intervention (counseling), Qualitative property, Clinical trial, Descriptive statistics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414955208\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414955208\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W79229537\",\"https://openalex.org/W140271714\",\"https://openalex.org/W1513859721\",\"https://openalex.org/W1891188267\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043673361\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060831503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066061643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068374682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072384652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121824844\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122328334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125531802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133094746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138664283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145853206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158106196\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159165123\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166928505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166934228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2524597629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582406074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585294071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605759386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735924837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889204985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896551863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904473517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924682096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942349161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978054736\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3020531320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084639663\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163199090\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196833323\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197981896\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210030168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200517619\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205553396\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207017214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207020267\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254202988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282972140\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294884042\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313201591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386494423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393278287\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401554225\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405599715\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955623\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407174917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408185841\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017118759\",\"display_name\":\"Elise C. Tarbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-6632\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076256339\",\"display_name\":\"Skye A. Miner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-2440\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053570913\",\"display_name\":\"Kabir Nigam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-0079\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064982845\",\"display_name\":\"Zachary Sager\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-9582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063712330\",\"display_name\":\"Justin J. Sanders\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8928-4051\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071091088\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Ljuslin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-1749\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052182950\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Guérin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-7874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093431923\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Roddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014360467\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Tulsky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0453\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063328366\",\"display_name\":\"Yvan Beaussant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-6736\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251370303\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414955208" }, { "id": 560, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy, Positive Emotional Experiences, and the Central Role of Self-Compassion", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy positive emotional experiences and the central role of self compassion", "authors": "Zeifman R, Danias G, Agin-Liebes G, Pagni B, Kettner H, Bhat V, Ross S, Erritzoe D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Abstract Background: Psychedelics can acutely induce mystical experiences and elevated positive mood, which may contribute to the potential benefits of psychedelic therapy. However, there remains limited understanding of the occurrence and importance of specific positive emotional experiences within psychedelic therapy. Therefore, we examined the effects of psychedelics on positive emotional experiences and their association with improvements in mental health. Methods: Study 1 was an observational study of naturalistic psychedelic use. Study 2 used data from a clinical trial that compared psilocybin with escitalopram in individuals with major depressive disorder. In this trial, participants completed two dosing sessions, where they received either 25mg or 1mg of psilocybin. In both studies, following their psychedelic experience or psilocybin dosing sessions, participants rated their acute experiences of seven specific positive emotional experiences (self-compassion, compassion toward others, gratitude, love, awe, ecstasy, and peace). Results: Relative to low-dose psychedelic, medium and high-dose psychedelic use were associated with greater positive emotional experiences. Relative to 1mg psilocybin, 25mg psilocybin was associated with greater positive emotional experiences. Several positive emotional experiences predicted improvements in mental health and mediated treatment outcomes, with the strongest evidence for the effect of self-compassion (over and above mystical experience and positive mood). Discussion: Positive emotional experiences, especially self-compassion, appear to play an important role within psychedelic therapy. Based on these findings, we highlight key considerations surrounding psychotherapeutic approaches to, and optimization of, psychedelic therapy. Future research should move beyond retrospective, self-reports of emotional experiences to fully capture their role within psychedelic therapy.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2025-08-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-7420529/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7420529/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1071953\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 561, "title": "Psychedelics and the Serotonin Hypothesis of Eating Disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and the serotonin hypothesis of eating disorders", "authors": "Bilenker D, Avena NM.", "abstract": "Recent advances in psychedelic research have renewed interest in their therapeutic potential for psychiatric disorders characterized by cognitive and behavioral rigidity. This review examines the rationale for using serotonergic psychedelics-particularly 5-HT2A receptor agonists such as psilocybin-in the treatment of eating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). The paper contextualizes these interventions within the broader serotonin hypothesis of EDs, emphasizing serotonergic dysregulation and impaired cognitive flexibility as central features of these conditions. Drawing from animal models, human neuroimaging studies, and emerging clinical trials, the authors outline how psychedelics may promote neuroplasticity and psychological insight through modulation of 5-HT2A signaling. Preliminary evidence from open-label studies suggests psilocybin may improve ED symptoms and quality of life, though findings are early and methodologically limited. The paper also reviews data on ayahuasca, MDMA, and non-psychedelic serotonergic agents, highlighting both the promise and complexity of psychedelic-assisted therapy in EDs. The authors conclude that while further controlled trials are needed to clarify efficacy, safety, and optimal treatment parameters, psychedelics offer a novel, mechanistically distinct avenue for addressing entrenched ED psychopathology.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci15080893", "pubmed_id": "40867224", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15080893", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40867224\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3466, "title": "A Phase II, Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Controlled Study to Investigate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Efficacy of COMP360 in Participants With Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "a phase ii multicentre randomised double blind controlled study to investigate the safety tolerability pharmacokinetics and efficacy of comp360 in participants with recurrent major depressive disorder", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "Safety, Tolerability, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of a single administration of COMP360 in participants with recurrent Major Depressive Disorder. This is a phase II, multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, controlled study. The study population will include participants aged ≥18 years with recurrent Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) with up to four prior treatment failures of an antidepressant in their current depressive episode. Overall, 102 participants will be randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive COMP360 25 mg, COMP360 10mg or COMP360 1 mg. In this study the aim is to investigate the safety and tolerability of COMP360, administered with psychological support, in adult participants with MDD with one prior treatment failure. In addition, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of COMP360 will be investigated. The study will last up to 16 weeks including a three- to ten-week Screening Period and a six-week follow-up from investigational product (IP) administration.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-08-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05733546", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, COMP360, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05733546\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 418, "title": "Exploring the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in treating substance use disorders.", "normalized_title": "exploring the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in treating substance use disorders", "authors": "Li Y, Li H, Wang H, Wang X.", "abstract": "Psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, have garnered significant attention as potential therapeutic tools for treating substance use disorders (SUDs), such as those related to alcohol, nicotine, heroin (an opioid), or cocaine. Traditional treatments often fall short, leading to high relapse rates and an urgent need for innovative approaches. This article explores the emerging role of psychedelics in SUDs therapy, highlighting their ability to disrupt maladaptive neural circuits, promote neuroplasticity, and facilitate profound psychological insights that address the root causes of SUDs. Clinical trials demonstrate promising results across various forms of SUDs, with psilocybin-assisted therapy showing significant reductions in substance use and improved mental health outcomes. Despite the potential, challenges such as legal barriers, safety concerns, and the need for more rigorous research remain. The future of psychedelics in SUDs treatment is cautiously optimistic, with the possibility of transforming the field of SUDs therapy and offering hope to millions of individuals struggling with SUDs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-025-03168-w", "pubmed_id": "40830580", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03168-w", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40830580\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3070, "title": "Psilocybin treatment for symptoms of depression: a living systematic review, meta-analysis, and data resource", "normalized_title": "psilocybin treatment for symptoms of depression a living systematic review meta analysis and data resource", "authors": "Singleton SP, Sevchik BL, Lahey A, Cuijpers P, Harrer M, Jones MT, Nayak SM, Strain EC, Vandekar SN, Dworkin RH, Scott JC, Satterthwaite TD.", "abstract": "Importance Depression is a major cause of disability worldwide, motivating substantial interest in psilocybin as a potential treatment. Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of psilocybin’s impact on depressive symptoms and provide a living open data resource. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO retrieved by a systematic search up to July 1, 2025. Study Selection We included randomized controlled trials of psilocybin or psilocybin-assisted therapy compared against a placebo or waitlist condition. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data extraction was completed independently by two extractors. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to synthesize data. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane’s RoB 2.0 tool. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was the standardized mean difference (Hedges’ g ) in depression scores at the primary study endpoint. Results Twelve studies comprising 711 participants were included in the database, with nine of those studies (n = 529) included in our primary model. Of the nine studies included in the primary model, two had a high risk of bias, four had some concerns, while three had a low risk of bias. Compared to control conditions, psilocybin showed a greater reduction in depression scores, with a pooled Hedges’ g = -0.91 (95% CI, [-1.35; -0.48]; k = 9; p = 0.0013, I2 = 58.1%, tau 2 = 0.13, n = 501). Sensitivity analyses revealed robust effects consistent with the primary model across a variety of design parameters and analysis choices, while also suggesting that waitlist control and crossover design studies contribute a large amount of heterogeneity to the primary model. Meta-regression revealed that psilocybin’s effects were rapid and consistent over several weeks (intercept = -0.92 [-1.26; -0.58], p < 0.0001; slope = 0.0009 [-0.0023; 0.0041], p = 0.57). Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that psilocybin-assisted therapy results in substantial decreases in depressive symptoms across studies to date. However, many studies have small sample sizes or risk of bias. This living systematic review, meta-analysis, database, and online dashboard will continue to be updated as evidence emerges, providing a valuable resource for researchers in a rapidly evolving field. Key Points Question What is the efficacy of psilocybin or psilocybin-assisted therapy for depressive symptoms? Findings In this living systematic review and meta-analysis, the initial evidence suggests that psilocybin is more effective in reducing depression symptoms compared to control conditions. Our publicly released database and interactive dashboard contains over 200 effect sizes from 12 randomized clinical trials testing psilocybin’s impacts on depression and will be updated regularly to keep pace with this rapidly moving field. Meaning The current evidence suggests promise for psilocybin therapy for depression, though more studies are needed.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-08-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.08.13.25333530", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.13.25333530", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1068501\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 364, "title": "Toward Standardized Products Containing Biomass of Psilocybe Cubensis Fungi", "normalized_title": "toward standardized products containing biomass of psilocybe cubensis fungi", "authors": "Kimberley Foster, Isaac Morrison, Shemar Daniel, Johann M.R. Antoine, Babumon M. Thankappan, Winston De La Haye, Marshall Tyler, Charles N. Grant, Rupika Delgoda", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The consumption of dried fruiting bodies of Psilocybe cubensis can be traced over centuries, guided by Mesoamerican curanderas, Western medical practitioners, and fungal enthusiasts, all seeking mental wellbeing. There is a notable resurgence in interest both in the fungal biomass and psilocybin, the psychoactive tryptamine, despite the global regulatory restrictions, following enlistment in the UN convention on psychotropic substances. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate consistency in psilocybin potency and to determine levels of microbial, pesticidal, and heavy metal content in products encompassing biomass of uniformly cultivated P. cubensis. METHODS: In a legally sanctioned, unique laboratory in Jamaica, we cultivated P. cubensis according to published methods, then dried, pulverized, extracted, and tested fruiting bodies for tryptamine content using an Agilent HPLC1290 Infinity assembly. Colony counting was employed for E. coli, yeast, mold, and coliform presence, while a Neogen's Veratox® ELISA assay assessed mycotoxin content. Agilent GCMS and LC assemblies evaluated for pesticidal content while heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Hg) were determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF, and direct mercury analysis (DMA) by thermal decomposition-amalgamation-atomic absorption spectrometry (TDA-AAS), respectively. RESULTS: Mean psilocybin and psilocin content in dried cultivated P. cubensis was 1.14 ± 0.17% by weight; however, there was batch variability, potentiating significant differences in projected dosage, particularly for and above 3 g. The homogenized biomass was deemed safe, with acceptable levels of microbial, mycotoxin, pesticidal, and heavy metal contents, and no significant carcinogenic or other health hazards. Encapsulated biomass stably maintained tryptamine content for 11 months. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized, safe biomass suitable for human consumption can be achieved using P. cubensis cultivated under stringent, aseptic conditions. Given the observed variability, it is highly recommended that each batch is tested for tryptamine content. Our results may be useful for policymakers, cultivators, clinicians, and consumers. HIGHLIGHTS: The present study provides a basis for regular potency testing of P. cubensis biomass and substantiates their potential use in clinical trials as a high-quality, standardized, and safe product.", "journal": "Journal of AOAC International", "publication_date": "2025-08-12", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf072", "pubmed_id": "40802522", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf072", "keywords": "Biomass (ecology), Botany, Environmental science, Biology, Ecology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413116294\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413116294\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1833789016\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970807094\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985227285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015086459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2597462464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029438665\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094690508\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3176116645\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252518069\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281296724\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281661929\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309210963\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4360616011\",\"https://openalex.org/W4377019741\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382602456\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389503765\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389912710\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409922403\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090699575\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberley Foster\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056785243\",\"display_name\":\"Isaac Morrison\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Shemar Daniel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1036-0120\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011063741\",\"display_name\":\"Johann M.R. Antoine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-9258\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119272645\",\"display_name\":\"Babumon M. Thankappan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075948197\",\"display_name\":\"Winston De La Haye\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6133-3477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066282124\",\"display_name\":\"Marshall Tyler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5401-3104\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102827876\",\"display_name\":\"Charles N. Grant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3451-5120\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052636162\",\"display_name\":\"Rupika Delgoda\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6100-481X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S103486911\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of AOAC International\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf072\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413116294" }, { "id": 530, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depression and anxiety associated with life threatening illness: A phase 2b randomized controlled trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression and anxiety associated with life threatening illness a phase 2b randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Margaret Ross, Ravi Iyer, M.L. Williams, Mark Boughey, Clare O’Callaghan, Richard Hiscock, Justin Dwyer", "abstract": "IMPORTANCE: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy may offer a novel approach to treating depression, anxiety, and existential distress in individuals with life threatening illnesses, where current treatments show limited efficacy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy versus active placebo and psychotherapy in adults with life-threatening illnesses. DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized controlled phase 2b trial (RCT) with an open-label extension and 6-month follow-up (January 2020 - October 2023). SETTING: Single-site study at a tertiary hospital's palliative care department (St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne affiliated with the University of Melbourne). PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 18-80 with a life-threatening illness and clinically significant depression and/or anxiety. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized to receive 25 mg psilocybin or 100 mg niacin (active placebo), alongside three preparatory psychotherapy and six post-dose integration psychotherapy sessions. After 6-7 weeks post double blind dose, all participants received 25 mg psilocybin in an open-label extension, enabling a two dose versus one dose group comparator. Participants were followed up to 26 weeks post open label dose. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcome was change in depression and anxiety symptoms, assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), from baseline to 6-7 weeks post-dose. Key secondary outcomes included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - State version (STAI-S), which provided complementary, dimensional measures of depression and anxiety over the same time period. Additional secondary outcomes included Death Attitudes Profile, WHOQOL-BREF, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Trait scale), Mystical Experiences Questionnaire, and Persisting Effects Questionnaire. Exploratory outcomes included spiritual well-being, hopelessness, demoralization, and HADS-Trait scores. RESULTS: Thirty-five participants (mean age 56.0; 54.3 % female) were randomized (psilocybin: n = 17; placebo: n = 18). At 6-7 weeks, psilocybin produced significantly greater reductions in HADS depression (B = -2.49; P =.02; d = 1.12), BDI-II (B = -7.56; P =.004; d = 2.97), and STAI-State anxiety (B = -12.59; P =.005; d = 4.51) compared to placebo. Benefits were sustained at 26 weeks. Exploratory outcomes demonstrated enhanced spiritual well-being, quality of life, and significant reductions in demoralization, death anxiety and hopelessness. No serious treatment-emergent adverse events occurred. Psilocybin was associated with more mild-to-moderate adverse events. One participant withdrew due to anxiety during dosing. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy appears safe and may offer durable relief from depression and anxiety in individuals with a life-threatening illness.", "journal": "General Hospital Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-08-11", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.08.001", "pubmed_id": "40858059", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.08.001", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W362134011\",\"https://openalex.org/W1201749067\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966158258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973763578\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976139656\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981066923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020401373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027521838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050729893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091131778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137699706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144458512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149564130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155116701\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169423683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186868318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744073746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896126560\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914765137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080413193\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251745849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298863066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409987891\",\"https://openalex.org/W6634064335\",\"https://openalex.org/W6768352301\",\"https://openalex.org/W6880021014\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101561809\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret Ross\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031895165\",\"display_name\":\"Ravi Iyer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010417984\",\"display_name\":\"M.L. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-3008\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026860370\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Boughey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068658663\",\"display_name\":\"Clare O’Callaghan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-2781\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065396072\",\"display_name\":\"Richard Hiscock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5375-041X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008902505\",\"display_name\":\"Justin Dwyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6922-6508\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S45708651\",\"source_display_name\":\"General Hospital Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.08.001\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413190735" }, { "id": 567, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: Potential Benefits and Challenges in Mental Health Treatment.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy potential benefits and challenges in mental health treatment", "authors": "Silczuk A, Madejek RJ, Koweszko T, Mularczyk-Tomczewska P, Adamska E, Gujski M, Szulc A.", "abstract": "Psychedelics, derived from the Greek words \"psyche\" (soul) and \"deloun\" (revealing), are substances historically and currently considered \"soul-revealing\". Also termed hallucinogens due to their impact on sensory perception, they are further categorized into hallucinogens, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and mescaline; entactogens or empathogens, such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA); and dissociatives, such as phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine. The concept of using these substances to enhance psychotherapy emerged in the 1940s, leading to the first wave of psychedelic research, which yielded promising initial results. Following a period of restricted research, modern investigations began anew around 20 years ago. In this review, we analyze the last 10 years of research, exploring the potential of psychedelics in psychotherapy. Current evidence reveals that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy remains an experimental approach. While preliminary studies suggest potential therapeutic benefits in treating various conditions, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and substance use disorders, a definitive assessment of efficacy and safety is hampered by the scarcity of large-scale, rigorous clinical trials. Psychedilics should rather be viewed as integral components of broader therapeutic frameworks than as standalone treatment. The unique mechanisms of psychedelics, notably their effect on neuroplasticity, hint at the potential to address treatment gaps in patients unresponsive to conventional methods. However, this potential requires validation through larger, more rigorously designed studies. Future research must prioritize high-quality, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials encompassing diverse populations to produce reliable, generalizable findings and ensure responsible clinical implementation. The aim of this article is to review the current status of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.12659/msm.948302", "pubmed_id": "40781763", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.948302", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40781763\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 575, "title": "Therapeutic and legal aspects of psilocybin in cancer-related depression", "normalized_title": "therapeutic and legal aspects of psilocybin in cancer related depression", "authors": "Małgorzata Wierzbicka, Renata Kopczyk, Aleksandra Gerlach, Joanna Rymaszewska", "abstract": "Depression prevalence is markedly elevated in oncological patients, particularly among head and neck cancer (HNC) cohorts, who face twice the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to other cancer populations. MDD in this context independently predicts poorer clinical outcomes and increased morbidity. HNC management often involves acute surgical interventions with disfiguring effects, creating a narrow therapeutic window for conventional antidepressants requiring weeks to achieve efficacy. Psychological interventions face similar time constraints, complicating perioperative mental health support. Psilocybin - metabolized to psilocin - modulates serotonin (5-HT2A) and dopamine receptors, demonstrating rapid antidepressant effects within hours rather than weeks. Clinical trials validate its superiority over escitalopram in MDD treatment and efficacy in PTSD and treatment-resistant depression. Despite these benefits, no studies explore perioperative applications in HNC patients. Psilocybin lacks international scheduling under UN conventions, permitting variable national policies: Australia - MDMA/psilocybin prescriptions (2023), USA - Insurance billing codes (2024), Portugal - Decriminalized, South Africa - Prescription medicine. In Polish Context psilocybin remains restricted to research settings, classified as a Group I-P substance under the 1971 Psychotropic Convention. This legal framework complicates clinical implementation despite emerging evidence of therapeutic potential. The critical challenge lies in reconciling psilocybin's rapid antidepressant properties with regulatory barriers, particularly for HNC patients requiring immediate psychiatric support post-surgery. Interdisciplinary collaboration between oncologists, psychiatrists, and policymakers is essential to design ethical clinical pathways under current legislative constraints.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-08-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864", "pubmed_id": "40831528", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Context (archaeology), Psychological intervention, Major depressive disorder, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Mood, Biology, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412939048\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412939048\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1792556404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519296010\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571059493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789657269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895410484\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127661454\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197013128\",\"https://openalex.org/W4228999566\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283323819\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297146216\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312129061\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380550627\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389992534\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395010876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396640466\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401405162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401700752\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403729127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403809829\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403941109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404822426\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028381150\",\"display_name\":\"Małgorzata Wierzbicka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-6352\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119202440\",\"display_name\":\"Renata Kopczyk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Gerlach\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034602375\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Rymaszewska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8985-3592\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412939048" }, { "id": 3235, "title": "229. PSILOCYBIN WITH PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC SUPPORT FOR TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION: A PILOT CLINICAL TRIAL", "normalized_title": "229 psilocybin with psychotherapeutic support for treatment resistant depression a pilot clinical trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12359778", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC12359778\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 580, "title": "Psilocybin as Transformative Fast-Acting Antidepressant: Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as transformative fast acting antidepressant pharmacological properties and molecular mechanisms", "authors": "Adebo M, Bonnet M, Laouej O, Defaix C, McGowan JC, Butlen-Ducuing F, David DJ, Poupon E, Tritschler L, Gardier AM.", "abstract": "In the 1950s-60s, serotonergic psychedelic drugs were studied as potential adjuvants to psychotherapy to treat addiction and alcoholism. However, starting in the 70s, preclinical and clinical studies on psychedelics stopped for decades because legislation controlled its recreational use, citing their hallucinogenic and psychotomimetic effects, as well as their abuse potential. Amazingly, we are witnessing an impressive return of these drugs due to recent clinical trials suggesting a therapeutic potential of psychedelics, among them psilocybin, for treating patients with depression resistant to conventional antidepressant drugs. Yet, their underlying mechanisms of action remain incompletely elucidated. This review provides an update on seminal clinical trials using psilocybin, as well as preclinical work uncovering the pharmacological properties and experimental pharmacology of psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin. These drugs are primarily serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonists. Although there is a consensus that 5-HT2AR activation mediates its psychedelic effects in human and rodent models of anxiety/depression, its role in psilocin's antidepressant effects remains controversial. This review also provides an overview of neurotransmitter systems, neuroplasticity, and neural circuits activated by psilocin. Further research in developing effective antidepressants for depression is prescient now more than ever, as according to the World Health Organization (WHO), depression will be the main cause of disability in 2030. Understanding the mechanisms through which psilocybin/psilocin would be an effective antidepressant is crucial to ultimately validate its therapeutic potential when combined with SSRIs/SNRIs in mood disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/fcp.70038", "pubmed_id": "40670864", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/fcp.70038", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40670864\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 73, "title": "Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy Among Patients with Advanced Cancer and Depression: Rationale and Preliminary Evaluation of MCP-PSIL.", "normalized_title": "meaning centered psychotherapy for psilocybin assisted therapy among patients with advanced cancer and depression rationale and preliminary evaluation of mcp psil", "authors": "Rosa WE, Napolitano S, McAndrew N, Jenkins B, Lichtenthal WG, Applebaum AJ, Breitbart W, Agrawal M.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin shows encouraging outcomes for patients with cancer and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there is insufficient evidence on the use of evidence-based psychotherapeutic interventions to consistently guide and standardize psilocybin preparation, dosing, and integration. Meaning-centered psychotherapy (MCP) is a manualized, brief psychotherapeutic intervention that enhances meaning and purpose among recipients. This article substantiates the rationale for using MCP as a psychotherapeutic intervention to accompany psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) with psilocybin for patients with cancer and MDD.Materials and methodsWe sampled seven patients with cancer and MDD who previously received PAT with psilocybin followed by group MCP in a phase 2 open-label trial, as well as six therapists who delivered the interventions. First, electronic open-ended response surveys were distributed to explore participant experiences during the phase 2 trial and elicit recommendations to adapt MCP for psilocybin. Second, the research team developed a 5-session model of MCP and psilocybin therapy (MCP-PSIL) based on survey responses. Finally, four focus groups were conducted (two with patients and two with therapists) to expand on patient experiences during the phase 2 trial and gather feedback on MCP-PSIL.ResultsSeven patients (ages 53-80 years) and six therapists (mental health professional experience ranging 9-44 years) participated in both surveys and focus groups. Focus groups underscored the value of experiences related to psilocybin, the group, and MCP, as distinct elements and in conjunction. Participants shared key recommendations to enhance combined psilocybin and MCP experiences and the 5-session MCP-PSIL model. The importance of the group format was also emphasized while noting that individual MCP may be indicated in certain circumstances.ConclusionFindings suggest that MCP is a natural therapeutic partner to guide patients throughout the PAT continuum. As MCP-PSIL is tested in the future, we anticipate MCP will leverage the PAT experience by building therapist capacity to optimize care while reducing avoidable distress for patients and maximizing their meaning-making opportunities.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251363983", "pubmed_id": "42311441", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251363983", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42311441\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Aging,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 599, "title": "Psilocybin in the treatment of eating disorders: a systematic review of the literature and registered clinical trials.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the treatment of eating disorders a systematic review of the literature and registered clinical trials", "authors": "Bevione F, Lacidogna MC, Lavalle R, Abbate Daga G, Preti A.", "abstract": "BackgroundFluoxetine remains the only pharmacological treatment approved for Bulimia Nervosa, and no other drugs have been approved for eating disorders (EDs). The rationale for exploring psilocybin as a treatment for EDs is compelling, both from biological and psychological perspectives. Moreover, its safety profile in healthy individuals appears favorable. This systematic review aims to examine original research articles and registered clinical trials to assess the current psilocybin's therapeutic potential in EDs.MethodsSystematic review following the indications of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), and the Cochrane Library from inception until 29 July 2024, with key terms: \"psilocybin\" and \"eating disorders\". Quality was assessed through the Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After (Pre-Post) Studies With No Control Group released by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). We performed an additional search on the registry of clinical trials available at the website https://clinicaltrials.gov.ResultsTwo studies met the inclusion criteria for our analysis. The first was an open-label feasibility study involving 10 individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), without a control group. The second was a single case report describing the use of psilocybin in a person with AN. In addition, six registered clinical trials of psilocybin in individuals with EDs were identified.ConclusionsThe initial evidence shows that psilocybin might be safe and well-tolerated in AN. The promising results and the need for tests in enlarged samples encourage further research on psilocybin in EDs.Level of evidence viiiEvidence from nonrandomized controlled clinical trials, nonrandomized clinical trials, cohort studies, case series, case reports, and individual qualitative studies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s40519-025-01771-y", "pubmed_id": "40730892", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-025-01771-y", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Clinical Trials as Topic, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40730892\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3691, "title": "Outpatient Buprenorphine Induction With Psilocybin for Opioid Use Disorder: a Randomized Double-blind Trial", "normalized_title": "outpatient buprenorphine induction with psilocybin for opioid use disorder a randomized double blind trial", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This study will examine the effect of a single high dose of psilocybin therapy (30 mg) versus a very low dose (1 mg) as an adjunctive therapy to individuals undergoing standard-of-care outpatient buprenorphine treatment for Opioid use disorder (OUD). The participants will have previously undergone buprenorphine induction before. Effects of adjunctive psilocybin will be determined for longitudinal outcomes of opioid abstinence, compliance with outpatient buprenorphine maintenance, quality of life, and mood. The proposed study is a double-blind, controlled investigation of the effect of 1 high-dose psilocybin (30 mg) session compared to a very low dose session (1 mg) in the period immediately following standard-of-care outpatient buprenorphine induction on drug abstinence, quality of life, craving, tobacco use, and treatment retention in healthy participants with an active OUD diagnosis and a history of being prescribed buprenorphine previously. Use of buprenorphine is standard of care for OUD, and the investigators are investigating the additive power of adjunctive psilocybin to enhance opioid abstinence, treatment adherence, quality of life, and mood. Of note, this trial is designed with a parallel and complementary structure to IRB00344281 (BIPOD: Buprenorphine Induction with Psilocybin for Opioid use Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial\"). The current proposed trial (\"BIPOD-Out\") differs in that it is tailored specifically to identify participants who have previously been prescribed and tolerated buprenorphine but subsequently relapsed. The study will recruit participants who have very recently (past 3 weeks) undergone standard of care outpatient buprenorphine induction or are interested in undergoing buprenorphine induction by a study team physician and offer experimental psilocybin administration, as utilized in several other studies at this center. As noted above (and unlike in IRB00344281), participants naïve to buprenorphine will be excluded from this study. Outpatient buprenorphine induction will be followed by an 8-week outpatient phase involving standard of care buprenorphine maintenance with participants referred to further buprenorphine treatment in the community and followed in long-term follow-up for 4 to 6 months. The study team will recruit participants who have recently (past 3 weeks) been inducted onto sublingual (SL) buprenorphine (a buprenorphine/naloxone combination product) in the outpatient setting, and also participants interested in participating in a buprenorphine induction conducted by one of the study team physicians. Once buprenorphine induction is complete and participants are deemed eligible, participants will undergo 2-4 preparatory sessions (described below), followed by an experimental drug administration session under supportive conditions, during which the participants will receive either a very low dose (1 mg) or a single high (30mg) oral dose of psilocybin under double-blind conditions. Participants will then complete an 8-week outpatient phase, during which a study team clinician will provide standard of care outpatient buprenorphine maintenance. Participants will undergo outpatient visits at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 weeks post-dosing session at the Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit for monitoring of adverse events, clinical status, treatment adherence, and to receive a weekly supply of buprenorphine. All buprenorphine procedures will be open label and will follow standard-of-care practices.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-07-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06067737", "keywords": "Opioid Use Disorder, Psilocybin, buprenorphine, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06067737\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Healthcare Workers,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3424, "title": "Modulation of Serotonin Pathways Using Psilocybin in Adults With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)", "normalized_title": "modulation of serotonin pathways using psilocybin in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder asd", "authors": "King's College London", "abstract": "This study will test the hypothesis that brain systems are differentially regulated by serotonin in individuals with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. To do this, the brain response to two single acute doses of partial serotonin (5HT)1A/2A receptor agonist psilocybin (COMP360) relative to a single dose of placebo (baseline serotonin activity) will be compared in healthy autistic and non-autistic adults. Brain function will be assessed using a range of MRI (fMRI and MRS), EEG and sensory tasks. Unimodal and multimodal analyses will be conducted. Please note that this study uses psilocybin as a probe of the serotonin system in a Case-Control science study and, following Scope protocol review, the U.K. MHRA confirmed that it is not a 'Clinical Trial of an Investigational Medicinal Product' (IMP) as defined by the EU Directive 2001/20/EC.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-07-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05651126", "keywords": "Autism Spectrum Disorder, Psilocybin 5 mg, COMP360, Psilocybin 2 mg, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05651126\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3648, "title": "Mechanistic Studies of Psilocybin in Headache Disorders", "normalized_title": "mechanistic studies of psilocybin in headache disorders", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "In previous clinical trial work, the investigators observed lasting reductions in headache burden after limited dosing of psilocybin. This purpose of this study is to examine potential sources for this observed effect. This study will measure brain resting state functional connectivity (fMRI), central synaptic density (SV2A PET), peripheral markers of inflammation, circadian rhythm (actigraphy), and sleep (sleep EEG) in both migraine and healthy control participants before and one week after the administration of psilocybin or an active control agent.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-07-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06464367", "keywords": "Migraine, Psilocybin, Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06464367\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 602, "title": "Psilocybin in alcohol use disorder and comorbid depressive symptoms: Results from a feasibility randomized clinical trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in alcohol use disorder and comorbid depressive symptoms results from a feasibility randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Amandine Luquiens, Dahbia Belahda, Carine Graux, Noe Igounenc, Chris Serrand, Paul A. Rochefort, Thibault Mura, Felix Sergent", "abstract": "BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Psilocybin has emerged as a potential treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), but early efficacy data are inconsistent. Depression following alcohol detoxification significantly increases the risk of relapse. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for patients with comorbid AUD and depression. DESIGN: A prospective, single-center, double-blind, parallel (2:1), randomized controlled pilot study. SETTING: The study was conducted in a French inpatient addiction treatment program offering intensive relapse prevention interventions. PARTICIPANTS: Of 350 screened patients, 30 adults (mean age 49 ± 10 years; 43% female) with severe AUD (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition [DSM-5] criteria) and a Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) score ≥14 were included. Participants had completed detoxification between 14 and 60 days prior to inclusion. INTERVENTIONS: Participants received either two oral sessions of 25 mg (n = 20) or 1 mg (n = 10) psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy spaced three weeks apart, as an add-on to standard care. Patients, investigators and outcome assessors were all blinded to patient group. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was feasibility, according to participation in both dosing sessions and recruitment/inclusion rates. Secondary outcomes included alcohol use (Alcohol Timeline Followback), time to relapse, craving (Craving Experience Questionnaire), depression (BDI-II), safety and blinding integrity. FINDINGS: One participant in the 25 mg group could not receive the second dose due to myocardial infarction occurring three days earlier, unrelated to the treatment. Four participants in the control group refused the second session after guessing their group assignment (p-value = 0.019), with one participant self-administering 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). At 12 weeks, the 25 mg group showed significantly greater abstinent rate (11/20 (55%) vs 1/9 (11%) (one lost of follow up) (difference = -44%, [95% confidence interval [CI]: -82% to -5.9%]), p = 0.043), reductions in % drinking days -100 (-100 to -49) vs - 93 (-96 to 0), p = 0.038 and craving frequency -8 (-23 to -1) vs + 7 (-2 to 11), p = 0.045, respectively in the 25 vs 1 mg groups (median [25;75]). Relapse rates were 35% in the 25 mg group and 50% in the control group (HR = 0.52 [0.16 to1.65]). No efficacy differences were observed based on antidepressant use in terms of drinking and depression. Blinding was imperfect (correct guess by patients: 93.3%; investigators: 86.7%). Twenty-five adverse events were reported in 10 patients (50%) in the 25 mg group versus 6 patients (60%) in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy appears feasible, acceptable, and safe in recently detoxified patients with comorbid alcohol use disorder and depression.", "journal": "Addiction", "publication_date": "2025-07-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/add.70152", "pubmed_id": "40702912", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70152", "keywords": "Craving, Alcohol use disorder, Medicine, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Psilocybin, Relapse prevention, Depression (economics), Alcohol dependence, Beck Depression Inventory, Psychology, Addiction, Anxiety, Internal medicine, Alcohol, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Economics, Biochemistry, Chemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":17,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1562803040\",\"https://openalex.org/W1931543427\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966468755\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992167600\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992292172\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017039362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019331539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039804055\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043696067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062907782\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098462422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116839388\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125478133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139474630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152696551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161537987\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162097818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165758561\",\"https://openalex.org/W2174561539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285114321\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2763784955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890893449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921670614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944914295\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046396743\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112790012\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120343004\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160017608\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182434925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205341191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206063331\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294308393\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394015461\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396518351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399323719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400847605\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402992153\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404206552\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405426689\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408033191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408089698\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408096046\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408345055\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083120627\",\"display_name\":\"Amandine Luquiens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9402-442X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119068869\",\"display_name\":\"Dahbia Belahda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Carine Graux\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119068870\",\"display_name\":\"Noe Igounenc\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080840107\",\"display_name\":\"Chris Serrand\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6074-8577\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068681572\",\"display_name\":\"Paul A. Rochefort\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007724266\",\"display_name\":\"Thibault Mura\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-1336\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Felix Sergent\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S70513841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Addiction\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70152\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412642858" }, { "id": 3633, "title": "The Safety, Feasibility, and Acceptability of Psilocybin Combined With Multidisciplinary Palliative Care in Demoralized Cancer Survivors With Chronic Pain (P-PC)", "normalized_title": "the safety feasibility and acceptability of psilocybin combined with multidisciplinary palliative care in demoralized cancer survivors with chronic pain p pc", "authors": "Emory University", "abstract": "This phase I trial evaluates the side effects of psilocybin and how well it works under supportive care conditions in cancer survivors living with demoralization and chronic pain. Cancer patients often experience demoralization, which is characterized by feelings of hopelessness, loss of meaning, and existential distress. Psilocybin psychotherapy, together with multidisciplinary palliative and supportive care, may help treat the anxiety, depression, and chronic pain felt by cancer survivors - defined here as cancer patients from time of diagnosis through the end-of-life. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine the safety, feasibility, and acceptability of a single administration of 25 mg psilocybin (psilocybin) provided under supportive conditions with multidisciplinary palliative care support (P-PC) in adult cancer survivors living with concurrent demoralization and chronic pain. EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVE: I. To evaluate for changes in demoralization, anxiety, depression, quality of life, pain, other symptoms, mysticism, awe, post-traumatic growth, social isolation, and psychosocial functioning from baseline to end-of-treatment to 3.5-month follow up. OUTLINE: Patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) and undergo observation for up to 8 hours on day 14. After completion of study intervention, patients are followed up on days 15, 21, 42, 56, and 98.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-07-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05506982", "keywords": "Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm, Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Psilocybin, CY-39, Indocybin, Psychotherapy, talk therapy, Quality-of-Life Assessment, Quality of Life Assessment, Questionnaire Administration, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05506982\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3581, "title": "Acceptability & Safety of Two Sequential Doses of Psilocybin in Bipolar Disorder II Depression and Suicidality", "normalized_title": "acceptability safety of two sequential doses of psilocybin in bipolar disorder ii depression and suicidality", "authors": "The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston", "abstract": "The purpose of the study is to assess the safety and acceptability of up to two sequential administrations of 25 mg psilocybin with additional therapeutic support in decreasing suicidality in patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD II) depression. This study aims to determine whether psilocybin paired with psychotherapy is a safe, feasible, and acceptable treatment for Bipolar II (BD II) depression, specifically, individuals experiencing suicidal ideation (without having an active plan or intention to act). The design is a non-randomized clinical trial, where patients will receive up to 2 doses of 25mg psilocybin in the context of psychological support informed by mindfulness-based CBT and typical elements of psychedelic treatments (e.g., preparation, intention setting, integration). The investigators will measure suicidality, depression, and acute experiences using validated questionnaires at multiple time points in the study. If this study shows psilocybin to be a feasible, acceptable, and safe treatment option, this would have huge implications for improving outcomes because highly effective treatment for suicidality in patients with Bipolar Disorder is still lacking.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-07-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06706232", "keywords": "Bipolar II Disorder, Depression, Bipolar, Suicidality, Psilocybin, Therapeutic Support, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06706232\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 395, "title": "Mapping psilocybin therapy: A systematic review of therapeutic frameworks, adaptations, and standardization across contemporary clinical trials.", "normalized_title": "mapping psilocybin therapy a systematic review of therapeutic frameworks adaptations and standardization across contemporary clinical trials", "authors": "Kittur ME, Burgos M LA, Jones BDM, Blumberger DM, Mulsant BH, Rosenblat JD, Husain MI.", "abstract": "Accumulating evidence suggests that psilocybin can produce rapid and sustained clinical benefits when administered in conjunction with psychological support. Though non-pharmacological procedures are considered integral, the field lacks therapeutic guidelines and little is known about current practices. This systematic review sought to provide a comprehensive and cross-diagnostic synthesis of current psilocybin therapy (PT) protocols across contemporary mental health related trials. Primary objectives were to define and compare PT models with respect to overall therapeutic framework, evidence-based psychotherapeutic adaptations, and therapeutic standardization measures. Database search identified 22 recent trials assessing psilocybin as treatment for major and treatment-resistant depression, medical condition-related distress, substance use, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and eating disorders. Cross-diagnostic review revealed broad consistency in therapeutic structure (i.e. before, during, and after psilocybin treatment), session themes, and external context during drug administration. However, trials varied in therapeutic intensity, diagnostic adaptations, and incorporation of evidence-based psychotherapies. Less than half of reviewed trials reported standardization measures such as manualized procedures, PT-specific training, or adherence and fidelity monitoring. With non-pharmacological treatment mechanisms still unclear, results highlight potential confounds and standardization gaps that undermine the replicability and generalizability of recent psilocybin interventions. Until adjunctive support protocols are adequately operationalized, mechanistic insight and uptake into clinical practice will remain a challenge.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.119952", "pubmed_id": "40684956", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119952", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40684956\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 608, "title": "Females in Psychedelic Research: A Perspective for Advancing Research and Practice.", "normalized_title": "females in psychedelic research a perspective for advancing research and practice", "authors": "Cohen ZZ, Blest-Hopley G", "abstract": "The influence of ovarian hormone fluctuations on neurochemistry, cognition, and psychological responses remains insufficiently examined in current psychedelic research and clinical protocols. Traditional practices and case studies underscore the importance of accounting for these factors in investigations of psychedelic effects. This opinion paper explores the critical intersections between female hormones and psychedelic experiences, informing improved research and practice. Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), the primary ovarian hormones, modulate neurotransmitter systems central to psychedelic pharmacology, including serotonin (5-HT), dopamine, GABA, and glutamate. These hormonal interactions affect interhemispheric communication, synaptic plasticity, mood, cognition, and behavior. Fluctuations across the menstrual cycle influence 5-HT2A receptor expression and functional connectivity, potentially modulating both the subjective intensity and therapeutic efficacy of psychedelics. Additionally, oscillations in female hormones across the menstrual and life cycles affect mindset, a significant factor in safe and effective psychedelic use. These findings suggest that female hormonal variability may play a pivotal role in psychedelic experiences. Incorporating menstrual phase tracking and hormonal assays in both clinical trials and observational studies can reduce data variability, support individualized care, and improve informed consent practices. This would improve data integrity and ensure that women are fully informed about the potential influence of their hormonal state on their psychedelic experience, supporting truly informed consent. This paper emphasizes the need for an improved understanding of the complex interplay between female-specific biology and psychedelic pharmacodynamics to advance safe, ethical, and effective psychedelic research and therapies for women.", "journal": "ACS pharmacology & translational science", "publication_date": "2025-07-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.5c00255", "pubmed_id": "40672681", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40672681/", "keywords": "estrogen, menstrual Cycle, progesterone, psilocybin, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40672681\"}", "topic_tags": "Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 538, "title": "Psychedelics for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Narrative Review with Candidate Mechanisms of Action.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for alcohol use disorder a narrative review with candidate mechanisms of action", "authors": "Miller EA, Capone C, Eaton E, Swift RM, Haass-Koffler CL.", "abstract": "Psychedelics have been studied since the 1950s as a potential treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), with over a dozen clinical trials of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and several contemporary trials of psilocybin and ayahuasca for this indication. Herein, we characterize foundational studies from the 1950s to the present, with emphasis on key design factors that varied considerably between published studies. Critically, those design factors include pharmacological factors, such as presence or absence of a placebo control and the nature of the placebo (e.g., ephedrine, dextroamphetamine, diphenhydramine, or low-dose LSD), and non-pharmacological factors, such as the treatment setting and the presence or absence of psychotherapy. We found that observational studies nearly uniformly show promising results, but trials in which psychedelics were tested against placebo or standard of care control groups have been more inconsistent in both outcomes and methodologies. Given the inconsistency in published results, we review candidate mechanisms of action for psychedelics in the context of AUD. We take a biopsychosocial approach, reviewing mechanisms spanning several different hierarchical levels of analysis, including cellular neuroplasticity, cognitive neuroscience, subjective experience, and social connection. Taken together, this review highlights key findings on both the efficacy and potential mechanisms of psychedelics for the treatment of AUD, which could motivate future studies in this rapidly developing field.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s40263-025-01199-z", "pubmed_id": "40640527", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-025-01199-z", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40640527\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 461, "title": "Unraveling the policies, legislations, and regulations of psychedelics in Australia, Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, and India.", "normalized_title": "unraveling the policies legislations and regulations of psychedelics in australia canada netherlands new zealand and india", "authors": "Joga R, Yerram S, Patnam JD, Choudhary KK, Varpe P, Raghuvanshi RS, Srivastava S.", "abstract": "BackgroundResearch into psychedelics has gained renewed interest due to their potential to address psychiatric, neurological, and other peripheral conditions. These substances offer long-term therapeutic benefits, contrasting with the side effects and limitations of current psychiatric medicines.ObjectiveThis study examines the legislations and regulatory frameworks for psychedelics in Australia, Canada, The Netherlands, New Zealand, and India, highlighting their varied approaches to legalization, medical use, and integration into healthcare systems.MethodsA comparative analysis of the regulatory landscapes in the selected countries was conducted, focusing on policies, clinical trial practices, and the ethical considerations surrounding psychedelics. Data were drawn from government documents, regulatory databases, and peer-reviewed literature.ResultsAustralia legalized MDMA for post-traumatic stress disorder and psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression, establishing a structured prescription system for authorized psychiatrists. Canada and The Netherlands supports therapeutic use through regulated clinical trials and limited exemptions under strict controls, reflecting cautious but progressive approaches. New Zealand demonstrates exploratory interest in psychedelics within a controlled regulatory framework. India maintains stringent prohibitions with severe penalties for possession and use, despite emerging research indicating potential medical benefits.ConclusionsAustralia, Canada, The Netherlands, and New Zealand have taken pioneering steps in integrating psychedelics into medical practice, guided by evolving scientific evidence and ethical considerations. In contrast, India's conservative regulatory stance highlights significant barriers to exploring the medical potential of psychedelics. As global perspectives shift, balancing scientific advancements with robust regulatory measures will be crucial for shaping public health policies and fostering therapeutic innovation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.healthpol.2025.105392", "pubmed_id": "40694950", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2025.105392", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Legislation, Drug, Health Policy, Canada, India, Australia, Netherlands, New Zealand", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40694950\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3216, "title": "Accurate and Interpretable Prediction of Antidepressant Treatment Response from Receptor-informed Neuroimaging", "normalized_title": "accurate and interpretable prediction of antidepressant treatment response from receptor informed neuroimaging", "authors": "Tolle HM, Luppi AI, Lawn T, Roseman L, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris RL, Mediano PAM.", "abstract": "Conventional antidepressants show moderate efficacy in treating major depressive disorder. Psychedelic-assisted therapy holds promise, yet individual responses vary, underscoring the need for predictive tools to guide treatment selection. Here, we present graphTRIP (graph-based Treatment Response Interpretability and Prediction) - a geometric deep learning architecture that enables three advances: 1) accurate prediction of post-treatment depression severity using only pretreatment clinical and neuroimaging data; 2) identification of robust biomarkers; and 3) causal analysis of treatment effects and underlying mechanisms. Trained on data from a clinical trial comparing psilocybin and escitalopram ( NCT03429075 ), graphTRIP achieves strong predictive accuracy ( r = 0.72, p = 6.8 ×10 −8 ), and shows clear generalization to both an independent dataset and across brain atlases. The model identifies stronger functional connectivity within sensory networks as a robust predictor of poorer response across both treatments. In contrast, causal analysis implicates frontoparietal and default mode networks as key moderators of differential response, with stronger 5-HT1A- and 5-HT2A-related signalling in the frontoparietal network predicting escitalopram response but psilocybin resistance. Overall, this work advances precision medicine and biomarker discovery in depression.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-07-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.07.02.662710", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.02.662710", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1046304\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 497, "title": "Single-dose (10 mg) psilocybin reduces symptoms in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A pharmacological challenge study", "normalized_title": "single dose 10 mg psilocybin reduces symptoms in adults with obsessive compulsive disorder a pharmacological challenge study", "authors": "Luca Pellegrini, Naomi Fineberg, Sorcha O'Connor, Ana Maria Frota Lisbôa Pereira de Souza, Kate Godfrey, Sara Reed, Joseph Peill, Mairead Healy, Cyrus Rohani-Shukla, Hakjun Lee, Robin Carhart-Harris, Trevor W. Robbins, David Nutt, David Erritzøe", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and disabling condition. A large proportion of patients fail to respond to first-line treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors either selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or clomipramine. Preliminary evidence suggests psilocybin, a serotonin receptor agonist, might be efficacious. We conducted a pharmacological challenge study to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of effect of psilocybin in OCD. This analysis reports the clinical outcomes only. METHODS: Participants with a diagnosis of OCD of at least moderate severity, received two single doses of oral psilocybin, 1 mg followed by 10 mg, administered in fixed order separated by 4 weeks. On the day of dosing, they were treated in a day-care facility in the presence of clinicians experienced in the use of psychedelics for treating mental disorders. Psychological support was provided before, during and after dosing. Participants and raters were blinded to the order of treatment. They were assessed on the day before each dose (baseline 1, 2), on the day of dosing and at intervals over a 4-week period afterward using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) (primary clinical outcome) and secondary clinical outcomes including the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Adverse effects were also recorded. RESULTS: Nineteen adult participants (aged 20-60) entered the study and 18 completed all assessments. Clinical outcomes following 1 mg and 10 mg psilocybin were compared using a linear mixed-effects model and ANOVA. A significant between-dosage effect favouring 10 mg psilocybin was found one-week after dosing on the Y-BOCS (Cohen's d = 0.82, p = 0.002). In particular, the effect one-week after dosing was statistically significant on the compulsion subscale of the Y-BOCS (Cohen's d: 0.74, p = 0.003), compared to obsession (Cohen's d: 0.50, p = 0.06). The effect diminished over the subsequent 3 weeks. No effect of psilocybin was detected on the MADRS. Psilocybin was well tolerated, with few adverse events reported at both dosages and no serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, which was limited by a small sample size and the absence of randomisation, a 10 mg dose of oral psilocybin was found to be well-tolerated and potentially efficacious in patients with OCD. Psilocybin produced a rapid-onset, moderate to large effect on compulsive symptoms, which lasted up to one week after dosing. Future randomised placebo-controlled clinical trials investigating a longer course of multiple weekly doses of 10 mg psilocybin are indicated in OCD and in other obsessive-compulsive and related disorders characterised by compulsions.", "journal": "Comprehensive Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-07-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152619", "pubmed_id": "40618640", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152619", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Obsessive compulsive, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411969620\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411969620\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":17,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1520909142\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981722146\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993810702\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994762590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017152382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054860630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092175415\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100861230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105875973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120747195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123822033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132908303\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136170254\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804047202\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914312460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914467484\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3020190048\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027044460\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163455677\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210913256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285809014\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318052073\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386580791\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386961159\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391678591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392369508\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393183628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394566107\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588870\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399572299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401339608\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403392138\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404836981\",\"https://openalex.org/W6852241356\",\"https://openalex.org/W6856462751\",\"https://openalex.org/W6863609036\",\"https://openalex.org/W6869077535\",\"https://openalex.org/W6878706972\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056272459\",\"display_name\":\"Luca Pellegrini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2855-2865\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046416771\",\"display_name\":\"Naomi Fineberg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-6900\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Sorcha O'Connor\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007953125\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Maria Frota Lisbôa Pereira de Souza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-7863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056222921\",\"display_name\":\"Kate Godfrey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-2382\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110741678\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Reed\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089523890\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Peill\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-4617\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011649514\",\"display_name\":\"Mairead Healy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106285226\",\"display_name\":\"Cyrus Rohani-Shukla\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101784305\",\"display_name\":\"Hakjun Lee\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-4256\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080762339\",\"display_name\":\"Trevor W. Robbins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0642-5977\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S110368005\",\"source_display_name\":\"Comprehensive Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152619\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411969620" }, { "id": 640, "title": "Disentangling the acute subjective effects of classic psychedelics from their enduring therapeutic properties.", "normalized_title": "disentangling the acute subjective effects of classic psychedelics from their enduring therapeutic properties", "authors": "Atiq MA, Baker MR, Voort JLV, Vargas MV, Choi DS", "abstract": "Recent research with classic psychedelics suggests significant therapeutic potential, particularly for neuropsychiatric disorders. A mediating influence behind symptom resolution is thought to be the personal insight - at times, bordering on the mystical - one acquires during the acute phase of a psychedelic session. Indeed, current clinical trials have found strong correlations between the acute subjective effects (ASE) under the influence of psychedelics and their enduring therapeutic properties. However, with potential barriers to widespread clinical implementation, including the healthcare resource-intensive nature of psychedelic sessions and the exclusion of certain at-risk patient groups, there is an active search to determine whether ASE elimination can be accompanied by the retention of persisting therapeutic benefits of these class of compounds. Recognizing the aberrant underlying neural circuitry that characterizes a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, and that classic psychedelics promote neuroplastic changes that may correct abnormal circuitry, investigators are rushing to design and discover compounds with psychoplastogenic, but not hallucinogenic (i.e., ASE), therapeutic potential. These efforts have paved the discovery of 'non-psychedelic/subjective psychedelics', or compounds that lack hallucinogenic activity but with therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models. This review aims to distill the current evidence - both clinical and preclinical - surrounding the question: can the ASE of classic psychedelics be dissociated from their sustained therapeutic properties? Several plausible clinical scenarios are then proposed to offer clarity on and potentially answer this question.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-024-06599-5", "pubmed_id": "38743110", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38743110/", "keywords": "5-HT2A, Acute subjective effects, Addiction, Classic psychedelics, Major depressive disorder, Neuropsychiatry, Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Substance use disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"38743110\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 618, "title": "Control Group Outcomes in Trials of Psilocybin, SSRIs, or Esketamine for Depression: A Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "control group outcomes in trials of psilocybin ssris or esketamine for depression a meta analysis", "authors": "Hieronymus F, López E, Werin Sjögren H, Lundberg J.", "abstract": "ImportancePsilocybin has demonstrated rapid and sustained antidepressant efficacy, with acute-phase effect sizes often more than double those for conventional antidepressants. However, concerns have been raised that high rates of functional unblinding in combination with trial participants with positive expectations of psychedelic use might bias treatment outcomes.ObjectiveTo compare outcomes for patients receiving control treatments in randomized clinical trials of psilocybin for depression with control treatment outcomes from trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and esketamine.Data sourcesTwo previous meta-analyses and 1 US Food and Drug Administration review published between March 2019 and December 2024 were used to identify double-blind trials on adult major depressive disorder (MDD) or treatment-resistant depression (TRD) that had a relevant control treatment arm and used the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) for symptom rating.Study selectionFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline, trials of psilocybin for MDD and TRD, esketamine for TRD, and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for MDD were selected. Studies that included only individuals aged younger than 18 years or older than 65 years, used a crossover design, or had a duration less than 2 weeks were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisAll authors assessed the 3 reviews for includable trials. Three authors independently extracted data for all trials, with disagreements resolved by consensus discussion. Data were pooled using random-effects models.Main outcomes and measuresStandardized mean change (SMC) in MADRS scores from baseline to up to 6 weeks after randomization was used to assess within-group effect sizes, and standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to assess between-group effect sizes. Omnibus Test of Moderators (QM) was used to test whether the study population significantly moderated effect sizes.ResultsThe study included 17 trials: 4 of psilocybin (n = 373), 2 of esketamine (n = 573), and 11 of SSRIs (n = 4014). Pretreatment to posttreatment SMCs (SEMs) were 1.21 (0.15) for psilocybin, 1.28 (0.06) for SSRIs, and 1.43 (0.15) for esketamine and were 0.50 (0.15), 1.00 (0.08), and 1.12 (0.17) for their respective control treatments. Study population was a significant moderator of between-group SMDs (QM, 10.7; df, 2; P =.005) and pre- to post-control treatment SMCs (QM, 10.4; df, 2; P =.005) but not of pre- to post-active treatment SMCs (QM, 1.21; df, 2; P =.55). MADRS response rates for control treatments in SSRI trials were 14 percentage points higher than in psilocybin trials and in esketamine trials were 23 percentage points higher than in psilocybin trials. Dropout rates for psilocybin (active treatment: 10 of 186 [5%]; control: 20 of 187 [11%]) and esketamine (active treatment: 43 of 349 [12%]; control: 18 of 224 [8%]) were similar and considerably lower than for SSRIs (active treatment: 866 of 2694 [32%]; control: 467 of 1320 [35%]).Conclusions and relevanceIn this meta-analysis of control treatment outcomes in trials of psilocybin, SSRIs, or esketamine for depression, participants receiving control treatment in psilocybin trials had significantly less improvement in depression ratings than participants receiving control treatment in trials of SSRIs or esketamine. This might indicate that psilocybin's antidepressant efficacy is overestimated compared with that of SSRIs and esketamine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.24119", "pubmed_id": "40736734", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.24119", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40736734\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 645, "title": "A Scoping Review of Research in Naturalistic Studies with Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "a scoping review of research in naturalistic studies with psychedelics", "authors": "Carvalho LC, Encantado J, Kettner H, Timmermann C, Veiga D, Teixeira PJ.", "abstract": "Psychedelic research has traditionally focused on controlled, clinical settings to evaluate the therapeutic potential of substances such as psilocybin. However, in recent years, there has been growing interest in naturalistic research, which explores psychedelic use in real-world settings. This review aims to critically analyze trends in naturalistic psychedelic research, focusing on sample demographics and the diversity of contextual factors across different settings. A systematic search in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science was conducted, including studies that involved the use of classic psychedelics in real-world settings. Two reviewers independently screened articles and extracted data on both sample and setting characteristics. A total of 103 studies were included, most of which employed a cross-sectional survey-based design (n = 54), with sample characteristics being widely reported, albeit with considerable variability across studies. Ayahuasca was the most frequently studied substance (66%), and ceremonial settings were the most commonly reported (35.9%). While sample characteristics were widely reported, there was significant variability. Specific contextual components, such as music, were often underreported, with longitudinal studies providing the most comprehensive details. This review highlights the need for systematic reporting standards in naturalistic psychedelic research to maximize its complementary value alongside clinical trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2025.2520221", "pubmed_id": "40581772", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2520221", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40581772\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 649, "title": "The Clinical Applications of Psilocybin Therapies and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.", "normalized_title": "the clinical applications of psilocybin therapies and post covid syndrome a comprehensive narrative review", "authors": "Mathew A, Dongre R, Kim SH, Turner J, Mathew A, Cherryholmes E, Mehrinfar M, Kamprath S.", "abstract": "The coronavirus variant (causing the COVID-19 disease) that led to a pandemic sent global shockwaves, resulting in long-term effects on physical, mental, and social well-being and impacting both individuals and communities. With the pandemic's notable impact on mental health, one such potential treatment discussed in recent literature is psilocybin. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring prodrug compound found in select mushrooms shown to reduce clinical symptoms of certain mental health disorders. In this study, we review the status and usage of psilocybin in clinical practice preceding and following the COVID-19 pandemic. The search criteria for the study included psilocybin or psychedelics or psychedelic-therapy psychiatry and long-haul COVID. The search spanned English articles from January 2020 to April 2024, utilizing the PsychInfo, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and PubMed databases. Two reviewers independently screened each record to decide if a study met the inclusion criteria and to account for bias. Each article researched different pathologies, including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and COVID-19. The manuscripts collectively emphasize that there is evidence that psilocybin has a role in the treatment of said pathologies, with relatively safe outcomes if administered under proper medical supervision. Psilocybin use was followed up for a relatively long period after some trials, but further research is warranted to draw a more definitive conclusion regarding the therapeutic uses of psilocybin. Our review reflects that barriers to using psilocybin therapeutically for long-haul COVID-19 exist, which significantly impacts the scope of our research. While evidence suggests its efficacy in mental health conditions such as depression and mood disorders, more robust clinical trials are needed. Current literature supports the pharmacological basis that psilocybin may be effective in treating COVID-19 sequelae. Psilocybin's role in inhibiting SARS-Cov-2 protease shows promise, but ultimately, in vitro validation will be necessary before wider approval of the drug. Lastly, large clinical trials comparing psilocybin to standard care and assessing symptom relief in long-term COVID patients may help validate the findings seen in much of the current literature.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.86659", "pubmed_id": "40718283", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.86659", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40718283\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 654, "title": "Long-term benefits of single-dose psilocybin in depressed patients with cancer", "normalized_title": "long term benefits of single dose psilocybin in depressed patients with cancer", "authors": "Manish Agrawal, Kim Roddy, Betsy Jenkins, Celia Leeks, Ezekiel Emanuel", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Patients with cancer often struggle with depression, which can negatively impact quality of life as well as be challenging to manage. METHODS: A phase 2 trial was conducted that demonstrated safety, feasibility, and efficacy of a single dose of psilocybin combined with psychological support in a community cancer setting in 30 patients with cancer and a major depressive disorder. Here, efficacy outcomes at 2 years' follow-up are reported. RESULTS: Of 28 patients, 15 (53.6%) demonstrated significant reduction in depression as measured by the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (average, -15.0 points from baseline; p", "journal": "Cancer", "publication_date": "2025-06-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/cncr.35889", "pubmed_id": "40518804", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35889", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Rating scale, Depression (economics), Anxiety, Quality of life (healthcare), Cancer, Internal medicine, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Oncology, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Nursing, Macroeconomics, Developmental psychology, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411327114\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411327114\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153153465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940589604\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W6959427619\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036339125\",\"display_name\":\"Kim Roddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108886818\",\"display_name\":\"Betsy Jenkins\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5118154767\",\"display_name\":\"Celia Leeks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012567636\",\"display_name\":\"Ezekiel Emanuel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-5735\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S126033908\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cancer\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35889\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411327114" }, { "id": 656, "title": "Evaluation of behavioural and neurochemical effects of psilocybin in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress", "normalized_title": "evaluation of behavioural and neurochemical effects of psilocybin in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress", "authors": "Ines Erkizia-Santamaría, Igor Horrillo, Nerea Martínez-Álvarez, Daniel Pérez-Martínez, Guadalupe Rivero, Amaia M. Erdozain, J. Javier Meana, Jorge E. Ortega", "abstract": "Depression and anxiety are disabling and high incidence mental disorders characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity. Currently available treatments show severe limitations. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective treatments in this population. In the search for novel rapid-acting antidepressants, the psychedelic psilocybin has emerged as a promising therapy in several clinical trials. However, its antidepressant mechanism of action is still not well understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in ameliorating the adverse behavioural and neurochemical consequences of chronic stress. To this end, a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) animal model was used, and psilocybin treatment was administered (two doses of 1 mg/kg, i.p., administered 7 days apart). Psilocybin reversed impairments in anhedonia and behavioural despair dimensions of depressive phenotype but not in apathy-related behaviour. Psilocybin administration was also able to exert an anxiolytic-like effect on treated animals. Physiological alterations caused by stress, indicative of a hyperactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), were not reversed by psilocybin. When neuroplasticity-related proteins were assessed in cerebral cortex, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was found to be decreased in stressed animals, and treatment did not reverse such impairment. Psilocybin administration increased the expression and function of serotonin-2A-receptor (5HT2AR) in brain cortex of control and CUMS groups. Furthermore, psilocybin treatment caused a selective increase in the expression of glucocorticoid-receptor (GR) in brain cortex of CUMS mice. In conclusion, psilocybin was able to rescue impairments in the depressive phenotype, and to induce anxiolytic-like effects. Furthermore, an enhancement in sensitivity to psilocybin-induced HTR was observed following a booster dose. Altogether, this work provides new knowledge on the putative benefit/risk actions of psilocybin and contributes to the understanding of the therapeutic mechanism of action of psychedelics.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-06-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-025-03421-4", "pubmed_id": "40517150", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03421-4", "keywords": "Neurochemical, Psilocybin, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychology, Neuroscience, Chronic stress, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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Erkizia-Santamaría\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-4571\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028869928\",\"display_name\":\"Igor Horrillo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-5884\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115558540\",\"display_name\":\"Nerea Martínez-Álvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Daniel Pérez-Martínez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066437036\",\"display_name\":\"Guadalupe Rivero\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-4047\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000178647\",\"display_name\":\"Amaia M. Erdozain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0207-9122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024198476\",\"display_name\":\"J. Javier Meana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7913-6714\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033481973\",\"display_name\":\"Jorge E. Ortega\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-874X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03421-4\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411302754" }, { "id": 3611, "title": "A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Multiple Doses of MLS101 (Psilocybin) in Healthy Participants", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 study to evaluate the safety tolerability and pharmacokinetics of multiple doses of mls101 psilocybin in healthy participants", "authors": "MycoMedica Life Sciences PBC", "abstract": "MLS101 is being developed as a low dose psilocybin, that can be administered to treat neurological and psychiatric conditions. The purpose of this clinical trial is to assess how safe and tolerated MLS101 is; to see how MLS101 is distributed and cleared by the body (pharmacokinetics); and to assess the psychedelic effects of MLS101 in healthy, adult participants. In recent years, high-dose psilocybin has gained attention for it potential therapeutic benefit in many psychiatric conditions, however existing clinical data for low psilocybin doses are limited. Microdoses are generally considered to be those absent of profound sensory and cognitive effects that would interfere with normal everyday functioning, but only a small number of prospective studies have evaluated microdoses and/or low doses in a controlled manner. As a foundational study of the therapeutic use of psilocybin microdoses, this study will assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and sensorial effects using a prospective, controlled, multiple dose regimen in healthy volunteers.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-06-11", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06643637", "keywords": "Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin, MLS101, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06643637\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 433, "title": "Long-term outcomes of single-dose psilocybin for U.S. military Veterans with severe treatment-resistant depression - 12-month data from an open-label pilot study", "normalized_title": "long term outcomes of single dose psilocybin for u s military veterans with severe treatment resistant depression 12 month data from an open label pilot study", "authors": "Sara Ellis, Catherine Bostian, Anna J. Donnelly, Wendy Feng, Katherine Eisen, Melanie Lean, Elizabeth Conlan, Michael J. Ostacher, Scott T. Aaronson, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2025-06-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.119655", "pubmed_id": "40499827", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119655", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Term (time), Psychiatry, Open label, Medicine, Psychology, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Economics, Physics, Macroeconomics, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411137642\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411137642\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1905269802\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978161441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073441573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120460120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2187253811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2225653379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2488476603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792996600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810880335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000386776\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036684920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152628277\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396521040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402500386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406254344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411392672\",\"https://openalex.org/W6761549762\",\"https://openalex.org/W6790052311\",\"https://openalex.org/W6872944616\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108335177\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Ellis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107647965\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bostian\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102767216\",\"display_name\":\"Anna J. Donnelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1992-2763\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103133978\",\"display_name\":\"Wendy Feng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8664-9745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052980069\",\"display_name\":\"Katherine Eisen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-4002\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078628093\",\"display_name\":\"Melanie Lean\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3654-9914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107534089\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Conlan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064731301\",\"display_name\":\"Michael J. Ostacher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0353-7535\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103093946\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-4045\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006219749\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119655\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411137642" }, { "id": 652, "title": "Classic Psychedelics in Pain Modulation: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Future Perspectives.", "normalized_title": "classic psychedelics in pain modulation mechanisms clinical evidence and future perspectives", "authors": "Czopek A, Jończyk J, Fryc M, Kluzik D, Zagórska A.", "abstract": "Millions worldwide suffer from chronic pain, a complex condition often accompanied by depression and anxiety, highlighting the urgent need for innovative treatments. Classic psychedelics, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), primarily act on serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and have emerged as potential modulators of pain perception and mood regulation. These substances may offer an alternative to conventional analgesics, such as opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), by influencing neuroplasticity, descending pain modulation pathways, and inflammatory processes. Evidence from case studies, preclinical research, and early phase clinical trials suggests that psychedelics may alleviate pain in conditions such as cluster headaches, migraines, fibromyalgia, and chronic pain syndromes. However, the exact mechanisms underlying their analgesic properties are yet to be fully understood. While psychedelics show promise in reshaping pain management strategies, rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to establish their safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for chronic pain and emphasizes the necessity of further research to validate their role in modern pain medicine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152", "pubmed_id": "40474592", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Pain, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Analgesics, Hallucinogens, Pain Management, Chronic Pain", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40474592\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3672, "title": "Low-Income Group Psilocybin Assisted Therapy for Depression: A Feasibility Study", "normalized_title": "low income group psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a feasibility study", "authors": "Matthew Hicks", "abstract": "Due to psilocybin-assisted therapy's success in previous research, growing cultural awareness and use of psilocybin and other psychedelics, the Oregon Psilocybin Services Act passed by ballot measure in 2020 and began offering services in 2023. While the program has had many successes, a significant problem it faces is affordability and no research to date has investigated the therapy in a low-income population. Psychedelic research in recent decades has used the model of two therapists to one client to demonstrate an abundance of caution and safety to regulators, but no evidence has demonstrated this model to be safer or more effective than one with less practitioner oversight. This feasibility study would be the first investigation of Oregon Psilocybin Services as a model of care and among the first few to use a group therapy model. This study aims to test the feasibility of the model by assessing recruitment, retention, acceptability and safety of the treatment. In addition to an appropriate medical screening and intake the following questionnaire data will be collected: the Adverse Childhood Events (ACE) questionnaire, Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ), Hamilton Depression Inventory, PROMIS-29, Altered States of Consciousness (11-ASC) rating scale, and a survey and structured interview. Participants will consist of adults in Oregon with an income at or below 200% of the federal poverty level. Inclusion criteria will include DSM-5 diagnosis of major depression. Participants will be individually screened by a study investigator and placed into groups of five to six participants. Treatment will consist of two group preparation sessions, two psilocybin sessions, and two group integration sessions. An additional follow-up visit to collect further data will take place three months after conclusion of the treatment. The proposed study will provide valuable information for designing future clinical trials investigating the efficacy, mechanisms, and cost-effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted group therapy for depression in low-income populations.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-06-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06372197", "keywords": "Depression, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06372197\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3480, "title": "Optimizing Microdosing and Meditation", "normalized_title": "optimizing microdosing and meditation", "authors": "National University of Natural Medicine", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to test the feasibility of combining meditation with psilocybin microdosing in healthy adults. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Recruitment and retention feasibility 2. Acceptability, Safety and Tolerability 3. Exploratory Measures: 3.1: Explore potential changes in sleep quality and duration, heart rate variability, and other biometric outcomes captured by the Oura Ring (3rd generation). 3.2: Explore potential changes in quality of life scores 3.3: Explore potential differences in altered states of consciousness across groups 3.4: Explore qualitative data collected during sessions and at follow-up to assess satisfaction and receive feedback about the intervention. Every participant will receive the psilocybin microdosing intervention, however, half of the participants will be randomly selected to receive the meditation intervention. Research has shown that both meditation and high doses of psilocybin can produce enhanced feelings of well-being that persist. When combined, the synergistic effects might be more than the sum of the parts when treating mental health challenges like depression. The results for microdosing, on the other hand, are mixed, and there have yet to be studies on the synergy between microdosing and meditation. If the synergy between microdoses of psilocybin and meditation is significant, this suggests the possibility of a safe, effective, and low-cost intervention involving group-based meditation training and practice combined with a psilocybin microdosing protocol. The Oregon Psilocybin Services program provides a unique opportunity to test this possibility in the context of services now legally available to clients, allowing researchers to assess the safety and efficacy in a real-life context. Project aims and methods This study aims to test the feasibility of the model by assessing recruitment, retention, acceptability, safety, and preliminary efficacy of the intervention. In addition to an appropriate medical screening and intake we will collect questionnaire data using the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ), PROMIS-29, Five Facet of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Altered States of Consciousness (11-ASC) rating scale, and a survey and structured interview. During a one week wash-in period, the intervention period, and for one month after the intervention, Oura rings will be used to collect over 20 biometric data points including sleep quality, respiration rate, heart rate variability, and more. Participants will consist of adults in Oregon that will be individually screened by a study investigator and then randomized into two arms. One arm will receive microdosing only consisting of one group preparation session and two microdosing sessions per week for two weeks. The other arm will receive the same microdosing protocol with the addition of morning online meditation practice Monday through Friday for both weeks, and will utilize meditation practices during their microdose sessions. The meditation sessions will include opportunities for the group to discuss their meditation experiences and a psychoeducational component to further improve outcomes. This content will provide participants with a better understanding of the ruminations that interrupt their focus while meditating and encourage greater distance from, and less distress concerning, those thoughts. Expected outcomes The authors hypothesize that the model will be feasible if we are able to recruit at least 20 out of 24 expected participants, have an 80% retention rate of participants during the two week intervention period, participants on average rate their satisfaction of the intervention as 3.0 or higher on a 5-point scale, there are no more than ten adverse events or more than one serious adverse event, and data from exploratory measures indicate that further investigation is warranted. Despite the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granting Breakthrough Therapy status to psilocybin for the treatment of depression,56 it remains on the Drug Enforcement Agency's (DEA) Schedule I list of controlled substances alongside heroin and cocaine. While the DEA and the FDA have become increasingly more willing to grant waivers for research into psychedelic drugs, the proposed study does not require such a waiver to comply with the law. This is due to the unique construction of Oregon's Psilocybin Services Act (Chapter 475A of Oregon Statutes). The state law creates a program wherein licensed growers, inspected by licensed laboratories, can distribute psilocybin mushrooms to licensed service centers. It is only within the approved boundaries of these service centers and while supervised by a licensed facilitator that the mushrooms can be consumed by clients who must stay on site for a designated amount of time that depends on the dose. According to Oregon Health Authority Administrative rule 333-333-5130, facilitators of psilocybin service are prohibited from (1) practicing any other scope of practice they may have (e.g. naturopathic medicine) while facilitating, and (2) handling, selling, or transferring psilocybin at any time. Thus, while it is technically true that growers, services centers, and clients are liable for trafficking and possession of a Schedule I substance, the federal government has adopted a policy of allowing state programs such as this in a manner similar to their policy on cannabis. Complying with Oregon law means that study investigators are not administering or providing psilocybin, but instead are studying the facilitation of the services. At the request of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the National University of Natural Medicine (NUNM) for a similar study, this rationale was confirmed via direct communication with the regional DEA office who agreed with this interpretation of both federal and state law. Participants are given clear information on their liability in order to provide consent.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-06-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06560658", "keywords": "Meditation, Microdosing, Psilocybin, psilocybin microdosing, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06560658\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Consciousness,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 666, "title": "Psilocybin’s acute and persistent brain effects: a precision imaging drug trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s acute and persistent brain effects a precision imaging drug trial", "authors": "Subha Subramanian, Travis Rick Reneau, Demetrius Perry, Ravi V. Chacko, Timothy O. Laumann, Karin Flavin, Christine Horan, Julia Schweiger, Nicholas V. Metcalf, Eric J. Lenze, Abraham Z. Snyder, Nico U.F. Dosenbach, Ginger E. Nicol, Joshua S. Siegel", "abstract": "Psilocybin (PSIL) is a psychedelic drug and a promising experimental therapeutic for many psychiatric conditions. Precision functional mapping (PFM) combines densely repeated resting state fMRI sampling and individual-specific network mapping to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and effect size in brain imaging research. We present a randomized cross-over study in which PFM was used to characterize acute and persistent effects of psilocybin or methylphenidate (MTP) on brain networks. Seven healthy volunteers (mean age 34.1 years, SD = 9.8; n = 3 females, n = 6 Caucasians) underwent (1) extensive baseline imaging, (2) imaging beginning 60-90 minutes after drug exposure, and (3) longitudinal imaging for up to two weeks after drug exposure. Four individuals also participated in an open-label PSIL replication protocol over 6 months later. This dataset includes resting state (using advanced high-resolution multi-echo fMRI), task fMRI, structural, and diffusion basis spectral imaging as well as assessments of subjective experience. We are releasing this unique dataset as a resource for neuroscientists to study the acute and persistent effects of PSIL and MTP on brain networks.", "journal": "Scientific Data", "publication_date": "2025-06-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41597-025-05189-0", "pubmed_id": "40473634", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05189-0", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Neuroimaging, Drug, Drug trial, Medicine, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Psychology, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411071772\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411071772\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973776237\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983208069\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984453610\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027270401\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041127567\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042049661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058253334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110437310\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118879132\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129340715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130320505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136573752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138959943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145626389\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151936673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167822639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2556623269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2597348720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737241688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741941708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2743362255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789530810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802032956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802442632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901877120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2922869953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951103577\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974338024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991634959\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995276946\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035149259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3101545983\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196656341\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205506305\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211262802\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220838968\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297984090\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387022287\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387105816\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103234980\",\"display_name\":\"Subha Subramanian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9231-3922\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Travis Rick Reneau\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108956430\",\"display_name\":\"Demetrius Perry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037155904\",\"display_name\":\"Ravi V. Chacko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3559-4497\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077116460\",\"display_name\":\"Timothy O. Laumann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0428-427X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117082814\",\"display_name\":\"Karin Flavin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044121453\",\"display_name\":\"Christine Horan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068518210\",\"display_name\":\"Julia Schweiger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-6164\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037717667\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas V. Metcalf\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053095971\",\"display_name\":\"Eric J. Lenze\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0471-9368\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026837899\",\"display_name\":\"Abraham Z. Snyder\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3379-9627\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024114285\",\"display_name\":\"Nico U.F. Dosenbach\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-7078\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100674659\",\"display_name\":\"Ginger E. Nicol\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5823-6129\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075343216\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua S. Siegel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5752-3641\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2607323502\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Data\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05189-0\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411071772" }, { "id": 587, "title": "Neurocognitive effects of psilocybin: A systematic and comprehensive review of neuroimaging studies in humans.", "normalized_title": "neurocognitive effects of psilocybin a systematic and comprehensive review of neuroimaging studies in humans", "authors": "Berkovitch L, Fauvel B, Preller KH, Gaillard R.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a psychedelic serotonergic compound that is renowned for its potent psychoactive effects. Over the past 15 years, an increasing number of controlled clinical trials showed that it has a fast-acting and sustainable efficacy in treating various psychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging studies have been conducted with the objective of elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the subjective and therapeutic effects of psilocybin. However, the diversity of neuroimaging techniques, tasks, and analytical approaches makes it difficult to gain a comprehensive overview of psilocybin's effects on the brain. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a systematic review in the Medline, Psychinfo and Cochrane databases between January 1, 1990, and May 9, 2025, following PRISMA recommendations. A total of 81 articles met the inclusion criteria. A variety of neuroimaging techniques were employed in small samples of healthy volunteers and patients with medical conditions. The studies investigated the effects of psilocybin on brain activity and connectivity, both at rest and during cognitive tasks. They revealed that psilocybin reproducibly impacted neuronal networks such as the default mode network. However, other findings were more inconsistent. Psilocybin effects on the brain were associated with acute alterations in self-experience, sensory and emotional processing, and sustained effects on mood, personality, and social functioning. In patients with depression, clinical outcomes correlated with brain changes. This review indicates that psilocybin induces acute and long-lasting functional brain changes. While these neuroimaging data require confirmation and further expansion, they shed light on the mechanisms of psilocybin's acute subjective and therapeutic effects in humans.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106239", "pubmed_id": "40456393", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106239", "keywords": "Brain, Nerve Net, Humans, Hallucinogens, Cognition, Neuroimaging, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40456393\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3069, "title": "Understanding the Psychological Effects of Psilocybin and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in a Non-Clinical Population", "normalized_title": "understanding the psychological effects of psilocybin and 3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine in a non clinical population", "authors": "Fitzgerald PB, Webb SL, Denning NC, Dowie T, Schweickle MM, Modak A, Chan G, Knight J, Waldron M, Gainsford K, Hawkes H, Zammit S, Sutanto NC, Fitzgibbon BM, Bailey NW.", "abstract": "Objective Despite many decades of experimental studies and clinical trials involving a variety of psychedelic agents, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the effects of these substances on psychological experiences. As such, we designed and conducted a study to comprehensively characterise the effects of both psilocybin and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on a range of psychological outcomes in a substantive non-clinical population. Methods This study involved a single dose administration of psilocybin or MDMA in healthy individuals in a group setting (2-4 people per session). All participants underwent a single preparation session, a drug exposure session, and an integration session within 72 hours of dosing. Outcome assessments were conducted at a pre-dosing baseline, 1-3 days post dose (side effects only), one week post dose and at 3 month follow up (the later time point data is not included here). Results Of 48 participants, 25 initially received MDMA and 23 psilocybin. Ten cross-over participants received MDMA and then psilocybin and six participants received both in the reverse order: making a total of 31 MDMA and 33 psilocybin dosing sessions. In the week after dosing, we found significant changes in personality (a reduction in neuroticism and increase in extraversion), mindfulness, and connectedness following the administration of psilocybin but not MDMA. Psilocybin also produced significantly stronger mystical experiences compared to MDMA, and there was a significant correlation between the magnitude of these mystical experiences and changes in connectedness and mindfulness (but not changes in personality). Of note, participants seemed more comfortable with, and preferred, larger group sizes when being administered MDMA than psilocybin. Discussion Our results identified a range of short-term psychological effects in non-clinical participants following a single dose of psilocybin, that were not reported following a single dose of MDMA. Notably, our results indicate that these effects following psilocybin may be moderated through its induction of mystical experiences, as has been previously hypothesised. Although preliminary, our results also suggest that larger group dosing sessions seem more feasible with MDMA than psilocybin.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-05-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.05.28.25328532", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.28.25328532", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1027915\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Personality Change,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 689, "title": "The Potential Role of Psilocybin in Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery: A Narrative Review.", "normalized_title": "the potential role of psilocybin in traumatic brain injury recovery a narrative review", "authors": "Palmer C, Ferber AT, Greenwald BD.", "abstract": "Background: This narrative review explores psilocybin's potential use as a therapeutic agent in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: We engaged in a search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane's databases for information on the effects of psilocybin. We also reviewed articles where psilocybin was used in patients with TBI. Articles from 2000-2025 were included. Results: A total of 29 articles met our initial inclusion criteria. Additionally, 13 articles were obtained from reference lists and 3 more articles on the legality of psilocybin from public websites. Conclusions: Assisted psilocybin use may have benefits in TBI by reducing inflammation, promoting neuroplasticity and neuroregeneration, and alleviating associated mood disorders. Positive findings in related fields, like treatment for depression and addiction, highlight the necessity for more extensive clinical trials on psilocybin's role in TBI recovery.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci15060572", "pubmed_id": "40563744", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15060572", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40563744\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 881, "title": "Clinical pharmacology.", "normalized_title": "clinical pharmacology", "authors": "Vogt SB, Liechti ME.", "abstract": "To design therapeutic trials and select the most appropriate substance and dose for an indication, a detailed understanding of clinical pharmacology is crucial. In recent years, several studies have explored the human pharmacology of different psychedelics and 3,4-methylendioxymethylamphetamin (MDMA). This chapter summarizes pharmacological characteristics of the serotonergic psychedelics psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), 5-methoxy-DMT (5-MeO-DMT), and MDMA. We summarize their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, metabolism, and safety, with a focus on human data from modern clinical trials. Additionally, we provide recommendations for dosing, dose adjustment, and interactions with other medications. We show that the different serotonergic psychedelics produce overall comparable acute subjective and somatic effects primarily through interactions with 5-HT2A receptors. However, the exact mechanisms of their potential therapeutic benefits in patients remain to be elucidated. Moreover, classic psychedelics differ substantially in their pharmacokinetics and metabolism, resulting mainly in different durations of action, which may influence their suitability for specific therapeutic uses and indications. In contrast, MDMA has a psychopharmacological profile that is distinct from serotonergic psychedelics, characterized by acute stimulant-like and empathogenic effects. In terms of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships, acute effects of the psychedelics mirror their plasma-concentration-time curves, whereas acute effects of MDMA are shorter-lasting than its presence in the body. Thus, MDMA, but not the psychedelics, exhibits marked acute pharmacological tolerance. A good understanding of the pharmacology of classic psychedelics and MDMA forms the basis for their clinical use and the design of clinical therapeutic trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2025.02.003", "pubmed_id": "40541320", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2025.02.003", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Pharmacology, Clinical, Clinical Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40541320\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 588, "title": "Lessons learned from the regulatory alignment in ketamine, esketamine and arketamine clinical trials: A cross-sectional analysis of protocols from ClinicalTrials.gov.", "normalized_title": "lessons learned from the regulatory alignment in ketamine esketamine and arketamine clinical trials a cross sectional analysis of protocols from clinicaltrials gov", "authors": "Swieczkowski D, Kwaśny A, Sadko K, Pruc M, Gaca Z, Szarpak L, Cubała WJ.", "abstract": "Ketamine and its enantiomers, esketamine and arketamine, have emerged as promising treatments for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This cross-sectional study evaluates the regulatory alignment of 40 clinical trials listed on ClinicalTrials.gov, focusing on the methodological challenges. The study highlights methodological inconsistencies, particularly around the challenges of functional unblinding caused by ketamine's dissociative effects, addressing expectancy bias, and the inadequate safety monitoring practices in many trials. A notable concern is the variability in blinding techniques, with many trials failing to adequately mask the perceptual effects of ketamine, potentially compromising outcome assessments. Furthermore, the placebo response, which accounts for a significant portion of treatment effects, was not consistently managed across trials, and safety strategies, particularly for monitoring adverse events such as dissociation and abuse potential, were not uniformly robust. Another critical issue is the lack of long-term follow-up in most trials, limiting the understanding of ketamine's safety profile over extended periods. The findings emphasize the need for harmonized and rigorous methodological frameworks to support the effective use of ketamine and its enantiomers in clinical practice. The potential lessons learned from these trials could be instrumental in guiding future research on other psychedelics currently under investigation for mental health disorders, such as psilocybin and DMT, ensuring both efficacy and safety in future therapeutic approaches. Such harmonization will be crucial to improve regulatory approval and achieve therapeutic success in real-world applications, making these treatments more accessible and reliable for patients with TRD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116559", "pubmed_id": "40440859", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116559", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Antidepressive Agents, Cross-Sectional Studies, Clinical Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Outcome Assessment, Health Care", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40440859\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 885, "title": "Serotonergic psychedelics for depression: A comprehensive overview.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic psychedelics for depression a comprehensive overview", "authors": "Wingert AM, Agnorelli C, Peill J, Reed S, Nutt DJ, Erritzoe D.", "abstract": "Depressive disorders continue to pose a major clinical challenge worldwide, particularly given the high prevalence and increasing number of treatment-resistant cases. Over the past decade, advances in research have elucidated the antidepressant potential of psilocybin and other 5-HT₂A receptor agonists in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Phase I and II clinical trials have consistently demonstrated that even a single administration can yield rapid and sustained symptom reduction. These effects compare favourably with conventional pharmacotherapies such as SSRIs and ketamine. The distinctive pharmacological profile and robust safety data associated with serotonergic psychedelics make them particularly promising candidates, especially for patients who do not respond to standard treatments. Nonetheless, several challenges impede their integration into routine clinical practice, including the resource-intensive nature of psychedelic-assisted therapy, which demands specialized training and controlled settings. Despite those limitations, some countries including Australia, Switzerland or Canada are paving the way by allowing the use of psilocybin in TRD cases. This chapter reviews the antidepressant potential of psilocybin, DMT, ayahuasca and 5-MeO-DMT based on modern clinical trial data, comparing effect sizes of psychedelics to conventional treatments like SSRIs and ketamine, and provides a brief overview of their potential neurobiological mechanisms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2025.04.009", "pubmed_id": "40541312", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2025.04.009", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40541312\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3426, "title": "A Phase 2a, Placebo-Controlled Randomized, Double-Blind Trial to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Preliminary Efficacy of Psilocybin Oral Solution in Adults With Generalized Anxiety Disorder", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a placebo controlled randomized double blind trial to evaluate the safety tolerability and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin oral solution in adults with generalized anxiety disorder", "authors": "Queen's University", "abstract": "This Phase 2a clinical trial is designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of a 3 mg dose of psilocybin oral solution for the treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). The study consists of three sequential phases: Screening Phase (up to 4 weeks), Open-label Run-in Phase (4 weeks), Double-blind Treatment Phase (4 weeks) Screening Phase During the Screening Visit, participants will provide informed consent and undergo a comprehensive medical evaluation, including an abbreviated psychiatric assessment, to determine eligibility. To qualify, patients must have a clinician-rated Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) score ≥14. Additionally, participants must not be on regular anxiolytic treatment or must have discontinued such treatment at least 4 weeks prior to the start of the Open-label Run-in Phase. Open-label Run-in Phase Eligible patients will proceed to the 4-week Open-label Run-in Phase. During this phase, patients will attend four weekly clinic visits, supplemented by weekly remote contacts (via phone or email). At different timepoints during the OL Run-in Phase, participants will complete safety assessments, undergo cognitive testing and EEG and other patient reported outcomes (PROs). Double-blind Treatment Phase Participants who demonstrate a treatment response during the Open-label Phase-defined as a ≥50% reduction in GAD-7 score from baseline-will be randomized 1:1 to receive either psilocybin oral solution or placebo at the Double-blind Baseline Visit. Patients not meeting the response criteria will undergo End-of-Treatment (ET) procedures at this visit. At different timepoints during the DB Treatment Phase, participants will complete safety assessments, undergo cognitive testing and EEG and other patient reported outcomes (PROs). Completion of the End of Treatment (ET) phase will be 2 weeks to further assess safety and PROs.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-05-12", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06969170", "keywords": "Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Psilocybin (drug), Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06969170\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 546, "title": "Set and setting of psychedelics for therapeutic use in psychiatry: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "set and setting of psychedelics for therapeutic use in psychiatry a systematic review", "authors": "Estric C, Duron T, Kabani S, Lopez-Castroman J.", "abstract": "Psychedelics offer promising outcomes in psychiatry. However, the preparation of participants (set) and the environmental conditions of taking a psychedelic (setting) are not standardized. We describe the set and setting for therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs in people with psychiatric disorders. In this systematic review, articles were identified in the PubMed and Web of Science databases until 12 December 2023. Only clinical trials published in English or French were eligible, and studies using psychedelics for withdrawal were excluded. Sixteen domains of set and setting were assessed covering participant selection, pre- and post-session interventions, monitor presence, environmental management, and end-of-session procedure. Of 4912 articles screened, 27 articles were retained reporting on 25 studies. Thirteen of the included studies reported randomized trials, while 12 were open-label studies, on a total of 763 participants. Studies considered features of set and setting to different extents. Participant selection and the creation of a safe environment were consistently present, but articles were more heterogeneous about reporting monitor training (52%), controlling visual distractors (64%) and creating a pleasant environment (68%). Psilocybin was over-represented (47%). Many key elements were described in each study, but differences in set and setting limit comparability and reproducibility. Harmonizing these aspects would aid the interpretation of future studies and help understand the effect of psychedelics in psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-11", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251338214", "pubmed_id": "40353492", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251338214", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40353492\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 629, "title": "Non-hallucinogenic psychedelics for mood and anxiety disorders: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "non hallucinogenic psychedelics for mood and anxiety disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Chen MJQ, Chen-Li D, Chisamore N, Husain MI, Di Vincenzo JD, Mansur RB, Phan L, Johnson D, McIntyre RS, Rosenblat JD.", "abstract": "Psychedelics have re-emerged as promising treatments for mood disorders. The current model provides a moderate-to-high dose of a psychedelic agent (e.g., psilocybin) to reliably induce an altered state of consciousness. Unfortunately, the hallucinatory effects limit the treatment's potential scalability given patients' vulnerability and extensive monitoring costs, leading to growing interest in non-hallucinatory psychedelics (NHPs). This review's objective was to identify, summarize and synthesize all published pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluating NHPs for mood and anxiety disorders. We included five animal studies demonstrating antidepressant-like effects through assessments like forced swim test (FST) and open field test (OFT) without observing head-twitch response (HTR), and one case report that identified a patient who inadvertently combined trazodone and psilocybin and experienced potent antidepressant effects without psychedelic effects. These preliminary findings provide a strong impetus for further investigation in human samples with rigorously designed clinical trials that may delineate the potential antidepressant effects of psychedelics without hallucinatory effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116532", "pubmed_id": "40354769", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116532", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40354769\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 706, "title": "Divergent Effects of Psilocybin for 2 Patients Participating in a Psilocybin-assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Trial for Major Depressive Disorder.", "normalized_title": "divergent effects of psilocybin for 2 patients participating in a psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy trial for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Weintraub MJ, Miklowitz DJ, Jeffrey JK.", "abstract": "We present divergent experiences of 2 patients who participated in a clinical trial of psilocybin-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder. Both patients participated in an open trial involving 2 drug administration sessions separated by one month (10 and 25 mg, respectively) along with 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy. The first of the 2 patients had powerful and beneficial experiences on psilocybin that led to immediate and sustained antidepressant effects over the 7-month study. The second participant reported significant challenges with psilocybin and minimal to no antidepressant effects following the drug administration. We present the clinicians' experiences who treated both patients. Finally, we theorize and discuss areas of future research to elucidate how psilocybin can yield the greatest psychiatric benefit, the conditions within the patient that can lead to (or inhibit) psychiatric benefit, and the psychosocial environment that can best facilitate psilocybin therapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1097/pra.0000000000000853", "pubmed_id": "40440674", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/pra.0000000000000853", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Psilocybin, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40440674\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4386, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy shows range of benefits in cancer patients", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy shows range of benefits in cancer patients", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psychotherapy in combination with pharmacological treatments is often used to treat affective symptoms in patients with cancer. However, the effectiveness of the most commonly used medications is limited by the risk of adverse effects. Two ­placebo-controlled trials have found that patients with cancer-related psychiatric distress experienced rapid and sustained reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms following one session of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. A new analysis of data from the two studies examined the effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on a broader range of psychiatric symptoms. The trials employed a crossover design in which patients with cancer received high-dose psilocybin in one session and a control of niacin or low-dose psilocybin in the other. Investigators used the Brief Symptom Inventory to evaluate the effect of psilocybin-assisted therapy on nine psychiatric symptom dimensions: anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, obsession-compulsion, somatization, paranoia, phobia, and psychosis. Among the studies' 79 participants, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy significantly improved anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, obsession-compulsion, and somatization. Psilocybin-assisted therapy also did not induce lasting paranoia, phobia, or psychosis, with the study's authors writing that these findings add “further evidence that psilocybin can be safely administered following rigorous screening under close medical supervision.” The researchers attributed the multidimensional effects of psilocybin in part to its action on the serotonin 2A receptor. “While larger clinical trials will ultimately be needed to validate these findings, our study suggests that [psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy] has the potential to be a comprehensive mental health treatment for patients with cancer,” the authors wrote. [P. Petridis et al. Nature Mental Health (2024), https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00331-0]", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2025-04-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31316", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31316", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Cancer, Cancer therapy, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409945764\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409945764\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31316\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409945764" }, { "id": 3591, "title": "Treatment With Psilocybin for Chronic Neuropathic Pain and Depression (TRANSCEND): An Open-Label Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "treatment with psilocybin for chronic neuropathic pain and depression transcend an open label clinical trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychotherapy in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin therapy for adults with chronic neuropathic pain and co-morbid treatment resistant depression.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-04-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06518720", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin 25 mg, PEX010, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06518720\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 626, "title": "5-HT2A receptors: Pharmacology and functional selectivity.", "normalized_title": "5 ht2a receptors pharmacology and functional selectivity", "authors": "Cummins BR, Billac GB, Nichols DE, Nichols CD.", "abstract": "Serotonin 5-HT2A receptors were one of the first serotonin receptors to be pharmacologically characterized. In mammals, they are expressed throughout the body in nearly every cell and tissue type, with the highest density in cortical layer V of the brain. They are involved in several aspects of normal physiological processes and behaviors and have been implicated in the etiology of neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. Atypical antipsychotics have targeted blockade of 5-HT2A receptors as part of their therapeutic mechanism. More recently, 5-HT2A receptors have come to prominence for their role as the primary target for psychedelic drugs, which activate this receptor subtype to produce their characteristic behavioral effects. 5-HT2A receptor agonists like psilocybin, dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide have each demonstrated long-lasting therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials for psychiatric disorders such as major depression and substance use disorders. There is a significant effort in both academia and industry to develop new agonists of 5-HT2A receptors with therapeutic efficacy. There are 3 primary scaffolds for agonists: tryptamines, ergolines, and phenylalkylamines, each engaging different subsets of amino acid residues in the receptor binding pocket. Differences can lead to differential responses between ligands for functionally selective outcomes. Here, we provide a historical perspective on 5-HT2A receptors, their key structural features and motifs involved in ligand-receptor interactions, and how these interactions can affect signaling pathways downstream of the receptor. Understanding how ligands interact with the 5-HT2A receptor will fundamentally inform future drug discovery to optimize therapeutics for a variety of disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Psychedelic drugs have demonstrated long-lasting therapeutic efficacy for several conditions in multiple clinical trials. Their target, serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, are GPCRs with complex pharmacology. Having knowledge of how ligands interact with 5-HT2A receptors in the orthosteric binding pocket at the structural level to induce specific signal transduction pathways will inform on efforts to design and develop functionally selective drugs to potentially treat a variety of diseases.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pharmr.2025.100059", "pubmed_id": "40418878", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmr.2025.100059", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40418878\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 708, "title": "Rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of vaporized N,N-dimethyltryptamine: a phase 2a clinical trial in treatment-resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of vaporized n n dimethyltryptamine a phase 2a clinical trial in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Falchi-Carvalho M, Palhano-Fontes F, Wießner I, Barros H, Bolcont R, Laborde S, Ruschi B Silva S, Montanini D, C Barbosa D, Teixeira E, Florence-Vilela R, Almeida R, K A de Macedo R, Arichelle F, J Pantrigo É, V Costa-Macedo J, da Cruz Nunes JA, de Araújo Costa Neto LA, Nunes Ferreira LF, Dantas Corrêa L, da Costa Bezerra RB, Arcoverde E, Galvão-Coelho N, B Araujo D.", "abstract": "Depression affects over 185 million people worldwide, with approximately one-third classified as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Current treatments, such as oral antidepressants, often take around 3 weeks to become effective, with no immediate anti-suicidal benefits. The field urgently needs innovative therapies that provide rapid relief. Psychedelics like psilocybin and ayahuasca have shown promising antidepressant effects; however, their long duration (several hours) makes them costly and impractical for public health systems. N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), an endogenous psychedelic also found in ayahuasca, offers a viable alternative with a short duration of action (10-20 min) and non-invasive inhalation administration. Unlike ayahuasca, which contains monoamine oxidase inhibitors, vaporized DMT acts quickly and poses fewer pharmacological interaction risks. This open-label trial evaluated inhaled DMT for TRD for the first time, within the framework of interventional psychiatry. Fourteen patients (Nfemale = 6) participated in a fixed-order, dose-escalation study (15 mg and 60 mg). The treatment was safe, well-tolerated, and produced manageable psychedelic effects with no serious adverse events. A subpopulation using antidepressants showed similar safety outcomes. Results showed rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, with an average reduction of 21.14 points on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale by day 7 (p", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-025-02091-6", "pubmed_id": "40258990", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-025-02091-6", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Administration, Inhalation, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40258990\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 884, "title": "Psychedelics and substance use disorder treatment.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and substance use disorder treatment", "authors": "DuPont CM, Johnson MW.", "abstract": "The current chapter presents the literature evaluating the effects of classic psychedelic treatments on five substance use disorders: alcohol, tobacco, opioid, stimulant, and cannabis. Most work on psychedelics and substance use disorders was conducted for alcohol use disorder. A range of classic psychedelics (LSD, psilocybin, and ayahuasca) appear to be beneficial for facilitating both reduced drinking and abstinence. Small clinical trials have also shown promising initial results for both tobacco and opioid use disorders. In contrast, no trials have yet been conducted for stimulant and cannabis use disorders. Furthermore, the majority of studies described are naturalistic observational studies or correlational survey data. However, if such observational studies reflect causal therapeutic potential, these studies, combined with clinical trials, suggest potential broad transdiagnostic efficacy of psychedelics across multiple addictive drugs. The transdiagnostic effects of psychedelics are likely due to a combination of biological and psychological factors. Biologically, psychedelics appear to ameliorate deficits in brain areas involved in reward and emotional processing, which may reduce the risk of relapse. Psychologically, the insights gained during a psychedelic experience may reinforce personal motivations for sobriety and support subsequent behavior change. Overall, more work is needed to better characterize the potential benefits and limitations of psychedelic treatment for substance use disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2025.03.005", "pubmed_id": "40541314", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2025.03.005", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40541314\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 736, "title": "Development of a PBPK model of psilocybin/psilocin from Psilocybe cubensis (magic mushroom) in mice, rats, and humans", "normalized_title": "development of a pbpk model of psilocybin psilocin from psilocybe cubensis magic mushroom in mice rats and humans", "authors": "Nilubon Thaoboonruang, Ornrat Lohitnavy, Kimheang Ya, Manupat Lohitnavy", "abstract": "Psilocybin is an active alkaloid found in magic mushrooms (Psilocybe cubensis). It is classified as a Class I Psychoactive Substance due to its psychoactive properties. Recent research has suggested that psilocybin holds potential for treating major depressive disorder. The objective of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for psilocybin and its active metabolite, psilocin, in mice, rats, and humans. This model aims to explore the disposition of psilocin within the body, including its distribution to the target organ, the brain. Psilocybin is assumed to undergo complete conversion to psilocin before the latter enters systemic circulation. The PBPK model effectively characterizes the concentration-time profiles under various dosing scenarios and routes of administration in mice, rats, and humans. The human model has the potential for guiding therapeutic strategies and enhancing clinical trial designs for the therapeutic use of psilocybin.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2025-04-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-98202-w", "pubmed_id": "40258947", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98202-w", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mushroom, MAGIC (telescope), Pharmacology, Chemistry, Traditional medicine, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Food science, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409623005\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409623005\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":18,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W152943885\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979264461\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982273835\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985227285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013374926\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019306159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038839611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070287219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110465433\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121160760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155112290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161213051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169738226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285591130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407151076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567435747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2628941350\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134320342\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137772046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232345878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236051404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252518069\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378174725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402462242\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107136033\",\"display_name\":\"Nilubon Thaoboonruang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068381359\",\"display_name\":\"Ornrat Lohitnavy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056157948\",\"display_name\":\"Kimheang Ya\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016964058\",\"display_name\":\"Manupat Lohitnavy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-0560\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98202-w\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409623005" }, { "id": 737, "title": "Comparative Efficacy and Functional Outcomes of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review of Recent Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "comparative efficacy and functional outcomes of psychedelic assisted therapies in treatment resistant depression a systematic review of recent clinical trials", "authors": "Mimms C, Sotelo K, Khaliq AS.", "abstract": "This systematic review explores the comparative efficacy and functional outcomes of psychedelic-assisted therapies in the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the last 12 months. Ten RCTs were included, evaluating agents such as ketamine, esketamine, and psilocybin. Most studies demonstrated significant reductions in depressive symptom severity, with oral and intranasal esketamine and high-dose psilocybin showing sustained antidepressant effects. Functional improvements, such as workplace productivity and cognitive stability, were reported in select trials, notably those involving esketamine. Risk of bias was low in four studies and moderate in six due to open-label or observational extensions. Overall, psychedelic therapies were well tolerated, with favorable safety profiles and minimal cognitive adverse effects. These findings support the integration of psychedelic-assisted therapies as viable alternatives or adjuncts in the treatment of TRD and highlight the importance of assessing both clinical and functional endpoints for a more holistic understanding of therapeutic benefit.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.82532", "pubmed_id": "40385821", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.82532", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40385821\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 633, "title": "Regulatory Alignment of Psilocybin Clinical Trials in Major Depressive Disorder on ClinicalTrials.gov: A Cross-Sectional Analysis", "normalized_title": "regulatory alignment of psilocybin clinical trials in major depressive disorder on clinicaltrials gov a cross sectional analysis", "authors": "Damian Świeczkowski, Aleksander Kwaśny, Michał Pruc, Zuzanna Gaca, Łukasz Szarpak, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała", "abstract": "Regulatory compliance is crucial in the clinical development of psychedelic substances, including psilocybin. This study aimed to examine the alignment of clinical trial protocols for psilocybin in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) with established regulatory requirements.A cross-sectional investigation was conducted on ClinicalTrials.gov using the keywords: \"Psilocybin\" and \"Psilocin\" to identify interventional studies with posted trial protocols. Only protocols for MDD and TRD were included. Data extraction focused on key regulatory aspects, including safety, functional unblinding, expectancy bias, and the distribution of investigational medical products.Eleven psilocybin trial protocols were identified, with four meeting the inclusion criteria. The most commonly studied psilocybin dose was 25 mg. Two trials were double-blind. Although the analyzed protocols superficially adhered to regulatory requirements, there were gaps in addressing potential drug interactions, the acute and chronic concurrent use of antidepressants, and prohibited medications. Certain aspects, such as functional unblinding or expectancy bias, did not share all pathways. Risk mitigation strategies were primarily based on external criteria. Patients with bipolar spectrum disorders or schizoaffective disorders were excluded.This study underscores the importance of conducting clinical trials on psychedelics in strict adherence to regulatory standards. Future research should focus on improving regulatory compliance and exploring the efficacy of psychedelics in broader patient populations.", "journal": "Pharmacopsychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-04-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1055/a-2529-7029", "pubmed_id": "40245934", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2529-7029", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Expectancy theory, Major depressive disorder, Schizoaffective disorder, Medicine, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychosis, Cognition, Internal medicine, Social psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409534321\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409534321\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1992059353\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588071311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794420673\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031683123\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157866107\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210932781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225982601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291227674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301605941\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378549583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378783566\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382133350\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383197511\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386138110\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388014221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484734\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484761\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395034174\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399864483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402625697\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403502370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403667484\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037446509\",\"display_name\":\"Damian Świeczkowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5648-4652\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113262565\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksander Kwaśny\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065893595\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Pruc\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2140-9732\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050968304\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Gaca\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7200-0402\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022117993\",\"display_name\":\"Łukasz Szarpak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-5455\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070339940\",\"display_name\":\"Wiesław Jerzy Cubała\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6343-8454\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4122505\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmacopsychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2529-7029\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409534321" }, { "id": 3465, "title": "A Phase 2a, Open-label, Pilot Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin Administration in Concert With Psychotherapy Among Adult Patients With Fibromyalgia", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a open label pilot study to assess the safety and efficacy of psilocybin administration in concert with psychotherapy among adult patients with fibromyalgia", "authors": "Kevin Boehnke", "abstract": "The pressing need for effective fibromyalgia (FM) treatments, the known safety of psilocybin therapy, and the mechanistic plausibility for potential benefit provide a backdrop for investigating psilocybin therapy as a treatment for FM. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical benefit of oral psilocybin in concert with psychotherapy to treat chronic pain symptoms in patients with FM. Fibromyalgia is a chronic syndrome of widespread musculoskeletal pain that often manifests with a cluster of co-occurring symptoms, including sleep disturbances, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and mood problems including anxiety and depression. Recent studies have provided evidence of altered central pain pathways. Current management of FM typically takes a multidimensional approach including behavioral therapy, exercise, and medication. However, current medications provide only modest benefit and carry significant side effect burden, leading many people with FM to seek other alternatives. Psilocybin therapy (psilocybin delivered in concert with psychotherapy) may be a potentially safe and effective treatment for symptoms associated with FM. Indeed, psilocybin therapy has shown positive effects in treating cancer-related psychiatric distress, depression and anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, and nicotine or alcohol addiction. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted a Breakthrough Therapy designation for psilocybin in treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder. Psilocybin therapy is generally safe and well-tolerated when conducted under controlled conditions. While no clinical studies have explored psychedelic effects among people with FM, a recent review outlined potential mechanisms through which psychedelics could alleviate chronic pain symptoms.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-04-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05128162", "keywords": "Fibromyalgia, Psilocybin, Psychotherapy, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05128162\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 677, "title": "Efficacy and safety of psilocybin for the treatment of substance use disorders: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin for the treatment of substance use disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Meshkat S, Malik G, Zeifman RJ, Swainson J, Balachandra K, Reichelt AC, Zhang Y, Burback L, Winkler O, Greenshaw A, Vermetten E, Mayo LM, Tanguay R, Jetly R, Bhat V.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, may have therapeutic benefits for Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), but its overall efficacy and safety remain uncertain. This systematic review assessed the safety and efficacy of psilocybin for SUDs through a systematic database search conducted via OVID on May 22, 2024, and summarized 26 ongoing clinical trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov. Among 16 published included studies, 7 (43.75 %) focused on Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), 5 (31.25 %) on Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD), and the remainder on Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) (1, 6.25 %), Opioid Use Disorder (1, 6.25 %), Nicotine Use Disorder (1, 6.25 %), and multiple SUDs (1, 6.25 %). Study designs included open-label trials (5, 31.25 %), cross-sectional observational studies (6, 37.5 %), qualitative analyses (2, 12.5 %), one double-blind RCT (6.25 %), one pilot fMRI study (6.25 %), and one long-term follow-up (6.25 %). Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) was used in 10 studies (62.5 %), with doses ranging from microdosing to 20-40 mg/70 kg. PAP was associated with significant reductions in alcohol consumption, smoking cessation, and related psychological improvements. AUD studies reported fewer heavy drinking days, increased abstinence rates, and neuroimaging data indicating normalization of brain activity. TUD studies demonstrated high smoking abstinence rates, with mystical experiences predicting long-term outcomes. Findings for other SUDs were mixed, though psilocybin showed potential in reducing opioid dependence and nicotine use. Preliminary evidence supports psilocybin's efficacy and safety for AUD and TUD, particularly with psychotherapy, but larger clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106163", "pubmed_id": "40245969", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106163", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin, Outcome Assessment, Health Care", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40245969\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Brain Imaging,Aging,Microdosing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 678, "title": "Exploring psilocybin's role in mental health and palliative medicine: a path to improved well-being.", "normalized_title": "exploring psilocybin s role in mental health and palliative medicine a path to improved well being", "authors": "Umbacia MA, Leon MX, Quintero JM, Castro LM, Paez V, Dodd S, Bustos RH.", "abstract": "IntroductionAlthough long known for their psychoactive effects, psychedelic drugs have only recently been investigated for medicinal use. Psilocybin has attracted the greatest interest with studies suggesting that it may be a useful agent in psychiatry and in palliative care.Areas coveredClinical trials that included psilocybin were searched in PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov, demonstrating that adult psychiatry and palliative care are the medical fields that show the greatest interest in psilocybin treatment.Expert opinionPsilocybin is a powerful drug that needs to be used with caution but may benefit some patients, including when other options have failed. It is best evidenced in treatment resistant depression and in palliative care, where patients are usually treated in specialist care centers. It has a novel mechanism of action, targeting the 5HT2A receptor, and can show rapid onset of action. There are many questions regarding its use that remain to be clarified, including its efficacy for other indications and its role as adjunctive treatment in psychotherapy. The psychoactive, or psychedelic effects are well documented, but their clinical importance is disputed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/14728214.2025.2488786", "pubmed_id": "40178229", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2025.2488786", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Palliative Care, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, Adult, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40178229\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4400, "title": "187. Changes in Symptoms of Anhedonia With Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial for Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "187 changes in symptoms of anhedonia with psilocybin assisted psychotherapy a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Erica Kaczmarek, Nelson B. Rodrigues, Noah Chisamore, Zoe Doyle, Roger S. McIntyre, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.424", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.424", "keywords": "Anhedonia, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Pleasure, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409281325\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409281325\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020961257\",\"display_name\":\"Nelson B. Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8128-5612\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068850044\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-2523\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032613018\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Mansur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.424\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409281325" }, { "id": 3446, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Interpersonal Therapy for Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted interpersonal therapy for depression", "authors": "University of Otago", "abstract": "This is a single-arm, open-label interventional study of psilocybin-assisted interpersonal therapy for treatment resistant depression. 20 participants will be recruited to take part in this 8-week intervention that involves 8 sessions of psychotherapy and 2 doses of psilocybin. Study Design Interventional, Single arm, open label 1\\. Hypotheses: 1. It is feasible to deliver Psilocybin treatment integrated into interpersonal therapy for people with treatment resistant major depression (TRD). 2. It is feasible to recruit patients with TRD for this treatment in New Zealand. 2\\. Participants The study will recruit 20 participants who have a current diagnosis of Treatment resistant Major Depressive Disorder. The participants will need to agree to cease psychotropic medications including antidepressants as part of the preparation for psilocybin dosing. 3\\. Recruitment Participants will be recruited by referral from mental health services, primary care and community advertisements. 4\\. Screening Screening involves a two-step process: 1. Participants will register their interest via a secure online Redcap website that will ask questions regarding initial eligibility. Those who pass the initial online screening and consent to further assessment of eligibility will be screened via telephone and review of online health records to determine whether they meet major inclusion/exclusion criteria, and thus whether they are eligible for an in-person screening session. 2. In-person screening will include a history and physical examination, ECG, a 30 cc blood draw for study measures and medical screening, a personal and family medical history questionnaire, psychiatric /psychological assessments and urine drug and pregnancy tests. These will be performed by clinical staff in the Clinical Research Unit (CRU, University of Otago, Christchurch Whatu Ora Waitaha). 5\\. Clinical assessment Psychiatric screening will be conducted by structured assessments Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID), (mood and substance use sections) by the study team. After this screening potential participants will be clinically assessed by a consultant psychiatrist on the team, who will oversee participants care throughout the study and will liaise with the participants current health provider regarding the study, antidepressant discontinuation, clinical progress and any support required at the conclusion of the study. Psychoactive drug-use history, history of antidepressant treatments, and information about employment status and current functioning (including mood and psychological and psychosomatic symptoms) will be obtained. Participants will be required to refrain from illicit drug use during the course of the study, and a urine test will be conducted before each psilocybin dosing session (e.g., testing for various opioids, stimulants and sedatives). Pregnant or nursing women are ineligible; female participants will receive a urine pregnancy test at intake and before each drug session and must agree to use effective methods of contraception during the study. 6\\. Informed consent process Written informed consent will be obtained at the Clinical Research Unit at the start of the in-person screening. 7\\. Intervention The study intervention is described in detail in the Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)+ Psilocybin Manual and is modified from Yale Manual for Psilocybin-assisted Therapy of Depression and Protocol for 'Effects of Psilocybin therapy for major depressive disorder: randomized clinical trial'. The intervention involves 8 sessions of psychotherapy and two doses of psilocybin over 10 weeks and one follow-up session at 18 weeks in the Clinical Research Unit, Dept of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch. During the study period (week 0-9) the participants will be under the care of the consultant psychiatrists and clinical team at the Clinical Research Unit, this includes the planned weekly contact as well as provision of urgent care during hours (via a duty clinician and psychiatrist), and the Crisis Resolution Team (CDHB) after hours. Following screening and baseline measurements antidepressants will be gradually discontinued and Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) will be commenced in preparation for psilocybin dosing. Antidepressant discontinuation will follow clinical guidelines and will be supervised by consultant psychiatrist on the team, who will oversee participants care throughout the study. The discontinuation schedule is initial dropping of dose by half followed by tapering over 2-6 weeks. The 3 IPT preparation sessions are designed around the beginning phase of IPT (timeline of stressors and mood episodes, interpersonal inventory and identification of psychotherapy focus). The next sessions will involve psilocybin dosing and debriefing (2 psilocybin dosing sessions and 1 debriefing). This will be followed by 5 integration sessions of IPT. The IPT integration sessions will formulate the psilocybin experience within an IPT framework. IPT utilises emotional processing to facilitate change and it is anticipated this will be intensified in the psilocybin sessions. Consultant psychiatrists will review each participant after completing psychotherapy to assess participants' ongoing treatment needs, including recommencing antidepressant medication if needed and referral to specialist mental health service if required.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05581797", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05581797\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 745, "title": "The Emergence of Psilocybin in Psychiatry and Neuroscience.", "normalized_title": "the emergence of psilocybin in psychiatry and neuroscience", "authors": "Omidian H, Omidian A.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed scientific interest for its potential in treating psychiatric and neurological disorders. This review systematically examines the latest research on psilocybin's pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, and safety profile. Emerging evidence supports its efficacy in conditions such as major depressive disorder (MDD), treatment-resistant depression (TRD), anxiety, alcohol use disorders (AUD), and cancer-related distress. Despite promising outcomes, significant barriers remain, including methodological constraints, regulatory hurdles, and limited population diversity in clinical trials. Advances in biosynthetic production and optimized psychotherapeutic integration are necessary to ensure scalability and accessibility. Future research should focus on long-term safety, dosing precision, and neurobiological mechanisms to refine its therapeutic applications. This review provides a critical foundation for advancing evidence-based clinical integration of psilocybin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/ph18040555", "pubmed_id": "40283990", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18040555", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40283990\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 693, "title": "In Vitro Psilocybin Synthesis by Co-Immobilized Enzymes", "normalized_title": "in vitro psilocybin synthesis by co immobilized enzymes", "authors": "Tim Schäfer, Alexander M. Sherwood, Thomas A. Kirkland, Thomas Krüger, Jakob Worbs, Olaf Kniemeyer, Markus Gressler, Dirk Hoffmeister", "abstract": "Advanced clinical trials investigate the Psilocybe magic mushroom natural product psilocybin as a treatment against major depressive disorder. Currently, synthetic material is used to meet the demand for legitimate pharmaceutical purposes. Here, we report an in vitro approach to biocatalytically produce psilocybin on a solid-phase matrix charged with five covalently bound biosynthetic enzymes. These enzymes include three Psilocybe enzymes: IasA*, an engineered l-tryptophan decarboxylase/aromatic aldehyde synthase, the 4-hydroxytryptamine kinase PsiK and the norbaeocystin methyltransferase PsiM, along with Escherichia coli nucleosidase MtnN and adenine deaminase Ade. In a proof-of-principle experiment, this enzyme-charged resin allowed for quantitative turnover of 4-hydroxy-l-tryptophan into psilocybin. This facile process i) represents a sustainable approach with reusable enzymes, ii) circumvents the drawbacks of in vivo processes while harnessing the selectivity of enzymatic catalysis and iii) helps access an urgently needed drug candidate.", "journal": "Chemistry - A European Journal", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/chem.202501037", "pubmed_id": "40202903", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202501037", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Enzyme, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Tryptamine, In vitro, Transferase, Combinatorial chemistry, Pharmacology, Biology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Polyamine Metabolism and Applications, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409288174\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409288174\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1608086343\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006986579\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015869903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042374413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055161377\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084388133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094013612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312856833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560839357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2587713724\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2778354888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801007779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993991001\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008629222\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023223035\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3034699637\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090675239\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133617718\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212990160\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308053113\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381309423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393270574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395467501\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404004370\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103994261\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Schäfer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041166264\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas A. Kirkland\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0859-5785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074083644\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Krüger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8984-3853\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117085675\",\"display_name\":\"Jakob Worbs\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071982932\",\"display_name\":\"Olaf Kniemeyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9493-6402\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015043702\",\"display_name\":\"Markus Gressler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5669-7618\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S68911691\",\"source_display_name\":\"Chemistry - A European Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202501037\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409288174" }, { "id": 4405, "title": "Psilocybin’s Effects on Headache Frequency are Not Related to Acute Psychedelic Effects or Measures of Mental Health: Secondary Analysis of Clinical Trials in Migraine and Cluster Headache (P7-12.001)", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s effects on headache frequency are not related to acute psychedelic effects or measures of mental health secondary analysis of clinical trials in migraine and cluster headache p7 12 001", "authors": "Emmanuelle A. D. Schindler, Christopher Gottschalk, Deepak Cyril D’Souza", "abstract": "To examine the relationship of acute psychedelic effects and measures of mental health with headache frequency in clinical trials of psilocybin in migraine and cluster headache.", "journal": "Neurology", "publication_date": "2025-04-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1212/wnl.0000000000210945", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000210945", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Migraine, Cluster headache, Medicine, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Anesthesia, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409228190\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409228190\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023659439\",\"display_name\":\"Emmanuelle A. D. Schindler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7962-0365\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103064079\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Gottschalk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4584-0014\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081806198\",\"display_name\":\"Deepak Cyril D’Souza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-1462\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S79704628\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neurology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000210945\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409228190" }, { "id": 886, "title": "Potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics in small doses: Is there a role for microdosing in psychiatry?", "normalized_title": "potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics in small doses is there a role for microdosing in psychiatry", "authors": "Totomanova I, Haijen ECHM, Hurks PPM, Ramaekers JG, Kuypers KPC.", "abstract": "Clinical trials using full doses of psychedelics have provided preliminary evidence supporting their safety and efficacy in treating a variety of physical and psychological conditions. Anecdotal reports indicate that even very small amounts of these substances may provide therapeutic benefits, though robust clinical studies are still needed. This chapter reviews the current experimental studies in humans using psychedelics in small doses to better understand their therapeutic potential. Research in both neurotypical individuals (n = 18 studies) and patients (n = 3) suggests that small doses of LSD and psilocybin produce subtle, acute, effects on neural connectivity, brain electrophysiology, blood pressure, sleep duration, pain perception, temporal processing, and mood; and show reductions in symptoms of depression and obsessive-compulsive behavior in patient samples. The chapter also discusses the influence of extra-pharmacological factors, such as the baseline subjective state, expectations, and individual differences in drug metabolism, on treatment outcomes. Overall, controlled microdosing studies suggest the potential therapeutic applications of small psychedelic doses, warranting further exploration through large-scale trials in clinical populations.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2025.03.002", "pubmed_id": "40541311", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2025.03.002", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40541311\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4421, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for relapse prevention in alcohol use disorder: a phase 2 randomized clinical trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for relapse prevention in alcohol use disorder a phase 2 randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Nathalie M. Rieser, Raoul Bitar, Simon Halm, Christina Rossgoderer, Ladina P Gubser, Maeva Thévenaz, Yara Kreis, Robin von Rotz, Carlos Nordt, Monika Visentini, Flora Moujaes, Etna Engeli, Andres Ort, Erich Seifritz, Franz Xaver Vollenweider, Marcus Herdener, Katrin H. Preller", "abstract": "", "journal": "Universität Zürich, ZORA", "publication_date": "2025-03-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.5167/uzh-284304", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-284304", "keywords": "Placebo, Abstinence, Psilocybin, Relapse prevention, Medicine, Alcohol use disorder, Randomized controlled trial, Craving, Alcohol, Psychiatry, Alcohol dependence, Clinical trial, Randomization, Discontinuation, Dosing, Acamprosate, Intention-to-treat analysis, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127080333\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127080333\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050105328\",\"display_name\":\"Nathalie M. Rieser\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5804-1409\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022150947\",\"display_name\":\"Raoul Bitar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026020460\",\"display_name\":\"Simon Halm\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066226340\",\"display_name\":\"Christina Rossgoderer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055186073\",\"display_name\":\"Ladina P Gubser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116616854\",\"display_name\":\"Maeva Thévenaz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093582215\",\"display_name\":\"Yara Kreis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058976475\",\"display_name\":\"Robin von Rotz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4087-3650\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030523325\",\"display_name\":\"Carlos Nordt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1156-152X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061828207\",\"display_name\":\"Monika Visentini\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039540919\",\"display_name\":\"Flora Moujaes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-0393\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124758375\",\"display_name\":\"Etna Engeli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124823723\",\"display_name\":\"Andres Ort\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124807618\",\"display_name\":\"Franz Xaver Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124848016\",\"display_name\":\"Marcus Herdener\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407051291\",\"source_display_name\":\"Universität Zürich, ZORA\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-284304\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7127080333" }, { "id": 754, "title": "Psilocybin Dispensaries and Online Health Claims in Canada", "normalized_title": "psilocybin dispensaries and online health claims in canada", "authors": "Jenna Matsukubo, Sarah Dickson, Jennifer Xiao, Erik Loewen Friesen, Marco Solmi, Jess G. Fiedorowicz, Benedikt Fischer, Daniel T. Myran", "abstract": "Importance: There is growing societal interest in and use of psilocybin. While psilocybin in Canada is illegal outside of clinical trials, there have been anecdotal reports of increasing access via unregulated online purchases and retail dispensaries. Objective: To describe access to and the characteristics of psilocybin dispensaries across Canada and the health claims and warnings made on dispensary websites. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study used systematic web searches and media reports to identify psilocybin dispensaries operating in Canada in May 2024. Data analysis was performed from June 17 to August 29, 2024. Main Outcomes and Measures: Descriptive and geospatial analyses were used to identify the psilocybin dispensary characteristics, product types, and store distribution. Content analysis assessed the nature and frequency of health claims and warnings on websites. Results: As of May 2024, 57 psilocybin dispensaries were identified in Canada (0.18 dispensaries per 100 000 individuals aged ≥15 years) in 15 of Canada's 42 major urban cities (35.7%). Approximately 815 628 (2.6%) of Canadians lived within 1 km of a dispensary. Only 4 of 13 provinces and territories had a dispensary, with most in Ontario and British Columbia. Of the 57 stores, 35 (61.4%) were part of a chain (≥2 stores owned by a single company) and 52 (91.2%) had an online presence. Stores sold a wide variety of products, including dried mushrooms (100.0%), microdosing capsules (97.8%), psilocybin-infused chocolate (91.3%) and gummies (93.4%), and most stores (65.2%) sold products mimicking popular food brands. Among stores with websites, 86.4% claimed mental health benefits of psilocybin (eg, alleviating anxiety). While 86.4% of websites provided health warnings, relevant warnings, such as those about use while driving (9.1%), during pregnancy (13.6%), or in individuals with a history of psychosis, schizophrenia, or bipolar disorder (31.8%) were rare. Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, psilocybin retailers, who were present in over a third of major Canadian cities, made a variety of unverified health claims and lacked warnings of potential harms, suggesting the need for greater regulatory measures to protect the public.", "journal": "JAMA Network Open", "publication_date": "2025-03-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.2853", "pubmed_id": "40168023", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.2853", "keywords": "Dispensary, Psilocybin, Business, Advertising, Product (mathematics), Environmental health, Medicine, Geography, Family medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Mathematics, Geometry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409086968\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409086968\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2544765912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2863336288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902257443\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156704687\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210733143\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205403234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229370876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292410066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298055464\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315927947\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366352039\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366580975\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379769663\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387651512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392556940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399096737\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399441804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399780176\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400043767\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007172174\",\"display_name\":\"Jenna Matsukubo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9362-0178\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049022943\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Dickson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2711-971X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101378009\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer Xiao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090376005\",\"display_name\":\"Erik Loewen Friesen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-2534\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083734796\",\"display_name\":\"Marco Solmi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4877-7233\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043515434\",\"display_name\":\"Jess G. Fiedorowicz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2057-4071\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031049285\",\"display_name\":\"Benedikt Fischer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-4030\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057129585\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel T. Myran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8038-300X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210217848\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Network Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.2853\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409086968" }, { "id": 739, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted suppoRtive psychoTherapy IN the treatment of prolonged Grief (PARTING) trial: protocol for an open-label pilot trial for cancer-related bereavement", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted supportive psychotherapy in the treatment of prolonged grief parting trial protocol for an open label pilot trial for cancer related bereavement", "authors": "Vanessa L. Beesley, Tom Kennedy, Fiona Maccallum, Margaret Ross, Renee Harvey, Susan L. Rossell, Jerome Sarris, Daniel Perkins, Rachel Ε. Neale, James Bennett-Levy, Shevaugn Johnson, Hanna Beebe, Natalie Roset, Jörg Strobel, Stephen Parker", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) represents a substantial public health issue, especially in oncology settings where it affects up to 30% of bereaved carers. Current best-practice treatments are lengthy, and up to 50% of participants have persistent PGD. Building on encouraging recent research with psychedelic-assisted therapies, the Psilocybin-Assisted suppoRtive psychoTherapy IN the treatment of prolonged Grief (PARTING) trial is the first study to consider psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a potential treatment for prolonged grief. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: PARTING is an open-label pilot trial of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for approximately 15 people with cancer-related PGD. It aims to investigate feasibility, safety, acceptability, participant experience and participant-reported therapeutic effects. Over a 5-week intervention period, participants will undergo three preparation sessions before receiving a psychoactive (25 mg) dose of psilocybin alongside non-directive supportive guidance, followed by four integration sessions. All sessions will be delivered by a psychologist and either a nurse or Indigenous Therapist. An artificial intelligence-assisted tool will be used to create an artwork of participants' psychedelic experience.Outcomes will be investigated over a 12-month follow-up period. Feasibility will be assessed through recruitment/retention rates and completion of follow-up assessments. Safety will be evaluated via adverse events over 12 months and the comparison of physiological measures (vital signs, biochemistry, haematology, ECG) recorded during screening and 1 day after the psilocybin dose. Qualitative thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with participants and trial therapists will assess acceptability and the therapeutic potential of the treatment. Diagnostic clinical interviews for PGD and quantitative participant-reported measures of therapeutic effects are also being collected. Participant-reported measures include grief severity, depression, anxiety, grief avoidance, psychological flexibility, connectedness, and quality of life. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval has been obtained from QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Human Research Ethics Committee (P3801). Dissemination of results will occur via conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000827639).", "journal": "BMJ Open", "publication_date": "2025-03-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095992", "pubmed_id": "40233965", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095992", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Grief, Thematic analysis, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Qualitative research, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Internal medicine, Social science, Sociology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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L. Beesley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-1800\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021835786\",\"display_name\":\"Tom Kennedy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4621-5974\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057700963\",\"display_name\":\"Fiona Maccallum\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-0712\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101561809\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3368-6614\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076649329\",\"display_name\":\"Renee Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073606057\",\"display_name\":\"Susan L. Rossell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-8252\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114087434\",\"display_name\":\"Jerome Sarris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049230775\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Perkins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-1649\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077862296\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Ε. Neale\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-0854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034483864\",\"display_name\":\"James Bennett-Levy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0998-116X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074779884\",\"display_name\":\"Shevaugn Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5294-3874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004497324\",\"display_name\":\"Hanna Beebe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117151723\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Roset\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041258476\",\"display_name\":\"Jörg Strobel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062304624\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Parker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6022-3981\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S79054089\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095992\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Psychological Flexibility,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409449177" }, { "id": 3635, "title": "Psilocybin for Enhanced Analgesia in Chronic nEuropathic PAIN", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for enhanced analgesia in chronic neuropathic pain", "authors": "Unity Health Toronto", "abstract": "This is a feasibility study to examine the use of use of Psilocybin (magic mushrooms) to alleviate pain in chronic neuropathic pain. While theoretical mechanisms demonstrate promise, there is no clinical evidence. This vacuum of clinical evidence has been occupied by a \"psychedelic hype bubble\" with media communications touting psychedelics as a 'miracle cures'. The mismatch between evidence and perception creates an urgent need for RCT to fill this significant gap. This trial aims to address this gap by conducting a pilot trial assessing the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin for chronic neuropathic pain to inform a future larger, multi-centre study. The purpose is to conduct a randomized control double-blinded trial of psilocybin and active placebo (dextromethorphan). At this time, the aim of the trial is to recruit 30 participants from St. Michael's Hospital, to learn whether it will be feasible to plan a larger study in the future. Brief title PEACE-PAIN Trial Indication Adult patients suffering from chronic neuropathic pain Condition(s) of focus of study Moderate-to-severe chronic neuropathic pain Number of participants 30 Primary outcome Feasibility (recruitment success, consent rate, adherence, patient withdrawal, missing data, adverse outcomes) Secondary outcome Change in pain intensity and pain interference Study design Study type: An intervention trial Allocation: Randomized Intervention model: 2-Arm Parallel Group Primary purpose: Feasibility Phase: Phase II Masking Participants, all study team including outcome assessors Test Products, Dose, and Mode of Administration Treatment arm: Psilocybin 25mg + placebo PO single dose plus psychological support Placebo arm: Dextromethorphan 400mg PO single dose plus psychological support Follow-Up Days: 1, 7, 14, 30, and 90", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-03-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06731335", "keywords": "Chronic Neuropathic Pain, Pain Management, Psilocybin, Psychotherapy, Active Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06731335\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 892, "title": "Existing evidence for the use of psychedelics in patients with cancer and other serious illness: A narrative review.", "normalized_title": "existing evidence for the use of psychedelics in patients with cancer and other serious illness a narrative review", "authors": "Bires J.", "abstract": "ObjectivesMood disorders and existential distress impact those with cancer or a serious illness at higher rates than the general population. There have been limited pharmacological advances in recent years, and available psychological interventions vary in degree of impact and durability as a treatment modality in this population. A recent renaissance in psychedelic research has suggested that this class of medications might offer an alternative treatment model for anxiety, depression, and existential and psychological distress that often accompanies the diagnosis of a serious illness.MethodsUtilizing a narrative review approach, EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched with no beginning date range through April 2024 to identify randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) on LSD, psilocybin and MDMA in palliative care or oncology and other life limiting illnesses.ResultsFive articles published between 2011 and 2020 met the inclusion criteria. Three studies utilized psilocybin and one study evaluated MDMA and LSD. The number of participants ranged from 12 to 56 with four studies that utilized a crossover design. Four of the five studies showed a significant decrease in anxiety during at least one time point in their study and three studies indicated a significant decrease in depression. None of the studies reported serious adverse events related to the experimental drug sessions.ConclusionsPsychedelic assisted therapy for the treatment of depression, anxiety and existential distress is a promising treatment modality as an addition or compliment to other available pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment modalities.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/07347332.2025.2482917", "pubmed_id": "40138527", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2025.2482917", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Critical Illness, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40138527\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 502, "title": "Comparing Antidepressant Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy in Individuals That Were Unmedicated at Initial Screening Versus Individuals Discontinuing Medications for Study Participation: Comparaison des effets antidépresseurs de la psychothérapie assistée par la psilocybine (PAP) chez les personnes non médicamentées à la sélection initiale et les personnes ayant arrêté les médicaments pour participer à l’étude", "normalized_title": "comparing antidepressant effects of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in individuals that were unmedicated at initial screening versus individuals discontinuing medications for study participation comparaison des effets antidépresseurs de la psychothérapie assistée par la psilocybine pap chez les personnes non médicamentées à la sélection initiale et les personnes ayant arrêté les médicaments pour participer à l étude", "authors": "Noah Chisamore, Erica Kaczmarek, Zoe Doyle, Danica E. Johnson, Geneva Weiglein, Shakila Meshkat, Ryan M. Brudner, Marc G. Blainey, Jeremy Riva-Cambrin, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in depression, anxiety, and suicidality symptoms after a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin between treatment-resistant depression participants not on antidepressants at screening to participants that discontinued antidepressant medications leading up to receiving psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP). METHODS: Participants (n = 27) received at least one 25 mg dose of psilocybin accompanied by psychotherapy as part of an exploratory analysis from an open-label, randomized, waitlist-controlled clinical trial. The primary outcome of changes in depression symptoms was measured by the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Secondary outcomes included changes in anxiety symptom severity (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item [GAD-7]), suicidal ideation (MADRS Item-10), self-reported depression symptoms (Quick Inventory for Depression Symptomology [QIDS-SR]), and intensity of psychedelic experience (Mystical Experience Questionnaire 30-item [MEQ30]). Patients were separated into two groups for analysis; those who were unmedicated at initial screening versus participants that had to taper off antidepressant medications to be eligible for the trial. A mixed analysis of variance was used to evaluate clinical outcomes over time from baseline to 2 months post-dose. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between medication discontinued (n = 18) and unmedicated at screening (UAS) (n = 9) groups in clinician rated depression (p = 0.759), self-reported depression (p = 0.215), anxiety (p = 0.178), and suicidality (p = 0.882) symptoms over time, with both groups having clinically significant benefits on all outcomes assessed. Both groups also had a similar intensity of psychedelic experience (p = 0.191). CONCLUSION: Comparable improvements were observed in depression and anxiety and symptoms between antidepressant discontinued and UAS patients. These findings contrast with and contribute to the growing literature on the effects of medication tapering leading up to PAP. Further clinical research is needed to directly compare efficacy across medication statuses, in addition to evaluating psychedelic effects in individuals continuing antidepressants during PAP.", "journal": "The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-03-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/07067437251328316", "pubmed_id": "40129307", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437251328316", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Anxiety, Suicidal ideation, Psychology, Antidepressant, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive episode, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Poison control, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Suicide prevention, Cognition, Environmental health, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408813813\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408813813\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2478017657\",\"https://openalex.org/W2617751473\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919124707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155867813\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194328776\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211248784\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286500354\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308312657\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311302465\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319984222\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386209201\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391069738\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391286658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395685207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396699590\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038440185\",\"display_name\":\"Danica E. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-7691\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114681119\",\"display_name\":\"Geneva Weiglein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927191\",\"display_name\":\"Jeremy Riva-Cambrin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114229887\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-1112\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S8901149\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437251328316\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408813813" }, { "id": 3544, "title": "An 8-week Phase 2 Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Psilocybin-assisted-psychotherapy in Adults With Cannabis Use Disorder: A Proof-of-Concept Study", "normalized_title": "an 8 week phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate the safety tolerability and efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in adults with cannabis use disorder a proof of concept study", "authors": "McMaster University", "abstract": "Cannabis is the most commonly used psychoactive substance in Canada (Lowry \\& Corsi, 2020). A sub-group of cannabis users develop a condition known as Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), which is defined as a regular pattern of cannabis use that causes performance difficulty at work, school and relationships (Hasin et al., 2013). A review of current treatments available for CUD indicate the lack of a pharmacological and psychological treatment with high success rates, which highlights the importance of exploring potential psychosocial interventions for the treatment of CUD. Given the evidence of psilocybin's therapeutic potential in the treatment of substance use disorders (de Veen et al., 2017), we aim to conduct a study using psilocybin-assisted-psychotherapy in the treatment of CUD. The study aims to evaluate the feasibility, safety, tolerability and potential therapeutic effect of 2 doses \\[25 mg\\] of psilocybin administered as part of an 8-week Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) and supportive therapy. This trial will be the first to evaluate the potential treatment effects of psilocybin on symptoms of CUD.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-03-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06225232", "keywords": "Cannabis Use Disorder, Moderate, Cannabis Use Disorder, Severe, Psilocybin combined with Psychotherapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06225232\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3457, "title": "Psilocybin in Alcohol Use Disorder With Comorbid Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in alcohol use disorder with comorbid depression", "authors": "Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes", "abstract": "Up to 40% of people with alcohol use disorder (AUD) experience depression. Depression is a risk factor for early relapse of AUD after withdrawal in a controlled environment. Promising data suggest the effectiveness of psilocybin, a psychedelic-type treatment, in depression and AUD. Following the acute effects of the psychedelic experience, which lasts approximately 6 hours, psilocybin action appears to be beneficial for preventing alcohol relapse in recently weaned people suffering from comorbid depression. Whilst the public perception of psilocybin therapy is poorly documented in France, the rapid changes in the legal status of psilocybin elsewhere, the positive media coverage of recent trials in depression, and the recent designation as an \"innovative therapy\" by the FDA could lead to the refusal of randomization of eligible participants. It is therefore essential to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of psilocybin treatment and blinded randomized design in our clinical population of hospitalized patients with AUD and depressive symptoms. Recent data suggest that the effect size of psilocybin is much higher than other currently available treatments. However, this paradigm shift must be confirmed in our cohort of people with AUD and depressive symptoms, and in the context of treatment in addition to usual care, by an estimation of the expected effect size based on real data. This will allow the sample size to be accurately calculated for a large-scale randomized clinical trial. Finally, the potential mechanisms of action of psilocybin to prevent relapse in AUD with comorbid depression after withdrawal need to be documented. The objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, neural mechanisms and preliminary results of the effectiveness of psilocybin in the treatment of AUD and depressive symptoms after withdrawal, in addition to usual treatment. The study authors hypothesize that two oral administrations of 25 mg psilocybin at three-week intervals versus a control condition (1 mg psilocybin), in addition to the usual treatment, will be acceptable and feasible in recently withdrawn individuals suffering from AUD and depressive symptoms, between 14 and 60 days after their last alcohol consumption", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-03-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06235411", "keywords": "Alcohol-Related Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Addiction, Psilocybin therapy, Inactive Psilocybin therapy, Electroencephalogram, Blood samples for the analysis of immune and inflammatory profiles, stool samples, MRI functional and cerebral, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06235411\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 565, "title": "Current Evidence for the Role of Rapid-Acting Antidepressants in Bipolar Depression: A Perspective and Plan for Action.", "normalized_title": "current evidence for the role of rapid acting antidepressants in bipolar depression a perspective and plan for action", "authors": "Repple J, Bayas M, Möser C, Kobayashi NF, Reif A.", "abstract": "After decades of limited progress in depression treatment, recent advancements have sparked renewed interest in developing novel antidepressants, particularly rapid-acting antidepressants (RAADs). Despite these promising developments, there remains a significant gap in research on bipolar depression. While several antipsychotics have been investigated for their efficacy in bipolar depression due to the reduced risk of mania induction, research on RAADs, such as (es)ketamine, remains scarce despite their demonstrated safety and effectiveness. In this review, we give an overview of current developments in RAADs in the context of bipolar disorder. Both published studies as well as phase II, III, and IV studies on bipolar depression (based on ClinicalTrials.gov) are reviewed in this work. The following RAAD substance classes have been or are currently being investigated as possible treatments for bipolar depression: NMDA antagonists and indirect AMPA agonists (ketamine, esketamine, riluzole, felbamate), GABAA (gamma-aminobutyric acid A) activators or positive allosteric modulators (zuranolone, pregnenolone, PEA), psychedelics (psilocybin, 5-MeO-DMT), muscarine receptor antagonists (scopolamine), and kappa opioid receptor antagonists (navacaprant). Other than the well-established efficacy and safety of (es)ketamine in treating bipolar depression, there has been little research effort in the treatment of bipolar depression. Recent research into RAADs demonstrates the growing field of novel mechanisms of action in the pharmacological treatment of bipolar depression. However, there is an urgent need for well-controlled clinical studies on RAADs in bipolar depression to expand treatment options and improve outcomes for millions of affected individuals worldwide.