{ "meta": { "tracker_site_url": "https://psilocybin-research.com", "publication_tracker_url": "https://psilocybin-research.com/", "generated_at_utc": "2026-07-09 21:29:18", "record_count": 1425 }, "papers": [ { "id": 301, "title": "Contribution of the Serotonin 5-HT2A Receptor to the Therapeutic Effect of Psilocin on Social Behavior Deficits in Mice Repeatedly Exposed to Social Defeat Stress", "normalized_title": "contribution of the serotonin 5 ht2a receptor to the therapeutic effect of psilocin on social behavior deficits in mice repeatedly exposed to social defeat stress", "authors": "Ibi Daisuke, Takaba Rika, Yoshida Keisuke, Kawase Ririna, Kitagawa Hiroko, Matsushita Momoko, Ito Kana, Uno Shoya, Nishimura Fumiya, Kitagaki Shinji, Hiramatsu Masayuki", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) exert hallucinogenic effects through stimulation of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors (5-HT2ARs) in the cerebral cortex. In recent years, numerous reports have demonstrated that psychedelics are effective in treating various psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and anxiety-related disorders. We have previously reported that administration of psilocin, the active metabolite of psilocybin, produces antidepressant-like effects in mice. Furthermore, we found that this effect is mediated by 5-HT2AR activation. Since depression and other psychiatric disorders often lead to impairments in social behavior (e.g., social avoidance), the present study examined the effects of psilocin on social avoidance behavior in mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a widely used model that closely models human psychosocial stress. Mice exposed to CSDS exhibited social avoidance behavior, whereas psilocin administration before the onset of CSDS had little effect on this behavior. In contrast, psilocin administration after the completion of CSDS ameliorated social avoidance in CSDS-exposed mice. This effect was blocked by pretreatment with a 5-HT2AR antagonist, indicating that psilocin exerts its therapeutic effects through 5-HT2AR activation. Taken together, psilocin exerts therapeutic effects on social avoidance behavior after stress through activation of 5-HT2AR, but not preventive effects when administered before stress, suggesting that psilocin may promote stress resilience rather than resistance.", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology Reports", "publication_date": "2026-08-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/npr2.70152", "pubmed_id": "42379141", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/npr2.70152", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Crossref", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-07 01:20:41", "raw_json": "{\"doi\":\"10.1002/npr2.70152\",\"reference_dois\":[\"10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.020\",\"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285\",\"10.1007/s00210‐023‐02778‐x\",\"10.3390/pharmaceutics17040411\",\"10.3389/fphar.2024.1391689\",\"10.1542/peds.2008‐1215\",\"10.1186/s12888‐023‐04681‐4\",\"10.1073/pnas.2312662120\",\"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.12.009\",\"10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.06.012\",\"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.029\",\"10.1016/j.neures.2022.12.015\",\"10.1038/nprot.2011.361\",\"10.1016/s0031‐9384(01)00490‐5\",\"10.1111/ejn.15812\",\"10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.016\",\"10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00493\",\"10.1016/j.neuron.2007.01.008\",\"10.1016/j.bbi.2012.12.017\"],\"reference_count\":19,\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166665532\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166665532\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970090557\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977593923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2430804118\",\"https://openalex.org/W2783004241\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127490177\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206083694\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293199581\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312054389\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389040484\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139664214\",\"display_name\":\"Daisuke Ibi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076092672\",\"display_name\":\"Rika Takaba\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079107661\",\"display_name\":\"Keisuke Yoshida\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8384-9418\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108412221\",\"display_name\":\"R. Kawase\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048244424\",\"display_name\":\"Hiroko Kitagawa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139661865\",\"display_name\":\"Momoko Matsushita\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139634014\",\"display_name\":\"Kana Ito\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030080970\",\"display_name\":\"Shoya Uno\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139632842\",\"display_name\":\"Fumiya Nishimura\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014830673\",\"display_name\":\"Shinji Kitagaki\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-7773\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139711108\",\"display_name\":\"Masayuki Hiramatsu\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210189692\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropsychopharmacology Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/npr2.70152\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Resilience,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166665532" }, { "id": 5677, "title": "CSF galanin and noradrenaline downregulation by psilocybin therapy in major depressive disorder.", "normalized_title": "csf galanin and noradrenaline downregulation by psilocybin therapy in major depressive disorder", "authors": "Paslawski W, Doyon D, Ekman CJ, Yngwe H, Mamula D, Zareba-Paslawska J, Beckman M, Xu ZD, Hökfelt T, Tiger M, Lundberg J, Svenningsson P.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a rapid-acting antidepressant, but its mechanism of action in major depressive disorder remains unclear. In this secondary analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trial with multimodal CSF and blood biomarker measurements, psilocybin selectively reduced CSF galanin and noradrenaline, implicating that normalization of these co-transmitters is a key pharmacodynamic signature.", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-07-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-026-02490-3", "pubmed_id": "42414566", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-026-02490-3", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-08 01:20:22", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:20:16", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42414566\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7167637338\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7167637338\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1981734883\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014887176\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040649786\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092170736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2175268588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2201607793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461590308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560044495\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205208574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386504040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405890096\",\"https://openalex.org/W7161294763\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026281113\",\"display_name\":\"Wojciech Pasławski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2141-4547\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026248580\",\"display_name\":\"D Doyon\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045856839\",\"display_name\":\"Carl Johan Ekman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3770-9385\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095379592\",\"display_name\":\"Hampus Yngwe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086436715\",\"display_name\":\"Dejan Mamula\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8215-7794\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027605872\",\"display_name\":\"Justyna Zarȩba-Pasławska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6193-5908\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065682565\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Beckman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-1863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024639719\",\"display_name\":\"Qing Xu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-7559\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140192339\",\"display_name\":\"Tomas Hökfelt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063179816\",\"display_name\":\"Mikael Tiger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-8125\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082468471\",\"display_name\":\"Johan Lundberg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-3936\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036364090\",\"display_name\":\"Per Svenningsson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6727-3802\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S175030738\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-026-02490-3\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7167637338" }, { "id": 5674, "title": "Psilocybe Poisoning: Pathophysiology, Classification and Treatment. A Clinical Case Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybe poisoning pathophysiology classification and treatment a clinical case review", "authors": "Omar Azuara-Antonio, Erika Rubí De La Cruz-Elizaldeb, José Eduardo Carmona-Rodriguez, Lesly Idaliht Hernandez-Martinez", "abstract": "The Psilocybe cubensis mushroom is recognized as the primary source of psilocybin in the Americas, occurring naturally across various regions. This fungus has a long history of use in Mesoamerican rituals due to its capacity to induce altered states of consciousness. The defining characteristic of Psilocybe mushrooms is their psilocybin content. Following ingestion, psilocybin is metabolized into psilocin, which acts as a potent serotonergic agonist by interacting with serotonin receptors. The resulting physiological and psychoactive effects are linked to the activity at 5-HT receptors within the central nervous system, along with the release of glutamate. Throughout history, diverse Mesoamerican cultures incorporated hallucinogenic mushroom consumption into their ritual ceremonies. The Aztecs, for example, revered them as Teonanácatl, or \" flesh of the gods,\" valuing their ability to shift the perception of reality. Interest in psilocybin has seen a resurgence in the scientific community, spanning from the ethnobotanical studies of R. Gordon Wasson in the 1950s to contemporary research into its therapeutic applications for depression. Studies have indicated that psilocybin can sustainably alleviate depressive symptoms, often with fewer side effects compared to conventional pharmacological treatments. The combination of the ancient ceremonial and religious use of Psilocybe mushrooms with their demonstrable therapeutic potential is prompting a reevaluation of their legal status as a Schedule I drug. Ongoing research is actively exploring the impact of psilocybin on various psychiatric disorders, yielding promising results, particularly in the treatment of major depressive disorder. As the evidence supporting its therapeutic benefits continues to accumulate, it suggests a future where these psychedelic compounds could play a vital role in global mental health.", "journal": "Mexican Journal of Medical Research ICSA", "publication_date": "2026-07-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.29057/mjmr.v14i28.16493", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.29057/mjmr.v14i28.16493", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Serotonergic, Hallucinogen, Trance, Psychology, Pharmacology, Traditional medicine, Medicine, Neuroscience, Serotonin Agonist, Ayahuasca, Agonist, Amphetamine, Psychiatry, 5-HT2 receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-07 01:20:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:20:16", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7167422156\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7167422156\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051415806\",\"display_name\":\"Omar Azuara-Antonio\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8648-4573\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140086242\",\"display_name\":\"Erika Rubí De La Cruz-Elizaldeb\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140068470\",\"display_name\":\"José Eduardo Carmona-Rodriguez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9952-3356\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5140080438\",\"display_name\":\"Lesly Idaliht Hernandez-Martinez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2027-9574\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210193124\",\"source_display_name\":\"Mexican Journal of Medical Research ICSA\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.29057/mjmr.v14i28.16493\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Review Article,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7167422156" }, { "id": 3978, "title": "Trajectories of psychedelic-assisted change: An observational study of a psilocybin retreat program followed by psychotherapeutic interventions", "normalized_title": "trajectories of psychedelic assisted change an observational study of a psilocybin retreat program followed by psychotherapeutic interventions", "authors": "Whitfield Henry J., Schepers Jan, Mason Natasha L., Luca Maria, Kuypers Kim P. C.", "abstract": "Abstract Despite growing interest in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, research investigating the psychotherapeutic components is lacking. This leaves unanswered questions regarding the psychotherapy's necessity and form. This observational study addresses this gap by measuring the outcomes of a psilocybin truffle retreat, followed by the outcomes of two psychotherapy interventions that targeted psychological content from the retreat ( n = 50). Participants attended an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-informed psilocybin retreat program followed by psychotherapy. Mid-data collection the psychotherapy intervention was revised: ACT-SPT ( n = 23; self-perspective taking and cognitive defusion) was altered to ACT-PMNR ( n = 27; Psychedelic Memory Network Reexperiencing). Both approaches aimed to support long-term psychological change. Participants completed measures of Depression, Anxiety, Stress (DASS-21), Valued Living (VLQ), and measures of Psychological Flexibility, Mindfulness, Cognitive Fusion, Well-being and Life Functioning at four time points: baseline, post-psilocybin, post-psychotherapy and follow-up. For the combined effect of retreat and subsequent interventions, a Linear Mixed Model (LMM) analysis found significant changes in all measures. Comparing psychotherapy trajectories, there was a significant Time × Intervention interaction for DASS-21 (Anxiety), CORE-5 (Well-being, Life Functioning). During the post-psilocybin period, ACT-SPT trajectories drifted towards baseline levels, whilst ACT-PMNR continued to improve. Long-term LMM follow-up of ACT-PMNR trajectories showed significant change across all measures. Penalized spline growth curves showed that post-therapy change exceeded baseline-to-post-retreat change. At follow-up these trajectories often sustained or further improved. Conclusions Targeted post-psilocybin interventions may further build on the initial psilocybin retreat result. These interventions may drive measurable changes in the specific domains they engage. Randomized studies are warranted to confirm these findings.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2026-07-02", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2026.00530", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00530", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Crossref", "date_added": "2026-07-04 01:20:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:20:16", "raw_json": 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J. Whitfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016439728\",\"display_name\":\"Jan Schepers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6511-7651\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139963227\",\"display_name\":\"Natasha L. Mason\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017592857\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Luca\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0416-4718\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024651565\",\"display_name\":\"Kim P. C. Kuypers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-3809\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00530\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Psychological Flexibility,Observational Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7167262029" }, { "id": 3975, "title": "Sexual identity as a moderator of associations between lifetime MDMA/ecstasy or psilocybin use and mental health outcomes: An exploratory analysis of a nationally representative sample using NSDUH 2015-2019", "normalized_title": "sexual identity as a moderator of associations between lifetime mdma ecstasy or psilocybin use and mental health outcomes an exploratory analysis of a nationally representative sample using nsduh 2015 2019", "authors": "Seale M.", "abstract": "Abstract Purpose Lifetime MDMA/ecstasy and psilocybin use have been associated with lower odds of psychological distress, suicidality, and depressive episodes, but these associations may vary by marginalized identity. Building on minorities' diminished psychedelic returns (MDPR) framework and extending Jones and Nock's race/ethnicity moderation work, this study tests whether sexual identity moderates them. Methods This cross-sectional secondary analysis used pooled NSDUH 2015-2019 data (N = 210,392 adults). Survey-weighted logistic regressions tested whether sexual identity moderated associations between lifetime MDMA/ecstasy or psilocybin use and six mental health outcomes. In a two-step exploratory design, full-sample interactions were screened first, with subgroup models tested only for substance-outcome combinations showing significant moderation (p ≤.05). Results Lifetime MDMA/ecstasy and psilocybin use were more common among bisexual and lesbian/gay than heterosexual respondents. Bisexual identity moderated psilocybin associations with past-year suicidal ideation (p =.03579) and severe past-year major depressive episode (MDE; p =.04950); no other interactions were significant. In subgroup models, psilocybin was associated with reduced severe past-year MDE among heterosexual (aOR = 0.85 [0.74, 0.98], p =.03170) but not bisexual respondents. No subgroups showed a psilocybin-suicidal-ideation association. Conclusion This data provides little support for MDPR as applied to sexual identity: most sexual-identity-by-substance interactions were null and none survived false-discovery-rate correction. The two psilocybin-bisexual signals are hypothesis-generating at most, but the bisexual specificity suggests differences in social and integration support may shape whether psychedelic exposure benefits mental health.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-07-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-10208910/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10208910/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-03 01:20:31", "last_checked": "2026-07-09 01:20:12", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1264241\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3812, "title": "Past-Year Psilocybin and Alcohol Co-Use: Associations With Mental Health Symptoms", "normalized_title": "past year psilocybin and alcohol co use associations with mental health symptoms", "authors": "Hummel Haley M., Obrochta Alexia N., Kerr David C. R., Cservenka Anita", "abstract": "Interest has grown in the effects of psilocybin on mental health, but little is known about its naturalistic use alongside alcohol and its relationship to depression and/or anxiety symptoms. Data from the nationally-representative 2024 National Survey Investigating Hallucinogenic Trends of participants who did ( n = 1234) or did not ( n = 1607) report past-year psilocybin and alcohol co-use were compared on depressive and anxiety symptoms and poor mental health days. Weighted regressions adjusted for age, sex, survey collection period, race, ethnicity, and past-year cannabis and other psychedelic use. Individuals with psilocybin and alcohol co-use had fewer depressive symptoms ( B (SE) = −.57(.28), β = −.04, p =.043) than those who used alcohol without psilocybin, suggesting potential benefits of psilocybin in individuals with co-use. After removing cannabis and other psychedelic use covariates, psilocybin use was also related to lower anxiety symptoms. However, given the observational and self-report study design, causal inferences cannot be made. Thus, longitudinal and experimental studies are needed.", "journal": "Journal of Drug Issues", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/00220426261466154", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426261466154", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Crossref", "date_added": "2026-07-02 06:54:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:28", "raw_json": "{\"doi\":\"10.1177/00220426261466154\",\"reference_dois\":[\"10.52965/001c.127794\",\"10.2196/15830\",\"10.1001/jamahealthforum.2025.4011\",\"10.1007/s11469-023-01163-2\",\"10.1111/acer.14518\",\"10.1111/adb.13229\",\"10.15288/jsa.1993.54.326\",\"10.1037/1040-3590.6.2.117\",\"10.1080/09687637.2023.2236291\",\"10.20944/preprints202506.1536.v1\",\"10.1097/01.alc.0000081617.37539.d6\",\"10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00955\",\"10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112749\",\"10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.108\",\"10.15288/jsad.23-00312\",\"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100286\",\"10.1080/02791072.2022.2044096\",\"10.15288/jsa.2001.62.190\",\"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.3038\",\"10.1556/2054.2023.00243\",\"10.1007/s00213-011-2236-1\",\"10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010\",\"10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x\",\"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104507\",\"10.1177/02698811241292956\",\"10.3390/molecules26102948\",\"10.1016/0306-4603(96)00042-1\",\"10.1136/bmj-2023-078084\",\"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1429373\",\"10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1199642\",\"10.1038/s41429-020-0311-8\",\"10.1073/pnas.1524187113\",\"10.1111/add.13757\",\"10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19010035\",\"10.7326/annals-24-03145\",\"10.3389/fpsyg.2021.729425\",\"10.1038/s44220-026-00630-8\",\"10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092\",\"10.1080/02791072.2022.2039815\",\"10.1038/nrn2884\",\"10.1146/annurev-psych-040422-045007\"],\"reference_count\":50,\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166830239\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166830239\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2022417404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112692374\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118588896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129497492\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139781346\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167163337\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589841225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981471416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3102139776\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204171992\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213229867\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214488648\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293870301\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294308393\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323049021\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385304034\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386861633\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387035369\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400043767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401821604\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403848501\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403895310\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406091421\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409632414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411500561\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414440106\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415929140\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416008630\",\"https://openalex.org/W7151101131\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107648241\",\"display_name\":\"Haley M Hummel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116118092\",\"display_name\":\"Alexia N Obrochta\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139789016\",\"display_name\":\"David C. R. Kerr\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088076764\",\"display_name\":\"Anita Cservenka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0813-5201\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S57770130\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Drug Issues\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426261466154\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166830239" }, { "id": 3811, "title": "Investigating the impact of serotonergic psychedelic drugs, MDMA and ketamine on social cognition in psychiatric disorders: A scoping review.", "normalized_title": "investigating the impact of serotonergic psychedelic drugs mdma and ketamine on social cognition in psychiatric disorders a scoping review", "authors": "Smith SA, Mohammad H, Lee LHN, Dennett L, Smith S, Burback L, Winkler O, Greenshaw A, Jetly R, Kennedy SH, Bhat V, Swainson J, Vermetten E, Cao B, Li XM, Zhang Y.", "abstract": "RationaleInterest in psychedelic drugs has increased rapidly because of their potential therapeutic role in psychiatric disorders. Impairments in the sociocognitive skills needed to build and maintain social relationships are prominent features of many psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that compounds such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and psilocybin may influence these impairments.ObjectivesThis review aimed to determine whether psychedelic drugs may modulate social cognition in individuals with psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders associated with cognitive impairment.MethodsA search of the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Scopus databases was conducted. Twenty studies were identified that evaluated the effects of ketamine, MDMA, psilocybin, LSD, and ayahuasca in depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).ResultsFindings included neural activation patterns suggesting that ketamine and psilocybin may modulate processes relevant to social perception, particularly facial emotion processing, in depressive disorders. Positive findings were also reported for MDMA in participants with PTSD, including improvements in self-reported psychosocial functioning, self-awareness, and self-compassion.ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggests that psychedelic drugs may modulate processes relevant to social cognition in psychiatric disorders, although direct evidence of improved social-cognitive functioning remains limited.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-026-07110-y", "pubmed_id": "42380668", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-026-07110-y", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 13:00:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:23", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42380668\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3662, "title": "Efficacy in Relapse Prevention: Psilocybin in Alcohol Use Disorder With Depressive Symptoms", "normalized_title": "efficacy in relapse prevention psilocybin in alcohol use disorder with depressive symptoms", "authors": "Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes", "abstract": "Up to 40% of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) experience depression, which increases the risk of early relapse. Depression can cause relapse to occur 3 times faster in individuals with AUD who experience depressive symptoms at discharge. No treatments have been approved for individuals with both AUD and depression. Psilocybin, a psychedelic, shows promising results in treating both depression and addiction. It may be particularly effective for preventing relapse in people with AUD who also have depressive symptoms after detoxification, offering quicker action than traditional antidepressants. The Psilocybin Alcohol Depression (PAD) pilot study, launched in February 2024, has provided critical insights for avoiding methodological flaws and demonstrated that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is both feasible and acceptable. Preliminary efficacy analyses were conducted: at 12 weeks, the 25 mg group showed significantly greater reductions in drinking days (p = 0.038) and craving frequency (p = 0.045). Relapse rates were 35% in the 25 mg group and 50% in the control group (HR = 0.52 \\[0.16-1.65\\]). In the ERPPAD trial, the study authors will compare high-dose PAP with low-dose PAP in preventing relapse in individuals with AUD and depressive symptoms. The hypothesis is that high-dose PAP will be more effective than low-dose in preventing relapse over 6 months.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07638553", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Depressive Sympotoms, Psilocybin, Psilocybin (high dose), Psilocybin (low dose), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-07 01:23:04", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07638553\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3002, "title": "Modeled Long-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Dynamic Activity and Effective Connectivity of Fronto-Striatal-Thalamic Circuits.", "normalized_title": "modeled long term effects of psilocybin on dynamic activity and effective connectivity of fronto striatal thalamic circuits", "authors": "Pasquini L, Vohryzek J, Escrichs A, Perl YS, Ponce-Alvarez A, Idesis S, Girn M, Roseman L, Mitchell JM, Gazzaley A, Kringelbach M, Nutt DJ, Lyons T, Carhart-Harris RL, Deco G.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has been shown to induce fast and sustained symptoms improvements across various psychiatric conditions, yet its long-term mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Initial evidence suggests that longitudinal functional and structural brain changes implicate fronto-striatal-thalamic (FST) circuitry, a broad system involved in goal-directed behavior and motivational states. Here, we performed secondary analyses and applied computational modeling to resting-state fMRI data from a within-subject longitudinal psilocybin trial in psychedelic-naïve healthy volunteers. We first showed that dynamic FST activity increased 4 weeks after a full dose of psilocybin. We then proceeded to mechanistically account for these changes by providing tentative model-based support that reductions in the structure-function coupling contribute to increased dynamic FST activity postpsilocybin. Finally, we used computational approaches to show that psilocybin induces longitudinal increases in bottom-up and reduced top-down modulation of FST circuits. We then used publicly available receptor maps to show that cortical reductions in top-down modulation are linked to regional 5-HT2A receptor availability, while increased information outflow via subcortical and limbic regions relates to local D2 receptor availability. Together, these findings suggest that increased FST flexibility weeks after a high dose of psilocybin is linked to serotonergic-mediated decreases in top-down information flow and dopaminergic-mediated increases in bottom-up information flow. This long-term functional re-organization of FST circuits may represent a common mechanism contributing to the potential clinical efficacy of psilocybin across various neuropsychiatric disorders including substance abuse, major depression, and anorexia nervosa.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/hbm.70596", "pubmed_id": "42381187", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70596", "keywords": "Thalamus, Corpus Striatum, Frontal Lobe, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Humans, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Longitudinal Studies, Models, Neurological, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Connectome, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:22", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42381187\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 58, "title": "MFCC-DFT mapping of ligand recognition at the 5-HT2A receptor: energetic analysis of the interactions between serotonin, psychedelics, and antipsychotics.", "normalized_title": "mfcc dft mapping of ligand recognition at the 5 ht2a receptor energetic analysis of the interactions between serotonin psychedelics and antipsychotics", "authors": "Junior WSC, Bezerra KS, Matias EGC, Oliveira JIN, Fulco UL.", "abstract": "Mental disorders represent a major global health problem, with depression being one of the most prevalent and disabling conditions worldwide. Growing evidence suggests that the serotonergic system, particularly the 5-HT2A receptor, plays an important role in modulating mood and cognitive processes, constituting a key pharmacological target for several psychoactive compounds. In this study, we investigated the molecular interaction profile between the 5-HT2A receptor and four pharmacologically relevant ligands, serotonin (5-HT), psilocybin/psilocin (PSILO), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and lumateperone (LMTP). Interaction energies were evaluated using the molecular fragmentation with conjugated caps (MFCC) method combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Crystallographic structures were used as initial models, and residue-level interaction energies were calculated to identify the amino acids that contribute most to ligand stabilization at the receptor binding site. The results reveal that the complexes exhibit total interaction energies ranging from -35.38 to -71.98 kcal mol-1 under dielectric conditions representative of the protein environment. Key residues such as Asp155, Phe339, Leu229, and Val366 were identified as the main contributors to ligand stabilization in the studied systems, highlighting their role as structural anchors within the orthosteric binding pocket. Energy decomposition further revealed distinct interaction patterns associated with different regions of the ligand. Therefore, this study provides a detailed energetic characterization of ligand recognition in the 5-HT2A receptor and offers details that may contribute to the rational design of new serotonergic agents with potential for therapeutic applications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1039/d6cp00943c", "pubmed_id": "42300394", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6cp00943c", "keywords": "Humans, Serotonin, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Antipsychotic Agents, Hallucinogens, Ligands, Binding Sites, Thermodynamics, Psilocybin, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings, Density Functional Theory", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:23", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42300394\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 20, "title": "Psilocybin as a novel treatment for chronic pain.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a novel treatment for chronic pain", "authors": "Askey T, Lasrado R, Maiarú M, Stephens GJ", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs are under active consideration for clinical use and have generated significant interest for their potential as anti-nociceptive treatments for chronic pain, and for addressing conditions like depression, frequently co-morbid with pain. This review primarily explores the utility of preclinical animal models in investigating the potential of psilocybin as an anti-nociceptive agent. Initial studies involving psilocybin in animal models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain are summarised, alongside areas where further research is needed. The potential mechanisms of action, including targeting serotonergic pathways through the activation of 5-HT receptors at both spinal and central levels, as well as neuroplastic actions that improve functional connectivity in brain regions involved in chronic pain, are considered. Current clinical aspects and the translational potential of psilocybin from animal models to chronic pain patients are reviewed. Also discussed is psilocybin's profile as an ideal anti-nociceptive agent, with a wide range of effects against chronic pain and its associated inflammatory or emotional components. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities for Psychedelic and Related Drugs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v183.14/issuetoc.", "journal": "British journal of pharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/bph.17420", "pubmed_id": "39614355", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39614355/", "keywords": "neuropathic pain, neuroplasticity, nociplastic pain, psilocybin, psychedelic drugs, serotonergic signalling", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:06", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"39614355\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Animal Study,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 19, "title": "The Australia story: Current status and future challenges for the clinical applications of psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "the australia story current status and future challenges for the clinical applications of psychedelics", "authors": "Nutt DJ, Hunt P, Schlag AK, Fitzgerald P", "abstract": "The past decade has seen a huge increase in clinical research with psychedelic drugs and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), which have revealed great potential for treating mental health conditions. Given this progress in research, as well as the current unmet clinical need of millions of patients, in 2023, the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) approved the use of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression and MDMA for PTSD to take effect from 1 July 2023. The campaign for TGA approval was led by a coalition comprising the Australian charity Mind Medicine Australia with support from Professor David Nutt, Drug Science, Professor Arthur Christopolous, Professor Chris Langmead (both from Monash University) and from large numbers of clinical, academic and patient groups. Under the rescheduling, current prescribing rights are limited to psychiatrists who have become authorised prescribers under the TGA's Authorised Prescriber Scheme, and psilocybin can only be used for treatment resistant depression and MDMA can only be used for PTSD. This paper reviews the background for this decision, its implications for approvals in other jurisdictions, as well as for the development pathways for other psychedelic drugs. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities for Psychedelic and Related Drugs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v183.14/issuetoc.", "journal": "British journal of pharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/bph.17398", "pubmed_id": "39701143", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39701143/", "keywords": "3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), Australia, psilocybin, psychedelics, therapeutic goods administration (TGA)", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:06", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"39701143\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 18, "title": "Neuropsychopharmacology of hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic 5-HT receptor agonists.", "normalized_title": "neuropsychopharmacology of hallucinogenic and non hallucinogenic 5 ht receptor agonists", "authors": "Sharp T, Ippolito A", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs such as LSD and psilocin were once relegated to the fringes of medical research because of their association with counterculture movements and a perceived concern about harm through recreational use, and their consequent legal prohibition in the early 1970s. However, these drugs are now experiencing a renaissance in the field of psychiatry based on increasing evidence that they can produce long-lasting improvements in health across a wide variety of mental illnesses, including major depression, addictions and anxiety disorders. These drugs interact with many different 5-HT receptor subtypes but the powerful psychedelic experience, which (depending on set and setting) includes profound alterations in perception, mood and cognition, accompanied by vivid hallucinations, is now widely considered mediated by an agonist action at 5-HT receptors. However, the link between the psychedelic experience, 5-HT receptor agonism and therapeutic effects is currently uncertain. Indeed, recent research has revealed a new class of 5-HT receptor agonists which appear to retain the therapeutic potential of psychedelics drugs without inducing disorienting hallucinatory experiences. Biased signalling, partial agonism and non-selectivity at the 5-HT receptor are amongst the possible explanations for the differential properties of these drugs, whereas increased neuroplasticity offers a likely account of their common therapeutic effects. This article explores the neuropsychopharmacological properties of hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic 5-HT receptor agonists in the context of their promise as novel drug treatments in psychiatry. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities for Psychedelic and Related Drugs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v183.14/issuetoc.", "journal": "British journal of pharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/bph.70050", "pubmed_id": "40405723", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40405723/", "keywords": "5-HT, 5-HT2A receptor, antidepressant, hallucinogens, psychedelics, serotonin", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:06", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40405723\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 17, "title": "Psychedelics, entactogens and psychoplastogens for depression and related disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics entactogens and psychoplastogens for depression and related disorders", "authors": "Hoyer D", "abstract": "Currently, the most actively investigated rapidly acting antidepressants, anxiolytics and/or anti PTSD agents, include psychedelics e.g. psilocybin, LSD, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, ayahuasca; non-hallucinogenic entactogens, e.g. MDMA; psychoplastogens which rapidly promote neuroplasticity, e.g. ibogaine, ketamine and esketamine; and other atypicals e.g. dextromorphan/bupropion, esmethadone. Late-stage clinical trials support psychedelics and/or MDMA-assisted psychotherapy as rapidly acting treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD), treatment-resistant depression (TRD), PTSD or generalised anxiety disorders (GAD). Psilocybin, MDMA and LSD were granted FDA breakthrough status for TRD/MDD, PTSD and GAD, respectively, although FDA recently rejected the new drug application of MDMA in PTSD. Most of these drugs target the 5-HT and monoamine systems. Classical psychedelics act as 5-HT receptor agonists, although LSD, DMT and psilocybin target other 5-HT and/or dopamine receptors. Psychedelic-dependent 5-HT receptor agonism also has profound anti-(neuro)inflammatory effects. Advanced imaging studies suggest that brain 5-HT levels are reduced in depression. Functional magnetic resonance studies show that neural networks (cortico thalamic, salience, default mode) are profoundly impaired in depression. Such network defects are corrected upon psychedelic/entactogen treatment, offering a unique opportunity to serve as biomarkers for depression, anxiety and PTSD precision medicine trials. Psychedelics and entactogens target common end pathways, namely neuroplasticity/synaptogenesis, either directly via monoamine or glutamate receptors and/or indirectly, via BDNF and mTORC1 pathways. Together, these findings strongly support a biological basis for MDD, GAD, PTSD and related conditions, which can be considered as mixed biochemical, neurological and neuroimmune disorders, and are profoundly modified by psychedelics, entactogens and the newly developed psychoplastogens. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities for Psychedelic and Related Drugs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v183.14/issuetoc.", "journal": "British journal of pharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/bph.70088", "pubmed_id": "40518133", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40518133/", "keywords": "5-HT (serotonin), Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Empathogens, Entactogens, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine), Post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), Psychedelics, Psychoplastogens, Treatment resistant depression (TRD)", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:06", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40518133\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 14, "title": "Psychedelics as pharmacotherapeutics for substance use disorders: A scoping review on clinical trials and perspectives on underlying neurobiology.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics as pharmacotherapeutics for substance use disorders a scoping review on clinical trials and perspectives on underlying neurobiology", "authors": "Wittenkeller L, Gudelsky G, Winhusen TJ, Amato D", "abstract": "Psychedelics have garnered great attention in recent years as treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression because of their ability to alter consciousness and afflicted cognitive processes with lasting effects. We aimed to characterise how psychedelics are currently being investigated to treat substance use disorders (SUDs). Additionally, we aimed to summarise the available literature on the dopaminergic consequences of classic psychedelics in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a foundational component of SUDs, to understand how psychedelics may be therapeutically relevant for SUDs from a neurobiological perspective. Two scoping review approaches adhering to PRISMA-SCR guidelines were conducted. The first screened for ongoing clinical trials utilising psychedelics for SUD treatment registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. The second screened for in vivo microdialysis studies measuring psychedelic-induced changes in extracellular NAc dopamine in rats, found using PubMed, SCOPUS or Google Scholar. Thirty-four unique clinical trials were identified targeting alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine, and opioid use disorders and mostly consisting of open-label trials lacking placebo-treated controls. The most common SUD investigated was alcohol use disorder (AUD). Following stringent exclusion criteria, four publications were identified that measured extracellular dopamine in the NAc following systemic administration of psilocybin or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). A sustained mild increase of dopamine was observed that was unique to high-dose psilocybin. In addition to known therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelics, findings herein suggest that psilocybin may support dopamine homeostasis through restoration of tonic dopamine levels. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities for Psychedelic and Related Drugs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v183.14/issuetoc.", "journal": "British journal of pharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/bph.70181", "pubmed_id": "40891276", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40891276/", "keywords": "MDMA, addiction, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic-assisted therapy, substance use disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:06", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40891276\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 8, "title": "Acute dose-dependent effects of 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) compared with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy participants.", "normalized_title": "acute dose dependent effects of 4 bromo 2 5 dimethoxyphenethylamine 2c b compared with 3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine mdma and psilocybin in a double blind placebo controlled study in healthy participants", "authors": "Arikci D, Borgulya J, Straumann I, Vizeli P, Luethi D, Thomann J, Rudin D, Vukalovic I, Eckert A, Liechti ME, Holze F", "abstract": "Based on its in vitro profile and preliminary evidence, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) may have psychoactive properties that are similar to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin, which are investigated for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive disorders. We compared acute effects of 2C-B (10, 20, and 30 mg), 125 mg MDMA, and 25 mg psilocybin in 24 healthy participants (12 women, 12 men) using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Outcome measures included acute subjective effects, autonomic effects, adverse effects, effects on emotional and cognitive empathy, plasma oxytocin and neurophysin I concentrations, and pharmacokinetics up to 9 h. 2C-B produced dose-dependent subjective effects, with the 30 mg dose exerting comparable \"any drug effects\" to MDMA but lower \"any drug effects\" than psilocybin. Only psilocybin induced \"bad drug effects\" and \"anxiety\" compared with placebo. The 30 mg dose of 2C-B induced psychedelic-type alterations of state of consciousness and increased emotional empathy similarly to MDMA. The average subjective effect duration of 30 mg 2C-B was 4.9 h and similar to MDMA (4.8 h) and shorter than psilocybin (6.1 h). MDMA produced the highest cardiovascular stimulation, followed by psilocybin and 2C-B. Only MDMA increased plasma oxytocin and neurophysin I concentrations. 2C-B exhibited dose-proportional pharmacokinetics, with a plasma elimination half-life of ~1.3 h. The 30 mg dose of 2C-B induced entactogenic and psychedelic effects similarly to MDMA and psilocybin, respectively. MDMA is more cardiostimulant than psilocybin and 2C-B. At the tested dose-level, psilocybin is more distressing than MDMA and 2C-B. These results may assist with dose-finding for future 2C-B research and provide a direct comparison with standard doses of the prototypical compounds MDMA and psilocybin. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05523401.", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology: official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-026-02428-9", "pubmed_id": "42049943", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42049943/", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-08 01:20:05", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"42049943\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Pharmacology,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,In Vitro Study,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 302, "title": "Chronic psilocin microdosing produces limited behavioral effects and does not enhance neurogenesis in rats.", "normalized_title": "chronic psilocin microdosing produces limited behavioral effects and does not enhance neurogenesis in rats", "authors": "Ladislavová L, Kútná V, Mazochová K, Šíchová K, Danda H, Lhotková E, Uttl L, Brejtr V, Syrová K, Mazoch V, Horsley R, Páleníček T.", "abstract": "Psilocin (4-hydroxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine) is a substituted tryptamine alkaloid and a nonselective serotonergic agonist acting predominantly at 5-HT2A/C receptors, with substantial binding to 5-HT1A and 5-HT2B receptors. Microdosing is the practice of taking a very small, sub-perceptual dose, typically 5% to 10% of a full recreational dose, to improve mood, creativity, and focus without hallucinogenic effects. However, rigorous preclinical evidence for its behavioral and neurobiological effects remains limited. We therefore examined whether chronic psilocin microdosing alters behavior and dentate gyrus (DG) cell proliferation in adult male Wistar rats. Psilocin was administered subcutaneously at 0.05 or 0.075 mg/kg. Animals received six doses of psilocin or saline on alternate days over 18 days prior to the first behavioral assessment, and microdosing on alternate days continued between behavioral tasks for five weeks. To minimize acute drug effects, all behavioral assessments were performed 48 h after the preceding dose. Animals were tested sequentially in the Elevated Plus Maze, Hole-Board, Open Field, Social Interaction, and modified Forced Swim Test, with six-day intervals between tests. DG cell proliferation was quantified by BrdU and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. Across this regimen, psilocin microdosing did not measurably affect locomotor activity, depressive-like behavior, sociability, or novelty seeking, and it did not increase DG proliferation by either marker. A small anxiogenic effect was detected in the Elevated Plus Maze. These data indicate that, under the present dosing schedule and endpoints, chronic psilocin microdosing produces limited behavioral effects and does not enhance hippocampal progenitor proliferation in rats.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-06-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.pbb.2026.174231", "pubmed_id": "42379524", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2026.174231", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-07 01:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42379524\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neurogenesis,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Microdosing,Creativity,Animal Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3561, "title": "The Efficacy of Psilocybin Therapy for Depression in Parkinson's Disease", "normalized_title": "the efficacy of psilocybin therapy for depression in parkinson s disease", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to understand whether people with Parkinson's Disease and depression have improvement in their symptoms after psilocybin therapy. This is a randomized controlled trial of oral psilocybin therapy for depression in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). The primary goal is to examine efficacy of psilocybin therapy in this patient population. Investigators will enroll participants with clinically diagnosed early to moderate stage Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr Stage 1-3 during an \"on\" period), who meet criteria for moderate or greater depression severity and meet all other inclusion and exclusion criteria at screening. Participants will complete two drug administration sessions where they will each receive a dose of oral psilocybin ranging from low (\"microdose\") to high in a medically monitored setting with psychotherapeutic support. Participants will also complete a series of psychotherapy sessions before and after each drug administration session. Clinical assessments will be used to quantify changes in depression as well as other relevant outcomes (non-motor and motor symptoms of PD, cognitive performance, quality of life). Follow-up will continue to 3 months after the second session. Endpoints will evaluate efficacy, safety, and tolerability of study procedures. After posting of these trial results, this data will be combined with the data from the trial at UCSF (NCT06455293) for publication purposes.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07610369", "keywords": "Depression, Parkinson's Disease (PD), Psilocybin (drug), 4-phosphoryloxy- N, N-dimethyltryptamine, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-05 01:22:40", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07610369\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 24, "title": "Psilocybin reduces fear memory and restores neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin reduces fear memory and restores neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex", "authors": "Du Y, Zhao X, Yao Y, Li Y, Wang G, Zhang L.", "abstract": "BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder are often comorbid in humans. Psilocybin reportedly has beneficial therapeutic effects on depression, possibly by promoting neuroplasticity. PTSD is associated with the dysregulation of neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We hypothesized that psilocybin might reduce fear memory by promoting neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and mPFC.AimsWe investigated the effects of psilocybin on fear memory and explored its underlying mechanisms. We generated a mouse model of PTSD via auditory-cued fear conditioning and treated the mice with either vehicle or psilocybin (2.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) on day 0. Fear memory was assessed by the percentage of freezing time in response to conditioned stimuli. Fear memory tests were conducted on days 1, 6, and 7, after which the mice were sacrificed. To investigate the role of neuroplasticity in mediating the effects of psilocybin on fear memory, we assessed structural neuroplasticity and neuroplasticity-associated marker protein levels in the hippocampus and mPFC 7 days after a single dose of psilocybin.ResultsPsilocybin reduced the cue-induced fear response on days 1, 6, and 7. Psilocybin ameliorated the fear conditioning-induced decreases in neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and mPFC. Through Golgi-Cox staining, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining, we found that psilocybin increased dendritic branches and spine density, upregulated GluR1 and synapsin-1, enhanced brain-derived neurotrophic factor and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, and promoted neurogenesis.ConclusionsA single dose of psilocybin reduces both the rapid and sustained fear memory in mice, at least in part by restoring neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and mPFC. These findings indicate that psilocybin has significant potential for use in the treatment of PTSD and other mental disorders characterized by fear memory.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-27", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02698811261453819", "pubmed_id": "42365496", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811261453819", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-05 01:20:22", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42365496\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166436963\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166436963\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W170792860\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980452424\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994547251\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036499082\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084108505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112188963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592144218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901904956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2927237494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2936046802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2963792090\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992679405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2997242667\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003581149\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3100215548\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112503127\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126370177\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157927787\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165027302\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169261903\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178121559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210509042\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231265947\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146113\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318755662\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401212791\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134867509\",\"display_name\":\"Y J Du\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103220890\",\"display_name\":\"Xinyi Zhao\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6483-6148\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5127702000\",\"display_name\":\"Yishan Yao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139523749\",\"display_name\":\"Yunfeng Li\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088725738\",\"display_name\":\"Guyan Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-5472\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101545617\",\"display_name\":\"Liming Zhang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9071-8985\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811261453819\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166436963" }, { "id": 3522, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Physician Well-Being and Burnout: Feasibility, Safety, Clinical Effectiveness and Biomarkers of Response [PAT-B (Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Physician Well-Being and Burnout)]", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for physician well being and burnout feasibility safety clinical effectiveness and biomarkers of response pat b psilocybin assisted therapy for physician well being and burnout", "authors": "University of California, San Diego", "abstract": "Through an open-label study involving a small group of UCSD physicians experiencing burnout, the investigators will evaluate the feasibility, safety, and preliminary effectiveness of PAT to reduce burnout symptoms. Physician burnout is a critical issue. Research shows that physician burnout is increasing, that physicians suffer higher rates of burnout than the general population, and that physician burnout is associated with poor mental health outcomes. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring alkaloid within certain fungi that elicits acute perceptual, cognitive, and emotional changes when ingested, due to action on neurotransmitter and neurocirculatory systems. The combination of psilocybin with psychological support, termed Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (PAT), is a promising new mental health intervention shown to produce rapid and sustained improvements in psychological domains affected in burnout. PAT demonstrates preliminary efficacy as a treatment for depression and substance use disorders, is associated with brain changes measured with electroencephalography (EEG) and is a strong candidate treatment for physician burnout. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of PAT to enhance well-being in University of California, San Diego (UCSD) physicians experiencing burnout. A secondary aim is to identify neurophysiological changes associated with response to PAT. Physicians experiencing burnout will be recruited in an open-label trial involving preparatory therapy sessions, psilocybin treatment, and post-treatment integration. Burnout will be measured with the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index (PFI).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06814522", "keywords": "Burnout, Burnout, Healthcare Workers, Psilocybin, [3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-02 23:06:03", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06814522\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3026, "title": "Divergent changes in perturbation-induced brain reconfiguration following depression treatment with psilocybin and escitalopram", "normalized_title": "divergent changes in perturbation induced brain reconfiguration following depression treatment with psilocybin and escitalopram", "authors": "Dagnino, P. C.; Acero-Pousa, I.; Carhart-Harris, R.; Erritzoe, D.; Nutt, D. J.; Kringelbach, M. L.; Sanz Perl, Y.; Deco, G.", "abstract": "A central challenge in neuroscience is understanding how the human brain is organised to support optimal functioning and adaptability. One approach to characterise complex brain dynamics is by artificially perturbing whole-brain models. Here, we asked whether whole-brain organisation under perturbation in major depressive disorder (MDD) changes after intervention with psilocybin and escitalopram. First, we built whole-brain models of pre- and post-treatment resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and obtained an initial generative effective connectivity (GEC) matrix for each individual. Then, we employed systematic and local artificial perturbations across intensities, re-optimised each model to create a response GEC (GECr), and assessed the extent of brain reorganisation by quantifying the brain network reconfiguration index (NRI). Our results showed that the global brain NRI increases with psilocybin and decreases with escitalopram. Across sessions and interventions, higher global NRI was related with localised perturbations in brain areas orchestrating the brains hierarchical dynamics. Traditional approaches complemented our investigation. Our findings suggest distinct neural changes following each treatment for MDD. The increase in brain reorganisation under perturbation following psilocybin is consistent with greater brain flexibility and changeability, whereas the decrease following escitalopram suggests more stabilised brain dynamics. Overall, perturbation-induced brain NRI may represent a useful approach for uncovering neural changes following different interventions for depression.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2026-06-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.64898/2026.06.22.733731", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.06.22.733731", "keywords": "neuroscience", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-03 01:22:13", "raw_json": "{\"server\":\"biorxiv\",\"version\":\"1\",\"category\":\"neuroscience\",\"type\":\"new results\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3595, "title": "Acute Effects of MDMA Co-administration on the Response to Psilocybin in Healthy Subjects", "normalized_title": "acute effects of mdma co administration on the response to psilocybin in healthy subjects", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "The acute subjective effects of serotonin (5-HT)2A receptor stimulation with psilocybin in humans are mostly positive. However, negative effects such as anxiety, paranoid thinking, or loss of trust towards other people are common effects, depending on the dose administered, the personality traits of the person consuming it (set), or the environment in which psilocybin is taken (setting). Negative psychedelic effects may cause acute distress to the subject and acute anxiety has been linked to less favorable long-term outcomes in patients experimentally treated with psilocybin or similar substances for the treatment of depression. The 5-HT and oxytocin releaser 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) reliably induces positive mood, euphoria, comfort, empathy, and feelings of trust. If administered in combination with psilocybin, MDMA may increase positive subjective drug effects including positive mood, empathy, and trust and reduce negative emotions and anxiety associated with psilocybin and overall produce a more positive over negative experience. The present study will assess subjective and autonomic effects of psilocybin alone and in combination with MDMA. Psilocybin is a classic serotonergic psychedelic. Clinically, the acute effects of psilocybin last shorter than those of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) but are qualitatively very similar. Currently, psilocybin is the most investigated psychedelic substance among the classic psychedelics including LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, and dimethyltryptamine (DMT). Psilocybin is capable of inducing exceptional subjective effects such as a dream-like alteration of consciousness, affective changes, psychological insight, visual imagery, pseudo-hallucinations and ego-dissolution. The acute subjective effects elicited by psilocybin are mostly positive in humans. However, psychedelic substances like psilocybin may also cause unpleasant subjective effects like negative thoughts, rumination, anxiety, panic, paranoia, loss of trust towards other people and perceived loss of control, depending on the dose of psilocybin used, the personality traits of the person consuming it (i.e. 