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.903", "pubmed_id": "40064389", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.903", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Bipolar Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40064389\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3666, "title": "Acute Effects of 2C-B Compared With MDMA and Psilocybin in Healthy Subjects", "normalized_title": "acute effects of 2c b compared with mdma and psilocybin in healthy subjects", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) is a psychoactive substance with reportedly similar acute effects to both the prototypical empathogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) and the classic psychedelic substance psilocybin (contained in \"magic, hallucinogenic mushrooms\"). Pharmacologically, MDMA mainly releases serotonin (5-HT) via the serotonin transporter (SERT) and psilocybin mainly acts as direct agonist at 5-HT2A receptors. 2C-B interacts with both the 5-HT2A receptor and SERT which is in line with its reported mixed effects profile. However, scientific studies are lacking. There is an increased interest in psychiatric research on the therapeutic properties of MDMA and psilocybin and also on mixed empathogenic-psychedelic substances. 2C-B is a phenethylamine and belongs to the so-called 2C drugs, a group of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) with some structural similarity to the classic psychedelic mescaline. 2C-B is relatively widely used as recreational substance often replacing or mimicking classic substances such as LSD or MDMA. 2C-B also ranks high among the substances found as substitutes or adulterants of tablets sold as MDMA or Ecstasy. Users report that 2C-B has similar acute effects to MDMA when used at low (5-10 mg) and medium doses (10-25 mg) and more psychedelic effects when used at a high doses (25-40 mg). Additionally, in two open labeled studies the effects have been defined by the researchers as entactogenic (MDMA-like) with psychedelic/hallucinogenic properties when administering 20 mg and on the other hand as psychedelic-psychostimulant like when administering a mean dose of 16 mg (4 used 10 mg, 5 used 15 mg and 7 used 20 mg). Subjective effects peaked at 1-2h and lasted 5h. The 2C drugs act mainly as agonists on the 5-HT2A receptor very similar to classic psychedelics like LSD or psilocybin. Furthermore, 2C-B may interact with monoaminergic systems more similar to MDMA and may share some empathogenic or even stimulant-type actions. 2C-B also inhibits the SERT similar to MDMA, however, only at low potency in vitro. Thus, taken together, the pharmacology of 2C-B in vitro is somewhat inconclusive but would be consistent with both MDMA- and psychedelic-type actions in vivo in humans. Increases in blood pressure and heart rate are moderate and regarded as lower than those of MDMA. No severe cases were observed. The safety profile of 2C-B is considered to be similar to MDMA. Psilocybin is a classic serotonergic psychedelic. Psilocybin is a prodrug which is activated to psilocin within the body. The psychoactive action of psilocin primarily involves an interaction with the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. Currently, psilocybin is the most investigated psychedelic substance among the classic psychedelics. In particular, there are high hopes of using psilocybin in patients with treatment resistant major depression and pharmaceutical companies are currently conducting phase III studies. MDMA is an amphetamine derivative which, unlike prototypical amphetamines, predominantly enhances serotonergic neurotransmission via release of 5-HT through the SERT and it less potently also releases dopamine and norepinephrine through the dopamine transporter (DAT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET), respectively. Furthermore, MDMA is known to trigger oxytocin release which may contribute to its effects to increase trust, prosociality, and enhanced empathy and is therefore referred to as an \"entactogen\" or \"empathogen\". Being granted as a \"breakthrough therapy\" by the FDA, MDMA is currently investigated in substance-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of PTSD. By using a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over design the study will provide insight into the effects profiles of recreationally used psychoactive substances relevant for psychiatric research. Therefore the study will compare the acute subjective, physiological and endocrine effects of low (10 mg), medium (20 mg) and high (30 mg) doses of 2C-B with standard doses of MDMA (125 mg) and psilocybin (25 mg) in healthy subjects. Finally, the study will also allow to newly directly compare MDMA and psilocybin effects at representative doses and within the same subjects which will provide for a better characterization of these substances increasingly used in psychiatric research.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-03-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05523401", "keywords": "Healthy, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (10 mg), 2C-B, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (20 mg), 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (30 mg), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA, Psilocybin, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05523401\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 788, "title": "Further education in psychedelic-assisted therapy - experiences from Switzerland.", "normalized_title": "further education in psychedelic assisted therapy experiences from switzerland", "authors": "Aicher HD, Müller F, Gasser P.", "abstract": "The growing interest in psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) for treating psychiatric disorders such as treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, and anxiety has led to an increasing demand for specialized training. In Switzerland, MDMA, psilocybin, and LSD are applied in the framework of limited medical use as exceptional treatment options since 2014. The Swiss Medical Association for Psychedelic Therapy (SÄPT) has been a key player in addressing the need for education, offering a comprehensive, three-year training program for physicians and psychologists. This curriculum integrates theoretical knowledge with hands-on experience, emphasizing the therapeutic relationship, ethical considerations, and the management of altered states of consciousness induced by psychedelics. This article gives an overview of the structure and framework of the training and addresses topics covered by the program through theoretical teaching and retreats focusing on practical learning. However, the demand for these programs far exceeds supply. This gap is expected to widen as psychedelics potentially become regulated prescription medications. In response, several organizations have expanded their educational offerings, including further education trainings, workshops, conferences, and symposia. Overall, there is a need for more comprehensive and accessible training programs to meet the growing demand. The evolving landscape of psychedelic research, regulatory changes, and diverse patient populations require flexible and adaptive training models. As the field progresses, it is essential to establish certification standards and ensure the continued quality of training programs to ensure the safe and effective use of PAT in clinical trials and practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1186/s12909-025-06871-y", "pubmed_id": "40045361", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-06871-y", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychology, Curriculum, Switzerland", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40045361\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4433, "title": "Could psilocin rescue chronic, stress-accelerated, transcriptional aging in brain?", "normalized_title": "could psilocin rescue chronic stress accelerated transcriptional aging in brain", "authors": "Craig, Danny R, Blalock, Eric M.", "abstract": "Brain aging (BA) processes are complex, often affect multiple systems, and frequently lead to cognitive decline and increased susceptibility to insults. BA appears to be a primary risk for the development of many prominent neurodegenerative pathologies. The US Census Bureau predicts that the aging population (65+) will represent a greater proportion of the US population than children (under 18) by 2034, dramatically increasing the burden on health-care infrastructure.17 Several mechanisms of stress driven, aging-related neurologic dysfunction have been advanced in the past 50 years and include: Stress hormone exposure and glucocorticoid cascade;7, 16 calcium ion dyshomeostasis;8 allostatic load;10 and neuroinflammation.14 Taken together, these data suggest that many aspects of BA are accelerated, or even recapitulated, by stress. Here, the hippocampus (HIP) is an appropriate model structure based on its well-established role in cognition and memory, its manifestation of aging and stress-driven changes in gray (GM) and white matter (WM) transcriptional profiles, and its vulnerability to neurodegeneration; further, the HIP is a major target for stress hormones. It is well-recognized that stress’ influence on the limbic system is long-lasting. This may be due to its subcortical localization, evolutionarily conserved pathways, and potentially novel entrainment mechanism compared to the highly plastic neocortical memory processes ordinarily associated with cognition. Despite years of research clearly establishing a link between stress exposure and BA, no interventions targeting this interaction have been approved. We hypothesize that healthy BA and successful resilience to chronic stress would be indicated by improved hippocampal dependent, cognition, reduced stress-behavior, and reduced inflammatory transcriptional signatures; and not merely the persistence of youthful brain dynamics. Taken together, we refer to this constellation of beneficial responses in the aged and/or stressed subject as adaptive remodeling. Psilocin (PSI), the active metabolite of psilocybin, has agonist or partial agonist activity at serotonin [5-Hydroxtryptamine (5-HT)] receptors, including the G-protein coupled receptor subtypes: 5-HT1A, 5-HT1D, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C; functional interactions with central dopaminergic systems have also been demonstrated.12 Despite PSI’s known role in 5-HT and dopaminergic signaling, other agents engaging with these systems do not appear to exert similar effects; moreover, it is not clear to what extent PSI engages other glial and neuronal monoaminergic (e.g., serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine) systems. PSI has shown strong benefits in human studies and has twice been designated by the FDA as breakthrough therapy; first in 2018 for treatment resistant depression, and again in 2019 for major depressive disorder. Despite substantial interest in the therapeutic potential of PSI, little is known about the mechanisms through which it exerts its effects. An exhaustive search on the Gene Expression Omnibus revealed a single study using transcriptional profiling in ‘brain’ in conjunction with ‘PSI’ treatment (Donovan et al., 2021; GSE172074). Our lab analyzed raw RNAseq data from this study and identified genes associated with myelin sheath, synapse, and neuron, among others, to be significantly down regulated (p < 0.001) one week after treatment in pig prefrontal cortex. We propose a multi-level study in balanced groups of young and aged, male and female, Fischer 344 rats to investigate PSI’s effects on stress-accelerated BA. In Aim 1, using an ex-vivo hippocampal slice preparation, we will study the acute effects of PSI treatment on HIP. This model will be used to establish PSI concentration-effect relationships, identify responding HIP cell-types using immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization, as well as to investigate, using RNA-seq, transcriptional profiles from laser capture microdissected hippocampal GM vs WM. Using this nonbiased approach to look at sub-region-specific profiles, will help establish a more complete account of PSI’s mechanism of action. In this prep, we will also measure PSI’s influence on basic electrophysiology properties like synaptic strength, conduction velocity and after-hyperpolarizing potential. PSI’s chronic effect on HIP-dependent cognitive behavior has also not been fully elucidated in prior studies. We will address this gap in Aim 2 of our study by using the Morris water maze test after 12-week chronic restraint [3hrs/day, 4days/week, using disposable DecapiCone restraint (or 3D printed ‘Restraint Device’ if approved)]. In human trials,1, 3, 5, 15 PSI has been used as an adjunct to guided psychotherapy (PT). To date, there are no recognized animal models of PT; though, enriched environments such as, social interaction, have been shown to be beneficial in animal models of neurodegenerative disease.9 We will attempt to mimic PT in our animal model with enriched group housing vs single housing. Regardless of whether results support our hypothesis, the significance of this project derives from its potential both for elucidating basic mechanisms of interactions between stress and BA, and for suggesting new therapeutic approaches to major health-related problems that widely affect the elderly. References Carhart-Harris RL, Bolstridge M, Rucker J, et al. Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: an open-label feasibility study. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(7):619-627. Dalva MB, McClelland AC, Kayser MS. Cell adhesion molecules: signaling functions at the synapse (2007). Nat Rev Neurosci 8:206-220. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn20 75. Davis AK, Barrett FS, May DG, Cosimano MP, Sepeda ND, Johnson MW, Finan PH, Griffiths RR. Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2021 May 1;78(5):481-489. Donovan LL, Johansen JV, Ros NF, Jaberi E, Linnet K, Johansen SS, Ozenne B, Issazadeh-Navikas S, Hansen HD, & Knudsen GM. Effects of a single dose of psilocybin on behaviour, brain 5-HT2A receptor occupancy and gene expression in the pig. (2021). European neuropsychopharmacology: The journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 42, 1-11. Griffiths RR, Johnson MW, Carducci MA, et al. Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized double-blind trial. J Psychopharmacol. 2016;30(12):1181-1197. Hargis K, Buechel HM, Popovic J, Blalock EM: Acute psychosocial stress in mid-aged male rats causes hyperthermia, cognitive decline, and increased deep sleep power, but does not alter deep sleep duration. Neurobiol Aging 2018, 70:78-85. Landfield PW. An endocrine hypothesis of brain aging and studies on brain-endocrine correlations and monosynaptic neurophysiology during aging. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. (1978). 113, 179-199.doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8893-7_11. Landfield PW, Pitler TA. Prolonged Ca2+-dependent afterhyperpolarizations in hippocampal neurons of aged rats. Science (New York, N.Y.) 226, 4678 (1984): 1089-92. Laviola G, Hannan AJ, Macrì S, Solinas M, & Jaber M. (2008). Effects of enriched environment on animal models of neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. Neurobiology of Disease, 31, 159-168. McEwen BS, Stellar E. Stress and the individual. Mechanisms leading to disease. Arch Intern Med. 1993 Sep 27;153(18):2093-101. PMID: 8379800. Nichols CD, Martin DA (2015). Serotonergic hallucinogens preferentially activate subsets of cortical neurons, interneurons, and glial cells in the mPFC, somato- sensory cortex, and claustrum, and induce rapid redistribution of 5-HT2A receptor protein in neurons ACNP 54th Annual meeting, Abstract T182. Passie T, Seifert J, Schneider U, Emrich H M. The pharmacology of psilocybin. Addict. Biol. 7, 357-364 (2002). Pourhamzeh M, Moravej FG, Arabi M, Shahriari E, Mehrabi S, Ward R, Ahadi R, Joghataei MT. The Roles of Serotonin in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1007/s10571-021-01064-9. Rogers J, Webster S, Lue LF, Brachova L, Civin WH, Emmerling M, Shivers B, Walker D, McGeer P. Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. (1996) Neurobiol Aging 17:681-686. Ross S, Bossis A, Guss J, et al. Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial. J Psychopharmacol. 2016;30(12):1165-1180. Sapolsky RM, Krey LC, McEwen BS. The neuroendocrinology of stress and aging: the glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis. 1986. Endocr.Rev. 7, 284-301. doi: 10.1210/edrv-7-3-284. United States Census Bureau. (2018). An Aging Nation. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2018/comm/pop-projections-1.jpg.", "journal": "UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)", "publication_date": "2025-03-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://uknowledge.uky.edu/jpns/vol2/iss1/1", "keywords": "Hippocampal formation, Neuroscience, Cognition, Population, Cognitive decline, Biology, Chronic stress, Hippocampus, Affect (linguistics), Disease, Glucocorticoid, Psychology, Mechanism (biology), Vulnerability (computing), Medicine, Allostatic load, Bioinformatics, Psychological resilience, Transcriptome, Zebrafish, Aging brain, Hormone, Torpor, Amygdala, Stressor, Allostasis, Senescence, Fight-or-flight response, Cognitive aging, Psychological intervention, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Sleep and Wakefulness Research, Memory and Neural Mechanisms", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110662772\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110662772\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Craig, Danny R\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Blalock, Eric M.\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306402623\",\"source_display_name\":\"UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/jpns/vol2/iss1/1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Cellular Senescence,Resilience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Animal Study,Older Adults,Adolescents,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions,Transcriptomics,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7110662772" }, { "id": 4434, "title": "Psilocybin therapy might help frontline pandemic workers", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy might help frontline pandemic workers", "authors": "", "abstract": "The stressors that frontline healthcare workers experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread burnout, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Based on research showing that psychedelic-assisted therapy led to improvement in symptoms of depression in various populations, investigators conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effects of psilocybin therapy among clinicians who experienced such symptoms as a result of their work during the pandemic. The trial enrolled physicians, advanced practice professionals, and nurses who had at least one month of frontline clinical care during the pandemic and reported being involved in at least two of these activities for more than half of their day: caring for a critically ill patient, working longer hours to care for COVID patients, witnessing or responding to a COVID-related death, and caring for a patient who died without their family present due to COVID precautions. Participants could not have a pre-pandemic mental health diagnosis or a current substance use disorder. The study intervention comprised two preparation sessions, a medication session in which participants received oral psilocybin 25 mg or control niacin 100 mg, and three integration sessions. The primary outcome was change from baseline to day 28 in depressive symptoms as measured by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Secondary outcomes were change in measures of burnout and PTSD. Thirty clinicians with a mean age of 38 participated. Psilocybin led to significant improvement over the control condition in depressive symptoms, with decreases in the psilocybin group sustained at 6 months. There were numerically larger decreases in symptoms of burnout and PTSD in the psilocybin group, but the difference was not significant in the measure of burnout and the comparison for PTSD was not statistically tested. No serious adverse events were reported. “The results establish psilocybin therapy as a new paradigm of treatment for this post-pandemic condition and add to the evidence of psilocybin therapy for depression,” the study's authors asserted. [Back, A., et al. (2024). JAMA Network Open. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49026]", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2025-03-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31292", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31292", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Pandemic, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Pharmacology, Virology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Disease, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Outbreak, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408154898\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408154898\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31292\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408154898" }, { "id": 797, "title": "Psychedelics for Cancer Pain and Associated Psychological Distress: A Narrative Review of a Potential Strategy.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for cancer pain and associated psychological distress a narrative review of a potential strategy", "authors": "Belitzky E, Ravani Carvalho LV, Taylor M, Ortiz CN, Baum L, Fiellin DA, Lustberg MB.", "abstract": "PurposeTo evaluate the current level of evidence for the use of psychedelics for the management of cancer pain and associated psychological distress.ContentPain is a common symptom of cancer and treatment. However, there are high rates of undertreatment of cancer pain due to the complex underlying biology of the condition, and potentially due to a decrease in opioid prescribing in response to the opioid epidemic. A diagnosis of cancer and cancer-related pain can trigger high levels of psychological distress throughout cancer treatment. Cancer pain can also be exacerbated by anxiety, depression, quality of life challenges, and fear of death and dying, as well as by fear of recurrence or progression. Several pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches have been utilized to mitigate pain and symptom burden with some success. However, there remains an unmet need for better management of cancer pain and associated symptoms. Psychedelics, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, mescaline, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), are under consideration as new pharmacologic strategies for mitigating pain and the distress associated with cancer pain and associated symptom burden. Although published studies are limited, regulatory hurdles have decreased. Many clinical trials are underway to assess further the use of psychedelics and behavioral counseling for patients with cancer and comorbidities such as anxiety or depression. These studies examine both the feasibility and efficacy of psychedelics for pain and psychological distress. Early results are promising, and additional research is needed to understand efficacy and tolerability in broader cancer populations.ImplicationsThere is an unmet need to improve pain management in patients with cancer and to mitigate psychological distress. Further research is required to understand the efficacy of psychedelics for the treatment of cancer pain and distress. Recent regulatory changes have paved the way for increased research on the clinical efficacy of psychedelics in cancer.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/cam4.70586", "pubmed_id": "40052631", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70586", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Quality of Life, Pain Management, Cancer Pain, Psychological Distress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40052631\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3764, "title": "Sociodemographic and mental-health characteristics of psychedelic-assisted therapy participants: Latent class analysis of a cross-sectional, purposive online sample", "normalized_title": "sociodemographic and mental health characteristics of psychedelic assisted therapy participants latent class analysis of a cross sectional purposive online sample", "authors": "Petrovitch D, Hosford S, Littlefield AK, Austin-Robillard H.", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging treatment approach that often combines pharmacotherapeutic dosing sessions with more traditional psychotherapy. Despite limited formal regulatory approval, treatment seekers can currently access PAT through a variety of avenues, including ketamine treatment centers and “supported adult use” psilocybin centers in the U.S., drug tourism, “underground” therapy, and participation in clinical trials, among other ways. This has created a heterogenous landscape of PAT access in which people self-report PAT utilization with a variety of psychedelic and hallucinogenic drugs. However, there is limited published data on patterns of PAT involvement across drugs among real-world patients.Therefore, the present study investigated patterns of PAT utilization by applying latent class analysis (LCA) to a purposive sample of 244 self-identified PAT patients. Participants were recruited from a variety of sources (e.g., ketamine clinics, social media groups, a large U.S. university) and asked to report lifetime PAT utilization involving six compounds: psilocybin, ketamine, mescaline, ayahuasca/N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Participants also completed sociodemographic and internalizing measures (e.g., Beck Depression Inventory II, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and responses were compared across classes.LCA yielded a three-class solution. In addition to High- (55.7% of the sample) and Medium-PAT classes (29.1%), a unique Psilocybin-Ketamine class (15.2%) was identified-membership in this class was characterized by universal involvement with psilocybin and notable involvement with ketamine PAT compared to other compounds. Between-class comparisons of mental-health assessments indicated that the High-PAT class reported elevated depression and anxiety.These findings suggest that high levels of lifetime involvement in a variety of PAT modalities may be associated with more severe self-reported psychiatric symptoms, raising questions about selection or iatrogenic effects within the current PAT landscape. The emergence of a Psilocybin-Ketamine class implies that these substances may serve as initial entry points into PAT.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-02-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/26tz7_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/26tz7_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:19", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1055676\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3196, "title": "Sociodemographic and mental-health characteristics of psychedelic-assisted therapy participants: Latent class analysis of a cross-sectional, purposive online sample", "normalized_title": "sociodemographic and mental health characteristics of psychedelic assisted therapy participants latent class analysis of a cross sectional purposive online sample", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging treatment approach that often combines pharmacotherapeutic dosing sessions with more traditional psychotherapy. Despite limited formal regulatory approval, treatment seekers can currently access PAT through a variety of avenues, including ketamine treatment centers and “supported adult use” psilocybin centers in the U.S., drug tourism, “underground” therapy, and participation in clinical trials, among other ways. This has created a heterogenous landscape of PAT access in which people self-report PAT utilization with a variety of psychedelic and hallucinogenic drugs. However, there is limited published data on patterns of PAT involvement across drugs among real-world patients. Therefore, the present study investigated patterns of PAT utilization by applying latent class analysis (LCA) to a purposive sample of 244 self-identified PAT patients. Participants were recruited from a variety of sources (e.g., ketamine clinics, social media groups, a large U.S. university) and asked to report lifetime PAT utilization involving six compounds: psilocybin, ketamine, mescaline, ayahuasca/N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Participants also completed sociodemographic and internalizing measures (e.g., Beck Depression Inventory II, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and responses were compared across classes. LCA yielded a three-class solution. In addition to High- (55.7% of the sample) and Medium-PAT classes (29.1%), a unique Psilocybin-Ketamine class (15.2%) was identified-membership in this class was characterized by universal involvement with psilocybin and notable involvement with ketamine PAT compared to other compounds. Between-class comparisons of mental-health assessments indicated that the High-PAT class reported elevated depression and anxiety. These findings suggest that high levels of lifetime involvement in a variety of PAT modalities may be associated with more severe self-reported psychiatric symptoms, raising questions about selection or iatrogenic effects within the current PAT landscape. The emergence of a Psilocybin-Ketamine class implies that these substances may serve as initial entry points into PAT.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-02-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/26tz7_v1", "keywords": "ketamine, latent class analysis, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted therapy, purposive sampling methods, underground psychedelic therapy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Therapy, Psychotherapy, Psychopharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"26tz7_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 815, "title": "A review of psychedelics trials completed in depression, informed by European regulatory perspectives.", "normalized_title": "a review of psychedelics trials completed in depression informed by european regulatory perspectives", "authors": "Silva F, Butlen-Ducuing F, Guizzaro L, Balabanov P.", "abstract": "There is a growing body of clinical research on the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for the treatment of mental health disorders, notably depression. Accordingly, the new revision of the European Medicines Agency guideline on the clinical investigation of products for depression will incorporate a section covering specific regulatory recommendations for the design of studies with psychedelics. The present review investigated the methodological approaches adopted in completed controlled trials of psychedelics for depression in light of initial considerations included in the draft guideline revision. A systematic search conducted on scientific databases (Embase and Medline) and clinical trial registries (clinicaltrials.gov and WHO ICTPR) identified 8 completed trials as of February 2024. The trials tested psilocybin, LSD, Ayahuasca, and DMT, for major depressive disorder or treatment-resistant depression, and were all pahse 2 or 1/2. Patterns in pre-defined methodological variables pertaining to trial design, population, interventions, outcome measures and safety assessments were analysed and collated against considerations on unblinding and expectancy, choice of comparator, the definition of treatment frameworks, the characterisation of the subjective psychedelic experience and the specification of adverse events in relation to subjective psychedelic effects. Areas for future research, including long-term efficacy and safety and the influence of inter-individual differences, can be investigated in larger studies, necessary for marketing authorisation applications. Ultimately, balancing the intricacies of conducting trials with psychedelics with ensuring adherence to regulatory requirements can be facilitated by early dialogue with medicines regulators, and will be essential for the medical development of psychedelics to address unmet patient needs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105516", "pubmed_id": "40654583", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105516", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40654583\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 824, "title": "A qualitative analysis of the psychedelic mushroom come-up and come-down", "normalized_title": "a qualitative analysis of the psychedelic mushroom come up and come down", "authors": "Ari Brouwer, Joshua K. Brown, Earth Erowid, Fire Erowid, Sylvia Thyssen, Charles L. Raison, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "Psychedelic therapy has the potential to become a revolutionary and transdiagnostic mental health treatment, yielding enduring benefits that are often attributed to the experiences that coincide with peak psychedelic effects. However, there may be an underrecognized temporal structure to this process that helps explain why psychedelic and related altered states of consciousness can have an initially distressing but ultimately distress-resolving effect. Here we present a qualitative analysis of the self-reported 'come-up' or onset phase, and 'come-down' or falling phase, of the psychedelic experience. Focusing on psilocybin or psilocybin-containing mushroom experience reports submitted to Erowid.org, we use phenomenological, thematic content and word frequency analysis to show that the come-up is more often characterized by negatively valenced feeling states that resemble an acute stress reaction, while the come-down phase is more often characterized by positively valenced feeling states of the sort often observed following recovery from illness or resolution of stress. The therapeutic and theoretical relevance of these findings are discussed.", "journal": "npj Mental Health Research", "publication_date": "2025-02-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s44184-024-00095-6", "pubmed_id": "39915687", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44184-024-00095-6", "keywords": "Mushroom, Qualitative analysis, Art, Biology, Qualitative research, Sociology, Botany, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Plant and animal studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407207411\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407207411\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024985387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058149501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122780895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2927237494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945258316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954122547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954170085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3037433362\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082204375\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091936754\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3100714436\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107793629\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137933781\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165796092\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184236720\",\"https://openalex.org/W3208662682\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229070589\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281687410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293756089\",\"https://openalex.org/W4299873931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311093363\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382679767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399982789\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067294956\",\"display_name\":\"Ari Brouwer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-4664\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043898578\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua K. Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8139-2290\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072823665\",\"display_name\":\"Earth Erowid\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071578213\",\"display_name\":\"Fire Erowid\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002214526\",\"display_name\":\"Sylvia Thyssen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024726266\",\"display_name\":\"Charles L. Raison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-0066\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387280515\",\"source_display_name\":\"npj Mental Health Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44184-024-00095-6\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Consciousness,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4407207411" }, { "id": 826, "title": "Emerging Medications for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Review with Perspective on Mechanisms and Challenges.", "normalized_title": "emerging medications for treatment resistant depression a review with perspective on mechanisms and challenges", "authors": "Lucido MJ, Dunlop BW.", "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Non-response to initial treatment options for major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common clinical challenge with profound deleterious impacts for affected patients. Few treatments have received regulatory approval for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods: A systematic search of United States and European Union clinical trials registries was conducted to identify Phase II, III, or IV clinical trials, with a last update posted on or after 1 January 2020, that were evaluating medications for TRD. For both the US and EU registries, the condition term \"treatment resistant depression\" and associated lower-level terms (per registry search protocol) were used. For the US registry, a secondary search using the condition term \"depressive disorders\" and the modifying term \"inadequate\" was also performed to capture registrations not tagged as TRD. Two additional searches were also conducted in the US registry for the terms \"suicide\" and \"anhedonia\" as transdiagnostic targets of investigational medications. Trials were categorized based on the primary mechanism of action of the trial's investigational medication. Results: Fifty clinical trials for TRD, 20 for anhedonia, and 25 for suicide were identified. Glutamate system modulation was the mechanism currently with the most compounds in development, including antagonists and allosteric modulators of NMDA receptors, AMPA receptors, metabotropic type 2/3 glutamate receptors, and intracellular effector molecules downstream of glutamate signaling. Psychedelics have seen the greatest surge among mechanistic targets in the past 5 years, however, with psilocybin in particular garnering significant attention. Other mechanisms included GABA modulators, monoamine modulators, anti-inflammatory/immune-modulating agents, and an orexin type 2 receptor antagonist. Conclusions: These investigations offer substantial promise for more efficacious and potentially personalized medication approaches for TRD. Challenges for detecting efficacy in TRD include the heterogeneity within the TRD population stemming from the presumed variety of biological dysfunctions underlying the disorder, comorbid disorders, chronic psychosocial stressors, and enduring effects of prior serotonergic antidepressant medication treatments.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci15020161", "pubmed_id": "40002494", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15020161", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40002494\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 825, "title": "The Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelics in Treating Substance Use Disorders: A Review of Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in treating substance use disorders a review of clinical trials", "authors": "Hogea L, Tabugan DC, Costea I, Albai O, Nussbaum L, Cojocaru A, Corsaro L, Anghel T.", "abstract": "Background and Objectives: Substance use disorders (SUDs) affect millions worldwide. Despite increasing drug use, treatment options remain limited. Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), integrating psychedelic substances with psychotherapy, offers a promising alternative by addressing underlying neural mechanisms. Materials and Methods: This review's purpose is to investigate the current understanding of psychedelic therapy for treating SUDs, including tobacco, alcohol, and drug addiction. The systematic review approach focused on clinical trials and randomized controlled trials conducted from 2013 to 2023. The search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Consensus AI, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies involving psychedelics like LSD, psilocybin, ibogaine, and ayahuasca for treating various addictions were included, excluding naturalistic studies and reviews. Results: Our results highlight the key findings from 16 clinical trials investigating psychedelic therapy for SUDs. Psychedelics like psilocybin and ayahuasca showed promise in reducing alcohol and tobacco dependence, with psilocybin being particularly effective in decreasing cravings and promoting long-term abstinence. The studies revealed significant improvements in substance use reduction, especially when combined with psychotherapy. However, the variability in dosages and study design calls for more standardized approaches. These findings emphasize the potential of psychedelics in SUD treatment, though further large-scale research is needed to validate these results and develop consistent protocols. Conclusions: This research reviewed the past decade's international experience, emphasizing the growing potential of psychedelic therapy in treating SUDs pertaining to alcohol, tobacco, and cocaine dependence. Psychedelics such as psilocybin and ketamine can reduce cravings and promote psychological well-being, especially when combined with psychotherapy. However, regulatory barriers and specialized clinical training are necessary to integrate these therapies into mainstream addiction treatment safely. Psychedelics offer a promising alternative for those unresponsive to conventional methods.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/medicina61020278", "pubmed_id": "40005395", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61020278", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40005395\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 830, "title": "Investigating novel pharmacological strategies for treatment-resistant depression: focus on new mechanisms and approaches.", "normalized_title": "investigating novel pharmacological strategies for treatment resistant depression focus on new mechanisms and approaches", "authors": "de Miranda AS, C B Toscano E, Venna VR, Graeff FG, Teixeira AL.", "abstract": "IntroductionA substantial number of patients exhibit treatment-resistant depression (TRD), posing significant challenges to clinicians. The discovery of novel molecules or mechanisms that may underlie TRD pathogenesis and antidepressant actions is highly needed.Areas coveredUsing the PubMed database, the authors searched for emerging evidence of novel approaches for TRD based on experimental and human studies. Herein, the authors discuss the mechanisms underlying glutamatergic antagonists, modulators of the opioid system, and tryptamine-derivate psychedelics as well as the emerging platforms to investigate novel pharmacological targets for TRD. A search for clinical trials investigating novel agents and interventions for TRD was also conducted.Expert opinionThe understanding of the multiple pathophysiological mechanisms involved in TRD may add further value to the effective treatment, contributing to a more personalized approach. Esketamine was approved for the treatment of TRD and novel drugs with rapid antidepressant actions such as psilocybin and buprenorphine have also been investigated as potential therapeutic strategies. Over the past decades, technological advances such as omics approaches have broadened our knowledge regarding molecular and genetic underpinnings of complex conditions like TRD. Omics approaches could open new avenues for investigating glial-mediated mechanisms, including their crosstalk with neurons, as therapeutic targets in TRD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/17460441.2025.2460674", "pubmed_id": "39885729", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17460441.2025.2460674", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39885729\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4452, "title": "Clinical Trial Comparing Psilocybin to Nicotine Patch for Tobacco Addiction", "normalized_title": "clinical trial comparing psilocybin to nicotine patch for tobacco addiction", "authors": "Matthew Weirick Johnson", "abstract": "", "journal": "Drug and Alcohol Dependence", "publication_date": "2025-01-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112187", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112187", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Addiction, Nicotine, Nicotine patch, Nicotine Addiction, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Medicine, Placebo, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407077022\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407077022\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014436206\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Weirick Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-2088\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S109998069\",\"source_display_name\":\"Drug and Alcohol Dependence\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112187\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4407077022" }, { "id": 846, "title": "Psychedelic-assisted treatment for substance use disorder: A narrative systematic review.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted treatment for substance use disorder a narrative systematic review", "authors": "Piper T, Small F, Brown S, Kelleher M, Mitcheson L, Rucker J, Young AH, Marsden J.", "abstract": "Background and aimsThis is the first systematic review of the extant literature on all major psychedelic-assisted treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), tobacco use disorder (TUD) and other substance use disorders (SUD). We aimed to summarise the evidence for efficacy of psychedelic-assisted treatment for AUD, TUD, and SUD; to evaluate its quality; and to offer recommendations for research.MethodsThis was a prospectively registered narrative systematic review of open-label, randomised controlled trials (RCT), and observational studies of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, psilocybin, ayahuasca, ketamine, ibogaine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Eligible studies had SUD outcome measures including craving, substance use, relapse, and remission. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias (RoB), and Cochrane Collaboration RoB in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tool. Certainty of evidence for RCTs was judged using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) tool.Findings37 studies (2035 participants) were reviewed: LSD (14; n = 1047); mescaline (1; n = 7); psilocybin (4; n = 135); ayahuasca (3; n = 101); ketamine (10; n = 579); ibogaine (5; n = 166); and MDMA (1; n = 14). There were no serious adverse events reported in any study. A two-centre, placebo-controlled, phase 2 superiority RCT of psilocybin for AUD, and a two-centre, double-blind, four-arm, placebo-controlled phase 2 RCT of ketamine for AUD yielded the best evidence of efficacy. Progression support to a phase 3 trials was secured from an open-label phase 2 study of psilocybin for TUD and nine phase 2 RCTs of ketamine for AUD, cannabis use disorder, cocaine use disorder, and opioid use disorder (all nine with high-RoB and low-GRADE evidence certainty).ConclusionsPsilocybin-assisted treatment for alcohol use disorder appears to have the best evidence of efficacy among all major psychedelic-assisted treatments for alcohol, tobacco, and other substance use disorders. Future research of psychedelic-assisted treatment should report all safety events; screen for person-level characteristics indicating that psychedelic-assisted substance use disorders treatment is contraindicated; strive to mitigate blinding of participants to interventions; use factorial designs for drug and psychotherapy randomised controlled trials; and build consensus for a field-specific Core Outcome Set.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/add.16762", "pubmed_id": "39887551", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16762", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39887551\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3679, "title": "A Phase II Randomized, Double-blind, Active Placebo-controlled Parallel Group Trial to Examine the Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin in Treatment-resistant Major Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase ii randomized double blind active placebo controlled parallel group trial to examine the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression", "authors": "Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim", "abstract": "The study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of oral psilocybin administered under supportive conditions in treatment-resistant major depression (TRD). The study is a bi-centric, prospective, randomized, active placebo-controlled study investigating the effects of 25 mg and 5 mg (p.o.) psilocybin versus placebo (100 mg nicotinamide) in a psychotherapeutic context in 144 patients with TRD from moderate to severe degree (ICD-10 F32/F33). After giving written informed consent and down-titration of their monoaminergic medication under supervision of the treating psychiatrist and the study team, patients will be randomly assigned to one of four trial arms using an online randomization tool: 1) receiving placebo (100 mg nicotinamide) at the first session and the full dose (25 mg) at the second; 2) receiving the presumably sub-effective dose (5 mg) at the first session and the full dose (25 mg) at the second; 3a) receiving the full dose (25 mg) at the first session and 5 mg at the second; 3b) receiving the full dose at both sessions. The two dosing sessions are accompanied by three preparatory and four integration sessions. Drug administration must occur under psychotherapeutic conditions. Two trained therapists (one male, one female) will be assigned to each patient and be present during each dosing, preparatory and integration sessions. We will follow the safety guidelines provided by Johnson et al. (2), including a thorough preparation, establishment of trust/rapport, a safe and pleasing physical environment and sufficient interpersonal support. For safety reasons and close monitoring, patients will stay hospitalized for one night after each dosing session (i.e. in-patient setting).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-01-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04670081", "keywords": "Treatment-resistant Depression, Psilocybin, Nicotinamide, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04670081\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 722, "title": "Catalyst for change: Psilocybin's antidepressant mechanisms-A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "catalyst for change psilocybin s antidepressant mechanisms a systematic review", "authors": "Liebnau J, Betzler F, Kerber A.", "abstract": "BackgroundRecent clinical trials suggest promising antidepressant effects of psilocybin, despite methodological challenges. While various studies have investigated distinct mechanisms and proposed theoretical opinions, a comprehensive understanding of psilocybin's neurobiological and psychological antidepressant mechanisms is lacking.AimsSystematically review potential antidepressant neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of psilocybin.MethodsSearch terms were generated based on existing evidence of psilocybin's effects related to antidepressant mechanisms. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, 15 studies were systematically reviewed, exploring various therapeutic change principles such as brain dynamics, emotion regulation, cognition, self-referential processing, connectedness, and interpersonal functioning.ResultsWithin a supportive setting, psilocybin promoted openness, cognitive and neural flexibility, and greater ability and acceptance of emotional experiences. A renewed sense of connectedness to the self, others, and the world emerged as a key experience. Imaging studies consistently found altered brain dynamics, characterized by reduced global and within default mode network connectivity, alongside increased between-network connectivity.ConclusionsTogether, these changes may create a fertile yet vulnerable window for change, emphasizing the importance of a supportive set, setting, and therapeutic guidance. The results suggest that psilocybin, within a supportive context, may induce antidepressant effects by leveraging the interplay between neurobiological mechanisms and common psychotherapeutic factors. This complements the view of purely pharmacological effects, supporting a multileveled approach that reflects various relevant dimensions of therapeutic change, including neurobiological, psychological, and environmental factors.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241312866", "pubmed_id": "39829391", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241312866", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Cognition, Psilocybin, Emotional Regulation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39829391\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 854, "title": "Uncovering Psychedelics: From Neural Circuits to Therapeutic Applications.", "normalized_title": "uncovering psychedelics from neural circuits to therapeutic applications", "authors": "Melani A, Bonaso M, Biso L, Zucchini B, Conversano C, Scarselli M.", "abstract": "Psychedelics, historically celebrated for their cultural and spiritual significance, have emerged as potential breakthrough therapeutic agents due to their profound effects on consciousness, emotional processing, mood, and neural plasticity. This review explores the mechanisms underlying psychedelics' effects, focusing on their ability to modulate brain connectivity and neural circuit activity, including the default mode network (DMN), cortico-striatal thalamo-cortical (CSTC) loops, and the relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) model. Advanced neuroimaging techniques reveal psychedelics' capacity to enhance functional connectivity between sensory cerebral areas while reducing the connections between associative brain areas, decreasing the rigidity and rendering the brain more plastic and susceptible to external changings, offering insights into their therapeutic outcome. The most relevant clinical trials of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) demonstrate significant efficacy in treating treatment-resistant psychiatric conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety, with favorable safety profiles. Despite these advancements, critical gaps remain in linking psychedelics' molecular actions to their clinical efficacy. This review highlights the need for further research to integrate mechanistic insights and optimize psychedelics as tools for both therapy and understanding human cognition.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/ph18010130", "pubmed_id": "39861191", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18010130", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39861191\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 550, "title": "A critical evaluation of psilocybin-assisted therapy protocol components from clinical trial patients, facilitators, and caregivers.", "normalized_title": "a critical evaluation of psilocybin assisted therapy protocol components from clinical trial patients facilitators and caregivers", "authors": "Roman Palitsky, Jessica L. Maples-Keller, Caroline Peacock, Boadie W. Dunlop, Tanja Mletzko, George H. Grant, Charles L. Raison, Sam Chao, Isabelle Shub, Michal Mendelbaum-Kweller, Liam Smolyar, Deanna M. Kaplan, Barbara O. Rothbaum, Ali John Zarrabi", "abstract": "= 7) in an open-label trial investigating PAT for cancer-related demoralization and chronic pain. Patients and caregivers were interviewed after their last treatment session in the trial; facilitators were interviewed at the end of the entire trial. Rapid qualitative analysis identified specific domains for improvement in the treatment protocol based on the E-CIT. Critical incidents, wish list items, and contributing factors pertained to aspects of the therapy (e.g., importance of intention-setting) and the overall protocol (e.g., navigating transitions in the treatment). Findings indicate the importance of tailoring PAT to accommodate the medical history and needs of this population, support common factors, and ensure collaborative care. Recommendations across nine topic areas were derived from the data and presented in the Discussion. The E-CIT shows promise for advancing early stage research on PAT components. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).", "journal": "Psychotherapy", "publication_date": "2025-01-12", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1037/pst0000551", "pubmed_id": "39804360", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000551", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Protocol (science), Psychotherapist, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Clinical trial, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Alternative medicine, Intervention (counseling), Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406306242\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406306242\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":13,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079412671\",\"display_name\":\"Roman Palitsky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0415-6411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081814425\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica L. Maples-Keller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4768-7332\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036611946\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline Peacock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6044-8854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017664220\",\"display_name\":\"Tanja Mletzko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-9698\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032782680\",\"display_name\":\"George H. Grant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-7286\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024726266\",\"display_name\":\"Charles L. Raison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-0066\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109930009\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Chao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115857992\",\"display_name\":\"Isabelle Shub\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115857989\",\"display_name\":\"Michal Mendelbaum-Kweller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115857990\",\"display_name\":\"Liam Smolyar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088822196\",\"display_name\":\"Deanna M. Kaplan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-3029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5105369336\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara O. Rothbaum\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016408488\",\"display_name\":\"Ali John Zarrabi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0079-2250\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S133322011\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychotherapy\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000551\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406306242" }, { "id": 806, "title": "A systematic review of participant diversity in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy trials.", "normalized_title": "a systematic review of participant diversity in psychedelic assisted psychotherapy trials", "authors": "Haft SL, Downey AE, Raymond-Flesch M, Fernandes-Osterhold G, Bradley ER, O'Donovan A, Woolley J.", "abstract": "A lack of diverse and representative participant samples in mental health intervention research perpetuates mental health disparities. This issue has become a salient concern in studies of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAT), which is emerging as a promising mental health intervention. This systematic review evaluates the reporting, representation, and analysis of participant sociodemographic characteristics in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PAT. A total of 21 RCTs of psilocybin- and 3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapies (N = 1034) are summarized. Participants' gender (100%) and race or ethnicity (76%) were frequently reported, with socioeconomic status (SES) sometimes (57%) reported using heterogeneous metrics. Sexual orientation (9.5%) and immigration status (4.8%) were rarely reported, and no studies reported gender identity. Compared to their representation in the US population and non-psychedelic clinical trials, Black/African-American participants (2.2%) and Hispanic/Latino participants (7.2%) were significantly underrepresented in PAT RCTs. MDMA trials enrolled more diverse participant samples than psilocybin trials. Analyses on treatment effects based on demographic variables were virtually nonexistent. These findings underscore the need for more inclusive recruitment strategies, along with more rigorous reporting, to improve the generalizability of PAT research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116359", "pubmed_id": "39823947", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116359", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39823947\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 862, "title": "Neurobiological mechanisms of antidepressant properties of psilocybin: A systematic review of blood biomarkers.", "normalized_title": "neurobiological mechanisms of antidepressant properties of psilocybin a systematic review of blood biomarkers", "authors": "Constantino JL, van Dalfsen JH, Massetti S, Kamphuis J, Schoevers RA.", "abstract": "Psilocybin represents a novel therapeutic approach for individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) who do not respond to conventional antidepressant treatment. Investigating the influence of psilocybin on the pathophysiological processes involved in MDD could enhance our neurobiological understanding of the presumed antidepressant action mechanism. This systematic review aims to summarize the results of human studies investigating changes in blood-based biomarkers of MDD to guide future research on potentially relevant analytes that could be monitored in clinical trials. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science to retrieve studies investigating changes in serum and plasma levels of neurotrophic, immunologic, neuroendocrine, and metabolic markers. Nine studies were included, describing findings on 15 biomarkers, exclusively in healthy participants. Studies consistently reported a decrease in interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and eosinophils, and an increase in cortisol, prolactin, oxytocin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and free fatty acids following psilocybin administration. Less consistent effects were observed on interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, and growth hormone. The results are in line with preclinical studies and provide initial support from human studies that psilocybin potentially leads to beneficial effects on biomarkers of MDD. However, given the limited number of studies, findings should be approached with caution prior to replication. Further research should include larger samples, clinical populations, longer-term assessment, rigorous experimental designs, and account for the potential confounding of psychological stress related to the psychedelic experience.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111251", "pubmed_id": "39788410", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111251", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Biomarkers, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39788410\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 863, "title": "Clinical and preclinical evidence of psilocybin as antidepressant. A narrative review.", "normalized_title": "clinical and preclinical evidence of psilocybin as antidepressant a narrative review", "authors": "Erkizia-Santamaría I, Horrillo I, Meana JJ, Ortega JE.", "abstract": "In the rapidly growing field of psychedelic research, psilocybin (and active metabolite psilocin) has been proposed as a promising candidate in the search for novel treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders. Clinical trials have revealed that psilocybin has a large, rapid, and persistent effect in the improvement of symptoms of depression and anxiety. The safety profile is considered favourable, with low toxicity and good tolerance. Several preclinical studies have also been carried out to determine the long-term mechanism of action of this drug. In this sense, preclinical studies in naïve animals as well as in animal models of disease have shown somewhat discrepant results in conventional tests for assessment of depression- and anxiety-like phenotype in response to psilocybin, but overall suggest positive outcomes. Additionally, several valuable assays in rodent models have been developed over the years to elucidate the neurochemical correlates of serotonin 2A receptor (5HT2AR) activation in the brain, primary molecular target of psilocin. This review aims to provide a general overview of the current and most recent literature in the therapeutic potential of psilocybin through a description of clinical trials of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, and to showcase the scene in the up-to-date preclinical research. A detailed description of preclinical rodent models and experimental approaches that have been used to study the neurobiological and behavioural actions of psilocybin is provided, and potential therapeutic mechanisms of action are discussed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111249", "pubmed_id": "39778644", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111249", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Disease Models, Animal, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39778644\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 807, "title": "Elucidating the Phase I metabolism of psilocin in vitro.", "normalized_title": "elucidating the phase i metabolism of psilocin in vitro", "authors": "Chen J, Wang Z, Yong CY, Goh EML, Moy HY, Chan ECY.", "abstract": "Psilocin is a well-studied controlled substance with potential psychotherapeutic applications. However, research gaps remain regarding its metabolism. Our objective was to elucidate a comprehensive Phase I metabolic profile of psilocin to support its forensic management and clinical development. We utilized human enzymes from various sources to characterize the Phase I metabolism of psilocin and estimated its hepatic and extrahepatic clearances via in vitro to in vivo extrapolation. We identified 2-(4-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-acetaldehyde (4-HIA) as the Phase I intermediate metabolite for the first time. Psilocin was metabolized to 4-HIA by monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), and further metabolized to the terminal metabolite 2-(4-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-acetic acid (4-HIAA) by cytosolic aldehyde oxidase (AO) and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). MAO-A-mediated hepatic clearance of psilocin (CLH,MAO-A) was estimated to be 158.74 mL/min, accounting for 80.9% of the total hepatic metabolism of psilocin (CLH,all). MAO-A primarily contributed to the Phase I metabolism of psilocin. Total MAO-A-mediated organ clearance (CLall organs,MAO-A) was estimated to be 614.81 mL/min, with CLH,MAO-A accounting for 25.8%, indicating extensive MAO-A-mediated extrahepatic clearance of psilocin. Overall, our study sheds novel insights on Phase I metabolic pathway of psilocin and illuminated the importance of MAO-A-mediated hepatic and extrahepatic clearances of psilocin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s00204-024-03952-7", "pubmed_id": "39751877", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-024-03952-7", "keywords": "Liver, Microsomes, Liver, Animals, Humans, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Aldehyde Oxidase, Monoamine Oxidase, Hallucinogens, Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39751877\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406036520" }, { "id": 3201, "title": "Perturbing whole-brain models of brain hierarchy: an application for depression following pharmacological treatment", "normalized_title": "perturbing whole brain models of brain hierarchy an application for depression following pharmacological treatment", "authors": "Socoró Garrigosa M, Sanz Perl Y, Kringelbach ML, Carhart-Harris R, Vohryzek J, Deco G.", "abstract": "Neural representation can extend beyond localised activity to encompass global patterns, where information is distributed across brain networks in a hierarchical manner. Recent research suggests that the hierarchy of causal influences shaping these patterns can serve as a signature of distinct brain states, with implications for neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we first delve into how whole-brain models, guided by the Thermodynamics of Mind framework, can estimate the brain hierarchy of specific brain states, and how perturbations of such models can study the in-silico transitions to other states represented by static functional connectivity. We then show an application for major depressive disorder, where different brain hierarchical reconfigurations have been found following psilocybin and escitalopram treatments. We build whole-brain models of depressed patients before and after psilocybin and escitalopram interventions, and we carry a dynamic sensitivity analysis to explore the susceptibility of brain states and their drivability to healthier states. We show that susceptibility is on average reduced by escitalopram and increased by psilocybin, and that both treatments succeed in promoting healthier transitions. These results align with the post-treatment window of plasticity opened by serotonergic psychedelics, as well as with the similar clinical efficacy of both drugs observed in clinical trials. Graphical Abstract We apply whole-brain models of brain hierarchy based on the Thermodynamics of Mind framework to investigate state transitions in depression. Dynamic sensitivity analysis explores how psilocybin and escitalopram affect susceptibility and drivability to healthier states. Results show that psilocybin increases susceptibility, while escitalopram reduces it, with both enabling optimal transitions. This pipeline demonstrates the promise of in-silico approaches to inform neurostimulation protocols, potentially enhancing or complementing antidepressant therapies.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.01.01.631011", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.01.631011", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR962216\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4488, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Trauma-Related Disorders: A Scoping Review of a Depression-Dominated Evidence Base with Implications for Intimate Partner Violence-Related PTSD", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for trauma related disorders a scoping review of a depression dominated evidence base with implications for intimate partner violence related ptsd", "authors": "Hancock, Mackenzie, Shambhu Prasad Adhikari, Getz, Nicole", "abstract": "This scoping review examines the emerging evidence for psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAP) in treating trauma-related disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS), with specific implications for intimate partner violence (IPV)-related brain injury and PTSD. Guided by PRISMA-ScR methodology, we systematically searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and grey literature from 2015-2025 to map existing research, identify gaps, and inform the design of future clinical trials of PaT for IPV survivors.", "journal": "Open Science Framework", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.17605/osf.io/ar2s4", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/ar2s4", "keywords": "Domestic violence, Posttraumatic stress, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Poison control, Human factors and ergonomics, Medicine, Grey literature, Systematic review, Intimate partner, Suicide prevention, Clinical trial, Injury prevention, MEDLINE, Mental health, Occupational safety and health, DSM-5, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychological intervention, Evidence-based practice, Family therapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7106330185\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7106330185\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Hancock, Mackenzie\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Shambhu Prasad Adhikari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Getz, Nicole\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407050956\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open Science Framework\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/ar2s4\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7106330185" }, { "id": 4484, "title": "Alternative therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders using psilocybin", "normalized_title": "alternative therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders using psilocybin", "authors": "Henrique Tofoli Vieira Machado, GEOVANA MENDES DE SEIXAS, L. Silva, Mariana Duarte Garcia Brito, Gabriella Assink de Castro", "abstract": "Introduction: In recent years, psilocybin has been explored as an alternative therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance dependence. Studies suggest that when administered under professional supervision, psilocybin can offer relief for patients with treatment-resistant disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in treating difficult-to-treat conditions, including treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, anxiety, and substance dependence. Methods: A systematic review of clinical and experimental studies published in the past 5 years was conducted. The research was based on databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO, prioritizing studies on psilocybin in psychiatric disorder treatment. Randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and case studies were reviewed. Results: Studies showed that psilocybin positively affected patients with treatment-resistant depression, improving symptoms significantly with just a few doses. In patients with anxiety and PTSD, psilocybin reduced symptom intensity and improved emotional well-being. It also showed efficacy in reducing addictions such as alcohol and nicotine, offering new perspectives on addiction. The mechanisms of action suggest that psilocybin enhances brain connectivity, aiding in trauma reprocessing and restructuring negative thought patterns. Conclusion: Psilocybin is a promising alternative therapy for hard-to-treat disorders, including treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, and substance dependence. Administered under professional supervision, it offers benefits and a favorable safety profile. However, more research is required to understand its mechanisms, effects, and risks.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.5327/1516-3180.cpn.1123", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.cpn.1123", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Medicine, Anxiety, Addiction, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Substance use, Clinical psychology, Relapse prevention, Exposure therapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417514861\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417514861\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068591211\",\"display_name\":\"Henrique Tofoli Vieira Machado\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0332-9071\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008778192\",\"display_name\":\"GEOVANA MENDES DE SEIXAS\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062744880\",\"display_name\":\"L. Silva\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3411-2484\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039308215\",\"display_name\":\"Mariana Duarte Garcia Brito\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113236876\",\"display_name\":\"Gabriella Assink de Castro\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.cpn.1123\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417514861" }, { "id": 4470, "title": "Supplemental Material for A Critical Evaluation of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy Protocol Components From Clinical Trial Patients, Facilitators, and Caregivers", "normalized_title": "supplemental material for a critical evaluation of psilocybin assisted therapy protocol components from clinical trial patients facilitators and caregivers", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": "Psychotherapy", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1037/pst0000551.supp", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000551.supp", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Protocol (science), Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406217027\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406217027\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S133322011\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychotherapy\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000551.supp\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406217027" }, { "id": 909, "title": "Practical considerations in the establishment of psychedelic research programs.", "normalized_title": "practical considerations in the establishment of psychedelic research programs", "authors": "Barnett BS, Vest MF, Delatte MS, King Iv F, Mauney EE, Coulson AJ, Nayak SM, Hendricks PS, Greer GR, Murnane KS", "abstract": "There is increasing interest in establishing psychedelic research programs at academic medical centers. However, psychedelics are intensely psychoactive, carry considerable sociopolitical baggage, and most are Schedule I drugs, creating significant potential impediments to implementation. There is little formal guidance for investigators on navigating the complex on-the-ground obstacles associated with establishing psychedelic research programs. This article provides recommendations that may be helpful to investigators seeking to work with psychedelics, with a focus on academic medical centers in the United States. The academic literature on relevant matters is reviewed, and the authors provide observations from their experiences either working for relevant regulatory agencies or conducting basic science studies, investigator-initiated trials, or industry sponsored trials with psychedelics. Investigators planning to conduct psychedelic research should cultivate broad institutional support early. Challenges related to securing funding, obtaining approval for an Investigational New Drug application from the Food and Drug Administration, clinical grade drug sourcing, obtaining a Schedule I researcher registration from the Drug Enforcement Administration and an equivalent state license (if required), preparing spaces for treatment and study drug storage, managing controlled substance inventory, engaging the local community, and other issues should be anticipated. Investigators should anticipate several implementation challenges when planning to work with psychedelics. However, these are likely surmountable with planning, persistence, and assistance from colleagues and other experts.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-024-06722-6", "pubmed_id": "39627438", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39627438/", "keywords": "Clinical research, Clinical trials, LSD, Psilocybin, Psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"39627438\"}", "topic_tags": "Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 906, "title": "Compass Psychological Support Model for COMP360 Psilocybin Treatment of Serious Mental Health Conditions", "normalized_title": "compass psychological support model for comp360 psilocybin treatment of serious mental health conditions", "authors": "Namik Kirlić, Molly Lennard-Jones, Merve Atli, Ekaterina Malievskaia, Nadav Liam Modlin, Stéphanie Knatz Peck, Alice Gaillard, Guy M. Goodwin, Don Koelpin", "abstract": "The psychedelic experience can be challenging. There is a need for a structured framework for providing psychological support to individuals with mental health conditions receiving investigational psilocybin treatment. The primary benefit of such a framework is to support a safe and meaningful psilocybin experience. It also enables future research on the facets of psychological support and/or psychotherapy that most optimally complement psilocybin treatment. The authors describe the Compass Psychological Support Model (CPSM), currently used to support participants with treatment-resistant depression in Compass-sponsored clinical trials of investigational COMP360 psilocybin treatment. The authors also outline the therapist training, mentoring, and fidelity assessment programs they have developed to ensure the quality and consistency of the CPSM delivery.", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230884", "pubmed_id": "39741434", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230884", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental health, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Compass, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Geography, Cartography, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":27,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1930358622\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989747464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005098924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018631585\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124553793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127603512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135176444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152160545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2297304494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2525190545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2755352892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921747713\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118672806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220956513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250647220\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281666404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289745468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366490758\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078220787\",\"display_name\":\"Namik Kirlić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-8774\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033335673\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Lennard-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037169539\",\"display_name\":\"Nadav Liam Modlin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011897192\",\"display_name\":\"Stéphanie Knatz Peck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9158\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Alice Gaillard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115738022\",\"display_name\":\"Don Koelpin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230884\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405978092" }, { "id": 904, "title": "Psilocybin: From Psychiatric Pariah to Perceived Panacea.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin from psychiatric pariah to perceived panacea", "authors": "Fonzo GA, Wolfgang AS, Barksdale BR, Krystal JH, Carpenter LL, Kraguljac NV, Grzenda A, McDonald WM, Widge AS, Rodriguez CI, Nemeroff CB.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThe authors critically examine the evidence base for psilocybin administered with psychological support/therapy (PST) in the treatment of psychiatric disorders and offer practical recommendations to guide future research endeavors.MethodsPubMed was searched for English-language articles from January 1998 to November 2023, using the search term \"psilocybin.\" A total of 1,449 articles were identified and screened through titles and abstracts. Of these, 21 unique open-label or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified that examine psilocybin for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (N=2), anxiety/depression associated with a cancer diagnosis (N=5), major depressive disorder (MDD; N=8), substance use disorders (N=4), anorexia (N=1), and demoralization (i.e., hopelessness, helplessness, and poor coping) in AIDS survivors (N=1).ResultsThe most developed evidence base is for the treatment of MDD (three double-blind RCTs with positive signals spanning a range of severities). However, the evidence is tempered by threats to internal and external validity, including unsuccessful blinding, small samples, large variability in dosing and PST procedures, limited sample diversity, and possibly large expectancy effects. Knowledge of mechanisms of action and predictors of response is currently limited.ConclusionsThe evidence is currently insufficient to recommend psilocybin with PST as a psychiatric treatment. Additional rigorously designed clinical trials are needed to definitively establish efficacy in larger and more diverse samples, address dosing considerations, improve blinding, and provide information on mechanisms of action and moderators of clinical response. Head-to-head comparisons with other evidence-based treatments will better inform the potential future role of psilocybin with PST in the treatment of major psychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230682", "pubmed_id": "39741437", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230682", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39741437\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 903, "title": "Benefits and Challenges of Ultra-Fast, Short-Acting Psychedelics in the Treatment of Depression.", "normalized_title": "benefits and challenges of ultra fast short acting psychedelics in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Ramaekers JG, Reckweg JT, Mason NL.", "abstract": "Unlike classical antidepressants, psychedelics such as psilocybin have been shown to induce a rapid antidepressant response. In the wake of this development, interest has emerged in ultra-fast, short-acting psychedelics such as 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) with the expectation that these can produce rapid antidepressant effects following an intense but brief psychedelic intervention. The current paper reviews the clinical pharmacology of 5-MeO-DMT and DMT and their potential benefits and challenges in the treatment of depression. Both compounds display affinities for a variety of monoamine receptors and transporters, but mostly so for serotonergic (5HT) receptors, including 5HT1A and 5HT2A. Early clinical trials in small samples have shown that short interventions (15-30 min) with 5-MeO-DMT and DMT are safe and well tolerated and can induce marked improvement in symptoms of depression within 24 hours that sustain for at least 1 week. Data on long-term efficacy are currently scarce but do suggest a prolongation of the treatment response. Potential benefits of these treatments include flexible, single day dosing regimens, achievement of treatment efficacy independent from integrative therapy, and ease of clinical implementation. Future challenges include establishing the duration of the antidepressant effect and strategies on how to sustain the antidepressant response, optimization of treatment delivery parameters, and a mechanistic understanding of the clinical response. Acceptance of ultra-fast, short-acting psychedelics will depend on future randomized, placebo-controlled trials with a focus on replication, duration and maintenance of antidepressant efficacy in large patient samples.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230890", "pubmed_id": "39741439", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230890", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Methoxydimethyltryptamines, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39741439\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 902, "title": "Single-Dose Psilocybin for Depression With Severe Treatment Resistance: An Open-Label Trial", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for depression with severe treatment resistance an open label trial", "authors": "Scott T. Aaronson, Andrew van der Vaart, Tammy Miller, Jeffrey LaPratt, Kimberly Swartz, Audrey Shoultz, Margo Lauterbach, Trisha Suppes, Harold A. Sackeïm", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Depression varies along a difficulty-to-treat spectrum. Patients whose illness fails to respond to at least five treatments may be considered to have severely treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The objective of this study was to document the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in patients with severe TRD. METHODS: This was a 12-week, open-label trial conducted at Sheppard Pratt Hospital. Participants were 18-65 years of age, in a major depressive episode with documented insufficient benefit from at least five treatments during the current episode. A single dose of synthetic psilocybin (25 mg) was administered. Psychotropic medications were discontinued at least 2 weeks prior to dosing through at least 3 weeks post-dosing. Therapists met with patients for three sessions during pretreatment, during the 8-hour dosing day, and for three integration sessions posttreatment. The primary outcome measure was change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating scale (MADRS) at 3 weeks posttreatment. Secondary measures including MADRS scores up to 12 weeks posttreatment, and subject-rated scales capturing depression and level of function were completed at baseline and all subsequent visits. RESULTS: Twelve participants (six male, six female; mean age=40.6 years [SD=9.6]) with severe TRD were followed over the study period. Depressive symptoms were significantly decreased at week 3 (MADRS least-squares mean change=-15.8, 95% CI=-25.4 to -6.3) and Week 12 (MADRS least-squares mean change=-17.2, 95% CI=-25.2 to -9.1). In exploratory analyses, the Oceanic Boundlessness (OB) dimension of the psychedelic experience correlated with post-dosing antidepressant responses. Patients with comorbid PTSD (N=5) showed significantly less antidepressant effect of psilocybin. CONCLUSIONS: This open-label study suggests efficacy and safety of psilocybin in severe TRD and supports further study of psychedelics in this population, including consideration of PTSD interaction effects.", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20231063", "pubmed_id": "39741440", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20231063", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Depression (economics), Open label, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Internal medicine, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":30,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W57359236\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978161441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111663098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169211107\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2599051175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796957480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935372078\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033291488\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231622706\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026620795\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew van der Vaart\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110607035\",\"display_name\":\"Tammy Miller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093433058\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey LaPratt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083104068\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Swartz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054892136\",\"display_name\":\"Audrey Shoultz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032946050\",\"display_name\":\"Margo Lauterbach\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036510139\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4560-6180\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021365968\",\"display_name\":\"Harold A. Sackeïm\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-4553\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20231063\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405955624" }, { "id": 900, "title": "Multidimensional Personality Changes Following Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: Results From a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "multidimensional personality changes following psilocybin assisted therapy in patients with alcohol use disorder results from a double blind placebo controlled clinical trial", "authors": "Broc A. Pagni, Richard J. Zeifman, Sarah E. Mennenga, Brennan M. Carrithers, Noam Goldway, Snehal Bhatt, Kelley C. O’Donnell, Stephen Ross, Michael P. Bogenschutz", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) leads to durable shifts in personality structure. However, such changes have yet to be characterized in disorders of addiction. In this secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial, the authors examined the effect of PAT on personality dimensions in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), hypothesizing that PAT would attenuate personality abnormalities in AUD and that reductions in trait impulsiveness would be associated with lower drinking. METHODS: Eighty-four adults with AUD were randomized to two medication sessions of either psilocybin (N=44) or active placebo (diphenhydramine; N=40), received 12 weekly psychotherapy sessions, and completed follow-up for an additional 24 weeks. Changes in personality traits (week 36 vs. baseline) were assessed with the revised NEO Personality Inventory; daily alcohol consumption was quantified using the timeline followback. RESULTS: Relative to the placebo group, the psilocybin group showed significant reductions in neuroticism and increases in extraversion and openness. Secondary analyses showed that reductions in neuroticism were driven by decreases in the facets depression, impulsiveness, and vulnerability; increases in openness were driven by increases in the facets openness toward feelings and fantasy. Across all participants, decreases in impulsiveness were associated with lower posttreatment alcohol consumption, and an exploratory analysis revealed that these associations were strongest among psilocybin-treated participants who continued moderate- or high-risk drinking prior to the first medication session. CONCLUSIONS: PAT elicited durable shifts in personality, suggesting normalization of abnormal personality trait expression in AUD. Further study is needed to clarify whether PAT exerts its beneficial effects by reducing impulsiveness or whether impulsive individuals inherently respond better to PAT.", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230887", "pubmed_id": "39741446", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230887", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Placebo, Alcohol use disorder, Personality, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Personality disorders, Alcohol dependence, Randomized controlled trial, Addiction, Trait, Alcohol, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Alternative medicine, Chemistry, Pathology, Biochemistry, Programming language, Social psychology, Computer science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":21,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W655349596\",\"https://openalex.org/W1494270537\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967802941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023741295\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029087690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043185143\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045883408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050111921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052457671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056861749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058301890\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061577872\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066266046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073524171\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110065044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136236048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143060888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159375941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170041614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473482891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2480710602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513173335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2550963195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2568037688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592284024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2606286005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789944707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790959730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921551456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2925851520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964151936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2986870760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2986989334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996270584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3024994975\",\"https://openalex.org/W3044516305\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107630502\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109765150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117338048\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155431951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212419057\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216348943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243504487\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297998585\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307554429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308040950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308449502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318920879\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379093876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380684709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385978292\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066934485\",\"display_name\":\"Broc A. Pagni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9496-7604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000949886\",\"display_name\":\"Richard J. Zeifman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-4483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095894414\",\"display_name\":\"Brennan M. Carrithers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091191033\",\"display_name\":\"Noam Goldway\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8816-5667\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069591665\",\"display_name\":\"Snehal Bhatt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0004-7987\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042151214\",\"display_name\":\"Kelley C. O’Donnell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9983-2699\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230887\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Personality Change,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405955644" }, { "id": 899, "title": "Exploring Psychedelics Pharmacology: A Scoping Review Charting the Course of Psilocybin Pharmacokinetics.", "normalized_title": "exploring psychedelics pharmacology a scoping review charting the course of psilocybin pharmacokinetics", "authors": "Manzano-Nunez R, Gomez DA, Toledo-Mendoza C, Perez-Otero M, Matilla IL, Prats C, Perez-Lopez E, Pardo H, Díaz-Pellicer P, De La Torre-Fornell R, Aldea AM.", "abstract": "ObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to synthesize the existing data about psilocybin pharmacokinetics to learn what has been described regarding body disposition and safety when psilocybin was used in controlled research settings.MethodsWe performed a scoping literature review following the framework proposed by the JBI manual for evidence synthesis. Controlled clinical trials reporting pharmacokinetic data of psilocybin were considered appropriate for inclusion. We extracted the data on psilocybin pharmacokinetics and summarized it from the available literature on this topic. We also performed an exploratory-descriptive analysis using study level data to examine the relationship between dose of psilocybin and maximum serum concentrations (Cmax).ResultsWe initially identified 850 articles, of which 5 were included. These trials included 112 healthy volunteers who received psilocybin in a controlled clinical setting. The peak concentration of psilocin in plasma (Cmax) ranged from 8.2 ng/mL to 37.2 ng/mL (median = 17, IQR = 11.9 to 23.5). The maximal concentrations (Cmax) of psilocin were reached (Tmax) around 2 hours, ranging from 1.7 hours to 2.2 hours (median = 2, IQR = 1.9 to 2.1) after psilocybin oral administration. Elimination half-life was between 1.2 hours and 3.3 hours (median = 2.0, IQR = 1.6 to 2.8). A strong positive relationship between dose and Cmax ( R2 = 0.95) was found. No serious adverse events were observed. We did not find studies reporting pharmacokinetic data from patients with depression or cancer patients transitioning to palliative care.ConclusionsIn summary, this review unveils oral psilocybin pharmacokinetics in healthy adults, revealing gaps in its application to target populations like those with depression or in palliative care.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1097/wnf.0000000000000617", "pubmed_id": "39787428", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/wnf.0000000000000617", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39787428\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 898, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Group Psychotherapy + Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) for Frontline Healthcare Provider COVID-19 Related Depression and Burnout: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group psychotherapy mindfulness based stress reduction mbsr for frontline healthcare provider covid 19 related depression and burnout a randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Lewis BR, Hendrick J, Byrne K, Odette M, Wu C, Garland EL.", "abstract": "Objective This clinical trial sought to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin and MBSR for frontline healthcare providers with symptoms of depression and burnout related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial that enrolled physicians and nurses with frontline clinical work during the COVID-19 pandemic and symptoms of depression and burnout. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either an 8-week MBSR curriculum alone or an 8-week MBSR curriculum plus group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) with 25mg psilocybin. Symptoms of depression and burnout were assessed at baseline, and 2-weeks and 6-months post intervention utilizing the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR-16) and Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Professionals (MBI-HSS-MP), respectively. Secondary outcome measures included the Demoralization Scale (DS-II) and the Watt’s Connectedness Scale (WCS). Adverse events and suicidality were assessed through 6-month follow-up. Results 25 participants were enrolled and randomized. There were 12 study-related AEs recorded that were Grade 1-2 and no serious AEs. There was larger decrease in QIDS score for the MBSR+PAP arm compared to MBSR-only from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and significant between-group differences favoring MBSR+PAP on subscales of the MBI-HSS-MP as well as the DS-II and WCS. Conclusions Group psilocybin-assisted therapy plus MBSR was associated with clinically significant improvement in depressive symptoms without serious adverse events and with greater reduction in symptoms than MBSR alone. Study findings suggest that integrating psilocybin with mindfulness training may represent a promising treatment for depression and burnout among physicians and nurses.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.12.31.24319806", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.31.24319806", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR961100\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 883, "title": "Post-traumatic stress disorder in psychedelic research.", "normalized_title": "post traumatic stress disorder in psychedelic research", "authors": "Bostoen T, Tap S, Breeksema J, Schoevers R", "abstract": "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a severe psychiatric condition that develops after exposure to trauma such as combat, natural disasters, or assault. It is characterized by re-experiencing trauma, avoidance, hyperarousal, and negative alterations in cognition and mood. Since its formal inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-III in 1980, PTSD has been extensively researched. Current guideline-recommended treatments include trauma-focused psychotherapies and medications. However, a significant proportion of patients show limited response to these treatments. Psychedelic-assisted therapies, particularly 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy, offer an innovative approach for treating PTSD. Over the past two decades, MDMA-assisted therapy has emerged as one of the most promising psychedelic treatments, especially for patients resistant to conventional therapies. MDMA can enhance the processing of traumatic memories during psychotherapy and holds potential for other psychiatric disorders. Recent clinical trials highlight the effectiveness of MDMA-assisted therapy, demonstrating substantial and sustained reductions in PTSD symptoms. The FDA has designated MDMA-assisted therapy as a \"breakthrough therapy\" for PTSD in 2017. However, due to methodological concerns such as unblinding and potential expectancy effects, the FDA decided in 2024 not to approve MDMA- assisted therapy for clinical use, requiring additional research to address these issues. This chapter explores the clinical research on psychedelic-assisted therapies for PTSD, with a particular focus on MDMA-assisted therapy. It will examine the potential psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of action, as well as the methodological challenges and future directions in the field. The growing body of evidence supporting MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD is promising, especially for individuals who have not responded to traditional treatments.", "journal": "International review of neurobiology", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2025.02.004", "pubmed_id": "40541315", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40541315/", "keywords": "Ketamine, MDMA, MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, Neurobiological mechanisms, Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Psilocybin, Psychedelic-assisted therapy, Trauma-focused therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40541315\"}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 597, "title": "Psychedelic Treatment with Psilocybin: Addressing Medical Malpractice Risk and Physicians’ Concerns", "normalized_title": "psychedelic treatment with psilocybin addressing medical malpractice risk and physicians concerns", "authors": "Katherine Cheung, Maxwell Brodie, Sue-Ling Chang, P. Deschamps, Jean-Sébastien Fallu, Houman Farzin, Johanne Hébert, Jean-François Stephan, Michel Dorval, Yann Joly, for the P3A Study Group", "abstract": "Psychedelic treatment with psilocybin is receiving increased attention following clinical trials showing it may help treat end-of-life anxiety, depression, and several other conditions. Despite this, physicians may be reluctant to prescribe psilocybin and carry out psilocybin treatment because of the stigma surrounding psychedelics and the potential for medical malpractice liability. This paper explores whether psilocybin treatment gives rise to a risk of medical malpractice liability for physicians. Following an overview of psilocybin treatment and its regulatory regime in Canada, exploratory vignettes are used to highlight the relevance and limits of malpractice claims. This paper argues that the lack of established medical standards, standardized training, and credentialing contribute to liability risks surrounding psilocybin treatment. More clinical trials, meta-studies of research analyses, and knowledge sharing will help to develop training programs and medical standards of practice to better realize psilocybin's potential.", "journal": "The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1017/jme.2025.10109", "pubmed_id": "40739983", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.10109", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medical malpractice, Liability, Psychiatry, Psychology, Malpractice, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Political science, Law, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412810429\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412810429\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W114929610\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106188235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114277899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145673018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152959326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412515498\",\"https://openalex.org/W2512668841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2989680519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998157771\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039625792\",\"https://openalex.org/W3099585958\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149986569\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157058636\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204230901\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223893856\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226172056\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230000135\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232838523\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289745468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291227674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312084004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313201591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313441617\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322757924\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361248485\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399323719\",\"https://openalex.org/W6715183095\",\"https://openalex.org/W6802639978\",\"https://openalex.org/W6810682564\",\"https://openalex.org/W6841045541\",\"https://openalex.org/W6847791157\",\"https://openalex.org/W6850240496\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102839143\",\"display_name\":\"Katherine Cheung\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3529-4109\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Maxwell Brodie\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045951431\",\"display_name\":\"Sue-Ling Chang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087948982\",\"display_name\":\"P. Deschamps\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8862-9046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053736941\",\"display_name\":\"Jean-Sébastien Fallu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-1335\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040374734\",\"display_name\":\"Houman Farzin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4095-3596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052738130\",\"display_name\":\"Johanne Hébert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-9246\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027250223\",\"display_name\":\"Jean-François Stephan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7376-208X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068576397\",\"display_name\":\"Michel Dorval\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3207-8211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018546125\",\"display_name\":\"Yann Joly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-2322\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"for the P3A Study Group\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S171945920\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.10109\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412810429" }, { "id": 435, "title": "The ethical use of therapeutic touch in psychedelic-assisted therapy: a qualitative study of researcher perspectives and experiences.", "normalized_title": "the ethical use of therapeutic touch in psychedelic assisted therapy a qualitative study of researcher perspectives and experiences", "authors": "McHerron D, Barber M, Ham R, Liknaitzky P, Carter A, Gardner J", "abstract": "Physical touch is often included as a supportive or therapeutic tool in psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), involving instrumental forms of physical contact, supportive touch and somatic techniques. However, participants under the influence of psychedelics have reduced capacity to provide consent, are more suggestible and may experience and interpret therapeutic touch in ways they did not expect prior to taking the drug. Yet little research has been conducted on the considerations and approaches to therapeutic touch in clinical trials of PAT. This study explored the experiences and perspectives of PAT researchers on the use and consent to therapeutic touch in clinical trials of PAT. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. Sixteen PAT researchers involved in clinical trials of PAT were interviewed. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The reporting of this study conforms to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research Checklist (COREQ). Three themes were uncovered through reflexive thematic analysis: (1) flexible frameworks, (2) therapeutic alliance and (3) boundary management. Researchers discussed consent challenges across the broad spectrum of physical contact existing in PAT protocols at the time. Researchers indicated that consent to therapeutic touch should be established prior to the dosing sessions and continually managed throughout the course of treatment. Flexibility in consent protocols enabled researchers to interpret and approach consent through the development of a strong therapeutic alliance; however, flexibility could also lead to challenges in boundary management. Researchers emphasised the need for greater ethical guidance in instances where trial participants change their established preferences during dosing sessions, and limits on expanding consent after drug administration. Clear guidelines for obtaining consent, managing changing preferences and training on the management of boundary transgressions were viewed as essential for ethical research and practice of PAT.", "journal": "Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/20451253251377191", "pubmed_id": "41244962", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41244962/", "keywords": "MDMA, ethics, informed consent, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted therapy, psychedelics, therapeutic touch", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41244962\"}", "topic_tags": "Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 833, "title": "Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): A dose-response network meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of major depressive disorder mdd a dose response network meta analysis of randomized placebo controlled clinical trials", "authors": "Swieczkowski D, Kwaśny A, Pruc M, Gaca Z, Szarpak L, Cubała WJ.", "abstract": "Selecting the optimal dose of psilocybin for treating Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) is crucial for clinical development and regulatory approval. This meta-analysis evaluates psilocybin's efficacy and safety in treating MDD to determine the optimal dose and timing for clinical trials. A systematic review and Dose-Response Network Meta-Analysis (NMA) of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials (RCTs) registered with PROSPERO was conducted. Databases searched included Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, up to July 2024. The PICOS framework defined eligibility criteria: P: adult patients with MDD; I: psilocybin; C: placebo; O: changes in MADRS scores at Days 2, 8 and 15, and adverse events; S: RCT. Independent researchers performed data extraction and bias assessment. From 5419 search results, three RCTs involving 389 patients were included. Psilocybin significantly reduced symptoms compared to placebo at Day 8 (MD = -7.42; 95 % CI:10.07 to -4.78; p < 0.001) and Day 15 (MD = -9.55; 95 % CI:12.44 to -6.65; p < 0.001), without significant effects on Day 2. The NMA indicated that a 25 mg dose was the most effective, with a SUCRA value of 92.25 %, compared to doses of 0.215 mg/kg and 10 mg. However, psilocybin was associated with a higher risk of adverse events, particularly nausea (RR = 8.35; p < 0.001). This meta-analysis supports psilocybin's efficacy in treating MDD, particularly at a 25 mg dose, showing a time-dependent therapeutic effect. The recommended timing of efficacy evaluation by regulatory authorities is validated by this evidence, underscoring its importance in clinical trial design for psychedelic substances.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116337", "pubmed_id": "39754904", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116337", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Adult, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39754904\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 835, "title": "Therapeutic Potential of MDMA- and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for Adolescent Depression and Trauma.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic potential of mdma and psychedelic assisted psychotherapy for adolescent depression and trauma", "authors": "Geller J, Whitney E.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewThere is a mental health crisis affecting youth, and the utility of existing treatments is often limited by lack of effectiveness and tolerability. The aim of this review is to report on outcomes of clinical trials for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for adults with depression and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and discuss recommendations for exploring these treatments in adolescent populations.Recent findingsThere have been encouraging data supporting the use of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depression, including previously treatment-resistant symptoms. MDMA-assisted psychotherapy is showing similar promise in treating PTSD, with excellent response and remission rates that appear durable. However, no studies have looked at the use of these treatments in younger patients. The safety and efficacy of psychedelic- and MDMA-assisted psychotherapies should be investigated in adolescents, especially considering the burden of untreated and undertreated psychiatric illness in youth, and the benefits of a potentially earlier, more effective, and more tolerable recovery process. Research and implementation should be tailored to the needs of this population, and equity and access should be considered at every stage. In this novel and rapidly evolving landscape, the psychiatric community is encouraged to advocate for safe, appropriate, and inclusive inquiry into, and application and scaling of these treatment models in adolescent patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-024-01577-2", "pubmed_id": "39699759", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-024-01577-2", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychotherapy, Adolescent, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39699759\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adolescents,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3101, "title": "Psilocybin causes sex, time, and dose dependent alterations in brain signaling pathways", "normalized_title": "psilocybin causes sex time and dose dependent alterations in brain signaling pathways", "authors": "Barnett JH, Todd KT, Benetatos J, Rabichow BE, Gibson KA, Olney KC, Fryer JD.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a psychedelic tryptamine that has emerged as a potential candidate for the treatment of a variety of conditions, including treatment resistant depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Clinical trials which have assessed the efficacy of psilocybin for these conditions report a rapid and sustained improvement in patient- and clinician-rated depression scores. The established mechanism of action for psychedelics such as psilocybin is agonism of the serotonin 2A receptor (5HT 2A R), however, the downstream events that mediate their therapeutic effects remain uncertain. As high doses of psychedelics are known to induce strong perceptual alterations, an additional outstanding question is whether subperceptual doses induce similar molecular effects as psychoactive dosages. Here, we report the first analysis of dose- and sex-dependent transcriptional changes in forebrains of female and male mice at 3 timepoints (8 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days) following a single administration of psilocybin at low (0.25 mg/kg) or high (1 mg/kg) doses. Grouped analysis of both sexes reveals dose- and time-dependent transcriptomic alterations. We report more rapid transcriptional changes and attenuation of such changes in females following a single low-dose relative to males treated identically. Females also responded more robustly to high-dose administration relative to males at 8 and 24 hours, with signal attenuation in both sexes by 7 days. A notable observation was the persistent transcriptional effect of low-dose psilocybin at 7 days, which outlasted high-dose changes, and which suggests that low doses may have prolonged biological effects. A myriad of pathways were altered depending on sex and timepoint, but common features included functions related to neuronal differentiation, neurogenesis, and changes in receptor signaling. These data reveal dose- and sex-dependent molecular effects of psilocybin and support previous studies demonstrating its effect on dendritogenesis. Given ongoing clinical interest in psilocybin for treating mental health disorders, our results suggest that these sexually divergent changes should be considered when weighing treatment strategies. Additional consideration should be given to temporal effects of low vs high dosages on gene transcription, especially when timing psilocybin with adjuvant cognitive behavioral therapy.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-12-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.12.16.628764", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.16.628764", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR961267\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Healthcare Workers,Transcriptomics", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 837, "title": "The safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "the safety of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy a systematic review", "authors": "Freitas RR, Gotsis ES, Gallo AT, Fitzgibbon BM, Bailey NW, Fitzgerald PB.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin, a classical psychedelic, has been rescheduled for use in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression in Australia. While evidence for its use is promising, understanding the associated risks is crucial. Accordingly, this review aims to collate adverse event data from psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy clinical trials and evaluate its definition, way of measurement and reporting.MethodsA systematic method was employed to identify clinical trials related to the use of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in clinical populations that reported on adverse events. The quality assessment focused on relevant criteria related to adverse event definition, monitoring and reporting methods.ResultsA total of 24 articles were included. The studies reported heterogeneous psilocybin doses, study designs and indications. Physical and psychological adverse events during and after psilocybin sessions were examined, revealing variations in measuring, reporting methods and occurrences. The most common adverse events during and after sessions included elevated blood pressure, headaches, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and anxiety. In addition, both suicidal ideation and behaviour were observed infrequently and mainly in participants with a history of suicidal ideation or suicide attempt(s).ConclusionThe review highlights the need to standardise the defintion of an adverse event, including how they are measured and reported, in psychedelic clinical trials to ensure consistent reporting across studies. In addition, screening participants for suicidality history and ongoing monitoring remains important, given the potential risk identified in the literature. However, based on the available data, the safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is generally supported, and no deaths were attributed to psilocybin. Nevertheless, cautious optimism is needed due to the preliminary nature and heterogeneity of the safety data.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/00048674241289024", "pubmed_id": "39670342", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674241289024", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39670342\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 781, "title": "Psychedelic use and bipolar disorder - An investigation of recreational use and its impact on mental health.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic use and bipolar disorder an investigation of recreational use and its impact on mental health", "authors": "Meyer TD, Ibrahim M, Vale LN, Soares JC.", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances such as psilocybin have recently gained attention for their potential therapeutic benefits in treating depression and other mental health problems. However, individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) have been excluded from most clinical trials due to concerns about manic switches or psychosis. This study aimed to systematically examine the effects of recreational psychedelic use in individuals with BD. Using the Timeline Followback (TLFB) method, we assessed mood symptoms, substance use, and other mental health-related variables in the month before and three months following participants' most recent psychedelic experience. Results showed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms and cannabis use, an increase in the number of days without mental health symptoms, and an increase in the number of days with hallucinogen use. Importantly, no significant changes in (hypo)manic, psychotic, or anxiety symptoms were observed. These findings suggest that psychedelics may hold potential as a safe and effective treatment for BD, though further research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.044", "pubmed_id": "39675677", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.044", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Health, Bipolar Disorder, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Psilocybin, Recreational Drug Use", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39675677\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 809, "title": "Treatment Expectancies and Psilocybin vs Escitalopram for Depression", "normalized_title": "treatment expectancies and psilocybin vs escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Ethan G. Dutcher, Andrew D. Krystal", "abstract": "This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial examines the association between treatment expectancies and the relative efficacy of psilocybin compared with escitalopram for major depressive disorder.", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387", "pubmed_id": "39653344", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Psychology, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405172984\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405172984\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1592228396\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992823464\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391953134\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078546509\",\"display_name\":\"Ethan G. Dutcher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3405-3309\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042168269\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew D. Krystal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6702-781X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405172984" }, { "id": 928, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine dependence: a case report involving daily methamphetamine use", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine dependence a case report involving daily methamphetamine use", "authors": "Jonathan Brett, Elizabeth Knock, Kathy Watson, Steven M. Albert, Krista J. Siefried, Jeffrey Guss", "abstract": "Methamphetamine (MA) dependence leads to severe physical and psychological issues. Current treatments, including psychosocial therapies and residential rehabilitation, face limitations such as high relapse rates, cost, and accessibility issues. As a result, there is an urgent need for novel approaches to treat MA dependence that are effective, affordable, and accessible to patients. Psilocybin, the active component in numerous mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus, has shown potential for enhancing psychotherapy for various addiction and mental health issues due to its effects on perception, cognition, and affect. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAT) has demonstrated initial safety and efficacy in treating alcohol, cocaine, and nicotine dependence. The case presented here describes a 36-year-old transwoman and daily MA user, who participated in a single-arm open-label clinical trial assessing feasibility and safety of PAT for MA dependence at St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney. Following inpatient withdrawal management and one session of psilocybin-assisted therapy, she experienced significant cognitive and emotional shifts and sustained MA abstinence. She reported improved mental health over 3 months following treatment completion. She also noted increased self-esteem, mindfulness, and distress tolerance. This study suggests that PAT (following inpatient MA withdrawal management) may offer a scalable, safe, and effective approach for treating MA dependence. However, further research is required to confirm the generalisability and efficacy of PAT for broader populations of people using MA. It is encouraging that this participant, a daily MA user, showed improvements in mood and cognition, in addition to abstinence from MA.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-05", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1490907", "pubmed_id": "39713770", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1490907", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Methamphetamine, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405122998\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405122998\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":7,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1924347018\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989346195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000961004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106369261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130544434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2754028604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2763897668\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981405421\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010839704\",\"https://openalex.org/W3174234800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195045424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4246595021\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249317412\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286494502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324145541\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385661344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391840511\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090300123\",\"display_name\":\"Jonathan Brett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-7495\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042111294\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Knock\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109187755\",\"display_name\":\"Kathy Watson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049197924\",\"display_name\":\"Steven M. Albert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6786-9956\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040818661\",\"display_name\":\"Krista J. Siefried\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6534-3325\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1490907\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405122998" }, { "id": 936, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy for Clinicians With Symptoms of Depression From Frontline Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for clinicians with symptoms of depression from frontline care during the covid 19 pandemic", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Timara K. Freeman-Young, Ladybird Morgan, Tanmeet Sethi, Kelsey K. Baker, Susanna Myers, Bonnie A. McGregor, Kalin Harvey, Marlene Tai, Austin Kollefrath, Brandon J. Thomas, Dennis Sorta, Mendel Kaelen, Benjamin Kelmendi, Ted Gooley", "abstract": "Importance: The psychological morbidity experienced by physicians, advanced practice practitioners (APPs), and nurses from working during the COVID-19 pandemic includes burnout, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: To investigate whether psilocybin therapy could improve symptoms of depression, burnout, and PTSD in US clinicians who developed these symptoms from frontline clinical work during the pandemic. Design, Setting, and Participants: This double-blind randomized clinical trial enrolled participants from February to December 2022. Participants included physicians, APPs, and nurses who provided frontline care for more than 1 month during the pandemic and had no prepandemic mental health diagnoses but had moderate or severe symptoms of depression at enrollment. Participants were randomly assigned to either the psilocybin or niacin arm. Data analysis was conducted between December 2023 and May 2024 and was based on the intention-to-treat principle. Intervention: One intervention episode consisted of 2 preparation visits, 1 medication session, and 3 integration visits. At the medication session, participants received psilocybin, 25 mg, or niacin, 100 mg, orally. Main Outcome and Measures: The primary outcome was a change from baseline (preparation 1 session) to day 28 (after medication administration) in symptoms of depression as measured by the clinician-administered Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) used by blinded raters. The secondary outcomes were a change in symptoms of burnout (measured with the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index [SPFI]) and symptoms of PTSD (measured with the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition [PCL-5]). Results: A total of 30 clinicians (15 females [50%]; mean [range] age, 38 [29-60] years) participated, of whom 15 were randomly assigned to receive psilocybin and 15 to receive niacin. The mean change in symptoms of depression (MADRS scores) from preparation 1 session to day 28 was -21.33 (7.84) in the psilocybin arm compared with -9.33 (7.32) in the niacin arm, with a mean difference between arms of -12.00 (95% CI, -17.67 to -6.33; P", "journal": "JAMA Network Open", "publication_date": "2024-12-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49026", "pubmed_id": "39636638", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49026", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Mental health, Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Intervention (counseling), Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":36,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W620866414\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992123212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044133982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049103906\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2174561539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2298841958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2301228424\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2774020105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921990961\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014756509\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014937314\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107674131\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152785167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3209116266\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200270411\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200389603\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295776311\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296739356\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324045013\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324335442\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361280452\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378782231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387996281\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392498741\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115003092\",\"display_name\":\"Timara K. Freeman-Young\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Ladybird Morgan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002379531\",\"display_name\":\"Tanmeet Sethi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041041464\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey K. Baker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-8839\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075648744\",\"display_name\":\"Kalin Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Marlene Tai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115003090\",\"display_name\":\"Austin Kollefrath\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102718487\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon J. Thomas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0983-113X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115003091\",\"display_name\":\"Dennis Sorta\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110948308\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Kelmendi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-1326\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023949296\",\"display_name\":\"Ted Gooley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-3652\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210217848\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Network Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49026\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405031949" }, { "id": 4514, "title": "God hasn’t died, it has merely been encapsulated - Psilocybin and ayahuasca in the psychedelic renaissance: Intersections between religion, indigenous cosmologies, spirituality, and science", "normalized_title": "god hasn t died it has merely been encapsulated psilocybin and ayahuasca in the psychedelic renaissance intersections between religion indigenous cosmologies spirituality and science", "authors": "Juan Scuro", "abstract": "This article traces the trajectories of psilocybin and ayahuasca in the context of the psychedelic renaissance. The bibliometric analysis reveals that academic publications on psilocybin fall primarily into the medical and scientific areas, whereas those devoted to ayahuasca derive mainly from humanities and social sciences. Second, the article argues that psilocybin and ayahuasca use is undergoing a process of secularization, leading to psychedelic use that is increasingly removed from its traditional cultural roots. This secularization manifests itself differently in the two cases: Psilocybin exhibits a higher degree of secularization than ayahuasca. Ayahuasca maintains strong ties to religious institutions and indigenous organizations deeply involved in its global spread, and it has undergone less medicalization than psilocybin. While the careful attention to setting in psilocybin clinical trials is noteworthy, this doesn’t necessarily imply an emphasis on traditional mushroom use settings. On the other hand, a form of ‘ayahuasca guardianship’ persists, manifested in individuals and groups actively maintaining and asserting their cultural authority over the plant’s significance and associated practices.", "journal": "Social Compass", "publication_date": "2024-11-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/00377686241301923", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686241301923", "keywords": "Ayahuasca, Psilocybin, Secularization, Context (archaeology), Hallucinogen, Spirituality, Indigenous, Sociology, Psychology, Social science, Political science, Anthropology, Medicine, History, Psychiatry, Law, Biology, Pathology, Archaeology, Ecology, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405760007\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405760007\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W139836088\",\"https://openalex.org/W619603167\",\"https://openalex.org/W653808948\",\"https://openalex.org/W1493705230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051521144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051579023\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071921031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087000109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110701839\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143976056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2289608379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2317963375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2518856943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519827734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519943996\",\"https://openalex.org/W2521148062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537197074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2586811222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590956003\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766634038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800893493\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004872360\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008107779\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107835125\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194724473\",\"https://openalex.org/W3198659533\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230167918\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249610630\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298300480\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379011605\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382777067\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387939730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390967996\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391924240\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400043767\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015921295\",\"display_name\":\"Juan Scuro\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8837-0019\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S74899632\",\"source_display_name\":\"Social Compass\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686241301923\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Spirituality,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405760007" }, { "id": 922, "title": "Psilocybin as a Disease-Modifying Drug-A Salutogenic Approach in Psychiatry.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a disease modifying drug a salutogenic approach in psychiatry", "authors": "Spangemacher M, Mertens LJ, Färber LV, Jungaberle A, Jungaberle H, Gründer G.", "abstract": "BackgroundTreatment with so-called psychedelic drugs, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and others, is among the most promising recent developments in psychiatry. This review focuses on psilocybin, a substance found in all mushrooms of the genus Psilocybe, because the largest amount of available evidence relates to this drug.MethodsThis review is based on pertinent publications (since 1969) that were retrieved by a selective search carried out in August 2024 in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases employing the keywords \"psilocybin\" AND \"long-term effects\" AND \"mental disorders\", with an emphasis on randomized, controlled clinical trials (RCTs).ResultsThe available RCTs document the efficacy of psilocybin mainly against depression, including otherwise medically refratory depression. Most of the trials revealed a strong effect, with Cohen's d ranging from 0.67 to 2.6; they used a variety of depression scales and follow-up intervals. Evidence was also found for the efficacy of psilocybin against substance use disorders (alcohol in particular) and symptoms of anxiety accompanying life-threatening somatic illnesses, such as cancer. Initial uncontrolled studies have also shown significant improvement after the administration of psilocybin for other indications.ConclusionTreatment with psilocybin differs fundamentally from classic psychopharmacotherapy. Its potentially transdiagnostic, rapid, and sustainable efficacy and its positive effect on further dimensions of mental health beyond the patient's symptoms and psychopathology imply that it may have diseasemodifying and salutogenic mechanisms of action. Psychotherapy accompanied by the administration of psychedelic drugs may turn out to be the first disease-modifying treatment in the history of psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0224", "pubmed_id": "39628414", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0224", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Mental Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39628414\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 811, "title": "Reconsidering evidence for psychedelic-induced psychosis: an overview of reviews, a systematic review, and meta-analysis of human studies.", "normalized_title": "reconsidering evidence for psychedelic induced psychosis an overview of reviews a systematic review and meta analysis of human studies", "authors": "Sabé M, Sulstarova A, Glangetas A, De Pieri M, Mallet L, Curtis L, Richard-Lepouriel H, Penzenstadler L, Seragnoli F, Thorens G, Zullino D, Preller K, Böge K, Leucht S, Correll CU, Solmi M, Kaiser S, Kirschner M.", "abstract": "BackgroundPersons with schizophrenia are excluded from psychedelic-assisted therapy due to concerns about the risk of triggering or worsening psychosis. However, there is limited meta-analytic data on the risk of psychedelic-induced psychosis in individuals with pre-existing psychotic disorders.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review, meta-analysis, and overview of reviews to assess the incidence of psychedelic-induced psychosis and symptom exacerbation in schizophrenia. Our pre-registered protocol (CRD42023399591) covered: LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, DMT, and MDMA, using data from Embase, PubMed, PsyARTICLES, PsyINFO, and trial registries up to November 2023. A random-effects model was used to calculate psychosis incidence, with standardized assessments of study quality.ResultsFrom 131 publications, we analyzed 14 systematic reviews, 20 reviews, 35 randomized-controlled trials (RCTs), 10 case-control studies, 30 uncontrolled trials (UCTs), and 22 cohort studies, most of which were low quality. Meta-analysis of nine studies showed an incidence of psychedelic-induced psychosis at 0.002% in population studies, 0.2% in UCTs, and 0.6% in RCTs. In UCTs including individuals with schizophrenia, 3.8% developed long-lasting psychotic symptoms. Of those with psychedelic-induced psychosis, 13.1% later developed schizophrenia. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the results.ConclusionIn summary, the reviewed evidence suggests that schizophrenia might not be a definite exclusion criterion for clinical trials exploring safety and efficacy of psychedelics for treatment-resistant depression and negative symptoms. However, given the low quality and limited number of studies, more high-quality research is needed, and a conservative approach is recommended until further data is available.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-024-02800-5", "pubmed_id": "39592825", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02800-5", "keywords": "Humans, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39592825\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 796, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy May Enhance Conservation Values in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy may enhance conservation values in patients with alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Noah D. Gold, Broc A. Pagni, Petros Petridis, Michael P. Bogenschutz", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin can produce long-term changes in personality, personal values, and behavior. Although psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is being actively studied for various psychiatric conditions, its effects on personal values in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) remain unexplored. This study examined the effects of PAT on personal values in patients with AUD and assessed relationships between value changes, acute psilocybin experiences, and drinking outcomes. Methods: In a phase II clinical trial (NCT02061293), 93 participants with AUD received 12 weeks of treatment, including manualized psychotherapy and two 8-h drug administration sessions with either psilocybin ( n = 48) or active placebo ( n = 45). Personal values were assessed before and after treatment using the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS), which includes 4 domain scores (Openness to Change, Self-Enhancement, Conservation, Self-Transcendence) and 10 subscales. The acute psychedelic experience was measured using the 30-item Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ) and the 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Scale (5D-ASC). Treatment effects were assessed using univariate ANCOVAs, with baseline SVS values as covariates. Time effects within each group were evaluated using paired t -tests. Pearson correlations examined the relationship between value changes and acute effects, and also value changes and drinking outcomes. Results: Significant treatment effects were detected for the Conservation domain and its subscales “security” and “tradition.” No other domains or subscales showed significant treatment effects. Within the psilocybin group, time effects were significant only for conservation, and its subscales “tradition,” and “security”. No significant time effects were detected in the placebo group. In the psilocybin group, the MEQ subscale Ineffability was significantly associated with increases in Conservation, “security,” and “tradition” ( r = 0.31-0.34). 5D-ASC subscale Vigilance Reduction was associated with Conservation ( r = 0.31), but not its subscales. 5D-ASC subscale Dread of Ego Dissolution during the psilocybin sessions correlated with increases in “tradition” ( r = 0.31). None of the value changes were significantly associated with drinking outcomes. Conclusion: PAT may alter value structure in patients with AUD patients by increasing Conservation. Although some associations were found between acute psychedelic effects and changes in Conservation, these value changes were not related to drinking outcomes.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2024-11-24", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2024.0030", "pubmed_id": "40337752", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2024.0030", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Alcohol use disorder, Alcohol, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Psychology, Chemistry, Organic chemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404701866\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404701866\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1896027656\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964758597\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986829999\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997102788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039804055\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072990895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089219013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124805265\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127104169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140239083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141024286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141680744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145368128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153900863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2591082697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789212978\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790959730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793674469\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886756160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894541203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900260072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966922878\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012354707\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122673039\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160765419\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161931673\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238315689\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243808290\",\"https://openalex.org/W4245398523\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308040950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312065635\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323967398\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380442223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077047216\",\"display_name\":\"Noah D. Gold\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-6937\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066934485\",\"display_name\":\"Broc A. Pagni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9496-7604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042534014\",\"display_name\":\"Petros Petridis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7608-5723\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2024.0030\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Pharmacology,Consciousness,Personality Change,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404701866" }, { "id": 3488, "title": "Psilocybin Treatment in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: a Preliminary Efficacy Study and Exploratory Investigation of Neural Correlates.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin treatment in obsessive compulsive disorder a preliminary efficacy study and exploratory investigation of neural correlates", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "This study aims to investigate the effects of oral psilocybin on OCD symptomatology and provide the first evidence of the neural mechanism that may mediate psilocybin's purported therapeutic effects on OCD. Aim 1: To investigate the effects of psilocybin on OCD symptomatology. OCD symptom severity will be assessed before treatment and 24 and 48 hours after treatment, one week after treatment, two weeks, one month, and three months after treatment. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that 0.25mg/kg of psilocybin will lead to greater symptom improvement than niacin (as the active-placebo-control agent) at the primary endpoint of 48 hours post-dosing and at all other assessment points. Aim 2: To explore the relationship between the psilocybin-induced brain connectivity changes and symptom change in OCD. Resting-state brain connectivity will be assessed before and 48 hours after treatment. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that (i) psilocybin will normalize abnormal fronto-striatal functional connectivity in patients with OCD; and (ii) normalization of these abnormalities will correlate with improvement in symptomatology after psilocybin treatment. This study will pilot a single-center, randomized, active-placebo-controlled, double-blind design to examine the clinical and neural effects on OCD, of either 0.25mg/kg of psilocybin or active placebo-control agent (niacin 250mg), given along with non-drug preparatory and follow-up support appointments to 30 study participants. The duration of the randomized study phase is from consent until two weeks after drug administration. Participants will be followed for 12 weeks (3 months) post-study drug administration. Eligible participants will be admitted as an inpatient for at least 3 nights / 4 days surrounding the initial drug administration (or more, at the option of the subject and the investigator). Participants will be randomized into active medication and active-placebo-control groups, and will be blinded as to their study condition. This admission 2 nights prior to the drug administration will allow the participant to adjust to sleeping on the unit and allow them to settle in to the research unit routine. A return for an fMRI scan (48 hours after the administration session) will be scheduled. The participants who received active-placebo-control will be offered the option to receive open-label psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-11-19", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03356483", "keywords": "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psilocybin (0.25mg/kg), \"Magic Mushrooms\", Niacin (250mg), Nicotinic acid, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03356483\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "OCD,Brain Imaging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3512, "title": "A Phase 2a Safety and Feasibility Study Evaluating Psilocybin (TRP-8802) Administration in Concert With Psychotherapy in the Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a safety and feasibility study evaluating psilocybin trp 8802 administration in concert with psychotherapy in the treatment of binge eating disorder", "authors": "TRYP Therapeutics", "abstract": "To better understand the potential benefits of psychedelics in overeating disorders, Tryp Therapeutics will conduct a safety and feasibility clinical trial using TRP8802 among individuals with Binge Eating Disorder. This is a single-center phase 2a open-label study to assess the safety and feasibility of a single dose of TRP8802 in subjects with BED. Subjects will undergo screening, preparation therapy sessions, dosing, integration therapy sessions, and follow-up for 12 weeks following the dose of TRP8802. The total participation in the study will be up to approximately 5 months. Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder and is associated with obesity and psychiatric comorbidities, including depression, and impulsive and compulsive disorders. Binge eating disorder is marked by severe disturbance to a person's control over their eating behaviors and high anxiety around food. Various programs using psilocybin paired with psychotherapy have shown positive effects in treating a variety of psychiatric and behavioral conditions, including cancer-related psychiatric distress, anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, and nicotine and alcohol addiction. Based on clinical precedents, relevant neuropharmacology, and mechanistic similarities, psilocybin is theorized to have the potential to be part of the treatment of overeating disorders. TRP-8802 could accomplish this by moderating overall anxiety, anxiety around food, perseveration, and repetitive and intrusive thoughts about food in people with BED. The primary objective of this study is to: 1\\. Assess the safety of a single dose of TRP8802 in participants with binge eating disorder (BED) during the TRP8802 dosing session, and through 12 weeks following dosing (i.e., Week 14).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-11-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05035927", "keywords": "Binge Eating Disorder, TRYP-0082, Psilocybin, Psychotherapy, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05035927\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 970, "title": "Preliminary Evidence of Sleep Improvements Following Psilocybin Administration, and their Involvement in Antidepressant Therapeutic Action.", "normalized_title": "preliminary evidence of sleep improvements following psilocybin administration and their involvement in antidepressant therapeutic action", "authors": "Reid MJ, Kettner H, Blanken TF, Weiss B, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Purpose of the studyPsilocybin is a rapidly-emerging treatment for depression, yet its impact on sleep is not well understood. We sought to explore the literature on sleep and psilocybin use, and explore the topic using our own primary data.FindingsWhilst clinical trials demonstrate large depressive symptom improvements, the impact of psilocybin on sleep quality or insomnia symptoms, has not been directly studied. Using our own preliminary-data we demonstrated that both depressive-symptoms and sleep-disturbances decreased significantly following psilocybin use, though sleep improvements were smaller compared to depressive symptoms. More severe sleep-disturbances at baseline were linked to lower probability of depression remission, underscoring a potential interaction between sleep and psilocybin's efficacy. Addressing sleep disturbances could enhance therapeutic outcomes in psilocybin-assisted therapy and could lead to more effective, personalized treatment-strategies. Future research should focus on populations with sleep disorders, and on examining causal-pathways of sleep physiology's impact on psilocybin efficacy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-024-01539-8", "pubmed_id": "39532819", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-024-01539-8", "keywords": "Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Adult, Female, Male, Sleep Wake Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39532819\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4523, "title": "Psychedelic treatment for anorexia nervosa: A first-hand view of how psilocybin treatment did and did not help", "normalized_title": "psychedelic treatment for anorexia nervosa a first hand view of how psilocybin treatment did and did not help", "authors": "Stéphanie Knatz Peck, Hannah M. Fisher, Jessie Kim, Samantha Shao, Julie Trim, Walter H. Kaye", "abstract": "Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric illness with high mortality rates and limited treatment outcomes. Psilocybin treatment (PT) has shown promise for various mental health indications and there is significant interest in exploring its potential for AN; however, studies to date are preliminary. Given the probable surge in psychedelic studies for AN, more information is needed to understand how to successfully apply and optimize these treatments for this vulnerable population. In this Emerging Topics article, we present a nuanced exploration of the potential benefits and constraints of PT for AN, contextualized within the framework of our clinical findings from a modest phase 1 pilot study. We offer here a synthesis of first-hand experiences and comprehensive thematic insights gleaned from 10 individuals with lived experience, providing a rich tapestry of perspectives on this novel therapeutic approach.", "journal": "Psychedelics.", "publication_date": "2024-11-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.61373/pp024e.0034", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.61373/pp024e.0034", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anorexia nervosa, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychiatry, Population, Mental health, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Eating disorders, Environmental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404961618\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404961618\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W164629299\",\"https://openalex.org/W1501583202\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985642681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042181481\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073953400\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080992988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093980670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885121314\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118567436\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159676254\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220677780\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226049185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229050031\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288050717\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308953446\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386541001\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395110324\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011897192\",\"display_name\":\"Stéphanie Knatz Peck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041834457\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah M. Fisher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8769-6060\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104262515\",\"display_name\":\"Jessie Kim\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057873669\",\"display_name\":\"Samantha Shao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002166417\",\"display_name\":\"Julie Trim\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086371093\",\"display_name\":\"Walter H. Kaye\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4478-4906\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404675698\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelics.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.61373/pp024e.0034\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404961618" }, { "id": 3134, "title": "Preliminary safety and effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted therapy in adults with fibromyalgia: An open-label, pilot clinical trial", "normalized_title": "preliminary safety and effectiveness of psilocybin assisted therapy in adults with fibromyalgia an open label pilot clinical trial", "authors": "Aday JS, McAfee J, Conroy DA, Hosanagar A, Tarnal V, Weston C, Scott K, Horowitz D, Harte SE, Pouyan N, Glynos NG, Baker AK, Guss J, Davis AK, Burgess HJ, Mashour GA, Clauw DJ, Boehnke KF.", "abstract": "Fibromyalgia (FM) is the prototypical nociplastic pain condition, characterized by widespread pain and issues with cognition, mood, and sleep. Currently, there are limited treatment options available that effectively treat FM symptoms. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging combined drug-therapy intervention, but no studies to-date have investigated PAT for FM. Here, we report findings from an open-label, proof-of-concept trial of PAT for FM (N=5; NCT05128162). In conjunction with psychotherapy (two preparatory, four integration sessions), participants received two doses of oral psilocybin (15mg and 25mg) delivered two weeks apart. Regarding safety (primary outcome), there were transient elevations of blood pressure or heart rate during dosing which normalized by the end of treatment, with no serious adverse events. Four of five participants reported transient headaches following dosing. Compared to baseline, participants reported clinically meaningful improvements in the following secondary outcomes one month following their second psilocybin dose (reported as Cohen’s d): pain severity (d=-2.1, 95% CI[-3.7 to -0.49]), pain interference (d=-1.8, 95% CI [-3.27 to -0.24]), and sleep disturbance (d=-2.5, 95% CI [-4.21 to -0.75]). Using the Patient Global Impression of Change, one participant reported their symptoms “very much improved,” two reported “much improved,” and two reported “minimally improved.” Compared to baseline, there were improvements in the following exploratory outcomes after the intervention: FM symptoms, anxiety, and fatigue. This small open-label trial preliminarily supports that PAT is well-tolerated by people with FM, establishing a basis for larger randomized controlled trials.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-11-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/j8zb5", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/j8zb5", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR935081\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 776, "title": "Preliminary safety and effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted therapy in adults with fibromyalgia: An open-label, pilot clinical trial", "normalized_title": "preliminary safety and effectiveness of psilocybin assisted therapy in adults with fibromyalgia an open label pilot clinical trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "Fibromyalgia (FM) is the prototypical nociplastic pain condition, characterized by widespread pain and issues with cognition, mood, and sleep. Currently, there are limited treatment options available that effectively treat FM symptoms. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging combined drug-therapy intervention, but no studies to-date have investigated PAT for FM. Here, we report findings from an open-label, proof-of-concept trial of PAT for FM (N=5; NCT05128162). In conjunction with psychotherapy (two preparatory, four integration sessions), participants received two doses of oral psilocybin (15mg and 25mg) delivered two weeks apart. Regarding safety (primary outcome), there were transient elevations of blood pressure or heart rate during dosing which normalized by the end of treatment, with no serious adverse events. Four of five participants reported transient headaches following dosing. Compared to baseline, participants reported clinically meaningful improvements in the following secondary outcomes one month following their second psilocybin dose (reported as Cohen’s d): pain severity (d=-2.1, 95% CI[-3.7 to -0.49]), pain interference (d=-1.8, 95% CI [-3.27 to -0.24]), and sleep disturbance (d=-2.5, 95% CI [-4.21 to -0.75]). Using the Patient Global Impression of Change, one participant reported their symptoms “very much improved,” two reported “much improved,” and two reported “minimally improved.” Compared to baseline, there were improvements in the following exploratory outcomes after the intervention: FM symptoms, anxiety, and fatigue. This small open-label trial preliminarily supports that PAT is well-tolerated by people with FM, establishing a basis for larger randomized controlled trials.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-11-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/j8zb5_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Life Sciences", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"j8zb5_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5670, "title": "Worsening suicidal ideation and prolonged adverse event following psilocybin administration in a clinical setting: case report and thematic analysis of one participant's experience", "normalized_title": "worsening suicidal ideation and prolonged adverse event following psilocybin administration in a clinical setting case report and thematic analysis of one participant s experience", "authors": "Mourad Wahba, Caroline Hayes, Maartje Kletter, R. Hamish McAllister-Williams", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin is being investigated as a treatment for a myriad of disorders, including treatment-resistant depression. The main focus has been on positive effects, with little attention paid to negative outcomes, especially in clinical settings. Quantitative methodology limits further exploration of such events and can also miss improvements not captured on rating scales. AIMS: To highlight potential adverse events of psilocybin and underline limits of quantitative methodology, calling for process evaluations alongside clinical trials. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case of a participant in a phase 2b clinical trial of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression who presented with increased suicidal ideation and a prolonged period of severely restricted eating following administration, leading to a period of destabilisation and a need for support. Despite the difficulties encountered and the participant's limited improvement on rating scales, she found the experience to have been helpful and led her to make changes to her life which she found beneficial. She described her experience in a written account to the authors. METHOD: The case was summarised and the written account was thematically analysed and synthesised into a logic model. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin could lead to temporary worsening of suicidal ideation and instigate prolonged adverse events that outlast its acute effects. Paradoxically, it could simultaneously lead to an improvement in functional outcomes which is not clear on depression rating scales. This calls for a qualitative exploration of serious adverse events and participant accounts to deepen our understanding of the psilocybin experience and its different outcomes.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2024-10-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2024.768", "pubmed_id": "39654264", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.768", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Suicidal ideation, Adverse effect, Psychology, Ideation, Thematic analysis, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Medical emergency, Pharmacology, Suicide prevention, Poison control, Qualitative research, Sociology, Cognitive science, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405215942\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405215942\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164816593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046037152\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194472989\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201103091\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220950644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300981180\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W6645210854\",\"https://openalex.org/W6844902461\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046681370\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline Hayes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-5262\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002318919\",\"display_name\":\"Maartje Kletter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5931-0976\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015102333\",\"display_name\":\"R. Hamish McAllister-Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-1834\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.768\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405215942" }, { "id": 927, "title": "Worsening suicidal ideation and prolonged adverse event following psilocybin administration in a clinical setting: case report and thematic analysis of one participant's experience", "normalized_title": "worsening suicidal ideation and prolonged adverse event following psilocybin administration in a clinical setting case report and thematic analysis of one participant s experience", "authors": "Mourad Wahba, Caroline Hayes, Maartje Kletter, R. Hamish McAllister-Williams", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin is being investigated as a treatment for a myriad of disorders, including treatment-resistant depression. The main focus has been on positive effects, with little attention paid to negative outcomes, especially in clinical settings. Quantitative methodology limits further exploration of such events and can also miss improvements not captured on rating scales. AIMS: To highlight potential adverse events of psilocybin and underline limits of quantitative methodology, calling for process evaluations alongside clinical trials. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case of a participant in a phase 2b clinical trial of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression who presented with increased suicidal ideation and a prolonged period of severely restricted eating following administration, leading to a period of destabilisation and a need for support. Despite the difficulties encountered and the participant's limited improvement on rating scales, she found the experience to have been helpful and led her to make changes to her life which she found beneficial. She described her experience in a written account to the authors. METHOD: The case was summarised and the written account was thematically analysed and synthesised into a logic model. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin could lead to temporary worsening of suicidal ideation and instigate prolonged adverse events that outlast its acute effects. Paradoxically, it could simultaneously lead to an improvement in functional outcomes which is not clear on depression rating scales. This calls for a qualitative exploration of serious adverse events and participant accounts to deepen our understanding of the psilocybin experience and its different outcomes.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2024-10-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.768", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Suicidal ideation, Adverse effect, Psychology, Ideation, Thematic analysis, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Medical emergency, Pharmacology, Suicide prevention, Poison control, Qualitative research, Sociology, Cognitive science, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405215942\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405215942\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164816593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046037152\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194472989\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201103091\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220950644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300981180\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W6645210854\",\"https://openalex.org/W6844902461\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046681370\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline Hayes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-5262\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002318919\",\"display_name\":\"Maartje Kletter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5931-0976\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015102333\",\"display_name\":\"R. Hamish McAllister-Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-1834\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.768\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7139416359" }, { "id": 3136, "title": "Personal Psychedelic Experience as a Training Qualification for Facilitators: A Thematic Analysis of Qualitative Interviews with Psilocybin Experts", "normalized_title": "personal psychedelic experience as a training qualification for facilitators a thematic analysis of qualitative interviews with psilocybin experts", "authors": "Luoma JB, Wilson-Poe A, Pertl K, Hoffman K, Bazinet A, Stauffer C, McCarty D, Korthuis P.", "abstract": "Emerging legal frameworks in Oregon and Colorado license facilitators to support adults receiving psychedelic services. The current legal frameworks are silent regarding facilitators’ personal experience with psychedelics. An eDelphi process recruited 36 experts with at least 5 years’ experience facilitating psilocybin experiences in ceremonial settings, indigenous practices, or clinical trials. Respondents completed in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews via secure web links. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Experts with a mean of 15.2 (SD13.1) years’ experience providing psilocybin services expressed the importance of first-hand experience with psychedelics as a qualification for the emerging workforce. One participant questioned the necessity of personal psychedelic experience. Experts suggested that personal experience may indirectly support high-quality care because it enhances facilitators’ personal wellbeing, and may help facilitators understand the complexity and nature of their clients’ psychedelic experiences. Novel statelegal psychedelic paradigms create a real-world opportunity to assess associations between facilitators’ personal psychedelic experience and the safety and outcomes of psychedelic services.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-10-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/dwhcu_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dwhcu_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1055707\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 551, "title": "Personal Psychedelic Experience as a Training Qualification for Facilitators: A Thematic Analysis of Qualitative Interviews with Psilocybin Experts", "normalized_title": "personal psychedelic experience as a training qualification for facilitators a thematic analysis of qualitative interviews with psilocybin experts", "authors": "", "abstract": "Emerging legal frameworks in Oregon and Colorado license facilitators to support adults receiving psychedelic services. The current legal frameworks are silent regarding facilitators’ personal experience with psychedelics. An e Delphi process recruited 36 experts with at least 5 years’ experience facilitating psilocybin experiences in ceremonial settings, indigenous practices, or clinical trials. Respondents completed in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews via secure web links. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Experts with a mean of 15.2 (SD13.1) years’ experience providing psilocybin services expressed the importance of first-hand experience with psychedelics as a qualification for the emerging workforce. One participant questioned the necessity of personal psychedelic experience. Experts suggested that personal experience may indirectly support high-quality care because it enhances facilitators’ personal wellbeing, and may help facilitators understand the complexity and nature of their clients’ psychedelic experiences. Novel state legal psychedelic paradigms create a real-world opportunity to assess associations between facilitators’ personal psychedelic experience and the safety and outcomes of psychedelic services.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-10-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/dwhcu_v1", "keywords": "experts, personal experience, psychedelics, qualitative, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"dwhcu_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 371, "title": "Psilocybin for major depressive disorder: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for major depressive disorder an updated systematic review and meta analysis of randomized clinical trials", "authors": "Sepehr Aghajanian, Arman Shafiee, Samira Parvizi Omran, Aida Rezaei Nejad, Kyana Jafarabady, Omid Kohandel Gargari, Shahryar Rajai Firouzabadi, Ida Mohammadi, Touran Bahrami Babaheidari, Mahmood Bakhtiyari", "abstract": "Background: Due to the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of current antidepressants, research has been launched into alternative treatment approaches, such as the administration of psychedelics. Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, has been shown to exert considerable positive influence on depression symptoms through its serotonergic and glutamatergic effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of psilocybin in treating depression. Methods: A comprehensive search of Medline (via PubMed) and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Inclusion criteria were applied to select studies that investigated the therapeutic impact of psilocybin on depression. A mixed-effects multi-level model was used to estimate the overall effect size. Effectiveness over time was also investigated as a secondary analysis. Results: The results of the primary analysis revealed a large and clinically observable reduction (SMC: −1.24, 95%CI: −1.83 to −0.65, I2 level2 = 11.39%, I2 level3 = 77.67%) of depressive symptomatology in patients receiving psilocybin in addition to supportive therapy compared to baseline measurements. The decrease was also marked when compared to placebo ( p -value = 0.032). The results remained significant even when a secondary analysis assessed the effect in various time intervals since the administration of psilocybin. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis substantiate the claim that psilocybin is superior in treating depression compared to established psychotherapy alone used for treating depression. This finding warrants further studies with larger sample sizes and across a longer timeframe.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-10-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241287542", "pubmed_id": "39480198", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241287542", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Meta-analysis, Placebo, Cochrane Library, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Serotonergic, Medicine, Systematic review, Psychology, MEDLINE, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Alternative medicine, Serotonin, Economics, Law, Political science, Pathology, Macroeconomics, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1980910164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014381681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048303608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088928458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139168999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153403353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161374186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2223813100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2273917694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992679405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001030361\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282931386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366089680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382360440\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387516067\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076558683\",\"display_name\":\"Sepehr Aghajanian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-0138\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057425365\",\"display_name\":\"Arman Shafiee\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1941-4399\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108956010\",\"display_name\":\"Samira Parvizi Omran\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056414839\",\"display_name\":\"Aida Rezaei Nejad\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7737-7824\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034353654\",\"display_name\":\"Kyana Jafarabady\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005668391\",\"display_name\":\"Omid Kohandel Gargari\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-0582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093084614\",\"display_name\":\"Shahryar Rajai Firouzabadi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-4103\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010234694\",\"display_name\":\"Ida Mohammadi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0662-0329\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050431840\",\"display_name\":\"Touran Bahrami Babaheidari\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-5597\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060173628\",\"display_name\":\"Mahmood Bakhtiyari\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241287542\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403943147" }, { "id": 3584, "title": "A Registered Clinical Trial of PEX010-Assisted Therapy for Stimulant Use Disorder: A Safety, Feasibility and Efficacy Study", "normalized_title": "a registered clinical trial of pex010 assisted therapy for stimulant use disorder a safety feasibility and efficacy study", "authors": "Filament Health Corp.", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if PEX010 is effective for the treatment of Stimulant Use Disorder in adults. The study will also assess the safety and feasibility of administering PEX010 to this population. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does PEX010 reduce stimulant use? What medical problems do participants experience when taking PEX010? Researchers will compare an active PEX010 dose containing 25 mg psilocybin to an active placebo arm, to see if PEX010 works to reduce stimulant use. Participants will: Take PEX010 or the active placebo once during the study, engage in cognitive behavioural therapy, and visit the clinic twice weekly for study intervention and follow-up assessments. In this randomized, controlled trial study participants will receive one capsule of PEX010 containing 25 mg or 1 mg of psilocybin, in conjunction with therapy. Following screening and baseline visits, participants will receive 2 preparation sessions, 1 PEX010 dosing session, 1 integration session, and 7 follow-up visits.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-10-29", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06666010", "keywords": "Stimulant Use Disorder, PEX010-Assisted Therapy, PEX010(01), NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06666010\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 986, "title": "A narrative exploration of psilocybin's potential in mental health.", "normalized_title": "a narrative exploration of psilocybin s potential in mental health", "authors": "Min H, Park SY, Park J, Na S, Lee HS, Kim T, Ham J, Park YT.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a psychoactive substance, has recently garnered attention for its high therapeutic potential in psychiatry. In this study, we investigated the multifaceted aspects of psilocybin, highlighting its chemical properties, mechanisms of action, and burgeoning role in psychiatric treatment. Furthermore, we examined the clinical applications and potential therapeutic benefits of psilocybin in the treatment of various mental health disorders, supported by accumulating clinical evidence. This review aims to deepen our understanding of the clinical impact of psilocybin, elucidate its therapeutic value, and propose directions for future research, thereby paving the way for its integration into mainstream psychiatric treatments. Psilocybin has been shown to be safe in clinical trials with manageable side effects. However, additional safety measures are required after this discussion, including dosing protocols, patient monitoring, and distress management strategies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-29", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1429373", "pubmed_id": "39540010", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1429373", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39540010\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4531, "title": "“The mushroom was more alive and vibrant”: Patient reports of synthetic versus organic forms of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "the mushroom was more alive and vibrant patient reports of synthetic versus organic forms of psilocybin", "authors": "Pamela Kryskow, Paul Stamets, Joseph La Torre, Kathy Sattler, Vivian W. L. Tsang, Monnica T. Williams", "abstract": "Abstract Interest in psychedelic research in the West is surging, however, clinical trials have almost exclusively studied synthetic compounds such as MDMA, ketamine, DMT, LSD, ibogaine, and psilocybin. To date, few clinical trials have utilized whole mushroom/plant material like Psilocybe mushrooms, Iboga, or Ayahuasca. Individuals participating in the Roots To Thrive Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for End of Life Distress program were administered synthetic psilocybin, whole Psilocybe cubensis, and mycological extract on separate occasions and post-treatment interview transcripts were qualitatively analyzed to discern themes and patterns. There was broad consensus that all three forms were helpful and similar, all generating visual and perceptual distortions, emotional and cognitive insight, and mystical experiences. However, synthetic psilocybin was said to feel less natural compared to organic forms, and the overall quality of experience of synthetic psilocybin was inferior to the organic forms. Research should be conducted with whole psychedelic mushrooms and extract in addition to synthetic psilocybin given this preliminary data, especially when considering that medicine keepers around the world have utilized whole mushrooms and plant material for millennia.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2024-10-28", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2024.00379", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2024.00379", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mushroom, Psychology, Medicine, Chemistry, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Food science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403860154\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403860154\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W359263171\",\"https://openalex.org/W389099677\",\"https://openalex.org/W561083445\",\"https://openalex.org/W1488804786\",\"https://openalex.org/W1525564204\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975661003\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001051137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005776181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014087423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051106489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069122038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071921031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092118677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115721632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125000359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148102062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164977754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170503011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186443263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2188127456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474683155\",\"https://openalex.org/W2485488690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2738334969\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800521306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902532596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2915809733\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983552824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988091143\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008629222\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016794806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3018943978\",\"https://openalex.org/W3040931347\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046716636\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048980736\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088476465\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107533476\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135492618\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149607396\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162774823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203128580\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210733143\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200266012\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205102591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220996705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232913444\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236362109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238175749\",\"https://openalex.org/W4244164154\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254332205\",\"https://openalex.org/W4255030514\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282941940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283159214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297173008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298282109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327515641\",\"https://openalex.org/W4364348136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366963077\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366963247\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385969211\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386740988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388466573\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390725475\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390753253\",\"https://openalex.org/W6636289529\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063782496\",\"display_name\":\"Pamela Kryskow\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0310-0368\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061363389\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Stamets\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1319-6914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028513872\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph La Torre\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-1438\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070756124\",\"display_name\":\"Kathy Sattler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038822435\",\"display_name\":\"Vivian W. L. Tsang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-008X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065680812\",\"display_name\":\"Monnica T. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-3277\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2024.00379\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403860154" }, { "id": 3644, "title": "Psilocybin vs Escitalopram for Major Depressive Disorder: Comparative Mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin vs escitalopram for major depressive disorder comparative mechanisms", "authors": "Imperial College London", "abstract": "This is a randomised double-blind clinical trial. The aim is to compare the efficacy and mechanisms of action of psilocybin, the primary psychoactive substance in 'magic mushrooms', with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram for major depressive disorder (MDD).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-10-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03429075", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Major, Psilocybin + Placebo, Psilocybin + Escitalopram, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03429075\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 989, "title": "Expert recommendations for Germany's integration of psychedelic-assisted therapy.", "normalized_title": "expert recommendations for germany s integration of psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "Perez Rosal SR, La Torre JT, Birnkammer S, Chernoloz O, Williams MT, Faber SC.", "abstract": "As clinical trials for psychedelics move into phase III in the USA, Europe must address its lag in integrating professional education around psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) and supporting psychedelic drug research. This paper evaluates the necessary frameworks for implementing PAT in Germany, emphasizing the nation's potential leadership role within the European Union. With Australia having already approved MDMA and psilocybin for mental health indications, the Ukrainian government exploring MDMA treatment for war-related PTSD, and initial clinical trials involving MDMA and LSD with patients in Switzerland which restarted the restricted medical use of these substances around 2014, the medical authorization of psychedelics in these countries establishes precedent showcasing both the promise and challenges of researching and implementing PAT in nations where the substances were formally scheduled as illicit substances. Key challenges include establishing rigorous standards for practitioner training, accessibility, and defining regulatory oversight. This paper focuses on the development of robust infrastructure in Germany, which will support the roll out of PAT, and details ethical considerations, training protocols, and governmental roles in the formulation of treatment frameworks. This approach aims not only to guide Germany in adopting PAT but also to influence broader European policy, ensuring that patients receive ethically sound and proficient care. The findings suggest pathways for Europe to reclaim its historical lead in psychiatric and therapeutic innovation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1186/s12909-024-06141-3", "pubmed_id": "39443907", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06141-3", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Germany", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39443907\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3453, "title": "Neurobiological Effects of Psilocybin in Treatment Resistant Bipolar Depression: An Emotional-Processing fMRI Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "neurobiological effects of psilocybin in treatment resistant bipolar depression an emotional processing fmri pilot study", "authors": "University Health Network, Toronto", "abstract": "This study is an open-label, single-arm, proof-of-concept study, wherein treatment resistant bipolar depression (TRBD) participants will receive one 25 mg dose of oral psilocybin accompanied by preparatory, monitoring, and integration psychotherapy sessions (psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, or PAP). Using fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging), the findings of this study will provide data on the neurobiological mechanism of psilocybin in TRBD. The primary objective is to understand the dynamic role of amygdala activity by evaluating the neurobiological effects of a single psychedelic dose (25 mg) of oral psilocybin in individuals with a moderate to severe major depressive episode and a primary diagnosis of Bipolar II Disorder, with 2 or more failed treatment trials (i.e., treatment resistant bipolar depression \\[TRBD\\]). Neurobiological effects will be determined by evaluating the association between post-treatment right amygdala activity during the facial affect task (determined by fMRI one day after the psilocybin dose) and antidepressant effects (determined by changes in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale \\[MADRS\\] scores over time, during the one-week period post-psilocybin dose). This is a single-arm, open-label clinical trial wherein all participants will receive the same study intervention. Hypothesis: Increased right amygdala activity on fMRI with emotional stimuli one day after psilocybin treatment will be associated with greater antidepressant effects in the one-week period post-treatment in individuals with TRBD. Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) spend a third of their lives in the midst of a depressive episode. BD is a severe and persistent mental illness with a lifetime prevalence of 2-3%. Bipolar depression remains a significant treatment challenge, with a paucity of evidence-based treatments. Only four pharmacological treatments for acute bipolar depression (cariprazine, olanzapine-fluoxetine combination, quetiapine, and lurasidone) are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Other medications often used for the treatment of BD are those primarily used to treat mania or psychosis (i.e., lithium; antipsychotics) or major depressive disorder (MDD) (i.e., antidepressants). Lamotrigine, which is recommended by international guidelines as a maintenance treatment for BD to prevent depressive recurrence, has limited efficacy for acute BD. Current medication options are also limited by adverse effects, including renal and thyroid impairment with long-term lithium therapy and weight gain and metabolic abnormalities with atypical antipsychotics. Furthermore, treatment outcomes remain poor, particularly for depressive episodes, with over one-third of patients failing to respond to two or more first-line treatments. Hence, there is a clear need for novel and efficacious treatments for BD. However, there is a limited understanding of the neurobiology of BD, which poses as a major barrier to identifying truly innovative treatments. Psilocybin is a chemical compound that naturally occurs in certain species of mushrooms, (for example, in the psilocybe genus, among others). It belongs to a class of drugs referred to as \"psychedelics\". Psilocybin is a tryptamine which is chemically similar to the neurotransmitter, serotonin, and the essential amino acid, tryptophan. It is considered a 5-hydroxytrptamineric (serotonergic) psychedelic along with other similar drugs such as dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid dieythamide (LSD). Psilocybin is a product for the pharmacologically active ingredient psilocin, which readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a potential partial agonist at serotonin 5HT2A and 5HT2c receptors in the brain. Typical effects of psilocybin include significantly altered states of consciousness, experienced through visual and auditory effects, changes in perception, distortions of time; and a range of effects including a sense of awe, novel perspectives, existential and personal insight, dramatically heightened empathy and feelings of compassion, strong emotions, and unitive experience. With proper screening and preparation, psilocybin has a safe physiological and psychological profile. Psilocybin is currently the preferred compound for use in clinical research involving 5-hydroxytrptaminergic psychedelics because it has a shorter duration of action and suffers from less notoriety and stigma than other similar drugs. Two recently completed clinical trials have assessed the effects of psilocybin on TRD in participants with BDII. The first study was a non-randomized controlled trial that demonstrated a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin with accompanying PAP led to a decrease in MADRS scores in all study participants (n=15) at the 3-week primary endpoint. The second study was a randomized controlled trial that included participants with both unipolar (n=27) and bipolar treatment-resistant depression (n=4), wherein all participants received at least one 25 mg dose of psilocybin with accompanying PAP (with the exception of one participant who dropped out of the study before receiving the study intervention). Participants had the opportunity to receive up to two additional 25 mg doses of psilocybin with accompanying PAP, if they were eligible to receive a repeat dose as per the study protocol. Both trials demonstrated that 25 mg of psilocybin resulted in a decrease of depressive symptoms in participants with treatment-resistant bipolar depression, without increased incidence of manic or hypomanic symptoms. Beyond the clinical benefits observed, psilocybin has provided several new insights into the neurobiology of depression, with dozens of additional, ongoing mechanistic studies underway. Neuroimaging studies evaluating the effects of psilocybin in treatment-resistant (unipolar) depression (TRD) have provided surprising neurobiological insights that have called into question several assumptions of mood disorders. In an open-label TRD trial evaluating the antidepressant and neurobiological effects of psilocybin, increased activity of the right amygdala was observed in response to fearful and happy faces post-treatment. Psilocybin's antidepressant effects were associated with increased right amygdala responses to negative emotional stimuli, an opposite effect to previous findings with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Wherein SSRIs mitigate negative emotions, psilocybin might allow patients to feel, confront and work through them. These findings also suggest that neurobiological targets and mechanisms required to alleviate TRD, may be different from non-resistant depression, where SSRIs are often effective by reducing amygdala response to negative stimuli. Notably, the impact of psilocybin on amygdala function varies inter-individually depending on baseline mood state. More specifically, in healthy volunteers, psilocybin has been shown to decrease amygdala response to emotional stimuli, whereas in TRD, psilocybin was associated with increased amygdala response. Evaluating the effects of psilocybin in TRBD may improve the investigator's understanding of the neurobiology of bipolar depression by dynamically evaluating altered amygdala function and associated changes in depressive symptoms over time.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-10-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06506019", "keywords": "Bipolar Depression, Psilocybin, Functional MRI, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06506019\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 957, "title": "Expanding the Therapeutic Horizons of Psilocybin in Mental Health.", "normalized_title": "expanding the therapeutic horizons of psilocybin in mental health", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for mental health. This Patent Highlight explores the innovative approaches to harnessing psilocybin's potential across various contexts. These include clinical trials targeting severe psychiatric conditions, the integration of low-dose psilocybin into dietary products to promote general mental well-being, and the personalization of psilocybin dosing for optimal treatment of depression and anxiety. These advancements demonstrate psilocybin's versatility and potential to reshape conventional mental health treatment paradigms, mainly through personalized medicine and accessible wellness applications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-14", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00488", "pubmed_id": "39563826", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00488", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39563826\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4540, "title": "Plain Language Summary Publication: Low-dose psilocybin in short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks: Results from an open-label phase Ib ascending dose study", "normalized_title": "plain language summary publication low dose psilocybin in short lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks results from an open label phase ib ascending dose study", "authors": "James Rucker, Matthew Butler, Sadie Hambleton, Catherine Bird, Mathieu Seynaeve, Sanjay Cheema, Kete Campbell-Coker, Carolina Maggio, Fiona Dunbar, Giorgio Lambru, Manjit Matharu", "abstract": "Matt Butler has nothing to declare. Sanjay Cheema: Received a research fellowship sponsored by Abbott. Giorgio Lambru: Co-chair of the Medical Advisory Board of the Trigeminal neuralgia Association (TNA) UK; received personal fees from Abbvie, Teva, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck; participated in clinical trials as principal investigator for Novartis, Eli Lilly, Teva, Nevro. Manjit Matharu: Chair of the Medical Advisory Board of the CSF Leak Association, serves on the advisory board for AbbVie, Abbott, Eli Lilly, Kriya, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Salvia and TEVA and has received payment for the development of educational presentations from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Lunbeck and TEVA. James Rucker: Paid advisory boards for Clerkenwell Health and Delica Therapeutics, paid articles for Janssen, assistance for attendance at conferences from Compass Pathways and Janssen, grant funding from Compass Pathfinder, Beckley PsyTech, Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies, National Institute for Health Research, Wellcome Trust, Biomedical Research Centre at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. No shareholdings in pharmaceutical companies. No shareholdings in companies developing psychedelics. Mathieu Seynaeve and Fiona Dunbar are employed by Beckley PsyTech. Catherine Bird, Sadie Hambleton, Kete Campbell-Coker, and Carolina Maggio have no conflicts to disclose.", "journal": "Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain", "publication_date": "2024-10-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1111/head.14846", "pubmed_id": "39382331", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14846", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Phase (matter), Open label, Dermatology, Pharmacology, Physics, Adverse effect, Hallucinogen, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403248178\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403248178\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037837514\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Butler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-6539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107421289\",\"display_name\":\"Sadie Hambleton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033191459\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bird\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-6931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063914720\",\"display_name\":\"Mathieu Seynaeve\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069926672\",\"display_name\":\"Sanjay Cheema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5438-6549\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071185535\",\"display_name\":\"Kete Campbell-Coker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047075726\",\"display_name\":\"Carolina Maggio\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-5557\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015903430\",\"display_name\":\"Fiona Dunbar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023034194\",\"display_name\":\"Giorgio Lambru\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2780-4776\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016058429\",\"display_name\":\"Manjit Matharu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4960-2294\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S96331937\",\"source_display_name\":\"Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14846\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403248178" }, { "id": 3469, "title": "A Phase 1 Dose Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of MLS101 (psilocybin) in Healthy Participants", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 dose escalation study to evaluate the safety tolerability and pharmacokinetics of mls101 psilocybin in healthy participants", "authors": "MycoMedica Life Sciences PBC", "abstract": "MLS101 is being developed as a low dose psilocybin, that can be administered to treat various neurological and psychiatric conditions. The purpose of this clinical trial is to assess how safe and tolerated MLS101 is; to see how MLS101 is distributed and cleared by the body (pharmacokinetics); and to assess the psychedelic effects of MLS101 in healthy adult participants. In recent years, high-dose psilocybin has gained attention for its potential therapeutic benefits in many psychiatric indications, however existing clinical data for low psilocybin doses are limited. Microdoses are generally considered to be those absent of profound sensory and cognitive effects that would interfere with normal everyday functioning, but only a small number of prospective studies have evaluated microdoses and/or low doses in a controlled manner. As a foundational study of the therapeutic use of low doses of psilocybin, this study will evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and sensorial effects using a prospective, controlled, single ascending dose/multiple ascending doses in healthy volunteers.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-10-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06326606", "keywords": "Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin, MLS101, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06326606\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4545, "title": "PR012/#955 Psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for patients with ovarian caner: a subset analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial", "normalized_title": "pr012 955 psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for patients with ovarian caner a subset analysis of a randomized double blind placebo controlled phase ii clinical trial", "authors": "Daniel Spinosa, Stacy M. Fischer, Richard J. Zeifman, Carolyn Lefkowits, Petros Petridis, Stephen Ross", "abstract": "", "journal": "International Journal of Gynecological Cancer", "publication_date": "2024-09-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2024-igcs.54", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2024-igcs.54", "keywords": "Double blind, Psilocybin, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405447055\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405447055\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088233648\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Spinosa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000572590\",\"display_name\":\"Stacy M. Fischer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-7576\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000949886\",\"display_name\":\"Richard J. Zeifman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-4483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070085122\",\"display_name\":\"Carolyn Lefkowits\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7478-9169\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042534014\",\"display_name\":\"Petros Petridis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7608-5723\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S41026820\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2024-igcs.54\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405447055" }, { "id": 1000, "title": "Artificial intelligence and psychedelic medicine.", "normalized_title": "artificial intelligence and psychedelic medicine", "authors": "Sarris J, Halman A, Urokohara A, Lehrner M, Perkins D", "abstract": "Artificial intelligence (AI) and psychedelic medicines are among the most high-profile evolving disruptive innovations within mental healthcare in recent years. Although AI and psychedelics may not have historically shared any common ground, there exists the potential for these subjects to combine in generating innovative mental health treatment approaches. In order to inform our perspective, we conducted a scoping review of relevant literature up to late August 2024 via PubMed intersecting AI with psychomedical use of psychedelics. Our perspective covers the potential application of AI in psychedelic medicine for: drug discovery and clinical trial optimization (including pharmacodynamics); study design; understanding psychedelic experiences; personalization of treatments; clinical screening, delivery, and follow-up (potentially delivered via chatbots/apps); application of psychological preparation, integration, and general mental health support; its role in enhancing treatment via brain modulatory devices (including virtual reality and haptic suits); and the consideration of ethical and security safeguards. Challenges include the need for sufficient data protection and security, and a range of necessary ethical protections. Future avenues of exploration could involve directly administering psychedelics (or providing algorithm-generated effects) to inorganic AI-interfaced neural networks that may exceed human brain activity (i.e., cognitive capacity) and intelligence.", "journal": "Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences", "publication_date": "2024-09-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1111/nyas.15229", "pubmed_id": "39308441", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39308441/", "keywords": "AI, DMT, computational psychiatry, disruptive innovation, machine learning, natural language processing, psilocybin, virtual reality", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"39308441\"}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1016, "title": "Psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time: computational modelling of behaviour in rats", "normalized_title": "psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time computational modelling of behaviour in rats", "authors": "Elizabeth L. Fisher, Ryan Smith, Kyna-Anne Conn, Andrew W. Corcoran, Laura K Milton, Jakob Hohwy, Claire J. Foldi", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise as a novel pharmacological intervention for treatment of depression, where post-acute effects of psilocybin treatment have been associated with increased positive mood and decreased pessimism. Although psilocybin is proving to be effective in clinical trials for treatment of psychiatric disorders, the information processing mechanisms affected by psilocybin are not well understood. Here, we fit active inference and reinforcement learning computational models to a novel two-armed bandit reversal learning task capable of capturing engagement behaviour in rats. The model revealed that after receiving psilocybin, rats achieve more rewards through increased task engagement, mediated by modification of forgetting rates and reduced loss aversion. These findings suggest that psilocybin may afford an optimism bias that arises through altered belief updating, with translational potential for clinical populations characterised by lack of optimism.