'set'), the environment in which it is consumed (i.e. 'setting'), and other factors. Acute negative psychological effects are considered the main risk of psychedelic substance use in humans. Inducing an overall positive acute response to the psychedelic is critical because several studies showed that a more positive experience is predictive of a greater therapeutic long-term effect of the psychedelic. The present study uses 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as a pharmacological tool to optimize the effects of psilocybin by inducing positive mood. MDMA is an amphetamine derivative which, unlike prototypical amphetamines, predominantly enhances serotonergic neurotransmission via release of 5-HT through the serotonin transporter (SERT). Furthermore, MDMA is known to trigger oxytocin release which may contribute to its effects to increase trust, prosociality, and enhanced empathy. The state of well-being induced by MDMA including increased activation and emotional excitation is known to be associated with a better response to psychedelics. Due to its psychological profile, MDMA could be a reliable pharmacological tool to serve as an optimizer of a psychedelic experience by inducing positive emotions.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06884514", "keywords": "Healthy, Psilocybin, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, Psilocybin placebo, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 23:13:10", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06884514\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Safety", "study_type": "Qualitative Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3560, "title": "A Pilot Mechanistic RCT of Psilocybin With Mindfulness-based Therapy vs Support for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)", "normalized_title": "a pilot mechanistic rct of psilocybin with mindfulness based therapy vs support for posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd", "authors": "Anthony P King", "abstract": "The goal of this study is to learn how psilocybin delivered with mindfulness-based therapy may help symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This is an assessor-blinded, randomized, controlled study in participants with PTSD. The study will investigate the changes in brain activity, connectivity, and microstructural neuroplasticity assessed using EEG/EMG and multimodal MRI measures after administration of one oral dose of psilocybin, accompanied either with standard \"psychological support\" only; or with standard support plus Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Many patients with PTSD do not respond or have an incomplete response to treatment with currently available medications that are FDA-approved for PTSD, and/or do not respond to psychotherapies for PTSD. The use of psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin) is being investigated as a new approach to improve symptoms in patients with PTSD and depression, however their mechanism of action is still not well understood. Furthermore, while psychedelics are usually administered in the context of psychological support (\"psychedelic assisted therapy\", PAT) the kinds of support therapy used and possible interactions with drug with therapy effects is not well understood. This study will investigate the changes in brain activity, connectivity, and microstructural neuroplasticity, assessed using electroencephalography (EEG) / electromyography (EMG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) /diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI), after administration of one oral dose of 25 mg synthetic Psilocybin delivered in the context of either non-directive psychological support only (the most common approach for PAT) or in combination with psychological support plus an active form of psychotherapy called Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Up to 30 participants will be enrolled altogether. The initial phase of this study will be an open label administration of 25 mg synthetic Psilocybin combined with standard \"PAT psychological support\" plus MBCT in ten participants with PTSD, to allow us to pilot this new intervention package. In the next phase of the study, we will randomly assign twenty participants with PTSD into two groups: one group receiving 25 mg of synthetic Psilocybin (open label) combined with standard \"PAT support\" only, and one group receiving 25 mg of synthetic Psilocybin (open label) combined with standard \"support\" plus active form MBCT psychotherapy. In both groups, psychological support will be provided before, during and after the administration session. The MBCT group will also receive bi-weekly individual MBCT sessions and will be invited to complete daily homework, as per the MBCT protocol. Assessments performed at Baseline and on Day 2 and Day 28 after administration will include EEG/EMG, MRI, clinician-administered scales (CAPS-5, MADRS, C-SSRS) and self-report questionnaires to assess PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms, cognitive testing, self-report questionnaires to evaluate the psychedelic effects of synthetic Psilocybin administration, and blood collection for the Gsα-AC biomarker assay.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07104916", "keywords": "Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin + MBCT therapy, Active Comparator: Psilocybin with Support Only, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 23:13:10", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07104916\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthcare Workers,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 30, "title": "The intersection between psychedelics and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Reevaluating risk and therapeutic potential.", "normalized_title": "the intersection between psychedelics and schizophrenia spectrum disorders reevaluating risk and therapeutic potential", "authors": "Brar PS, Price RB, Ross S, Tofighi B, Sarpal DK", "abstract": "In the past decade, interest in studying psychedelic compounds as potential therapeutic agents has resurged. These studies carefully exclude individuals at risk for developing psychotic symptoms in response to psychedelic use. Given the potential for psychedelics to be established as treatments in psychiatry, it is important to more robustly understand their link with psychosis and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). In this narrative review, we examine the historical and theoretical relationship between psychedelic drugs and SSDs, including the origins of the psychotomimetic hypothesis. For key psychedelic compounds, we review their phenomenological manifestations in relation to the experiential alterations characteristic of SSDs, revealing both areas of overlap and important qualitative differences that challenge the uniform psychotomimetic classification. We also review putative neural mechanisms underlying altered experiential states associated with psychedelic use and SSDs, with attention to serotonergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic contributions. Clinical evidence demonstrates that psychedelics can exacerbate pre-existing psychotic illness and may trigger psychosis in vulnerable individuals, though the magnitude of these risks remains inadequately quantified. However, phenomenological and mechanistic distinctions suggest that potential therapeutic applications may exist for carefully selected symptoms (negative symptoms, depression) in stable patients using low-dose, controlled approaches. Based on published work, we provide recommendations regarding psychosis-related risk and potential avenues for the treatment of SSDs as psychedelics gain traction as therapeutics.", "journal": "Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)", "publication_date": "2026-06-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02698811261456191", "pubmed_id": "42345450", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42345450/", "keywords": "DMT, LSD, mescaline, phenomenology, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychosis, schizophrenia", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-02 23:03:18", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"42345450\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 29, "title": "Novel approaches in depression treatment: from rapid-acting antidepressants to personalized interventions.", "normalized_title": "novel approaches in depression treatment from rapid acting antidepressants to personalized interventions", "authors": "Guidetti C, Fava M, Papakostas GI.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are prevalent and debilitating conditions. Over 50% of patients have inadequate response to first-line serotonergic antidepressants and are left with suboptimal treatment options. Rapid-acting and individually tailored treatments for MDD remain major unmet needs. This review discusses promising rapid-acting treatments, including psychedelic and neuroplastogen compounds, currently under investigation for the treatment of MDD and TRD. Among these, psilocybin has advanced to late-stage trials. In addition, we examine the emerging role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), including novel personalized interventions, such as the Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT) protocol, which has demonstrated rapid antidepressant effects and is now FDA-cleared for TRD, positioning it closest to clinical translation. We also highlight the ongoing ALTO-300 trial, which is evaluating an adjunctive treatment for MDD in patients identified by an EEG biomarker-representing another promising step toward personalized treatment. Finally, we review the results of a Phase 2 study reporting outcomes that vary by a specific genotype sequence, underscoring the potential for genetically guided personalized interventions. Despite these advances, key limitations, including unblinding in psychedelic trials, scalability challenges of intensive neuromodulation protocols, and the need for validated biomarkers, pose ongoing challenges for real-world implementation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-06-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-026-03722-0", "pubmed_id": "42350785", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-026-03722-0", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-02 23:03:30", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42350785\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3684, "title": "TRIP - TReatment to Improve Depression and/or Anxiety Using Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy in Patients With Advanced Cancer on Maintenance Therapy", "normalized_title": "trip treatment to improve depression and or anxiety using psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in patients with advanced cancer on maintenance therapy", "authors": "M.D. Anderson Cancer Center", "abstract": "To learn about the feasibility, safety, and effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy on depression and/or anxiety in participants who are being treated for advanced cancer. Primary Objective To examine the feasibility, safety, effect size estimates of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for participants with depression and/or anxiety who are being actively treated for advanced cancer. Feasibility will be measured as: At least 20% of eligible participants consent and at least 60% of consented participants complete the two doses of treatment. Secondary Objectives 1. Determine whether psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy improves measures of quality of life (e.g., sleep, pain, functional status) and psychosocial well-being (e.g., finding meaning and post-traumatic growth), as measured by the following: PHQ-9, GAD-7, PROMIS-10, PROMIS-A, PROMIS-D, MEQ30 (mystical experience), Flourishing scale, mDES, 5D-ASC (altered states), and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. 2. Determine whether psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy improves functional status per clinician-rated outcome measures. 3. Assess the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy on cancer treatment adherence determined by the likelihood that participants will follow the prescribed treatment (adherence) and continue the treatment for the duration prescribed (persistence) for these maintenance therapies. 4. Measure the change in inflammatory markers (IL6, TNF, and CRP) and in frequency and activation status of peripheral immune cell populations assessed by immune monitoring through flow cytometry. 5. Examine changes in central nervous system plasticity through the use of fMRI, specifically changes in 5-HT2A-rich and higher-order functional networks, as well as a global increase in brain network integration. 6. Evaluate the Impact on MDASI measurements.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06200155", "keywords": "Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy, Advanced Cancer, Psilocybin, Niacin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06200155\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Wellbeing,Mystical Experience,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3674, "title": "TRIPS - Treatment to Improve Depression and/or Anxiety Using Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy in Cancer Survivors", "normalized_title": "trips treatment to improve depression and or anxiety using psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in cancer survivors", "authors": "M.D. Anderson Cancer Center", "abstract": "This clinical research study is to learn about the feasibility, safety, and effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for cancer survivors with depression and/or anxiety. Primary Objective: To examine the feasibility, safety, effect size estimates of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for cancer survivor patients with depression and/or anxiety. Feasibility will be measured as: At least 20% of eligible patients consent (inclusion rate), at least 60% of consented patients completing the two doses of treatment (treatment completion rate), and at least 80% and 65% consenting patients completing assessments at the 2- and 6-month follow-ups (adherence rates), respectively. Secondary Objectives: 1. Determine whether psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy improves measures of quality of life (e.g., sleep, pain, functional status) and psychosocial well-being (e.g., finding meaning and post-traumatic growth), as measured by the following: PHQ-9, GAD-7, PROMIS-10, PROMIS-A, PROMIS-D, MEQ30 (mystical experience), Flourishing scale, mDES, PIQ (altered states), and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. 2. Determine whether psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy improves functional status per clinician-rated outcome measures. 3. Measure the change in inflammatory markers (IL6, TNF, and CRP) and in frequency and activation status of peripheral immune cell populations assessed by immune monitoring through flow cytometry. 4. Examine changes in central nervous system plasticity through the use of fMRI, specifically changes in 5-HT2A-rich and higher-order functional networks, as well as a global increase in brain network integration. 5. Evaluate the Impact on MDASI measurements.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06801041", "keywords": "Depression, Anxiety, Cancer, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06801041\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Wellbeing,Mystical Experience,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3705, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin Microdosing on Cognition, Mood and Quality of Life: A Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin microdosing on cognition mood and quality of life a pilot study", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "This study is being conducted to evaluate how of 30 days of intermittently microdosed psilocybin affects mood, cognition, subjective well-being and structural/functional MRI results compared to a placebo. Investigators hypothesize that compared to placebo, 30 days of intermittently microdosed psilocybin will produce observable changes in mood, cognition, subjective well-being and MRI, in the absence of psychedelic experiences. This study is being conducted to evaluate the effects of 30 days of intermittently microdosed psilocybin in a parallel arm double-blind manner on mood, cognition, subjective well-being and structural/functional MRI compared to placebo, using validated psychological assessments and cognitive tests. Investigators hypothesize that compared to placebo, 30 days of intermittently microdosed psilocybin will produce observable changes in mood, cognition, subjective well-being and MRI, in the absence of psychedelic experiences. Demonstrating significant results in a population of healthy psychedelic non-users will establish a strong precedent for studying the effects of microdosing psychedelics in patient populations, such as those with treatment-resistant depression. Showing that microdosing minimizes risk of adverse outcomes with psychedelic treatment while maintaining beneficial effects would provide useful information relevant to clinical research in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. In addition to investigating claims that microdosing psychedelics may improve cognition and mood, this study also aims to test the hypothesis that these effects including those measurable at a brain level may persist beyond the course of the 30 days of the study. There are few to no studies that assessed the longevity of psychedelic effects on the majority of the above measures, so the proposed study may further establish the longer-term benefits of microdosing. The use of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will elucidate the mechanisms by which microdosing may be exerting its effects on mood and cognition. Because this is a relatively understudied area, information gleaned from this study will provide service in informing the field in general.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07449351", "keywords": "Psychedelic Microdosing Effects on Mood, Cognition, Subjective Well-being and MRI, Psliocybin, Placebo, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07449351\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Longevity,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3650, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and Relational (PEARL) Therapy for Caregivers of Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Phase II Open-Label Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted existential attachment and relational pearl therapy for caregivers of patients with advanced cancer a phase ii open label trial", "authors": "University Health Network, Toronto", "abstract": "The PEARL-C1 trial is a phase II open-label trial. Participants will receive a single high-dose (25 mg) of psilocybin in the context of Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and RelationaL (PEARL) therapy. Caregivers of patients with advanced cancer often experience high levels of distress but there is currently little evidence-based guidance on how to help caregivers who experience depression, anxiety, anticipatory grief, spiritual suffering, caregiving burden and/or impaired quality of life. Over the past decade, research has shown that psychotherapies incorporating existential, attachment and relational approaches can address the specific needs and challenges of the advanced cancer population and thus help to reduce related distress. Simultaneously, recent research has shown that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, in which an individual ingests the psychoactive drug within a carefully monitored therapy, can reduce end-of-life distress and greatly benefit those with advanced disease. The multidisciplinary team has combined these two evidence-based approaches into Psilocybin-assisted Existential, Attachment and RelationaL (PEARL) therapy. PEARL therapy combines elements from psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, including preparatory therapy sessions, a high-dose drug session, and integration sessions, with important elements from manualized individual psychotherapies designed for patients and their families facing advanced cancer. This study will assess the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of PEARL therapy among caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. This study will contribute to the growing research around the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapies for the psychological distress associated with advanced disease and mortality. This type of therapy has the potential to improve quality of life among caregivers of those with advanced disease, to build upon previous findings to help outline the necessary components of therapy, and to inform public policy and clinical guidelines.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07048743", "keywords": "Caregiver Distress, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07048743\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 34, "title": "Blocking 5-HT2B receptors abolishes psilocybin’s efficacy in the rat forced swim test", "normalized_title": "blocking 5 ht2b receptors abolishes psilocybin s efficacy in the rat forced swim test", "authors": "Lenka Seillier, Alexandre Seillier, Morgan A. Zvolska, Romana Šlamberová", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder is one of the most debilitating psychiatric disorders worldwide. First-line treatments such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have significant limitations, including delayed onset of therapeutic effects and treatment resistance in about 30% of patients. Increasing evidence suggests that acute administration of serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, produces rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects, including in treatment-resistant patients. However, it remains unknown which specific 5-HT receptor subtype mediates psilocybin's antidepressant activity. METHODS: We examined in Wistar rats whether pretreatment with the 5-HT2B receptor (5-HT2BR) antagonist RS-127445 (0.32, 1.0, or 3.2 mg/kg) blocked the rapid (day 1) and sustained (day 21) behavioral effects of a single psilocybin administration (0.32 mg/kg) in the forced swim test (FST), a test with predictive validity for antidepressant efficacy. We also measured the impact of RS-127445 on psilocybin-induced head-twitch response (HTR), a behavioral proxy in rodents for psychedelic properties. RESULTS: Our data showed that psilocybin produced both a rapid and sustained decrease in immobility and an increase in climbing behavior in the FST and significantly increased HTR counts. Although RS-127445 did not affect HTR counts at any tested dose, it dose-dependently reversed both the rapid and sustained psilocybin-induced reductions in immobility and increases in climbing behavior. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that 5-HT2BRs are required for psilocybin's behavioral effects in the FST, but are not required for its HTR. The results add to evidence that psilocybin's predictive validity in the FST can be dissociated from its 5-HT2A-mediated psychedelic effects.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-06-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02698811261458349", "pubmed_id": "42334341", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811261458349", "keywords": "Behavioural despair test, Serotonergic, Antidepressant, Psilocybin, Pharmacology, Antagonist, Tricyclic antidepressant, Serotonin, Psychology, Reuptake inhibitor, Imipramine, Receptor antagonist, Receptor, 5-HT receptor, Internal medicine, Major depressive disorder, Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Agonist, Endocrinology, Medicine, Anxiogenic, Pindolol, 5-HT1A receptor, Reuptake, Hallucinogen, Mechanism of action, Neurotransmitter, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7165643590\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7165643590\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1961364466\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989757811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007107398\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012975576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013598219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031733304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047129003\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054695075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067481209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089299823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091064555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091363925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126685404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134518716\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170915041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173531201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2287930331\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319365136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412428225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2511250611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2564232286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590821743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596798372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3042758594\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087095811\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127186731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206134470\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211263234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309269582\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353017554\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386504040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390755783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396229906\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400335852\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402327722\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409449430\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410735628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410737616\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411302754\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415713367\",\"https://openalex.org/W7118172518\",\"https://openalex.org/W7152959768\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067927693\",\"display_name\":\"Lenka Seillier\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-2290\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002414770\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandre Seillier\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1859-2561\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139127821\",\"display_name\":\"Morgan A. Zvolska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7335-8022\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081286729\",\"display_name\":\"Romana Šlamberová\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9981-3911\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811261458349\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7165643590" }, { "id": 3024, "title": "Sex-Specific Effects of Psilocybin Versus Escitalopram on Anxiety and Anhedonia: A Bayesian Reanalysis of Antidepressant Treatment Outcomes", "normalized_title": "sex specific effects of psilocybin versus escitalopram on anxiety and anhedonia a bayesian reanalysis of antidepressant treatment outcomes", "authors": "Frick A, Blest-Hopley G, Grin M, Erritzoe D, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Abstract Rationale: Major depressive disorder (MDD) shows marked sex differences in prevalence, symptomatology, and treatment response. However, women remain underrepresented in many clinical trials, and sex-specific treatment outcomes are rarely examined. Objectives This study reanalyzed data from a randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin and escitalopram for MDD to evaluate sex differences across multiple psychological domains. Methods We reanalyzed data from a six-week, double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin with escitalopram in adults with moderate-to-severe MDD. Post-treatment depressive symptoms (MADRS, QIDS-SR-16, BDI), anhedonia (SHAPS), anxiety (STAI), thought suppression (WBSI), and well-being (WEMWBS) were modeled as a function of sex, treatment condition, their interaction, and baseline symptom severity. Sexual dysfunction severity (PRSexDQ-SALSEX), assessed only at the six-week follow-up, was analyzed separately as an ordinal outcome. Results Sex-related patterns emerged for anxiety and anhedonia. Women receiving psilocybin showed greater reductions in anxiety than men (STAI: 95% CrI − 17.5 to − 3.29), whereas women receiving escitalopram showed greater reductions in anhedonia than men (SHAPS: 95% CrI − 4.63 to 0.00). For the remaining continuous outcomes, sex differences were generally small and uncertain. Sexual dysfunction severity was lower overall in the psilocybin group than in the escitalopram group and lower in women than in men, although the treatment-by-sex interaction was not significant. Conclusions This reanalysis identified domain-specific sex-related patterns in anxiety and anhedonia, suggesting that responses to psilocybin and escitalopram may differ between women and men. These preliminary findings support adequately powered, sex-balanced, and hormone-informed trials of serotonergic treatments for MDD.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-06-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9880403/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9880403/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1255612\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1923, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy in treatment-resistant depression: rapid remission, uncertain durability, and the next phase of clinical evidence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy in treatment resistant depression rapid remission uncertain durability and the next phase of clinical evidence", "authors": "Astrit Sabani, Adnan Khatak", "abstract": "Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major clinical challenge and is typically defined as the persistence of depressive symptoms despite at least two adequate antidepressant trials. Individuals with TRD experience substantial morbidity, impaired functioning, and elevated suicide risk, highlighting the need for therapeutic strategies beyond incremental refinements of conventional monoaminergic pharmacotherapy. Psilocybin-assisted therapy has recently emerged as a mechanistically distinct intervention, combining transient 5-HT2A receptor agonism with structured psychological support delivered in supervised sessions. Early randomized trials have demonstrated rapid reductions in depressive symptoms and encouraging short-term remission rates, primarily in patients with major depressive disorder, with more limited but emerging evidence in treatment-resistant populations. However, the central clinical question is not merely whether psilocybin can produce acute improvement, but whether these effects can be sustained without cumulative harm. Current evidence remains limited by modest sample sizes, relatively short follow-up periods, challenges in maintaining blinding, and limited comparisons with established TRD interventions such as esketamine, electroconvulsive therapy, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The durability of benefit beyond several weeks remains an open clinical question, and the implications of repeated dosing are not yet well established. In addition, implementation demands substantial therapeutic infrastructure, raising questions regarding scalability, cost, and equitable access. Future research should prioritize standardized definitions of treatment resistance, recognition of clinical heterogeneity within TRD populations, longer-term outcomes, rigorous active comparators, improved trial methodology, safety monitoring, and cost-effectiveness analyses to determine the appropriate clinical role of psilocybin-assisted therapy.", "journal": "Annals of Medicine and Surgery", "publication_date": "2026-06-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1097/ms9.0000000000005244", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000005244", "keywords": "Medicine, Electroconvulsive therapy, Major depressive disorder, Dosing, Clinical trial, Psychological intervention, Intensive care medicine, Treatment-resistant depression, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Translational research, Clinical research, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Monoaminergic, Clinical endpoint, Multimodal therapy, Evidence-based medicine, Placebo, Depressive symptoms, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7165127045\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7165127045\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2541285986\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320888625\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138876543\",\"display_name\":\"Astrit Sabani\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077347061\",\"display_name\":\"Adnan Khatak\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226177\",\"source_display_name\":\"Annals of Medicine and Surgery\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000005244\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7165127045" }, { "id": 43, "title": "Short- and Long-Acting Psychedelics: Structure-Activity Relationships, Pharmacology, and Implications for Neuropsychiatric Therapeutics.", "normalized_title": "short and long acting psychedelics structure activity relationships pharmacology and implications for neuropsychiatric therapeutics", "authors": "Bhat A, Zolali E, Sakib MA, Rahimian M, McMahon LR, German N, Obeng S", "abstract": "Psychedelics have re-emerged as promising therapeutics for neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders. While their beneficial effects are largely attributed to serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor activation, psychedelics exhibit substantial diversity in chemical structure, receptor binding kinetics, metabolism, and duration of action. These differences underpin the distinction between short-acting psychedelics like -dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and 5-methoxy-DMT, and long-acting compounds like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline. Short-acting psychedelics may offer advantages in clinical settings where brief therapeutic sessions are preferred, while long-acting agents may be relatively more effective for clinical outcomes. This review highlights the chemistry, structure-activity relationships, and pharmacology of both short- and long-acting psychedelics. We examine key functional group modifications that influence receptor binding affinity, efficacy, and duration. By integrating insights from synthetic chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical effects, this review provides a framework for rational psychedelic drug development aimed at producing next-generation antidepressants, anxiolytics, and substance use disorder treatments with controlled and predictable clinical effects.", "journal": "ACS chemical neuroscience", "publication_date": "2026-06-16", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.6c00202", "pubmed_id": "42257400", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42257400/", "keywords": "5-HT2A, long-acting, psilocybin, psychedelics, short-acting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:34", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"42257400\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3023, "title": "Distinct brain responses to psilocybin and escitalopram in depression captured by the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem", "normalized_title": "distinct brain responses to psilocybin and escitalopram in depression captured by the fluctuation dissipation theorem", "authors": "Dagnino PC, Acero-Pousa I, Zamora-López G, Escrichs A, Erritzoe D, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL, Sanz Perl Y, Kringelbach ML, Deco G.", "abstract": "In recent decades, the psychedelic psilocybin has been studied as a potential treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), offering an alternative to traditional antidepressants. However, the brain changes underlying the clinical effects of different interventions remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of psilocybin and a conventional antidepressant, escitalopram, from the double-blind randomised controlled trial (DB-RCT) - NCT03429075 - on the brain’s hierarchical organisation. Using pre- and post-treatment resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we built whole-brain models and obtained a generative effective connectivity (GEC) matrix for each patient. Based on the GEC, we measured the level of non-equilibrium brain dynamics by quantifying the deviation from the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) and performed complementary analysis on brain segregation and asymmetry. Our results showed opposite reconfigurations of the hierarchical non-equilibrium brain dynamics following each treatment. Additionally, baseline measures effectively distinguished responders from non-responders within each treatment. These findings suggest that the deviation of the FDT may serve as a marker for differentiating the effects of psilocybin and escitalopram in MDD treatment, overall, contributing to the understanding of therapeutic mechanisms of depression.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2026-06-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.64898/2026.06.12.731811", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.06.12.731811", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1253375\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1927, "title": "Psilocybin and Mental Health Outcomes: Scoping Review with ☸SAIMSARA", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and mental health outcomes scoping review with saimsara", "authors": "SAIMSARA", "abstract": "This scoping review aims to comprehensively map and synthesize the breadth of evidence from original research on the relationship between psilocybin and health, spanning clinical trials, epidemiological surveys, mechanistic experiments, and cross-sectional attitudinal studies. The review uses 145 references and builds its evidence map from 216 original studies with 271241797 total participants/sample observations (topic-deduplicated ΣN). This review indicates that the most consistent and replicated signal for psilocybin and health is rapid, large, and sustained reduction of depressive symptoms in clinical populations, with a randomized, waiting-list-controlled major depressive disorder (MDD) trial reporting Cohen's d=2.5 at week 5 and benefits in treatment-resistant depression persisting up to 6 months. Converging evidence suggests broader therapeutic potential for anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and existential distress, alongside preliminary signals for substance use disorders, though risks such as manic or psychotic episodes in vulnerable individuals warrant rigorous screening. A recurring caveat is that real-world benefits and access are moderated by race and ethnicity, with protective associations and program participation concentrated among White participants. These findings support a cautiously optimistic but equity-conscious role for psilocybin-assisted therapy in psychiatric and palliative care. Future work should prioritize controlled, prospective trials that test mechanisms and confirm durability while embedding culturally adapted, equitable access strategies.", "journal": "SAIMSARA Journal", "publication_date": "2026-06-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.62487/saimsara7a54f680", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.62487/saimsara7a54f680", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental health, Psychiatry, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Clinical psychology, PsycINFO, Psychotherapist, Mental illness, Medicine, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, MEDLINE, Warrant, Race (biology), Epidemiology, Obsessive compulsive, Test (biology), Bipolar disorder, White paper, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": 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Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.62487/saimsara7a54f680\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7164845889" }, { "id": 1926, "title": "Efficacy of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin assisted therapy in major depressive disorder a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Angel Labra-Lorenzana, Dania Nimbe Lima Sanchez, Christian Alejandro Delaflor-Wagner, Diana Martínez-Hernández, Christian Ramos-Jiménez, Christian Gabriel Toledo-Lozano", "abstract": "Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) for adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: A PROSPERO-registered search (CRD42024561979) of CENTRAL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE (2010-2024) identified clinical trials assessing PAP. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), while non-randomized studies were appraised separately. Evidence certainty was evaluated using GRADE. Results: Ten trials were included; eight provided quantitative data. PAP was associated with large short-term reductions in depressive symptom severity. The overall pooled effect was large (d = 1.15, 95% CI0.83-1.48), though within-subject designs yielded larger estimates (d = 1.63) than between-subject controlled comparisons (d = 0.96). Adverse events were transient and manageable, with no increased risk of serious adverse events on dosing days. Primary risk-of-bias concerns included functional unblinding. Conclusions: PAP may produce clinically meaningful, large short-term reductions in depressive symptoms. However, long-term efficacy remains understudied, and the overall certainty of evidence is low to moderate. Larger, rigorously blinded trials are required.", "journal": "Psychiatry International", "publication_date": "2026-06-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3390/psychiatryint7030137", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint7030137", "keywords": "Medicine, Adverse effect, Major depressive disorder, Dosing, Meta-analysis, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, MEDLINE, Systematic review, Depressive symptoms, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Certainty, Research design, Risk assessment, Intensive care medicine, Relative risk, Severity of illness, Evidence-based medicine, Clinical psychology, Major depressive episode, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164820747\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164820747\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2098923148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912654919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3044729970\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129740058\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384557644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401700752\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402748917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404295609\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138646510\",\"display_name\":\"Angel Labra-Lorenzana\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072252637\",\"display_name\":\"Dania Nimbe Lima Sanchez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3647-6540\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126057939\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Alejandro Delaflor-Wagner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135188546\",\"display_name\":\"Diana Martínez-Hernández\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106551101\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Ramos-Jiménez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1637-6179\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087349807\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Gabriel Toledo-Lozano\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7418-1228\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210214788\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatry International\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint7030137\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7164820747" }, { "id": 54, "title": "Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic rational for expanding the therapeutic landscape of psilocybin beyond depression", "normalized_title": "pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic rational for expanding the therapeutic landscape of psilocybin beyond depression", "authors": "J. Mingardi, R. Molteni, F. Bifari", "abstract": "", "journal": "Pharmacological Research", "publication_date": "2026-06-10", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.phrs.2026.108290", "pubmed_id": "42276399", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2026.108290", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacology, Pharmacodynamics, Hallucinogen, MEDLINE, Neuroscience, Serotonin Antagonists, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164387819\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164387819\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2065840120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220763359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412727285\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414267802\",\"https://openalex.org/W7117455658\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138478300\",\"display_name\":\"J. Mingardi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138402981\",\"display_name\":\"R. Molteni\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050614781\",\"display_name\":\"F. Bifari\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S54485712\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmacological Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2026.108290\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7164387819" }, { "id": 3210, "title": "Aquahenosis: A non-pharmacological altered state of consciousness induced by Floatation-REST in individuals with anxiety and depression", "normalized_title": "aquahenosis a non pharmacological altered state of consciousness induced by floatation rest in individuals with anxiety and depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Floatation-REST (Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy) systematically alters sensory and bodily input by combining neutral buoyancy, thermal and proprioceptive neutrality, attenuation of exteroceptive stimulation, and enhancement of cardiorespiratory signaling to the brain. Here we examined whether this non-pharmacological sensory perturbation induces altered states of consciousness and whether specific experiential dimensions are statistically related to changes in affect. In a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled feasibility trial, 75 treatment-seeking adults with anxiety and depression were assigned to six sessions of Floatation-REST with prescribed scheduling, Floatation-REST with preferred scheduling and duration, or a zero-gravity chair comparison condition. Altered states of consciousness were assessed using the 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale, alongside measures of interoceptive awareness and affect. Compared to the chair condition, Floatation-REST was associated with increased interoceptive awareness of cardiorespiratory sensations and an altered state of consciousness characterized by Oceanic Boundlessness, Disembodiment, and Experience of Unity-a pattern we refer to as \"aquahenosis.\" Effects were strongest among participants who selected longer and more flexible float sessions. Experiential profiles selectively overlapped with those reported for psilocybin and ketamine along boundary-dissolution dimensions. These findings identify Floatation-REST as a tractable, non-pharmacological method for inducing specific altered states of consciousness and highlight oceanic boundlessness as an important mediator of the float-induced changes in positive affect.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-06-09", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/6mj8n_v2", "keywords": "Neuroscience, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"6mj8n_v2\",\"version\":2,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3472, "title": "A Multi-site Randomized Controlled Trial of Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) in Veterans", "normalized_title": "a multi site randomized controlled trial of psilocybin for treatment resistant depression trd in veterans", "authors": "VA Office of Research and Development", "abstract": "The purpose of this multi-site randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the efficacy and risks of psilocybin for the treatment of depression in U.S. military Veterans with and without (±) concurrent posttraumatic stress disorder. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a serious mental health problem in Veterans, frequently comorbid with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and in need of novel and effective treatments. Clinical studies have revealed antidepressant effects of psilocybin for depression in civilians, but less is known about its efficacy and safety in Veterans. Very limited data is available on the effects of psilocybin in the treatment of PTSD. Thus, it is important to evaluate the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of TRD with and without PTSD among Veterans. The purpose of this multi-site, double-blind, randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the efficacy and risks of psilocybin for the treatment of TRD in U.S. military Veterans with and without (±) concurrent PTSD. Eligible and consenting Veterans will two psilocybin dosing sessions along with preparation, administration, and integration psychological support provided by a facilitator. For the 1st psilocybin administration, participants will be randomized to one of two doses under blinded conditions. One month later, all participants will receive a 25mg dose at their 2nd psilocybin visit. Outcomes will be measured by an independent evaluator masked from all treatments at 2 and 4 weeks after each dosing session. Longer-term follow-up will be conducted over 6 months. Both expected and unanticipated adverse events will be collected by type, severity and relatedness to the study drug.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-06-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07226232", "keywords": "Major Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07226232\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 62, "title": "Correction to: Preliminary Evidence of Sleep Improvements Following Psilocybin Administration, and their Involvement in Antidepressant Therapeutic Action", "normalized_title": "correction to preliminary evidence of sleep improvements following psilocybin administration and their involvement in antidepressant therapeutic action", "authors": "Matthew J. Reid, Hannes Kettner, Tessa F. Blanken, Brandon Weiss, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "", "journal": "Current Psychiatry Reports", "publication_date": "2026-06-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-026-01685-1", "pubmed_id": "42243392", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-026-01685-1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Medicine, Action (physics), Sleep (system call), Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, MEDLINE, Depression (economics), Sleep induction, Psychology, Amitriptyline, Anesthesia, Insomnia, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163564850\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163564850\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137808784\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew J. Reid\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137917120\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053044572\",\"display_name\":\"Tessa F. Blanken\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-0251\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137903686\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Weiss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137877176\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S124600697\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current Psychiatry Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-026-01685-1\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163564850" }, { "id": 64, "title": "Changes in anxiety, quality of life, and functioning following psilocybin-assisted therapy in veterans with treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "changes in anxiety quality of life and functioning following psilocybin assisted therapy in veterans with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Cecelia Kelly, Mathieu Fradet, Catherine M. Bostian, Anna Donnelly, Sara Ellis, Michael Ostacher, Scott Aaronson, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-06-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.122063", "pubmed_id": "42248535", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.122063", "keywords": "Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Exploratory research, Quality of life (healthcare), Psychology, Depressive symptoms, Medicine, Experiential avoidance, Placebo, Posttraumatic stress, Severity of illness, Randomized controlled trial, Longitudinal study, Clinical trial, Major depressive disorder, Rating scale, Psychological intervention, Young adult, DASS, Beck Depression Inventory, Functional impairment, Anxiety disorder, Psychometrics, Major depressive episode, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163510976\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163510976\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2004916527\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054896389\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055093221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461675940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2568227005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767533806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000661394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021032566\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205400385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223572311\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317659507\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387692422\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391486733\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392550813\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403625424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406254344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408151066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411137642\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414994323\",\"https://openalex.org/W7128709377\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014764338\",\"display_name\":\"Cecelia Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-5492\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050276295\",\"display_name\":\"Mathieu Fradet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136364267\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine M. Bostian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4055-1314\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136523502\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Donnelly\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108335177\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Ellis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123791016\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Ostacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020769134\",\"display_name\":\"Scott Aaronson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137863618\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.122063\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163510976" }, { "id": 3367, "title": "Prolonged Grief Symptom Outcomes During At-Home Ketamine-Assisted Therapy: A Real-World Retrospective Analysis of 503 Adults", "normalized_title": "prolonged grief symptom outcomes during at home ketamine assisted therapy a real world retrospective analysis of 503 adults", "authors": "Carter D, Reardon I, Swain J, Vando L.", "abstract": "Abstract Background Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is a clinically distinguishable bereavement-related condition characterized by persistent yearning, identity disruption, and impaired functioning, formalized in DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 (6L72) and empirically distinguishable from but frequently co-occurring with major depressive disorder. Approximately 7 to 10 percent of bereaved adults meet criteria for PGD, with elevated suicide risk and functional impairment. Complicated grief therapy is the targeted psychotherapy most often referenced for prolonged grief, and existing PGD treatments have been studied primarily in specialty academic and clinical settings without examining at-home telehealth delivery. A small psychedelic-grief literature has emerged in psilocybin and ayahuasca observational and pilot studies. Prior real-world ketamine cohorts have characterized depression outcomes without focusing on prolonged grief. Objective This exploratory, hypothesis-generating analysis describes prolonged grief symptom outcomes among adults with clinically elevated baseline grief who received at-home ketamine-assisted therapy through Mindbloom, a telehealth ketamine therapy platform. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 503 bereaved adults with clinically elevated prolonged grief symptoms (PGD-13 Total grief score ≥ 30 at baseline, a pragmatic severity threshold consistent with the score-based caseness cut used in the Shear randomized trials of complicated grief therapy on the predecessor Inventory of Complicated Grief) who confirmed the loss of a significant person on the PGD-13 gating question and received guided at-home sublingual or subcutaneous ketamine-assisted therapy through Mindbloom. Prolonged grief symptoms were assessed using the PGD-13 (mean baseline = 37.18) at post-session 2 (n = 282), post-session 4 (n = 196), and post-session 6 (n = 121). The primary study-defined response was a ≥ 5-point improvement in PGD-13 Total grief score from baseline. We additionally applied an adapted version of a formal Prolonged Grief Disorder caseness algorithm at baseline and post-session 6 to characterize diagnostic remission. Results Mean PGD-13 Total grief score declined from 37.18 at baseline (95% bootstrap CI36.72-37.63) to 31.07 at post-session 2 (mean change − 6.11), 27.61 at post-session 4 (− 9.57), and 25.81 at post-session 6 (− 11.37). Among the 121 post-session 6 completers (24% of the eligible cohort), study-defined response (≥ 5-point improvement) was achieved by 51.8% at post-session 2 (95% Wilson CI46.0-57.5%), 68.4% at post-session 4 (61.6-74.5%), and 76.0% at post-session 6 (67.7-82.8%); any improvement (≥ 1-point) was achieved by 90.1% of post-session 6 completers (83.5-94.2%). The proportion of post-session 6 completers below the score-based threshold of 30 was 63.6% (95% CI54.8-71.7%); 0.8% reported no change and 9.1% reported any worsening. Applying the adapted PGD caseness algorithm, 42.7% of baseline participants met full diagnostic criteria for Prolonged Grief Disorder under the ICD-11 duration threshold (95% CI38.5-47.1%); 35.6% met DSM-5-TR criteria (95% CI31.5-39.9%). Among completers who met caseness at baseline, 73.2% no longer met ICD-11 criteria at post-session 6 (n = 41/56; 95% CI60.4-83.0%); 71.1% no longer met DSM-5-TR criteria (n = 32/45; 95% CI56.6-82.3%). In a worst-case sensitivity analysis in which all non-completers were assumed to retain full caseness, the confirmed diagnostic remission rates were 19.1% (ICD-11; 95% CI14.4-24.8%) and 17.9% (DSM-5-TR; 95% CI13.0-24.1%). Item-level analysis revealed that the single largest mean change across the 10 PGD-13 symptom items occurred on the identity/role confusion item (mean 4.12 to 2.64; change − 1.48, 95% bootstrap CI − 1.70 to − 1.24, corresponding to a 35.9% reduction from baseline to post-session 6). In contrast, the emotional pain item most closely overlapping major depressive disorder phenomenology improved 26.4% over the same interval, ranking sixth of ten. Side effects of any type were uncommon (7.4% at post-session 2, 5.6% at post-session 4, 4.1% at post-session 6). Subgroup patterns of larger mean change in more recently bereaved patients were observed (largest at post-session 6 in the 6-to-11-months-since-loss band, mean change − 13.83 points; smallest in the 12-months-or-longer band, − 10.40 points). Conclusions In this retrospective cohort of 503 adults with PGD-13 Total grief score ≥ 30 at baseline receiving at-home ketamine-assisted therapy through Mindbloom, prolonged grief symptoms declined monotonically across post-session timepoints; among the 121 post-session 6 completers, 76% achieved the primary study-defined response (≥ 5-point improvement) and 64% dropped below the score-based threshold of 30. Among completers meeting formal PGD caseness at baseline, the majority (73% under ICD-11, 71% under DSM-5-TR) no longer met diagnostic criteria at post-session 6, and item-level patterns showed the largest improvement on a non-depression-overlapping grief-specific symptom. Observed PGD-13 changes cannot be cleanly disentangled from concurrent depression-symptom changes in this uncontrolled design, because the cohort was treated for depression and the PGD-13 shares symptom content with depression instruments. The observed subgroup gradient runs opposite to what a strict mood-mediation account would predict, though concurrent depression improvement remains a compatible explanation. Randomized controlled trials with PGD-13 (or comparable independent grief instrument) as primary outcome, depression-independent comparator arms, and longer follow-up are needed to confirm these findings and to characterize the mechanism and durability of any observed effects.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-06-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9839240/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9839240/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1243670\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 69, "title": "Time to embrace the whole: considering the replacement of psilocybin with Psilocybe spp. in psychedelic research and therapy", "normalized_title": "time to embrace the whole considering the replacement of psilocybin with psilocybe spp in psychedelic research and therapy", "authors": "Genís Oña, Cristina Llagostera, Oscar Alvarez, Rosa M. Dueñas, Débora González, Óscar Soto-Angona", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the main psychoactive compound in Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms, has gained considerable attention for its therapeutic potential. Current research focuses only on isolated psilocybin, neglecting the broader pharmacological and cultural use of the whole mushroom. This perspective advocates for an integrative approach that includes standardised P. cubensis extracts within the psychedelic research agenda. We review preclinical studies comparing whole-mushroom extracts with pure psilocybin, showing enhanced or distinct effects on synaptic proteins, metabolomic profiles, and behavioural outcomes, including in models of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Furthermore, the use of whole extracts may promote more affordable, equitable, and publicly accessible treatment models, in contrast to high-cost synthetic psilocybin formulations. This article argues for the urgent need to explore whole-mushroom therapeutics, ensuring that decisions in psychedelic medicine are based on a full spectrum of evidence rather than solely on pharmaceutical feasibility.", "journal": "Natural Product Research", "publication_date": "2026-06-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1080/14786419.2026.2683121", "pubmed_id": "42228759", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2683121", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Pharmacology, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163160532\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163160532\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970930356\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984431812\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992243758\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994579482\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031832463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038786381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054727320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063906445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318527110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594616832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926665170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949780892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979305454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983552824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008629222\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012256305\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023670690\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049065734\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092405045\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280503409\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286750283\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385969211\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387939730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388714298\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391970820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399276098\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403328142\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405376152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408226956\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411981579\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412043599\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413116294\",\"https://openalex.org/W7128912015\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070858256\",\"display_name\":\"Genís Oña\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2741-2876\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137652951\",\"display_name\":\"Cristina Llagostera\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130390747\",\"display_name\":\"Oscar Alvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137663443\",\"display_name\":\"Rosa M. Dueñas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102923565\",\"display_name\":\"Débora González\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5353-4351\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103154694\",\"display_name\":\"Óscar Soto-Angona\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0234-4280\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205999849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Natural Product Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2683121\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study,Toxicity,Metabolomics", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163160532" }, { "id": 3647, "title": "Imaging the Effects of Serotonin 2A Receptor Modulation on Synaptic Density in Treatment-resistant Depression (SYNVEST)", "normalized_title": "imaging the effects of serotonin 2a receptor modulation on synaptic density in treatment resistant depression synvest", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Limit: 5000 characters. Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychotherapy in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. In healthy volunteers, the psychedelic effects of psilocybin have been shown to be blocked by administration of certain medications such as risperidone. The purpose of this study is to use an established SV2A radiotracer produced at our Centre to determine the feasibility of integrating PET imaging in to psilocybin trials. The preliminary imaging data will assess whether psilocybin's antidepressant effects are related to changes in synaptic density in adults with TRD, and whether any changes in synaptic density are associated with psilocybin's actions on the 5-HT2AR.