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-09-29", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-024-03103-7", "pubmed_id": "39349428", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-024-03103-7", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Cognitive psychology, Psychotherapist, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402975017\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402975017\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":14,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1519457851\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951245330\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966037459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000576846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015005796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045833919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050383033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066463984\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070972521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080439366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080737120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083254456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096022216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113257799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113338864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117107695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129972322\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140308441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140641091\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147335186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152437364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156653674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166385830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168359464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170487891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172647928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2176365174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2276520418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293194104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2511946169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2522341857\",\"https://openalex.org/W2535059860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2550455161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552810632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2597330569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623815636\",\"https://openalex.org/W2746329718\",\"https://openalex.org/W2765691357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2783542416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793943160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801086494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806513910\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889504249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2893663527\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944624840\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952908749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964026977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990427812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003886363\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109908198\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118769118\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139430135\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146164047\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210522543\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210540540\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226023986\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226400653\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232964083\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238293282\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282916454\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286684975\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293462124\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294281159\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295138812\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297460559\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312129061\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321377299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395688958\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089758560\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth L. Fisher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9557-9291\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002511145\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Smith\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-185X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016384733\",\"display_name\":\"Kyna-Anne Conn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-7885\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035909452\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew W. Corcoran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-4883\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010010872\",\"display_name\":\"Laura K Milton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1664-8337\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083789193\",\"display_name\":\"Jakob Hohwy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3906-3060\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003584852\",\"display_name\":\"Claire J. Foldi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-8242\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-024-03103-7\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402975017" }, { "id": 3546, "title": "The Effects of Psilocybin on Shared Experience in Film Processing", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on shared experience in film processing", "authors": "Western University, Canada", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether certain methods of detecting awareness in vegetative or minimally conscious patients (using neuroimaging) are sensitive to the effects of psilocybin (a psychedelic drug). One of these methods includes scanning peoples\\' brains while they watch a film. When different individuals watch a film, their brains become synchronized with each other as they watch the plot unfold. Most importantly, if a seemingly unconscious patient also shows the same brain-synchronization, it means they might actually be conscious and aware. To approach this goal, the investigators will be carrying out this trial in healthy volunteers. This will help better understand whether psilocybin may be a potential treatment for restoring awareness in these patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does psilocybin enhance or diminish brain synchrony during a film? * Do changes in brain synchrony reflect differences in each individual\\'s conscious experience? Participants will be asked to: * Attend two brain scanning sessions and watch a series of film clips, perform a brief mental imagery task, and listen to music - once under a placebo, and once under psilocybin. * Play a series of games that assess their cognition (memory, reasoning, planning, etc.). * Perform a series of visual illusions tasks.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-09-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06529939", "keywords": "Disorders of Consciousness, Psychedelic Experiences, Psilocybin, Placebo, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06529939\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Consciousness,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 859, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin for U.S. military Veterans with severe treatment-resistant depression - A first-in-kind open-label pilot study", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for u s military veterans with severe treatment resistant depression a first in kind open label pilot study", "authors": "Sara Ellis, Catherine Bostian, Wendy Feng, E. Grace Fischer, Garrett Schwartz, Katherine Eisen, Melanie Lean, Elizabeth Conlan, Michael J. Ostacher, Scott T. Aaronson, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2024-09-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.133", "pubmed_id": "39343309", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.133", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Open label, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Major depressive disorder, Hallucinogen, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Mood, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":23,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W51667955\",\"https://openalex.org/W243214355\",\"https://openalex.org/W1930885864\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983358521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101820111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120460120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131138282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2187253811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2299625574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2488476603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582743722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605671917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735979276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792996600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943680648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990746697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152628277\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157759986\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159380864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220907301\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229001506\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281687410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296360598\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388574768\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W6602114720\",\"https://openalex.org/W6640345670\",\"https://openalex.org/W6736394996\",\"https://openalex.org/W6790052311\",\"https://openalex.org/W6859220916\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108335177\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Ellis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107647965\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bostian\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103133978\",\"display_name\":\"Wendy Feng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8664-9745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021555908\",\"display_name\":\"E. Grace Fischer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108992233\",\"display_name\":\"Garrett Schwartz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052980069\",\"display_name\":\"Katherine Eisen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-4002\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078628093\",\"display_name\":\"Melanie Lean\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3654-9914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107534089\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Conlan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064731301\",\"display_name\":\"Michael J. Ostacher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0353-7535\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006219749\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.133\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402912774" }, { "id": 997, "title": "Effect of psilocybin versus escitalopram on depression symptom severity in patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder: observational 6-month follow-up of a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin versus escitalopram on depression symptom severity in patients with moderate to severe major depressive disorder observational 6 month follow up of a phase 2 double blind randomised controlled trial", "authors": "David Erritzøe, Tommaso Barba, Kyle T. Greenway, Roberta Murphy, Jonny Martell, Bruna Giribaldi, Christopher Timmermann, Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner, Michelle Baker Jones, David Nutt, Brandon Weiss, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin therapy (PT) produces rapid and persistent antidepressant effects in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the long-term effects of PT have never been compared with gold-standard treatments for MDD such as pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy alone or in combination. Methods: This is a 6-month follow-up study of a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial involving patients with moderate-to-severe MDD. Participants were recruited from a hospital in the UK. Male or female patients with major depressive disorder (DSM-IV), moderate to severe depression (HAM-D ≥17), no MRI or SSRI contraindications, confirmed diagnosis by a GP or mental healthcare professional, aged 18-80, and competent in English were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either two 25 mg doses of the psychedelic drug psilocybin administered orally combined with psychological support ('psilocybin therapy' or PT) and book-ended by further support or a 6-week course of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram (administered daily at 10 mg for three weeks and 20 mg for the subsequent three weeks) plus matched psychological support ('escitalopram treatment' or ET). The primary outcome measure was change from baseline in the score on the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR-16) at week 6, which has been reported previously. Herein, we present results at the 6-month follow-up time point. Measures of social functioning, connectedness, and meaning in life constituted the study's secondary outcomes during follow-up. Safety in the follow-up period was not assessed. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03429075. Findings: Between January 15th, 2019 and March 20th, 2020, 59 patients were enrolled and 30 (11 females [37%] and 19 males [63%]) were assigned to the psilocybin group and 29 (9 females [31%] and 20 males [69%]) to the escitalopram group. 25 participants in the PT group and 21 in the ET group completed the 6-month follow-up. At the 6-month follow-up, both PT and ET conditions yielded sustained improvements in depressive symptom severity. The mean between-condition difference in QIDS-SR-16 scores at 6-months was 1.51 (95% CI: -1.35, 4.38; p = 0.311). Secondary outcomes demonstrated that PT had greater mean between-condition differences in functioning (WSAS: -7.46; 95% CI: -12.4, -2.47; p < 0.001), psychological connectedness (WCS: 11.02; 95% CI: 1.25, 20.83; p = 0.033), and meaning in life (MLQ: 4.86; 95% CI: 0.67, 9.05; p = 0.021) compared to ET. Interpretation: Six-week intensive treatments with either psilocybin or escitalopram (with psychological support) for MDD were associated with long-term improvements in depressive symptom severity. The greater degree of improvement in the PT arm at follow-up on psychosocial functioning, meaning in life, and psychological connectedness suggests warrant future research. However, these results are descriptive and should be interpreted with caution. Key limitations of the study include its suboptimal power to detect small but meaningful differences between treatments, missing data, the potential use of additional interventions during the follow-up period, and reliance on self-reported treatment assessments. These factors may affect the interpretation of the study findings and should be considered when evaluating the results. Funding: The Alexander Mosley Charitable Trust and by the founding partners of Imperial College London's Centre for Psychedelic Research.", "journal": "EClinicalMedicine", "publication_date": "2024-09-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102799", "pubmed_id": "39764567", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102799", "keywords": "Medicine, Escitalopram, Observational study, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Double blind, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Internal medicine, Placebo, Alternative medicine, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Mood, Pathology, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":45,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W243214355\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974739407\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977897138\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981738711\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983358521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013523345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063225659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082645015\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096230543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101540672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102133850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105435220\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110065044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115086661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115905656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129310294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140505555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2201421223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2277633149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293194104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346275821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519531315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605671917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2787695989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804876758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2908544178\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912654919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940262672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971304551\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031742716\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046057820\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182390788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203310594\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200330438\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220790925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223962004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313251651\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323567563\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323652410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379284995\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382182909\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385173317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391630740\",\"https://openalex.org/W6736394996\",\"https://openalex.org/W6748127778\",\"https://openalex.org/W6850232825\",\"https://openalex.org/W6853949751\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005427567\",\"display_name\":\"Tommaso Barba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-4628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086630833\",\"display_name\":\"Kyle T. Greenway\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-493X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111666675\",\"display_name\":\"Roberta Murphy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055329548\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-377X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113396956\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113982589\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015600817\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898347799\",\"source_display_name\":\"EClinicalMedicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102799\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Contraindications", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402747955" }, { "id": 974, "title": "Low-dose psilocybin in short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks: results from an open-label phase Ib ascending dose study", "normalized_title": "low dose psilocybin in short lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks results from an open label phase ib ascending dose study", "authors": "James Rucker, Matthew Butler, Sadie Hambleton, Catherine Bird, Mathieu Seynaeve, Sanjay Cheema, Kete Campbell-Coker, Carolina Maggio, Fiona Dunbar, Giorgio Lambru, Manjit Matharu", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks (SUNHA) are trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias that feature intense and recurrent paroxysms of pain and autonomic symptoms. Many patients are left with debilitating symptoms despite best-available treatment. Psychedelics, such as the serotonin 2A partial agonist psilocybin, have shown promise in related disorders such as migraine and cluster headache. In this open-label phase Ib ascending dose study, we aimed to assess the effects of low-dose oral psilocybin with psychological support in six to 12 patients with chronic SUNHA. Study objectives were to determine effects on cognition, as well as safety, tolerability, and effects on headache severity and frequency. METHODS: Oral psilocybin in ascending doses of 5, 7.5, and 10 mg (one dose per session; three dosing sessions in total) were administered. Cognition was assessed via the Cambridge Neuropsychological Tests Automated Battery. Headache attacks were assessed via headache diaries and the six-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6). Subjective dose intensity was assessed via the five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire (5D-ASC). The study was terminated early due to recruitment difficulties; four patients were enrolled, three of whom were study completers. Post hoc, we undertook a thematic analysis of the applicable free-text clinical trial notes from the dosing and subsequent visits (n = 22). An inductive method was employed to establish emergent themes. RESULTS: No significant adverse events were recorded. We were unable to collect data as planned on cognitive function during the acute experience due to high ratings of subjective dose intensity (mean 5D-ASC scores 37.8-45.7). The impact of the headaches remained severe throughout the duration of the trial (HIT-6 mean scores 64.3-65.7). There were limited effects on headache duration and severity based on the diaries; however, mean daily attack frequency decreased by >50% in two participants at final follow-up (22.9 to 11.0 and 56.4 to 28.0, respectively). Completing participants and their clinicians recorded \"much\" (two participants) or \"minimal\" improvements (one participant) at final follow-up via the Clinical Global Impression rating scale. Thematic analysis indicated that psychological insights were key features of participants' experience; these insights included re-configured relationships to their headache pain. CONCLUSION: The study met with recruitment difficulties and cognition could not be assessed during the acute experience due to subjective dose intensity, likely mediated in part by expectancy effects. The clinical results provide no conclusive evidence for the use of psilocybin in SUNHA. We suggest that accounting for psychological factors in chronic SUNHA may be an important facet of treatment.", "journal": "Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain", "publication_date": "2024-09-19", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1111/head.14837", "pubmed_id": "39301810", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14837", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tolerability, Medicine, Migraine, Anesthesia, Adverse effect, Internal medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Migraine and Headache Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402697828\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402697828\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1532044842\",\"https://openalex.org/W1742833546\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984379622\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999460576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002681598\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022233689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049199131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068058964\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134578184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151828427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2361632205\",\"https://openalex.org/W2797337501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801085490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804789712\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895315021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982708806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023228010\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025954068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116233806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169261903\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207135103\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220758381\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292117563\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297497355\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309832620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318913756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391036082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037837514\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Butler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-6539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107421289\",\"display_name\":\"Sadie Hambleton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033191459\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bird\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-6931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063914720\",\"display_name\":\"Mathieu Seynaeve\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069926672\",\"display_name\":\"Sanjay Cheema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5438-6549\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071185535\",\"display_name\":\"Kete Campbell-Coker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047075726\",\"display_name\":\"Carolina Maggio\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-5557\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015903430\",\"display_name\":\"Fiona Dunbar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023034194\",\"display_name\":\"Giorgio Lambru\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2780-4776\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016058429\",\"display_name\":\"Manjit Matharu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4960-2294\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S96331937\",\"source_display_name\":\"Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14837\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402697828" }, { "id": 1018, "title": "Psychedelic research at a crossroads.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic research at a crossroads", "authors": "Armstrong SB, Davis AK.", "abstract": "There is an urgent need to develop better treatments for mental health conditions that affect one in every eight people in the world. To combat this concern, psychedelic drugs have been combined with psychotherapy and studied in clinical trials in the United States and Europe. Psychedelics are hallucinogenic drugs that alter brain activity and facilitate altered states of consciousness. The proposed benefits of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) include relatively short treatment times and stronger effects compared to other treatments. Although results of trials using MDMA for trauma or psilocybin for depression are promising, PAT is controversial because many questions about its safety and effectiveness are unanswered. This is evident in the recent ruling by the US Food and Drug Administration against the approval of MDMA therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder and the retraction of several papers about MDMA trials owing to unethical conduct by study therapists and data integrity, among other concerns. This field is at a crossroads, and the research community must address several obstacles to transition from exploratory trials to established, evidence-based treatments while avoiding pitfalls that can hinder advancement.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1126/science.adt1024", "pubmed_id": "39298596", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adt1024", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Drug Approval, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, United States Food and Drug Administration, United States, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39298596\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4551, "title": "Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Mental Disorders: Systematic Review of Clinal Trials", "normalized_title": "use of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders systematic review of clinal trials", "authors": "Danielle B Rodrigues", "abstract": "Title: Use of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders: systematic review of clinical trials. Objective: To evaluate the high-impact evidence on the neurobiology, efficacy, safety, and feasibility of using psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), smoking, and alcoholism", "journal": "Journal of Complementary Medicine & Alternative Healthcare", "publication_date": "2024-09-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.19080/jcmah.2024.13.555852", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.19080/jcmah.2024.13.555852", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408545862\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408545862\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Danielle B Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210238017\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Complementary Medicine & Alternative Healthcare\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.19080/jcmah.2024.13.555852\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408545862" }, { "id": 950, "title": "New frontiers in the biosynthesis of psychoactive specialized metabolites.", "normalized_title": "new frontiers in the biosynthesis of psychoactive specialized metabolites", "authors": "Li G, Facchini PJ.", "abstract": "The recent relaxation of psychedelic drug regulations has prompted extensive clinical investigation into their potential use to treat diverse mental health conditions including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and substance-abuse disorders. Most clinical trials have relied on a small number of known molecules found in nature, such as psilocybin, or long-known synthetic analogs of natural metabolites, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Elucidation of biosynthetic pathways leading to several psychedelic compounds has established an opportunity to use synthetic biology as a complement to synthetic chemistry for the preparation of novel derivatives with potentially superior pharmacological properties compared with known drugs. Herein we review the metabolic biochemistry of pathways from plants, fungi and animals that yield the medicinally important hallucinogenic specialized metabolites ibogaine, mescaline, psilocybin, lysergic acid, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). We also summarize the reconstitution of these pathways in microorganisms and comment on the integration of native and non-native enzymes to prepare novel derivatives.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-15", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102626", "pubmed_id": "39288539", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102626", "keywords": "Animals, Fungi, Plants, Hallucinogens, Biosynthetic Pathways", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39288539\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 553, "title": "Pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin, a Tryptamine Alkaloid in Magic Mushroom (Psilocybe cubensis): A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "pharmacokinetics of psilocybin a tryptamine alkaloid in magic mushroom psilocybe cubensis a systematic review", "authors": "Thaoboonruang N, Lohitnavy M, Lohitnavy O.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a major indole alkaloid found in magic mushrooms (Psilocybe cubensis), has recently drawn attention as a breakthrough therapy to treat major depressive disorder. This review aimed to summarize and identify knowledge gaps concerning their pharmacokinetic characteristics of psilocybin and its active metabolite, psilocin. Original studies related to pharmacokinetics of psilocybin conducted in vitro, animals, and humans were systematically collected from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, from their inceptions to November 2023. Twenty articles were included in this work and assessed for study quality. A comprehensive review of the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin and psilocin in both animals and humans was performed. Psilocybin is considered a prodrug that is dephosphorylated to psilocin by alkaline phosphatase. Following ingestion, the peak psilocin plasma and brain levels were rapidly achieved in a dose-dependent manner. Psilocin is metabolized primarily through both Phase I and Phase II processes with the half-life of 2-3 hours. This review also identified lack of some pharmacokinetic related information and limitations of available research that may help direct future investigations to better understand the pharmacokinetics and improve study design including dose selection and dosage optimization.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2024.2399128", "pubmed_id": "39257234", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2024.2399128", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Psilocybe, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39257234\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 867, "title": "The immunomodulatory effects of classical psychedelics: A systematic review of preclinical studies.", "normalized_title": "the immunomodulatory effects of classical psychedelics a systematic review of preclinical studies", "authors": "Low ZXB, Ng WS, Lim ESY, Goh BH, Kumari Y.", "abstract": "Emerging evidence suggests that classical psychedelics possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties; however, these effects are yet to be well-established. This systematic review aims to provide a timely and comprehensive overview of the immunomodulatory effects of classical psychedelics in preclinical studies. A systematic search was conducted on six databases, including CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eligible studies targeting classical psychedelics for evaluation of their effects on inflammatory markers and immunomodulation have been included for analysis. Data was extracted from 40 out of 2822 eligible articles, and their risk of bias was assessed using the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool and Quality Assessment Tool for In Vitro Studies (QUIN). Studies examined 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI; n = 18); psilocybin (4-PO-DMT; n = 9); N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT; n = 8); lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD; n = 6); 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT; n = 3); psilocin (4-HO-DMT; n = 3); and mescaline (n = 2). In 36 studies where inflammatory cytokine levels were measured following psychedelic administration, a decrease in at least one inflammatory cytokine was observed in 29 studies. Immune cell activity was assessed in 10 studies and findings were mixed, with an equal number of studies (n = 5 out of 10) reporting either an increase or decrease in immune cell activity. Classical psychedelics were found to alleviate pre-existing inflammation but promote inflammation when administered under normal physiological conditions. This information is anticipated to inform future clinical trials, exploring classical psychedelics' potential to alleviate inflammation in various pathologies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111139", "pubmed_id": "39251080", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111139", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Immunologic Factors, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Immunomodulation, Immunomodulating Agents", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39251080\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4556, "title": "Usage of Psilocybin to Treat Huntington's Disease: A Research Protocol", "normalized_title": "usage of psilocybin to treat huntington s disease a research protocol", "authors": "Cynthia Duan, Navid Farkhondehpay, Viana Safa, Emma Yuan", "abstract": "Introduction: Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease that causes significant amounts of neuron death in the brain. It is a genetic disorder, resulting from the over-repetition of the CAG sequence in the gene that codes for the huntingtin protein. Currently, there are no viable cures or treatments to slow or stop the progression of this disorder, making it a target candidate for treatment research. However, given the difficulty and complexity of in treating the genetic cause of HD in adults, a more viable approach may involve treating the resulting neurodegeneration with neuroprotective compounds, such as psilocybin. As such, our study proposes the usage of psilocybin to treat HD due to its neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and neuroplastic effects, resulting in a decreased rate of neuron loss and increased synaptic density. Methods: We propose an in-vivo experiment using several groups of zQ175 knock-in (KI) mice, which will mimic HD in the mice. Following 8 weeks, the mice’s brains will be extracted at different time intervals to analyze the progression of neuronal death using histology and immunohistochemistry, which should inform us about the progression of HD in the different groups of mice. Moreover, throughout this experiment, the motor control of the mice will be observed using the rotarod test, the raised beam test, and the footprint test. Data from these tests will act as behavioral markers for HD, providing an alternate source of information on the progression of HD in the mice. Expected Results: KI mice are expected to have lower rates of neuronal death, higher amounts of synaptic density, and higher scores on average across the three motor behavior tests, compared to the non-treated KI mice. Discussion: These results could provide insight into potential treatments for slowing the progression of HD. If successful, possible next steps could be to determine the efficacy of psilocybin in clinical trials for HD. Conclusion: This study is expected to provide information on the usage of psilocybin as a treatment for HD. If the expected results are obtained, psilocybin may help improve the quality of life for those afflicted with HD.", "journal": "Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology (URNCST) Journal", "publication_date": "2024-09-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.26685/urncst.644", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.26685/urncst.644", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Huntington's disease, Protocol (science), Disease, Computer science, Psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402270940\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402270940\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113369134\",\"display_name\":\"Cynthia Duan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107015921\",\"display_name\":\"Navid Farkhondehpay\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107015922\",\"display_name\":\"Viana Safa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107015923\",\"display_name\":\"Emma Yuan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306533725\",\"source_display_name\":\"Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology (URNCST) Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.26685/urncst.644\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Neuroplasticity,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402270940" }, { "id": 1026, "title": "Understanding Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy Providers' Perspective and Insights: A Qualitative Analysis.", "normalized_title": "understanding psychedelic assisted psychotherapy providers perspective and insights a qualitative analysis", "authors": "Smith CL, Sackett N, Stark BC, Dinh V, Romesburg EW, Roll J", "abstract": "There is increasing interest in the use of psychedelics for therapeutic and recreational use. Research has been hindered by federal prohibition, put in place in 1970. Despite the regulatory difficulty, research has rapidly expanded in the past decade. Multiple states and cities have drafted their own policies regarding the use of psychedelics. Assuming interest in psychedelics continues to expand; every opportunity should be explored to better understand how psychedelics may be helping or harming people. This study examined underground psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy providers' protocols and perspectives, to better inform policy and public health, as psychedelics increasingly are used in the United States. Transcripts of interviews were examined through qualitative content analysis. The following four themes were identified: (1) personal experiences and self-healing motivated sharing and promotion of the positive effects of psychedelics as an expression of altruism, (2) guides articulated consistent, yet flexible processes, (3) guides believed that the client benefit was actualized through their own intrinsic ability to heal themselves, and (4) guides expressed an overwhelming sense of dissonance regarding psychedelic legalization, not only desiring increased access and decreased risk but also expressing concern about potential negative impacts on provider flexibility, and depersonalization that could come with standardizing this field of practice. In order for current research and policy to be best informed, information must be gathered from both clinical trials and observational studies of current practice. This study identified themes within the latter to provide perspectives, practices, and insights of current underground practice, so it can be used to inform research and policy moving forward.", "journal": "Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.)", "publication_date": "2024-08-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0074", "pubmed_id": "40051684", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40051684/", "keywords": "LSD, MDMA, empathogen, psilocybin, psychedelic facilitators", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40051684\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1003, "title": "The role of psilocybin in depressive disorders.", "normalized_title": "the role of psilocybin in depressive disorders", "authors": "Najib J.", "abstract": "Depression is a serious psychiatric disorder with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality and psilocybin with psychotherapy has emerged as a promising potential in the treatment of depressive disorders. A review of psilocybin use in patients with depressive disorders is presented.A search was conducted investigating the use of psilocybin in patients with depressive disorders and treatment resistant depression via PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar in October 2023; all publication types were permitted and limited for English-language. Keyword search terms included: \"psilocybin\" or \"psychedelics\" and \"depression\", or \"major depressive disorder\", or \"treatment-resistant depression\". Controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials utilizing psilocybin with psychological support for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression, as well as in patients with depression and cancer related anxiety have demonstrated immediate and sustained antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Psilocybin has a favorable safety profile and was well-tolerated in clinical trials. Psilocybin's abuse potential is low and clinical research suggests the potential of psilocybin to produce rapid and lasting antidepressant effects up to 12 months post-treatment. Psilocybin may offer a valuable contribution as an option to the currently available pharmacological and psychotherapeutic agents for patients with major depressive disorders, treatment-resistant depression as well as for patients with depression and comorbid terminal cancer. Future studies are needed to demonstrate these findings and any synergistic interaction between psilocybin and the psychological support offered to patients during sessions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/03007995.2024.2396536", "pubmed_id": "39177339", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2396536", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39177339\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3141, "title": "The phenomenology of psilocybin’s experience mediates subsequent persistent psychological effects independently of sex, previous experience or setting", "normalized_title": "the phenomenology of psilocybin s experience mediates subsequent persistent psychological effects independently of sex previous experience or setting", "authors": "Klučková T, Nikolič M, Tylš F, Viktorin V, Vejmola Č, Viktorinová M, Bravermanová A, Androvičová R, Andrashko V, Korčák J, Zach P, Hájková K, Kuchař M, Balíková M, Brunovský M, Horáček J, Páleníček T.", "abstract": "Background Recent studies have intensively explored the potential antidepressant effects of psilocybin. However, important variables such as previous experience, repeated administration, setting and sex remain underexplored. This study describes the acute psilocybin experience and long-term effects in a small sample of healthy individuals. Methods In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, 40 healthy participants (20 females, mean age 38, sd 8) received two doses of psilocybin 0.26 mg/kg per os at least 56 days apart (mean 354 days) in two study arms (EEG and fMRI). Near half of participants had experience with psychedelics. The Altered State of Consciousness Scale (ASC) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) on emotional valence of the phenomenology assessed acute phenomenology. The Persisting Effects Questionnaire (PEQ) assessed long- term effects. Venous blood samples were taken to measure serum psilocin levels. Results All results were independent of previous experience, sex, EEG or fMRI arm/setting. Acute psychedelic effects were of moderate intensity on ASC. The VAS showed mostly pleasant and fluctuating, and only one unpleasant only experience. All experiences resolved in a positive or neutral state at the end of the session. Psilocybin induced sustained positive effects on all domains of the PEQ, with negligible negative effects. Oceanic Boundlessness and Visual Restructuralization were associated with positive effects on PEQ. Contrary to expectations, Dread of Ego Dissolution, typically associated with fearful experiences, was not associated with PEQ negative outcomes. The type of experience (pleasant or mixed) did not correlate with the intensity or direction of the lasting effect; however, peak experiences culminating in a positive mood were associated with positive long- term effects. Conclusion In our sample repeated administration of psilocybin to healthy volunteers, induces positive, lasting effects. This underscores the psychological safety of psilocybin in a laboratory setting and supports its repeated use in clinical trials. In particular, challenging or anxiety-provoking experiences in controlled environments did not lead to adverse long-term outcomes. Clinical trial registration: EudraCT 2012-004579-37, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2012-004579-37/CZ.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-08-25", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.08.26.24311611", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.26.24311611", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR902135\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3075, "title": "­­­­Single-Dose Psilocybin Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: Pharmacokinetics, Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy in an Open-Label Study", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin therapy for alcohol use disorder pharmacokinetics feasibility safety and efficacy in an open label study", "authors": "Jensen ME, Stenbæk DS, Messell CD, Poulsen ED, Varga TV, Fisher PM, Nielsen MKK, Johansen SS, Volkow ND, Knudsen GM, Fink-Jensen A.", "abstract": "Abstract Background Psilocybin, a serotonin 2A receptor agonist with psychedelic properties, shows promise as a novel treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). While current studies involve two dosing sessions, the effects a single dose have not been investigated. Aims To investigate the pharmacokinetics, feasibility, safety, and efficacy of single-dose psilocybin therapy in AUD. Methods This open-label, single-group study investigated single-dose psilocybin therapy in ten treatment-seeking adults (eight men and two women; median age 44 years) with severe AUD. The treatment involved two preparation sessions, a high-dose psilocybin session (25 mg), and two integration sessions. Pharmacokinetics were determined by noncompartmental analysis, and changes in alcohol consumption, craving and self-efficacy, were assessed with a linear mixed model. Results Notable between-participant pharmacokinetic variations were observed, with peak plasma psilocin concentrations ranging from 14-59 µg/L. Alcohol consumption significantly decreased over the 12 weeks following psilocybin administration. Heavy drinking days were reduced by 37.5 percentage points (95% CI, -61.1, -13.9, p = 0.005), and drinks per day decreased by 3.4 units (95% CI: -6.5, -0.3), p = 0.035). This was corroborated by reports of rapid and sustained reductions in craving and increases in self-efficacy. Conclusions Despite pharmacokinetic variations, a single 25 mg psilocybin dose was safe and effective in reducing alcohol consumption in AUD patients. Larger randomised, placebo-controlled, single-dose AUD trials are warranted. Funding This work was supported by The Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF19OC0058412), The Lundbeck Foundation (R-355-2020-945), The Health Foundation(21-B-0358) and The Ivan Nielsen Foundation. Clinical trial registration: NCT05347849", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2024-08-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-4947184/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4947184/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR899973\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 923, "title": "Classic psychedelics and the treatment for alcoholism.", "normalized_title": "classic psychedelics and the treatment for alcoholism", "authors": "Lodetti G, de Bitencourt RM, Rico EP.", "abstract": "Alcohol is a harmful drug, and reducing its consumption is a significant challenge for users. Furthermore, alcohol dependence is often treatment-resistant, and no completely effective treatment model is available for chemical dependence. Classic psychedelics, such as LSD, psilocybin, and ayahuasca have been used in different clinical and pre-clinical trials, demonstrating promising pharmacotherapeutic effects in the treatment of treatment-resistant psychopathological conditions, such as addiction, especially related to alcohol dependence. In this work, we conducted a narrative review of the emerging research regarding the potential of psychedelics for alcohol use disorder treatment. Psychedelic substances have demonstrated potential for treating drug addiction, especially AUD, mostly by modulating neuroplasticity in the brain. Given that serotonergic psychedelics do not produce physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms with repeated use, they may be considered promising treatment options for managing drug use disorders. However, certain limitations could be found. Although many participants achieve positive results with only one treatment dose in clinical studies, great inter-individual variability exists in the duration of these effects. Therefore, further studies using different doses and experimental protocols should be conducted to enhance evidence about psychedelic substances.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111129", "pubmed_id": "39181308", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111129", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Alcoholism, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39181308\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1049, "title": "Comparative oral monotherapy of psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, ayahuasca, and escitalopram for depressive symptoms: systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "comparative oral monotherapy of psilocybin lysergic acid diethylamide 3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine ayahuasca and escitalopram for depressive symptoms systematic review and bayesian network meta analysis", "authors": "Hsu TW, Tsai CK, Kao YC, Thompson T, Carvalho AF, Yang FC, Tseng PT, Hsu CW, Yu CL, Tu YK, Liang CS.", "abstract": "ObjectiveTo evaluate the comparative effectiveness and acceptability of oral monotherapy using psychedelics and escitalopram in patients with depressive symptoms, considering the potential for overestimated effectiveness due to unsuccessful blinding.DesignSystematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.Data sourcesMedline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrial.gov, and World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from database inception to 12 October 2023.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials on psychedelics or escitalopram in adults with depressive symptoms. Eligible randomised controlled trials of psychedelics (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (known as MDMA), lysergic acid diethylamide (known as LSD), psilocybin, or ayahuasca) required oral monotherapy with no concomitant use of antidepressants.Data extraction and synthesisThe primary outcome was change in depression, measured by the 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale. The secondary outcomes were all cause discontinuation and severe adverse events. Severe adverse events were those resulting in any of a list of negative health outcomes including, death, admission to hospital, significant or persistent incapacity, congenital birth defect or abnormality, and suicide attempt. Data were pooled using a random effects model within a Bayesian framework. To avoid estimation bias, placebo responses were distinguished between psychedelic and antidepressant trials.ResultsPlacebo response in psychedelic trials was lower than that in antidepression trials of escitalopram (mean difference -3.90 (95% credible interval -7.10 to -0.96)). Although most psychedelics were better than placebo in psychedelic trials, only high dose psilocybin was better than placebo in antidepression trials of escitalopram (mean difference 6.45 (3.19 to 9.41)). However, the effect size (standardised mean difference) of high dose psilocybin decreased from large (0.88) to small (0.31) when the reference arm changed from placebo response in the psychedelic trials to antidepressant trials. The relative effect of high dose psilocybin was larger than escitalopram at 10 mg (4.66 (95% credible interval 1.36 to 7.74)) and 20 mg (4.69 (1.64 to 7.54)). None of the interventions was associated with higher all cause discontinuation or severe adverse events than the placebo.ConclusionsOf the available psychedelic treatments for depressive symptoms, patients treated with high dose psilocybin showed better responses than those treated with placebo in the antidepressant trials, but the effect size was small.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, CRD42023469014.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-20", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1136/bmj-2023-078607", "pubmed_id": "39168500", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078607", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Administration, Oral, Bayes Theorem, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39168500\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1021, "title": "Current Trends in Psychedelic Science: Integrating Modified Lysergic Acid Derivatives and Psilocybin in Modern Medicine.", "normalized_title": "current trends in psychedelic science integrating modified lysergic acid derivatives and psilocybin in modern medicine", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "This article explores groundbreaking advancements in psychedelic research, highlighting the development of novel lysergic acid derivatives with modified LSD-like actions and innovative dosing methods based on ABCF1 gene expression for psilocybin. It also examines new strategies for treating binge eating disorder using psychedelics and techniques for neuroenhancement to enhance emotional responses. These developments offer fresh insights into the therapeutic potential of psychedelics, underscoring their significance in personalized medicine and mental health treatment. The article delves into the implications of these novel approaches, signaling a transformative phase in the application of psychedelics in clinical settings.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-20", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00414", "pubmed_id": "39291015", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00414", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39291015\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3268, "title": "A virtual clinical trial of psychedelics to treat patients with disorders of consciousness", "normalized_title": "a virtual clinical trial of psychedelics to treat patients with disorders of consciousness", "authors": "Alnagger NL, Cardone P, Martial C, Sanz Perl Y, Mindlin I, Sitt JD, Roseman L, Carhart-Harris R, Nutt D, Mallaroni P, Mason NL, Ramaekers JG, Bonhomme V, Laureys S, Deco G, Gosseries O, Nunez P, Annen J.", "abstract": "Disorders of consciousness (DoC), including the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and the minimally conscious state (MCS), have limited treatment options. Recent research suggests that psychedelic drugs, known for their complexity-enhancing properties, could be promising treatments for DoC. This study uses whole-brain computational models to explore this potential. We created individualised models for DoC patients, optimised with empirical fMRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data, and simulated the administration of LSD and psilocybin. We used an in-silico perturbation protocol to distinguish between different states of consciousness, including DoC, anaesthesia, and the psychedelic state, and assess the dynamical stability of the brains of DoC patients pre- and post-psychedelic simulation. Our findings indicate that LSD and psilocybin shift DoC patients' brains closer to criticality, with a greater effect in MCS patients. In UWS patients, the treatment response correlates with structural connectivity, while in MCS patients, it aligns with baseline functional connectivity. This virtual clinical trial lays a computational foundation for using psychedelics in DoC treatment and highlights the future role of computational modelling in drug discovery and personalised medicine.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-08-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.08.16.608251", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.16.608251", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR897826\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Consciousness,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1051, "title": "Comparison between Single-Dose and Two-Dose Psilocybin Administration in the Treatment of Major Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "comparison between single dose and two dose psilocybin administration in the treatment of major depression a systematic review and meta analysis of current clinical trials", "authors": "Salvetti G, Saccenti D, Moro AS, Lamanna J, Ferro M.", "abstract": "Current pharmacological treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) are often only partially effective, with many patients experiencing no significant benefit, leading to treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Psilocybin, a classical serotonergic psychedelic, has emerged as a notable emerging treatment for such disorders. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize and discuss the most recent evidence about the therapeutic effects of single-dose and two-dose psilocybin administration on the severity of depressive symptoms, as well as compare the efficacy of these interventions among patients with a primary diagnosis of MDD or TRD. Articles were collected from EBSCOhost and PubMed following the PRISMA guidelines, yielding 425 articles with 138 duplicates. After screening 287 records, 12 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. A quantitative analysis of the studies indicates that psilocybin is highly effective in reducing depressive symptoms severity among patients with primary MDD or TRD. Both single-dose and two-dose psilocybin treatments significantly reduced depressive symptoms severity, with two-dose administration sometimes yielding more pronounced and lasting effects. However, it is unclear if this was solely due to dosage or other factors. Future research should include standardized trials comparing these dosing strategies to better inform clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci14080829", "pubmed_id": "39199520", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14080829", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39199520\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 980, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for existential distress: practical considerations for therapeutic application-a review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for existential distress practical considerations for therapeutic application a review", "authors": "Kim A, Halton B, Shah A, Seecof OM, Ross S.", "abstract": "Existential distress is commonly experienced by patients diagnosed with a life-threatening illness. This condition has been shown to adversely impact quality of life and is correlated with increased suicidal ideation and requests for hastened death. While palliative care teams are experienced in treating depression and anxiety, existential distress is a distinct clinical condition for which traditional medications and psychotherapy approaches demonstrate limited efficacy or duration of effect. Psychedelic drugs, including psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), in conjunction with psychotherapy have been shown to produce rapid and sustained reductions in existential and psychiatric distress and may be a promising treatment for patients facing existential distress in palliative care settings. In this narrative review article, we describe the history of psychedelic medicine including early studies and the modern wave of research over the past 20 years, which includes high quality clinical trial data. This review outlines specific considerations for therapeutic application of psilocybin including pharmacokinetics, patient selection, dosing, protocol designs, and safeguards to reduce potential adverse effects to help guide future psychedelic practitioners. With growing public interest and evolving state level policy reforms allowing access to psychedelic treatments, it is critical for palliative care providers to gain familiarity with the current state of science and the potential of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of existential distress.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-15", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.21037/apm-24-35", "pubmed_id": "39168642", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-24-35", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Palliative Care, Stress, Psychological, Existentialism, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39168642\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3428, "title": "A24-Week, Multicentre, Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Phase 2 Clinical Trial to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy in Adults With Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)", "normalized_title": "a24 week multicentre randomised double blind placebo controlled parallel group phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate efficacy and safety of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in adults with alcohol use disorder aud", "authors": "Clairvoyant Therapeutics", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate treatment with psilocybin and psychotherapy for the treatment of people with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). The main question\\[s\\] it aims to answer are: * Does treatment with psilocybin and therapy help reduce alcohol consumption more than placebo and therapy? * Is treatment with psilocybin and therapy safe for participants? Participants will * Attend 13 study visits * Take part in therapy sessions including 2 treatment sessions with either psilocybin or placebo * Record their daily alcohol consumption on study specific device Researchers will compare psilocybin and placebo groups to see if alcohol consumption is decreased.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-08-14", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05646303", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin, Placebo, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05646303\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1053, "title": "The association between diverse psychological protocols and the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy for clinical depressive symptoms: a Bayesian meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "the association between diverse psychological protocols and the efficacy of psilocybin assisted therapy for clinical depressive symptoms a bayesian meta analysis", "authors": "Chen MH, Cheng SL, Kao YC, Tseng PT, Hsu CW, Yu CL, Yang FC, Thompson T, Hsu TW, Liang CS.", "abstract": "ObjectivePsilocybin-assisted therapy has shown promising efficacy on clinical depressive symptoms. However, diverse psychological support or psychotherapy was performed with psilocybin treatment. This study aimed to explore the association of psychological protocols with the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy for depressive symptoms.MethodFive major databases were systemic searched for clinical trials addressing psilocybin-assisted therapy for patients with clinical depressive symptoms. A Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed. The effect size was mean difference (with 95% credible interval) measured by 17-Item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.ResultsThere were 10 eligible studies including 515 adult patients with clinically diagnosed depression. The psychological protocols could be categorized into four types: (i) manualized directive psychotherapy(k=1); (ii) manualized nondirective psychological support(k=3), (iii) non-manualized nondirective psychological support(k=5); and (iv) non-manualized supportive psychotherapy(k=1). The pooled standard mean difference of psilocybin-assisted therapy was 10.08 (5.03-14.70).ConclusionCompared with manualized nondirective psychological support, the other three psychological approaches did not differ significantly. The improvement of depressive symptoms was not associated with the psychological protocols in adult patients receiving psilocybin-assisted therapy.Systemic review registrationOpen Science Framework: identifier (osf.io/3YUDV).", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1439347", "pubmed_id": "39193583", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1439347", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39193583\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3467, "title": "PSilocybin for psYCHological and Existential Distress in PALliative Care (PSYCHED-PAL): A Multi-site, Open-label, Single Arm Phase I/II Proof-of-concept, Dose-finding, and Feasibility Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for psychological and existential distress in palliative care psyched pal a multi site open label single arm phase i ii proof of concept dose finding and feasibility clinical trial", "authors": "Ottawa Hospital Research Institute", "abstract": "The goal of this multi-centre phase I/II open-label, single-arm study is to determine the safety, feasibility, therapeutic dose, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin microdosing to treat psychological distress among patients with advanced illness. Forty patients will receive psilocybin drug product (1-3mg per day, Mon-Fri) for 4 weeks to be administered via oral capsules by the participant. Feasibility (recruitment rate, rate of intervention and follow-up completion), safety (rate of adverse events), dosing, and preliminary efficacy (depression, anxiety, overall well-being, and global impression of change) will be measured. Patients with advanced illness report feeling a sense of hopelessness, loss of autonomy and relationships, and a lack of purpose in life. These feelings of psychological suffering have been described as \"existential distress\" and are associated with poor outcomes, including decreased medication adherence and quality of life, increased desire for hastened death and rates of suicide, and has been identified as a primary reason why individuals pursue medical assistance in dying (MAiD). Current treatments for psychological and existential suffering have low efficacy and are challenging to use in a palliative context. Pharmacological approaches for treating psychological suffering may reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, but evidence to support their efficacy in palliative care (PC) is underwhelming. Antidepressant and anxiolytic medications also take time to work and can cause serious side effects such as falls and confusion, which can be substantial deterrents for patients. Similarly, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have demonstrated psychotherapeutic interventions show limited benefit in a PC population. Further, psychotherapy can be time consuming and slow to work, which is not ideal for patients with limited life expectancy. Given the burden of psychological and existential distress among patients followed by PC providers, there is a need to develop scalable, brief, and rapidly effective therapeutic approaches to reduce this distress. Psychedelic medications offer an innovative, safe, complementary approach to address psychological and existential suffering in patients receiving PC. Studies from the 1950's showed serotonergic hallucinogens (\"psychedelics\") improved depression and anxiety symptoms in cancer patients. However, legislative changes restricted the use of these medications in clinical care and research. Interest in psychedelic medications has been rekindled by two recently published RCTs that studied the use of psilocybin (a mushroom-derived 5HT2A agonist) during a single psychotherapeutic session in cancer patients with anxiety and/or depression. These trials demonstrated rapid, clinically meaningful, and long-lasting reductions in depressed mood and/or anxiety symptoms and improvements in quality of life and death acceptance. There is also evidence suggesting psilocybin microdosing - taking sub-hallucinogenic doses continuously over longer time periods, rather than a one-time hallucinogenic dose - can improve mood and anxiety. The effects of microdosing, however, have not been rigorously evaluated, particularly in patients with life limiting illness. Results from recent trials are encouraging but knowledge gaps remain. First, studies to date primarily enrolled patients with localized disease who experience different distress than that of patients with advanced disease who are near the end of life. Second, it is unclear if Canadians would find psilocybin an attractive option in the context of MAiD legalization, which provides an alternative option for patients with severe psychological suffering. Third, there is no empirical research on the therapeutic effects of psilocybin microdosing, as most studies have followed macrodosing protocols. While preliminary efficacy of macrodosing has been demonstrated, there are important barriers to administering this therapy in a PC context. Previous trials had slow recruitment rates, suggesting there may be barriers related to the acceptability of psilocybin macrodosing from the perspectives of patients and families. Macrodosing requires the patient to dedicate an entire day to participating in a guided hallucinogenic experience and remain in an acute care setting where they can be closely monitored. It also requires patients to engage in preparatory sessions with monitors and a post-therapy session. In a PC context, this time commitment may not be acceptable or feasible for patients who are nearing the end of life. Additionally, macrodosing requires at least two trained moderators to guide the patient through their psychedelic experience and facilitate the pre- and post-dosing sessions. In most PC settings, it is not feasible to have clinicians dedicate two days to a single patient, thus limiting the scalability of this intervention. Psilocybin microdosing has the potential to overcome barriers to the feasibility and acceptability of macrodosing. By removing the requirement for trained moderators, minimizing the time commitment required of patients, eliminating the hallucinogenic effects of the therapy, and allowing patients to receive treatment either as an inpatient or in the community, microdosing may be a more acceptable option to patients and families and allow psychedelic therapy to be scalable across various PC settings. Psilocybin microdosing is a novel, complementary therapy that, while still unproven for patients near the end of life, has the potential to fundamentally change the way psychological and existential distress is responded to in PC, improving the lives of the 30% of patients who experience this suffering at the end of life. Objective To determine if psilocybin microdosing is a safe and feasible treatment for psychological distress among patients nearing the end of life followed by palliative care providers. All participants will receive a 4-week psilocybin microdosing intervention. The secondary objective is to examine the preliminary efficacy of psilocybin microdosing. Sample Size As this is a feasibility study, no formal sample size calculation was performed to determine the number of patients required to reach a level of precision on any study endpoint. Rather, the goal of this study is to provide estimates, along with their margins of error, of the recruitment rate and efficacy outcomes which will inform a subsequent two-arm randomized controlled trial. Participating sites see approximately 5,300 patients per year. It is anticipated that 30% will have psychological distress. Assuming a minimum of 1 in 6 patients are eligible and 15% of eligible patients will enroll, the goal is to enroll a sample of 20 participants in up to 1-year period. Statistical Analysis Analyses will adopt an intent-to-treat approach. Because the goal of this trial is to demonstrate feasibility and preliminary measures of efficacy, the main analyses will include calculation of feasibility outcomes using descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), as well as effect sizes with 95% CIs for primary and secondary efficacy measures, comparing patients' 4-week follow-up assessments to baseline assessments. Participants will also be stratified based on demographic and clinical characteristics to assess trends in outcomes. Notably, there is some evidence that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in particular may attenuate the effects of psilocybin. As such, sub-analyses will evaluate outcomes in participants taking an SSRI medication versus those who are not. A sub-group analysis by setting of care (inpatient vs outpatient/community) will also be conducted. Analyses of safety data will include the mean and standard deviation of the peak effect observed (i.e. highest observed blood pressure, heart rate) and proportion of participants experiencing adverse mood and behaviour events. The incidence of delirium and serotonin syndrome will also be recorded. Details of Eligibility, Intervention Protocol, and Outcome Measures are provided elsewhere.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-08-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04754061", "keywords": "Depression, Anxiety, Distress, Emotional, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04754061\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Cancer Patients,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3438, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: Feasibility, Clinical Efficacy & (Neuro)Cognitive Mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder feasibility clinical efficacy neuro cognitive mechanisms", "authors": "Brugmann University Hospital", "abstract": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, 7-month Parallel-Group Phase II Superiority Trial A substantial proportion of patients with alcohol use disorder does not respond to available treatments, which calls for the development of new alternatives. In parallel, psilocybin-assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder has recently yielded promising preliminary results. Building on extant findings, the proposed study aims to determine the feasibility and preliminary clinical efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy as a complementary intervention during inpatient rehabilitation for severe alcohol use disorder, and to characterize associated changes in the two key neurocognitive systems identified by dual-process models of addiction. In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-month parallel-group phase II superiority trial, 62 participants aged 21-64 years will be enrolled to undergo psilocybin-assisted therapy within the context of a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation for severe alcohol use disorder. The experimental group will receive a high dose of psilocybin (30 mg), whereas the control group will receive an active placebo dose of psilocybin, both within the context of a brief standardized psychotherapeutic intervention. The primary clinical outcome is the between-group difference in terms of the change in percentage of heavy drinking days from baseline to four weeks post-hospital discharge, whilst safety and feasibility metrics will also be reported as primary outcomes. Key secondary assessments include between-group differences in terms of changes in 1) drinking behavior parameters up to six months post-hospital discharge, 2) phosphatidyl-ethanol blood concentration, an objective biomarker of alcohol consumption, 3) symptoms of depression, anxiety, trauma, and global functioning, 4) neuroplasticity and key neurocognitive mechanisms associated with addiction, 5) psychological processes and alcohol-related parameters.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-08-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06160232", "keywords": "Severe Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin (high dose), Active placebo (low dose of psilocybin), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06160232\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4572, "title": "Different hierarchical reconfigurations in the brain by psilocybin and escitalopram for depression", "normalized_title": "different hierarchical reconfigurations in the brain by psilocybin and escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Gustavo Deco, Yonatan Sanz Perl, Samuel Johnson, Niamh Bourke, Robin Carhart-Harris, Morten L. Kringelbach", "abstract": "Abstract Effective interventions for neuropsychiatric disorders may work by rebalancing the brain’s functional hierarchical organization. Here we directly investigated the effects of two different serotonergic pharmacological interventions on functional brain hierarchy in major depressive disorder in a two-arm double-blind phase II randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin therapy (22 patients) with escitalopram (20 patients). Patients with major depressive disorder received either 2 × 25 mg of oral psilocybin, three weeks apart, plus six weeks of daily placebo (‘psilocybin arm’) or 2 × 1 mg of oral psilocybin, three weeks apart, plus six weeks of daily escitalopram (10-20 mg; ‘escitalopram arm’). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired at baseline and three weeks after the second psilocybin dose ( NCT03429075 ). The brain mechanisms were captured by generative effective connectivity, estimated from whole-brain modeling of resting state for each session and patient. Hierarchy was determined for each of these sessions using measures of directedness and trophic levels on the effective connectivity, which captures cycle structure, stability and percolation. The results showed that the two pharmacological interventions created significantly different hierarchical reconfigurations of whole-brain dynamics with differential, opposite statistical effect responses. Furthermore, the use of machine learning revealed significant differential reorganization of brain hierarchy before and after the two treatments. Machine learning was also able to predict treatment response with an accuracy of 0.85 ± 0.04. Overall, the results demonstrate that psilocybin and escitalopram work in different ways for rebalancing brain dynamics in depression. This suggests the hypothesis that neuropsychiatric disorders could be closely linked to the breakdown in regions orchestrating brain dynamics from the top of the hierarchy.", "journal": "Nature Mental Health", "publication_date": "2024-08-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s44220-024-00298-y", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00298-y", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Mirtazapine, Psychiatry, Placebo, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Anxiety, Cognition, Antidepressant, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health Research Topics, Functional Brain Connectivity Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401339608\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401339608\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":38,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W3598568\",\"https://openalex.org/W1040825594\",\"https://openalex.org/W1457655188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607114662\",\"https://openalex.org/W1822737135\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965322550\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970113884\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994310769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000619457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004874491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005933475\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006096283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013523345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015122390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019587683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021469680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024057644\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025818964\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041782669\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072372317\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072522618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080744486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101135654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114104729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117663940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131398580\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140852353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142858796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148764920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151721316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170596036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266871031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537247270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590144118\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594366375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605399484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608304771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616940960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2752088033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896587207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898334035\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898717395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949553675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953144044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969829800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974707943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988850692\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992870756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998556284\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999196735\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015902292\",\"https://openalex.org/W3032421086\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036741565\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039116382\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3053791106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083912884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084035636\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093680025\",\"https://openalex.org/W3115516966\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118861474\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125207107\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127233196\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149674515\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211557128\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212092480\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205126261\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223566727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224065622\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226057129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229018528\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281774703\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294786221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294786645\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312117875\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313251651\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316016059\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317212041\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318339510\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327566759\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327914778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365515050\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379284995\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379879129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391678591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391898793\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047963275\",\"display_name\":\"Gustavo Deco\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8995-7583\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091490801\",\"display_name\":\"Yonatan Sanz Perl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-5564\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045781811\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8648-1735\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111281049\",\"display_name\":\"Niamh Bourke\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043559110\",\"display_name\":\"Morten L. Kringelbach\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-6898\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387286578\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Mental Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00298-y\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401339608" }, { "id": 1055, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy and HIV-related shame", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy and hiv related shame", "authors": "Nicky J. Mehtani, Mallory O. Johnson, Peter S. Hendricks, Jennifer Mitchell, B. Anderson", "abstract": "As a proposed mediator between stigma-related stressors and negative mental health outcomes, HIV-related shame has been predictive of increased rates of substance use and difficulties adhering to antiretroviral treatment among people with HIV. These downstream manifestations have ultimately impeded progress toward national goals to End the HIV Epidemic, in part due to limited success of conventional psychotherapies in addressing HIV-related shame. In a pilot clinical trial (N = 12), receipt of psilocybin-assisted group therapy was associated with a large pre-post decrease in HIV-related shame as measured by the HIV and Abuse Related Shame Inventory, with a median (IQR) change of - 5.5 (- 6.5, - 3.5) points from baseline to 3-months follow-up (Z = - 2.6, p = 0.009, r = - 0.75). A paradoxical exacerbation of sexual abuse-related shame experienced by two participants following receipt of psilocybin raises critical questions regarding the use of psilocybin therapy among patients with trauma. These preliminary findings carry potential significance for the future of HIV care.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-08-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-68908-4", "pubmed_id": "39095420", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68908-4", "keywords": "Shame, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Mental health, Psychotherapist, Social psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401257064\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401257064\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2058515103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080874345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090714490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2557936610\",\"https://openalex.org/W2745646537\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955777027\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996460582\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027491449\",\"https://openalex.org/W3042383105\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206102250\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206158010\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210935731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226458408\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383186683\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383823637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385063925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386740988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390186718\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029973096\",\"display_name\":\"Nicky J. Mehtani\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4277-6889\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077848733\",\"display_name\":\"Mallory O. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0480-2804\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004506349\",\"display_name\":\"Peter S. Hendricks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013684475\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer Mitchell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4956-1530\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009662036\",\"display_name\":\"B. Anderson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-660X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68908-4\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401257064" }, { "id": 1065, "title": "Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: where is the psychotherapy research?", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted psychotherapy where is the psychotherapy research", "authors": "Aday JS, Horton D, Fernandes-Osterhold G, O'Donovan A, Bradley ER, Rosen RC, Woolley JD", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has emerged as a potential treatment for a variety of mental health conditions, including substance use disorders and depression. Current models of PAP emphasize the importance of psychotherapeutic support before, during, and after ingestion of a psychedelic to maximize safety and clinical benefit. Despite this ubiquitous assumption, there has been surprisingly little empirical investigation of the \"psychotherapy\" in PAP, leaving critical questions about the necessary and sufficient components of PAP unanswered. As clinical trials for psychedelic compounds continue the transition from safety- and feasibility-testing to evaluating efficacy, the role of the accompanying psychotherapy must be better understood to enhance scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying therapeutic change, optimize clinical outcomes, and inform cost-effectiveness. The present paper first reviews the current status of psychotherapy in the PAP literature, starting with recent debates regarding \"psychotherapy\" versus \"psychological support\" and then overviewing published clinical trial psychotherapy models and putative models informed by theory. We then delineate lessons that PAP researchers can leverage from traditional psychotherapy research regarding standardizing treatments (e.g., publish treatment manuals, establish eligibility criteria for providers), identifying mechanisms of change (e.g., measure established mechanisms in psychotherapy), and optimizing clinical trial designs (e.g., consider dismantling studies, comparative efficacy trials, and cross-lagged panel designs). Throughout this review, the need for increased research into the psychotherapeutic components of treatment in PAP is underscored. PAP is a distinct, integrative, and transdisciplinary intervention. Future research designs should consider transdisciplinary research methodologies to identify best practices and inform federal guidelines for PAP administration.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-07-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-024-06620-x", "pubmed_id": "38782821", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38782821/", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychedelic, Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy models, Review", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"38782821\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1074, "title": "Longitudinal experiences of Canadians receiving compassionate access to psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "longitudinal experiences of canadians receiving compassionate access to psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Sara de la Salle, Hannes Kettner, Julien Thibault Lévesque, Nicolas Garel, Shannon Dames, Ryan Patchett-Marble, Soham Rej, Sara G. Gloeckler, David Erritzøe, Robin Carhart-Harris, Kyle T. Greenway", "abstract": "Abstract Recent clinical trials have found that the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin effectively alleviates anxiodepressive symptoms in patients with life-threatening illnesses when given in a supportive environment. These outcomes prompted Canada to establish legal pathways for therapeutic access to psilocybin, coupled with psychological support. Despite over one-hundred Canadians receiving compassionate access since 2020, there has been little examination of these ‘real-world’ patients. We conducted a prospective longitudinal survey which focused on Canadians who were granted Section 56 exemptions for legal psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. Surveys assessing various symptom dimensions were conducted at baseline, two weeks following the session (endpoint), and optionally one day post-session. Participant characteristics were examined using descriptive statistics, and paired sample t -tests were used to quantify changes from baseline to the two-week post-treatment endpoint. Eight participants with Section 56 exemptions (four females, M age = 52.3 years), all with cancer diagnoses, fully completed baseline and endpoint surveys. Significant improvements in anxiety and depression symptoms, pain, fear of COVID-19, quality of life, and spiritual well-being were observed. Attitudes towards death, medical assistance in dying, and desire for hastened death remained unchanged. While most participants found the psilocybin sessions highly meaningful, if challenging, one reported a substantial decrease in well-being due to the experience. These preliminary data are amongst the first to suggest that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy can produce psychiatric benefits in real-world patients akin to those observed in clinical trials. Limited enrollment and individual reports of negative experiences indicate the need for formal real-world evaluation programs to surveil the ongoing expansion of legal access to psychedelics.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-07-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-66817-0", "pubmed_id": "39019922", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66817-0", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Compassionate Use, Psychotherapist, Psychology, MEDLINE, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Biology, Internal medicine, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":21,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1988792451\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989263139\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041805221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043418489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089047250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137699706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2465340358\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809775049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993734271\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013355453\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196993476\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225857844\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283584241\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296613147\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386522609\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050030727\",\"display_name\":\"Sara de la Salle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-5938\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074265418\",\"display_name\":\"Julien Thibault Lévesque\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-6680\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086538803\",\"display_name\":\"Nicolas Garel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-9943\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080043337\",\"display_name\":\"Shannon Dames\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1609-4243\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077256051\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Patchett-Marble\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043500597\",\"display_name\":\"Soham Rej\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-9124\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092898382\",\"display_name\":\"Sara G. Gloeckler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8316-0672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086630833\",\"display_name\":\"Kyle T. Greenway\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-493X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66817-0\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400737202" }, { "id": 1076, "title": "Serotoninergic antidepressants combination in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy: a case report", "normalized_title": "serotoninergic antidepressants combination in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy a case report", "authors": "André Do, Vanessa Michaud, Jean-François Stephan, Miltiadis Moreau, Élise Benoît, Felix-Antoine Berubé, Antoine Bibaud-De Serres, Alain Taillefer, Philippe Vincent", "abstract": "Psilocybin has reemerged as a promising treatment for difficult-to-treat depression (DTD). Although there is limited evidence regarding interactions between psilocybin and other psychotropic drugs, clinical trials require that patients discontinue their antidepressants before study entry to isolate the benefits of psilocybin and to minimize the risk of adverse events. We present the first case of an adult patient with DTD who received psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) in combination with two serotoninergic antidepressants (duloxetine and vortioxetine). Since he displayed a partial response after the first PAP session, he agreed to discontinue duloxetine (but refused to stop vortioxetine) before the second PAP session to see if it could improve the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin. However, his anxiety and depressive symptoms worsened. Psilocybin was well-tolerated in both PAP sessions; mild headaches were the main adverse effects experienced by the patient, and there were no cardiovascular safety concerns. This case report suggests that serotoninergic antidepressants combination with psilocybin appears to be safe and that antidepressant discontinuation prior to PAP may not be necessary. Since the continuation of antidepressants during PAP has the potential to improve treatment acceptability and accessibility, future research should assess whether psilocybin can be administered concurrently with antidepressants.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-07-15", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1394962", "pubmed_id": "39086732", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1394962", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Vortioxetine, Duloxetine, Antidepressant, Discontinuation, Medicine, Psychiatry, Serotonergic, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Anxiety, Mirtazapine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Internal medicine, Mood, Alternative medicine, Serotonin, Pathology, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400695899\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400695899\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4220686515\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037237207\",\"display_name\":\"André Do\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113291624\",\"display_name\":\"Vanessa Michaud\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027250223\",\"display_name\":\"Jean-François Stephan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7376-208X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071526629\",\"display_name\":\"Miltiadis Moreau\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108529244\",\"display_name\":\"Élise Benoît\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042633452\",\"display_name\":\"Felix-Antoine Berubé\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044793939\",\"display_name\":\"Antoine Bibaud-De Serres\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104605528\",\"display_name\":\"Alain Taillefer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063210785\",\"display_name\":\"Philippe Vincent\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9194-6755\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1394962\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Safety,Adverse Events,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400695899" }, { "id": 4590, "title": "Psilocybin in the Management of Substance Use Disorders: A Summary ofCurrent Evidence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the management of substance use disorders a summary ofcurrent evidence", "authors": "Hussein El Bourji, Aziz Farhat, Zahi Hamdan, Ritvij Satodiya, Rashmi Shukla, Samer El Hayek", "abstract": "Background: Following clinical trials on psilocybin for the treatment of pain, anxiety, and depression in patients with cancer, scientific interest emerged in its use for substance use disorders. Methods: In this review of the literature, we summarize available trials looking at the use of psilocybin in addiction Results: One double-blind, randomized clinical trial looked at the effect of psilocybin on heavy drinking in adults diagnosed with alcohol dependence. Several trials are currently ongoing to assess psilocybin’s efficacy in the management of different SUDs. Otherwise, the current evidence is insufficient to derive any conclusions on the possible efficacy of psilocybin in substance use disorders. Conclusions: More well-powered, blinded, randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of psilocybin in addiction while identifying the appropriate conditions that promote its safe use.", "journal": "Current Psychopharmacologye", "publication_date": "2024-07-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.2174/0122115560288779240628043307", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115560288779240628043307", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Substance use, Current (fluid), Psychology, Psychiatry, Electrical engineering, Engineering, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400323479\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400323479\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1892948428\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081515697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095349468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588071311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767891136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801279915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943880235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3020950088\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124059976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3174467043\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207479206\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211698153\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213463597\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213251631\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223525754\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283275230\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283809381\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071524029\",\"display_name\":\"Hussein El Bourji\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2437-965X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113419594\",\"display_name\":\"Aziz Farhat\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092006372\",\"display_name\":\"Zahi Hamdan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9266-9438\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081781684\",\"display_name\":\"Ritvij Satodiya\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5056-9305\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054143365\",\"display_name\":\"Rashmi Shukla\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3489-7720\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000809178\",\"display_name\":\"Samer El Hayek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7975-6104\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210232948\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current Psychopharmacologye\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115560288779240628043307\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400323479" }, { "id": 2993, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy for Females With Anorexia Nervosa: A Phase 1, Open-Label Feasibility Study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for females with anorexia nervosa a phase 1 open label feasibility study", "authors": "Stéphanie Knatz Peck, Samantha Shao, Tessa Gruen, Kevin H. Yang, Alexandra Babakanian, Julie Trim, Daphna M. Finn, Walter H. Kaye", "abstract": "Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a deadly illness with no proven treatments to reverse core symptoms and no medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Novel treatments are urgently needed to improve clinical outcomes. In this open-label feasibility study, 10 adult female participants (mean body mass index 19.7 kg m−2; s.d. 3.7) who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for AN or pAN (partial remission) were recruited to a study conducted at an academic clinical research institute. Participants received a single 25-mg dose of synthetic psilocybin in conjunction with psychological support. The primary aim was to assess safety, tolerability and feasibility at post-treatment by incidences and occurrences of adverse events (AEs) and clinically significant changes in electrocardiogram (ECG), laboratory tests, vital signs and suicidality. No clinically significant changes were observed in ECG, vital signs or suicidality. Two participants developed asymptomatic hypoglycemia at post-treatment, which resolved within 24 h. No other clinically significant changes were observed in laboratory values. All AEs were mild and transient in nature. Participants’ qualitative perceptions suggest that the treatment was acceptable for most participants. Results suggest that psilocybin therapy is safe, tolerable and acceptable for female AN, which is a promising finding given physiological dangers and problems with treatment engagement. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04661514.", "journal": "FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-06-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.focus.24022013", "pubmed_id": "38988455", "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.24022013", "keywords": "Anorexia nervosa, Psilocybin, Medicine, Open label, Anorexia, Body mass index, Psychiatry, Food and drug administration, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Eating disorders, Pharmacology, Clinical trial, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 07:01:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400572892\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400572892\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1892606999\",\"https://openalex.org/W1903077781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004621490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042181481\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067637201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077841696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093980670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101248618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113750392\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133548434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753989225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3044609744\",\"https://openalex.org/W3060925268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083797211\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112557632\",\"https://openalex.org/W3132599860\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203772461\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220677780\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220695431\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226049185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229050031\",\"https://openalex.org/W4244071564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286449579\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292689891\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308953446\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011897192\",\"display_name\":\"Stéphanie Knatz Peck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057873669\",\"display_name\":\"Samantha Shao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092530283\",\"display_name\":\"Tessa Gruen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044401296\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin H. Yang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1451-258X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092530284\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandra Babakanian\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002166417\",\"display_name\":\"Julie Trim\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051999008\",\"display_name\":\"Daphna M. Finn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2572-7778\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086371093\",\"display_name\":\"Walter H. Kaye\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4478-4906\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210193920\",\"source_display_name\":\"FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.24022013\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400572892" }, { "id": 1079, "title": "The Black Book of Psychotropic Dosing and Monitoring.", "normalized_title": "the black book of psychotropic dosing and monitoring", "authors": "DeBattista C, Schatzberg AF.", "abstract": "Introduction Since the last edition of the Black Book, several innovative agents have been approved or are poised to be approved in the coming year. These include novel antidepressants, the first muscarine agonist for the treatment of schizophrenia, the first psychedelic which may be approved for the treatment of PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), and the first disease modifying drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Three new antidepressants have come to the market in the past 18 months. The first of those, Auvelity, the combination of bupropion and dextromethorphan, takes advantage of a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic synergism between the two drugs.85 Dextromethorphan has several pharmacodynamic properties including actions on the NMDA receptor and the Sigma 1 receptor, adding to the indirect norepinephrine agonist properties of bupropion. How Dextromethorphan is rapidly metabolized via the CYP2D6 isoenzyme to dextrophan that may have mu opioid agonist properties. The combination with bupropion, a CYP2D6 inhibitor, inhibits the metabolism of dextromethorphan allowing for more consistent therapeutic levels. The combination of dextromethorphan 45 mg twice per day and bupropion SR105 mg twice daily appears to be more effective than an equivalent dose of bupropion alone both in speeding up antidepressant response and achieving remission. However, it's not clear at this time how the combination would compare with a more typical dose of bupropion of 300-450 milligrams a day range. The phase III program for Auvelity, showed that the drug was well tolerated with the most common side effects being dizziness, headache, and dry mouth.86 Another novel antidepressant agent approved in 2023 is zuranolone (Zurzuvae). Zuranolone is an oral analog of IV brexanalone, and like brexanolone, was approved for the treatment of post-partum depression.83 The advantages of zuranolone over brexanalone are many. While brexanolone is a 60-hour intravenous infusion that must be administered in a health care facility, zuranolone is a once/day oral medication that is usually taken at home. Like brexanolone, and unlike most antidepressants, zuranolone has a short course of treatment, lasting just 14 days. Zuranolone's, as does brexanolone, is thought to act primarily as allosteric modulator of the GABA-a receptors. Despite only 14 days of treatment, zuranolone produced in depression in post-partum patients a clinically and significantly meaningful improvement at day 15 and continued to day 45 or 1 month past the end of treatment. Zuranolone is a schedule IV drug. The most common side effect in clinical trials was somnolence with 36% of participants reporting this side effect vs only 6% of those on placebo.84 Other common side effects included dizziness, diarrhea and fatigue. While the FDA declined to approve zuranolone as monotherapy or as an adjunctive treatment to standard antidepressants in major depression itself, there are positive studies in non-post-partum major depression albeit with smaller effect sizes and less consistent duration of activity. It is likely that zuranolone will continue to be studied in other depressive syndromes such as depression with anxious distress. The third \"new\" antidepressant approved late 2023 was gepirone (Exxua). Gepirone is not exactly a new or novel antidepressant and originally sought approval in the US about 20 years ago.88 There had been two positive studies of gepirone during the original NDA application but also a number of failed, negative, or non-informative studies as well. Thus, the FDA declined to originally approve the drug. However, failed and negative trials are common with antidepressants and after much internal debate, the FDA ultimately agreed to approve the drug based on the positive trials and a relatively favorable side effect profile. Gepirone, like buspirone, is a partial agonist of the 5HT1a receptor and a 5HT2 antagonist. As such, gepirone does not tend to be associated with sexual side effects, weight gain, or sedation. The most common side effects are dizziness, nausea, and insomnia which tend to improve in many patients over time. Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) continue to be the only class of agents [other than esketamine (Spravato)] approved in adjunctive treatment of resistant major depression. In addition to olanzapine (combined with fluoxetine; Symbyax), aripiprazole (Abilify), quetiapine (Seroquel), brexpiprazole (Rexulti), cariprazine (Vraylar) became the latest SGA to be approved in 2022.90 Adjunctive cariprazine at 1.5 mg daily was significantly more effective than adjunctive placebo in patients with MDD who had failed to achieve an adequate response with an antidepressant alone after 6 weeks of treatment. Interestingly, a 3 mg dose of cariprazine was less consistently effective.91 The major advantage of cariprazine over some of the other approved adjunctive SGA's is easy dosing, with the starting 1.5 mg dose being the optimal therapeutic dose for most people, and a lower metabolic side effect burden with most subjects having limited or no weight gain in short term trials. The most common side effect were akathisia/restlessness, fatigue, and nausea. Lumateperone (Caplyta) is also has positive phase III data in the adjunctive treatment of major depression and is expective file for approval in late 2024. Another recent major development in psychopharmacology is the reemergence of psychedelics in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The first of these is MDMA (phenethylamine 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of PTSD. A New Drug Application (NDA) was accepted by the FDA for MDMA in the treatment of PTSD in late 2023.87 Because the drug is being fast tracked as a \"breakthrough\" treatment by the FDA, it was expected to see approval in the summer of 2024. The phase II and III data for MDMA assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of PTSD have been quite consistent and impressive. However, independent reviews have pointed to significant deficiencies in these studies including the bias introduced because of functional unblinding; virtually all patients in psychedelic studies can guess whether they got the active drug or placebo. The functional unblinding, the lack of standardization of adjunctive psychotherapy as well as the abuse potential of MDMA, may delay an FDA approval. The typical regimen in these trials included 3 preparatory psychotherapy sessions followed by once/month dosing sessions (lasting about 8 hours) and using doses of 120-160 mg in a split dose. There were typically 3 monthly dosing sessions, each followed by 3 integrative psychotherapy sessions to help subjects process and understand their experiences during the dosing sessions. In the most recent phase 3 trials, over 70% of subjects no longer met criteria for PTDS compared to 46% of those treated with psychotherapy and placebo alone.89 The only approved medications for treating PTSD are two SSRIs, paroxetine and sertraline. These drugs effect only some dimensions of PTSD with only 20-30% achieving a remission level response with these drugs. Thus, MDMA assisted psychotherapy appears to achieve much higher levels of remission and response than has been true for the SSRIs. Since MDMA is not taken continuously, side effects from MDMA tend to be short lived. Side effects have included muscle tightness, nausea, diminished appetite, excessive sweating, feeling cold and dizziness among others. Since MDMA is currently a schedule I drug, it is likely that a rigorous Risk Evaluation Mitigation (REMs) program will be put in place and a limited number of centers and clinicians will be designated to perform MDMA assisted psychotherapy for PTSD. In addition to MDMA, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is in phase 3 trials for treating resistant depression but unlikely to be available before late 2025 at the earliest. An argument can be made that there has not been a truly novel antipsychotic since the introduction of clozapine in the US in 1990. All first-generation antipsychotics have been dopamine 2 antagonists and second-generation drugs have involved some ratio of 5HT2 antagonism to D2 blockade. In 2023, the FDA accepted the application of xenomaline/tropsium (KarXT) which may become the first muscarinic M1M4 agonist approved for the treatment of schizophrenia.82,83 Tropsium is added as a muscarine antagonist to block the peripheral cholinergic effects of a muscarine agonist. Xenomaline/tropsium appears to be effective in treating both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. In a phase 3 study of 407 patients with schizophrenia, xenomaline/tropsium at doses of xenomaline/50 mg/tropsium 20 mg twice daily up to 125 mg/30 mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo in treating both and negative symptoms over 5 weeks of treatment. As would be expected, the side effect profile of xenomaline/tropsium is very different that all currently available antipsychotics. There is no risk of EPS as it is not a dopamine antagonist, and xenomaline/tropsium is not associated with significant metabolic effects. The side effects are cholinergic in nature and include constipation, dry mouth, and nausea. A decision is expected in September of 2024. The year 2023 also saw the approval of the first disease modifying drug in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, lecanemab (Lequembi). While acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine have been available for decades, these drugs modestly improve cognition in Alzheimer's disease patients and do not alter the progressive course of the illness. Lecanemab is an IV monoclonal antibody that targets the removal of beta-amyloid in the brain as well proto-fibrils that are also known to be toxic to neuronal tissue. When given early in the course of the illness, patients treated with Lecanemab showed 27% less decline on some measures of cognition and function than did patients treated with a placebo over 18 months (about 1 and a half years). It is not known whether treatment for longer than 18 months would show lesser or greater decline over time. However, there are simulation studies that suggest that Lecanemab may modestly reduce the number of patients who progress to severe Alzheimer's disease and require institutional care. The standard dose is 10 mg/kg given via IV over one hour every 2 weeks for 18 months. Lecanemab is typically administered in an infusion center so that side effects can be monitored. The most serious side effects of Lecanemab are amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) that are associated with brain edema and microhemorrhages. ARIA can occur in up to 15% of patients. More common side effects are headache and nausea. While it remains to be seen how useful these new agents will be in clinical practice, they do represent an approach to treating neuropsychiatric disorders that are a notable departure from the pharmacotherapy of the past half century. It seems likely that some patients who have not been able to respond to or tolerate traditional pharmacotherapy will find hope in these new medications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.64719/pb.4493", "pubmed_id": "38993656", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64719/pb.4493", "keywords": "Humans, Bupropion, Dextromethorphan, Psychotropic Drugs, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Monitoring, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38993656\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 812, "title": "Striking Long Term Beneficial Effects of Single Dose Psilocybin and Psychedelic Mushroom Extract in the SAPAP3 Rodent Model of OCD-Like Excessive Self-Grooming", "normalized_title": "striking long term beneficial effects of single dose psilocybin and psychedelic mushroom extract in the sapap3 rodent model of ocd like excessive self grooming", "authors": "Brownstien M, Lazar M, Botvinnik A, Shevakh C, Blakolmer K, Lerer L, Lifschytz T, Lerer B.", "abstract": "Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a highly prevalent disorder that causes serious disability. Available treatments leave 40% or more of people with OCD significantly symptomatic. There is an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. Mice that carry a homozygous deletion of the SAPAP3 gene (SAPAP3 KO) manifest a phenotype of excessive self-grooming, tic-like head-body twitches and anxiety. These behaviors closely resemble pathological self-grooming behaviors observed in humans in conditions that overlap with OCD. Following a preliminary report that the tryptaminergic psychedelic, psilocybin, may reduce symptoms in patients with OCD, we undertook a randomized controlled trial of psilocybin in 50 SAPAP3 KO mice (28 male, 22 female). Mice that fulfilled inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to a single intraperitoneal injection of psilocybin (4.4 mg/kg), psychedelic mushroom extract (encompassing the same psilocybin dose) or vehicle control and were evaluated after 2, 4 and 21 days by a rater blind to treatment allocation for grooming characteristics, head-body twitches, anxiety and other behavioral features. Mice treated with vehicle (n=18) manifested a 118.71 + 95.96 % increase in total self-grooming (the primary outcome measure) over the 21-day observation period. In contrast, total self-grooming decreased by 14.60% + 17.90% in mice treated with psilocybin (n=16) and by 19.20 + 20.05% in mice treated with psychedelic mushroom extract (n=16) (p=.001 for effect of time; p=.0001 for time X treatment interaction). 5 mice were dropped from the vehicle group because they developed skin lesions; 4 from the psilocybin group and none from the psychedelic mushroom extract group. Secondary outcome measures such as head-body twitches and anxiety all showed a significant improvement over 21 days. Notably, in mice that responded to psilocybin (n=12) and psychedelic mushroom extract (n=13), the beneficial effect of a single treatment persisted up to 7 weeks. Mice initially treated with vehicle and non-responsive, showed a clear and lasting therapeutic response when treated with a single dose of psilocybin or psychedelic mushroom extract and followed for a further 3 weeks. While equivalent to psilocybin in overall effect on self-grooming, psychedelic mushroom extract showed superior effects in alleviating head-body twitches and anxiety. These findings strongly justify clinical trials of psilocybin in the treatment of OCD and further studies aimed at elucidating mechanisms that underlie the long-term effects to alleviate excessive self-grooming observed in this study. Graphical Abstract Prepared with BioRender ( https://www.biorender.com/ )", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-06-28", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.06.25.600634", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.06.25.600634", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR875056\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Animal Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1100, "title": "Race and ethnicity moderate the associations between lifetime psilocybin use and past year hypertension", "normalized_title": "race and ethnicity moderate the associations between lifetime psilocybin use and past year hypertension", "authors": "Grant Jones, Jocelyn A. Ricard, Matthew K. Nock", "abstract": "Background: Hypertension is a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly for racial and ethnic minorities who face higher rates of hypertension and worse health-related outcomes. Recent research has reported on protective associations between classic psychedelics and hypertension; however, there is a need to explore how race and ethnicity may moderate such associations. Methods: We used data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2005-2014) to assess whether race and ethnicity moderate the associations between classic psychedelic use - specifically psilocybin - and past year hypertension. Results: Hispanic identity moderated the associations between psilocybin use and past year hypertension. Furthermore, individuals who used psilocybin and identified as Non-Hispanic White had reduced odds of hypertension (aOR: 0.83); however, these associations were not observed for any other racial or ethnic groups in our study for individuals who used psilocybin. Conclusion: Overall, our results demonstrate that the associations between psychedelics and hypertension may vary by race and ethnicity. Longitudinal studies and clinical trials can further advance this research and determine whether such differences exist in causal contexts. Project registration: https://osf.io/xsz2p/?view_only=0bf7b56749034c18abb2a3f8d3d4bc0b.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-06-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1169686", "pubmed_id": "38979507", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1169686", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Ethnic group, Medicine, Race (biology), Odds, Odds ratio, Demography, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Gerontology, Psychology, Logistic regression, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Biology, Anthropology, Sociology, Botany, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399977372\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399977372\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W162468581\",\"https://openalex.org/W1536187732\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607157500\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979629631\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981203269\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984359088\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994745384\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006600643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038319982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041848287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042698330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053090093\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118500471\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118597903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127056538\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139692142\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162449733\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571443797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608583841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2908694763\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2989573545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004465995\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006069447\",\"https://openalex.org/W3024921134\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109765150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135169733\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164067847\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210821456\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211079492\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213393532\",\"https://openalex.org/W4304118763\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307773202\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386165916\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893679\",\"https://openalex.org/W6606569158\",\"https://openalex.org/W6632056171\",\"https://openalex.org/W6636007722\",\"https://openalex.org/W6645740949\",\"https://openalex.org/W6653436312\",\"https://openalex.org/W6660686558\",\"https://openalex.org/W6753932356\",\"https://openalex.org/W6808475866\",\"https://openalex.org/W6845784890\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066674976\",\"display_name\":\"Grant Jones\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-310X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000608905\",\"display_name\":\"Jocelyn A. Ricard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9605-9389\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082317510\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew K. Nock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-1145\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1169686\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4399977372" }, { "id": 1062, "title": "The cyclical revival of psychedelics in psychiatric treatment.", "normalized_title": "the cyclical revival of psychedelics in psychiatric treatment", "authors": "Appiani FJ, Caroff SN.", "abstract": "There is an increasing demand for effective treatments for depression, particularly for individuals grappling with treatment-resistant depression. Over recent years, a surge of interest has focused on exploring the safety and efficacy of psilocybin as a potential treatment for depression. However, preliminary findings from phase 2 studies have been inconclusive, prompting critical examination of issues such as maintaining blinding and the role of adjunctive psychotherapy. The maintenance of double-blinding and the role of adjunctive psychotherapy introduce biases that complicate the attainment of conclusive results in clinical research. Examining historical data reveals a recurrent pattern linked to the use of psychoactive substances, which starts with an excess of optimism and ends with general addictive behaviors and a heightened risk of serious public health problems. Considering these findings, a cautious and measured approach is imperative, given that the efficacy and safety of psilocybin treatment have yet to be unequivocally established. The potential for excessive optimism among researchers is a notable concern, as unwarranted enthusiasm may inadvertently facilitate the widespread adoption of this treatment without sufficient empirical support. In navigating the complexities of depression treatment, it is necessary to strike a balance between innovation and prudence to ensure evidence-based advancement of therapeutic approaches.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-19", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/03007995.2024.2368725", "pubmed_id": "38880945", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2368725", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38880945\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1061, "title": "Developing the Open Psychedelic Evaluation Nexus consensus measures for assessment of supervised psilocybin services: An e-Delphi study", "normalized_title": "developing the open psychedelic evaluation nexus consensus measures for assessment of supervised psilocybin services an e delphi study", "authors": "P. Todd Korthuis, Kim Hoffman, Adrianne R. Wilson-Poe, Jason B. Luoma, Alissa Bazinet, Kellie Pertl, David L. Morgan, Ryan Cook, Sarann Bielavitz, Renae Myers, R. Cameron Wolf, Dennis McCarty, Christopher S. Stauffer", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Voter initiatives in Oregon and Colorado authorize legal frameworks for supervised psilocybin services, but no measures monitor safety or outcomes. AIMS: To develop core measures of best practices. METHODS: A three-phase e-Delphi process recruited 36 experts with 5 or more years' experience facilitating psilocybin experiences in various contexts (e.g., ceremonial settings, indigenous practices, clinical trials), or other pertinent psilocybin expertise. Phase I, an on-line survey with qualitative, open-ended text responses, generated potential measures to assess processes, outcomes, and structure reflecting high quality psilocybin services. In Phase II, experts used seven-point Likert scales to rate the importance and feasibility of the Phase I measures. Measures were priority ranked. Qualitative interviews and analysis in Phase III refined top-rated measures. RESULTS: = 36; 53% female; 71% white; 56% heterosexual) reported currently providing psilocybin services (64%) for a mean of 15.2 [SD13.1] years, experience with indigenous psychedelic practices (67%), and/or conducting clinical trials (36%). Thematic analysis of Phase I responses yielded 55 candidate process measures (e.g., preparatory hours with client, total dose of psilocybin administered, documentation of touch/sexual boundaries), outcome measures (e.g., adverse events, well-being, anxiety/depression symptoms), and structure measures (e.g., facilitator training in trauma informed care, referral capacity for medical/psychiatric issues). In Phase II and III, experts prioritized a core set of 11 process, 11 outcome, and 17 structure measures that balanced importance and feasibility. CONCLUSION: Service providers and policy makers should consider standardizing core measures developed in this study to monitor the safety, quality, and outcomes of community-based psilocybin services.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-06-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241257839", "pubmed_id": "38888164", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241257839", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Delphi method, Thematic analysis, Psychology, Applied psychology, Medicine, Qualitative research, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Computer science, Social science, Artificial intelligence, Sociology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399780176\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399780176\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":14,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1551186209\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967766053\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045507107\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100069180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110142496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122884679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905110776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964311550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124902931\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149986569\",\"https://openalex.org/W3170399214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250639036\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281666404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291227674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296481593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385265010\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037879583\",\"display_name\":\"P. Todd Korthuis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5556-3597\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082885757\",\"display_name\":\"Kim Hoffman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3063-7881\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056650801\",\"display_name\":\"Adrianne R. Wilson-Poe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6304-5295\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009587541\",\"display_name\":\"Jason B. Luoma\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-7037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042118065\",\"display_name\":\"Alissa Bazinet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073745691\",\"display_name\":\"Kellie Pertl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0861-3609\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060032144\",\"display_name\":\"David L. Morgan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6014-7643\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017059128\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Cook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8754-995X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017040379\",\"display_name\":\"Sarann Bielavitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2104-6991\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038473517\",\"display_name\":\"Renae Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058096595\",\"display_name\":\"R. Cameron Wolf\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8332-0321\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060056667\",\"display_name\":\"Dennis McCarty\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9014-2894\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077197149\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher S. Stauffer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-095X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241257839\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4399780176" }, { "id": 1107, "title": "Licit use of illicit drugs for treating depression: the pill and the process.", "normalized_title": "licit use of illicit drugs for treating depression the pill and the process", "authors": "Torrado Pacheco A, Moghaddam B.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, MDMA, and ketamine have emerged as potentially effective treatments for rapid amelioration of the symptoms of mood and related psychiatric disorders. All clinical data collected so far with regard to psilocybin or MDMA, which have reported positive outcomes for treating depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and drug or alcohol use disorders, have involved clinician-assisted intervention. While the case for ketamine is assumed to be different, the first report of the successful use of ketamine in psychiatry for treating depression was in combination with psychotherapy, and an emerging literature suggests that the subjective state of individual experiences with ketamine predicts clinical outcome. This Review will focus on (a) a brief review of the literature, showing that the context or the process of drug administration has been an integrative component of published work; (b) the importance of clinical trials to compare the efficacy of the drug (\"pill\") as a stand-alone treatment versus drug in combination with clinician-assisted psychological support (\"process\"); and (c) suggestions for future approaches in animal models that take into account the role of systems and behavioral neuroscience in explaining a potential role for context, experience, and expectancy in drug effect.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1172/jci180217", "pubmed_id": "40047885", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1172/jci180217", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Ketamine, Depression, Psilocybin, Illicit Drugs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40047885\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1106, "title": "A Plea for Nuance: Should People with a Family History of Bipolar Disorder Be Excluded from Clinical Trials of Psilocybin Therapy?", "normalized_title": "a plea for nuance should people with a family history of bipolar disorder be excluded from clinical trials of psilocybin therapy", "authors": "Downey AE, Bradley ER, Lerche AS, O'Donovan A, Krystal AD, Woolley J.", "abstract": "BackgroundAs the field of psychedelic therapy grows, it is vital to consider who can safely engage with psilocybin therapy. In most modern clinical trials of psilocybin therapy, individuals with a family history of bipolar disorder (BD) have been excluded from participation because of their genetic predisposition for developing BD.ReviewCase studies and survey data shed light on the risks of psilocybin therapy among those with a family history of BD in the absence of data from modern clinical trials. We review existing evidence that could inform risk stratification for these individuals, including genetic proximity to the affected relative, BD type, age at onset in the relative, and participant age. Hypothesizing that the risk of developing BD may predict the risk of developing serious adverse events when engaging with psilocybin therapy, we propose a risk stratification tool to be utilized when determining the relative risks of psilocybin therapy to those with a family history of BD in the context of clinical trials.ConclusionBalancing the need for effective treatments against the potential for serious adverse events in those undergoing psilocybin therapy with a family history of BD, we argue for caution in psychedelic clinical trials but not outright exclusion of these individuals. Our risk stratification tool allows for more nuanced inclusion and exclusion criteria.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0051", "pubmed_id": "40051581", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0051", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40051581\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1110, "title": "Unlocking the healing power of psilocybin: an overview of the role of psilocybin therapy in major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance use disorder", "normalized_title": "unlocking the healing power of psilocybin an overview of the role of psilocybin therapy in major depressive disorder obsessive compulsive disorder and substance use disorder", "authors": "Sandra Szafoni, Piotr Gręblowski, Klaudia Grabowska, Gniewko Więckiewicz", "abstract": "Resistance to traditional treatment methods is still a major obstacle in modern psychiatry. As a result, several studies are currently being conducted to find effective alternatives to traditional therapies. One of these alternatives is psilocybin, a psychedelic substance that has been tested in clinical trials as an adjunct to psychotherapy. These studies focus on patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and substance use disorder (SUD), particularly alcohol and nicotine dependence. This article looks at the current understanding of psilocybin, including data from clinical trials conducted, psilocybin's mechanism of action, its safety and the level of risk associated with it.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-06-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1406888", "pubmed_id": "38919636", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1406888", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Obsessive compulsive, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Cognition, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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Szafoni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-5734\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5099102094\",\"display_name\":\"Piotr Gręblowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5099102095\",\"display_name\":\"Klaudia Grabowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086168835\",\"display_name\":\"Gniewko Więckiewicz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2404-393X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1406888\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4399572299" }, { "id": 3791, "title": "Who believes psychedelic-assisted therapies work? Risky cannabis use and other factors are associated with positive treatment-outcome expectancies", "normalized_title": "who believes psychedelic assisted therapies work risky cannabis use and other factors are associated with positive treatment outcome expectancies", "authors": "Petrovitch D, Mitchell SM, Van Allen J, Littlefield AK.", "abstract": "Introduction: Treatment-outcome expectancies are an individual’s beliefs about how a medical or psychological intervention will affect them and others. These response expectancies represent serious potential confounds to clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapies for a variety of conditions because of difficulties associated with blinding psychedelic trials. On the other hand, expectancies also represent opportunities for practitioners to promote desired clinical outcomes. Therefore, a stronger understanding of factors associated with positive treatment-outcome expectancies for psychedelics could be useful to both scientists and clinicians. Method: The present study examined treatment-outcome expectancies for psychedelic-assisted therapies with psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) among undergraduates (73% female, 81% White, 30% Hispanic, and 22% psychedelic-experienced; Mage = 19.95 years, median = 19.0, SD = 3.14). A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to test the hypothesis that riskier alcohol, cannabis, and other substance use would be associated with more positive treatment-outcome expectancies. Results: Consistent with our hypothesis, riskier cannabis use was significantly associated with more positive expectancies. However, neither riskier drinking nor other drug use were significant predictors. Prior engagement with psychedelic-related media and exposure to other peoples’ psychedelic experiences also predicted treatment-outcome expectancies. Conclusion: Individuals with riskier cannabis use may hold stronger beliefs in the transdiagnostic effectiveness of psychedelic-assisted therapies. This suggests that clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted interventions for cannabis use disorder may be particularly vulnerable to expectancy-related confounds. Psychedelic-therapy practitioners treating patients with risky cannabis use may consider patients’ beliefs in the effectiveness of psychedelics when discussing treatment options and delivering psychedelic interventions.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-06-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/adnpg", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/adnpg", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:22", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR865245\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3445, "title": "A Multi-centre, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled, Randomised, Phase II Clinical Trial for Psilocybin-assisted Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "a multi centre double blinded placebo controlled randomised phase ii clinical trial for psilocybin assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder", "authors": "University of Sydney", "abstract": "To explore the effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted therapy on reducing alcohol consumption in a double-blind, randomised, phase II clinical trial. New strategies for treating Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) are urgently needed. Recent evidence has shown promising results for psychedelic-assisted therapies, particularly psilocybin, which has demonstrated efficacy in reducing alcohol consumption and improving psychological well-being. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of psilocybin-assisted therapy compared to a control (niacin) in reducing heavy drinking days (HDD) per week among individuals with AUD. Primary Objective To conduct a double-blind, randomised controlled trial with 90 participants diagnosed with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). The primary aim is to compare the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy (two sessions of psilocybin, 25 mg per dosing session) versus control (niacin 250mg) and therapy in reducing alcohol consumption, specifically measuring the number of heavy drinking days (HDD) per week. Secondary Objectives To compare the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy versus control in improving the characteristics of AUD and addressing common comorbidities associated with AUD, including depression and anxiety. Study Design The trial will employ a double-blind, randomised, controlled design. A sample of 90 individuals with AUD will undergo 14 weeks of treatment, which includes 12 therapy sessions and 2 dosing sessions with either psilocybin (25 mg) or control (niacin 250mg). Participants will be assessed for changes in alcohol consumption patterns and improvements in symptoms of depression and anxiety.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-06-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06444243", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Alcohol Dependence, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Niacin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06444243\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3355, "title": "Who believes psychedelic-assisted therapies work? Risky cannabis use and other factors are associated with positive treatment-outcome expectancies", "normalized_title": "who believes psychedelic assisted therapies work risky cannabis use and other factors are associated with positive treatment outcome expectancies", "authors": "", "abstract": "Introduction: Treatment-outcome expectancies are an individual’s beliefs about how a medical or psychological intervention will affect them and others. These response expectancies represent serious potential confounds to clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapies for a variety of conditions because of difficulties associated with blinding psychedelic trials. On the other hand, expectancies also represent opportunities for practitioners to promote desired clinical outcomes. Therefore, a stronger understanding of factors associated with positive treatment-outcome expectancies for psychedelics could be useful to both scientists and clinicians. Method: The present study examined treatment-outcome expectancies for psychedelic-assisted therapies with psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) among undergraduates (73% female, 81% White, 30% Hispanic, and 22% psychedelic-experienced; Mage = 19.95 years, median = 19.0, SD = 3.14). A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to test the hypothesis that riskier alcohol, cannabis, and other substance use would be associated with more positive treatment-outcome expectancies. Results: Consistent with our hypothesis, riskier cannabis use was significantly associated with more positive expectancies. However, neither riskier drinking nor other drug use were significant predictors. Prior engagement with psychedelic-related media and exposure to other peoples’ psychedelic experiences also predicted treatment-outcome expectancies. Conclusion: Individuals with riskier cannabis use may hold stronger beliefs in the transdiagnostic effectiveness of psychedelic-assisted therapies. This suggests that clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted interventions for cannabis use disorder may be particularly vulnerable to expectancy-related confounds. Psychedelic-therapy practitioners treating patients with risky cannabis use may consider patients’ beliefs in the effectiveness of psychedelics when discussing treatment options and delivering psychedelic interventions.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-06-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/adnpg_v1", "keywords": "cannabis use disorder, internal validity, placebo effects, psychedelic-assisted therapy, treatment-outcome expectancy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Clinical Decision Making, Substance Abuse and Addiction, Depressive Disorders, Therapy, Psychotherapy, Psychopharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"adnpg_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1064, "title": "Protocols and practices in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "protocols and practices in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression a systematic review", "authors": "Chisamore N, Johnson D, Chen MJQ, Offman H, Chen-Li D, Kaczmarek ES, Doyle Z, McIntyre RS, Rosenblat JD.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a promising treatment option for depression, with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) providing preliminary support for its safety and efficacy. However, there is a lack of consistency across existing treatment protocols and psychotherapeutic approaches. The objective of this review is to summarize and compare current psychotherapy methods of PAP in treating depression and distress in life-threatening illnesses. We sought to comprehensively summarize published psychotherapy protocols from clinical trials to provide insights for future practices.MethodsA systematic search of four databases (Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL) for data relating to psychotherapy protocols was conducted by two independent reviewers.ResultsIn total, our search identified 1869 articles; after removing duplicates, we screened 1107 articles. We included 70 articles in the full-text review and determined that 28 were eligible for the final review. All protocols include sessions before (preparatory) and after (integration) the psychedelic dosing session with supportive monitoring. However, there was substantial variability and inconsistencies in all other aspects of therapy protocols (e.g., duration and number of sessions, model of therapy). Additionally, significant limitations were identified in the frequent need for more clarity in the description of therapeutic approaches.ConclusionIn published clinical trials, PAP has consisted of preparation, supportive dosing, and integration sessions. Beyond this basic framework, significant heterogeneity and lack of clarity were identified in reported psychotherapy protocols, meaning a validated and universally agreed upon protocol for PAP currently does not exist. Future studies should more clearly define and report psychotherapeutic components to identify the safest and most efficacious approaches to PAP.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.051", "pubmed_id": "38850581", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.051", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Clinical Protocols, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38850581\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3277, "title": "On serotonin, psychedelics, entactogens and psychoplastogens in depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and related disorders.", "normalized_title": "on serotonin psychedelics entactogens and psychoplastogens in depression anxiety post traumatic stress and related disorders", "authors": "Hoyer D.", "abstract": "There is controversy about a causal role of serotonin (5-HT) in depression, some arguing that there is no proof for impaired brain 5-HT function in depressed patients. Major depressive disorder comes with multiple endophenotypes; not surprisingly classical antidepressants (tricyclics, MAO inhibitors, SSRIs, SNRIs) are not universally effective. Most antidepressants target the 5-HT system, partially if not exclusively, but treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major issue. The most recent and heavily investigated class of potential rapid acting antidepressant, anxiolytic, and/or anti PTSD drugs, namely psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca, etc..) or entactogens (MDMA, ibogaine), all target the 5-HT system, at least in part. Phase II / III clinical trials support psychedelics- and/or MDMA-assisted psychotherapy as a new class of rapid acting treatments for GAD, MDD, TRD, PTSD, and other disorders. Psilocybin and MDMA have FDA breakthrough status for TRD/MDD and PTSD, respectively, whereas LSD just received FDA breakthrough status for GAD. All psychedelics act as 5-HT2A receptor agonists, although LSD, DMT, psilocybin may also target other 5-HT and/or dopamine receptors. Psychedelics produce rapid onset and long-lasting antidepressant effects after one or two administrations. They all promote synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Neuroinflammation plays a major role in anxiety, depression, PTSD. Interestingly, psychedelic-induced 5-HT2A receptor agonism has profound anti-(neuro)inflammatory effects. Altogether, the 5-HT system plays an essential, but not unique role in MDD and related disorders. MDD, TRD and PTSD may be considered as biochemical, neurological and immune conditions, given the emerging role of neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation, which until recently, have been overlooked.", "journal": "Authorea Preprints", "publication_date": "2024-05-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.22541/au.171648613.31141136/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.22541/au.171648613.31141136/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR857433\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Authorea Preprints\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 939, "title": "Narrative review of the potential for psychedelics to treat Prolonged Grief Disorder.", "normalized_title": "narrative review of the potential for psychedelics to treat prolonged grief disorder", "authors": "Ehrenkranz R, Agrawal M, Penberthy JK, Yaden DB.", "abstract": "Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) is distinct from yet related to non-pathologic grief, depression, addiction, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) with a prevalence of up to 10% in bereaved populations. Hallmarks of PGD include functional impairment a year or more post-bereavement and intense yearning for the deceased. Current treatments for PGD are typically psychological rather than psychopharmacological, and more treatment options are needed. Psychedelics such as psilocybin and MDMA may be a promising treatment avenue for PGD. Randomized clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy of psilocybin in reducing symptom severity in depression and MDMA in reducing PTSD symptomatology. Furthermore, psychedelics often produce subjective effects (such as transcendence, mystical experiences, and a sense of oneness) that may be uniquely relevant to the existential distress experienced in PGD. No randomized clinical trials have thus far been conducted on the safety and efficacy of psychedelics for PGD. Initial research, including survey-based studies and an open-label trial, has begun to shed light on the possible benefits of psychedelics in the alleviation of grief. While the evidence from these studies is preliminary, it suggests a consistent trend towards the effectiveness of psychedelics in grief reduction. Conducting a randomized clinical trial would be an appropriate next step to explore the potential efficacy of using psychedelics to treat PGD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/09540261.2024.2357668", "pubmed_id": "39980217", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2024.2357668", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Grief, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39980217\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3118, "title": "Psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time: computational modelling of behavior in rats", "normalized_title": "psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time computational modelling of behavior in rats", "authors": "Fisher EL, Smith R, Corcoran AW, Milton LK, Conn K, Hohwy J, Foldi CJ.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise as a novel pharmacological intervention for treatment of depression, where post-acute effects of psilocybin treatment have been associated with increased positive mood and decreased pessimism. Although psilocybin is proving to be effective in clinical trials for treatment of psychiatric disorders, the information processing mechanisms affected by psilocybin are not well understood. Here, we fit computational models of underlying decision-making mechanisms to behaviour in rats. The model revealed that rats treated with psilocybin achieve more rewards through increased task engagement, mediated by modification of forgetting rates and reduced loss aversion. These findings suggest that psilocybin may afford an optimism bias that arises through altered belief updating, with translational potential for clinical populations characterised by lack of optimism.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-05-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.05.16.594614", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.16.594614", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR853997\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 952, "title": "Clinical Research Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Adolescents Aged 16 to 17 Years: Rationale Balanced With Caution.", "normalized_title": "clinical research trials of psychedelic assisted therapy in adolescents aged 16 to 17 years rationale balanced with caution", "authors": "Jeffrey JK, Weintraub MJ, Grob CS.", "abstract": "Youth today are burdened by significant mental health challenges. In 2022, 25% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years experienced a mental illness, with 20% experiencing a depressive episode, 12.5% reporting serious thoughts of suicide, and 17% meeting criteria for a substance use disorder.1 Close to 5% of adolescents experience posttraumatic stress disorder.2 Impairing psychiatric symptoms remain present in upwards of 40% of adolescents after receiving existing mental health services,3 so it is necessary to identify additional and more effective treatment options. We propose there is an acceptable benefit-to-risk calculation that supports trialing classic serotonergic psychedelics (eg, psilocybin) and phenethylamine compounds with empathogenic and entactogenic range of effects (eg, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA]) in combination with psychotherapy among select adolescents aged 16 to 17 years. Specifically, we propose testing these treatments among adolescents aged 16 to 17 years who are experiencing treatment-resistant manifestations of psychiatric disorders (ie, multiple failed trials of current evidence-based treatments) or psychiatric disorders that are in line with the current evidence base for adults as determined, for example, by the breakthrough designation of the US Food and Drug Administration for a particular psychedelic medicine (eg, psilocybin for major depressive disorder, MDMA for posttraumatic stress disorder).", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.021", "pubmed_id": "38734406", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.021", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Combined Modality Therapy, Psychotherapy, Adolescent, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38734406\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Adolescents,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 934, "title": "Evolving Guidelines for the Use of Touch During a Clinical Trial of Group Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "evolving guidelines for the use of touch during a clinical trial of group psilocybin assisted therapy", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Susanna Myers, John Guy, Juliana Pérez, Leslie Lazar Thorn, Bonnie A. McGregor", "abstract": "For a new clinical trial testing a group retreat-based format of psilocybin-assisted therapy, our research team created an initial set of practice guidelines that aimed to describe facilitator use of touch in a way that is ethical, supportive, and minimizes harm. In our first three retreats, however, we had two unexpected experiences with touch that led us to iterate our initial guidelines into a new version of guidelines. In this Technical Report, we describe our evolving guidelines specifying acceptable practices for facilitator use of touch to ensure a safe, supportive, and therapeutic participant experience. Our primary goal with these guidelines is to create a haptic experience during the psilocybin session that reinforces the participants' sense of safety and supports their own experience during the psilocybin session. Our secondary goal is to allow the facilitator team to notice and maintain therapeutic boundaries and to respond to participant experiences with empathy and openness in the context of those boundaries (Clinical Trials No: NCT05847686).", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2024-05-07", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0069", "pubmed_id": "40051480", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0069", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Therapeutic touch, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Clinical trial, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Alternative medicine, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396720923\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396720923\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":7,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1973933342\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978969109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055578227\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134718184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792455188\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207068356\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104069668\",\"display_name\":\"John Guy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104052443\",\"display_name\":\"Juliana Pérez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5096909520\",\"display_name\":\"Leslie Lazar Thorn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0069\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396720923" }, { "id": 3632, "title": "Mechanisms Supporting Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "mechanisms supporting psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for alcohol use disorder a randomized controlled clinical trial", "authors": "University of Calgary", "abstract": "The aim of this study is to determine if a single dose of psilocybin administered with motivational enhancement therapy (MET) can reduce heavy drinking in patients with an alcohol use disorder (AUD). The primary objective of this study is to determine if psilocybin administered with a standardized psychotherapeutic intervention, motivational enhancement therapy (MET), can reduce heavy drinking in a patient population with an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Patients with an AUD will be randomly allocated to either a high dose (25mg; active treatment) or a low dose (1mg; active control) psilocybin arm. All participants will receive 5 sessions of MET, starting at 24hrs post-dosing. Heavy drinking will be assessed as percent heavy drinking days using the Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) at baseline and 1-, 4-, and 12-weeks post-dosing. A total of 128 male and female patients between the ages of 22-65 with a moderate to severe AUD diagnosis will be recruited from the community. Participants will undergo a thorough screening procedure and eligible participants will be randomly allocated to the high (N=64) or low (N=64) psilocybin doses. All participants will complete a baseline session consisting of clinical, behavioral, and neuroimaging measures. Following the single dosing session, participants will complete 5 weekly MET sessions. Neuroimaging measures will be assessed again at 1-week post-doing. Clinical and behavioral outcomes will be measured at 1-, 4-, and 12-weeks post-dosing", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-05-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05995769", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Alcoholism, Psilocybin, magic mushrooms, PEX010, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05995769\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1139, "title": "EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression: systematic review and meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "expression of concern efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "British Medical Journal Publishing Group", "abstract": "The journal and the authors are investigating the problem.The study analysed data from randomised trials of psilocybin for the treatment of depression in adults.A methodological concern has been raised about an error in the calculation of standardised mean differences.This is likely to have overestimated the benefits of psilocybin.The authors are reviewing and responding to the error and its implications for the findings and conclusions of the paper.The authors' response will be reviewed by The BMJ who will decide what further action is needed.", "journal": "BMJ", "publication_date": "2024-05-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1136/bmj.q1025", "pubmed_id": "38704154", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q1025", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Meta-analysis, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Psychology, Clinical trial, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396634501\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396634501\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"British Medical Journal Publishing Group\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393917726\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q1025\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396634501" }, { "id": 4631, "title": "Efficacy of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Substance and Alcohol Use Disorders", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of substance and alcohol use disorders", "authors": "Hanna Brancaccio", "abstract": "Introduction: Substance use disorder (SUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are major public health crises, affecting millions of Americans. Current treatment options include behavioral therapies and medications. In this review, we explored psilocybin’s efficacy in treating SUD and AUD. Methods: Key terms were used to search databases to identify articles that addressed psilocybin in the treatment of SUD. Included in the review were indexed, peer-reviewed, primary sources that were published within the last 10 years. Excluded studies were non-peer reviewed, not relevant to the thesis, and did not have an English translation. Results: The psychodynamic antidepressant effects of psilocybin mark its potential as treatment for depression and other mental health disorders. Clinical trials investigating the efficacy of psilocybin as a complement to psychotherapy for AUD reported notable an overall decrease in alcohol consumption compared to control groups. Similarly, other trials concluded that participants reported improvement of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, participants suffering from mental health disorders who experimented with microdosing reported improved focus, confidence, and relationships alongside decreased social anxiety. Animal models proved that psilocybin disrupted alcohol-related memories and alcohol-seeking behaviors; thus, psilocybin therapy may be beneficial in preventing relapse in patients with AUD. Discussion: Current studies show that psilocybin has potential as a treatment for SUD and AUD. Studies on psilocybin have various limitations, such as small sample sizes, reliance on self-reported data, and the inability to fully replicate the psychedelic experience in animal models. Despite limitations, these findings provide a strong rationale for conducting future high quality research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.149_2024", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.149_2024", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Substance use, Alcohol, Psychiatry, Alcohol use disorder, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Psychology, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401380403\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401380403\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114746034\",\"display_name\":\"Hanna Brancaccio\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8005-9276\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.149_2024\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401380403" }, { "id": 1103, "title": "At the Forefront: Social Workers’ Role in Psilocybin Treatment for Depression and Substance Misuse", "normalized_title": "at the forefront social workers role in psilocybin treatment for depression and substance misuse", "authors": "Claire Parker, Bethany Wood", "abstract": "This article underscores the critical role of social workers in harnessing the potential therapeutic benefits of psilocybin for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance use disorder (SUD). Contemporary treatments for MDD often have side effects, and the success rate for SUD treatments remains low. The pervasiveness of MDD, combined with the challenges in treating SUD, highlights a need for innovative treatments. This article provides an overview of the resurgence of literature over the past two decades that illuminates the therapeutic promise of psilocybin for mental health treatment; clinical trials elucidate the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in mitigating MDD and demonstrate great promise in reducing SUD symptoms. The long-lasting posttreatment effect emphasizes its potential as a novel treatment modality. Furthermore, psilocybin's recognition as a \"breakthrough therapy\" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the accelerating pace of psychedelic reform bills indicate growing acceptance and interest in its therapeutic capacities. Psilocybin-assisted therapy emerges as a potent treatment option, showcasing remarkable effectiveness even after a single dose. Recommendations and pathways for social workers to be involved in psilocybin-assisted therapy investigation, advocacy, and implementation are provided.", "journal": "Social Work", "publication_date": "2024-05-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1093/sw/swae019", "pubmed_id": "38697188", "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swae019", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Substance abuse, Medicine, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396599639\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396599639\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1573741172\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981417884\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998744330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079676659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093994427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136772960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162097818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2509970222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515306146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589250705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792053282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108218550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167074068\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210332402\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385706490\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386638047\",\"https://openalex.org/W6808219749\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081534232\",\"display_name\":\"Claire Parker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7364-7046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031958491\",\"display_name\":\"Bethany Wood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1367-0508\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S961603\",\"source_display_name\":\"Social Work\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swae019\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396599639" }, { "id": 1142, "title": "Efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression: systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Metaxa AM, Clarke M.", "abstract": "ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of psilocybin as an antidepressant compared with placebo or non-psychoactive drugs.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesFive electronic databases of published literature (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index and Conference Proceedings Citation Index, and PsycInfo) and four databases of unpublished and international literature (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and PsycEXTRA), and handsearching of reference lists, conference proceedings, and abstracts.Data synthesis and study qualityInformation on potential treatment effect moderators was extracted, including depression type (primary or secondary), previous use of psychedelics, psilocybin dosage, type of outcome measure (clinician rated or self-reported), and personal characteristics (eg, age, sex). Data were synthesised using a random effects meta-analysis model, and observed heterogeneity and the effect of covariates were investigated with subgroup analyses and metaregression. Hedges’ g was used as a measure of treatment effect size, to account for small sample effects and substantial differences between the included studies’ sample sizes. Study quality was appraised using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 tool, and the quality of the aggregated evidence was evaluated using GRADE guidelines.Eligibility criteriaRandomised trials in which psilocybin was administered as a standalone treatment for adults with clinically significant symptoms of depression and change in symptoms was measured using a validated clinician rated or self-report scale. Studies with directive psychotherapy were included if the psychotherapeutic component was present in both experimental and control conditions. Participants with depression regardless of comorbidities (eg, cancer) were eligible.ResultsMeta-analysis on 436 participants (228 female participants), average age 36-60 years, from seven of the nine included studies showed a significant benefit of psilocybin (Hedges’ g=0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46 to 0.86, P", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1136/bmj-2023-078084", "pubmed_id": "38692686", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078084", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38692686\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1158, "title": "In vitro and in vivo metabolism of psilocybin’s active metabolite psilocin", "normalized_title": "in vitro and in vivo metabolism of psilocybin s active metabolite psilocin", "authors": "Jan Thomann, Karolina E. Kolaczynska, Oliver V Stoeckmann, Deborah Rudin, Patrick Vizeli, Marius C. Hoener, Christopher R. Pryce, Franz X. Vollenweider, Matthias E. Liechti, Urs Duthaler", "abstract": "In vivo, psilocybin is rapidly dephosphorylated to psilocin which induces psychedelic effects by interacting with the 5-HT2A receptor. Psilocin primarily undergoes glucuronidation or conversion to 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (4-HIAA). Herein, we investigated psilocybin’s metabolic pathways in vitro and in vivo, conducting a thorough analysis of the enzymes involved. Metabolism studies were performed using human liver microsomes (HLM), cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, monoamine oxidase (MAO), and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT). In vivo, metabolism was examined using male C57BL/6J mice and human plasma samples. Approximately 29% of psilocin was metabolized by HLM, while recombinant CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 enzymes metabolized nearly 100% and 40% of psilocin, respectively. Notably, 4-HIAA and 4-hydroxytryptophol (4-HTP) were detected with HLM but not with recombinant CYPs. MAO-A transformed psilocin into minimal amounts of 4-HIAA and 4-HTP. 4-HTP was only present in vitro. Neither 4-HIAA nor 4-HTP showed relevant interactions at assessed 5-HT receptors. In contrast to in vivo data, UGT1A10 did not extensively metabolize psilocin in vitro. Furthermore, two putative metabolites were observed. N -methyl-4-hydroxytryptamine (norpsilocin) was identified in vitro (CYP2D6) and in mice, while an oxidized metabolite was detected in vitro (CYP2D6) and in humans. However, the CYP2D6 genotype did not influence psilocin plasma concentrations in the investigated study population. In conclusion, MAO-A, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 are involved in psilocin’s metabolism. The discovery of putative norpsilocin in mice and oxidized psilocin in humans further unravels psilocin’s metabolism. Despite limitations in replicating phase II metabolism in vitro, these findings hold significance for studying drug-drug interactions and advancing research on psilocybin as a therapeutic agent.", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-04-28", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2024.1391689", "pubmed_id": "38741590", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1391689", "keywords": "Metabolite, Glucuronidation, Cytochrome P450, In vivo, Psilocybin, Biochemistry, Metabolism, In vitro, CYP3A4, Chemistry, CYP2D6, Drug metabolism, Microsome, Biology, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Biotechnology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":16,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":52,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W135677869\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972924963\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976195943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981491788\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993617813\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013374926\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021635654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038839611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060869897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093658818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104058573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130973111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161620765\",\"https://openalex.org/W2327221240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407151076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410411229\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411998515\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2573513868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2734417270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753941774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2936948587\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981329862\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008629222\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095776327\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113337956\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165686539\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308925280\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4377940122\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378174725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388232073\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390671187\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392615014\",\"https://openalex.org/W6713506532\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063838454\",\"display_name\":\"Jan Thomann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-2671\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055068028\",\"display_name\":\"Karolina E. Kolaczynska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1714-0758\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090410409\",\"display_name\":\"Oliver V Stoeckmann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013388478\",\"display_name\":\"Deborah Rudin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3069-9732\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023301996\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick Vizeli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5954-4446\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039060911\",\"display_name\":\"Marius C. Hoener\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6510-6250\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011601366\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher R. Pryce\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-4690\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071962736\",\"display_name\":\"Matthias E. Liechti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1765-9659\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024133720\",\"display_name\":\"Urs Duthaler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7811-3932\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1391689\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396224564" }, { "id": 1013, "title": "Psilocybin restrains activity-based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility: contributions from 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin restrains activity based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility contributions from 5 ht1a and 5 ht2a receptor mechanisms", "authors": "Kyna-Anne Conn, Laura K Milton, Kaixin Huang, Hermany Munguba, Janika Ruuska, M. B. Lemus, Erin Greaves, Jihane Homman-Ludiye, Brian J. Oldfield, Claire J. Foldi", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise for alleviating symptoms of depression and is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN), a condition that is characterised by persistent cognitive inflexibility. Considering that enhanced cognitive flexibility after psilocybin treatment is reported to occur in individuals with depression, it is plausible that psilocybin could improve symptoms of AN by breaking down cognitive inflexibility. A mechanistic understanding of the actions of psilocybin is required to tailor the clinical application of psilocybin to individuals most likely to respond with positive outcomes. This can only be achieved using incisive neurobiological approaches in animal models. Here, we use the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rat model and comprehensively assess aspects of reinforcement learning to show that psilocybin (post-acutely) improves body weight maintenance in female rats and facilitates cognitive flexibility, specifically via improved adaptation to the initial reversal of reward contingencies. Further, we reveal the involvement of signalling through the serotonin (5-HT) 1 A and 5-HT2A receptor subtypes in specific aspects of learning, demonstrating that 5-HT1A antagonism negates the cognitive enhancing effects of psilocybin. Moreover, we show that psilocybin elicits a transient increase and decrease in cortical transcription of these receptors (Htr2a and Htr1a, respectively), and a further reduction in the abundance of Htr2a transcripts in rats exposed to the ABA model. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that psilocybin could ameliorate cognitive inflexibility in the context of AN and highlight a need to better understand the therapeutic mechanisms independent of 5-HT2A receptor binding.", "journal": "Molecular Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-04-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-024-02575-9", "pubmed_id": "38678087", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02575-9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Cognitive flexibility, Psychology, Cognition, Hallucinogen, Neuroscience, Flexibility (engineering), Context (archaeology), Clinical psychology, Pharmacology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Biology, Statistics, Mathematics, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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Conn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-7885\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010010872\",\"display_name\":\"Laura K Milton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1664-8337\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061059143\",\"display_name\":\"Kaixin Huang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9746-7947\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044072275\",\"display_name\":\"Hermany Munguba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-8423\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082990162\",\"display_name\":\"Janika Ruuska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3978-2033\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109664606\",\"display_name\":\"M. B. Lemus\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045433632\",\"display_name\":\"Erin Greaves\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9165-5851\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039407232\",\"display_name\":\"Jihane Homman-Ludiye\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6689-1457\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041876284\",\"display_name\":\"Brian J. Oldfield\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-6589\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003584852\",\"display_name\":\"Claire J. Foldi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-8242\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S71149355\",\"source_display_name\":\"Molecular Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02575-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4395688958" }, { "id": 1161, "title": "The ‘PSILAUT’ protocol: an experimental medicine study of autistic differences in the function of brain serotonin targets of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "the psilaut protocol an experimental medicine study of autistic differences in the function of brain serotonin targets of psilocybin", "authors": "Tobias P. Whelan, Eileen Daly, Nicolaas A.J. Puts, Paula Smith, Carrie Allison, Simon Baron-Cohen, Ekaterina Malievskaia, Declan Murphy, Gráinne McAlonan", "abstract": "Abstract Background The underlying neurobiology of the complex autism phenotype remains obscure, although accumulating evidence implicates the serotonin system and especially the 5HT 2A receptor. However, previous research has largely relied upon association or correlation studies to link differences in serotonin targets to autism. To directly establish that serotonergic signalling is involved in a candidate brain function our approach is to change it and observe a shift in that function. We will use psilocybin as a pharmacological probe of the serotonin system in vivo. We will directly test the hypothesis that serotonergic targets of psilocybin - principally, but not exclusively, 5HT 2A receptor pathways-function differently in autistic and non-autistic adults. Methods The ‘PSILAUT’ “shiftability” study is a case-control study autistic and non-autistic adults. How neural responses ‘shift’ in response to low doses (2 mg and 5 mg) of psilocybin compared to placebo will be examined using multimodal techniques including functional MRI and EEG. Each participant will attend on up to three separate visits with drug or placebo administration in a double-blind and randomized order. Results This study will provide the first direct evidence that the serotonin targets of psilocybin function differently in the autistic and non-autistic brain. We will also examine individual differences in serotonin system function. Conclusions This work will inform our understanding of the neurobiology of autism as well as decisions about future clinical trials of psilocybin and/or related compounds including stratification approaches. Trial registration NCT05651126.", "journal": "BMC Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-04-24", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1186/s12888-024-05768-2", "pubmed_id": "38658877", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05768-2", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Brain function, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Serotonin, Autism, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4395462414\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4395462414\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":8,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1937584142\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980309199\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000945505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013293748\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035017299\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039430858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047558255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052287752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063272101\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104049715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104220482\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105884882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106233797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107939870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116795013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118492070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128639372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134822928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142648296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143385359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166856551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167109095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167154648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2175115710\",\"https://openalex.org/W2338365977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2418711796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553251493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596633716\",\"https://openalex.org/W2606031557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2617984397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2673693764\",\"https://openalex.org/W2730632269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2774583282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775647200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2910119172\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912136564\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912974605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917083620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923100148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2927650891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951080359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953662225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990066922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996549067\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010608265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015902292\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022341008\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122693937\",\"https://openalex.org/W3123709594\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136090087\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175962986\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180355975\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204735568\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205105949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225257190\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280563911\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281687410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292264383\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294333904\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296483653\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300960088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307476003\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308394105\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387741446\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390110323\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391652976\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062387012\",\"display_name\":\"Tobias P. Whelan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9497-5961\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064639047\",\"display_name\":\"Eileen Daly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3625-3467\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075585675\",\"display_name\":\"Nicolaas A.J. Puts\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1024-1927\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103026687\",\"display_name\":\"Paula Smith\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-0294\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065264141\",\"display_name\":\"Carrie Allison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-2090\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039112406\",\"display_name\":\"Simon Baron-Cohen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-2544\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044519122\",\"display_name\":\"Declan Murphy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7451\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053930432\",\"display_name\":\"Gráinne McAlonan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4466-2343\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S94610253\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMC Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05768-2\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4395462414" }, { "id": 1162, "title": "Psilocybin therapy and anorexia nervosa: a narrative review of safety considerations for researchers and clinicians.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy and anorexia nervosa a narrative review of safety considerations for researchers and clinicians", "authors": "Downey AE, Chaphekar AV, Woolley J, Raymond-Flesch M.", "abstract": "BackgroundClinical trials using psilocybin therapy to treat anorexia nervosa (AN) are currently underway. The safety and tolerability of psilocybin is of utmost importance in individuals with AN who may present unique medical vulnerabilities. The purpose of this review is to describe how the common physiologic adverse effects of psilocybin may impact medical complications experienced by individuals with AN in clinical trials of psilocybin therapy.Main bodyThe physiologic underpinnings of common adverse effects following psilocybin administration are described, including tachycardia, hypertension, electrocardiogram changes, nausea, headache, and lightheadedness. These anticipated physiologic changes are described in relation to the common medical correlates seen in individuals with AN. Risk mitigation strategies for each adverse effect are proposed.ConclusionEarly evidence suggests that psilocybin therapy is well-tolerated in individuals with AN. Understanding the unique medical complications of AN, and how they may be impacted by common physiologic adverse effects of psilocybin administration, leads to tailored risk mitigation strategies to enhance safety and tolerability of this novel intervention.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1186/s40337-024-01005-z", "pubmed_id": "38659049", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-01005-z", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38659049\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4638, "title": "MedCheck: Psilocybin for Depression, LSD for Anxiety, Donanemab, LSD, and More", "normalized_title": "medcheck psilocybin for depression lsd for anxiety donanemab lsd and more", "authors": "Terri D’Arrigo", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Med CheckFull AccessMedCheck: Psilocybin for Depression, LSD for Anxiety, Donanemab, LSD, and MoreTerri D'ArrigoTerri D'ArrigoPublished Online:23 Apr 2024https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.05.5.1Vanda Gets Yes for Iloperidone for Bipolar, No for InsomniaVanda Pharmaceuticals Inc. announced in April that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the antipsychotic Fanapt (iloperidone) for the acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder in adults. Iloperidone has been approved for the acute treatment of schizophrenia since 2009.The approval was based on a phase 3 clinical trial of 414 adults with a history of bipolar I disorder. After four weeks of treatment, patients treated with iloperidone exhibited a 14-point drop on the Young Mania Rating Scale, compared with a 10-point drop among patients taking placebo. A statistically significant difference in mania improvement between iloperidone and placebo was evident after two weeks.The success of iloperidone offsets the decision that Vanda received in March, when the FDA rejected its melatonin receptor-blocking drug Hetlioz (tasimelteon) as a treatment for insomnia. The agency stated that it \"identified deficiencies that precluded discussion of labeling and postmarketing requirements/commitments.\"Psilocybin Analog Gets Breakthrough Designation From FDAIn March, the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to the psilocybin analog CYB003 for the adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), Cybin announced. The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy designation expedites the development and review of drugs for serious conditions. The criteria for Breakthrough Therapy designation require preliminary clinical evidence that indicates that the drug may demonstrate substantial improvement over available therapy on at least one clinically significant endpoint.The Breakthrough Designation was based on data from a phase 2 trial that compared CYB003 and placebo in 34 patients with moderate to severe MDD. Patients in the trial who received two doses of either 12 mg or 16 mg of CYB003 experienced an average 22-point reduction from baseline on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) after four months. Sixty percent of patients who received 12 mg and 75% of those who received 16 mg were in remission (MADRS score of less than or equal to 10) after four months.There were no drug-related serious adverse events, incidents of suicidal ideation or behavior, or discontinuations due to adverse events.Form of LSD Granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for AnxietyThe FDA also gave Breakthrough Therapy designation to another psychedelic therapy in March, Mind Medicine Inc's MM120 (lysergide d-tartrate) for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. MM120 is a tartrate salt form of lysergide, more commonly known as LSD. The FDA granted the designation based on data from the phase 2 MMED008 study.The study included 194 patients who had severe symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder with an average baseline score of roughly 30 on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Patients were then randomized to receive treatment with 25, 50, 100, or 200 μg of MM120 or placebo. Those who received 100 µg had an average 21.3-point reduction in HAM-A score at week 4, compared with an average reduction of 13.7-point reduction in those who took placebo. Results were similar at week 12, suggesting this medication provides a durable response.Pimavanserin Fails Phase 3 Schizophrenia TrialPatients with schizophrenia who took Nuplazid (pimavanserin) in the phase 3 ADVANCE-2 trial did not experience a statistically significant improvement in their negative symptoms compared with patients who took placebo, Acadia Pharmaceuticals announced in March.In the 26-week trial, 454 adults with predominant negative symptoms of schizophrenia were randomized to receive either two 17 mg tablets of pimavanserin or placebo daily. At study's end, those who took pimavanserin experienced a mean reduction of 11.8 points from baseline on the Negative Symptom Assessment-16, compared with a mean reduction of 11.1 points among those in the placebo group.\"We are disappointed the trial did not meet its primary endpoint given the significant unmet need in patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia,\" said Steve Davis, J.D., Acadia's chief executive officer in the announcement. \"We will continue to analyze these data with our scientific advisors, but we do not intend to conduct any further clinical trials with pimavanserin.\"FDA Meeting Will Delay Decision on Donanemab For Early Alzheimer'sIn March Eli Lilly & Co. announced that the FDA's Peripheral and Central Nervous System Drugs Advisory Committee will hold a meeting to discuss the Phase 3 TRAILBLAZER-ALZ2 trial on the efficacy and safety of donanemab in early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease. As Psychiatric News went to press, the FDA had not yet set a date for the meeting. Lilly had expected the FDA to approve donanemab in the first quarter of 2024, and this meeting will delay that decision.According to the statement by Lilly, the FDA wanted to further understand the safety results in donanemab-treated patients and how the unique trial design of the TRAILBLAZER-ALZ2 study might affect efficacy findings. The study required participants to have evidence of both amyloid and tau pathology and featured a limited-duration dosing regimen that allowed patients to complete treatment based on an assessment of amyloid plaque.The FDA had previously granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to donanemab based on the Phase 2 clinical trial TRAILBLAZER-ALZ. In that trial, patients who received donanemab experienced less cognitive and functional decline over the course of the trial, as measured by the change from baseline on the Integrated Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale.The FDA later declined to accept donanemab into the accelerated approval pathway. ■ ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2024-04-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2024.05.5.1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.05.5.1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Depression (economics), Psychology, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Internal medicine, Serotonin, Economics, Macroeconomics, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4395032120\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4395032120\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:cyb003\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056763663\",\"display_name\":\"Terri D’Arrigo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.05.5.1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4395032120" }, { "id": 3366, "title": "The selective 5-HT2A receptor agonist LPH-5 induces persistent and robust antidepressant-like effects in rodents", "normalized_title": "the selective 5 ht2a receptor agonist lph 5 induces persistent and robust antidepressant like effects in rodents", "authors": "Jensen AA, Cecchi CR, Hibicke M, Bach AH, Kaadt E, Märcher-Rørsted E, Nichols CD, Elfving B, Kristensen JL.", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has over the last decade emerged as a promising treatment strategy for mental health disease, and the therapeutic potential in classical psychedelics such as psilocybin, LSD and 5-MeO-DMT is presently being pursued in a plethora of clinical trials. However, the resurgent interest in the drugs as therapeutics has also prompted a search for novel agents with more specific pharmacological activities than the rather promiscuous classical psychedelics. Here we present the results of an elaborate preclinical characterization of one such compound, LPH-5 [( S )-3-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperidine]. LPH-5 was found to be a potent partial agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2A R) and to exhibit pronounced selectivity for this receptor over the related 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptors in a range of functional assays. LPH-5 (0.375 - 12.0 mg/kg, i.p. ) dose-dependently induced head-twitch responses (HTR) in Sprague Dawley rats, with substantial 5-HT2A R engagement being observed at 0.5-1.0 mg/kg. Acute administration of LPH-5 (1.5 mg/kg, i.p.) induced robust antidepressant-like effects in Flinders Sensitive Line rats and adrenocorticotropic hormone-treated Sprague Dawley rats, and LPH-5 (0.3 and 1.5 mg/kg, i.p.) induced significant effects in a recently developed Wistar Kyoto rat model proposed to reflect the long-term antidepressant-like effects produced by psychedelics in humans. In conclusion, selective 5-HT2A R activation, as mediated here by LPH- 5, seems to hold antidepressant potential, suggesting that this activity component is key for the beneficial effects of classical psychedelics. Hence, we propose that LPH-5 and other 5-HT2A R- selective agonists could hold potential as therapeutics in psychiatric disease as a new generation of psychedelic-derived antidepressant.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-04-21", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.04.19.590212", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.04.19.590212", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR841168\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3434, "title": "The Effect of Psilocybin on MDD Symptom Severity and Synaptic Density - A Single Dose Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo- Controlled Phase 2 Positron Emission Tomography Study", "normalized_title": "the effect of psilocybin on mdd symptom severity and synaptic density a single dose randomized double blind placebo controlled phase 2 positron emission tomography study", "authors": "Section for Affective Disorders; Northern Stockholm Psychiatry", "abstract": "PROTOCOL SYNOPSIS Title The effect of psilocybin on Major depressive disorder (MDD) symptom severity and synaptic density - a single dose randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b positron emission tomography study Study Code PSIPET Name of Sponsor SLSO Organisationsnr: 232100-0016 Sponsor representative: Andreas Carlborg Norra Stockholms Psykiatri Vårdvägen 3 112 19 Stockholm Sweden Medical Monitor Inspira Medical AB Phase of Study Phase 2b Sample Size 30 randomized Name of Investigational Product (IP) Psilocybin, 3-\\[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl\\]-1H-indol-4-yl\\] dihydrogen phosphate Name of Active Placebo Niacin EudraCT 2020-002790-94 Description of IP and Active Placebo PSIPET Protocol 5 200821 Page 14 Study Intervention Name: Psilocybin (active drug product) Niacin (active placebo product) Dosage formulation: One active capsule contains 25 mg of psilocybin One active placebo capsule contains 100 mg of niacin Capsule: Size 2 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), opaque Size 2 HPMC, opaque Unit dose strength: 25 mg 100 mg Route of Administration: Oral (solid dose) Oral (solid dose) Dosing instructions: One capsule administered with water One capsule administered with water Packaging and Labeling: Study Intervention will be provided in a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottle. Each bottle will contain one capsule (psilocybin or niacin) and will be labeled as required per Swedish requirement for blinded study. Study Description and Overview Thirty participants (males and females) ages 20 to 65 inclusive, who, at Screening, meet ICD-10 criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD), have a current depressive episode of at least 30-day duration, have a Screening Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score \\>= 22 and meet all other inclusion/exclusion criteria will be randomized with a 1-to-1 allocation under double-blind conditions to receive a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin or a single 100 mg oral dose of niacin. Niacin will serve as an active placebo control that provides an acute physiological response (flushing) that is intended to aid in blinding of intervention allocation. All randomized participants will be included in the Full Analysis Set (FAS) population used in analyzing primary and secondary study endpoints. Only participants who meet depressive symptom severity criteria at web screening (MADRS self-rating (MADRS-S) score \\> =19) and who do not show an unacceptably large degree of symptom improvement between the web screening and in-person screening (indexed by change in MADRS-S (improvement) 30% (MADRS representing web screening will be approximated to MADRS-S + 3) will be eligible for randomization. This is to minimize the risk for spontaneous remission before dosing. Participants deemed eligible following successful completion of all screening assessments including a structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination will be determined as eligible. Eligible participants at Baseline will submit cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), submit blood samples, be examined with positron emission tomography (PET) and the radioligand \\[11C\\]UCB-J and receive one preparation session (see further below) to be eligible for randomization on Dosing (Day 0) to receive either psilocybin or niacin active-placebo. They will complete follow-up visits, including outcome measures assessments, on study Day 1, 8, 15, 42 and 365 (within corresponding visit windows). At day 15 the sampling of CSF, blood and \\[11C\\]UCB-J PET will be repeated. PSIPET Protocol 5 200821 Page 15 After day 42, all participants will be given follow-up visits at Norra Stockholms Psykiatri for up to one year after dosing, to study dedicated physicians or nurses at a frequency determined by the health care professional. If needed to reach/stay in remission, the participants will be provided antidepressant treatment in accordance with the regional guidelines for antidepressant treatment (https://psykiatristod.se/regionala-vardprogram/ depression). At least monthly the participants will be asked to provide on-line symptom rating data (via 1177.se). At the 365-day visit, symptoms will be evaluated using MADRS, Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI-I) and Severity (CGI-S) scales. After completing the study (one year or withdrawal), participants will be subject to standard care, including referral in accordance with regional guidelines. The study outcome measures will be used to assess depressive symptoms, clinical global functioning, functional disability, anxiety symptoms and health-related quality of life. Safety outcome measures will be collected at all assessment time points from the time of consent through the end of study. To enhance participant safety, the current study proposes to test psilocybin within a \"set and setting\" (SaS) protocol similar to the protocol that has been used in all modern studies of psilocybin in both diseased and normal healthy populations. The SaS protocol for this study includes: 1) a preparation with session Facilitators (licensed psychologists) prior to dosing; 2) administration of study medications in an aesthetically neutral room under the supervision of two Facilitators who are present throughout the session (with the exception of short, temporary allowances for facilitator breaks; e.g. bathroom breaks); and 3) three post-dose integration sessions during which participants are encouraged to discuss their intervention experience with the Facilitators. To evaluate the Facilitators' adherence to the study manual, and the role of Facilitators' and participants' in-session behaviors for treatment outcome, all five sessions in the trial with Facilitators present will be recorded. The SaS will be identical for those randomized to psilocybin or niacin active placebo. Study Duration The planned maximum study duration for each participant will be approximately one year, with variation primarily dependent on the length of the screening period, the number of days between baseline and dosing, and the visit windows provided for each post-dose assessment. For each participant, the study will be divided into two phases: Phase A or treatment phase (day 0 to and including day 42), and phase B or follow-up phase (day 43 -365). The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin for major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to an active placebo (niacin) in otherwise medically-healthy participants between the ages of 20 and 65, assessed as the difference between groups in changes in depressive symptoms. Primary Outcome Measure Change in blinded rater MADRS total score from Baseline to Day 8.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-04-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04630964", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Depression, Psilocybin, Niacin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04630964\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1040, "title": "Emerging drugs in phase II and III clinical development for the treatment of alcohol use disorder.", "normalized_title": "emerging drugs in phase ii and iii clinical development for the treatment of alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Köhne S, Hillemacher T, Glahn A, Bach P.", "abstract": "IntroductionAlcohol Use Disorder (AUD) poses an ongoing significant global health burden. AUD is highly prevalent and affects not only the individuals with AUD, but also their communities and society at large. Even though pharmacotherapy is an integral part of AUD treatment, the few available substances show limited efficacy and limited clinical impact. Thus, there is a need for new innovative pharmacotherapeutic approaches.Areas coveredThis paper provides a comprehensive review of drugs approved for the treatment of AUD as well as those currently in phase II and III development. Data from recent clinical trials has been reviewed and supplemented by additional literature based on a systematic search of the PubMed database and clinical trials registries. Compounds discussed include disulfiram, naltrexone, nalmefene, acamprosat, baclofen, sodium oxybate, doxazosin, varenicline, zonisamide, gabapentin, apremilast, ibudilast, ivermectin, tolcapone, mifepristone, suvorexant, ketamine, psilocybin, semaglutide, oxytocin and cannabidiol.Expert opinionEven though the majority of the discussed compounds lack sufficient evidence to support their efficacy, multiple promising new treatment options are currently under investigation. Future research has to consider specific phenotypes and subgroups of AUD as well as a possible enhancement of the effects of psychotherapy through combination with pharmacotherapy. Practitioners should be encouraged to use available compounds to support existing therapeutic regimens.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/14728214.2024.2342951", "pubmed_id": "38606899", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2342951", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Alcoholism, Alcohol Deterrents, Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic, Drug Development", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38606899\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1166, "title": "Psychological flexibility as a mechanism of change in psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depression: results from an exploratory placebo-controlled trial", "normalized_title": "psychological flexibility as a mechanism of change in psilocybin assisted therapy for major depression results from an exploratory placebo controlled trial", "authors": "Jordan Sloshower, Richard J. Zeifman, Jeffrey Guss, Robert Krause, Hamideh Safi-Aghdam, Surbhi Pathania, Brian Pittman, Deepak Cyril D’Souza", "abstract": "Several phase II studies have demonstrated that psilocybin-assisted therapy shows therapeutic potential across a spectrum of neuropsychiatric conditions, including major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the mechanisms underlying its often persisting beneficial effects remain unclear. Observational research suggests that improvements in psychological flexibility may mediate therapeutic effects. However, no psychedelic trials to date have substantiated this finding in a clinical sample. In an exploratory placebo-controlled, within-subject, fixed-order study, individuals with moderate to severe MDD were administered placebo (n = 19) followed by psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) (n = 15) 4 weeks later. Dosing sessions were embedded within a manualized psychotherapy that incorporated principles of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Depression severity, psychological flexibility, mindfulness, and values-congruent living were measured over a 16-weeks study period. Psychological flexibility, several facets of mindfulness, and values-congruent living significantly improved following psilocybin and were maintained through week 16. Additionally, improvements in psychological flexibility and experiential acceptance were strongly associated with reductions in depression severity following psilocybin. These findings support the theoretical premise of integrating psilocybin treatment with psychotherapeutic platforms that target psychological flexibility and add to emerging evidence that increasing psychological flexibility may be an important putative mechanism of change in psilocybin-assisted therapy for MDD and potentially, other mental health conditions.