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06512220", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin 25 mg, PEX010, Risperidone 1 MG, MAR-Risperidone, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06512220\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3615, "title": "A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Psilocybin in Adults With Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)", "normalized_title": "a phase 3 randomized double blind multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy safety and tolerability of psilocybin in adults with major depressive disorder mdd", "authors": "Usona Institute", "abstract": "Approximately 240 eligible adult participants (≥18 years old) who meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR) criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) will be enrolled. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive a single oral dose of Psilocybin 25 mg, Psilocybin 5 mg, or inactive placebo. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Psilocybin 25 mg versus placebo in adults with MDD, as assessed by the difference between groups in change in depressive symptoms from Baseline to Day 43 post-dose, and to characterize the durability of initial treatment effect and subsequent response to optional Psilocybin 25 mg re-administration(s) during the 1-year Follow-up Period. Double-blind Period: Participants who show stable depression symptoms between Screening and Trial Baseline will be randomly assigned to receive a single oral dose of Psilocybin 25 mg, Psilocybin 5 mg, or inactive placebo. Investigational Product (IP) will be administered in the context of a \"Set and Setting\" (SaS) Protocol for psychosocial support, comprised of 1) a period of preparation with Facilitators prior to dosing; 2) administration of IP in an aesthetically pleasing room under the supervision of two Facilitators; and 3) post-dose integration sessions during which participants will discuss their dosing experience with the Facilitators. Trial outcome measures will assess depressive symptoms, functional disability, health-related quality of life, and clinical global impression of disease severity. Long-term Follow-up Period: After the initial 6-week Double-blind Period and completion of the post-dosing Trial Day 43 assessments, all participants will proceed into a 1-year Follow-up Period. During the 1-year Follow-up Period, participants will be followed regularly by clinic staff to assess MDD symptom severity, functional disability, and health-related quality of life; long-term safety data will also be collected. In addition to scheduled clinic visits, clinic staff will contact participants by telephone every two weeks to assess for changes in MDD symptom severity, concomitant medications, adverse events (AEs), and suicidal ideation and behavior. Participants who meet the pre-defined MDD severity criteria and meet all re-administration eligibility criteria may be offered re-administration(s) of open-label Psilocybin 25 mg administered under a \"Set and Setting\" (SaS) Protocol. Psychosocial support, including psychoeducation, is also incorporated in the long-term Follow-up Period.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06308653", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Major, Psilocybin 25 mg, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, Indocybin, Inactive Placebo, Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC), Placebo, Psilocybin 5 mg, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, Indocybin, Active Comparator, Psychosocial Support, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06308653\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1930, "title": "EE341 COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF PSILOCYBIN-ASSISTED THERAPY (PAT) FOR PATIENTS WITH TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION", "normalized_title": "ee341 cost effectiveness of psilocybin assisted therapy pat for patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Yosr Ziadi, Taehwan Park", "abstract": "", "journal": "Value in Health", "publication_date": "2026-05-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jval.2026.03.635", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2026.03.635", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Internal medicine, MEDLINE, Psychiatry, Text mining, Pediatrics, Intensive care medicine, Physical therapy, Psychological therapy, Schizophrenia research and treatment, Personality Disorders and Psychopathology, Medication Adherence and Compliance", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166194446\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166194446\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130171461\",\"display_name\":\"Yosr Ziadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033768692\",\"display_name\":\"Taehwan Park\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S678965\",\"source_display_name\":\"Value in Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2026.03.635\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Personality Change,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166194446" }, { "id": 53, "title": "Psilocybin restores behavior and 5-HT2A signaling while reducing microglial density after chronic traumatic brain injury in rats", "normalized_title": "psilocybin restores behavior and 5 ht2a signaling while reducing microglial density after chronic traumatic brain injury in rats", "authors": "Josh Allen, Bianca Jupp, Tamara L. Baker, Mohammad B. Haskali, Robert Brkljača, Zoe Plummer, Mujun Sun, Justin Brand, Brian R. Christie, Chantel T. Debert, Stuart J. McDonald, Terence J. O’Brien, Pablo M. Casillas-Espinosa, Sandy R. Shultz", "abstract": "Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes persistent neurobehavioral deficits and increases the risk of psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and cognitive dysfunction linked to disrupted neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and serotonergic (5-HT) signaling. No effective pharmacotherapies exist for chronic TBI. Psilocybin, a psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonist, shows promise due to its neuroplasticity-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant effects. Here, male rats received fluid-percussion or sham injury, followed one year later by a single psilocybin (1 mg/kg) or saline injection. Behavioral testing began 24 h later, and positron emission tomography assessed 5-HT2A binding after two weeks. TBI produced persistent sensorimotor, learning and memory, and affective deficits; reduced 5-HT2A binding; and microglial alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex characterized by decreased process branching and enlarged soma size. Psilocybin treatment could improve sensorimotor function, restore 5-HT2A binding, and reduce microglial cell counts. These findings highlight psilocybin's therapeutic potential in chronic TBI and support further investigation of psychedelic treatments.", "journal": "Cell Reports Medicine", "publication_date": "2026-05-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102867", "pubmed_id": "42285092", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102867", "keywords": "Serotonergic, Traumatic brain injury, Prefrontal cortex, Medicine, Neuroscience, Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Psychology, Depression (economics), Neuroplasticity, Anesthesia, Cognition, Fluoxetine, Central nervous system, Hippocampus, Pharmacology, Hippocampal formation, Hallucinogen, Cognitive flexibility, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164582898\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164582898\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W282097497\",\"https://openalex.org/W1582179550\",\"https://openalex.org/W1599691548\",\"https://openalex.org/W1882482010\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964223116\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967189169\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968345651\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996965924\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999934730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005114459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016647678\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025845189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035408187\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048443834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066333062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067451082\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067481209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080017034\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080185746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087412997\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150025648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2178224036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2290718261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2345917271\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2586825713\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767813783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796819223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799831564\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801625478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907553313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2909897542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919241137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2941251312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942350530\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039107584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086471578\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122084099\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163918973\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164793453\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184845084\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200055187\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200506456\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206233669\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210297019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221057587\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238168837\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285591556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316036302\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321501908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387259638\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387969794\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388268207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389793820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390064715\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390615076\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394757998\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395006819\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403450928\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403809829\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406974730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411302754\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411662399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414171615\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415923681\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021165179\",\"display_name\":\"Josh Allen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078740195\",\"display_name\":\"Bianca Jupp\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-9170\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026428711\",\"display_name\":\"Tamara L. Baker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035832224\",\"display_name\":\"Mohammad B. Haskali\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3084-2084\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065884453\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Brkljača\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6190-2276\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138484014\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Plummer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026851012\",\"display_name\":\"Mujun Sun\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9923-9913\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004717925\",\"display_name\":\"Justin Brand\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4927-8438\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007027911\",\"display_name\":\"Brian R. Christie\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6830-0160\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138530957\",\"display_name\":\"Chantel T. Debert\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075491539\",\"display_name\":\"Stuart J. McDonald\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5190-3179\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138536180\",\"display_name\":\"Terence J. O’Brien\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138494799\",\"display_name\":\"Pablo M. Casillas-Espinosa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078165559\",\"display_name\":\"Sandy R. Shultz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2525-8775\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210207453\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cell Reports Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102867\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7164582898" }, { "id": 3576, "title": "A Phase 2a Study of Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for Cancer-Related Anxiety and Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a study of group retreat psilocybin therapy for cancer related anxiety and depression", "authors": "University of Washington", "abstract": "This phase II trial tests the safety, side effects and how well group retreat psilocybin therapy works for the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with solid tumors that have spread from where they first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic) or with hematologic cancers for which no treatment is currently available (incurable). For patients with metastatic, incurable cancer, unrelieved anxiety and existential distress can cause profound suffering. Psilocybin therapy can relieve anxiety and existential distress by disrupting patterns of thinking that contribute to anxiety and depression. Psilocybin is a substance being studied in the treatment of anxiety or depression in patients with cancer. In this study, a pharmaceutical grade of psilocybin will be used that has been approved by the FDA for research, provided by Filament Health. Psilocybin acts on the brain by resetting the brain's activity and increasing connections between brain regions, particularly those involved in mood regulation and self-perception. In this study psilocybin is combined with structured discussions and reflections that enable patients to have new insights about their situation. In a prior study, group retreat psilocybin therapy was proven to be safe and this study tests a refined dosing regimen for symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with metastatic solid tumors or incurable hematologic malignancies. OUTLINE: Patients attend group preparation therapy sessions on days -14 (virtual), -7 (virtual) and -1 (in person), and also attend an individual preparation therapy session on day -1 (in person). Patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) on day 0. Patients may receive an additional \"booster\" dose 60-90 minutes after the initial dose based on their subjective report combined with the physician's clinical judgement. Patients attend group integration therapy sessions on days 1 (in person), 8 (virtual), 15 (virtual), and 22 (virtual), and attend individual integration therapy sessions on days 1 (in person) and 8 (virtual). After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 2 weeks and at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07336238", "keywords": "Anxiety, Depression, Hematopoietic and Lymphatic System Neoplasm, Metastatic Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Psychotherapy, therapy, talk therapy, Psilocybin, psilocybine, Survey Administration, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07336238\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1940, "title": "Psilocybin shows rapid relief for depression symptoms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin shows rapid relief for depression symptoms", "authors": "Valerie A. Canady", "abstract": "A single dose of psilocybin may provide rapid relief for people with major depressive disorder (MDD), with benefits emerging within days and lasting for several weeks, according to a randomized clinical trial published May 15 in JAMA Network Open. Researchers of the study, “Short-Term and Late-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Symptoms in Major Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” found that patients receiving psilocybin experienced significantly larger reductions in depression scores compared with those given an active placebo, meeting the study's primary endpoint at eight days.", "journal": "Mental Health Weekly", "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/mhw.34890", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34890", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Clinical endpoint, Major depressive disorder, Depressive symptoms, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Placebo, Open label, Symptom relief, Primary care, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162755829\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162755829\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137367980\",\"display_name\":\"Valerie A. Canady\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1030938293\",\"source_display_name\":\"Mental Health Weekly\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34890\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162755829" }, { "id": 1939, "title": "Psilocybin shows mixed results for patients with treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin shows mixed results for patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Patients with treatment-resistant depression who received psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy showed clinically meaningful improvement in depressive symptoms relative to placebo, a Phase 2b trial has found. However, the study did not show a significant effect on the primary outcome of treatment response 6 weeks after the first of two doses of psilocybin. Study results were published online March 18, 2026 in JAMA Psychiatry.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31461", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31461", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Primary care, Randomized controlled trial, Treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive episode, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162787347\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162787347\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31461\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162787347" }, { "id": 1937, "title": "Effect of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy on anxiety symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy on anxiety symptoms a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Alex Hood, Gary ELKINS", "abstract": "Abstract Background and Aims Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a novel, transdiagnostic treatment in which the 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocybin is combined with psychotherapy. Studies to date have evaluated PAP's effects on depression, substance use, and end-of-life adjustment. Relatively less attention has been given to its effects on anxiety symptoms, which are highly comorbid with other psychiatric conditions and are a leading cause of global disability. This review systematically evaluated evidence for PAP's effects on anxiety symptoms across diagnoses, with attention to variations in interventional components across studies. Methods A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Searches were completed in six databases and independent reviewers screened records. Study quality was assessed and data extracted on participant demographics and intervention features. Random-effects models estimated within- and between-group effects from baseline to primary endpoint. Results Twenty-five studies were determined eligible for inclusion. Considerable heterogeneity was observed in psychotherapy format, dosing, session structure, and outcome timing. Pooled results showed a large within-groups effect on anxiety after controlling for measurement artifacts (Hedge's g = 0.96) and a small between-groups effect (Hedge's g = 0.48). High heterogeneity persisted even after controlling for the influence of different anxiety measures and moderators related to intervention formulation and delivery. Conclusions PAP shows promise for reducing anxiety across primary diagnoses. However, variability in study quality, interventional design, sample representativeness, and high heterogeneity warrant caution in interpretation. More rigorous, high-quality trials with diverse populations are needed. Implications and directions for future research are summarized.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2026.00507", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00507", "keywords": "Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Intervention (counseling), Psychology, Psychotherapist, Systematic review, Demographics, Randomized controlled trial, Psychological intervention, Clinical trial, Sample size determination, MEDLINE, Meta-analysis, Anxiety disorder, Psychiatry, Medicine, Specific phobia, Substance use, Session (web analytics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:49:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162785692\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162785692\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1987138256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021593215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021803359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026789649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029637260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065796326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074598859\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107328434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112953965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145576372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2468643947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600378660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901724277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2910235276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912626077\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924322406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2927560891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991510409\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000661394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014277121\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3141256924\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205622941\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200214647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200408156\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225308749\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225982601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307773202\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309360340\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310735641\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320480665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321097050\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386849390\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387737676\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390918459\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392657822\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394602238\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398774731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400279567\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400695899\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402476560\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402554692\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402748917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405122998\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405376152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406141686\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406240577\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409286565\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410030136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413889891\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414374510\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095491420\",\"display_name\":\"Alex Hood\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009557677\",\"display_name\":\"Gary ELKINS\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00507\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162785692" }, { "id": 90, "title": "Psychedelic-induced hypomania and mania: a systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic induced hypomania and mania a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Eskinazi M, Nasserdine R, Cusin RM, Baniotoupoulos P, Saccaro LF, De Pieri M, Corino T, Seragnoli F, Briefer JF, Aboulafia Brakha T, Richard-Lepouriel H, Penzenstadler L, Böge K, Kirchner M, Zullino D, Højlund M, Sapienza J, Bosia M, Catalan A, Vieta E, Solmi M, Sabé M.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics are increasingly investigated as treatments for affective disorders. Concerns persist regarding their potential to induce hypomania or mania, particularly in individuals with bipolar spectrum vulnerability. Whether these substances precipitate transient mood switches or contribute to persistent bipolar illness or diagnostic transition remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review of human studies examining manic or hypomanic symptoms following exposure to serotonergic psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD, mescaline, DMT/ayahuasca) or MDMA (CRD420251160656). Databases and trial registries were searched through January 26, 2026. Eligible designs included randomized and non-randomized clinical studies, registry-based cohorts, cross-sectional surveys, and longitudinal observational studies. Outcomes included dysphoria/euphoria, manic or hypomanic symptoms and transition to bipolar disorder. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I, ROB2 or NIH tools. Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria, four contributing to meta-analysis. Rates of psychedelic-associated dysphoria/euphoria, hypomania or mania ranged from 5.8% in controlled trials of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for major depressive disorders to 30% in naturalistic studies of individuals with bipolar disorder. When present, manic symptoms were typically acute and self-limited. Observational studies identified higher risks among individuals with bipolar I disorder, familial vulnerability, polysubstance use, and unsupervised or illegal use. Registry-based cohorts examining diagnostic transitions showed a prevalence of subsequent transition to bipolar disorder of 4% (95% CI2-8%; N = 7478; I² = 32.1%), with little evidence for a hallucinogen-specific signal. Overall, serotonergic psychedelics appear to pose a low but clinically meaningful relative risk of transient mood-related symptoms in susceptible individuals while remaining relatively safe in controlled clinical settings. Long-term outcomes and repeated exposure remain insufficiently studied, underscoring the need for rigorous longitudinal research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-05-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-026-03657-6", "pubmed_id": "42215638", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-026-03657-6", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42215638\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 97, "title": "Psilocybin-induced neurocardiogenic syncope: a case report", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced neurocardiogenic syncope a case report", "authors": "Mazen A. Atiq, Eli Weisman, Rodrigo B. Guerra, Luis Luna Martinez, David B. Yaden, Frederick S. Barrett, Sandeep Nayak, Ceyda Sayalı", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin is among the serotonergic psychedelics closest to potential FDA approval, with growing evidence of therapeutic benefit across psychiatric conditions. As clinical trials expand, systematic characterization of adverse events (AEs) remains essential. While transient hypertensive responses are well documented, hypotensive events such as neurocardiogenic syncope (NCS) are rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a healthy 35-year-old male enrolled in an open-label study investigating psilocybin-evoked changes in brain function during transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG). Approximately 60 minutes after receiving 25 mg oral psilocybin, and shortly after initiation of an eye-open resting-state EEG, he experienced prodromal lightheadedness followed by a brief loss of consciousness and postural tone. Immediate blood pressure was 93/51 mmHg with tachycardia and diaphoresis. Supportive measures, including leg elevation and oral hydration, led to rapid stabilization, and no further cardiovascular abnormalities occurred. The participant reported an emotionally intense experience, and contextual factors - including upright seated posture, restrictive EEG equipment, and anticipatory anxiety surrounding TMS - may have contributed to heightened autonomic arousal and susceptibility to NCS. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights a rare hypotensive AE during psilocybin administration and underscores the importance of vigilant cardiovascular monitoring, particularly during procedures that may amplify emotional arousal. Given that fewer than one-quarter of contemporary psychedelic trials report systematic AE assessment, transparent documentation of both hypertensive and hypotensive events is critical for defining psilocybin's safety profile as clinical applications expand. PARENT TRIAL REGISTRATION: Open Label Psilocybin Brain Stimulation and Imaging Pilot Study; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06835699. Date registered: 02/13/2025. The parent-study consent form explicitly permits publication of de-identified participant data, and separate institutional approval for this case report was obtained (IRB00543773).", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-05-27", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-026-07079-8", "pubmed_id": "42207275", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-026-07079-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Adverse effect, Anxiety, Anesthesia, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Clinical trial, Arousal, Electroencephalography, Psychology, Blood pressure, Tachycardia, Lightheadedness, Psychiatry, Bradycardia, Orthostatic vital signs, Depression (economics), Serotonergic, Neuroscience, Lamotrigine, Hallucinogen, Vasovagal syncope, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162662445\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162662445\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2104188272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159580288\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392242862\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416839507\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060369515\",\"display_name\":\"Mazen A. Atiq\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5598-480X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137214587\",\"display_name\":\"Eli Weisman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040974568\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Guerra\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9044-0457\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135659235\",\"display_name\":\"Luis Luna Martinez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137208332\",\"display_name\":\"David B. Yaden\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137283236\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137299515\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep Nayak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079100962\",\"display_name\":\"Ceyda Sayalı\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3420-5499\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-026-07079-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162662445" }, { "id": 99, "title": "Long-Term Efficacy of Psilocybin with Adjunct Psychotherapy in Treatment-Resistant Major Depression (EPIsoDE): 6- and 12-Month Naturalistic Follow-Up of a Phase 2b Trial", "normalized_title": "long term efficacy of psilocybin with adjunct psychotherapy in treatment resistant major depression episode 6 and 12 month naturalistic follow up of a phase 2b trial", "authors": "Lea J. Mertens, Felix Betzler, Manuela Brand, Ricarda Evens, Andrea Jungaberle, Henrik Jungaberle, Laura Kärtner, Tomislav Majić, Christian N. Schmitz, Andreas Ströhle, Dennis Scharf, Moritz Spangemacher, Max Wolff, Zahra Assadi, Scharif Bahri, Lilith Becher, Luca V. Färber, Henry Harder, Niklas Kirchen, Eugenia Kulakova, Linda C. Kunz, Andy Meijer, Barbara Rohrmoser, Stefan Wellek, Moritz M. Berger, Michael Koslowski, Gerhard Gründer", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: Psilocybin shows promise for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but long-term data are limited. This study examined the antidepressant effect of one or two psilocybin doses with adjunct psychotherapy in TRD until twelve months. METHODS: This is a naturalistic follow-up of a phase 2b, randomized, active placebo-controlled trial, where participants were randomized to receive two drug administrations six weeks apart, embedded within seven psychotherapeutic sessions: (1) active placebo (100 mg nicotinamide) then 25 mg psilocybin, (2) 5 mg psilocybin then 25 mg psilocybin, (3a) 25 mg psilocybin then 5 mg psilocybin, or (3b) 25 mg psilocybin twice. The controlled phase ended at twelve weeks, after which participants could pursue other treatments, with follow-ups at six- and twelve-months. The primary follow-up endpoint was change from baseline on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD17). RESULTS: 126/144 randomized participants (51 females, 40%) completed at least one follow-up visit. A generalized additive mixed regression model for change in HAMD17 scores showed a significant time effect across groups for both follow-up time points, with estimated average changes from baseline of -7.93 (95% CI: -9.17, -6.70, adj. p", "journal": "Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics", "publication_date": "2026-05-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1159/000552272", "pubmed_id": "42201843", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1159/000552272", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Placebo, Pharmacotherapy, Psychology, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive disorder, Imipramine, Clinical endpoint, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Adjunctive treatment, Clinical psychology, Rating scale, Depressive symptoms, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Naturalistic observation, Crossover study, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Primary care, Paroxetine, Double blind, Adjunct, Severity of illness, Hamilton depression scale, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162570449\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162570449\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135017281\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137147735\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Betzler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-4870\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051417409\",\"display_name\":\"Manuela Brand\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054444045\",\"display_name\":\"Ricarda Evens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016321877\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137123194\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137160650\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Kärtner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065637165\",\"display_name\":\"Tomislav Majić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2950-6673\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137173281\",\"display_name\":\"Christian N. Schmitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1908-4026\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137090167\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Ströhle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3751-0878\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136596267\",\"display_name\":\"Dennis Scharf\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137107268\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137114818\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130191345\",\"display_name\":\"Zahra Assadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067811740\",\"display_name\":\"Scharif Bahri\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090562448\",\"display_name\":\"Lilith Becher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137157693\",\"display_name\":\"Luca V. Färber\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137188532\",\"display_name\":\"Henry Harder\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080849074\",\"display_name\":\"Niklas Kirchen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031576236\",\"display_name\":\"Eugenia Kulakova\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-4802\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102613407\",\"display_name\":\"Linda C. Kunz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129846065\",\"display_name\":\"Andy Meijer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093861751\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara Rohrmoser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063934463\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Wellek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-8122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137104934\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz M. Berger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045306689\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Koslowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-9875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S184803288\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552272\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162570449" }, { "id": 98, "title": "Catatonia Associated With First-Time Psilocybin Exposure: A Case Report", "normalized_title": "catatonia associated with first time psilocybin exposure a case report", "authors": "Jasbir Singh, Pranathi Mruthyunjaya", "abstract": "In this case report, we highlight a 28-year-old male patient with predominantly retarded type of catatonia following a single incidence of psilocybin ingestion. This patient presented with a history of six months of mutism and inability to feed himself after consuming psilocybin for the first time. He did not have any history of psychiatric illness or substance use. Imaging and laboratory results were unremarkable. The goal of this case report is to document one of the earliest records of psilocybin-induced catatonia.", "journal": "Cureus", "publication_date": "2026-05-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.c439", "pubmed_id": "42211293", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.c439", "keywords": "Medicine, Catatonia, Psilocybin, Dermatology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), MEDLINE, Anesthesia, Pediatrics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162551404\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162551404\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103360774\",\"display_name\":\"Jasbir Singh\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5132989820\",\"display_name\":\"Pranathi Mruthyunjaya\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2738950867\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cureus\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.c439\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Aging,Case Report", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162551404" }, { "id": 3660, "title": "The Safety and Acceptability of Psilocybin With Support and With Massed Prolonged Exposure Therapy for PTSD", "normalized_title": "the safety and acceptability of psilocybin with support and with massed prolonged exposure therapy for ptsd", "authors": "Emory University", "abstract": "This pilot study will examine the safety, tolerability, acceptability, and efficacy of combination psilocybin + psychotherapy to decrease PTSD symptoms. Participants will be randomized into two different treatment groups, allowing the investigators to directly compare PE augmented with psilocybin and psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. The Primary objective is to pilot and investigate tolerability, safety, and acceptability of psilocybin-assisted supportive therapy and psilocybin-assisted massed prolonged exposure (PE) therapy and conduct exploratory analyses related to comparative effectiveness of these treatments, including preliminary outcomes from pre-treatment to 1-month follow-up on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Safety and tolerability of the treatment will be assessed and evaluated using the Swiss Psychedelic Side Effects Inventory (SPSI), Psychedelic-assisted Therapy After Effects (PATAE), and the Accessibility Questionnaire (AQ). The study will also evaluate the effect of psilocybin and massed exposure therapy using Subjective Units of Distress (SUDS) during imaginal exposure sessions; to assess self-reported PTSD and depression symptoms across treatment and investigate effect on fear extinction learning and fear extinction recall as assessed via fear potentiated startle. Given that this is a pilot study with small sample, analyses will be preliminary.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07332143", "keywords": "PTSD, psilocybin, 3-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate, Supportive Therapy, Prolonged Exposure Therapy, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07332143\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 100, "title": "Epigenome-wide association study of psilocybin-induced methylome changes in alcohol use disorder.", "normalized_title": "epigenome wide association study of psilocybin induced methylome changes in alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Urban MM, Zillich L, Rieser NM, Herdener M, Spanagel R, Vollenweider FX, Preller KH, Meinhardt MW.", "abstract": "The serotonergic hallucinogen psilocybin has shown potential as a treatment for psychiatric conditions like alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depression in clinical studies. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, are hypothesized to contribute to its lasting therapeutic benefits. In this exploratory study, we present the first methylome-wide analysis of psilocybin-induced changes in a cohort of detoxified patients with AUD. The longitudinal study design included three assessment days in 37 patients with blood sampling and acquisition of psychometrics - at baseline, 24 h after administration of psilocybin (25 mg) or placebo (mannitol), and one month after treatment. As the primary endpoints (duration of abstinence and mean alcohol use) in this trial were not reached, our investigation included secondary psychometrics that differed significantly between groups: Beck's Depression Inventory and Beck's Hopelessness Scale. The epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) identified one CpG site in TLE4 (p = 1.1e-7) associated with psilocybin treatment. Screening for differentially methylated regions, we observed altered methylation in the gene RASGRP4 (pFDR = 3.2e-4). Network analysis revealed co-methylation modules related to psilocybin treatment, as well as modules associated with the reduction of depressive symptoms and drinking behavior. Gene ontology analysis indicated involvement of these modules in neuroplasticity and immune functions, suggesting that they may reflect abstinence-related recovery processes. Investigating candidate genes at nominal significance (p", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-05-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-026-03961-3", "pubmed_id": "42192100", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-026-03961-3", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens, Longitudinal Studies, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Psilocybin, Epigenome", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42192100\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Epigenetics,Observational Study,Genomics,Immune Function", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4012, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression a comprehensive review of mechanisms and therapeutic potential", "authors": "Dallas T Mason", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is characterized by chronic symptoms, impaired functioning, and limited response to conventional antidepressant therapy. Contemporary reviews have highlighted increasing interest in psilocybin-assisted therapy as a mechanistically novel approach for depressive disorders, grounded in early feasibility work demonstrating clinically meaningful symptom reductions in TRD populations and strengthened by subsequent randomized trials in major depressive disorder (MDD).¹,²,³ Open-label findings in TRD showed rapid and sustained reductions in depressive symptoms, while controlled trials in MDD demonstrated significant improvements from baseline after one or two psilocybin-assisted therapy sessions.¹,²,³ Systematic reviews of mechanistic work indicate that psilocybin modulates multiple neurobiological and psychological domains relevant to depression, including 5-HT₂A-mediated signaling functional network reorganization and emotional or cognitive shifts associated with therapeutic processes such as openness and acceptance.²,⁴‾⁷ Neuroimaging studies show acute alterations in default mode network dynamics and broader changes in connectivity during the psychedelic experience, findings interpreted as consistent with increased cognitive and emotional flexibility.²,⁵,⁷ Meta-analytic reviews report substantial antidepressant effects across different psilocybin dosing strategies and indicate that improvements often persist for several weeks.⁸,⁹ Safety reviews describe psilocybin’s acute adverse effects as generally mild, transient, and self-limiting, whereas recent systematic analyses highlight substantial variability and methodological limitations in harms reporting across trials.¹⁰,¹¹ Ethical, legal, and implementation challenges remain, including the constraints imposed by psilocybin’s Schedule I classification and the intensive training, therapeutic support, and clinical infrastructure required for safe delivery of psilocybin-assisted therapy.¹²,¹³ This narrative review synthesizes mechanistic, clinical, safety, and regulatory evidence to evaluate the potential role of psilocybin-assisted therapy for individuals with TRD.", "journal": "Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)", "publication_date": "2026-05-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/dmscjournal/vol8/iss1/6", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Antidepressant, Treatment-resistant depression, Cognition, Psychology, Default mode network, Adverse effect, Systematic review, Clinical trial, Medicine, Neuroimaging, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Depression (economics), Electroconvulsive therapy, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Narrative review, Hallucinogen, MEDLINE, Neuroscience, Dosing, Functional neuroimaging, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:35", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162235135\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162235135\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136833991\",\"display_name\":\"Dallas T Mason\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196904\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/dmscjournal/vol8/iss1/6\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162235135" }, { "id": 4011, "title": "The Use of Psilocybin for Managing Refractory Behavioral Health Conditions: A New and Promising Approach", "normalized_title": "the use of psilocybin for managing refractory behavioral health conditions a new and promising approach", "authors": "Rachel N Clark", "abstract": "The purpose of this review is to evaluate the possible benefits of using psilocybin(C12H17N2O4P), a naturally occurring psychoactive compound found in certain species of mushrooms, in the treatment of multiple forms of mental illness and substance abuse in either monotherapy or in conjunction with traditional psychiatric medications. The compound acts as a high-affinity agonist for several serotonin receptors, including 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C, which are densely located throughout the cerebral cortex and thalamus. Following a comprehensive search of electronic databases, this review evaluates the pharmacokinetics, therapeutic efficacy, and safety profile of psilocybin in treating depression, anxiety, and addiction disorders. The findings are promising and support its efficacy with decreased symptoms in multiple psychiatric disorders with a rapid onset. Significant research barriers remain, including methodological limitations, regulatory constraints, and limited population diversity in clinical trials conducted to date. United States (US) federal funding for the study of psilocybin as a potential therapeutic option has not yet been approved. Biosynthetic production of the compound and enhanced integration into psychotherapy are necessary to ensure scalability, safety, and accessibility. Future research is essential to evaluate and to refine its therapeutic applications on a larger scale.", "journal": "Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)", "publication_date": "2026-05-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3694&context=dmscjournal", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Addiction, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Population, Clinical trial, Substance abuse, Psychology, Mental illness, Psychotherapist, Mental health, Pharmacology, Addiction medicine, Drug, Substance use, MEDLINE, Adjunctive treatment, Global population, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:35", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162225828\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162225828\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136836285\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel N Clark\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196904\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3694&context=dmscjournal\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162225828" }, { "id": 4010, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in the Management of Anxiety and Depression Among Cancer Patients", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy in the management of anxiety and depression among cancer patients", "authors": "Caleb Lemus", "abstract": "Psychological distress, such as anxiety and depression, is common among people with cancer and is often worsened by existential worries about mortality, loss of meaning, and decreased quality of life. Standard treatments, including medication and psychotherapy, often offer limited or short-term relief, highlighting the need for new, integrative psychosocial oncology approaches. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has shown promise in addressing both mood symptoms and existential distress. This review aims to summarize current evidence on the role of psilocybin therapy in managing anxiety and depression in cancer patients. It includes findings from randomized controlled trials, long-term follow-up studies, and feasibility research on psilocybin within structured psychotherapeutic frameworks, sourced from electronic databases. Overall, psilocybin therapy is linked to quick and meaningful reductions in anxiety and depression, often after just one or two supervised doses. These clinical improvements are supported by the Relaxed Beliefs Under Psychedelics (REBUS) model, which suggests that psilocybin facilitates a relaxation of rigid, maladaptive cognitive patterns while promoting neuroplasticity. This allows for a significant shift in perspective regarding mortality and existential distress. These benefits are long-lasting, with improvements remaining months after treatment. Patients also report improved psychological well-being, emotional acceptance, and a stronger sense of meaning, indicating benefits beyond mood stabilization. This review identifies the importance of preparatory counseling, therapeutic support during dosing, and post-session integration to maximize results, emphasizing psilocybin’s role as a catalyst in psychotherapy rather than as a stand-alone drug. When administered in controlled clinical environments with proper screening and monitoring, psilocybin exhibits a favorable safety profile, although psychological risks necessitate careful oversight. Situating these findings within psychosocial oncology and palliative care, this review emphasizes psilocybin therapy’s potential to meet unmet mental health needs in cancer patients. Limitations such as small sample sizes, homogenous populations, and regulatory hurdles are acknowledged. Overall, the evidence supports PAT as an emerging intervention with significant clinical potential, meriting further research into long-term effects, scalability, and integration into comprehensive cancer care.", "journal": "Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)", "publication_date": "2026-05-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3713&context=dmscjournal", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Psychotherapist, Mood, Clinical psychology, Cancer, Psychosocial, Psychology, Cognition, Depression (economics), Existentialism, Psychiatry, Perspective (graphical), Cognitive therapy, Guided imagery, Psycho-oncology, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Medicine, Relaxation (psychology), Psychological therapy, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Randomized controlled trial, Exposure therapy, MEDLINE, Mental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:35", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162222410\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162222410\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136847142\",\"display_name\":\"Caleb Lemus\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196904\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3713&context=dmscjournal\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Aging,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162222410" }, { "id": 4009, "title": "A single dose of psilocybin eased depression symptoms for months, our study found", "normalized_title": "a single dose of psilocybin eased depression symptoms for months our study found", "authors": "Hampus Yngwe, J O Lundberg", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-05-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.64628/ab.esysa7wnu", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64628/ab.esysa7wnu", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Depressive symptoms, MEDLINE, Disease, Major depressive disorder, Anesthesia, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:35", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162100098\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162100098\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095379592\",\"display_name\":\"Hampus Yngwe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125067605\",\"display_name\":\"J O Lundberg\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.64628/ab.esysa7wnu\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162100098" }, { "id": 3661, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin With Psychological Support on Anhedonia in Treatment-resistant Depression: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin with psychological support on anhedonia in treatment resistant depression a randomized controlled pilot trial", "authors": "University of Colorado, Denver", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of psilocybin on the symptom of anhedonia in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06230757", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Anhedonia, Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin 25mg, Placebo (active placebo), Ultra Low Dose Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06230757\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3636, "title": "A Pilot Mechanistic Study of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy as a Treatment for Depression", "normalized_title": "a pilot mechanistic study of psilocybin assisted therapy as a treatment for depression", "authors": "Washington University School of Medicine", "abstract": "Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting an estimated 300 million people. Despite available treatments, response rates remain modest, and treatment resistance is common. Novel treatments are needed that act rapidly, produce lasting effects and work differently than existing antidepressants. In clinical trials, psilocybin has shown promise as a treatment for depression due to its rapid onset of antidepressant effects and sustained benefits. This study will use MRI scanning of the brain and other biological measures (biomarkers) to investigate how psilocybin affects brain activity and psychological flexibility before, during, and after receiving psilocybin in participants with depressive symptoms.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-19", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07582120", "keywords": "Depression, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07582120\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Biomarkers,Psychological Flexibility,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3514, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for depression", "authors": "University of California, Los Angeles", "abstract": "The primary objectives of this clinical investigation are to (1) determine the acceptability and feasibility of joining psilocybin-assisted therapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy (PA-CBT) for patients with depression, (2) optimize CBT to most effectively integrate the psilocybin experience with psychotherapy and (3) examine the clinical benefit of psilocybin as an adjunct to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for major depressive disorder. This study will involve an open trial of PA-CBT where participants will receive two doses of psilocybin (10mg and then 25mg, separated by one month) plus 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05227612", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Cognitive behavioral therapy, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05227612\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 123, "title": "Short-Term and Late-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Symptoms in Major Depression", "normalized_title": "short term and late term effects of psilocybin on symptoms in major depression", "authors": "Hampus Yngwe, Pontus Plavén-Sigray, Carl Johan Ekman, Eva Henje, Anders Berglund, Mikael Tiger, Maria Beckman, J O Lundberg", "abstract": "Importance: Psilocybin has been proposed as a rapid-acting antidepressant (onset 6 weeks), but evidence from randomized clinical trials remains limited, particularly in the broader major depressive disorder (MDD) population. Objective: To assess short-term and long-term antidepressant effects of psilocybin therapy in patients with MDD. Design, Setting, and Participants: This double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of participants diagnosed with moderate to severe recurrent MDD was conducted at the Northern Stockholm Psychiatric Clinic between January 26, 2021, and February 19, 2024. Statistical analysis was performed from February 20, 2024, to June 20, 2025. Interventions: Participants received a single dose of psilocybin (25 mg) or active placebo (niacin, 100 mg) and 5 psychotherapeutic support sessions during 17 days. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was between-group difference in change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from baseline to day 8. Secondary end points included MADRS scores on days 15, 42, and 365, as well as monthly self-reports (MADRS-S) of depressive symptoms, disability, quality of life, and anxiety throughout the 365-day follow-up. Results: The study included 35 participants (21 [60%] female; mean [SD] age, 41.0 [10.1] years) diagnosed with moderate to severe recurrent MDD, with 17 randomized to the psilocybin group and 18 to the niacin group. The study met its primary end point with a significant mean between-group difference (model estimated) in change in MADRS score on day 8 (-7.27; 95% CI, -12.89 to -1.65; P =.01) in favor of psilocybin. The between-group difference was significant also on days 15 (mean difference, -11.03; 95% CI, -16.65 to -5.42; P", "journal": "JAMA Network Open", "publication_date": "2026-05-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.12589", "pubmed_id": "42138922", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.12589", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Psychiatry, Rating scale, Anxiety, Clinical endpoint, Depressive symptoms, Clinical trial, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Internal medicine, Hamilton depression scale, Major depressive episode, Statistical significance, Quality of life (healthcare), Severity of illness, Intention-to-treat analysis, Fluoxetine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161294763\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161294763\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993810702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010551045\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012310310\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065384164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093627832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117994084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165010366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167761850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169679251\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173476075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2405784884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2562220447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967946137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084133193\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107674131\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207016700\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214898817\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292528167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301006693\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319869979\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386437906\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388565270\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391753041\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408151066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408826190\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412738512\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095379592\",\"display_name\":\"Hampus Yngwe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004640388\",\"display_name\":\"Pontus Plavén-Sigray\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5342-5641\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045856839\",\"display_name\":\"Carl Johan Ekman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3770-9385\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067999594\",\"display_name\":\"Eva Henje\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5790-0518\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136263130\",\"display_name\":\"Anders Berglund\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063179816\",\"display_name\":\"Mikael Tiger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-8125\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065682565\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Beckman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-1863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125067605\",\"display_name\":\"J O Lundberg\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210217848\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Network Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.12589\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7161294763" }, { "id": 3606, "title": "Exploring the Safety, Acceptability, and Efficacy of Psilocybin Among Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Proof-of-Concept Trial (DREAM LUNG STUDY)", "normalized_title": "exploring the safety acceptability and efficacy of psilocybin among non small cell lung cancer patients with major depressive disorder a proof of concept trial dream lung study", "authors": "Alan Davis", "abstract": "This phase II trial tests the safety and side effects of psilocybin in combination with therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. A cancer diagnosis is life-changing, resulting in significant levels of psychological symptoms, including a combination of depression, anxiety, stress, including feelings of existential distress (i.e., loss of meaning, demoralization, despair). Among all cancer patients, those diagnosed with lung cancer have the highest prevalence of mood disorders, such as depression (up to 40%) leading to profound deterioration in quality of life, prolonged hospital stays, poorer treatment adherence, decreased survival rates, and high rates of suicide (5- and 3-times higher than the general population and other cancer patients, respectively). Psilocybin is substance being studied in the treatment of anxiety or depression in patients with advanced cancer. It is taken from the mushroom Psilocybe mexicana. Psilocybin acts on the brain to cause hallucinations (sights, sounds, smells, tastes, or touches that a person believes to be real but are not real). Psilocybin in combination with therapy may be safe and effective in treating major depressive disorder in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine the safety and acceptability of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in the reduction of depression and the impact of treatment on quality of life, cancer-related stress, and existential distress. OUTLINE: Patients participate in two preparation therapy sessions over 4 hours each on days 7 and 14, then patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) on day 21 and participate in a single dosing therapy session for over 8-10 hours on study. Patients also complete two post-dosing therapy sessions over 2 hours each on days 22 and 28 on study. Patients additionally undergo blood and urine sample collection throughout the study. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 4 and 12 weeks.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-13", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07216404", "keywords": "Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma, Unipolar Depression, Biospecimen Collection, Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Specimen Collection, Counseling, Counseling Intervention, Interview, Psilocybin, [3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate, Survey Administration, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07216404\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3511, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for post traumatic stress disorder in survivors of intimate partner violence", "authors": "University of Calgary", "abstract": "The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the efficacy of psilocybin administered with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) as an intervention to reduce post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom burden in adult (aged 18-65) survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). This trail will test the following 2 aims: AIM1: To compare the efficacy of a therapeutic psilocybin dose at improving outcomes on the PCL-5 and CAPS-5 as compared to an active control psilocybin dose in IPV survivors with chronic PTSD. AIM2: To evaluate the efficacy of psilocybin on quality of life, cognitive function, motor ability, depression, anxiety, and cognitive flexibility. Participants will be asked to: * Complete a 2 part screening process * Attend a baseline assessment * Complete a psychoeducation preparation session(s) * Attend psilocybin administration session (receive high dose \\[25mg\\] or low dose psilocybin \\[1mg\\]) * Complete 5-6 weekly sessions of ACT * Repeat outcome measures at 1-week, 4 weeks, 3 months (online questionnaires only), and 6 months post-psilocybin administration. The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of psilocybin administered with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) as an intervention to reduce post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom burden in survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). This trail will test the following 2 aims: AIM1: To compare the efficacy of a therapeutic psilocybin dose (25mg) at improving outcomes on the PCL-5 and CAPS-5 as compared to an active control psilocybin dose (1mg) (allocation ratio 1:1) in IPV survivors with chronic PTSD. Mean baseline scores will be compared to scores at each follow-up timepoint (1-week, 4 weeks, 3 months (PCL-5 only), and 6 months post-psilocybin administration). AIM2: to evaluate the efficacy of psilocybin on quality of life, cognitive function, motor ability, depression, anxiety, and cognitive flexibility. Mean baseline scores will be compared to scores at each follow-up timepoint (1-week, 4 weeks, 3 months (online only), and 6 months post-psilocybin administration). The secondary efficacy outcomes will include measures of mood, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, cognitive flexibility, emotional regulation, and quality of life. Exploratory Aim: Exploratory objectives of this study include evaluating blood biomarkers reflective of inflammation, growth factors, brain injury, and oxidative stress relevant to PTSD and psilocybin's mechanisms of action. A total of 76 male and female patients between the ages of 18-65 with the last incident of IPV greater than 6 months prior with a score of 1 on the Composite Abuse Scale with repetition of abusive events, meeting DSM-5 criteria for PTSD and a minimum PCL-5 score of 33. All patients will undergo a thorough, 2-part screening procedure. Eligible participants will be randomly allocated 1:1 to either the high dose (38 participants) or low dose (38 participants) psilocybin groups. All participants will be asked to attend a baseline session consisting of clinical and behavioural outcome measures followed by a pre-dosing psychoeducation session. Following the single dosing session, participants will complete 5-6 weekly ACT sessions. Outcome measure assessments will be repeated at 1-week, 4 weeks, 3 months (online only), and 6 months post-dosing.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-13", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06885996", "keywords": "Post Traumatic Stress Disorder PTSD, Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), Psilocybin, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06885996\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Oxidative Stress,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1945, "title": "Rapid-acting interventions in treatment-resistant depression - a comparative review of esketamine and psilocybin", "normalized_title": "rapid acting interventions in treatment resistant depression a comparative review of esketamine and psilocybin", "authors": "Bartłomiej Kosiarski, Anna Skrzypek, Patrycja Markowicz, Mikołaj Zbrożek, Krzysztof Biłyk, Maciej Hutkowski, Zuzanna Chwostek, Hanna Maruchniak, Wiktoria Marzec, Paulina Biedroń", "abstract": "Introduction and Objective.Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major clinical challenge affecting patients who fail to respond to at least two adequate antidepressant trials.The development of rapid-acting interventions targeting non-monoaminergic pathways has introduced new therapeutic possibilities.The aim of the review is to critically examine intranasal esketamine and psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in TRD, comparing their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, durability of response, and safety profiles.Materials and Method.A narrative review method consisting of a literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases.Randomized controlled trials, phase II-IV clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published primarily within the last eight years were analyzed.Case reports and preclinical studies were excluded.Brief description of the state of knowledge.Esketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has demonstrated rapid antidepressant effects within hours and has received regulatory approval for TRD.While effect sizes are generally modest, relapse prevention has been shown in maintenance trials.Psilocybin, a 5-HT2A receptor agonist administered within a structured psychotherapeutic framework, has shown promising antidepressant effects in early-phase trials, including a large phase IIb study, with sustained improvement following limited dosing.However, its evidence base remains constrained by methodological challenges and limited long-term data.Summary.Both agents converge on neuroplasticity-related mechanisms yet differ substantially in clinical implementation.Esketamine is an approved rapid-acting option for TRD, whereas psilocybin remains investigational.Further adequately powered trials and long-term safety data are required to define their roles within evolving treatment paradigms.", "journal": "Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research", "publication_date": "2026-05-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.26444/jpccr/221219", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/221219", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Psychological intervention, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive disorder, Anxiety, MEDLINE, Depressive symptoms, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160910785\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160910785\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124992076\",\"display_name\":\"Bartłomiej Kosiarski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136000378\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Skrzypek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6771-3186\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124981381\",\"display_name\":\"Patrycja Markowicz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006502767\",\"display_name\":\"Mikołaj Zbrożek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125011428\",\"display_name\":\"Krzysztof Biłyk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125059894\",\"display_name\":\"Maciej Hutkowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125072333\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Chwostek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124993719\",\"display_name\":\"Hanna Maruchniak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135973834\",\"display_name\":\"Wiktoria Marzec\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6395-6263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125013949\",\"display_name\":\"Paulina Biedroń\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764897176\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/221219\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160910785" }, { "id": 113, "title": "Efficacy and Safety of a Single Dose of Psilocybin for Chronic Suicidal Ideation", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of a single dose of psilocybin for chronic suicidal ideation", "authors": "Andrew van der Vaart, Jeffrey LaPratt, Kimberly Swartz, Audrey Shoultz, Margo Lauterbach, Trisha Suppes, Harold A. Sackeïm, Scott T. Aaronson", "abstract": "To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and durability of a single 25-mg dose of a proprietary, synthetic formulation of psilocybin with psychological support for reducing chronic suicidal ideation in a treatment-resistant population. ), and ≥2 prior antidepressant treatment failures received a single 25-mg dose of psilocybin administered within a structured preparatory and integration psychotherapy protocol. The primary outcome was change from baseline in the Modified Scale for Suicidal Ideation (MSSI) at week 3. Secondary outcomes included change in MSSI at weeks 1 and 12 and change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores at weeks 1, 3, and 12. Outcomes were analyzed using 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons. = 1.63-1.97). No serious adverse events occurred. In this open-label single-arm study of adults with chronic suicidal ideation and prior treatment failures, a single administration of psilocybin with psychological support was associated with rapid, large-magnitude, and durable reductions in suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms through 12 weeks. These preliminary findings support further evaluation in larger randomized controlled trials. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05220410.", "journal": "The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-05-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.4088/jcp.26m16338", "pubmed_id": "42138588", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.26m16338", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Suicidal ideation, Medicine, Psychiatry, Poison control, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Suicide prevention, Human factors and ergonomics, Depression (economics), MEDLINE, Psychology, Injury prevention, Paroxetine, Clinical trial, Psychotherapist, Occupational safety and health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160906477\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160906477\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026620795\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew van der Vaart\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093433058\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey LaPratt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112139669\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Swartz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054892136\",\"display_name\":\"Audrey Shoultz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135921394\",\"display_name\":\"Margo Lauterbach\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135924331\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021365968\",\"display_name\":\"Harold A. Sackeïm\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-4553\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135997839\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S17992710\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.26m16338\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160906477" }, { "id": 3022, "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in the Management of Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review", "normalized_title": "safety and efficacy of psilocybin in the management of treatment resistant depression a systematic review", "authors": "Walters CK, Chetty S, Rants’o TA, Gossayn S, Lerotholi LJ.", "abstract": "Abstract Background: Conventional pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has been found to provide limited benefit in a subset of patients. Psilocybin-assisted therapy has emerged as a promising modality due to its rapid-acting antidepressant effects and favourable tolerability profile shown in early trials. Despite growing research interest in psilocybin-assisted therapy the evidence for its use remains fragmented. Aim: To systematically review the evidence on the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in adults with TRD. Methods: This review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) and JBI Manual for Systematic Reviews of Effectiveness. PubMed ®, MEDLINE ®, the Cochrane Collaboration's CENTRAL ® trials registry, PsycINFO ® and EMBASE ® were searched between 2014 and 2025 for clinical trials and observational studies that met the inclusion criteria for psilocybin versus other antidepressants for TRD. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklists were used to assess the quality of the clinical trials. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD420251063913) Results: Six trials met the inclusion criteria. Psilocybin showed promising results in lowering depressive scores in participants with TRD. Common adverse events included anxiety, nausea, headache, fatigue and suicidal ideation. No serious safety concerns or cases of physiological toxicity were identified. Study limitations included small sample sizes, open-label designs, and heterogeneous psychotherapy protocols. Conclusions: Psilocybin as a novel therapy for TRD demonstrates promising efficacy and tolerability safety profile. Nonetheless, current evidence remains preliminary, and larger, methodologically robust randomized trials are needed to confirm efficacy, optimize dosing, and standardize psychological support frameworks.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-05-10", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9283280/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9283280/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1188752\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3570, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin Therapy Compared to Low-dose Control in Reducing Depressive Symptoms in Patients With COPD, ALS, MS, or APD.", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy compared to low dose control in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with copd als ms or apd", "authors": "University Medical Center Groningen", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether psilocybin therapy can effectively treat depression and psychological distress in adult patients with COPD, ALS, MS, or APD who have at least 6 months life expectancy. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Can psilocybin therapy safely reduce depressive symptoms compared to low-dose control? * Will the therapeutic effects be rapid and sustained over a 6-month period? Researchers will compare patients receiving two escalating doses of psilocybin (15mg followed by 25mg) against those receiving two low doses (1mg) to see if the higher doses lead to greater improvements in depression, anxiety, demoralization, and quality of life. Participants will: * Attend three preparation sessions with psychotherapists (1-2 hours each) * Undergo two supervised psilocybin dosing sessions (6-8 hours each) * Complete five integration therapy sessions following the dosing sessions * Participate in follow-up assessments at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months * Have access to a digital care platform and peer support groups during the 6-month follow-up period * Optional: Control group participants may receive one high-dose psilocybin session (25mg) after the initial study period Rationale Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), or atypical and advanced Parkinsonian disorder (APD) often suffer from severe psychological distress with demoralization and death anxiety, which may culminate in to depressive disorder. Treatments of depression in palliative care currently involves psychotherapy and/or the use of antidepressants. However, these treatments have shown limited efficacy which urgently calls for new and innovative approaches. In recent years, a number of studies have shown very promising results of psilocybin therapy in alleviating psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer. The current study (PsyPal) aims to evaluate whether psilocybin therapy can also lead to rapid and sustained decreases in depressive symptoms, demoralization and other facets of psychological distress in patients who suffer from COPD, ALS, MS and APD. Objective The primary objective of the PsyPal study is to assess the safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy compared to low-dose control in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with COPD, ALS, MS, or APD. Secondary objectives of PsyPal are to assess change in clinical functioning, end-of-life anxiety, psychological/existential distress, health-related quality of life, and how it impacts caregiver 's health- and economic burden. The safety objective of PsyPal is to evaluate the difference in adverse events between high and low dose groups before, during and after the dosing session. Exploratory objectives include the investigation of psychological mechanism, subjective effects, biomarkers (EEG and blood-based), cost-effectiveness, and the usefulness of a digital care platform, with a mixed methods approach. Main trial endpoints The main trial endpoint for PsyPal is the change in depression severity from baseline to 6 weeks after the second dose of psilocybin (high dose session). Adverse events and change in depression symptoms will also be assessed at 3- and 6-month follow-up to determine the safety and sustained effects of psilocybin therapy. Secondary trial endpoints Secondary trial endpoints will be assessed at baseline and 6 weeks after the second dose of psilocybin. These include response rate, anxiety, demoralization, health-related quality of life, experiential avoidance, coping with illness, death anxiety, the wish to hasten death, self-compassion, spirituality, attachment, pain, healthcare resource use, blood-based biomarkers, and functional brain changes. Some secondary endpoints will also be assessed at the 3- and 6-month follow-up, including anxiety, demoralization, health-related quality of life, experiential avoidance, and coping with illness. These endpoints aim to improve our understanding of the effects of psilocybin therapy, how psilocybin therapy works, and to see which patients show the best response. Finally, changes in (religious/spiritual) beliefs/understandings and the experience(s) with psilocybin therapy will be assessed through in-depth qualitative interviews with patients that are conducted 6 weeks after the second dose of psilocybin. Trial design PsyPal trial consists of a double-blind randomized low-dose controlled clinical trial with long term follow-up. Patients who are enrolled in the trial will be actively participating for ten weeks. After the primary endpoint, patients who received a low dose of psilocybin (1 mg) will be offered an optional single open label high-dose of psilocybin (25mg) together with three integration sessions. During long-term follow-up, patients will have access to a digital care platform and peer support groups. Trial population The trial population in PsyPal consists of patients with COPD, ALS, MS, or APD and co-morbid depression. The main further inclusion criteria for participation are an age of 18 or higher, having an identified caregiver or support person, and a life expectancy of at least 6 months. The main exclusion criteria are current use of antipsychotic drugs, suicidal ideations, schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, bipolar I/II disorder, other major neurological conditions, cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, and/or moderate to severe hepatic impairment (i.e., liver failure). Other exclusion criteria are a first-degree relative on the schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, or bipolar I disorder. Interventions Patients will receive psilocybin therapy consisting of three phases; 1) preparation, 2) dosing, and 3) integration: Preparation - The preparation phase consists of three psychotherapy sessions of 1-2 hours each. The purpose of these sessions is threefold: to build a therapeutic alliance between the patient and the therapist, to make a psychotherapeutic treatment plan for the patient using a process-based approach, and to educate patients about psilocybin's acute effects and how patients and therapists together can handle difficult experiences during the dosing sessions. Dosing - The dosing phase of PsyPal starts 1-3 days after the last preparation session. It consists of two escalating dosing sessions of 6-8 hours each. The patient first receives a moderate dose of psilocybin (15mg). Two weeks later, the patient receives a high dose of psilocybin (25mg). Patients in the control group will receive two doses of psilocybin (1mg). All dosing sessions take place under supervision of two trained therapists within a treatment room specifically designed for psilocybin therapy and with a medical doctor on call. Integration - The integration phase consists of five psychotherapeutic sessions of 1-2 hours each. There are two integration sessions following the first dosing session and three integration sessions following the second dosing session. The integration sessions are intended for further psychotherapeutic work, including working with the experience(s) that may have emerged during dosing sessions, and clinical assessment of the patient. Central topics may include the relationship with their life-limiting illness, death, meaning, sense of purpose, personal (religious/spiritual) beliefs, (social) relationships, and conflict resolution. The patient can also share thoughts and feelings about the PsyPal trial. Long-term follow-up After the intervention, patients will be returned to regular care and followed for a period of 6 months, tracking usage of healthcare resources, the digital care platform, and peer support groups. Qualitative aspects of the intervention will be evaluated for patients, caregivers and therapists. Long-term safety data of psilocybin therapy will be collected for the four patient populations.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-07", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06782724", "keywords": "COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis), MS (Multiple Sclerosis), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Atypical Parkinson Disease, Psilocybin therapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06782724\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3496, "title": "Does Psilocybin Require Psychedelic Effects to Treat Depression? A4-Week, Double-Blind, Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial", "normalized_title": "does psilocybin require psychedelic effects to treat depression a4 week double blind proof of concept randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychotherapy in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. In healthy volunteers, the psychedelic effects of psilocybin have been shown to be blocked by administration of serotonin (5HT)2A receptor antagonists such as risperidone. The purpose of this \"double dummy\" proof-of-concept trial is to evaluate whether psilocybin's antidepressant effects are dependent on its psychedelic effects. Sixty participants with treatment-resistant depression will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1) Psilocybin 25 mg plus risperidone 1 mg; 2) Psilocybin 25 mg plus placebo; and 3) Placebo plus risperidone 1 mg. The investigator's hypothesize that the combination of psilocybin and risperidone will be well tolerated, safe, and will block the psychedelic effects of psilocybin in patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. This study is a three-arm, 4-week, double blind, proof-of concept RCT for investigating psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) administered with risperidone in treating TRD. This three-arm \"double dummy\" design allows for an assessment of risperidone's anti-psychedelic effects, while allowing for an assessment of psilocybin's antidepressant effects alone and combined with risperidone, compared to an \"active placebo\" (i.e. placebo plus risperidone 1 mg). Overview of Study Design: A study team member will obtain informed consent from interested participants prior to study activities being initiated. Following this, participants will undergo a screening assessment where they will complete lab tests, and clinical and psychiatric assessments to determine eligibility. Following the screening visit, eligible participants will undergo a washout period where they will be tapered off concomitant medication over a period of 4 to 6 weeks. The length of the tapering period will depend on the type of medication the participant is being tapered off (based on the half-life of the medication) and the participant's preference for the length of the tapering period. Most medications will require a minimum of a 2-week tapering period before the baseline, with the exception of fluoxetine, which will require a minimum of 4-weeks. Additional time may be added at the discretion of the study investigator. During the tapering period, the study psychiatrist will see participants weekly (V1a, V1b, etc.) for at least 4 weeks to monitor for withdrawal and worsening of depressive symptoms and suicidality. Suicidality will be closely monitored using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Participants and their family members/carers will be educated on the signs and symptoms of worsening depression and suicidality and will be given contact details of the study team in case of major decline in mental state. At the Baseline visit (V2), which occurs the day before the dosing session, participants will complete clinical measures, and undergo a preparatory session (up to 4 hours) with the study therapists. These sessions will build a therapeutic alliance, provide psychoeducation about, and set intentions for, the psilocybin session. To reduce participant burden, baseline can be broken up into multiple days, however all assessments must be completed within 7-days of the intervention. Ideally, baseline occurs the day before the intervention is administered. The psilocybin session (Day 0 \\[V3\\]) will last 5 to 6 hours and will be conducted in the existing psychedelic treatment suite developed at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Mood Disorder Service by Dr. Husain (PI). Two trained study therapists will be supporting each participant during the dosing session. Participants will receive psilocybin 25 mg plus risperidone 1 mg, or psilocybin 25 mg plus placebo, or placebo plus risperidone 1 mg. All participants will receive 10 hours of manualized supportive psychotherapy (which includes the 5-6 hour dosing session). After 5 hours of dose administration, participants will be evaluated for safety by the study psychiatrist and discharged home in the company of a caregiver or a family member. After the dosing session, participants will be seen for two 1-hour integration sessions (Day 1 \\[V4\\], Week 1 \\[V5\\]). Thereafter, participants will be followed-up after 2 \\[V6\\], 3 \\[V7\\] and 4 weeks \\[V8\\] post-dosing (see Figure 1). A study psychiatrist will be available throughout the duration of the RCT to respond to any concerns or changes in mental/physical state. Participants will not start other interventions for MDD during the study.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05710237", "keywords": "Treatment-resistant Depression, Psilocybin 25 mg, Risperidone 1 MG, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05710237\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1947, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Depressive Disorders: Efficacy, Safety, and Persistence of Clinical Effects - A Narrative Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy in depressive disorders efficacy safety and persistence of clinical effects a narrative review", "authors": "Kinga Zachar, Maksymilian Sito, Filip Jurkowski, Łukasz Wójcik, Natalia Gawron, Hubert Tomasz Bojanowski, Aleksandra Dobracka, Zuzanna Marczak, Monika Jarowicz, Jędrzej Czmyr", "abstract": "Introduction and purpose: Depressive disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD), remain major causes of disability worldwide. Conventional treatments are limited by delayed onset, incomplete response, relapse, and adverse effects. This review summarizes current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and durability of psilocybin-assisted therapy in depressive disorders. Brief description of the state of knowledge: Evidence from randomized trials, open-label studies, follow-up analyses, and meta-analyses indicates that psilocybin-assisted therapy can produce rapid reductions in depressive symptoms, often within days, in carefully selected patients treated in controlled settings. Short-term benefits have been reported in both MDD and TRD, although findings in TRD are less consistent. In a head-to-head trial, psilocybin was not superior to escitalopram on the primary endpoint, while several secondary outcomes favored psilocybin. Follow-up studies suggest that benefits may persist for weeks to months, but longer-term evidence remains limited and heterogeneous. Under supervision, psilocybin was generally well tolerated, with mostly transient adverse effects, including anxiety, nausea, headache, dizziness, and brief cardiovascular activation. Summary: Psilocybin-assisted therapy appears to be a promising investigational approach for depressive disorders, with rapid onset and possible medium-term benefit in some patients. However, the evidence base remains limited by small samples, heterogeneous designs, restricted comparative data, and delivery in specialized settings. Larger and longer-term studies are needed to clarify comparative efficacy, durability, long-term safety, and feasibility in routine clinical practice.", "journal": "Journal of Education Health and Sport", "publication_date": "2026-05-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.12775/jehs.2026.91.70672", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2026.91.70672", "keywords": "Major depressive disorder, Escitalopram, Narrative review, Persistence (discontinuity), Depression (economics), Adverse effect, Medicine, Psychiatry, Depressive symptoms, Randomized controlled trial, Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Systematic review, MEDLINE, Meta-analysis, Placebo, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychotherapist, Evidence-based medicine, Intensive care medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160694792\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160694792\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130856364\",\"display_name\":\"Kinga Zachar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029490084\",\"display_name\":\"Maksymilian Sito\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130867938\",\"display_name\":\"Filip Jurkowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135762224\",\"display_name\":\"Łukasz Wójcik\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1516-3478\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037631537\",\"display_name\":\"Natalia Gawron\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6052-1946\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133327046\",\"display_name\":\"Hubert Tomasz Bojanowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6899-6914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130834411\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Dobracka\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030096899\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Marczak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9539-9255\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5118987347\",\"display_name\":\"Monika Jarowicz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092030361\",\"display_name\":\"Jędrzej Czmyr\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-5322\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737571363\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Education Health and Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2026.91.70672\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160694792" }, { "id": 3620, "title": "A Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of up to Two Doses of Psilocybin for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder in Adults With Cancer", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 randomized double blind placebo controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of up to two doses of psilocybin for the treatment of major depressive disorder in adults with cancer", "authors": "Sunstone Medical", "abstract": "This is a Phase 2, single-center study to explore the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of up to two 25-mg doses of psilocybin administered at an interval of 9 to 10 weeks in patients with MDD and cancer. This two-part study will administer a fixed dose (25 mg) of psilocybin in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled portion (Dosing Session 1) and subsequently allow rollover into an open-label portion (Dosing Session 2; fixed dose of psilocybin, 25 mg) for patients who do not achieve remission of MDD symptoms after the first dose. In Dosing Session 1, groups of two to four patients will be randomized, as a cohort, to receive either psilocybin 25 mg or niacin 100 mg (active placebo) in a group session, with each patient supported by their dedicated study therapist and monitored by a second therapist via video feed. In Dosing Session 2, all eligible participants (i.e., patients who have not achieved remission defined as MADRS \\< 10 at V7) will receive psilocybin 25 mg in an open-label fashion using the group session model. The study population will include adult men and women who are 18 years of age or older and have diagnoses of both MDD and a malignant neoplasm. MDD is defined as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for a single or recurrent episode of MDD without psychotic features. A diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm is defined as having a diagnostic code from C00 to C97 according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10). Participants will be recruited through referrals from specialized psychiatric and oncology services as well as through patient self-referrals. The majority of participants will have no prior exposure to psilocybin or so-called \"magic mushrooms\"; however, participants with prior recreational experience with psilocybin or \"magic mushrooms\" are eligible.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05947383", "keywords": "Cancer, Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Placebo, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05947383\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3613, "title": "Induction Protocol for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD): A Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "induction protocol for psilocybin assisted therapy in treatment resistant depression trd a pilot study", "authors": "University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to test how well psilocybin-assisted therapy works in treating people with depression. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Does psilocybin with assisted therapy help improve symptoms for people with depression? * How long do the effects of this treatment last? Participants will: * Take part in a couple of screening and preparation visits. * Be given psilocybin in one or two treatment sessions. * Attend a series of follow-up sessions over the following year. * Complete forms and surveys to test how their symptoms have changed and what they thought of their experience. Researchers will also compare whether one treatment or two treatments help improve symptoms more for participants. Major depressive disorder (MDD) ranks fourth in global disease burden and has significant morbidity, mortality, societal and financial costs. However, few adequate and effective treatments exist with 60% of MDD patients not responding sufficiently to an initial oral antidepressant treatment. These patients who experience treatment resistant depression (TRD), defined as an intolerance or lack of response to two antidepressants of different classes, have limited treatment options beyond the antidepressant treatments that often yield insufficient results or relapse. Psilocybin, a novel treatment, has been found to relieve symptoms of TRD, but there are limited studies on specific dosing and long term treatment follow-up. In this study, the investigators will look closer at the effectiveness of one treatment with psilocybin versus two treatments with psilocybin, as well as the long term effectiveness over the first 12 months after treatment.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06303739", "keywords": "Refractory Depression, Treatment Resistant Depression, psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06303739\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3536, "title": "A Phase 2 Randomized Study Examining the Safety, Feasibility, and Effectiveness of Masking Psilocybin Therapy With General Anesthesia in Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 randomized study examining the safety feasibility and effectiveness of masking psilocybin therapy with general anesthesia in major depressive disorder", "authors": "Stanford University", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects millions of Americans and remains difficult to treat. Psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, has shown promise for reducing depression symptoms, but a key challenge in psychedelic research is that participants can usually tell whether they received the active drug - making it hard to conduct fully blinded studies. This study (Studying Psilocybin with Anesthesia Controlled by EEG \\[SPACE\\]) tests a new approach: administering psilocybin while participants are under general anesthesia, so that the noticeable psychological effects of psilocybin are masked. This allows both participants and outcome assessors to remain unaware of whether psilocybin or placebo was given, improving the scientific rigor of the research. Participants with MDD will be randomly assigned to receive either psilocybin or placebo across four dosing sessions conducted under general anesthesia. The study will assess whether this approach is safe and feasible, and will collect early data on whether it may reduce depression symptoms. Participants will receive four dosing sessions spaced one week apart. Each session involves taking an oral capsule containing either psilocybin (10 mg or 25 mg) or placebo, followed by general anesthesia with propofol. All sessions take place at Stanford Hospital under the supervision of a board-certified anesthesiologist. Between and after sessions, participants complete questionnaires about mood, sleep, wellbeing, and anxiety. Participants may also wear a consumer-grade EEG headband at home to track sleep patterns. The total study duration per participant is approximately 7 weeks, across around 25 visits, most of which are conducted remotely. Psilocybin is not FDA-approved and is administered under an FDA Investigational New Drug (IND) authorization for research purposes only.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07479550", "keywords": "Major Depression, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), Propofol, Placebo, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07479550\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 119, "title": "Human brain changes after first psilocybin use.", "normalized_title": "human brain changes after first psilocybin use", "authors": "Lyons T, Spriggs M, Kerkelä L, Rosas FE, Roseman L, Mediano PAM, Timmermann C, Oestreich L, Pagni BA, Zeifman RJ, Hampshire A, Trender W, Douglass HM, Girn M, Godfrey K, Kettner H, Sharif F, Espasiano L, Gazzaley A, Wall MB, Erritzoe D, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Psychedelics have robust effects on acute brain function and long-term behavior but whether they also cause enduring functional and anatomical brain changes is largely unknown. In an exploratory, placebo-controlled, within-subjects, electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study in 28 healthy, entirely psychedelic-naive participants, anatomical and functional brain changes are detected from one-hour to one-month after a single high-dose (25 mg) of psilocybin. Increases in cognitive flexibility, psychological insight, and well-being are seen at one-month. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) done before and one-month after 25 mg psilocybin reveals decreased axial diffusivity bilaterally in prefrontal-subcortical tracts that correlate with decreases in brain network modularity (fMRI) over the same month. Enduring functional brain changes are largely absent, but network modularity change (numerical decrease) negatively correlates with well-being change (significant increase), in line with previous findings in depression. Increased cortical signal entropy (EEG) at 1- and 2-hours post-dosing predicts improved psychological well-being at one-month. Next-day psychological insight mediates the entropy to well-being relationship. All effects are exclusive to 25 mg psilocybin; no effects occur with a 1 mg psilocybin placebo.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-05-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41467-026-71962-3", "pubmed_id": "42086570", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71962-3", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Electroencephalography, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Psilocybin, Psychological Well-Being, Cognitive Flexibility", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42086570\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Wellbeing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3577, "title": "A One-Year Observational Follow-up Study of Participants With Major Depressive Disorder Following a Randomized, Double-Blind Single-Dose of Psilocybin or Niacin-Control", "normalized_title": "a one year observational follow up study of participants with major depressive disorder following a randomized double blind single dose of psilocybin or niacin control", "authors": "Usona Institute", "abstract": "This is a Phase 2 double-blind, long-term observational follow-up study of participants from Study PSIL201. Participants providing informed consent were enrolled into this study and completed web surveys and telephone interviews conducted by one central site at the following time intervals: months 3 and 6 (± 7 days for each assessment) and months 10 and 12 (± 14 days for each assessment).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04353921", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, No intervention will be administered as part of this study., TERMINATED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04353921\",\"overall_status\":\"TERMINATED\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3559, "title": "A Phase 2 Sequential Dose-Finding Study of Preparation for Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for Healthcare Clinicians With Loss of Meaning in Their Work and Symptoms of Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase 2 sequential dose finding study of preparation for group retreat psilocybin therapy for healthcare clinicians with loss of meaning in their work and symptoms of depression", "authors": "University of Washington", "abstract": "In this single-arm Phase 2 study, the researchers are assessing the feasibility of the group retreat format for clinicians and explores different 'doses' of preparation. A sequential dose-escalation design is used. The study will recruit healthcare clinicians (physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants) aged 25-70 years currently in clinical practice with moderate or greater symptoms of depression and loss of meaning during the past 5 years. Each participant will be in a group cohort of 8, and 3 cohorts will be tested at each dose level. The objectives are safety, feasibility, mechanism testing, and outcomes. This is a single-arm study that examines the feasibility of the group retreat format for clinicians and explores different 'doses' of preparation. Population: Healthcare clinicians (physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants) aged 25-70 years currently in clinical practice with moderate or greater symptoms of depression (PHQ-9 ≥10) and loss of meaning during the past 5 years. Study Design: Phase 2, non-randomized, sequential cohort dose-escalation study examining the optimal number of preparation sessions for group retreat psilocybin therapy. Three cohorts will receive different \"doses\" of preparation: Cohort 1 receives 7 total preparation sessions (6 virtual + 1 in-person), Cohort 2 receives 4 total preparation sessions (3 virtual + 1 in-person), and Cohort 3 receives 2 total preparation sessions (1 virtual + 1 in-person). Each cohort includes 3 retreats with 8 participants per retreat. Sample Size: 72 participants total (24 per cohort, distributed across 3 retreats of 8 participants each) Study Duration: 18-24 months from enrollment of first participant to completion of final data analysis. Individual participant involvement spans approximately 8-10 months including 6-month post-retreat follow-up. Primary Objectives: (1) Safety: Assess incidence and severity of challenging experiences and adverse events across preparation dose levels using the Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ), adverse event monitoring, and psychiatric symptom scales (PHQ-9, GAD-7, C-SSRS). (2) Feasibility: Determine completion rates for preparation sessions at each dose level. Secondary Objectives: (1) Mechanism Testing: Examine relationship between preparation dose, group cohesion, and challenging experiences. (2) Clinical Outcomes: Explore effects on depression and burnout for future power calculations. (3) Participant Preference: Assess participant-reported optimal preparation length. Summary: Psilocybin therapy has demonstrated promising efficacy for symptoms of depression related to frontline work during the COVID pandemic for clinicians. The group retreat format offers potential advantages over individual treatment, including enhanced accessibility, reduced cost per participant, and potential therapeutic benefits from group cohesion and shared experience. However, a critical unanswered question concerns the optimal number of preparation sessions. A sequential dose-finding design is appropriate because: (1) the dose-response curve for preparation sessions in group format is unknown; (2) attrition/completion rate is a critical feasibility outcome, particularly for time-constrained healthcare clinicians; (3) the design allows protocol refinement between cohorts based on emerging data; (4) this approach is more scientifically honest about genuine uncertainty regarding optimal preparation dose than premature randomization; and (5) it seeks to establish a minimum effective dose of preparation for practical feasibility and future scalability.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07565909", "keywords": "Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07565909\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3531, "title": "Safety, Tolerability, Outcomes of Psilocybin for Depression (STOP Depression) in Veterans With Spinal Cord Injury", "normalized_title": "safety tolerability outcomes of psilocybin for depression stop depression in veterans with spinal cord injury", "authors": "James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center", "abstract": "The main goal of this study is to determine if psilocybin is safe for use in people with SCI. The study will measure how people with SCI respond to three psilocybin doses: low (5mg), medium (10mg), and high (25mg). The main question the study aims to answer is: does psilocybin increase the number and severity of adverse (bad) events reported by people with SCI? These may include pain, muscle spasms, symptoms of depression, and symptoms of low or high blood pressure. The investigators will also measure how well people with SCI tolerate the psychedelic experience, and compare responses between the low (5mg), medium (10mg), and high (25mg) doses. Participants will: * Agree to be enrolled in the study for up to 13 months. * Agree to complete the seven (7) visits that are included in the psilocybin-assisted therapy. * Agree to complete follow-up study visits, including in-person visits to the James J Peters VA Medical Center, located in the Bronx, New York and remote visits. * Agree to keep a log of how they are feeling and any change in the frequency or severity of adverse events. Background: Depression may be explained partly by decreased signaling of serotonin in the nervous system. Psilocybin, the active component of 'magic mushrooms', is a drug that activates serotonin pathways in the nervous system. Some scientists think psilocybin could help people with major depression, but it is not currently approved as a medicine in the United States. People with spinal cord injuries (SCI) often feel depressed, even more commonly than people without injuries. People with SCI have not been included in psilocybin studies. The goals of this study are first to see if psilocybin can be safely administered, and to determine if psilocybin can help improve symptoms of depression in people with SCI. Study Goals: The investigators will look at how safe psilocybin is for people with SCI, how people with SCI respond to different doses, and whether it helps reduce the severity of depression and other problems, like pain or muscle spasms. The study team will also check to see if psilocybin improves quality of life and wellbeing. The study will track these effects for a year after participants receive psilocybin. Study Plan: Thirty people with chronic SCI with a depressive disorder will be asked to join-15 with paraplegia and 15 with tetraplegia. They will be split into three groups to try different psilocybin doses: low (5mg), medium (10mg), and high (25mg). The study will take a stepwise approach to safety, but participants will not know the dose of psilocybin they receive. There will be at least 16 study visits, including medical and mental health check-ups, psilocybin assisted therapy, primary study endpoint and follow-up visits. What Will Be Measured: The study focus is to see if psilocybin is safe and tolerable in people with SCI. The study will track side effects, how people feel, and any changes in mood, pain, medication use, or body reactions. Doctors will check for problems like chest pain, high blood pressure, and changes in suicidal thoughts. The study team will also measure satisfaction with the therapy, experiences during the psilocybin sessions, and changes in depression. Why It Matters: Some people wrongly believe depression is just a normal part of living with SCI, so their depression may not be adequately treated. Also, people with SCI often can't join trials of new treatments because they have other health problems. Psilocybin could help treat depression and may improve many body functions affected by SCI if it is shown to be safe and effective.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07251491", "keywords": "Spinal Cord Injury, Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Veteran, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), Magic Mushrooms, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07251491\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Veterans,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3516, "title": "Group Psilocybin-assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "group psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder", "authors": "University of California, Los Angeles", "abstract": "This study will seek to determine the (1) acceptability and (2) feasibility of psilocybin as an adjunct to cognitive-behavioral therapy, delivered as a group treatment (G-PACBT) for major depressive disorder and (3) explore the clinical effects of G-PACBT on depressive symptoms and psychosocial functioning.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-05-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07566104", "keywords": "Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Psilocybin (drug), Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07566104\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1948, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin Treatment on Cognitive Effort Avoidance in Major Depressive Disorder and Co-Occurring Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin treatment on cognitive effort avoidance in major depressive disorder and co occurring alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Ceyda Sayalı, Eli Weisman, Frederick Barrett", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-05-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21428/8e6ba8ef.31e358f9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21428/8e6ba8ef.31e358f9", "keywords": "Major depressive disorder, Alcohol use disorder, Cognition, Psychiatry, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Anxiety disorder, Affect (linguistics), Anxiety, Alcohol, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Cognitive bias, Panic disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160707086\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160707086\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079100962\",\"display_name\":\"Ceyda Sayalı\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3420-5499\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135737038\",\"display_name\":\"Eli Weisman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135782868\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick Barrett\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.21428/8e6ba8ef.31e358f9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160707086" }, { "id": 3600, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Bipolar II Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for treatment resistant depression in bipolar ii disorder a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Lakshmi N Yatham", "abstract": "This study is a 12-week (in addition to up to 30 days of screening) randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. The primary objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of single-dose psilocybin (25 mg)-assisted therapy in comparison to active placebo (1 mg micro-dose) psilocybin-assisted therapy in patients with bipolar II depression who have not responded to adequate trials with at least two first or second-line treatments for bipolar II depression (i.e. quetiapine, lithium, lamotrigine, sertraline, or venlafaxine as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy, or bupropion adjunctive therapy). The active placebo is a substance that looks identical to the study medication but contains less therapeutic ingredients, and thus is less capable of producing the transformative and meaningful aspects of psychedelic experience compared to the 25 mg dose. Participants will have a total of 11 study visits over a period of up to 16 weeks, which includes 5 therapy sessions from trained study therapists. Bipolar disorders (BD) are lifelong conditions characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and (hypo)mania. Statistics Canada data indicate over a million Canadians are affected by this illness. Bipolar II disorder is characterised by recurrent episodes of hypomania and depression and individuals with BD-II are symptomatic about 50% of the time despite treatment. The majority of this time is spent being depressed thus there is an urgent need to develop new treatments that are safe and effective. Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in mushrooms, has been noted to result in an increase in psychological well-being in healthy volunteers as well as have antidepressant effects when administered in conjunction with psychological support. Two recent open-label pilot trials of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (PAT) in treatment-resistant depression, including BD-II participants, demonstrated high response rates and excellent tolerability, thereby providing strong justification for the current study.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06943573", "keywords": "Bipolar II Depression, psilocybin (25 mg), psilocybin 1mg micro-dose, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06943573\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Wellbeing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3537, "title": "Computationally, Electrophysiologically, and Qualitatively Characterizing Serotonergic Psychedelics; Transdiagnostic Therapeutic and Pro-Psychotic Effects", "normalized_title": "computationally electrophysiologically and qualitatively characterizing serotonergic psychedelics transdiagnostic therapeutic and pro psychotic effects", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "This is an observational study which does NOT directly administer a psychedelic substance but rather recruits participants who are already participating in another clinical trial in which they may receive a serotonergic psychedelic. The goal of this observational study is to learn how the brain's information processing changes during and following administration of serotonergic psychedelics (psilocybin, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine/DMT, Lystergic Acid Diethylamide/LSD, etc.) for people with and without mental illness receiving serotonergic psychedelics through any clinical trial at Yale University. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Do serotonergic psychedelics cause the brain to rely on new information more than previously learned information while under the influence? What about 1 day, 5-14 days, and 4-6 weeks after use? 2. Do serotonergic psychedelics cause long-lasting side-effects in how people perceive (see, hear, feel, etc.) the world and how easily people change their beliefs? 3. How does the brain's electrical activity change after using serotonergic psychedelics? How does the balance between excitation and inhibition change while under their effect? 4. Can changes in how the brain uses information predict who will benefit from a psychedelic and who will have side effects from psychedelics? Researchers will compare with people given placebos to see what changes in brain processing are unique to serotonergic psychedelics. Participants will have the opportunity to do some combination of the following: 1. Online computer assessments consisting of games and questionnaires that probe how participants think. 2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) or electroencephalography (EEG) with eyes closed and with repeated clicks, images, or sensations delivered. 3. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. 4. Semi-structured qualitative interviews about their experience after taking a serotonergic psychedelic recorded via Zoom. Mounting evidence suggests that serotonergic psychedelics (SPs; eg. psilocybin, LSD) reduce symptoms across many mental illnesses with rapid, sustained effects from single interventions. They also cause persisting, positive effects in the general population and those without mental illness. This improved wellness comes at the cost of acute psychosis-like effects, that sometimes persist in weakened forms or, rarely, as prolonged episodes of psychosis. Understanding the mechanism underlying these dual effects may help maximize therapeutic effect and minimize unwanted outcomes. The reason SPs cause therapeutic change and also cause psychotic-like effects regardless of whether one has a mental illness may be because they alter the basic machinery that the brain uses to process all information. SPs seem to shift processing-in both how we perceive (seeing, hearing, etc.) and learn-to rely more on new, incoming information over previously learned information. Essentially, SPs shift the brain into an extreme learning mode that allows it to modify harmful thought patterns associated with many mental illnesses, but that may also be similar to the brain states of early psychosis. Participants in this study will opt-in to complete various measures to be completed before, during, and after being administered a serotonergic psychedelic through a clinical trial at Yale University. How participant's brains process information will be assessed by: 1. Playing 3-4 computer games that measure how people see, hear, and learn. These will be completed 1-30 days before receiving the serotonergic psychedelic, the day they receive the serotonergic psychedelic (once psychologically acceptable and permitted by relevant trial researchers), the day after, 5-14 days after, and 4-6 weeks after. 2. MEG or EEG to measure the brain activity responsible for representing new vs. old information-and structural MRI to determine where the activity is coming from. The MEG/EEG will be done the day before, day of, and day after administration of the serotonergic psychedelic. The MRI can be done before, after, or during the trial. They behaviors that accompany these changes will be assessed by: 1. Validated, online questionnaires at the same time points as the computer games. 2. Semi-structured interviews about what participants' day-to-day experiences are like and how they have changed after taking a serotonergic psychedelic. These may be done 2-5 days after using a psychedelic, or at the same time that clinical trial staff do their interviews. Participants participating in a trial with single-arm placebo-controlled study design that includes a placebo arm may only complete these measures around a placebo administration. Those in a trial with a crossover design may complete these measures twice (except for day 1-30 and 4-6 week time points). Those opting to complete open-label administrations after study completion may complete relevant time points. The primary objectives are to: 1. Investigate how serotonergic psychedelics change brain reliance on new vs. old information in perception and belief-updating while under the influence. 2. Investigate how serotonergic psychedelic change brain reliance on new vs. old information in perception and belief updating at short and long-term follow-up. 3. Investigate whether serotonergic psychedelics cause side effects in people's perception, attention, and belief updating that are both healthy and psychosis-like. 4. Investigate how serotonergic psychedelics acutely alter excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance in the brain. 5. Investigate whether there are any persisting changes in resting state EEG power or E/I balance. The secondary objectives are to: 1. Investigate whether changes in brain information processing can explain therapeutic effects of serotonergic psychedelics. 2. Investigate whether changes in brain information processing can predict who will respond positively to serotonergic psychedelics. 3. Investigate whether changes in brain information processing can explain psychotic-like side effects of serotonergic psychedelics. 4. Investigate whether changes in brain information processing can predict who will have stronger psychotic-like side effects from serotonergic psychedelics. 5. Investigate whether acute or persisting changes in E/I balance predict therapeutic or psychotic effects of serotonergic psychedelics.