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-04-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-58318-x", "pubmed_id": "38632313", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58318-x", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mindfulness, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Flexibility (engineering), Placebo, Major depressive disorder, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Depression (economics), Experiential avoidance, Mechanism (biology), Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Mood, Intervention (counseling), Alternative medicine, Epistemology, Pathology, Economics, Philosophy, Macroeconomics, Mathematics, Statistics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":53,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1749626057\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966524739\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973885027\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009519330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091415950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141463901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165406796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173679640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2249212493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346040660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2395013989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616273018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2625353282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791765313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885455509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2893135637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895645150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899976521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938570586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996702784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999261467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999489633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999812626\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004759948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013642457\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090239575\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095167357\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193146023\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215602110\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220790925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220874144\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281703399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4284665615\",\"https://openalex.org/W4284713495\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295997603\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382776629\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387674199\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080146983\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Sloshower\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000949886\",\"display_name\":\"Richard J. Zeifman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-4483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063135046\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Krause\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6916-5781\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045156614\",\"display_name\":\"Hamideh Safi-Aghdam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040839772\",\"display_name\":\"Surbhi Pathania\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056238262\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Pittman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-5604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081806198\",\"display_name\":\"Deepak Cyril D’Souza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-1462\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58318-x\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Psychological Flexibility,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4394886406" }, { "id": 3726, "title": "[Psychedelic psychiatry].", "normalized_title": "psychedelic psychiatry", "authors": "López E, Yngwe H, Beckman M, Tiger M, Hieronymus F, Lundberg J.", "abstract": "In the last 20 years there has been an increased interest in research on psychedelic compounds for treatment of psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety and substance use disorders. Despite existing treatments being efficacious for many patients, this is not the case for up to a third of the patients with depression. Additionally, treatments are often long and associated with side effects. This review focuses on the psychedelic compound psilocybin, a serotonin-2A-receptor agonist that has been seen to reduce depression and anxiety in patients after administration of only a single dose, with effects lasting several weeks. Recent findings from phase II studies suggest that psilocybin treatment for depression is safe and efficacious. A phase III study is currently recruiting. Whether psychedelics will become a part of standard healthcare remains to be seen, but findings do give rise to cautious optimism.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "38572715", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/38572715", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:08:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38572715\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3610, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial Comparing One Versus Two Psychedelic Doses of Psilocybin (PSI-1V2)", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression a randomized phase ii clinical trial comparing one versus two psychedelic doses of psilocybin psi 1v2", "authors": "University Health Network, Toronto", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to see if one or two doses of psilocybin is more effective in relieving depressive symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Researchers also want to know if a second dose of psilocybin is safe and well-tolerated. This study will see if psilocybin is effective, safe, and well-tolerated by tracking changes in depressive symptoms, suicidality, and side effects. This study will also see if a second dose of psilocybin has an effect on quality of life, functioning, cognition (thinking, reasoning, remembering), and how long depressive symptoms improve (or worsen) after psilocybin is administered. During the past decade, there has been increased interest in the use of psilocybin as a novel treatment for mental health disorders, including treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Recent studies have suggested that psilocybin has the potential to relieve depressive symptoms when combined with psychotherapy (i.e., psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy \\[PAP\\]). Each psilocybin dosing session requires the use of extensive resources, including two specialized therapists supporting the patient for 6-8 hours per dosing session. If two doses of psilocybin prove to be more effective than a single dose of psilocybin in relieving depressive symptoms, then two doses should be the standard intervention for future trials and clinical application. However, if a second dose of psilocybin does not offer increased anti-depressant benefit from the first dose, then a second dose of psilocybin would only increase the risk of adverse side effects and cost of treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine whether a second dose of psilocybin provides better efficacy, safety and tolerability than a single dose. The investigators hypothesize that two doses of psilocybin will be more beneficial compared to a single dose, and that there will be no significant difference between the groups (one dose versus two doses) in safety or tolerability. The primary objective of assessing antidepressant efficacy will be evaluated by the change in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) between baseline and Week 8. Safety and tolerability will be assessed using standardized adverse effects monitoring, in addition to close participant monitoring during the dosing day (e.g., blood pressure changes, dissociative and psychotomimetic effects, treatment-emergent manic symptoms, and suicidality). Secondary objectives include evaluating the effects of one versus two psilocybin doses on suicidality, quality of life, functioning, cognition, and duration of clinical benefits during the six month observational follow-up period. Exploratory objectives include evaluating predictors of response, such as static and dynamic clinical factors and expectancy effects, and cost-effectiveness of one versus two psilocybin doses.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-04-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06341426", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Depression, Treatment-Resistant Depression, Mood Disorders, Single Psychedelic Dose Psilocybin, Two Psychedelic Doses Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06341426\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4658, "title": "Current situation regarding psychedelics and magic mushroom in Korea", "normalized_title": "current situation regarding psychedelics and magic mushroom in korea", "authors": "J. S. Seo", "abstract": "Introduction Recently, the pros and cons have been debating in Korea even before the approval of use of medical marijuana with very strict limitations. And the next controversial topic is psychedelics. In 1890, when mescaline was first isolated from peyote cactus, clinical researches began, but due to its harmful effects, it was thereafter legally prohibited in 1970 in USA. However, a pernicious debate over the medical efficacy of psychedelic drugs has begun again with the release of a study that uses psychedelic mushrooms to be effective against treatment-resistant depression, alcohol dependence, and depression and anxiety in terminal cancer patient. Objectives To make a consensus on the medical use of these, we reviewed wild mushrooms containing hallucinogenic ingredients living in Korea. Methods To make a consensus on the medical use of these, we reviewed wild mushrooms containing hallucinogenic ingredients living in Korea. Results Mushrooms have long been popular as a food ingredient in Korea. Psilocybin, a classical psychedelic, can be obtained from magic mushroom (Psilocybe cubensis). The psilocybin on the CNS and causes hallucinations. Intoxication symptoms include pleasant or nervousness, sudden laughter, hallucinations, visual impairment, tachycardia and hypertension, reflexes, agitation, cognitive impairment, confusion, and aggressive behavior. These symptoms last for 2-4 hours after ingestion, and most disappear within six hours. Among 114 species of Psilocybe containing psilocybin around the world, only five wild mushrooms found in Korea that cause nervous system hallucinations are as follows: P. argentipes, P. coprophila, P. perdaria, and P. subcarulipes. In Korea, there is acute poisoning case suffering with GI symptoms caused by mushrooms, but it is difficult to find records of abuse or dependences case caused by psychedelic mushrooms. In addition, although oriental medicine treatment is relatively active, it is not used as an herbal medicine. Conclusions Currently, the Korean government classifies psychedelic mushroom-derived substances, Psilocybin and Psilocin, as psychotropic drugs by law. If researcher intends to clinical trial with eve very small amount of it for academic purpose, it is only possible after obtaining approval from Korean FDA. In order to determine the usefulness of psychedelics, many clinical studies are needed in Korea. Disclosure of Interest None Declared", "journal": "European Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-03-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1695", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1695", "keywords": "Mushroom, MAGIC (telescope), Psychology, Biology, Physics, Food science, Astronomy, Food Quality and Safety Studies, Ecology and Conservation Studies, Plant and animal studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401921810\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401921810\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111303550\",\"display_name\":\"J. S. Seo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S87202501\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1695\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401921810" }, { "id": 1172, "title": "Acute Adverse Effects of Therapeutic Doses of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "acute adverse effects of therapeutic doses of psilocybin a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Yerubandi A, Thomas JE, Bhuiya NMMA, Harrington C, Villa Zapata L, Caballero J.", "abstract": "ImportancePsilocybin has been studied in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. Clinical studies have mainly focused on efficacy, with systematic reviews showing favorable efficacy; however, none have primarily focused on psilocybin safety.ObjectiveTo evaluate the acute adverse effects of psilocybin at therapeutic doses in the treatment of depression and anxiety.Data sourcesMEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for publications available between 1966 and November 30, 2023.Study selectionRandomized, double-blind clinical trials that reported adverse effects of psilocybin in patients treated for depression and anxiety were screened.Data extraction and synthesisData were independently extracted by 2 authors and verified by 2 additional authors following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline. The inverse variance method with the Hartung-Knapp adjustment for the random-effects model was used, with a continuity correction of 0.5 for studies with 0 cell frequencies. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by sequentially removing 1 study at a time to assess the robustness of the results.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was considered as the adverse effects of psilocybin at high and moderate (ie, therapeutic) dose regimens and compared with placebo, low-dose psilocybin, or other comparator in the treatment of depression and/or anxiety.ResultsSix studies met the inclusion criteria with a total sample of 528 participants (approximately 51% female; median age 39.8 years; IQR, 39.8-41.2). Seven adverse effects were reported in multiple studies and included in the analysis. Among these, headache (relative risk [RR], 1.99; 95% CI1.06-3.74), nausea (RR, 8.85; 95% CI, 5.68-13.79), anxiety (RR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.11-4.64), dizziness (RR, 5.81; 95% CI, 1.02-33.03), and elevated blood pressure (RR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.15- 4.53) were statistically significant. Psilocybin use was not associated with risk of paranoia and transient thought disorder.Conclusions and relevanceIn this meta-analysis, the acute adverse effect profile of therapeutic single-dose psilocybin appeared to be tolerable and resolved within 48 hours. However, future studies need to more actively evaluate the appropriate management of adverse effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-03-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5960", "pubmed_id": "38598236", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5960", "keywords": "Humans, Dizziness, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Adult, Female, Male, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38598236\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1167, "title": "The Promise of Therapeutic Psilocybin: An Evaluation of the 134 Clinical Trials, 54 Potential Indications, and 0 Marketing Approvals on ClinicalTrials.gov", "normalized_title": "the promise of therapeutic psilocybin an evaluation of the 134 clinical trials 54 potential indications and 0 marketing approvals on clinicaltrials gov", "authors": "Sarah A. Norring, Michael G. Spigarelli", "abstract": "Introduction: Psilocybin, a tryptamine psychedelic, has been touted in the media both historically and recently as a potential game-changing mental health therapeutic. ClinicalTrials.gov has over one hundred and thirty psilocybin clinical trials listed covering the last twenty years. The single most important aspect of any therapeutic is to gain approval for marketing and thus enter the real-world phase of development. A typical new chemical entity progresses from inception to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in approximately 12 years and seeks approval for a single indication. Methods: An observational study was conducted with the available information on the ClinicalTrials.gov site to observe the extent of progress made demonstrating the clinical utility of psilocybin. Results: The results showed 134 psilocybin trials typically unblinded studies of 10-20 participants, recruited over years at a single site. Additionally, there have been only three advanced trials (1 Phase 2/3 and 2 Phase 3) submitted, and only in the last two years. Discussion: The hundreds of psilocybin clinical trials initiated over the past twenty years comprising a myriad of potential indications may actually be slowing this potential game-changing mental health therapeutic agent's approval and is costing excessive amounts of capital. To fully evaluate the actual potential of psilocybin, purposeful clinical trials need to be designed well, executed efficiently, and analyzed utilizing sequential and statistically valid processes for each potential indication. This will require a change from the current exploratory forays to defined, well-funded, sequential pharmaceutical development practices, including adequate and appropriate blinding of studies, statistical design to determine the number of participants and more importantly, professional expertise in conducting multicenter trials. Unfortunately, these results demonstrate little real progress towards FDA approval of psilocybin and a field with no clear direction forward.", "journal": "Drug Design Development and Therapy", "publication_date": "2024-03-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.2147/dddt.s443177", "pubmed_id": "38618282", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/dddt.s443177", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Blinding, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":22,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984076079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011932878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129319502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789816271\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214559180\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028127105\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah A. Norring\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103871420\",\"display_name\":\"Michael G. Spigarelli\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2496126384\",\"source_display_name\":\"Drug Design Development and Therapy\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2147/dddt.s443177\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4394684735" }, { "id": 4660, "title": "MedCheck; Psilocybin, Roluperidone, Latozinemab, Lacosamide", "normalized_title": "medcheck psilocybin roluperidone latozinemab lacosamide", "authors": "Terri D’Arrigo", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Med CheckFull AccessMedCheck; Psilocybin, Roluperidone, Latozinemab, LacosamideTerri D'ArrigoTerri D'ArrigoPublished Online:26 Mar 2024https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.04.4.1Psilocybin Promising for Anxiety DisorderIncannex's investigational psilocybin product PSX-001 appeared to be effective in relieving symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder in a phase 2 clinical trial, the company announced in February.In the PsiGAD1 trial, 72 patients with generalized anxiety disorder were randomized> to receive psychotherapy with either psilocybin or placebo for seven weeks. Their symptoms were measured with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) at baseline and at 11 weeks.The reduction in HAM-A score from baseline in the psilocybin group was 12.8 points, compared with a reduction of 3.6 points in the placebo group. In addition, 44% of patients in the psilocybin group showed a clinically meaningful improvement (at least a 50% reduction in anxiety scores from baseline), which was more than four times higher than that of the placebo group. Further, 27% of patients in the psilocybin group achieved full disease remission, a rate more than five times higher than that of the placebo group.FDA Rejects Roluperidone for Negative Symptoms of SchizophreniaIn February the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rejected the New Drug Application (NDA) for roluperidone for the treatment of negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, Minerva Neurosciences announced.In its Complete Response Letter, the FDA cited several clinical deficiencies:Although one study (MIN-101C03) demonstrated statistical improvements in negative symptoms, it is insufficient on its own to establish substantial evidence of effectiveness.The NDA submission also did not establish that the change in negative symptoms with roluperidone treatment was clinically meaningful.The NDA submission lacked data on concomitant antipsychotic administration.The safety data did not include enough patients exposed to roluperidone at the proposed 64 mg dose for at least 12 months.The FDA's letter stated that Minerva must submit at least one additional positive, adequate, and well-controlled study to support the safety and effectiveness of roluperidone for the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The letter added that Minerva must also provide additional data to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of roluperidone co-administered with antipsychotic medications, to support that observed effect on negative symptoms with roluperidone treatment corresponds to a clinically meaningful change, and to demonstrate the long-term safety of the proposed dose.Latozinemab Gets Breakthrough Status for Frontotemporal DementiaThe FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to latozinemab for frontotemporal dementia with a progranulin gene mutation, Alector Inc. announced in February. Progranulin regulates immune activity in the brain and helps keep neurons and other brain cells healthy.A Breakthrough Therapy designation expedites the development and review of drugs for serious conditions. The criteria for breakthrough therapy designation require preliminary clinical evidence indicating that the drug may demonstrate substantial improvement over existing options on at least one clinically significant endpoint.The FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy designation for latozinemab based on the results of the phase 2 clinical trial INFRONT-2. This trial evaluated 12 patients with a progranulin mutation causative of frontotemporal dementia who were treated with 60 mg/kg of latozinemab every four weeks over 12 months. The study found that treatment with latozinemab in these patients slowed disease progression by about 47% over one year compared with a control group of frontotemporal dementia patients. The study also found that latozinemab elevated progranulin in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in the patients for the duration of treatment.Motpoly XR Now Available For Treatment of Partial-Onset SeizuresIn February Aucta Pharmaceuticals Inc. announced its launch of Motpoly XR (lacosamide) extended-release capsules C-V in the 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg doses for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in adults and in pediatric patients who weigh at least 50 kg (110.2) pounds. Motopoly XR is bioequivalent to Vimpat (lacosamide) film-coated tablets C-V and provides a once-daily option at equivalent doses. It will be available through retail pharmacies.The prescribing information for Motopoly XR notes that prescribers should monitor patients for suicidal behavior and ideation. It also notes that the drug may cause dizziness, ataxia, and fainting. In addition, it recommends that prescribers obtain an electrocardiogram before beginning the medication and after titration to steady-state maintenance and to closely monitor patients with underlying proarrhythmic conditions or on concomitant medications that affect cardiac conduction. Finally, Motopoly XR should be gradually withdrawn to minimize the potential of increased seizure frequency. ■ ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2024-03-25", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2024.04.4.1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.04.4.1", "keywords": "Lacosamide, Psilocybin, Computer science, Medicine, Psychology, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Epilepsy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4393210403\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4393210403\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056763663\",\"display_name\":\"Terri D’Arrigo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.04.4.1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4393210403" }, { "id": 1148, "title": "Effects of discontinuation of serotonergic antidepressants prior to psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram for major depression", "normalized_title": "effects of discontinuation of serotonergic antidepressants prior to psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram for major depression", "authors": "David Erritzøe, Tommaso Barba, Meg J. Spriggs, Fernando E. Rosas, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence for the therapeutic effects of the psychedelic drug psilocybin for major depression. However, due to the lack of safety data on combining psilocybin with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and concerns that there may be a negative interaction on efficacy, participants enrolling in psychedelic trials are usually required to discontinue SNRI/SNRIs prior to enrolling. AIMS: Using data from a recent clinical trial examining the comparative efficacy the psychedelic drug psilocybin (P) combined with approximately 20 h of psychological support to a 6-week (daily) course of the SSRI escitalopram plus matched psychological support for major depressive disorder, we explored the effects of discontinuing SSRI/SNRIs prior to study enrolment on study outcomes. METHODS: Exploratory post hoc analyses using linear mixed effects model were performed to investigate the discontinuation effect on various validated depression symptom severity scales and well-being. The impact of SSRI/SNRIs discontinuation on the acute psychedelic experience was also explored. RESULTS/OUTCOMES: In the psilocybin group, there was a reduced treatment effect on all outcome measures for SSRI/SNRIs discontinuers compared with unmedicated patients at trial entry. However, no effects of discontinuation on measures of the acute psychedelic experience were found. CONCLUSION: Discontinuation of SSRI/SNRIs before psilocybin might diminish response to treatment; however, as we did not test SSRI/SNRI continuation in our trial, we cannot infer such causation. Moreover, the exploratory nature of the analyses makes them hypothesis generating, and not confirmatory. A controlled trial of SSRI/SNRI discontinuation versus continuation prior to psilocybin is urgently required.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-03-21", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241237870", "pubmed_id": "38520045", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241237870", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Discontinuation, Psychology, Paroxetine, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":26,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W202333777\",\"https://openalex.org/W265240844\",\"https://openalex.org/W1575252642\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951724000\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977708183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001284148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042510791\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045488830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060307846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071034105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092475629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099634048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155959499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162510673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169083980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2329873939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397862430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2408297962\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410085988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519531315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567636536\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605671917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2639909134\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2783948250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804151801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912654919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919124707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980350741\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003710034\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094909023\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107283988\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182390788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191247672\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197897999\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243810801\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292338862\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308372082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313251651\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4372336620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390186718\",\"https://openalex.org/W6674913956\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005427567\",\"display_name\":\"Tommaso Barba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-4628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025030452\",\"display_name\":\"Meg J. Spriggs\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7800-1586\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020498855\",\"display_name\":\"Fernando E. Rosas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7790-6183\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241237870\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4393118291" }, { "id": 1199, "title": "The therapeutic alliance between study participants and intervention facilitators is associated with acute effects and clinical outcomes in a psilocybin-assisted therapy trial for major depressive disorder", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic alliance between study participants and intervention facilitators is associated with acute effects and clinical outcomes in a psilocybin assisted therapy trial for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Adam W. Levin, Rafael Lancelotta, Nathan D. Sepeda, Natalie Gukasyan, Sandeep M. Nayak, Theodore L. Wagener, Frederick S. Barrett, Roland R. Griffiths, Alan K. Davis", "abstract": "We examined if the therapeutic alliance between study participants and intervention facilitators in a psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) trial changed over time and whether there were relationships between alliance, acute psilocybin experiences, and depression outcomes. In a randomized, waiting list-controlled clinical trial for major depressive disorder in adults (N = 24), participants were randomized to an immediate (N = 13) or delayed (N = 11) condition with two oral doses of psilocybin (20mg/70kg and 30mg/70kg). Ratings of therapeutic alliance significantly increased from the final preparation session to one-week post-intervention (p =.03, d =.43). A stronger total alliance at the final preparation session predicted depression scores at 4 weeks (r = -.65, p =.002), 6 months (r = -.47, p =.036), and 12 months (r = -.54, p =.014) post-intervention. A stronger total alliance in the final preparation session was correlated with higher peak ratings of mystical experiences (r =.49, p =.027) and psychological insight (r =.52, p =.040), and peak ratings of mystical experience and psychological insight were correlated with depression scores at 4 weeks (r = -.45, p =.030 for mystical; r = -.75, p", "journal": "PLoS ONE", "publication_date": "2024-03-13", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0300501", "pubmed_id": "38483940", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300501", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Alliance, Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Placebo, Clinical psychology, Intervention (counseling), Clinical trial, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Alternative medicine, Economics, Political science, Pathology, Law, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":65,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1690050651\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977749452\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986439041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015114767\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030862457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033379000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042273921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044661514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046978361\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056299683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059733285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081234327\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102417306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134813353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2402352829\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792161256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792939909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803499312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895740693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000810609\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013066747\",\"https://openalex.org/W3018060248\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033752070\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047065905\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087180323\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112557491\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122526563\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134098691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171671394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210625928\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220813054\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224443490\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237178762\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251765303\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281397183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285591032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286587482\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296481593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311093363\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313339783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385932674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385978292\",\"https://openalex.org/W7053275802\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074195594\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048202842\",\"display_name\":\"Adam W. Levin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9167-462X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056271117\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael Lancelotta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-3463\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029782732\",\"display_name\":\"Theodore L. Wagener\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-228X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S202381698\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS ONE\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300501\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392797453" }, { "id": 4667, "title": "Unique Psychological Mechanisms Underlying Psilocybin Therapy Versus Escitalopram Treatment in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "unique psychological mechanisms underlying psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram treatment in the treatment of major depressive disorder", "authors": "Brandon Weiss, Leor Roseman, Bruna Giribaldi, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, David Erritzøe", "abstract": "Abstract The mechanisms by which Psilocybin Therapy (PT) improves depression remain an important object of study, with scientists actively exploring acute psychological experiences and neurobiological processes as candidates. In a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, active comparator controlled trial involving patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, we investigated whether acute psychological experiences could meaningfully account for the unique efficacy of PT versus Escitalopram Treatment over a core 6-week trial period. An exploratory-factor-analysis-derived single-factor of depression was used as the outcome. Among a comprehensive set of acute experiences related to psilocybin, so-called “mystical experience” and “ego dissolution” were unique in mediating the effect of treatment condition on depressive response with high specificity. Higher reported levels of mystical experience, emotional breakthrough, and intense responses to music-listening were furthermore associated with greater antidepressant response. These results provide qualified support for the causal mechanistic role of acute psychological experiences in the treatment of depression via PT.", "journal": "International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction", "publication_date": "2024-03-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s11469-024-01253-9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01253-9", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Citalopram, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Mood, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S47841752\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01253-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392550813" }, { "id": 1209, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians-Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians psilocybin", "authors": "Burton J. Tabaac, Kenneth Shinozuka, Alejandro Arenas, Bryce D. Beutler, Kirsten Cherian, Viviana D. Evans, Chelsey Fasano, Owen S. Muir", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The primary psychoactive drug in magic mushrooms, psilocybin, induces profound alterations in consciousness through the 5-HT2A receptor. This review consolidates current research findings to elucidate the pharmacology, safety profile, and clinical applications of psilocybin. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY: Despite initial concerns that psilocybin could cause psychosis, contemporary research has demonstrated that psilocybin is generally safe. The most common adverse effects are nausea and headache, yet both tend to be transient. Serious adverse events can generally be avoided in controlled settings such as clinical trials. However, in the largest clinical trial to date, there were a total of 7 reported cases of suicidal ideation, up to 12 weeks after receiving a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin. That being said, all 7 cases did not respond to the treatment. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may blunt the hallucinogenic qualities of psilocybin, preliminary research suggests that they may enhance its antidepressant effects. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES: In clinical trials, psilocybin has shown promise for treating major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Initial studies indicated that 42%-57% of patients underwent remission after psilocybin-assisted therapy, which suggests that psilocybin is more effective than existing antidepressant medications. Clinical data have also demonstrated that psilocybin can manage substance use disorders and end-of-life anxiety with clinical outcomes that are sustained for months and sometimes years after 1 or 2 doses. LIMITATIONS: However, larger Phase II trials with more than 100 depressed participants have shown a much smaller remission rate of 25%-29%, though these studies still observed that psilocybin causes a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Aside from ketamine, psilocybin is the most clinically well-researched psychedelic drug, with trials that have enrolled hundreds of participants and multiple therapeutic applications. Phase III trials will determine whether psilocybin lives up to the promise that it showed in previous clinical trials.", "journal": "American Journal of Therapeutics", "publication_date": "2024-02-29", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1097/mjt.0000000000001724", "pubmed_id": "38518269", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/mjt.0000000000001724", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Adverse effect, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Clinical trial, Fluoxetine, Pharmacology, Anxiety, Internal medicine, Serotonin, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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J. Tabaac\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7862-5471\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000417271\",\"display_name\":\"Kenneth Shinozuka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-9161\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109694269\",\"display_name\":\"Alejandro Arenas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013379706\",\"display_name\":\"Bryce D. Beutler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5071-1826\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084494931\",\"display_name\":\"Kirsten Cherian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6058-0081\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109694684\",\"display_name\":\"Viviana D. Evans\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108242803\",\"display_name\":\"Chelsey Fasano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016829878\",\"display_name\":\"Owen S. Muir\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-338X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S67118044\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Therapeutics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/mjt.0000000000001724\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4393098899" }, { "id": 1105, "title": "Impact of Psilocybin on Peripheral Cytokine Production", "normalized_title": "impact of psilocybin on peripheral cytokine production", "authors": "Dana DiRenzo, Frederick S. Barrett, Jamie Perin, Erika Darrah, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Roland R. Griffiths", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug with potential therapeutic effects in patients with mood and substance use disorders. Little is known about its impact on the immune system. Methods: Multiplex immunoassay pro-inflammatory cytokine panels (Meso-Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD) were used to examine the serum from participants in three separate randomized controlled clinical trials (randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) wherein a range of doses of psilocybin were administered (methods reported previously). Participants represented a range of clinical histories including those with no-known health problems/long-term meditation practice ( n = 35), depression ( n = 25), anxiety, and cancer (various types; n = 31). Linear mixed models with random effects for each participant were fit to determine relative cytokine levels both immediately before and at various time points after psilocybin administration, adjusted for multiple comparisons. Serum extracted during a waitlist, where applicable, was not included. Results: Sera from 91 participants were included from our three prior RCTs. In our linear models of pooled data, sera collected ≤1-week postpsilocybin revealed increased levels of interleukin (IL)-8 (β = 0.164, 95% confidence interval [0.10 to 0.23]; p = 0.042). At ≥4-week time points compared to baseline, there were no changes in cytokine levels. In our linear models of individual studies, no changes in cytokine levels at each time point were observed. Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests that a transient increase in cytokine production ≤1-week postpsilocybin may be found, although not consistently across patient populations. More broadly, peripheral cytokine production is possibly altered by psilocybin administration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01988311.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2024-02-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0039", "pubmed_id": "40051582", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0039", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Peripheral, Production (economics), Cytokine, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Immunology, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392242985\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392242985\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W70805046\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981020037\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995525413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027321893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086334349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2469268362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2698307513\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200471428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283768889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312056223\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049612659\",\"display_name\":\"Dana DiRenzo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9350-1821\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071880070\",\"display_name\":\"Jamie Perin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-6620\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057205976\",\"display_name\":\"Erika Darrah\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1119-0279\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070979049\",\"display_name\":\"Lisa Christopher-Stine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-7306\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0039\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392242985" }, { "id": 594, "title": "Are \"mystical experiences\" essential for antidepressant actions of ketamine and the classic psychedelics?", "normalized_title": "are mystical experiences essential for antidepressant actions of ketamine and the classic psychedelics", "authors": "Hashimoto K.", "abstract": "The growing interest in the rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of the dissociative anesthetic ketamine and classic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, is remarkable. However, both ketamine and psychedelics are known to induce acute mystical experiences; ketamine can cause dissociative symptoms such as out-of-body experience, while psychedelics typically bring about hallucinogenic experiences, like a profound sense of unity with the universe or nature. The role of these mystical experiences in enhancing the antidepressant outcomes for patients with depression is currently an area of ongoing investigation and debate. Clinical studies have shown that the dissociative symptoms following the administration of ketamine or (S)-ketamine (esketamine) are not directly linked to their antidepressant properties. In contrast, the antidepressant potential of (R)-ketamine (arketamine), thought to lack dissociative side effects, has yet to be conclusively proven in large-scale clinical trials. Moreover, although the activation of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is crucial for the hallucinogenic effects of psychedelics in humans, its precise role in their antidepressant action is still under discussion. This article explores the importance of mystical experiences in enhancing the antidepressant efficacy of both ketamine and classic psychedelics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-02-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s00406-024-01770-7", "pubmed_id": "38411629", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-024-01770-7", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Dissociative Disorders, Mysticism", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38411629\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3282, "title": "The Temporal Trajectory of the Psychedelic Mushroom Experience Mimics the Narrative Arc of the Hero’s Journey", "normalized_title": "the temporal trajectory of the psychedelic mushroom experience mimics the narrative arc of the hero s journey", "authors": "Brouwer A, Brown JK, Erowid E, Erowid F, Thyssen S, Raison CL, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Abstract Psychedelic therapy has the potential to become a revolutionary and transdiagnostic mental health treatment, yielding enduring benefits that are often attributed to the experiences that coincide with peak psychedelic effects. However, there may be an underrecognized temporal structure to this process that helps explain why psychedelic and related altered states of consciousness can have a initially distressing but ultimately a distress-resolving effect. Here we present a qualitative analysis of the self-reported ‘comeup’ or onset phase, and ‘comedown’ or falling phase, of the psychedelic experience. Focusing on psilocybin or psilocybin-containing mushrooms, we show that the comeup is more often characterized by negatively valenced feeling states, while the comedown phase is more often characterized by positively valenced feeling states of the sort often observed following recovery from illness or adversity. In this way, the temporal trajectory of the psychedelic experience could be seen to mimic the narrative arc of the monomythical ‘Hero’s Journey’.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2024-02-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3941205/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3941205/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR810141\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Consciousness,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1225, "title": "Efficacy and acceptability of psilocybin for primary or secondary depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and acceptability of psilocybin for primary or secondary depression a systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled trials", "authors": "Fang S, Yang X, Zhang W.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin is a classic psychedelics, which has been shown to have antidepressant effects by many studies in recent years. In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of psilocybin in the treatment of primary (major depressive disorder) or secondary (experiencing distress related to life-threatening diagnoses and terminal illness) depression.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov for clinical trials of psilocybin for depression (updated to 4 October, 2023). Effect size Hedges' g was used as an indicator of efficacy, and other outcomes included response rate, drop-out rate, and adverse events.ResultsA total of 10 studies were finally included in systematic review. 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving a total of 524 adult patients, and produced a large effect size in favor of psilocybin (Hedge's g =-0.89, 95% CI -1.25~-0.53, I² = 70.19%, P", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-02-14", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1359088", "pubmed_id": "38426002", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1359088", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38426002\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1204, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression: A randomized clinical trial evaluating repeated doses of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression a randomized clinical trial evaluating repeated doses of psilocybin", "authors": "Joshua D. Rosenblat, Shakila Meshkat, Zoe Doyle, Erica Kaczmarek, Ryan M. Brudner, Kevin Kratiuk, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Christian Schulz, Rickinder Sethi, Amanda Abate, Shaun Ali, Jordan Bawks, Marc G. Blainey, Elisa Brietzke, Victoria Cronin, Jessica Danilewitz, Shalini Dhawan, Anthony Di Fonzo, M. Di Fonzo, Pawel Drzadzewski, William Dunlop, Hajnalka Fiszter, Fabiano A. Gomes, Smrita Grewal, Marisa Leon-Carlyle, Marilyn McCallum, Niki Mofidi, Hilary Offman, Jeremy Riva-Cambrin, Joel E. Schmidt, Mark E. Smolkin, Joan M. Quinn, Andrea Zumrova, Michelle Marlborough, Roger S. McIntyre", "abstract": "", "journal": "Med", "publication_date": "2024-02-13", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.005", "pubmed_id": "38359838", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.005", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychotherapist, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Major depressive disorder, Internal medicine, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":95,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1877754883\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026321692\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043857109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082494913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137296158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794171612\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3144768859\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378782231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W6639377320\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034353079\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin Kratiuk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6204-2148\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032613018\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Mansur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101948096\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Schulz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5615-2113\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077689458\",\"display_name\":\"Rickinder Sethi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-5859\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Amanda Abate\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089847178\",\"display_name\":\"Shaun Ali\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072595092\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Bawks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076331964\",\"display_name\":\"Elisa Brietzke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2697-1342\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075743331\",\"display_name\":\"Victoria Cronin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927189\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica Danilewitz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102617241\",\"display_name\":\"Shalini Dhawan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063141360\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony Di Fonzo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039899710\",\"display_name\":\"M. Di Fonzo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093223167\",\"display_name\":\"Pawel Drzadzewski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102823967\",\"display_name\":\"William Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7956-6532\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927190\",\"display_name\":\"Hajnalka Fiszter\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000765029\",\"display_name\":\"Fabiano A. Gomes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7690-1580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080184186\",\"display_name\":\"Smrita Grewal\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069595295\",\"display_name\":\"Marisa Leon-Carlyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5515-3109\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075938948\",\"display_name\":\"Marilyn McCallum\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113118934\",\"display_name\":\"Niki Mofidi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029059594\",\"display_name\":\"Hilary Offman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6781-2420\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927191\",\"display_name\":\"Jeremy Riva-Cambrin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018333095\",\"display_name\":\"Joel E. Schmidt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-2863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112208114\",\"display_name\":\"Mark E. Smolkin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2120-8930\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050813527\",\"display_name\":\"Joan M. Quinn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064896108\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Zumrova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051077389\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Marlborough\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068850044\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-2523\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210167770\",\"source_display_name\":\"Med\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.005\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391810199" }, { "id": 1232, "title": "Psilocybin-induced changes in neural reactivity to alcohol and emotional cues in patients with alcohol use disorder: an fMRI pilot study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced changes in neural reactivity to alcohol and emotional cues in patients with alcohol use disorder an fmri pilot study", "authors": "Broc A. Pagni, Petros Petridis, Samantha K. Podrebarac, Jack Grinband, Eric D. Claus, Michael P. Bogenschutz", "abstract": "This pilot study investigated psilocybin-induced changes in neural reactivity to alcohol and emotional cues in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Participants were recruited from a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) for the treatment of AUD (NCT02061293). Eleven adult patients completed task-based blood oxygen dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) approximately 3 days before and 2 days after receiving 25 mg of psilocybin (n = 5) or 50 mg of diphenhydramine (n = 6). Visual alcohol and emotionally valanced (positive, negative, or neutral) stimuli were presented in block design. Across both alcohol and emotional cues, psilocybin increased activity in the medial and lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and left caudate, and decreased activity in the insular, motor, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices, and cerebellum. Unique to negative cues, psilocybin increased supramarginal gyrus activity; unique to positive cues, psilocybin increased right hippocampus activity and decreased left hippocampus activity. Greater PFC and caudate engagement and concomitant insula, motor, and cerebellar disengagement suggests enhanced goal-directed action, improved emotional regulation, and diminished craving. The robust changes in brain activity observed in this pilot study warrant larger neuroimaging studies to elucidate neural mechanisms of PAT.Trial registration: NCT02061293.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-02-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-52967-8", "pubmed_id": "38326432", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52967-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Insula, Prefrontal cortex, Insular cortex, Neuroscience, Supramarginal gyrus, Cue reactivity, Placebo, Craving, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Audiology, Psychiatry, Cognition, Pathology, Alternative medicine, Addiction, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391617258\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391617258\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":30,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1537830243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1551563638\",\"https://openalex.org/W1748789401\",\"https://openalex.org/W1877246726\",\"https://openalex.org/W1904438620\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973405277\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980922993\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989639419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001085696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021766151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036916152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057001461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089857263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099074431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099874219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127072016\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143015721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166830183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168644177\",\"https://openalex.org/W2207035985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419514871\",\"https://openalex.org/W2491859250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589497105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2607392223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757054309\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2797159874\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2811003861\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901147525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917059423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2963869287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973804274\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998095219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999261467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999392149\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003115225\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015606165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3037953639\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047771476\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081523185\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094915720\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152573407\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153655268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157968247\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167170061\",\"https://openalex.org/W3170289327\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177324030\",\"https://openalex.org/W3202537739\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206394956\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206978423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210944481\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286418687\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307554429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312019342\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379383539\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380442223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386126549\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066934485\",\"display_name\":\"Broc A. Pagni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9496-7604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042534014\",\"display_name\":\"Petros Petridis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7608-5723\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082919402\",\"display_name\":\"Samantha K. Podrebarac\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066820418\",\"display_name\":\"Jack Grinband\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-6755\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080067027\",\"display_name\":\"Eric D. Claus\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-0813\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52967-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391617258" }, { "id": 1235, "title": "Patient perspectives and experiences with psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression: a qualitative study", "normalized_title": "patient perspectives and experiences with psilocybin treatment for treatment resistant depression a qualitative study", "authors": "Joost J. Breeksema, Alistair Niemeijer, Erwin Krediet, T.L. Karsten, Jeanine Kamphuis, Eric Vermetten, Wim van den Brink, Robert A. Schoevers", "abstract": "Psilocybin is the most researched classic psychedelic for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD). While optimizing set and setting are considered essential for efficacy and safety, patient perspectives on these aspects have rarely been investigated. To address this knowledge gap, the current paper explored the experiences of 11 TRD patients (8 women, 3 men) participating in a double-blind randomized clinical trial with a single session of oral (1, 10 or 25 mg) psilocybin treatment. After qualitative analysis, three major themes were identified: (1) challenges with trust-building and expectation management; (2) navigating the experience; and (3) the need for a more comprehensive treatment. Subthemes of the first theme include a general distrust in mental healthcare, trust in study therapists, limited time for preparation, and managing expectations. The second theme included the following subthemes: trusting to surrender, profound and overwhelming experiences, and music as a guide. The third theme addressed a desire for multiple psilocybin sessions, and challenges with sensemaking. Patients' perspectives provided important insights into potential optimization of psilocybin treatment of TRD, including individualized preparation, investment in trust-building, offering additional psilocybin sessions, providing access to sustained (psycho)therapy with trusted therapists, and personalizing treatment approaches, which may also enhance real-world adaption of these treatments.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-02-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-53188-9", "pubmed_id": "38316896", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53188-9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Distrust, Psychotherapist, Qualitative research, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Sociology, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":49,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1784519638\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003976001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029087690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044661514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106030064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116639785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138664283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171340584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2331393505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2502147470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2520334349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623228771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788181968\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789340345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793096639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954134279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990036135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2997219409\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3052679762\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082721315\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095953401\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3148252514\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154641856\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200016418\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205765055\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206130674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214898817\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281703399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283719838\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4303509980\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307426414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310044456\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318393298\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361248485\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090242296\",\"display_name\":\"Joost J. Breeksema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084276313\",\"display_name\":\"Alistair Niemeijer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4893-7930\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083050291\",\"display_name\":\"Erwin Krediet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035856925\",\"display_name\":\"T.L. Karsten\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016694325\",\"display_name\":\"Jeanine Kamphuis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040746759\",\"display_name\":\"Eric Vermetten\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0579-4404\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071695786\",\"display_name\":\"Wim van den Brink\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-0121\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53188-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391540455" }, { "id": 1247, "title": "The development of psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression: an update.", "normalized_title": "the development of psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression an update", "authors": "Borissova A, Rucker JJ.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic drug that has attracted increasing research interest over the past 10 years as a possible treatment for mood, anxiety and related conditions. Initial phase 2 clinical trials of psilocybin given alongside psychological support for major depression and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) demonstrated encouraging signs of basic safety, further confirmed by a large study in groups of healthy volunteers. The first international multi-centre randomised controlled trial was published in 2022, with signs of efficacy for the 25 mg dose condition in people with TRD when compared with an active placebo. Phase 3 trials in TRD are scheduled to start in 2023. Early evidence suggests that single doses of psilocybin given with psychological support induce rapid improvement in depressive symptoms that endure for some weeks. We therefore provide a timely update to psychiatrists on what psilocybin therapy is, what it is not, and the current state of the evidence-base.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1192/bjb.2023.25", "pubmed_id": "37357767", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2023.25", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37357767\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4681, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for cancer patients", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for cancer patients", "authors": "Houman Farzin", "abstract": "Despite significant advances in symptom management for patients affected by serious illness, physicians lack effective legal treatments for individuals suffering from demoralization, death anxiety, and existential distress. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy employs psilocybin-containing mushrooms or synthetic psilocybin grounded in indigenous traditions and within the context of a therapeutic mindset and environment (\"set and setting\") to achieve altered states of consciousness that promote healing and psychospiritual growth while reducing suffering. Current research evidence suggests that this form of therapy could serve as a safe and effective therapeutic tool for such patients. This presentation will describe a case series of patients with advanced cancer who received physician-supervised home-based psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in Montreal, Canada. Our experience postulates the safety and efficacy of this laborious treatment process. By executing this clinical practice in the public healthcare system of Quebec for the first time, we have made an attempt to provide equitable access to these clinical therapies. Having performed these treatments outside the context of clinical trials, we have been able to tailor the therapeutic frame and treatment approach to a more patient-centric and culturally-informed manner. That being said, given the existing ​societal discrimination and stigma against this form of therapy, including by healthcare professionals, there remain further barriers to overcome in the equitable provision of care, especially to certain segments of the population. ​The authors will discuss these and potential solutions to addressing them.", "journal": "International Journal of Whole Person Care", "publication_date": "2024-01-28", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.26443/ijwpc.v11i1.390", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/ijwpc.v11i1.390", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Cancer, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391329406\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391329406\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040374734\",\"display_name\":\"Houman Farzin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4095-3596\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737307235\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Whole Person Care\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/ijwpc.v11i1.390\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Consciousness,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391329406" }, { "id": 1272, "title": "Older adults in psychedelic-assisted therapy trials: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "older adults in psychedelic assisted therapy trials a systematic review", "authors": "Bouchet L, Sager Z, Yrondi A, Nigam KB, Anderson BT, Ross S, Petridis PD, Beaussant Y.", "abstract": "BackgroundGrowing clinical interest in psychedelic-assisted therapies has led to a second wave of research involving psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and other substances. Data suggests that these compounds have the potential to treat mental health conditions that are especially prevalent in older adults such as depression, anxiety, existential distress, and posttraumatic stress disorder.AimsThe goal of this study was to quantify the prevalence of older adults enrolled in psychedelic clinical trials and explore safety data in this population.MethodsA systematic review was conducted following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Search criteria included all trials published in English using psychedelic substances to treat psychiatric conditions, including addiction as well as existential distress related to serious illness. Articles were identified from literature searches on PubMed, EBSCO, and EMBASE.Results4376 manuscripts were identified, of which 505 qualified for further review, with 36 eventually meeting eligibility criteria. Of the 1400 patients enrolled in the 36 studies, only 19 were identified as 65 or older, representing less than 1.4% of all trial participants. For 10 of these 19 older adults, detailed safety data was obtained. No serious adverse events (AEs) occurred in any older adults and only transient mild-to-moderate AEs related to anxiety, gastrointestinal upset, and hypertension were reported during the psychedelic dosing sessions.ConclusionsWhile existing data in older adults is limited, it suggests that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy can be safe and well tolerated in older adults. Therefore, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy should be more rigorously investigated for the treatment of psychiatric conditions in this population.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231215420", "pubmed_id": "38240068", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231215420", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Aged, Clinical Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38240068\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Older Adults,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1257, "title": "Knowledge gaps in psychedelic medicalisation: Clinical studies and regulatory aspects.", "normalized_title": "knowledge gaps in psychedelic medicalisation clinical studies and regulatory aspects", "authors": "E-Wen McCulloch D, Liechti ME, Kuypers KP, Nutt D, Lundberg J, Stenbæk DS, Goodwin GM, Gründer G, Butlen-Ducuing F, Haberkamp M, Thirstrup S, Knudsen GM.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs including psilocybin and LSD are undergoing clinical trials for a range of psychiatric and neurological conditions, and have particularly shown substantial promise in phase 2 studies of depression. In this article we outline key knowledge gaps that may be imperative for a successful implementation of psychedelic drugs as medicines as identified by members of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology at the New Frontiers Meeting in Nice (2023). Key themes include pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterisation, comparisons between psychedelics, the relation between the duration of subjective effects and therapeutic outcomes, polypharmacology, and the impact of psychological support. We conclude with a perspective from the European Medicines Agency and Heath Technology Assessors on the most pressing requirements for medical implementation in Europe.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2024.103938", "pubmed_id": "40656112", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.103938", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40656112\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1261, "title": "Safety, feasibility, tolerability, and clinical effects of repeated psilocybin dosing combined with non-directive support in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: protocol for a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial with blinded ratings", "normalized_title": "safety feasibility tolerability and clinical effects of repeated psilocybin dosing combined with non directive support in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder protocol for a randomized waitlist controlled trial with blinded ratings", "authors": "Terence H. W. Ching, Lucia Amoroso, Calvin Bohner, Elizabeth J. D’Amico, Jeffrey Eilbott, Tara Entezar, Madison Fitzpatrick, Geena Fram, Rachael Grazioplene, Jamila Hokanson, Anastasia Jankovsky, Stephen A. Kichuk, Bradford Martins, Prerana Patel, Henry Schaer, Sarah Shnayder, Chelsea Witherow, Christopher Pittenger, Benjamin Kelmendi", "abstract": "Background: To date, few randomized controlled trials of psilocybin with non-directive support exist for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Results and participant feedback from an interim analysis of an ongoing single-dose trial (NCT03356483) converged on the possibility of administering a higher fixed dose and/or more doses of psilocybin in future trials for presumably greater benefits. Objectives: This trial aims to evaluate the safety, feasibility, tolerability, and clinical effects of two doses of psilocybin paired with non-directive support in the treatment of OCD. This trial also seeks to examine whether two doses of psilocybin lead to greater OCD symptom reduction than a single dose, and to elucidate psychological mechanisms underlying the effects of psilocybin on OCD. Design: A randomized (1:1), waitlist-controlled design with blinded ratings will be used to examine the effects of two doses of oral psilocybin paired with non-directive support vs. waitlist control on OCD symptoms. An adaptive dose selection strategy will be implemented (i.e., first dose: 25 mg; second dose: 25 or 30 mg). Methods and analysis: This single-site trial will enroll 30 adult participants with treatment-refractory OCD. Aside from safety, feasibility, and tolerability metrics, primary outcomes include OCD symptoms assessed on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale - Second Edition (Y-BOCS-II). A blinded independent rater will assess primary outcomes at baseline and the primary endpoint at the end of the second dosing week. Participants will be followed up to 12 months post-second dosing. Participants randomized to waitlist will be rescreened after 7 weeks post-randomization, and begin their delayed treatment phase thereafter if still eligible. Ethics: Written informed consent will be obtained from participants. The institutional review board has approved this trial (protocol v. 1.7; HIC #2000032623). Discussion:: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05370911.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-01-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1278823", "pubmed_id": "38264632", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1278823", "keywords": "Tolerability, Dosing, Obsessive compulsive, Randomized controlled trial, Psilocybin, Protocol (science), Medicine, Clinical trial, Psychology, Psychiatry, Adverse effect, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390753253\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390753253\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W74189053\",\"https://openalex.org/W78677904\",\"https://openalex.org/W306343222\",\"https://openalex.org/W568533716\",\"https://openalex.org/W1492283962\",\"https://openalex.org/W1498057507\",\"https://openalex.org/W1599004146\",\"https://openalex.org/W1752708916\",\"https://openalex.org/W1790886046\",\"https://openalex.org/W1897149844\",\"https://openalex.org/W1934577361\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161535\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998339430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006001020\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006748124\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011329819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017857669\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019101336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020646491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028960724\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030767477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053167650\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077686642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079984335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082150145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084244487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100861230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114570941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118061336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123822033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134591365\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137320167\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145083290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147797459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150547685\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162090451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168266150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2183963790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2308253549\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2401253652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2577533646\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792256936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884718173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894541203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984198212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990405759\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088502206\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090239575\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3100714436\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129125412\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158498065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195587140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204292654\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206717622\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224296821\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230263701\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234021523\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296782684\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W6610802157\",\"https://openalex.org/W6661331907\",\"https://openalex.org/W6684564604\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038288658\",\"display_name\":\"Terence H. W. Ching\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8850-2237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051611172\",\"display_name\":\"Lucia Amoroso\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072571463\",\"display_name\":\"Calvin Bohner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055980478\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth J. D’Amico\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-7804\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112416887\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Eilbott\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093705063\",\"display_name\":\"Tara Entezar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010555213\",\"display_name\":\"Madison Fitzpatrick\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056965546\",\"display_name\":\"Geena Fram\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071673808\",\"display_name\":\"Rachael Grazioplene\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-4531\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058988830\",\"display_name\":\"Jamila Hokanson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083774019\",\"display_name\":\"Anastasia Jankovsky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-0958\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090942004\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen A. Kichuk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007278551\",\"display_name\":\"Bradford Martins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-2604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077000472\",\"display_name\":\"Prerana Patel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065974780\",\"display_name\":\"Henry Schaer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038515583\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Shnayder\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083493446\",\"display_name\":\"Chelsea Witherow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001094886\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Pittenger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-9321\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110948308\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Kelmendi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-1326\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1278823\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "OCD,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390753253" }, { "id": 3623, "title": "Safety and Tolerability of Psilocybin in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder", "normalized_title": "safety and tolerability of psilocybin in post traumatic stress disorder", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and potential efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy to reduce post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity in a sample of individuals with PTSD. The proposed Phase I study aims to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and potential efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy to reduce PTSD severity in a sample of individuals with PTSD. A sample of up to 30 individuals with PTSD will be recruited. All participants will receive the intervention, which will consist of three psilocybin sessions with an interval of approximately 2 weeks between each session. A3+3 Phase I trial design will be used to evaluate a range of possible dose sequences with doses ranging from 15 mg up to 45 mg. Safety, tolerability, and efficacy endpoints will be evaluated 2 weeks following each psilocybin session and at 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-01-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05562973", "keywords": "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Psilocybin, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05562973\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1097, "title": "Neural Mechanisms of Resting-State Networks and the Amygdala Underlying the Cognitive and Emotional Effects of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "neural mechanisms of resting state networks and the amygdala underlying the cognitive and emotional effects of psilocybin", "authors": "Devon Stoliker, Leonardo Novelli, Franz X. Vollenweider, Gary F. Egan, Katrin H. Preller, Adeel Razi", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, alter perceptual and cognitive systems that are functionally integrated with the amygdala. These changes can alter cognition and emotions that are hypothesized to contribute to their therapeutic utility. However, the neural mechanisms of cognitive and subcortical systems altered by psychedelics are not well understood. METHODS: We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance images collected during a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 24 healthy adults under 0.2 mg/kg psilocybin to estimate the directed (i.e., effective) changes between the amygdala and 3 large-scale resting-state networks involved in cognition. These networks are the default mode network, the salience network, and the central executive network. RESULTS: We found a pattern of decreased top-down effective connectivity from these resting-state networks to the amygdala. Effective connectivity decreased within the default mode network and salience network but increased within the central executive network. These changes in effective connectivity were statistically associated with behavioral measures of altered cognition and emotion under the influence of psilocybin. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that temporary amygdala signal attenuation is associated with mechanistic changes to resting-state network connectivity. These changes are significant for altered cognition and perception and suggest targets for research investigating the efficacy of psychedelic therapy for internalizing psychiatric disorders. More broadly, our study suggests the value of quantifying the brain's hierarchical organization using effective connectivity to identify important mechanisms for basic cognitive function and how they are integrated to give rise to subjective experiences.", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-01-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.002", "pubmed_id": "38185235", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.002", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Amygdala, Neuroscience, Psychology, Cognition, Resting state fMRI, Functional connectivity, Cognitive psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": 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Stoliker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-4497\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073637763\",\"display_name\":\"Leonardo Novelli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-3367\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016614292\",\"display_name\":\"Gary F. Egan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3186-4026\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045981641\",\"display_name\":\"Adeel Razi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-9439\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.002\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390629750" }, { "id": 3174, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, 7-month Parallel-Group Phase II Superiority Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder protocol for a double blind randomized placebo controlled 7 month parallel group phase ii superiority trial", "authors": "Vanderijst L, Hever F, Buot A, Dauré C, Benoit J, Hanak C, Veeser J, Morgiève M, Campanella S, Kornreich C, Mallet L, Leys C, Noël X.", "abstract": "Background: A significant number of individuals with alcohol use disorder remain unresponsive to currently available treatments, which calls for the development of new alternatives. In parallel, psilocybin-assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder has recently yielded promising preliminary results. Building on extant findings, the proposed study is set to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary clinical efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy when incorporated as an auxiliary intervention during inpatient rehabilitation for severe alcohol use disorder. Moreover, it intends to pinpoint the modifications in the two core neurocognitive systems underscored by dual-process models of addiction. Methods:: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-month parallel-group phase II superiority trial, 62 participants aged 21-64 years will be enrolled to undergo psilocybin-assisted therapy as part of a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation for severe alcohol use disorder. The experimental group will receive a high dose of psilocybin (30 mg), whereas the control group will receive an active placebo dose of psilocybin (5 mg), both within the context of a brief standardized psychotherapeutic intervention drawing from key elements of acceptance and commitment therapy. The primary clinical outcome is the between-group difference regarding the change in percentage of heavy drinking days from baseline to four weeks posthospital discharge, while safety and feasibility metrics will also be reported as primary outcomes. Key secondary assessments include between-group differences in terms of changes in 1) drinking behavior parameters up to six months posthospital discharge, 2) symptoms of depression, anxiety, trauma, and global functioning, 3) neuroplasticity and key neurocognitive mechanisms associated with addiction, and 4) psychological processes and alcohol-related parameters. Discussion: The discussion outlines issues that might arise from our design. Trial registration: EudraCT 2022-002369-14 and NCT06160232", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2024-01-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3829237/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3829237/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR782504\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1289, "title": "When the Trial Ends: The Case for Post-Trial Provisions in Clinical Psychedelic Research.", "normalized_title": "when the trial ends the case for post trial provisions in clinical psychedelic research", "authors": "Jacobs E, Murphy-Beiner A, Rouiller I, Nutt D, Spriggs MJ", "abstract": "The ethical value-and to some scholars, necessity-of providing trial patients with post-trial access (PTA) to an investigational drug has been subject to significant attention in the field of research ethics. Although no consensus has emerged, it seems clear that, in some trial contexts, various factors make PTA particularly appropriate. We outline the atypical aspects of psychedelic clinical trials that support the case for introducing the provision of PTA within research in this field, including the broader legal status of psychedelics, the nature of the researcher-therapist/participant relationship, and the extended time-frame of the full therapeutic process. As is increasingly understood, the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is driven as much by extrapharmacological elements and the cultural therapeutic container as by the drug itself. As such, we also advocate for a refocusing of attention from post-trial access to a broader concept encompassing other elements of post-trial care. We provide an overview of some of the potential post-trial care provisions that may be appropriate in psychedelic clinical trials. Although the World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki calls on researchers, sponsors, and governments to make provisions for post-trial access, such provision may feel impracticable or out-of-reach within psychedelic trials that are already constrained by a high resource demand and significant bureaucratic burden. We show how conceiving of post-trial provision as an integral site of the research process, and an appropriate destination for research funding, will serve to develop the infrastructure necessary for the post-legalisation psychedelic medicine ecosystem.", "journal": "Neuroethics", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s12152-023-09536-z", "pubmed_id": "37942467", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37942467/", "keywords": "Clinical trials, Post-trial access, Psilocybin, Psychedelic, Research ethics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:37", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37942467\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1273, "title": "CCH attack frequency reduction after psilocybin correlates with hypothalamic functional connectivity", "normalized_title": "cch attack frequency reduction after psilocybin correlates with hypothalamic functional connectivity", "authors": "M. Madsen, Anja Sofie Petersen, Dea Siggaard Stenbæk, Inger Marie Sørensen, Harald Schiønning, Tobias Fjeld, Charlotte H. Nykjær, Sara Marie Ulv Larsen, Maria Zofia Grzywacz, Tobias Mathiesen, Ida L. Klausen, Oliver Overgaard-Hansen, Kristoffer Brendstrup-Brix, Kristían Línnet, Sys Stybe Johansen, Patrick M. Fisher, Rigmor Jensen, Gitte M. Knudsen", "abstract": "Abstract Objective To evaluate the feasibility and prophylactic effect of psilocybin as well as its effects on hypothalamic functional connectivity (FC) in patients with chronic cluster headache (CCH). Background CCH is an excruciating and difficult-to-treat disorder with incompletely understood pathophysiology, although hypothalamic dysfunction has been implicated. Psilocybin may have beneficial prophylactic effects, but clinical evidence is limited. Methods In this small open-label clinical trial, 10 patients with CCH were included and maintained headache diaries for 10 weeks. Patients received three doses of peroral psilocybin (0.14 mg/kg) on the first day of weeks five, six, and seven. The first 4 weeks served as baseline and the last 4 weeks as follow-up. Hypothalamic FC was determined using functional magnetic resonance imaging the day before the first psilocybin dose and 1 week after the last dose. Results The treatment was well tolerated. Attack frequency was reduced by mean (standard deviation) 31% (31) from baseline to follow-up ( p FWER = 0.008). One patient experienced 21 weeks of complete remission. Changes in hypothalamic-diencephalic FC correlated negatively with a percent change in attack frequency ( p FWER = 0.03, R = −0.81), implicating this neural pathway in treatment response. Conclusion Our results indicate that psilocybin may have prophylactic potential and implicates the hypothalamus in possible treatment response. Further clinical studies are warranted.", "journal": "Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1111/head.14656", "pubmed_id": "38238974", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14656", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Functional connectivity, Reduction (mathematics), Neuroscience, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Communication, Psychiatry, Mathematics, Geometry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Migraine and Headache Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391036082\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391036082\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":29,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1639910105\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975317244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007980951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065518000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097764704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098813714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121044470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121872045\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130010412\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151828427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151875733\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2511115395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2512928940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622366552\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769724041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793345777\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801085490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914249024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951617899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971837286\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003683253\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006539195\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094406522\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113947881\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128197953\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205140447\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295750005\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297497355\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309832620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W6666987759\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682345518\",\"https://openalex.org/W6683883610\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000203733\",\"display_name\":\"M. Madsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8836-1844\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089756098\",\"display_name\":\"Anja Sofie Petersen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0125-6038\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004791170\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbæk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-4637\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053267261\",\"display_name\":\"Inger Marie Sørensen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004480001\",\"display_name\":\"Harald Schiønning\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023116178\",\"display_name\":\"Tobias Fjeld\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054137020\",\"display_name\":\"Charlotte H. Nykjær\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8759-3491\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077640621\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Marie Ulv Larsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-2430\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062586544\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Zofia Grzywacz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082867173\",\"display_name\":\"Tobias Mathiesen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076169933\",\"display_name\":\"Ida L. Klausen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053927780\",\"display_name\":\"Oliver Overgaard-Hansen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054721141\",\"display_name\":\"Kristoffer Brendstrup-Brix\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8683-4277\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078174062\",\"display_name\":\"Kristían Línnet\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6974-5535\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013055423\",\"display_name\":\"Sys Stybe Johansen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9555-5134\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021085020\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick M. Fisher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8115-0611\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018165002\",\"display_name\":\"Rigmor Jensen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-5887\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015895924\",\"display_name\":\"Gitte M. Knudsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-6866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S96331937\",\"source_display_name\":\"Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14656\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391036082" }, { "id": 1271, "title": "The Psychedelic Future of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment.", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic future of post traumatic stress disorder treatment", "authors": "Zaretsky TG, Jagodnik KM, Barsic R, Antonio JH, Bonanno PA, MacLeod C, Pierce C, Carney H, Morrison MT, Saylor C, Danias G, Lepow L, Yehuda R.", "abstract": "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can occur following exposure to a traumatic experience. An estimated 12 million U.S. adults are presently affected by this disorder. Current treatments include psychological therapies (e.g., exposure-based interventions) and pharmacological treatments (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)). However, a significant proportion of patients receiving standard-of-care therapies for PTSD remain symptomatic, and new approaches for this and other trauma-related mental health conditions are greatly needed. Psychedelic compounds that alter cognition, perception, and mood are currently being examined for their efficacy in treating PTSD despite their current status as Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)- scheduled substances. Initial clinical trials have demonstrated the potential value of psychedelicassisted therapy to treat PTSD and other psychiatric disorders. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the state of the science of PTSD clinical care, including current treatments and their shortcomings. We review clinical studies of psychedelic interventions to treat PTSD, trauma-related disorders, and common comorbidities. The classic psychedelics psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and DMT-containing ayahuasca, as well as the entactogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and the dissociative anesthetic ketamine, are reviewed. For each drug, we present the history of use, psychological and somatic effects, pharmacology, and safety profile. The rationale and proposed mechanisms for use in treating PTSD and traumarelated disorders are discussed. This review concludes with an in-depth consideration of future directions for the psychiatric applications of psychedelics to maximize therapeutic benefit and minimize risk in individuals and communities impacted by trauma-related conditions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.2174/1570159x22666231027111147", "pubmed_id": "38284341", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159x22666231027111147", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38284341\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1187, "title": "Commentary: Evidence-Informed Recommendation to Achieve Approximate Parity in the Allowed Number of Doses for Common Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "commentary evidence informed recommendation to achieve approximate parity in the allowed number of doses for common psychedelics", "authors": "Thomas KL, Jesse R, Mehtani NJ, Mitchell JM, Anderson BT", "abstract": "In recent years, policymakers have proposed and implemented regulatory changes promoting the deprioritization, decriminalization, or state-level legalization of one or more psychedelic substances, usually referencing data from clinical trials as reasons to support liberalizing drug control policies. As psychedelic policies continue to be drafted, personal possession limits may be considered for inclusion in those regulations. If \"allowable amount\" limits are to be written into law to set personal possession limits, then such amounts should be more consistently related to psychedelic doses found to be safe and efficacious in clinical trials, existing data on moderate-high doses commonly used in various naturalistic settings, and the few studies that estimate psychedelic dose equivalence based on the intensity of subjective effects. In this commentary, we provide an evidence-informed table of typical moderate-high doses for seven commonly used psychedelic substances. These estimates of comparable moderate-high doses can be used to inform \"allowable amount\" values for psychedelic substances. When such limits are written into legislation, the adoption of evidence-informed comparable limits akin to those presented here would be an important first step toward ensuring greater parity and consistency in drug policy, relative to limits that have little or no scientific basis.", "journal": "Journal of psychoactive drugs", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2023.2201244", "pubmed_id": "37061961", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37061961/", "keywords": "5-MeO-DMT, DMT, LSD, MDMA, ayahuasca, ibogaine, mescaline, policy, psilocybin, psychedelic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:37", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37061961\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3780, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians - Part I. Historical Perspective and Overview", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians part i historical perspective and overview", "authors": "Tabaac BJ, Shinozuka K, Arenas A, Beutler BD, Cherian K, Evans VD, Fasano C, Muir OS.", "abstract": "Background: Psychedelic drugs have recently emerged as plausibly effective pharmacological agents for the management of depression, anxiety, and other neuropsychiatric conditions, including conditions that have not benefited from prior interventions. The latter half of the twentieth century marked a revolution in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and psychosis, exemplified by the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, dopamine antagonists, and other pharmacological agents. Nevertheless, mental illness remains a major public health crisis, affecting nearly one billion individuals worldwide. Areas of Uncertainty: Due to the recency of the resurgence in psychedelic research, there are still only a small number of large, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials of psychedelics in psychiatric populations. While initial clinical trials of psychedelics for depression were very promising, trials of psilocybin with larger sample sizes (100+ participants) seem to suggest that it may not be more effective than antidepressants.Therapeutic Advances: Esketamine, a dissociative hallucinogen drug, was approved for the management of major depressive disorder by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019. As of December 2023, two Phase III trials of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a synthetic drug that inhibits the serotonin transporter, have been completed; the results indicate that MDMA is superior to existing pharmacological treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder. A phase III trial of psilocybin, a naturally occurring serotonin receptor partial agonist, is currently underway. The following series details the current state of research in psychedelic therapeutics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N-N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and ayahuasca, psilocybin, ibogaine, MDMA, and ketamine. Conclusions: Psychedelic drugs and structural derivatives offer a great deal of promise for the management of a wide range of psychiatric morbidities. It is imperative that clinicians become familiar with these novel agents and learn how to implement psychedelic therapeutics as part of a patient-centered care paradigm.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/byms6", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/byms6", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:21", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR779328\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3751, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians - Part IV. Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians part iv psilocybin", "authors": "Tabaac BJ, Shinozuka K, Arenas A, Beutler BD, Cherian K, Evans VD, Fasano C, Muir OS.", "abstract": "Background: The primary psychoactive drug in magic mushrooms, psilocybin induces profound alterations in consciousness through its action at the 5-HT2A receptor. This comprehensive review consolidates current research findings to elucidate the pharmacology, safety profile, and clinical applications of psilocybin.Areas of Uncertainty: Despite initial concerns that psilocybin could cause long-lasting mental health problems such as psychosis, contemporary research has demonstrated that psilocybin is psychologically and physiologically safe. Adverse psychiatric outcomes can generally be avoided in controlled settings such as clinical trials. However, considerations regarding optimal dosing, therapeutic protocols, and integration strategies for psychedelic experiences remain imperative for the responsible clinical implementation of psilocybin-assisted therapy. Therapeutic Advances: In clinical trials, psilocybin has shown promise for treating major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Initial studies indicated that 42-57% of patients underwent remission after psilocybin-assisted therapy, which suggests that psilocybin is more effective than existing antidepressant medications. However, larger Phase II trials with more than 100 participants have shown a much smaller remission rate of 25-29%, though these studies still observed that psilocybin causes a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. Clinical data has also demonstrated that psilocybin can manage substance use disorders and end-of-life anxiety. Conclusion: Psilocybin is the most clinically well-researched psychedelic drug, with trials that have enrolled hundreds of participants and therapeutic applications that span multiple psychiatric conditions. Phase III trials, which have already commenced, will determine whether psilocybin lives up to the promise that it showed in previous clinical trials.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/a8xwk", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/a8xwk", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:18", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR779326\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3293, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians - Part I. Historical Perspective and Overview", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians part i historical perspective and overview", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Psychedelic drugs have recently emerged as plausibly effective pharmacological agents for the management of depression, anxiety, and other neuropsychiatric conditions, including conditions that have not benefited from prior interventions. The latter half of the twentieth century marked a revolution in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and psychosis, exemplified by the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, dopamine antagonists, and other pharmacological agents. Nevertheless, mental illness remains a major public health crisis, affecting nearly one billion individuals worldwide. Areas of Uncertainty: Due to the recency of the resurgence in psychedelic research, there are still only a small number of large, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials of psychedelics in psychiatric populations. While initial clinical trials of psychedelics for depression were very promising, trials of psilocybin with larger sample sizes (100+ participants) seem to suggest that it may not be more effective than antidepressants. Therapeutic Advances: Esketamine, a dissociative hallucinogen drug, was approved for the management of major depressive disorder by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019. As of December 2023, two Phase III trials of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a synthetic drug that inhibits the serotonin transporter, have been completed; the results indicate that MDMA is superior to existing pharmacological treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder. A phase III trial of psilocybin, a naturally occurring serotonin receptor partial agonist, is currently underway. The following series details the current state of research in psychedelic therapeutics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N-N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and ayahuasca, psilocybin, ibogaine, MDMA, and ketamine. Conclusions: Psychedelic drugs and structural derivatives offer a great deal of promise for the management of a wide range of psychiatric morbidities. It is imperative that clinicians become familiar with these novel agents and learn how to implement psychedelic therapeutics as part of a patient-centered care paradigm.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/byms6_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"byms6_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3133, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians - Part IV. Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians part iv psilocybin", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: The primary psychoactive drug in magic mushrooms, psilocybin induces profound alterations in consciousness through its action at the 5-HT2A receptor. This comprehensive review consolidates current research findings to elucidate the pharmacology, safety profile, and clinical applications of psilocybin. Areas of Uncertainty: Despite initial concerns that psilocybin could cause long-lasting mental health problems such as psychosis, contemporary research has demonstrated that psilocybin is psychologically and physiologically safe. Adverse psychiatric outcomes can generally be avoided in controlled settings such as clinical trials. However, considerations regarding optimal dosing, therapeutic protocols, and integration strategies for psychedelic experiences remain imperative for the responsible clinical implementation of psilocybin-assisted therapy. Therapeutic Advances: In clinical trials, psilocybin has shown promise for treating major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Initial studies indicated that 42-57% of patients underwent remission after psilocybin-assisted therapy, which suggests that psilocybin is more effective than existing antidepressant medications. However, larger Phase II trials with more than 100 participants have shown a much smaller remission rate of 25-29%, though these studies still observed that psilocybin causes a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. Clinical data has also demonstrated that psilocybin can manage substance use disorders and end-of-life anxiety. Conclusion: Psilocybin is the most clinically well-researched psychedelic drug, with trials that have enrolled hundreds of participants and therapeutic applications that span multiple psychiatric conditions. Phase III trials, which have already commenced, will determine whether psilocybin lives up to the promise that it showed in previous clinical trials.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/a8xwk_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"a8xwk_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1324, "title": "Potential use of psilocybin drugs in the treatment of depression.", "normalized_title": "potential use of psilocybin drugs in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Śladowska K, Kawalec P, Brzostek T, Pilc A.", "abstract": "IntroductionDepression is a common disabling psychiatric disorder, which - in extreme cases - may lead to suicide if untreated or inadequately treated. Despite the availability of various treatments for depression, including pharmacotherapy, there is still a need to search for new agents with higher effectiveness and faster onset of action, especially for patients with treatment-resistant depression.Areas coveredA substance that has attracted considerable attention for nearly a decade is psilocybin, a natural psychedelic found in psilocybin mushrooms. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of depression, based on pivotal randomized clinical trials. Moreover, we used findings from observational studies regarding recreational use. We also looked at ongoing clinical trials and discussed the registration status and clinical potential of the drug.Expert opinionClinical phase I-II trials published to date reported promising results for psilocybin in the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression, in a relatively short time after administration. However, before psilocybin is approved for use and administered to patients with depression, the results of large ongoing phase III clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety and to change the way it is perceived by physicians and patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/14728214.2023.2264180", "pubmed_id": "37817501", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2023.2264180", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37817501\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4725, "title": "Application of psilocybin in mental health disorders", "normalized_title": "application of psilocybin in mental health disorders", "authors": "Jingxuan Chen", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychoactive compound, which has been used for ages in traditional settings for religious and therapeutic use. Recent studies have renewed interest in psilocybin for its potential therapeutic benefits in treating depression and anxiety. The pharmacodynamics of psilocybin are complex, involving its rapid conversion to psilocin and its activity on various serotonin receptors, particularly the 5HT2A/C and 5HT1A receptors. In addition, psilocybin can increase glutamate release, which is believed to be an important mechanism underlying its therapeutic effects. Clinical trials have demonstrated that psilocybin has a long-lasting antidepressant effect, with little to no side effects. However, it is necessary to further study the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potential and to optimize its use in clinical settings. Overall, the promising findings suggest that psilocybin may offer a valuable alternative to traditional antidepressant therapies for individuals suffering from depression and anxiety. Meanwhile, studies have shown that this drug also has certain benefits for mental disorders such as addiction and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Thus, it is necessary to continue exploring the potential of psilocybin as a novel strategy in treating mental health disorders.", "journal": "Theoretical and Natural Science", "publication_date": "2023-12-19", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.54254/2753-8818/21/20230859", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/21/20230859", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Psychology, Psychiatry, Addiction, Pharmacology, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390006951\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390006951\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038786381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038839611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045988021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769124319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214305299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W6660356446\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682579402\",\"https://openalex.org/W6739316299\",\"https://openalex.org/W6746562885\",\"https://openalex.org/W6795106739\",\"https://openalex.org/W6808041420\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068024444\",\"display_name\":\"Jingxuan Chen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8863-9535\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387283303\",\"source_display_name\":\"Theoretical and Natural Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/21/20230859\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390006951" }, { "id": 1183, "title": "Acceptability of psilocybin-assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder: Qualitative analysis", "normalized_title": "acceptability of psilocybin assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder qualitative analysis", "authors": "Yvan Beaussant, Elise C. Tarbi, Kabir Nigam, Skye A. Miner, Zachary Sager, Justin J. Sanders, Michael Ljuslin, Benjamin Guérin, Paul Thambi, James A. Tulsky, Manish Agrawal", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The present study explored the acceptability of psilocybin-assisted group therapy from the perspective of patients with cancer and depression who participated in a clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of this novel intervention. METHODS: Guided by the conceptual framework of acceptability, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with participants of the psilocybin trial. Data were analyzed using template and thematic analyses. RESULTS: Participants' (n = 28) perspectives on the acceptability of the group and simultaneous sessions was generally positive, both in terms of safety and efficacy: first, the groups contributed to increase participants' sense of safety and preparedness as they were engaging in the therapy; and second, the groups fostered a sense of connection and of belonging, which served to enrich and deepen the meaning of participants' experience, ultimately opening a dimension of self-transcendence and compassion. Other subthemes related to factors influencing the acceptability of the group approach included: 1) the importance of the therapeutic framework, 2) the complementary value of individual sessions, 3) disruptive factors related to the group and/or simultaneous setting, and 4) opportunities and challenges related to group size and how to structure interactions. CONCLUSIONS: This study enhances understanding of what promotes acceptability of the psilocybin-assisted therapy group model for the treatment of MDD in cancer patients. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: We conducted exit interviews with participants of a phase 2 trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) conducted in a community cancer center, to assess the acceptability of a novel psilocybin delivery model combining simultaneous individual therapy and group sessions. Our findings support the acceptability of this intervention and suggest that in addition to being feasible, it might also enhance participants' perceived safety and efficacy compared to uniquely individual or group delivery models of PAT. Our analysis highlights critical factors conditioning acceptability and suggests new ways PAT may be scaled and integrated into cancer care.", "journal": "Cancer", "publication_date": "2023-12-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/cncr.35024", "pubmed_id": "38105653", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35024", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Thematic analysis, Group psychotherapy, Qualitative research, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Sociology, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":22,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W163976722\",\"https://openalex.org/W1480983579\",\"https://openalex.org/W1513859721\",\"https://openalex.org/W1557078286\",\"https://openalex.org/W1566986267\",\"https://openalex.org/W1922474554\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965295590\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981592659\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997084088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025131776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047362844\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084343441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089047250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153153465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168281859\",\"https://openalex.org/W2305278139\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582406074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2625982844\",\"https://openalex.org/W2738640210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2931245338\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001979862\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015163151\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166459008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211011432\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225266953\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281784879\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285077222\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W6606710515\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063328366\",\"display_name\":\"Yvan Beaussant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-6736\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017118759\",\"display_name\":\"Elise C. Tarbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-6632\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053570913\",\"display_name\":\"Kabir Nigam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-0079\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076256339\",\"display_name\":\"Skye A. Miner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-2440\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064982845\",\"display_name\":\"Zachary Sager\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-9582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063712330\",\"display_name\":\"Justin J. Sanders\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8928-4051\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071091088\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Ljuslin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-1749\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052182950\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Guérin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-7874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014360467\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Tulsky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0453\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S126033908\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cancer\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35024\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389895437" }, { "id": 1181, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted group therapy in patients with cancer diagnosed with a major depressive disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group therapy in patients with cancer diagnosed with a major depressive disorder", "authors": "Manish Agrawal, William A. Richards, Yvan Beaussant, Sarah Shnayder, Rezvan Ameli, Kimberly Roddy, Norma Stevens, Brian D. Richards, Nick Schor, Heather Honstein, Betsy Jenkins, Mark Bates, Paul Thambi", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Depression is common in patients with cancer and is associated with lower treatment adherence and reduced quality of life. Antidepressants and psychotherapy have limited success in improving depression among patients with cancer. This study explored the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder. METHODS: This phase 2, open-label trial enrolled patients with curable and noncurable cancer and major depressive disorder at a single community oncology practice site. A single 25-mg dose of psilocybin was administered simultaneously to cohorts of three to four participants with individual (4.25 hours in 1:1 therapist-to-patient ratio) and group therapeutic support (3.75 hours) before, during, and after psilocybin administration. Outcomes included depression severity, anxiety, pain, demoralization, and disability. RESULTS: Thirty participants completed the study. No psilocybin-related serious adverse events occurred; treatment-related adverse events (e.g., nausea, headache) were generally mild and expected. There were no laboratory or electrocardiogram abnormalities. No suicidality was reported. Efficacy was suggested with a robust reduction in depression severity scores from baseline to posttreatment of 19.1 points (95% CI, 22.3 to -16.0; p", "journal": "Cancer", "publication_date": "2023-12-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/cncr.35010", "pubmed_id": "38105655", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35010", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Cancer, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Oncology, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":72,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1957937187\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966158258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017346793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023305103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026890679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030045599\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041265397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077188072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084779737\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115510970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153153465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160070901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803692240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904473517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940589604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969626873\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116377810\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251745849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039889194\",\"display_name\":\"William A. Richards\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-9249\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063328366\",\"display_name\":\"Yvan Beaussant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-6736\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038515583\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Shnayder\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040592691\",\"display_name\":\"Rezvan Ameli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8061-4034\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093431923\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Roddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108886819\",\"display_name\":\"Norma Stevens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034785335\",\"display_name\":\"Brian D. Richards\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nick Schor\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092083232\",\"display_name\":\"Heather Honstein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108886818\",\"display_name\":\"Betsy Jenkins\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045651335\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Bates\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5916-5403\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S126033908\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cancer\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35010\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389900078" }, { "id": 1306, "title": "Psilocybin-induced default mode network hypoconnectivity is blunted in alcohol-dependent rats", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced default mode network hypoconnectivity is blunted in alcohol dependent rats", "authors": "Jonathan Reinwald, Christian N. Schmitz, Ivan Skorodumov, Martin Kuchař, Wolfgang Weber-Fahr, Rainer Spanagel, Marcus W. Meinhardt", "abstract": "Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) adversely affects the lives of millions of people, but still lacks effective treatment options. Recent advancements in psychedelic research suggest psilocybin to be potentially efficacious for AUD. However, major knowledge gaps remain regarding (1) psilocybin's general mode of action and (2) AUD-specific alterations of responsivity to psilocybin treatment in the brain that are crucial for treatment development. Here, we conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover pharmaco-fMRI study on psilocybin effects using a translational approach with healthy rats and a rat model of alcohol relapse. Psilocybin effects were quantified with resting-state functional connectivity using data-driven whole-brain global brain connectivity, network-based statistics, graph theory, hypothesis-driven Default Mode Network (DMN)-specific connectivity, and entropy analyses. Results demonstrate that psilocybin induced an acute wide-spread decrease in different functional connectivity domains together with a distinct increase of connectivity between serotonergic core regions and cortical areas. We could further provide translational evidence for psilocybin-induced DMN hypoconnectivity reported in humans. Psilocybin showed an AUD-specific blunting of DMN hypoconnectivity, which strongly correlated to the alcohol relapse intensity and was mainly driven by medial prefrontal regions. In conclusion, our results provide translational validity for acute psilocybin-induced neural effects in the rodent brain. Furthermore, alcohol relapse severity was negatively correlated with neural responsivity to psilocybin treatment. Our data suggest that a clinical standard dose of psilocybin may not be sufficient to treat severe AUD cases; a finding that should be considered for future clinical trials.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2023-12-13", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-023-02690-1", "pubmed_id": "38097569", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-023-02690-1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Default mode network, Hallucinogen, Alcohol use disorder, Psychology, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Functional connectivity, Alcohol, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Tryptophan and brain disorders, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389728826\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389728826\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":25,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W8772133\",\"https://openalex.org/W289983388\",\"https://openalex.org/W1862394037\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966449636\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973776237\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973814761\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979600308\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982298072\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985925989\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997625719\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998645824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001350759\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003470301\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009341243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016115765\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021136584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024942419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025534288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027040267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029021490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056706443\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060369973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070615835\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079005883\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084030407\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088599339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089436854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092204227\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092297027\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096567449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112090702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126838454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143648030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153138063\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153645092\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167822639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168745915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169787465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2243916050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2307021258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318552418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2337964085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411622228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2431295287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2780903528\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792120884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792211781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793474747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793761191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950564037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971649686\",\"https://openalex.org/W2977883299\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983179222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994882463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995495462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996181392\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011295908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3020950088\",\"https://openalex.org/W3038276942\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084629651\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093454394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093810618\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110820786\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128374214\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203708166\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210776066\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213463597\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213477590\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214479968\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221031678\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224272130\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226177366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234942272\",\"https://openalex.org/W4255655703\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4287092237\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311952982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353070324\",\"https://openalex.org/W4360999698\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018320681\",\"display_name\":\"Jonathan Reinwald\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-3942\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077142042\",\"display_name\":\"Christian N. Schmitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1908-4026\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079196313\",\"display_name\":\"Ivan Skorodumov\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6749-9745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084865612\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Kuchař\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7616-6352\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074692411\",\"display_name\":\"Wolfgang Weber-Fahr\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-7041\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016315764\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Spanagel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2151-4521\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013945938\",\"display_name\":\"Marcus W. Meinhardt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-0731\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-023-02690-1\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389728826" }, { "id": 3152, "title": "Psilocybin prevents activity-based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility: contributions from 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin prevents activity based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility contributions from 5 ht1a and 5 ht2a receptor mechanisms", "authors": "Conn K, Milton L, Huang K, Munguba H, Ruuska J, Lemus M, Greaves E, Homman-Ludiye J, Oldfield B, Foldi C.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise for alleviating symptoms of depression and is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN), a condition that is characterised by persistent cognitive inflexibility. Considering that enhanced cognitive flexibility after psilocybin treatment is reported to occur in individuals with depression, it is plausible that psilocybin could improve symptoms of AN by breaking down cognitive inflexibility. A mechanistic understanding of the actions of psilocybin is required to tailor the clinical application of psilocybin to individuals most likely to respond with positive outcomes. This can only be achieved using incisive neurobiological approaches in animal models. Here, we use the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rat model and comprehensively assess aspects of reinforcement learning to show that psilocybin (post-acutely) improves body weight maintenance in female rats and facilitates cognitive flexibility, specifically via improved adaptation to the initial reversal of reward contingencies. Further, we reveal the involvement of signalling through the serotonin (5-HT) 1A and 5-HT2A receptor subtypes in specific aspects of learning, demonstrating that 5-HT1A antagonism negates the cognitive enhancing effects of psilocybin. Moreover, we show that psilocybin elicits a transient increase and decrease in cortical transcription of these receptors ( Htr2a and Htr1a, respectively), and a further reduction in the abundance of Htr2a transcripts in rats exposed to the ABA model. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that psilocybin could ameliorate cognitive inflexibility in the context of AN and highlight a need to better understand the therapeutic mechanisms independent of 5-HT2A receptor binding.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.12.12.571374", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.12.571374", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR773743\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1308, "title": "A Systematic Review of Reporting Practices in Psychedelic Clinical Trials: Psychological Support, Therapy, and Psychosocial Interventions.", "normalized_title": "a systematic review of reporting practices in psychedelic clinical trials psychological support therapy and psychosocial interventions", "authors": "Brennan W, Kelman AR, Belser AB.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelic-assisted therapy has gained significant attention in recent years. However, there is a lack of empirical clarity on the role of psychosocial interventions (PIs) in clinical trials of psychedelic treatment due in part to deficiencies in reporting practices found in the existing literature. These PI include non-drug support or interventions provided by psychotherapists or facilitators during all phases of treatment, sometimes called \"psychological support,\" \"monitoring,\" \"psychedelic-assisted therapy,\" or \"psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.\" A brief review of recent research, historical studies, safety considerations, and participant perspectives suggests that PI has a substantive and critical impact on treatment outcomes.MethodsThis systematic review examines the reporting practices on PI in published clinical trial results. The review employs a search of PubMed/Medline and PSYCinfo databases to identify relevant articles. It includes quantitative clinical studies treating patients with psychiatric indications using classic psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca) or empathogenic drugs (MDMA) since 2000. The analytic approach follows a modified version of assessment items based on CONSORT extension statement and TIDieR checklist.ResultsThirty-three published psychedelic clinical trials met criteria. The review reveals that many published reports on psychedelic clinical trials did not report basic aspects of the intervention: 33% did not report the number of sessions, 45% did not report the duration of sessions, 42% did not report provider credentials, 52% did not report whether their intervention used a therapy manual, 64% did not reference a manual that was available to readers, and 82% did not report that they assessed treatment fidelity. A comparison with non-psychedelic trials shows that psychedelic trial reports underreport on key items related to PI.DiscussionThe study highlights the problems of underreporting and the importance of improving reporting practices regarding PI in psychedelic clinical trials to enhance research standardization and improve treatment outcomes. Recommendations for improving reporting practices are provided.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0007", "pubmed_id": "40046864", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0007", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40046864\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4726, "title": "Psychotropics: A scientific, regulatory, and public view on the medicinal uses of cannabinoids and psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychotropics a scientific regulatory and public view on the medicinal uses of cannabinoids and psilocybin", "authors": "Ivana Turek", "abstract": "Research on psychotropics is gaining more popularity worldwide and support from drug regulatory agencies, which recognise the unmet medical needs of certain patient communities, such as patients with mental disorders and patients with cancer who experience depression. Cannabinoids and psilocybin have shown promising results in preclinical studies and clinical trials, but the current clinical evidence is scarce, and the regulatory requirements are strict due to high potential for drug abuse. The US FDA has recently released a draft, non-binding guidance on clinical trials with psychedelics. Europe is currently falling behind the US and Canada in terms of regulating psychotropic substances. The article provides a general introduction on conducting clinical trials with psychotropics and the regulatory requirements (as of October 2023) when submitting marketing authorisation application. In the near future, as more data becomes available, research on psychotropics will definitely shape the European regulatory landscape.", "journal": "Medical Writing", "publication_date": "2023-12-10", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.56012/tsen2260", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.56012/tsen2260", "keywords": "Clinical trial, Psilocybin, Authorization, Medicine, Regulatory science, Marketing authorization, Psychiatry, Drug approval, Alternative medicine, Drug, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Bioinformatics, Computer security, Computer science, Pathology, Biology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389763815\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389763815\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1962052985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006895664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102963347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141209126\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148841660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154191181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157305173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2199093360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2282484587\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2494477347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547881037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616653812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756282134\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905689668\",\"https://openalex.org/W2916674868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917202476\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014627976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3089446948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3099423662\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111428945\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125143320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139079540\",\"https://openalex.org/W3142425130\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152710445\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157866107\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211238337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212985029\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221049236\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221098483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224046478\",\"https://openalex.org/W4241030589\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281482740\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295073950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312558268\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366421959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4368362129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378902070\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381309423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382515410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385901848\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048668460\",\"display_name\":\"Ivana Turek\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2765017934\",\"source_display_name\":\"Medical Writing\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.56012/tsen2260\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389763815" }, { "id": 1260, "title": "Serotonin 2A Receptor (5-HT2AR) Agonists: Psychedelics and Non-Hallucinogenic Analogues as Emerging Antidepressants.", "normalized_title": "serotonin 2a receptor 5 ht2ar agonists psychedelics and non hallucinogenic analogues as emerging antidepressants", "authors": "Duan W, Cao D, Wang S, Cheng J.", "abstract": "Psychedelics make up a group of psychoactive compounds that induce hallucinogenic effects by activating the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR). Clinical trials have demonstrated the traditional psychedelic substances like psilocybin as a class of rapid-acting and long-lasting antidepressants. However, there is a pressing need for rationally designed 5-HT2AR agonists that possess optimal pharmacological profiles in order to fully reveal the therapeutic potential of these agonists and identify safer drug candidates devoid of hallucinogenic effects. This Perspective provides an overview of the structure-activity relationships of existing 5-HT2AR agonists based on their chemical classifications and discusses recent advancements in understanding their molecular pharmacology at a structural level. The encouraging clinical outcomes of psychedelics in depression treatment have sparked drug discovery endeavors aimed at developing novel 5-HT2AR agonists with improved subtype selectivity and signaling bias properties, which could serve as safer and potentially nonhallucinogenic antidepressants. These efforts can be significantly expedited through the utilization of structure-based methods and functional selectivity-directed screening.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00375", "pubmed_id": "38033123", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00375", "keywords": "Serotonin, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38033123\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1127, "title": "Current Understanding on Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder: A Review Focusing on Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "current understanding on psilocybin for major depressive disorder a review focusing on clinical trials", "authors": "Wang SM, Kim S, Choi WS, Lim HK, Woo YS, Pae CU, Bahk WM.", "abstract": "Previous studies suggested effectiveness of psilocybin in the field of mental health. FDA designated psilocybin as a \"breakthrough therapy\" for the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in 2018. This paper provided a review of psilocybin's potential role in treatment of depression by focusing on published clinical trials. Studies showed that psilocybin, an agonist on 5-HT2A receptors, manifests antidepressant and anxiolytic effects by increasing glutamate transmission, reducing brain inflammation, decreasing default mode network activity. In terms of clinical trials, eleven studies (six open-label and five double blinded randomized clinical trials [DB-RCTs]) trials exploring psilocybin's impact on depression were found. Among open-label studies, a pilot study on TRD patients demonstrated significant reductions in depressive symptoms after two psilocybin sessions. Psilocybin also improved cognitive bias associated with depression. Extension studies confirmed sustained improvements and high remission rates. Among five DB-RCTs, two showed that psilocybin led to significant reductions in anxiety and depression in cancer patients, and the improvements sustained for over six months. In MDD, psilocybin showed rapid reductions in depression, with higher remission rates compared to escitalopram in a DB-RCT. Another DB-RCT showed that psilocybin induced higher decrease in depression around 6 hours after their administrations than placebo. The last DB-RCT showed that in patients with TRD, a single dose of psilocybin 25 mg, but not psilocybin 10 mg, resulted in superior antidepressant effect than psilocybin 1 mg. Overall, psilocybin showed promise in treating depression and anxiety, with notable safety profiles. Further research should explore optimal dosages and long-term effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.9758/cpn.23.1134", "pubmed_id": "38627070", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.23.1134", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38627070\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1285, "title": "Assessment of the acute subjective psychedelic experience: A review of patient-reported outcome measures in clinical research on classical psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "assessment of the acute subjective psychedelic experience a review of patient reported outcome measures in clinical research on classical psychedelics", "authors": "Hovmand OR, Poulsen ED, Arnfred S.", "abstract": "BackgroundThe classical psychedelics psilocybin, peyote, ayahuasca/ N, N-dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide can temporarily produce altered states of consciousness, characterized by changes in sensory perception, thought, mood, and the sense of self-reality and meaning. It is important to have reliable instruments for quantifying these altered states in trials, due to a plausible link between the acute subjective experience and treatment outcome.MethodsWe conducted a review of outcome measures applied in research on classical psychedelics to assess one or more dimensions of the acute subjective psychedelic experience. Three relevant databases were searched electronically. Two reviewers independently conducted article selection and data extraction regarding the instruments, dimensions, geography, population, and psychedelic substance investigated in the included studies. We identified the five most utilized instruments for the most recent 6 years, as well as the five most utilized instruments for each psychedelic.ResultsWe included 93 papers, which reported on 93 unique trials and utilized 17 different rating scales. Of these, the most utilized were the Five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire, visual analog or Likert scales specially developed for the trials, the Hallucinogen Rating Scale, the States of Consciousness Questionnaire, and the Abnormer Psychischer Zustand.DiscussionConsiderable variability was found in the instruments utilized in clinical trials on classical psychedelics. We advise and encourage the development of a core outcome set for psychedelic research to enable altered state comparisons across compounds, participants, and settings. We further advise that instruments be designed to assess the \"setting\" of a psychedelic experience.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-15", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231200019", "pubmed_id": "37969069", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231200019", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin, Patient Reported Outcome Measures", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37969069\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1287, "title": "The psychedelic effects of cannabis: A review of the literature.", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic effects of cannabis a review of the literature", "authors": "Wolinsky D, Barrett FS, Vandrey R.", "abstract": "Cannabis and classic psychedelics are controlled substances with emerging evidence of efficacy in the treatment of a variety of psychiatric illnesses. Cannabis has largely not been regarded as having psychedelic effects in contemporary literature, despite many examples of historical use along with classic psychedelics to attain altered states of consciousness. Research into the \"psychedelic\" effects of cannabis, and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in particular, could prove helpful for assessing potential therapeutic indications and elucidating the mechanism of action of both cannabis and classic psychedelics. This review aggregates and evaluates the literature assessing the capacity of cannabis to yield the perceptual changes, aversiveness, and mystical experiences more typically associated with classic psychedelics such as psilocybin. This review also provides a brief contrast of neuroimaging findings associated with the acute effects of cannabis and psychedelics. The available evidence suggests that high-THC cannabis may be able to elicit psychedelic effects, but that these effects may not have been observed in recent controlled research studies due to the doses, set, and settings commonly used. Research is needed to investigate the effects of high doses of THC in the context utilized in therapeutic studies of psychedelics aimed to occasion psychedelic and/or therapeutic experiences. If cannabis can reliably generate psychedelic experiences under these conditions, high-THC dose cannabis treatments should be explored as potential adjunctive treatments for psychiatric disorders and be considered as an active comparator in clinical trials involving traditional psychedelic medications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231209194", "pubmed_id": "37947321", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231209194", "keywords": "Humans, Cannabis, Hallucinogens, Consciousness, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37947321\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Aging,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1321, "title": "Psychedelic renaissance: Revitalized potential therapies for psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic renaissance revitalized potential therapies for psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Rhee TG, Davoudian PA, Sanacora G, Wilkinson ST.", "abstract": "Psychiatric disorders represent the largest cause of disability worldwide. Global interests in psychedelic substances as potentially therapeutic agents for psychiatric disorders has recently re-emerged. Here, we review progress in the development of psychedelic compounds that have potential therapeutic effects as well as the safety concerns. We include psilocybin, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and the entactogen 3,4-methyl-enedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA). We also review the potential interactive effects these compounds can have with psychotherapeutic approaches. We provide a cutting-edge review of active and recently completed clinical trials based on the published literature (from MEDLINE), published abstracts at citable conferences, clinical trials from the US Clinical Trials registry (clinicaltrials.gov) and media press releases.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103818", "pubmed_id": "37925136", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103818", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37925136\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4744, "title": "Single dose of psilocybin improves depressive symptoms in Phase 2 study", "normalized_title": "single dose of psilocybin improves depressive symptoms in phase 2 study", "authors": "", "abstract": "A single 25-mg dose of psilocybin administered with psychological support led to significant and sustained improvement in depressive symptoms compared with placebo in a Phase 2 study of patients with major depressive disorder. A higher number of adverse events occurred in the psilocybin group, but no serious treatment-emergent adverse events were reported. Study results were published online Aug. 31, 2023, in JAMA.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2023-10-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31093", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31093", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Placebo, Medicine, Depressive symptoms, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Cognition, Alternative medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388023533\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388023533\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31093\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4388023533" }, { "id": 1069, "title": "The Tolerability and Safety of Psilocybin in Psychiatric and Substance-Dependence Conditions: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "the tolerability and safety of psilocybin in psychiatric and substance dependence conditions a systematic review", "authors": "Kaminski D, Reinert JP.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThe objective of this systematic review is to determine the tolerability and safety of psilocybin in a variety of psychiatric and substance-dependence conditions.Data sourcesA systematic review was conducted using Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Web of Science through September 2023 using the following terminology: \"psilocybin\" AND \"mental-disease\" OR \"substance-dependence\" AND \"disease-therapy,\" in addition to other synonymous key words.Study selection and data extractionLiterature reporting acute effects and safety data following the use of psilocybin as the pharmacologic intervention in a clinical trial in adult patients with a psychiatric or substance-dependence condition were included. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 studies were ultimately included in this review.Data synthesisThe most common treatment-emergent adverse effects reported were transient nausea and headache. Transient anxiety was reported as a frequent psychiatric effect, and 3 participants received a benzodiazepine for refractory anxiety during the psilocybin session. Psilocybin demonstrated modest increases in blood pressure and heart rate, and 1 participant received an antihypertensive for sustained hypertension during the psilocybin session. No cases of psilocybin-induced psychosis or Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder were reported.Relevance to patient care and clinical practiceTreatment resistance remains a concern for psychiatric patients and novel therapies are needed to help alleviate the burden of morbidity and mortality. Psilocybin demonstrates promising acute and long-term safety that may allow for its use in psychiatric or substance-dependence conditions as an alternative to standards of care or in treatment-resistant patients.ConclusionsPsilocybin has demonstrated tolerability and safety in recent literature that has investigated its therapeutic potential in a variety of psychiatric or substance-dependence conditions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-10-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/10600280231205645", "pubmed_id": "37902038", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280231205645", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37902038\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1323, "title": "Cardiovascular safety of psychedelic medicine: current status and future directions.", "normalized_title": "cardiovascular safety of psychedelic medicine current status and future directions", "authors": "Wsół A.", "abstract": "Psychedelics are powerful psychoactive substances that alter perception and mood processes. Their effectiveness in the treatment of psychiatric diseases was known before their prohibition. An increasing number of recent studies, due to the indisputable resurgence of serotonergic hallucinogens, have shown their efficacy in alleviating depression, anxiety, substance abuse therapies, and existential distress treatment in patients facing life-threatening illness. Psychedelics are generally considered to be physiologically safe with low toxicity and low addictive potential. However, their agonism at serotonergic receptors should be considered in the context of possible serotonin-related cardiotoxicity (5-HT2A/2B and 5-HT4 receptors), influence on platelet aggregation (5-HT2A receptor), and their proarrhythmic potential. The use of psychedelics has also been associated with significant sympathomimetic effects in both experimental and clinical studies. Therefore, the present review aims to provide a critical discussion of the cardiovascular safety of psilocybin, d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine, ayahuasca, and mescaline, based on the results of experimental research and clinical trials in humans. Experimental studies provide inconsistent information on the potential cardiovascular effects and toxicity of psychedelics. Data from clinical trials point to the relative cardiovascular safety of psychedelic-assisted therapies in the population of \"healthy\" volunteers. However, there is insufficient evidence from therapies carried out with microdoses of psychedelics, and there is still a lack of data on the safety of psychedelics in the population of patients with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the exact determination of the cardiovascular safety of psychedelic therapies (especially long-term therapies) requires further research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-10-23", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s43440-023-00539-4", "pubmed_id": "37874530", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-023-00539-4", "keywords": "Humans, Mescaline, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37874530\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1342, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Haikazian S, Chen-Li DCJ, Johnson DE, Fancy F, Levinta A, Husain MI, Mansur RB, McIntyre RS, Rosenblat JD.", "abstract": "The aim of this review was to determine the effect of psilocybin on depressive symptoms in patients diagnosed with life-threatening illnesses or major depressive disorder. Systematic searches were conducted to search for randomized clinical trials and open-label trials that evaluated depression symptoms after psilocybin therapy. Data was pooled using a random-effects model. The primary outcome was the standardized mean difference (SMD) in depression severity, determined by calculating the change in depression ratings from baseline to the primary endpoint in the psilocybin arm versus the control arm. The literature search yielded 1734 studies, and 13 studies (n = 686) were included in either qualitative and/or quantitative analyses. The meta-analysis included 9 studies (pooled n = 596) and yielded a large effect size in favour of psilocybin (SMD = -0.78; p", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-10-10", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115531", "pubmed_id": "37844352", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115531", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37844352\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4755, "title": "Psilocybin shows promising results in subjects continuing to use an antidepressant", "normalized_title": "psilocybin shows promising results in subjects continuing to use an antidepressant", "authors": "", "abstract": "Ongoing antidepressant treatment is believed to alter the psychedelic effect of psilocybin, so most psilocybin trials have required withdrawal from antidepressants before enrollment. There has been recent evidence, however, that administration of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) does not significantly alter the acute subjective effects of psilocybin. A Phase 2 open-label trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of a single dose of psilocybin with psychological support as adjunctive treatment to an SSRI in adults with treatment-resistant depression. Outpatients who met DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder and had experienced inadequate response to 2 to 4 antidepressant treatments in the current episode were eligible for inclusion. Participants received a single dose of psilocybin 25 mg during a 6- to 8-hour session accompanied by a therapist who did not actively guide participants. Up to three weeks of follow-up occurred in order to monitor safety and efficacy. Among the safety outcomes were incidence of adverse events, scores on laboratory tests, and change from baseline in suicidality. The primary efficacy outcome was change from baseline to 3 weeks post-administration in total score on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Nineteen participants completed the study. Twelve participants experienced a total of 17 treatment-emergent adverse events, none of which were considered serious. No reports of active suicidal ideation occurred. Participants showed a clinically meaningful change from baseline on the primary efficacy measure, with improvement apparent by day 2 of the study. A total of 42.1% of participants achieved response as measured by the MADRS at week 3. Improvements in anxiety and quality of life were reported. [Goodwin, G., et al. (2023). Neuropsychopharmacol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7]", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2023-10-03", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31089", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31089", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Psychology, Computer science, Medicine, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387361294\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387361294\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31089\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387361294" }, { "id": 4758, "title": "6.3 Psilocybin Therapy for the Treatment of Young Adults With Anorexia Nervosa: State of the Research", "normalized_title": "6 3 psilocybin therapy for the treatment of young adults with anorexia nervosa state of the research", "authors": "Amanda E. Downey", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2023-09-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jaac.2023.07.666", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2023.07.666", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anorexia nervosa, Context (archaeology), Psychotherapist, Serotonergic, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Medicine, Eating disorders, Internal medicine, Serotonin, Biology, Receptor, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387494383\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387494383\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037114160\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda E. Downey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-7798\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S60711021\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2023.07.666\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387494383" }, { "id": 1368, "title": "Exploring the Potential Utility of Psychedelic Therapy for Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.", "normalized_title": "exploring the potential utility of psychedelic therapy for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", "authors": "Gold ND, Mallard AJ, Hermann JC, Zeifman RJ, Pagni BA, Bogenschutz MP, Ross S", "abstract": "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an aggressive, terminal neurodegenerative disease that causes death of motor neurons and has an average survival time of 3-4 years. ALS is the most common motor neuron degenerative disease and is increasing in prevalence. There is a pressing need for more effective ALS treatments as available pharmacotherapies do not reverse disease progression or provide substantial clinical benefit. Furthermore, despite psychological distress being highly prevalent in ALS patients, psychological treatments remain understudied. Psychedelics (i.e., serotonergic psychedelics and related compounds like ketamine) have seen a resurgence of research into therapeutic applications for treating a multitude of neuropsychiatric conditions, including psychiatric and existential distress in life-threatening illnesses. We conducted a narrative review to examine the potential of psychedelic assisted-psychotherapy (PAP) to alleviate psychiatric and psychospiritual distress in ALS. We also discussed the safety of using psychedelics in this population and proposed putative neurobiological mechanisms that may therapeutically intervene on ALS neuropathology. PAP has the potential to treat psychological dimensions and may also intervene on neuropathological dimensions of ALS. Robust improvements in psychiatric and psychospiritual distress from PAP in other populations provide a strong rationale for utilizing this therapy to treat ALS-related psychiatric and existential distress. Furthermore, relevant neuroprotective properties of psychedelics warrant future preclinical trials to investigate this area in ALS models. PAP has the potential to serve as an effective treatment in ALS. Given the lack of effective treatment options, researchers should rigorously explore this therapy for ALS in future trials.", "journal": "Journal of palliative medicine", "publication_date": "2023-09-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/jpm.2022.0604", "pubmed_id": "37167080", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37167080/", "keywords": "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ketamine, neurodegenerative, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37167080\"}", "topic_tags": "End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1362, "title": "Use of Psychedelics for Pain: A Scoping Review.", "normalized_title": "use of psychedelics for pain a scoping review", "authors": "Goel A, Rai Y, Sivadas S, Diep C, Clarke H, Shanthanna H, Ladha KS.", "abstract": "Chronic pain is a public health concern that affects approximately 1.5 billion people globally. Conventional therapeutic agents including opioid and non-opioid analgesics have been associated with adverse side effects, issues with addiction, and ineffective analgesia. Novel agents repurposed to treat pain via different mechanisms are needed to fill the therapeutic gap in chronic pain management. Psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin (the active ingredient in psychedelic mushrooms) are thought to alter pain perception through direct serotonin receptor agonism, anti-inflammatory effects, and synaptic remodeling. This scoping review was conducted to identify human studies in which psychedelic agents were used for the treatment of pain. Twenty-one articles that assessed the effects of psychedelics in treating various pain states were included. The present scarcity of clinical trials and small sample sizes limit their application for clinical use. Overall, psychedelics appear to show promise for analgesia in patients with certain headache disorders and cancer pain diagnoses. Future studies must aim to examine the combined effects of psychotherapy and psychedelics on chronic pain.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-09-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1097/aln.0000000000004673", "pubmed_id": "37698433", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000004673", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Analgesia, Pain Perception, Pain Management, Chronic Pain, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37698433\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adverse Events,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4764, "title": "Expectancies for Subjective and Antidepressant Effects in Psilocybin Users", "normalized_title": "expectancies for subjective and antidepressant effects in psilocybin users", "authors": "Mitch Earleywine, Maha N. Mian, Joseph A. De Leo", "abstract": "Expectancy effects for many psychoactive substances appear to play a role in consumption, problematic use, subjective responses to acute administration, and subsequent effects. Expectancies of psychedelics have received little attention in published research despite their reputation for creating dramatic changes in subjective state. Psilocybin-assisted treatment (PAT) improves depression, but details of associated expected effects remain incomplete. Previous work suggests that PAT-induced changes in depression and other forms of well-being covary with specific subjective effects of psilocybin. Self-reports from over 500 psilocybin-using individuals revealed correlations with relevant subjective effects that appeared to mediate antidepressant effects in previous work (e.g., Mystical Experiences, Ego dissolution, and Emotional Breakthrough). Correlations with demographic variables, current depressive symptoms, and general hallucinogen involvement were markedly smaller. Expectancies on specific depressive symptoms also paralleled retrospective reports of other psychedelic-induced antidepressant effects. Regression revealed that current depressive symptoms, ego dissolution, and emotional breakthroughs accounted for unique variance in expected antidepressant effects, but expectancies on mystical effects did not. Although limitations suggest cautious interpretation, psilocybin-using individuals appear to hold relevant expectancies about subjective and antidepressant effects, which might play a role in treatment outcomes worthy of monitoring in clinical trials.", "journal": "Journal of Humanistic Psychology", "publication_date": "2023-09-21", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/00221678231194798", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00221678231194798", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Expectancy theory, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Clinical psychology, Depressive symptoms, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Cognition, Social psychology, Anxiety, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386958768\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386958768\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1578225463\",\"https://openalex.org/W1899583848\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964160290\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966770824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037557484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067238826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143834603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153283373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2429266444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561217404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585493186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2603506674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604452528\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775143203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789837390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793221098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2831064708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894541203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896003347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898240306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903296215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919706001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942308069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947813578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967781468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967946137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971304551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995178539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998403265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010009477\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012221112\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027616822\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096296157\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113026224\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134224484\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155407419\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155481108\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159796563\",\"https://openalex.org/W3170368534\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185700361\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205258931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206767983\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292199692\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294185218\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090993398\",\"display_name\":\"Mitch Earleywine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-0623\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069529785\",\"display_name\":\"Maha N. Mian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7051-7820\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081398262\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph A. De Leo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1793-119X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S207414187\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Humanistic Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221678231194798\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386958768" }, { "id": 3573, "title": "Phase II, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Group, Single Center Study of Psilocybin Efficacy and Mechanism in Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "phase ii randomized double blind placebo controlled parallel group single center study of psilocybin efficacy and mechanism in alcohol use disorder", "authors": "University of Zurich", "abstract": "Effects of serotonin 2A/1A receptor stimulation by psilocybin on alcohol addicted patients: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study Two billion people globally consume alcohol, leading in 2016 to 2.8 million deaths (5.2% of all deaths) and 99.2 million Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) lost (4.2% of all DALYs). Of all the diseases, conditions, and injuries attributable to alcohol use, alcohol use disorders (AUDs) create the largest health burden globally. However, approved pharmacological treatments for alcoholism are limited in their effectiveness. A recent proof of- concept study testing psilocybin in ten alcohol dependent patients provides encouraging efficacy results and safety data. The investigators, therefore, propose to test the efficacy of psilocybin for treating alcohol use disorder and study its underlying neurobiological mechanisms in a randomized, placebo controlled, double blind study. To evaluate effects of psilocybin on alcohol use behaviour, clinical symptoms, neurocognitive and emotional measures in patients with alcohol use disorder. The present clinical trial aims at investigation the clinical and mechanistic effects of Psilocybin in Alcohol Addicted Patients. Patients with alcohol use disorder who have undergone withdrawal treatment within the last 6 weeks will be investigated in a single-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group design clinical trial contrasting the acute and persisting effects of psilocybin to those of placebo. Patients will be randomly assigned to psilocybin or placebo group with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The study comprises a total of 6 visits during 6 weeks and two follow-up online surveys (3 and 6 months after treatment). In addition, two follow-up surveys that can be completed from home will guarantee monitoring of long-lasting changes in symptomology and ensure all potential side-effects can be captured. On the treatment visit, a single dose of psilocybin (25mg) or placebo will be administered. Patients will be monitored until all effects have worn off.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-09-20", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04141501", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin, Placebo oral capsule, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04141501\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1373, "title": "Nature-themed video intervention may improve cardiovascular safety of psilocybin-assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder", "normalized_title": "nature themed video intervention may improve cardiovascular safety of psilocybin assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Keith G. Heinzerling, Karina Sergi, Micah Linton, Rhianna Rich, Brittany Youssef, Inez Bentancourt, Jennifer E. Bramen, Prabha Siddarth, L. Schwartzberg, Daniel F. Kelly", "abstract": "Introduction: Psychedelic-assisted therapy with psilocybin has shown promise in Phase 2 trials for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Set and setting, particularly factors facilitating a connection with nature, may positively influence the psychedelic experience and therapeutic outcomes. But to date, randomized controlled trials of interventions to enhance set and setting for psychedelic-assisted therapy are lacking. Methods: This was a pilot randomized, controlled trial of Visual Healing, a nature-themed video intervention to optimize set and setting, versus Standard set and setting procedures with two open-label psilocybin 25 mg dosing sessions among 20 participants with AUD. For the first session, participants randomized to Visual Healing viewed nature-themed videos during the preparation session and the \"ascent\" and \"descent\" phases of the psilocybin dosing session while participants randomized to the Standard condition completed a meditation during the preparatory session and wore eyeshades and listened to a music playlist throughout the dosing session. For the second session 4 weeks later, participants chose either Visual Healing or Standard procedures. Primary outcomes were feasibility, safety, and tolerability of Visual Healing. Secondary and exploratory outcomes were changes in alcohol use, psychedelic effects, anxiety and stress. Results: Nineteen of 20 (95%) randomized participants (mean age 49 ± 11 years, 60% female) completed the 14-week study. During the first psilocybin session, participants viewed an average of 37.9 min of the 42-min video and there were no video-related adverse events. Peak increase in post-psilocybin blood pressure was significantly less for participants randomly assigned to Visual Healing compared to Standard procedures. Alcohol use decreased significantly in both Visual Healing and Standard groups and psychedelic effects, stress, and anxiety were similar between groups. Discussion: In this open-label pilot study, viewing Visual Healing videos during preparation and psilocybin dosing sessions was feasible, safe, and well-tolerated among participants with AUD. Preliminary findings suggest that Visual Healing has potential to reduce the cardiovascular risks of psychedelic therapy, without interfering with the psychedelic experience or alcohol-related treatment outcomes. Studies to replicate our findings as well as studies of different set and setting interventions with other psychedelic medications and indications are warranted.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2023-09-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1215972", "pubmed_id": "37795513", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1215972", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Tolerability, Adverse effect, Medicine, Anxiety, Psychological intervention, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Surgery, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386849390\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386849390\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":21,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W621567176\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975381773\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037317432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065810673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107788476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144867145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153454886\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170874889\",\"https://openalex.org/W2282074015\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790381919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2831064708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991597523\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112064661\",\"https://openalex.org/W3187445852\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206344419\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214940428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294308393\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294723946\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294767963\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298005428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313339783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W6787656242\",\"https://openalex.org/W6844266092\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068139431\",\"display_name\":\"Keith G. Heinzerling\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9746-5821\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059388549\",\"display_name\":\"Karina Sergi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113003665\",\"display_name\":\"Micah Linton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108864498\",\"display_name\":\"Rhianna Rich\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070129323\",\"display_name\":\"Brittany Youssef\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9768-5285\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092899731\",\"display_name\":\"Inez Bentancourt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017746800\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer E. Bramen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8967-0008\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024302085\",\"display_name\":\"Prabha Siddarth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8746-6353\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109639421\",\"display_name\":\"L. Schwartzberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066155034\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel F. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-056X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1215972\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386849390" }, { "id": 1358, "title": "Tryptamines and Mental Health: Activating the 5-HT Receptor for Therapeutic Potential.", "normalized_title": "tryptamines and mental health activating the 5 ht receptor for therapeutic potential", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "Tryptamines, a class of 3-aminoethyl-indoles that activate the serotonin receptor, show potential for novel mental health treatments. The FDA has granted \"breakthrough therapy designation\" to psilocybin and MDMA for treatment-resistant depression, major depressive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder, sparking global research efforts. Various clinical trials are currently investigating the therapeutic value of psilocybin for several mental health disorders. Results thus far indicate significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes via reductions in experiential avoidance. These advancements highlight a promising future for tryptamines in mental health therapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-09-14", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00390", "pubmed_id": "37849550", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00390", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37849550\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3543, "title": "Phase 1, Open-Label, One-Treatment, Single-Dose, One-Period, Pharmacokinetic Study of Psilocin 4 mg as Its Mucic Acid Salt (L-130) Form, in Healthy Subjects Under Fasted Conditions", "normalized_title": "phase 1 open label one treatment single dose one period pharmacokinetic study of psilocin 4 mg as its mucic acid salt l 130 form in healthy subjects under fasted conditions", "authors": "Lobe Sciences Ltd.", "abstract": "Psilocin is the active metabolite of psilocybin a natural material found in several types of fungi. The bioavailability of psilocybin, the prodrug of psilocin, has been reported to be over 60%. However, pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of psilocin mucate has not been reported. This Phase I \"First in Man\" study of psilocin mucate is designed to determine its safety, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability. The study is conducted under the supervision of physicians and psychiatrists who also will administer a mini-mental state evaluation and report observable anti-anxiolytic effect of the dosage. Safety and possible indications of efficacy will be tracked during the study period, a week following the dose administration and one month after. This study is designed to assess the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters and to monitor the safety and tolerability of Psilocin 2 mg as its Mucic Acid Salt (L-130) form, a proprietary drug candidate of Lobe Sciences Ltd., in healthy subjects under fasted conditions. The study will be conducted in compliance with the protocol and applicable regulatory requirements, GCP and GLP principles and guidelines: Declaration of Helsinki as amended by the 64th WMA General Assembly, Fortaleza, Brazil, November 2013, FDA Guidelines for Bioavailability \\& Bioequivalence Studies and OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice will be observed. The study population will consist of 10 Healthy Subjects aged between 21 and 50 years (inclusive), body mass index 18.5 to 30.0 kg/m2 inclusive (minimum of 50 kg weight for males and 45 kg for females), nonsmokers or quit smoking 24 hours prior to dosing. The investigational test product L-130 Capsules containing 2 mg of psilocin as its Mucic Acid Salt of Lobe Sciences Ltd. consisted of single oral dose containing 2 mg of Psilocin (equivalent to 4 mg as Psilocin Mucate salt). Each dose will be administered orally, with 240 mL of water in sitting position under sodium light to healthy subjects after an overnight fast of at least 10 hours in the morning of study dosing day. The study will be conducted as an open label study. Therefore, blinding will not be done. However, the bioanalysis will be performed blinded with regard to the sequence of product administration. Each subject will have a pre-dose sample of 8 ml collected and 13 additional 8 ml samples collected over a 24 hour period. The principal and/ or clinical investigator and study staff will monitor subjects throughout the hospitalization periods. Blood pressure and heart rate will be measured before dosing and at scheduled intervals after dosing. The principal and/ or clinical Investigator will be available throughout each hospitalization period. During outpatient phases, study staff will be available during regular working hours. Subjects' safety will be observed at scheduled intervals of before dosing (-1.00) and 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 2.00, 3.00, 5.00, 8.00, 12.00, 16.00 and 24.00 hours after drug administration. Subjects will be queried on adverse events. In addition, voluntary reporting of adverse events by subjects will be reported. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score will be assessed to dosed subjects by CI/PI approximately two hours after drug administration, and the results will be tabulated in the final report. Subjects will be asked to report changes in their mood, or other observations during and following the study period. Subjects will also be followed up by phone call after one week and four weeks of dosing to assess if they are experiencing changes in feeling or having improved mood, and the outcomes of the phone calls will be tabulated in the final report. Following the collection of blood samples and appropriate processing, each sample will be analyzed with a validated analytical method to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of psilocin mucate in plasma. All clinical laboratories test results of screening lab tests will be summarized by descriptive statistics. Follow up lab tests will also be summarized by descriptive statistics. The aim of the study is to assess the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters and to monitor the safety and tolerability of the formulation in healthy subjects under fasting conditions after a single oral dose of L-130 Capsules containing 2 mg of psilocin as its Mucic Acid Salt. The final report will provide safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of the test product. The study will also report patient reported pharmacology.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-09-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06035900", "keywords": "Side Effect of Drug, Psilocin, Psilocin Mucate, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06035900\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1364, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Military and Veterans Healthcare Systems: Clinical, Legal, and Implementation Considerations.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy in military and veterans healthcare systems clinical legal and implementation considerations", "authors": "Wolfgang AS, Hoge CW.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewThis review discusses the current and projected landscape of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), with a focus on clinical, legal, and implementation considerations in Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare systems.Recent findings3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)- and psilocybin-assisted therapy have shown promising outcomes in efficacy, safety, tolerability, and durability for PTSD and depression, respectively. MDMA-assisted therapy is already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on an Expanded Access (\"compassionate use\") basis for PTSD, with full approval projected for 2024. Psilocybin-assisted therapy is projected to be FDA-approved for depression soon thereafter. Other psychedelics are in earlier stages of development. The VA is currently conducting PAT clinical trials. Although there are clear legal pathways for the VA and DoD to conduct PAT trials, a number of implementation barriers exist, such as the very high number of clinical hours necessary to treat each patient, resource requirements to support treatment infrastructure, military-specific considerations, and the high level of evidence necessary for PAT to be recommended in clinical practice guidelines. Ongoing considerations are whether and how PAT will be made available to VA and DoD beneficiaries, feasibility and cost-effectiveness, and ethical safeguards that must be implemented to prioritize access to PAT given the likelihood of extremely limited initial availability. However, with imminent FDA approval of PATs and considerable national interest in these treatments, DoD and VA policymakers must be prepared with clearly delineated policies and plans for how these healthcare systems will approach PAT.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-09-07", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-023-01446-4", "pubmed_id": "37682446", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-023-01446-4", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans, Delivery of Health Care, United States, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37682446\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Veterans,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1309, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: Rationale and Treatment Development", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for adults with major depressive disorder rationale and treatment development", "authors": "Marc J. Weintraub, Jessica Jeffrey, Charles S. Grob, Megan Ichinose, R. Lindsey Bergman, Ziva D. Cooper, David J. Miklowitz", "abstract": "Background: Recent studies suggest that one to two administrations of psilocybin have acute antidepressant effects for people with major depressive disorder. These data on psilocybin have generated considerable enthusiasm, but little empirical attention has been paid to the therapy that adjoins psilocybin treatment (psychedelic-assisted therapy, or PAT). Materials and Methods: In this study, we present the initial protocol and plans to empirically test the psychosocial therapy that adjoins psilocybin treatment with the goal of optimizing this therapeutic approach for adults with major depressive disorder. The psychotherapy is based on the principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), an evidence-based treatment for major depressive disorder. Participants will be 30 adults with a history of major depressive disorder and current, active depressive symptoms. Following psychiatric and medical safety evaluations, eligible participants will be enrolled in a 12-session CBT that includes classic PAT safety elements (termed psilocybin-assisted CBT; PA-CBT). Following the third and sixth PA-CBT sessions, participants will engage in two psilocybin drug administration sessions (10 and 25 mg, respectively). Participants will provide feedback about the PA-CBT and complete measures of mood symptoms, psychosocial functioning, cognitive schemas, and affective experiences immediately following each drug administration session, at the completion of PA-CBT, and 3 months following treatment completion. Conclusions: The trial will provide preliminary data on the feasibility, safety, acceptability, and psychosocial effects of PA-CBT. Results will inform randomized clinical trials to test the effects of PA-CBT for patients with depression and other mental health conditions, as well as hypotheses concerning mediating mechanisms at the cognitive and affective levels. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05227612.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-09-05", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0018", "pubmed_id": "40046861", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0018", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychotherapist, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Cognition, Cognitive therapy, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386469528\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386469528\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1787230849\",\"https://openalex.org/W1913659607\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990423213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016125673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017039362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021762104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032556867\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039763524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055628680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091746900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096987981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131976593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142420226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163215199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397862430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2522867222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549705997\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612845943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2613258400\",\"https://openalex.org/W2740567311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792161256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883252198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911158148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167074068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3176790550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213423658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221108429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240897905\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281386961\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281397183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294723946\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090933971\",\"display_name\":\"Marc J. Weintraub\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8724-120X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067502721\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica Jeffrey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4334-5626\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108513619\",\"display_name\":\"Charles S. Grob\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031377527\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Ichinose\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-0795\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108474850\",\"display_name\":\"R. Lindsey Bergman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001865213\",\"display_name\":\"Ziva D. Cooper\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8001-2332\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079473142\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Miklowitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9647-6147\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0018\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386469528" }, { "id": 1375, "title": "Psychedelic Use Among Psychiatric Medication Prescribers: Effects on Well-Being, Depression, Anxiety, and Associations with Patterns of Use, Reported Harms, and Transformative Mental States.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic use among psychiatric medication prescribers effects on well being depression anxiety and associations with patterns of use reported harms and transformative mental states", "authors": "Herrmann Z, Levin AW, Cole SP, Slabaugh S, Barnett B, Penn A, Jain R, Raison C, Rajanna B, Jain S", "abstract": "Mental health problems including depression, anxiety, suicide, and burnout are common among health care providers. Resilience and well-being are factors thought to protect against these incidents. Clinical trials and naturalistic studies of psychedelic compounds have shown decreases in depression, anxiety, and suicidality while suggesting improvements in well-being. This secondary analysis of a large cross-sectional online survey consisting of participants with at least one lifetime psychedelic use sought to examine how use affects health care providers who treat psychiatric disorders with medications. In total, 228 respondents retrospectively completed measures of depression, anxiety, and well-being before and after psychedelic exposure. They also reported lifetime use, harms attributed to use, and preferred psychedelic agent. Psychedelic use was associated with improvements in depression, anxiety, and well-being. Reported suicidality decreased and resilience increased. A factor analysis suggested that a cluster of mystical, interpersonal, and personal items predicted improvement in depression, anxiety, well-being, suicidality, and resilience. Preferred psychedelic agent did not affect outcomes. Frequency of use was not associated with outcomes although differences in effect sizes were seen. Harm reported was consistent with the general population, with 13.2% ( = 30) reporting at least one harm. Pre-exposure alcohol use, aggressive impulses, and desire to die by suicide improved most often while marijuana use most often worsened or did not change. These results are consistent with clinical trials and naturalistic studies examining psychedelic use in the general population and suggest that health care providers who treat psychiatric disorders with medications may benefit from psychedelic use, although some harm was reported. Given the current mental health crisis among health care providers, further research is warranted to examine whether interventions utilizing psychedelics could improve well-being and effectiveness of health care providers while decreasing adverse mental health outcomes associated with working in health care. ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04040582).", "journal": "Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.)", "publication_date": "2023-08-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0030", "pubmed_id": "40046570", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40046570/", "keywords": "anxiety, depression, prescriber, psilocybin, psychedelics, wellness", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40046570\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Wellbeing,Resilience,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1387, "title": "Psilocybin history, action and reaction: A narrative clinical review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin history action and reaction a narrative clinical review", "authors": "Sharma P, Nguyen QA, Matthews SJ, Carpenter E, Mathews DB, Patten CA, Hammond CJ.", "abstract": "Hallucinogenic mushrooms have been used in religious and cultural ceremonies for centuries. Of late, psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in hallucinogenic mushrooms, has received increased public interest as a novel drug for treating mood and substance use disorders (SUDs). In addition, in recent years, some states in the United States have legalized psilocybin for medical and recreational use. Given this, clinicians need to understand the potential benefits and risks related to using psilocybin for therapeutic purposes so that they can accurately advise patients. This expert narrative review summarizes the scientific basis and clinical evidence on the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating psychiatric disorders and SUDs. The results of this review are structured as a more extensive discussion about psilocybin's history, putative mechanisms of action, and recent legislative changes to its legal status. There is modest evidence of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating depression and anxiety disorders. In addition, early data suggest that psilocybin-assisted therapy may effectively reduce harmful drinking in patients with alcohol use disorders. The evidence further suggests psilocybin, when administered under supervision (psilocybin-assisted therapy), the side effects experienced are mild and transient. The occurrence of severe adverse events following psilocybin administration is uncommon. Still, a recent clinical trial found that individuals in the psilocybin arm had increased suicidal ideations and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors. Given this, further investigation into the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy is warranted to determine which patient subgroups are most likely to benefit and which are most likely to experience adverse outcomes related to its use.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-08-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231190858", "pubmed_id": "37650489", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231190858", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens, Affect, Anxiety Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37650489\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1379, "title": "Single-Dose Psilocybin Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin treatment for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Charles L. Raison, Gerard Sanacora, Joshua Woolley, Keith G. Heinzerling, Boadie W. Dunlop, Randall Brown, Rishi Kakar, Michael Hassman, Rupal Trivedi, Reid Robison, Natalie Gukasyan, Sandeep M. Nayak, Xiaojue Hu, Kelley C. O’Donnell, Benjamin Kelmendi, Jordan Sloshower, Andrew Penn, Ellen Bradley, Daniel F. Kelly, Tanja Mletzko, Christopher R. Nicholas, Paul R. Hutson, Gary Tarpley, Malynn Utzinger, Kelsey Lenoch, Kasia Warchol, Theraysa Gapasin, Mike C. Davis, Courtney Nelson-Douthit, Steffanie H Wilson, Carrie Brown, William Linton, Matthew W. Johnson, Stephen Ross, Roland R. Griffiths", "abstract": "Importance: Psilocybin shows promise as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Objective: To evaluate the magnitude, timing, and durability of antidepressant effects and safety of a single dose of psilocybin in patients with MDD. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this phase 2 trial conducted between December 2019 and June 2022 at 11 research sites in the US, participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive a single dose of psilocybin vs niacin placebo administered with psychological support. Participants were adults aged 21 to 65 years with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition diagnosis of MDD of at least 60 days' duration and moderate or greater symptom severity. Exclusion criteria included history of psychosis or mania, active substance use disorder, and active suicidal ideation with intent. Participants taking psychotropic agents who otherwise met inclusion/exclusion criteria were eligible following medication taper. Primary and secondary outcomes and adverse events (AEs) were assessed at baseline (conducted within 7 days before dosing) and at 2, 8, 15, 29, and 43 days after dosing. Interventions: Interventions were a 25-mg dose of synthetic psilocybin or a 100-mg dose of niacin in identical-appearing capsules, each administered with psychological support. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was change in central rater-assessed Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score (range, 0-60; higher scores indicate more severe depression) from baseline to day 43. The key secondary outcome measure was change in MADRS score from baseline to day 8. Other secondary outcomes were change in Sheehan Disability Scale score from baseline to day 43 and MADRS-defined sustained response and remission. Participants, study site personnel, study sponsor, outcome assessors (raters), and statisticians were blinded to treatment assignment. Results: A total of 104 participants (mean [SD] age, 41.1 [11.3] years; 52 [50%] women) were randomized (51 to the psilocybin group and 53 to the niacin group). Psilocybin treatment was associated with significantly reduced MADRS scores compared with niacin from baseline to day 43 (mean difference,-12.3 [95% CI, -17.5 to -7.2]; P", "journal": "JAMA", "publication_date": "2023-08-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1001/jama.2023.14530", "pubmed_id": "37651119", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.14530", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Dosing, Psychiatry, Adverse effect, Bipolar disorder, Placebo, Suicidal ideation, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Rating scale, Internal medicine, Poison control, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Mood, Injury prevention, Developmental psychology, Macroeconomics, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Environmental health, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":488,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1993810702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034147634\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156458337\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168253623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965468106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129586996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200483052\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205450793\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206854864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224223934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226459778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237965053\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243089545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306780560\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309328263\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W6807316262\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024726266\",\"display_name\":\"Charles L. Raison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-0066\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037185919\",\"display_name\":\"Gerard Sanacora\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3722-8829\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101826991\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Woolley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-2093\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068139431\",\"display_name\":\"Keith G. Heinzerling\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9746-5821\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071605998\",\"display_name\":\"Randall Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5445-8119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082935636\",\"display_name\":\"Rishi Kakar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024428296\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Hassman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067531163\",\"display_name\":\"Rupal Trivedi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3643-4471\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081129089\",\"display_name\":\"Reid Robison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-9568\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111032624\",\"display_name\":\"Xiaojue Hu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6799-5780\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042151214\",\"display_name\":\"Kelley C. O’Donnell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9983-2699\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110948308\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Kelmendi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-1326\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080146983\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Sloshower\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053850619\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Penn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-7078\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023606467\",\"display_name\":\"Ellen Bradley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-1490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066155034\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel F. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-056X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017664220\",\"display_name\":\"Tanja Mletzko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-9698\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043044020\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher R. Nicholas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-4046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088507656\",\"display_name\":\"Paul R. Hutson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-7096\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033314729\",\"display_name\":\"Gary Tarpley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092721397\",\"display_name\":\"Malynn Utzinger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075166971\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey Lenoch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092721398\",\"display_name\":\"Kasia Warchol\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092721399\",\"display_name\":\"Theraysa Gapasin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Mike C. Davis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092721400\",\"display_name\":\"Courtney Nelson-Douthit\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035621912\",\"display_name\":\"Steffanie H Wilson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101610169\",\"display_name\":\"Carrie Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0679-6057\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043376293\",\"display_name\":\"William Linton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S172573765\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.14530\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386305655" }, { "id": 1327, "title": "Developing a Direct Observation Measure of Therapeutic Connection in Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: A Feasibility Study", "normalized_title": "developing a direct observation measure of therapeutic connection in psilocybin assisted therapy a feasibility study", "authors": "Robert Gramling, Emily Bennett, Keith Curtis, William A. Richards, Donna M. Rizzo, Francesca Arnoldy, Logan P Hegg, Jon Porter, Heather Honstein, Susanna Pratt, Elise C. Tarbi, Maija Reblin, Paul Thambi, Manish Agrawal", "abstract": "Context: Measuring therapeutic connection during psilocybin-assisted therapy is essential to understand underlying mechanisms, inform training, and guide quality improvement. Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of directly observing indicators of therapeutic connection during psilocybin administration encounters. Methods: We evaluated audio and video data from a recent clinical trial for observable expressions of therapeutic connection as defined in proposed best-practice competencies (i.e., empathic abiding presence and interpersonal grounding). We selected the first four 8-hour encounters involving unique participants, therapists, and gender pairs. Each video was independently coded by three members of an interprofessional six-person team. Using a structured checklist, coders recorded start-stop times, the audible (i.e., speech prosody or words) and visible (i.e., body movements, eye gaze, and touch) cues marking the event, and the qualities of the interaction (e.g., expression of awe, trust, distress, and calmness). We assessed feasibility by observing the frequency, distribution, and overlap of cues and qualities coders used to identify and define moments of therapeutic connection. Results: Among the 2074 minutes of video, coders recorded 372 moments of therapeutic connection. Eighty-three percent were identified by at least two coders and 41% by all three. Coders used a combination of audible and visual cues to identify therapeutic connection in 51% of observed events (190/372). Both the cues and qualities of therapeutic connection expressions varied over the course of psilocybin temporal effects on states of consciousness. Conclusion: Direct observation of therapeutic human connection is feasible, sensitive to changes in states of consciousness and requires evaluation of audible and visual data.", "journal": "Journal of Palliative Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-08-16", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/jpm.2023.0189", "pubmed_id": "37590474", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2023.0189", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Auditory hallucination, Psychology, Context (archaeology), Distress, Medicine, Cognitive psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychosis, Biology, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385932674\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385932674\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2133404106\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2613687067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015163151\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153440465\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169348723\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210625928\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212567772\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200020837\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220907466\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283029950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292664351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293101934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316143341\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327611086\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113777237\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Gramling\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-5154\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068707835\",\"display_name\":\"Emily Bennett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4214-1085\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060434087\",\"display_name\":\"Keith Curtis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039889194\",\"display_name\":\"William A. Richards\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-9249\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074921180\",\"display_name\":\"Donna M. Rizzo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-5028\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050361114\",\"display_name\":\"Francesca Arnoldy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016481343\",\"display_name\":\"Logan P Hegg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104157330\",\"display_name\":\"Jon Porter\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092083232\",\"display_name\":\"Heather Honstein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089007048\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Pratt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017118759\",\"display_name\":\"Elise C. Tarbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-6632\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009338660\",\"display_name\":\"Maija Reblin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3108-465X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083533154\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-0582\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S155536936\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Palliative Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2023.0189\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385932674" }, { "id": 3618, "title": "A Phase 1, Two-Part Study in Healthy Volunteers to Evaluate The Effect of Psilocybin on Cardiac Repolarization and The Effect of Food on Psilocybin Pharmacokinetics", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 two part study in healthy volunteers to evaluate the effect of psilocybin on cardiac repolarization and the effect of food on psilocybin pharmacokinetics", "authors": "Usona Institute", "abstract": "This study is comprised of two parts. The purpose of the first part of this study is to evaluate the effects of a supratherapeutic dose of psilocybin on cardiac repolarization. The purpose of the second part of the study is to evaluate the effects of food on the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin. Part one of this study will be a double-blind, single-dose, randomized, placebo-controlled, 4-treatment, 4-period, 12-sequence crossover design in 36 healthy volunteers (adult male and/or female subjects). Subjects will be randomly assigned to 1 of 12 different treatment administration sequences, whereby each sequence will include 3 double-blind treatments (therapeutic dose of psilocybin, supratherapeutic dose of psilocybin, and placebo) and 1 open-label positive control treatment (moxifloxacin). Part two of this study will be an open-label, randomized, 2-period, 2-sequence crossover design in 24 healthy volunteers (adult male and/or female subjects). Each assigned treatment will be administered under fasting or fed conditions as a single dose on Day 1 of the respective study period.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-08-14", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05478278", "keywords": "QTc Interval, Pharmacokinetics, Psilocybin, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, Indocybin, Moxifloxacin, Avelox, Moxeza, Micro-Crystalline Cellulose, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05478278\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4788, "title": "Psilocybin's Emerging Role in Combating Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s emerging role in combating depressive disorder", "authors": "Anna Jaremek, Joanna Kępa, Norbert Kandefer, Michał Wyszkowski, Aleksandra Grabarczyk, Anna Pawlak, Sylwia Grad, Małgorzata Gregorek, Paweł Gregorek", "abstract": "In this review paper, we delve into the potential applicability of psilocybin - a naturally synthesized psychedelic substance found within select species of fungi, as a prospective avenue for depression treatment. Depression, a widespread psychological malady affecting countless individuals across the globe, often proves stubborn against existing treatment modalities, necessitating exploration into new options. The spotlight has increasingly been cast on psilocybin, thanks to its promising therapeutic capacities for a spectrum of mental health disorders, notably including depression. This article dissects the operational mechanisms of psilocybin, referencing germane clinical trials, and weighing the prospective risks and rewards related to its usage. Pooled findings from an array of clinical studies hint at the possibility of psilocybin furnishing swift and lasting advantages for managing depression and similar disorders. Trial participants who underwent a combined regimen of psilocybin and psychotherapy recorded enduring alleviation in their anxiety and depressive symptoms. Psilocybin has been observed to trigger modifications in neural activity, predominantly in the brain's default mode network (DMN) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC). These alterations have been correlated with a decrease in self-oriented cognitive processes, an uptick in positive emotional states, and the facilitation of neuroplasticity. When compared with standard antidepressant medications, the symptomatic improvements seen with psilocybin were largely equivalent. Preclinical investigations have also underlined psilocybin's potential in augmenting neural plasticity and neurogenesis, thus hinting at its possible utility in the fields of neurosurgery and neurooncology.", "journal": "Journal of Education Health and Sport", "publication_date": "2023-08-07", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.12775/jehs.2023.40.01.011", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.40.01.011", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Default mode network, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Neuroplasticity, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Cognition, Clinical psychology, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385658334\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385658334\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110572089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311273096\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092612347\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Jaremek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7787-7938\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046422345\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Kępa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092612348\",\"display_name\":\"Norbert Kandefer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3743-5939\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020439017\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Wyszkowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1125-4014\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012213808\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Grabarczyk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2232-2265\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035222802\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Pawlak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8502-4987\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022674489\",\"display_name\":\"Sylwia Grad\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3833-5398\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092612349\",\"display_name\":\"Małgorzata Gregorek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5964-6897\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092612350\",\"display_name\":\"Paweł Gregorek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-2054\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737571363\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Education Health and Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.40.01.011\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385658334" }, { "id": 1349, "title": "“But the reality is it's happening”: A qualitative study of eating disorder providers about psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "but the reality is it s happening a qualitative study of eating disorder providers about psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Amanda E. Downey, Maxine Boyd, Anita V. Chaphekar, Joshua Woolley, Marissa Raymond-Flesch", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: This study invited providers who care for patients with eating disorders to inform engagement, communication, and collaboration with psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy interventions. METHOD: Medical and mental health providers who treat patients with eating disorders were recruited via professional referral networks and participant driven sampling from across California to participate in one of five focus groups. Discussion topics included prior knowledge of psychedelic therapy, interest/concerns related to psilocybin therapy, and opportunities for collaboration. Study team members completed iterative rounds of coding with a grounded theory approach. RESULTS: A total of 32 participants reported a range of familiarity with psychedelics. Some raised concerns about the risks of administering psilocybin to malnourished patients and to those with psychological comorbidities. Despite these concerns, participants were hopeful to see psilocybin therapy as a treatment for patients with eating disorders. In anticipating challenges, providers had concerns about equity in access to care among publicly insured and non-English speaking patients. They requested opportunities for continuing education about psilocybin therapy. DISCUSSION: Our findings demonstrate provider interest in psilocybin therapy for the treatment of patients with eating disorders. As psilocybin therapy interventions are developed, providers caring for patients with eating disorders value collaboration to improve longitudinal patient outcomes. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: This study invited healthcare providers of patients with eating disorders to discuss their thoughts around the use of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in this population. Findings will help inform emerging psilocybin therapy clinical trials with the goal of successful translation and adoption in real world clinical settings.", "journal": "International Journal of Eating Disorders", "publication_date": "2023-08-07", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/eat.24041", "pubmed_id": "37551650", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24041", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychological intervention, Eating disorders, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385664009\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385664009\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1515587369\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014080878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090670445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091142866\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107954772\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113620539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146691185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789890413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2910298407\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933488173\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027990543\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081600043\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109265558\",\"https://openalex.org/W3131603063\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184606993\",\"https://openalex.org/W3192295109\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193759217\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197311089\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204295756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220695431\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220841869\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285605468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288694923\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293242421\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312084004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322719409\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037114160\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda E. Downey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-7798\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074475475\",\"display_name\":\"Maxine Boyd\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024595487\",\"display_name\":\"Anita V. Chaphekar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8326-9077\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101826991\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Woolley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-2093\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030878484\",\"display_name\":\"Marissa Raymond-Flesch\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0037-8970\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S74080386\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Eating Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24041\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385664009" }, { "id": 1389, "title": "The Potential of Psychedelics for the Treatment of Episodic Migraine.", "normalized_title": "the potential of psychedelics for the treatment of episodic migraine", "authors": "Schindler EAD.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewThis review presents the existing literature of and a framework for how psychedelic drugs might be applied as therapeutic agents in episodic migraine.Recent findingsThe therapeutic effects of psychedelics in headache disorders have been reported for decades and controlled investigations are now beginning. In the first and only clinical trial of a psychedelic drug in migraine, the single administration of low-dose psilocybin reduced weekly migraine days and pain intensity for the following 2 weeks in episodic subjects. These transitional effects, along with abortive effects in two subjects and additional findings in cluster headache, offer insight into the potential medicinal use of this and other psychedelic drugs in episodic migraine. The existing evidence supports the continued investigation of psilocybin and other psychedelics as transitional treatments in episodic migraine. Acute and preventive effects also exist, but the risks may outweigh benefits with these applications. Future research of psychedelics in episodic migraine should be tailored for this condition and not modeled after protocols used in other medical or psychiatric conditions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-08-03", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s11916-023-01145-y", "pubmed_id": "37540398", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-023-01145-y", "keywords": "Humans, Cluster Headache, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Migraine Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37540398\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1420, "title": "Psychedelic medicines for end-of-life care: Pipeline clinical trial review 2022.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic medicines for end of life care pipeline clinical trial review 2022", "authors": "Jing X, Hoeh NR, Menkes DB.", "abstract": "ObjectivesPeople with terminal illnesses often experience psychological distress and associated disability. Recent clinical trial evidence has stimulated interest in the therapeutic use of psychedelics at end of life. Much uncertainty remains, however, mainly due to methodological difficulties that beset existing trials. We conducted a scoping review of pipeline clinical trials of psychedelic treatment for depression, anxiety, and existential distress at end of life.MethodsProposed, registered, and ongoing trials were identified from 2 electronic databases (ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform). Recent reviews and both commercial and non-profit organization websites were used to identify additional unregistered trials.ResultsIn total, 25 studies were eligible, including 13 randomized controlled trials and 12 open-label trials. Three trials made attempts beyond randomization to assess expectancy and blinding effectiveness. Investigational drugs included ketamine (n = 11), psilocybin (n = 10), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (n = 2), and lysergic acid diethylamide (n = 2). Three trials involved microdosing, and fifteen trials incorporated psychotherapy.Significance of resultsA variety of onging or upcoming clinical trials are expected to usefully extend evidence regarding psychedelic-assisted group therapy and microdosing in the end-of-life setting. Still needed are head-to-head comparisons of different psychedelics to identify those best suited to specific indications and clinical populations. More extensive and rigorous studies are also necessary to better control expectancy, confirm therapeutic findings and establish safety data to guide the clinical application of these novel therapies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1017/s147895152300069x", "pubmed_id": "37334486", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s147895152300069x", "keywords": "Humans, Death, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Terminal Care, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37334486\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1413, "title": "Psychedelic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Ibrahim IB, Videbech P, Straszek SPV.", "abstract": "This review aims at RCT's of psychedelics used in the treatment of depression and PTSD. Psilocybin has shown an antidepressant effect in cancer patients that was sustained at 6- and 12-months follow-up. The effect of psilocybin was comparable to escitalopram in one study. Ketamine has shown effect for the treatment of resistant depression. Phase 2 and 3 trials have shown the effect of MDMA on PTSD. No serious adverse events were reported in controlled settings, but larger studies are needed to establish safety and long-term effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "37615227", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/37615227", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37615227\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3519, "title": "The Efficacy and Tolerability of Psilocybin in Participants With Treatment-Resistant Depression: a Phase 2, Randomized Feasibility Study", "normalized_title": "the efficacy and tolerability of psilocybin in participants with treatment resistant depression a phase 2 randomized feasibility study", "authors": "Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to see if psilocybin, an investigational drug, is safe and well tolerated. Researchers also want to know if psilocybin can improve symptoms of depression. This study will see if psilocybin is safe and well tolerated by tracking changes in suicidal thoughts and behaviour, monitoring if any participants choose to stop participating in the study, and measuring any serious side effects, as well as how long they take to resolve. This study will also see if depression symptoms improve (or worsen) after psilocybin is administered. Additional information about participants' depressive symptoms and side effects will also be measured during the study. This randomized clinical trial will assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of single and repeat doses of psilocybin at point-of-care in persons with treatment-resistant depression as part of major depressive disorder or bipolar II disorder. The primary objective is to evaluate the feasibility of psilocybin in adults with treatment-resistant depression. The secondary objectives are to assess the efficacy and tolerability of psilocybin at point-of-care.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-07-26", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05029466", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05029466\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3422, "title": "A Systematic Review of Reporting Practices in Psychedelic Clinical Trials: Psychological Support, Therapy, and Psychosocial Interventions", "normalized_title": "a systematic review of reporting practices in psychedelic clinical trials psychological support therapy and psychosocial interventions", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Psychedelic-assisted therapy has gained significant attention in recent years. However, there is a lack of empirical clarity on the role of psychosocial interventions (PI) in clinical trials of psychedelic treatment due in part to deficiencies in reporting practices found in the existing literature. These PI include non-drug support or interventions provided by psychotherapists or facilitators during all phases of treatment, sometimes called “psychological support,” “monitoring,” “psychedelic-assisted therapy,” or “psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.” A brief review of recent research, historical studies, safety considerations, and participant perspectives suggest that PI has a substantive and critical impact on treatment outcomes. Methods: This systematic review examines the reporting practices of PI in published clinical trial results. The review employs a search of PubMed/Medline and PSYCinfo databases to identify relevant articles. It includes quantitative clinical studies treating patients with psychiatric indications using classic psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca) or empathogenic drugs (MDMA) since 2000. The analytic approach follows a modified version of assessment items based on CONSORT extension statement and TIDieR checklist. Results: 33 published psychedelic clinical trials met criteria. The review reveals that many published reports on psychedelic clinical trials did not report basic aspects of the intervention: 33% did not report the number of sessions, 45% did not report the duration of sessions, 42% did not report provider credentials, 52% did not report if their intervention used a therapy manual, 67% did not reference a manual that was available to readers, and 82% did not report that they assessed treatment fidelity. A comparison with non-psychedelic trials shows that psychedelic trial reports underreport on key items related to PI. Discussion: The study highlights the problems of underreporting and the importance of improving reporting practices regarding PI in psychedelic clinical trials to enhance research standardization and improve treatment outcomes. Recommendations for improving reporting practices are provided.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-07-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.00071", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/2ab59_v1", "keywords": "clinical trials, psychedelic-assisted therapy, psychosocial interventions, reporting practices, treatment outcomes, Psychiatry, Meta-science", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:24", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"2ab59_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"withdrawn\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3380, "title": "A Systematic Review of Reporting Practices in Psychedelic Clinical Trials: Psychological Support, Therapy, and Psychosocial Interventions", "normalized_title": "a systematic review of reporting practices in psychedelic clinical trials psychological support therapy and psychosocial interventions", "authors": "Brennan B, Kelman A, Belser AB.", "abstract": "Background: Psychedelic-assisted therapy has gained significant attention in recent years. However, there is a lack of empirical clarity on the role of psychosocial interventions (PI) in clinical trials of psychedelic treatment due in part to deficiencies in reporting practices found in the existing literature. These PI include non-drug support or interventions provided by psychotherapists or facilitators during all phases of treatment, sometimes called “psychological support,” “monitoring,” “psychedelic-assisted therapy,” or “psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.” A brief review of recent research, historical studies, safety considerations, and participant perspectives suggest that PI has a substantive and critical impact on treatment outcomes. Methods: This systematic review examines the reporting practices of PI in published clinical trial results. The review employs a search of PubMed/Medline and PSYCinfo databases to identify relevant articles. It includes quantitative clinical studies treating patients with psychiatric indications using classic psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca) or empathogenic drugs (MDMA) since 2000. The analytic approach follows a modified version of assessment items based on CONSORT extension statement and TIDieR checklist. Results: 33 published psychedelic clinical trials met criteria. The review reveals that many published reports on psychedelic clinical trials did not report basic aspects of the intervention: 33% did not report the number of sessions, 45% did not report the duration of sessions, 42% did not report provider credentials, 52% did not report if their intervention used a therapy manual, 67% did not reference a manual that was available to readers, and 82% did not report that they assessed treatment fidelity. A comparison with non-psychedelic trials shows that psychedelic trial reports underreport on key items related to PI. Discussion: The study highlights the problems of underreporting and the importance of improving reporting practices regarding PI in psychedelic clinical trials to enhance research standardization and improve treatment outcomes. Recommendations for improving reporting practices are provided.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-07-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/2ab59", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2ab59", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR694477\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1393, "title": "Psilocybin for treatment resistant depression in patients taking a concomitant SSRI medication", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression in patients taking a concomitant ssri medication", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Megan Croal, David Feifel, John R. Kelly, Lindsey Marwood, Sunil Mistry, Veronica O’Keane, Stéphanie Knatz Peck, Hollie Simmons, Claudia Sisa, S. C. Stansfield, Joyce Tsai, Sam Williams, Ekaterina Malievskaia", "abstract": "Psilocybin is being investigated as a treatment in adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Withdrawal from serotonergic antidepressant drugs is a common prerequisite for taking part in trials of psilocybin due to the possibility of ongoing antidepressant drugs altering the psychedelic effect. This phase II, exploratory, international, fixed-dose, open-label study explored the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of a synthetic form of psilocybin (investigational drug COMP360) adjunct to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in participants with TRD. Participants received a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin alongside psychological support and were followed-up for 3 weeks. The primary efficacy end point was change in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score from Baseline at Week 3. Secondary end points were safety, including treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), the proportion of responders and remitters at Week 3, and the change from Baseline to Week 3 in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score. Nineteen participants were dosed and the mean Baseline MADRS total score was 31.7 (SD = 5.77). Twelve (63.2%) participants had a TEAE, most of which were mild and resolved on the day of onset. There were no serious TEAEs or indication of increased suicidal ideation or behavior. At Week 3, mean change from Baseline in MADRS total score was -14.9 (95% CI, -20.7 to -9.2), and -1.3 (SD = 1.29) in the CGI-S. Both response and remission were evident in 8 (42.1%) participants. Larger, comparator-controlled trials are necessary to understand if this paradigm can optimize treatment-outcome where antidepressant drug withdrawal would be problematic.", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-07-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7", "pubmed_id": "37443386", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical Global Impression, Tolerability, Adverse effect, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, Antidepressant, Major depressive episode, Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Paroxetine, Clinical trial, Clinical endpoint, Medicine, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Placebo, Anxiety, Cognition, Pathology, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":165,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1742833546\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979534890\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002554882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006625863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020187443\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083894864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108984307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913453568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914444775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000661394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200117112\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200627112\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254230094\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281784879\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020131072\",\"display_name\":\"Veronica O’Keane\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-099X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011897192\",\"display_name\":\"Stéphanie Knatz Peck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077910544\",\"display_name\":\"Claudia Sisa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111726730\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S175030738\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4384130479" }, { "id": 1438, "title": "Risk of bias in randomized clinical trials on psychedelic medicine: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "risk of bias in randomized clinical trials on psychedelic medicine a systematic review", "authors": "Hovmand OR, Poulsen ED, Arnfred S, Storebø OJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundThe classical psychedelics, psilocybin, peyote, ayahuasca/N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide are considered promising new treatments for psychiatric illnesses, such as depression, anxiety, addiction, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. However, their profound and characteristic subjective effects raise concern for distinctive biases in randomized clinical trials.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search to identify all clinical trials on classical psychedelics with patient populations to examine descriptive data and determine the risk of bias. Two independent reviewers searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and APA PsycNet) and extracted information on study design, study population, use of active or inactive placebo, dropouts, evaluation of blinding of intervention, and reporting of expectancy and therapeutic alliance.ResultsWe included 10 papers reporting on 10 unique trials. The trials generally included populations that were predominantly white and highly educated. The trials had small samples and considerable dropout. Blinding was either unsuccessful or not reported regardless of type of placebo. Few trials published protocols, statistical analysis plans (SAPs), and outcomes relating to psychotherapy fidelity. All trials but one were rated as high risk of bias.ConclusionSuccessful blinding of intervention is a significant challenge in this field. To better accommodate this, we suggest that future trials use a parallel-group design and utilize an active placebo on a psychedelic-naïve population. Future trials should publish trial protocol and SAPs, use clinician-rated outcomes accessed by a blinded rater, evaluate blinding of intervention, and consider measuring expectancy and therapeutic fidelity.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-03", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231180276", "pubmed_id": "37403379", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231180276", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37403379\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4799, "title": "Psychedelic drug psilocybin shows promise treating anorexia in early trials", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drug psilocybin shows promise treating anorexia in early trials", "authors": "Grace Wade", "abstract": "", "journal": "The New Scientist", "publication_date": "2023-06-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/s0262-4079(23)01394-5", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(23)01394-5", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anorexia, Drug trial, Hallucinogen, Drug, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychoanalysis, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385336292\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385336292\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041523992\",\"display_name\":\"Grace Wade\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S104920066\",\"source_display_name\":\"The New Scientist\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(23)01394-5\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385336292" }, { "id": 1434, "title": "Assessing potential of psilocybin for depressive disorders.", "normalized_title": "assessing potential of psilocybin for depressive disorders", "authors": "Kozak Z, Johnson MW, Aaronson ST.", "abstract": "IntroductionThere has been increasing interest in the role psilocybin may play in the treatment of depressive disorders. Several clinical trials have shown psilocybin to have efficacy in reducing symptoms of depression.AreascoveredWe discuss the current understanding of psilocybin's therapeutic mechanism of action and review existing clinical data investigating psilocybin as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of depression.Expert opinionThere is still much unknown regarding the risks of psilocybin treatment. When weighing the known risks and benefits of psilocybin treatment against those found in existing standards of care, among patients with depression, patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) may be the most suitable candidates for psilocybin treatment at this time.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-06-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/13543784.2023.2273493", "pubmed_id": "37869790", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/13543784.2023.2273493", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37869790\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3538, "title": "Investigating the Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin in Treatment-Resistant Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder", "normalized_title": "investigating the therapeutic effects of psilocybin in treatment resistant post traumatic stress disorder", "authors": "Halucenex Life Sciences Inc.", "abstract": "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex disorder expressed as a variety of neurobiological symptoms, including anxiety, re-experiencing, hyperarousal, and avoidance symptoms, along with comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and increased risk for self-medicating substance abuse. Currently, there are only two approved medications in the United States (US) for PTSD, paroxetine and sertraline. Psychedelic medications, including psilocybin, have recently received breakthrough designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other psychiatric indications. Although no formal clinical trials have yet investigated psychedelic substances for the treatment of PTSD, the available evidence warrants such an investigation. The present study aims to investigate the effect of psilocybin on treatment-resistant PTSD. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex disorder expressed as a variety of neurobiological symptoms, including anxiety, re-experiencing, hyperarousal, and avoidance symptoms, along with comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and increased risk for self-medicating substance abuse. Currently, there are only two approved medications in the United States (US) for PTSD, paroxetine and sertraline. These selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have limited efficacy. Furthermore, there is a lack of efficacious pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant PTSD; PTSD remains a chronic and sometimes debilitating condition. New research into other treatment options for PTSD are warranted. Psychedelic medications, including psilocybin, have recently received breakthrough designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other psychiatric indications. Psilocybin has received breakthrough designation for treatment of depression. Research on psilocybin has shown that it facilitates fear extinction in mice and promotes neuroplasticity, increasing neurogenesis, spinogenesis and synaptogenesis. These properties may contribute to antidepressive and anxiolytic effects. Psilocybin also reduces activity in the amygdala during threat responses; decreased amygdala reactivity is correlated with positive mood. This is particularly relevant since individuals with PTSD showed increased reactivity in the amygdala, which may increase the ability to process traumatic memories. Although no formal clinical trials have yet investigated psychedelic substances for the treatment of PTSD, the available evidence warrants such an investigation. The present study aims to investigate the effect of psilocybin on treatment-resistant PTSD.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-06-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05243329", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Disorders, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Psilocybin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05243329\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1296, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a potential treatment for eating disorders: a narrative review of preliminary evidence.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy as a potential treatment for eating disorders a narrative review of preliminary evidence", "authors": "Koning E, Brietzke E.", "abstract": "Eating disorders (ED) are a group of potentially severe mental disorders characterized by abnormal energy balance, cognitive dysfunction, and emotional distress. Cognitive inflexibility is a major challenge to successful ED treatment and dysregulated serotonergic function has been implicated in this symptomatic dimension. Moreover, there are few effective treatment options and long-term remission of ED symptoms is difficult to achieve. There is emerging evidence for the use of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) for a range of mental disorders. Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic that has demonstrated therapeutic benefit in a variety of psychiatric illnesses characterized by rigid thought patterns and treatment resistance. The current paper presents a narrative review of the hypothesis that psilocybin may be an effective adjunctive treatment for individuals with EDs, based on biological plausibility, transdiagnostic evidence, and preliminary results. Limitations of the PAP model and proposed future directions for its application to eating behavior are also discussed. Although the literature to date is not sufficient to propose the incorporation of psilocybin in the treatment of disordered eating behaviors, preliminary evidence supports the need for more rigorous clinical trials as an important avenue for future investigation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-06-05", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0597", "pubmed_id": "37126863", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0597", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Combined Modality Therapy, Psychotherapy, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37126863\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4808, "title": "Psilocybin therapy: A novel approach to treating depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy a novel approach to treating depression", "authors": "Tooba Noor, Areej Shakil, Aimen Waqar Khan, Syeda Mahrukh Fatima Zaidi, Hussain Sohail Rangwala, Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala", "abstract": "The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a surge in depression cases, a pervasive and debilitating mental illness1. This trend is evident in the increased prescriptions for antidepressants. Depression is a chronic condition that affects a significant proportion of the global population, with ~280 million people, or about 3.8%, suffering from it. As a result, it is a significant mental health concern worldwide2. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in the United Kingdom recommends medication as the primary treatment for individuals with moderate to severe depression. However, it has limitations and may yield unsatisfactory outcomes. Conversely, research suggests that psychological interventions, social support, and exercise are significant factors in addressing depression3. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD), which refers to the failure to achieve remission after multiple attempts of first-line antidepressants, is a significant limitation of pharmacotherapy. The Sequenced Therapy Alternatives to Relieve Depression experiment has demonstrated the challenge of treating TRD4. Approximately 30% of individuals receiving treatment for a severe episode of depression experience TRD, which is associated with more severe illness, increased risk of recurrence, prolonged functional impairments, medical comorbidities, and higher rates of suicidal ideation and nonsuicidal deaths5. Depression is one of the primary causes of suicide, with over 700,000 reported deaths from suicide annually. Reports from clinical experience and data from placebo-controlled trials indicate that suicidal thoughts and behaviors may increase during the initial weeks of antidepressant treatment in young adults and adolescents2. Moreover, conventional antidepressants pose challenges such as a delayed onset of action that can take up to 4 weeks or more to manifest, as well as common side effects including sexual dysfunction, loss of libido, headaches, gastrointestinal problems, anxiety, and agitation. Discontinuation of these medications and high rates of relapse are also concerns6. Hence, there is a need to review current treatment approaches and incorporate novel, fast-acting therapies that result in sustained remission. Neuroimaging research has revealed that depression is characterized by abnormal brain functioning, particularly in the default mode network, which is associated with self-awareness and tends to be overactive in depression. Other higher-order brain networks, such as the executive network and salience network, have also been linked to depression. Interestingly, the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor subtype, which is the primary binding site for traditional serotonergic psychedelic drugs like psilocybin, is highly expressed in a cortical region that closely resembles a conjunction map of the default mode network, executive network, and salience network1. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring indoleamine found in mushrooms, which rapidly breaks down in living tissue to form psilocin, the hallucinogenic component that produces psychedelic effects similar to serotonin7. In 1957, Wasson first proposed that serotonergic hallucinogens could be used to treat depression, but research on their therapeutic potential was suspended due to societal and political issues. However, in recent years, with multiple successful studies and advances in neurobiology, research on the potential therapeutic benefits of psilocybin for depression has been revived8. Over the past 15 years, at least 6 clinical trials have documented significant reductions in depression symptoms with psilocybin therapy9. One of these trials was an open-label study in TRD with pretreatment and post-treatment functional magnetic resonance imaging, which showed a reduction in brain modularity linked to improvements in depressed symptomatology10. Notably, escitalopram, a common SSRI antidepressant, did not cause any changes in modularity, suggesting that this antidepressant activity may be unique to psilocybin therapy11. Psilocybin also induces an altered consciousness or hallucinogenic experience, which is thought to play a crucial role in its therapeutic effects for depression. The psychedelic experience is believed to promote introspection, emotional processing, and insights into one’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, leading to increased self-awareness, changes in perception, and shifts in perspective that can result in meaningful and long-lasting changes in mood and behavior12. Psilocybin therapy for depression typically involves a structured and supervised approach, with a trained therapist providing support and guidance throughout the experience. The therapy session may also include preparatory and integrative elements to optimize the therapeutic outcome. Recent clinical trials have shown promising results, with rapid reductions in depressive symptoms observed after just 1 or 2 sessions of psilocybin-assisted therapy and sustained treatment response rates that persist for several weeks or even months after treatment13. One of the unique aspects of psilocybin therapy is its potential for a rapid onset of action, with many patients reporting improvements in mood and well-being within hours or days after a single session. This is in stark contrast to traditional antidepressant medications, which typically take weeks or even months to show significant effects. The rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of psilocybin therapy may be particularly beneficial for individuals with severe depression or TRD, who may not respond adequately to conventional treatments14. Furthermore, psilocybin therapy has been reported to be well-tolerated, with a low risk of addiction and minimal withdrawal symptoms. Unlike some traditional antidepressants, which can cause side effects such as sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal issues, and anxiety, psilocybin therapy is generally considered to be safe and well-tolerated when administered in controlled settings by trained professionals15. Despite the promising results, it is important to note that psilocybin therapy is not without risks. The psychedelic experience induced by psilocybin can be intense and overwhelming and may not be suitable for everyone. It may also cause transient psychological distress, such as anxiety, fear, or confusion during the session. Therefore, it requires careful screening, preparation, and integration to ensure safe and optimal outcomes. In addition, the long-term effects of repeated psilocybin therapy are still unknown, and further research is needed to fully understand its safety and potential risks16. In conclusion, psilocybin therapy has shown promising results as a novel and potentially effective treatment for depression, particularly for individuals with TRD or those who do not respond adequately to traditional antidepressant medications. The rapid onset of action, sustained treatment response rates, and unique psychological effects of psilocybin therapy make it a compelling option for further research and exploration in the field of mental health. However, it is important to approach psilocybin therapy with caution, ensuring proper screening, preparation, and integration, and further research is needed to fully understand its safety, optimal dosages, and long-term effects. Psilocybin therapy may represent a paradigm shift in the treatment of depression, but it should only be administered in controlled settings by trained professionals as part of an integrated treatment approach. Ethical approval Not applicable. Sources of funding None. Author contribution The conceptualization was done by TN and BSR. The literature and drafting of the manuscript were conducted by TN, AS, AWK, SMFZ and HSR. The editing and supervision were performed by BSR. All authors have read and agreed to the final version of the manuscript. Conflict of interest disclosures The authors declare that they have no financial conflict of interest with regard to the content of this report. Research registration unique identifying number (UIN) Not applicable. Guarantor All authors take responsibility for the work, access to data and decision to publish.", "journal": "International Journal of Surgery Global Health", "publication_date": "2023-06-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1097/gh9.0000000000000175", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000175", "keywords": "Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Suicidal ideation, Medicine, Mental health, Antidepressant, Treatment-resistant depression, Medical prescription, Pharmacotherapy, Population, Psychological intervention, Suicide prevention, Poison control, Anxiety, Emergency medicine, Pharmacology, Environmental health, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379142909\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379142909\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2104320372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784340661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990102866\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036992158\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297478109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311908682\",\"https://openalex.org/W6745059603\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027735343\",\"display_name\":\"Tooba Noor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-3014\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108922183\",\"display_name\":\"Areej Shakil\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013027499\",\"display_name\":\"Aimen Waqar Khan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-8328\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086504723\",\"display_name\":\"Syeda Mahrukh Fatima Zaidi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080006814\",\"display_name\":\"Hussain Sohail Rangwala\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2167-3481\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036522565\",\"display_name\":\"Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5812-9049\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210188486\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Surgery Global Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000175\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Aging,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adolescents,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4379142909" }, { "id": 1295, "title": "Personality change in a trial of psilocybin therapy v. escitalopram treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "personality change in a trial of psilocybin therapy v escitalopram treatment for depression", "authors": "Brandon Weiss, Induni Ginige, Lu Shannon, Bruna Giribaldi, Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner, Roberta Murphy, Michelle Baker-Jones, Jonny Martell, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, David Erritzøe", "abstract": "Abstract Background Psilocybin Therapy (PT) is being increasingly studied as a psychiatric intervention. Personality relates to mental health and can be used to probe the nature of PT's therapeutic action. Methods In a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, active comparator controlled trial involving patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, we compared psilocybin with escitalopram, over a core 6-week trial period. Five-Factor model personality domains, Big Five Aspect Scale Openness aspects, Absorption, and Impulsivity were measured at Baseline, Week 6, and Month 6 follow-up. Results PT was associated with decreases in neuroticism ( B = −0.63), introversion ( B = −0.38), disagreeableness ( B = −0.47), impulsivity ( B = −0.40), and increases in absorption ( B = 0.32), conscientiousness ( B = 0.30), and openness ( B = 0.23) at week 6, with neuroticism ( B = −0.47) and disagreeableness ( B = −0.41) remaining decreased at month 6. Escitalopram Treatment (ET) was associated with decreases in neuroticism ( B = −0.38), disagreeableness ( B = −0.26), impulsivity ( B = −0.35), and increases in openness ( B = 0.28) at week 6, with neuroticism ( B = −0.46) remaining decreased at month 6. No significant between-condition differences were observed. Conclusions Personality changes across both conditions were in a direction consistent with improved mental health. With the possible exception of trait absorption, there were no compelling between-condition differences warranting conclusions regarding a selective action of PT ( v. ET) on personality; however, post-ET changes in personality were significantly moderated by pre-trial positive expectancy for escitalopram, whereas expectancy did not moderate response to PT.", "journal": "Psychological Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-06-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1017/s0033291723001514", "pubmed_id": "37264814", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723001514", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Neuroticism, Psychology, Impulsivity, Personality, Psychiatry, Big Five personality traits, Psychoticism, Clinical psychology, Extraversion and introversion, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Social psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": 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Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092070827\",\"display_name\":\"Induni Ginige\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104123769\",\"display_name\":\"Lu Shannon\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111666675\",\"display_name\":\"Roberta Murphy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055877835\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S71144982\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychological Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723001514\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Personality Change,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4379093876" }, { "id": 3373, "title": "Global species diversity and distribution of the psychedelic fungal genus Panaeolus", "normalized_title": "global species diversity and distribution of the psychedelic fungal genus panaeolus", "authors": "Strauss D, Ghosh S, Murray Z, Gryzenhout M.", "abstract": "Psychedelic fungi have received considerable attention recently due to their promising treatment potential of several psychiatric disorders and medical conditions, both in clinical settings but also as a nutraceutical. Besides research, a growing number of companies are developing capacity to conduct research and clinical trials where these fungi and their products can be used, and to provide these fungi to the public market that are rapidly becoming legal across the world. Whereas Psilocybe species are better known as psychedelic fungi, species in Panaeolus are also reputed to contain the psychedelic compound psilocybin and used recreationally. For the novice, there is no contemporary scientific summary of all the species in this genus that are known to be psychedelic, compared to those that are not. The global distribution and species diversity of these brown to white, often inconspicuous mushrooms are also not summarised, nor is it known to what extent DNA sequence data that are needed for identification have been generated for all of the species in this genus. However, psychedelic Panaeolus species are used and moved across the world. This lack of data makes it difficult to regulate bioexploitation and apply law enforcement of these fungi and the compounds they contain, especially seen in the light of the rapid development of the related markets. The aim of this review is to summarise current scientific data and knowledge on the species biodiversity, geographical distribution, extent of sequence data for identification purposes, and the psychedelic potential of species, based on published results. The review revealed where species are mostly known from, while also indicating areas seriously lacking such biodiversity data. A significant degree of study across the world is still needed to confirm which of these species are truly psychedelic and exactly what compounds they can produce.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/AGR/IND608043020", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"IND608043020\",\"source\":\"AGR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1466, "title": "Examining the Rationale for Studying Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Caregiver Distress.", "normalized_title": "examining the rationale for studying psychedelic assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of caregiver distress", "authors": "Gold ND, Podrebarac SK, White LA, Marini C, Simon NM, Mittelman MS, Ross S, Bogenschutz MP, Petridis PD", "abstract": "More than 50 million people in the United States serve as uncompensated informal caregivers to chronically ill friends or family members. Providing care to a sick loved one can contribute to personal growth but can also cause significant strain. Caregiver distress refers to a constellation of physiological, psychological, interpersonal, and spiritual impairments that typically result when an individual's own health becomes affected while caring for another. Caregiver distress is highly prevalent, affecting an estimated 30-70% of individuals across various caregiver populations. Although evidence-based treatments for caregiver distress exist, they do not sufficiently address all its components. In recent years, clinical trials have demonstrated that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) may have applications for treating a range of medical and psychiatric conditions that have significant overlap in symptoms to those seen in caregiver distress. While no studies to date have examined PAP for caregiver distress, this article provides a rationale for investigating PAP as a potential novel treatment for this indication. A narrative review on the effects and clinical applications of PAP that significantly overlap with the dimensions of caregiver distress was conducted. Safety considerations, psychedelic selection, and therapeutic structure for studying PAP in the treatment of caregiver distress were also examined. Psychologically, PAP has been shown to treat anxiety, depression, and reduce suicidal ideation. Physiologically, evidence suggests that psychedelics have anti-inflammatory properties, which may aid caregivers suffering from chronic inflammation. Interpersonally, PAP has been demonstrated to enhance feelings of empathy, connectedness, and strengthen social relationships, which can often become strained while caregiving. Spiritually, PAP has been shown to ameliorate existential distress and hopelessness in cancer patients, which may similarly benefit demoralized caregivers. PAP has the potential to comprehensively treat all biopsychosocial-spiritual dimensions of caregiver distress.", "journal": "Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.)", "publication_date": "2023-05-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2022.0011", "pubmed_id": "40046728", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40046728/", "keywords": "MDMA, biopsychosocial-spiritual, caregiver burden, caregiver distress, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40046728\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1186, "title": "Evidence versus expectancy: the development of psilocybin therapy", "normalized_title": "evidence versus expectancy the development of psilocybin therapy", "authors": "James Rucker", "abstract": "SUMMARY: Although the development of psilocybin therapy has come as a surprise to many, modern research with the drug has been ongoing for 25 years. Psilocybin therapy is composed of psilocybin dosing sessions embedded within a wider process of psychoeducation, psychological support and integration. Early phase clinical trial evidence is promising, particularly for treatment-resistant depression. However, masking probably fails and expectancy effects may be a part of the mechanism of change. Disambiguating between drug and expectancy effects is a necessary part of the development process, yet this is difficult if masking fails. Hitherto, masking and expectancy have not been routinely measured in psilocybin or other medication trials. Doing so represents an opportunity for research and may influence psychiatry more widely. In this opinion piece I summarise the clinical development process of psilocybin therapy thus far, discussing the hope, the hype, the challenges and the opportunities along the way.", "journal": "BJPsych Bulletin", "publication_date": "2023-05-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1192/bjb.2023.28", "pubmed_id": "37246405", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2023.28", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Expectancy theory, Psychology, Masking (illustration), Clinical trial, Psychoeducation, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Social psychology, Psychological intervention, Pathology, Art, Visual arts, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W122505910\",\"https://openalex.org/W373492448\",\"https://openalex.org/W1787454655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981765460\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022528197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045988021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070735132\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071735605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129576675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413044490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895737053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025954068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3038388367\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086471578\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116377810\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154999065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205506305\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215511316\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281793365\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283754131\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313200379\",\"https://openalex.org/W6715497939\",\"https://openalex.org/W6782922158\",\"https://openalex.org/W6810782383\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764642026\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Bulletin\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2023.28\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4378640469" }, { "id": 1374, "title": "Psychedelics: Threshold of a Therapeutic Revolution.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics threshold of a therapeutic revolution", "authors": "Heal DJ, Smith SL, Belouin SJ, Henningfield JE.", "abstract": "This Special Issue of Neuropharmacology on psychedelics provides a timely and comprehensive update on progress following the previous Neuropharmacology Special Issue \"Psychedelics: New Doors, Altered Perceptions\". Remarkable advances have been made in basic and clinical research on psychedelics in the five years since 2018. It is partly based on the seminar series focused on psilocybin organized by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA from April to June 2021, the \"NIH Psilocybin Research Speaker Series\". Participants were world leading experts, including scientists, medical practitioners, clinical psychologists and oncologists, and attendees from additional disciplines of patient advocacy, law, government science policy and regulatory policy. To provide a global perspective, their contributions are complemented with reviews by some of the world's most eminent scientists in the field. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted two breakthrough therapy designations for psilocybin in treatment resistant depression (TRD) in 2018 and major depressive disorder (MDD) in 2019, as well as for MDMA for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 2017. Clinical trials are in progress to assess the therapeutic value of psilocybin in MDD and TRD, and in other indications such as cancer-related anxiety and depression, anorexia, PTSD, substance use disorders and various types of chronic pain. The contributors' insights should assist basic and applied science for transition of psychedelics from bench to potential mainstream therapies. The implications are global, because FDA approval of these new medicines will increase international interest and efforts.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-26", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109610", "pubmed_id": "37247807", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109610", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37247807\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3219, "title": "Bridging the translational neuroscience gap: Development of the ‘shiftability’ paradigm and an exemplar protocol to capture psilocybin-elicited ‘shift’ in neurobiological mechanisms in autism", "normalized_title": "bridging the translational neuroscience gap development of the shiftability paradigm and an exemplar protocol to capture psilocybin elicited shift in neurobiological mechanisms in autism", "authors": "Whelan TP, Daly E, Puts NA, Malievskaia E, Murphy DG, McAlonan GM.", "abstract": "Clinical trials of pharmacological approaches targeting the core features of autism have failed. This is despite evidence from preclinical studies, genetics, post-mortem studies and correlational analyses linking peripheral and central markers of multiple candidate neurochemical systems to brain function in autism. Whilst this has in part been explained by the heterogeneity of the autistic population, the field has largely relied upon association studies to link brain chemistry to function. The only way to directly establish that a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator is involved in a candidate brain function is to change it and observe a shift in that function. This experimental approach dominates preclinical neuroscience, but not human studies. There is very little direct experimental evidence describing how neurochemical systems modulate information processing in the living human brain. As a result, our understanding of how neurochemical differences contribute to neurodiversity is limited and impedes our ability to translate findings from animal studies into humans. Here, we begin by introducing our “shiftability” paradigm, an approach to bridge the translational gap in autism research. We then provide an overview of the methodologies used and explain our most recent choice of psilocybin as a pharmacological probe of the serotonin system in vivo. Finally, we provide a summary of the protocol for ‘PSILAUT’, an exemplar “shiftability” study which uses psilocybin to directly test the hypothesis that the serotonin system functions differently in autistic and non-autistic adults.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-05-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.05.25.23290521", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.25.23290521", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR666702\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1480, "title": "Acute psilocybin increased cortical activities in rats", "normalized_title": "acute psilocybin increased cortical activities in rats", "authors": "Junhong Liu, Yuanyuan Wang, Ke Xia, Jinfeng Wu, Danhao Zheng, Aoling Cai, Haitao Yan, Ruibin Su", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogenic component of magic mushrooms, has significant psychoactive effects in both humans and rodents. But the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a useful tool in many preclinical and clinical trials to investigate psilocybin-induced changes of brain activity and functional connectivity (FC) due to its noninvasive nature and widespread availability. However, fMRI effects of psilocybin on rats have not been carefully investigated. This study aimed to explore how psilocybin affects resting-state brain activity and FC, through a combination of BOLD fMRI and immunofluorescence (IF) of EGR1, an immediate early gene (IEG) closely related to depressive symptoms. Ten minutes after psilocybin hydrochloride injection (2.0 mg/kg, i.p.), positive brain activities were observed in the frontal, temporal, and parietal cortex (including the cingulate cortex and retrosplenial cortex), hippocampus, and striatum. And a region-of-interest (ROI) -wise FC analysis matrix suggested increased interconnectivity of several regions, such as the cingulate cortex, dorsal striatum, prelimbic, and limbic regions. Further seed-based analyses revealed increased FC of cingulate cortex within the cortical and striatal areas. Consistently, acute psilocybin increased the EGR1 level throughout the brain, indicating a consistent activation thought the cortical and striatal areas. In conclusion, the psilocybin-induced hyperactive state of rats is congruent to that of humans, and may be responsible for its pharmacological effects.", "journal": "Frontiers in Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2023-05-22", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2023.1168911", "pubmed_id": "37287797", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1168911", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Retrosplenial cortex, Infralimbic cortex, Cingulate cortex, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Posterior cingulate, Cortex (anatomy), Anterior cingulate cortex, Striatum, Prefrontal cortex, Central nervous system, Cognition, Dopamine, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Tryptophan and brain disorders, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4378084778\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4378084778\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":17,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W249845531\",\"https://openalex.org/W878533373\",\"https://openalex.org/W1218133796\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607671357\",\"https://openalex.org/W1691941589\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965146355\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970108241\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974316717\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976431827\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979600308\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986624071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011889986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020778578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024875626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025204726\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032386770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035462451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039169438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050297923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057478907\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061494834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064153375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072522618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075556735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079818797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080962980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081534285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083207963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093593858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097983973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2224527671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2234472934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407151076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2595255406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623311414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767241173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792211781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886680918\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887016981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914710263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924763228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994882463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3017727512\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093454394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162476260\",\"https://openalex.org/W3187804795\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226057129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309269582\",\"https://openalex.org/W6713506532\",\"https://openalex.org/W7033452965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000835247\",\"display_name\":\"Junhong Liu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9786-7601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100423153\",\"display_name\":\"Yuanyuan Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5066-1654\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005099065\",\"display_name\":\"Ke Xia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9699-9901\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059933519\",\"display_name\":\"Jinfeng Wu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8539-0973\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018493023\",\"display_name\":\"Danhao Zheng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090433356\",\"display_name\":\"Aoling Cai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-1621\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107114291\",\"display_name\":\"Haitao Yan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108315379\",\"display_name\":\"Ruibin Su\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S115201632\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1168911\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4378084778" }, { "id": 3683, "title": "Recall of Experience and Conscious Awareness in Psilocybin Treatment of Depression (The RECAP Study): Pilot Phase in Healthy Adult Volunteers", "normalized_title": "recall of experience and conscious awareness in psilocybin treatment of depression the recap study pilot phase in healthy adult volunteers", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "The primary objective of the RECAP Study Program is to investigate the role played by conscious experience in the antidepressant effects of the psychedelic agent psilocybin. This pilot dosing study (PILOT RECAP) is designed to determine the optimal dose of midazolam that allows a psychedelic experience to occur while inducing amnesia for the experience. This is an essential step required for subsequent evaluation of the role of memory for the psychedelic experience in the antidepressant effects of psilocybin in the full RECAP study. The PILOT RECAP Study will investigate the effect of co- administering the amnestic agent midazolam with a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin on the induction of a psychedelic experience and subsequent memory for the experience with the goal of identifying an optimal dosing regimen of midazolam that will allow a psychedelic experience to occur while also inducing amnesia for the experience. Identifying this midazolam dosing regimen will allow us in a subsequent stage of the RECAP program to test whether memory for the psychedelic experience is required/important for psilocybin to produce longer-term antidepressant effects. This is a phase 1 study in psychiatrically and medically healthy volunteers. Given this, there is no disease background for PILOT RECAP per se. However, the purpose of PILOT RECAP is to identify an optimal midazolam dosing schedule to be used in a subsequent study (RECAP) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The investigational treatment for PILOT RECAP is a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin combined with repeated intravenous (IV) boluses of midazolam dosed at levels known to maintain conscious experience while inducing subsequent amnesia for the experience upon its conclusion. Because PILOT RECAP is the first study to examine this drug combination, no data are currently available on this approach. Psilocybin + midazolam will be administered within a \"Set and Setting\" (SaS) protocol that provides psychoeducation and therapeutic support prior to, during, and following psychedelic dosing, and that has been standard procedure for recent studies of psilocybin in humans. It is believed that this SaS approach enhances clinical efficacy and safety. SaS is an integral component of the PILOT RECAP intervention. The PILOT RECAP study will not enroll vulnerable populations. During this study, participants are asked to: * Refrain from use of psychotropic medications. Use of such medications prior to psilocybin/midazolam dosing will result in a participant being discontinued from the study. * Refrain from use of any illegal psychoactive substances from screening until study termination. * Refrain from using legal psychoactive substance for the following defined time periods (the exception is caffeine): * Tobacco and Nicotine: from screening until study termination * Alcohol: 72 hours prior to the Dosing Visit", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-05-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04842045", "keywords": "Psychedelic Experiences, Amnesia, Psilocybin and Midazolam, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, benzodiazepine, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04842045\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1126, "title": "[Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment of Depression, Anxiety and Substance use Disorders: Neurobiological Basis and Clinical Application].", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted treatment of depression anxiety and substance use disorders neurobiological basis and clinical application", "authors": "Lasch A, Schweikert T, Dora E, Kolb T, Schurig HL, Walther A.", "abstract": "Successful therapy of mental disorders is very important in view of the high level of suffering of those affected. Since established pharmaceutical and psychotherapeutic approaches do not lead to the desired improvement in all cases, complementary or alternative treatment methods are intensively researched. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy seems particularly promising, and has been approved in the USA for larger clinical trials. Psilocybin belongs to the group of psychedelics and influences psychological experiences. In assisted therapy, psilocybin is administered in controlled doses under medical supervision to patients with different mental disorders. In the studies conducted so far, longer-term positive effects could be shown after just one or a few doses. In order to provide a better understanding of the potential therapeutic mechanisms, this article will first describe neurobiological and psychological effects of psilocybin. To better assess the potential of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for various disorders, clinical studies conducted so far with patients administered psilocybin are reviewed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1055/a-2046-5202", "pubmed_id": "37207669", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2046-5202", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37207669\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3063, "title": "Novel psilocin prodrugs with altered pharmacological properties as candidate therapies for treatment-resistant anxiety disorders", "normalized_title": "novel psilocin prodrugs with altered pharmacological properties as candidate therapies for treatment resistant anxiety disorders", "authors": "Raithatha SA, Hagel JM, Matinkhoo K, Yu L, Press D, Cook SG, Sharma G, D D, Jensen G, Lee JB, Cai C, Gallant J, Bains JS, Tucker JE, Facchini PJ.", "abstract": "The psychedelic compound psilocybin has shown therapeutic benefit in the treatment of numerous psychiatric diseases. A recent randomized clinical trial conducted at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center demonstrated the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Similarly, a phase IIb study evaluating psilocybin-assisted therapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) presented statistically meaningful and long-term reduction in depressive symptoms. Also, many studies have reported the successful treatment of severe anxiety after a single oral dose of psilocybin, especially in patients struggling with cancer-related distress (CRD). Despite these compelling clinical results, concerns regarding the duration of the psychedelic experience produced by psilocybin pose a significant barrier to its widespread therapeutic application. Psilocybin, derived from magic mushrooms is the naturally occurring prodrug of the neuroactive compound psilocin. When orally administered, exposure to the acidic gastrointestinal (GI) environment together with enzymatic processing by intestinal and hepatic alkaline phosphatase lead to the dephosphorylation of psilocybin producing elevated levels of systemic psilocin. These plasma levels are detectable up to 24 h and produce a psychoactive episode lasting as long as 6 h post-ingestion. In order to positively modify the kinetics of the acute psychedelic response, we have engineered a library of novel prodrug derivatives (NPDs) of psilocin, introducing a diversity of alternative metabolically cleavable moieties modified at the 4-carbon position of the core indole ring. This library consists of twenty-eight unique compounds represented by nine distinct prodrug classes. Each molecule was screened in vitro for metabolic stability using isolated human serum, and human cellular fractions derived from liver and intestinal tissues. This screen revealed fifteen prodrugs that produced measurable levels of psilocin in vitro, with ester and thiocarbonate-based prodrug derivatives significantly represented. These fifteen NPDs were further evaluated for pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in mice, assessing plasma levels of both residual prodrug and resultant psilocin. PK results confirmed the efficiency of ester and thiocarbonate-based prodrug metabolism upon oral and intravenous administration, achieving levels reduced, albeit comparable to levels of psilocybin-derived psilocin. Of note, almost all NPDs tested maintained reduced overall exposure of psilocin relative to psilocybin, with no measurable levels detected at 24 h post-dose. Finally, all NPDs were screened for CNS bioavailability in healthy mice using the Head Twitch Response (HTR), a behavioural biomarker of 5-HT2A receptor stimulation and an established proxy for psychoactive potential. Interestingly, five NPDs produced peak HTR that approached or exceeded levels induced by an equivalent dose of psilocybin. Among these bioactive prodrugs, an ester-based and thiocarbonate-based molecule produced long-term anxiolytic benefit in chronically stressed mice evaluated in the marble burying psychiatric model. Overall, this screening campaign identified novel candidate prodrugs of psilocin with altered metabolic profiles and reduced pharmacological exposure, potentially attenuating the duration of the psychedelic response. These molecules still maintained the long-term psychiatric and physiological benefits characteristic of psilocybin therapy. Additionally, these modified parameters also offer the opportunity for altered routes of administration bypassing conventional oral dosing.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-05-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.05.16.540994", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.16.540994", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR661781\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1472, "title": "Global species diversity and distribution of the psychedelic fungal genus Panaeolus.", "normalized_title": "global species diversity and distribution of the psychedelic fungal genus panaeolus", "authors": "Strauss D, Ghosh S, Murray Z, Gryzenhout M.", "abstract": "Psychedelic fungi have received considerable attention recently due to their promising treatment potential of several psychiatric disorders and medical conditions, both in clinical settings but also as a nutraceutical. Besides research, a growing number of companies are developing capacity to conduct research and clinical trials where these fungi and their products can be used, and to provide these fungi to the public market that are rapidly becoming legal across the world. Whereas Psilocybe species are better known as psychedelic fungi, species in Panaeolus are also reputed to contain the psychedelic compound psilocybin and used recreationally. For the novice, there is no contemporary scientific summary of all the species in this genus that are known to be psychedelic, compared to those that are not. The global distribution and species diversity of these brown to white, often inconspicuous mushrooms are also not summarised, nor is it known to what extent DNA sequence data that are needed for identification have been generated for all of the species in this genus. However, psychedelic Panaeolus species are used and moved across the world. This lack of data makes it difficult to regulate bioexploitation and apply law enforcement of these fungi and the compounds they contain, especially seen in the light of the rapid development of the related markets. The aim of this review is to summarise current scientific data and knowledge on the species biodiversity, geographical distribution, extent of sequence data for identification purposes, and the psychedelic potential of species, based on published results. The review revealed where species are mostly known from, while also indicating areas seriously lacking such biodiversity data. A significant degree of study across the world is still needed to confirm which of these species are truly psychedelic and exactly what compounds they can produce.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16338", "pubmed_id": "37274634", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16338", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37274634\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3634, "title": "A Phase 1 Study Comparing the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Intravenous and Oral Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 study comparing the pharmacokinetics and safety of intravenous and oral psilocybin", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "The purpose of this research study is to compare an oral dose of psilocybin and an intravenous (IV) infusion of psilocybin to assess differences in how the drug is absorbed by the body, the psychedelic experience, and any side effects when taken by healthy adult participants. Participants can expect to be in the study for approximately 12 weeks. Psilocybin, when delivered to screened and prepared participants in a controlled environment, has shown strong evidence of positive effects in treating cancer-related psychiatric distress, depression and anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, and nicotine or alcohol addiction. Psilocybin therapy is generally safe and well-tolerated when conducted under controlled conditions. Psilocybin is very rapidly transformed to the active metabolite psilocin, which is considered the active agent from psilocybin administration. Oral and IV psilocybin are expected to have similar pharmacokinetic and psychedelic effects, as well as safety profiles, while IV psilocybin will achieve more consistent blood levels than are possible with oral psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-05-14", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05467761", "keywords": "Healthy, Oral Psilocybin, IV Psilocybin, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05467761\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1497, "title": "Unblinding and demand characteristics in the treatment of depression.", "normalized_title": "unblinding and demand characteristics in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Goodwin GM, Croal M, Marwood L, Malievskaia E", "abstract": "Blinding of treatment allocation in clinical trials in psychiatry is regarded as an ideal. The potential impact of unblinding chimes with a general concern for psychological research: so-called demand characteristics can undermine confidence in findings from experimental and clinical studies. Scepticism can result in nihilism. The reliance on subjective report of symptoms in clinical trials of drug efficacy in depression provides an important example. It is regularly implied that if subjective effects, including specific adverse reactions, unblind participants to an active treatment then evidence for its efficacy is suspect. In fact, the strong association between dose and subjective effects does not translate into a strong relationship with efficacy in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of conventional antidepressant drugs; this observation falsifies the proposition that unblinding is the principal mechanism driving RCT outcomes in studies of depression. Instead, changes in brain function, that occur soon after treatment starts, do predict treatment outcomes and align with our understanding of neurotransmitter effects from neuroscience. Psychedelic experience for the treatment of depression must be unblinding, but the effect results directly from serotonergic receptor activation and changes in brain connectivity. Where such effects are part of a novel mechanism of action, a strong dose response relationship would be expected, irrespective of unblinding. We highlight the importance of exploring blinding as a mechanism, confirming dose-related outcomes, and dissociating unblinding effects from efficacy. Unblinding does not necessarily invalidate the subjective experience of sustained recovery from depression.", "journal": "Journal of affective disorders", "publication_date": "2023-04-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.030", "pubmed_id": "36781142", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36781142/", "keywords": "Antidepressant, Demand characteristics, Depression, Psilocybin, Psychedelic, Unblinding", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36781142\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1491, "title": "Study protocol of an open-label proof-of-concept trial examining the safety and clinical efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy for veterans with PTSD", "normalized_title": "study protocol of an open label proof of concept trial examining the safety and clinical efficacy of psilocybin assisted therapy for veterans with ptsd", "authors": "Alan K. Davis, Adam W. Levin, Paul Nagib, Stacey B. Armstrong, Rafael Lancelotta", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: Psilocybin-assisted therapy has shown significant promise in treating the cluster of mood and anxiety symptoms that comprise post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but has yet to be tested specifically in this condition. Furthermore, current pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments for PTSD are difficult to tolerate and limited in efficacy, especially in the US Military Veteran (USMV) population. This open-label pilot study will examine the safety and efficacy of two psilocybin administration sessions (15 mg and 25 mg), combined with psychotherapy, among USMVs with severe, treatment resistant PTSD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will recruit 15 USMVs with severe, treatment resistant PTSD. Participants will receive one low dose (15 mg) and one moderate/high dose (25 mg) of psilocybin in conjunction with preparatory and post-psilocybin therapy sessions. The primary safety outcome will be the type, severity and frequency of adverse events and suicidal ideation/behaviour, as measured by the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. The primary outcome measure for PTSD will be the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale-5. The primary endpoint will be 1 month following the second psilocybin administration session, and the total follow-up time will be 6 months. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: All participants will be required to provide written informed consent. The trial has been authorised by the Ohio State University Institutional Review Board (study number: 2022H0280). Dissemination of results will occur via a peer-reviewed publication and other relevant media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05554094.", "journal": "BMJ Open", "publication_date": "2023-04-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068884", "pubmed_id": "37142308", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068884", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Protocol (science), Clinical trial, Proof of concept, Psychiatry, Open label, Alternative medicine, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Pathology, Operating system, Psychology, Computer science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4372336620\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4372336620\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":19,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1514491136\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970515078\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079922358\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107489190\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2395520547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2402965079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412976663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598895258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612417324\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899448494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985507408\",\"https://openalex.org/W3041518543\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080920519\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169261903\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206228435\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206486089\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213429059\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225311883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237085762\",\"https://openalex.org/W4304118763\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048202842\",\"display_name\":\"Adam W. Levin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9167-462X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072798102\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Nagib\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-3116\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015911875\",\"display_name\":\"Stacey B. Armstrong\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0869-7511\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056271117\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael Lancelotta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-3463\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S79054089\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068884\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Veterans,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4372336620" }, { "id": 1449, "title": "A critical evaluation of QIDS-SR-16 using data from a trial of psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "a critical evaluation of qids sr 16 using data from a trial of psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram treatment for depression", "authors": "Brandon Weiss, David Erritzøe, Bruna Giribaldi, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "Background: In a recent clinical trial examining the comparative efficacy of psilocybin therapy (PT) versus escitalopram treatment (ET) for major depressive disorder, 14 of 16 major efficacy outcome measures yielded results that favored PT, but the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Self-Report, 16 items (QIDS-SR16 ) did not. Aims: The present study aims to (1) rationally and psychometrically account for discrepant results between outcome measures and (2) to overcome psychometric problems particular to individual measures by re-examining between-condition differences in depressive response using all outcome measures at item-, facet-, and factor-levels of analysis. Method: Four depression measures were compared on the basis of their validity for examining differences in depressive response between PT and ET conditions. Results/Outcomes: Possible reasons for discrepant findings on the QIDS-SR16 include its higher variance, imprecision due to compound items and whole-scale and unidimensional sum-scoring, vagueness in the phrasing of scoring options for items, and its lack of focus on a core depression factor. Reanalyzing the trial data at item-, facet-, and factor-levels yielded results suggestive of PT’s superior efficacy in reducing depressed mood, anhedonia, and a core depression factor, along with specific symptoms such as sexual dysfunction. Conclusion/Interpretation: Our results raise concerns about the adequacy of the QIDS-SR16 for measuring depression, as well as the practice of relying on individual scales that tend not to capture the multidimensional structure or core of depression. Using an alternative approach that captures depression more granularly and comprehensively yielded specific insight into areas where PT therapy may be particularly useful to patients and clinicians.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-04-24", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231167848", "pubmed_id": "37122239", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231167848", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":24,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W69473495\",\"https://openalex.org/W1492022547\",\"https://openalex.org/W1848232528\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965358782\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966233504\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968614105\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970539886\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971867660\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977465442\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995485235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018067258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019133471\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025002838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029066588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029684800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037350170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047553482\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055526664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063085086\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067495470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067814588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068055929\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090408573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098956244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100497492\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124295269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127124395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142897908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148132316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157263173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170701421\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171230663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293417697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412709103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473306823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2483986988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519546524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537247270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2584496698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737966001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2739366682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756552033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770243687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789400649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887016029\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043059238\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111938308\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163782981\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185477803\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212575075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216348943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223461155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223964620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281493819\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367600886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385271945\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015600817\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231167848\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4367053025" }, { "id": 3176, "title": "A Phase I trial to inform clinical protocols for the safe administration of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "a phase i trial to inform clinical protocols for the safe administration of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Bennett JN, Blough MD, Mitchell I, Galloway L, Bains R.", "abstract": "This Phase I trial aims to inform the development of safety protocols for psilocybin-assisted therapy. Psychedelics, including psilocybin, are increasingly being recognized as a successful treatment option for many mental health concerns. In order to decrease the risks associated with its clinical use, more data is required regarding its physiological effects in healthy individuals. Safety assessments (heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and ECG data), as well as adverse event evaluations were the primary outcome measures used to assess the physiological effects of 25 mg of psilocybin extract administered to 14 healthy individuals. We hypothesized that there would be a transient, clinically insignificant rise in both blood pressure and heart rate that would not result in any long-term adverse effects. No unexpected effects were observed, blood pressure and heart rate returned to normal as drug effects waned, and all participants had normal two-month follow-ups. Mean peak systolic and diastolic blood pressures during the psilocybin session were 145.93 ( SD = 19.01) and 93.93 ( SD = 9.75), respectively. While this represents a significant increase from baseline ( p < 0.0001), a healthy cardiovascular system is capable of tolerating such levels for a longer time period than the brief duration of drug effects. Therefore, we suggest implementing focused and limited screening protocols to balance patient safety and accessibility. Secondary outcomes of this trial centered on the subjective effects of psilocybin, assessed via the QIDS-SR16 and the MEQ-30. There was a statistically significant decrease in QIDS-SR16 scores from baseline scores ( M = 3.50, SD = 2.35) to eight-week follow-up scores ( M = 1.86, SD = 0.86), p = 0.018. Mean MEQ-30 scores, assessed on day two and seven after the psilocybin session, indicate participants had full mystical experiences.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-04-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.04.12.23288325", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.04.12.23288325", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR648094\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1506, "title": "Use of Selective Alternative Therapies for Treatment of OCD.", "normalized_title": "use of selective alternative therapies for treatment of ocd", "authors": "Khan I, Jaura TA, Tukruna A, Arif A, Tebha SS, Nasir S, Mukherjee D, Masroor N, Yosufi A.", "abstract": "About 40% of the people with the obsessive-compulsive-disorder do not experience the desired outcome after the existing treatment, and its several side effects were reported. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of alternative drugs and assess the possibility of their use as treatment options for obsessive-compulsive-disorder. The Scientific databases PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Directory of Open Access Journals, MedRxiv and BioRxiv, were searched from inception to March 2022, using appropriate search strategies for each drug and following the Prisma guidelines 2020. Studies were selected according to the already set criteria and assessed for bias. Data were extracted, and descriptive and continuous data were analyzed and presented as frequency/percentage and mean. A total of 16 observational and interventional studies were included for data extraction. The studies focused on four drugs, Psilocybin (n=4), Cannabis (n=7), Nicotine (n=3), and Morphine (n=2), that were used to test out their effect on OCD symptoms. Overall, the majority of the studies showed promising results by documenting a reduction in Y-BOCS scores. However, few subjects, specifically those using nicotine or Cannabis, did not affect their condition or self-reported worsening symptoms. Few side effects were also noticed. This systematic review found that the drugs mostly showed a positive response. All Psilocybin and morphine users, 88.2% and 74.1% of the nicotine and Cannabis users, respectively, reported experiencing the positive effect of these drugs, indicating that these drugs have the potential to be used in the management of OCD. However, further research is required in this arena to thoroughly understand the mechanism of action by which these drugs produce their therapeutic effect. Policies to destigmatize and encourage clinical trials with these drugs are crucial for exploring the use of these drugs as a treatment option for OCD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-04-04", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.2147/ndt.s403997", "pubmed_id": "37041856", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/ndt.s403997", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37041856\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "OCD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1424, "title": "Are psychedelic medicines the reset for chronic pain? Preliminary findings and research needs.", "normalized_title": "are psychedelic medicines the reset for chronic pain preliminary findings and research needs", "authors": "Zia FZ, Baumann MH, Belouin SJ, Dworkin RH, Ghauri MH, Hendricks PS, Henningfield JE, Lanier RK, Ross S, Berger A.", "abstract": "Chronic pain is a leading cause of disability, reduced productivity, healthcare seeking behavior, and a contributor to opioid overdose in the United States. For many people, pain can be satisfactorily managed by existing medicines and comprehensive psychosocial treatments. For others, available treatments are either ineffective or not acceptable, due to side effects and concerns about risks. Preliminary evidence suggests that some psychedelics may be effective for certain types of pain and/or improved quality of life with increased functionality and reduced disability and distress in people whose pain may never be completely relieved. Efficacy in these quality-of-life related outcomes would be consistent with the 'reset in thinking' about chronic pain management being increasingly called for as a more realistic goal for some people as compared to complete elimination of pain. This commentary summarizes the rationale for conducting more basic research and clinical trials to further explore the potential for psychedelics in chronic pain management. Additionally, if shown to be effective, to then determine whether the effects of psychedelics are primarily due to direct antinociceptive or anti-inflammatory mechanisms, or via increased tolerability, acceptance, and sense of spirituality, that appear to at least partially mediate the therapeutic effects of psychedelics observed in psychiatric disorders such as major depression. This commentary represents a collaboration of clinical and more basic scientists examining these issues and developing recommendations for research ranging from neuropharmacology to the biopsychosocial treatment factors that appear to be as important in pain management as in depression and other disorders in which psychedelic medicines are under development. This article is part of the Special Issue on \"National Institutes of Health Psilocybin Research Speaker Series\".", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-04-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109528", "pubmed_id": "37015315", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109528", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Quality of Life, United States, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37015315\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1451, "title": "The need for establishing best practices and gold standards in psychedelic medicine.", "normalized_title": "the need for establishing best practices and gold standards in psychedelic medicine", "authors": "Feduccia A, Agin-Liebes G, Price CM, Grinsell N, Paradise S, Rabin DM.", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances are under investigation in several drug development programs. Controlled clinical trials are providing evidence for safe and effective use of psychedelic therapies for treating mental health conditions. With the anticipated FDA approval of MDMA-assisted therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in 2023 and psilocybin therapy for depression disorders soon after, now is the time for the medical community to become informed on best practices and to actively participate in developing standards of care for these new treatments. Given the emergence of numerous drug sponsors and other companies developing therapeutic modalities for combination with psychedelic medications, it is essential that the medical professional field is at the forefront of communicating unbiased information related to safety and effectiveness. Gold standards have long been a part of medicine and serve to distinguish treatments and assessments as the highest quality by which all others can be compared to. For a treatment to be established as a gold standard, several factors are considered including the quantity and quality of the supporting data, the rigor of trials, and the safety and efficacy compared to other treatments. In this article, we review the origins of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), minimum requirements for safe use of psychedelics, criteria for gold standards in mental health, and the nuances regarding how to establish gold standards in psychedelic medicine and guide clinical decision making.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.083", "pubmed_id": "37003433", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.083", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Health, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37003433\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1526, "title": "Psychedelic Targeting of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2 and Its Implications for the Treatment of Alcoholism.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic targeting of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 and its implications for the treatment of alcoholism", "authors": "Domanegg K, Sommer WH, Meinhardt MW.", "abstract": "Alcohol abuse is a leading risk factor for the public health burden worldwide. Approved pharmacotherapies have demonstrated limited effectiveness over the last few decades in treating alcohol use disorders (AUD). New therapeutic approaches are therefore urgently needed. Historical and recent clinical trials using psychedelics in conjunction with psychotherapy demonstrated encouraging results in reducing heavy drinking in AUD patients, with psilocybin being the most promising candidate. While psychedelics are known to induce changes in gene expression and neuroplasticity, we still lack crucial information about how this specifically counteracts the alterations that occur in neuronal circuits throughout the course of addiction. This review synthesizes well-established knowledge from addiction research about pathophysiological mechanisms related to the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGlu2), with findings and theories on how mGlu2 connects to the major signaling pathways induced by psychedelics via serotonin 2A receptors (2AR). We provide literature evidence that mGlu2 and 2AR are able to regulate each other's downstream signaling pathways, either through monovalent crosstalk or through the formation of a 2AR-mGlu2 heteromer, and highlight epigenetic mechanisms by which 2ARs can modulate mGlu2 expression. Lastly, we discuss how these pathways might be targeted therapeutically to restore mGlu2 function in AUD patients, thereby reducing the propensity to relapse.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-21", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/cells12060963", "pubmed_id": "36980303", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12060963", "keywords": "Neurons, Humans, Alcoholism, Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate, Hallucinogens", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36980303\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Epigenetics,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1530, "title": "Exploring psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder.", "normalized_title": "exploring psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder", "authors": "Brett J, Knock E, Korthuis PT, Liknaitzky P, Murnane KS, Nicholas CR, Patterson JC, Stauffer CS.", "abstract": "Methamphetamine use disorder is a chronic relapsing condition associated with substantial mental, physical, and social harms and increasing rates of mortality. Contingency management and psychotherapy interventions are the mainstays of treatment but are modestly effective with high relapse rates, while pharmacological treatments have shown little to no efficacy. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment for a range of difficult-to-treat conditions, including substance use disorders; however, no studies have yet been published looking at psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder. Here we review the rationale for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a potential treatment for this indication, and describe practical considerations based on our early experience designing and implementing four separate clinical trials of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-13", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1123424", "pubmed_id": "36998623", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1123424", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36998623\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1465, "title": "Preclinical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic actions of psilocybin in psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "preclinical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic actions of psilocybin in psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Wulff AB, Nichols CD, Thompson SM.", "abstract": "Psychedelic compounds have shown extraordinary potential in treating a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders. Psilocybin, for example, has now been shown in several clinical trials to induce a rapid (within days) and persistent (3-12 months) improvement in human treatment-resistant depression and other neuropsychiatric conditions. Here we review the preclinical models and experimental approaches that have been used to study the neurobiological actions of psychedelic drugs. We further summarize the insights these studies have provided into the possible mechanisms underlying the induction of their therapeutic actions, including the receptors to which psychedelics bind and the second messenger signaling cascades that they activate. We also discuss potential biological processes that psychedelics may alter to produce the lasting amelioration of symptoms, including improvements in synaptic structure and function and suppression of inflammation. Improved mechanistic understanding of psychedelic drug actions will aid in the advancement of these promising new medicines. This article is part of the Special Issue on \"National Institutes of Health Psilocybin Research Speaker Series\".", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109504", "pubmed_id": "36921889", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109504", "keywords": "Humans, Inflammation, Hallucinogens, United States, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36921889\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3782, "title": "Understanding psychedelic 'mystical experience'-A case example", "normalized_title": "understanding psychedelic mystical experience a case example", "authors": "Turkia M.", "abstract": "In recent psychedelic therapy research, the concept of 'mystical experience' has been highlighted, as in several studies it has been identified as a significant predictor of improved outcome. Many studies mentioning the concept, for example, reports of randomized clinical trials, typically do not provide detailed examples of such experiences, however. In order to make the concept easily understandable, this case study aims at exemplifying what kinds of unexplainable or 'mystical' phenomena may emerge in the process of psychedelic therapy, how these experiences are related to treatment outcomes, and what kinds of attitudes clinicians might want to adopt when facing such situations. The present case concerns a man in his forties with family trauma that happened before his birth. The trauma continually affected his life, leading to alienation from his parents after his teenage years. After more than two decades, interest in psychedelic therapy led him to attend a psilocybin session, in which he relived the family trauma. As a result, he rebuilt his relationship with his parents, as well as the relationship between his parents and his children. Another psilocybin session a year later led to an improved relationship with his wife. A third session with MDMA released embodied, job-related stress. Inspired by his experiences of such therapy, also his father attended a psilocybin session. Information was acquired from semi-structured retrospective interviews.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-03-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/dh92g", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dh92g", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:21", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR628940\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3767, "title": "Underground small-group therapy of treatment-resistant depression and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) with psilocybin-A retrospective case study", "normalized_title": "underground small group therapy of treatment resistant depression and complex post traumatic stress disorder c ptsd with psilocybin a retrospective case study", "authors": "Turkia M.", "abstract": "While a relatively large body of research exists on many aspects of psychedelic therapy, articles describing a complete, successful treatment process are rarely found. This article therefore presents a case of a woman in her early forties with early complex trauma due to domestic violence, sexual abuse and poverty in her childhood, resulting in approximately three decades of treatment resistant depression. Antidepressive medications did not alleviate her depression but resulted in adverse effects and an eventual discontinuation of the medications. Eventually the woman resorted to 'mixed-method' underground small-group sessions that utilized breathing exercises, cold exposure, physical exercises, music, and psilocybin mushrooms. Psilocybin appeared to interrupt trauma-related dissociation, producing an 'anti-dissociative' effect, allowing the woman to re-experience, in a controlled setting, dissociated physical sensations produced by earlier overwhelming events. After a period of approximately 1.5 years, during which time she had six psilocybin sessions, either individually, in the small group, or with friends, she achieved a remission of her depression. A follow-up interview 2.5 years later indicated permanence of the result. Information was acquired from semi-structured retrospective interviews with a total duration of approximately eight hours. This case study may facilitate an improved understanding of the requirements for and the process of alleviating or resolving treatment-resistant depression with psychedelics. Recent clinical trials have utilized one or two doses of psilocybin. This case illustrates the need for adopting a multi-dose strategy over an extended period of time in order to achieve remission.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-03-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/t6k9b", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/t6k9b", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:19", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR628942\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3305, "title": "Understanding psychedelic 'mystical experience'-A case example", "normalized_title": "understanding psychedelic mystical experience a case example", "authors": "", "abstract": "In recent psychedelic therapy research, the concept of 'mystical experience' has been highlighted, as in several studies it has been identified as a significant predictor of improved outcome. Many studies mentioning the concept, for example, reports of randomized clinical trials, typically do not provide detailed examples of such experiences, however. In order to make the concept easily understandable, this case study aims at exemplifying what kinds of unexplainable or 'mystical' phenomena may emerge in the process of psychedelic therapy, how these experiences are related to treatment outcomes, and what kinds of attitudes clinicians might want to adopt when facing such situations. The present case concerns a man in his forties with family trauma that happened before his birth. The trauma continually affected his life, leading to alienation from his parents after his teenage years. After more than two decades, interest in psychedelic therapy led him to attend a psilocybin session, in which he relived the family trauma. As a result, he rebuilt his relationship with his parents, as well as the relationship between his parents and his children. Another psilocybin session a year later led to an improved relationship with his wife. A third session with MDMA released embodied, job-related stress. Inspired by his experiences of such therapy, also his father attended a psilocybin session. Information was acquired from semi-structured retrospective interviews.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-03-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/dh92g_v1", "keywords": "C-PTSD, family therapy, MDMA, neonatal death, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic therapy, PTSD, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Anxiety Disorders, Social and Personality Psychology, Social Well-being, Trauma and Stress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"dh92g_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,PTSD,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3207, "title": "Underground small-group therapy of treatment-resistant depression and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) with psilocybin-A retrospective case study", "normalized_title": "underground small group therapy of treatment resistant depression and complex post traumatic stress disorder c ptsd with psilocybin a retrospective case study", "authors": "", "abstract": "While a relatively large body of research exists on many aspects of psychedelic therapy, articles describing a complete, successful treatment process are rarely found. This article therefore presents a case of a woman in her early forties with early complex trauma due to domestic violence, sexual abuse and poverty in her childhood, resulting in approximately three decades of treatment resistant depression. Antidepressive medications did not alleviate her depression but resulted in adverse effects and an eventual discontinuation of the medications. Eventually the woman resorted to 'mixed-method' underground small-group sessions that utilized breathing exercises, cold exposure, physical exercises, music, and psilocybin mushrooms. Psilocybin appeared to interrupt trauma-related dissociation, producing an 'anti-dissociative' effect, allowing the woman to re-experience, in a controlled setting, dissociated physical sensations produced by earlier overwhelming events. After a period of approximately 1.5 years, during which time she had six psilocybin sessions, either individually, in the small group, or with friends, she achieved a remission of her depression. A follow-up interview 2.5 years later indicated permanence of the result. Information was acquired from semi-structured retrospective interviews with a total duration of approximately eight hours. This case study may facilitate an improved understanding of the requirements for and the process of alleviating or resolving treatment-resistant depression with psychedelics. Recent clinical trials have utilized one or two doses of psilocybin. This case illustrates the need for adopting a multi-dose strategy over an extended period of time in order to achieve remission.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-03-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/t6k9b_v1", "keywords": "childhood sexual abuse, C-PTSD, domestic violence, hypnotherapy, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic therapy, treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Psychotherapy, Trauma and Stress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"t6k9b_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1542, "title": "Pharmacotherapies for Treatment-Resistant Depression: How Antipsychotics Fit in the Rapidly Evolving Therapeutic Landscape.", "normalized_title": "pharmacotherapies for treatment resistant depression how antipsychotics fit in the rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape", "authors": "Jha MK, Mathew SJ.", "abstract": "One in three adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not experience clinically significant improvement after multiple sequential courses of antidepressants and have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The presence of TRD contributes to the morbidity and excess mortality associated with MDD and has been linked to significantly increased health care expenses. In the absence of a consensus definition of TRD, this report takes a broad approach by considering inadequate response to one or more courses of antidepressants and focuses on atypical antipsychotics that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treatment of depression (aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, cariprazine, extended-release quetiapine, and olanzapine-fluoxetine combination). While multiple acute-phase studies have demonstrated the efficacy of these medications in improving depressive symptoms, clinically meaningful improvement (i.e., remission) remains limited, with significant concerns about side effects (including weight gain, metabolic dysfunction, extrapyramidal symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia), especially with long-term use. With the rapidly evolving landscape of antidepressant treatments over the past few years, which has witnessed approval of rapid-acting antidepressants (e.g., esketamine nasal spray and dextromethorphan-bupropion combination) and several more in the late-stage pipeline (e.g., zuranolone and psilocybin), it remains to be seen whether the use of atypical antipsychotics will go the way of the older and rarely prescribed antidepressants (such as tricyclics and monoamine oxidase inhibitors). Pragmatic clinical trials are needed to compare the effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics with TRD-specific pharmacotherapies and neuromodulation treatments and to identify the optimal sequencing of these varied approaches for patients with MDD. When using atypical antipsychotics, clinicians and patients are encouraged to use a shared decision-making approach by personalizing treatment selection based on anticipated side effects, tolerability, cost, and feasibility.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-02-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230025", "pubmed_id": "36855876", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230025", "keywords": "Humans, Antipsychotic Agents, Depression, Adult, United States, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Aripiprazole, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36855876\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1534, "title": "A Single Administration of Psilocybin Persistently Rescues Cognitive Deficits Caused by Adolescent Chronic Restraint Stress Without Long-Term Changes in Synaptic Protein Gene Expression in a Rat Experimental System with Translational Relevance to Depression", "normalized_title": "a single administration of psilocybin persistently rescues cognitive deficits caused by adolescent chronic restraint stress without long term changes in synaptic protein gene expression in a rat experimental system with translational relevance to depression", "authors": "Meghan Hibicke, Hannah M. Kramer, Charles D. Nichols", "abstract": "Introduction: Psilocybin has shown long-lasting antidepressant effects in preclinical and clinical trials, but the mechanisms responsible are unclear. As both passive coping strategies and pattern separation deficits are characteristics of major depression, we used adult female rats subjected to adolescent chronic restraint stress (aCRS) to investigate the effects of psilocybin on forced swim test (FST) and object pattern separation (OPS) behaviors 5 weeks after a single administration. Methods: Adolescent rats were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups-not restrained/saline, not restrained/psilocybin, restrained/saline, and restrained/psilocybin. Restrained group rats were restrained for 1 h daily from day 1 through day 14. Saline and psilocybin were administered on day 21, OPS was evaluated on days 51-55, forced swim behavior was evaluated on day 57 or 58, and animals were sacrificed on day 63. Brains were removed and the medial prefrontal cortex, dorsal dentate gyrus, dorsal CA3 hippocampal area, and ventral hippocampus were microdissected out and prepared for mRNA analysis of a panel of genes relevant to synaptic plasticity using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Psilocybin rescued cognitive function in aCRS rats in both assays, but did not affect either measure in nonstressed rats. Immobility in the FST was correlated with impaired discrimination ability in the OPS. No differences in mRNA expression for a panel of genes related to structural synaptic proteins were observed between groups, although stress was a significant contributor to variability of the gene for glutamate metabotropic receptor 2 ( Grm2 ) in two hippocampal regions. Conclusions: Our data indicate that aCRS and OPS represent a powerful system with translational relevance to study depression, and that a single treatment with psilocybin has long-lasting antidepressant-like effects without long-term alterations of mRNA related to synaptic density in brain areas relevant to depression.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-02-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2022.0012", "pubmed_id": "40047006", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2022.0012", "keywords": "Neuroscience, Cognition, Psilocybin, Psychology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":25,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W496281\",\"https://openalex.org/W1483755689\",\"https://openalex.org/W1504181864\",\"https://openalex.org/W1558137567\",\"https://openalex.org/W1653678085\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965558640\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972928390\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976729520\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977694851\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983399941\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988474369\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001243727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005354224\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011204842\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012438895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013598219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020371486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024942419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034861313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039108005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042404539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046365217\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048740604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050123488\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055096975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057200138\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063719286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064148637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071289935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074897360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082068743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082305818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085758661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089299823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092869092\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105520948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109718163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131360673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132158939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137978956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143648030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146316688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147109950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160115379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162661740\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163709008\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165107373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2212064423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319857727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398800790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2400665110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581621059\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596554562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596798372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604795661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2614237850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2742985209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2759625724\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801418002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802678418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2805248302\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883934266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888139965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890187437\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933363539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967602434\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009608926\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010604170\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035142336\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105750152\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111109377\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128197953\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165684389\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166424032\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197859851\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203928800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205085416\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210974819\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281869157\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282963889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283700520\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283718372\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008298741\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan Hibicke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9394-9789\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054801512\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah M. Kramer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062966169\",\"display_name\":\"Charles D. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-0646\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2022.0012\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Adolescents,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4323041020" }, { "id": 4848, "title": "The History, Legalization and Potentials of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "the history legalization and potentials of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Jeffery Heilman", "abstract": "The potential benefits and deficits of the chemical compound psilocybin, particularly when paired with psychotherapeutic interventions, have been increasingly apparent top­ics of interest in social, academic, and scientific circles. The unusual nature of psilocybin poses many questions in Western culture. Three of them, which will be discussed in the following review, are (1) What is psilocybin? (2) What is psilocybin-assisted psychother­apy? and (3) What are the potential advantages and disadvantages of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy? Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is an innovative treatment that has not had the opportunity to be well-studied; as a result, the topic is currently shrouded in controversy and confusion. However, a recent series of clinical trials and research projects involving psilocybin-assisted interventions have yielded significant and beneficial results; indeed, additional trials are under way. The interventions studied include the treatment of end-of-life anxiety, depression, and existential distress in patients with terminal cancer, tobacco addiction, and treatment-resistant major-depressive disorder. Investigation into the known history, uses, relevance, and therapeutic effects of psilocybin-assisted psy­chotherapy require a careful inquiry, as these interventions are making an unavoidable and profound impact on contemporary American psychological culture as well as society in general. The current review attempts to describe psilocybin’s shamanic roots, known history, legal controversy, psychotherapy, and contemporary neuroscience research.", "journal": "Journal of Scientific Exploration", "publication_date": "2023-02-10", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31275/20222633", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.31275/20222633", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychological intervention, Hallucinogen, Distress, Legalization, Relevance (law), Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Political science, Law, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4320035163\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4320035163\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W60326299\",\"https://openalex.org/W99126694\",\"https://openalex.org/W159648164\",\"https://openalex.org/W1537216698\",\"https://openalex.org/W1573195852\",\"https://openalex.org/W1726268257\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990958891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033047816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047924458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054460669\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071088516\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093994427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118962074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147546041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2304609394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2309265562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2320330123\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340870745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2681791877\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810011425\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899405464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943654841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944337860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951624964\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3037497292\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108542386\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118857539\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199318186\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215511316\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231194915\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234837990\",\"https://openalex.org/W4253016188\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288400169\",\"https://openalex.org/W6800267556\",\"https://openalex.org/W6902956737\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081103705\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffery Heilman\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S42616313\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Scientific Exploration\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.31275/20222633\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4320035163" }, { "id": 1563, "title": "Therapeutic effect of psilocybin in addiction: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic effect of psilocybin in addiction a systematic review", "authors": "van der Meer PB, Fuentes JJ, Kaptein AA, Schoones JW, de Waal MM, Goudriaan AE, Kramers K, Schellekens A, Somers M, Bossong MG, Batalla A.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelic-assisted therapy [e.g., with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)] has shown promising results as treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs). Previous systematic reviews assessing the efficacy of psilocybin in SUDs only included clinical trials conducted in the last 25 years, but they may have missed clinical trials assessing the efficacy of psilocybin that were conducted before the 1980s, given much research has been done with psychedelics in the mid-20th century. In this systematic review, we specifically assessed the efficacy of psilocybin in patients with a SUD or non-substance-related disorder with no publication date restrictions in our search strategy.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines from the earliest published manuscript up to September 2, 2022, in seven electronic databases, including clinical trials in patients with a SUD or non-substance-related disorder evaluating the efficacy of psilocybin.ResultsA total of four studies (six articles, of which two articles were long-term follow-up results from the same trial) were included in this systematic review. Psilocybin-assisted therapy was administered to n = 151 patients in a dose ranging from 6 to 40 mg. Three studies focused on alcohol use disorder, and one study on tobacco use disorder. In a pilot study (n = 10), the percentage of heavy drinking days decreased significantly between baseline and weeks 5-12 (mean difference of 26.0, 95% CI = 8.7-43.2, p = 0.008). In another single-arm study (n = 31), 32% (10/31) became completely abstinent from alcohol (mean duration of follow-up 6 years). In a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial (RCT, n = 95), the percentage of heavy drinking days during the 32-week double-blind period was significantly lower for psilocybin compared to placebo (mean difference of 13.9, 95% CI = 3.0-24.7, p = 0.01). In a pilot study (n = 15), the 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence at 26 weeks was 80% (12/15), and at 52 weeks 67% (10/15).ConclusionOnly one RCT and three small clinical trials were identified assessing the efficacy of psilocybin combined with some form of psychotherapy in patients with alcohol and tobacco use disorder. All four clinical trials indicated a beneficial effect of psilocybin-assisted therapy on SUD symptoms. Larger RCTs in patients with SUDs need to evaluate whether psilocybin-assisted therapy is effective in patients with SUD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-02-08", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1134454", "pubmed_id": "36846225", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1134454", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36846225\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1502, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin for a treatment-resistant episode of major depression: Impact on patient-reported depression severity, anxiety, function, and quality of life", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for a treatment resistant episode of major depression impact on patient reported depression severity anxiety function and quality of life", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Oscar Alvarez, Merve Atli, James Bennett, Megan Croal, Charles DeBattista, Boadie W. Dunlop, David Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, John R. Kelly, Molly Lennard-Jones, Rasmus Wentzer Licht, Lindsey Marwood, Sunil Mistry, Tomáš Páleníček, Ozlem Redjep, Dimitris Repantis, Robert A. Schoevers, Batya Septimus, Hollie Simmons, Jair C. Soares, Metten Somers, S. C. Stansfield, Jessica R. Stuart, Hannah H. Tadley, Nisha K. Thiara, Joyce Tsai, Mourad Wahba, Sam Williams, Rachel I. Winzer, Allan H. Young, Matthew B. Young, Sid Zisook, Ekaterina Malievskaia", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: COMP360 is a proprietary, synthetic formulation of psilocybin being developed for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), a burdensome, life-threatening illness with high global impact. Here, we expand upon the previous report of primary outcomes from a phase 2 study of COMP360 in individuals with TRD-the largest randomised controlled clinical trial of psilocybin-to discuss findings of the exploratory efficacy endpoints. METHODS: In this phase 2, double-blind trial, 233 participants with TRD were randomised to receive a single dose of psilocybin 25 mg, 10 mg, or 1 mg (control), administered alongside psychological support from trained therapists. Efficacy measures assessed patient-reported depression severity, anxiety, positive and negative affect, functioning and associated disability, quality of life, and cognitive function. RESULTS: At Week 3, psilocybin 25 mg, compared with 1 mg, was associated with greater improvements from Baseline total scores in all measures. The 10 mg dose produced smaller effects across these measures. LIMITATIONS: Interpretation of this trial is limited by the absence of an active comparator and the possibility of functional unblinding in participants who received a low dose of psilocybin. CONCLUSIONS: Three weeks after dosing, psilocybin 25 mg and, to a lesser degree, 10 mg improved measures of patient-reported depression severity, anxiety, affect, and functioning. These results extend the primary findings from the largest randomised clinical trial of psilocybin for TRD to examine other outcomes that are of importance to patients.", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2023-02-02", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.108", "pubmed_id": "36740140", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.108", "keywords": "Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Quality of life (healthcare), Psychology, Major depressive episode, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Psychotherapist, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":167,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024075080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058805315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096230543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115905656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473786944\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810880335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888254436\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912070790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945505543\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000386776\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023930846\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112905453\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127348774\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200347272\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031562832\",\"display_name\":\"Oscar Alvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101823997\",\"display_name\":\"James Bennett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4930-2638\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030186541\",\"display_name\":\"Charles DeBattista\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. 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Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033335673\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Lennard-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083653322\",\"display_name\":\"Rasmus Wentzer Licht\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8095-3490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056888000\",\"display_name\":\"Tomáš Páleníček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-9539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027641311\",\"display_name\":\"Ozlem Redjep\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012350581\",\"display_name\":\"Dimitris Repantis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-6286\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041672101\",\"display_name\":\"Batya Septimus\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082192669\",\"display_name\":\"Jair C. Soares\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110958562\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica R. Stuart\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083314856\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah H. Tadley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033560856\",\"display_name\":\"Nisha K. Thiara\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111726730\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002735246\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel I. Winzer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091177873\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-3190\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111647932\",\"display_name\":\"Sid Zisook\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.108\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4319067008" }, { "id": 3695, "title": "SV2A Marker of Synaptogenesis in a Clinical Trial of Psilocybin for Depression", "normalized_title": "sv2a marker of synaptogenesis in a clinical trial of psilocybin for depression", "authors": "Washington University School of Medicine", "abstract": "Participants with depression will be given a single dose of psilocybin and supportive psychotherapy before, during, and after drug administration. Participants will undergo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging before and one week after psilocybin using a marker of synaptic density. This design allows us to assess the relationship between neurotrophic, and antidepressant effects produced by psilocybin. The investigators are studying the neurotrophic effects of psilocybin using 11C-UCB-J, a PET marker for synaptogenesis. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic and exerts perceptual effects via 5-HT2A receptor agonism. Psilocybin has gained a great deal of attention as a tool for psychiatric treatment, with clinical trials demonstrating symptom relief after a single dose that is immediate and persists for months. Recognizing the therapeutic potential of psilocybin, the US Food and Drug Administration granted breakthrough therapy status to the Usona Institute for Phase 2 testing of psilocybin in depression. Animal models suggest that psychedelics exert antidepressant effects by producing a rapid and powerful neurotrophic response in the brain. The investigators will enroll patients with major depressive disorder and anhedonia. Participants will be given a single dose of psilocybin and supportive psychotherapy before, during, and after drug administration. Participants will undergo PET imaging before and one week after drug using 11C-UCB-J, a radiotracer that binds to SV2A - a marker of synaptic density and synaptogenesis. This design allows the investigators to assess the relationship between neurotrophic, and antidepressant effects produced by psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-01-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05601648", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Anhedonia, Psilocybin, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05601648\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1566, "title": "Corrigendum to 'Single-dose psilocybin-assisted therapy in major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial'.", "normalized_title": "corrigendum to single dose psilocybin assisted therapy in major depressive disorder a placebo controlled double blind randomised clinical trial", "authors": "von Rotz R, Schindowski EM, Jungwirth J, Schuldt A, Rieser NM, Zahoranszky K, Seifritz E, Nowak A, Nowak P, Jäncke L, Preller KH, Vollenweider FX.", "abstract": "[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809.].", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-01-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101841", "pubmed_id": "36747965", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101841", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36747965\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1575, "title": "Medications for the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence-Current State of Knowledge and Future Perspectives from a Public Health Perspective.", "normalized_title": "medications for the treatment of alcohol dependence current state of knowledge and future perspectives from a public health perspective", "authors": "Stokłosa I, Więckiewicz G, Stokłosa M, Piegza M, Pudlo R, Gorczyca P.", "abstract": "No single effective therapy for alcohol abuse has been found, despite it being a serious sociological and economic problem for hundreds of years. It seems difficult to find a single drug as a panacea for the alcohol problem due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence. The purpose of this narrative review is to review existing and potentially future pharmaceuticals for the treatment of alcohol dependence in the most affordable way possible. Psychotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for alcoholism, while few drugs approved by legislators are available in the augmentation of this treatment, such as acamprosate, disulfiram, and naltrexone, approved by the FDA, and nalmefene by the EMA. There are recent reports in the literature on the possibility of using baclofen, topiramate, varenicline, and gabapentin in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Moreover, the results of recent clinical trials using psychoactive substances such as psilocybin and MDMA appear to be a breakthrough in the modern treatment of alcohol abuse. Despite this initial optimism, a lot of scientific effort is still needed before new pharmacological methods supporting the treatment of alcohol dependence syndrome will be widely available.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-01-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/ijerph20031870", "pubmed_id": "36767234", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031870", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Disulfiram, Taurine, Alcohol Deterrents, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Public Health, Acamprosate", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36767234\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3568, "title": "Pilot Trial of Visual Healing®, a Nature-themed Virtual Immersive Experience, to Optimize Set and Setting in Psilocybin-assisted Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "pilot trial of visual healing a nature themed virtual immersive experience to optimize set and setting in psilocybin assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Keith Heinzerling", "abstract": "Twenty participants, age 18 or older, who meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for moderate to severe Alcohol Use Disorder will be randomized to open-label psilocybin (25 mg) therapy with the Visual Healing Set and Setting platform (N=10) versus psilocybin (25 mg) with a standard Set and Setting platform (N=10). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and tolerability of adding Visual Healing, a nature-themed virtual immersive program, to psilocybin-assisted therapy among participants with alcohol use disorder. The objective of the study is to test a strategy for optimizing Set and Setting for psilocybin-assisted therapy of alcohol use disorder. Psilocybin shows promise in early trials for alcohol use disorder, but initial results suggest that patients with alcohol use disorder may be less likely to achieve a mystical experience with standard doses of psilocybin. Optimizing Set and Setting for the psilocybin experience may improve outcomes without requiring higher drug doses. The current study will complete a pilot randomized clinical trial to assess the feasibility, safety, and tolerability of Visual Healing Set and Setting (N=10) versus standard Set and Setting procedures (N=10) in participants with alcohol use disorder undergoing open-label psilocybin 25 mg therapy. In the Visual Healing condition, participants will view nature-themed video programs during the Prep session and during the Ascent phase of the psilocybin experience. Anecdotal reports and reviews suggest that viewing Visual Healing creates a tranquil and calming environment that fosters a stronger connection between the viewer and nature. Psilocybin increases the users feeling of connection to nature and having an intention to connect with nature during the psychedelic session is associated with better outcomes of psychedelic-assisted therapy in initial studies. Reducing pre-dosing anxiety/apprehension and enhancing connections to nature with Visual Healing may improve outcomes of psychedelic-assisted therapy without the need for higher psilocybin doses.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-01-16", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04410913", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin plus Visual Healing Set and Setting, Psilocybin plus Standard Set and Setting, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04410913\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Addiction,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4884, "title": "Withdrawal of antidepressants does not impact the efficacy of COMP360 psilocybin therapy: results from a phase IIb randomised controlled trial", "normalized_title": "withdrawal of antidepressants does not impact the efficacy of comp360 psilocybin therapy results from a phase iib randomised controlled trial", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Megan Croal, J. Chai-Rees, Lindsey Marwood, S. Mistry, Anna Nowakowska, H. Clifton Simmons, Jeng-Yu Tsai", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103487", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103487", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390222321\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390222321\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093581995\",\"display_name\":\"J. Chai-Rees\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108394445\",\"display_name\":\"S. Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036831540\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Nowakowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4016-1522\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110391116\",\"display_name\":\"H. Clifton Simmons\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5738-5771\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008221825\",\"display_name\":\"Jeng-Yu Tsai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-3744\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103487\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390222321" }, { "id": 4878, "title": "Going on Trial: Serotonin drug; psilocybin phase 2; placebo response data", "normalized_title": "going on trial serotonin drug psilocybin phase 2 placebo response data", "authors": "Peter Hess", "abstract": "Welcome to the April edition of Going on Trial, a monthly newsletter covering clinical trials and drug development for autism and related conditions. In this issue, we're talking about a serotonin agonist's path to trial for autism, debate around a trial of psilocybin for fragile X syndrome and an analysis of placebo responses in a clinical trial of the vasopressin blocker balovaptan.", "journal": "The Transmitter", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.53053/etcr6498", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.53053/etcr6498", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Placebo, Placebo response, Drug, Serotonin, Pharmacology, Drug trial, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Clinical trial, Psychology, Internal medicine, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4367666053\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4367666053\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2099168883\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887399686\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179609913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310700160\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362535405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365151047\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081353815\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Hess\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210215635\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Transmitter\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.53053/etcr6498\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4367666053" }, { "id": 4875, "title": "Going on Trial: Arbaclofen reboot; cell implants; psilocybin microdoses", "normalized_title": "going on trial arbaclofen reboot cell implants psilocybin microdoses", "authors": "Peter Hess", "abstract": "Going on Trial rounds up new developments in autism-related drug trials. This month we’re revisiting decade-old data from a trial of arbaclofen for fragile X syndrome and looking into a new implant-based approach to quelling seizures, among other treatment strategies.", "journal": "The Transmitter", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.53053/nbdr8957", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.53053/nbdr8957", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Reboot, Autism, Clinical trial, Implant, Medicine, Psychology, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Computer science, Surgery, Internal medicine, Operating system, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations, Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4317889950\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4317889950\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4293565886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296773739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310700160\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310956121\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081353815\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Hess\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210215635\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Transmitter\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.53053/nbdr8957\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Microdosing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4317889950" }, { "id": 1601, "title": "Should we be leery of being Leary? Concerns about psychedelic use by psychedelic researchers.", "normalized_title": "should we be leery of being leary concerns about psychedelic use by psychedelic researchers", "authors": "Kious B, Schwartz Z, Lewis B", "abstract": "Psychedelic research is proceeding rapidly, despite ongoing legal and regulatory barriers and lingering questions about study design, such as the difficulty of ensuring adequate blinding, the relative overrepresentation in studies of participants who have previously used psychedelics, and the importance of personal experience with psychedelics for those who provide psychedelic-assisted therapy. Here we wish to explore a distinct concern: whether personal use of psychedelics by researchers could threaten the objectivity and ethical conduct of psychedelic research itself. In 2020, Anderson et al. suggested that psychedelic use could lead even \"conservative individuals to become wildly enthusiastic about the potentials of psychedelics to heal and transform\". Recent popular press criticisms of psychedelic science, in particular critiques of the MAPS Phase II and Phase III MDMA-Assisted Therapy trials for PTSD, have also raised questions about whether personal use of psychedelic drugs by psychedelic therapists could compromise scientific objectivity, lead to the exploitation of research subjects, or promote biased reporting of results. Here, we elaborate on and attempt to delimit these concerns, with the goal of informing policy related to psychedelic research and the eventual clinical use of psychedelics. In particular, we explore whether the possibility that psychedelic use can directly and positively affect investigators' enthusiasm about psychedelics themselves raises concerns about bias and scientific integrity. We then discuss several practical strategies to reduce perceived conflict of interest.", "journal": "Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221133461", "pubmed_id": "36377548", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36377548/", "keywords": "MDMA, Psychedelic, psilocybin, research ethics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36377548\"}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1577, "title": "On blinding and suicide risk in a recent trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "on blinding and suicide risk in a recent trial of psilocybin assisted therapy for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Natalie Gukasyan", "abstract": "", "journal": "Med", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.medj.2022.12.003", "pubmed_id": "36640755", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2022.12.003", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Blinding, Depression (economics), Expectancy theory, Adverse effect, Medicine, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Internal medicine, Cognition, Social psychology, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4315874306\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4315874306\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2061442239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W6846521495\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210167770\",\"source_display_name\":\"Med\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2022.12.003\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4315874306" }, { "id": 1509, "title": "The Impact of Psilocybin on Patients Experiencing Psychiatric Symptoms: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "the impact of psilocybin on patients experiencing psychiatric symptoms a systematic review of randomized clinical trials", "authors": "IsHak WW, Garcia P, Pearl R, Dang J, William C, Totlani J, Danovitch I.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of psilocybin on patients experiencing psychiatric symptoms, with a focus on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and safety.Method of researchFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched the PubMed database and identified studies published from January 2011 to December 2021 pertaining to the impact of psilocybin on psychiatric symptoms. Two authors independently conducted a focused analysis and reached a final consensus on five studies meeting the specific selection criteria. Study bias was addressed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.ResultsThe impact of psilocybin on psychiatric symptoms was examined in five randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Four studies administered 1 to 2 doses of psilocybin, with doses ranging from 14mg/70kg to 30mg/70kg, and one study administered a fixed dose of 25mg to all participants. Administration of psilocybin resulted in significant and sustained reduction in symptoms of anxiety and depression, enhanced sense of wellbeing, life satisfaction, and positive mood immediately after psilocybin administration and up to six months after conclusion of treatment. All studies included some form of psychotherapy, and none reported serious adverse effects.ConclusionRCTs show the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as improvement in HRQoL, and no serious side effects. However, additional research is necessary to characterize predictors of treatment response, patient screening requirements, effectiveness in broader clinical populations, and guidelines for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "37387703", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/37387703", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37387703\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1402, "title": "Scoping Review of Experiential Measures from Psychedelic Research and Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "scoping review of experiential measures from psychedelic research and clinical trials", "authors": "Herrmann Z, Earleywine M, De Leo J, Slabaugh S, Kenny T, Rush AJ", "abstract": "Subjective responses to psychoactive drugs have served as intriguing windows into consciousness as well as useful predictors. Subjective reactions to psychedelic molecules are particularly interesting given how they covary with subsequent improvements associated with psychedelic-assisted treatments. Although links between subjective reactions and decreases in treatment-resistant clinical depression, end-of-life anxiety, and maladaptive consumption of alcohol and nicotine appear in the empirical literature, the measurement of these subjective responses has proven difficult. Several scales developed over many decades show reasonable internal consistency. Studies suggest that many have a replicable factor structure and other good psychometric properties, but samples are often small and self-selected. We review the psychometric properties of some of the most widely used scales and detail their links to improvement in response to psychedelic-assisted treatments. Generally, assessments of mystical experiences or oceanic boundlessness correlate with improvements. Challenging subjective experiences, psychological insight, and emotional breakthroughs also show considerable promise, though replication would strengthen conclusions. We suggest a collaborative approach where investigators can focus on key responses to ensure that the field will eventually have data from many participants who report their subjective reactions to psychedelic molecules in a therapeutic setting. This may aid in predicting improvement amongst targeted conditions and wellbeing.", "journal": "Journal of psychoactive drugs", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2022.2125467", "pubmed_id": "36127639", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36127639/", "keywords": "Mystical experience questionnaire, hallucinogens, oceanic boundlessness, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36127639\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1399, "title": "An Assessment of Psychedelic Knowledge Among People Using Psychedelics Naturalistically.", "normalized_title": "an assessment of psychedelic knowledge among people using psychedelics naturalistically", "authors": "Kruger DJ, Glynos NG, Fields CW, Herberholz M, Boehnke KF", "abstract": "Identifying gaps and strengths in psychedelic-related knowledge is key to developing effective, evidence-based education to inform appropriate use of and harm reduction practices for psychedelics in the naturalistic use landscape. The current study piloted an assessment instrument with questions on legal status, therapeutic potential, and side effects of psychedelics among people reporting current psychedelic use. We recruited participants ( = 1435) at a psychedelic advocacy event and through psychedelic interest groups on social media. Respondents completed a brief survey of psychedelic use and psychedelic knowledge. Items assessed basic knowledge of various topics surrounding psychedelics, such as legal status, active compounds, and known therapeutic efficacy based on the clinical trial literature. Respondents who had used greater numbers of different psychedelics, with higher levels of education, lower age, greater frequency of psychedelic use, identifying as male, used high doses (vs. microdosing only), identifying as Caucasian/White, and with greater annual household income answered more questions correctly. Most respondents exhibited high knowledge of psychedelics, though there is also a demonstrated need for education and outreach, especially in under-represented communities.", "journal": "Journal of psychoactive drugs", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2022.2142709", "pubmed_id": "36328419", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36328419/", "keywords": "DMT, LSD, Psychedelics, knowledge, psilocybin, therapeutic use", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36328419\"}", "topic_tags": "Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1361, "title": "Bedside to bench: the outlook for psychedelic research.", "normalized_title": "bedside to bench the outlook for psychedelic research", "authors": "Acero VP, Cribas ES, Browne KD, Rivellini O, Burrell JC, O'Donnell JC, Das S, Cullen DK", "abstract": "There has recently been a resurgence of interest in psychedelic compounds based on studies demonstrating their potential therapeutic applications in treating post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse disorders, and treatment-resistant depression. Despite promising efficacy observed in some clinical trials, the full range of biological effects and mechanism(s) of action of these compounds have yet to be fully established. Indeed, most studies to date have focused on assessing the psychological mechanisms of psychedelics, often neglecting the non-psychological modes of action. However, it is important to understand that psychedelics may mediate their therapeutic effects through multi-faceted mechanisms, such as the modulation of brain network activity, neuronal plasticity, neuroendocrine function, glial cell regulation, epigenetic processes, and the gut-brain axis. This review provides a framework supporting the implementation of a multi-faceted approach, incorporating, and modeling, to aid in the comprehensive understanding of the physiological effects of psychedelics and their potential for clinical application beyond the treatment of psychiatric disorders. We also provide an overview of the literature supporting the potential utility of psychedelics for the treatment of brain injury (e.g., stroke and traumatic brain injury), neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases), and gut-brain axis dysfunction associated with psychiatric disorders (e.g., generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder). To move the field forward, we outline advantageous experimental frameworks to explore these and other novel applications for psychedelics.", "journal": "Frontiers in pharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2023.1240295", "pubmed_id": "37869749", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37869749/", "keywords": "DMT, MDMA, ayahuasca, ketamine, mechanism of action (MOA), psilocybin, psychedelics, salvinorin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37869749\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Epigenetics,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1256, "title": "Psychedelics, epilepsy, and seizures: a review.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics epilepsy and seizures a review", "authors": "Freidel N, Kreuder L, Rabinovitch BS, Chen FY, Huang RST, Lewis EC", "abstract": "Psychedelic compounds have been utilized by humans for centuries for medicinal, religious, and tribal purposes. Clinical trial data starting from the early 2000s and continuing today indicates that psychedelics are a clinically efficacious treatment for a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, all clinical trials examining these substances have excluded any individual with a past or current history of seizures, leaving a large cohort of epilepsy and non-epilepsy chronic seizure disorder patients without anywhere to turn for psychedelic-assisted therapy. These exclusions were made despite any significant evidence that clinically supervised psychedelic use causes or exacerbates seizures in this population. To date, no clinical trial or preclinical seizure model has demonstrated that psychedelics induce seizures. This review highlights several cases of individuals experiencing seizures or seizure remission following psychedelic use, with the overall trend being that psychedelics are safe for use in a controlled, supervised clinical setting. We also suggest future research directions for this field.", "journal": "Frontiers in pharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2023.1326815", "pubmed_id": "38283836", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38283836/", "keywords": "LSD, MDMA, epilepsy, ketamine, magic mushrooms, psilocybin, psychedelics, seizures", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:37", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"38283836\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1567, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin-assisted therapy in major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin assisted therapy in major depressive disorder a placebo controlled double blind randomised clinical trial", "authors": "Robin von Rotz, Eva Maria Schindowski, Johannes Jungwirth, Anna Schuldt, Nathalie M. Rieser, Katharina Zahoranszky, Erich Seifritz, Albina Nowak, Peter J.C.M. Nowak, Lutz Jäncke, Katrin H. Preller, Franz X. Vollenweider", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin has been suggested as a novel, rapid-acting treatment for depression. Two consecutive doses have been shown to markedly decrease symptom severity in an open-label setting or when compared to a waiting list group. To date, to our knowledge, no other trial compared a single, moderate dose of psilocybin to a placebo condition. Methods: In this double-blind, randomised clinical trial, 52 participants diagnosed with major depressive disorder and no unstable somatic conditions were allocated to receive either a single, moderate dose (0.215 mg/kg body weight) of psilocybin or placebo in conjunction with psychological support. MADRS and BDI scores were assessed to estimate depression severity, while changes from baseline to 14 days after the intervention were defined as primary endpoints. The trial took place between April 11th, 2019 and October 12th, 2021 at the psychiatric university hospital in Zürich, Switzerland and was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03715127). Findings: = 0.67; P = 0.019; BDI) 14 days after the intervention. 14/26 (54%) participants met the MADRS remission criteria in the psilocybin condition. Interpretation: These results suggest that a single, moderate dose of psilocybin significantly reduces depressive symptoms compared to a placebo condition for at least two weeks. No serious adverse events were recorded. Larger, multi-centric trials with longer follow-up periods are needed to inform further optimisation of this novel treatment paradigm. Funding: The study was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, Crowdfunding, the Swiss Neuromatrix Foundation, and the Heffter Research Institute.", "journal": "EClinicalMedicine", "publication_date": "2022-12-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809", "pubmed_id": "36636296", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Placebo, Medicine, Depression (economics), Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Double blind, Major depressive disorder, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Pathology, Amygdala, Alternative medicine, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":343,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1966923154\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991064387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123488676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145998697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171340584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943320709\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954134279\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124059976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210625095\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W6784604619\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058976475\",\"display_name\":\"Robin von Rotz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4087-3650\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023657656\",\"display_name\":\"Eva Maria Schindowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-6902\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004899435\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes Jungwirth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8142-5874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062524931\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Schuldt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050105328\",\"display_name\":\"Nathalie M. Rieser\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5804-1409\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004313074\",\"display_name\":\"Katharina Zahoranszky\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054205916\",\"display_name\":\"Albina Nowak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109160166\",\"display_name\":\"Peter J.C.M. Nowak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032741510\",\"display_name\":\"Lutz Jäncke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2110-9067\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898347799\",\"source_display_name\":\"EClinicalMedicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313530670" }, { "id": 4893, "title": "High dose of psilocybin effective for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "high dose of psilocybin effective for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Adults with treatment-resistant depression who received a single 25-mg dose of psilocybin saw significant improvement in depressive symptoms relative to a control dose at 3 weeks, a Phase 2b trial has found. A smaller 10-mg dose of psilocybin did not result in significant improvement over the control dose of 1 mg, and adverse events were common in both of the higher-dose groups. Study results were published in the Nov. 3, 2022 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2022-12-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1002/pu.30970", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30970", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Medicine, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312206785\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312206785\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30970\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4312206785" }, { "id": 1620, "title": "“A sense of the bigger picture:” A qualitative analysis of follow-up interviews with people with bipolar disorder who self-reported psilocybin use", "normalized_title": "a sense of the bigger picture a qualitative analysis of follow up interviews with people with bipolar disorder who self reported psilocybin use", "authors": "Meghan DellaCrosse, Mollie Pleet, Emma Morton, Amir Ashtari, Kimberly Sakai, Josh Woolley, Erin E. Michalak", "abstract": "OBJECTIVES: People with bipolar disorder (BD) spend more time depressed than manic/hypomanic, and depression is associated with greater impairments in psychosocial functioning and quality of life than mania/hypomania. Emerging evidence suggests psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in \"magic mushrooms,\" is a promising treatment for unipolar depression. Clinical trials of psilocybin therapy have excluded people with BD as a precaution against possible adverse effects (e.g., mania). Our study centered the experiences of adults living with BD who consumed psilocybin-containing mushrooms, and aimed to (1) understand its subjective impacts on BD symptoms, (2) deepen understanding of Phase I survey results, and (3) elucidate specific contextual factors associated with adverse reactions in naturalistic settings. METHODS: Following an international survey (Phase I), follow-up interviews were conducted with 15 respondents (Phase II) to further understand psilocybin use among adults with BD. As part of a larger mixed-methods explanatory sequential design study, reflexive thematic analysis was used to elaborate findings. RESULTS: Three major themes containing sub-themes were developed. (1) Mental Health Improvements: (1.1) decreased impact and severity of depression, (1.2) increased emotion processing, (1.3) development of new perspectives, and (1.4) greater relaxation and sleep. (2) Undesired Mental Health Impacts: (2.1) changes in sleep, (2.2) increased mania severity, (2.3) hospitalization, and (2.4) distressing sensory experiences. (3) Salient Contextual Factors for psilocybin use included: (3.1) poly-substance use and psilocybin dose, (3.2) solo versus social experiences, and (3.3) pre-psilocybin sleep deprivation. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate both benefits and risks of psilocybin use in this population. Carefully designed clinical trials focused on safety and preliminary efficacy are warranted.", "journal": "PLoS ONE", "publication_date": "2022-12-13", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0279073", "pubmed_id": "36516137", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279073", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hypomania, Mania, Bipolar disorder, Psychology, Psychiatry, Thematic analysis, Clinical psychology, Mental health, Psychosocial, Mood, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Qualitative research, Social science, Sociology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Bipolar Disorder and Treatment, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": 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DellaCrosse\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5554-277X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038432008\",\"display_name\":\"Mollie Pleet\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-4147\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048752706\",\"display_name\":\"Emma Morton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-1983\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006067386\",\"display_name\":\"Amir Ashtari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088265750\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Sakai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052144380\",\"display_name\":\"Josh Woolley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006308151\",\"display_name\":\"Erin E. Michalak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0812-6527\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S202381698\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS ONE\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279073\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4311439362" }, { "id": 1597, "title": "Risks and benefits of psilocybin use in people with bipolar disorder: An international web-based survey on experiences of ‘magic mushroom’ consumption", "normalized_title": "risks and benefits of psilocybin use in people with bipolar disorder an international web based survey on experiences of magic mushroom consumption", "authors": "Emma Morton, Kimberly Sakai, Amir Ashtari, Mollie Pleet, Erin E. Michalak, Josh Woolley", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin, the primary psychoactive component of psychedelic ‘magic mushrooms’, may have potential for treating depressive symptoms, and consequent applications for bipolar disorder (BD). Knowledge of the risks and benefits of psilocybin in BD is limited to case studies. Aim: To support the design of clinical trials, we surveyed experiences of psilocybin use in people with BD. Methods: An international web-based survey was used to explore experiences of psilocybin use in people with a self-reported diagnosis of BD. Quantitative findings were summarised using descriptive statistics. Qualitative content analysis was used to investigate free-text responses, with a focus on positive experiences of psilocybin use. Results: A total of 541 people completed the survey (46.4% female, mean 34.1 years old). One-third (32.2%; n = 174) of respondents described new/increasing symptoms after psilocybin trips, prominently manic symptoms, difficulties sleeping and anxiety. No differences in rates of adverse events overall were observed between individuals with BD I compared to BD II. Use of emergency medical services was rare ( n = 18; 3.3%), and respondents (even those who experienced adverse effects) indicated that psilocybin use was more helpful than harmful. Quantitative findings elaborated on perceived benefits, as well as the potential for psilocybin trips to contain both positively and negatively received elements. Conclusions: The subjective benefits of psilocybin use for mental health symptoms reported by survey participants encourage further investigation of psilocybin-based treatments for BD. Clinical trials should incorporate careful monitoring of symptoms, as data suggest that BD symptoms may emerge or intensify following psilocybin use.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-12-13", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221131997", "pubmed_id": "36515370", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221131997", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mushroom, Mushroom poisoning, Bipolar disorder, Psychiatry, Web survey, MAGIC (telescope), Psychology, Consumption (sociology), Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Business, Art, Biology, Cognition, Marketing, Food science, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Aesthetics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":72,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1531015715\",\"https://openalex.org/W1936382619\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967910109\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979687576\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982621879\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984344128\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984708171\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005405662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008814488\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014682444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032307757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046060667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048082839\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049172770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059116130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070200064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070454612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081401977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091677454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099945881\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110159781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114940817\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120917538\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128309600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142225512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150495094\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155204043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156579583\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161282771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167930802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168058604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168391307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186514509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2275915163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490303275\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2587579530\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2755651923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769860872\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789412903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791560250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896063467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899316941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911902447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2936730103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965468106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006460836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033157912\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043935161\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3123670341\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201512146\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201992062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048752706\",\"display_name\":\"Emma Morton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-1983\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088265750\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Sakai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006067386\",\"display_name\":\"Amir Ashtari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038432008\",\"display_name\":\"Mollie Pleet\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-4147\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006308151\",\"display_name\":\"Erin E. Michalak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0812-6527\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052144380\",\"display_name\":\"Josh Woolley\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221131997\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4311477082" }, { "id": 1518, "title": "Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Oral Psilocybin Administration in Healthy Participants", "normalized_title": "pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral psilocybin administration in healthy participants", "authors": "Friederike Holze, A. Becker, Karolina E. Kolaczynska, Urs Duthaler, Matthias E. Liechti", "abstract": "Psilocybin is being investigated as a potential treatment for psychiatric and neurological disorders. Only a few studies have evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of psilocybin and have used body weight-adjusted dosing. Data on PKs and the PK-pharmacodynamic (PD) relationship of fixed doses that are commonly used are unavailable. The present study characterized the PKs and PK-PD relationship of 15, 25, and 30 mg of orally administered psilocybin in 28, 23, and 28 healthy subjects, respectively. Plasma levels of unconjugated psilocin (the psychoactive metabolite of psilocybin) and corresponding subjective effects were repeatedly assessed up to 24 hours. PK parameters were determined using compartmental modeling. Concentration-subjective effect relationships were described using PK-PD modeling. Mean (95% confidence interval) maximal psilocin concentrations were 11 ng/mL (10-13), 17 ng/mL (16-19), and 21 ng/mL (19-24) after the administration of 15, 25, and 30 mg psilocybin, respectively. Maximal concentrations were reached after an average of 2 hours. Elimination half-lives were 1.8 hours (1.7-2.0), 1.4 hours (1.2-1.7), and 1.8 hours (1.6-1.9) for 15, 25, and 30 mg psilocybin, respectively. Mean (± SD) durations of subjective effects were 5.6 ± 2.2 hours, 5.5 ± 1.6 hours, and 6.4 ± 2.2 hours, and maximal effects (\"any drug\" effects) were 58% ± 25%, 73% ± 27%, and 80% ± 18% after 15, 25, and 30 mg psilocybin, respectively. Psilocin exhibited dose-proportional PKs. The duration and intensity of subjective effects were dose-dependent. Body weight did not influence pharmacokinetics or the response to psilocybin. These data may serve as a reference for future clinical trials.", "journal": "Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics", "publication_date": "2022-12-11", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1002/cpt.2821", "pubmed_id": "36507738", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.2821", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Metabolite, Dosing, Oral administration, Confidence interval, Medicine, Chemistry, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":116,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W135677869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055241614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2324227497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2415329247\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589071607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923436703\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983486486\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088200196\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113337956\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028081191\",\"display_name\":\"Friederike Holze\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-1519\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012996786\",\"display_name\":\"A. Becker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-7945\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055068028\",\"display_name\":\"Karolina E. Kolaczynska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1714-0758\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024133720\",\"display_name\":\"Urs Duthaler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7811-3932\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071962736\",\"display_name\":\"Matthias E. Liechti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1765-9659\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S159852663\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.2821\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4311205265" }, { "id": 1517, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy and Psychedelic Science: A Review and Perspective on Opportunities in Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy and psychedelic science a review and perspective on opportunities in neurosurgery and neuro oncology", "authors": "Kelly DF, Kelly DF, Heinzerling K, Sharma A, Gowrinathan S, Sergi K, Mallari RJ.", "abstract": "After a decades-long pause, psychedelics are again being intensely investigated for treating a wide range of neuropsychiatric ailments including depression, anxiety, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, anorexia, and chronic pain syndromes. The classic serotonergic psychedelics psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide and nonclassic psychedelics 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and ketamine are increasingly appreciated as neuroplastogens given their potential to fundamentally alter mood and behavior well beyond the time window of measurable exposure. Imaging studies with psychedelics are also helping advance our understanding of neural networks and connectomics. This resurgence in psychedelic science and psychedelic-assisted therapy has potential significance for the fields of neurosurgery and neuro-oncology and their diverse and challenging patients, many of whom continue to have mental health issues and poor quality of life despite receiving state-of-the-art care. In this study, we review recent and ongoing clinical trials, the set and setting model of psychedelic-assisted therapy, potential risks and adverse events, proposed mechanisms of action, and provide a perspective on how the safe and evidence-based use of psychedelics could potentially benefit many patients, including those with brain tumors, pain syndromes, ruminative disorders, stroke, SAH, TBI, and movement disorders. By leveraging psychedelics' neuroplastic potential to rehabilitate the mind and brain, novel treatments may be possible for many of these patient populations, in some instances working synergistically with current treatments and in some using subpsychedelic doses that do not require mind-altering effects for efficacy. This review aims to encourage broader multidisciplinary collaboration across the neurosciences to explore and help realize the transdiagnostic healing potential of psychedelics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-07", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1227/neu.0000000000002275", "pubmed_id": "36512813", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000002275", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Neurosurgery, Quality of Life, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36512813\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2015, "title": "Direct Quantitation of Psilocybin and Psilocin by One-Dimensional 1H and 31P qNMR in a revived Greek specimen of Psilocybe cyanescens", "normalized_title": "direct quantitation of psilocybin and psilocin by one dimensional 1h and 31p qnmr in a revived greek specimen of psilocybe cyanescens", "authors": "Prokopios Magiatis, Evangelos Dadiotis, Romanos Konstantinos Antonopoulos, K Ioannidis, V Mitsis, E Melliou, Zacharoula Gonou-Zagou", "abstract": "The genus Psilocybe of Basidiomycota includes more than two hundred species of mushroom-forming fungi, which are widely known for the production of the secondary metabolite psilocybin, a prodrug of its in vivo dephosphorylated active metabolite psilocin [1]. Psilocybin is being currently used in numerous clinical trials including the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) [2], existential distress of terminally ill patients [3] and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) [4], creating the need of investigating and quantitating these substances.", "journal": "Planta Medica", "publication_date": "2022-11-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1055/s-0042-1759062", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759062", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Metabolite, Prodrug, Secondary metabolite, Biology, Stereochemistry, Chemistry, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Hallucinogen, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4317241495\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4317241495\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":18,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059685093\",\"display_name\":\"Prokopios Magiatis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5344\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013854729\",\"display_name\":\"Evangelos Dadiotis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2773-1597\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072511772\",\"display_name\":\"Romanos Konstantinos Antonopoulos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078500236\",\"display_name\":\"K Ioannidis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041338668\",\"display_name\":\"V Mitsis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020952764\",\"display_name\":\"E Melliou\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043944149\",\"display_name\":\"Zacharoula Gonou-Zagou\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-3821\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S39653451\",\"source_display_name\":\"Planta Medica\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759062\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4317241495" }, { "id": 1631, "title": "Set and setting in microdosing: an oft-overlooked principle.", "normalized_title": "set and setting in microdosing an oft overlooked principle", "authors": "Hartogsohn I, Petranker R", "abstract": "The use of psychedelics for medical and recreational purposes is rising. Contextual factors such as expectancy, intention, and sensory and social environment (set and setting) are widely recognized as moderating the effects of these substances. Nevertheless, clinical trials of microdosing - the ingestion of small, sub-hallucinogenic doses of psychedelics - rarely report their set and setting. This fact suggests that such factors are not considered important in the context of microdosing. This paper challenges this assumption and makes the case for the crucial relevance of set and setting in microdosing practice. Building on set and setting theory and placebo theory, we explain why set and setting are of crucial importance in the case of microdosing. This reasoning helps elucidate the role of set and setting in determining the outcomes of microdosing and helps explain some of the contradictory results that have emerged in microdosing research in recent years. Set and setting are important constructs to be considered especially in the context of microdosing psychedelics. By reporting set and setting, the results of microdosing research can be made more reliable and consistent.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-11-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06249-8", "pubmed_id": "36289109", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36289109/", "keywords": "LSD, Microdosing, Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Set and setting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36289109\"}", "topic_tags": "Microdosing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1627, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy for People with Eating Disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy for people with eating disorders", "authors": "Gukasyan N, Schreyer CC, Griffiths RR, Guarda AS", "abstract": "A growing body of research suggests psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) may be safe and effective for a variety of mental health conditions. Among these, eating disorders have been a recent target of interest. This review provides an up-to-date summary of the potential mechanisms and use of PAT in people diagnosed with eating disorders, with a focus on anorexia nervosa. Classic psychedelics may have transdiagnostic efficacy through several mechanisms relevant to eating disorder pathology. Interest in, and efforts to increase access to PAT are both high. Early clinical trials are focused on establishing the safety and utility of this treatment in eating disorders, and efficacy remains unclear. High-quality published data to support the use of PAT for people with eating disorders remains lacking. Recent studies however suggest PAT has the potential to augment the efficacy of current interventions for these difficult-to-treat conditions.", "journal": "Current psychiatry reports", "publication_date": "2022-11-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-022-01394-5", "pubmed_id": "36374357", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36374357/", "keywords": "Anorexia nervosa, Eating disorders, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Serotonin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36374357\"}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1635, "title": "Psilocybin as a Treatment for Psychiatric Illness: A Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a treatment for psychiatric illness a meta analysis", "authors": "Irizarry R, Winczura A, Dimassi O, Dhillon N, Minhas A, Larice J.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is an emerging potential therapy for the treatment of psychiatric illnesses. Microdosing has been shown to result in an overall improvement in patients with anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance abuse. This meta-analysis explores and compiles prior research to make further inferences regarding psilocybin and its use for the treatment of psychiatric illness along with its safety and efficacy. Database searches were conducted to identify peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials and clinical trials mentioning psilocybin use and psychiatric illness. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram was created and analysis was run on the nine articles that met all established inclusion criteria. An event is defined as a participant who showed improvement, in a quantitative method, from baseline after the use of psilocybin. Another analysis was done using depression severity (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology 16-Item Self Report, QIDS-SR16) at baseline and after the use of psilocybin. Analyses of the original data and the nine articles showed a great deal of heterogeneity with an I2 value of 73.68%, suggesting that the studies in this meta-analysis cannot be considered to be studies of the same population. The Q value of 30.4 was higher than 15.507, which is the critical value for eight degrees of freedom found in a chi-square distribution. This Q value showed a high degree of variation and lacked significance. The second meta-run on QIDS-SR16 scores from three studies showed a Q value of 1.16 which was lower than 5.991, the critical value for two degrees of freedom found in a chi-square distribution. The I2 statistic for this second meta-analysis was -73% which can be equated to zero. This indicated that the data were homogeneous or that there was no observed heterogeneity. Due to low heterogeneity, the fixed-effects model was used. Based on this meta-analysis, psilocybin seems to show symptom improvement in some psychiatric illnesses. The effectiveness of psilocybin microdosing and the use of psilocybin, in general, need to be studied further to determine the efficacy and safety of potential applications in psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-11-21", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.31796", "pubmed_id": "36569662", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.31796", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36569662\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,OCD,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4910, "title": "The psychedelic renaissance: can psilocybin possibly combat depression?", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic renaissance can psilocybin possibly combat depression", "authors": "Hamna Raheel, Unaiza Naeem, Asim Shaikh, Omer Ahmed Shaikh", "abstract": "Mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety are major contributors to the overall global health burden. COVID-19 has further aggravated mental health disorders and also increased substance abuse due to lockdowns1. The Global Burden of Disease reported that the pandemic has led to a 27.6% increase in cases of major depressive disorder (MDD) and a 25.6% increase in cases of anxiety disorders2. An estimated 137.1 (95% UI: 92.5-190.6) additional disability-adjusted life years per 100 000 population for MDD and 116.1 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 79.3-163.80) for anxiety disorders have been incurred, as well, during this period3. Nearly 10%-30% of individuals with MDD have treatment-resistant depression, which has an inadequate response to at least 2 trials of antidepressants. These patients often have adverse behavioral outcomes such as suicide and self-injurious behavior4. With the dynamic nature of SARS-COV-2 that requires measures such as social distancing measures and lockdowns to be placed unexpectedly at different times of the year, interventions that are easily obtainable and can be applied independently by individuals can be immensely useful. Psilocybin, in recent studies, has shown promising results in the remission of depression and if its effectiveness is accurately gauged, could prove to be one such option, giving patients with mental health issues the ability for self-reliant care. Psilocybin, informally known as the magic mushroom, has been employed in a variety of religious rites throughout history and is believed to possess therapeutic properties5. It is a serotonergic hallucinogen with promising benefits in the treatment of mental illness. It has been proven to decrease substance abuse such as smoking and drinking and reduce depression and anxiety in cancer patients while also improving their emotional well-being6-8. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy has proven to be more effective than psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy alone. Previous pharmacotherapies, such as ketamine, have demonstrated negative side effects and have low rates of depression remission9. A systematic review of 60 studies on the side effects of ketamine identified psychiatric, psychotomimetic, cardiovascular, and neurological side effects that were most frequently reported in acute dosing of ketamine10. Most commonly reported acute psychiatric side effects were reportedly anxiety, dissociation being the most psychotomimetic effect. Increased heart rate and raised blood pressure are the most frequent cardiovascular outcomes and headache and dizziness are some of the most common neurological side effects of ketamine. Kemp11 highlighted metabolic disorders such as weight gain and sedation and somnolence as one of the most common adverse effects of pharmacotherapy in treating bipolar depression. These side effects reduce adherence to treatment and reduce the clinical response of pharmacotherapies. However, psilocybin has low toxicity and addictive potential5. Although the precise mechanism of action of psilocybin is unknown, a randomized clinical trial found that it had a persistent and fast antidepressant effect when compared with escitalopram, as well as improved global brain integration12. The article by Davis et al6 entitled “Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial” has piqued the interest of the entire psychiatric community. The author highlights a novel finding of significant decreases in or remission of depression in people with MDD with Psilocybin-assisted therapy. A total of 27 participants were recruited, 11 of whom underwent immediate therapy while 13 underwent delayed therapy after 8 weeks. Psilocybin was administered in 2 sessions, with the first session being a moderate dose (20 mg/70 kg) and the second session containing a high dose (30 mg/70 kg). There was a significant decrease in depression in weeks 1 and 4 of follow-up in immediate treatment compared with weeks 5 and 8 of delayed treatment that had not started the therapy. Seventeen participants showed a >50% decrease in depression in weeks 1 and 4; 14 participants in week 1 and 13 participants in week 4 showed complete remission of depression. This study highlights potential breakthrough evidence that is beginning to emerge regarding psilocybin’s use. In January 2022, Rucker et al’s phase 1 trial results delineated that Psilocybin in doses of 10 or 25 mg, respectively, had no short-term or long-term detrimental effects on participants making the case for it being a plausibly relevant and safe alternative to other psychiatric treatments13. However, for nearly 50 years, psychedelics had been prohibited for medical use owing to rigorous drug control policies and strongly held stigmatic beliefs labelling them as illicit recreational drugs only with no potential for medical benefit. Recent studies, on the other hand, have shown that psychedelics can alleviate depression and anxiety, but mental health professionals are still wary of using them for medicinal purposes14. This, in part, is because there was a lack of research regarding their efficacy, which when combined with the extreme scheduling of these drugs by law, has led to its widespread clinical use being, at best, delayed14. While most psychiatrists support its future use, many are concerned about its potential adverse effects. On the other hand, there appears to be a supportive attitude toward psychedelic use for medicinal purposes among the general populace. According to a survey, 63% of Psychedelic mushroom users reported using them for mental well-being but an alarming 19% also reported use after self-diagnosis of a mental disorder15. Nevertheless, there have been some notable shifts in perspective as legal frameworks regarding the use of psychedelics are being revised. Owing to efficacy data suggesting potential therapeutic benefits of these psychedelics, this “psychedelic renaissance” has brought about changes such as the statewide legalization of specific psychedelics, including psilocybin, in Oregon, USA16. Although Davis et al’s6 findings do pave the way for furthering the discussion, especially as there were no adverse events reported with psilocybin use, results can be overstated due to the study’s small sample size. A survey on self-reported side effects of psilocybin showed that 11% of Psilocybin consumers put themselves or another person at harm, 2.6% behaved in a physically aggressive manner and 2.7% had to seek medical help17. These negative reactions have often been seen in trials where induced stressful situations have led to patients leaving the site18. There must be additional large-scale clinical trials undertaken across a spectrum of mental diseases before they can be definitively included in medical practice and guidelines for their use can be established. In addition, psychiatric comorbidities are a pressing concern that also needs to be addressed. To make results more generalizable, the risk of using psilocybin in this group needs to be explored19. In a study evaluating the cost effectiveness of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) associated psychotherapy in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder including 105 subjects of six double blinded phase 2 trials the MDMA saved 103.2 million dollars over a period of a 30 years and decreased 5553 quality adjusted life years compared with the standard practices20. According to a statement given by the author of this paper to multidisciplinary association for psychedelic studies MDMA has a potential to break even the cost of mental health in just over 3 years21. According to a study conducted by John Hopkins to assess the effect of psilocybin in personality changes, a single high dose of psilocybin was enough to bring about a measurable personality change such as increased openness in nearly 60% of the participants22. However researchers are still cautious of professing the cost effectiveness of psychedelic and require more data over a longer period of time to come to a conclusive finding. The usage of psychedelics to alleviate anxiety and depression appears to be more pertinent now than ever. This, however, raises concerns about self-medication with psychedelics and their excessive usage. Ensuring psychedelics are obtained only through prescription and not as over-the-counter drugs can be an effective method to curb the self-medication of psychedelics. Campaigns that sensitize individuals regarding the health repercussions of resorting to self-medication should also be held at a large scale. Provision of health insurance has also shown to reduce the incidence of self-medication23 and encourages patients to seek guidance from health care professionals. In addition satisfaction with health care service and a good doctor patient relationship are important predictors of self-medication24,25. Workshops about the use of psychedelics in medicine and their possible risks and advantages should be conducted for psychologists and psychiatrists to assist in breaking down stigma and assisting them in making educated decisions for their patients. Ethical approval None. Sources of funding None. Author contribution H.R.: conception of the study, drafting of the work, final approval and agreeing to the accuracy of the work. U.N.: conception of the study, drafting of the work, final approval and agreeing to the accuracy of the work. A.S.: conception of the study, drafting of the work, final approval and agreeing to the accuracy of the work. O.A.S.: conception of the study, drafting of the work, final approval and agreeing to the accuracy of the work. Conflict of interest disclosures The authors declare that they have no financial conflict of interest with regard to the content of this report. Research registration unique identifying number None. Guarantor Hamna Raheel, Unaiza Naeem, Asim Shaikh, and Omer Ahmed Shaikh.", "journal": "International Journal of Surgery Global Health", "publication_date": "2022-10-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1097/gh9.0000000000000089", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000089", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Mental health, Depression (economics), Population, Major depressive disorder, Psychological intervention, Medicine, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Mood, Environmental health, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:56", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4318965036\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4318965036\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2005405662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016292245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104101984\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741959390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794653496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906534435\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087025291\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093269897\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197311089\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203310594\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221018864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223461155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225982601\",\"https://openalex.org/W6801747217\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015840545\",\"display_name\":\"Hamna Raheel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-432X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016462981\",\"display_name\":\"Unaiza Naeem\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0455-7864\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101565927\",\"display_name\":\"Asim Shaikh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6984-9465\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021771375\",\"display_name\":\"Omer Ahmed Shaikh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-390X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210188486\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Surgery Global Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000089\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4318965036" }, { "id": 1642, "title": "Single-Dose Psilocybin for a Treatment-Resistant Episode of Major Depression.", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for a treatment resistant episode of major depression", "authors": "Goodwin GM, Aaronson ST, Alvarez O, Arden PC, Baker A, Bennett JC, Bird C, Blom RE, Brennan C, Brusch D, Burke L, Campbell-Coker K, Carhart-Harris R, Cattell J, Daniel A, DeBattista C, Dunlop BW, Eisen K, Feifel D, Forbes M, Haumann HM, Hellerstein DJ, Hoppe AI, Husain MI, Jelen LA, Kamphuis J, Kawasaki J, Kelly JR, Key RE, Kishon R, Knatz Peck S, Knight G, Koolen MHB, Lean M, Licht RW, Maples-Keller JL, Mars J, Marwood L, McElhiney MC, Miller TL, Mirow A, Mistry S, Mletzko-Crowe T, Modlin LN, Nielsen RE, Nielson EM, Offerhaus SR, O'Keane V, Páleníček T, Printz D, Rademaker MC, van Reemst A, Reinholdt F, Repantis D, Rucker J, Rudow S, Ruffell S, Rush AJ, Schoevers RA, Seynaeve M, Shao S, Soares JC, Somers M, Stansfield SC, Sterling D, Strockis A, Tsai J, Visser L, Wahba M, Williams S, Young AH, Ywema P, Zisook S, Malievskaia E.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin is being studied for use in treatment-resistant depression.MethodsIn this phase 2 double-blind trial, we randomly assigned adults with treatment-resistant depression to receive a single dose of a proprietary, synthetic formulation of psilocybin at a dose of 25 mg, 10 mg, or 1 mg (control), along with psychological support. The primary end point was the change from baseline to week 3 in the total score on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS; range, 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe depression). Secondary end points included response at week 3 (≥50% decrease from baseline in the MADRS total score), remission at week 3 (MADRS total score ≤10), and sustained response at 12 weeks (meeting response criteria at week 3 and all subsequent visits).ResultsA total of 79 participants were in the 25-mg group, 75 in the 10-mg group, and 79 in the 1-mg group. The mean MADRS total score at baseline was 32 or 33 in each group. Least-squares mean changes from baseline to week 3 in the score were -12.0 for 25 mg, -7.9 for 10 mg, and -5.4 for 1 mg; the difference between the 25-mg group and 1-mg group was -6.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], -10.2 to -2.9; P", "journal": "New England Journal of Medicine", "publication_date": "2022-10-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1056/nejmoa2206443", "pubmed_id": "36322843", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2206443", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Adult, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36322843\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1084,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W795371411\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999142409\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085758661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111663098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914444775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. 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Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063914720\",\"display_name\":\"Mathieu Seynaeve\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057873669\",\"display_name\":\"Samantha Shao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082192669\",\"display_name\":\"Jair C. Soares\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062662397\",\"display_name\":\"Diane Sterling\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049560345\",\"display_name\":\"Aaron Strockis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058974399\",\"display_name\":\"Lucy Visser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038234384\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel P. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7651-3457\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009766080\",\"display_name\":\"Paula Ywema\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053651400\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Zisook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-9185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S62468778\",\"source_display_name\":\"New England Journal of Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2206443\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4308146982" }, { "id": 1659, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for reducing alcohol intake in patients with alcohol use disorder: protocol for a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled 12-week clinical trial (The QUANTUM Trip Trial).", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for reducing alcohol intake in patients with alcohol use disorder protocol for a randomised double blinded placebo controlled 12 week clinical trial the quantum trip trial", "authors": "Jensen ME, Jensen ME, Stenbæk DS, Juul TS, Fisher PM, Ekstrøm CT, Knudsen GM, Fink-Jensen A.", "abstract": "IntroductionAlcohol use disorder is a difficult-to-treat psychiatric disorder and a major burden on public health. Existing treatment efficacy is moderate, and relapse rates are high. Preliminary findings suggest that psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, can safely and reliably occasion highly meaningful experiences that may spur a positive change in drinking behaviour when administered in a therapeutic context. However, the efficacy of a single psilocybin administration and its potential neurobiological underpinnings still remain unknown.Methods and analysisTo establish efficacy, we will investigate the effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy versus placebo in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled 12-week clinical trial. Ninety treatment-seeking patients, aged 20-70 years, diagnosed with alcohol use disorder will be recruited from the community via advertisement and referrals from general practitioners or specialised treatment units. The psilocybin or placebo will be administered in accordance with a protocol for psychological support before, during and after the dosing. Outcome assessments will be carried out 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks postdosing. The primary outcome is reduction in the percentage of heavy drinking days from baseline to follow-up at 12 weeks. Key secondary outcomes are as follows: (1) total alcohol consumption, (2) phosphatidyl-ethanol, an objective biomarker for alcohol, (3) plasma psilocin, the active metabolite, to establish a possible therapeutic range, (4) the acute subjective drug experience as a possible predictor of treatment outcome and (5) neuronal response to alcohol cues and cognitive flexibility within corticostriatal pathways by use of functional MR brain imaging 1-week postdosing.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Committee on Health Research Ethics of the Capital Region of Denmark (H-20043832). All patients will be provided oral and written information about the trial before screening. The study results will be disseminated by peer-review publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberEudraCT 2020-000829-55 and NCT05416229.", "journal": "BMJ Open", "publication_date": "2022-10-13", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066019", "pubmed_id": "36241352", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066019", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Ethanol, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Alcohol Drinking, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36241352\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4306177192\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4306177192\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":21,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1475474724\",\"https://openalex.org/W1839921965\",\"https://openalex.org/W1882482010\",\"https://openalex.org/W1948002101\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964116811\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966524739\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973405277\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980922993\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986717344\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990870960\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017857669\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020646491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034911394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043779385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048583110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109101971\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110117912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110608362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110701839\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113750014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118061336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120356707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123282949\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127662631\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133497175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133963272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157156054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164480306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166023752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169216780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2283026346\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330686105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419156332\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2480710602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2493522780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2746562707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770074048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883252198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884912572\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892664712\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2909121609\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921551456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004972885\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3018382390\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088404198\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091936754\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134098691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220686675\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294805044\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309608756\",\"https://openalex.org/W6683364618\",\"https://openalex.org/W6749681613\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102754855\",\"display_name\":\"Mathias Ebbesen Jensen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2545-7459\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004791170\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbæk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-4637\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027417286\",\"display_name\":\"Tobias Søgaard Juul\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021085020\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick M. Fisher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8115-0611\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065962810\",\"display_name\":\"Claus Thorn Ekstrøm\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-373X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015895924\",\"display_name\":\"Gitte M. Knudsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-6866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001609083\",\"display_name\":\"Anders Fink-Jensen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7143-1236\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S79054089\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066019\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4306177192" }, { "id": 3685, "title": "An Exploratory Open-Label, Phase 1b, Ascending Dose Study to Evaluate the Effects of Oral 3-[2-(Dimethylamino)Ethyl]-1h-indol-4-yl Dihydrogen Phosphate (Psilocybin, BPL-PSILO) on Cognition in Patients With Chronic Short-Lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache Attacks (SUNHA)", "normalized_title": "an exploratory open label phase 1b ascending dose study to evaluate the effects of oral 3 2 dimethylamino ethyl 1h indol 4 yl dihydrogen phosphate psilocybin bpl psilo on cognition in patients with chronic short lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks sunha", "authors": "Beckley Psytech Limited", "abstract": "This exploratory open-label phase 1b, ascending dose study is to evaluate the effects of psilocybin on cognition in patients with Chronic Short-Lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache Attacks (SUNHA) The study aims to: Determine the safety and tolerability of psilocybin when administered to patients with chronic SUNHA Determine the effects of psilocybin on cognition when administered to patients with chronic SUNHA Explore the change in frequency, duration, and intensity of headache attacks with escalating doses of psilocybin in patients with chronic SUNHA", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-10-11", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04905121", "keywords": "Short Lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache Attacks, Psilocybin, TERMINATED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04905121\",\"overall_status\":\"TERMINATED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1572, "title": "Psychedelic therapy for depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy for depressive symptoms a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Ko K, Kopra EI, Cleare AJ, Rucker JJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelic therapy shows promise for Major Depressive Disorder, especially when treatment-resistant, as well as life-threatening illness distress. The objective of this systematic review, inclusive of meta-analysis, is to examine recent clinical research on the therapeutic effects of classic psychedelics on depressive symptoms.MethodsFourteen psychedelic therapy studies, utilising psilocybin, ayahuasca, or LSD, were systematically reviewed. For the meta-analysis, standardised mean differences were calculated for seven randomised controlled trials.ResultsThe systematic review indicated significant short- and long-term reduction of depressive symptoms in all conditions studied after administration of psilocybin, ayahuasca, or LSD, with psychological support. In the meta-analysis, symptom reduction was significantly indicated in three timepoints out of four, including 1-day, 1-week, and 3-5 weeks, supporting the results of the systematic review, with the exception of the 6-8 weeks follow-up point which was less conclusive.LimitationsThe absence of required data for 2 studies necessitated the less precise use of graphical extraction and imputation. The small sample size in all but one study negatively affected the statistical power. None of the studies had long-term follow-up without also utilising the cross-over method, which did not allow for long-term results to be included in the meta-review.ConclusionsThis review indicates an association between psychedelic therapy and significant reduction of depressive symptoms at several time points. However, the small number of studies, and low sample sizes, calls for careful interpretation of results. This suggests the need for more randomised clinical trials of psychedelic therapy, with larger and more diverse samples.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.168", "pubmed_id": "36209780", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.168", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36209780\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1649, "title": "A Critical Appraisal of Evidence on the Efficacy and Safety of Serotonergic Psychedelic Drugs as Emerging Antidepressants: Mind the Evidence Gap.", "normalized_title": "a critical appraisal of evidence on the efficacy and safety of serotonergic psychedelic drugs as emerging antidepressants mind the evidence gap", "authors": "Ledwos N, Rosenblat JD, Blumberger DM, Castle DJ, McIntyre RS, Mulsant BH, Husain MI.", "abstract": "Purpose/backgroundThere has been resurgence of interest in the therapeutic use of serotonergic (\"classic\") psychedelics in major depressive disorder (MDD) and end-of-life distress. This commentary offers a critical appraisal of current evidence for antidepressant effects of classic psychedelics from contemporary clinical trials and highlights pitfalls that should be addressed before clinical translation.Methods/proceduresA narrative review was conducted to identify clinical trials of serotonergic psychedelics for the treatment of MDD and end-of-life distress. Trials published between January 1990 and May 2022 were identified on PubMed using combinations of search terms.Findings/resultsPsilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and ayahuasca have clinical trials to evaluate antidepressant effects. Two studies showed preliminary positive effects of single-dose ayahuasca for treatment-resistant depression. Similar results were seen in lysergic acid diethylamide for end-of-life distress. Small randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of psilocybin combined with psychotherapy showed superiority to waitlist controls and comparable efficacy and safety to an active comparator in MDD, with additional RCTs showing efficacy in end-of-life distress. Adverse events associated with psychedelics were reported as mild and transient. Small homogenous samples, expectancy bias, functional unblinding, and lack of consensus and standardization of psychotherapy are major limitations of all studies.Implications/conclusionsGiven the methodological limitations of published RCTs, the evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of serotonergic psychedelics for depression is currently of low level. Future research should assess the role of expectancy and psychedelic effects in moderating and mediating treatment response. Innovative trial designs are needed to overcome functional unblinding. For now, psychedelics should remain experimental interventions used within clinical trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-02", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1097/jcp.0000000000001608", "pubmed_id": "36193898", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000001608", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Death, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36193898\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1689, "title": "If the Doors of Perception Were Cleansed, Would Chronic Pain be Relieved? Evaluating the Benefits and Risks of Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "if the doors of perception were cleansed would chronic pain be relieved evaluating the benefits and risks of psychedelics", "authors": "Dworkin RH, Anderson BT, Andrews N, Edwards RR, Grob CS, Ross S, Satterthwaite TD, Strain EC", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances have played important roles in diverse cultures, and ingesting various plant preparations to evoke altered states of consciousness has been described throughout recorded history. Accounts of the subjective effects of psychedelics typically focus on spiritual and mystical-type experiences, including feelings of unity, sacredness, and transcendence. Over the past 2 decades, there has been increasing interest in psychedelics as treatments for various medical disorders, including chronic pain. Although concerns about adverse medical and psychological effects contributed to their controlled status, contemporary knowledge of psychedelics suggests that risks are relatively rare when patients are carefully screened, prepared, and supervised. Clinical trial results have provided support for the effectiveness of psychedelics in different psychiatric conditions. However, there are only a small number of generally uncontrolled studies of psychedelics in patients with chronic pain (eg, cancer pain, phantom limb pain, migraine, and cluster headache). Challenges in evaluating psychedelics as treatments for chronic pain include identifying neurobiologic and psychosocial mechanisms of action and determining which pain conditions to investigate. Truly informative proof-of-concept and confirmatory randomized clinical trials will require careful selection of control groups, efforts to minimize bias from unblinding, and attention to the roles of patient mental set and treatment setting. PERSPECTIVE: There is considerable promise for the use of psychedelic therapy for pain, but evidence-based recommendations for the design of future studies are needed to ensure that the results of this research are truly informative.", "journal": "The journal of pain", "publication_date": "2022-09-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpain.2022.05.003", "pubmed_id": "35643270", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35643270/", "keywords": "Chronic pain, LSD, clinical trials, psilocybin, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35643270\"}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1681, "title": "Percentage of Heavy Drinking Days Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy vs Placebo in the Treatment of Adult Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.", "normalized_title": "percentage of heavy drinking days following psilocybin assisted psychotherapy vs placebo in the treatment of adult patients with alcohol use disorder a randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Bogenschutz MP, Ross S, Bhatt S, Baron T, Forcehimes AA, Laska E, Mennenga SE, O'Donnell K, Owens LT, Podrebarac S, Rotrosen J, Tonigan JS, Worth L.", "abstract": "ImportanceAlthough classic psychedelic medications have shown promise in the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD), the efficacy of psilocybin remains unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether 2 administrations of high-dose psilocybin improve the percentage of heavy drinking days in patients with AUD undergoing psychotherapy relative to outcomes observed with active placebo medication and psychotherapy.Design, setting, and participantsIn this double-blind randomized clinical trial, participants were offered 12 weeks of manualized psychotherapy and were randomly assigned to receive psilocybin vs diphenhydramine during 2 day-long medication sessions at weeks 4 and 8. Outcomes were assessed over the 32-week double-blind period following the first dose of study medication. The study was conducted at 2 academic centers in the US. Participants were recruited from the community between March 12, 2014, and March 19, 2020. Adults aged 25 to 65 years with a DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol dependence and at least 4 heavy drinking days during the 30 days prior to screening were included. Exclusion criteria included major psychiatric and drug use disorders, hallucinogen use, medical conditions that contraindicated the study medications, use of exclusionary medications, and current treatment for AUD.InterventionsStudy medications were psilocybin, 25 mg/70 kg, vs diphenhydramine, 50 mg (first session), and psilocybin, 25-40 mg/70 kg, vs diphenhydramine, 50-100 mg (second session). Psychotherapy included motivational enhancement therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was percentage of heavy drinking days, assessed using a timeline followback interview, contrasted between groups over the 32-week period following the first administration of study medication using multivariate repeated-measures analysis of variance.ResultsA total of 95 participants (mean [SD] age, 46 [12] years; 42 [44.2%] female) were randomized (49 to psilocybin and 46 to diphenhydramine). One participant (1.1%) was American Indian/Alaska Native, 3 (3.2%) were Asian, 4 (4.2%) were Black, 14 (14.7%) were Hispanic, and 75 (78.9%) were non-Hispanic White. Of the 95 randomized participants, 93 received at least 1 dose of study medication and were included in the primary outcome analysis. Percentage of heavy drinking days during the 32-week double-blind period was 9.7% for the psilocybin group and 23.6% for the diphenhydramine group, a mean difference of 13.9%; (95% CI, 3.0-24.7; F1,86 = 6.43; P =.01). Mean daily alcohol consumption (number of standard drinks per day) was also lower in the psilocybin group. There were no serious adverse events among participants who received psilocybin.Conclusions and relevancePsilocybin administered in combination with psychotherapy produced robust decreases in percentage of heavy drinking days over and above those produced by active placebo and psychotherapy. These results provide support for further study of psilocybin-assisted treatment for AUD.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02061293.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-09-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2096", "pubmed_id": "36001306", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2096", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Diphenhydramine, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Alcohol Drinking, Psychotherapy, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36001306\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1677, "title": "Expectancy in placebo-controlled trials of psychedelics: if so, so what?", "normalized_title": "expectancy in placebo controlled trials of psychedelics if so so what", "authors": "Butler M, Jelen L, Rucker J", "abstract": "Modern psychedelic research remains in an early phase, and the eventual introduction of psychedelics into clinical practice remains in doubt. In this piece, we discuss the role of blinding and expectancy in psychedelic trials, and place this in a broader historical and contemporary context of blinding in trials across the rest of healthcare. We suggest that premature and uncritical promotion ('hype') of psychedelics as medicines is not only misleading, but also directly influences participant expectancy in ongoing psychedelic trials. We argue that although psychedelic trials are likely to significantly overestimate treatment effects by design due to unblinding and expectancy effects, this is not a unique situation. Placebo-controlled RCTs are not a perfect fit for all therapeutics, and problems in blinding should not automatically disqualify medications from licencing decisions. We suggest that simple practical measures may be (and indeed already are) taken in psychedelic trials to partially mitigate the effects of expectancy and unblinding, such as independent raters and active placebos. We briefly suggest other alternative trial methodologies which could be used to bolster RCT results, such as naturalistic studies. We conclude that the results of contemporary placebo-controlled RCTs of psychedelics should neither be dismissed due to imperfections in design, nor should early data be taken as firm evidence of effectiveness.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-09-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06221-6", "pubmed_id": "36063208", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36063208/", "keywords": "Clinical trials, Expectancy, Placebo, Psilocybin, Psychoactive medication", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36063208\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3244, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression: Prediction of Clinical Outcome by Natural Language Processing", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression prediction of clinical outcome by natural language processing", "authors": "Dougherty RF, Clarke P, Alti M, Kuc J, Schlosser D, Dunlop BW, Hellerstein DJ, Aaronson ST, Zisook S, Young AH, Carhart-Harris R, Goodwin G, Ryslik GA.", "abstract": "Background: Therapeutic administration of psychedelic drugs has shown significant potential in historical accounts and in recent clinical trials in the treatment of depression and other mood disorders. A recent randomized double-blind phase-IIb study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of COMP360, COMPASS Pathways’ proprietary synthetic formulation of psilocybin, in participants with treatment resistant depression. While promising, the treatment works for a portion of the population and early prediction of outcome is a key objective. Methods: Transcripts were made from audio recordings of the psychological support session between participant and therapist one day post COMP360 administration. A zero-shot machine learning classifier based on the BART large language model was used to compute two-dimensional sentiment (valence and arousal) for the participant and therapist from the transcript. These scores, combined with the Emotional Breakthrough Index (EBI) and treatment arm were used to predict treatment outcome as measured by MADRS scores. Code and data are available at https://github.com/compasspathways/Sentiment2DResults: Two multinomial logistic regression models were fit to predict responder status at week 3 and through week 12. Cross-validation of these models resulted in 85% and 88% accuracy and AUC values of 88% and 85%. Conclusions: A machine learning algorithm using NLP and EBI accurately predicts long term patient response, allowing rapid prognostication of personalized response to psilocybin treatment and insight into therapeutic model optimization. Further research is required to understand if language data from earlier stages in the therapeutic process hold similar predictive power.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-09-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/kh3cx", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kh3cx", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR553222\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 643, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression: Prediction of Clinical Outcome by Natural Language Processing", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression prediction of clinical outcome by natural language processing", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Therapeutic administration of psychedelic drugs has shown significant potential in historical accounts and in recent clinical trials in the treatment of depression and other mood disorders. A recent randomized double-blind phase-IIb study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of COMP360, COMPASS Pathways’ proprietary synthetic formulation of psilocybin, in participants with treatment resistant depression. While promising, the treatment works for a portion of the population and early prediction of outcome is a key objective. Methods: Transcripts were made from audio recordings of the psychological support session between participant and therapist one day post COMP360 administration. A zero-shot machine learning classifier based on the BART large language model was used to compute two-dimensional sentiment (valence and arousal) for the participant and therapist from the transcript. These scores, combined with the Emotional Breakthrough Index (EBI) and treatment arm were used to predict treatment outcome as measured by MADRS scores. Code and data are available at https://github.com/compasspathways/Sentiment2D Results: Two multinomial logistic regression models were fit to predict responder status at week 3 and through week 12. Cross-validation of these models resulted in 85% and 88% accuracy and AUC values of 88% and 85%. Conclusions: A machine learning algorithm using NLP and EBI accurately predicts long term patient response, allowing rapid prognostication of personalized response to psilocybin treatment and insight into therapeutic model optimization. Further research is required to understand if language data from earlier stages in the therapeutic process hold similar predictive power.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-09-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/kh3cx_v1", "keywords": "Depression, Emotional Breakthrough Index, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Sentiment, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Quantitative Methods, Statistical Methods", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"kh3cx_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3178, "title": "Effective connectivity of emotion and cognition under psilocybin", "normalized_title": "effective connectivity of emotion and cognition under psilocybin", "authors": "Stoliker D, Novelli L, Vollenweider FX, Egan GF, Preller KH, Razi A.", "abstract": "Classic psychedelics alter sense of self and patterns of self-related thought. These changes are hypothesised to underlie their therapeutic efficacy across internalising pathologies such as addiction and depression. Using resting-state functional MRI images from a randomised, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 24 healthy adults under 0.215mg/kg psilocybin, we investigated how psilocybin modulates the effective connectivity between resting state networks and the amygdala that are involved in the appraisal and regulation of emotion and association with clinical symptoms. The networks included the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and central executive network (CEN). Psilocybin decreased top-down effective connectivity from the resting state networks to the amygdala and decreased effective connectivity within the DMN and SN, while the within CEN effective connectivity increased. Effective connectivity changes were also associated with altered emotion and meaning under psilocybin. Our findings identify changes to cognitive-emotional connectivity associated with the subjective effects of psilocybin and the attenuation of the amygdala signal as a potential biomarker of psilocybin’s therapeutic efficacy.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2022-09-08", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1101/2022.09.06.22279626", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.06.22279626", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR541956\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Default Mode Network,Biomarkers,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1698, "title": "Effects of psilocybin versus escitalopram on rumination and thought suppression in depression.", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin versus escitalopram on rumination and thought suppression in depression", "authors": "Barba T, Buehler S, Kettner H, Radu C, Cunha BG, Nutt DJ, Erritzoe D, Roseman L, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "BackgroundMajor depressive disorder is often associated with maladaptive coping strategies, including rumination and thought suppression.AimsTo assess the comparative effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram, and the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin (COMP360), on rumination and thought suppression in major depressive disorder.MethodBased on data derived from a randomised clinical trial (N = 59), we performed exploratory analyses on the impact of escitalopram versus psilocybin (i.e. condition) on rumination and thought suppression from 1 week before to 6 weeks after treatment inception (i.e. time), using mixed analysis of variance. Condition responder versus non-responder subgroup analyses were also done, using the standard definition of ≥50% symptom reduction.ResultsA time×condition interaction was found for rumination (F(1, 56) = 4.58, P = 0.037) and thought suppression (F(1,57) = 5.88, P = 0.019), with post hoc tests revealing significant decreases exclusively in the psilocybin condition. When analysing via response, a significant time×condition×response interaction for thought suppression (F(1,54) = 8.42, P = 0.005) and a significant time×response interaction for rumination (F(1,54) = 23.50, P < 0.001) were evident. Follow-up tests revealed that decreased thought suppression was exclusive to psilocybin responders, whereas rumination decreased in both responder groups. In the psilocybin arm, decreases in rumination and thought suppression correlated with ego dissolution and session-linked psychological insight.ConclusionsThese data provide further evidence on the therapeutic mechanisms of psilocybin and escitalopram in the treatment of depression.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2022-09-05", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2022.565", "pubmed_id": "36065128", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.565", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36065128\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":57,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1534895897\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014891896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030767477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034323533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081064950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2728383199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796377954\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157759986\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211130665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237812064\",\"https://openalex.org/W4253507931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300870773\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005427567\",\"display_name\":\"Tommaso Barba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-4628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027485819\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Buehler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002649940\",\"display_name\":\"Caterina Radu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6386-8857\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028567759\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi Cunha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.565\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4294808278" }, { "id": 1606, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies for Older Adults: Knowns and Unknowns.", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psychedelic assisted therapies for older adults knowns and unknowns", "authors": "Johnston CB, Mangini M, Grob C, Anderson B.", "abstract": "Psychedelics and related compounds have shown efficacy for the treatment of a variety of conditions that are prevalent among older adults, including mood disorders, the psychological distress associated with a serious medical illness, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and prolonged grief disorder. Psychedelics also have properties that could help provide therapeutic benefits for patients with dementing disorders, as well as promoting personal growth among healthy older adults. This article focuses on psilocybin, a classic psychedelic, and MDMA, a substituted amphetamine with properties similar to classic psychedelics. Both act on the 5HT2A receptor. Psychedelics can be safely administered to healthy adults in controlled conditions. However, both psilocybin and MDMA can increase blood pressure and heart rate, which could be a concern if used in older adults with cardiovascular disease. Very few older adults or patients with serious comorbidities have been included in clinical trials of psychedelics to date, raising the question of how generalizable study results are for the patients that most geropsychiatrists will be treating. Research on the neurophysiologic and mechanistic effects of psychedelics in older adults could also provide insights into the aging brain that could have clinical applications in the future. Given the potential of psychedelic compounds to benefit older adults, more research is needed to establish safety and efficacy among older adults, particularly those with multi-morbidity.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-09-05", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jagp.2022.08.007", "pubmed_id": "36184377", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2022.08.007", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Aged, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36184377\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Older Adults,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4294723946" }, { "id": 1520, "title": "Microdosing psilocybin for chronic pain: a case series.", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin for chronic pain a case series", "authors": "Lyes M, Yang KH, Castellanos J, Furnish T.", "abstract": "AbstractPsychedelic serotonergic agonists such as psilocybin have recently been shown to produce sustained benefit in refractory depression, end of life anxiety, and addiction when administered in hallucinogenic doses and coupled with psychotherapy. Although it has been suggested that similar high-dose protocols may help chronic pain conditions, there are few published clinical trials of psychedelics for pain. The use of these agents in subpsychedelic doses for chronic pain management has received even less attention. This case series details the experiences of 3 individuals who have used low-dose psilocybin to manage chronic neuropathic pain. Although the nature and etiology of each patient's pain vary, they share a common experience, including inefficacy of current therapeutics and decreased quality of life. Through self-administration of psilocybin, these patients have achieved robust pain relief with decreased reliance on traditional analgesic medications. Despite varying preparations and uncertain potencies, the analgesic effects for all 3 patients occurred at doses without a psychedelic experience and with minimal cognitive or somatic adverse effects. Furthermore, the efficacy of pain relief and, in some cases, the duration of the effect were magnified when coupled with functional exercise. In addition, in 1 case, repeated dosing seemed to produce increased relief, suggesting a possible long-term plasticity-mediated effect. These commonalities highlight psilocybin's therapeutic potential in the treatment of chronic pain that warrants further investigation.", "journal": "Pain", "publication_date": "2022-09-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002778", "pubmed_id": "36066961", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002778", "keywords": "Humans, Chronic Disease, Analgesics, Hallucinogens, Quality of Life, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36066961\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294804950\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294804950\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":55,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1933122943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965999023\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086009833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164981793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474274656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2751240458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794118706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804789712\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969627127\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023228010\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081126678\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213721934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200034096\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205164075\",\"https://openalex.org/W6681909555\",\"https://openalex.org/W6755427838\",\"https://openalex.org/W6804381157\",\"https://openalex.org/W6805826762\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063866541\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Lyes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5814-6382\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044401296\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin H. Yang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1451-258X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017645194\",\"display_name\":\"Joel Castellanos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-7260\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000306300\",\"display_name\":\"Timothy Furnish\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4615-3366\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S140848990\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pain\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002778\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Case Report", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4294804950" }, { "id": 1702, "title": "[The use of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression].", "normalized_title": "the use of psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Johannesdottir A, Sigurdsson E.", "abstract": "The hallucinogen psilocybin is a potential novel treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Our goal is to review current knowledge on psilocybin and its efficacy in TRD. Literature searches were done on PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar, references reviewed in identified articles and other articles found on the website of COMPASS Pathways. Psilocybin treatment consists usually of a single oral administration of 25 mg of psilocybin along with psychological support for 5-8 hours during the ensuing hallucinogenic trip. Common side-effects include headache, nausea, fatigue and insomnia. A systematic review has demonstrated significant antidepressant efficacy in certain groups and a double-blind randomized study found antidepressant efficacy of psilocybin comparable to the SSRI escitalopram. In the phase 2 study of COMPASS Pathways, the psilocybin-COMP360 treatment led to a rapid response and remission as early as three weeks following the treatment for around one third of participants. Recent studies have shown that psilocybin significantly decreases the severity of depressive symptoms and is generally well tolerated. Further research will reveal whether it will be granted a license to treat treatment-resistant depression in the near future. There remains an urgent need for novel treatments for those who do not respond to current antidepressant therapies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.17992/lbl.2022.09.706", "pubmed_id": "36040772", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2022.09.706", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36040772\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1694, "title": "The Use of Psychedelics in the Treatment of Medical Conditions: An Analysis of Currently Registered Psychedelics Studies in the American Drug Trial Registry.", "normalized_title": "the use of psychedelics in the treatment of medical conditions an analysis of currently registered psychedelics studies in the american drug trial registry", "authors": "Kurtz JS, Patel NA, Gendreau JL, Yang C, Brown N, Bui N, Picton B, Harris M, Hatter M, Beyer R, Sahyouni R, Diaz-Aguilar LD, Castellanos J, Schuster N, Abraham ME", "abstract": "Although early therapeutic research on psychedelics dates back to the 1940s, this field of investigation was met with many cultural and legal challenges in the 1970s. Over the past two decades, clinical trials using psychedelics have resumed. Therefore, the goal of this study was to (1) better characterize the recent uptrend in psychedelics in clinical trials and (2) identify areas where potentially new clinical trials could be initiated to help in the treatment of widely prevalent medical disorders. A systematic search was conducted on the clinicaltrials.gov database for all registered clinical trials examining the use of psychedelic drugs and was both qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. Analysis of recent studies registered in clinicaltrials.gov was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient testing. Statistical analysis and visualization were performed using R software. In totality, 105 clinical trials met this study's inclusion criteria. The recent uptrend in registered clinical trials studying psychedelics (p = 0.002) was similar to the uptrend in total registered clinical trials in the registry (p < 0.001). All trials took place from 2007 to 2020, with 77.1% of studies starting in 2017 or later. A majority of clinical trials were in phase 1 (53.3%) or phase 2 (25.7%). Common disorders treated include substance addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, and major depressive disorder. Potential research gaps include studying psychedelics as a potential option for symptomatic treatment during opioid tapering. There appears to be a recent uptrend in registered clinical trials studying psychedelics, which is similar to the recent increase in overall trials registered. Potentially, more studies could be performed to evaluate the potential of psychedelics for symptomatic treatment during opioid tapering and depression refractory to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.", "journal": "Cureus", "publication_date": "2022-08-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.29167", "pubmed_id": "36259015", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36259015/", "keywords": "clinical trials, major depressive disorder, mdma, post traumatic stress disorder, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36259015\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1680, "title": "Adverse events in clinical treatments with serotonergic psychedelics and MDMA: A mixed-methods systematic review.", "normalized_title": "adverse events in clinical treatments with serotonergic psychedelics and mdma a mixed methods systematic review", "authors": "Breeksema JJ, Kuin BW, Kamphuis J, van den Brink W, Vermetten E, Schoevers RA.", "abstract": "IntroductionSmall-scale clinical studies with psychedelic drugs have shown promising results for the treatment of several mental disorders. Before psychedelics become registered medicines, it is important to know the full range of adverse events (AEs) for making balanced treatment decisions.ObjectiveTo systematically review the presence of AEs during and after administration of serotonergic psychedelics and 3,4-methyenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in clinical studies.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov for clinical trials with psychedelics since 2000 describing the results of quantitative and qualitative studies.ResultsWe included 44 articles (34 quantitative + 10 qualitative), describing treatments with MDMA and serotonergic psychedelics (psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and ayahuasca) in 598 unique patients. In many studies, AEs were not systematically assessed. Despite this limitation, treatments seemed to be overall well tolerated. Nausea, headaches, and anxiety were commonly reported acute AEs across diagnoses and compounds. Late AEs included headaches (psilocybin, MDMA), fatigue, low mood, and anxiety (MDMA). One serious AE occurred during MDMA administration (increase in premature ventricular contractions requiring brief hospitalization); no other AEs required medical intervention. Qualitative studies suggested that psychologically challenging experiences may also be therapeutically beneficial. Except for ayahuasca, a large proportion of patients had prior experience with psychedelic drugs before entering studies.ConclusionsAEs are poorly defined in the context of psychedelic treatments and are probably underreported in the literature due to study design (lack of systematic assessment of AEs) and sample selection. Acute challenging experiences may be therapeutically meaningful, but a better understanding of AEs in the context of psychedelic treatments requires systematic and detailed reporting.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-25", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221116926", "pubmed_id": "36017784", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221116926", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Headache, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36017784\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1608, "title": "The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Task Force Report: Serotonergic Psychedelic Treatments for Major Depressive Disorder.", "normalized_title": "the canadian network for mood and anxiety treatments canmat task force report serotonergic psychedelic treatments for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Rosenblat JD, Husain MI, Lee Y, McIntyre RS, Mansur RB, Castle D, Offman H, Parikh SV, Frey BN, Schaffer A, Greenway KT, Garel N, Beaulieu S, Kennedy SH, Lam RW, Milev R, Ravindran AV, Tourjman V, Ameringen MV, Yatham LN, Taylor V.", "abstract": "ObjectiveSerotonergic psychedelics are re-emerging as potential novel treatments for several psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder. The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) convened a task force to review the evidence and provide a consensus recommendation for the clinical use of psychedelic treatments for major depressive disorder.MethodsA systematic review was conducted to identify contemporary clinical trials of serotonergic psychedelics for the treatment of major depressive disorder and cancer-related depression. Studies published between January 1990 and July 2021 were identified using combinations of search terms, inspection of bibliographies and review of other psychedelic reviews and consensus statements. The levels of evidence for efficacy were graded according to the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments criteria.ResultsOnly psilocybin and ayahuasca have contemporary clinical trials evaluating antidepressant effects. Two pilot studies showed preliminary positive effects of single-dose ayahuasca for treatment-resistant depression (Level 3 evidence). Small randomized controlled trials of psilocybin combined with psychotherapy showed superiority to waitlist controls and comparable efficacy and safety to an active comparator (escitalopram with supportive psychotherapy) in major depressive disorder, with additional randomized controlled trials showing efficacy specifically in cancer-related depression (Level 3 evidence). There was only one open-label trial of psilocybin in treatment-resistant unipolar depression (Level 4 evidence). Small sample sizes and functional unblinding were major limitations in all studies. Adverse events associated with psychedelics, including psychological (e.g., psychotomimetic effects) and physical (e.g., nausea, emesis and headaches) effects, were generally transient.ConclusionsThere is currently only low-level evidence to support the efficacy and safety of psychedelics for major depressive disorder. In Canada, as of 2022, psilocybin remains an experimental option that is only available through clinical trials or the special access program. As such, Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments considers psilocybin an experimental treatment and recommends its use primarily within clinical trials, or, less commonly, through the special access program in rare, special circumstances.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-16", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/07067437221111371", "pubmed_id": "35975555", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437221111371", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Canada, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35975555\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1686, "title": "Psilocybin Efficacy and Mechanisms of Action in Major Depressive Disorder: a Review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin efficacy and mechanisms of action in major depressive disorder a review", "authors": "Prouzeau D, Conejero I, Voyvodic PL, Becamel C, Abbar M, Lopez-Castroman J.", "abstract": "Purpose of the reviewWe aim to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of depression, as well as its mechanisms of action.Recent findingsPsilocybin has a large, rapid, and persistent clinical effect in the treatment of resistant or end-of-life depression. Tolerance is good, with mild side effects limited to a few hours after dosing. The studies conducted to date have had small sample sizes. One clinical trial has been conducted against a reference treatment (escitalopram) without showing a significant superiority of psilocybin in the main outcome. The neurobiological mechanisms, mostly unknown, differ from those of SSRI antidepressants. Psilocybin represents a promising alternative in the treatment of depression. Further research with larger sample sizes, particularly against reference treatments, is needed to better understand the neurobiological factors of its effects and to investigate its potential for use in everyday practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-11", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-022-01361-0", "pubmed_id": "35953638", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-022-01361-0", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35953638\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3554, "title": "Prophylactic Effects of Psilocybin on Chronic Cluster Headache: an Open-label Clinical Trial and Neuroimaging Study", "normalized_title": "prophylactic effects of psilocybin on chronic cluster headache an open label clinical trial and neuroimaging study", "authors": "Gitte Moos Knudsen", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to investigate the prophylactic effects of psilocybin in chronic cluster headache. Subjects will receive a low dose of psilocybin during 3 sessions spaced by one week. Subjects will maintain a headache diary prior to, during, and after the administrations in order to document headache frequency, intensity and duration. Subjects will undergo a fMRI scanning before the first and after the last psilocybin session. Cluster headache (CH) is one of the most painful conditions known. CH affects 1 out 1000 and exists in two well-defined forms: episodic (ECH) and chronic (CCH). Ten to fifteen percent of patients have CCH and have less than three months of pain-free time during a year. Medical treatment for CH is divided into acute abortive treatment for the single attack and a prophylactic treatment. The most commonly used prophylactic, verapamil, decreases attack frequency but does not induce remission and very high doses are needed. Although most therapeutic options ameliorate CH, they may be problematic due to major side effects, unsatisfactory treatment response or availability. Thus, novel treatment options are needed. According to several studies, patients that self-medicate with low doses of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonist and psychedelic psilocybin report that this is effective as CH prophylaxis or even to induce remission. So far, no clinical trials to confirm this have been conducted, nor is there any objective measures of brain function in association with psilocybin intake in CH. There is, however, already some evidence from functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) imaging studies suggesting that CH patients have abnormal functional connectivity patterns involving the hypothalamus and distributed brain networks, but the implication of these abnormalities is unknown. The investigators are conducting a prospective pilot study, evaluating prophylactic effects of psilocybin in CCH using an open-label study design. They're also going to investigate psilocybin's active metabolite psilocin and brain function (fMRI) to identify possible brain mechanisms underlying CCH and treatment response, including the correlation of treatment response with psilocin levels and estimated 5-HT2AR occupancy and the extent to which brain network changes are affected by psilocybin and correlated with treatment response. Effects of psilocybin on headache frequency, duration and intensity will be assessed in a sample of 20 patients with CCH. Participants will fill out headache logs during the entire study period, in total 10 weeks. Before study inclusion, participants taking prophylactic medication will first go through a 2-week wash-out period to allow for elimination of the medicine. Inclusion is followed by a baseline observation period lasting four weeks, after which patients will first undergo a baseline rs fMRI scanning followed by the first dose of 0.14 mg/kg psilocybin p.o. Blood samples will be collected during the first psilocybin intervention to establish psilocin plasma concentrations, which will be used for estimating receptor occupancy. Participants will then undergo two additional psilocybin administrations spaced by one-week. The last psilocybin dose will be followed by 4 weeks of observation. One week after the last administration of psilocybin, participants will undergo a follow-up MRI scan. Participants will be contacted 3, 6 and 12 months after the last psilocybin dose to gain information about the duration of potential remission periods. All regular acute treatments are permitted during the study period and a systematic record hereof has to be noted in the headache diary. No other prophylactic medication is allowed during the trial and at least a two-week washout period before inclusion is required. Prophylactics are allowed again after the 4 weeks follow-up, with dose and type carefully recorded. Participants will fill out questionnaires during the observation period, in conjunction with psilocybin interventions and at follow-up.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-08-09", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04280055", "keywords": "Cluster Headache, Psilocybin, TERMINATED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04280055\",\"overall_status\":\"TERMINATED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1651, "title": "The Watts Connectedness Scale: a new scale for measuring a sense of connectedness to self, others, and world.", "normalized_title": "the watts connectedness scale a new scale for measuring a sense of connectedness to self others and world", "authors": "Watts R, Kettner H, Geerts D, Gandy S, Kartner L, Mertens L, Timmermann C, Nour MM, Kaelen M, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R, Roseman L.", "abstract": "RationaleA general feeling of disconnection has been associated with mental and emotional suffering. Improvements to a sense of connectedness to self, others and the wider world have been reported by participants in clinical trials of psychedelic therapy. Such accounts have led us to a definition of the psychological construct of 'connectedness' as 'a state of feeling connected to self, others and the wider world'. Existing tools for measuring connectedness have focused on particular aspects of connectedness, such as 'social connectedness' or 'nature connectedness', which we hypothesise to be different expressions of a common factor of connectedness. Here, we sought to develop a new scale to measure connectedness as a construct with these multiple domains. We hypothesised that (1) our scale would measure three separable subscale factors pertaining to a felt connection to 'self', 'others' and 'world' and (2) improvements in total and subscale WCS scores would correlate with improved mental health outcomes post psychedelic use.ObjectivesTo validate and test the 'Watts Connectedness Scale' (WCS).MethodsPsychometric validation of the WCS was carried out using data from three independent studies. Firstly, we pooled data from two prospective observational online survey studies. The WCS was completed before and after a planned psychedelic experience. The total sample of completers from the online surveys was N = 1226. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed, and construct and criterion validity were tested. A third dataset was derived from a double-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing psilocybin-assisted therapy (n = 27) with 6 weeks of daily escitalopram (n = 25) for major depressive disorder (MDD), where the WCS was completed at baseline and at a 6-week primary endpoint.ResultsAs hypothesised, factor analysis of all WCS items revealed three main factors with good internal consistency. WCS showed good construct validity. Significant post-psychedelic increases were observed for total connectedness scores (η2 = 0.339, p", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-08-07", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06187-5", "pubmed_id": "35939083", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06187-5", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Emotions, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35939083\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008270587\",\"display_name\":\"Dana Geerts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069610539\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Gandy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2877-6244\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044522468\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Kärtner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055329548\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-377X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073964938\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew M. Nour\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-6184\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06187-5\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4290631853" }, { "id": 4946, "title": "Med Check: Psilocybin for OCD, Nuplazid Vote, and More", "normalized_title": "med check psilocybin for ocd nuplazid vote and more", "authors": "Terri D’Arrigo", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Med CheckFull AccessMed Check: Psilocybin for OCD, Nuplazid Vote, and MoreTerri D’ArrigoTerri D’ArrigoSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:4 Aug 2022https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.08.8.2AD109 Fast Tracked for Obstructive Sleep ApneaThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has given fast track status to AD109, an investigational oral medication for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, Apnimed announced in June. The FDA fast track is a process designed to facilitate the development of drugs that treat serious conditions and fill an unmet medical need and to expedite their review.AD109 contains the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine and the selective antimuscarinic aroxybutynin. AD109 targets key neurological pathways that cause upper airway obstruction during sleep by activating the upper airway dilator muscles and maintaining an open airway during sleep.In a phase 2 trial of 32 adults with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea, patients who took AD109 experienced less hypoxic burden compared with patients who took placebo. Hypoxic burden is a measure of the total amount of respiratory event-related hypoxemia, or low blood oxygen during sleep. Patients who took AD109 also had fewer episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour of sleep compared with patients who took placebo. Ceruvia to Begin Phase 2 Trial of Psilocybin for OCDThe FDA has accepted Ceruvia Lifesciences’ Investigational New Drug application for a phase 2 clinical trial to determine the efficacy and safety of SYNP-101 (synthetic psilocybin) for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the company announced in June.In the trial, 105 patients with OCD will receive 25 mg of SYNP-101 or the active placebo niacin. The primary endpoint of the trial will be to determine the reduction in OCD symptoms for up to 12 weeks after a single dose of SYNP-101. Researchers will determine the drug’s efficacy using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. FDA Advisory Committee Votes Down Nuplazid for Alzheimer’s PsychosisIn June the FDA Psychopharmacologic Drugs Advisory Committee voted 9 to 3 that available evidence does not support Nuplazid (pimavanserin) for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Alzheimer’s disease psychosis, Acadia Pharmaceuticals announced. The drug is currently approved for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson’s disease psychosis.The company submitted the application in 2020 after the phase 3 HARMONY trial suggested that pimavanserin may reduce the risk of psychosis relapse in patients with common subtypes of dementia including Alzheimer’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson’s disease dementia, vascular dementia, and frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders. However, the advisory committee noted that study’s conclusions about the primary endpoint-the effect of pimavanserin on time to relapse of psychosis-appeared to spring mostly from the results in patients with psychosis from Parkinson’s disease, not Alzheimer’s disease.The advisory committee also questioned the findings of a phase 2 trial of pimavanserin in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The committee said the trial was not well controlled and that more than half of the patients in both the treatment and placebo groups deviated from the trial’s protocol.The FDA does not have to act on the advisory committee’s recommendations, although the agency will consider them in making a decision on whether to approve pimavanserin for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Alzheimer’s disease psychosis. The target date for FDA action is August 4, 2022. AbbVie Submits Supplemental NDA for Qulipta for Migraine PreventionIn June AbbVie announced that it has submitted a supplemental New Drug Application to the FDA to expand the labeling for Qulipta (atogepant) to include prevention of chronic migraine in adults. The drug is currently approved for the preventive treatment of episodic, not chronic, migraine in adults.The submission includes data from the phase 3 PROGRESS trial in patients with chronic migraine, which found that adults with chronic migraine who took the drug experienced fewer monthly migraine days over the course of 12 weeks compared with those who took placebo.In the trial, more than 750 patients with at least a one-year history of chronic migraine were randomized to receive 60 mg of atogepant once a day, 30 mg of atogepant twice a day, or placebo for 12 weeks. All patients had at least 15 headache days with at least eight migraine days in the 28 days before randomization. The trial consisted of two analyses based on regulatory agency feedback in the United States and European Union.The U.S. analysis revealed that patients in the 60 mg and 30 mg atogepant arms experienced a decrease of 6.88 and 7.46 monthly migraine days, respectively, compared with patients in the placebo arm, who experienced a decrease of 5.05 monthly migraine days. The European Union analysis revealed that patients in the 60 mg and 30 mg atogepant arms experienced a decrease of 6.75 and 7.33 monthly migraine days, respectively, compared with patients in the placebo arm, who experienced a decrease of 5.09 monthly migraine days. Zuranolone Promising for Postpartum DepressionZuranolone may reduce symptoms of postpartum depression, the phase 3 SKYLARK Study has found. The results of the study were announced by Sage Therapeutics and Biogen in June.In the trial, 195 women with postpartum depression were randomized to take either 50 mg of zuranolone or placebo once per night for 14 days. On Day 15, scores on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression dropped a mean of 15.6 points among women who took zuranolone compared with a mean decrease in score of 11.6 points among women who took placebo. Women who took zuranolone also experienced greater improvement in their depressive symptoms as measured by the Clinical Global Depression Severity Scale than those who took placebo. ■ ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2022-07-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2022.08.8.2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.08.8.2", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Placebo, Atomoxetine, Obstructive sleep apnea, Anesthesia, Apnea, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Methylphenidate, Hallucinogen, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4289781881\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4289781881\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056763663\",\"display_name\":\"Terri D’Arrigo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.08.8.2\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4289781881" }, { "id": 4948, "title": "Psilocybin: crystal structure solutions enable phase analysis of prior art and recently patented examples", "normalized_title": "psilocybin crystal structure solutions enable phase analysis of prior art and recently patented examples", "authors": "James A. Kaduk, Alexander M. Sherwood, Robert B. Kargbo, Kristi W. Kaylo, Poncho Meisenheimer, Nicholas V. Cozzi", "abstract": "Psilocybin (systematic name: 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate) is a zwitterionic tryptamine natural product found in numerous species of fungi known for their psychoactive properties. Following its structural elucidation and chemical synthesis in 1959, purified synthetic psilocybin has been evaluated in clinical trials, and has shown promise in its utility for the alleviation of suffering associated with various mental health disorders. In a recent process-scale crystallization investigation, three crystalline forms of psilocybin were repeatedly observed: Hydrate A, Polymorph A, and Polymorph B. The crystal structure for Hydrate A was previously solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction. This report presents new crystal structure solutions for the two anhydrates, Polymorph A and Polymorph B, based on Rietveld refinement using laboratory and synchrotron X-ray diffraction data and density functional theory (DFT) optimizations. Utilizing the three solved structures, investigation was conducted via Rietveld method (RM) based quantitative phase analysis (QPA) to estimate the contribution of the three different forms in powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns of different sources of bulk psilocybin produced between 1963 and 2021. Over the last 57 years, each of these samples quantitatively reflect one or more of the hydrate and anhydrate polymorphs. In addition to quantitatively evaluating the composition of each sample, this paper evaluates correlations between the crystal forms present, corresponding process methods, sample age, and storage conditions. Further, revision is recommended on characterizations in recently granted patents that include descriptions of crystalline psilocybin inappropriately reported as a single phase \"isostructural variant\". Rietveld refinement demonstrated that the claimed material was composed of approximately 81% Polymorph A and 19% Polymorph B, both of which have been identified in historical samples. We show conclusively that all published data can be explained in terms of three well defined forms of psilocybin and that no additional forms are needed to explain the diffraction patterns.", "journal": "Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances", "publication_date": "2022-07-28", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1107/s2053273322097261", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1107/s2053273322097261", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Phase (matter), Materials science, Crystal structure, Chemistry, Crystallography, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Organic chemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4295955816\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4295955816\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016205307\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Kaduk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6610-541X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025194246\",\"display_name\":\"Kristi W. Kaylo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002485823\",\"display_name\":\"Poncho Meisenheimer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1918-3153\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037184848\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas V. Cozzi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-6063\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393918093\",\"source_display_name\":\"Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1107/s2053273322097261\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4295955816" }, { "id": 3594, "title": "Evaluation of Psilocybin in Anorexia Nervosa: Safety and Efficacy", "normalized_title": "evaluation of psilocybin in anorexia nervosa safety and efficacy", "authors": "University of California, San Diego", "abstract": "The primary aim of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of one 25 mg dose of psilocybin in participants with anorexia nervosa based on adverse events (AEs), changes in vital signs, electrocardiograms (ECGs) and clinical laboratory tests. The secondary objectives are to explore the efficacy of a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin on eating disorder symptoms and behaviors, body image, anxiety, food related obsessions and rituals, and body weight. Because there are no proven treatments that normalize core symptoms in adult anorexia nervosa, a disorder with high chronicity, many individuals seek out alternative approaches to care. Recent evidence has suggested that anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, and diminished reward or motivation play key roles in the development and maintenance of dysfunctional eating, and poor outcome. In recent years, a growing number of studies have demonstrated the safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin in clinical trials for a range of psychiatric illnesses including treatment resistant depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, addiction, and anxiety. Psilocybin may represent a promising new treatment for anorexia nervosa. However, no studies have tested psilocybin in this eating disorder population. Accordingly, this study aims to establish the safety, tolerability and dosing of psilocybin in adult patients with anorexia nervosa, as well as gather pilot data on possible efficacy. For this study, the investigators will recruit adults who currently have a DSM-V diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Participants will undergo medical and psychological screening and those who are deemed eligible will partake in a maximum of 7 study visits, lasting from 4-8 weeks. On dosing day, participants will receive a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin along with psychotherapeutic support, which includes preparation and integration sessions surrounding the experience. There will be a follow-up period of one month following the psilocybin session during which a range of psychological measures (questionnaires and interviews) will be collected.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-07-24", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04661514", "keywords": "Anorexia Nervosa, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04661514\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3220, "title": "Psilocybin-induced reduction in chronic cluster headache attack frequency correlates with changes in hypothalamic functional connectivity", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced reduction in chronic cluster headache attack frequency correlates with changes in hypothalamic functional connectivity", "authors": "Madsen MK, Petersen AS, Stenbæk DS, Sørensen IM, Schiønning H, Fjeld T, Nykjær CH, Ulv Larsen SM, Grzywacz M, Mathiesen T, Klausen IL, Overgaard-Hansen O, Brendstrup-Brix K, Linnet K, Johansen SS, Fisher PM, Jensen RH, Knudsen GM.", "abstract": "Chronic cluster headache (CCH) is an excruciating disorder of unknown pathophysiology, but hypothalamic dysfunction has been implicated. CCH is difficult to treat but on a case-basis, the psychedelic compound psilocybin is said to have beneficial effects. In this first-ever clinical trial ( NCT04280055 ), we evaluate in a small open-label study of CCH patients the feasibility and prophylactic effect of three low-to-moderate doses of psilocybin as well as effects on hypothalamic functional connectivity (FC), using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment was well-tolerated and without serious adverse reactions. Attack frequency was on average reduced by 30% from baseline to follow-up (P FWER =0.008). One patient experienced 21 weeks of complete remission. Changes in hypothalamic-diencephalic FC correlated negatively with relative reduction in attack frequency, implicating this neural pathway in treatment response. Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm the safety and prophylactic efficacy of psilocybin for CCH and hypothalamic involvement in treatment response.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2022-07-09", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1101/2022.07.10.22277414", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.10.22277414", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR516560\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1738, "title": "Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression", "authors": "Bosch OG, Halm S, Seifritz E.", "abstract": "This is a narrative review about the role of classic and two atypical psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression. Since the 1990s, psychedelics experience a renaissance in biomedical research. The so-called classic psychedelics include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, mescaline and ayahuasca. Characteristic effects like alterations in sensory perception, as well as emotion- and self-processing are induced by stimulation of serotonin 2A receptors in cortical areas. The new paradigm of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy suggests a therapeutic framework in which a safely conducted psychedelic experience is integrated into a continuous psychotherapeutic process. First randomized, controlled trials with psilocybin show promising efficacy, tolerability, and adherence in the treatment of unipolar depression. On the other hand, classic psychedelics seem to be associated with the induction of mania, which is an important issue to consider for the design of research and clinical protocols. So called atypical psychedelics are a heterogeneous group with overlapping subjective effects but different neurobiological mechanisms. Two examples of therapeutic value in psychiatry are 3,4-methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine (MDMA) and ketamine. Since 2020 the ketamine enantiomer esketamine has been granted international approval for treatment-resistant unipolar depression, and also first evidence exists for the therapeutic efficacy of ketamine in bipolar depression. Whether psychedelics will fulfil current expectations and find their way into broader clinical use will depend on future rigorous clinical trials with larger sample sizes. A well-considered therapeutic and legal framework will be crucial for these substances to create new treatment settings and a potential paradigm shift.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-07-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1186/s40345-022-00265-5", "pubmed_id": "35788817", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40345-022-00265-5", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35788817\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1693, "title": "Psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders", "authors": "da Costa SC, Oesterle T, Rummans TA, Richelson E, Gold M.", "abstract": "Existing pharmacological treatments for psychiatric disorders have demonstrated limited efficacy, delayed onset of action, and significant burden of side effects. Recent findings from human studies with psychedelics have shown promise, demonstrating rapid and sustained clinical benefits of these compounds for a variety of psychiatric disorders. Classical psychedelics have a rich history and some of these compounds have been used in shamanic and spiritual ceremonies for millennia. The psychoactive effects of these drugs, particularly on human consciousness, have generated great scientific curiosity, and early research on psychedelics suggested their clinical benefits for psychiatric conditions, including alcohol use disorders and anxiety and depressive symptoms in terminal illness and life-threatening conditions. Since the 1990s, after a period of dormancy that followed the criminalization of psychedelic drugs since the Controlled Substance Act of 1970, the continued interest in their unique psychoactive effects along with the pursuit for novel and more effective treatments in psychiatry have led to a renewed interest in research on these compounds. While preliminary findings on psychedelics are encouraging, current evidence is still insufficient to support extensive use of these drugs routinely. Long-term safety and efficacy of these compounds remain unclear, and several clinical trials are underway and may add clarity to these questions. Therefore, this article intends to provide an overview of the evidence to date on psychedelic drugs - particularly psilocybin, MDMA, and LSD - for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-07-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jns.2022.120332", "pubmed_id": "35841696", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2022.120332", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35841696\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Consciousness,Aging,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3653, "title": "Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Assessing the Efficacy of Micro-dosed Psilocybin in Reducing Anxiety and or Depression Levels in Adults", "normalized_title": "randomized double blind placebo controlled assessing the efficacy of micro dosed psilocybin in reducing anxiety and or depression levels in adults", "authors": "Wake Network, Inc.", "abstract": "To investigate the efficacy of a 16 week treatment with PSIL428 patient reported anxiety levels in otherwise healthy individuals suffering from depression and or anxiety symptoms. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessing the efficacy of micro-dosed psilocybin on reducing anxiety and/or depression levels in adults Study summary: The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation reported that Anxiety disorders currently affect an estimated 275 million people worldwide, about one in 13 people (7.3 percent). COVID-19 has accelerated the rate of new anxiety diagnoses and exacerbated pre-existing diagnoses of anxiety in individuals worldwide. The effectiveness of full dose psilocybin for treatment of anxiety and depression has been shown in a number of clinical trials. While there is a significant evidence of clinical efficacy of full dose psilocybin, acute effects of the dose result in a significant impairment - perceptual and sensory distortions incapacitating the patient for the duration of drug activity. Recent work suggests while not producing perceptual changes, micro-dosing may indeed be associated with improved mood and enhanced well-being. The practice of micro-dosing is gaining popularity in the general population, while clinical data on its safety and efficacy is lacking. This will be a novel randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aimed at establishment of safety and anxiolytic efficacy of psilocybin PSIL428 administered in a micro-dosing regimen (2-5% of a full therapeutic dose) to adults suffering from depression or anxiety. The primary outcome of this study is the change in anxiety and/or depression levels from screening to week 16. Participant anxiety levels will be monitored through Beck Anxiety inventory, depression levels - through Beck Depression Inventory forms on a bi-weekly basis across the course of the study. Study Drug PSIL428 is an experimental intervention and the active ingredient psilocybin is botanically derived. Similar interventions are currently undergoing Phase IIb/III clinical trials in international jurisdictions. It is being assessed for treatment of depressive disorders. Typically psilocybin used in full therapeutic doses associated with significant acute adverse effects. The proposed trial would utilize psilocybin in different dosing regimen - as micro-dosing - ingesting of sub-perceptual doses of the drug equal to 2-10% of the full dose. The micro-dosing practice is gaining significant popularity world-wide, however evidence-based data around it is minimal. Risks and benefits associated with the trial are not definitively established, however existing pre-clinical and clinical data around full-dose use of the drug carries a favorable risk-benefit potential. The trial will be conducted in accordance with the most recently acceptable version of the Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice (GCP) according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and applicable Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). The trial will be conducted under a protocol reviewed and approved by an IRB; the trial will be conducted by scientifically and medically qualified persons; the benefits of the study are in proportion to the risks; the rights and welfare of the subjects will be respected; each subject will give his or her written informed consent before any protocol-driven tests or evaluations are performed. The investigators are responsible for obtaining informed consent in adherence to GCP and according to applicable regulations prior to entering the subject into the trial. A positive change in Beck Anxiety and/or Beck Depression numeric levels between PSIL428 and placebo groups will mark our primary outcome achievement of confirming beneficial effects of micro-dose-administered psilocybin on study participants' overall anxiety and/or depression levels", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-06-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04989972", "keywords": "Anxiety and Depression, PSIL428, Oyster mushroom, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04989972\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1753, "title": "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-Assisted Therapy in Hawaii: A Brief Review.", "normalized_title": "3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine mdma assisted therapy in hawaii a brief review", "authors": "Inouye A, Wolfgang A.", "abstract": "The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted breakthrough therapy status to 3,4-methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine-assisted therapy (MDMA-AT) in 2017 due to preliminary evidence supporting its efficacy and safety in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A series of six phase-II clinical trials studying MDMA-AT for treatment-resistant PTSD found that 54% of MDMA-AT full-dose participants no longer met the diagnosis of PTSD after two MDMA sessions, compared to 23% in the control group. In the first phase-III clinical trial, 67% no longer met the criteria for PTSD after three sessions. The effects are durable, with 67% no longer diagnosable after one year and 74% at nearly four years. The MDMA-AT is being fast-tracked for potential FDA approval by 2023. In 2021, Hawaii's Senate Bill 738 unsuccessfully proposed that psilocybin be removed from the Schedule I controlled substances list due to its clinical efficacy for major depressive disorder. Methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine is also a Schedule I controlled substance and has proven to be a treatment option that could potentially benefit the people of Hawaii.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-06-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.26402", "pubmed_id": "35915689", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.26402", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35915689\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1759, "title": "Validation of the forced swim test in Drosophila, and its use to demonstrate psilocybin has long-lasting antidepressant-like effects in flies.", "normalized_title": "validation of the forced swim test in drosophila and its use to demonstrate psilocybin has long lasting antidepressant like effects in flies", "authors": "Hibicke M, Nichols CD.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has been shown to be a powerful, long-lasting antidepressant in human clinical trials and in rodent models. Although rodents have commonly been used to model psychiatric disorders, Drosophila have neurotransmitter systems similar to mammals and many comparable brain structures involved in similar behaviors. The forced swim test (FST), which has been used extensively to evaluate compounds for antidepressant efficacy, has recently been adapted for Drosophila. The fly FST has potential to be a cost-effective, high-throughput assay for evaluating potential antidepressants. For this study we pharmacologically validated the fly FST using methamphetamine, DL-α-methyltyrosine, and the antidepressant citalopram. While methamphetamine and DL-α-methyltyrosine altered overall locomotor activity in the Drosophila Activity Monitor System (DAMS), they had no significant impact on measures of immobility in the FST. Conversely, chronic citalopram decreased measures of immobility in the FST in both sexes without increasing DAMS activity. We used the validated FST to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of high (3.5 mM) and low (0.03 mM) doses of psilocybin. Both doses of psilocybin significantly reduced measures of immobility in male flies, but not females. 0.03 mM had an effect size comparable to chronic citalopram, and 3.5 mM had an effect size approximately twice that of chronic citalopram.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2022-06-14", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-14165-2", "pubmed_id": "35705666", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14165-2", "keywords": "Animals, Mammals, Humans, Drosophila, Methamphetamine, Citalopram, alpha-Methyltyrosine, Antidepressive Agents, Motor Activity, Swimming, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35705666\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4282963889\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4282963889\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":25,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1558137567\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971510748\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005526530\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011685750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013598219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014237500\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020727025\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022460284\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029402435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045076787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075235229\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089299823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124957478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128126778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134295642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143608139\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169891500\",\"https://openalex.org/W2265778325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2306654525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2400586890\",\"https://openalex.org/W2400665110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2529339498\",\"https://openalex.org/W2531323081\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596554562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626084998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804926955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943374329\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974412836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980349585\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009608926\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105750152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229805339\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008298741\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan Hibicke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9394-9789\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062966169\",\"display_name\":\"Charles D. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-0646\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14165-2\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4282963889" }, { "id": 4961, "title": "Neuropharmacological analysis of the anti-addictive and therapeutic effects of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "neuropharmacological analysis of the anti addictive and therapeutic effects of psilocybin", "authors": "Anthony Principe", "abstract": "This review presents a general background of psilocybin pharmacology and discusses its uses in treating various mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. A summary of preliminary clinical trials utilizing psilocybin in each disorder is presented, along with an analysis of the neurobiological mechanisms that could explain the results. The purpose of this review is to collect and analyze neuropharmacological data and form an understanding of the possible mechanisms underlying psilocybin’s long-term positive effects in those suffering from various mental health disorders. Psilocybin may be a crucial tool in altering the neurofunctional anatomy that is the pathological core of various mental health disorders. A ‘reset’ of these neurological connections could be the basis of psilocybin treatment and may perhaps inspire a novel foundation of neurological medical intervention in mental health disorders.", "journal": "SURG Journal", "publication_date": "2022-05-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Addiction, Anxiety, Psychology, Psychiatry, Mental health, Obsessive compulsive, Intervention (counseling), Psychotherapist, Medicine, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281736251\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281736251\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W64958025\",\"https://openalex.org/W1846321575\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969125125\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978891587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989757811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001484935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011245371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017360110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038786381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061730652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074483296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081150698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086236919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107557962\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129253531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129340715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137664913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161050830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2177154801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2179754385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2235823035\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325207359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2471155830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2491859250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581084710\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757437757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943435823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995066639\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025954068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029566839\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093676138\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112525124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3143773781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210615564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238995000\",\"https://openalex.org/W4246897216\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054287524\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony Principe\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764695670\",\"source_display_name\":\"SURG Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4281736251" }, { "id": 4959, "title": "The safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder.", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder", "authors": "Manish Agrawal, Paul Thambi, Sarah Shnayder", "abstract": "12097 Background: More than 17 million people in the U.S. live with cancer and up to 25% of them have major depression. Depression leads to lower treatment adherence, reduced quality of life, and higher rates of mortality in cancer. Yet, interventions used to treat depression in patients with cancer have limited success. Prior trials using psilocybin to treat anxiety and depression associated with cancer suggested improvements in psychological distress. However, treatment in a homogenous psychiatric sample has yet to be investigated. Further, psilocybin has not been given in groups, and in a setting conducive to the “whole person” approach to treatment. This trial built upon previous studies and tested the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of psilocybin therapy in cancer patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), with the novel use of group treatment in a cancer center setting. Methods: Phase II, single-center, open label trial, where 30 patients received a dose of 25 mg of psilocybin. Inclusion criteria: 1) age ≥ 18 years, 2) met criteria for MDD, 3) a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score ≥ 18 at baseline, 4) diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm. Patients who had curative treatment for cancer as well as those with advanced metastatic disease were included. Patients were divided into cohorts and they received 1 group preparation session, simultaneous administration of psilocybin, and 2 group integration sessions. Therapeutic care was also provided before, during, and after the session using the 1:1 model of psychological support. The primary outcome measures for safety were adverse events, vital signs, ECGs, blood tests, and suicidality scores (C-SSRS). The secondary and exploratory outcome measures consisted of 15 assessments conducted at baseline and post-treatment at day 1, week 1, week 3, and week 8 to determine the efficacy of treatment. Results: A total of 30 patients were enrolled over the course of only 8 months with an attrition rate of 0%. All completed the trial with no serious adverse events. Beyond high tolerability of the treatment, we also found a clinically meaningful change in depressive symptoms. After a single administration of psilocybin therapy, the average score on the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) dropped by 19.1 points (95% CI, 22.3 to 16.0, p < 0.0001). A sustained response rate (a decrease of ≥ 50% in the MADRS score from baseline to week 8) was seen by 24 patients. 50% of patients showed complete remission of depression symptoms (a MADRS score < 10) one week after treatment, which was sustained for up to 8 weeks. Conclusions: This study adds to the growing body of psilocybin research with promising results showing the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of simultaneous psilocybin treatment in patients with cancer with MDD. The value of group support for patients with cancer was also explored, with implications for increased scalability of psilocybin therapy in real-world settings. Clinical trial information: NCT04593563.", "journal": "Journal of Clinical Oncology", "publication_date": "2022-05-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.12097", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.12097", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Cancer, Depression (economics), Adverse effect, Major depressive disorder, Anxiety, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281784879\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281784879\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083533154\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-0582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038515583\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Shnayder\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S15137598\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Clinical Oncology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.12097\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4281784879" }, { "id": 1713, "title": "Review of potential psychedelic treatments for PTSD.", "normalized_title": "review of potential psychedelic treatments for ptsd", "authors": "Henner RL, Keshavan MS, Hill KP.", "abstract": "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental illness with limited treatment options and a high treatment dropout rate. Psychedelics, often in combination with psychotherapy, are now under investigation as a potential treatment option for a variety of psychiatric conditions including PTSD. This paper reviews the proposed mechanism of action for 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and classical psychedelics such as psilocybin in treating PTSD, along with available clinical evidence, safety and side effects. MDMA-assisted psychotherapy is in FDA phase III clinical trials for PTSD and is purported to work by way of increased empathy and decreased amygdala activation during the therapeutic encounter and trauma processing. Classical psychedelics may create change by a subjective transformative experience along with an observable process of brain network alterations, though these substances have not been clinically studied in the context PTSD. In recent human-subject studies MDMA-assisted therapy resulted in significant improvement in PTSD symptoms with a good safety and side effect profile. There is not yet direct clinical evidence for classical psychedelics in treating PTSD, but the evidence supports such a trial. The studies to date have been relatively small, and participants are wellscreened for potential co-morbidities which could increase the risks of psychedelic treatment. Nonetheless, the data is promising for psychedelic-assisted treatment to become a much-needed treatment option for PTSD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-05-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jns.2022.120302", "pubmed_id": "35700643", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2022.120302", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Combined Modality Therapy, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35700643\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1780, "title": "Unraveling the Mysteries of Mental Illness With Psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "unraveling the mysteries of mental illness with psilocybin", "authors": "Sotille R, Singh H, Weisman A, Vida T.", "abstract": "Current medications have not been effective in reducing the prevalence of mental illness worldwide. The prevalence of illnesses such as treatment-resistant depression has increased despite the widespread use of a broad set of psychopharmaceuticals. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and ketamine therapy are making great strides in improving treatment-resistant depression outcomes but they have limitations. New psychotherapeutics are required that specifically target the underlying cellular pathologies leading to neuronal atrophy. This neuronal atrophy model is supplanting the long-held neurotransmitter deficit hypothesis to explain mental illness. Interest in psychedelics as therapeutic molecules to treat mental illness is experiencing a 21st-century reawakening that is on the cusp of a transformation. Psilocybin is a pro-drug, found in various naturally occurring mushrooms, that is dephosphorylated to produce psilocin, a classic tryptamine psychedelic functional as a 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist. We have focused this review to include studies in the last two years that suggest psilocybin promotes neuronal plasticity, which may lead to changes in brain network connectivity. Recent advancements in clinical trials using pure psilocybin in therapy suggest that it may effectively relieve the symptoms of depression in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Sophisticated cellular and molecular experiments at the systems level have produced evidence that demonstrates psilocybin promotes neuritogenesis in the mouse brain - a mechanism that may address the root cause of depression at the cellular level. Finally, studies with psilocybin therapy for major depressive disorder suggest that this ancient molecule can promote functionally connected intrinsic networks in the human brain, resulting in durable improvements in the severity of depressive symptoms. Although further research is necessary, the prospect of using psilocybin for the treatment of mental illness is an enticing possibility.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-05-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.25414", "pubmed_id": "35769681", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25414", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35769681\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3676, "title": "Psilocybin Versus Ketamine - Fast Acting Antidepressant Strategies in Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin versus ketamine fast acting antidepressant strategies in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "National Institute of Mental Health, Czech Republic", "abstract": "The main goal is to compare the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and ketamine in patients with TRD versus the antidepressant inactive substance midazolam. The primary endpoint will be the antidepressant effect on the Montgomery- Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) 24 hours after treatment, the key secondary endpoints being the duration of antidepressant effect, the number of responses and remissions, and the time to standard antidepressant treatment during 3 months of observation. The exploratory part of the study aims to monitor changes in the functional brain states using simultaneous EEG / fMRI, before treatment versus 1 day and 1 week after. Based on literature data and recent data from healthy volunteers who participated in a previous study with psilocybin, the investigator will correlate antidepressant effects of drugs (using psychometric scales and reactions to emotionally salient stimuli (eye tracker)) with entropy and functional connectivity measures. Finally the investigator will explore the role of plasmatic neurobiological biomarkers in depression (BDNF, prolactin, ACTH and oxytocin). The main aim of the study is to verify the efficacy and safety of a single dose of psilocybin 20 mg in the treatment of TRD in adults in a randomized clinical trial with active comparator ketamine 200 mg (rapid onset acting antidepressant) and negative control midazolam 5 mg (drug with no antidepressant properties). Primary objective: 1) verification of the rapid antidepressant effect of psilocybin compared to ketamine using the MADRS scale at 24 hours. Secondary objectives: 1) on days 3, 7 and 14 and 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12 weeks after application of the substances, evaluate / compare: a) the duration of effects of both substances using the MADRS scale b) antidepressant effects according to the subjective evaluation of patients - QIDS scale. c) response rate (50% reduction on the MADRS scale) and remission (MADRS? 10). 2) time to return of depressive symptoms defined according to the criteria for the use of antidepressants within 12 weeks 3) safety profile of study medication Exploratory objectives: 1) Evaluate the antidepressant effect depending on: a) the intensity of acute psychological effects assessed using the subjective scale of 5D-ASCs and the objective scale of BPRS, b) depending on the retrospective assessment of persistent effects using the Persisting effects scale, c) the degree of eye contact with negative and neutral emotion faces measured by eye-tracking before and after treatment (on days 1 and 7). 2) To evaluate the neurobiology of the antidepressant effect in relation to: a) plasma levels of the major metabolite of psilocin, markers of neuroplasticity, antidepressant effect and stress (BDNF, prolactin, oxytocin, ACTH) at 90 min, 3, and 6 h after administration of study medication compared to pre-administration levels, b) changes in resting-state brain activity (connectivity, entropy) measured by simultaneous EEG / fMRI functional imaging methods before and after 1 and 7 days after treatment.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-05-19", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05383313", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, Ketamine Hydrochloride, Midazolam Ph. Eur 9.0, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05383313\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4968, "title": "The Efficacy of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depression andAnxiety: A Meta-Analysis", "normalized_title": "the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of depression andanxiety a meta analysis", "authors": "Andrew Hodge, Suporn Sukpraprut-Braaten, Robert Strayhan", "abstract": "Background: The use of psychedelic compounds to treat psychiatric disorders has become a very significant topic of research over the past several years. Psilocybin has risen to prominence as one of the most studied among these psychedelic compounds. Multiple trials have already shown that it can be a safe and efficacious treatment for various medical conditions. This study intends to perform a meta-analysis of data reported in clinical trials studying psilocybin’s effect on depression and anxiety. Methods: Articles were searched, screened, and ultimately selected using predetermined inclusion criteria. Data was collected from commonly used psychometric tests that measured mood and anxiety symptoms. Effect sizes were calculated by comparing scores in these tests at baseline and control to experimental groups. Sub-group analysis was performed to assess psilocybin’s effect on depression and anxiety during short, medium, and long-term time frames. Results: Statistical significance was achieved in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms compared to controls in multiple subgroups. Heterogeneity of the effect sizes was calculated using an I2 value which showed low to moderate values. Multiple tools were used to assess publication bias, and none could be found. Conclusion: Although research on psilocybin continues to show promise, the evidence is still at a preliminary phase, and more trials need to be conducted with larger patient populations over longer periods for psilocybin to potentially be approved in a community setting.", "journal": "Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews", "publication_date": "2022-05-15", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.2174/2666082218666220513142002", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082218666220513142002", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Meta-analysis, Mood, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4280584826\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4280584826\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1756201586\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972524714\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986215651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001432119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005501262\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006546769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021803359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042982960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098923148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114488753\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123179625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125435699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145998697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155054485\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2310007339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889504249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022995359\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082721315\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107917596\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297918764\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300870773\",\"https://openalex.org/W6604107555\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036897187\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Hodge\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0726-0836\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024916325\",\"display_name\":\"Suporn Sukpraprut-Braaten\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033336432\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Strayhan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210198242\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082218666220513142002\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4280584826" }, { "id": 3659, "title": "Phase II, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Group, Single Center Study of Psilocybin Efficacy in Major Depression", "normalized_title": "phase ii randomized double blind placebo controlled parallel group single center study of psilocybin efficacy in major depression", "authors": "University of Zurich", "abstract": "Effects of serotonin 2A/1A receptor stimulation by psilocybin on mood and emotion processing in major depressive disorder: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the world's greatest contributor to the global burden of disease and MDD affects around 17% of the Swiss population (Tomonaga et al. 2013). It is a chronic condition and can cause the affected person to suffer greatly and function poorly at work, at school and in the family. More than 1'000 suicides were recorded in Switzerland in 2014, about 90% of these fatalities were related to depression or other psychiatric problems. Suicide is the second leading cause of death in individuals 15-24 years of age (Insel \\& Charney 2003). Current pharmacotherapies, including monoaminergic-acting antidepressants, require prolonged administration (weeks if not months) for clinical improvement. This lag time, as well as a high non-response rate, emphasizes the need for better and faster-acting antidepressant medications. However, psychopharmacological research has largely failed to produce novel and more efficacious treatment options for MDD since decades. Advanced pharmaceutical antidepressants should ideally facilitate the psychotherapeutic process for patients, reduce the time onset of antidepressant efficacy, and prime neuroplastic adaptations relevant to symptom improvement. Such novel therapeutics are much needed and would address this detrimental public health problem, particularly in treatment-resistant patients. Early clinical studies using the psychotropic compound psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) as an adjunct in psychotherapy reported a significant improvement of clinical symptoms in depression and anxiety disorder (Leuner 1961, 1981). Psilocybin is the main psychoactive principle of the group of hallucinogenic fungi (Hofmann 1968), commonly known as magic mushrooms, and acts as partial agonist at cortical and sub-cortical serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors. At moderate doses, psilocybin produces a dream-like state of consciousness (Kraehenmann et al. 2016) characterized by perceptual alterations, enhanced mood, facilitated autobiographic memory recollection, and a change of perspective on the self (Leuner 1981; Studerus et al. 2011). Recent clinical studies applying placebo-controlled designs support and extend these early findings by showing that a single dose of psilocybin leads to a fast and sustained reduction in anxiety and depression as well as an improvement of quality of life in advanced cancer patients (Griffiths 2015, Grob et al. 2011). Furthermore, a recent open-label feasibility study showed rapid-onset, sustained symptom improvements over 3 weeks in a small sample of treatment-resistant depressed patients following two psilocybin treatment sessions (Carhart-Harris et al. 2016). Accumulating evidence from pharmacological and neuroimaging studies suggests that psilocybin may produce its antidepressant effects via activation of 5-HT2A receptors located in prefrontal-limbic structures that are also implicated in the pathophysiology of depression (Kraehenmann \\& Vollenweider et al. 2015; Vollenweider und Kometer 2010; Disner et al. 2011). In addition, molecular studies suggest that the enduring symptom improvement after a single dose of psilocybin may be mediated through downstream effects on the glutamate system and a subsequent activation of neuroplastic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (Catlow et al. 2013, Barre et al. 2016). The present clinical trial aims at investigating the putative antidepressant effects of a single moderate dose of psilocybin (0.215 mg/kg) in patients suffering from MDD by applying a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. The specific aims of this project are: 1. To investigate whether psilocybin in combination with short-term focused psychotherapy will reduce core symptoms in patients with MDD. 2. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to longitudinally assess whether a single dose of psilocybin will post-acutely change the negative emotion processing bias in patients with MDD and whether the change in emotion processing bias will predict subsequent symptom improvement. In addition, the investigators will analyze whether psilocybin will lead to sustained changes in functional neuronal network connectivity (FC), e.g. in amygdala-prefrontal FC. 3. To investigate whether psilocybin will increase BDNF plasma concentration and whether the change in BDNF is related to changes in fMRI markers and the subsequent mood improvement. Recent reviews indicate that impaired neuroplasticity is at the core of the pathophysiology moods and stress-related disorders. Current available antidepressants have been developed with the aim of providing symptom relief rather than targeting neuroplastic impairments. In contrast to this, the present proposal builds on promising new findings that single dose of psilocybin, presumably via a 5-HT2A receptor driven glutamatergic mechanism, leads to a rapid enhancement in neuronal resilience and a to a change in the function of neuronal networks underlying depressive symptoms and behavior. Targeting neuroplasticity with such novel approaches appears to be important for reversing cognitive schemata and emotion processing biases, fostering enduring improvements in mood and cognitive flexibility (Krystal et al. 2009). Expected value: this is the first randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (RCT) of psilocybin treatment in MDD. Using state-of-the art behavioral, neuroimaging, and neuroplasticity methodology, the results of this study will help elucidate urgently needed new treatment mechanisms in MDD. Should it turn out that a single moderate dose of psilocybin vs. placebo in conjunction with psychotherapy may rapidly and sustainedly reduce depressive symptoms, this will be a major breakthrough in finding a novel and fast acting treatment strategy in depressed patients. Therefore, the results of this study will have high impact on the field of pharmacological research into novel antidepressant medication.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-04-28", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03715127", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Major, Psilocybine oral capsule, Placebo oral capsule, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03715127\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Biomarkers,Aging,Resilience,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4974, "title": "P388. Open Label Psilocybin Administration in Severely Treatment Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "p388 open label psilocybin administration in severely treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Scott Aaronson, Tammy Miller, Samuel Rudow, MacKenzie Forbes, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2022-04-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.624", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.624", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Mood, Anxiety, Open label, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Psychological intervention, Psychology, Intervention (counseling), Pilot trial, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive disorder, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4225010514\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4225010514\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020769134\",\"display_name\":\"Scott Aaronson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110607035\",\"display_name\":\"Tammy Miller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050421509\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel Rudow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037818125\",\"display_name\":\"MacKenzie Forbes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006219749\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.624\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4225010514" }, { "id": 1761, "title": "Safety issues of psilocybin and LSD as potential rapid acting antidepressants and potential challenges.", "normalized_title": "safety issues of psilocybin and lsd as potential rapid acting antidepressants and potential challenges", "authors": "Rossi GN, Hallak JEC, Bouso Saiz JC, Dos Santos RG.", "abstract": "IntroductionA limited number of preliminary open-label (n = 3) and placebo-controlled clinical trials (n = 5) have suggested psilocybin and LSD as potential rapid antidepressants. In this context, there is a growing need to verify and document their safety and tolerability as therapeutic agents, discuss the challenges associated with their administration, and develop safety protocols for their use as next-generation therapeutic agents.Areas coveredWe have analyzed all randomized, double-blind, and controlled trials that assessed the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and LSD in clinical populations to date, taking special attention to adverse events (AEs) related to their use. Prevalence, significance, and mechanisms of action related to AEs were systematically extracted, analyzed, and discussed.Expert opinionThere were no serious AEs related to psilocybin and LSD administration. Most AEs were expected, manageable, and transient. Nevertheless, safety and tolerability concerns regarding some effects, such as dissociation, paranoia, and confusion, remain. Thus, randomized controlled trials with bigger samples are warranted to confirm their therapeutic effects and further investigate their safety and tolerability.", "journal": "Expert Opinion on Drug Safety", "publication_date": "2022-04-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/14740338.2022.2066650", "pubmed_id": "35426754", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2022.2066650", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Antidepressive Agents, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35426754\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223893856\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223893856\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":24,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1996652986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010522115\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025374719\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105571318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112884745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166928505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2730275538\",\"https://openalex.org/W2751240458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2772887788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793566445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031575368\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093403723\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094915720\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118672806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133542189\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180562559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3192307046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193251618\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211263234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220914774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225258217\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231551125\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242068985\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044658660\",\"display_name\":\"Giordano Novak Rossi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-1207\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102785969\",\"display_name\":\"Jaime E. C. Hallak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-0189\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032347558\",\"display_name\":\"José Carlos Bouso\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-9407\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058075680\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael G. dos Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2388-4745\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S20709540\",\"source_display_name\":\"Expert Opinion on Drug Safety\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2022.2066650\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4223893856" }, { "id": 1653, "title": "Diverse therapeutic developments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicate common mechanisms of memory modulation.", "normalized_title": "diverse therapeutic developments for post traumatic stress disorder ptsd indicate common mechanisms of memory modulation", "authors": "Raut SB, Marathe PA, van Eijk L, Eri R, Ravindran M, Benedek DM, Ursano RJ, Canales JJ, Johnson LR.", "abstract": "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), characterized by abnormally persistent and distressing memories, is a chronic debilitating condition in need of new treatment options. Current treatment guidelines recommend psychotherapy as first line management with only two drugs, sertraline and paroxetine, approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of PTSD. These drugs have limited efficacy as they only reduce symptoms related to depression and anxiety without producing permanent remission. PTSD remains a significant public health problem with high morbidity and mortality requiring major advances in therapeutics. Early evidence has emerged for the beneficial effects of psychedelics particularly in combination with psychotherapy for management of PTSD, including psilocybin, MDMA, LSD, cannabinoids, ayahuasca and ketamine. MDMA and psilocybin reduce barrier to therapy by increasing trust between therapist and patient, thus allowing for modification of trauma related memories. Furthermore, research into the memory reconsolidation mechanisms has allowed for identification of various pharmacological targets to disrupt abnormally persistent memories. A number of pre-clinical and clinical studies have investigated novel and re-purposed pharmacological agents to disrupt fear memory in PTSD. Novel therapeutic approaches like neuropeptide Y, oxytocin, cannabinoids and neuroactive steroids have also shown potential for PTSD treatment. Here, we focus on the role of fear memory in the pathophysiology of PTSD and propose that many of these new therapeutic strategies produce benefits through the effect on fear memory. Evaluation of recent research findings suggests that while a number of drugs have shown promising results in preclinical studies and pilot clinical trials, the evidence from large scale clinical trials would be needed for these drugs to be incorporated in clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-04-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108195", "pubmed_id": "35489438", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108195", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Cannabinoids, Fear, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, United States, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35489438\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1798, "title": "Increased global integration in the brain after psilocybin therapy for depression.", "normalized_title": "increased global integration in the brain after psilocybin therapy for depression", "authors": "Daws RE, Timmermann C, Giribaldi B, Sexton JD, Wall MB, Erritzoe D, Roseman L, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy shows antidepressant potential, but its therapeutic actions are not well understood. We assessed the subacute impact of psilocybin on brain function in two clinical trials of depression. The first was an open-label trial of orally administered psilocybin (10 mg and 25 mg, 7 d apart) in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was recorded at baseline and 1 d after the 25-mg dose. Beck's depression inventory was the primary outcome measure ( MR/J00460X/1 ). The second trial was a double-blind phase II randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin therapy with escitalopram. Patients with major depressive disorder received either 2 × 25 mg oral psilocybin, 3 weeks apart, plus 6 weeks of daily placebo ('psilocybin arm') or 2 × 1 mg oral psilocybin, 3 weeks apart, plus 6 weeks of daily escitalopram (10-20 mg) ('escitalopram arm'). fMRI was recorded at baseline and 3 weeks after the second psilocybin dose ( NCT03429075 ). In both trials, the antidepressant response to psilocybin was rapid, sustained and correlated with decreases in fMRI brain network modularity, implying that psilocybin's antidepressant action may depend on a global increase in brain network integration. Network cartography analyses indicated that 5-HT2A receptor-rich higher-order functional networks became more functionally interconnected and flexible after psilocybin treatment. The antidepressant response to escitalopram was milder and no changes in brain network organization were observed. Consistent efficacy-related brain changes, correlating with robust antidepressant effects across two studies, suggest an antidepressant mechanism for psilocybin therapy: global increases in brain network integration.", "journal": "Nature Medicine", "publication_date": "2022-04-10", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41591-022-01744-z", "pubmed_id": "35411074", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01744-z", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35411074\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":431,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1950473838\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001567161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004874491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006096283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013523345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021469680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068252829\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074617510\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078524519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095293504\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100111273\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131681506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135176444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138566349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142566135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151721316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152329655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156737316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160599403\",\"https://openalex.org/W2181732012\",\"https://openalex.org/W2345489637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346168897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2371895244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2520032442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2536956629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537247270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608304771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622366552\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2730632269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2752088033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889504249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921129816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945514479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951617899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955797788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962725064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974707943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979698969\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999261467\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007757062\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014803974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036741565\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036992158\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3099375003\",\"https://openalex.org/W3099768174\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110378780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110820786\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129438202\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136346826\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149222464\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149674515\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154528253\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180716265\",\"https://openalex.org/W6768636864\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026599997\",\"display_name\":\"Richard E. Daws\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6639-5768\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055329548\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-377X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032084209\",\"display_name\":\"James Sexton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3402-2748\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069665617\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Wall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-6274\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S203256638\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01744-z\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4223491164" }, { "id": 1796, "title": "Associations between classic psychedelics and opioid use disorder in a nationally-representative U.S. adult sample.", "normalized_title": "associations between classic psychedelics and opioid use disorder in a nationally representative u s adult sample", "authors": "Jones G, Ricard JA, Lipson J, Nock MK.", "abstract": "Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major source of morbidity and mortality in the U.S. and there is a pressing need to identify additional treatments for the disorder. Classic psychedelics (psilocybin, peyote, mescaline, LSD) have been linked to the alleviation of various substance use disorders and may hold promise as potential treatments for OUD. The aim of this study was to assess whether the aforementioned classic psychedelic substances conferred lowered odds of OUD. Furthermore, this study aimed to replicate and extend findings from Pisano et al. (2017) who found classic psychedelic use to be linked to lowered odds of OUD in a nationally representative sample. We used recent data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2015-2019) (N = 214,505) and multivariable logistic regression to test whether lifetime use (yes/no) of classic psychedelics was associated with lowered odds of OUD. Lifetime psilocybin use was associated with lowered odds of OUD (aOR: 0.70; 95% CI [0.60, 0.83]). No other substances, including other classic psychedelics, were associated with lowered odds of OUD. Additionally, sensitivity analyses revealed psilocybin use to be associated with lowered odds of seven of the 11 DSM-IV criteria for OUD (aOR range: 0.66-0.83). Future clinical trials and longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether these associations are causal.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2022-04-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-08085-4", "pubmed_id": "35393455", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08085-4", "keywords": "Humans, Opioid-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Data Collection, Logistic Models, Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35393455\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223525754\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223525754\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":55,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1940682915\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997980357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042166241\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047108558\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060324739\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081793457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097155663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108556733\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2315631840\",\"https://openalex.org/W2327042539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588071311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608583841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2617279801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2805664586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808496461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899031935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2920559226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966702633\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109765150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127222350\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156324838\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207768063\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211698153\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205618858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206486089\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206990035\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210325795\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213251631\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066674976\",\"display_name\":\"Grant Jones\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-310X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000608905\",\"display_name\":\"Jocelyn A. Ricard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9605-9389\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044984661\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Lipson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-2049\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082317510\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew K. Nock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-1145\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08085-4\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4223525754" }, { "id": 1793, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy of Psychiatric Disorders Is Not Hampered by hERG Potassium Channel-Mediated Cardiotoxicity.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy of psychiatric disorders is not hampered by herg potassium channel mediated cardiotoxicity", "authors": "Hackl B, Todt H, Kubista H, Kubista H, Hilber K, Koenig X.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a hallucinogen contained in \"magic\" mushrooms, holds great promise for the treatment of various psychiatric disorders, and early clinical trials are encouraging. Adverse cardiac events after intake of high doses of psilocybin and a trial reporting QT interval prolongation in the electrocardiogram attributed to the drug's main metabolite, psilocin, gave rise to safety concerns. Here we show that clinical concentrations of psilocin do not cause significant human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) potassium channel inhibition, a major risk factor for adverse cardiac events. We conclude that hERG channel blockage by psilocin is not liable for psilocybin- associated cardiotoxic effects.", "journal": "The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-03-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1093/ijnp/pyab085", "pubmed_id": "34871422", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyab085", "keywords": "Humans, Potassium Channels, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Cardiotoxicity, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34871422\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200455094\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200455094\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":11,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1039468090\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043967076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093986323\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113927644\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970371804\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113337956\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125143320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W6627133468\",\"https://openalex.org/W6804303670\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084404127\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Hackl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3357-9250\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038127051\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Todt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1147-4370\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050882757\",\"display_name\":\"Helmut Kubista\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-8649\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085397541\",\"display_name\":\"Karlheinz Hilber\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3033-0874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039231830\",\"display_name\":\"Xaver Koenig\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2423-4966\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S199972112\",\"source_display_name\":\"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyab085\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Aging,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200455094" }, { "id": 1802, "title": "Therapeutic Alliance and Rapport Modulate Responses to Psilocybin Assisted Therapy for Depression.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic alliance and rapport modulate responses to psilocybin assisted therapy for depression", "authors": "Murphy R, Kettner H, Zeifman R, Giribaldi B, Kartner L, Martell J, Read T, Murphy-Beiner A, Baker-Jones M, Nutt D, Erritzoe D, Watts R, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Background: Across psychotherapeutic frameworks, the strength of the therapeutic alliance has been found to correlate with treatment outcomes; however, its role has never been formally assessed in a trial of psychedelic-assisted therapy. We aimed to investigate the relationships between therapeutic alliance and rapport, the quality of the acute psychedelic experience and treatment outcomes. Methods: This 2-arm double-blind randomized controlled trial compared escitalopram with psychedelic-assisted therapy for moderate-severe depressive disorder (N = 59). This analysis focused on the psilocybin condition (n = 30), who received two oral doses of 25 mg psilocybin, 3-weeks apart, with psychological preparation, in-session support, and integration therapy. A new psychedelic therapy model, called \"Accept-Connect-Embody\" (ACE), was developed in this trial. The primary outcome was depression severity 6 weeks post treatment (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, QIDS-SR-16). Path analyses tested the hypothesis that therapeutic alliance (Scale To Assess the Therapeutic Relationship Patient Version, STAR-P) would predict depression outcomes via its influence on the acute psychedelic experience, specifically emotional-breakthrough (EBI) and mystical-type experiences (MEQ). The same analysis was performed on the escitalopram arm to test specificity. Results: The strength of therapeutic alliance predicted pre-session rapport, greater emotional-breakthrough and mystical-type experience (maximum EBI and MEQ scores across the two psilocybin sessions) and final QIDS scores (β = -0.22, R2 = 0.42 for EBIMax; β = -0.19, R2 = 0.32 for MEQMax). Exploratory path models revealed that final depression outcomes were more strongly affected by emotional breakthrough during the first, and mystical experience during the second session. Emotional breakthrough, but not mystical experience, during the first session had a positive effect on therapeutic alliance ahead of the second session (β = 0.79, p < 0.0001). Therapeutic alliance ahead of the second session had a direct impact on final depression scores, not mediated by the acute experience, with a weaker alliance ahead of the second psilocybin session predicting higher absolute depression scores at endpoint (β = -0.49, p < 0.001) Discussion: Future research could consider therapist training and characteristics; specific participant factors, e.g., attachment style or interpersonal trauma, which may underlie the quality of the therapeutic relationship, the psychedelic experience and clinical outcomes; and consider how therapeutic approaches might adapt in cases of weaker therapeutic alliance. Clinical Trial Registration: This trial is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier (NCT03429075).", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-03-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2021.788155", "pubmed_id": "35431912", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.788155", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35431912\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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Murphy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056827751\",\"display_name\":\"Rick Zeifman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044522468\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Kärtner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083068952\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Read\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9755-4848\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055877835\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110662235\",\"display_name\":\"Rosalind Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.788155\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4221001769" }, { "id": 1745, "title": "Tentative identification of in vitro metabolites of O-acetylpsilocin (psilacetin, 4-AcO-DMT) by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS.", "normalized_title": "tentative identification of in vitro metabolites of o acetylpsilocin psilacetin 4 aco dmt by uhplc q orbitrap ms", "authors": "Zhai W, Li L, Zhao J, Xiang P, Liu M, Shi Y, Dang Y.", "abstract": "4-Acetoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (4-AcO-DMT, psilacetin, O-acetylpsilocin) is a synthetic tryptamine with psychedelic properties. Psilacetin may also act as precursor drug of psilocin, similar to psilocybin, but little is known about its metabolism. In this study, the phase I and phase II in vitro metabolism of 4-AcO-DMT was investigated with pooled human liver microsomes, and the reaction mixture was analyzed using liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry. Fifteen metabolites were formed after incubation of pooled human liver microsomes with 4-AcO-DMT (12 phase I metabolites and 3 phase II metabolites). The proposed metabolite structures were based on accurate mass analysis and MS/MS fragmentation patterns. The biotransformations included hydrolysis, hydroxylation, N-demethylation, oxidation, and conjugation with glucuronic acid. The hydrolysis metabolite was the most abundant compound. For the development of new methods for the identification of 4-AcO-DMT consumption, the beta-hydroxylation metabolite of 4-AcO-DMT (M2-1) is recommended as a biomarker. The data reported in this work might be applicable to metabolic transformation of 4-AcO-DMT in vivo and also forensically helpful.", "journal": "Drug Testing and Analysis", "publication_date": "2022-03-28", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1002/dta.3255", "pubmed_id": "35312166", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3255", "keywords": "Microsomes, Liver, Humans, Tryptamines, Chromatography, Liquid, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Tandem Mass Spectrometry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35312166\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4220970406\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4220970406\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W135677869\",\"https://openalex.org/W392491535\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991035020\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995655033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005357412\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036246133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059405899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111087316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122439895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141767084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492219929\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492836649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560246574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2562182809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2599487050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2620631001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624550932\",\"https://openalex.org/W2730315486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810719970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999306893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000608994\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110733646\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113337956\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116234192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134320342\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211248987\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004539413\",\"display_name\":\"Wenya Zhai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108286560\",\"display_name\":\"Le Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5226-4875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102828025\",\"display_name\":\"Junbo Zhao\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8217-4965\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103029282\",\"display_name\":\"Ping Xiang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-4292\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101623982\",\"display_name\":\"Mengxi Liu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-4758\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058590094\",\"display_name\":\"Yan Shi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5525-1048\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064419190\",\"display_name\":\"Yonghui Dang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-9615\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S36361591\",\"source_display_name\":\"Drug Testing and Analysis\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3255\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Epigenetics,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4220970406" }, { "id": 1803, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Compassion Focused Therapy for Depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted compassion focused therapy for depression", "authors": "Pots W, Chakhssi F.", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, i.e., psilocybin treatment with psychological support, has demonstrated the efficacy of psilocybin to reduce depressive symptoms. However, in clinical trials, the structure of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is primarily based on preparation, navigation (support during dosing sessions), and integration. For psychotherapeutic guidance, the application of this structure is favored over the usage of theoretical models. The applied psychotherapeutic models may be of critical importance if the effects are augmented due to the psychologically insightful experiences during the navigation and integration sessions. One of the important next steps is to provide therapists with guidance on how to provide psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. We present an integrated protocol for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depression based on the theoretical model and psychotherapeutic framework of Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT). We hypothesize that CFT can provide the theoretical model and compassion practices that will reinforce the experiences during the navigation and follow-up therapy sessions. In this paper, we describe the rationale for selecting CFT, the compatibility of CFT and psilocybin-therapy, an overview of the psilocybin-assisted CFT protocol, the study protocol, and limitations to this approach.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychology", "publication_date": "2022-03-24", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812930", "pubmed_id": "35401294", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812930", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35401294\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4221031753\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4221031753\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":30,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1555010103\",\"https://openalex.org/W1667002192\",\"https://openalex.org/W1961364466\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970887283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008828654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027607387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044440339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060224295\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096684104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102589785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128497690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150285866\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159826578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266871031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2504538113\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2521149666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592111319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2709608164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2746775489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2782515409\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801518825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902271959\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954922650\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006408375\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011072785\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045249492\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087088481\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111594781\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137777394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153837393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180562559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182390788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195406245\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210368773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4233844781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251885947\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298553075\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386686749\",\"https://openalex.org/W6794931614\",\"https://openalex.org/W6798246361\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073342759\",\"display_name\":\"Wendy Pots\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2429-6083\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076469824\",\"display_name\":\"Farid Chakhssi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6929-0331\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S9692511\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812930\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4221031753" }, { "id": 1765, "title": "The promises and perils of psychedelic pharmacology for psychiatry.", "normalized_title": "the promises and perils of psychedelic pharmacology for psychiatry", "authors": "McClure-Begley TD, Roth BL.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, N,N'-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are undergoing a renaissance as potentially useful drugs for various neuropsychiatric diseases, with a rapid onset of therapeutic activity. Notably, phase II trials have shown that psilocybin can produce statistically significant clinical effects following one or two administrations in depression and anxiety. These findings have inspired a 'gold rush' of commercial interest, with nearly 60 companies already formed to explore opportunities for psychedelics in treating diverse diseases. Additionally, these remarkable phenomenological and clinical observations are informing hypotheses about potential molecular mechanisms of action that need elucidation to realize the full potential of this investigative space. In particular, despite compelling evidence that the 5-HT2A receptor is a critical mediator of the behavioural effects of psychedelic drugs, uncertainty remains about which aspects of 5-HT2A receptor activity in the central nervous system are responsible for therapeutic effects and to what degree they can be isolated by developing novel chemical probes with differing specificity and selectivity profiles. Here, we discuss this emerging area of therapeutics, covering both controversies and areas of consensus related to the opportunities and perils of psychedelic and psychedelic-inspired therapeutics. We highlight how basic science breakthroughs can guide the discovery and development of psychedelic-inspired medications with the potential for improved efficacy without hallucinogenic or rewarding actions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-16", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41573-022-00421-7", "pubmed_id": "35301459", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-022-00421-7", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35301459\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1811, "title": "Methodological challenges in psychedelic drug trials: Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression (EPIsoDE) - Rationale and study design.", "normalized_title": "methodological challenges in psychedelic drug trials efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression episode rationale and study design", "authors": "Mertens LJ, Koslowski M, Betzler F, Evens R, Gilles M, Jungaberle A, Jungaberle H, Majić T, Ströhle A, Wolff M, Wellek S, Gründer G.", "abstract": "Psychedelics such as psilocybin have recently gained remarkable interest in both the specialist literature and the lay press because studies suggest that these substances may have great therapeutic potential in various psychiatric disorders, including major depression. However, clinical trials with psychedelic drugs pose particular methodological challenges to researchers, some of which differ considerably from those with other psychotropic drugs. These include the problem of successful blinding, which can hardly be guaranteed in clinical trials with psychedelic substances and - directly related - the high risk of expectation bias and nocebo effects. Some of these challenges are being addressed in the given clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression. It is a phase II randomized, double-blind, active placebo-controlled parallel group trial with 144 patients. The rationale, the study design, and the core features of the study are presented here. The trial (EPIsoDE trial; EudraCT number: 2019-003984-24; NCT04670081) is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF 01EN2006 ​A/B).", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2022-03-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100104", "pubmed_id": "40656230", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100104", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40656230\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":40,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1655045766\",\"https://openalex.org/W1776258049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1948877773\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970054184\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992844800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022191212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043530175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047503435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056438596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127662631\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152472333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164182651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164198137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167987245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2253040643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2277633149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330686105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2404687886\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2779386549\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791088784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799742551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806188084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895197076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948548704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970458256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974814938\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124059976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162909048\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177300439\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288077072\",\"https://openalex.org/W6695084235\",\"https://openalex.org/W6755541052\",\"https://openalex.org/W6818643326\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045306689\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Koslowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-9875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031618523\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Betzler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-4870\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054444045\",\"display_name\":\"Ricarda Evens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015683895\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Gilles\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9604-4459\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016321877\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001710309\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065637165\",\"display_name\":\"Tomislav Majić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2950-6673\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066612577\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Ströhle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0935-3702\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075794355\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-9633\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063934463\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Wellek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-8122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100104\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4220708535" }, { "id": 1769, "title": "The therapeutic potential of psilocybin: a systematic review.", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psilocybin a systematic review", "authors": "van Amsterdam J, van den Brink W.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsychedelic drugs were used quite extensively before their prohibition in 1968 which delayed research. However, since the 1990s, studies on the potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelics have rapidly increased.Areas coveredThis systematic review provides an overview of the clinical effects of psilocybin in the treatment of a variety of mental disorders. Only (randomized) clinical trials were selected. A total of 11 studies (15 publications) were selected, including seven randomized controlled trials (eight publications) and four single arm open-label studies (seven publications). In total, 488 patients were included in the selected studies: 333 patients treated with psilocybin and 155 patients treated with (active) placebo. In nine studies, psychotherapeutic support was provided as an integral part of the psilocybin treatment. The findings of these studies collectively show that psilocybin has a positive benefit-risk balance in the treatment of various mental disorders with an immediate and prolonged effect following 1-3 doses of psilocybin and a few (serious) adverse events.Expert opinionPsilocybin - mostly combined with psychotherapy or psychotherapeutic support - shows a promise as a treatment for various (treatment-resistant) mental disorders. Larger double-blind RCTs with objective (long-term) outcomes are needed to confirm these findings before standard clinical use of psilocybin can be considered.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-01", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/14740338.2022.2047929", "pubmed_id": "35225143", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2022.2047929", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Double-Blind Method, Mental Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35225143\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1611, "title": "The Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders with Attention to Relative Safety Profile: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "the use of psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric disorders with attention to relative safety profile a systematic review", "authors": "Hodge AT, Sukpraprut-Braaten S, Narlesky M, Strayhan RC.", "abstract": "There has been a reemergence of research into the use of substances such as LSD, MDMA, and psilocybin for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. This increase in consideration toward the medicinal use of these compounds has been termed the \"Psychedelic Renaissance.\" This article specifically explores the background of psilocybin, a psychoactive compound that is naturally derived from certain species of fungi. Pubmed was searched by one doctoral-level researcher using specific Boolean operator terms. The results were filtered by title and abstract and 76 articles were screened and analyzed in full detail. Oral psilocybin is showing itself to be clinically efficacious by producing statistically significant reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms over time versus control in multiple clinical trials. It has also been shown to reduce cigarettes per day and drinks per day in patients with substance use disorders. Thus far, there have been no significant adverse clinical events from psilocybin and there also have been no verifiable recorded deaths reported. Larger studies need to be performed before the drug can potentially become approved for use in the general population.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-02-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2022.2044096", "pubmed_id": "35225726", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2022.2044096", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35225726\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1821, "title": "Psilocybin: Characterization of the Metastable Zone Width (MSZW), Control of Anhydrous Polymorphs, and Particle Size Distribution (PSD).", "normalized_title": "psilocybin characterization of the metastable zone width mszw control of anhydrous polymorphs and particle size distribution psd", "authors": "Kargbo RB, Sherwood AM, Meisenheimer P, Lenoch K, Abebe S.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonergic agonist, was granted a \"breakthrough therapy\" status by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical trials involving major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. The direct phosphorylation of psilocin to psilocybin that uses a fast crystallization associated with a kinetically controlled process resulted in a smaller particle size distribution. Herein, the measurement of the metastable zone width (MSZW) and nucleation induction enabled a thermodynamically controlled crystallization process, which leads to the formation of a crystal structure with stronger interactions, controlled particle size distribution (PSD), and improved impurity profile. Employing a high-resolution inline microscopy viewer allowed the real-time monitoring of the crystallization process and the measurement of the particle size. We also present a comprehensive study of the formation of polymorph B (trihydrate), polymorph A (anhydrate), and polymorph H (anhydrate) using water recrystallization, which indicates that the formation of polymorph B (trihydrate) is independent of the crystallization method. However, polymorphs A and H are dependent on the mode of drying: drying at room temperature under vacuum gives rise to mainly polymorph A, and when heated even at relatively low temperatures, a mixture of polymorphs A and H beings to form.", "journal": "ACS Omega", "publication_date": "2022-02-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.1c06708", "pubmed_id": "35187358", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c06708", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35187358\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4210846812\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4210846812\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W95574922\",\"https://openalex.org/W601273484\",\"https://openalex.org/W934797936\",\"https://openalex.org/W1512090457\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967235049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980559693\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986315702\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992380940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001032983\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003291502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005963788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016051420\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025101303\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025776529\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036641789\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049599102\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058554744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063608545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076191691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081546158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093152958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096540251\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097499174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139417013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140583879\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159000437\",\"https://openalex.org/W2230966694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2278353553\",\"https://openalex.org/W2314242676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2316178893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2327825876\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528934322\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885629138\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887044811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894643708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901522822\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938882950\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090907464\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109908198\",\"https://openalex.org/W3114767549\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134098691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134829180\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200445562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226478974\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231808740\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252137674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252929690\",\"https://openalex.org/W6959833090\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002485823\",\"display_name\":\"Poncho Meisenheimer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1918-3153\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075166971\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey Lenoch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016093194\",\"display_name\":\"Solomon B. Abebe\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210239500\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Omega\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c06708\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4210846812" }, { "id": 1825, "title": "Analysis of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Medicine: A Narrative Review.", "normalized_title": "analysis of psilocybin assisted therapy in medicine a narrative review", "authors": "Ziff S, Stern B, Lewis G, Majeed M, Gorantla VR.", "abstract": "Psilocybin-containing mushrooms have been consumed by various cultures in many different parts of the world for thousands of years. Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic, contains unique psychoactive properties and has been incorporated into religious ceremonies and investigated for its medicinal value. In the mid-20th century, psilocybin, along with most other classic psychedelics (5HT-2A agonists), was classified as a Schedule I substance, bringing a halt to research on its medicinal utility. The resurgence of clinical trials involving psilocybin in the 21st century has produced promising results concerning the treatment of addiction, depression, and end-of-life mood disorders. Results from these trials have shown significant reductions in depression and anxiety when compared with a placebo, and one trial found no significant difference when compared to a routinely prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Studies conducted with patients with advanced-stage cancer have demonstrated that psilocybin may also be beneficial at reducing depression and anxiety associated with psychological crises due to a terminal diagnosis. Psilocybin therapy in the treatment of addiction, which is notoriously difficult to treat, has shown encouraging results. Due to its low toxicity and low risk of overuse, psilocybin has the potential to have a significant influence in the field of addiction medicine. Psilocybin addiction research has been primarily focused on nicotine and alcohol and, in a few small, open-label trials, has shown superiority over traditional therapies. Psilocybin has a relatively unique and incompletely understood mechanism of action, which allows it to be given at several isolated periods. This infrequent dosing regimen has been shown to produce durable effects with minimal toxicity. This review analyzes the potential of psilocybin in the treatment of addiction, depression, and end-of-life mood disorders. In addition, it will discuss the difficulties involved with conducting scientific research on psychedelic compounds, adverse effects, and the therapeutic measures that are necessary to accompany the safe and effective administration of these psychoactive chemicals.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-02-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.21944", "pubmed_id": "35273885", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.21944", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35273885\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1771, "title": "Flashback phenomena after administration of LSD and psilocybin in controlled studies with healthy participants.", "normalized_title": "flashback phenomena after administration of lsd and psilocybin in controlled studies with healthy participants", "authors": "Müller F, Kraus E, Holze F, Becker A, Ley L, Schmid Y, Vizeli P, Liechti ME, Borgwardt S.", "abstract": "BackgroundLSD and psilocybin are increasingly used in phase I trials and evaluated as therapeutic agents for mental disorders. The phenomenon of reoccurring drug-like experiences after the acute substance effects have worn off was described for both substances and especially attributed to LSD. According to the DSM-V, the persisting and distressing manifestation of these experiences is called hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD). Data on both conditions is very limited.ObjectiveThis study aims to provide descriptive data on reoccurring drug-like experiences after the administration of LSD and psilocybin in controlled studies with healthy participants.Methods and materialsData from 142 healthy subjects enrolled in six double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized cross-over studies were analyzed. In total, 60 subjects received LSD; 27 subjects received LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine; 31 subjects received LSD and psilocybin; and 25 subjects received psilocybin and escitalopram. At the end-of-study visit (mean 39.8 days after last study session, SD37.2), subjects were asked for any reoccurring drug effects since the initial substance effects had worn off. Those reporting reoccurring perception changes more than 24 h after administration were contacted for follow-up (mean follow-up duration: 31.2 months, SD28.6).ResultsThirteen out of 142 subjects reported reoccurring drug-like experiences (LSD: seven, psilocybin: two, both: four). The reported phenomena were predominantly mild and perceived as neutral to pleasant. Flashbacks were mostly of visual nature, lasted for seconds to minutes, and occurred within a week after the last drug administration. Two subjects reported distressing experiences that subsided spontaneously. One subject reported brief and pleasant visual perception changes which reoccurred for 7 months. None of the subjects reported impairment in their daily lives. None of the cases met DSM-V criteria for HPPD.ConclusionReoccurring drug-like experiences after the administration of LSD and psilocybin are a common phenomenon occurring in up to 9.2% of healthy subjects (7.8% for LSD, 8.3% for psilocybin and 14.3% if both substances are administered). Additionally, our work suggests that flashback phenomena are not a clinically relevant problem in controlled studies with healthy participants.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-01-24", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06066-z", "pubmed_id": "35076721", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06066-z", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35076721\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4206965048\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4206965048\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":64,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1967205222\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973393535\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003596158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008071452\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008525776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028456442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067384745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075552167\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076000543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088342863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114629758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122653375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145095988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150903999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155854964\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159991183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312475727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2402095704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2404165333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413573456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461431287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461733912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552761136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590375860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2771056291\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790481213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983486486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999447544\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029354975\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236250256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4245274090\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061374713\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Müller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-6610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063816069\",\"display_name\":\"Elias Kraus\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028081191\",\"display_name\":\"Friederike Holze\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-1519\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012996786\",\"display_name\":\"A. Becker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-7945\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102828957\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Ley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9881-4693\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045516878\",\"display_name\":\"Yasmin Schmid\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3618-584X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023301996\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick Vizeli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5954-4446\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071962736\",\"display_name\":\"Matthias E. Liechti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1765-9659\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081904403\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Borgwardt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5792-3987\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06066-z\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4206965048" }, { "id": 1746, "title": "Novel Antidepressants in the Pipeline (Phase II and III): A Systematic Review of the US Clinical Trials Registry.", "normalized_title": "novel antidepressants in the pipeline phase ii and iii a systematic review of the us clinical trials registry", "authors": "Sakurai H, Yonezawa K, Tani H, Mimura M, Bauer M, Uchida H.", "abstract": "IntroductionThere is an imminent need for faster-acting and more effective antidepressants beyond the monoaminergic hypothesis.MethodsWe systematically searched the US Clinical Trials registry for antidepressant compounds with completed phase II and III trials. Compounds that demonstrated significant superiority over placebo in the primary outcome measure in the latest phase of phase II and III trials were identified. The collateral information was gathered via a PubMed search and press releases.ResultsNine compounds were identified. AXS-05 (a combination of dextromethorphan and bupropion) and ansofaxine hydrochloride showed a positive result over placebo in a phase III study for major depressive disorder or treatment-resistant depression. MIJ821, nitrous oxide, psilocybin, ayahuasca, facial injection of botulinum toxin A, prasterone, and casopitant demonstrated at least one positive result in phase II trials. Ayahuasca showed a greater response rate than placebo at week one, indicating the rapid antidepressant effect.DiscussionThese new compounds with novel mechanisms of action are expected to provide a greater variety of treatment options for depression if preliminary positive results are confirmed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-01-18", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1055/a-1714-9097", "pubmed_id": "35045580", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1714-9097", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Registries, Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35045580\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4993, "title": "Psilocybine vergeleken met escitalopram bij depressie", "normalized_title": "psilocybine vergeleken met escitalopram bij depressie", "authors": "Jurriaan F. M. Strous", "abstract": "Carhart-Harris et al. performed a study in which they compared psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy to escitalopram in combination with psychotherapy for depression. In this commentary, the author first summarizes the study results: in this double blind randomized controlled trial, psilocybin yielded an antidepressant effect comparable to escitalopram. Then, the author reflects on both the implications this study might have for future clinical practice and on the still existing shortcomings pertaining to psychedelic research in psychiatry. Psychedelic treatments might become guideline-based treatment after phase III trials have been performed. However, to date, only phase II trials have been performed and little is known about psilocybin's ability to maintain its antidepressant effect. In addition, blinding issues with psychedelic treatments remain, and media might have presented a premature and overly positive image of psychedelics as a possible treatment for psychiatric illness.", "journal": "Pure Amsterdam UMC", "publication_date": "2022-01-16", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://pure.amsterdamumc.nl/en/publications/b99a8d48-a871-49d6-978c-969dd09a6dae", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Blinding, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Double blind, Psychology, Clinical trial, Clinical Practice, Randomized controlled trial, Citalopram, Mental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7132220122\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7132220122\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001600536\",\"display_name\":\"Jurriaan F. M. Strous\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8767-2851\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407055222\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pure Amsterdam UMC\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pure.amsterdamumc.nl/en/publications/b99a8d48-a871-49d6-978c-969dd09a6dae\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7132220122" }, { "id": 1834, "title": "[Psilocybin compared with escitalopram for depression].", "normalized_title": "psilocybin compared with escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Strous JFM.", "abstract": "Carhart-Harris et al. performed a study in which they compared psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy to escitalopram in combination with psychotherapy for depression. In this commentary, the author first summarizes the study results: in this double blind randomized controlled trial, psilocybin yielded an antidepressant effect comparable to escitalopram. Then, the author reflects on both the implications this study might have for future clinical practice and on the still existing shortcomings pertaining to psychedelic research in psychiatry. Psychedelic treatments might become guideline-based treatment after phase III trials have been performed. However, to date, only phase II trials have been performed and little is known about psilocybin's ability to maintain its antidepressant effect. In addition, blinding issues with psychedelic treatments remain, and media might have presented a premature and overly positive image of psychedelics as a possible treatment for psychiatric illness.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2022-01-16", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "35138714", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35138714", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psychiatry, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35138714\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4221159545\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4221159545\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001600536\",\"display_name\":\"Jurriaan F. M. Strous\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8767-2851\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35138714\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4221159545" }, { "id": 1829, "title": "Analysis of recreational psychedelic substance use experiences classified by substance.", "normalized_title": "analysis of recreational psychedelic substance use experiences classified by substance", "authors": "Hase A, Erdmann M, Limbach V, Hasler G.", "abstract": "Rationale and objectivesDifferences among psychedelic substances regarding their subjective experiences are clinically and scientifically interesting. Quantitative linguistic analysis is a powerful tool to examine such differences. This study compared five psychedelic substance report groups and a non-psychedelic report group on quantitative linguistic markers of psychological states and processes derived from recreational use-based online experience reports.MethodsUsing 2947 publicly available online reports, we compared Ayahuasca and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT, analyzed together), ketamine, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin (mushroom), and antidepressant drug use experiences. We examined word frequencies related to various psychological states and processes and semantic proximity to psychedelic and mystical experience scales.ResultsLinguistic markers of psychological function indicated distinct effect profiles. For example, MDMA experience reports featured an emotionally intensifying profile accompanied by many cognitive process words and dynamic-personal language. In contrast, Ayahuasca and DMT experience reports involved relatively little emotional language, few cognitive process words, increased analytical thinking-associated language, and the most semantic similarity with psychedelic and mystical experience descriptions. LSD, psilocybin mushroom, and ketamine reports showed only small differences on the emotion-, analytical thinking-, psychedelic, and mystical experience-related language outcomes. Antidepressant reports featured more negative emotional and cognitive process-related words, fewer positive emotional and analytical thinking-related words, and were generally not similar to mystical and psychedelic language.ConclusionThis article addresses an existing research gap regarding the comparison of different psychedelic drugs on linguistic profiles of psychological states, processes, and experiences. The large sample of experience reports involving multiple psychedelic drugs provides valuable information that would otherwise be difficult to obtain. The results could inform experimental research into psychedelic drug effects in healthy populations and clinical trials for psychedelic treatments of psychiatric problems.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-01-14", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06062-3", "pubmed_id": "35031816", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06062-3", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35031816\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4205576215\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4205576215\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":33,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1426669486\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974512493\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975790234\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983552968\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034187022\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038166296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045167113\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045231516\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048529682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056473508\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075033894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084808900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100834566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107259975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114525052\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117003509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123488676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135643379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139875525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140910804\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147152072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149569290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160869008\",\"https://openalex.org/W2176587016\",\"https://openalex.org/W2249595199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2303614667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325207359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413573456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2508396631\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2597843020\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2785254539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790056169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793244201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793403693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889959197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892307734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897583329\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900445331\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911924713\",\"https://openalex.org/W2915177913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940999002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983486486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990240756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995742834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3002888945\",\"https://openalex.org/W3026621572\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039296282\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111336391\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167789562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237381338\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399639438\",\"https://openalex.org/W6631239350\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004038831\",\"display_name\":\"Adrian Hase\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3072-706X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046768106\",\"display_name\":\"M Erdmann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089951357\",\"display_name\":\"Verena Limbach\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081182943\",\"display_name\":\"Gregor Hasler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8311-0138\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06062-3\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Biomarkers,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4205576215" }, { "id": 1773, "title": "Assessing the risk-benefit profile of classical psychedelics: a clinical review of second-wave psychedelic research.", "normalized_title": "assessing the risk benefit profile of classical psychedelics a clinical review of second wave psychedelic research", "authors": "Bender D, Hellerstein DJ.", "abstract": "RationaleA broad reassessment of the potential benefits of psychedelic drugs has led to the initiation of multiple major clinical trials in an effort to advance their status to become FDA-approved medications, as well as local legislative efforts to legalize or decriminalize their use.ObjectivesTo use recently published data to assess potential risks and benefits of psychedelic drugs as therapeutics, as well as to synthesize what is currently known in order to generate fruitful future research directions.MethodsA review of studies conducted since 1991 identified 14 clinical trials of classical psychedelics, including 11 of psilocybin (N = 257 participants), 1 of lysergic acid diethylamide (N = 12 participants), and 2 of ayahuasca (N = 46 participants). Other published studies (e.g., of healthy volunteers, survey studies, case reports, neuroimaging) were also considered for review.ResultsPublished studies since 1991 largely support the hypothesis that small numbers of treatments with psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy can offer significant and sustained alleviation to symptoms of multiple psychiatric conditions. No serious adverse events attributed to psychedelic therapy have been reported. Existing studies have several limitations, including small sample sizes, inherent difficulty in blinding, relatively limited follow-up, and highly screened treatment populations.ConclusionsSubstantial data have been gathered in the past 30 years suggesting that psychedelics are a potent treatment for a variety of common psychiatric conditions, though the ideal means of employing these substances to minimize adverse events and maximize therapeutic effects remains controversial. Unique factors related to study design are vital for clinical researchers in the field to address.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-01-12", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-021-06049-6", "pubmed_id": "35022823", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-06049-6", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Risk Assessment, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35022823\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Case Report,Observational Study,Healthy Volunteers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1847, "title": "The effects of psilocybin on cognitive and emotional functions in healthy participants: Results from a phase 1, randomised, placebo-controlled trial involving simultaneous psilocybin administration and preparation.", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on cognitive and emotional functions in healthy participants results from a phase 1 randomised placebo controlled trial involving simultaneous psilocybin administration and preparation", "authors": "Rucker JJ, Marwood L, Ajantaival RJ, Bird C, Eriksson H, Harrison J, Lennard-Jones M, Mistry S, Saldarini F, Stansfield S, Tai SJ, Williams S, Weston N, Malievskaia E, Young AH.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin, a psychoactive serotonin receptor partial agonist, has been reported to acutely reduce clinical symptoms of depressive disorders. Psilocybin's effects on cognitive function have not been widely or systematically studied.AimThe aim of this study was to explore the safety of simultaneous administration of psilocybin to healthy participants in the largest randomised controlled trial of psilocybin to date. Primary and secondary endpoints assessed the short- and longer-term change in cognitive functioning, as assessed by a Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) Panel, and emotional processing scales. Safety was assessed via endpoints which included cognitive function, assessed by CANTAB global composite score, and treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) monitoring.MethodsIn this phase 1, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, healthy participants (n = 89; mean age 36.1 years; 41 females, 48 males) were randomised to receive a single oral dose of 10 or 25 mg psilocybin, or placebo, administered simultaneously to up to six participants, with one-to-one psychological support - each participant having an assigned, dedicated therapist available throughout the session.ResultsIn total, 511 TEAEs were reported, with a median duration of 1.0 day; 67% of all TEAEs started and resolved on the day of administration. There were no serious TEAEs, and none led to study withdrawal. There were no clinically relevant between-group differences in CANTAB global composite score, CANTAB cognitive domain scores, or emotional processing scale scores.ConclusionsThese results indicate that 10 mg and 25 mg doses of psilocybin were generally well tolerated when given to up to six participants simultaneously and did not have any detrimental short- or long-term effects on cognitive functioning or emotional processing.Clinical trial registrationEudraCT (https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/) number: 2018-000978-30.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-01-03", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811211064720", "pubmed_id": "35090363", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211064720", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Cognition, Neuropsychological Tests, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Time Factors, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35090363\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":101,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1269562257\",\"https://openalex.org/W1532044842\",\"https://openalex.org/W1599190429\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000083255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024747286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056725110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100958095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108984307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117522474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122307809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134822928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150781787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163072248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412432222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461807154\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2554961705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567289819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589381868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769330928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806513910\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890724459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127006271\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214728203\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230626221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236038590\",\"https://openalex.org/W4256648276\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294333904\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313429353\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075703225\",\"display_name\":\"Riikka-Liisa Johanna Ajantaival\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033191459\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bird\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-6931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103127258\",\"display_name\":\"Hans Eriksson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1799-289X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055702421\",\"display_name\":\"John Harrison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-4923\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033335673\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Lennard-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068780630\",\"display_name\":\"Francesco Saldarini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6798-3898\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003939496\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Tai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-5796\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111726730\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031507161\",\"display_name\":\"N. Weston\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9961-7884\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211064720\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4205906672" }, { "id": 5014, "title": "Psilocybin may be effective for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin may be effective for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "The largest trial to date of the psychedelic drug psilocybin has shown that, alongside psychological support, a single 25mg dose may improve the symptoms of treatment-resistant depression. The phase II study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine on 3 November 2022, was conducted across 22 sites in 10 countries, including the UK, between […]", "journal": "Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1211/pj.2022.1.164911", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2022.1.164911", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Keynesian economics, Economics, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313001717\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313001717\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80542161\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2022.1.164911\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313001717" }, { "id": 5005, "title": "The efficacy of COMP360 psilocybin therapy in treatment-resistant depression: exploratory results from a phase IIb randomised controlled trial", "normalized_title": "the efficacy of comp360 psilocybin therapy in treatment resistant depression exploratory results from a phase iib randomised controlled trial", "authors": "G. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Boadie W. Dunlop, D. Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, L. Marwood, S. Mistry, Metten Somers, S.C. Stansfield, J. Tsai, S. Williams, Allan H. Young, Sidney Zisook, E. Malievskaia", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100213", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100213", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313200620\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313200620\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077798189\",\"display_name\":\"G. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080395573\",\"display_name\":\"D. Feifel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047032117\",\"display_name\":\"L. Marwood\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016967968\",\"display_name\":\"S. Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012370983\",\"display_name\":\"S.C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043433258\",\"display_name\":\"J. Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042134638\",\"display_name\":\"S. Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053651400\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Zisook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-9185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012063316\",\"display_name\":\"E. Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100213\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313200620" }, { "id": 5002, "title": "The safety and efficacy of COMP360 psilocybin therapy in treatment-resistant depression: results from a phase IIb randomised controlled trial", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of comp360 psilocybin therapy in treatment resistant depression results from a phase iib randomised controlled trial", "authors": "G.M. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Boadie W. Dunlop, David Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, N. Hewitt, L. Marwood, S. Mistry, Metten Somers, S.C. Stansfield, J. Tsai, S. Williams, Antony Young, Sidney Zisook, E. Malievskaia", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100511", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100511", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Phase (matter), Medicine, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Cognition, Chemistry, Economics, Organic chemistry, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313199626\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313199626\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023164918\",\"display_name\":\"G.M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039824360\",\"display_name\":\"N. Hewitt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047032117\",\"display_name\":\"L. Marwood\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016967968\",\"display_name\":\"S. Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012370983\",\"display_name\":\"S.C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043433258\",\"display_name\":\"J. Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042134638\",\"display_name\":\"S. Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087076735\",\"display_name\":\"Antony Young\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053651400\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Zisook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-9185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012063316\",\"display_name\":\"E. Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100511\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313199626" }, { "id": 4998, "title": "An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the use of psilocybin by veterans with symptoms of trauma", "normalized_title": "an interpretative phenomenological analysis of the use of psilocybin by veterans with symptoms of trauma", "authors": "F. N. Smith, Joanna C. Neill, Verity Wainwright", "abstract": "Veterans are at increased risk of experiencing symptoms of trauma. Although many benefit from available treatments, some find treatment inaccessible or ineffective and explore alternative substances. One such substance is psilocybin. This Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis study aimed to provide an initial insight into the experiences of veterans who have used or have considered using psilocybin and their perspectives regarding the acceptability of it as a treatment for their self-reported symptoms of trauma. Seven veterans with current or historic trauma symptoms were interviewed. All participants had either used or considered using psilocybin to alleviate their symptoms. All participants reported perceiving barriers when accessing treatment with many considering psilocybin out of desperation. All participants who had used psilocybin reported immediate and long-term improvements in their symptomatology. The study suggests that some perceive current treatments as ineffective and/or inaccessible, leading to the consideration of alternatives, such as psilocybin. The immediate and long-term symptom reductions reported suggest it may be a viable treatment option for symptoms of trauma for some. However, further research and clinical trials are required to form conclusions on the therapeutic potential of psilocybin for this group.", "journal": "Drug Science Policy and Law", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/20503245221124117", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20503245221124117", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Qualitative research, Sociology, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4295169116\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4295169116\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1514491136\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969426010\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979278822\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983350514\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986748622\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988648157\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007985340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008476614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009925557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020127485\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023958077\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049676413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057344941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072312133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080406089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089149909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097141256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127654449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128960262\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131417328\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142717658\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150261153\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151025498\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152988372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170503011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171540313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2177990499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2187253811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2316063445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490159447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598895258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604674575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2613337375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2751240458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3002125030\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007379062\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3041518543\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087672006\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210162930\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212983967\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236555390\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315817451\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391468797\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034485776\",\"display_name\":\"F. N. Smith\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049098570\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna C. Neill\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-9739\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087422921\",\"display_name\":\"Verity Wainwright\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-250X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210227935\",\"source_display_name\":\"Drug Science Policy and Law\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503245221124117\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Veterans,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4295169116" }, { "id": 1857, "title": "Psilocybin for the Treatment of Depression: A Promising New Pharmacotherapy Approach.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for the treatment of depression a promising new pharmacotherapy approach", "authors": "Agin-Liebes G, Davis AK.", "abstract": "Depression is highly prevalent and represents the leading cause of global disability and primary contributor to overall global burden of disease. Several lines of evidence from early-phase experimental trials suggest that serotonergic psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, with therapeutic support show great promise in the treatment of depression with large effect sizes. Neuroimaging data have also revealed the dynamic effects of psilocybin on functional activity within and between neural regions. This chapter reviews the methods and findings from three small human laboratory clinical trials examining the effects of psilocybin therapy for patients with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Insights from functional magnetic resonance imaging and qualitative analyses are also presented, as well as a discussion of study limitations and future directions for the research.", "journal": "Current topics in behavioral neurosciences", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2021_282", "pubmed_id": "34811715", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2021_282", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34811715\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":16,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W496281\",\"https://openalex.org/W1531503374\",\"https://openalex.org/W1577917850\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987450364\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995473199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017435851\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018957682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036735145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053011811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055862036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095852687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097572674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107786290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172121068\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411701272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553734262\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737966001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889525702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112172827\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193146023\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231328231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4360754754\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2754447418\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2021_282\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3216485471" }, { "id": 1854, "title": "Psychedelic medicines for mood disorders: current evidence and clinical considerations.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic medicines for mood disorders current evidence and clinical considerations", "authors": "Sarris J, Pinzon Rubiano D, Day K, Galvão-Coelho NL, Perkins D.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewDespite advances in treatment modalities for mood disorders over recent decades, further therapeutic options are still required. Increased research is occurring, with the pursuit of psychedelic-based pharmacotherapies for a range of mood disorders and other conditions.Recent findingsSerotonergic psychedelics have been found to modulate brain networks underlying various psychiatric disorders, as well promoting neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. Randomized placebo-controlled trials have found psilocybin with psychological support effective at treating depression, including treatment-resistant depression; with emergent research also signalling N,N-dimethyltryptamine/ayahuasca also as a potential option for the treatment of depression. Lysergic acid diethylamide has been found to have anxiolytic effects, whereas 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has been used effectively to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with Phase III clinical trial evidence. Microdosing of psychedelics is a growing phenomenon that has shown benefits in some preclinical data; however, a recent self-directed controlled trial reported no evidence of improved mood.SummaryCurrent research with medicinal psychedelics, usually as an adjunct to psychotherapy, has shown encouraging results in treating mood disorders. However, there are challenges regarding blinding and sample sizes remain small, and there have been no definitive Phase III studies (aside from MDMA for PTSD). Further work exploring novel formulations, interface with pharmacogenomics and the microbiome, and inflammatory pathways can be advised.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1097/yco.0000000000000759", "pubmed_id": "34855694", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/yco.0000000000000759", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mood Disorders, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34855694\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3214407741\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3214407741\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1810864195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007549333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011428797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018957682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019379291\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025961724\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052800296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097563002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099601730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127654449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133416128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2218174899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413573456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588080892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788130744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792164490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801130428\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889525702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892030583\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912970239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923355729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926665170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942451714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945519735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948924404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949943874\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953280092\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978567744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981779913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014803974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023636576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3034423620\",\"https://openalex.org/W3040046088\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092438109\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111293057\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127961940\",\"https://openalex.org/W3132728164\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160765419\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165684389\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185477803\",\"https://openalex.org/W6683883610\",\"https://openalex.org/W6734128243\",\"https://openalex.org/W6758612838\",\"https://openalex.org/W6762583173\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013936218\",\"display_name\":\"Jerome Sarris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-8854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019305066\",\"display_name\":\"Diego Pinzon Rubiano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103254095\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberley Day\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4925-3602\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041005999\",\"display_name\":\"Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4887-8635\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049230775\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Perkins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-1649\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34855694\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Genomics,Microbiome,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3214407741" }, { "id": 1850, "title": "Psilocybin: crystal structure solutions enable phase analysis of prior art and recently patented examples.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin crystal structure solutions enable phase analysis of prior art and recently patented examples", "authors": "Sherwood AM, Kargbo RB, Kaylo KW, Cozzi NV, Meisenheimer P, Kaduk JA.", "abstract": "Psilocybin {systematic name: 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate} is a zwitterionic tryptamine natural product found in numerous species of fungi known for their psychoactive properties. Following its structural elucidation and chemical synthesis in 1959, purified synthetic psilocybin has been evaluated in clinical trials and has shown promise in the treatment of various mental health disorders. In a recent process-scale crystallization investigation, three crystalline forms of psilocybin were repeatedly observed: Hydrate A, Polymorph A, and Polymorph B. The crystal structure for Hydrate A was solved previously by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This article presents new crystal structure solutions for the two anhydrates, Polymorphs A and B, based on Rietveld refinement using laboratory and synchrotron X-ray diffraction data, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Utilizing the three solved structures, an investigation was conducted via Rietveld method (RM) based quantitative phase analysis (QPA) to estimate the contribution of the three different forms in powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns provided by different sources of bulk psilocybin produced between 1963 and 2021. Over the last 57 years, each of these samples quantitatively reflect one or more of the hydrate and anhydrate polymorphs. In addition to quantitatively evaluating the composition of each sample, this article evaluates correlations between the crystal forms present, corresponding process methods, sample age, and storage conditions. Furthermore, revision is recommended on characterizations in recently granted patents that include descriptions of crystalline psilocybin inappropriately reported as a single-phase `isostructural variant.' Rietveld refinement demonstrated that the claimed material was composed of approximately 81% Polymorph A and 19% Polymorph B, both of which have been identified in historical samples. In this article, we show conclusively that all published data can be explained in terms of three well-defined forms of psilocybin and that no additional forms are needed to explain the diffraction patterns.", "journal": "Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1107/s2053229621013164", "pubmed_id": "34982048", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1107/s2053229621013164", "keywords": "Crystallization, X-Ray Diffraction, Crystallography, X-Ray, Hydrogen Bonding, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34982048\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200445562\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200445562\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":10,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1913978613\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966766195\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967485833\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970097496\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994098092\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998920258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007395042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008243158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010945074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021720051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025598932\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031266723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043922851\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059009017\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059205366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088345763\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123548513\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131350133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134161849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142787097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150207441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153905235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154456460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156118208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159878435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2290353027\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319902168\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775417640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793443888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794644341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810374266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886435130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904292953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991188715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999478951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092810420\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318471178\",\"https://openalex.org/W7019299015\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Kristi W. Kaylo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nicholas V. Cozzi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-6063\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Poncho Meisenheimer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"James A. Kaduk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6610-541X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393918092\",\"source_display_name\":\"Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1107/s2053229621013164\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200445562" }, { "id": 1844, "title": "Psilocybin Conspectus: Status, Production Methods, and Considerations.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin conspectus status production methods and considerations", "authors": "Plotnik L, Gibbs G, Graham T.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a psychoactive alkaloid that is produced naturally by approximately 200 species of mushrooms. The potential medical use of this molecule for the treatment of mental illness is gaining renewed momentum. As demand grows and clinical trials progress, appropriate methods for producing a quality pharmaceutical product are needed. This review highlights the methods currently available, such as the prominent synthetic method and its biosynthetic alternatives, as well as others on the near horizon. This article further seeks to discuss the rapid and evolving nature of the psilocybin industry in the 21st century.", "journal": "International journal of medicinal mushrooms", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2021041921", "pubmed_id": "35442591", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2021041921", "keywords": "Agaricales, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35442591\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3214903520\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3214903520\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1882482010\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015086459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775417640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810374266\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091936754\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092151265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682579402\",\"https://openalex.org/W6739316299\",\"https://openalex.org/W6753353868\",\"https://openalex.org/W6755427838\",\"https://openalex.org/W6768045174\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Lauren Plotnik\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Grace Gibbs\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Thomas Graham\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S79925788\",\"source_display_name\":\"International journal of medicinal mushrooms\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2021041921\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3214903520" }, { "id": 1807, "title": "Effects of Naturalistic Psychedelic Use on Depression, Anxiety, and Well-Being: Associations With Patterns of Use, Reported Harms, and Transformative Mental States.", "normalized_title": "effects of naturalistic psychedelic use on depression anxiety and well being associations with patterns of use reported harms and transformative mental states", "authors": "Raison CL, Jain R, Penn AD, Cole SP, Jain S", "abstract": "Survey-based studies suggest naturalistic psychedelic use provides mental health benefits similar to those observed in clinical trials. The current study sought to confirm these findings in a large group of psychedelic users and to conduct a novel examination of associations between amount of psychedelic use and behavioral outcomes, as well as frequency of harms ascribed to psychedelic use. A cross-sectional, online survey was completed by 2,510 adults reporting at least one lifetime psychedelic experience. Participants retrospectively completed a battery of instruments assessing depression, anxiety, and emotional well-being prior to and following psychedelic exposure. Participants also reported preferred psychedelic agent, number of uses, and harms attributed to psychedelic use. Psychedelic use was associated with significant improvements in depressive and anxious symptoms and with increased emotional well-being. These improvements increased in magnitude with increasing psychedelic exposure, with a ceiling effect. However, improvements were noted following a single lifetime use. Strong evidence for benefit of one preferred psychedelic agent over another was not observed, but enduring increases in factors related to mystical-experience and prosocial perspective taking associated with enhanced mental health. Thirteen percent of the survey sample ( = 330) endorsed at least one harm from psychedelic use, and these participants reported less mental health benefit. Results from the current study add to a growing database indicating that psychedelic use-even outside the context of clinical trials-may provide a wide range of mental health benefits, while also posing some risk for harm in a minority of individuals.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2022.831092", "pubmed_id": "35370864", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35370864/", "keywords": "anxiety, ayahuasca, depression, harms, patterns of use, psilocybin, psychedelics, well-being", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35370864\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1747, "title": "A systematic literature review of clinical trials and therapeutic applications of ibogaine.", "normalized_title": "a systematic literature review of clinical trials and therapeutic applications of ibogaine", "authors": "Köck P, Froelich K, Walter M, Lang U, Dürsteler KM.", "abstract": "BackgroundIboga and its primary alkaloids, ibogaine and noribogaine, have been of interest to researchers and practitioners, mainly due to their putative efficacy in treating substance use disorders (SUDs). For many SUDs, still no effective pharmacotherapies exist. Distinct psychoactive and somatic effects of the iboga alkaloids set them apart from classic hallucinogens like LSD, mescaline, and psilocybin.AimsThe study team performed this systematic review focusing on clinical data and therapeutic interventions involving ibogaine and noribogaine.MethodsThe team conducted a search for all publications up to December 7, 2020, using PubMed and Embase following PRISMA guidelines.ResultsIn total, we identified 743 records. In this review, we consider 24 studies, which included 705 individuals receiving ibogaine or noribogaine. This review includes two randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials, one double-blind controlled clinical trial, 17 open-label studies or case series (including observational or retrospective studies), three case reports, and one retrospective survey. The published data suggest that ibogaine is an effective therapeutic intervention within the context of SUDs, reducing withdrawal symptoms and craving. Data also point toward a beneficial impact on depressive and trauma-related psychological symptoms. However, studies have reported severe medical complications and deaths, which seem to be associated with neuro- and cardiotoxic effects of ibogaine. Two of these fatalities were described in the 24 studies included in this review.ConclusionTreatment of SUDs and persisting comorbidities requires innovative treatment approaches. Rapid-onset therapies such as the application of ibogaine may offer novel treatment opportunities for specific individuals. Rigorous study designs within medical settings are necessary to warrant safe application, monitoring, and, possibly, medical intervention.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-29", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108717", "pubmed_id": "35012793", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108717", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Alkaloids, Ibogaine, Hallucinogens, Retrospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Observational Studies as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35012793\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Observational Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3526, "title": "LSD Treatment in Persons Suffering From Anxiety Symptoms in Severe Somatic Diseases or in Psychiatric Anxiety Disorders: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase II Study", "normalized_title": "lsd treatment in persons suffering from anxiety symptoms in severe somatic diseases or in psychiatric anxiety disorders a randomized double blind placebo controlled phase ii study", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "Background: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) was extensively investigated in humans in the 1950s and 1960s. Particularly, LSD attenuated anxiety in patients with cancer. Clinical research with LSD ended in the 1970s due to regulatory restrictions but its use for personal and recreational purposes continued. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the use hallucinogens in psychiatric research and practices. LSD and psilocybin were reused in experimental studies in healthy subjects and in the treatment for anxiety in patients with life-threatening diseases. Specifically, a pilot study documented that LSD can be used safely and may reduce anxiety in these patients. Larger well-designed and placebo-controlled studies are warranted. Similar studies have recently been completed with the hallucinogen psilocybin. Objective: To test the efficacy of LSD in patients with anxiety with or without life-threatening diseases. Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled random-order cross-over trial using two LSD (200 µg) and two placebo sessions with subjects acting as their own control. Participants: 40 patients aged \\> 25 years with anxiety disorder (according to DSM-IV or a state-trait anxiety inventory score \\>40 in the STAI trait or state scale) with or without life-threatening illness. Main outcome measures: Reduction in anxiety (STAI), depression (Hamilton depression rating scale, HDRS and Beck depression inventory, BDI), and general psychopathological symptoms (Symptom Check List 90 items, SCL-90) at 2, 8, and 16 weeks after LSD- compared with placebo-assisted psychotherapy. Significance: Anxiety disorder (alone or in the context of life-threatening illness) is frequent and often insufficiently managed with available medications. This study will evaluate the potential benefits of single treatments with LSD in anxiety disorder.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-12-21", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03153579", "keywords": "Patients, Anxiety Disorders, LSD, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03153579\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1871, "title": "Palliative care provider attitudes toward existential distress and treatment with psychedelic-assisted therapies.", "normalized_title": "palliative care provider attitudes toward existential distress and treatment with psychedelic assisted therapies", "authors": "Niles H, Fogg C, Kelmendi B, Lazenby M", "abstract": "Existential distress is a significant source of suffering for patients facing life-threatening illness. Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies (PAT) are novel treatments that have shown promise in treating existential distress, but openness to providing PAT may be limited by stigma surrounding psychedelics and the paucity of education regarding their medical use. How PAT might be integrated into existing treatments for existential distress within palliative care remains underexplored. The present study aimed to elucidate the attitudes of palliative care clinicians regarding treatments for existential distress, including PAT. We recruited palliative care physicians, advanced practice nurses, and spiritual and psychological care providers from multiple US sites using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Attitudes toward PAT were unknown prior to study involvement. Semi-structured interviews targeted at current approaches to existential distress and attitudes toward PAT were analyzed for thematic content. Nineteen respondents (seven physicians, four advanced practice nurses, four chaplains, three social workers, and one psychologist) were interviewed. Identified themes were 1) Existential distress is a common experience that is frequently insufficiently treated within the current treatment framework; 2) Palliative care providers ultimately see existential distress as a psychosocial-spiritual problem that evades medicalized approaches; 3) Palliative care providers believe PAT hold promise for treating existential distress but that a stronger evidence base is needed; 4) Because PAT do not currently fit existing models of existential distress treatment, barriers remain. PAT is seen as a potentially powerful tool to treat refractory existential distress. Larger clinical trials and educational outreach are needed to clarify treatment targets and address safety concerns. Further work to adapt PAT to palliative care settings should emphasize collaboration with spiritual care as well as mental health providers and seek to address unresolved concerns about equitable access.", "journal": "BMC palliative care", "publication_date": "2021-12-19", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1186/s12904-021-00889-x", "pubmed_id": "34930220", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34930220/", "keywords": "Demoralization, Existential distress, Psilocybin, Psychedelic-assisted therapy, Spiritual distress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"34930220\"}", "topic_tags": "End-of-Life Distress,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1808, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depression: Emerging research on a psychedelic compound with a rich history.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression emerging research on a psychedelic compound with a rich history", "authors": "Pearson C, Siegel J, Gold JA.", "abstract": "There is a serious need for novel therapies that treat individuals with depression, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). An emerging body of research has demonstrated that psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin, combined with supportive psychotherapy, exert rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. The use of psychedelics is not new: they have a rich history with evidence of their use in ritual and medical settings. However, due to political, social, and cultural pressures, their use was limited until modern clinical trials began to emerge in the 2010s. This review provides a comprehensive look at the potential use of psilocybin in the treatment of depression and TRD. It includes an overview of the history, pharmacology, and proposed mechanism of psilocybin, and describes several published studies in the last decade which have provided evidence of the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for individuals with depression. It also includes a discussion of the limitations and barriers of current research on psychedelics. The results of these studies are contextualized within the current treatment landscape through an overview of the pathophysiology of depression and the treatments currently in use, as well as the clinical needs these novel therapies have the promise to fulfill.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-15", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.jns.2021.120096", "pubmed_id": "34942586", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2021.120096", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34942586\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1845, "title": "Human behavioral pharmacology of psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "human behavioral pharmacology of psychedelics", "authors": "Strickland JC, Johnson MW.", "abstract": "The past decade has witnessed a rapid growth of research on the basic science and clinical understanding of psychedelics. This chapter provides an overview of the human behavioral pharmacology of psychedelics focusing on three prototypic classic psychedelics-psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and dimethyltryptamine (DMT). A brief historical overview of the classic psychedelics and naming and drug classification is first specified. Next, special considerations in the conduct of human behavioral pharmacology work with psychedelics is described including the role of set and setting, mystical experience measurement, the use of effective blinding and placebos, and the abuse liability of psychedelics. Following, a description of the subjective, physiological, and clinical effects of psilocybin, LSD, and DMT is provided. This body of work clearly documents a unique and complex collection of subjective effects following psychedelic use, both during acute drug administration and as related to long-term behavior change following use. Clinical research demonstrates potential therapeutic utility with early phase clinical trials showing positive and enduring effects in many difficult-to-treat conditions including treatment-resistant depression, alcohol use disorder, and cigarette smoking. Future work in this newly reemerged field is needed to reveal mechanisms of behavior change in psychedelic drug action. Behavioral pharmacology is ultimately well served to provide this direction answering questions at the intersection of environment and pharmacology.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-11-10", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/bs.apha.2021.10.003", "pubmed_id": "35341564", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apha.2021.10.003", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35341564\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Abuse Liability", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1750, "title": "From psychiatry to neurology: Psychedelics as prospective therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders.", "normalized_title": "from psychiatry to neurology psychedelics as prospective therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders", "authors": "Kozlowska U, Nichols C, Wiatr K, Figiel M.", "abstract": "The studies of psychedelics, especially psychedelic tryptamines like psilocybin, are rapidly gaining interest in neuroscience research. Much of this interest stems from recent clinical studies demonstrating that they have a unique ability to improve the debilitating symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) long-term after only a single treatment. Indeed, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently designated two Phase III clinical trials studying the ability of psilocybin to treat forms of MDD with \"Breakthrough Therapy\" status. If successful, the use of psychedelics to treat psychiatric diseases like depression would be revolutionary. As more evidence appears in the scientific literature to support their use in psychiatry to treat MDD on and substance use disorders (SUD), recent studies with rodents revealed that their therapeutic effects might extend beyond treating MDD and SUD. For example, psychedelics may have efficacy in the treatment and prevention of brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. Preclinical work has highlighted psychedelics' ability to induce neuroplasticity and synaptogenesis, and neural progenitor cell proliferation. Psychedelics may also act as immunomodulators by reducing levels of proinflammatory biomarkers, including IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Their exact molecular mechanisms, and induction of cellular interactions, especially between neural and glial cells, leading to therapeutic efficacy, remain to be determined. In this review, we discuss recent findings and information on how psychedelics may act therapeutically on cells within the central nervous system (CNS) during brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-10-21", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1111/jnc.15509", "pubmed_id": "34519052", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.15509", "keywords": "Humans, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Psychiatry, Neurology, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34519052\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Drug Interactions,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1894, "title": "Study Protocol for \"Psilocybin as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Pilot Study\".", "normalized_title": "study protocol for psilocybin as a treatment for anorexia nervosa a pilot study", "authors": "Spriggs MJ, Douglass HM, Park RJ, Read T, Danby JL, de Magalhães FJC, Alderton KL, Williams TM, Blemings A, Lafrance A, Nicholls DE, Erritzoe D, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious and life-threatening psychiatric condition. With a paucity of approved treatments, there is a desperate need for novel treatment avenues to be explored. Here, we present (1) an overview of the ways through which Public Patient Involvement (PPI) has informed a trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for AN and (2) a protocol for a pilot study of psilocybin-assisted therapy in AN currently underway at Imperial College London. The study aims to assess the feasibility, brain mechanisms and preliminary outcomes of treating anorexia nervosa with psilocybin. Methods: (1) PPI: Across two online focus groups, eleven individuals with lived experience of AN were presented with an overview of the protocol. Their feedback not only identified solutions to possible barriers for future participants, but also helped the research team to better understand the concept of \"recovery\" from the perspective of those with lived experience. (2) Protocol: Twenty female participants [21-65 years old, body mass index (BMI) 15 kg/m2 or above] will receive three oral doses of psilocybin (up to 25 mg) over a 6-week period delivered in a therapeutic environment and enveloped by psychological preparation and integration. We will work with participant support networks (care teams and an identified support person) throughout and there will be an extended remote follow-up period of 12 months. Our two-fold primary outcomes are (1) psychopathology (Eating Disorder Examination) across the 6-month follow-up and (2) readiness and motivation to engage in recovery (Readiness and Motivation Questionnaire) across the 6-week trial period. Neurophysiological outcome measures will be: (1) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain changes from baseline to 6-week endpoint and (2) post-acute changes in electroencephalography (EEG) activity, including an electrophysiological marker of neuronal plasticity. Discussion: The results of this pilot study will not only shed light on the acceptability, brain mechanisms, and impression of the potential efficacy of psilocybin as an adjunct treatment for AN but will be essential in shaping a subsequent Randomised Control Trial (RCT) that would test this treatment against a suitable control condition. Clinical Trial Registration: identifier: NCT04505189.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-10-19", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.735523", "pubmed_id": "34744825", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.735523", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34744825\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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J. Spriggs\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7800-1586\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031966441\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah Douglass\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-385X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005010143\",\"display_name\":\"Rebecca J. Park\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-4409\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083068952\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Read\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9755-4848\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046578118\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer L. Danby\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112142761\",\"display_name\":\"Frederico José Coelho de Magalhães\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008058826\",\"display_name\":\"Kirsty L. Alderton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101579525\",\"display_name\":\"Tom A. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1072-0223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048534479\",\"display_name\":\"Allan Blemings\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035542356\",\"display_name\":\"Adèle Lafrance\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-7786\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030053635\",\"display_name\":\"Dasha Nicholls\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7257-6605\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.735523\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Eating Disorders,End-of-Life Distress,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3205506305" }, { "id": 3459, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Cancer Patients With Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in cancer patients with major depressive disorder", "authors": "Maryland Oncology Hematology, PA", "abstract": "This is a Phase II, single-center, fixed dose, open label trial to explore the safety, tolerability and efficacy of a 25mg dose of psilocybin in cancer patients with MDD. The study population will include adult men and women, 18 years of age or above, with MDD, diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm. MDD is defined as those who meet DSM5 diagnostic criteria for a single or recurrent episode of MDD without psychotic features. A diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm is defined as having a diagnostic code from C00 to C97 according to the ICD-10. Recent randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psilocybin therapy for anxiety and depression associated with cancer diagnosis showed significant improvement in study endpoints reflecting psychological distress, as compared to placebo. The effects of a single psilocybin therapy session endured for up to six months with no specific follow-up care. In this study, we aim to explore the safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy in cancer patients, diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-10-14", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04593563", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04593563\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1899, "title": "Psilocybin for End-of-Life Anxiety Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for end of life anxiety symptoms a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Yu CL, Yang FC, Yang SN, Tseng PT, Stubbs B, Yeh TC, Hsu CW, Li DJ, Liang CS.", "abstract": "ObjectiveTo systematically examine the effectiveness and tolerability of psilocybin for treating end-of-life anxiety symptoms.MethodsThe Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and PsycINFO databases were searched up to November 25, 2020. We enrolled clinical trials investigating psilocybin for treating end-of-life anxiety symptoms. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects model.ResultsOverall, five studies were included, revealing that psilocybin was superior to the placebo in treating state anxiety at 1 day (Hedges' g, -0.70; 95% confidence interval, -1.01 to -0.39) and 2 weeks (-1.03; -1.47 to -0.60) after treatment. Psilocybin was more effective than placebo in treating trait anxiety at 1 day (-0.71; -1.15 to -0.26), 2 weeks (-1.08; -1.80 to -0.36), and 6 months (-0.84; -1.37 to -0.30) after treatment. Psilocybin was associated with transient elevation in systolic (19.00; 13.58-24.41 mm Hg) and diastolic (8.66; 5.18-12.15 mm Hg) blood pressure compared with placebo. The differences between psilocybin and placebo groups with regard to allcause discontinuation, serious adverse events, and heart rates were nonsignificant.ConclusionPsilocybin-assisted therapy could ameliorate end-of-life anxiety symptoms without serious adverse events. Because of the small sample sizes of the included studies and high heterogeneity on long-term outcomes, future randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes are needed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-10-07", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.30773/pi.2021.0209", "pubmed_id": "34619818", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2021.0209", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34619818\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1862, "title": "United States National Institutes of Health grant funding for psychedelic-assisted therapy clinical trials from 2006-2020.", "normalized_title": "united states national institutes of health grant funding for psychedelic assisted therapy clinical trials from 2006 2020", "authors": "Barnett BS, Parker SE, Weleff J.", "abstract": "BackgroundMedicine is currently experiencing a \"psychedelic renaissance\", said by many to have commenced in 2006. Since then, clinical trials have consistently demonstrated promising findings for psychedelic-assisted therapies in the treatment of various mental health conditions and addictions. While most of this work has been privately funded, governmental biomedical research funding bodies in countries such as Australia, Canada, Israel, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom have begun supporting it. Given that the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the largest public funder of biomedical research in the world, it is important to understand the degree to which the organization is supporting clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapies. We are unaware of existing literature quantifying direct NIH grant support for psychedelic-assisted therapy clinical trials, so we sought to answer this important question by searching all NIH grants awarded since the beginning of the psychedelic renaissance.MethodsWe queried NIH RePORTER, NIH's grant database, for grants awarded from 2006-2020 mentioning the psychedelics 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), ayahuasca, dimethyltryptamine (DMT), ibogaine, lysergic acid (LSD), mescaline, peyote, and psilocybin. We manually reviewed resulting grants to determine whether they directly funded psychedelic-assisted therapy clinical trials.ResultsWe identified zero NIH grants directly funding psychedelic-assisted therapy clinical trials during the study period.ConclusionWhile governmental biomedical research funding bodies in other countries have begun funding clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapies during the psychedelic renaissance, NIH has yet to directly fund a single psychedelic-assisted therapy clinical trial. Concerns about risks related to psychedelics, a federal law preventing promotion of legalization of Schedule 1 drugs, and prioritization of grants for other types of studies on psychedelics may explain the dearth of NIH funding for psychedelic-assisted therapy clinical trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-10-05", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103473", "pubmed_id": "34624734", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103473", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), United States, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34624734\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3203419443" }, { "id": 1573, "title": "Novel antidepressant drugs: Beyond monoamine targets.", "normalized_title": "novel antidepressant drugs beyond monoamine targets", "authors": "Gonda X, Dome P, Neill JC, Tarazi FI.", "abstract": "Treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) including treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major unmet need. Although there are several classes of dissimilar antidepressant drugs approved for MDD, the current drugs have either limited efficacy or are associated with undesirable side effects and withdrawal symptoms. The efficacy and side effects of antidepressant drugs are mainly attributed to their actions on different monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Development of new antidepressants with novel targets beyond the monoamine pathways may fill the unmet need in treatment of MDD and TRD. The recent approval of intranasal Esketamine (glutamatergic agent) in conjunction with an oral antidepressant for the treatment of adult TRD patients was the first step toward expanding beyond the monoamine targets. Several other glutamatergic (AXS-05, REL-1017, AV-101, SLS-002, AGN24175, and PCN-101) and GABAergic (brexanolone, zuranolone, and ganaxolone) drugs are currently in different stages of clinical development for MDD, TRD and other indications. The renaissance of psychedelic drugs and the emergence of preliminary positive clinical trial results with psilocybin, Ayahuasca, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may pave the way towards establishing this class of drugs as effective therapies for MDD, TRD and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Going beyond the monoamine targets appears to be an effective strategy to develop novel antidepressant drugs with superior efficacy, safety, and tolerability for the improved treatment of MDD and TRD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-09-29", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1017/s1092852921000791", "pubmed_id": "34588093", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852921000791", "keywords": "Humans, Norepinephrine, Serotonin, Antidepressive Agents, Adult, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34588093\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1864, "title": "Assessing the effects of methodological differences on outcomes in the use of psychedelics in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "assessing the effects of methodological differences on outcomes in the use of psychedelics in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Leger RF, Unterwald EM.", "abstract": "BackgroundClassical psychedelics are a group of drugs which act as agonists on the serotonin-2A (5-HT2A) receptor. Evidence suggests they may have a uniquely rapid and enduring positive effect on mood. However, marked heterogeneity between methodological designs in this emerging field remains a significant concern.AimsTo determine how differences in the type of psychedelic agent used and the number of dosing sessions administered affect subjects' depression and anxiety outcomes and adverse drug reactions (ADR).MethodsThis review collected and screened 1591 records from the MEDLINE and Web of Science databases for clinical trials reporting objective data on mood for subjects with a known anxiety or depression.ResultsAfter screening, nine clinical trials met inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of these studies showed significant, large positive effect sizes for measures of anxiety (Cohen's d = 1.26) and depression (Cohen's d = 1.38) overall. These positive effects were also significant at acute (⩽1 week) and extended (>1 week) time points. No significant differences were observed between trials using different psychedelic agents (psilocybin, ayahuasca or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)), however, a significant difference was observed in favour of trials with multiple dosing sessions. No serious ADR were reported.ConclusionPsilocybin, ayahuasca and LSD all appear to be effective and relatively safe agents capable of producing rapid and sustained improvements in anxiety and depression. Moreover, the findings of the present analysis suggest that they may show a greater efficacy when given to patients over multiple sessions as compared to the more common single session used in many of the existing trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-09-13", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/02698811211044688", "pubmed_id": "34519567", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211044688", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Affect, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34519567\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1915, "title": "Blinding and expectancy confounds in psychedelic randomized controlled trials.", "normalized_title": "blinding and expectancy confounds in psychedelic randomized controlled trials", "authors": "Muthukumaraswamy SD, Forsyth A, Lumley T.", "abstract": "Introduction: There is increasing interest in the potential for psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin, LSD and ketamine to treat several mental health disorders, with a growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) being conducted to investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of psychedelics.Areas covered: We review previous literature on expectancy effects and blinding in the context of psychedelic RCTs - literature which strongly suggest that psychedelic RCTs might be confounded by de-blinding and expectancy. We conduct systematic reviews of psychedelic RCTs using Medline, PsychInfo and EMBASE (Jan 1990 - Nov 2020) and show that currently reported psychedelic RCTs have generally not reported pre-trial expectancy, nor the success of blinding procedures.Expert opinion: While psychedelic RCTs have generally shown promising results, with large effect sizes reported, we argue that treatment effect sizes in psychedelic RCTs are likely over-estimated due to de-blinding of participants and high levels of response expectancy. We suggest that psychedelic RCTs should routinely measure de-blinding and expectancy. Careful attention should be paid to clinical trial design and the instructions given to participants to allow these confounds to be reduced, estimated and removed from effect size estimates. We urge caution in interpreting effect size estimates from extant psychedelic RCTs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-25", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1080/17512433.2021.1933434", "pubmed_id": "34038314", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2021.1933434", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Research Design, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin, Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34038314\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3371, "title": "Psychedelics and psychiatric disorders: A emerging role", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and psychiatric disorders a emerging role", "authors": "Peixoto C, Santos F, Rego D, Medeiros H.", "abstract": "Introduction Recently there has been renewal in interest of psychedelic research. Classic psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin and mescaline act pharmacologically as agonists at the 5-HT2A receptor. The entactogens like methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), acts as a serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline agonist. All of these drugs are potential candidates in the treatment of multiple psychiatric illnesses. Objectives The authors intend to review the literature on the clinical application of psychedelic drugs in psychiatric disorders. Methods Non-systematic review of the literature. Results In recent clinical trial the psychedelic is given with psychotherapeutic input. In a supportive setting, psychedelics produced immediate and significant anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects that were endured for several months. Randomized clinical trials support the efficace of psilocybin in the treatment of depression and those with anxiety and depression symptoms provoked by life-threatening cancer. There have also been studies showing efficacy in both alcohol and tobacco dependence. When administered safely LSD can reduce anxiety and have anti-addictive property. Randomized clinical trials support the efficacy of MDMA in the treatment of PTSD. Psychedelics were well-tolerated, few adverse effects have been reported. The most common adverse effects were transient anxiety, short-lived headaches, nausea and mild increases in heart rate and blood pressure, with no persisting adverse effects. Serious adverse events, such as persistent psychosis and suicidality, have not been demonstrated. Conclusions Psychedelics appear to be effective in multiple psychiatric disorders and are well-tolerated, although further evidence is required, to better see they therapeutic potential. Disclosure No significant relationships.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-12", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9470409", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9470409\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3211, "title": "Effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin assisted therapy on treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Fraga A, Esteves-Sousa D, Facucho-Oliveira J, Albuquerque M, Costa M, Dos Santos P, Moura N, Moutinho A.", "abstract": "Introduction Major depressive disorder is a highly prevalent clinical condition, affecting more than 300 million individuals worldwide. About 1/3 of patients with MDD fail to achieve remission despite treatment with multiple antidepressants and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Novel antidepressants with rapid and sustained effects on mood and cognition could represent a breakthrough in the TRD and may potentially improve or save lives. Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, more commonly found in the Psilocybe mushrooms has a combined serotonergic and glutamatergic action. The preliminary evidence of antidepressant effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy indicates the potential of psilocybin-assisted therapy as a novel antidepressant intervention. Objectives The authors elaborate a narrative literature review about the effects of Psilocybin-based therapy on patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. Methods PubMed database searched using the terms “Treatment-Resistant Depression AND Psilocybin” and targeting clinical trials. References of selected articles and review articles were also assessed. Results 2 articles evaluate psilocybin effects in 32 patients with TRD and showed that two doses of psilocybin alongside psychological support significantly reduces depressive symptoms. All patients presented some reduction in symptoms from baseline to one week after the second dose and reproduced immediate and substantial improvements in depression that ultimately could sustain up to 6 months. Conclusions Psilocybin-assisted therapy is a very appealing new possibility in the treatment of depression. However, due to the small populations of the existing trials, future studies are needed to prove this positive association and to fully understand Psilocybin’s mechanisms of actions and effects. Disclosure No significant relationships.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-12", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9480034", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9480034\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3156, "title": "Psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: What do we know so far?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder what do we know so far", "authors": "Descalço N, Medeiros A, Santos C, Borges G.", "abstract": "Introduction Psilocybin is a naturally occurring plant alkaloid in mushrooms and a prodrug of psilocin. It is a serotonin receptor (5-HT2A) agonist and known psychedelic, with similar hallucinatory properties to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It has been identified as a safe and effective option in treatment-resistant depression. Literature focus mainly on its use on depressive but its interest in other psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has grown. Objectives To review the clinical evidence for the use of hallucinogens such as psilocybin in OCD. Methods Non-systematic review of literature found on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using the keywords “obsessive-compulsive disorder”, “psilocybin” and “hallucinogens”. Articles may include clinical trials, case report or case series. Articles found were admitted according to their relevance for the topic in review; only articles in English were included. Ongoing research trials on this topic were checked on ClinicalTrials.gov. Results So far, only one open-label non-randomized study directly assessed the effects of psilocybin on OCD patients that found acute reductions of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Case reports of patients improving with off-label use of psilocybin are reported. There are two ongoing phase I research trials, aiming to explore the effect of the substance on symptomatology, hypothesizing that psilocybin will normalize cerebral connectivity and thus correlate with clinical improvement. Conclusions More research to establish the usefulness of psilocybin in OCD patients is needed; the collected data is encouraging are there may be a role for its use on this disorder.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-12", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9476072", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9476072\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2139, "title": "The Potential Role of Serotonergic Hallucinogens in Depression Treatment.", "normalized_title": "the potential role of serotonergic hallucinogens in depression treatment", "authors": "Psiuk D, Nowak E, Cholewa K, Łopuszańska U, Samardakiewicz M.", "abstract": "Due to an increasing number of depression diagnoses and limited effective treatments, researchers continue to explore novel therapeutic strategies for this disorder. Recently, interest has revolved around the use of serotonergic psychedelics to reduce the symptoms of depression. In this systematic review, we summarize the currently available knowledge on the safety and efficacy of psychedelic substances for the treatment of depression. A literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE database identified 14 clinical trials from the last 10 years that examined the use of psilocybin, MDMA, DMT, or LSD for the treatment of depression symptoms. Some psychedelics, especially psilocybin, demonstrated an ability to reduce depressive symptoms as measured by several psychological scales, which was often sustained for months after the last psychedelic session. Moreover, one study revealed that psilocybin has comparable efficacy to escitalopram in the treatment of depression. None of the studies reported any serious adverse events associated with psychedelic administration. The reviewed studies suggest that psychedelics have great potential in depression therapy and, after addressing and overcoming the current study limitations, may be used as a novel method of treating depression in the future.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-07-28", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3390/life11080765", "pubmed_id": "34440508", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/life11080765", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34440508\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1878, "title": "Classic psychedelics in the treatment of substance use disorder: Potential synergies with twelve-step programs.", "normalized_title": "classic psychedelics in the treatment of substance use disorder potential synergies with twelve step programs", "authors": "Yaden DB, Berghella AP, Regier PS, Garcia-Romeu A, Johnson MW, Hendricks PS.", "abstract": "Several pilot studies have provided evidence supporting the potential of classic psychedelics like psilocybin in the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs). If larger trials confirm efficacy, classic psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy may eventually be integrated into existing addiction treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy, contingency management, and medication-assisted therapies. Many individuals seeking treatment for SUDs also join twelve-step facilitation (TSF) programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), which are among the most widely available and accessed treatments for alcohol use disorder worldwide. For such individuals, engaging in classic psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy could be seen as controversial, as members of AA/TSF programs have historically rejected medication-assisted treatments in favor of a pharmacotherapy-free approach. We argue that classic psychedelics and the subjective experiences they elicit may represent a special, more compatible case than conventional medications. In support of this claim, we describe Bill Wilson's (the founder of AA) little known experiences with psychedelics and on this basis, we argue that aspects of classic psychedelic treatments could complement AA/TSF programs. We provide a review of clinical trials evaluating psychedelics in the context of SUDs and discuss their potential large-scale impact should they be ultimately integrated into AA/TSF.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-07-26", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103380", "pubmed_id": "34329952", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103380", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34329952\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1879, "title": "Systematized Review of Psychotherapeutic Components of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy.", "normalized_title": "systematized review of psychotherapeutic components of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Horton DM, Morrison B, Schmidt J.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThis systematized review sought to fill a gap in psilocybin research by investigating the structure and format of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), with a focus on the counseling components of the treatment.MethodsA systematized review of PAP was conducted by using the PubMed and PsycInfo databases to search for peer-reviewed studies of human clinical trials, published within the past 25 years, in which psilocybin was administered with psychological support in a clinical setting.ResultsEleven articles matched the criteria necessary for inclusion in this review. PAP was found to consist of three stages: pretreatment sessions to prepare participants for psilocybin, treatment sessions in which psilocybin was administered, and posttreatment sessions to integrate the experience with daily life. Conventional psychotherapy was primarily seen in the pre- and posttreatment sessions. Psychotherapies included in PAP differed among studies, but most often included music therapy and a nondirective supportive approach to treatment.ConclusionsThis systematized review found important commonalities among clinical trials of PAP published within the past 25 years and revealed key differences among studies in psychotherapy's incorporation into PAP. Additional research is needed to identify the unique effect of psychotherapy in PAP.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-07-22", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20200055", "pubmed_id": "34293927", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20200055", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Psychotropic Drugs, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34293927\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3481, "title": "A Randomised, Placebo Controlled Trial of Psilocybin in Treatment Resistant Depression: A Feasibility Study", "normalized_title": "a randomised placebo controlled trial of psilocybin in treatment resistant depression a feasibility study", "authors": "King's College London", "abstract": "A single centre clinical trial to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of psilocybin, given under supportive conditions, in a randomised, blinded design in adult participants with treatment resistant major depressive disorder. The primary objective is to evaluate feasibility by measuring recruitment rates, dropout rates and by estimating the variance of the primary outcome measure (MADRS).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-07-21", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04959253", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin assisted therapy, Placebo assisted therapy, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04959253\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3786, "title": "Psychedelic Assisted Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: A Review", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy for major depressive disorder a review", "authors": "McCartney A, McGovern H, De Foe A.", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances such as psilocybin and ketamine may represent the future of antidepressant treatment, due to their rapid and prolonged effects on mood and cognition. The current body of psychedelic research has focused on administration and treatment within a psychiatric context. Here, instead, we put to the test the contention that it is necessary to evaluate the current state of this literature from a broader biopsychosocial perspective. Examining these arguably neglected social and psychological aspects of psychedelic treatment can provide a more holistic understanding of the interplay between the interconnected domains. This review of six major clinical trials applies a biopsychosocial model to evaluate the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and ketamine assisted therapy. We conclude that combination psychedelic treatment and psychotherapy facilitate more enduring and profound antidepressant effects than produced by ketamine or psilocybin alone. Emphasising the advantages of therapeutic intervention will encourage those who may attempt to self-medicate with psychedelics to instead seek a framework of psychological support, minimising associated risks of unregulated use.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-06-26", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/9kuhs", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/9kuhs", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:22", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR363034\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3336, "title": "Psychedelic Assisted Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: A Review", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy for major depressive disorder a review", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances such as psilocybin and ketamine may represent the future of antidepressant treatment, due to their rapid and prolonged effects on mood and cognition. The current body of psychedelic research has focused on administration and treatment within a psychiatric context. Here, instead, we put to the test the contention that it is necessary to evaluate the current state of this literature from a broader biopsychosocial perspective. Examining these arguably neglected social and psychological aspects of psychedelic treatment can provide a more holistic understanding of the interplay between the interconnected domains. This review of six major clinical trials applies a biopsychosocial model to evaluate the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and ketamine assisted therapy. We conclude that combination psychedelic treatment and psychotherapy facilitate more enduring and profound antidepressant effects than produced by ketamine or psilocybin alone. Emphasising the advantages of therapeutic intervention will encourage those who may attempt to self-medicate with psychedelics to instead seek a framework of psychological support, minimising associated risks of unregulated use.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-06-26", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/9kuhs_v1", "keywords": "depression, ketamine, major depressive disorder, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychotherapy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Intervention Research, Mental Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Therapy, Psychotherapy, Psychopharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"9kuhs_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3400, "title": "Psychedelic resting-state neuroimaging: a review and perspective on balancing replication and novel analyses", "normalized_title": "psychedelic resting state neuroimaging a review and perspective on balancing replication and novel analyses", "authors": "McCulloch DE, Knudsen GM, Barrett FS, Doss M, Deco G, Carhart-Harris R, Rosas F, Preller K, Ramaekers J, Mason N, Müller F, Fisher PM.", "abstract": "Clinical research into serotonergic psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, LSD and N,N-DMT (e.g., in ‘ayahuasca’) is expanding rapidly and clinical trials across a range of psychiatric conditions have shown promising efficacy, with larger trials ongoing. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has emerged as a brain imaging strategy commonly used to identify associated neural mechanisms in both clinical and healthy populations. To date, 42 research articles have been published analysing resting-state fMRI data from 17 unique datasets involving the administration of a psychedelic drug. This provides a promising foundation for resolving imaging markers of the perceptual and clinical effects of psychedelics. Here we review the existing psychedelic resting-state fMRI literature through a lens that brings attention to emerging variation in core methodological decisions and promote strategies that aim to strengthen the field. We find a large degree of heterogeneity across the existing literature, with nearly all studies varying in data processing and analysis or drug evaluated. Two datasets are the foundation of more than half of the published literature, and terms such as “entropy” are often used to denote distinct metrics across studies. In light of these observations, we offer suggestions for future studies that we hope encourages coherence in the field. As a budding field of interest, psychedelic resting-state imaging will benefit from the development of novel models, hypotheses and quantification methods that may expand our understanding of the neural mechanisms mediating the intriguing acute perceptual and lasting clinical effects. Our review of the existing literature suggests that the psychedelic resting-state brain imaging field is at a crossroads at which it must also consider the critical importance of consistency and replicability to effectively converge on stable representations of the neural effects of psychedelics.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-06-09", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/64kyg", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/64kyg", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR355494\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1743, "title": "Psychedelic resting-state neuroimaging: a review and perspective on balancing replication and novel analyses", "normalized_title": "psychedelic resting state neuroimaging a review and perspective on balancing replication and novel analyses", "authors": "", "abstract": "Clinical research into serotonergic psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, LSD and N,N-DMT (e.g., in ‘ayahuasca’) is expanding rapidly and clinical trials across a range of psychiatric conditions have shown promising efficacy, with larger trials ongoing. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has emerged as a brain imaging strategy commonly used to identify associated neural mechanisms in both clinical and healthy populations. To date, 42 research articles have been published analysing resting-state fMRI data from 17 unique datasets involving the administration of a psychedelic drug. This provides a promising foundation for resolving imaging markers of the perceptual and clinical effects of psychedelics. Here we review the existing psychedelic resting-state fMRI literature through a lens that brings attention to emerging variation in core methodological decisions and promote strategies that aim to strengthen the field. We find a large degree of heterogeneity across the existing literature, with nearly all studies varying in data processing and analysis or drug evaluated. Two datasets are the foundation of more than half of the published literature, and terms such as “entropy” are often used to denote distinct metrics across studies. In light of these observations, we offer suggestions for future studies that we hope encourages coherence in the field. As a budding field of interest, psychedelic resting-state imaging will benefit from the development of novel models, hypotheses and quantification methods that may expand our understanding of the neural mechanisms mediating the intriguing acute perceptual and lasting clinical effects. Our review of the existing literature suggests that the psychedelic resting-state brain imaging field is at a crossroads at which it must also consider the critical importance of consistency and replicability to effectively converge on stable representations of the neural effects of psychedelics.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-06-09", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/64kyg_v1", "keywords": "ayahuasca, DMT, entropy, fMRI, LSD, neuroimaging, neuroscience, psilocybin, psychedelic, replication, resting-state, review, Neuroscience, Computational Neuroscience, Systems Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"64kyg_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1901, "title": "Ethnoracial health disparities and the ethnopsychopharmacology of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapies.", "normalized_title": "ethnoracial health disparities and the ethnopsychopharmacology of psychedelic assisted psychotherapies", "authors": "Fogg C, Michaels TI, de la Salle S, Jahn ZW, Williams MT.", "abstract": "Emerging evidence from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials suggests psychedelic compounds such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), when administered as an adjunct to psychotherapy, that is, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), may be beneficial for treating substance use disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions. Previous ethnopsychopharmacological research has identified ethnoracial differences in the metabolism, safety, and efficacy of psychotropic drugs, yet no studies have directly investigated the impact of ethnoracially based differences in psychedelic drug pharmacology. Although there is an extensive global history of psychedelic use among peoples of various cultures, ethnicities, and intersectional identities, psychedelic research has been conducted almost exclusively on White populations in North America and Western Europe. The failure to include Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) in psychedelic research trials neglects the ethnic, racial, and cultural factors that may impact individual responses to PAP and thereby prevents generalizability of findings. This article investigates the impact of biological and social factors related to culture, ethnicity, and race on pharmacological responses to PAP, as well as clinical outcomes. The limitations of ethnopsychopharmacology are discussed, and the authors present expected cultural, clinical, and public health benefits of expanding funding for this area. This work will draw attention to the unique and individualized needs of ethnoracially diverse clients in therapeutic settings and is intended to inform future PAP trials. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).", "journal": "Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-06-06", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1037/pha0000490", "pubmed_id": "34096755", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000490", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34096755\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3171546624\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3171546624\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":53,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003338744\",\"display_name\":\"Colleen Fogg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2084-1798\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059769528\",\"display_name\":\"Timothy I. Michaels\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-6860\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050030727\",\"display_name\":\"Sara de la Salle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-5938\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089183813\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe W. Jahn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065680812\",\"display_name\":\"Monnica T. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-3277\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S357931\",\"source_display_name\":\"Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000490\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3171546624" }, { "id": 3385, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, or Substance Use Disorders", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted psychotherapy for post traumatic stress disorder anxiety disorders mood disorders or substance use disorders", "authors": "Chao YS, Horton J.", "abstract": "Hallucinogens include many different drugs, which are often called “psychedelic” drugs. The US National Institute on Drug Abuse categorizes these drugs into 2 categories: classic hallucinogens and dissociative drugs. Both types of psychedelics can lead to hallucinations - sensations and images that seem real although they are imaginary. In addition, an individual using dissociative drugs can feel out of control or disconnected from their body and environment. Classic serotonergic psychedelics act primarily by a complete or partial agonist action on brain serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptors. Examples of classic psychedelics are LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, and ayahuasca (also identified as N,N- dimethyltryptamine [DMT]). Examples of dissociative drugs are phencyclidine, ketamine, dextromethorphan, and Salvia (Salvia divinorum). Psychedelics were tested for clinical use prior to the 1960s. However, methodological issues in clinical trials and political concerns have prevented the use of psychedelics in mainstream medicine. In 2010, it was reported that psychedelics were used by more than 30 million consumers in the US. Clinically, researchers acknowledge psychedelics as a potential effective drug for mental health conditions. Researchers and clinicians are testing the clinical effectiveness of psychedelics for mental illness treatment due to the improvement in research methods that reduce ethical and methodological concerns toward psychedelic trials. The wider application of psychedelics has also been motivated by a perceived lack of innovation in mental illness treatment. The number of new molecular entities for psychiatric conditions approved by the US FDA decreased from 13 in 1996 to 1 in 2016. One example of the psychedelics adopted for treatment is ketamine (not used in combination with psychotherapies) that has been used for the treatment of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as reviewed in 2 CADTH reports. Other psychedelics, such as psilocybin and ayahuasca are increasingly being tested for their efficacy in treating mental illnesses. In addition to their use as stand-alone agents, psychedelics can be used in combination with psychotherapy (i.e., psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy). There are a wide variety of psychotherapies that may be used for the treatment of mental health conditions, including guided support that helps patients focus inward on their thoughts and better facilitate participant introspection and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) that combines different types of cognitive therapy and behavioural therapy. Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is often led by licensed professionals with training in administering psychedelics and monitoring their use. Psychedelics may work by altering a patient’s consciousness. They may also affect a patient’s subjective perspectives and approaches to processing thoughts, emotions, and behaviours, thereby providing an alternative therapeutic experience to psychotherapy alone. While psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has been recently tried in patients with anxiety, depression, substance use disorder, and PTSD, some researchers consider the treatment response to be unsatisfactory in patients with mood disorder. This report aims to summarize the clinical effectiveness and safety of psychedelic drug-assisted psychotherapy for PTSD, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, or substance use disorders, in addition to clinical guidelines for the use of psychedelic drug-assisted psychotherapy.", "journal": "Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa (ON)", "publication_date": "2021-05-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "36170470", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36170470", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36170470\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa (ON)\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3230, "title": "Decreased brain modularity after psilocybin therapy for depression.", "normalized_title": "decreased brain modularity after psilocybin therapy for depression", "authors": "Daws R, Timmerman C, Giribaldi B, Sexton J, Wall M, Erritzoe D, Roseman L, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Abstract Importance Psilocybin therapy shows antidepressant potential; our data link its antidepressant effects to decreased brain network modularity post-treatment. Objective To assess the sub-acute impact of psilocybin on brain activity in patients with depression. Design Pre vs post-treatment resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) was recorded in two trials: 1) Open-label treatment-resistant depression (TRD) trial with baseline vs 1 day post-treatment fMRI (April-2015 to April-2016); 2) Two-arm double-blind RCT in major depressive disorder (MDD), fMRI baseline vs 3 week after psilocybin-therapy or 6 weeks of daily escitalopram (January-2019 to March-2020). Setting Study visits occurred at the NIHR Imperial Clinical Research Facility.Participants Adult male and female patients with TRD or MDD. Intervention(s) (for clinical trials) or Exposure(s) (for observational studies)Study 1: Two oral doses of psilocybin (10mg and 25mg, fixed order, 7 days apart). fMRI was recorded at baseline and one day after the 25mg dose. Study 2: either: 2 x 25mg oral psilocybin, 3 weeks apart, plus 6 weeks of daily placebo (‘psilocybin-arm’), or 2 x 1mg oral psilocybin, 3 weeks apart, plus 6 weeks of daily escitalopram [10-20mg] (‘escitalopram-arm’). fMRI was recorded at baseline and 3 weeks after the 2nd psilocybin dose, which was the final day of the 6-week daily capsule ingestion. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s) Beck Depression Inventory and fMRI network modularity. Results Study 1: In 16 adults (mean age [SD], 42.8 [10.1] years, 4 [25%] female), psilocybin therapy was associated with markedly decreased BDI scores at 1 week (mean difference, -21; 95% CI=[-27.3, -14.7], P", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2021-05-19", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-513323/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-513323/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR344499\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3420, "title": "Future Directions for Clinical Psilocybin Research: The Relaxed Symptom Network", "normalized_title": "future directions for clinical psilocybin research the relaxed symptom network", "authors": "", "abstract": "Objective: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that psilocybin may have strong antidepressant effects, and may be effective in the treatment of depressive disorders when embedded in a psychotherapeutic protocol (psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy; PAP). However, despite promising results, the mechanism(s) that may be responsible for the antidepressant effects of PAP remain contested. Within this article, it is argued that the ‘Network Theory of Mental Disorders’ may be a useful tool for clinical research with psilocybin, and may help elucidate the antidepressant elements of PAP. Method: The clinical research using PAP for depressive disorders is briefly summarised, as are the potential mechanisms of PAP. In addition to this, the fundamental tenets of the network theory is presented, with particular reference to depression. In brief, the network theory proposes that depression is an emergent phenomenon, due to strong interactions in a complex dynamic symptom network. Results: A model of action based on a symptom network is proposed. It is hypothesised that, if PAP is successful, the connections between symptoms in a network will weaken, thereby rendering the patient less vulnerable to developing/relapsing into depression. It is argued that the application of the network theory may ultimately improve responsiveness and reduce relapse in PAP. Practical guidance in using the network theory for future clinical research with psilocybin is also provided. Conclusion: This article presents the primary hypothesis of the authors (The Relaxed Symptom Network), and intends to inform future researchers on how to integrate the network theory with future clinical studies using PAP.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-05-18", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1037/pne0000290", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/q3ymd_v1", "keywords": "Depression, Network Theory, Psychedelics, Psychopathology, Psychotherapy, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:24", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"q3ymd_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281568156\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281568156\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993518153\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006931708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017360110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024610682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053011811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056944867\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064794182\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098956244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108514834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111974633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127514208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140530754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145371763\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152690559\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2258008046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2269331520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285271602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2323994370\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2414588418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2469879789\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519546524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559883979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582550385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2584391386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2601774270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741732950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768795110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784201937\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793403693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892307734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894541203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923522810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2963120510\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965796360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967775628\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136469907\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154528253\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3172805875\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177516331\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225598392\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029712264\",\"display_name\":\"Evan Lewis-Healey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5914-5277\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066145746\",\"display_name\":\"Ruben Laukkonen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8848-9231\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004497618\",\"display_name\":\"Michiel van Elk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-3551\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S6813574\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychology & Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1037/pne0000290\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4281568156" }, { "id": 3247, "title": "Future Directions for Clinical Psilocybin Research: The Relaxed Symptom Network", "normalized_title": "future directions for clinical psilocybin research the relaxed symptom network", "authors": "Lewis-Healey E, Laukkonen RE, van Elk M.", "abstract": "Objective: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that psilocybin may have strong antidepressant effects, and may be effective in the treatment of depressive disorders when embedded in a psychotherapeutic protocol (psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy; PAP). However, despite promising results, the mechanism(s) that may be responsible for the antidepressant effects of PAP remain contested. Within this article, it is argued that the ‘Network Theory of Mental Disorders’ may be a useful tool for clinical research with psilocybin, and may help elucidate the antidepressant elements of PAP. Method: The clinical research using PAP for depressive disorders is briefly summarised, as are the potential mechanisms of PAP. In addition to this, the fundamental tenets of the network theory is presented, with particular reference to depression. In brief, the network theory proposes that depression is an emergent phenomenon, due to strong interactions in a complex dynamic symptom network. Results: A model of action based on a symptom network is proposed. It is hypothesised that, if PAP is successful, the connections between symptoms in a network will weaken, thereby rendering the patient less vulnerable to developing/relapsing into depression. It is argued that the application of the network theory may ultimately improve responsiveness and reduce relapse in PAP. Practical guidance in using the network theory for future clinical research with psilocybin is also provided. Conclusion: This article presents the primary hypothesis of the authors (The Relaxed Symptom Network), and intends to inform future researchers on how to integrate the network theory with future clinical studies using PAP.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-05-18", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/q3ymd", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/q3ymd", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR344010\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2024, "title": "Effects of the putative antidepressant psilocin on the lipid-raft proteome and lipid-raft signaling", "normalized_title": "effects of the putative antidepressant psilocin on the lipid raft proteome and lipid raft signaling", "authors": "Senese Nicolas, Nguyen Thu, Cologna Stephanie, Rasenick Mark", "abstract": "Serotonergic hallucinogens psilocybin, and its active metabolite psilocin, have shown promise as rapid-acting antidepressants. The FDA granted breakthrough therapy designation for psilocybin's use as an antidepressant in 2019, and phase II clinical trials are currently ongoing. Psilocybin is converted to psilocin following oral administration, and this metabolite is the primary active compound found in the central nervous system. As such, it is critically important to understand the cellular and molecular processes contributing to psilocin's antidepressant action, as well as the similarities and differences between the cellular effects of psilocin and those of more traditional antidepressants. Both traditional and rapid-acting antidepressants cause translocation of Gα s from lipid-rafts to non-raft membranes. The sequelae of this translocation event include increased overall Gα s activity, leading to increased cellular cAMP. Antidepressants also accumulate in lipid-raft membranes, even in cellular models lacking the presumed binding target for these drugs. The lipid-raft binding target(s) are currently unknown, and the processes which contribute to Gα s translocation have not been fully elucidated. In this study we utilize a proteomic approach in a cellular model to investigate psilocin's effects on both the lipid-raft and non-raft proteome. We expect that additional proteins besides Gα s exhibit raft to non-raft translocation following antidepressant treatment. Proteins exhibiting this translocation pattern may represent as-of-yet unrecognized contributors to antidepressant efficacy, or may serve as antidepressant biomarkers. We also measure signaling downstream of Gα s and Gα q in intact cells, as well as purified lipid-raft membranes, using modified cAMP (AlphaScreen, cADDis) and inositol monophosphate (IP-One) detection assays. We hypothesize that both psilocin and desipramine attenuate lipid-raft Gα s (but notGα q ) downstream signaling due to the loss of Gα s fromthese membranes. Membranes treated with psilocin or the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine are compared in order to identify candidate proteins that may be generally affected following antidepressant treatment. Both drugs cause raft to non-raft translocation of hundreds of proteins. Several of these translocated proteins are common to both drug treatments, and we expect to identify novel contributors to the antidepressant response from this subset of proteins. In particular, observed effects on specific integrins, G-proteins, and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways will be followed up with more in-depth analyses in future studies. We also show that antidepressant treatments reduce lipid-raft Gα s signaling, while simultaneously increasing whole cell Gα s signaling. This effect can persist for over 24 hr after drug withdrawal. These results represent one of the first direct measurements of lipid-raft signaling following antidepressant treatment, and may provide a more complete understanding of both antidepressant action, and the molecular mechanisms by which hallucinogens achieve antidepressant efficacy.", "journal": "The FASEB Journal", "publication_date": "2021-04-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.03168", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.03168", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Crossref", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"doi\":\"10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.03168\",\"reference_dois\":[],\"reference_count\":0,\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3168028697\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3168028697\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059272628\",\"display_name\":\"Nicolas B. Senese\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036293758\",\"display_name\":\"Thu T. A. Nguyen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8617-3305\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082245282\",\"display_name\":\"Stephanie M. Cologna\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3541-3361\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026181487\",\"display_name\":\"Mark M. Rasenick\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2405-4364\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S25293849\",\"source_display_name\":\"The FASEB Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.03168\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Proteomics", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3168028697" }, { "id": 3487, "title": "Characterization of Altered Waking States of Consciousness in Healthy Humans", "normalized_title": "characterization of altered waking states of consciousness in healthy humans", "authors": "University of Zurich", "abstract": "Altered waking states of consciousness and its underlying functional organization have gained increasing interest in recent years, i.e. in identifying the neural basis of consciousness. To overcome fundamental shortcomings of current methods to objectively assess the level of consciousness, the investigators propose here to apply a novel and empirically validated measure called 'perturbational complexity index' (PCI) based on the integrated information theory (IIT). This involves a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and highdensity electroencephalography (hd-EEG) to measure electrocortical responses as distributed cerebral interactions ('integration') and spatiotemporal pattern ('information'). Given the finding of subjectively expanded consciousness as induced here by psilocybin, the investigators hypothesize that the PCI may be higher in such states. This will be the first TMS/hd-EEG study to investigate quantitatively the level of consciousness in a pharmacologically altered waking state of consciousness. In this study the investigators will apply navigated TMS/high-density(hd)-EEG to directly stimulate defined cortical areas and investigate quantitatively the level of consciousness in psilocybin-induced altered brain states. For this purpose, PCI is the primary outcome in psilocybin versus placebo condition. Given the findings and the subjective feeling of an 'expanded' consciousness in such states, the investigators primarily hypothesize that psilocybin will induce a higher PCI as compared to placebo in TMS/hd-EEG measurements over all targeted cortical areas in the acute phase of treatment (80 minutes after substance intake). Measurements will be done over the premotor cortex (Brodmann-Areal BA06), the midline sensorimotor cortex (BA04) and the superior occipital gyrus/cuneus (BA19) and may be related to the experience of an altered sense of self, e.g. measures of selflessness and egodissolution. This study further seeks to characterize the effects of psilocybin compared to placebo on resting state EEG. To this aim, the current source density and the lagged phase synchronization of neuronal oscillations across distributed brain regions will be computed and correlated to reproduce interesting results in a recent work of Kometer and colleagues. More specifically, psilocybin decreased the current source density of neuronal oscillations within a neural network comprising the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices and parahippocampal regions. Even more, psilocybin-induced insightfulness and spiritual experience correlated with the lagged phase synchronization of delta oscillations between the retrosplenial cortex, the parahippocampus and the lateral orbitofrontal area, showing evidence for a direct association of spatiotemporal neuronal mechanism with enhanced insight into life and existence. The investigators therefore hypothesize that current source density of neuronal oscillations within the cingulate cortices and the parahippocampal regions (1.5-20 Hz) will be decreased and the lagged-phase synchronization of delta oscillations (1.5-4 Hz) between the retrosplenial cortex, the parahippocampus and the lateral orbitofrontal area will be correlated to insightfulness. Additionally, psychometric assessment of the sense of self, of perceptual alterations and of mood will be conducted before and after each TMS session (Hood's Mysticism-Scale; 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale; Positive and Negative Affect Schedule). the investigators expect to find a relationship between substance induced changes in perception and mood as indexed by these questionnaires. Furthermore, the investigators will be conducting a probabilistic learning task (emotLearn) to examine the computational processes behind the interaction between reward learning and subconscious versus conscious emotional processing to estimate how emotional stimuli affect the learning rate in psilocybin compared to placebo condition. The investigators hypothesize that psilocybin decreases the conscious and subconscious learning rate by attenuating the processing of emotional cues. The study design will be randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled with one-time application of a single dose for each substance (moderate psilocybin dose of 20mg versus mannitol), within-subject and single center at the Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zurich. The number of participants is 25 healthy subjects as determined by power analysis. Inclusion criteria are healthy male or female volunteers aged 18-40 years. Exclusion criteria are personal and family history of major psychiatric disease (e.g. major depression, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder) as defined in the DSM-V, any major medical condition (e.g. neurologic, cardiovascular, metabolic disease), family history of seizure disorder, current psychopharmacological treatment or pregnant respectively breastfeeding women. The study comprises a total of 3 visits in 3 weeks - 1 screening visit and 2 investigational visits and a written follow-up 12 weeks after the last investigational visit per participant. On the investigational visits participants will receive placebo or psilocybin in a randomized and counterbalanced order. The screening visit consists of a psychiatric assessment, physical examination, routine lab/toxicology, electrocardiogram (ECG), EEG and cranial T1 weighted magnetic resonance tomography (MRT). Study duration will be 2-3 years. The research project was approved by the local ethics committee (KEK Zurich) in December 2018 as \"Other clinical trial\" as specified in the \"Ordinance on Clinical Trials in Human Research\" (KlinV, Chapter 2) without health-related intervention or investigational Medical Product (IMP) \\[25\\], Category B.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-04-28", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03853577", "keywords": "Altered Waking States of Consciousness in Healthy Humans, TMS/EEG, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03853577\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2164, "title": "Psilocybin: From Serendipity to Credibility?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin from serendipity to credibility", "authors": "Rucker JJ, Young AH.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has a long history of non-medical use and some seem to infer from this that it has therapeutic utility. Early phase clinical trials with psilocybin are encouraging, but suggest only that larger, multicentre trials are required. These are ongoing but will take many years to complete. Meanwhile, retreat centers offering paid experiences with psilocybin truffles have opened in some countries, often using early phase clinical trial data as a basis for bold, public facing claims. This seems unwise. Early phase trials are not designed for their results to be generalized outside the setting they were undertaken in. To do so risks being misleading. Providing what may be seen as an unregulated drug intervention as a paid service is difficult to reconcile with long-held ethical principles underpinning human research and treatment development that were laid down by the 1947 Nuremberg Code and the 1962 Kefauver Harris Amendments. By using psilocybin before it has been properly tested, retreat centers may be undermining their own credibility and the credibility of the wider field.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-04-20", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.659044", "pubmed_id": "33967860", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.659044", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33967860\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3154999065\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3154999065\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":40,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1971564036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050365988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117522474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163445917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2314085810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2497721881\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.659044\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Aging,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3154999065" }, { "id": 5105, "title": "Have Norwegians tried psilocybin, and do they accept it as a medicine?", "normalized_title": "have norwegians tried psilocybin and do they accept it as a medicine", "authors": "Henrik Børsting Jacobsen, Audun Stubhaug, Bjørn Holmøy, Tor Morten Kvam, Silje Endresen Rème", "abstract": "Abstract Background Psilocybin is emerging as a promising therapeutic agent for a wide range of psychiatric conditions, and clinical trials on psilocybin-assisted treatment are forthcoming in Scandinavian countries. However, little is known about attitudes towards this psychedelic compound among the general public in Nordic countries. This might represent a confound, and reduce the validity of research findings or the overall feasibility of conducting high-quality clinical trials. Aims The main objective of this study is to address the knowledge gap surrounding use and attitudes towards psilocybin in Norway. Methods We asked a representative sample of the Norwegian population ( N = 1,078) if they have ever tried psilocybin and if they would be willing to do so as part of medical treatment. These questions were part of a larger online survey on a variety personal preferences and attitudes, and the survey was not presented as a study on psilocybin. Results Of the 1,078 respondents, 8% reported previous psilocybin use and 51% were willing to try psilocybin in medical treatment. Conclusions Psilocybin use is more common in Norway than the authors hypothesized, and the general public is relatively open to using psilocybin in a medical context. The latter is interpreted as promising with regards to the feasibility of conducting rigorous clinical trials on potential effects and side effects of psilocybin-assisted treatment in Norway.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2021-04-15", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2021.00167", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2021.00167", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Context (archaeology), Norwegian, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Geography, Pathology, Linguistics, Philosophy, Archaeology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3152965122\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3152965122\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":10,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137860358\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899405464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2968963159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999340138\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129763680\",\"https://openalex.org/W6785124655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045618254\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Børsting Jacobsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-0003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091893144\",\"display_name\":\"Audun Stubhaug\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0606-8001\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022722986\",\"display_name\":\"Bjørn Holmøy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2166-1760\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012523342\",\"display_name\":\"Tor Morten Kvam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072432840\",\"display_name\":\"Silje Endresen Rème\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5870-4906\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2021.00167\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3152965122" }, { "id": 3255, "title": "Evaluating the Risk of Psilocybin for the Treatment of Bipolar Depression: A Review of the Research Literature and Published Case Studies", "normalized_title": "evaluating the risk of psilocybin for the treatment of bipolar depression a review of the research literature and published case studies", "authors": "Gard DE, Pleet MM, Bradley ER, Penn A, Gallenstein ML, Riley LS, DellaCrosse M, Garfinkle E, Michalak EE, Woolley JD.", "abstract": "Growing evidence suggests that psilocybin, the active ingredient in hallucinogenic mushrooms, can rapidly and durably improve symptoms of depression, leading to recent breakthrough status designation by the FDA and legalization for mental health treatment in some jurisdictions. Depression in bipolar disorder is associated with significant morbidity and has few effective treatments. However, there is little available scientific data on the risk of psilocybin use in people with bipolar disorder. Individuals with bipolar disorder have been excluded from modern clinical trials, out of understandable concerns of activating mania or worsening the illness course. As psilocybin becomes more available, people with these disorders will likely seek psilocybin treatment for depression and have likely already been doing so in unregulated settings. Our goal here is to summarize the known risks of psilocybin use (and similar substances) in bipolar disorder and to systematically evaluate examples of published case history data, in order to critically evaluate the relative risk of psilocybin as a treatment for bipolar depression. We found 17 cases suggesting that there is potential risk for activating a manic episode, thereby warranting caution. Nonetheless, the relative lack of systematic data or common case examples indicating risk appears to show that a cautious trial, using modern trial methods focusing on appropriate ‘set’ and ‘setting’, targeted at those lowest at risk for mania in the bipolar spectrum (e.g., bipolar 2 disorder), is very much needed, especially given the degree to which depression impacts this population.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2021-04-06", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1101/2021.04.02.21254838", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.02.21254838", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR308148\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5113, "title": "Psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: What do we know so far?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder what do we know so far", "authors": "Nelson Descalço, Ana Beatriz Medeiros, Cátia Fernandes Santos, Guilherme Borges", "abstract": "Introduction Psilocybin is a naturally occurring plant alkaloid in mushrooms and a prodrug of psilocin. It is a serotonin receptor (5-HT2A) agonist and known psychedelic, with similar hallucinatory properties to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It has been identified as a safe and effective option in treatment-resistant depression. Literature focus mainly on its use on depressive but its interest in other psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has grown. Objectives To review the clinical evidence for the use of hallucinogens such as psilocybin in OCD. Methods Non-systematic review of literature found on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using the keywords “obsessive-compulsive disorder”, “psilocybin” and “hallucinogens”. Articles may include clinical trials, case report or case series. Articles found were admitted according to their relevance for the topic in review; only articles in English were included. Ongoing research trials on this topic were checked on ClinicalTrials.gov. Results So far, only one open-label non-randomized study directly assessed the effects of psilocybin on OCD patients that found acute reductions of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Case reports of patients improving with off-label use of psilocybin are reported. There are two ongoing phase I research trials, aiming to explore the effect of the substance on symptomatology, hypothesizing that psilocybin will normalize cerebral connectivity and thus correlate with clinical improvement. Conclusions More research to establish the usefulness of psilocybin in OCD patients is needed; the collected data is encouraging are there may be a role for its use on this disorder.", "journal": "European Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-03-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1114", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1114", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Obsessive compulsive, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4212954018\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4212954018\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041784838\",\"display_name\":\"Nelson Descalço\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-5768\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064152910\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Beatriz Medeiros\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9401-5611\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017783395\",\"display_name\":\"Cátia Fernandes Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-0123\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027957855\",\"display_name\":\"Guilherme Borges\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-0507\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S87202501\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1114\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4212954018" }, { "id": 5112, "title": "Effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin assisted therapy on treatment resistant depression", "authors": "A. Fraga, Daniel Esteves-Sousa, João Facucho-Oliveira, Margarida Albuquerque, M. Costa, Paulo Santos, Nuno Moura, A. Moutinho", "abstract": "Introduction Major depressive disorder is a highly prevalent clinical condition, affecting more than 300 million individuals worldwide. About 1/3 of patients with MDD fail to achieve remission despite treatment with multiple antidepressants and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Novel antidepressants with rapid and sustained effects on mood and cognition could represent a breakthrough in the TRD and may potentially improve or save lives. Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, more commonly found in the Psilocybe mushrooms has a combined serotonergic and glutamatergic action. The preliminary evidence of antidepressant effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy indicates the potential of psilocybin-assisted therapy as a novel antidepressant intervention. Objectives The authors elaborate a narrative literature review about the effects of Psilocybin-based therapy on patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. Methods PubMed database searched using the terms “Treatment-Resistant Depression AND Psilocybin” and targeting clinical trials. References of selected articles and review articles were also assessed. Results 2 articles evaluate psilocybin effects in 32 patients with TRD and showed that two doses of psilocybin alongside psychological support significantly reduces depressive symptoms. All patients presented some reduction in symptoms from baseline to one week after the second dose and reproduced immediate and substantial improvements in depression that ultimately could sustain up to 6 months. Conclusions Psilocybin-assisted therapy is a very appealing new possibility in the treatment of depression. However, due to the small populations of the existing trials, future studies are needed to prove this positive association and to fully understand Psilocybin’s mechanisms of actions and effects. Disclosure No significant relationships.", "journal": "European Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-03-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1836", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1836", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Serotonergic, Mood, Obsessive compulsive, Clinical psychology, Major depressive disorder, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Internal medicine, Anxiety, Serotonin, Economics, Macroeconomics, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3212256162\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3212256162\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052285132\",\"display_name\":\"A. Fraga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032989537\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Esteves-Sousa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033862913\",\"display_name\":\"João Facucho-Oliveira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-7915\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027164298\",\"display_name\":\"Margarida Albuquerque\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3668-8444\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"M. Costa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075303101\",\"display_name\":\"Paulo Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-3447\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027654106\",\"display_name\":\"Nuno Moura\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-7791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113724831\",\"display_name\":\"A. Moutinho\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S87202501\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1836\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3212256162" }, { "id": 2165, "title": "Trial of Psilocybin versus Escitalopram for Depression.", "normalized_title": "trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Carhart-Harris R, Giribaldi B, Watts R, Baker-Jones M, Murphy-Beiner A, Murphy R, Martell J, Blemings A, Erritzoe D, Nutt DJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin may have antidepressant properties, but direct comparisons between psilocybin and established treatments for depression are lacking.MethodsIn a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial involving patients with long-standing, moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, we compared psilocybin with escitalopram, a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, over a 6-week period. Patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive two separate doses of 25 mg of psilocybin 3 weeks apart plus 6 weeks of daily placebo (psilocybin group) or two separate doses of 1 mg of psilocybin 3 weeks apart plus 6 weeks of daily oral escitalopram (escitalopram group); all the patients received psychological support. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in the score on the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR-16; scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating greater depression) at week 6. There were 16 secondary outcomes, including QIDS-SR-16 response (defined as a reduction in score of >50%) and QIDS-SR-16 remission (defined as a score of ≤5) at week 6.ResultsA total of 59 patients were enrolled; 30 were assigned to the psilocybin group and 29 to the escitalopram group. The mean scores on the QIDS-SR-16 at baseline were 14.5 in the psilocybin group and 16.4 in the escitalopram group. The mean (±SE) changes in the scores from baseline to week 6 were -8.0±1.0 points in the psilocybin group and -6.0±1.0 in the escitalopram group, for a between-group difference of 2.0 points (95% confidence interval [CI], -5.0 to 0.9) (P = 0.17). A QIDS-SR-16 response occurred in 70% of the patients in the psilocybin group and in 48% of those in the escitalopram group, for a between-group difference of 22 percentage points (95% CI, -3 to 48); QIDS-SR-16 remission occurred in 57% and 28%, respectively, for a between-group difference of 28 percentage points (95% CI, 2 to 54). Other secondary outcomes generally favored psilocybin over escitalopram, but the analyses were not corrected for multiple comparisons. The incidence of adverse events was similar in the trial groups.ConclusionsOn the basis of the change in depression scores on the QIDS-SR-16 at week 6, this trial did not show a significant difference in antidepressant effects between psilocybin and escitalopram in a selected group of patients. Secondary outcomes generally favored psilocybin over escitalopram, but the analyses of these outcomes lacked correction for multiple comparisons. Larger and longer trials are required to compare psilocybin with established antidepressants. (Funded by the Alexander Mosley Charitable Trust and Imperial College London's Centre for Psychedelic Research; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03429075.).", "journal": "New England Journal of Medicine", "publication_date": "2021-03-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1056/nejmoa2032994", "pubmed_id": "33852780", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2032994", "keywords": "Humans, Citalopram, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation, Double-Blind Method, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Self Report, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33852780\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1365,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037317432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067271431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082645015\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169083980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2279122780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3100714436\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211263234\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110662235\",\"display_name\":\"Rosalind Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055877835\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111666675\",\"display_name\":\"Roberta Murphy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048534479\",\"display_name\":\"Allan Blemings\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S62468778\",\"source_display_name\":\"New England Journal of Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2032994\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3156937150" }, { "id": 2147, "title": "Cannabis-induced oceanic boundlessness.", "normalized_title": "cannabis induced oceanic boundlessness", "authors": "Earleywine M, Ueno LF, Mian MN, Altman BR.", "abstract": "BackgroundDespite tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)'s reputation for creating dramatic effects at high doses, empirical work rarely addresses cannabis's impact on subjective responses common to the tryptamine psychedelics. We focused on these effects because they have preceded and covaried with the therapeutic impact of psilocybin in previous work.AimsThe current study examined if self-reported responses to cannabis products might parallel those found in clinical trials of psilocybin administration. We also investigated if measures of demographics and cannabis use might correlate with these responses.MethodsParticipants reported the subjective effect of their highest THC experience using 27 items that assess oceanic boundlessness, a correlate of mystical experiences. They also answered infrequency items and questions on demographics and cannabis consumption.ResultsIn an effort to address concerns about replication, we divided respondents who passed infrequency items into two random samples. Self-reported \"breakthrough\" experiences were significantly greater than zero but significantly lower than those reported in randomized clinical trials of psilocybin (17-19% vs. 59%). Total scores covaried with perceived dosages of THC, but only in one sample. Heavier users of cannabis reported lower scores.ConclusionsSelf-report data suggest that high doses of cannabis can create subjective effects comparable to those identified in trials of psilocybin that precede relief from cancer-related distress, treatment-resistant depression, alcohol problems, and cigarette dependence. Given the disparate mechanisms of action, comparing THC-induced to psilocybin-induced effects might improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying subjective experiences. This work might also support the development of a cannabis-assisted psychotherapy comparable to psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-03-27", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/0269881121997099", "pubmed_id": "33779383", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881121997099", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Self Report, Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists, Dronabinol", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33779383\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3151652679\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3151652679\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":36,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W593791618\",\"https://openalex.org/W1603509204\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966963529\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978737075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008032892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022336627\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030021261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061139168\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061540970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078135084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082153535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085691122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087952727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121535479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122063286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141746953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162445884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2238876402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2286619620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2337912130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340256041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473123625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492473231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585493186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594222852\",\"https://openalex.org/W2603506674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604365947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2618935900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2724805291\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795495768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890221055\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891256775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919176916\",\"https://openalex.org/W2932518772\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964127416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965908387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978988552\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979695050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981280520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981779913\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014579665\",\"https://openalex.org/W3018399375\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088893658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093269897\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113026224\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133510121\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229920826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234523729\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237844050\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090993398\",\"display_name\":\"Mitch Earleywine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-0623\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090782374\",\"display_name\":\"Luna F. Ueno\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7062-5231\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069529785\",\"display_name\":\"Maha N. Mian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7051-7820\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038304952\",\"display_name\":\"Brianna R. Altman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-2939\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881121997099\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Adolescents,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3151652679" }, { "id": 2175, "title": "Hallucinogenic/psychedelic 5HT2A receptor agonists as rapid antidepressant therapeutics: Evidence and mechanisms of action.", "normalized_title": "hallucinogenic psychedelic 5ht2a receptor agonists as rapid antidepressant therapeutics evidence and mechanisms of action", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Hallak JE, Baker G, Dursun S.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent mental health disorders worldwide, and it is associated with a reduced quality of life and enormous costs to health care systems. Available drug treatments show low-to-moderate response in most patients, with almost a third of patients being non-responders (treatment-resistant). Furthermore, most currently available medications need several weeks to achieve therapeutic effects, and the long-term use of these drugs is often associated with significant unwanted side effects and resultant reductions in treatment compliance. Therefore, more effective, safer, and faster-acting antidepressants with enduring effects are needed. Together with ketamine, psychedelics (or classic or serotoninergic hallucinogens) such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and ayahuasca are among the few compounds with recent human evidence of fast-acting antidepressant effects. Several studies in the 1950s to 1970s reported antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of these drugs, which are being confirmed by modern trials (LSD, one trial; psilocybin, five trials; ayahuasca, two trials). The effects of these drugs appear to be produced primarily by their agonism at serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptors, especially the 5-HT2A receptor. Considering the overall burden of MDD and the necessity of new therapeutic options, the promising (but currently limited) evidence of safety and efficacy of psychedelics has encouraged the scientific community to explore more fully their beneficial effects in MDD.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-03-18", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/0269881120986422", "pubmed_id": "33740877", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120986422", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Depressive Disorder, Clinical Trials as Topic, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33740877\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3137933781\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3137933781\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":51,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W184284683\",\"https://openalex.org/W1882482010\",\"https://openalex.org/W1918269093\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993197174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008525776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012834083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021282200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037606383\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050472078\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055277208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105571318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128667819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150663429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163858520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164339448\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2546678366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592469547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2749408017\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801130428\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801279915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801418002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810219073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889790655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892307734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900791190\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943320709\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948924404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974916455\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983486486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992322507\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014803974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023636576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3038388367\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082850425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090852378\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058075680\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael G. dos Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2388-4745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103536998\",\"display_name\":\"Jaime EC Hallak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088403251\",\"display_name\":\"Glen B. Baker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-6486\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089267199\",\"display_name\":\"Serdar Dursun\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9943-851X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120986422\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3137933781" }, { "id": 2168, "title": "Acute and Sustained Reductions in Loss of Meaning and Suicidal Ideation Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Psychiatric and Existential Distress in Life-Threatening Cancer.", "normalized_title": "acute and sustained reductions in loss of meaning and suicidal ideation following psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric and existential distress in life threatening cancer", "authors": "Ross S, Agin-Liebes G, Lo S, Zeifman RJ, Ghazal L, Benville J, Franco Corso S, Bjerre Real C, Guss J, Bossis A, Mennenga SE.", "abstract": "People with advanced cancer are at heightened risk of desire for hastened death (DHD), suicidal ideation (SI), and completed suicide. Loss of Meaning (LoM), a component of demoralization, can be elevated by a cancer diagnosis and predicts DHD and SI in this population. We completed a randomized controlled trial in which psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) produced rapid and sustained improvements in depression, demoralization, and hopelessness in people with cancer. Converging epidemiologic and clinical trial findings suggests a potential antisuicidal effect of this treatment. To probe our hypothesis that PAP relieves SI through its beneficial impacts on depression and demoralization (LoM in particular), we performed secondary analyses assessing within- and between-group differences with regard to LoM and an SI composite score. Among participants with elevated SI at baseline, PAP was associated with within-group reductions in SI that were apparent as early as 8 h and persisted for 6.5 months postdosing. PAP also produced large reductions in LoM from baseline that were apparent 2 weeks after treatment and remained significant and robust at the 6.5 month and 3.2 and 4.5 year follow-ups. Exploratory analyses support our hypothesis and suggest that PAP may be an effective antisuicidal intervention following a cancer diagnosis due to its positive impact on hopelessness and demoralization and its effects on meaning-making in particular. These preliminary results implicate psilocybin treatment as a potentially effective alternative to existing antidepressant medications in patients with cancer that are also suicidal, and warrant further investigation in participants with elevated levels of depression and suicidality.", "journal": "ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science", "publication_date": "2021-03-17", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.1c00020", "pubmed_id": "33860185", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.1c00020", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33860185\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":133,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1521287279\",\"https://openalex.org/W1545099244\",\"https://openalex.org/W1721687418\",\"https://openalex.org/W1862997372\",\"https://openalex.org/W1865092458\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964290581\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973763578\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975850253\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976396510\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990354989\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995057124\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000806079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001490833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007686940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031343230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041805221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043218210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045333532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052159894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061661949\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063210933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066061643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071268470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074535951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079954350\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085019344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086658449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094249471\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095225953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099574711\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118815581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133250764\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137699706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140658729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144215610\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145129925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145839824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154350319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166928505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167585823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2317070629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474274656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616187260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757390367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2758148161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762798648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2787392819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886232664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886961920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2910242363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923554041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935505088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2959106487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971565476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973694044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981779913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996109550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095307948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196369884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216011893\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028101461\",\"display_name\":\"Sharon L. Lo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000949886\",\"display_name\":\"Richard J. Zeifman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-4483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012044626\",\"display_name\":\"Leila Ghazal\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052441153\",\"display_name\":\"Julia Benville\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053891811\",\"display_name\":\"Silvia Franco Corso\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043329296\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Bjerre-Real\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3230-9729\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015516801\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony P. Bossis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210207642\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.1c00020\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3138429576" }, { "id": 2173, "title": "On the Relationship between Classic Psychedelics and Suicidality: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "on the relationship between classic psychedelics and suicidality a systematic review", "authors": "Zeifman RJ, Singhal N, Breslow L, Weissman CR.", "abstract": "Use of classic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin, ayahuasca, and lysergic acid diethylamide) is increasing, and psychedelic therapy is receiving growing attention as a novel mental health intervention. Suicidality remains a potential safety concern associated with classic psychedelics and is, concurrently, a mental health concern that psychedelic therapy may show promise in targeting. Accordingly, further understanding of the relationship between classic psychedelics and suicidality is needed. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the relationship between classic psychedelics (both non-clinical psychedelic use and psychedelic therapy) and suicidality. We identified a total of 64 articles, including 41 articles on the association between non-clinical classic psychedelic use and suicidality and 23 articles on the effects of psychedelic therapy on suicidality. Findings on the association between lifetime classic psychedelic use and suicidality were mixed, with studies finding positive, negative, and no significant association. A small number of reports of suicide and decreased suicidality following non-clinical classic psychedelic use were identified. Several cases of suicide in early psychedelic therapy were identified; however, it was unclear whether this was due to psychedelic therapy itself. In recent psychedelic therapy clinical trials, we found no reports of increased suicidality and preliminary evidence for acute and sustained decreases in suicidality following treatment. We identify some remaining questions and provide suggestions for future research on the association between classic psychedelics and suicidality.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-03-10", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.1c00024", "pubmed_id": "33860173", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.1c00024", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33860173\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3804, "title": "Blinding and Expectancy Confounds in Psychedelic Randomised Controlled Trials", "normalized_title": "blinding and expectancy confounds in psychedelic randomised controlled trials", "authors": "Muthukumaraswamy S, Forsyth A, Lumley T.", "abstract": "There is increasing interest in the potential for psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin, LSD and ketamine to treat a number of mental health disorders. To gain evidence for the therapeutic effectiveness of psychedelics, a number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted using the traditional RCT framework and these trials have generally shown promising results, with large effect sizes reported. However, in this paper we argue that estimation of treatment effect sizes in psychedelic clinical trials are likely over-estimated due to de-blinding of participants and high levels of response expectancy generated by RCT trial contingencies. The degree of over-estimation is at present difficult to estimate. We conduct systematic reviews of psychedelic RCTs and show that currently reported RCTs have failed to measure and report expectancy and malicious de-blinding. In order to overcome these confounds we argue that RCTs should routinely measure de-blinding and expectancy and that careful attention should be paid to the clinical trial design used and the instructions given to participants to allow these confounds to be estimated and removed from effect size estimates. We urge caution in interpreting effect size estimates from extant psychedelic RCTs.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-03-07", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/q2hzm", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/q2hzm", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR322173\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3390, "title": "Blinding and Expectancy Confounds in Psychedelic Randomised Controlled Trials", "normalized_title": "blinding and expectancy confounds in psychedelic randomised controlled trials", "authors": "", "abstract": "There is increasing interest in the potential for psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin, LSD and ketamine to treat a number of mental health disorders. To gain evidence for the therapeutic effectiveness of psychedelics, a number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted using the traditional RCT framework and these trials have generally shown promising results, with large effect sizes reported. However, in this paper we argue that estimation of treatment effect sizes in psychedelic clinical trials are likely over-estimated due to de-blinding of participants and high levels of response expectancy generated by RCT trial contingencies. The degree of over-estimation is at present difficult to estimate. We conduct systematic reviews of psychedelic RCTs and show that currently reported RCTs have failed to measure and report expectancy and malicious de-blinding. In order to overcome these confounds we argue that RCTs should routinely measure de-blinding and expectancy and that careful attention should be paid to the clinical trial design used and the instructions given to participants to allow these confounds to be estimated and removed from effect size estimates. We urge caution in interpreting effect size estimates from extant psychedelic RCTs.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-03-07", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/q2hzm_v1", "keywords": "blinding, expectancy effects, ketamine, LSD, masking, psilocybin, psychedelics, randomised controlled trials, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"q2hzm_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2191, "title": "The Use of Classic Hallucinogens/Psychedelics in a Therapeutic Context: Healthcare Policy Opportunities and Challenges.", "normalized_title": "the use of classic hallucinogens psychedelics in a therapeutic context healthcare policy opportunities and challenges", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Bouso JC, Rocha JM, Rossi GN, Hallak JE.", "abstract": "Psychedelics or serotonergic hallucinogens are a group of substances that share the agonism of serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors as their main mechanism of action. Its main effects include changes in perception, cognitive process, and mood. Despite being used for centuries by different cultures in ritual contexts, these substances have currently aroused the interest of science and industry for their promising antidepressant, anxiolytic, and anti-addictive effects. Considering this evidence, this article aims to explore some of the possible health policy challenges to integrate these therapeutic tools into broad and heterogeneous health systems. As a main benefit, these substances produce rapid and enduring effects with the administration of single or few doses, which could lead to new treatment possibilities for patients with severe mental disorders resistant to the usual medications. The main challenge is associated with the fact that these substances remain scheduled in most countries and are associated with social stigma related to their recreational use (especially LSD and psilocybin). This situation makes it exceedingly difficult to conduct clinical trials, although international conventions allow such research. Ethically, this could be interpreted as a violation of human rights since thousands of people are prevented from having access to possible benefits. Interestingly, ritual ayahuasca use is more acceptable to the public than the use of psilocybin-containing mushrooms or LSD. The controlled, clinical use of LSD and psilocybin seems to be less criticized and is being explored by the industry. Rigorous scientific evidence coupled with industrial interests (LSD and psilocybin), together with respect for traditional uses (ayahuasca) and international conventions, seems to be the best way for these drugs to be integrated into health systems in the next years. Which highlights the need for an urgent dialogue between science, health system, society, and politics.", "journal": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "publication_date": "2021-03-04", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/rmhp.s300656", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33707976\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392135761\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392135761\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109339169\",\"display_name\":\"dos Santos RG\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093996524\",\"display_name\":\"Bouso JC\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093996525\",\"display_name\":\"Rocha JM\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093996526\",\"display_name\":\"Rossi GN\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093996527\",\"display_name\":\"Hallak JE\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401280\",\"source_display_name\":\"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doaj.org/article/66c03aeeb68c42dfa03ec67e4be969a5\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392135761" }, { "id": 2198, "title": "Development and Evaluation of a Therapist Training Program for Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Clinical Research.", "normalized_title": "development and evaluation of a therapist training program for psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression in clinical research", "authors": "Tai SJ, Nielson EM, Lennard-Jones M, Johanna Ajantaival RL, Winzer R, Richards WA, Reinholdt F, Richards BD, Gasser P, Malievskaia E.", "abstract": "Introduction: Psychological support throughout psilocybin therapy is mandated by regulators as an essential part of ensuring participants' physical and psychological safety. There is an increased need for specially trained therapists who can provide high-quality care to participants in clinical studies. This paper describes the development and practical implementation of a therapist training program of psychological support within a current phase IIb international, multicenter, randomized controlled study of psilocybin therapy for people experiencing treatment-resistant depression. Description of Training Program: This new and manualized approach, based on current evidence-based psychotherapeutic approaches, was developed in partnership with different mental health researchers, practitioners, and experts; and has been approved by the FDA. Training consists of four components: an online learning platform; in-person training; applied clinical training; and ongoing individual mentoring and participation in webinars.This paper provides a brief overview of the method of support, the rationale and methodology of the training program, and describes each stage of training. The design and implementation of fidelity procedures are also outlined. Lessons Learned: As part of the phase IIb study of psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression, 65 health care professionals have been fully trained as therapists and assisting therapists, across the US, Canada and Europe. Therapists provided informal feedback on the training program. Feedback indicates that the didactic and experiential interactive learning, delivered through a combination of online and in-person teaching, helped therapists build conceptual understanding and skill development in the therapeutic approach. Clinical training and engagement in participant care, under the guidance of experienced therapists, were considered the most beneficial and challenging aspects of the training. Conclusions: Clinical training for therapists is essential for ensuring consistently high-quality psilocybin therapy. Development of a rigorous, effective and scalable training methodology has been possible through a process of early, active and ongoing collaborations between mental health experts. To maximize impact and meet phase III and post-approval need, enhanced online learning and establishing pathways for clinical training are identified as critical points for quality assurance. This will require close public, academic and industry collaboration.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-02-02", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.586682", "pubmed_id": "33643087", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.586682", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33643087\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":87,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W570309327\",\"https://openalex.org/W1514273299\",\"https://openalex.org/W1565826239\",\"https://openalex.org/W1644715232\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989747464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018631585\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028190754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053775719\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135176444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150839665\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152160545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169631639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895740693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321383869\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003939496\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Tai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-5796\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087298757\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth M. Nielson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-4558\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033335673\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Lennard-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075703225\",\"display_name\":\"Riikka-Liisa Johanna Ajantaival\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002735246\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel I. Winzer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039889194\",\"display_name\":\"William A. Richards\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-9249\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082252502\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick Reinholdt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034785335\",\"display_name\":\"Brian D. Richards\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046150668\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Gasser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.586682\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3127909847" }, { "id": 5126, "title": "Behandeling met psilocybine", "normalized_title": "behandeling met psilocybine", "authors": "Joost J. Breeksema, Martijn H B Koolen, Metten Somers, Robert A. Schoevers", "abstract": "After a cessation of almost 40 years, there is renewed interest into therapeutic applicationsof the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin for the treatment of patients with various psychiatric disorders. PubMed was searched for clinical trials into \"psilocybin\" between 2000 and 2020, complemented by handsearching. Articles were also screened for explanatory models and working mechanisms. Psilocybin has been studied in 9 clinical trials: for the treatment of substance use disorders, depression, end-of-life anxiety, demoralization, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Results show that psilocybin is well tolerated, with only limited side-effects, while even patients with treatment-resistant disorders sometimes show marked, long-term improvements after one or a few sessions. Initial results are encouraging, but there are several limitations. More research is needed to determine which patient populations can benefit, what role setting and the placebo response play, and how these novel treatments can be optimized.", "journal": "Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)", "publication_date": "2021-01-20", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/5e83b45d-b208-402a-a435-f0380fad6429", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Placebo, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Obsessive compulsive, Clinical psychology, Alternative medicine, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Pathology, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:00", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3169076037\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3169076037\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090242296\",\"display_name\":\"Joost J. Breeksema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011243177\",\"display_name\":\"Martijn H B Koolen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401843\",\"source_display_name\":\"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/5e83b45d-b208-402a-a435-f0380fad6429\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3169076037" }, { "id": 2203, "title": "[Treatment with psilocybin: applications for patients with psychiatric disorders].", "normalized_title": "treatment with psilocybin applications for patients with psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Breeksema JJ, Koolen MHB, Somers M, Schoevers RA.", "abstract": "After a cessation of almost 40 years, there is renewed interest into therapeutic applicationsof the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin for the treatment of patients with various psychiatric disorders. PubMed was searched for clinical trials into \"psilocybin\" between 2000 and 2020, complemented by handsearching. Articles were also screened for explanatory models and working mechanisms. Psilocybin has been studied in 9 clinical trials: for the treatment of substance use disorders, depression, end-of-life anxiety, demoralization, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Results show that psilocybin is well tolerated, with only limited side-effects, while even patients with treatment-resistant disorders sometimes show marked, long-term improvements after one or a few sessions. Initial results are encouraging, but there are several limitations. More research is needed to determine which patient populations can benefit, what role setting and the placebo response play, and how these novel treatments can be optimized.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2021-01-20", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "33560605", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33560605", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Mental Disorders, Adult, Female, Male, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33560605\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3127548368\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3127548368\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090242296\",\"display_name\":\"Joost J. Breeksema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011243177\",\"display_name\":\"Martijn H B Koolen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33560605\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3127548368" }, { "id": 2148, "title": "Classical Psychedelics as Therapeutics in Psychiatry - Current Clinical Evidence and Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms in Substance Use and Mood Disorders.", "normalized_title": "classical psychedelics as therapeutics in psychiatry current clinical evidence and potential therapeutic mechanisms in substance use and mood disorders", "authors": "Mertens LJ, Preller KH.", "abstract": "Classical psychedelics, primarily psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), have been used and extensively studied in Western medicine as part of substance-assisted psychotherapy in the 1950s and 1960s. Modern clinical research is currently gaining momentum and provides new evidence for the safety and efficacy of classical psychedelics (primarily psilocybin, but also LSD and ayahuasca) in the treatment of different psychiatric conditions, including substance use and mood disorders.In this review article, we outline common pathological mechanisms of substance use disorders (SUD) and unipolar depression. Next, the current literature on the effects of psychedelics is summarized in order to generate hypotheses regarding their potential therapeutic mechanisms of action in treating these psychiatric conditions. Finally, we review and discuss clinical trials published since 2011 investigating the effects of psychedelics in SUD and depression.While results from those modern clinical trials are promising, most of them do not meet the methodological requirements to allow firm conclusions on the clinical efficacy of psychedelics. Larger, blinded, randomized controlled trials (RCT) with clearly defined patient groups and well-defined primary endpoints are needed. Additionally, the therapeutic mechanisms of classical psychedelics are currently unknown. This review presents hypotheses derived from preclinical and human studies that need to be tested in future trials to better understand the clinical potential of psychedelic substances in modern psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-01-19", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1055/a-1341-1907", "pubmed_id": "33472250", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1341-1907", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Mood Disorders, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33472250\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2200, "title": "Classic serotonergic psychedelics for mood and depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of mood disorder patients and healthy participants.", "normalized_title": "classic serotonergic psychedelics for mood and depressive symptoms a meta analysis of mood disorder patients and healthy participants", "authors": "Galvão-Coelho NL, Marx W, Gonzalez M, Sinclair J, de Manincor M, Perkins D, Sarris J.", "abstract": "RationaleMajor depressive disorder is one of the leading global causes of disability, for which the classic serotonergic psychedelics have recently reemerged as a potential therapeutic treatment option.ObjectiveWe present the first meta-analytic review evaluating the clinical effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics vs placebo for mood state and symptoms of depression in both healthy and clinical populations (separately).ResultsOur search revealed 12 eligible studies (n = 257; 124 healthy participants, and 133 patients with mood disorders), with data from randomized controlled trials involving psilocybin (n = 8), lysergic acid diethylamide ([LSD]; n = 3), and ayahuasca (n = 1). The meta-analyses of acute mood outcomes (3 h to 1 day after treatment) for healthy volunteers and patients revealed improvements with moderate significant effect sizes in favor of psychedelics, as well as for the longer-term (16 to 60 days after treatments) mood state of patients. For patients with mood disorder, significant effect sizes were detected on the acute, medium (2-7 days after treatment), and longer-term outcomes favoring psychedelics on the reduction of depressive symptoms.ConclusionDespite the concerns over unblinding and expectancy, the strength of the effect sizes, fast onset, and enduring therapeutic effects of these psychotherapeutic agents encourage further double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials assessing them for management of negative mood and depressive symptoms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-01-10", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-020-05719-1", "pubmed_id": "33427944", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-020-05719-1", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Affect, Mood Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33427944\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5145, "title": "Psilocybin therapy appears as effective as escitalopram, small study finds", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy appears as effective as escitalopram small study finds", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy appears to be at least as effective as escitalopram in treating depression, findings from a small phase II study published in the New England Journal of Medicine have indicated (15 April 2021)​[1]​. Researchers compared two sessions of psychedelic psilocybin therapy, delivered in a specialist clinical setting, with a course of the selective serotonin […]", "journal": "Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1211/pj.2021.1.91592", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2021.1.91592", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:00", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4246962837\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4246962837\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80542161\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2021.1.91592\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4246962837" }, { "id": 2214, "title": "Psychedelics in Psychiatry: Neuroplastic, Immunomodulatory, and Neurotransmitter Mechanisms.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in psychiatry neuroplastic immunomodulatory and neurotransmitter mechanisms", "authors": "Inserra A, De Gregorio D, Gobbi G.", "abstract": "Mounting evidence suggests safety and efficacy of psychedelic compounds as potential novel therapeutics in psychiatry. Ketamine has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in a new class of antidepressants, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is undergoing phase III clinical trials for post-traumatic stress disorder. Psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are being investigated in several phase II and phase I clinical trials. Hence, the concept of psychedelics as therapeutics may be incorporated into modern society. Here, we discuss the main known neurobiological therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelics, which are thought to be mediated by the effects of these compounds on the serotonergic (via 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors) and glutamatergic [via N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors] systems. We focus on 1) neuroplasticity mediated by the modulation of mammalian target of rapamycin-, brain-derived neurotrophic factor-, and early growth response-related pathways; 2) immunomodulation via effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, nuclear factor ĸB, and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1, 6, and 10 production and release; and 3) modulation of serotonergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and norepinephrinergic receptors, transporters, and turnover systems. We discuss arising concerns and ways to assess potential neurobiological changes, dependence, and immunosuppression. Although larger cohorts are required to corroborate preliminary findings, the results obtained so far are promising and represent a critical opportunity for improvement of pharmacotherapies in psychiatry, an area that has seen limited therapeutic advancement in the last 20 years. Studies are underway that are trying to decouple the psychedelic effects from the therapeutic effects of these compounds. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Psychedelic compounds are emerging as potential novel therapeutics in psychiatry. However, understanding of molecular mechanisms mediating improvement remains limited. This paper reviews the available evidence concerning the effects of psychedelic compounds on pathways that modulate neuroplasticity, immunity, and neurotransmitter systems. This work aims to be a reference for psychiatrists who may soon be faced with the possibility of prescribing psychedelic compounds as medications, helping them assess which compound(s) and regimen could be most useful for decreasing specific psychiatric symptoms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1124/pharmrev.120.000056", "pubmed_id": "33328244", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/pharmrev.120.000056", "keywords": "Pituitary-Adrenal System, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Humans, Neurotransmitter Agents, Hallucinogens, Psychiatry, Neuronal Plasticity, United States, Immunomodulation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33328244\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2213, "title": "How ecstasy and psilocybin are shaking up psychiatry.", "normalized_title": "how ecstasy and psilocybin are shaking up psychiatry", "authors": "Tullis P.", "abstract": "", "journal": "Nature", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1038/d41586-021-00187-9", "pubmed_id": "33505033", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00187-9", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Serotonin, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Niacin, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Depression, Efficiency, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Neuronal Plasticity, Certification, Clinical Trials as Topic, Drug Prescriptions, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Rumination, Cognitive, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33505033\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3125143320\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3125143320\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":59,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2030472555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082850425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058740913\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Tullis\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S137773608\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00187-9\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3125143320" }, { "id": 2211, "title": "Psychedelic Medicines in Major Depression: Progress and Future Challenges.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic medicines in major depression progress and future challenges", "authors": "Bouso JC, Ona G, Dos Santos RG, Hallak JEC.", "abstract": "The volume of research on the therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs has been increasing during the last decades. Partly because of the need of innovative treatments in psychiatry, several studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of drugs like psilocybin or ayahuasca for a wide range of mental disorders, including major depression. The first section of this chapter will offer an introduction to psychedelic research, including a brief historical overview and discussions about appropriate terminology. In the second section, the recently published clinical trials in which psychedelic drugs were administered to patients will be analysed in detail. Then, in the third section, the main neurobiological mechanisms of these drugs will be described, noting that while some of these mechanisms could be potentially associated with their therapeutic properties, they are commonly used as adjuvants in psychotherapeutic processes. The last section suggests future challenges for this groundbreaking field of research and therapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_26", "pubmed_id": "33834416", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_26", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psychiatry, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33834416\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2197, "title": "What is the clinical evidence on psilocybin for the treatment of psychiatric disorders? A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "what is the clinical evidence on psilocybin for the treatment of psychiatric disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Castro Santos H, Gama Marques J.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin is a predominant agonist of 5HT1A and 5HT2A/C receptors and was first isolated in 1958, shortly before it became a controlled substance. Research on the potential therapeutic effects of this compound has recently re-emerged alongside what is being addressed as a psychedelic renaissance.MethodsIn this paper we performed a systematic review of the clinical trials conducted so far regarding the therapeutic effects of psilocybin on psychiatric disorders. The eligibility criteria included clinical trials that assessed psilocybin's potential therapeutic effects on patients with psychiatric disorders. Nine hundred seven articles were found and screened in regard to the title, from which 94 were screened through abstract and 9 met the eligibility criteria and were included.ResultsThe papers published focused on 3 disorders: depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and substance use disorder (namely tobacco and alcohol). Psilocybin has shown a relatively safe profile and very promising results, with reductions found on most of the psychiatric rating scales' scores. Research on depression showed the most solid evidence, supported by 3 randomized controlled trials. Studies on OCD and substance use disorder showed more limitations due to their open-label design.ConclusionsAltogether, the results from the studies reviewed in this paper suggest a substantial therapeutic potential. This calls for further research to confirm the results observed so far and further explain the underlying mechanisms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000128", "pubmed_id": "33884324", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000128", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33884324\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1889, "title": "Translating Psychedelic Therapies From Clinical Trials to Community Clinics: Building Bridges and Addressing Potential Challenges Ahead.", "normalized_title": "translating psychedelic therapies from clinical trials to community clinics building bridges and addressing potential challenges ahead", "authors": "Williams ML, Korevaar D, Harvey R, Fitzgerald PB, Liknaitzky P, O'Carroll S, Puspanathan P, Ross M, Strauss N, Bennett-Levy J", "abstract": "Research exploring the potential of psychedelic-assisted therapies to treat a range of mental illnesses is flourishing, after the problematic sociopolitical history of psychedelics led to the shutdown of clinical research for almost 40 years. Encouraged by positive results, clinicians and patients are now hopeful that further interruptions to research will be avoided, so that the early promise of these therapies might be fulfilled. At this early stage of renewed interest, researchers are understandably focusing more on clinical trials to investigate safety and efficacy, than on longer-term goals such as progression to community practice. Looking to identify and avoid potential pitfalls on the path to community clinics, the authors, a group of Australian clinicians and researchers, met to discuss possible obstacles. Five broad categories of challenge were identified: 1) inherent risks; 2) poor clinical practice; 3) inadequate infrastructure; 4) problematic perceptions; and 5) divisive relationships and fractionation of the field. Our analysis led us to propose some strategies, including public sector support of research and training to establish best practice and optimize translation, and funding to address issues of equitable access to treatment. Above all, we believe that strategic planning and professional cohesion will be crucial for success. Accordingly, our key recommendation is the establishment of a multidisciplinary advisory body, broadly endorsed and representing all major stakeholders, to guide policy and implementation of psychedelic-assisted therapies in Australia. Although these challenges and strategies are framed within the Australian context, we sense that they may generalize to other parts of the world. Wherever they apply, we believe that anticipation of potential difficulties, and creative responses to address them, will be important to avoid roadblocks in the future and keep the \"psychedelic renaissance\" on track.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.737738", "pubmed_id": "34803761", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34803761/", "keywords": "clinical research, community clinics, depression, mental health, psilocybin, psychedelics, translation, trauma", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"34803761\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Creativity,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2217, "title": "Exploratory Controlled Study of the Migraine-Suppressing Effects of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "exploratory controlled study of the migraine suppressing effects of psilocybin", "authors": "Emmanuelle A. D. Schindler, R. Andrew Sewell, Christopher Gottschalk, Christina Luddy, L. Taylor Flynn, Hayley Lindsey, Brian Pittman, Nicholas V. Cozzi, Deepak Cyril D’Souza", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neurotherapeutics", "publication_date": "2020-11-11", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1007/s13311-020-00962-y", "pubmed_id": "33184743", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-020-00962-y", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Migraine, Placebo, Adverse effect, Medicine, Anesthesia, Dosing, Sumatriptan, Neurology, Clinical trial, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Receptor, Agonist, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":137,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1498290822\",\"https://openalex.org/W1522923028\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004916007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007980951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047823540\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084476204\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114420833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151828427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158846562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473812009\",\"https://openalex.org/W2475767983\",\"https://openalex.org/W2497721881\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726799618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2751240458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2751884637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769724041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791018156\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791891207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792120884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904175639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911871414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947247420\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023691240\",\"https://openalex.org/W6629790304\",\"https://openalex.org/W6681909555\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023659439\",\"display_name\":\"Emmanuelle A. D. Schindler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7962-0365\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064169821\",\"display_name\":\"R. Andrew Sewell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056904977\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Gottschalk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-6910\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007685321\",\"display_name\":\"Christina Luddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072937937\",\"display_name\":\"L. Taylor Flynn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028353069\",\"display_name\":\"Hayley Lindsey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-0124\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056238262\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Pittman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-5604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037184848\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas V. Cozzi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-6063\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081806198\",\"display_name\":\"Deepak Cyril D’Souza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-1462\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S75519821\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neurotherapeutics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-020-00962-y\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3105240299" }, { "id": 2160, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin assisted therapy on major depressive disorder", "authors": "Alan K. Davis, Frederick S. Barrett, Darrick G. May, Mary P Cosimano, Nathan D. Sepeda, Matthew W. Johnson, Patrick H. Finan, Roland R. Griffiths", "abstract": "Importance: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a substantial public health burden, but current treatments have limited effectiveness and adherence. Recent evidence suggests that 1 or 2 administrations of psilocybin with psychological support produces antidepressant effects in patients with cancer and in those with treatment-resistant depression. Objective: To investigate the effect of psilocybin therapy in patients with MDD. Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized, waiting list-controlled clinical trial was conducted at the Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center in Baltimore, Maryland. Adults aged 21 to 75 years with an MDD diagnosis, not currently using antidepressant medications, and without histories of psychotic disorder, serious suicide attempt, or hospitalization were eligible to participate. Enrollment occurred between August 2017 and April 2019, and the 4-week primary outcome assessments were completed in July 2019. A total of 27 participants were randomized to an immediate treatment condition group (n = 15) or delayed treatment condition group (waiting list control condition; n = 12). Data analysis was conducted from July 1, 2019, to July 31, 2020, and included participants who completed the intervention (evaluable population). Interventions: Two psilocybin sessions (session 1: 20 mg/70 kg; session 2: 30 mg/70 kg) were given (administered in opaque gelatin capsules with approximately 100 mL of water) in the context of supportive psychotherapy (approximately 11 hours). Participants were randomized to begin treatment immediately or after an 8-week delay. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome, depression severity was assessed with the GRID-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (GRID-HAMD) scores at baseline (score of ≥17 required for enrollment) and weeks 5 and 8 after enrollment for the delayed treatment group, which corresponded to weeks 1 and 4 after the intervention for the immediate treatment group. Secondary outcomes included the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Rated (QIDS-SR). Results: Of the randomized participants, 24 of 27 (89%) completed the intervention and the week 1 and week 4 postsession assessments. This population had a mean (SD) age of 39.8 (12.2) years, was composed of 16 women (67%), and had a mean (SD) baseline GRID-HAMD score of 22.8 (3.9). The mean (SD) GRID-HAMD scores at weeks 1 and 4 (8.0 [7.1] and 8.5 [5.7]) in the immediate treatment group were statistically significantly lower than the scores at the comparable time points of weeks 5 and 8 (23.8 [5.4] and 23.5 [6.0]) in the delayed treatment group. The effect sizes were large at week 5 (Cohen d = 2.5; 95% CI, 1.4-3.5; P", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2020-11-03", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285", "pubmed_id": "33146667", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Context (archaeology), Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Population, Depression (economics), Major depressive episode, Internal medicine, Cognition, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Economics, Biology, Paleontology, Environmental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1264,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W78677904\",\"https://openalex.org/W565990201\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607171655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1961364466\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985329916\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987450364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026718830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038786381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039753838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044440339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053011811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061935788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080083219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084315798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095852687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097572674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107786290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110658215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123354702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160070901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318935314\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2566701931\",\"https://openalex.org/W2570478916\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737505385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803958441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991752231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4233726448\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238546297\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242088524\",\"https://openalex.org/W4255288952\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285719527\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015373046\",\"display_name\":\"Darrick G. May\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025469924\",\"display_name\":\"Mary P Cosimano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063337848\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick H. Finan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-4801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3096208965" }, { "id": 3402, "title": "A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "a meta analysis of placebo controlled trials of psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "Luoma JB, Chwyl C, Bathje G, Davis AK, Lancelotta RL.", "abstract": "After a two-decade hiatus in which research on psychedelics was essentially halted, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy for mental health conditions have begun to be published. We identified nine randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy published since 1994. Studies examined psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), ayahuasca (which contains a combination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala monoamine oxidase inhibitor alkaloids), and MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). We compared the standardized mean difference between the experimental and placebo control group at the primary endpoint. Results indicated a significant mean between-groups effect size of 1.21 (Hedges g), which is larger than the typical effect size found in trials of psychopharmacological or psychotherapy interventions. For the three studies that maintained a placebo control through a follow-up assessment, effects were generally maintained at follow-up. Overall, analyses support the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapy across four mental health conditions-post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety/depression associated with a life-threatening illness, unipolar depression, and social anxiety among autistic adults. While study quality was high, we identify several areas for improvement regarding the conduct and reporting of trials. Larger trials with more diverse samples are needed to examine possible moderators and mediators of effects, and to establish whether effects are maintained over time.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2020-10-27", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/nhbjk", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nhbjk", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR325838\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2228, "title": "The emerging role of psilocybin and MDMA in the treatment of mental illness.", "normalized_title": "the emerging role of psilocybin and mdma in the treatment of mental illness", "authors": "Gill H, Gill B, Chen-Li D, El-Halabi S, Rodrigues NB, Cha DS, Lipsitz O, Lee Y, Rosenblat JD, Majeed A, Mansur RB, Nasri F, Ho R, McIntyre RS.", "abstract": "IntroductionMental illness has a chronic course of illness with a number of clinical manifestations. Affected individuals experience significant functional, emotional, cognitive, and/or behavioral impairments. The growing prevalence of mental illness has been associated with significant social and economic costs. Indeed, the economic burden of mental illness is estimated to exceed $1.8 trillion USD over the next 30 years. A significant number of individuals affected by mental illness fail to respond to first-line treatment options. Therefore, there remains an unmet need for rapidly attenuating therapeutic options for mental health disorders with minimal social and economic burden.Areas coveredThe paucity of novel treatment options warrants a renewed investigation of psychedelic-based psychotherapy. Herein, the authors will evaluate the therapeutic potential of traditional psychedelics, psilocybin, and MDMA, in the treatment of mental illness with a narrative review of available literature.Expert opinionPsychedelics, such as psilocybin and MDMA, offer an alternative avenue of therapy for many mental health disorders. Available evidence indicates that psychedelics may offer a single-dose, rapid effect model that have robust effects with treatment-resistant mental disorders and a unique advantage as a possible monotherapy for mental illness. Novel clinical trials that evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy in clinically representative populations are warranted.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-09-29", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1080/14737175.2020.1826931", "pubmed_id": "32954860", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2020.1826931", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32954860\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3834, "title": "Wait for the Science Before Widespread Use of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "wait for the science before widespread use of psilocybin", "authors": "Nicole Harrington Cirino", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ViewpointsFull AccessWait for the Science Before Widespread Use of PsilocybinNicole Harrington Cirino, M.D.Nicole Harrington Cirino, M.D.Published Online:28 Sep 2020https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2020.10a32AbstractThe momentum behind psilocybin as the next big \"breakthrough\" in treating psychiatric disorders is strong, but Oregon psychiatrists and APA have had to push back psilocybin enthusiasts from making unsafe and premature laws for the use of psilocybin for vulnerable psychiatric patients looking for a cure. Over 112,000 Oregon residents signed a petition and made campaign donations topping $1.2 million to put the question of whether psilocybin-which is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-should be legalized on the November ballot in Oregon. Measure 109, The Psilocybin Program Initiative, is the first psilocybin treatment measure being proposed in the United States. It is gaining significant support from the psilocybin community. The Oregon Psilocybin Society is leading the Yes vote on the Measure 109 campaign. The society was formed by Portland-area psychotherapists Thomas and Sheri Eckert (both master's-level psychotherapists). Missing from the planning or initiation of the initiative is any mention of or oversight by Oregon psychiatrists.The Oregon Psychiatric Physicians Association (OPPA) and APA have both voiced their opposition for this measure for three main reasons: (1) safety and efficacy have not yet been established for psilocybin, (2) using majority public vote via ballot initiative to bypass FDA approval for a new medical treatment is dangerous, and (3) if passed, the use of psilocybin will not require oversight by medical professionals, particularly psychiatrists.Measure 109 as written would allow the \"manufacture, delivery, and administration\" of the hallucinogenic drug psilocybin for the treatment of \"including but not limited to addiction, depression, anxiety disorders, and end of-life psychological distress\" by nonmedical providers.Those following the scientific data know that neither safety nor efficacy has been established according to FDA guidelines or clinical trials. The psychiatric community generally agrees with the FDA-that early limited trials have shown that this new treatment has potential. The FDA has given psilocybin \"breakthrough therapy\" status for major depressive disorder to Usona pharmaceuticals whose phase 2 trials are still under way. Phase 3 trials have yet to even start for psilocybin.Psilocybin is believed to act on serotonin receptors and induce hallucinations as its main proposed mechanism of action. Studies have not yet explored basic drug interactions with other serotonergic or dopaminergic agents, the impact on psychiatric conditions vulnerable to psychosis, dose, side-effect profile, and efficacy for the treatment of substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, and other comorbid psychiatric conditions. In essence, Measure 109 allows prescribing of a non-FDA approved Schedule 1 controlled substance by a nonmedical practitioner for an overly inclusive range of psychiatric conditions.In a letter in August to Oregon Secretary of State Bev Clarno, APA CEO and Medical Director Saul Levin, M.D., M.P.A., stated, \"Treating patients with mental health and substance use disorders is complex, due to the fact that more than half of these patients also have an underlying physical illness. Given our limited understanding of psilocybin's effects on patients and how it may interact with other medications, it is dangerous to allow practitioners-especially those with no medical training-to dispense a controlled substance.\"Psychiatrists, as physicians and experts in the treatment of psychiatric conditions, urge psilocybin nonphysician enthusiasts to slow down and wait for the science. It is dangerous to promote widespread use of psilocybin to vulnerable Oregonians with psychiatric conditions. ■The views expressed in this article do not represent the views of OHSU.The letter by Saul Levin, M.D., M.P.A., is posted here.Nicole Harrington Cirino, M.D., is president of the Oregon Psychiatric Physicians Association and an associate professor of psychiatry and obstetrics and gynecology at the Oregon Health and Science University. ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2020-09-28", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2020.10a32", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2020.10a32", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Ballot, Psychiatry, Opposition (politics), Psychology, Political science, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Law, Politics, Voting, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3091539953\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3091539953\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002035022\",\"display_name\":\"Nicole Harrington Cirino\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2020.10a32\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3091539953" }, { "id": 2246, "title": "Total Recall: Lateral Habenula and Psychedelics in the Study of Depression and Comorbid Brain Disorders.", "normalized_title": "total recall lateral habenula and psychedelics in the study of depression and comorbid brain disorders", "authors": "Vitkauskas M, Mathuru AS.", "abstract": "Depression impacts the lives and daily activities of millions globally. Research into the neurobiology of lateral habenula circuitry and the use of psychedelics for treating depressive states has emerged in the last decade as new directions to devise interventional strategies and therapies. Several clinical trials using deep brain stimulation of the habenula, or using ketamine, and psychedelics that target the serotonergic system such as psilocybin are also underway. The promising early results in these fields require cautious optimism as further evidence from experiments conducted in animal systems in ecologically relevant settings, and a larger number of human studies with improved spatiotemporal neuroimaging, accumulates. Designing optimal methods of intervention will also be aided by an improvement in our understanding of the common genetic and molecular factors underlying disorders comorbid with depression, as well as the characterization of psychedelic-induced changes at a molecular level. Advances in the use of cerebral organoids offers a new approach for rapid progress towards these goals. Here, we review developments in these fast-moving areas of research and discuss potential future directions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-09-06", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3390/ijms21186525", "pubmed_id": "32906643", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186525", "keywords": "Habenula, Humans, Brain Diseases, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Comorbidity, Serotonergic Neurons, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32906643\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2247, "title": "Psilocybin as a New Approach to Treat Depression and Anxiety in the Context of Life-Threatening Diseases-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a new approach to treat depression and anxiety in the context of life threatening diseases a systematic review and meta analysis of clinical trials", "authors": "Vargas AS, Luís Â, Barroso M, Gallardo E, Pereira L.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring tryptamine known for its psychedelic properties. Recent research indicates that psilocybin may constitute a valid approach to treat depression and anxiety associated to life-threatening diseases. The aim of this work was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis of clinical trials to assess the therapeutic effects and safety of psilocybin on those medical conditions. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to measure the effects in depression and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure the effects in anxiety. For BDI, 11 effect sizes were considered (92 patients) and the intervention group was significantly favored (WMD = -4.589; 95% CI = -4.207 to -0.971; p-value = 0.002). For STAI-Trait, 11 effect sizes were considered (92 patients), being the intervention group significantly favored when compared to the control group (WMD = -5.906; 95% CI = -7.852 to -3.960; p-value ˂ 0.001). For STAI-State, 9 effect sizes were considered (41 patients) and the intervention group was significantly favored (WMD = -6.032; 95% CI = -8.900 to -3.164; p-value ˂ 0.001). The obtained results are promising and emphasize the importance of psilocybin translational research in the management of symptoms of depression and anxiety, since the compound may be effective in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in conditions that are either resistant to conventional pharmacotherapy or for which pharmacologic treatment is not yet approved. Moreover, it may be also relevant for first-line treatment, given its safety.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-09-04", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines8090331", "pubmed_id": "32899469", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8090331", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32899469\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2251, "title": "Psilocybin occasioned mystical-type experiences.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin occasioned mystical type experiences", "authors": "James E, Robertshaw TL, Hoskins M, Sessa B.", "abstract": "ObjectiveResearch into psychedelic therapy models has shown promise for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions. Mystical-type experiences occasioned by psilocybin have been correlated with therapeutic benefits and long-term improvements in positive mental outlook and attitudes. This article aims to provide an overview of the topic, highlight strengths and weaknesses in current research, generate novel perspectives and discussion, and consider future avenues for research.DesignThis narrative review was designed to summarise and assess the state of research on psilocybin occasioned mystical-type experiences and applications for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions.ResultsContemporary methods on the quantification of mystical-type experiences and their acute subjective effects are discussed. Recent studies provide some understanding of the pharmacological actions of psychedelics although the neurological similarities and differences between spontaneous and psychedelic mystical-type experiences are not well described. Applicability to modern clinical settings is assessed. Potential novel therapeutic applications include use in positive psychology interventions in healthy individuals.ConclusionsSince 2006 significant advancements in understanding the therapeutic potential of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy have been made; however, more work is required to understand the neuromechanistic processes and applicability in modern clinical settings. Despite promising results in recent studies, funding issues for clinical trials, legal concerns and socio-cultural resistance provide a counterpoint to experimental evidence.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-06-22", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1002/hup.2742", "pubmed_id": "32573835", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.2742", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, Research Design, Mysticism, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32573835\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3404, "title": "A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "a meta analysis of placebo controlled trials of psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "Luoma JB.", "abstract": "After a two-decade hiatus in which research on psychedelics was essentially halted, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy for mental health conditions have begun to be published. We identified nine randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy published since 1994. Studies examined psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), ayahuasca (which contains a combination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala monoamine oxidase inhibitor alkaloids), and MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). We compared the standardized mean difference between the experimental and placebo control group at the primary endpoint. Results indicated a significant mean between-groups effect size of 1.21 (Hedges g), which is larger than the typical effect size found in trials of psychopharmacological or psychotherapy interventions. For the three studies that maintained a placebo control through a follow-up assessment, effects were generally maintained at follow-up. Overall, analyses support the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapy across four mental health conditions-post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety/depression associated with a life-threatening illness, unipolar depression, and social anxiety among autistic adults. While study quality was high, we identify several areas for improvement regarding the conduct and reporting of trials. Larger trials with more diverse samples are needed to examine possible moderators and mediators of effects, and to establish whether effects are maintained over time.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2020-06-11", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/sgujx", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/sgujx", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR326377\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2269, "title": "Integrating psychotherapy and psychopharmacology: psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy and other combined treatments.", "normalized_title": "integrating psychotherapy and psychopharmacology psychedelic assisted psychotherapy and other combined treatments", "authors": "Greenway KT, Garel N, Jerome L, Feduccia AA", "abstract": "Combinations of psychotherapy with antidepressants are gold-standard psychiatric treatments. They operate through complex and interactional mechanisms, not unlike the reemergent paradigm of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, which promising research suggests may also be highly effective in even challenging populations. We review the therapeutic mechanisms behind both conventional and psychedelic paradigms, including the evolution of this knowledge and the associated explanatory frameworks. We explore how psychedelics have provided insights about psychiatric illnesses and treatments over the past decades. We discuss limitations to early explanatory models while highlighting and comparing the psychological and biological mechanisms underlying many psychiatric treatments. A narrative review was conducted based on a search in Medline/Pubmed up to January 1, 2020, and iterative retrieval of references from recent reviews and clinical trials. The contextual model of the common factors of psychotherapy provides a powerful perspective on psychotherapy, antidepressants, and psychedelics, as well as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and ketamine. It aligns well with key tenets of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. Conventional antidepressants and especially psychedelics may improve the efficacy of psychotherapy via neurochemical changes and increased environmental sensitivity. Combined treatments hold significant promise for advancing the knowledge and treatment of many forms of psychopathology.", "journal": "Expert review of clinical pharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-05-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1080/17512433.2020.1772054", "pubmed_id": "32478631", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32478631/", "keywords": "Psychedelics, antidepressants, ketamine, ketamine-assisted psychotherapy, lsd, mdma, mdma-assisted psychotherapy, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, psychiatry, psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"32478631\"}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2233, "title": "Me, myself, bye: regional alterations in glutamate and the experience of ego dissolution with psilocybin", "normalized_title": "me myself bye regional alterations in glutamate and the experience of ego dissolution with psilocybin", "authors": "Natasha L. Mason, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Felix Müller, Johannes T. Reckweg, Desmond H. Y. Tse, Stefan W. Toennes, Nadia R. P. W. Hutten, Jacobus F.A. Jansen, Peter Stiers, Amanda Feilding, Johannes G. Ramaekers", "abstract": "There is growing interest in the therapeutic utility of psychedelic substances, like psilocybin, for disorders characterized by distortions of the self-experience, like depression. Accumulating preclinical evidence emphasizes the role of the glutamate system in the acute action of the drug on brain and behavior; however this has never been tested in humans. Following a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group design, we utilized an ultra-high field multimodal brain imaging approach and demonstrated that psilocybin (0.17 mg/kg) induced region-dependent alterations in glutamate, which predicted distortions in the subjective experience of one's self (ego dissolution). Whereas higher levels of medial prefrontal cortical glutamate were associated with negatively experienced ego dissolution, lower levels in hippocampal glutamate were associated with positively experienced ego dissolution. Such findings provide further insights into the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of the psychedelic, as well as the baseline, state. Importantly, they may also provide a neurochemical basis for therapeutic effects as witnessed in ongoing clinical trials.", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-05-22", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-020-0718-8", "pubmed_id": "32446245", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-0718-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neurochemical, Glutamate receptor, Psychology, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Hippocampal formation, Psychiatry, Medicine, Internal medicine, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":261,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W159676469\",\"https://openalex.org/W1926198785\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967075670\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967724103\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970076964\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973741448\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983183519\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985327120\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985920331\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990926259\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002081170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007011615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008659680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014643576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015011531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019803062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024232708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039200237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043768758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047862976\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061871785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062088700\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074000411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074270863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074483296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079106221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079450984\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084892943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085598752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086861479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087317982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102963347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103583518\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104150998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105916826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107557962\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111990860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113525305\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120918936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122335802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131761257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133462240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134539998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137981069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143648030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152160545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162010696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163830705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166045982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170915041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171112603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2280429408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2377185146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592111319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2765493481\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768851887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792211781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885455509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888688605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892061340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902820651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907315963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938570586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945514479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949283084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008758753\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4239785504\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041055116\",\"display_name\":\"Natasha L. Mason\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-0389\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024651565\",\"display_name\":\"Kim P. C. Kuypers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-3809\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061374713\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Müller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-6610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062559490\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes T. Reckweg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-6334\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062957500\",\"display_name\":\"Desmond H. Y. Tse\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-7707\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090253811\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan W. Toennes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-3201\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064339250\",\"display_name\":\"Nadia R. P. W. Hutten\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0033-8119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022027850\",\"display_name\":\"Jacobus F.A. Jansen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5271-8060\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083673110\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Stiers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-1474\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071332026\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Feilding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024899439\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes G. Ramaekers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4553-376X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S175030738\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-0718-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3027590463" }, { "id": 2266, "title": "Psilocybin and LSD have no long-lasting effects in an animal model of alcohol relapse", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and lsd have no long lasting effects in an animal model of alcohol relapse", "authors": "Marcus W. Meinhardt, Cansu Güngör, Ivan Skorodumov, Lea J. Mertens, Rainer Spanagel", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-05-04", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-020-0694-z", "pubmed_id": "32369828", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-0694-z", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Alcohol use disorder, Relapse prevention, Hallucinogen, Animal model, Clinical trial, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Animal studies, Psychotherapist, Alcohol, Pharmacology, Internal medicine, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3020950088\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3020950088\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":66,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W289983388\",\"https://openalex.org/W1034247536\",\"https://openalex.org/W1495247157\",\"https://openalex.org/W1543276710\",\"https://openalex.org/W1949065868\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966449636\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996607457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001116453\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008368690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015207248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016115765\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021136584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046649514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060369973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066529122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071289935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092297027\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094614798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111990860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131937487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153773787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160397887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2243916050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2323246336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397757704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2607844825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744192774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2782063084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789213216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793853595\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801418002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888119399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892043638\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981686921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983179222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990036135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992322507\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996181392\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007315114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236260884\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247713842\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013945938\",\"display_name\":\"Marcus W. Meinhardt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-0731\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102356840\",\"display_name\":\"Cansu Güngör\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079196313\",\"display_name\":\"Ivan Skorodumov\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6749-9745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016315764\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Spanagel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2151-4521\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S175030738\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-0694-z\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3020950088" }, { "id": 2279, "title": "Perceived outcomes of psychedelic microdosing as self-managed therapies for mental and substance use disorders.", "normalized_title": "perceived outcomes of psychedelic microdosing as self managed therapies for mental and substance use disorders", "authors": "Lea T, Amada N, Jungaberle H, Schecke H, Scherbaum N, Klein M", "abstract": "The regular consumption of very small doses of psychedelic drugs (known as microdosing) has been a source of growing media and community attention in recent years. However, there is currently limited clinical and social research evidence on the potential role of microdosing as therapies for mental and substance use disorders. This paper examined subjective experiences of microdosing psychedelics to improve mental health or to cease or reduce substance use, and examined sociodemographic and other covariates of perceived improvements in mental health that individuals attributed to microdosing. An international online survey was conducted in 2018 and examined people's experiences of using psychedelics for self-reported therapeutic or enhancement purposes. This paper focuses on 1102 respondents who reported current or past experience of psychedelic microdosing. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported primarily microdosing as a therapy for depression, 7% for anxiety, 9% for other mental disorders and 2% for substance use cessation or reduction. Forty-four percent of respondents perceived that their mental health was \"much better\" as a consequence of microdosing. In a multivariate analysis, perceived improvements in mental health from microdosing were associated with a range of variables including gender, education, microdosing duration and motivations, and recent use of larger psychedelic doses. Given the promising findings of clinical trials of standard psychedelic doses as mental health therapies, clinical microdosing research is needed to determine its potential role in psychiatric treatment, and ongoing social research to better understand the use of microdosing as self-managed mental health and substance use therapies.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-04-30", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-020-05477-0", "pubmed_id": "32043165", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32043165/", "keywords": "Alcohol, Drugs, LSD, Mental health, Microdose, Psilocybin, Self-treatment", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"32043165\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3451, "title": "Pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin in Normal Adult Volunteers", "normalized_title": "pharmacokinetics of psilocybin in normal adult volunteers", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound produced by more than 200 species of mushrooms, collectively known as psilocybin mushrooms. Psilocybin (4-phosphoroyloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is a hallucinogenic tryptamine that was first isolated from Psilocybe mushrooms in 1957. The objective of this Phase I clinical trial is to determine the pharmacokinetics of oral doses of psilocybin in normal, healthy adults. The study is performed in support of Phase II and Phase III studies of psilocybin for the treatment of refractory anxiety associated with incurable cancer, as well as other possible indications. Psilocybin is at present not an FDA-approved drug. The primary objective of this clinical trial is to determine the pharmacokinetics of an extemporaneous oral formulation of psilocybin in normal, healthy adults. This study is intended to add to the existing body of modern clinical research on psilocybin to support future multi-institutional Phase III clinical trials seeking to decrease anxiety and depression in patients with incurable cancer. The long-term goal of this research is to submit a successful new drug application for psilocybin to the FDA. Subjects will initially take one 0.3 mg/kg (approximately 20mg/70kg) oral dose of psilocybin to initiate an eight hour chaperoned outpatient experience. After eight hours of outpatient sampling, the subject will be transported across the street to the UW Institute for Clinical and Translational Research Clinical Research Unit (ICTR CRU) for an overnight stay and additional blood and urine sampling. Pre- and post-treatment psychologic preparation and debriefing interviews will be required. A minimum of four weeks after the first dose, the subject will receive a second oral dose of psilocybin at the higher dose of 0.45 mg/kg (approximately 30 mg/70 kg). This dosing will again take place in an attended, structured setting with timed blood and urine samples obtained both in the School of Pharmacy (0-8 hours) and in the UW Clinical Research Unit (8-24 hours). A minimum of four weeks after the second dose, the subject will receive a third oral dose of psilocybin at the highest dose of 0.6 mg/kg (approximately 40 mg/70 kg). This dose will again take place in an attended, structured setting with timed blood and urine samples obtained both in the School of Pharmacy (0-8 hours) and in the UW Clinical Research Unit (8-24 hours). 12-lead ECGs will be obtained at specified time points before and during each treatment period. Throughout the duration of drug action for each dose participants will be attended by two trained monitors, and a physician will available during the entire 24 hour treatment and sampling period. Subjects who have been administered the first dose but decline to receive any subsequent doses will remain evaluable. At that time their active study participation will end.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2020-04-14", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02163707", "keywords": "Healthy, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT02163707\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2036, "title": "Exposure-Response Analysis to Assess the Concentration-QTc Relationship of Psilocybin/Psilocin", "normalized_title": "exposure response analysis to assess the concentration qtc relationship of psilocybin psilocin", "authors": "Elyes Dahmane, Paul R. Hutson, Jogarao Gobburu", "abstract": "Psilocybin is being developed for treating major depressive disorder. Psilocybin is readily dephosphorylated to psilocin upon absorption. The potential for psilocin proarrhythmic effect was assessed using a concentration-QTc interval (C-QTc) analysis from an open-label single ascending dose study of psilocybin. Psilocybin doses ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 mg/kg. This trial showed a significant but shallow C-QTc relationship. At the clinical dose of 25 mg, the mean psilocin maximum concentration is 18.7 ng/mL, and the associated mean (upper 90% confidence interval of mean) QTcF change is 2.1 (6.6) milliseconds. Given the short half-life of psilocin of about 4 hours, there would be no accumulation after monthly oral doses used in clinical trials. The upper limit of the 90% confidence interval of the model-predicted mean ΔQTcF crossed 10 milliseconds at a psilocin concentration of 31.1 ng/mL. At a supraclinical psilocin maximum concentration of about 60 ng/mL, ΔQTcF remains low, with a mean (upper limit of the 90% confidence interval) of 9.1 (17.9) milliseconds. This analysis enabled the characterization of the C-QTc relationship and prediction of QTc prolongation at the expected clinical and possible higher psilocybin doses.", "journal": "Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development", "publication_date": "2020-04-05", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1002/cpdd.796", "pubmed_id": "32250059", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cpdd.796", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, QT interval, Traditional medicine, Anesthesia, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":16,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":43,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1978647133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093658818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096104621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2771291368\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682579402\",\"https://openalex.org/W6739316299\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048167745\",\"display_name\":\"Elyes Dahmane\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8548-5155\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088507656\",\"display_name\":\"Paul R. Hutson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-7096\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083885025\",\"display_name\":\"Jogarao Gobburu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8348-4295\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764863641\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpdd.796\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3014341075" }, { "id": 2267, "title": "Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the de novo production of psilocybin and related tryptamine derivatives", "normalized_title": "metabolic engineering of saccharomyces cerevisiae for the de novo production of psilocybin and related tryptamine derivatives", "authors": "N. Milne, Philip Tinggaard Thomsen, Niels Aage Tvis Knudsen, P. Rubaszka, Mette Kristensen, Irina Borodina", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a tryptamine-derived psychoactive alkaloid found mainly in the fungal genus Psilocybe, among others, and is the active ingredient in so-called \"magic mushrooms\". Although its notoriety originates from its psychotropic properties and popular use as a recreational drug, clinical trials have recently recognized psilocybin as a promising candidate for the treatment of various psychological and neurological afflictions. In this work, we demonstrate the de novo biosynthetic production of psilocybin and related tryptamine derivatives in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by expression of a heterologous biosynthesis pathway sourced from Psilocybe cubensis. Additionally, we achieve improved product titers by supplementing the pathway with a novel cytochrome P450 reductase from P. cubensis. Further rational engineering resulted in a final production strain producing 627 ± 140 mg/L of psilocybin and 580 ± 276 mg/L of the dephosphorylated degradation product psilocin in triplicate controlled fed-batch fermentations in minimal synthetic media. Pathway intermediates baeocystin, nor norbaeocystin as well the dephosphorylated baeocystin degradation product norpsilocin were also detected in strains engineered for psilocybin production. We also demonstrate the biosynthetic production of natural tryptamine derivative aeruginascin as well as the production of a new-to-nature tryptamine derivative N-acetyl-4-hydroxytryptamine. These results lay the foundation for the biotechnological production of psilocybin in a controlled environment for pharmaceutical applications, and provide a starting point for the biosynthetic production of other tryptamine derivatives of therapeutic relevance.", "journal": "Metabolic Engineering", "publication_date": "2020-03-25", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1016/j.ymben.2019.12.007", "pubmed_id": "32224264", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2019.12.007", "keywords": "Tryptamine, Psilocybin, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Metabolic engineering, Biochemistry, Chemistry, Biology, Yeast, Hallucinogen, Enzyme, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Fermentation and Sensory Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":126,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W70082989\",\"https://openalex.org/W620598799\",\"https://openalex.org/W1483456869\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965925823\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990226486\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997859062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003117374\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005405042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011945340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015086459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018061252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038839611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059418741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061437600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079017722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086719222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096336948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122113339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158474067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161742145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163959508\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168036974\",\"https://openalex.org/W2202603680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2294865282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2347725975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2555171617\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767482428\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793430004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891794992\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921940482\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022930117\",\"https://openalex.org/W6649767272\",\"https://openalex.org/W6730232402\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051235510\",\"display_name\":\"N. Milne\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-110X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006633030\",\"display_name\":\"Philip Tinggaard Thomsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4498-4550\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108903517\",\"display_name\":\"Niels Aage Tvis Knudsen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038032963\",\"display_name\":\"P. Rubaszka\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103130326\",\"display_name\":\"Mette Kristensen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3767-161X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040605607\",\"display_name\":\"Irina Borodina\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-1393\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S173328182\",\"source_display_name\":\"Metabolic Engineering\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2019.12.007\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3013100262" }, { "id": 2265, "title": "Scalable Hybrid Synthetic/Biocatalytic Route to Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "scalable hybrid synthetic biocatalytic route to psilocybin", "authors": "Janis Fricke, Robert B. Kargbo, Lars Regestein, Claudius Lenz, Gundela Peschel, Miriam A. Rosenbaum, Alexander M. Sherwood, Dirk Hoffmeister", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the principal indole alkaloid of Psilocybe mushrooms, is currently undergoing clinical trials as a medication against treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder. The psilocybin supply for pharmaceutical purposes is met by synthetic chemistry. We replaced the problematic phosphorylation step during synthesis with the mushroom kinase PsiK. This enzyme was biochemically characterized and used to produce one gram of psilocybin from psilocin within 20 minutes. We also describe a pilot-scale protocol for recombinant PsiK that yielded 150 mg enzyme in active and soluble form. Our work consolidates the simplicity of tryptamine chemistry with the specificity and selectivity of enzymatic catalysis and helps provide access to an important drug at potentially reasonable cost.", "journal": "Chemistry - A European Journal", "publication_date": "2020-02-25", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1002/chem.202000134", "pubmed_id": "32101345", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202000134", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tryptamine, Chemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Biology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":48,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1975094891\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991588046\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999999921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128635872\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139669250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2297439341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312856833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753941774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950394635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951809594\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988070888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999478951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293247451\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046057419\",\"display_name\":\"Janis Fricke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-3185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083389508\",\"display_name\":\"Lars Regestein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-7171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103876089\",\"display_name\":\"Claudius Lenz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007740172\",\"display_name\":\"Gundela Peschel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0120-4019\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016954737\",\"display_name\":\"Miriam A. Rosenbaum\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4566-8624\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S68911691\",\"source_display_name\":\"Chemistry - A European Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202000134\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3007311584" }, { "id": 2209, "title": "Psychedelics and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and psychedelic assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Reiff CM, Richman EE, Nemeroff CB, Carpenter LL, Widge AS, Rodriguez CI, Kalin NH, McDonald WM, the Work Group on Biomarkers and Novel Treatments, a Division of the American Psychiatric Association Council of Research.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThe authors provide an evidenced-based summary of the literature on the clinical application of psychedelic drugs in psychiatric disorders.MethodsSearches of PubMed and PsycINFO via Ovid were conducted for articles in English, in peer-reviewed journals, reporting on \"psilocybin,\" \"lysergic acid diethylamide,\" \"LSD,\" \"ayahuasca,\" \"3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,\" and \"MDMA,\" in human subjects, published between 2007 and July 1, 2019. A total of 1,603 articles were identified and screened. Articles that did not contain the terms \"clinical trial,\" \"therapy,\" or \"imaging\" in the title or abstract were filtered out. The 161 remaining articles were reviewed by two or more authors. The authors identified 14 articles reporting on well-designed clinical trials investigating the efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, and ayahuasca for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders, trauma and stress-related disorders, and substance-related and addictive disorders as well as in end-of-life care.ResultsThe most significant database exists for MDMA and psilocybin, which have been designated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as \"breakthrough therapies\" for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and treatment-resistant depression, respectively. The research on LSD and ayahuasca is observational, but available evidence suggests that these agents may have therapeutic effects in specific psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsRandomized clinical trials support the efficacy of MDMA in the treatment of PTSD and psilocybin in the treatment of depression and cancer-related anxiety. The research to support the use of LSD and ayahuasca in the treatment of psychiatric disorders is preliminary, although promising. Overall, the database is insufficient for FDA approval of any psychedelic compound for routine clinical use in psychiatric disorders at this time, but continued research on the efficacy of psychedelics for the treatment of psychiatric disorders is warranted.", "journal": "Diseño interior", "publication_date": "2020-02-25", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19010035", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19010035", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, Evidence-Based Practice, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32098487\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W32098487\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W32098487\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104093896\",\"display_name\":\"Pilar Gómez Rodríguez\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306508135\",\"source_display_name\":\"Diseño interior\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2955419\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W32098487" }, { "id": 1083, "title": "Rethinking Therapeutic Strategies for Anorexia Nervosa: Insights From Psychedelic Medicine and Animal Models.", "normalized_title": "rethinking therapeutic strategies for anorexia nervosa insights from psychedelic medicine and animal models", "authors": "Foldi CJ, Liknaitzky P, Williams M, Oldfield BJ.", "abstract": "Anorexia nervosa (AN) has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disease, yet available pharmacological treatments are largely ineffective due, in part, to an inadequate understanding of the neurobiological drivers that underpin the condition. The recent resurgence of research into the clinical applications of psychedelic medicine for a range of mental disorders has highlighted the potential for classical psychedelics, including psilocybin, to alleviate symptoms of AN that relate to serotonergic signaling and cognitive inflexibility. Clinical trials using psychedelics in treatment-resistant depression have shown promising outcomes, although these studies are unable to circumvent some methodological biases. The first clinical trial to use psilocybin in patients with AN commenced in 2019, necessitating a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms through which psychedelics act. Animal models are beneficial in this respect, allowing for detailed scrutiny of brain function and behavior and the potential to study pharmacology without the confounds of expectancy and bias that are impossible to control for in patient populations. We argue that studies investigating the neurobiological effects of psychedelics in animal models, including the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rodent model, are particularly important to inform clinical applications, including the subpopulations of patients that may benefit most from psychedelic medicine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-02-03", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2020.00043", "pubmed_id": "32116500", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00043", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32116500\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3891, "title": "The Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in the Treatment of Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psilocybin and 3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine in the treatment of depression and post traumatic stress disorder", "authors": "Sofia Gyllvik", "abstract": "The psychedelic psilocybin and the entactogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) are being scientifically studied again after a long hiatus, and especially for their potential in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Their profound effect on cognitive, perceptual, and affective processes have led to several clinical studies during the last decade that have forced the reconsideration of the utility of these substances. The research includes clinical trials with psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depressive and anxiety symptoms, and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The results have shown a significant reduction in depressive and anxiety symptoms in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, and in PTSD symptoms in MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, with acceptable adverse effects. Moreover, the reductions in symptoms have been shown to be sustained several years later. Given the results indicate short- and long-term safety and efficacy, even for treatment resistant conditions, this suggest that these substances administered with psychotherapy are promising and deserve to be taken seriously as a therapeutic tool. The present thesis provides an overview of the latest clinical studies on the treatment of depression, anxiety, and PTSD with psilocybin and MDMA, respectively, as well as reviews the history, mechanisms of action, the therapeutic process used with psilocybin and MDMA, and any adverse physiological and psychological effects of both substances.", "journal": "Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18729", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Traumatic stress, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, MDMA, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3083741926\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3083741926\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075217865\",\"display_name\":\"Sofia Gyllvik\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400653\",\"source_display_name\":\"Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18729\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3083741926" }, { "id": 3883, "title": "Development of an improved psilocybin synthesis", "normalized_title": "development of an improved psilocybin synthesis", "authors": "Reham Shaba", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a hallucinogenic compound found in fungi and is currently evaluated inclinical trials for treatment of depression, anxiety and addiction. Psilocybin is aprodrug of the pharmacologically active metabolite, psilocin. The synthetic route topsilocybin relies on synthesizing psilocin from the starting material, 4-hydroxyindoleand latter converting psilocin into psilocybin by phosphorylation. The synthesis ofpsilocybin has been challenging because of the labile nature of the phosphorylationdibenzyl ester reagent and related intermediates. Several attempts to optimizepsilocybin synthesis have been published but there is still a need for furtherimprovements.The first aim of this project was to synthesize psilocybin using literature methods,while the second aim was to optimize the phosphorylation step with differentreagents and conditions.Initial studies focused on coupling the two-side chain carbon onto position three ofthe indole, this required protection of the hydroxyl group which was achieved byacylation in room temperature. With sufficient amount of dimethylamine solution, theamine addition reaction was investigated and resulted in a pure product. Thefollowing reduction with lithium aluminum hydride provided an unknown side-productinstead of psilocin.The first aim was successfully accomplished, up to psilocin, with pure intermediatesbut low yields. The second aim was not achieved due to lack of time and access tothe laboratory during covid-19 crisis. However, a literature survey of reagents andconditions for phosphorylation was performed which enables continuation of theproject.", "journal": "Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University)", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420295", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3089446948\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3089446948\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031470678\",\"display_name\":\"Reham Shaba\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306402042\",\"source_display_name\":\"Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420295\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3089446948" }, { "id": 3285, "title": "Mapping Psilocybin-Assisted Therapies: A Scoping Review", "normalized_title": "mapping psilocybin assisted therapies a scoping review", "authors": "Shore R, Ioudovski P, Goldie C, McKeown S, Dumont E, Queen’s University, Kingston On.", "abstract": "We conducted a scoping review on psilocybin-assisted therapy for addiction, depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psilocybin is a naturally-occurring tryptophan derivative found in species of mushroom with psycho-active properties. From 2022 records identified by database searching, 40 publications were included in the qualitative synthesis from which we identified 9 clinical trials with a total of 169 participants. Trials used a peak-psychedelic model of therapy, emphasizing inward journey through the use of eyeshades, set musical scores and with medium to high doses of psilocybin. No serious adverse effects were reported; mild adverse effects included transient anxiety, nausea and post-treatment headaches. Overall, the 9 trials all demonstrated safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy in the treatments of obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance use disorder, treatment-resistant unipolar depression, anxiety or depression in patients with life-threatening cancer and demoralization among long-term AIDS survivors.The literature was found to be early and exploratory, with several limitations: only 5 were randomized controlled trials, small and homogenous patient sample size, difficulties in blinding, and the confounding influence of psychological supports provided. Further research is indicated to establish effectiveness for these and other indications, with a more diverse range of patients, and with differing program and dosing modalities.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2019-12-11", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1101/2019.12.04.19013896", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.04.19013896", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR105649\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3905, "title": "P.609 Therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelic drugs: Changes in amygdala and prefrontal functional connectivity during emotional processing after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "p 609 therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelic drugs changes in amygdala and prefrontal functional connectivity during emotional processing after psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Laura Mertens, M.B. Wall, L. Roseman, L. Demetriou, D.J. Nutt, R.L. Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2019-11-30", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.593", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.593", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Blinding, Clinical trial, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4248055189\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4248055189\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2063619953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013750321\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Mertens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074368982\",\"display_name\":\"M.B. Wall\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028858595\",\"display_name\":\"L. Roseman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042821012\",\"display_name\":\"L. Demetriou\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087308623\",\"display_name\":\"D.J. Nutt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061284186\",\"display_name\":\"R.L. Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.593\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4248055189" }, { "id": 2322, "title": "Serotonergic hallucinogens/psychedelics could be promising treatments for depressive and anxiety disorders in end-stage cancer.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic hallucinogens psychedelics could be promising treatments for depressive and anxiety disorders in end stage cancer", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Bouso JC, Hallak JEC.", "abstract": "In a recent issue of the BMC Psychiatry, the evidence of effectiveness of treatments for psychiatric conditions in end-stage cancer patients was reviewed (Johnson, 2018). The review was comprehensive, and included traditional and non-traditional/alternative treatments, including herbal medicines and spirituality. However, evidence showing that classic or serotonergic hallucinogens/psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) could be effective treatments for depressive and anxiety disorders in end-stage cancer was not included. In this commentary, we expand the information available on the original article by briefly reviewing data from recent placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over clinical trials showing evidence that administration of single (or few) doses of LSD and psilocybin was associated with rapid and sustained reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with end-stage cancer and other life-threatening diseases (e.g., Bechterew's disease, Parkinson's disease, Celiac disease). Since these substances seem to produce rapid and sustained therapeutic effects with single (or few) doses and well tolerated, large-scale, prospective, multi-site studies of end-stage cancer and classical/serotonergic hallucinogens/psychedelics should be performed to improve our understanding of the therapeutic potentials of these drugs and their use on clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-10-27", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1186/s12888-019-2288-z", "pubmed_id": "31660905", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2288-z", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Prospective Studies, Double-Blind Method, Anxiety Disorders, Needs Assessment", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31660905\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3918, "title": "Modified E. coli pump out psilocybin", "normalized_title": "modified e coli pump out psilocybin", "authors": "Megha Satyanarayana", "abstract": "A team of researchers has turned Escherichia coli into tiny bioreactors that can manufacture large amounts of psilocybin, the ingredient in magic mushrooms that leads to their psychoactive effects (Metab. Eng. 2019, DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.09.009). With the compound in clinical trials for treating depression and other brain diseases, says J. Andrew Jones, the Miami University chemical engineer who led the work, scaled-up manufacturing processes may soon be needed to meet consumer demand. Scientists discovered psilocybin decades ago, but the enzymatic pathway that fungi use to make the molecule wasn’t described until 2017. That synthesis, scientists found, starts with a tryptophan-based compound and ends with a phosphorylated product. The phosphate on psilocybin is unstable, however, and in the human body, it’s stripped to make psilocin, which can cross the blood-brain barrier, Jones says. So getting that phosphate onto psilocybin is challenging with synthetic methods, he says, but “biology is good at adding", "journal": "C&EN Global Enterprise", "publication_date": "2019-10-06", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1021/cen-09739-scicon9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09739-scicon9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Computer science, Chemistry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2981873322\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2981873322\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103057976\",\"display_name\":\"Megha Satyanarayana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3741-9744\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210177211\",\"source_display_name\":\"C&EN Global Enterprise\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09739-scicon9\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2981873322" }, { "id": 3920, "title": "Psilocybin for depression: Considerations for clinical trial design", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression considerations for clinical trial design", "authors": "Kelley C. O’Donnell, Sarah E. Mennenga, Michael P. Bogenschutz", "abstract": "Background and aims Given the enormous global burden of depressive illness, there is an urgent need to develop novel and more effective treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent findings have suggested that psychedelic drugs may have a role in the treatment of depressive symptoms, and a number of groups are in the process of developing protocols to study this question systematically. Given the subjective quality of both the psychedelic experience and depressive symptomatology, great care must be taken when designing a protocol to study the clinical efficacy of psychedelic drugs. This study will discuss many factors to consider when designing a clinical trial of psilocybin for MDD. Methods We provide a thorough review of pertinent research into antidepressant clinical trial methodology and review practical considerations that are relevant to the study of psychedelic-assisted treatment for depression. Results We discuss participant selection (including diagnostic accuracy, exclusion criteria, characteristics of the depressive episode, and the use of concurrent medications), study interventions (including dosing regimens, placebo selection, non-pharmacological components of treatment, and the importance of blinding), trial duration, outcome measures, and safety considerations. Conclusions Careful and transparent study design and data analysis will maximize the likelihood of generating meaningful, reproducible results, and identifying a treatment-specific effect. Meeting the highest standards for contemporary trial design may also broaden the acceptance of psychedelic research in the scientific community at large.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2019-08-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2019.026", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2019.026", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Blinding, Clinical trial, Major depressive disorder, Protocol (science), Psychological intervention, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Medicine, Clinical study design, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Research design, Alternative medicine, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Social science, Sociology, Pathology, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2974814938\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2974814938\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":15,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1035028816\",\"https://openalex.org/W1730751745\",\"https://openalex.org/W1776258049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1908895882\",\"https://openalex.org/W1924546259\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964684482\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978384112\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002554882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017854344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018351853\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018366064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023634568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032318019\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033784736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034669884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049695419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057880023\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063900798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066671649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083644336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083894864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084152792\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090339413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094608167\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101646907\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112249597\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117522474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120460120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124295269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128603617\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139725402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142133137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146236789\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148796661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153403353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159011576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169411569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171340584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2291794699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2296296811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318643681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319165603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2326537158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340399189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410368260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2428332025\",\"https://openalex.org/W2438144546\",\"https://openalex.org/W2480021183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590652160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757390367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807830955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894431596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897080393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942667518\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944263526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240995428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4245499518\",\"https://openalex.org/W6637688905\",\"https://openalex.org/W6696590373\",\"https://openalex.org/W6703672616\",\"https://openalex.org/W6717913965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042151214\",\"display_name\":\"Kelley C. O’Donnell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9983-2699\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2019.026\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2974814938" }, { "id": 2320, "title": "Classical psychedelics for the treatment of depression and anxiety: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "classical psychedelics for the treatment of depression and anxiety a systematic review", "authors": "Muttoni S, Ardissino M, John C.", "abstract": "BackgroundDepression and anxiety are prevalent psychiatric disorders that carry significant morbidity. Pharmacological and psychosocial interventions are used to manage these conditions, but their efficacy is limited. Recent interest into the use of psychedelic-assisted therapy using ayahuasca, psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may be a promising alternative for patients unresponsive to traditional treatments. This review aims to determine the efficacy and tolerability of psychedelics in the management of resistant depression.MethodsClinical trials investigating psychedelics in patients with depression and/or anxiety were searched via MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsychINFO. Efficacy was assessed by measuring symptom improvement from baseline, and tolerability was evaluated by noting the incidence and type of adverse effects reported. Risk of bias was assessed.ResultsSeven studies, with 130 patients, were analysed in this review. Three were conducted in patients with depression, two in patients with anxiety and two in patients with both. In a supportive setting, ayahuasca, psilocybin, and LSD consistently produced immediate and significant anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects that were endured for several months. Psychedelics were well-tolerated. The most common adverse effects were transient anxiety, short-lived headaches, nausea and mild increases in heart rate and blood pressure.LimitationsAt present, the number of studies on this subject is very limited; and the number of participating patients within these is also limited as the treatment under investigations is a relatively novel concept.ConclusionsThough further evidence is required, psychedelics appear to be effective in significantly reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety and are well-tolerated.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-07-29", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.076", "pubmed_id": "31382100", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.076", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Adult, Female, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31382100\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2338, "title": "REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "rebus and the anarchic brain toward a unified model of the brain action of psychedelics", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Friston KJ.", "abstract": "This paper formulates the action of psychedelics by integrating the free-energy principle and entropic brain hypothesis. We call this formulation relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) and the anarchic brain, founded on the principle that-via their entropic effect on spontaneous cortical activity-psychedelics work to relax the precision of high-level priors or beliefs, thereby liberating bottom-up information flow, particularly via intrinsic sources such as the limbic system. We assemble evidence for this model and show how it can explain a broad range of phenomena associated with the psychedelic experience. With regard to their potential therapeutic use, we propose that psychedelics work to relax the precision weighting of pathologically overweighted priors underpinning various expressions of mental illness. We propose that this process entails an increased sensitization of high-level priors to bottom-up signaling (stemming from intrinsic sources), and that this heightened sensitivity enables the potential revision and deweighting of overweighted priors. We end by discussing further implications of the model, such as that psychedelics can bring about the revision of other heavily weighted high-level priors, not directly related to mental health, such as those underlying partisan and/or overly-confident political, religious, and/or philosophical perspectives. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Psychedelics are capturing interest, with efforts underway to bring psilocybin therapy to marketing authorisation and legal access within a decade, spearheaded by the findings of a series of phase 2 trials. In this climate, a compelling unified model of how psychedelics alter brain function to alter consciousness would have appeal. Towards this end, we have sought to integrate a leading model of global brain function, hierarchical predictive coding, with an often-cited model of the acute action of psychedelics, the entropic brain hypothesis. The resulting synthesis states that psychedelics work to relax high-level priors, sensitising them to liberated bottom-up information flow, which, with the right intention, care provision and context, can help guide and cultivate the revision of entrenched pathological priors.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-06-30", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1124/pr.118.017160", "pubmed_id": "31221820", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Models, Neurological, Culture", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31221820\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3926, "title": "The Potential of Psilocybin Administration in Terminal Cancer Patients", "normalized_title": "the potential of psilocybin administration in terminal cancer patients", "authors": "Richard Simoneaux", "abstract": "psilocybin; depression; terminal cancer; CME; CNE: psilocybin; depression; terminal cancer; CME; CNEPsilocybin is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in more than 200 species of mushrooms. This compound, which was first isolated by the Swiss chemist Albert Hofman in 1959, is the active constituent of psychedelic mushrooms which are thought to have been utilized by humans since prehistoric times. In vivo, psilocybin is converted by the liver to psilocin, which is in fact the active pharmacological agent. Mechanistically, psilocin is thought to function as a partial agonist to several serotonin receptors. In the 1960s, several different groups were performing research using psychedelic agents; however, these studies were drastically affected by the U.S. government's classification of both psilocybin and psilocin as Schedule I drugs in October 1970, though increasingly limited research continued at the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center until 1977. After a dormant period of 22 years, Roland Griffiths, PhD, and William Richards, PhD, successfully obtained federal and university clearances in 1999 to reinitiate human studies with psilocybin at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. In October 2018, the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression. “I am hopeful that the FDA's designation of psilocybin as a breakthrough therapy for treatment-resistant depression will allow greater exploration of psychedelic therapy in other patient populations,” stated Richards, who is a psychologist in the Psychiatry Department of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Bayview Medical Center. Phase II Study in Cancer Patients Many cancer patients experience psychological stress due to their diagnosis, which can result in clinically significant depression and/or anxiety. In a phase II clinical study (NCT00465595), supported by the Heffter Research Institute and performed at Johns Hopkins, researchers evaluated psilocybin in participants who had received a potentially life-threatening cancer diagnosis who also had anxiety and depressed mood (J Psychopharm 2016;30:1181-1197). In this double-blind study, patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to two different psilocybin dosing regimens: high dose (22 or 30 mg/70 kg) first followed by a low dose (1 or 3 mg/70 kg) or low dose first followed by a high dose. Initially, the high dose was 30 mg/70 kg; however, this was reduced to 22 mg/70 kg after two of the first three patients receiving the high dose were discontinued by the study personnel. The low dose of psilocybin was lowered to 1 mg/70 kg from 3 mg/70 kg after dosing 12 participants at the 3 mg level. This dose was altered because data from the same dose-effect study showed significant psilocybin effects at 5 mg/70 kg, and there was concern that 3 mg/70 kg might produce psychedelic effects in some research volunteers and not serve reliably as an inactive placebo. There were two primary therapeutic outcome measures which were utilized: the widely used GRID-HAMD-17 for depression and HAM-A assessed with the SIGH-A for anxiety. These measurements were taken at baseline, 5 weeks after each session, and at 6 months. In clinician-rated measures, clinical significance was noted for those responses with a 50 percent or greater decrease in measure with respect to baseline, while symptom remission was defined as a 50 percent or greater decrease in measure relative to baseline and a score of seven or less on the GRID-HAMD or HAM-A. This study, which included 51 patients (low/high-25; high/low-26), showed that, when administered in a psychologically supportive setting by properly trained personnel, a single dose of psilocybin can produce clinically significant responses, yielding substantial and enduring decreases in both depressed mood and anxiety. In addition, many of these cancer patients also reported increases in quality of life, as well as decreases in death anxiety. Enduring effects at 6 months were noted for the patients in assessments made by the patients, clinicians, and community observers. “At 6 months, the overall rate of clinical response for clinician-rated depression was 78 percent, while the figure for clinician-rated anxiety was 83 percent,” Richards noted. Two similar studies conducted at UCLA and New York University also reported positive findings. Pharmacokinetics Study An open-label phase I dose-escalation study (NCT02163707) evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of psilocybin in 12 healthy adult participants in sequential doses of 0.3, 0.45, and 0.6 mg/kg (Clin Pharmacokinet 2017;56:1543-1554). In preparation for receiving psilocybin, eligible healthy adults had between 6 and 8 hours of counseling prior to receiving their dosing. Psilocybin administration was performed at monthly intervals in a controlled environment with 24-hour monitoring. In some participants, an extended elimination phase was noted; this was postulated to be due to the hydrolysis of a key psilocin metabolite. An important observation was the fact that variability in psilocin clearance was not predicted by body weight. Importantly, no serious adverse events were noted during the course of this study. Using the pharmacokinetic parameters obtained, a 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin would produce a drug exposure that approximated the 0.3 mg/kg oral dose utilized in this study. Importantly, no serious physical or psychological effects were noted during or up to 30 days after any dose, even at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg, which is roughly double that likely to be used in a clinical setting. Future Studies A randomized, double-blind phase II clinical study (NCT03866174), which is being sponsored by the Usona Institute, is planned to include 80 participants from 21 to 65 years old who meet the criteria for major depressive disorder as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Stratification will be performed according to study site, with participants being randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a single oral dose of either 25 mg psilocybin or placebo (100 mg niacin). “The GMP quality psilocybin that will be used in this study was synthesized in a laboratory and does not come from mushrooms,” Richards noted. The primary outcome in this study is the difference in the centrally rated Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score between baseline and day 8 post-dose. This clinican-rated scale is designed to measure depression severity and to detect changes resulting from antidepressant therapy. The MADRS consists of 10 items, each being scored from 0 (if the item is not present or normal) to 6 (severe or continuous presence of the symptoms); with this scale, a higher score represents a more severe condition. Among the MADRS-derived secondary outcomes in this study were change in a centrally rated MADRS score from baseline to day 43 post-dose; sustained depressive symptom response, which is defined as a 50 percent or greater reduction from baseline in the centrally rated MADRS score at all post-dose assessments (at days 8, 15, 29, and 43 post-dose); and sustained depressive symptom remission, which is defined as a centrally rated MADRS score 10 or less at all post-dose assessments (at days 8, 15, 29, and 43 post-dose). An additional secondary outcome is the difference in the local investigator-assessed Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) scores between baseline and day 43 post-dose. The SDS, which consists of three self-rated items, is designed to gauge the degree to which a patient's life is affected by psychiatric symptoms, including depression. The study is estimated to start in September 2019 and expected to be completed by February 2021. In another phase IIb clinical study (NCT03775200), the safety and efficacy of psilocybin is being evaluated in patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. This trial, which is being conducted at treatment centers in North America and Europe, is planned to include 216 patients from 18 to 55 years of age. This study, which is quadruple-masked (patient, care provider, investigator, and outcomes assessor), includes three different treatment arms: low-dose psilocybin, medium-dose psilocybin, and high-dose psilocybin. The primary outcome measure in this trial is the MADRS, measured up to 12 weeks after dosing. Discussion When asked about his background with psilocybin therapy for cancer patients, Richards replied, “I treated my first cancer patient with psilocybin in 1967. Over the years, the responses that I have noted in cancer patients who have received psilocybin-based psychedelic therapy combined with counseling have been remarkably transformative.” Richards explained the procedure for prospective candidates receiving psychedelic therapy. “First, potential candidates for this therapy are screened to determine if this therapy would be appropriate for them. Next, the patient undergoes a total of 6-8 hours of counseling prior to being dosed with psilocybin. This counseling is extremely important, as it develops a sense of trust with the staff that will be present with the patient when they are under the influence of psilocybin, as well as prepare the participants for what they may experience during the dosing session. “It is essential that the patient establish a significant level of trust with the individuals who will be with them during the action of psilocybin, as that will put them at ease and allow them to be more open to their unfolding inner experiences; the ability to be at ease and open to the alternative states of consciousness is of paramount importance for the patient to derive the most benefit from the agent. Many [bad experiences] are often the result of the patient trying to be in control of the psychedelic experiences instead of allowing them to follow their own course.” Regarding the results he has personally observed, Richards stated, “The outcomes observed in our studies have been significantly transformative, with many patients showing positive effects many months after a single dose of psilocybin. In many instances, not only does the terminal cancer patient lose their fear of death, but they will actually take on the role of a counselor and help those grieving in their families to cope with their impending mortality. “The main thing that I would like to convey to clinicians is that the transformation that psilocybin ushers forth, which is often several months in length, is drawn from the patient's long-term memory, not the result of any lingering compound present in their system or continuing drug administration. When asked why psilocybin was still listed as a Schedule I substance, Richards replied rhetorically, “Now that is a very profound question, isn't it? The University of Wisconsin study showed that, in healthy adults, no serious psychological or physical effects were observed up to 30 days after dosing, even at supratherapeutic levels. “In terms of abuse potential, psilocybin is absolutely not habit-forming, does not result in physical dependence even with repeated use, and in my opinion has much less risk for overuse than the opioids which are routinely prescribed for pain management. That having been said, it is crucial that when someone takes psilocybin that they are in a safe environment in the company of appropriately trained professionals who can ensure their personal safety.” Summarizing, Richards stated, “Now is a very exciting time to be doing psychedelic research using psilocybin; the FDA's granting of Breakthrough Therapy designation for psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression is a noteworthy milestone which may eventually lead to the removal of its Schedule I classification. “I am hopeful that the results that have been obtained for cancer patients with psilocybin therapy and counseling may serve as a springboard to apply this treatment to others in need.” Richard Simoneaux is a contributing writer. Read This Article & Earn CME or CNE! Earn continuing education credit by completing a quiz about this article. You may read the article here or on our website, then complete the quiz, answering at least 70 percent of the questions correctly to earn credit. CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION INFORMATION FOR PHYSICIANS Visit http://CME.LWW.com for more information about this educational offering and to complete the CME activity. This enduring material is available to physicians in all specialties. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. This activity expires June 30, 2021. The cost of the exam is $10. The payment covers processing and certificate fees. PROVIDER ACCREDITATION INFORMATION FOR NURSES Lippincott Professional Development (LPD) will award 1.0 contact hour for this continuing nursing education activity. LPD is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP11749 for 1.0 contact hour. LWW is also an approved provider by the District of Columbia, Georgia, and Florida CE Broker #50-1223. Visit www.nursingcenter.com/ce for more information and to complete the CNE activity. Fee: $12.95. Deadline: June 4, 2021 For nurses who wish to take the test for CE contact hours, visit www.nursingcenter.com/ce. Learning Objectives for This Month's CME Activity: After participating in this CME/CNE activity, readers should be better able to: 1. Analyze outcomes observed in various studies that used psilocybin for patients with terminal cancer. 2.Outline the goals of future research that will treat terminal cancer patients with psilocybin. Disclosure: The author(s), faculty, staff, and planners, including spouses/partners (if any), in any position to control the content of this activity have disclosed that they have no financial relationships with, or financial interests in, any commercial companies relevant to this educational activity.", "journal": "Oncology Times", "publication_date": "2019-06-27", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1097/01.cot.0000574916.46844.cf", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000574916.46844.cf", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), Cancer, Medicine, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Psychology, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2956046898\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2956046898\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070426634\",\"display_name\":\"Richard Simoneaux\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3505-057X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210170078\",\"source_display_name\":\"Oncology Times\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000574916.46844.cf\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2956046898" }, { "id": 2319, "title": "Enzymatic Route toward 6-Methylated Baeocystin and Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "enzymatic route toward 6 methylated baeocystin and psilocybin", "authors": "Janis Fricke, Alexander M. Sherwood, Robert B. Kargbo, Andrew Orry, Felix Blei, Andreas Naschberger, Bernhard Rupp, Dirk Hoffmeister", "abstract": "Psilocybin and its direct precursor baeocystin are indole alkaloids of psychotropic Psilocybe mushrooms. The pharmaceutical interest in psilocybin as a treatment option against depression and anxiety is currently being investigated in advanced clinical trials. Here, we report a biocatalytic route to synthesize 6-methylated psilocybin and baeocystin from 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-l-tryptophan, which was decarboxylated and phosphorylated by the Psilocybe cubensis biosynthesis enzymes PsiD and PsiK. N-Methylation was catalyzed by PsiM. We further present an in silico structural model of PsiM that revealed a well-conserved SAM-binding core along with peripheral nonconserved elements that likely govern substrate preferences.", "journal": "ChemBioChem", "publication_date": "2019-05-30", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1002/cbic.201900358", "pubmed_id": "31150155", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201900358", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Enzyme, Indole test, Methylation, Chemistry, In silico, Biochemistry, Stereochemistry, Pharmacology, Biology, Hallucinogen, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":38,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W212243276\",\"https://openalex.org/W1533883995\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970015753\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981598408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010624998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012142575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027638447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029087609\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037938638\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042374413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064468738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078935756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100071542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126698385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158122637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2542493272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585110642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775417640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2798565539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801007779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804822363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885449523\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900385456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252891280\",\"https://openalex.org/W6600158986\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046057419\",\"display_name\":\"Janis Fricke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-3185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003667568\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Orry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088811388\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Blei\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3190-8684\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042780550\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Naschberger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7275-5459\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068638612\",\"display_name\":\"Bernhard Rupp\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-6965\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S154285657\",\"source_display_name\":\"ChemBioChem\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201900358\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Epigenetics,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2948005519" }, { "id": 2329, "title": "Self-Rated Effectiveness of Microdosing With Psychedelics for Mental and Physical Health Problems Among Microdosers.", "normalized_title": "self rated effectiveness of microdosing with psychedelics for mental and physical health problems among microdosers", "authors": "Hutten NRPW, Mason NL, Dolder PC, Kuypers KPC", "abstract": "There is a growing interest in the use of psychedelic substances for health related purposes, including symptom relief for disorders like anxiety, depression, and pain. Although the focus of recent clinical trials has been on high doses of these substances, anecdotal evidence suggests that low (micro) doses are also effective, and may be more suitable for certain conditions. Nonetheless, empirical evidence regarding the efficacy of microdosing with psychedelics for symptomatic relief is lacking. The present study aimed to investigate, by means of an online questionnaire, the self-rated effectiveness (SRE) of microdosing with psychedelics (MDP) for mental and physiological disorders compared to the conventional prescribed treatment and to regular doses of psychedelics. An online questionnaire was launched on several websites and fora between March and July 2018. Respondents who had consented, were 18 years of age or older, had experience with microdosing and were diagnosed with at least one mental or physiological disorder by a medical doctor or therapist ( = 410; 7.2%) were included in the analyses. Odds ratio were calculated to compare the SRE of MDP with conventional treatment, and regular psychedelic doses for mental and physiological diagnoses for each of the three effectiveness questions (\"Did it work,\" \"Symptom disappear,\" \"Quality of life improved\"). Odds ratio showed that SRE of MDP was significantly higher compared to that of conventional treatments for both mental and physiological diagnoses; and that these effects were specific for ADHD/ADD and anxiety disorders. In contrast, SRE of MDP was lower compared to that of higher, regular psychedelic doses for mental disorders such as anxiety and depression, while for physiological disorders no difference was shown. This study demonstrates that SRE of MDP to alleviate symptoms of a range of mental or physiological diagnoses is higher compared to conventionally offered treatment options, and lower than regular ('full') psychedelic doses. Future RCTs in patient populations should objectively assess the effectivity claims of psychedelics, and whether these are dose related, disorder specific, and superior to conventional treatments.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2018-12-31", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00672", "pubmed_id": "31572246", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31572246/", "keywords": "LSD, efficacy, microdosing, psilocybin, psychedelics, self-medication, symptom alleviation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:40", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"31572246\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2361, "title": "Production Options for Psilocybin: Making of the Magic.", "normalized_title": "production options for psilocybin making of the magic", "authors": "Fricke J, Lenz C, Wick J, Blei F, Hoffmeister D.", "abstract": "The fungal genus Psilocybe and other genera comprise numerous mushroom species that biosynthesize psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine). It represents the prodrug to its dephosphorylated psychotropic analogue, psilocin. The colloquial term \"magic mushrooms\" for these fungi alludes to their hallucinogenic effects and to their use as recreational drugs. However, clinical trials have recognized psilocybin as a valuable candidate to be developed into a medication against depression and anxiety. We here highlight its recently elucidated biosynthesis, the concurrently developed concept of enzymatic in vitro and heterologous in vivo production, along with previous synthetic routes. The prospect of psilocybin as a promising therapeutic may entail an increased demand, which can be met by biotechnological production. Therefore, we also briefly touch on psilocybin's therapeutic relevance and pharmacology.", "journal": "Chemistry - A European Journal", "publication_date": "2018-11-14", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1002/chem.201802758", "pubmed_id": "30011099", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201802758", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30011099\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":52,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1533883995\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966988083\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999999921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004626255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010624998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011094444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012142575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018061252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064468738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072796170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074715304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088990812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094947385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102284364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112496846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126698385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143851206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154524838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2256742438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2297439341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2331665176\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2465873216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2562613841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753941774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775417640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950394635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951809594\",\"https://openalex.org/W4239785504\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046057419\",\"display_name\":\"Janis Fricke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-3185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103876089\",\"display_name\":\"Claudius Lenz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026941467\",\"display_name\":\"Jonas Wick\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088811388\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Blei\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3190-8684\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S68911691\",\"source_display_name\":\"Chemistry - A European Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201802758\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2884828036" }, { "id": 2380, "title": "DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Ibogaine.", "normalized_title": "dark classics in chemical neuroscience ibogaine", "authors": "Wasko MJ, Witt-Enderby PA, Surratt CK.", "abstract": "The West African iboga plant has been used for centuries by the Bwiti and Mbiri tribes to induce hallucinations during religious ceremonies. Ibogaine, the principal alkaloid responsible for iboga's psychedelic properties, was isolated and sold as an antidepressant in France for decades before its adverse effects precipitated its removal from the market. An ibogaine resurgence in the 1960s was driven by U.S. heroin addicts who claimed that ibogaine cured their opiate addictions. Behavioral pharmacologic studies in animal models provided evidence that ibogaine could blunt self-administration of not only opiates but cocaine, amphetamines, and nicotine. Ibogaine displays moderate-to-weak affinities for a wide spectrum of receptor and transporter proteins; recent work suggests that its actions at nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes may underlie its reputed antiopiate effects. At micromolar levels, ibogaine is neurotoxic and cardiotoxic and has been linked to several deaths by cardiac arrest. Structure-activity studies led to the isolation of the ibogaine analog 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), an α3β4 nicotinic receptor modulator that retains ibogaine's anticraving properties with few or no adverse effects. Clinical trials of 18-MC treatment of nicotine addiction are pending. Ibogaine analogs may also hold promise for treating anxiety and depression via the \"psychedelic-assisted therapy\" approach that employs hallucinogens including psilocybin and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (\"ecstasy\").", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-10-08", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00294", "pubmed_id": "30216039", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00294", "keywords": "Humans, Tabernaemontana, Substance-Related Disorders, Ibogaine, Receptors, Nicotinic, Hallucinogens, Structure-Activity Relationship, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Cardiotoxicity", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30216039\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2394, "title": "Therapeutic use of classic psychedelics to treat cancer-related psychiatric distress.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic use of classic psychedelics to treat cancer related psychiatric distress", "authors": "Ross S.", "abstract": "Cancer is highly prevalent and one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Psychological and existential suffering is common in cancer patients, associated with poor psychiatric and medical outcomes. Promising early-phase clinical research (1960s to early 1970s) suggested a therapeutic signal for serotoninergic psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin, LSD) in treating cancer-related psychiatric distress. After several decades of quiescence, research on psychedelic-assisted therapy to treat psychiatric disorders in cancer patients has resumed within the last 2 decades in the US and Europe. This review article is based on a systematic search of clinical trials from 1960-2018 researching the therapeutic use of psychedelic treatment in patients with serious or terminal illnesses and related psychiatric illness. The search found 10 eligible clinical trials, with a total of 445 participants, with the vast majority of the patients having advanced or terminal cancer diagnoses. Six open label trials, published between 1964 and 1980 (n = 341), suggested that psychedelic therapy (mostly with LSD) may improve cancer-related depression, anxiety, and fear of death. Four RCTs trials were published between 2011 and 2016 (n = 104), mostly with psilocybin treatment (n = 92), and demonstrated that psychedelic-assisted treatment can produce rapid, robust, and sustained improvements in cancer-related psychological and existential distress.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-08-12", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1080/09540261.2018.1482261", "pubmed_id": "30102082", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1482261", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Serotonin Antagonists, Hallucinogens, Depression, Stress, Psychological, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30102082\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2383, "title": "Psychedelics and Personality.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and personality", "authors": "Aixalà M, Dos Santos RG, Hallak JEC, Bouso JC.", "abstract": "In the past decade, an increasing number of clinical trials are reporting evidence that psychedelics or serotonergic hallucinogens (such as lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, and ayahuasca/dimethyltryptamine) could be effective in the treatment of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders. The mechanisms responsible for these effects are not fully understood but seem to involve changes in bran dynamics in areas rich in serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors and in personality. In the present text, we present a brief and critical overview of the current research in this field, pointing out both promises and limitations of these studies.", "journal": "ACS Chemical Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2018-06-03", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00237", "pubmed_id": "29863323", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00237", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Substance-Related Disorders, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Plant Preparations, Personality, Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29863323\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2805186158\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2805186158\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":14,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2546678366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790959730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084562532\",\"display_name\":\"Marc Aixalà\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058075680\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael G. dos Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2388-4745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102785969\",\"display_name\":\"Jaime E. C. Hallak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-0189\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032347558\",\"display_name\":\"José Carlos Bouso\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-9407\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S180465690\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Chemical Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00237\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Personality Change,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2805186158" }, { "id": 2384, "title": "Dark Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD).", "normalized_title": "dark classics in chemical neuroscience lysergic acid diethylamide lsd", "authors": "Nichols DE.", "abstract": "Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is one of the most potent psychoactive agents known, producing dramatic alterations of consciousness after submilligram (≥20 μg) oral doses. Following the accidental discovery of its potent psychoactive effects in 1943, it was supplied by Sandoz Laboratories as an experimental drug that might be useful as an adjunct for psychotherapy, or to give psychiatrists insight into the mental processes in their patients. The finding of serotonin in the mammalian brain in 1953, and its structural resemblance to LSD, quickly led to ideas that serotonin in the brain might be involved in mental disorders, initiating rapid research interest in the neurochemistry of serotonin. LSD proved to be physiologically very safe and nonaddictive, with a very low incidence of adverse events when used in controlled experiments. Widely hailed by psychiatry as a breakthrough in the 1950s and early 1960s, clinical research with LSD ended by about 1970, when it was formally placed into Schedule 1 of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 following its growing popularity as a recreational drug. Within the past 5 years, clinical research with LSD has begun in Europe, but there has been none in the United States. LSD is proving to be a powerful tool to help understand brain dynamics when combined with modern brain imaging methods. It remains to be seen whether therapeutic value for LSD can be confirmed in controlled clinical trials, but promising results have been obtained in small pilot trials of depression, anxiety, and addictions using psilocybin, a related psychedelic molecule.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-02-28", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00043", "pubmed_id": "29461039", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00043", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Research, Drug and Narcotic Control, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, United States, Europe", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29461039\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2422, "title": "The Psychedelic Debriefing in Alcohol Dependence Treatment: Illustrating Key Change Phenomena through Qualitative Content Analysis of Clinical Sessions.", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic debriefing in alcohol dependence treatment illustrating key change phenomena through qualitative content analysis of clinical sessions", "authors": "Nielson EM, May DG, Forcehimes AA, Bogenschutz MP.", "abstract": "Research on the clinical applications of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has demonstrated promising early results for treatment of alcohol dependence. Detailed description of the content and methods of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, as it is conducted in clinical settings, is scarce. Methods: An open-label pilot (proof-of-concept) study of psilocybin-assisted treatment of alcohol dependence (NCT01534494) was conducted to generate data for a phase 2 RCT (NCT02061293) of a similar treatment in a larger population. The present paper presents a qualitative content analysis of the 17 debriefing sessions conducted in the pilot study, which occurred the day after corresponding psilocybin medication sessions. Results: Participants articulated a series of key phenomena related to change in drinking outcomes and acute subjective effects of psilocybin. Discussion: The data illuminate change processes in patients' own words during clinical sessions, shedding light on potential therapeutic mechanisms of change and how participants express effects of psilocybin. This study is unique in analyzing actual clinical sessions, as opposed to interviews of patients conducted separately from treatment.", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2018-02-20", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2018.00132", "pubmed_id": "29515449", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00132", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29515449\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2793096639\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2793096639\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":110,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W62922542\",\"https://openalex.org/W436832653\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996607457\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999556231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001298144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010322651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020525889\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038244408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052341973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056680548\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060882917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087265397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117834601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120356707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136435696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142225512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154766235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2221092372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2281900567\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319439902\",\"https://openalex.org/W2320275590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2333536875\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2577034209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2583277970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2734455806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768082096\",\"https://openalex.org/W6644777155\",\"https://openalex.org/W6677819859\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087298757\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth M. Nielson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-4558\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015373046\",\"display_name\":\"Darrick G. May\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075574900\",\"display_name\":\"Alyssa A. Forcehimes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00132\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2793096639" }, { "id": 2423, "title": "Clinical Interpretations of Patient Experience in a Trial of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder.", "normalized_title": "clinical interpretations of patient experience in a trial of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Bogenschutz MP, Podrebarac SK, Duane JH, Amegadzie SS, Malone TC, Owens LT, Ross S, Mennenga SE.", "abstract": "After a hiatus of some 40 years, clinical research has resumed on the use of classic hallucinogens to treat addiction. Following completion of a small open-label feasibility study, we are currently conducting a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of psilocybin-assisted treatment of alcohol use disorder. Although treatment effects cannot be analyzed until the study is complete, descriptive case studies provide a useful window into the therapeutic process of psychedelic-assisted treatment of addiction. Here we describe treatment trajectories of three participants in the ongoing trial to illustrate the range of experiences and persisting effects of psilocybin treatment. Although it is difficult to generalize from a few cases, several qualitative conclusions can be drawn from the data presented here. Although participants often find it difficult to describe much of their psilocybin experience, pivotal moments tend to be individualized, extremely vivid, and memorable. Often, the qualitative content extends beyond the clinical problem that is being addressed. The participants discussed in this paper experienced acute and lasting alterations in their perceptions of self, in the quality of their baseline consciousness, and in their relationship with alcohol and drinking. In these cases, experiences of catharsis, forgiveness, self-compassion, and love were at least as salient as classic mystical content. Finally, feelings of increased \"spaciousness\" or mindfulness, and increased control over choices and behavior were reported following the drug administration sessions. Ultimately, psilocybin-assisted treatment appears to elicit experiences that are extremely variable, yet seem to meet the particular needs of the individual.", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2018-02-19", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2018.00100", "pubmed_id": "29515439", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00100", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29515439\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":124,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973814761\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W3026821888\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196761093\",\"https://openalex.org/W6701860232\",\"https://openalex.org/W6728686129\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082919402\",\"display_name\":\"Samantha K. Podrebarac\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043131037\",\"display_name\":\"Jessie H. Duane\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8928-1069\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002868274\",\"display_name\":\"Sean S. Amegadzie\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072909845\",\"display_name\":\"Tara C. Malone\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025551503\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey T. Owens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-5209\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00100\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Consciousness,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2788524689" }, { "id": 2431, "title": "Quality of Acute Psychedelic Experience Predicts Therapeutic Efficacy of Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "quality of acute psychedelic experience predicts therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Roseman L, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Introduction: It is a basic principle of the \"psychedelic\" treatment model that the quality of the acute experience mediates long-term improvements in mental health. In the present paper we sought to test this using data from a clinical trial assessing psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In line with previous reports, we hypothesized that the occurrence and magnitude of Oceanic Boundlessness (OBN) (sharing features with mystical-type experience) and Dread of Ego Dissolution (DED) (similar to anxiety) would predict long-term positive outcomes, whereas sensory perceptual effects would have negligible predictive value. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with treatment resistant depression underwent treatment with psilocybin (two separate sessions: 10 and 25 mg psilocybin). The Altered States of Consciousness (ASC) questionnaire was used to assess the quality of experiences in the 25 mg psilocybin session. From the ASC, the dimensions OBN and DED were used to measure the mystical-type and challenging experiences, respectively. The Self-Reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR) at 5 weeks served as the endpoint clinical outcome measure, as in later time points some of the subjects had gone on to receive new treatments, thus confounding inferences. In a repeated measure ANOVA, Time was the within-subject factor (independent variable), with QIDS-SR as the within-subject dependent variable in baseline, 1-day, 1-week, 5-weeks. OBN and DED were independent variables. OBN-by-Time and DED-by-Time interactions were the primary outcomes of interest. Results: For the interaction of OBN and DED with Time (QIDS-SR as dependent variable), the main effect and the effects at each time point compared to baseline were all significant (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively, for main effects), confirming our main hypothesis. Furthermore, Pearson's correlation of OBN with QIDS-SR (5 weeks) was specific compared to perceptual dimensions of the ASC (p < 0.05). Discussion: This report further bolsters the view that the quality of the acute psychedelic experience is a key mediator of long-term changes in mental health. Future therapeutic work with psychedelics should recognize the essential importance of quality of experience in determining treatment efficacy and consider ways of enhancing mystical-type experiences and reducing anxiety. Trial Registration: ISRCTN, number ISRCTN14426797, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14426797.", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2018-01-16", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2017.00974", "pubmed_id": "29387009", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00974", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29387009\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":810,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W22529605\",\"https://openalex.org/W156478726\",\"https://openalex.org/W593791618\",\"https://openalex.org/W1595981698\",\"https://openalex.org/W1603509204\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964116811\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978737075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000701936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005037843\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053764826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057217347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063166841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078153416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085691122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097137621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100230238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100532211\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104815889\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111139037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113034208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121291806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124796048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138494388\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141217193\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2174440411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271159760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312466253\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312675623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2320952994\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325207359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328159225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411929905\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473123625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2491739703\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2579967741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598155337\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605399484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949283084\",\"https://openalex.org/W3026821888\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165788955\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196761093\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229920826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4235997898\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237844050\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301064750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302573313\",\"https://openalex.org/W6674709811\",\"https://openalex.org/W6676972896\",\"https://openalex.org/W6680484967\",\"https://openalex.org/W6701860232\",\"https://openalex.org/W6725266695\",\"https://openalex.org/W6795740211\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00974\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Consciousness,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2792444257" }, { "id": 5176, "title": "Cancer at the Dinner Table: Experiences of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Cancer-Related Psychological Distress", "normalized_title": "cancer at the dinner table experiences of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of cancer related psychological distress", "authors": "Thomas Cody Swift", "abstract": "Recent clinical trials have shown promising results in the use of psilocybin and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy to alleviate end-of-life anxiety in those life-threatening illnesses or experiencing end-of-life anxiety. This session will share some of those results. Below are links to the qualitative paper shared at the conference, as well as two short videos of the clinical trial participants: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0022167817715966 https://vimeo.com/122267529 https://vimeo.com/122278721", "journal": "Western CEDAR (Western Washington University)", "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://cedar.wwu.edu/pci/lectures_events/holistic_pain_management/3", "keywords": "Cancer, Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Distress, Psychology, Psychological distress, Table (database), Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Mental health, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Computer science, Data mining, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:02", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2911249940\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2911249940\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002580794\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Cody Swift\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196384\",\"source_display_name\":\"Western CEDAR (Western Washington University)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://cedar.wwu.edu/pci/lectures_events/holistic_pain_management/3\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2911249940" }, { "id": 2441, "title": "Therapeutic Applications of Classic Hallucinogens.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic applications of classic hallucinogens", "authors": "Bogenschutz MP, Ross S.", "abstract": "This chapter reviews what is known about the therapeutic uses of the serotonergic or classic hallucinogens, i.e., psychoactive drugs such as LSD and psilocybin that exert their effects primarily through agonist activity at serotonin 2A (5HT2A) receptors. Following a review of the history of human use and scientific study of these drugs, the data from clinical research are summarized, including extensive work on the use of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of alcoholism and other addictions, studies of the use of LSD and psilocybin to relieve distress concerning death, particularly in patients with advanced or terminal cancer, and more limited data concerning the use of classic hallucinogens to treat mood and anxiety disorders. A survey of possible mechanisms of clinically relevant effects is provided. The well-established safety of classic hallucinogens is reviewed. To provide a clinical perspective, case summaries are provided of two individuals who received treatment in recent controlled trials of psilocybin: one being treated for alcoholism, the other suffering from anxiety and depression related to fear of death due to a cancer diagnosis. Although promising early phase research conducted from the 1950s through the early 1970s was discontinued before firm conclusions could be reached concerning the efficacy of any of the classic hallucinogens for any clinical condition, the research that was conducted in that era strongly suggests that classic hallucinogens have clinically relevant effects, particularly in the case of LSD treatment of alcoholism. In the past decade, clinical trials have resumed investigating the effects of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of existential distress in the face of cancer, and in the treatment of addictions including alcoholism and nicotine addiction. The studies that have been completed to date are not sufficient to establish efficacy, but the outcomes have been very encouraging, and larger trials, up to and including phase 3, are now underway or being planned. Although research has elucidated many of the acute neurobiological and psychological effects of classic hallucinogens on humans, animals, and in vitro systems, the mechanisms of clinically relevant persisting effects remain poorly understood.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2016_464", "pubmed_id": "28512684", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_464", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Death, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28512684\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,In Vitro Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2435, "title": "Serotonergic Psychedelics: Experimental Approaches for Assessing Mechanisms of Action.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic psychedelics experimental approaches for assessing mechanisms of action", "authors": "Canal CE.", "abstract": "Recent, well-controlled - albeit small-scale - clinical trials show that serotonergic psychedelics, including psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide, possess great promise for treating psychiatric disorders, including treatment-resistant depression. Additionally, fresh results from a deluge of clinical neuroimaging studies are unveiling the dynamic effects of serotonergic psychedelics on functional activity within, and connectivity across, discrete neural systems. These observations have led to testable hypotheses regarding neural processing mechanisms that contribute to psychedelic effects and therapeutic benefits. Despite these advances and a plethora of preclinical and clinical observations supporting a central role for brain serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in producing serotonergic psychedelic effects, lingering and new questions about mechanisms abound. These chiefly pertain to molecular neuropharmacology. This chapter is devoted to illuminating and discussing such questions in the context of preclinical experimental approaches for studying mechanisms of action of serotonergic psychedelics, classic and new.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/164_2018_107", "pubmed_id": "29532180", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_107", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29532180\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2789541163" }, { "id": 2377, "title": "Psychiatry & the psychedelic drugs. Past, present & future.", "normalized_title": "psychiatry the psychedelic drugs past present future", "authors": "Rucker JJH, Iliff J, Nutt DJ.", "abstract": "The classical psychedelic drugs, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide and mescaline, were used extensively in psychiatry before they were placed in Schedule I of the UN Convention on Drugs in 1967. Experimentation and clinical trials undertaken prior to legal sanction suggest that they are not helpful for those with established psychotic disorders and should be avoided in those liable to develop them. However, those with so-called 'psychoneurotic' disorders sometimes benefited considerably from their tendency to 'loosen' otherwise fixed, maladaptive patterns of cognition and behaviour, particularly when given in a supportive, therapeutic setting. Pre-prohibition studies in this area were sub-optimal, although a recent systematic review in unipolar mood disorder and a meta-analysis in alcoholism have both suggested efficacy. The incidence of serious adverse events appears to be low. Since 2006, there have been several pilot trials and randomised controlled trials using psychedelics (mostly psilocybin) in various non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. These have provided encouraging results that provide initial evidence of safety and efficacy, however the regulatory and legal hurdles to licensing psychedelics as medicines are formidable. This paper summarises clinical trials using psychedelics pre and post prohibition, discusses the methodological challenges of performing good quality trials in this area and considers a strategic approach to the legal and regulatory barriers to licensing psychedelics as a treatment in mainstream psychiatry. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Psychedelics: New Doors, Altered Perceptions'.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-12-24", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.040", "pubmed_id": "29284138", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.040", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychiatry, Clinical Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29284138\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2446, "title": "Pharmacokinetics of Escalating Doses of Oral Psilocybin in Healthy Adults.", "normalized_title": "pharmacokinetics of escalating doses of oral psilocybin in healthy adults", "authors": "Brown RT, Nicholas CR, Cozzi NV, Gassman MC, Cooper KM, Muller D, Thomas CD, Hetzel SJ, Henriquez KM, Ribaudo AS, Hutson PR.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin is a psychedelic tryptamine that has shown promise in recent clinical trials for the treatment of depression and substance use disorders. This open-label study of the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin was performed to describe the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of psilocybin in sequential, escalating oral doses of 0.3, 0.45, and 0.6 mg/kg in 12 healthy adults.MethodsEligible healthy adults received 6-8 h of preparatory counseling in anticipation of the first dose of psilocybin. The escalating oral psilocybin doses were administered at approximately monthly intervals in a controlled setting and subjects were monitored for 24 h. Blood and urine samples were collected over 24 h and assayed by a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for psilocybin and psilocin, the active metabolite. The pharmacokinetics of psilocin were determined using both compartmental (NONMEM) and noncompartmental (WinNonlin) methods.ResultsNo psilocybin was found in plasma or urine, and renal clearance of intact psilocin accounted for less than 2% of the total clearance. The pharmacokinetics of psilocin were linear within the twofold range of doses, and the elimination half-life of psilocin was 3 h (standard deviation 1.1). An extended elimination phase in some subjects suggests hydrolysis of the psilocin glucuronide metabolite. Variation in psilocin clearance was not predicted by body weight, and no serious adverse events occurred in the subjects studied.ConclusionsThe small amount of psilocin renally excreted suggests that no dose reduction is needed for subjects with mild-moderate renal impairment. Simulation of fixed doses using the pharmacokinetic parameters suggest that an oral dose of 25 mg should approximate the drug exposure of a 0.3 mg/kg oral dose of psilocybin. Although doses of 0.6 mg/kg are in excess of likely therapeutic doses, no serious physical or psychological events occurred during or within 30 days of any dose.Clinical trials identifierNCT02163707.", "journal": "Clinical Pharmacokinetics", "publication_date": "2017-11-30", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/s40262-017-0540-6", "pubmed_id": "28353056", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-017-0540-6", "keywords": "Humans, Glucuronides, Hallucinogens, Chromatography, Liquid, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Nonlinear Dynamics, Half-Life, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Young Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28353056\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":188,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W105671925\",\"https://openalex.org/W1510556999\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979963125\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989525615\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989596270\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999521622\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066464642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083668821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089436854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148412563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161446377\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293035635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725188872\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071605998\",\"display_name\":\"Randall Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5445-8119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043044020\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher R. Nicholas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-4046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037184848\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas V. Cozzi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-6063\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051969488\",\"display_name\":\"Michele Gassman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-2976\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023584205\",\"display_name\":\"Karen M. Cooper\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Daniel Muller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067372536\",\"display_name\":\"Chantelle Thomas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007698239\",\"display_name\":\"Scott Hetzel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-2959\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017658689\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey M. Henriquez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056941547\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandra S. Ribaudo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088507656\",\"display_name\":\"Paul R. Hutson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-7096\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S69290020\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Pharmacokinetics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-017-0540-6\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2600624779" }, { "id": 2427, "title": "Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: six-month follow-up.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin with psychological support for treatment resistant depression six month follow up", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Bolstridge M, Day CMJ, Rucker J, Watts R, Erritzoe DE, Kaelen M, Giribaldi B, Bloomfield M, Pilling S, Rickard JA, Forbes B, Feilding A, Taylor D, Curran HV, Nutt DJ.", "abstract": "RationaleRecent clinical trials are reporting marked improvements in mental health outcomes with psychedelic drug-assisted psychotherapy.ObjectivesHere, we report on safety and efficacy outcomes for up to 6 months in an open-label trial of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.MethodsTwenty patients (six females) with (mostly) severe, unipolar, treatment-resistant major depression received two oral doses of psilocybin (10 and 25 mg, 7 days apart) in a supportive setting. Depressive symptoms were assessed from 1 week to 6 months post-treatment, with the self-rated QIDS-SR16 as the primary outcome measure.ResultsTreatment was generally well tolerated. Relative to baseline, marked reductions in depressive symptoms were observed for the first 5 weeks post-treatment (Cohen's d = 2.2 at week 1 and 2.3 at week 5, both p", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2017-11-07", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x", "pubmed_id": "29119217", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Follow-Up Studies, Feasibility Studies, Double-Blind Method, Time Factors, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Psychosocial Support Systems", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29119217\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":976,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1144621943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988444307\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005066505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015666695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024075080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100532211\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100834566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107232050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107743363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111920357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148560706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2224635535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2502147470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2511532223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2586756570\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073080173\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Bolstridge\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109366794\",\"display_name\":\"Camilla Day\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110514937\",\"display_name\":\"R. Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058082561\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Bloomfield\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1972-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049702763\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Pilling\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-8202\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065550029\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Rickard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-6025\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083073338\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Forbes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071332026\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Feilding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014436895\",\"display_name\":\"David Taylor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-1710\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061200799\",\"display_name\":\"Valerie H. Curran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-5214\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113636502\",\"display_name\":\"D.J. Nutt\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2767530231" }, { "id": 2449, "title": "Psychedelic Drugs in Biomedicine.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs in biomedicine", "authors": "Kyzar EJ, Nichols CD, Gainetdinov RR, Nichols DE, Kalueff AV.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, and psilocybin, exert profound effects on brain and behavior. After decades of difficulties in studying these compounds, psychedelics are again being tested as potential treatments for intractable biomedical disorders. Preclinical research of psychedelics complements human neuroimaging studies and pilot clinical trials, suggesting these compounds as promising treatments for addiction, depression, anxiety, and other conditions. However, many questions regarding the mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy of psychedelics remain. Here, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical data in this field, discuss their pharmacological mechanisms of action, and outline critical areas for future studies of psychedelic drugs, with the goal of maximizing the potential benefits of translational psychedelic biomedicine to patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-09-21", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1016/j.tips.2017.08.003", "pubmed_id": "28947075", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2017.08.003", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Psychophysiology, Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28947075\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2424, "title": "Serotonergic hallucinogens in the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients suffering from a life-threatening disease: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic hallucinogens in the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients suffering from a life threatening disease a systematic review", "authors": "Reiche S, Hermle L, Gutwinski S, Jungaberle H, Gasser P, Majić T.", "abstract": "Anxiety and depression are some of the most common psychiatric symptoms of patients suffering with life-threatening diseases, often associated with a low quality of life and a poor overall prognosis. 5-HT2A-receptor agonists (serotonergic hallucinogens, 'psychedelics') like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin were first investigated as therapeutic agents in the 1960s. Recently, after a long hiatus period of regulatory obstacles, interest in the clinical use of these substances has resumed. The current article provides a systematic review of studies investigating psychedelics in the treatment of symptoms of existential distress in life-threatening diseases across different periods of research, highlighting how underlying concepts have developed over time. A systematic search for clinical trials from 1960 to 2017 revealed 11 eligible clinical trials involving a total number of N=445 participants, of which 7 trials investigated the use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (N=323), 3 trials investigated the use of psilocybin (N=92), and one trial investigated the use of dipropyltryptamine (DPT) (N=30). The 4 more recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (N=104) showed a significantly higher methodological quality than studies carried out in the 1960s and 1970s. Evidence supports that patients with life threatening diseases associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety benefit from the anxiolytic and antidepressant properties of serotonergic hallucinogens. Some studies anecdotally reported improvements in patients´ quality of life and reduced fear of death. Moreover, low rates of side effects were reported in studies that adhered to safety guidelines. Further studies are needed to determine how these results can be transferred into clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-09-21", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.09.012", "pubmed_id": "28947181", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.09.012", "keywords": "Humans, Critical Illness, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Clinical Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28947181\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2464, "title": "Qualitative and Quantitative Features of Music Reported to Support Peak Mystical Experiences during Psychedelic Therapy Sessions.", "normalized_title": "qualitative and quantitative features of music reported to support peak mystical experiences during psychedelic therapy sessions", "authors": "Barrett FS, Robbins H, Smooke D, Brown JL, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a classic (serotonergic) hallucinogen (\"psychedelic\" drug) that may occasion mystical experiences (characterized by a profound feeling of oneness or unity) during acute effects. Such experiences may have therapeutic value. Research and clinical applications of psychedelics usually include music listening during acute drug effects, based on the expectation that music will provide psychological support during the acute effects of psychedelic drugs, and may even facilitate the occurrence of mystical experiences. However, the features of music chosen to support the different phases of drug effects are not well-specified. As a result, there is currently neither real guidance for the selection of music nor standardization of the music used to support clinical trials with psychedelic drugs across various research groups or therapists. A description of the features of music found to be supportive of mystical experience will allow for the standardization and optimization of the delivery of psychedelic drugs in both research trials and therapeutic contexts. To this end, we conducted an anonymous survey of individuals with extensive experience administering psilocybin or psilocybin-containing mushrooms under research or therapeutic conditions, in order to identify the features of commonly used musical selections that have been found by therapists and research staff to be supportive of mystical experiences within a psilocybin session. Ten respondents yielded 24 unique recommendations of musical stimuli supportive of peak effects with psilocybin, and 24 unique recommendations of musical stimuli supportive of the period leading up to a peak experience. Qualitative analysis (expert rating of musical and music-theoretic features of the recommended stimuli) and quantitative analysis (using signal processing and music-information retrieval methods) of 22 of these stimuli yielded a description of peak period music that was characterized by regular, predictable, formulaic phrase structure and orchestration, a feeling of continuous movement and forward motion that slowly builds over time, and lower perceptual brightness when compared to pre peak music. These results provide a description of music that may be optimally supportive of peak psychedelic experiences. This description can be used to guide the selection and composition of music for future psychedelic research and therapy sessions.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychology", "publication_date": "2017-07-24", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01238", "pubmed_id": "28790944", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01238", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28790944\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2738683289\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2738683289\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":62,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W288571436\",\"https://openalex.org/W411306934\",\"https://openalex.org/W1144621943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1603145302\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967542346\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988060680\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999218281\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015959845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022722749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067685773\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110743726\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111621157\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119472994\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124239333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133824856\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135733734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135925324\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153594880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159059984\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165326489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168050013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2321185612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328159225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330686105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398800790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2510443052\",\"https://openalex.org/W2524980088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561419573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2586270101\",\"https://openalex.org/W2603506674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2613994972\",\"https://openalex.org/W3026821888\",\"https://openalex.org/W3217467030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229920826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231042348\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392836224\",\"https://openalex.org/W6698429971\",\"https://openalex.org/W6735865248\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039144845\",\"display_name\":\"Hollis Robbins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-3986\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021884019\",\"display_name\":\"David Smooke\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031085734\",\"display_name\":\"Jenine Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0007-9842\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S9692511\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01238\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2738683289" }, { "id": 2450, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: A Review of a Novel Treatment for Psychiatric Disorders.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy a review of a novel treatment for psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Thomas K, Malcolm B, Lastra D.", "abstract": "Recent research suggests that functional connectivity changes may be involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Hyperconnectivity in the default mode network has been associated with psychopathology, but psychedelic serotonin agonists like psilocybin may profoundly disrupt these dysfunctional neural network circuits and provide a novel treatment for psychiatric disorders. We have reviewed the current literature to investigate the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted therapy for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. There were seven clinical trials that investigated psilocybin-assisted therapy as a treatment for psychiatric disorders related to anxiety, depression, and substance use. All trials demonstrated reductions in psychiatric rating scale scores or increased response and remission rates. There were large effect sizes related to improved depression and anxiety symptoms. Psilocybin may also potentially reduce alcohol or tobacco use and increase abstinence rates in addiction, but the benefits of these two trials were less clear due to open-label study designs without statistical analysis. Psilocybin-assisted therapy efficacy and safety appear promising, but more robust clinical trials will be required to support FDA approval and identify the potential role in clinical psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-05-07", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2017.1320734", "pubmed_id": "28481178", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2017.1320734", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Remission Induction, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28481178\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2456, "title": "The Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelic Drugs: Past, Present, and Future.", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs past present and future", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Goodwin GM.", "abstract": "Plant-based psychedelics, such as psilocybin, have an ancient history of medicinal use. After the first English language report on LSD in 1950, psychedelics enjoyed a short-lived relationship with psychology and psychiatry. Used most notably as aids to psychotherapy for the treatment of mood disorders and alcohol dependence, drugs such as LSD showed initial therapeutic promise before prohibitive legislature in the mid-1960s effectively ended all major psychedelic research programs. Since the early 1990s, there has been a steady revival of human psychedelic research: last year saw reports on the first modern brain imaging study with LSD and three separate clinical trials of psilocybin for depressive symptoms. In this circumspective piece, RLC-H and GMG share their opinions on the promises and pitfalls of renewed psychedelic research, with a focus on the development of psilocybin as a treatment for depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-04-25", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1038/npp.2017.84", "pubmed_id": "28443617", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.84", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28443617\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2477, "title": "Psychedelics as Medicines: An Emerging New Paradigm.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics as medicines an emerging new paradigm", "authors": "Nichols DE, Johnson MW, Nichols CD.", "abstract": "Scientific interest in serotonergic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin and LSD; 5-HT2A receptor agonists) has dramatically increased within the last decade. Clinical studies administering psychedelics with psychotherapy have shown preliminary evidence of robust efficacy in treating anxiety and depression, as well as addiction to tobacco and alcohol. Moreover, recent research has suggested that these compounds have potential efficacy against inflammatory diseases through novel mechanisms, with potential advantages over existing antiinflammatory agents. We propose that psychedelics exert therapeutic effects for psychiatric disorders by acutely destabilizing local brain network hubs and global network connectivity via amplification of neuronal avalanches, providing the occasion for brain network \"resetting\" after the acute effects have resolved. Antiinflammatory effects may hold promise for efficacy in treatment of inflammation-related nonpsychiatric as well as potentially for psychiatric disorders. Serotonergic psychedelics operate through unique mechanisms that show promising effects for a variety of intractable, debilitating, and lethal disorders, and should be rigorously researched.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-12-25", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1002/cpt.557", "pubmed_id": "28019026", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.557", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Inflammation, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Inflammation Mediators, Severity of Illness Index, Depression, Anxiety, Mental Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Clinical Trials as Topic, Mind-Body Therapies, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28019026\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2497, "title": "Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar mood disorders: a systematic review.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar mood disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Rucker JJ, Jelen LA, Flynn S, Frowde KD, Young AH.", "abstract": "Unipolar mood disorders, including major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), confer high rates of disability and mortality and a very high socioeconomic burden. Current treatment is suboptimal in most cases and there is little of note in the pharmaceutical development pipeline. The psychedelic drugs, including lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin, were used extensively in the treatment of mood disorders, and other psychiatric conditions, before their prohibition in the late 1960s. They are relatively safe when used in medically controlled environments, with no reported risk of dependence. Here, we present a systematic review of published clinical treatment studies using psychedelics in patients with broadly defined UMD, and consider their place in psychiatry. Whilst all of the included studies have methodological shortcomings, of 423 individuals in 19 studies, 335 (79.2%) showed clinician-judged improvement after treatment with psychedelics. A recently completed pilot study in the UK favours the use of psilocybin with psychological support in treatment resistant depressive disorder. The evidence overall strongly suggests that psychedelics should be re-examined in modern clinical trials for their use in unipolar mood disorders and other non-psychotic mental health conditions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-11-16", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/0269881116679368", "pubmed_id": "27856684", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116679368", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Pilot Projects, Mood Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27856684\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5227, "title": "Development of a Psychotherapeutic Model for Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment of Alcoholism", "normalized_title": "development of a psychotherapeutic model for psilocybin assisted treatment of alcoholism", "authors": "Michael P. Bogenschutz, Alyssa A. Forcehimes", "abstract": "Research activity on the potential clinical value of classic hallucinogens and other psychedelics has increased markedly in the past two decades, and promises to continue to expand. Experimental study of hallucinogen-assisted treatment, and any future clinical use, requires the development of psychotherapeutic models that are appropriate to the disorder being treated and effectively integrated with the pharmacologic component of the treatment. To provide a framework for thinking about possible treatment models, we provide an overview of the history of psychedelic-assisted treatment, review what is known about the therapeutic mechanisms of these treatments, and consider the various purposes of psychotherapy in the context of both research and clinical use of psychedelic-assisted treatment. We then provide a description of a therapy model we have developed and are currently using in a trial of psilocybin-assisted treatment for alcoholism. Finally, we discuss advantages and disadvantages of a range of alternative models, emphasizing the need for research to determine the most effective treatment models for any indications for which efficacy becomes established.", "journal": "Journal of Humanistic Psychology", "publication_date": "2016-10-15", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/0022167816673493", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167816673493", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Context (archaeology), Psychology, Clinical trial, Medicine, Psychiatry, Biology, Paleontology, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":96,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W62922542\",\"https://openalex.org/W109922458\",\"https://openalex.org/W592732404\",\"https://openalex.org/W621567176\",\"https://openalex.org/W1490424065\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607220101\",\"https://openalex.org/W1797327965\",\"https://openalex.org/W1940682915\",\"https://openalex.org/W1957998952\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963662807\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964116811\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968488639\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973814761\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975552694\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984534015\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989086727\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999159677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000909913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001298144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010129474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011293350\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012159028\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014622858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018267671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024274950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031398681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035068440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056852922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061221064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068852619\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079490870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082206299\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082483310\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088140721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090179920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093323137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096058212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096567449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108556733\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116852450\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117864279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119144746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120356707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121345197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122335802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129977009\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133559478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134107246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139192721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143648030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154766235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170596036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170915041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2243916050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2315561580\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318552418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319975253\",\"https://openalex.org/W2320275590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328159225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2333536875\",\"https://openalex.org/W2361945527\",\"https://openalex.org/W2408251447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413044490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419156332\",\"https://openalex.org/W2422079377\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196761093\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231635321\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243284554\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243894589\",\"https://openalex.org/W4248840134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4255807345\",\"https://openalex.org/W4255974008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301522671\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075574900\",\"display_name\":\"Alyssa A. Forcehimes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S207414187\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Humanistic Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167816673493\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2537388000" }, { "id": 2486, "title": "Return of the psychedelics: Psilocybin for treatment resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "return of the psychedelics psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Patra S.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the clinically most researched classic psychedelic has recently been tested for its safety and efficacy in a clinical population of treatment resistant depression. The efficacy of psilocybin in clinical depression previously demonstrated in the elecrophysiologic and neuroimaging findings as also in neuropsychological assessments is further validated by the findings of this rigorously conducted randomized trial. Mechanism of action of psilocybin and efficacy in treatment resistant depression are discussed in this paper. Ethical issues of conducting clinical trials with psychedelics are also discussed with particular emphasis on their relative safety and absence of addiction potential. Implications of these issues for conduct of larger trials for establishing risk benefit ratio in treatment resistant depression are further suggested.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-08-22", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1016/j.ajp.2016.08.010", "pubmed_id": "27931907", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2016.08.010", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27931907\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2508, "title": "Antidepressant, Antipsychotic, and Hallucinogen Drugs for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders: A Convergence at the Serotonin-2A Receptor.", "normalized_title": "antidepressant antipsychotic and hallucinogen drugs for the treatment of psychiatric disorders a convergence at the serotonin 2a receptor", "authors": "Howland RH.", "abstract": "Antidepressant, atypical antipsychotic, and hallucinogen drugs mediate their actions in part by interactions with the serotonin-2A (5HT2A) receptor. Serotonergic hallucinogen drugs, such as psilocybin, bind most potently as agonists at the 5HT2A receptor, producing profound changes in perception, mood, and cognition. Some of these drugs have been or are currently being investigated in small Phase 2 studies for depression, alcoholism, smoking cessation, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. However, unlike the synergistic effects of combining antidepressant and atypical antipsychotic drugs, the potential therapeutic effects of hallucinogen drugs may be attenuated by the concurrent use of these medications because antidepressant and atypical antipsychotic drugs desensitize and/or down-regulate 5HT2A receptors. This finding has important implications for optimizing the potential therapeutic use of hallucinogen drugs in psychiatry. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 54(7), 21-24.].", "journal": "Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services", "publication_date": "2016-06-30", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.3928/02793695-20160616-09", "pubmed_id": "27362381", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20160616-09", "keywords": "Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Antipsychotic Agents, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Mental Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27362381\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2470545286\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2470545286\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":22,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1822227732\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986484493\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990644324\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998648170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043855378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067956201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070290797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083894864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087877032\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088140721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123750279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149634179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2416665044\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022130020\",\"display_name\":\"Robert H. Howland\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-6010\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S31827231\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20160616-09\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2470545286" }, { "id": 2048, "title": "Sex differences and serotonergic mechanisms in the behavioural effects of psilocin.", "normalized_title": "sex differences and serotonergic mechanisms in the behavioural effects of psilocin", "authors": "Tylš F, Páleníček T, Kadeřábek L, Lipski M, Kubešová A, Horáček J.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has recently attracted a great deal of attention as a clinical research and therapeutic tool. The aim of this paper is to bridge two major knowledge gaps regarding its behavioural pharmacology - sex differences and the underlying receptor mechanisms. We used psilocin (0.25, 1 and 4 mg/kg), an active metabolite of psilocybin, in two behavioural paradigms - the open-field test and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reaction. Sex differences were evaluated with respect to the phase of the female cycle. The contribution of serotonin receptors in the behavioural action was tested in male rats with selective serotonin receptor antagonists: 5-HT1A receptor antagonist (WAY100635 1 mg/kg), 5-HT2A receptor antagonist (MDL100907 0.5 mg/kg), 5-HT2B receptor antagonist (SB215505 1 mg/kg) and 5-HT2C receptor antagonist (SB242084 1 mg/kg). Psilocin induced dose-dependent inhibition of locomotion and suppression of normal behaviour in rats (behavioural serotonin syndrome, impaired PPI). The effects were more pronounced in male rats than in females. The inhibition of locomotion was normalized by 5-HT1A and 5-HT2B/C antagonists; however, PPI was not affected significantly by these antagonists. Our findings highlight an important issue of sex-specific reactions to psilocin and that apart from 5-HT2A-mediated effects 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C/B receptors also play an important role. These findings have implications for recent clinical trials.", "journal": "Behavioural Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2016-05-31", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1097/fbp.0000000000000198", "pubmed_id": "26461483", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/fbp.0000000000000198", "keywords": "Animals, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Serotonin, Receptors, Serotonin, Serotonin Antagonists, Hallucinogens, Sex Factors, Estrous Cycle, Locomotion, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Male, Reflex, Startle, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"26461483\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2318447563\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2318447563\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":86,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W41008617\",\"https://openalex.org/W1844018320\",\"https://openalex.org/W1893475387\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963983750\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964473837\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966051646\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972349079\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972622243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983083273\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983350514\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983746474\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984304181\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986543617\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988081587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989168929\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990245488\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993266955\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993648598\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995716681\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998786450\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001972521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005023389\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005756201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007011615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007728462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009464577\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009632756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016770736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021349846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021958736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022404244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023770434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038620688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042469037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057313063\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058340335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058566133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058567736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059800315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060487112\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061239557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061257044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061601865\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061743666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070290419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071289935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072942450\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073997074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074926791\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075241114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079092936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079258526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081487441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085073153\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085564728\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089210700\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091397797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092726363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094053695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095356255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099797657\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100987476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103517742\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113674682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115526051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129576675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136830997\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149463687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155757287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158239158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165194242\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167955809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2261115999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2295428705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312932653\",\"https://openalex.org/W2324554653\",\"https://openalex.org/W2409536169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2409801431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2436075536\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W6638985061\",\"https://openalex.org/W6714262990\",\"https://openalex.org/W6714681351\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012044574\",\"display_name\":\"Filip Tylš\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-6999\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056888000\",\"display_name\":\"Tomáš Páleníček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-9539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074167242\",\"display_name\":\"L. Kadeřábek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047897050\",\"display_name\":\"Michaela Lipski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067625805\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Kubešová\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012893465\",\"display_name\":\"Jiřı́ Horáček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-7306\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S9181514\",\"source_display_name\":\"Behavioural Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/fbp.0000000000000198\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2318447563" }, { "id": 5238, "title": "PM506. Psilocybin Clinical Trial: Acute Effects and its relationship to the brain activity as measured by quantitative EEG", "normalized_title": "pm506 psilocybin clinical trial acute effects and its relationship to the brain activity as measured by quantitative eeg", "authors": "Filip Tylš, Michaela Viktorinová, Dominika Prokopcova, Jakub Korčák, Renata Androvičová, Martin Brunovský, Jiřı́ Horáček", "abstract": "Objective: Schizophrenia patients have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus than the general population, and even first-episode, drug-naive (FEDN) patients with schizophrenia have shown a higher prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) than the general population. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance after glucose loading, and to examine the relationship between IGT and clinical phenotypes or cognitive deficits in FEND patients with schizophrenia among a Han Chinese population. Method: 175 inpatients meeting DSM-IV schizophrenia criteria were compared with 31 healthy controls on anthropometric measures and fasting plasma levels of glucose, insulin and lipids. They were also compared using a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Neurocognitive functioning was assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Patient psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results: Among the patients, 24.5% had IGT, compared to none of the healthy controls. Also, the patients had significantly higher levels of fasting glucose and two-hour glucose, and were more insulin resistant as measured with HOMA. Compared to those patients without IGT, the IGT patients were older, had a later age of schizophrenia onset, higher waist or hip circumference and BMI, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides and higher insulin resistance. Furthermore, IGT patients had higher PANSS total and negative symptom subscale scores, but no greater cognitive impairment except on the emotional intelligence index of the MCCB. Conclusions: More IGT occurs in FEDN patients with schizophrenia than controls, and is associated with demographic and anthropometric parameters, as well as with clinical symptoms but minimally with cognitive impairment, suggesting that abnormal glucose metabolism may be associated with clinical symptoms but not with cognitive impairment in schizophrenia during the early phases of the disease.", "journal": "The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2016-05-26", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1093/ijnp/pyw041.506", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyw041.506", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Electroencephalography, Neuroscience, Psychology, Brain activity and meditation, Clinical trial, Medicine, Audiology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3095530399\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3095530399\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":10,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012044574\",\"display_name\":\"Filip Tylš\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-6999\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018960269\",\"display_name\":\"Michaela Viktorinová\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-5793\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040600624\",\"display_name\":\"Dominika Prokopcova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011043226\",\"display_name\":\"Jakub Korčák\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5017-4736\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049065698\",\"display_name\":\"Renata Androvičová\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1099-0891\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077855950\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Brunovský\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-0848\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012893465\",\"display_name\":\"Jiřı́ Horáček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-7306\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S199972112\",\"source_display_name\":\"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyw041.506\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3095530399" }, { "id": 3410, "title": "PM506. Psilocybin Clinical Trial: Acute Effects and its relationship to the brain activity as measured by quantitative EEG", "normalized_title": "pm506 psilocybin clinical trial acute effects and its relationship to the brain activity as measured by quantitative eeg", "authors": "Tyls F, Michaela Viktorinova T, Prokopcova D, Korcak J, Androvicova R, Brunovsky M, Horacek J.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-05-26", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC5616440", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:53", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC5616440\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2519, "title": "Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics", "authors": "Nichols DE.", "abstract": "Psychedelics (serotonergic hallucinogens) are powerful psychoactive substances that alter perception and mood and affect numerous cognitive processes. They are generally considered physiologically safe and do not lead to dependence or addiction. Their origin predates written history, and they were employed by early cultures in many sociocultural and ritual contexts. After the virtually contemporaneous discovery of (5R,8R)-(+)-lysergic acid-N,N-diethylamide (LSD)-25 and the identification of serotonin in the brain, early research focused intensively on the possibility that LSD and other psychedelics had a serotonergic basis for their action. Today there is a consensus that psychedelics are agonists or partial agonists at brain serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptors, with particular importance on those expressed on apical dendrites of neocortical pyramidal cells in layer V. Several useful rodent models have been developed over the years to help unravel the neurochemical correlates of serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor activation in the brain, and a variety of imaging techniques have been employed to identify key brain areas that are directly affected by psychedelics. Recent and exciting developments in the field have occurred in clinical research, where several double-blind placebo-controlled phase 2 studies of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in patients with cancer-related psychosocial distress have demonstrated unprecedented positive relief of anxiety and depression. Two small pilot studies of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy also have shown positive benefit in treating both alcohol and nicotine addiction. Recently, blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography have been employed for in vivo brain imaging in humans after administration of a psychedelic, and results indicate that intravenously administered psilocybin and LSD produce decreases in oscillatory power in areas of the brain's default mode network.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-03-31", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1124/pr.115.011478", "pubmed_id": "26841800", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.115.011478", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Models, Animal, Time Perception, Visual Perception, Sleep, Psychotic Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"26841800\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2513, "title": "Antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years.", "normalized_title": "antidepressive anxiolytic and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide lsd a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Osório FL, Crippa JA, Riba J, Zuardi AW, Hallak JE.", "abstract": "To date, pharmacological treatments for mood and anxiety disorders and for drug dependence show limited efficacy, leaving a large number of patients suffering severe and persistent symptoms. Preliminary studies in animals and humans suggest that ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may have antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive properties. Thus, we conducted a systematic review of clinical trials published from 1990 until 2015, assessing these therapeutic properties. Electronic searches were performed using the PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases. Only clinical trials published in peer-reviewed journals were included. Of these, 151 studies were identified, of which six met the established criteria. Reviewed studies suggest beneficial effects for treatment-resistant depression, anxiety and depression associated with life-threatening diseases, and tobacco and alcohol dependence. All drugs were well tolerated. In conclusion, ayahuasca, psilocybin and LSD may be useful pharmacological tools for the treatment of drug dependence, and anxiety and mood disorders, especially in treatment-resistant patients. These drugs may also be useful pharmacological tools to understand psychiatric disorders and to develop new therapeutic agents. However, all studies reviewed had small sample sizes, and half of them were open-label, proof-of-concept studies. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with more patients are needed to replicate these preliminary findings.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-03-17", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/2045125316638008", "pubmed_id": "27354908", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125316638008", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27354908\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5266, "title": "Discovery of a new caerulescent Psilocybe mushroom in Germany: Psilocybe germanica sp.nov.", "normalized_title": "discovery of a new caerulescent psilocybe mushroom in germany psilocybe germanica sp nov", "authors": "Jochen Gartz, Georg Wiedemann", "abstract": "Sixty years ago, the ethnomycologist R. G. Wasson discovered an ancient mushroom cult in Oaxaca, Mexico.1, 2 The famous mycologist R. Heim classified the psychoactive mushroom species in the genera Psilocybe and the eminent natural product chemist Albert Hofmann published the isolation, structural elucidation and synthesis of the new alkaloids psilocybin and psilocin in 1958. These indole derivatives were also found in a number of other Psilocybe species encountered in Asia and Europe and it is now known that other psychoactive species exist in the genera Pluteus, Panaeolus, Inocybe and Gymnopilus.1, 2 Hallucinogenic mushrooms of the main genus Psilocybe are known from countries with a wet climate. Besides the cultivation of subtropical species such as Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer, a range of other naturally growing species are commonly found in Europe. They deserve increasing attention because some species can yield up to thousands of fruiting bodies in relatively small spaces.1, 2 The species Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr.) Kummer contains comparatively high amounts of psilocybin (around 1% dry weight) and some baeocystin, which is the monomethyl analogue of psilocybin,3, 4 whereas the phenolic compound psilocin is only found in traces in these mushrooms (Figure 1). This small species usually grows in only scattered patterns on pasture. In recent decades, however, the psychoactive mycoflora of Europe has been transformed deeply. In 1946, E. Wakelfield described a new species from Kew Gardens (London, UK) that became known as Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield.5, 6 This mushroom typically exhibits strong blueing behaviour after bruising and also spontaneously during ageing. This species grows on wood chips and rich compost derived from plant residues. It has been suggested that these mushrooms grew adventitiously in botanical gardens following importation of plant material from foreign countries. In 1962, this species was also found in the Pacific Northwest, USA1 and Kubicka first discovered other blueing mushrooms in woods near Sazava (Czech Republic) in 1942.1, 5 The species was named Psilocybe bohemica Sebek and further descriptions are available in the Czech mycological literature.7 Krieglsteiner shed new light a variety of mycological collections obtained from wood debris about 30 years ago5, 6 It is now clear, however, that Psilocybe cyanescens was not in this collection. One of the present authors (J. G.) has studied these mushrooms since 1986 and found genuine Psilocybe bohemica in the Czechoslovakia in 1986 and later in 1989.1 It appears that the distribution of Psilocybe cyanescens has been expanding in Germany, and possibly other European countries, during the last 30 years.1 The reason for this increasing expansion is thought to relate to increasing use of bark and wood chips used for decoration but also for preventive measures when dealing with certain weeds. Correspondingly, such locations have been observed to yield collections of up to thousands of these large and very potent mushrooms.1, 8 Additionally, the analysis of a new species from North America associated with wood chips was also described.9, 10 The unusually large and potent Psilocybe azurescens Stamets & Gartz has also been found in Germany.11 In January 1994, a new species collected from grass land in South Africa was described and later named Psilocybe natalensis by Gartz et al.12 The present case report describes the discovery of a new Psilocybe species. The collections obtained from various species were compared with the new Psilocybe germanica and samples were deposited in the herbarium of the botanical museum in Berlin/Dahlem (B). Over the years, many hundreds of fresh fruit bodies were encountered from each species. Psilocybe bohemica: November 1986 and 1989 (near Sazava; Czech Republic) and autumn 2013 and 2014 (near Eibenstock, Saxony, Germany). Psilocybe azurescens: October 1991 and 1996 (Astoria, Oregon, USA), October 1998 (Harz Mountains, Germany), October 2000 (Rostock, Germany), autumn 2003 and 2004 (near Leipzig, Germany) and autumn 2014 (near Tharandt, Saxony, Germany). Psilocybe cyanescens: October 1991 and 1996 (Astoria, Eugene, Oregon, USA), autumn almost every year (Leipzig and other locations in Saxony, Germany since 1991). When Psilocybe germanica were discovered in autumn 2014, each of the above mentioned species were encountered at the same time. Chemical analyses of the new species were carried out using established methods previously reported in earlier studies.3, 4, 8, 9 Chemicals and solvents were from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany) and Sigma-Aldrich (Seelze, Germany). Psilocybin standard was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), psilocin was from Sigma-Aldrich and baeocystin was available from previous work following isolation Inocybe aeruginascens Babos.13 Silica gel TLC plates were obtained from Macherey-Nagel (Düren, Germany). Sample preparation and chemical analyses of the new species were carried out using established TLC and HPLC methods previously reported in earlier studies.4, 14 Briefly, dried, powdered mushrooms (0.1 g) were extracted with methanol (10 mL) for 12 h using a magnetic stirrer at room temperature. Mobile phases used for TLC analysis were n-butanol:acetic acid:water (2:1:1, v/v) (mobile phase 1) (Rf psilocybin: 0.28; Rf baeocystin: 0.36; Rf psilocin: 0.51) and methanol/aqueous ammonia (25%) (100:1.5, v/v) (mobile phase 1) (Rf psilocybin: 0.10; Rf baeocystin: 0.05: Rf psilocin: 0.39). The methanol extracts were analyzed using each TLC mobile phase systems. For detection, p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (1 g in 20 mL solvent obtained from 5 mL phosphoric acid in 15 mL methanol) was employed. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis employed UV detection at 267 nm using a LiChrosorp RP-18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min. The mobile phase was based on a citrate-phosphate buffer and ethanol (9:1) (300 mL 0.1 M citric acid and 160 mL 0.1 M NaH2PO4). The Injection volume was 10 μL. Whenever a new species is encountered, the provision of a Latin description and diagnosis is required and provided as follows. Psilocybe germanica Gartz & Wiedemann, sp.nov. Species sectionis Caerulescentium Pileus cum largo umbone, calvus,symmetrus, in senectute solum raro curvatus quodam modo in altitudinem, margo non undosus, cutis pilei detrahi non potest, in statu umido fuscus et quodam modo fluidus, hygrophanus, in statu umido non perlucidus, non canaliculatus in statu arido albus, tum umbo plerumque, sua sponte colorem canum vel caeruleum accipit, in pressione vel sua sponte in senectute passim colorem caeruleum accipit, caro in pressione colorem caeruleum accipit, reliquiae veli non exsistunt, a-4 cm in latitudinem, odor iucunde aromaticus. Lamellae primo coloris clare fusci, tum in senectute coloris purpurei vel fusci, dense positae, semper alternantes adnexa adnatam sequens. Stipes albus, semper curvatus, saepe multipliciter, 5-9 cm in longitudinem, 3- 7 mm in latitudinem, etiam adulescens velum partiale cum velamine non habens, orbem non habens, tenax et flexibilitis, non valde durus, stamina subtilia mycelis non habens in superficie, interdum densae vel firmae conglomerationes, quae in iniquitate consistunt, videri possunt; in basi stipitis saepe rhizomorphae, quae reliquias ligni stricte continent, in senectute cavus, in pressione celerrime et ubique obscure caerulescens; in senectute etiam sua sponte, interdum in pressione incipiente quodam modo virescens, tum semper celeriter obscure caerulescens; typica magna crassificatio ad acumen vel paulum sub acumine; fungorum adulescentium crassitudo circiter duplo maior quam reliqui stipitis, interdum nodosissimo genere; in senectute crassificatio ut artus adnirationem movet, cum pileus et pars stipitis superior valde infrigitur; crassificatio intestinae partis consistit in strato quasi lignoso et iam pridem disposito, in pressione non caerulescente. Sporis ellipsoideis, 7-12 / 5.5-7.5 µm, poro germinativo praeditis, cheilocystidiis numerosis, lageniformibus, 25-33 / 6.0-8.2 µm, pleurocystidiis nullis Crescit in reliquiis lignorum, quae tabe diverse progrediente afficiuntur; etiam in cortice et in diversis arborum fruticumque generibus; in Germania tempus crescendi imprimis de mense Septembri usque ad Decembrem, in quendam modum patiens brevis frigoris nocturni; incrementum etiam in aliis terris exspectari potest. Holotypus in herbario (B), prope Dippoldiswalde, 8th October 2014. Pileus: 1-4 cm in diameter, always broadly umbonate, rarely flattening to a little turn up in age with a persistent broad umbo; no traces of a veil at any stages, hygrophanous, moist deep brown, lacking a separable pellicle, margin not wavy, not striate, not translucent when moist, fading in drying to whitish; during development soon a spontaneous gray-bluish colouration on the umbo occurs, at age an additional strong blueing develops, particularly after rains and during freezing; bruising of the white flesh also yields a strong blue colour, odour pleasantly aromatic. Lamellae: at first brownish then dark purple-brown, closely set, alternating adnexed to adnate. Stipes: 5-9 × 0.3-0.7 cm, characteristic enlarged at the pileus, sometimes the thickening often impressed as a joint, in which the upper end of the handle with the cap then drops; dry, white, not very hard, not flexuous, always curved, often multiple times, without traces of a veil, no fine mycelia on it, sometimes solid lumps visible as a rub, easily staining deep blue when touched at all parts; at first touch sometimes green discoloring until a very fast-moving to deep blue; the wood-like layer in the thickening shows no blueing at all, stuffed with white mycelia at first, later hollow, rhizomorphs on the base, keeping wood substrate together. Microscopic features: spores: 9-12 × 5.5-7.5 µm, with a clear germ pore, cheilocystidia lageniform, numerous, 25-33 / 6.0-8.3 µm, pleurocystidia absent. Habit and distribution: Gregarious to cespitose on deciduous on wood chips from various plants, also on bark in mixture with soil and other wood debris. Observed growing is from September to December. Until now, the mushrooms have only been observed to grow in parks. Holotypus: a gathering (8th October 2014, Dippoldiswalde, Germany) is deposited in the herbarium of the botanical museum Berlin / Dahlem (B). The new Psilocybe germanica showed a unique combination of features related to stipes and pileus. Another species with such joint-like thickening has not yet been described until now. As can be seen in Figure 2 there are very clear differences in comparison to Psilocybe azurescens (Figure 2A) and Psilocybe cyanescens (Figure 2B). In contrast to the new species (Figure 2C), both other species show yellow caps after drying. They show a cortina, which left traces on the caps and the stipes in age of the mushrooms. The margin shows a striate structure when wet. The structure of the stipes found in the new species was also different, i.e. the stipe seen in Psilocybe germanica appeared softer. As a consequence, the blueing reaction is more readily observed compared to stipes of Psilocybe azurescens and Psilocybe cyanescens. The wavy appearance is only characteristic for Psilocybe cyanescens. Figure 3 shows a large fruiting of the new species after a short freezing during the night. Exposure to cold temperature resulted in a strong blueing reaction, sometimes across the entire mushroom. Figure 4 shows various forms and developmental stages of the new species. Compared to Psilocybe bohemica (Figure 5), significant differences were observed. In contrast to Psilocybe germanica, this species had a striate and translucent cap when wet. The caps are deep yellow when wet and often whitish in colour when dry, with some blue zones that do not show any particular structure. In most cases, the caps are not umbonate upon ageing. Whereas Psilocybe bohemica display an easily detectable cortina and stipes that are scattered with fine fibrils, the new species Psilocybe germanica exhibits stipes of more regular shapes that are not curved and occasionally enlarged at the base. In contrast to the new species, Psilocybe bohemica can build up only a few spores in age of the fruiting bodies and often the mushrooms are completely sterile.5, 6 The tiny species Psilocybe serbica Moser & Horak showed features for caps and stipes similar to Psilocybe bohemica.15 The microscopic features are comparable to other wood-loving Psilocybe species2, 5, 6, 9-11 as is the case with Psilocybe germanica. Chemical analyses of five Psilocybe germanica mushrooms samples revealed the presence of significant amounts of psilocybin and baeocystin (Table 1). This was consistent with qualitative TLC analysis of 30 samples from 2013 and 35 extracted samples from 2014 and psilocin was not detected (data not shown). Psilocybe germanica showed similar alkaloid levels to what is known about Psilocybe semilanceata with only traces of psilocin. Psilocybe azurescens is generally considered more potent and, in addition to psilocybin and baeocystin, is also displaying comparatively large amounts of psilocin.9 Both Psilocybe cyanescens and Psilocybe bohemica typically show the presence of psilocybin and traces of baeocystin. A large variation in psilocybin levels are frequently encountered. In contrast to Psilocybe bohemica,16 Psilocybe cyanescens can also contain large amounts of psilocin.16 In addition, the new indole derivative aeruginascin13, 21 was not detected in any of the mushrooms. As far as it is currently known, this trimethylammonium analog of psilocybin has only been reported to occur in the hallucinogenic species Inocybe aeruginascens Babos.13, 21 Psilocybe semilanceata is the best studied psychoactive mushroom species in the world1, 14, 18, 19, 17, 22, 23 and is known to contain psilocybin and baeocystin (Table 1). Previous investigations in 1994 have shown that the use pure methanol yielded the authentic indole derivatives from dried mushrooms and the use of aqueous solvents resulted in hydrolysis of psilocybin and baeocystin to give psilocin.4 Psilocybe germanica sp.nov. was described as a new taxon from Germany. This species was found to be autumnal and lignicolous, living in soils enriched with deciduous wood-debris, and featured strong blueing behaviour after bruising and ageing. It contained high amounts of psilocybin and baeocystin. This mushroom appears to be the first described species derived from wood chips that contains significant amounts of baeocystin in the absence of psilocin. The novel species was differentiated from other psychoactive taxons such as Psilocybe cyanescens, Psilocybe azurescens and Psilocybe bohemica in combination from features of the stipes and caps. As it was observed previously with the potent psychoactive species Psilocye cyanescens, it is expected that Psilocybe germanica might be found to achieve a remarkably wide area of distribution in the future given the modern use of mulch in parks and gardens.", "journal": "Drug Testing and Analysis", "publication_date": "2015-03-30", "publication_year": 2015, "doi": "10.1002/dta.1795", "pubmed_id": "25826697", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1795", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mushroom, Indole alkaloid, Biology, Botany, Hallucinogen, Alkaloid, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2111988752\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2111988752\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1444069533\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977511640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009390034\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018061252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027679864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050577168\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099103834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154524838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2261664309\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325470187\",\"https://openalex.org/W2409505272\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003770233\",\"display_name\":\"Jochen Gartz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111692626\",\"display_name\":\"Georg Wiedemann\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S36361591\",\"source_display_name\":\"Drug Testing and Analysis\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1795\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Case Report", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2111988752" }, { "id": 2523, "title": "Classic hallucinogens in the treatment of addictions.", "normalized_title": "classic hallucinogens in the treatment of addictions", "authors": "Bogenschutz MP, Johnson MW.", "abstract": "Addictive disorders are very common and have devastating individual and social consequences. Currently available treatment is moderately effective at best. After many years of neglect, there is renewed interest in potential clinical uses for classic hallucinogens in the treatment of addictions and other behavioral health conditions. In this paper we provide a comprehensive review of both historical and recent clinical research on the use of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of addiction, selectively review other relevant research concerning hallucinogens, and suggest directions for future research. Clinical trial data are very limited except for the use of LSD in the treatment of alcoholism, where a meta-analysis of controlled trials has demonstrated a consistent and clinically significant beneficial effect of high-dose LSD. Recent pilot studies of psilocybin-assisted treatment of nicotine and alcohol dependence had strikingly positive outcomes, but controlled trials will be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of these treatments. Although plausible biological mechanisms have been proposed, currently the strongest evidence is for the role of mystical or other meaningful experiences as mediators of therapeutic effects. Classic hallucinogens have an excellent record of safety in the context of clinical research. Given our limited understanding of the clinically relevant effects of classic hallucinogens, there is a wealth of opportunities for research that could contribute important new knowledge and potentially lead to valuable new treatments for addiction.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2015-03-13", "publication_year": 2015, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.03.002", "pubmed_id": "25784600", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.03.002", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Behavior, Addictive, Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"25784600\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2558, "title": "Classical hallucinogens as antidepressants? A review of pharmacodynamics and putative clinical roles.", "normalized_title": "classical hallucinogens as antidepressants a review of pharmacodynamics and putative clinical roles", "authors": "Baumeister D, Barnes G, Giaroli G, Tracy D", "abstract": "Hallucinogens have been part of spiritual practice for millennia, but controversy surrounding their mind-manifesting effects led to their proscription by the mid-20th century, largely without evidence of harm or toxicity and despite nascent data suggesting therapeutic utility in treating depressive illnesses. This review explores their pharmacodynamic actions and the current limited data on their clinic effectiveness. These drugs appear to exert their psychedelic effects through their agonist or partial agonist activity at the serotonergic 5-HT2A receptor, though they also have affinity for other metabotropic serotonin receptors. Hallucinogen binding affects a wide range of intracellular signalling pathways, the precise nature of which remains incompletely understood. They alter the serotonergic tone of brainstem raphe nuclei that project through the brain; they interact with receptors in the prefrontal cortex altering connectivity patterns and intracellular functioning; and they disrupt inhibitory control of sensory input via the thalamus to the cortex. The serotonergic system has long been implicated in anxiety and depressive disorders, and is a major target of most existing antidepressants. Classical hallucinogens alter the functioning of this system, but not in the same way current medications do: whilst there are identified receptors and neurotransmitter pathways through which hallucinogens could therein produce therapeutic effects, the neurobiology of this remains speculative at this time. There is currently an extremely limited but growing literature on hallucinogen safety and clinical application. The drugs appear well tolerated by healthy controls and clinical populations, and the rapid tolerance to repeated administration might reduce the possibility of dependency. Clinical trials reported over the past decade have generally shown positive therapeutic potential, but they are notably few in number. Legislative policy has had a freezing effect on evaluation of these compounds, a better understanding of which might improve our knowledge of the processes involved in consciousness, the neuropathology of depression, and potentially open up new pharmacological therapies.", "journal": "Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2014-07-31", "publication_year": 2014, "doi": "10.1177/2045125314527985", "pubmed_id": "25083275", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25083275/", "keywords": "5-HT2A, LSD, antidepressants, anxiety, depression, hallucinogen, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:40", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"25083275\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2548, "title": "Recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens.", "normalized_title": "recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens", "authors": "Halberstadt AL.", "abstract": "Serotonergic hallucinogens, such as (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, and mescaline, are somewhat enigmatic substances. Although these drugs are derived from multiple chemical families, they all produce remarkably similar effects in animals and humans, and they show cross-tolerance. This article reviews the evidence demonstrating the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is the primary site of hallucinogen action. The 5-HT2A receptor is responsible for mediating the effects of hallucinogens in human subjects, as well as in animal behavioral paradigms such as drug discrimination, head twitch response, prepulse inhibition of startle, exploratory behavior, and interval timing. Many recent clinical trials have yielded important new findings regarding the psychopharmacology of these substances. Furthermore, the use of modern imaging and electrophysiological techniques is beginning to help unravel how hallucinogens work in the brain. Evidence is also emerging that hallucinogens may possess therapeutic efficacy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2014-07-14", "publication_year": 2014, "doi": "10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.016", "pubmed_id": "25036425", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.016", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Behavior, Animal, Exploratory Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"25036425\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2567, "title": "The Heffter Research Institute: past and hopeful future.", "normalized_title": "the heffter research institute past and hopeful future", "authors": "Nichols DE.", "abstract": "This essay describes the founding of the Heffter Research Institute in 1993 and its development up to the present. The Institute is the only scientific research organization dedicated to scientific research into the medical value of psychedelics, and it has particularly focused on the use of psilocybin. The first clinical treatment study was of the value of psilocybin in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Next was a UCLA study of psilocybin to treat end-of-life distress in end-stage cancer patients. While that study was ongoing, a trial was started at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) to study the efficacy of psilocybin in treating anxiety and depression resulting from a cancer diagnosis. Following the successful completion of the UCLA project, a larger study was started at New York University, which is near completion. A pilot study of the value of psilocybin in treating alcoholism at the University of New Mexico also is nearing completion, with a larger two-site study being planned. Other studies underway involve the use of psilocybin in a smoking cessation program and a study of the effects of psilocybin in long-term meditators, both at JHU. The institute is now planning for a Phase 3 clinical trial of psilocybin to treat distress in end-stage cancer patients.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2013-12-31", "publication_year": 2013, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2014.873688", "pubmed_id": "24830182", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2014.873688", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Biomedical Research, Forecasting, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Academies and Institutes, New Mexico", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"24830182\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1982006269\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W1982006269\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":24,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W122113993\",\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968239400\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000909913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010322651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038588928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048412304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091746900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109422448\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396361768\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101815306\",\"display_name\":\"David E. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-1697\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2014.873688\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1982006269" }, { "id": 2577, "title": "A proposal to evaluate mechanistic efficacy of hallucinogens in addiction treatment.", "normalized_title": "a proposal to evaluate mechanistic efficacy of hallucinogens in addiction treatment", "authors": "Burdick BV, Adinoff B.", "abstract": "Current treatments for addiction are frequently ineffective. Hallucinogenic therapy has been indicated as helpful for a range of substance use disorders, yet this approach remains understudied and publicly unavailable. It is nonetheless a promising treatment, which has significant, long-term beneficial effects with single doses and a profile characterized by general safety, low toxicity, and non-addictiveness. However, pharmacological interventions, such as hallucinogens, should not be offered if the same effects (e.g. psychological insights/mystical experiences) and outcomes (e.g. decreased drug use) could be achieved absent pharmacological intervention. To date, there have been no clinical comparisons of drug-induced altered states with non-drug-induced states for addiction treatment. We propose and then outline a clinical trial to address this gap in knowledge. The proposed design would evaluate abstinence outcomes in a population of prescription opioid abusers after exposure to one of three conditions: a drug-induced altered state using psilocybin, a non-drug-induced altered state via hyperventilation (Holotropic Breathwork), and an active placebo with niacin. The outcomes of such a study would reveal important differences in therapeutic potential by discriminating hallucinogen-dependent effects from those psychological effects resulting from altered states.", "journal": "The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse", "publication_date": "2013-08-31", "publication_year": 2013, "doi": "10.3109/00952990.2013.811513", "pubmed_id": "23968172", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2013.811513", "keywords": "Humans, Hyperventilation, Substance-Related Disorders, Opioid-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Research Design, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"23968172\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2043530175\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2043530175\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":18,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4277775\",\"https://openalex.org/W39896301\",\"https://openalex.org/W62922542\",\"https://openalex.org/W110752286\",\"https://openalex.org/W1266238005\",\"https://openalex.org/W1484799892\",\"https://openalex.org/W1495150842\",\"https://openalex.org/W1516584056\",\"https://openalex.org/W1924706543\",\"https://openalex.org/W1940682915\",\"https://openalex.org/W1961364466\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964116811\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964623504\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964661098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973766265\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975606049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983799144\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984070202\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988074018\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988402979\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989232209\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991997587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998631480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011221060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018267671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025267048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035094883\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043678991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044783071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051426845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056653066\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057521633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069728618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069834899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076943453\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079258526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088785539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089149909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089436854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096058212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096571901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098185806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103822585\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105057498\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110003018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116852450\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124791354\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127673034\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137754323\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144078056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145026656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145095988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154766235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154896792\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161617741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2408451005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2798667567\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252556863\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298169268\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003806544\",\"display_name\":\"Brittany Vasae Burdick\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060955934\",\"display_name\":\"Bryon Adinoff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-2642\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S162477232\",\"source_display_name\":\"The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2013.811513\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2043530175" }, { "id": 2591, "title": "Single treatments that have lasting effects: some thoughts on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and botulinum toxin and the anxiolytic effect of psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "single treatments that have lasting effects some thoughts on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and botulinum toxin and the anxiolytic effect of psilocybin", "authors": "Young SN.", "abstract": "Recent clinical trials suggest that 3 single biological treatments have effects that persist. Based on research showing that the muscles involved in facial expressions can feed back to influence mood, a single trial diminishing glabella frown lines with botulinum toxin demonstrated a significant antidepressant effect for 16 weeks. Based primarily on research with animal models of depression suggesting that glutamate may be involved in depression, the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist ketamine has been tested in several trials. A single dose decreased depression for up to a week. The reported effects of the use of mushrooms containing psilocybin by a number of cultures around the world has stimulated several trials showing beneficial effects of a single dose of psilocybin for over a year in healthy people, and for up to 3 months in patients with anxiety disorders who have advanced cancer. This article discusses these studies, their rationale, their possible mechanisms of action, the future clinical research required to establish these therapies and the basic research required to optimize single treatments that have lasting effects.", "journal": "Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental Research)", "publication_date": "2013-02-28", "publication_year": 2013, "doi": "10.1503/jpn.120128", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1503/jpn.120128", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Ketamine, Anti-Dyskinesia Agents, Anesthetics, Dissociative, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Hallucinogens, Botulinum Toxins, Facial Expression, Treatment Outcome, Attitude, Behavior, Affect, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Placebo Effect, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"23171696\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W23171696\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W23171696\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049614194\",\"display_name\":\"Ю. Д. Шмидт\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062705477\",\"display_name\":\"Natalya Stepanovna Martyshenko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4018-7899\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210193633\",\"source_display_name\":\"Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental Research)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://fundamental-research.ru/ru/article/view?id=34571\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W23171696" }, { "id": 2589, "title": "Studying the effects of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of alcoholism: rationale, methodology, and current research with psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "studying the effects of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of alcoholism rationale methodology and current research with psilocybin", "authors": "Bogenschutz MP.", "abstract": "Recent developments in the study of classic hallucinogens, combined with a re-appraisal of the older literature, have led to a renewal of interest in possible therapeutic applications for these drugs, notably their application in the treatment of addictions. This article will first provide a brief review of the research literature providing direct and indirect support for the possible therapeutic effects of classic hallucinogens such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in the treatment of addictions. Having provided a rationale for clinical investigation in this area, we discuss design issues in clinical trials using classic hallucinogens, some of which are unique to this class of drug. We then discuss the current status of this field of research and design considerations in future randomized trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2013-02-28", "publication_year": 2013, "doi": "10.2174/15733998113099990002", "pubmed_id": "23627783", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/15733998113099990002", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens, Combined Modality Therapy, Psychotherapy, Research Design, Clinical Trials as Topic, Functional Neuroimaging, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"23627783\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Addiction,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2606, "title": "Implications for psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: functional magnetic resonance imaging study with psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "implications for psychedelic assisted psychotherapy functional magnetic resonance imaging study with psilocybin", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Leech R, Williams TM, Erritzoe D, Abbasi N, Bargiotas T, Hobden P, Sharp DJ, Evans J, Feilding A, Wise RG, Nutt DJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin is a classic psychedelic drug that has a history of use in psychotherapy. One of the rationales for its use was that it aids emotional insight by lowering psychological defences.AimsTo test the hypothesis that psilocybin facilitates access to personal memories and emotions by comparing subjective and neural responses to positive autobiographical memories under psilocybin and placebo.MethodTen healthy participants received two functional magnetic resonance imaging scans (2 mg intravenous psilocybin v. intravenous saline), separated by approximately 7 days, during which they viewed two different sets of 15 positive autobiographical memory cues. Participants viewed each cue for 6 s and then closed their eyes for 16 s and imagined re-experiencing the event. Activations during this recollection period were compared with an equivalent period of eyes-closed rest. We split the recollection period into an early phase (first 8 s) and a late phase (last 8 s) for analysis.ResultsRobust activations to the memories were seen in limbic and striatal regions in the early phase and the medial prefrontal cortex in the late phase in both conditions (P", "journal": "The British Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2012-01-25", "publication_year": 2012, "doi": "10.1192/bjp.bp.111.103309", "pubmed_id": "22282432", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.111.103309", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Placebos, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Combined Modality Therapy, Brain Mapping, Cross-Over Studies, Emotions, Memory, Psychotherapy, Adult, Female, Male, Memory, Episodic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"22282432\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":240,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W101520166\",\"https://openalex.org/W615929756\",\"https://openalex.org/W1809188141\",\"https://openalex.org/W1937144007\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965965542\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968067697\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989045560\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993324335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013378223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015108059\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035391615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050943404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051426845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065247877\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107557962\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110601496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111879008\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117663940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139658019\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142343279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146205180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153101815\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162010696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886921230\",\"https://openalex.org/W6604134018\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007616376\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Leech\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5801-6318\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101579525\",\"display_name\":\"Tom A. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1072-0223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083427963\",\"display_name\":\"Najam ul Hasan Abbasi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3795-230X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034990647\",\"display_name\":\"Theodoras Bargiotas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042455955\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Hobden\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042936423\",\"display_name\":\"David Sharp\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4995-2240\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008494200\",\"display_name\":\"John Evans\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6619-4245\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071332026\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Feilding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059929148\",\"display_name\":\"Richard G. Wise\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1700-2144\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113636502\",\"display_name\":\"D.J. Nutt\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S127936299\",\"source_display_name\":\"The British Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.111.103309\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Brain Imaging,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2119134849" }, { "id": 2634, "title": "Glucuronidation of psilocin and 4-hydroxyindole by the human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases.", "normalized_title": "glucuronidation of psilocin and 4 hydroxyindole by the human udp glucuronosyltransferases", "authors": "Manevski N, Kurkela M, Höglund C, Mauriala T, Court MH, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Finel M.", "abstract": "We have examined the glucuronidation of psilocin, a hallucinogenic indole alkaloid, by the 19 recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) of subfamilies 1A, 2A, and 2B. The glucuronidation of 4-hydroxyindole, a related indole that lacks the N,N-dimethylaminoethyl side chain, was studied as well. UGT1A10 exhibited the highest psilocin glucuronidation activity, whereas the activities of UGTs 1A9, 1A8, 1A7, and 1A6 were significantly lower. On the other hand, UGT1A6 was by far the most active enzyme mediating 4-hydroxyindole glucuronidation, whereas the activities of UGTs 1A7-1A10 toward 4-hydroxyindole resembled their respective psilocin glucuronidation rates. Psilocin glucuronidation by UGT1A10 followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics in which psilocin is a low-affinity high-turnover substrate (K(m) = 3.8 mM; V(max) = 2.5 nmol/min/mg). The kinetics of psilocin glucuronidation by UGT1A9 was more complex and may be best described by biphasic kinetics with both intermediate (K(m1) = 1.0 mM) and very low affinity components. The glucuronidation of 4-hydroxyindole by UGT1A6 exhibited higher affinity (K(m) = 178 microM) and strong substrate inhibition. Experiments with human liver and intestinal microsomes (HLM and HIM, respectively) revealed similar psilocin glucuronidation activity in both samples, but a much higher 4-hydroxyindole glucuronidation rate was found in HLM versus HIM. The expression levels of UGTs 1A6-1A10 in different tissues were studied by quantitative real-time-PCR, and the results, together with the activity assays findings, suggest that whereas psilocin may be subjected to extensive glucuronidation by UGT1A10 in the small intestine, UGT1A9 is likely the main contributor to its glucuronidation once it has been absorbed into the circulation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2009-12-09", "publication_year": 2009, "doi": "10.1124/dmd.109.031138", "pubmed_id": "20007669", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.109.031138", "keywords": "Liver, Microsomes, Humans, Glucuronides, Indoles, Isoenzymes, Glucuronosyltransferase, Recombinant Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Hallucinogens, Sulfhydryl Reagents, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Organ Specificity, Substrate Specificity, Kinetics, Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II, Psilocybin, UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A9", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"20007669\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2132624405" }, { "id": 2675, "title": "The adverse effects of hallucinogens from intramural perspective.", "normalized_title": "the adverse effects of hallucinogens from intramural perspective", "authors": "Frecska E, Luna LE.", "abstract": "UnlabelledVery recently, after a long-lasting, worldwide moratorium on research of hallucinogenic agents, a good number of advanced countries have been revising their position, and start to approve testing the physiological and therapeutic effects of hallucinogens in human subjects. The purpose of this article is to review safety information available in the literature on hallucinogen use, and sort out those data from the reported complications of their abuse. Because of prohibitory regulations of the last 35 years, there are difficulties in achieving this kind of evaluation. Our approach has to be broad, and at times retrospective, in contrast to the well-controlled, focused, prospective design of the premarketing trials of legal drugs. The article summarizes the analyses in anticipation of supportive regulatory changes for the use of hallucinogens in well controlled studies and strictly supervised clinical trials.Keywordsadverse effects, ayahuasca, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, hallucinogenic agents, ibogaine, lysergic acid diethylamide, N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, psilocybin, therapeutic use.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2006-11-30", "publication_year": 2006, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "17211054", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/17211054", "keywords": "Humans, Poisoning, Hallucinogens, Emergency Treatment, Personality, Perception, Drug Interactions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"17211054\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W110752286\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W110752286\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":16,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W107475310\",\"https://openalex.org/W126579187\",\"https://openalex.org/W203031526\",\"https://openalex.org/W266681429\",\"https://openalex.org/W428411035\",\"https://openalex.org/W1488217392\",\"https://openalex.org/W1498831570\",\"https://openalex.org/W1582590726\",\"https://openalex.org/W1787588990\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963634560\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973234849\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990198973\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993762893\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998129912\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998631480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008525776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024845040\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039087930\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044307156\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053052987\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053798341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058609816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060176686\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067384745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079883338\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081307324\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087317982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091746900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095188030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102297826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102581653\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114629758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115359142\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122935241\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123924457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127303237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142285082\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146561516\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150903999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159011576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159917347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161617741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166000740\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271081800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2416804157\",\"https://openalex.org/W2437748003\",\"https://openalex.org/W2798667567\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161894121\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018186009\",\"display_name\":\"Ede Frecska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1931-6975\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087208177\",\"display_name\":\"Luís Eduardo Luna\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17211054\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Personality Change,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W110752286" }, { "id": 2714, "title": "Effects of ayahuasca on sensory and sensorimotor gating in humans as measured by P50 suppression and prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex, respectively.", "normalized_title": "effects of ayahuasca on sensory and sensorimotor gating in humans as measured by p50 suppression and prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex respectively", "authors": "Riba J, Rodríguez-Fornells A, Barbanoj MJ.", "abstract": "RationaleAyahuasca, a South American psychotropic plant tea, combines the psychedelic agent and 5-HT(2A/2C) agonist N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) with beta-carboline alkaloids showing monoamine oxidase-inhibiting properties. Current human research with psychedelics and entactogens has explored the possibility that drugs displaying agonist activity at the 5-HT(2A/2C) sites temporally disrupt inhibitory neural mechanisms thought to intervene in the normal filtering of information. Suppression of the P50 auditory evoked potential (AEP) and prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI) are considered operational measures of sensory (P50 suppression) and sensorimotor (PPI) gating. Contrary to findings in lower animals, unexpected increases in sensorimotor gating have been found in humans following the administration of the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin and the serotonin releaser 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). In addition, to our knowledge P50 suppression has not been assessed previously in humans following the administration of a 5-HT(2A/2C) agonist.ObjectivesTo assess the effects of the acute administration of ayahuasca on P50 suppression and PPI in humans, in order to evaluate the drug's modulatory actions on these measures of sensory and sensorimotor gating.MethodsEighteen healthy volunteers with prior experience of psychedelic drug use participated in a clinical trial in which placebo or ayahuasca doses (0.6 mg and 0.85 mg DMT/kg body weight) were administered according to a double-blind, cross-over balanced design. P50 and startle reflex (pulse-alone and 60 ms, 120 ms, 240 ms and 2000 ms prepulse-to-pulse intervals) recordings were undertaken at 1.5 h and 2 h after drug intake, respectively.ResultsAyahuasca produced diverging effects on each of the two gating measures evaluated. Whereas significant dose-dependent reductions of P50 suppression were observed after ayahuasca, no significant effects were found on the startle response, its habituation rate, or on PPI at any of the prepulse-to-pulse intervals studied.ConclusionThe present findings indicate, at the doses tested, a decremental effect of ayahuasca on sensory gating, as measured by P50 suppression, and no distinct effects on sensorimotor gating, as measured by PPI.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2002-10-11", "publication_year": 2002, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-002-1237-5", "pubmed_id": "12474114", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-002-1237-5", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Plants, Medicinal, Psychotropic Drugs, Plant Extracts, Acoustic Stimulation, Analysis of Variance, Double-Blind Method, Sensory Thresholds, Psychomotor Performance, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Neural Inhibition, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Adult, Female, Male, Habituation, Psychophysiologic, Reflex, Startle, Surveys and Questionnaires", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"12474114\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2129582923" }, { "id": 2716, "title": "The pharmacology of psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "the pharmacology of psilocybin", "authors": "Passie T, Seifert J, Schneider U, Emrich HM.", "abstract": "Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is the major psychoactive alkaloid of some species of mushrooms distributed worldwide. These mushrooms represent a growing problem regarding hallucinogenic drug abuse. Despite its experimental medical use in the 1960s, only very few pharmacological data about psilocybin were known until recently. Because of its still growing capacity for abuse and the widely dispersed data this review presents all the available pharmacological data about psilocybin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2002-09-30", "publication_year": 2002, "doi": "10.1080/1355621021000005937", "pubmed_id": "14578010", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1355621021000005937", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Mice, Agaricales, Substance-Related Disorders, Serotonin, Receptors, Presynaptic, Hallucinogens, Somatoform Disorders, Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"14578010\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2884, "title": "Effects of psychodysleptic drug psilocybin on visual perception. Changes in brightness preference.", "normalized_title": "effects of psychodysleptic drug psilocybin on visual perception changes in brightness preference", "authors": "Fischer R, Hill RM, Warshay D.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "1969-01-31", "publication_year": 1969, "doi": "10.1007/bf01899102", "pubmed_id": "4389138", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01899102", "keywords": "Pupil, Humans, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Dilatation, Visual Perception, MMPI, Dark Adaptation, Light, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin, Discrimination, Psychological", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:15", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"4389138\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2000021284" }, { "id": 2895, "title": "2,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-amphetamine (STP): a new hallucinogenic drug.", "normalized_title": "2 5 dimethoxy 4 methyl amphetamine stp a new hallucinogenic drug", "authors": "Snyder SH, Faillace L, Hollister L.", "abstract": "We have assessed the effects in normal control volunteers of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-amphetamine, the chemical present in the hallucinogenic drug STP, in two independent trials. In low doses, this compound produces a mild euphoria. Doses greater than 3 milligrams may cause pronounced hallucinogenic effects lasting about 8 hours and similar to those produced by hallucinogenic doses of lysergic acid diethylamide, mescaline, and psilocybin. 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methyl-amphetamine, which is chemically related to mescaline and amphetamine, is about 100 times more potent as a hallucinogen than mescaline and only one-thirtieth as potent as lysergic acid diethylamide. Its psychological effects are not accentuated by chlorpromazine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "1967-10-31", "publication_year": 1967, "doi": "10.1126/science.158.3801.669", "pubmed_id": "4860952", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.158.3801.669", "keywords": "Pupil, Humans, Hallucinations, Catecholamines, Amphetamine, Mescaline, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Chlorpromazine, Hallucinogens, Euphoria, Perception, Psychopharmacology, Blood Pressure, Adult, Male, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:15", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"4860952\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2055598723" }, { "id": 2906, "title": "Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25). 38. Comparison with action of methysergide and psilocybin on test subjects.", "normalized_title": "lysergic acid diethylamide lsd 25 38 comparison with action of methysergide and psilocybin on test subjects", "authors": "Abramson HA, Rolo A.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "1965-08-31", "publication_year": 1965, "doi": "10.3109/02770906509106904", "pubmed_id": "5318626", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/02770906509106904", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Methysergide, Placebos, Drug Tolerance, Migraine Disorders, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:15", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"5318626\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2205661146" } ] }