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06624137", "keywords": "OCD, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), Healthy Volunteer, Migraine, PTSD, PTSD - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Addiction, Tobacco Use Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Opioid Use Disorder, Serotonergic Psychedelic, Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06624137\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Aging,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Healthy Volunteers,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1957, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin on Attentional Set-Shifting Following Chronic Unpredictable Stress in Rats (Abstract ID: 231339)", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin on attentional set shifting following chronic unpredictable stress in rats abstract id 231339", "authors": "Joseph Hennessey, John Mantsch, John McCorvy", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpet.2026.104291", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpet.2026.104291", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Anesthesia, Stress (linguistics), Psychological stress, Pharmacology, Psychology, Chronic stress, Depression (economics), Serotonin, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Phosphodiesterase function and regulation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160842269\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160842269\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135874208\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Hennessey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135881127\",\"display_name\":\"John Mantsch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135900776\",\"display_name\":\"John McCorvy\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S102125482\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpet.2026.104291\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160842269" }, { "id": 1955, "title": "1080 Psilocybin Elicits Non-Linear Night to Night Changes in Sleep Spectral Power", "normalized_title": "1080 psilocybin elicits non linear night to night changes in sleep spectral power", "authors": "Matthew Reid, Eli Weisman, Luis Luna Martinez, William Coon, Frederick Barrett", "abstract": "Abstract Introduction Despite evidence of an acute effect of psilocybin on sleep physiology, its enduring effects beyond the period of acute administration and active metabolism remain unexplored. Within a clinical trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder comorbid with major depressive disorder, we monitored sleep for ten continuous nights (3 pre-dose | 7 post-dose) in participants (N=22) undergoing an open-label psilocybin-dosing session. Methods We obtained two frontal bipolar-derivations (AF7-FPZ & AF8-FPZ) of sleep-EEG to quantify whole-night power spectral density (PSD). Artifactual epochs (30s) were rejected automatically using our validated convolutional neural network (CNN) based sleep-state classifier (‘ezscore-f’) before deriving whole-night PSD (10·log10 μV²/Hz) in canonical bands (SWA: 0.5-2Hz, Delta2: 2-4Hz, Theta: 4-8Hz, Alpha:8-13Hz, Sigma:13-15Hz, beta:18-30Hz) from 30s-windowed multitaper spectral analyses using six orthogonal tapers. Night-to-night (N−2 to N+7) changes in PSD displayed evidence of curvilinear trajectories and were modeled through mixed-effects growth-curve models, using 3rd-degree polynomial spline terms with participant-specific random intercepts. Results Across all models, between-participant variance of random intercepts was small (mean ICC=0.66), indicating consistent baseline spectral levels. SWAPSD, ThetaPSD, and AlphaPSD showed no evidence of systematic change, with all spline terms non-significant (all p>0.15), suggesting stable dynamics across nights. In contrast, Delta2PSD showed low-order curvature, with two natural spline (ns) components reaching significance (ns1: p=0.009; ns2: p=0.042), consistent with an increase in nights following dosing followed by stabilization. SigmaPSD demonstrated a similar pattern, with a significant second-order spline component (p=0.017) and a third-order spline component approaching significance (p=0.067). BetaPSD likewise exhibited a small but detectable nonlinear fluctuation, with a significant second-order spline term (ns2: p=0.024). First-derivative estimates from fitted trajectories suggested that Delta2PSD approached its peak at night-five, and subsequently trended toward baseline, whereas SigmaPSD and BetaPSD approached local maxima on night-three, yet values remained above baseline thereafter. Conclusion While SWA, Theta, & Alpha remained stable across nights, night-to-night variability in delta2, sigma, and beta bands were observed characterized by subtle early increases that did not persist across the full observation window. Support (if any) Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research, Sleep Research Society (Small Research Award), Tim Ferriss, Matt Mullenweg, Blake Mycoskie, Craig Nerenberg, and the Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation.", "journal": "SLEEP", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1093/sleep/zsag091.1079", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsag091.1079", "keywords": "Multitaper, Spline (mechanical), Spectral density, Psilocybin, Spline interpolation, Medicine, Generalized anxiety disorder, Mathematics, Analysis of variance, Psychology, Spectral analysis, Anxiety, Audiology, Electroencephalography, Slow-wave sleep, Vigilance (psychology), Smoothing spline, Sleep disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Sleep and Wakefulness Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160609961\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160609961\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135650069\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Reid\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135646108\",\"display_name\":\"Eli Weisman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135659235\",\"display_name\":\"Luis Luna Martinez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135683263\",\"display_name\":\"William Coon\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135696888\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick Barrett\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S42921845\",\"source_display_name\":\"SLEEP\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsag091.1079\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160609961" }, { "id": 1950, "title": "0408 Insomnia Severity Differences by Psilocybin, LSD, and DMT Use Status Among Young Adult Daily Cannabis Consumers in the Herbal Heart Study", "normalized_title": "0408 insomnia severity differences by psilocybin lsd and dmt use status among young adult daily cannabis consumers in the herbal heart study", "authors": "Denise Vidot, Bria-Necole Diggs, Amrit Baral, Michelle Thompson, Girardin Jean-Louis", "abstract": "Abstract Introduction Psychedelic use and interest in its therapeutic potential are rapidly increasing; yet its relationship with insomnia remains poorly understood. This study aims to estimate differences in insomnia severity by type of psychedelic consumed among a cohort of 18-to-35-year olds. Methods Data are from the Herbal Heart Study - Sleep Ancillary (N=100) cannabis consumers. Psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) was self-reported. Insomnia and sleep problems were assessed via the Insomnia Severity Index: no clinical insomnia ( < 7), subthreshold clinical insomnia (8-10), moderate-severity clinical insomnia (15-21), and severe clinical insomnia (> 22). Measures were self-reported via REDCap. Chi-square tests, Fisher’s Exact tests, and independent t-tests were conducted where appropriate. Results Among daily cannabis consumers, 55.6% reported lifetime history of psychedelics, of which 42.9% reported past-year consumption. Psilocybin was the most prevalent (50.0%), followed by LSD (29.3%) and DMT (3.5%). Overall, 33.3% met criteria for subthreshold insomnia; 3.2% for moderate severity clinical insomnia; and 1.6% for severe clinical insomnia. There were differential associations between insomnia and psychedelic types (p< 0.05). LSD: 17.7% had moderate-to-severe-clinical-insomnia vs. 0.0% of non-LSD, p=0.006); DMT: 50.0% had moderate-to-severe-clinical-insomnia vs. 3.6% of non-DMT (p= 0.004); Psilocybin: 10.3% had moderate-to-severe-clinical-insomnia vs. 0.0% of non-psilocybin (p=0.07). Sleep problems interfered with daily functioning more frequently among LSD consumers (16.6%) than non-LSD consumers (2.8%, p=0.01). There were no differences consuming cannabis for sleep (p=0.70), or demographics [age: 26.9y (SD: 4.56) vs. 27.2y (SD: 5.56), p= 0.81, sex: 60.0% vs 60.7% female, p=0.95; or ethnicity: 68.6% vs. 57.1% Hispanic/Latino, p=0.26] by psychedelic use. Conclusion LSD and DMT were associated with clinical insomnia; and LSD consumers reported greater sleep problem interference in daily functioning. Longitudinal studies are warranted to evaluate causal effects and long-term sleep outcomes. Given the high burden of insomnia in this population, understanding psychedelic-specific associations with insomnia is essential for clinical and harm-reduction guidelines. Support (if any) R01HL153467 (Vidot); T37MD008647 (Diggs); T32 DA007292 (Baral).", "journal": "SLEEP", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1093/sleep/zsag091.0408", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsag091.0408", "keywords": "Insomnia, Cannabis, Medicine, Young adult, Psychiatry, Cohort, Demographics, Hypnotic, Sleep (system call), Cohort study, Depression (economics), Sleep disorder, Sleep onset, Internal medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160621769\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160621769\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135653954\",\"display_name\":\"Denise Vidot\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135662279\",\"display_name\":\"Bria-Necole Diggs\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048796411\",\"display_name\":\"Amrit Baral\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0961-9665\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126514606\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Thompson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060789638\",\"display_name\":\"Girardin Jean-Louis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6777-2724\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S42921845\",\"source_display_name\":\"SLEEP\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsag091.0408\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160621769" }, { "id": 1949, "title": "Role of Psychological support in sustaining Antidepressants effects in Psilocybin - Assisted Clinical", "normalized_title": "role of psychological support in sustaining antidepressants effects in psilocybin assisted clinical", "authors": "Gyandev Gupta, Ravina Yadav", "abstract": "Depression is one of the most common mental health challenges people face today. It goes beyond just feeling sad - it shapes the way a person thinks, behaves, and experiences the world around them. The persistent low mood, the fading interest in things that once brought joy, the fog that makes even simple decisions feel overwhelming - all of it quietly chips away at a person's quality of life. For decades, antidepressants have been the go-to solution. But the reality is, they don't work for everyone. Some people wait weeks before noticing any change. Others deal with side effects that feel like trading one problem for another. It's a gap that researchers and clinicians have long been trying to close. That's where psilocybin enters the conversation. Found naturally in certain mushrooms, this compound has been drawing serious scientific attention - not as a curiosity, but as a genuine candidate for treating depression. What makes it particularly intriguing is how it works: it targets serotonin receptors in the brain, helping to lift mood, improve how we process emotions, and even encourage the brain's own ability to adapt and rewire itself. Animal studies have painted an encouraging picture. Mice, rats, zebrafish, and even fruit flies have all shown measurable reductions in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors following psilocybin. And it's not just the lab - clinical trials using a synthetic version called COMP360 have shown real promise in people with treatment-resistant depression, with some patients reporting meaningful improvement within days that lasted for weeks. One thing these studies make clear, though, is that the medicine alone isn't the whole story. The psychological support surrounding the experience - before, during, and after - appears to be just as important as the compound itself. It's this combination of pharmacology and human care that sets psilocybin-assisted therapy apart, offering something closer to a wholeperson approach to healing. Researchers are now focused on making this treatment safer, more consistent, and ultimately more accessible to those who need it most", "journal": "JOURNAL OF ADVANCE AND FUTURE RESEARCH", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.56975/jaafr.v4i5.509087", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.56975/jaafr.v4i5.509087", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Social support, MEDLINE, Psychological distress, Psychological intervention, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160185913\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7160185913\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102589440\",\"display_name\":\"Gyandev Gupta\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5135117225\",\"display_name\":\"Ravina Yadav\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5407040580\",\"source_display_name\":\"JOURNAL OF ADVANCE AND FUTURE RESEARCH\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.56975/jaafr.v4i5.509087\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7160185913" }, { "id": 147, "title": "Predictors of therapeutic response to psychedelic-assisted therapy: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "predictors of therapeutic response to psychedelic assisted therapy a systematic review", "authors": "Viljoen G, Walter H, Bendau A, Koslowski M, Betzler F", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) has demonstrated substantial efficacy across a range of mental disorders. However, heterogeneity between patients confers differential responsiveness. This systematic review aims to explore factors which may predict therapeutic responses to PAT. A systematic search was performed from inception through to March 2024 and studies that assessed predictors of response related to the use of classic psychedelics for mental disorders were included. A total of 54 studies investigating potential predictors of treatment response to psychedelic-assisted therapy were included in the review. These studies encompassed adult populations diagnosed with substance-use disorders, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and existential distress related to life-threatening illness as well as naturalistic samples reporting psychopathological symptoms without a formally confirmed diagnosis. The most frequently reported predictor of therapeutic response was the intensity of the acute psychedelic experience, particularly mystical-type experiences (MTEs), though this was not consistent across all disorders or time points. Factors related to set, setting and dose were frequently associated with the likelihood and intensity of MTEs. The acute psychedelic experience, especially MTEs, was the most frequently reported predictor of therapeutic response. Future trials should explore a broader range of predictors, include longer-term follow-up and improve methodological consistency to strengthen the evidence base for reliable predictors of therapeutic response.", "journal": "Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251389581", "pubmed_id": "41388888", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41388888/", "keywords": "addictive disorders, depression, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychiatric disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:34", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41388888\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Mystical Experience,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 130, "title": "Trip killers: Addressing a critical knowledge gap in psychedelic research.", "normalized_title": "trip killers addressing a critical knowledge gap in psychedelic research", "authors": "O'Mahony B, Harrington C, Harkin A, Lally N", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs are increasingly under investigation as potential therapeutic agents for mental health conditions and are being increasingly used recreationally. Psychedelic use may result in an episode of intense psychological distress, commonly referred to as a \"bad trip.\" Bad trips represent a potentially volatile, erratic, and dangerous situation, which may, in extreme cases, require presentation to accident and emergency departments and psychiatric hospital admission. Managing such cases requires careful consideration, with priority given to non-pharmacological strategies. When these measures prove insufficient, an alternative approach may be necessary, one that can effectively attenuate or terminate the psychedelic state and restore psychological stability. Despite clinical relevance, there is no systematic evaluation of pharmacological interventions to terminate such experiences. This review identifies and critically appraises candidate medications with potential utility as abortive agents, including serotonin antagonists, drugs for psychosis, and select drugs for anxiety and depression. We review these agents, their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, safety profiles, and applicability in acute care settings. Binding strength at the molecular level, potency to functionally block receptor-mediated effects, and lack of side effects are key considerations. We conclude by proposing a provisional framework for the pharmacologic management of adverse psychedelic experiences and highlight key priorities for future research.", "journal": "Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02698811261431056", "pubmed_id": "41869862", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41869862/", "keywords": "5-HT2A, LSD, antipsychotics, bad trips, psilocybin, psychedelic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:34", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41869862\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 114, "title": "Microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder: study protocol for a phase II double-blind placebo-controlled randomised partial crossover trial - CORRIGENDUM", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder study protocol for a phase ii double blind placebo controlled randomised partial crossover trial corrigendum", "authors": "Zeina Beidas, Anya Ragnhildstveit, Adam Blackman, Thomas Anderson, Emily Fewster, Omer A. Syed, Valentyne Sobolenko, Ismail Kaan Kanca, Tatiana Son, Norman Farb, Rotem Petranker", "abstract": "", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2026-04-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2026.12000", "pubmed_id": "42125778", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12000", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Protocol (science), Crossover study, Pharmacology, Phase (matter), Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Phases of clinical research, Protocol design, Depressive symptoms, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161014612\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161014612\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W7129015437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114541934\",\"display_name\":\"Zeina Beidas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006257142\",\"display_name\":\"Anya Ragnhildstveit\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-3428\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008844555\",\"display_name\":\"Adam Blackman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0467-040X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126613746\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Anderson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075459000\",\"display_name\":\"Emily Fewster\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062369777\",\"display_name\":\"Omer A. Syed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-5223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120500161\",\"display_name\":\"Valentyne Sobolenko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9574-4648\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120355300\",\"display_name\":\"Ismail Kaan Kanca\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070812247\",\"display_name\":\"Tatiana Son\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0351-8596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126008050\",\"display_name\":\"Norman Farb\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012017884\",\"display_name\":\"Rotem Petranker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6354-0109\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12000\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7161014612" }, { "id": 3509, "title": "Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) in Palliative Care: a Randomised, Double-blind, Active-placebo Controlled Phase II Study (LPC-Study)", "normalized_title": "lysergic acid diethylamide lsd in palliative care a randomised double blind active placebo controlled phase ii study lpc study", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "Background: Terminally ill patients often experience significant psychosocial distress having depressed mood, death anxiety, pain, and an overall poor quality of life. Recent evidence from pilot studies suggests that serotonergic hallucinogens including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin produce significant and sustained reductions of depressive symptoms and anxiety, along with increases in quality of life, and life meaning in patients suffering from life-threatening diseases. Additionally, serotonergic hallucinogens may produce antinociceptive effects. Objective and Design: The study aims to evaluate effects of LSD on psychosocial distress in 60 patients suffering from an advanced or end-stage fatal disease with a life expectancy ≥12wks and ≤2yrs in an active placebo-controlled double-blind parallel study. Patients will be allocated in a 2:1 ratio to one of the two intervention arms receiving either two moderate to high doses of LSD (100 µg and 100 µg or 100 µg and 200 µg) as intervention and two low doses of LSD (25 µg and 25 µg) as active-placebo control.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05883540", "keywords": "Palliative Care, Pain, Anxiety, Depression, Demoralization, Psychological Distress, Quality of Life, Caregiver Burden, Fear of Death, Existential Distress, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Tartrate, LSD, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05883540\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3474, "title": "A Double-blind, Randomized Trial Examining the Preliminary Efficacy of Psilocybin Therapy for People With Chronic Low Back Pain", "normalized_title": "a double blind randomized trial examining the preliminary efficacy of psilocybin therapy for people with chronic low back pain", "authors": "Joshua Woolley, MD, PhD", "abstract": "This study evaluates whether psilocybin therapy helps patients cope with chronic low back pain more effectively. Patients may be recruited at Stanford and University of California San Francisco (UCSF), study procedures will occur at UCSF. Each participant will receive a dose of psilocybin with possibly one or more other drugs. Participants will undergo two preparation sessions, a dosing session, three integration sessions to discuss their psilocybin experience, and several follow up sessions. Chronic pain is associated with higher levels of pain-related distress, depression, emotional dysfunction, helplessness, hopelessness, and suicidality. Psilocybin is a psychoactive drug that may be well-suited to easing the psychological and emotional symptoms of distress associated with chronic pain. Previous studies testing psilocybin therapy have shown improvements on multiple behavioral and psychiatric outcomes, but it is unknown whether psilocybin therapy similarly enables patients to cope with chronic pain more effectively. The investigators will determine whether psilocybin therapy improves patients' ability to cope with chronic low back pain. If psilocybin therapy is an effective treatment in this population, its use could be incorporated into interventions for chronic low back pain and other psychological conditions.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05351541", "keywords": "Chronic Low-back Pain, Psilocybin therapy with Zolpidem and Modafinil, 4-phosphoryloxy- N,N-dimethyltryptamine, Psilocybin therapy with Zolpidem, Psilocybin therapy with Modafinil, Psilocybin therapy with Placebo, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05351541\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 152, "title": "The Harmonious Dance: A Narrative Review on Psychedelics and Music in Therapeutic Settings.", "normalized_title": "the harmonious dance a narrative review on psychedelics and music in therapeutic settings", "authors": "Wang H, Li X, Yu F, Wang X", "abstract": "The integration of psychedelics and music in therapeutic settings is gaining recognition for its potential to enhance mental health outcomes. This review synthesizes current evidence on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this synergy, focusing on receptor-level pathways (e.g., 5-HT2A receptor agonism, BDNF-TrkB signaling) and neural circuit dynamics (e.g., default mode network desynchronization, thalamo-cortical connectivity) that mediate psychedelic action and mu-sic-induced emotional processing. By examining how music, acting as a \"hidden therapist,\" ampli-fies the emotional and cognitive effects of psychedelics, we elucidate the mechanistic interplay that fosters deep psychological insights and emotional healing. Several key areas have been addressed, such as the exploration of dynamic brain activity in realistic music environments, the micro-neural mechanisms underlying basic musical elements, and the development of quantitative techniques for music therapy aimed at improving sleep quality and alleviating symptoms of anxiety and depression. Psychedelics increase neural plasticity and downregulate the default mode network, allowing music to guide emotional processing and facilitate profound therapeutic breakthroughs. The synergy be-tween music and psychedelics shows promise in treating conditions such as depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and addiction. The scientific contributions of this review include providing an integrated mechanistic framework for understanding psychedelic-music interactions and identifying key neurobiological targets for future therapeutic optimization. Future research should focus on optimizing therapeutic protocols and understanding the neurobiological mecha-nisms underlying this powerful combination to ensure its safe and effective integration into main-stream mental health care.", "journal": "Current neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-04-27", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.2174/011570159x442471260422110855", "pubmed_id": "42083530", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42083530/", "keywords": "Psychedelics, default mode network, mental health, music therapy, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:34", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"42083530\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1961, "title": "483. Acute Functional Brain Changes Associated With Psilocybin in Depression and Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Coordinate-Based Meta-Analysis", "normalized_title": "483 acute functional brain changes associated with psilocybin in depression and healthy adults a systematic review and coordinate based meta analysis", "authors": "Joshua Poulin, Nic Viulet, Ashley Liu, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Sean M. Nestor", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-04-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.03.717", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.03.717", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, MEDLINE, Neuroscience, Serotonin, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155645923\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155645923\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134604123\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Poulin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134610850\",\"display_name\":\"Nic Viulet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134566053\",\"display_name\":\"Ashley Liu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024494721\",\"display_name\":\"Bradley J. MacIntosh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-2355\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134575831\",\"display_name\":\"Sean M. Nestor\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.03.717\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155645923" }, { "id": 3596, "title": "A Randomized, Double-Blind Study of Single-Dose Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)", "normalized_title": "a randomized double blind study of single dose psilocybin for major depressive disorder mdd", "authors": "Usona Institute", "abstract": "One hundred participants, ages 21 to 65, who meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) will be stratified by study site and randomized with a 1-to-1 allocation under double-blind conditions to receive a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin or a single 100 mg oral dose of niacin. Niacin will serve as an active placebo. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential efficacy of a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin for MDD compared to the active placebo in otherwise medically-healthy participants, assessed as the difference between groups in changes in depressive symptoms from Baseline to Day 43 post-dose. Major depressive disorder (MDD) has become a health crisis of epidemic proportions in the modern world. One in six individuals in the United States will experience an episode of major depression in his or her lifetime, and it is estimated that major depression will rank second after cardiac disease as a cause of international medical morbidity by the year 2020. Depression is associated with greater disability than are most other chronic illnesses and is a risk factor for mortality. Additionally, depression predicts the later development of a number of medical conditions, including cardiac and cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, dementia, and cancer. Unfortunately, most patients with depression do not experience a complete resolution of symptoms with antidepressant treatment. Partial-but incomplete-response to antidepressants is associated with an increased risk of full symptomatic relapse (even when on therapy) and a worse long-term disease course. Combined with the high prevalence and significant disability associated with MDD, the fact that currently available treatments are not fully adequate highlights the tremendous need to identify novel treatment strategies. Data suggest that psilocybin may have behavioral effects relevant to the treatment of depression and recent studies also suggest that psilocybin may possess antidepressant properties. To further assess the effects of psilocybin on MDD signs and symptoms, this trial will enroll 100 participants, ages 21 to 65, who meet criteria for MDD. Participants will be stratified by study site and randomized with a 1-to-1 allocation under double-blind conditions to receive a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin or a single 100 mg oral dose of niacin. Niacin will serve as an active placebo. To enhance participant safety, a Set and Setting (SaS) protocol will be utilized similar to the protocol that has been used in all modern studies of psilocybin. The SaS protocol for this study includes: 1) a period of preparation with session Facilitators prior to dosing; 2) administration of study medications in an aesthetically pleasing room under the supervision of two Facilitators who are present throughout the session; and 3) three post-dose integration sessions during which participants are encouraged to discuss their intervention experience with the Facilitators. The SaS protocol will be identical for those randomized to psilocybin or active placebo. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the potential efficacy of a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin for MDD compared to the active placebo (niacin), assessed as the difference between groups in changes in depressive symptoms from Baseline to Day 43 post-dose.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03866174", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Major, Psilocybin, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, Indocybin, Niacin, Vitamin B3, Set and Setting (SaS) Protocol, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03866174\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3567, "title": "Toward Patient-Tailored Care for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Pilot Patient-Preference Clinical Trial of Music and Mindfulness in Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "toward patient tailored care for treatment resistant depression a pilot patient preference clinical trial of music and mindfulness in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Kyle Greenway", "abstract": "The goal of this pilot clinical trial is to learn whether it is feasible to individually tailor psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) for people with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) based on their personal preferences. The study also aims to explore whether two different psychotherapy styles, music-centered and mindfulness-centered, influence how people respond to psilocybin treatment. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is it feasible to conduct a patient-preference randomized trial of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy? * Does receiving a preferred psychotherapy style improve treatment experiences or outcomes? * How do music-centered and mindfulness-centered PAP approaches compare in their effects on improving mood and well-being? Researchers will compare music-centered PAP to mindfulness-centered PAP to see if aligning psychotherapy with individual preferences is a practical and potentially beneficial approach for improving treatment efficacy and tolerability. Participants will: * Be adults with treatment-resistant depression * Receive two 25 mg psilocybin (PEX010, Filament Health) sessions, spaced four weeks apart * Experience one session with music-centered psychotherapy and one with mindfulness-centered psychotherapy * Before treatment, rate their preference for the two psychotherapy approaches * Be randomly assigned to receive their preferred or non-preferred approach first, followed by the other * Complete preparation and integration sessions before and after each psilocybin session This feasibility trial will also collect information on participants' cultural and personal factors influencing psychotherapy preferences using a modified Cultural Formulation Interview, and explore physiological measures of therapeutic alliance, an important factor in psychotherapy outcomes. Depression is one of the top causes of disability worldwide. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is an emerging treatment for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) that pairs one or two doses of psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, with a brief course of psychotherapy. While multiple studies of PAP have found safe, rapid, and lasting antidepressant effects, much remains unknown about how to optimize this promising intervention's psychotherapy component. This pilot study aims to explore a novel strategy for improving the efficacy and tolerability of PAP: individually-tailoring its psychotherapy based on patient preferences for two important nonpharmacological treatment elements: music and mindfulness. These core treatment components were selected based on their ubiquitousness in psilocybin studies and their potential for significant patient preference effects. The investigators will conduct a patient-preference randomized clinical trial where 16 patients with TRD will receive two doses of psilocybin (PEX010, Filament Health, 25mg). For each patient, one psilocybin dose will be administered with music-centered psychological support and the other with mindfulness-centered psychological support. In the first 4-week phase, patients will be asked to rate their preferences for these different psychotherapeutic approaches. Patients will then be 50:50 randomized to first receive either their preferred or their non-preferred treatment approach. In a second 4-week crossover phase, patients will receive the other treatment approach. All patients will thus undergo both music-centered and mindfulness-centered PAP interventions, but in an order dictated by their preferences and randomization. Each treatment phase entails pre-treatment and post-treatment psychotherapy following standard protocols. Similar patient-preference clinical trial designs have shown that preferences can significantly influence the efficacy and tolerability of existing psychiatric treatments. The primary aim of this pilot trial is to examine this design's feasibility for exploring such preference effects in PAP, which the investigators hypothesize will be substantial. As secondary aims, the trial will generate preliminary estimates about the magnitude of preference effects, compare the music- and mindfulness-centered approaches, and yield qualitative data about the diverse sociocultural factors that influence patient preferences, including with a modified Cultural Formulation Interview administered at baseline. An additional exploratory aim is to examine novel physiological measures of therapeutic alliance, a crucial factor in psychiatric care. Depression affects millions of Canadians and new treatments are sorely needed. This line of research seeks to produce systematic approaches to tailoring the psychotherapy of PAP for TRD. Its ultimate goal is to improve this promising intervention's efficacy, safety, and applicability to diverse populations.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07373535", "keywords": "Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin 25mg, PEX010(25), Music-centered psilocybin-assisted therapy, Mindfulness-centered psilocybin-assisted therapy, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07373535\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1968, "title": "Psilocybin as an alternative to conventional treatments: A systematic review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as an alternative to conventional treatments a systematic review", "authors": "Deivid Antonio Cahuasqui-Mendoza", "abstract": "Introduction. Limitations of conventional treatments for depression and anxiety, particularly in treatment-resistant cases, have driven interest in alternative therapeutic approaches. Psilocybin, a serotonergic agonist with demonstrated effects on neuroplasticity and large-scale brain networks, has emerged as a promising therapeutic option. Materials and methods: A systematic review of controlled clinical trials published between 2020 and 2025 was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Eligible studies included adults aged 18-65 years with DSM-5 diagnoses of depression and/or anxiety who received psilocybin-assisted therapy with psychotherapeutic support. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2, the Jadad scale, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Due to methodological heterogeneity, a qualitative narrative synthesis was performed.", "journal": "Gaceta Médica de Caracas", "publication_date": "2026-04-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.47307/gmc.2026.134.s2.32", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2026.134.s2.32", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Systematic review, Anxiety, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Psychology, Jadad scale, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Randomized controlled trial, Serotonergic, Narrative review, Clinical trial, Fluoxetine, Systematic desensitization, Complicated grief, Duloxetine, Placebo, Anhedonia, Meta-analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155199454\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155199454\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134220190\",\"display_name\":\"Deivid Antonio Cahuasqui-Mendoza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7492-4445\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210231111\",\"source_display_name\":\"Gaceta Médica de Caracas\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2026.134.s2.32\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155199454" }, { "id": 164, "title": "Prevalence and Correlates of Past-Year Psilocybin Use in the United States", "normalized_title": "prevalence and correlates of past year psilocybin use in the united states", "authors": "Kevin H. Yang, Avery Eun, Joseph J. Palamar", "abstract": "", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-04-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20251343", "pubmed_id": "42014961", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20251343", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, MEDLINE, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Psychology, Depression (economics), Young adult, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155191260\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155191260\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891256775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3209154703\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205618858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296162186\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321598312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353094449\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367553374\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391574176\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393098899\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396518351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400112166\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404182837\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955633\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409632414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412950224\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414123038\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415929140\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417035924\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044401296\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin H. Yang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1451-258X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108177648\",\"display_name\":\"Avery Eun\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048935006\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph J. Palamar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8565-9415\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20251343\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155191260" }, { "id": 3436, "title": "Study of Psilocybin Assisted Psychotherapy to Address Fear of Recurrence in Patients Diagnosed With Early-stage Breast Cancer and Ovarian Cancer in Remission", "normalized_title": "study of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy to address fear of recurrence in patients diagnosed with early stage breast cancer and ovarian cancer in remission", "authors": "University of Colorado, Denver", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to test whether psilocybin along with therapy in women with early breast cancer and ovarian cancer in remission can improve their fear of recurrence. The main question\\[s\\] it aims to answer \\[is/are\\]: Does psilocybin assisted therapy improve fear of cancer recurrence? Does psilocybin assisted therapy improve anxiety, depression, and quality of life? Participants will complete a series of survey measures, participate in preparatory therapy. After prep therapy is complete, they will receive a moderately high dose of psilocybin in a monitored and supportive environment. After the dosing day, they will complete 4 sessions of integrative therapy and complete survey measures.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-20", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06430541", "keywords": "Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06430541\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2978, "title": "The efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: a meta-analytic review of clinical outcomes", "normalized_title": "the efficacy and safety of psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder a meta analytic review of clinical outcomes", "authors": "Mohsen Khosravi, Domenico De Berardis, Massimo Tusconi", "abstract": "This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized data from 13 clinical trials (n=606) evaluating psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Despite early enthusiasm, the pooled standardized mean difference (-0.79, 95% confidence interval: -3.98 to 2.40, p=0.63) revealed no statistically significant overall antidepressant effect, with extreme heterogeneity (I2=96.9%) across studies. Notably, the type of control group (active comparator vs. placebo/waitlist) accounted for 98.7% of between-study variance, with waitlist and low-dose comparators producing exaggerated effect sizes. Session frequency was a significant moderator: 2 to 5 psilocybin sessions yielded larger effects, while more intensive protocols attenuated benefit. Neither participant age nor follow-up duration significantly influenced outcomes. Evidence of reporting bias and small-study effects was detected (Egger’s test p=0.012). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that no single study accounted for the non-significant pooled result. Overall, psilocybin’s antidepressant efficacy appears highly context-dependent-shaped by trial design, comparator, and session structure-rather than universally robust. These findings underscore the need for larger, rigorously controlled trials to clarify psilocybin’s therapeutic role in depression.", "journal": "Mental Wellness", "publication_date": "2026-04-20", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.4081/mw.2026.40", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4081/mw.2026.40", "keywords": "Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Meta-analysis, Antidepressant, Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Confidence interval, Clinical psychology, Strictly standardized mean difference, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, MEDLINE, Mean difference, Depressive symptoms, Session (web analytics), Internal medicine, Significant difference, Psilocybin, Major depressive episode, Placebo response, Intervention (counseling), Research design, Observational study, Treatment effect, Placebo, Imipramine, Test (biology), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155066504\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155066504\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393253405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408765639\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134179887\",\"display_name\":\"Mohsen Khosravi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062268890\",\"display_name\":\"Domenico De Berardis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-5058\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035141310\",\"display_name\":\"Massimo Tusconi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9155-4740\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5407046027\",\"source_display_name\":\"Mental Wellness\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.4081/mw.2026.40\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155066504" }, { "id": 2977, "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a meta analysis of randomised controlled trials", "authors": "Siti Nashria Rusdhy, Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi, Carla Raymondalexas Marchira, Mustika Suci Mahardikaningrum, Teresa Lalita Wiryarini, Devira Ayu Wulandari", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy shows promise for depression, though current evidence relies on Phase 2 trials with notable methodological limitations. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating psilocybin-assisted therapy for major or treatment-resistant depression up to February 2024. We evaluated depressive symptom severity using random-effects meta-analysis, moderator analyses, Cochrane Risk of Bias 2, and GRADE methodology. Nine RCTs (N=514) were included. Psilocybin therapy demonstrated a large pooled effect size for symptom reduction (SMD = 1.270, 95% CI: 0.865-1.676, p", "journal": "Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews", "publication_date": "2026-04-20", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.883", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.883", "keywords": "Medicine, Blinding, Randomized controlled trial, Meta-analysis, Confounding, Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Placebo, Systematic review, Physical therapy, MEDLINE, Treatment effect, Research design, Intensive care medicine, Relative risk, Sample size determination, Publication bias, Moderation, Cochrane Library, Exposure therapy, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Pharmacotherapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155091271\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7155091271\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134107220\",\"display_name\":\"Siti Nashria Rusdhy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079536508\",\"display_name\":\"Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6610-2470\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034760407\",\"display_name\":\"Carla Raymondalexas Marchira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-1092\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134157899\",\"display_name\":\"Mustika Suci Mahardikaningrum\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134166752\",\"display_name\":\"Teresa Lalita Wiryarini\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5134141631\",\"display_name\":\"Devira Ayu Wulandari\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210182354\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.883\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7155091271" }, { "id": 3019, "title": "Psilocybin in Older Adults: Therapeutic Opportunities in Inflammation-Driven Disorders of Aging-From Depression to Neurodegeneration", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in older adults therapeutic opportunities in inflammation driven disorders of aging from depression to neurodegeneration", "authors": "Jóźwiak-Bębenista M, Stasiak A, Sienkiewicz M, Kwiatkowski P, Kowalczyk E.", "abstract": "Aging is associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation (“inflammaging”), which contributes to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as depression, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Conventional pharmacotherapies often provide limited benefit in older adults and are further complicated by polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions. Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic acting primarily as a 5-HT2A receptor agonist and currently undergoing accelerated clinical development, has emerged as a potential multimodal therapeutic agent addressing these challenges. Acting via its active metabolite psilocin, 5-HT2A-mediated signaling biases cortical glutamatergic transmission, enhances TrkB/BDNF pathways, and modulates neuro-immune cascades (including NF-κB), with convergent systems-level effects such as re-organization of the default mode network. Human studies report acute reductions in TNF-α with variable effects on IL-6 and CRP, consistent with an immunomodulatory profile. Pharmacokinetically, psilocybin shows properties advantageous in geriatric care: rapid onset, short half-life, and predominant phase-II glucuronidation, reducing interaction risk. Controlled studies demonstrate rapid antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, and existential distress, with emerging feasibility signals in neurodegeneration. Together, these find-ings support the hypothesis that a time-limited, mechanism-based intervention may improve mood and cognition while attenuating inflammation. This review integrates current evidence on psilocybin’s neuroimmune and pharmacokinetic mechanisms rel-evant to aging, outlining its potential role in inflammation-related disorders and high-lighting the need for targeted studies in older adults, who remain underrepresented in psychedelic research.", "journal": "Preprints.org", "publication_date": "2026-04-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202604.1125.v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202604.1125.v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1179388\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Preprints.org\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Inflammaging,Review Article,Older Adults,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 172, "title": "A phase 1 study of a second experience with Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for partial responders after a first experience", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 study of a second experience with group retreat psilocybin therapy for partial responders after a first experience", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Bonnie A. McGregor, Leslie L. Thorn, Kalin Harvey, Dianna Blom, George Callan, John Guy, Sameet Kumar, Rob Hershberg, Melissa Layer, Jackie Levin, Susanna Myers, Juliana Perez, Kathy Salmonson, Peter Thompson, Joseph Whinney", "abstract": "Introduction: Psilocybin therapy has demonstrated efficacy for cancer-related anxiety and depression, but resource-intensive individual treatment models raise important questions for psychedelic public health about equitable access and scalability. In our prior Phase 1/2 study of group retreat psilocybin therapy for patients with metastatic cancer, we observed partial responders who did not achieve full therapeutic benefit. No published research has examined whether partial responders might benefit from a second psilocybin therapy experience. Methods: We conducted a single-arm Phase 1 study to assess the safety of a second experience of Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for partial responders from our prior study. Protocol modifications addressed dose as a potential contributor to partial response: the initial dose was increased to 35 mg, and an optional 10 mg booster could be requested by participants who reported low subjective effect at 60-90 min and passed a safety check. Pre-retreat antidepressant tapering was not required. The intervention was delivered in a group retreat format with four primary facilitators and included three preparation sessions, a single psilocybin dosing day, and four integration sessions. Results: = 1). Seven participants (54%) received the booster dose. Mean Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Total scores decreased from 15.08 (SD4.35) at baseline to 9.00 (SD4.62) at Day +8, with improvements maintained through 24-week follow-up (mean 10.42, SD6.93); 69% achieved HADS scores below the clinical threshold. The proportion of participants with a \"complete\" mystical experience (Mystical Experience Questionnaire ≥ 60%) increased from 38% in the first experience to 77% in the second, without an increase in challenging experiences (Challenging Experiences Questionnaire). Social support, social identification, and group cohesion scores showed progressive improvements that persisted at 24 weeks. Discussion: A second experience of group retreat psilocybin therapy was safe and feasible for partial responders with metastatic cancer. The protocol modifications-higher dose, optional booster, and no antidepressant tapering requirement-did not introduce new safety concerns and were associated with substantially enhanced mystical experiences and preliminary efficacy signals. These findings support further investigation of retreatment protocols for partial responders and contribute to developing scalable group-based models relevant to psychedelic public health, where the resource intensity of individual treatment remains a fundamental barrier to population-level access.", "journal": "Frontiers in Public Health", "publication_date": "2026-04-13", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3389/fpubh.2026.1810904", "pubmed_id": "42058096", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1810904", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Nausea, Medicine, Anxiety, Dosing, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Hallucinogen, Placebo, Clinical trial, Partial hospitalization, Pharmacotherapy, Exposure therapy, Psychology, Internal medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychological intervention, Relapse prevention, Anesthesia, Physical therapy, Major depressive disorder, Partial agonist, Mental health, Tolerability, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154396122\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154396122\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1972968676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005457676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058150514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086214501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105258029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165986495\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889931714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902935653\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904473517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234193547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251745849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407866135\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410974136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412982879\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133603732\",\"display_name\":\"Leslie L. Thorn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075648744\",\"display_name\":\"Kalin Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121109585\",\"display_name\":\"Dianna Blom\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121094019\",\"display_name\":\"George Callan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133625498\",\"display_name\":\"John Guy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110006341\",\"display_name\":\"Sameet Kumar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133609804\",\"display_name\":\"Rob Hershberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121098160\",\"display_name\":\"Melissa Layer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121107381\",\"display_name\":\"Jackie Levin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133612814\",\"display_name\":\"Juliana Perez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133593291\",\"display_name\":\"Kathy Salmonson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133601737\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Thompson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121054901\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Whinney\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2595931848\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Public Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1810904\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7154396122" }, { "id": 3578, "title": "CAPSI - Cancer Related Major Depression Treated With a Single Dose of Psilocybin: A Multicenter Randomized Placebo Controlled Double Blind Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "capsi cancer related major depression treated with a single dose of psilocybin a multicenter randomized placebo controlled double blind clinical trial", "authors": "Section for Affective Disorders; Northern Stockholm Psychiatry", "abstract": "The goal of this randomized placebo controlled trial is to compare the antidepressant effect of a single oral dose of psilocybin 25 mg compared to 1 mg in 100 patients with cancer related major depressive disorder. The main question it aims to answer is: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin for major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to an active placebo (psilocybin 1 mg) assessed as the difference between groups in changes in depressive symptoms, in the following Population: 20-80 (inclusive) years old, current depressive episode (according to Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) ≥10), \\>1 month after cancer diagnosis, with at least 12 months of life expectancy, willingness to abstain from other psychotherapeutic or antidepressant treatments during the study (wash out time 5 half-lives).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06319378", "keywords": "MDD, psilocybin 25 mg sod, psilocybin 1 mg sod, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06319378\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1970, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment of Prolonged Grief Disorder: An Open-Label Feasibility Study Protocol", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment of prolonged grief disorder an open label feasibility study protocol", "authors": "J. Morgan Penberthy, Fatma Wise, Nicholas P. Cherup, Evaline Mitchell, Madeline Burns, Oluwafunmilayo Akinlade, David Chung, Harshit Parmar, Jonathan Singer", "abstract": "Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) affects approximately 10% of bereaved individuals and is now formally recognized in both the DSM-5-TR and ICD-11. Despite its prevalence, PGD often responds poorly to traditional therapeutic approaches. This manuscript outlines the protocol for an early-stage open-label feasibility trial investigating the use of psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, in treating PGD in adults, with a focus on young adults. The study will involve 20 participants diagnosed with PGD. Each participant will undergo a structured therapeutic process that includes a preparatory session, a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin, and post-session integration. Throughout the study, participants will be monitored via symptom assessments, including qualitative and quantitative data, with the main aims related to safety, feasibility and acceptability. Functional MRIs will be obtained pre- and post-dosing and collected during a standardized grief-elicitation methodology. Key outcome measures include changes in the severity of PGD and trauma symptoms, cognitive flexibility, openness to experience, meaning in life and subjective experiences during the psilocybin session. Neural activity will also be evaluated through fMRI to better understand the neurobiological effects of the treatment. This research represents one of the first clinical protocols specifically focused on the potential of psilocybin for treating PGD. The goal is to assess feasibility and safety while laying the groundwork for future randomized controlled trials.", "journal": "Psychoactives", "publication_date": "2026-04-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3390/psychoactives5020012", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives5020012", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Grief, Psychotherapist, Protocol (science), Psychology, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Complicated grief, Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Cognition, Openness to experience, Exposure therapy, Research design, Single-subject design, Depression (economics), Qualitative research, MEDLINE, Major depressive disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7153973756\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7153973756\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1966524739\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977106921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014833927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027845679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055769378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082494913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095888968\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102083811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123778879\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127461282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130746449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138769072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169463832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2277633149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412386965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2481432072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2580400906\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582745336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883252198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921631604\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015902292\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161861567\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321070975\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398248553\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401689244\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402490731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403053992\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406512218\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409142060\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414745551\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415616586\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416976899\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133504338\",\"display_name\":\"J. Morgan Penberthy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-9904\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133504338\",\"display_name\":\"J. Morgan Penberthy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-9904\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018583128\",\"display_name\":\"Fatma Wise\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056701766\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas P. Cherup\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-3863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133504338\",\"display_name\":\"J. Morgan Penberthy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-9904\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133504338\",\"display_name\":\"J. Morgan Penberthy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-9904\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Evaline Mitchell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079839413\",\"display_name\":\"Madeline Burns\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001877959\",\"display_name\":\"Oluwafunmilayo Akinlade\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3548-870X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100826419\",\"display_name\":\"David Chung\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070832958\",\"display_name\":\"Harshit Parmar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1506-6873\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084354488\",\"display_name\":\"Jonathan Singer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-5047\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387280156\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychoactives\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives5020012\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7153973756" }, { "id": 4044, "title": "Additional file 1 of Evaluation of a facilitator training program in a randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "additional file 1 of evaluation of a facilitator training program in a randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment for depression", "authors": "Nikita Sanati Morel, Dea Siggaard Stenbaek, Johan Lundberg, Maria Beckman", "abstract": "Supplementary Material 1.", "journal": "Figshare", "publication_date": "2026-04-08", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.6084/m9.figshare.32048850", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32048850", "keywords": "Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Medicine, Facilitator, Physical therapy, Psilocybin, Psychology, Psychiatry, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:35", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154853940\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154853940\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133175525\",\"display_name\":\"Nikita Sanati Morel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133939737\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbaek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133929414\",\"display_name\":\"Johan Lundberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065682565\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Beckman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-1863\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196282\",\"source_display_name\":\"Figshare\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32048850\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7154853940" }, { "id": 178, "title": "Evaluation of a facilitator training program in a randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "evaluation of a facilitator training program in a randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment for depression", "authors": "Nikita Sanati Morel, Dea Siggaard Stenbaek, Johan Lundberg, Maria Beckman", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Major depression is a prevalent condition among patients with life-threatening illnesses, such as cancer, and recent findings suggest that psilocybin may hold promising treatment potential. Contemporary trials of psilocybin generally employ a model that includes psychotherapeutic support consisting of preparation and integration sessions surrounding the dosing. However, there is limited research on the psychotherapeutic component of treatment, including the skills, professional qualifications and training needed to provide it. METHODS: In this study, nine nurses completed a 15-week online and on-site training program as facilitators in an ongoing randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment for depression. The training evaluation consisted of a subjective evaluation by the facilitators collected during and after completion of training, and an objective evaluation of the facilitators' verbal relational skills assessed with standardized role-plays before and after completion of training. The recorded role-plays were assessed using the relational components of the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity (MITI) code 4.2 and analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. RESULTS: The facilitators' subjective evaluations indicated that the online and on-site training sessions had supported their knowledge- and skill acquisition. However, most facilitators reported that additional practical in-person training would have been necessary for them to feel adequately prepared to provide the treatment. The objective assessment of the facilitators' verbal relational skills showed a significant increase in one of twelve MITI variables and medium to large effect sizes for six of the measures pre- to post-training. CONCLUSIONS: The training model used in this study showed potential to improve outcomes, though effects were modest and only demonstrated in role-play. The facilitators also indicated a need for additional training to feel adequately prepared. The exact requirements for the psychotherapeutic support surrounding the dosing in these treatments, including the specific skills and professional qualifications needed to provide it, remain unclear. Nonetheless, the results of this study suggest that different professionals may require distinct types of training to deliver these treatments effectively. Future studies should design training programs based on the facilitators' baseline skills and provide clear descriptions and objective measures of both the training intervention and outcome, along with adherence measures throughout treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: EudraCT: 2023-505532-35-00; Clinicaltrails.gov ID: NCT06319378. Registered 8 November 2023.", "journal": "BMC Medical Education", "publication_date": "2026-04-07", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1186/s12909-026-09124-8", "pubmed_id": "41952163", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-09124-8", "keywords": "Randomized controlled trial, Psilocybin, Facilitator, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Interview, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Motivational interviewing, Medicine, Depression (economics), Physical therapy, Attrition, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Mood, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7151958593\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7151958593\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1480983579\",\"https://openalex.org/W1961463694\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990135477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025553980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025819290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089437545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100509572\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101332682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125675643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133678432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145129925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148540129\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271992345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2327037637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419603765\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769954132\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883966852\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888205475\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890801445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944987924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945981774\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008649055\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091757612\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159796563\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201631743\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205990671\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309608756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317881824\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323044235\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381244858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385440744\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398774731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399500273\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133175525\",\"display_name\":\"Nikita Sanati Morel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133199361\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbaek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133198002\",\"display_name\":\"Johan Lundberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065682565\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Beckman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-1863\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S144187503\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMC Medical Education\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-09124-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7151958593" }, { "id": 3249, "title": "Altered States of Consciousness and the Subconscious Mind: A Comprehensive Comparative Review of Disciplines, Neurobiological Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Philosophical Frameworks - Including Life Between Lives and Transpersonal Hypnotherapy", "normalized_title": "altered states of consciousness and the subconscious mind a comprehensive comparative review of disciplines neurobiological mechanisms clinical applications and philosophical frameworks including life between lives and transpersonal hypnotherapy", "authors": "Gallardo LM.", "abstract": "Altered states of consciousness (ASC) represent a universal human capacity for accessing and transforming the subconscious mind, employed across cultures and millennia through diverse contemplative, somatic, pharmacological, ritual, and technological modalities. This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence from over 25 distinct disciplines spanning five clusters: (A) contemplative and meditative practices (yoga, hypnotherapy, qigong, Tibetan meditation, mindfulness); (B) breathwork and somatic practices (holotropic breathwork, pranayama, somatic experiencing, trauma-release exercises, Wim Hof method); (C) plant-based and psychedelic practices (ayahuasca, psilocybin, MDMA, ketamine, ibogaine, peyote, cannabis); (D) ritual, cultural, and energetic practices (shamanic drumming, Sufi whirling, sound therapy, sweat lodge, lucid dreaming); and (E) neurotechnology and sensory modulation (neurofeedback, TMS, tDCS, float therapy, VR therapy, EMDR). We provide the first in-depth scholarly treatment of transpersonal hypnotherapy modalities-Life Between Lives (LBL) hypnotherapy and Past Life Regression (PLR) therapy-as legitimate therapeutic frameworks warranting rigorous empirical investigation. Comparative neurobiological analysis reveals converging mechanisms across all disciplines: default mode network (DMN) suppression or modulation, autonomic nervous system regulation via vagal tone and heart rate variability, neuroplasticity enhancement through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) upregulation, memory reconsolidation enabling schema revision, interoceptive predictive coding that updates maladaptive priors, theta and alpha brainwave entrainment facilitating subconscious access, and ego dissolution permitting self-transcendence. Clinical evidence demonstrates strongest support for MDMA-assisted therapy in PTSD (Phase 3 RCTs, 67% response rate), psilocybin therapy in treatment-resistant depression (60-70% response in multiple RCTs), EMDR for trauma (WHO and APA endorsed), mindfulness-based interventions for depression relapse prevention and anxiety (multiple meta-analyses), and neurofeedback for ADHD and anxiety disorders (systematic reviews). Transpersonal modalities including LBL and PLR show preliminary evidence for existential distress, grief, depression, and life-purpose confusion in case series and open trials, though rigorous controlled trials are lacking. Philosophical frameworks from Vedantic (atman, samskaras, moksha), Buddhist (alaya-vijnana, anatta), Jungian (collective unconscious, archetypes), Platonic (anamnesis), transpersonal (Assagioli, Wilber), and neuroscientific (predictive coding, Bayesian brain) traditions offer complementary conceptualizations of the subconscious mind as the universal therapeutic target. All ASC disciplines converge on temporarily suspending ordinary critical consciousness to enable direct access to subconscious patterns-conceptualized variously as samskaras, unconscious complexes, predictive priors, conditioned schemas, or soul memories. LBL hypnotherapy uniquely targets the superconscious or Higher Self dimension, representing the only modality explicitly accessing soul-level knowing and between-lives experiences. Significant research gaps include absence of head-to-head comparative trials, lack of standardized ASC phenomenological and neurophysiological measurement protocols, limited mechanistic neuroimaging studies during deep transpersonal trance states, insufficient integration protocols, and need for personalized matching algorithms. We propose an integrative framework positioning ASC as a spectrum from subconscious (conditioned patterns) to superconscious (transpersonal wisdom), with diverse modalities as complementary vehicles for consciousness transformation. Future research priorities include rigorous RCTs for LBL and PLR, neurophenomenological studies combining EEG/fMRI with first-person phenomenology, replication of reincarnation research with modern methodology, quantum consciousness investigations, and culturally safe integration of indigenous healing practices. This review provides the most comprehensive synthesis to date of ASC-based therapeutics, establishing a foundation for integrative, cross-disciplinary, evidence-based practice in consciousness medicine.", "journal": "Preprints.org", "publication_date": "2026-04-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202604.0415.v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202604.0415.v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1175423\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Preprints.org\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Aging,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1971, "title": "A living systematic review, meta-analysis and open-data resource of randomized controlled trials of psilocybin treatment for symptoms of depression", "normalized_title": "a living systematic review meta analysis and open data resource of randomized controlled trials of psilocybin treatment for symptoms of depression", "authors": "S. Parker Singleton, Brooke L. Sevchik, Analiese Lahey, Pim Cuijpers, Mathias Harrer, Megan T. Jones, Sandeep M. Nayak, Eric C. Strain, Simon Vandekar, Robert H. Dworkin, J. Cobb Scott, Theodore D. Satterthwaite", "abstract": "", "journal": "Nature Mental Health", "publication_date": "2026-04-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s44220-026-00630-8", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-026-00630-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Depressive symptoms, Medicine, Systematic review, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Resource (disambiguation), Clinical trial, Meta-analysis, MEDLINE, Modalities, Resource use, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7151101131\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7151101131\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W68383726\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982009542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006979162\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036756589\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085758661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123075912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128640268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139168999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154449833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157823046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159155203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769263100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2785297454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2975424845\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043675015\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087936928\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163489461\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177516331\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242468065\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387651512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389236777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484527\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484734\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484761\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485012\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485036\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391842082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401774886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402748917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405021720\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405176234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406236054\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407686725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412738512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414366251\",\"https://openalex.org/W6949874712\",\"https://openalex.org/W7138880159\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133003773\",\"display_name\":\"S. Parker Singleton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115831521\",\"display_name\":\"Brooke L. Sevchik\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119357960\",\"display_name\":\"Analiese Lahey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6892-9748\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016972944\",\"display_name\":\"Pim Cuijpers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-2743\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053074395\",\"display_name\":\"Mathias Harrer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7016-2687\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019834434\",\"display_name\":\"Megan T. Jones\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7999-7031\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017911936\",\"display_name\":\"Eric C. Strain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-5461\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076688030\",\"display_name\":\"Simon Vandekar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-9073\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133004906\",\"display_name\":\"Robert H. Dworkin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013332746\",\"display_name\":\"J. Cobb Scott\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6538-9043\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039906500\",\"display_name\":\"Theodore D. Satterthwaite\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7072-9399\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387286578\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Mental Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-026-00630-8\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7151101131" }, { "id": 3651, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin in obsessive compulsive disorder", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This study will test the feasibility, safety, and evidence for efficacy of psilocybin administration in participants with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). This will serve as a preliminary proof of concept study for future larger studies aimed to investigate the utility, cognitive mechanisms, and neural correlates of this intervention. Participants in this study will receive two doses of psilocybin approximately two weeks apart. Assessments will be conducted during screening visits, psilocybin sessions, and at follow up visits up to 6 months after the final psilocybin session. Thirty participants will complete all study visits including follow-up visits. Primary objectives: 1. Investigate the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of psilocybin for OCD. 2. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on OCD symptoms and concomitant depression and anxiety symptoms. 3. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on quality of life. Secondary objectives: 1. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on metacognition of episodic memory and decision-making. 2. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on model-based learning. 3. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on the ERN. 4. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on affect and social connection. 5. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on movement and communications.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-04-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05546658", "keywords": "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05546658\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1972, "title": "Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin in Psychiatric Disorders: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Clinical Implications", "normalized_title": "therapeutic potential of psilocybin in psychiatric disorders mechanisms efficacy and clinical implications", "authors": "Shakila Meshkat, Manish K. Jha, Venkat Bhat", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, has gained attention as a potential treatment for various psychiatric conditions. In this review, the authors summarize current clinical evidence related to psilocybin’s efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action across psychiatric disorders. Findings from early-phase and small-scale clinical trials suggest rapid but variable reductions in depressive symptoms, with some studies reporting sustained effects. Psilocybin has also shown preliminary benefits in alleviating anxiety related to life-threatening illness and in reducing substance use, including alcohol and tobacco dependence. Emerging but limited evidence supports possible therapeutic effects in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, anorexia nervosa, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Reported adverse events, such as headache, nausea, and short-lived anxiety, are typically transient and mild; however, notable adverse reactions have occurred in larger randomized trials. Mechanistically, psilocybin may act by modulating limbic-prefrontal circuits, promoting synaptic plasticity, and enhancing emotional and cognitive flexibility, in particular when administered alongside structured psychotherapeutic support. Although the existing data are encouraging, the evidence base remains limited by small sample sizes, highly selective populations, and short follow-up durations. Larger, rigorously designed trials are required to confirm efficacy, establish long-term safety, and refine therapeutic protocols. Overall, psilocybin represents a promising but still experimental intervention that warrants further systematic investigation under controlled conditions.", "journal": "FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-03-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1176/appi.focus.20250043", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20250043", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Disease, Psychotherapist, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154344405\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154344405\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133351239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945335566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210511938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210625095\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318455092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362604463\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386504040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386849390\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390629750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391953134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400364503\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402462242\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402554692\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403083745\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408033191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411969620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413839750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414366251\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414374510\",\"https://openalex.org/W7117359786\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133594333\",\"display_name\":\"Manish K. Jha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133579308\",\"display_name\":\"Venkat Bhat\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210193920\",\"source_display_name\":\"FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20250043\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7154344405" }, { "id": 185, "title": "An Open-Label Study of Single-Dose Psilocybin for Borderline Personality Disorder With Co-Occurring Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "an open label study of single dose psilocybin for borderline personality disorder with co occurring major depressive disorder", "authors": "Jon E. Grant, Sophia Boutouis, Margaret O’Brien, Laurie Avila, Megha Neelapu, Dustin Ehsan", "abstract": "OBJECTIVES: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is often comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD), and there has been a suggestion in the literature that this comorbidity may interfere with MDD treatment response. Our objective was to conduct a pilot study of psilocybin in adults with BPD and MDD. METHODS: Adults aged 18 to 65 years with a DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD and BPD were enrolled in an open-label pilot study of a single dose of psilocybin. Assessments were conducted 1 week before dosing (baseline), on the dosing day (visit 2), and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postdosing. The co-primary outcome measures were changes in depressive and BPD symptoms from baseline to study endpoint, and we used a paired-samples t test to examine changes in symptoms. RESULTS: Nine participants (4 males; mean age=31.3 y) with MDD and BPD were enrolled. MDD symptoms significantly changed from baseline to visit 5: baseline (M=28.56, SD=4.53) and final visit (M=17.22, SD=10.39); t(8)=-4.217, P=0.003; Cohen d=1.41. BPD scores did not significantly change from baseline to study endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: This small open-label study resulted in statistically significant improvement in MDD symptoms but not for BPD symptoms. These findings, which await larger clinical trials, suggest that BPD does not appear to interfere with response to depressive symptoms.", "journal": "Clinical Neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-03-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1097/wnf.0000000000000683", "pubmed_id": "41973961", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/wnf.0000000000000683", "keywords": "Borderline personality disorder, Major depressive disorder, Comorbidity, Medicine, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Dosing, Psychology, Depressive symptoms, Young adult, Personality disorders, Psilocybin, Severity of illness, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154114794\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7154114794\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W82455047\",\"https://openalex.org/W1682914707\",\"https://openalex.org/W1795591646\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004458660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025610418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044225822\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054099746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057868478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064870672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095227090\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114546905\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120220100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126038180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127606597\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138521058\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145076401\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147987800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151396431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151811004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165477838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2402987111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413036072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781829545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947112920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122347292\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200585733\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296850004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321203160\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323275405\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012235859\",\"display_name\":\"Jon E. Grant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7784-7021\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120657378\",\"display_name\":\"Sophia Boutouis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133511674\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret O’Brien\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129772504\",\"display_name\":\"Laurie Avila\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133487457\",\"display_name\":\"Megha Neelapu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133526370\",\"display_name\":\"Dustin Ehsan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S3349026\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Neuropharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/wnf.0000000000000683\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Personality Change,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7154114794" }, { "id": 3663, "title": "Engaging Mood Brain Circuits With Psilocybin: a Randomized Neuroimaging Trial in Depression", "normalized_title": "engaging mood brain circuits with psilocybin a randomized neuroimaging trial in depression", "authors": "Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre", "abstract": "The goal of this neuroimaging clinical trial is to test whether psilocybin produces significant immediate changes in functional brain activity in networks associated with mood regulation and depression compared to placebo in patients with depression. The trial aims to determine if psilocybin: 1. Changes connectivity within brain networks associated with mood and depression 2. Changes blood flow in brain regions associated with mood and depression Participants will be attend two treatment sessions where they receive an oral medication and supportive psychotherapy. At each session, participants will undergo an MRI scan after drug administration but prior to psychotherapy. Participants will be randomly to assigned to one of two groups that will receive, 1) microcrystalline cellulose (25mg) at the first visit and psilocybin (25mg) at the second visit, or 2) psilocybin (25mg) at both visits, respectively. Differences between groups will be compared to understand what effects on brain activity are specific to psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06072898", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Microcrystalline cellulose, MCC, Supportive psychotherapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06072898\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3478, "title": "Psilocybin Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment Resistant Depression and Co-occurring Substance Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression and co occurring substance use disorder", "authors": "Indiana University", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a single dose of psilocybin (5mg Vs 10mg Vs 25mg) alongside psychotherapy is safe and can help treat treatment resistant depression (TRD) with co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD) in veterans and first responders. We seek to answer: * Whether 5mgs, 10mgs and 25mgs of psilocybin are safe in individuals with co-occurring TRD and SUD * Whether psilocybin assisted psychotherapy will reduce substance use severity and depression symptoms * What neurobiological processes are associated with the effects of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy. The researchers will compare the effects of a single dose of psilocybin (either 5mgs or 10mgs or 25mg) alongside psychotherapy on substance use severity and depression symptoms over six weeks in veterans and first responders with TRD and co-occurring SUD. In this 14-week study, participants will: * Visit the clinic for two intake sessions * Complete seven psychotherapy sessions. This will include three sessions before psilocybin administration, an 8 to 10 hour dosing session, and three sessions following psilocybin administration * Complete short, repeated daily assessments for six weeks, in total, before and after psilocybin administration * Complete two brain scans before and after psilocybin administration This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial to examine the safety and efficacy of a single dose of psilocybin (5mg or 10mg or 25mg) in reducing substance use severity and depression symptoms in N=50 veterans and first responders with treatment resistant depression (TRD) and co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD). The study will be conducted at Goodman Hall outpatient clinic located at Indiana University, Department of Psychiatry. All participants will take part in two intake visits (one to conduct safety tests and establish eligibility, and one to collect baseline and covariate data). They will then participate in three preparatory psychotherapy sessions with a certified psilocybin counselor before receiving one of three, randomly assigned, psilocybin doses during an 8 to 10 hour administration session. Following psilocybin administration, participants will participate in three weekly integrative psychotherapy sessions. We will also conduct three, two-week bursts of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) during weeks 1 and 2, weeks 5 and 6 and weeks 10 and 11 of study participation, to measure daily substance use patterns and depression symptoms both during stressful and non-stressful situations. A pre- and post- fMRI paradigm will additionally be conducted to determine psilocybin-related changes within and between the default mode network, the salience mode network and the central executive network, during both resting state and stress. We will also explore the extent to which elevations in subjective mystical and existential experience contributes to psilocybin's therapeutic and mechanistic effects. It is anticipated that all three doses of psilocybin will be safe and well-tolerated in this sample of veterans and first responders. We additionally expect that 25mgs of psilocybin compared with 5mgs will attenuate substance use severity and depressive symptoms six weeks following administration, and during both stressful and non-stressful situations. In addition, we expect that 25mg Vs 5mg psilocybin will decrease resting state functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and modulate connectivity between the DMN, salience network, central executive network, and the amygdala during stress exposure.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07499583", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Substance Use Disorders, Psilocybin, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07499583\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Default Mode Network,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2981, "title": "MedCheck: FDA Approves Novel Antipsychotic Milsaperidone; Designates Psilocybin Analogue as Breakthrough Therapy for Postpartum Depression, and More!", "normalized_title": "medcheck fda approves novel antipsychotic milsaperidone designates psilocybin analogue as breakthrough therapy for postpartum depression and more", "authors": "Linda M. Richmond", "abstract": "", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2026-03-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2026.04.4.3", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2026.04.4.3", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Antipsychotic, Psychiatry, Pimozide, Antipsychotic Agent, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Intensive care medicine, MEDLINE, Atypical antipsychotic, Placebo, Pharmacology, Postpartum period, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7143348770\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7143348770\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130949757\",\"display_name\":\"Linda M. Richmond\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2026.04.4.3\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7143348770" }, { "id": 1942, "title": "Strong alliance, weak conclusions: Comment on Goodwin et al. (2026) “The role of therapeutic alliance in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression”", "normalized_title": "strong alliance weak conclusions comment on goodwin et al 2026 the role of therapeutic alliance in psilocybin treatment for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "This commentary critically examines the interpretation and analytic choices in Goodwin et al.’s (2026) analysis of therapeutic alliance in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression. While the authors conclude that alliance did not meaningfully contribute to treatment efficacy, we argue that this interpretation is not supported by the reported results, which are, in addition, shaped by methodological decisions that obscure relevant effects. By contextualizing the observed associations, clarifying the logic of mediation analysis, and pointing out methodological weaknesses, we show that the available evidence is more consistent with a meaningful role of therapeutic alliance in shaping both the psychedelic experience and clinical outcomes. Furthermore, we highlight unexplained deviations from the study protocol that warrant scrutiny. The commentary underscores the importance of accurately characterizing psychological and contextual factors in psychedelic treatment research and calls for more comprehensive and transparent analyses of psychotherapeutic processes.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-03-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/8s7xk_v1", "keywords": "depression, psilocybin, psychedelic therapy, psychotherapy, therapeutic alliance, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, Psychopharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"8s7xk_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 210, "title": "Psychedelics in NHS services: exploring a model for real-world implementation of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in nhs services exploring a model for real world implementation of psilocybin", "authors": "Katharine Smith, Edward Harcourt, Andrea Cipriani", "abstract": "Psychedelics are increasingly described as a new therapeutic approach in a variety of mental disorders including depression. Oral psychedelics such as psilocybin have an acute effect evolving over 6-8 h and are generally given in combination with psychological support. There is debate on the exact role of this support and how and by whom it should be delivered. This has significant implications for real-world implementation in health services post-licensing. In this feature, we discuss these issues and outline a model for psychological support delivery in publicly funded health services such as the National Health Service. We also suggest further research to explore the exact role of support in psilocybin treatment and identify the essential elements to direct service plans for clinical implementation. These steps are important: over recent decades, there have been few new treatments for depression, moreover, psychedelic drugs are appealing to patients, and accumulating data suggest that their efficacy may be long-lasting. However, realistic plans for implementation must be based on high-quality evidence and the needs of the whole patient population. This will ensure that these treatments, if licensed, are available not only for those able to pay but to all on an equitable basis.", "journal": "The British Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-03-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1192/bjp.2026.10612", "pubmed_id": "41906234", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2026.10612", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Variety (cybernetics), Psychology, Mental health, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Service (business), Psychiatry, Service delivery framework, Service provider, MEDLINE, Medicine, Health services, Health care, Computer science, Psychological intervention, Nursing, Applied psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7143417129\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7143417129\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W3210162930\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297493652\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4377002091\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967557\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387357883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387902564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398137313\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401603200\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402191865\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402354248\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405176234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405565174\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955633\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408072192\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410910940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410974136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412982879\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415678773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4415982286\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039234102\",\"display_name\":\"Katharine Smith\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2679-1472\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026672368\",\"display_name\":\"Edward Harcourt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7176-226X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007077090\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Cipriani\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5179-8321\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S127936299\",\"source_display_name\":\"The British Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2026.10612\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7143417129" }, { "id": 3696, "title": "Psilocybe Cubensis Mushrooms With or Without Fluoxetine for Refractory Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybe cubensis mushrooms with or without fluoxetine for refractory depression", "authors": "Federal University of Latin American Integration", "abstract": "This Phase 2a pilot, exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial will estimate whether concurrent fluoxetine alters the antidepressant effect, acute psychedelic experience, or safety of a psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy session in adults with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD). Eligible participants (ages 25-64) have DSM-5-TR MDD, moderate-severe, MADRS ≥20, and partial response in the current episode (≥1 adequate antidepressant trial of 6-12 weeks with \\", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06898606", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin and Psilocyn, Placebo, Psychotherapy-assisted session, Fluoxetine, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06898606\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2982, "title": "26-CCC-15854-ACC TALK ABOUT A BAD TRIP!: PSILOCYBIN USE WITH PRE-EXISTING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, A CASE REPORT", "normalized_title": "26 ccc 15854 acc talk about a bad trip psilocybin use with pre existing cardiovascular disease a case report", "authors": "Christine Buchanan", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of the American College of Cardiology", "publication_date": "2026-03-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jacc.2026.02.3249", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2026.02.3249", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Intensive care medicine, Depression (economics), MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Patient care, Mirtazapine, Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias, Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and Associated Phenomena, Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7141271109\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7141271109\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130804242\",\"display_name\":\"Christine Buchanan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S60865174\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of the American College of Cardiology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2026.02.3249\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Case Report", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7141271109" }, { "id": 213, "title": "Psilocin fosters neuroplasticity in iPSC-derived human cortical neurons.", "normalized_title": "psilocin fosters neuroplasticity in ipsc derived human cortical neurons", "authors": "Schmidt M, Hoffrichter A, Davoudi M, Horschitz S, Lau T, Meinhardt MW, Spanagel R, Ladewig J, Köhr G, Koch P.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is studied as innovative medication in anxiety, substance abuse and treatment-resistant depression. Animal studies show that psychedelics promote neuronal plasticity by strengthening synaptic responses and protein synthesis. However, the exact molecular and cellular changes induced by psilocybin in the human brain are not known. Here, we treated human cortical neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells with the 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocin - the psychoactive metabolite of psilocybin. We analyzed how exposure to psilocin affects gene expression, neuronal morphology, synaptic markers and neuronal function. Psilocin provoked a 5-HT2A-R-mediated augmentation of BDNF abundance. Transcriptomic profiling identified gene expression signatures priming neurons to neuroplasticity. On a morphological level, psilocin induced enhanced neuronal complexity and increased expression of synaptic proteins, in particular in the postsynaptic compartment. Consistently, we observed an increased excitability and enhanced synaptic network activity in neurons treated with psilocin. In conclusion, exposure of human neurons to psilocin might induce a state of enhanced neuronal plasticity, which could explain why psilocin is beneficial in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders where synaptic dysfunctions are discussed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-03-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.7554/elife.104006", "pubmed_id": "41891829", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.104006", "keywords": "Cerebral Cortex, Neurons, Cells, Cultured, Humans, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Hallucinogens, Gene Expression Profiling, Neuronal Plasticity, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41891829\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Transcriptomics", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 214, "title": "Psilocybin in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Seeking Valuable Evidence in History, Pure Science, Clinical Trials and Real-World Data (RWD)", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in neuropsychiatric disorders seeking valuable evidence in history pure science clinical trials and real world data rwd", "authors": "Piotr Skalski, Katarzyna Pękacka-Falkowska, Agnieszka Pluto-Prądzyńska, Michał K. Owecki", "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Psilocybin has re-emerged as a promising intervention for neuropsychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, anxiety associated with life-threatening illness, obsessive compulsive disorder, and substance use disorders. However, conventional randomized controlled trials (RCTs)-the current gold standard in evidence-based medicine-may not adequately capture the therapeutic complexity of psilocybin, which depends not only on pharmacological action but also on contextual, psychological, and interpersonal factors. This critical narrative review aimed to evaluate the adequacy of existing clinical research frameworks for assessing psilocybin’s therapeutic potential and to explore alternative methodologies that may better reflect real-world clinical conditions. Methods: Using the Web of Science Core Collection database, we identified and analysed the ten most cited clinical studies on psilocybin published between 2015 and 2025 inclusive. Additional literature was included through reference cross-checking, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and interdisciplinary sources covering neurobiology, history, and real-world evidence (RWE). The review synthesizes clinical outcomes, methodological constraints, and epistemic considerations relevant to psychedelic-assisted therapy. Results: Evidence from highly cited trials demonstrates rapid and sustained antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of psilocybin, with notable benefits also observed in addiction treatment. However, significant methodological limitations were identified, including selection bias, challenges in placebo design and blinding, small sample sizes, and the underrepresentation of diverse populations. Psilocybin outcomes were strongly influenced by subjective experience and contextual factors such as set and setting. Emerging RWE studies revealed heterogeneous patterns of response and provided insights unattainable through RCTs alone. Conclusions: Psilocybin shows considerable therapeutic promise, but current RCT methodologies capture only part of its clinical effects. Comprehensive evaluation will require larger and more diverse clinical trials, long-term follow-up, standardized psychotherapeutic protocols, and the integration of RWE to reflect real-world practice. Psychedelic-assisted therapy should be conceptualized as a complex intervention that combines pharmacological and psychotherapeutic components.", "journal": "Brain Sciences", "publication_date": "2026-03-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci16040358", "pubmed_id": "42041769", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16040358", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Randomized controlled trial, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Medicine, Psychiatry, Addiction, Intervention (counseling), MEDLINE, Clinical study design, Systematic review, Obsessive compulsive, Placebo, Antidepressant, Major depressive disorder, Research design, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140611633\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140611633\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992988465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027740687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050365988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062765660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069122038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095417804\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102963347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558041581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588735279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623228771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769124319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791887133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804330882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911871414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926665170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938070244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954176814\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995118312\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016448445\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023070793\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3115524456\",\"https://openalex.org/W3131162203\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204171992\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204600425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3208019294\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214097796\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281615567\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283813871\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313544662\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327892670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366089680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382918325\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384126595\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386624716\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387005979\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387638849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391924240\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394874345\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396518351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396894158\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398182074\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400449392\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400513312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400847605\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401774886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402680012\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403628871\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403667484\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404870098\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410444635\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001237361\",\"display_name\":\"Piotr Skalski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-8424\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120979152\",\"display_name\":\"Katarzyna Pękacka-Falkowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001380083\",\"display_name\":\"Agnieszka Pluto-Prądzyńska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6402-7857\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025610163\",\"display_name\":\"Michał K. Owecki\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9733-7085\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S122317144\",\"source_display_name\":\"Brain Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16040358\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7140611633" }, { "id": 3447, "title": "Elucidating the Relevance of the Psychedelic Experience to Psilocybin's Anti-Anhedonic Effects: A Randomized, Open-Label, Cross-Over Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Trial", "normalized_title": "elucidating the relevance of the psychedelic experience to psilocybin s anti anhedonic effects a randomized open label cross over functional magnetic resonance imaging trial", "authors": "Medical University of Vienna", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to systematically categorize potential prohedonic effects of psilocybin in patients with anhedonia in depression. The main questions it aims to answer are: Primary Objectives 1. Systematically categorize prohedonic effects (antianhedonic effects in patients with anhedonia in depression, increase in well-being in all participants). 2. Test effects of psilocybin on brain network complexity measures during the hedonic experience using fMRI as a correlate for prohedonic (anti-anhedonic and well-being increasing) effects. 3. Elucidate relevance of the psychedelic experience to these effects (clinical, behavioral, and imaging) in a pharmacological challenge using the 5-HT2A/D2 antagonist risperidone and extensive characterization of the psychedelic experience. Secondary Objectives 4. Test the differential effects of the psychedelic experience on fMRI paradigms measuring symptoms shown to be altered in anhedonia, more specifically reward processing and sexual arousal. 5. Test the relevance of neuroplasticity (BDNF) and inflammatory parameters to anti-anhedonic, well-being promoting, and brain network dynamic complexity effects. 6. Test the effects of the psychedelic experience on BDNF and inflammatory parameters. Researchers will compare the effects of psilocybin in two separate sessions (one with psilocybin alone, one with co-administration of risperidone) in both patients with depression and anhedonia and healthy control participants. Participants will: * Take 25 mg of psilocybin p.o. in two sessions, in one of the two sessions they will take 1 mg risperidone p.o. before ingestion of psilocybin, to block psilocybin's acute psychedelic effects. * Undergo 3 MRI sessions, one before the first psilocybin session ('baseline') and one session each on the day after each respective psilocybin session. * Perform a variety of tasks during each fMRI session to asses the treatment's effects on anhedonia.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07490353", "keywords": "Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Anhedonia, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), Psilocybin, Risperidone 1 MG, Risperidone, Risperdal, MRI, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07490353\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 217, "title": "Psilocybin: Chemical Foundations and Emerging Therapeutic Potential", "normalized_title": "psilocybin chemical foundations and emerging therapeutic potential", "authors": "Shivaputra A. Patil, Holly C. Hunsberger", "abstract": "Psilocybin, chemically known as (4-phosphoryloxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine, 4-PODMT), is derived from the psychoactive mushroom genus, Psilocybe. Of the four active metabolites, psilocin readily enters systemic circulation. The psychoactive effects of psilocin are thought to arise through partial agonist effects at the 5-HT2A receptor. Psychedelic drugs, including psilocybin, are having a renaissance, especially in mental health disorders, addiction, and cancer-related depression. The beneficial effects of psilocybin are expanding into brain injury and lifespan due to its ability to enhance neuroplasticity. However, the large-scale synthesis of psilocybin was the main challenge for the scientific community after the FDA's breakthrough therapy designation in 2018 for Treatment- Resistant Depression (TRD) and for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in 2019. Synthesizing psilocybin is challenging due to the complex reactions, a multi-step process that requires strict temperature control, hazardous reagents, and purification difficulties. The very first Hoffman's synthetic method was successfully modified by several medicinal chemistry research groups to obtain it on a kilogram scale to conduct important clinical trials. This mini review comprises a brief history, chemistry, and pharmacology, along with the therapeutic use in depression of this naturally occurring psychedelic.", "journal": "Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry", "publication_date": "2026-03-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.2174/0113895575429775260119043318", "pubmed_id": "41879500", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575429775260119043318", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Pharmacology, Psychology, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Medicine, Drug, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Process (computing), Major depressive disorder, Chemistry, Mental health, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Neuroscience, Antidepressant, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140303704\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140303704\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130589039\",\"display_name\":\"Shivaputra A. Patil\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016790931\",\"display_name\":\"Holly C. Hunsberger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4797-9311\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S162475533\",\"source_display_name\":\"Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575429775260119043318\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Longevity,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7140303704" }, { "id": 4, "title": "The role of therapeutic alliance in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression: A post hoc path analysis", "normalized_title": "the role of therapeutic alliance in psilocybin treatment for treatment resistant depression a post hoc path analysis", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Oscar Alvarez, Robin Carhart-Harris, Megan Croal, David Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, Muhammad I. Husain, John R. Kelly, Namik Kirlić, Rasmus Wentzer Licht, Lindsey Marwood, Ania Nowakowska, Tomáš Páleníček, Dimitris Repantis, Robert A. Schoevers, Hollie Simmons, Jair C. Soares, Metten Somers, Joyce Tsai, Mourad Wahba, Ella Williams, Allan H. Young, Matthew B. Young, Sidney Zisook, Ekaterina Malievskaia", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-03-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.121662", "pubmed_id": "41881122", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121662", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Post hoc, Alliance, Psychotherapist, Post-hoc analysis, Path (computing), Hallucinogen, Path analysis (statistics), Cognitive psychology, Clinical psychology, MEDLINE, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140125435\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140125435\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1766812542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082501104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135158960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087180323\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484527\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484734\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485012\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401603200\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402930760\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406041741\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410217856\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411355052\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412982879\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416412154\",\"https://openalex.org/W7125277592\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130407917\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130390747\",\"display_name\":\"Oscar Alvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130387358\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130351277\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad I. Husain\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078220787\",\"display_name\":\"Namik Kirlić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-8774\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083653322\",\"display_name\":\"Rasmus Wentzer Licht\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8095-3490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130351075\",\"display_name\":\"Ania Nowakowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130380140\",\"display_name\":\"Tomáš Páleníček\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012350581\",\"display_name\":\"Dimitris Repantis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-6286\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130335987\",\"display_name\":\"Jair C. Soares\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126248386\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130396857\",\"display_name\":\"Ella Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130340802\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091177873\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-3190\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130324729\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Zisook\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121662\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7140125435" }, { "id": 2983, "title": "Psilocybin, Lp(a), CAC, Niere und Darmkrebs - Evidenz-Quickies KW12", "normalized_title": "psilocybin lp a cac niere und darmkrebs evidenz quickies kw12", "authors": "Denis Nößler", "abstract": "Nach einer Pause gibt es heute wieder Evidenz-Quickies, und zwar gleich mehrere, dafür aber kürzer und weniger ausführlich als zuletzt. Und dieses Format ist jetzt zweigeteilt: (a) Für alle, denen die Nachricht genügt, gibt es oben die Quickies in Kürze. (b) Alle, die weiterlesen wollen, finden die detaillierten Fassungen unten. Viel Freude und hoffentlich interessante Lektüre! 🍄 Psilocybin bei Depression: Noch nicht. Die bislang methodisch stärkste randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie (EPIsoDE) verfehlt den primären Endpunkt (≥50% Reduktion auf der Depressionsskala HAMD17) bei therapieresistenter Depression doch recht klar. Sekundärsignale sind nett, aber durch kaputte Verblindung und Erwartungseffekte kaum interpretierbar. Ein paralleles Editorial und ein Review liefern Erklärungen, warum Psychedelika in Studien systematisch besser aussehen, als sie vermutlich sind. Details unten👇 🫀 Lipoprotein(a) + Koronarkalk = Hochrisiko-Duo. Wer beides erhöht hat (Lp(a) >50 mg/dl + CAC ≥300), trägt ein über 6-fach erhöhtes Risiko für atherosklerotische Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen (ASCVD). Die Kombination könnte die Risikostratifizierung bei den Koronarien verändern. Therapeutische Konsequenzen hat das aber noch nicht. Die Arbeit ist eher eine Bestätigung, in welche Richtung der kardiovaskuläre Diskurs gehen dürfte. Details unten👇 ✉️ Briefe helfen (den Nieren) nicht. Ein einmaliger elektronischer Erinnerungsbrief (engl. Nudge) an Patient:innen mit chronischer Nierenerkrankung (CKD) oder an deren Hausärzt:innen verbessert die Leitlinientreue bei der CKD-Therapie nach 6 und 12 Monaten nicht. Awareness ≠ Aktion. Details unten👇 🧻 Positiver Darmkrebs-Stuhltest? Bitte zur Kolo! Wer nach positivem Stuhltest die Koloskopie verweigert, hat ein über 4-fach erhöhtes Darmkrebsrisiko vs. der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Im Umkehrschluss werden durch die Kolo die meisten Befunde der Stuhltests (in der Studie zuerst Guajak-Tests und dann iFOBT) wieder ausgeschlossen. Die Botschaft ist der Arbeit klar, die Methodik der Studie hat aber Lücken. Details unten👇 🚽 Krebsscreening per Abwasser: Eher Durchfall als Durchbruch. Eine Proof-of-Concept-Studie aus Louisville zeigt, dass Darmkrebs-Biomarker (CDH1-RNA) im Abwasser nachweisbar sind. Allerdings nur mit N=12 Proben von einem einzigen Dienstag im Juli. Interessant-irrelevant, starker Interessenkonflikt inklusive. Details unten👇 Und ab hier geht’s in die Details und wird etwas detaillierter … Sie sind im Trend: Magic Mushrooms. Nicht nur auf YouTube, auch auf PubMed. Die halluzinogenen, psilocybinhaltigen Pilze sollen gegen allerhand psychische Leiden helfen, u.a. bei Major-Depression. Ob es was bringt, dazu liefern neue Erkenntnisse Daten einer RCT1 samt Editorial 2 sowie ein paralleler Review 3, frisch in JAMA Psychiatry veröffentlicht. Die methodisch sehr hochwertige randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie aus D hat Psilocybin bei therapieresistenter Depression (TRD) untersucht. Die Signale sind durchaus ermutigend, aber der primäre Endpunkt wurde nicht signifikant verbessert.", "journal": "EvidenzUpdate", "publication_date": "2026-03-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.69156/quick/2026.03.00011", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.69156/quick/2026.03.00011", "keywords": "Gynecology, Philosophy, Humanities, Medicine, Political science, Physics, Primary prevention, Vasodilator agents, Engineering, Psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Medicine, History, and Philosophy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140105589\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140105589\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130378285\",\"display_name\":\"Denis Nößler\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5407056520\",\"source_display_name\":\"EvidenzUpdate\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.69156/quick/2026.03.00011\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Biomarkers,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7140105589" }, { "id": 5, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: Perspective from meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder perspective from meta analysis", "authors": "Taro Kishi, Kenji Sakuma, Masakazu Hatano, Hiroyuki Uchida, Nakao Iwata", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-03-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.121675", "pubmed_id": "41876058", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121675", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Discontinuation, Nausea, Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Confidence interval, Depressive symptoms, Internal medicine, Meta-analysis, Major depressive episode, Incidence (geometry), Perspective (graphical), Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140041737\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7140041737\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390755783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401700752\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405021720\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412073006\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413470543\",\"https://openalex.org/W7117705718\",\"https://openalex.org/W7131868995\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018647067\",\"display_name\":\"Taro Kishi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-2236\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130300985\",\"display_name\":\"Kenji Sakuma\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008425814\",\"display_name\":\"Masakazu Hatano\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-878X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130313963\",\"display_name\":\"Hiroyuki Uchida\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015137967\",\"display_name\":\"Nakao Iwata\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-6076\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121675\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7140041737" }, { "id": 3657, "title": "Precision Phenotyping of Behavioral Risk and Response to Electromagnetic and Psychedelic Therapies", "normalized_title": "precision phenotyping of behavioral risk and response to electromagnetic and psychedelic therapies", "authors": "University of New Mexico", "abstract": "PRE-EMPT will assemble a study group of 150 civilian and Veteran participants from three populations (low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk for self-harm). The investigators will obtain clinical assessments, MRI, and blood levels for circular RNA (circRNA). The teams will then administer three interventions (neurofeedback, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and psilocybin assisted therapy), and repeat the tests above. A team with expertise in artificial intelligence will then use our data to try to find patterns that identify who is at high risk versus low risk with a high degree of accuracy. For U.S. Service Members, deployment and combat exposure can result in significant mental strain, with high rates of disability and suicide. Unfortunately our ability to predict and treat those at high risk of intentional self-harm is limited. PRE-EMPT (Precision Phenotyping of Behavioral Risk and Response to Electromagnetic and Psychedelic Therapies) seeks to transform the assessment and treatment of the spectrum of depression, posttraumatic stress, and self-harm. PRE-EMPT will utilize multimodal neuroimaging, blood-based biomarkers, and predictive analytics to devise highly accurate models of behavioral risk, and to characterize response to three neuroplasticity-enhancing interventions. Background: Rates of suicide have increased 37% since the year 2000 despite concerted governmental and institutional programs to address root causes such as stigma and lack of access. Suicide was the number one cause of active-duty fatality from 2014 to 2019, highlighting the vulnerability of Service Members and Veterans. Suicide is a highly multifactorial event and may be conceptualized as a state in which individuals cannot come up with any other option to endure difficult circumstances or intense feelings, representing failures of cognitive control (CC) and emotion regulation (ER). Similarly, the heritability of suicide risk is well known, and transcriptomics, or the study of transcript molecules such as RNA that regulate gene expression, has potential to reveal mechanisms of risk not fully explained by DNA analysis. Better methods of classifying suicide risk according to objective and measurable factors are needed to proactively identify persons at risk and provide interventions tailored to risk. Research Plan: PRE-EMPT will assemble a cohort of 150 civilian and Veteran participants from three populations (low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk for self-harm). The investigators will obtain baseline clinical assessments, structural and functional MRI utilizing tasks pioneered by our team to assess cognitive control (CC) and emotion regulation (ER), and peripheral circular RNA (circRNA) levels to characterize the molecular brain states associated with behavioral risk. In parallel, investigators will mine publicly available databases to identify network nodes and use deep learning techniques on multivariate patterns of brain activation, structural topography, and functional connectivity. The clinical, imaging, and transcriptomic data will be fused and jointly analyzed to increase the accuracy of risk prediction models. PRE-EMPT in three separate arms will then prospectively assess three promising and innovative interventions for their potential to reduce suicidal ideation and alter activity in key neural networks: 1) neurofeedback (NF) using real-time fMRI with simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG), 2) accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation (aiTBS) with dose optimization through electric field modeling; and 3) psilocybin assisted therapy (PSI), with flexible dosing plan to maximize the depth of psychedelic experience. Assessments will be repeated at post-treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months after intervention. These therapies were chosen based on our team's prior work in all three interventions demonstrating rapid action and large effects. Each clinical arm will contribute independent insights into mediators of efficacy for the specific interventions and risk groups, while pooling data to identify predictors across the risk spectrum. Specific Aim 1: To construct a neurobehavioral model from structural and functional MRI, clinical, and transcriptomic data that accurately predicts behavioral risk. Specific Aim 2: To test three potential rapid-acting therapies for suicidal ideation and identify mechanistic mediators of response.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-19", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07484906", "keywords": "Suicidal Ideation, fMRI Neurofeedback, Accelerated theta burst stimulation, Psilocybin assisted therapy, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07484906\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Observational Study,Veterans,Safety,Transcriptomics", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3582, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Autism: a Pilot Trial With Pre-Post Brain and Cognitive Measurement to Understand Mechanism", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression in autism a pilot trial with pre post brain and cognitive measurement to understand mechanism", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "We propose a first-of-its-kind open-label clinical trial to investigate the feasibility, tolerability, and safety of administering psilocybin in autistic adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this study, 20 participants (intellectually able and fluent-speech adults) with autism and co-occurring TRD will receive around 20 hours of manualized psychotherapy that has previously been used with psilocybin (Agin-Liebes et al., 2020). They will also receive psilocybin at 2 different time points, firstly a safety dose of 10mg, followed by a treatment dose of 25mg. This study design is in accordance with previous studies investigating the use of psilocybin with psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) to treat TRD (Carhart-Harris et al., 2016, 2018) Each participant will begin with a screening visit (V1), during which eligibility will be determined through clinical and psychiatric assessments of the participant's physical and mental health. Following confirmation of eligibility, the study procedures will begin. The participant will begin with a 2-4 week tapering period during which they will taper and discontinue any conventional antidepressants. Most conventional antidepressants will require a minimum 2-week tapering period, with the exception of fluoxetine, which will require a 4-week tapering period. Additional time may be added at the discretion of the study investigator. During the tapering period, there will be weekly check-ins with a study psychiatrist by in-person assessment or brief telephone calls to monitor for worsening depression and suicidality. Following the tapering period, participant eligibility will be re-assessed for the eligibility. At Study Visit 2 (Baseline, V2), participants will complete a series of questionnaires and assessments (Table 2) and preparatory therapy with trained study therapists. The participant will also receive a brain MRI scan lasting for about 45 minutes. At Study Visits 3 \\& 4 (V3/V4), participants will receive oral doses of psilocybin (safety dose of 10 mg at V3, treatment dose of 25 mg at V4), to assess the tolerability and efficacy of psilocybin. These sessions will be held one week apart and will last 6 to 8 hours each. These sessions will take place in a pre-decorated treatment room at CAMH. Throughout the entire duration of the dosing sessions, participants will be monitored by a minimum of two trained therapists. At the end of each session, participants will be evaluated for safety by a study psychiatrist before being discharged. Participants will also rate the 11-Dimension Altered States of Consciousness (11D-ASC) at the end of each dosing day when the subjective effects of psilocybin have subsided to a negligible level. In addition, the participant will also receive a second brain MRI scan lasting for about 30 minutes (V3a) following V3 Safety dosing. To reduce participant burden, MRI scan can be completed on the following day or within 1-3 days following safety dosing (V3). The participants will also be required to complete the self-rated questionnaires at this additional MRI assessment. Visit 5 (V5) will be held one day after administration of the treatment dose (V4). During V5 the participants will complete post-treatment clinical and cognitive assessments, alongside the third and final MRI scan (of the main clinical trial design). Participants will also undergo a 1-hour integration therapy session to debrief their experiences the day before. Visit 6 (V6) will be held one week following the treatment dose (V4). During V6 a second 1-hour integration therapy session takes place and all post-treatment clinical assessments will be repeated. Subsequent clinical progress will be evaluated virtually at V7, V8, V9, which will respectively be held 2, 4, and 12 weeks following the treatment session (V4). 10 participants out of 20 participants in the main clinical trial could opt to receive 7 additional brain MRI scans besides the MRI scans at V2, V3a and V5 required in the main clinical trial. These 7 additional scans will be assessed at V1, in the middle of medication washout/tapering period V6, V7, V8, 8 weeks following the treatment dose (V4), and V9, respectively. At each optional MRI visit, self-rated assessments will also be collected.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-19", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06731621", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Psilocybin, Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06731621\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 221, "title": "Psychedelics and Mental Health in Endurance Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazil.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and mental health in endurance athletes a cross sectional study in brazil", "authors": "Portes MAM, Bertoglio LJ.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) are psychedelic compounds with therapeutic potential for depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. However, their relevance to endurance athletes, who face particular psychological and physical stressors, remains underexplored. This study combines a conceptual overview with cross-sectional survey data from Brazilian endurance athletes. Twenty-eight participants completed a questionnaire addressing mental health, use of supplements, medications, and psychoactive substances, as well as perceptions and attitudes toward psychedelics and psychedelic therapies. The mean age was 37 ± 10 years. Women more frequently reported pharmacological treatment for depression or anxiety. Overall, 64% reported a lack of mental health support in their athletic environments; 11% had prior psychedelic experience, while 79% expressed openness to psychedelic therapies if legal and supervised. However, 61% were unaware of existing evidence for psychedelics in treating mental health conditions. Their potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties were similarly unrecognized and unexpected. Misconceptions were common: 78% believed psychedelics to be addictive. Despite this, attitudes toward their therapeutic potential were generally positive. These findings reveal unmet mental health needs, significant knowledge gaps, and widespread misconceptions among endurance athletes, suggesting the value of targeted, evidence-based education to support informed consideration of psychedelic therapies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-03-19", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2026.2644865", "pubmed_id": "41860795", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2026.2644865", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41860795\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Observational Study,Inflammation", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1974, "title": "PSILOCYBIN AS AN ADJUNCTIVE TREATMENT FOR DEPRESSION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS IN ONCOLOGY: CURRENT EVIDENCE AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as an adjunctive treatment for depression and psychological distress in oncology current evidence and clinical implications", "authors": "Anna Komarczewska, Michał Kociński, Patryk Iglewski, Michał Pietrasz, Jakub Idziński, Anna Lubomska", "abstract": "Depression and psychological distress are highly prevalent among patients with cancer and are associated with impaired quality of life, reduced treatment adherence, and poorer clinical outcomes. Standard pharmacological and psychosocial interventions often demonstrate limited efficacy or delayed onset of action in oncological and palliative settings. Psilocybin-assisted therapy has recently emerged as a potential adjunctive approach for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and existential distress in patients with life-threatening cancer. This narrative review synthesizes current clinical and neurobiological evidence regarding the use of psilocybin as an adjunctive treatment in oncology. Randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and case reports indicate that psilocybin administered within a structured psychotherapeutic framework may produce rapid and sustained reductions in depressive symptoms and anxiety, including improvements in existential well-being. Mechanistic findings suggest involvement of serotonergic 5-HT2A receptor activation, large-scale brain network modulation, and enhanced neuroplasticity. When applied in controlled clinical settings with appropriate screening and psychological support, psilocybin demonstrates a favorable safety profile. Although current evidence is promising, limitations related to sample size and methodological heterogeneity require cautious interpretation. Further well-designed trials are necessary to determine long-term efficacy and optimal integration into comprehensive cancer and palliative care.", "journal": "International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science", "publication_date": "2026-03-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.5034", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.5034", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Distress, Psychosocial, Psychological intervention, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Adjunctive treatment, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Psychopathology, Palliative care, Psychology, Serotonergic, Anxiety, Quality of life (healthcare), Cancer, Intervention (counseling), Clinical study design, Hallucinogen, Symptom relief, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164003040\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7164003040\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309360340\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411787106\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412939048\",\"https://openalex.org/W7118088637\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138214715\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Komarczewska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7378-2607\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117509697\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Kociński\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117509696\",\"display_name\":\"Patryk Iglewski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124479078\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Pietrasz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5138262915\",\"display_name\":\"Jakub Idziński\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1058-9615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121444146\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Lubomska\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210206754\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.5034\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7164003040" }, { "id": 225, "title": "Psilocybin effects on brain functional connectivity: a systematic review of fMRI studies", "normalized_title": "psilocybin effects on brain functional connectivity a systematic review of fmri studies", "authors": "Àlvar Farré-Colomés, Olga Rublinetska, Óscar Soto-Angona", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted therapies are innovative therapeutic approaches, particularly in the treatment of depression. However, there are sparse studies providing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) evidence elucidating the underlying biological mechanisms that support clinical outcomes. This review aims to comprehensively gather all the evidence reported in psilocybin studies using fMRI techniques. Independent extraction of articles was conducted by 2 authors using predefined data fields. 20 unique datasets were identified, with 5 including participants diagnosed with depression. Dropout rates were found to be high, and follow-up scanning timepoints were lacking in most of the studies. Most research has focused on the amygdala, the anterior cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex, as key regions involved in the effects of psilocybin. However, the current literature exhibits inconsistency in methods and designs. Further research is necessary to better define psilocybin’s impact on the human brain and its potential to enhance psychotherapy outcomes.", "journal": "Discover Mental Health", "publication_date": "2026-03-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s44192-026-00384-w", "pubmed_id": "41854988", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44192-026-00384-w", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Neuroscience, Anterior cingulate cortex, Psychology, Prefrontal cortex, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, Functional imaging, Functional Brain Imaging, Neuroimaging, Default mode network, Dropout (neural networks), Medicine, Human studies, Cingulate cortex, Data extraction, Human brain, Brain activity and meditation, Magnetic resonance imaging, Cognitive psychology, MEDLINE, Clinical Practice, Cognition, Hypnosis, Human research, Functional neuroimaging, Brain mapping, Systematic review, Artifact (error), Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Functional connectivity, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7139105479\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7139105479\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968487444\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976073163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024729467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036970657\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049649543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054749214\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070210519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074146187\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078339393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078530990\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079450984\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085561705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089572795\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095438393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109301184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110247921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112415501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120731293\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122335802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124858522\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131398580\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135286048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137526583\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156285102\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156717193\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166284137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167738136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170596036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2284048615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328645633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2491859250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2546678366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604586582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616273018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791861226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792211781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809286458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886772950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945514479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012417220\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014803974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022903699\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027721867\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039116382\",\"https://openalex.org/W3042526937\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133423628\",\"https://openalex.org/W3143890706\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180355975\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195511726\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196904352\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204569170\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205506305\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226057129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283768889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295750005\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146113\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308485018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310295919\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327977666\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366748155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387105778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388126439\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388776294\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390571971\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392203910\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399528691\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130056745\",\"display_name\":\"Àlvar Farré-Colomés\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104647936\",\"display_name\":\"Olga Rublinetska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103154694\",\"display_name\":\"Óscar Soto-Angona\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0234-4280\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210224676\",\"source_display_name\":\"Discover Mental Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44192-026-00384-w\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Systematic Review,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7139105479" }, { "id": 3641, "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy for Demoralization Syndrome in Patients Diagnosed With Advanced Stage Cancer: a Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "safety and efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for demoralization syndrome in patients diagnosed with advanced stage cancer a pilot study", "authors": "Gustavo Vazquez", "abstract": "Demoralization syndrome is frequently present in palliative care and oncology patients. In particular, up to a third of patients diagnosed with cancer will experience demoralization due to their illness. The relevance of demoralization syndrome in oncology is tied to this syndrome's association with other mental health ailments such as depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and quality of life. Unfortunately, so far no pharmacological strategy has been devised for demoralization, and only a few psychotherapeutic approaches have been trialed in this population, though no psychotherapeutic treatments have been tested for demoralization specifically. The new wave of psychedelic research has been showing encouraging results in a broad spectrum of psychiatric diagnosis, including depression and anxiety in patients diagnosed with cancer and other life-threatening diseases. To date, no clinical trials have been published in which the potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics are explored for the treatment of demoralization syndrome. The aim of this open label pilot study is to assess the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a treatment for demoralization syndrome in patients diagnosed with cancer. Fifteen participants between the ages of 18 to 70 years with advanced stage cancer and demoralization syndrome will be enrolled in a treatment program which will include 6 psychotherapeutic sessions and one psilocybin (25 mg) dosing session. Our outcome of interest will be a decrease in demoralization, as measured by the Demoralization Scale at baseline and at the end of the study, and adverse events registration. Other measures of interest include Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Those patients with partial response a month after the psilocybin intervention will be offered the possibility of a second psilocybin 25 mg dosing session.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06818994", "keywords": "Demoralization, Safety, Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06818994\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3540, "title": "Evaluating the Role of Psilocybin Monitors in Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "evaluating the role of psilocybin monitors in psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression a pilot randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychological support in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of psilocybin monitors on the effects of psilocybin therapy in adults with treatment resistant depression. Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychological support in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of psilocybin monitors on the effects of psilocybin therapy in adults with treatment resistant depression.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07211438", "keywords": "Treatment-Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07211438\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 133, "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin in Treatment-Resistant Major Depression", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression", "authors": "Lea J. Mertens, Michael Koslowski, Felix Betzler, Manuela Brand, Ricarda Evens, Laura Kärtner, Andrea Jungaberle, Henrik Jungaberle, Tomislav Majić, Christian N. Schmitz, Andreas Ströhle, Dennis Scharf, Moritz Spangemacher, Max Wolff, Zahra Assadi, Scharif Bahri, Lilith Becher, Luca V. Färber, Niklas Kirchen, Eugenia Kulakova, Linda C. Kunz, Andy Meijer, Barbara Rohrmoser, Stefan Wellek, Moritz Berger, Gerhard Gründer", "abstract": "Importance: Psilocybin shows promise in treating depression, although limitations of previous research warrant further research. Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of oral psilocybin, 25 mg, with adjunct psychotherapy in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a 2-center, triple-blinded (investigator, participant, rater), phase 2b, active placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Participants were randomized to 4 groups in ratios 2:2:1:1, receiving 2 doses 6 weeks apart (week 0, week 6) as follows: (1) placebo (nicotinamide, 100 mg) then psilocybin, 25 mg; (2) psilocybin, 5 mg, then 25 mg; and (3) psilocybin, 25 mg, then 5 mg or psilocybin, 25 mg, twice embedded in psychotherapeutic sessions. Participants aged 25 to 65 years with TRD and withdrawn from antidepressant medication were recruited predominantly from 2 outpatient settings in Germany. Study data were analyzed from April 2024 to November 2025. Interventions: Oral synthetic psilocybin, 25 mg; psilocybin, 5 mg; or nicotinamide, 100 mg administered with psychotherapeutic sessions. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was treatment response (≥50% reduction on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAMD17]) at week 6 before the second dose. Key secondary end points were response on the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and mean change from baseline on the HAMD17 and BDI-II at week 6. Results: A total of 144 participants (mean [SD] age, 42.6 [10.8] years; 85 male [59.0%]) were randomized, and 142 were included in the primary efficacy analysis: psilocybin, 25 mg (n = 47), psilocybin, 5 mg (n = 48), and nicotinamide (n = 47). Response rates on the primary end point were 17.0% in the group receiving psilocybin, 25 mg; 12.5% in the group receiving psilocybin, 5 mg; and 10.6% in the group receiving nicotinamide. The first hierarchical comparison was nonsignificant (psilocybin, 25 mg vs nicotinamide, adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.73; 95% CI, 0.53-6.23; P =.19; 1-sided α P =.03); consequently, further formal testing was not performed. Analyses of key secondary end points (mean changes from baseline on HAMD17 and BDI-II) provided exploratory evidence of a clinically meaningful effect of psilocybin, 25 mg. Psilocybin, 25 mg, was linked to adverse events, predominantly acutely, and was associated with higher reports of suicidal ideation on dosing days (4% vs 1%-2% in comparator conditions). Two serious adverse reactions were reported after psilocybin, 25 mg, including 1 case of hallucinogen persisting perception disorder. Conclusion and Relevance: In this randomized clinical trial, psilocybin, 25 mg, with adjunct psychotherapy, was associated with a clinically meaningful reduction in depressive symptoms in individuals with TRD, although findings did not show a significant effect on the primary outcome. The treatment was well tolerated by most participants, although safety signals were observed. While overall this constituted an inconclusive trial, these results add to the existing evidence on the potential of psilocybin treatment for depression. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04670081.", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-03-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0132", "pubmed_id": "41848690", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0132", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive disorder, Major depressive episode, Severity of illness, Adverse effect, Young adult, Clinical trial, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138853109\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138853109\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1655045766\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069520581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089799315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098644261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964840460\",\"https://openalex.org/W3058958332\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129586996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379598244\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405029114\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412738512\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045306689\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Koslowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-9875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130062020\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Betzler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051417409\",\"display_name\":\"Manuela Brand\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054444045\",\"display_name\":\"Ricarda Evens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044522468\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Kärtner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016321877\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001710309\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065637165\",\"display_name\":\"Tomislav Majić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2950-6673\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077142042\",\"display_name\":\"Christian N. Schmitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1908-4026\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129883243\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Ströhle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000942578\",\"display_name\":\"Dennis Scharf\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129983509\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129781273\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130191345\",\"display_name\":\"Zahra Assadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067811740\",\"display_name\":\"Scharif Bahri\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090562448\",\"display_name\":\"Lilith Becher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093390890\",\"display_name\":\"Luca V. Färber\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080849074\",\"display_name\":\"Niklas Kirchen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031576236\",\"display_name\":\"Eugenia Kulakova\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-4802\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102613407\",\"display_name\":\"Linda C. Kunz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129846065\",\"display_name\":\"Andy Meijer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093861751\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara Rohrmoser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063934463\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Wellek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-8122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080177315\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Berger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0656-5286\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0132\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7138853109" }, { "id": 132, "title": "Enlightenment in a Pill-Testing the Efficacy of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "enlightenment in a pill testing the efficacy of psilocybin", "authors": "J. Cramer Hudson, Harrison G. Pope", "abstract": "Can a guided psychedelic experience with psilocybin successfully treat refractory depression? In other words, setting aside any simple direct biological drug effect, can psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy1 alleviate suffering via what William James would call a mystical experience?2", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-03-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0070", "pubmed_id": "41848717", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0070", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Aside, Psychology, Mysticism, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Psychoanalysis, Enlightenment, Medicine, Riluzole, Refractory (planetary science), MEDLINE, Drug, Philosophy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138881137\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138881137\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2123682129\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411569755\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952465403\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229920826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387782495\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402992153\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103531255\",\"display_name\":\"J. Cramer Hudson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005998157\",\"display_name\":\"Harrison G. Pope\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1298-6439\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0070\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Spirituality,Mystical Experience", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7138881137" }, { "id": 3604, "title": "Pilot Study of Serotonin 2A Receptor (5-HT2A) Agonist Psilocybin for Depression in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Early Alzheimer's Disease", "normalized_title": "pilot study of serotonin 2a receptor 5 ht2a agonist psilocybin for depression in patients with mild cognitive impairment or early alzheimer s disease", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This open-label pilot study examines whether the hallucinogenic drug, psilocybin, given under supportive conditions, is safe and effective for depression in people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or early Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This study will also assess whether psilocybin may improve quality of life in those individuals. This is a pilot study evaluating the potential efficacy of psilocybin to produce improvement in depression compared to pre-treatment in people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or early Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and clinically significant symptoms of depression. The study will be an open-label trial in a sample of up to 20 treatment-seeking participants with a diagnosis of MCI or early AD. Participants will complete an 8-week course of study treatment including two psilocybin sessions (15 mg/70 kg in week 4 and 15 or 25 mg/70 kg in week 6), with follow-up assessments up to 6 months after the final psilocybin session. The study will assess changes in depressed mood at 1 week after the second psilocybin session compared to pre-treatment, and quality of life in participants from pre- to post-treatment.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04123314", "keywords": "Depressive Symptoms, Depression, Alzheimer Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04123314\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1976, "title": "Explainable AI framework for psilocybin depression treatment optimization", "normalized_title": "explainable ai framework for psilocybin depression treatment optimization", "authors": "Akey Sungheetha, R. Rajesh Sharma, Oluwasegun Julius Aroba, Sheila Mahapatra, P. D. Mahendhiran", "abstract": "Introduction This computational modeling study introduces a novel Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework for optimizing single-dose psilocybin treatment protocols through personalized intervention modeling using publicly available mental health datasets. All results presented are derived from novel simulated data and predictive modeling only, not from real-time clinical implementations or actual patient treatments. Methods The mathematical optimization model integrates digital twin technologies, multimodal depression detection systems, and Bayesian optimization algorithms to create comprehensive computational patient profiles with temporal resolution processing capabilities at 250 Hz sampling frequency. Validation employed three publicly available datasets: (1) the Psilocybin Precision Functional Mapping dataset from OpenNeuro containing neuroimaging data from 7 participants, (2) the MODMA multimodal mental disorder dataset with 53 participants including electroencephalography and audio signals, and (3) a meta-analytic psilocybin therapy outcomes dataset containing aggregated results from 10 clinical trials. The framework incorporates pharmacokinetic modeling with an absorption rate constant of 0.45 per hour and an elimination rate constant of 0.23 per hour, receptor occupancy dynamics based on a dissociation constant of 6.3 nanomolar, and simulated real-time monitoring protocols processing physiological parameters including heart rate variability, blood pressure measurements, and cortisol levels at a 1 Hz frequency. Results The simulated computational model demonstrates significant improvements in prediction accuracy, reaching 94.7%, and therapeutic transparency, achieving 89.3% explainability scores. Simulated validation demonstrates computational precision of 92.8% in predicting treatment response patterns across diverse patient populations in silico. The proposed computational methodology addresses key challenges in psychedelic-assisted therapy modeling through interpretable artificial intelligence models, achieving 96.2% computational safety index scores and 91.5% algorithmic compliance metrics in simulation environments. Energy-efficient computational architecture achieves 73.4% carbon footprint reduction through optimized algorithm design and sparse matrix representations. Discussion This study presents a theoretical computational framework for modeling therapeutic outcomes through simulation and prediction, establishing a foundation for future clinical validation through prospective randomized controlled trials. The framework supports sustainable digital mental healthcare delivery systems compatible with renewable energy infrastructure. All findings represent computational predictions and simulated scenarios requiring extensive clinical validation before any practical application.", "journal": "Frontiers in Computer Science", "publication_date": "2026-03-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3389/fcomp.2025.1652190", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2025.1652190", "keywords": "Computer science, Psilocybin, Artificial intelligence, Computational model, Machine learning, Major depressive disorder, Neuroimaging, Key (lock), Data mining, Data modeling, Computational complexity theory, Modular design, Pattern recognition (psychology), Global optimization, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": 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Sungheetha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129471237\",\"display_name\":\"R. Rajesh Sharma\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061417005\",\"display_name\":\"Oluwasegun Julius Aroba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3693-7255\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045493683\",\"display_name\":\"Sheila Mahapatra\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-0772\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129426571\",\"display_name\":\"P. D. Mahendhiran\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210211086\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Computer Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2025.1652190\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7136253679" }, { "id": 3493, "title": "Psilocybin Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder With Co-occurring Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin treatment of major depressive disorder with co occurring alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to determine whether psilocybin, a hallucinogenic drug, is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and amount of drinking in patients with co-occurring Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). The objectives of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study are to test the hypotheses that a single high (25 mg) oral dose of psilocybin will lead to enduring reductions in depressive symptoms (as measured by the clinician-rated grid version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, or GRID-HAMD) and amount of drinking (as measured using the Time Line Follow Back, or TLFB, procedure) compared to placebo in patients with co-occurring MDD and AUD. 90 male and female volunteers who are between the ages of 21 and 65 years old and who meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for MDD and AUD will be recruited from the community and complete all study procedures. Volunteers will be randomized to one of two study arms (psilocybin \\[N=45\\] or placebo \\[N=45\\]), and will complete a drug administration session paired with a brief Motivational Interviewing intervention for alcohol use. Volunteers will undergo assessments of depression and alcohol use before and after treatment. After primary endpoints are measured, all volunteers will receive a second, unblinded intervention with a single high dose of psilocybin (25 mg) to test a secondary hypothesis that two doses of psilocybin are more effective in treating MDD with co-occurring AUD than a single dose.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04620759", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin, 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, Placebo, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04620759\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3473, "title": "Safety, Feasibility, and Tolerability of Psilocybin Treatment for Individuals With Functional Impairment Related to Mood, Anxiety, Trauma and/or Addiction Symptoms: An Open-label Proof-of-concept Study", "normalized_title": "safety feasibility and tolerability of psilocybin treatment for individuals with functional impairment related to mood anxiety trauma and or addiction symptoms an open label proof of concept study", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "The primary objective of this study is to investigate the safety, feasibility, and tolerability of psilocybin treatment in individuals with functional impairment due to psychiatric symptoms. The secondary objective of this study is to determine whether individuals with functional impairments due to psychiatric symptoms will experience statistically significant symptom reduction and functional improvement from baseline symptom measurements (Visit 3) to 1-week (Visit 7), 4-weeks (Visit 8), and 6-weeks (Visit 9) post dosing. The investigators will recruit individuals with mood, anxiety, trauma, addictive, or related symptomatology, and who have functional impairment associated with these symptoms. A DSM-5 diagnosis is not required (nor is it an exclusion). The investigators will allow for comorbidity and only exclude based on psychological and physiological safety considerations. Critically, this approach will allow us to assess the tolerability of our interventions in individuals who would typically be excluded from efficacy studies due to various comorbid DSM-5 conditions. The investigators will employ an open-label study where participants will be given one dose of oral psilocybin 25mg. The investigators will also have follow-up visits at 1, 4, and 6 weeks and an optional long-term follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months. In this Phase 1b proof-of-concept clinical trial, the investigators aim to investigate the safety, feasibility, and tolerability of treatment of oral psilocybin in participants with functional impairment due to depressive, anxiety, trauma addictive, or other psychiatric symptomatology, allowing for comorbidity and diagnostic complexity to mirror potential real-world clinical scenarios. Secondarily, The investigators will assess improvement in functional status and symptomatology. The investigators will employ an open-label study design, with participants receiving one dose of oral psilocybin. This is an open-label clinical trial with a single treatment arm and no blinding. All participants will receive 25 mg of oral psilocybin. All dosing will be accompanied by non-directive support before, during, and after treatment sessions.The rationale for conducting this study lies in recognizing that the narrow inclusion and exclusion criteria commonly employed in clinical trials may raise issues of external validity. While previous research has predominantly focused on specific diagnostic categories, our study aims to address these limitations by exploring the safety, feasibility, and tolerability of psilocybin in a heterogeneous population. This study also recognizes the importance of symptom-related functional impairment as a cross-cutting construct relevant to all diagnostic categories.This is a Phase 1b open-label clinical trial to determine the feasibility, tolerability and safety of psilocybin to reduce psychiatric symptoms in participants experiencing functional impairment. Participants will receive one dose of oral psilocybin (25mg). Follow-up visits for assessments and measures at 1-week, 4-week, and 6-week post psilocybin dosing. Long-term follow-up visits assessments and measures for participants who consent to long-term follow-up (reassessments of study measures) for 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month post dosing. Psilocybin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) occurs in nature in many species of mushrooms, including the genera Psilocybe, Conocybe, Gymnopilus, Panaeolus, and Strophparia. Its chemical formula is C12H17N2O4P. Psilocybin is a potent agonist at 5-HT2A/C receptors; potency of binding by related compounds to these receptors correlates with human potency as hallucinogens. Psilocybin is currently a Schedule I substance. Psilocybin will be orally administered in this study. Psilocybin will be administered in an opaque, size 2 gelatin capsule with approximately 180 ml of water to be orally ingested at Visit 5. The dose of psilocybin will be 25 mg. Descriptives for all safety measures (e.g., C-SSRS total and subscale scores, vitals, documented adverse events) will be compiled at all assessment intervals. Classification of adverse events will follow institute and regulatory body guidelines. Subsequent summary descriptives may focus on safety indices surrounding the dosing session and 1-week, 4 weeks, and 6-weeks after dosing. In addition, The investigators will perform descriptives and non-parametric analysis screen failure rates (including analysis of ineligibility), drop out rates pre and post dosing to determine feasibility and tolerability.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-10", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06442423", "keywords": "Transdiagnostic, Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Anxiety, PTSD Symptoms, PTSD, Substance Use, Substance Use Disorder (SUD), OCD, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06442423\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3228, "title": "Age moderates the relationship between psychedelics use and mental health in naturalistic settings", "normalized_title": "age moderates the relationship between psychedelics use and mental health in naturalistic settings", "authors": "Gregorio GD, Basset S, Manmohan H, Nixon WC, Pogaku A, Zhou J, Sanderson DJ, Lengieza ML, Bocchio M.", "abstract": "Abstract Depression and anxiety affect one in five adults, with age affecting prevalence. While clinical trials suggest classic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin, LSD) and non-classic psychedelics (e.g., MDMA, ketamine) may alleviate these symptoms, it remains unclear how these relationships function in naturalistic settings or how they vary across the lifespan. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1,088 adults (18-55 + years) to assess how lifetime psychedelic use - categorized as classic, non-classic, or mixed - relates to mental health. Using structural equation modeling, we found that age significantly moderates the relationship between psychedelic use and mental health outcomes. Specifically, classic psychedelic use was linked to lower depression and anxiety among younger adults, but these effects diminished with age - even reversing for anxiety in older participants. These age-related effects persisted independently of drug-use parameters - including dosage, frequency, and recency of use - and were moderated by mystical experiences for depression, but not for anxiety. Our findings suggest that age may be a meaningful moderator of mental health outcomes from psychedelic use. This underscores the potential value of age-stratified research to optimize the efficacy and safety of psychedelic-assisted interventions, including in aging populations.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-03-09", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9022170/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9022170/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1164283\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Longevity,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 237, "title": "The combination of exercise and psychedelics for the treatment of major depressive disorder.", "normalized_title": "the combination of exercise and psychedelics for the treatment of major depressive disorder", "authors": "Fabiano N, Stubbs B, Lawrence DW, Rosenblat JD, Teixeira PJ, Wong S, Zhou C, Carhart-Harris R", "abstract": "Upwards of 50% of people do not respond to the primary treatment modalities for major depressive disorder (MDD), which has led to increased attention and use of alternative methods, including exercise and psychedelics. While interventions using either exercise or psychedelics have demonstrated largely positive results in isolation, their synergistic potential has yet to be explored. As such, this commentary provides an overview of exercise/psychedelics as a treatment for depression and their potential synergy and/or complementarity. From a biological perspective, psychedelics acutely enhance brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signalling, while exercise provides sustained BDNF elevation; psychedelics enhance neuroplasticity largely in the cortex (with only modest effects in the hippocampus), while exercise boosts hippocampal neurogenesis; psychedelics increase glutamate release via stimulation of 5-HT receptors on pyramidal neurons, while exercise enhances glutamatergic transmission via the endocannabinoid system and reduction of systemic inflammation; both boost serotonin release; and psychedelics temporarily disrupt functional connectivity between the hippocampus and default mode network (DMN), while exercise normalizes this connectivity, which may sustain post-psychedelic gains. Through the lens of psychological and behaviour change, psychedelics appear to facilitate the adoption or maintenance of physical activity habits, increase psychological flexibility, and since exercise is associated with emotional resilience to acute stress, this may allow users to experience deeper immersion and exploration during their psychedelic experience, improving antidepressant outcomes. In summary, exercise and psychedelics have numerous potential complementary mechanisms, therefore, future research is warranted to explore the efficacy, tolerability, safety, and neurobiology of this combination.", "journal": "Discover mental health", "publication_date": "2026-03-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s44192-026-00408-5", "pubmed_id": "41793582", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41793582/", "keywords": "Exercise, Depression, Major depressive disorder, Physical activity, Psilocybin, Psychedelic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:34", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41793582\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Resilience,Emotional Processing,Psychological Flexibility,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3016, "title": "Inhibition of cortico-amygdala projections underlies affective bias modification by psilocybin", "normalized_title": "inhibition of cortico amygdala projections underlies affective bias modification by psilocybin", "authors": "Claydon MDB, Hinchcliffe JK, Bartlett J, Golden CT, Thomas CW, Gilmour G, Mellor JR, Bortolotto ZA, Robinson ESJ.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, can produce rapid and enduring antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD)[1, 2], yet the neural mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Negative affective biases are an important neuropsychological mechanism central to the development and perpetuation of MDD[3]. Using a translational rodent model, we previously demonstrated that psilocybin modulates negative affective biases which, we hypothesize, contribute to its antidepressant effects[4]. Here, we identify the prelimbic subregion (PrL) of the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as a key locus for the modulation of affective biases by psilocin, the active metabolite of psilocybin, and reveal a cell-type-specific bidirectional regulation of synaptic transmission. Psilocin selectively suppressed excitatory synaptic input to cortico-amygdala (CA) projection neurons, but enhanced excitatory transmission to other, putatively cortico-cortical, targets. Interestingly, suppression of the excitatory input to CA cells by psilocin, and modulation of affective biases by psilocybin, were both dependent on 5HT 1A and 5HT 2A receptor signaling. Consistent with the long-term therapeutic effects of rapidly acting antidepressants[1, 2, 4, 5], psilocin produced sustained changes to affective biases evident 24 hours after PrL infusion. In parallel, the suppressed excitatory transmission shifted to enhanced inhibitory synaptic input selectively in CA cells. Finally, chemogenetic inhibition of CA neurons in PrL recapitulated both the acute and sustained modulation of negative affective biases by psilocybin, as well as positively biasing new reward memories. Together, these findings identify modulation of the PrL cortico-amygdala circuit as a key substrate for affective bias modification by psilocybin, an effect which could explain its rapid and sustained antidepressant actions.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2026-03-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.64898/2026.03.02.709133", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.02.709133", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1221362\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3616, "title": "A Phase 2b Double-blind, Randomized, Low-dose Comparator-controlled Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of NPX-5 in Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Adjustment Disorder Associated With Cancer.", "normalized_title": "a phase 2b double blind randomized low dose comparator controlled clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of npx 5 in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of adjustment disorder associated with cancer", "authors": "Psyence Australia Pty Ltd", "abstract": "This study is assessing the efficacy and safety of NPX-5 in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of adjustment disorder due to cancer diagnosis. Who is it for? This study is for people who are aged between 18 and 80 years old and suffer from anxiety after adjusting to an acutely stressful event of their cancer diagnosis. This is called adjustment disorder. Study details Participants in this study will be randomly allocated by chance (similar to flipping a coin) to one of three groups: a 25mg NPX-5 dose group, a 10 mg NPX-5 dose group or a 1mg NPX-5 dose group. Participants will be allocated a dose that will be administered during their psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) dosing session. The PAP dosing session will run approximately 8 hours, with NPX-5 administered at Day 14 (dosing day). At Week 10, non-responders that continue to meet the study eligibility criteria may commence an additional PAP cycle (at 25 mg NPX-5). A maximum of 2 PAP cycles may be administered. Long term follow up will comprise of a study visit at 3 months post Week 10 (of the final cycle) to assess safety and tolerability of NPX-5. It is hoped that this research will develop important scientific knowledge that could contribute to the development of a potential new treatment for anxiety and depression after adjusting to an acutely stressful event such as a cancer diagnosis. This is a randomized, double-blind, low-dose comparator-controlled Phase IIb study to investigate the efficacy and safety of PAP with 25 mg, 10 mg and 1 mg \\[low-dose comparator) NPX-5, for the treatment of adjustment disorder symptoms in participants diagnosed with cancer. The referring oncologist will indicate that the participant is physically capable of undergoing psychedelic encounter and is likely to have a minimum life expectancy of 6 months. At least 87 adult participants (age 18 to 80 at screening) with a diagnosis of AjD due to cancer diagnosis will be enrolled in this study. Participants will be randomly assigned with a ratio of 1:1:1 to receive Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy (PAP) with either 25 mg, 10 mg or 1 mg NPX-5. Both the site staff treating participants and the participants themselves will be blinded to the treatments being administered. The study consists of a combination of clinic visits and telehealth phone calls to support this vulnerable participant population. The clinic will have experience with conducting PAP. All study visits be carried out by suitably qualified individuals and wherever possible, the same therapist will meet with study participants for in-person and telehealth appointments. Participants will undertake a screening visit between Day -45 and Day -2 to determine eligibility to participate in the study. Those participants that meet the eligibility criteria will attend the study site on Day 1 when continued eligibility will be assessed and baseline assessments performed. Participants must complete three preparation sessions with the therapist prior to dosing session. Two of these sessions can be completed remotely via telehealth and have flexible timing, provided there is at least one day between each session. One preparation session must be done in person in the dosing room, ideally during a site visit on Day 13. Additionally, at least one preparation session must include the sitter or secondary therapist. The primary therapist has the discretion to include the sitter or secondary therapist in more preparation or integration sessions based on their assessment. The clinic site visits will comprise Day 1, Day 13 (day prior dosing session), Day 14 (dosing session), Day 15 (integration session) and Day 70/Week 10 (follow-up) post-randomization. There will be ± 3 days for a dosing session allowed. Subsequently, all relevant visits will be adjusted accordingly. In addition, participants will be required to attend following telehealth appointments: * Two telehealth appointments for preparatory sessions within 2 weeks prior to dosing session. * One telehealth appointment for integration therapy session in the two weeks following the dosing session. * Follow up telehealth appointments on Day 28 (Week 4), Day 42 (Week 6). * Final study follow-up telehealth appointment at 3 months post the Day 70 (Week 10) visit of the final PAP cycle for final safety assessments. Non responders (for criteria see Section 5.5.2) at Day 70 (Week 10) that continue to meet the study eligibility criteria, may commence an additional PAP cycle (at 25 mg NPX-5). These participants will repeat the schedule described above, including the visit the day prior to dosing session, the actual dosing session, and the integration sessions. A maximum of 2 PAP cycles may be administered.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-03-02", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07072728", "keywords": "Adjustment Disorder, Adjustment Disorder With Anxious Mood, Cancer, Cancer Cachexia, Cancer of Endometrium, Cancer of Kidney, Cancer of Prostate, Cancer of the Breast, Cancer of Stomach, Cancer Melanoma Skin, Cancer Pancreas, Psilocybin therapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07072728\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4074, "title": "THE EFFECT OF PSILOCYBIN AND EUGENOL ON LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE INDUCED INFLAMMATION IN SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE OF MICE", "normalized_title": "the effect of psilocybin and eugenol on lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in small and large intestine of mice", "authors": "Zeinab Asghari, Gregory Robinson, Marta Gerasymchuk, Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani, Timur Zanikov, Yasaman Rastamian, Olga Kovalchuk, Igor Kovalchuk*", "abstract": "Intestinal inflammation is a complex gastrointestinal condition, arising from immune dysfunction, epithelial cell abnormalities, and gut microbiota imbalances. Intestinal inflammation contributes to many pathological conditions, including irritable bowel disease and depression. This study seeks to find the potential anti-inflammatory properties of psilocybin and eugenol in systemic intestinal inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We evaluated the impact of these compounds on inflammatory cytokine levels in intestinal tissues in pre- and post-treatment with LPS. We found that LPS induces inflammation to a greater degree in the large intestinal tissues as compared to the small intestine. We also found that psilocybin was effective in reducing the inflammation in pre- and post-treatment in large intestine, while only effective in post-treatment in small intestine. Eugenol was only effective in reducing inflammation in post-treatment experiments in both tissues. Finally, in the large intestine, different ratios of psilocybin to eugenol (1:10, 1:20 and 1:50) were shown to be effective in reducing inflammation, while only certain ratios worked in the small intestine and were less effective. Our work demonstrates that small and large intestines respond to LPS-induced inflammation in a different manner and that psilocybin and eugenol are more efficient in reducing inflammation in the large intestine and when applied after the induction of inflammation.", "journal": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "publication_date": "2026-02-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.18796594", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18796594", "keywords": "Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharide, Pharmacology, Psilocybin, Small intestine, Mucosal inflammation, Eugenol, Chemistry, Intestinal mucosa, Gastrointestinal tract, Immune system, Immunology, Cytokine, Medicine, Inflammatory bowel disease, Large intestine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131870859\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131870859\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5127349943\",\"display_name\":\"Zeinab Asghari, Gregory Robinson, Marta Gerasymchuk, Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani, Timur Zanikov, Yasaman Rastamian, Olga Kovalchuk, Igor Kovalchuk*\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400562\",\"source_display_name\":\"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18796594\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Animal Study,Microbiome,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7131870859" }, { "id": 227, "title": "Cost-Effectiveness of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy Versus Standard of Care for Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "cost effectiveness of psilocybin assisted therapy versus standard of care for patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Yosr Ziadi, Taehwan Park", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) imposes a substantial public health and economic burden. Although psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has shown clinical promise, its economic value remains uncertain. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PAT compared with the standard of care for TRD. METHODS: A Markov model adopting a US healthcare perspective simulated patient transitions among health states (remission, response, non-response, and relapse) every 6-week cycle. Model inputs were derived from randomized controlled trials and relevant published literature. Outcomes included quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess uncertainty in key parameters, dosing regimens, retreatment strategies, and psilocybin prices. Scenario analyses extended the time horizon to 30 years to examine treatment persistence and efficacy waning. RESULTS: Compared with the standard of care, PAT was more effective and less costly, yielding approximately $7000 in cost savings and a gain of 0.10 QALYs per patient. These economic advantages persisted across variations in key parameters, dosing strategies, retreatment assumptions, and psilocybin prices in sensitivity analyses. Extending the horizon to 30 years in scenario analyses increased cumulative savings to $215 900 with gains of 9.87 QALYs. PAT remained cost-effective under all efficacy-waning assumptions over the 30-year horizon. CONCLUSION: This modeling analysis provides preliminary evidence that PAT may be a cost-effective option for TRD management. Consistent findings across extended time horizons suggest that its economic value is largely driven by early clinical benefits that offset downstream chronic care costs. Longitudinal real-world evidence will be essential to validate these findings and inform sustainable integration into clinical practice.", "journal": "Value in Health Regional Issues", "publication_date": "2026-02-28", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.vhri.2026.101605", "pubmed_id": "41842876", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2026.101605", "keywords": "Medicine, Standard of care, Depression (economics), Offset (computer science), Intensive care medicine, Value (mathematics), Gold standard (test), Chronic depression, Patient care, Chronic care, Psychiatry, Pediatrics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138831903\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138831903\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1978161441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027061717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058805315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107405926\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144458313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154013799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519603001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2557867537\",\"https://openalex.org/W2599051175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2758108308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792698409\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810880335\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3147042728\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206006624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321086517\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387439332\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389477450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403502370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406358153\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130171461\",\"display_name\":\"Yosr Ziadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033768692\",\"display_name\":\"Taehwan Park\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764833115\",\"source_display_name\":\"Value in Health Regional Issues\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2026.101605\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7138831903" }, { "id": 259, "title": "Psychedelics and the Extracellular Matrix: Rewiring Neuroplasticity and Metaplasticity for Next-Generation Psychiatric Therapies.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and the extracellular matrix rewiring neuroplasticity and metaplasticity for next generation psychiatric therapies", "authors": "Zhang J, Lin C, Lv X, Zhao H, Wang X.", "abstract": "Classic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), have emerged as potent modulators of neuroplasticity and metaplasticity in the adult brain, offering novel therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders. Recent findings reveal that beyond their transient psychotropic effects, these compounds activate serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and downstream signaling cascades-including CaMKII (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II), ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin), and BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) pathways-thereby inducing synaptogenesis, dendritic spine remodeling, and transcription of the immediate early genes. Critically, the brain's extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly perineuronal nets (PNNs), has been identified as a central regulator of synaptic stability and a key target of psychedelic action. Psychedelics transiently disrupt ECM integrity by loosening PNNs and reorganizing pericellular scaffolds, a process that reopens developmentally restricted critical periods of plasticity and restores circuit-level flexibility. These ECM-mediated metaplastic effects appear essential to the sustained therapeutic outcomes observed in the clinical studies of psychedelic-assisted therapy for depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, addiction, and potentially neurodegenerative diseases. This article synthesizes current cellular, molecular, and translational evidence highlighting the ECM as a dynamic and permissive substrate through which classic psychedelics exert long-lasting structural and functional brain changes, underscoring its potential as a target for precision interventions in neuropsychiatric care.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-02-27", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.02.011", "pubmed_id": "41765343", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.02.011", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41765343\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4076, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: implications for clinical effectiveness, health economics, and regulatory decision-making", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder implications for clinical effectiveness health economics and regulatory decision making", "authors": "C Faria, Diana Dias da Silva, João José Sousa", "abstract": "Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent and disabling psychiatric condition associated with substantial clinical, social, and economic burden [1,2]. Despite the availability of conventional antidepressants, their limited effectiveness, delayed onset of action, and high relapse rates have renewed interest in innovative therapeutic approaches [3,4,5]. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has emerged as a promising intervention, but its potential integration into national health systems remains uncertain due to regulatory, ethical, and economic constraints [6]. Objective: This scoping review aimed to map and critically appraise the available evidence on efficacy and safety of psilocybin for treatment of MDD in otherwise healthy adults, with a particular focus on its relevance for health economic evaluation and regulatory decision-making. Methods: A scoping literature review was conducted using PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, SciELO databases. Clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses assessing psilocybin’s effects on depressive symptoms in adults diagnosed with MDD were included to comprehensively map existing evidence. Studies addressing secondary depression were excluded from primary analysis. Data extraction focused on study design, population characteristics, intervention protocols, clinical outcomes, safety profiles, and parameters relevant to future pharmacoeconomic modelling. Results: Available evidence suggests psilocybin administration is associated with rapid and clinically meaningful reductions in depressive symptoms, with effects observed shortly after treatment and, in some cases, sustained over time. Compared with rapid-acting antidepressants, such as ketamine, psilocybin appears to present lower risk of dependence and fewer toxic adverse effects [7,8]. However, evidence base is limited by small sample sizes, heterogeneous study designs, and scarcity of trials conducted exclusively in patients with primary MDD, restricting robust comparative and economic analyses. Conclusions: Psilocybin-assisted therapy represents a potentially transformative intervention for MDD. Nevertheless, current evidence remains insufficient to support definitive conclusions regarding its cost-effectiveness, scalability, and regulatory integration within public health systems. These findings highlight need for multidisciplinary research combining clinical evidence, health economics, regulatory science, and ethical analysis to inform evidence-based policy decisions regarding adoption of psychedelic-assisted therapies.", "journal": "Instituto Politécnico do Porto", "publication_date": "2026-02-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.26537/prpaeh.v4i3.7173", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.26537/prpaeh.v4i3.7173", "keywords": "Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Adverse effect, Population, Clinical trial, MEDLINE, Mental health, Depressive symptoms, Intervention (counseling), Cochrane Library, Systematic review, Treatment-resistant depression, Intensive care medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Economic evaluation, Data extraction, Meta-analysis, Population health, Health care, Public health, Scarcity, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166641777\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166641777\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063634882\",\"display_name\":\"C Faria\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139632863\",\"display_name\":\"Diana Dias da Silva\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5139706169\",\"display_name\":\"João José Sousa\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407051319\",\"source_display_name\":\"Instituto Politécnico do Porto\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.26537/prpaeh.v4i3.7173\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166641777" }, { "id": 83, "title": "Psilocybin for psychiatric disorders: History, clinical trials, neuroimaging, and regulations", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for psychiatric disorders history clinical trials neuroimaging and regulations", "authors": "Kengo Yonezawa, M. Hirata, Hiroaki Takano, Keisuke Kusudo, Sota Tomiyama, Lisa Harada, Kota Suzuki, DJ Nutt, H. Uchida, Hideaki Tani", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed interest as a potential treatment for various psychiatric disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of psilocybin's history, recent clinical evidence, ongoing clinical trials, neuroimaging findings, and regulations. Historically used in spiritual and healing rituals, psilocybin was in the early 1970s subjected to strict legal restrictions that stalled research for decades. However, renewed scientific interest began in the 1990s, with studies demonstrating psilocybin's therapeutic potential for psychiatric disorders. Clinical trials have reported therapeutic effects of psilocybin in major depressive disorder (MDD), depressive symptoms associated with life-threatening illnesses, and in some substance use disorders. Moreover, several phase III clinical trials of psilocybin for depression are currently underway, though trial data for obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar depression are limited. Short-term side effects are reportedly generally mild and transient, but long-term effects still need further investigation. Neuroimaging research using magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography is still limited and focuses mainly on MDD. However, ongoing clinical trials include neuroimaging studies for psychiatric disorders beyond MDD, as well as positron emission tomography studies for MDD. Regulatory frameworks vary internationally. While many countries continue to classify psilocybin as a prohibited substance, use of psilocybin under controlled conditions is now permitted in Switzerland, parts of the United States, Canada, and Australia. Despite encouraging data, challenges remain, including the need for larger, blinded trials, standardized protocols, and clarification of long-term efficacy and safety. Psilocybin represents a novel therapeutic approach in psychiatric treatment, warranting further rigorous scientific and regulatory research.", "journal": "Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences", "publication_date": "2026-02-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1111/pcn.70042", "pubmed_id": "41749057", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70042", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroimaging, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Psychology, Functional neuroimaging, Psychotherapist, Bipolar disorder, MEDLINE, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Clinical psychology, Systematic review, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131868995\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131868995\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5127386279\",\"display_name\":\"Kengo Yonezawa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109735297\",\"display_name\":\"M. Hirata\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049484871\",\"display_name\":\"Hiroaki Takano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050308935\",\"display_name\":\"Keisuke Kusudo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111309172\",\"display_name\":\"Sota Tomiyama\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5127280306\",\"display_name\":\"Lisa Harada\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046895954\",\"display_name\":\"Kota Suzuki\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2473-0724\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113762702\",\"display_name\":\"DJ Nutt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121811233\",\"display_name\":\"H. Uchida\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5127390839\",\"display_name\":\"Hideaki Tani\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S111042112\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70042\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Aging,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7131868995" }, { "id": 263, "title": "Pilot study of psilocybin in patients with post-treatment lyme disease", "normalized_title": "pilot study of psilocybin in patients with post treatment lyme disease", "authors": "Albert Garcia-Romeu, Gideon P. Naudé, Alison W. Rebman, Sara So, Abigail Yaffe, Ian Geithner, Erica A. Kozero, Ting Yang, Mark J. Soloski, John N. Aucott", "abstract": "Abstract Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States and Europe. Although antibiotics effectively treat most cases, an estimated 10-20% of patients develop post-treatment Lyme disease (PTLD), a chronic syndrome marked by fatigue, pain, cognitive difficulties, mood disturbance, and reduced quality of life. There are no established treatments for PTLD. The serotonin 2A receptor agonist psychedelic psilocybin has recently shown potential antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in clinical trials as well as preliminary evidence for anti-inflammatory effects in animals. This open-label, single-arm pilot study evaluated the effects of psilocybin in 20 participants with well-characterized PTLD. The 8-week intervention included two psilocybin sessions (15 mg in week 4; 15 or 25 mg in week 6) with psychological support. Participants (11 women, 9 men, mean age 44, median illness duration 5.7 years) showed significant improvements in PTLD symptom burden and quality of life from study enrollment through 1-month following the second dose of psilocybin (primary endpoint), with significant benefits sustained through 6 months. At the 6-month follow-up, general PTLD symptom burden (GSQ-30) was decreased 40% from baseline ( p", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2026-02-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-38091-9", "pubmed_id": "41741501", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-38091-9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Lyme disease, Quality of life (healthcare), Adverse effect, Internal medicine, Antidepressant, Mood, Anxiety, Anxiolytic, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Disease, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Severity of illness, Physical therapy, Fibromyalgia syndrome, Imipramine, Agonist, Cognition, Major depressive disorder, Fibromyalgia, Adjunctive treatment, Mood disorders, Disease burden, Pharmacotherapy, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131357000\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7131357000\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1037524820\",\"https://openalex.org/W1492462112\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951724000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031343230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033138316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042480215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097195468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114242035\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119296895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133866452\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138407894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149111302\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151487996\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2774486220\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904775041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912596989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914765137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993866314\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013737430\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023636576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092438109\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112700248\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153999239\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178904793\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185951996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294631080\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295957096\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307309250\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620578\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378647709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380684709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382776629\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386504040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391036082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391213632\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391678591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392550813\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393183693\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393489617\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395456472\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401757361\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406974730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407252104\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408459373\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409730083\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126750519\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126769775\",\"display_name\":\"Gideon P. Naudé\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126764989\",\"display_name\":\"Alison W. Rebman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040562059\",\"display_name\":\"Sara So\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028103202\",\"display_name\":\"Abigail Yaffe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126767251\",\"display_name\":\"Ian Geithner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051176560\",\"display_name\":\"Erica A. Kozero\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089832424\",\"display_name\":\"Ting Yang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-6939\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059049972\",\"display_name\":\"Mark J. Soloski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082440285\",\"display_name\":\"John N. Aucott\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-0896\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-38091-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7131357000" }, { "id": 136, "title": "Advancing cancer neuroscience through stress modulation: Interdisciplinary potential of psilocybin and ketamine", "normalized_title": "advancing cancer neuroscience through stress modulation interdisciplinary potential of psilocybin and ketamine", "authors": "Alan C. Courtes, Blake Myers, Noah Daly, Greg Jones, Jair C. Soares, Carlos A. Zarate, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira", "abstract": "", "journal": "General Hospital Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-02-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.02.011", "pubmed_id": "41762772", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.02.011", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Anxiety, Cancer, Distress, Medicine, Psychology, Clinical neuroscience, Ketamine, Psychotherapist, Neuroplasticity, Clinical psychology, Translational research, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Cognition, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychopharmacology, Quality of life (healthcare), Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Fight-or-flight response, Bioinformatics, Psycho-oncology, Neurotrophic factors, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Tryptophan and brain disorders, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": 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C. Courtes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126814055\",\"display_name\":\"Blake Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104277272\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Daly\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125773110\",\"display_name\":\"Greg Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126784380\",\"display_name\":\"Jair C. Soares\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126805344\",\"display_name\":\"Carlos A. Zarate\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126786361\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo Machado-Vieira\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S45708651\",\"source_display_name\":\"General Hospital Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.02.011\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7131407394" }, { "id": 3032, "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Microdosing Psilocybin over 8 Weeks for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "safety and efficacy of microdosing psilocybin over 8 weeks for major depressive disorder a randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Petranker R, Farb N, Syed O, Li E, Shore D, Anderson T, Blackman A.", "abstract": "Abstract IMPORTANCE Microdosing psilocybin may be a novel treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). OBJECTIVE Assessing the antidepressant effects and safety of repeated low doses of psilocybin in participants diagnosed with MDD. DESIGN This was a Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING The trial was conducted from July 2022 to December 2024 at two centers: a pediatric clinic and a dedicated psychedelic therapy clinic. PARTICIPANTS were 39 adults aged 27 to 65 years with a diagnosis of MDD and mild to moderate symptom severity. INTERVENTIONS Participants received four weekly doses of placebo or 2 mg psilocybin, followed by four weekly open-label psilocybin doses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome: Patient Health Questionnaire with Self-Directed Assessment Scales (PHQ-9) score from baseline week four. Secondary outcome measures were symptom counts measured by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) symptom count, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS-A-17) from baseline to week four. RESULTS 39 participants (mean age 44.4; 56.4% female) reported similar reductions in PHQ-scores regardless of group assignment after four weeks (psilocybin: mean difference -5.4; placebo: -6.0). Similar trends were observed in the QIDS and SCID-5, but participants in the microdose-first group showed more symptoms reduction than those in the placebo-first group (psilocybin: mean difference -1.2; placebo: -0.1) for the DAS-A-17. Symptom reductions persisted through open-label phase, with no serious treatment-emergent adverse events. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Repeated low doses of psilocybin were safe and well tolerated but did not demonstrate statistically greater efficacy than placebo. Trial participation itself contributed to clinically significant symptom improvement. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05259943", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-02-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8319478/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8319478/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1157780\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1982, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin and Select Pharmaceutical Interactions", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin and select pharmaceutical interactions", "authors": "Jordan McDowell, Jada Middleton, Alanna Bluett, Alisa Kozachenko, Bayan Attar, Yuvraj Singh Saini, Jennifer Burke, Cayden McPhee, Mutahera Mutahera, Talya Ahmed, Nabila Ibrahim, Gilbert Atukwatsibwe, Sulabha Adhikari, Mohammad Esmaili, Jean-Vital Yambayamba", "abstract": "In Canada, the use of both prescription medications and psychedelics has become increasingly prevalent. As of 2022, approximately 16.5% of Canadians-about 6.3 million individuals-were prescribed at least one antidepressant, with fluoxetine remaining one of the most commonly used options (IQVIA, 2023). Benzodiazepine use, including drugs like alprazolam, ranges between 5% to 10% nationwide, with notably higher usage (15-20%) among older adults aged 65 and over (Davies et al., 2017). Psilocybin use, while less common, has shown steady presence in the population; in 2019, years hallucinogens such as psilocybin, LSD, and PCP were used by approximately 2% of Canadians-equating to roughly 587,000 people- and by approximately 6% of young adults aged 20 to 24 (Health Canada, 2023). Based on the statistical overlap between antidepressant and psychedelic users, it is estimated that over 126,000 Canadians may be experiencing interactions between these drug classes, a number that is expected to grow as both psychedelic therapy and recreational use become more culturally accepted. We investigated the chemical, physical, and psychological effects of psilocybin, fluoxetine, and alprazolam and their interactions with each other. In clinical contexts, benzodiazepines like midazolam are sometimes used to manage overwhelming psychedelic experiences, offering a pharmacological baseline for understanding how sedatives may interact with psilocybin. When taken concurrently, fluoxetine appears to attenuate the mind-altering effects typically induced by psilocybin, likely due to its modulation of serotonin receptor activity. This dampening effect suggests a pharmacological counteraction between the two substances. There is little direct research on the interaction between psilocybin and alprazolam, but from what is indicated, they may exhibit small interactive effects. Understanding these interactions may provide insight into more accurate harm-reduction strategies and clinical decision-making.", "journal": "MacEwan University Student eJournal", "publication_date": "2026-02-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.31542/bcek6t76", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31542/bcek6t76", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Fluoxetine, Hallucinogen, Alprazolam, Antidepressant, Pharmacology, Psychology, Medicine, Benzodiazepine, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Drug, Imipramine, Medical prescription, Anhedonia, Psychoactive drug, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Dissociative, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Psychopharmacology, Reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, MDMA, Pharmacotherapy, Clinical trial, Drug interaction, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7130340064\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7130340064\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126318552\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan McDowell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126351271\",\"display_name\":\"Jada Middleton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126343008\",\"display_name\":\"Alanna Bluett\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126303962\",\"display_name\":\"Alisa Kozachenko\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126358342\",\"display_name\":\"Bayan Attar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036720671\",\"display_name\":\"Yuvraj Singh Saini\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126308695\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer Burke\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126300574\",\"display_name\":\"Cayden McPhee\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126302123\",\"display_name\":\"Mutahera Mutahera\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126352736\",\"display_name\":\"Talya Ahmed\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126356990\",\"display_name\":\"Nabila Ibrahim\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126331535\",\"display_name\":\"Gilbert Atukwatsibwe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126327348\",\"display_name\":\"Sulabha Adhikari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126349849\",\"display_name\":\"Mohammad Esmaili\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126341786\",\"display_name\":\"Jean-Vital Yambayamba\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210183763\",\"source_display_name\":\"MacEwan University Student eJournal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31542/bcek6t76\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Older Adults,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7130340064" }, { "id": 154, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psycho-existential distress in advanced cancer: a narrative review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for psycho existential distress in advanced cancer a narrative review", "authors": "Luca Magnani, Luca Ghirotto, Fabio Fesce, Tania Simona Re, Silvia Tanzi, Andrea Amerio, Alessandra Costanza", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: This article presents a narrative review of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a promising intervention for addressing anxiety, depression and psycho-existential distress in patients with advanced cancer. This group of disorders, often resistant to conventional treatments, significantly impacts patients' quality of life and autonomy, as well as illness trajectories. Psilocybin, when administered in high doses within a structured therapeutic framework, seems to alleviate these symptoms safely and effectively, with potential additional benefits on pain and systemic inflammation. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A targeted literature search was conducted across major scientific databases-including PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and Embase-supervised by experts from various relevant disciplines to identify sources of particular importance. RESULTS: The process also led to the acquisition of highly cited scientific works to compose a coherent theoretical framework through which to interpret the evidence initially collected. Emerged key themes include: the complex and treatment-resistant nature of psycho-existential disorders in cancer; the importance of set, setting and peak experiences for psilocybin efficacy, as well as the consequent therapeutic value of integrated approaches that include psychotherapy; and the methodological limitations in more recent experimental trials. The article also identifies palliative care as a uniquely appropriate context for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. CONCLUSION: psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is a compelling therapeutic option warranting further investigation through rigorous, interdisciplinary research to promote an anthropologically/ethically grounded implementation in palliative settings, even beyond the oncology field.", "journal": "BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care", "publication_date": "2026-02-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1136/spcare-2025-005689", "pubmed_id": "41708300", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2025-005689", "keywords": "Psychotherapist, Narrative review, Distress, Psychology, Narrative, Psycho-oncology, Palliative care, Therapeutic relationship, Grounded theory, Psychological distress, Qualitative research, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Systematic review, Psychiatry, Integrative psychotherapy, Life review, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", 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Magnani\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073009759\",\"display_name\":\"Luca Ghirotto\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030515770\",\"display_name\":\"Fabio Fesce\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048350966\",\"display_name\":\"Tania Simona Re\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5532-6110\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013084884\",\"display_name\":\"Silvia Tanzi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-5064\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Andrea Amerio\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3439-340X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126280301\",\"display_name\":\"Alessandra Costanza\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210204300\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2025-005689\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Inflammation", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7130337407" }, { "id": 4900, "title": "Sense-Making Around Psilocybin in UK Women Experiencing Cancer-Related Existential Distress: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis", "normalized_title": "sense making around psilocybin in uk women experiencing cancer related existential distress an interpretative phenomenological analysis", "authors": "Zaynab Khan, Sterre Weaver, Rachael V. Dando, Anne Katrin Schlag, Joanna C. Neill, Verity Wainwright", "abstract": "People with cancer often experience anxiety and depression following a diagnosis and can face barriers to accessing treatment for their mental health. An increasing number of patients are considering alternative approaches to managing their mental health symptoms, such as the psychedelic, psilocybin. A growing number of clinical trials show significant and enduring improvements in mood and quality of life following psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) in this patient group. While the lived experiences of patients undergoing PAT in clinical trials and medical contexts have been explored, the broad decision-making processes, perceptions of societal and self-acceptance of psilocybin, and the impact or otherwise of the legality of psilocybin outside of these settings have not. In this study, qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the attitudes and perceptions of using psilocybin by seven females in the United Kingdom with a current or previous diagnosis of cancer (four who had used psilocybin and three who had considered taking the drug). Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Three group experiential themes were created: (i) somatic healing needs; (ii) outlawing nature: illegality as both a burden and boundary; and (iii) reconnecting self, nature, and mortality. Participants considered psilocybin a much-needed alternative to traditional treatments for the depression and anxiety they experienced in relation to their cancer diagnosis but felt its legal status was a significant barrier to access. As such, a compassionate access scheme here in the United Kingdom could transform the mental health of people with cancer.", "journal": "Qualitative Health Research", "publication_date": "2026-02-16", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/10497323261419338", "pubmed_id": "41700878", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323261419338", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Mental health, Psychology, Anxiety, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Existentialism, Mood, Perception, Quality of life (healthcare), Experiential learning, Mindfulness, Experiential knowledge, Distress, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Experiential avoidance, Somatization, Lived experience, Phenomenology (philosophy), Principle of legality, Cancer, Mental illness, Medicine, Major depressive disorder, Palliative care, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129539813\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129539813\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1821832791\",\"https://openalex.org/W1837710968\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951725399\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997886038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094234993\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102069929\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103322594\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111298903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126756039\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142938285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145853206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170503011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271686467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2562989253\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605759386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2617415523\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801431006\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810002340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886104387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886232664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900600584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2932631983\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940589604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999308291\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021632058\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3119005666\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134036334\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149986569\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182096564\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210162930\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214249462\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205710798\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220950644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311021019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386522609\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389477450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391115210\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392369508\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396230194\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398137313\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401920727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404061126\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410087846\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412792405\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125179250\",\"display_name\":\"Zaynab Khan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083810610\",\"display_name\":\"Sterre Weaver\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125170898\",\"display_name\":\"Rachael V. Dando\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080895600\",\"display_name\":\"Anne Katrin Schlag\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2074-1917\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049098570\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna C. Neill\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-9739\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087422921\",\"display_name\":\"Verity Wainwright\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-250X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S32648145\",\"source_display_name\":\"Qualitative Health Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323261419338\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7129539813" }, { "id": 3520, "title": "Pilot Study of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Demoralization in Patients Receiving Hospice Care - PATH Study", "normalized_title": "pilot study of psilocybin assisted therapy for demoralization in patients receiving hospice care path study", "authors": "Yvan Beaussant, MD, MSci", "abstract": "The overall objective of this study is to develop and pilot test a novel regimen of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for demoralization in patients receiving hospice care. -The name of the study drug involved in this study is Psilocybin The purpose of this research is to understand how psilocybin-assisted therapy may be adapted in the context of hospice care, in order to test its safety in people with terminal illness who experience demoralization, and to study how well it works to lessen symptoms of psychological and existential distress. * This research study involves a combined drug and psychotherapeutic (talk therapy) intervention. The research study procedures include screening for eligibility, and study intervention including preparation, evaluations, one psilocybin session and follow up visits. * The treatment regimen consists of a single administration of psilocybin with a supportive psychotherapy including 2 preparation sessions and 2 integration sessions * The name of the study drug involved in this study is Psilocybin. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic drug produced by more than 200 species of mushrooms, which is manufactured for medical use to control potency and purity. * Participants will be followed for up to 24 weeks (approximately 6 months) after the study treatment. It is expected that about 15 people will take part in this research study. * This research study is a Feasibility Study, which mean it is the first time investigators are examining psilocybin-assisted therapy in the context of hospice care. Psilocybin is an \"Investigational\" drug, meaning that the study drug has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a treatment for any disease. However, the FDA has granted psilocybin the status of \"breakthrough therapy\" in the treatment of depression and the investigators have permission from the FDA to use this drug in this research study.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-16", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04950608", "keywords": "Hospice, Psilocybin, Demoralization, Terminal Illness, Cancer-related Problem/Condition, Psychotherapy, Terminal Cancer, Cancer Terminal, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04950608\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 265, "title": "Rebuttal to “Questioning the recovery of dissociated traumatic memories under psilocybin”", "normalized_title": "rebuttal to questioning the recovery of dissociated traumatic memories under psilocybin", "authors": "Stéphanie Knatz Peck, Timothy D. Brewerton", "abstract": "In our original case report we provide detailed accounts of two research participants who reported the emergence of spontaneously recovered, previously forgotten traumatic memories of sexual assaults during psilocybin treatment. In their commentary of this article, Kangaslampi et al. argue that we preemptively label the experiences as dissociated traumatic memories in the absence of corroborating evidence and consideration of alternative explanations. Here we further address potential therapeutic effects associated with the classification of experiences and provide a rebuttal to the authors' criticisms on our chosen nomenclature.", "journal": "Journal of Eating Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-02-16", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1186/s40337-026-01532-x", "pubmed_id": "41703646", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-026-01532-x", "keywords": "Rebuttal, Traumatic memories, Psychology, Hypnosis, Psychotherapist, Psychoanalysis, Distress, Psychological trauma, Medicine, False memory, Psychiatry, Traumatic grief, Psilocybin, Cognitive psychology, Poison control, Recall, Depression (economics), Emotional distress, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:31", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129385481\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129385481\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2122243039\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128395670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144466706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766318491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890413513\",\"https://openalex.org/W2963759613\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118672806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120730035\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211102005\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281687410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396789594\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408154704\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408989279\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410748059\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416407623\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416769054\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416977442\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011897192\",\"display_name\":\"Stéphanie Knatz Peck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015213864\",\"display_name\":\"Timothy D. Brewerton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9655-3600\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210234357\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Eating Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-026-01532-x\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Case Report,Toxicity", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7129385481" }, { "id": 269, "title": "Microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder: study protocol for a phase II double-blind placebo-controlled randomised partial crossover trial", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder study protocol for a phase ii double blind placebo controlled randomised partial crossover trial", "authors": "Zeina Beidas, Anya Ragnhildstveit, Adam Blackman, Thomas Anderson, Emily C. Fewster, Omer A. Syed, Valentyne Sobolenko, Ismail Kaan Kanca, Magdalena Jaglinska, Tatiana Son, Norman Farb, Rotem Petranker", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting roughly 322 million people. Recently, doses of psilocybin have shown promise in treating mood disorders, sparking interest in other dosing practices. According to anecdotal reports and observational studies, microdosing psilocybin yields benefits to mental health; however, rigorously controlled trials have failed to produce compelling evidence for this. AIMS: To conduct a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised partial crossover trial to compare microdosing psilocybin to placebo for MDD, evaluating its safety, tolerability and preliminary antidepressant effects. METHOD: Forty adults with MDD will be randomised to four doses of psilocybin (2 mg) or placebo (maltodextrin) once weekly over 4 weeks, then four doses of psilocybin (2 mg) once weekly for an additional 4 weeks. The primary efficacy end-point will be change in depression symptoms, as measured at baseline (0 weeks), after the experimental phase (4 weeks), and after the open-label phase (8 weeks). A battery of mood, well-being, attention, creativity, mindfulness and pro-sociality measures will be administered at each time point. Follow-ups will occur every 6 months for up to 2 years after the trial start date, as part of a long-term extension study. RESULTS: The results of the primary outcome of this trial will be published as a manuscript in a peer-reviewed science or medical journal regardless of the magnitude or direction of effect. CONCLUSIONS: Findings will inform future research on microdosing psilocybin for MDD, regarding dose regimens, effect sizes and expectancy bias. Findings will also facilitate discussions on the comparable benefits of sub- versus threshold doses of psilocybin and the therapeutic value of radically altered perception. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05259943.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2026-02-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2025.10968", "pubmed_id": "41693474", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10968", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Protocol (science), Crossover study, Phase (matter), Pharmacology, Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Internal medicine, Depressive symptoms, Phases of clinical research, Anesthesia, Randomized controlled trial, Placebo, Component (thermodynamics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129015437\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129015437\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021482385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043713516\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057468507\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2269974365\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624535799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789213216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944038128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946918750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951080359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971897729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981686921\",\"https://openalex.org/W3002125030\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004910645\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007315114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093109301\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135650175\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136880453\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159653784\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166553838\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200408156\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206388601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210925784\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229753260\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385257581\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391537440\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402554692\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114541934\",\"display_name\":\"Zeina Beidas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006257142\",\"display_name\":\"Anya Ragnhildstveit\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-3428\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008844555\",\"display_name\":\"Adam Blackman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0467-040X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082063863\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Anderson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2387-5219\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093863231\",\"display_name\":\"Emily C. Fewster\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062369777\",\"display_name\":\"Omer A. Syed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-5223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120500161\",\"display_name\":\"Valentyne Sobolenko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9574-4648\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120355300\",\"display_name\":\"Ismail Kaan Kanca\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120403954\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Jaglinska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070812247\",\"display_name\":\"Tatiana Son\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0351-8596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126008050\",\"display_name\":\"Norman Farb\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012017884\",\"display_name\":\"Rotem Petranker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6354-0109\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10968\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Creativity,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7129015437" }, { "id": 47, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder: A pilot trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder a pilot trial", "authors": "Marc J. Weintraub, Jessica Jeffrey, Megan Ichinose, R. Lindsey Bergman, Benjamin Shapiro, Gregory Barnett, Hewa Artin, Marc Lynn, Anabel Salimian, Shelby Grody, Rahul Ramesh, Lauren Eales, Charles S. Grob, David J. Miklowitz", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-02-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.121423", "pubmed_id": "41707717", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121423", "keywords": "Pilot trial, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Randomized controlled trial, Cognitive therapy, Medicine, Behavioral therapy, Depression (economics), Adjunct, Major depressive disorder, Behavioral activation, Clinical psychology, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Cognition, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Depressive symptoms, Clinical trial, Physical therapy, Cognitive restructuring, MEDLINE, Treatment-resistant depression, Adjunctive treatment, Cognitive processing therapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129028447\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7129028447\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017039362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021762104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032556867\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039763524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055628680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096987981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131976593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2522867222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2613258400\",\"https://openalex.org/W2740567311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985188679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3176790550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213423658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281386961\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386469528\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387737676\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390629750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390795044\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402794498\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090933971\",\"display_name\":\"Marc J. Weintraub\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8724-120X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067502721\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica Jeffrey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4334-5626\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031377527\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Ichinose\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-0795\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126111435\",\"display_name\":\"R. Lindsey Bergman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126145689\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Shapiro\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126147730\",\"display_name\":\"Gregory Barnett\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017379615\",\"display_name\":\"Hewa Artin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-4151\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126144150\",\"display_name\":\"Marc Lynn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022184751\",\"display_name\":\"Anabel Salimian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7985-3713\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126109597\",\"display_name\":\"Shelby Grody\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126077377\",\"display_name\":\"Rahul Ramesh\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057826662\",\"display_name\":\"Lauren Eales\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2425-9853\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108513619\",\"display_name\":\"Charles S. Grob\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"David J. Miklowitz\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121423\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7129028447" }, { "id": 3541, "title": "A Phase 1 Translational Study to Assess Brain Activity Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Multiple Doses of MLS101 (Psilocybin) in Healthy Volunteers", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 translational study to assess brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri and to evaluate the safety tolerability and pharmacokinetics of multiple doses of mls101 psilocybin in healthy volunteers", "authors": "MycoMedica Life Sciences PBC", "abstract": "MLS101 is being developed as a low dose psilocybin, that can be administered to treat neurological and psychiatric conditions. The purpose of this trial is to investigate brain activity, safety, tolerability, and PK of multiple doses of MLS101 in healthy participants. In recent years, high-dose psilocybin has gained attention for it potential therapeutic benefit in many psychiatric conditions, however existing clinical data for low psilocybin doses are limited. The multiple-dose regimen proposed in this study is designed to optimize the pharmacology of MLS101 and elucidate whether it provides a longer period of positive effects, which could be used in future studies in chronic indications such as PMDD, obsessive compulsive disorder and opioid use disorder. Translational functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) imaging will confirm the central nervous system (CNS) activity of priming and repeat low-dose psilocybin, which will serve as a computational evaluation of efficacy and complement the cognitive and perceptual scales and questionnaires.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-12", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07050368", "keywords": "Healthy Volunteer, Psilocybin, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07050368\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3704, "title": "Single Dose Psilocybin for a Post-surgical Trauma Inpatient Population for Pain, Mood, and Opioid Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for a post surgical trauma inpatient population for pain mood and opioid use disorder", "authors": "Trent Emerick", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether a single dose of psilocybin is feasible and safe for adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) who are recovering from trauma surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is a single psilocybin dose feasible to administer during postoperative hospitalization? 2. Is psilocybin safe in this patient population? 3. How does psilocybin affect postoperative pain, opioid use, anxiety, and depression after hospital discharge? Participants will: Receive one oral dose of psilocybin during their postoperative inpatient stay Complete assessments of pain, mood, and opioid use during recovery This is an open-label pilot feasibility trial conducted at a single academic medical center. Fourteen participants receive a single oral dose of psilocybin during inpatient hospitalization following trauma surgery. Outcomes in the psilocybin group are compared with a retrospectively identified standard-of-care cohort of 56 trauma surgery patients with opioid use disorder, identified through electronic medical record review. The standard-of-care cohort is selected using propensity score methods based on baseline characteristics, including age, sex, trauma diagnosis, psychiatric comorbidities, baseline medications, comorbid conditions, type of surgery, and baseline opioid consumption measured in morphine milligram equivalents. No interim efficacy analyses are planned. After the first three participants have received psilocybin and completed the one-week follow-up assessments, the Data and Safety Monitoring Board reviews safety data to assess ongoing risk and determine whether study procedures should continue unchanged.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07406828", "keywords": "Pain Management, Postoperative Pain, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), Postoperative analgesia, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07406828\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3624, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Therapy for Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for comorbid major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorder a pilot randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the safety and efficacy of psilocybin assisted Therapy (PAT) in individuals with comorbid Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). The main question it aims to answer is: \\- What is the feasibility and safety of administering PAT in adults with MDD-AUD by evaluating recruitment, retention, tolerability, and safety? Researchers will compare the psilocybin (25 mg) and placebo groups to see if there are any significant differences in frequency of dropouts or serious adverse events. Participants will: * be randomized to receive either psilocybin (25 mg) or placebo * visit the site (in-person and remotely) for a total of 14 times to complete study tasks * receive psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) at five various timepoints", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07405606", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), Psilocybin 25 mg, Placebo, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07405606\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1983, "title": "Low-income group psilocybin assisted therapy for depression: An Oregon feasibility study", "normalized_title": "low income group psilocybin assisted therapy for depression an oregon feasibility study", "authors": "Matthew Hicks, Olivia Hicks, Ryan Bradley, Heather Zwickey", "abstract": "Abstract Background and aims Despite growing popularity and increasing legal access, psychedelic therapy remains financially inaccessible to many. This study was designed to test the feasibility of conducting group psilocybin therapy in low-income adults with depression in Oregon's regulated psilocybin program. Methods An open label, uncontrolled design was used. After a medical screening visit, participants were enrolled in cohorts of six. Each cohort participated in two 90-min preparation sessions conducted online followed by two psilocybin administration sessions one week apart where they consumed dehydrated and homogenized whole mushrooms, Psilocybe cubensis (B+ strain) prepared in a tea. Two days after each psilocybin administration they had an online, 90-min integration session. Results We recruited 26 eligible participants, 20 of whom began treatment and 19 completed. No severe adverse events were reported, and participants rated their satisfaction, on average, as 4.8 out of 5, reporting moderate to high benefit and no harm. Exploratory outcomes include Hamilton Depression scores which demonstrated a significant decrease ( t = 8.24, p < 0.001) in a paired t -test and a strong effect size (Cohen's d = 1.89). For the same time periods all eight domains of the PROMIS-29 were significantly improved on paired t -tests at p", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2026.00485", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00485", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Adverse effect, Depression (economics), Population, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Intervention (counseling), Cohort, Exploratory research, Pilot trial, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Depressive symptoms, Internal medicine, Physical therapy, Placebo, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128687864\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128687864\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1857921554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001002980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014261733\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017152382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793644042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793808927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214531716\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220841869\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292410066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295789857\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309926403\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386828200\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399780176\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405406855\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406240577\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410309291\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102899112\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Hicks\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9974-2228\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125774969\",\"display_name\":\"Olivia Hicks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087562579\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Bradley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8073-3671\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085074956\",\"display_name\":\"Heather Zwickey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1600-401X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2026.00485\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128687864" }, { "id": 275, "title": "Time-Dependent Effects of Rapid-Acting Antidepressants in iPSC-Derived Neurons from Treatment-Resistant Depression and Healthy Volunteers", "normalized_title": "time dependent effects of rapid acting antidepressants in ipsc derived neurons from treatment resistant depression and healthy volunteers", "authors": "Johnston J, Jones G, Peng S, Yuan P, Yavi M, Kadriu B, Henter I, Quintanilla B, Elkahloun AG, Moaddel R, Schulmann A, Akula N, Kvarta M, McMahon F, Zarate C.", "abstract": "Abstract Rapid-acting antidepressants like ketamine and serotonergic psychedelics show promise for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but the molecular mechanisms that contribute to their therapeutic effects remain unclear. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a platform to model human cortical neurons and investigate drug effects in a human-relevant system. Here, iPSCs from individuals with TRD and healthy volunteers (HVs) were differentiated into mature cortical-like neurons and treated for six and 24 hours with agents being investigated as rapid-acting antidepressants, including (2 R,6 R )-hydroxynorketamine (HNK), psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI). Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing assessed global and cell-type-specific transcriptomic responses. Synaptic proteins were evaluated via Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. To validate translational relevance, transcriptomic results were compared to CSF proteomics from ketamine-treated HVs. Despite differing initial pharmacological targets, overall gene expression across all compounds was highly correlated at matched timepoints compared to vehicle control, suggesting shared downstream effects. Both glutamatergic and serotonergic drugs converged on pathways involving inflammation, mTORC1 signaling, and cellular growth. At the single-cell level, HNK showed distinct cell-type specific alterations: upregulation in excitatory neurons and concomitant downregulation of inhibitory neuron populations. Differentially expressed genes from HNK-treated neurons also overlapped with CSF proteomic signatures from ketamine-treated individuals, supporting the model’s translational relevance. This study is the first to assess multiple putative rapid-acting antidepressants in parallel using an iPSC-derived neuron model. Both convergent and drug-specific changes in gene expression and pathway enrichment were observed across diverse compounds, supporting the use of human iPSC-derived neurons in antidepressant drug discovery. Clinical Trial Registry: www.clinical trials.gov, NCT02484456", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8733841/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8733841/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1154314\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Transcriptomics,Proteomics,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 86, "title": "Therapeutic effects of psilocybin in major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring dose effects", "normalized_title": "therapeutic effects of psilocybin in major depressive disorder a systematic review and meta analysis exploring dose effects", "authors": "Ziping He, Yijie Wang, Jie Chen, Junzhe Cheng, Yuxin Feng, Shuliang Niu, J. Yan", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s00406-025-02165-y", "pubmed_id": "41677823", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02165-y", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tolerability, Dosing, Adverse effect, Medicine, Cochrane Library, Clinical trial, Meta-analysis, Major depressive disorder, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Regimen, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Therapeutic effect, MEDLINE, Pharmacology, Systematic review, Treatment-resistant depression, Hallucinogen, Therapeutic index, Internal medicine, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128718542\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128718542\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2094667953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2463496270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905782592\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011986535\",\"https://openalex.org/W3019350884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216258226\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310494020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315436620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319081635\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322719045\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324045013\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391842082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392731282\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400415795\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401774886\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125689977\",\"display_name\":\"Ziping He\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100429817\",\"display_name\":\"Yijie Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6959-8619\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100333011\",\"display_name\":\"Jie Chen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3435-0351\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125770360\",\"display_name\":\"Junzhe Cheng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125702445\",\"display_name\":\"Yuxin Feng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125772117\",\"display_name\":\"Shuliang Niu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124195334\",\"display_name\":\"J. Yan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S105662685\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02165-y\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128718542" }, { "id": 48, "title": "Examining the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy on anhedonia in treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "examining the effects of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy on anhedonia in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Erica Kaczmarek, Nelson B. Rodrigues, Noah Chisamore, Zoe Doyle, Shakila Meshkat, Marc G. Blainey, Ryan M. Brudner, Shaun Ali, Kayla M. Teopiz, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "Anhedonia, a core symptom of depression, is often resistant to conventional treatments and significantly impacts quality of life. This secondary analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) on anhedonia severity in individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Participants (n = 30) with TRD and a primary diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar II Disorder received at least one 25 mg dose of oral psilocybin with psychotherapy as part of a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial (NCT05029466). The primary outcome of the present secondary analysis was changes in anhedonia, measured by the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS). Exploratory analysis examined whether changes in anhedonia were mediated through changes in overall depression severity, measured by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). A mixed ANOVA, adjusted for sex and age, revealed a statistically significant reduction in SHAPS scores following PAP at the 2-week primary endpoint (F(8, 143.48) = 3.43, p = 0.001, n = 29) with clinically significant improvements observed at 3-month and 6-month secondary endpoints. Our findings from this preliminary analysis suggest that PAP may offer a promising intervention for addressing anhedonia in TRD, but further research with larger, placebo-controlled trials are needed to confirm these effects and elucidate potential mediators. This study adds to a growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of PAP.", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-02-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.121385", "pubmed_id": "41690631", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121385", "keywords": "Anhedonia, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Psilocybin, Psychology, Rating scale, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Intervention (counseling), Exploratory analysis, Psychotherapist, Bipolar disorder, Randomized controlled trial, Exploratory research, Medicine, Clinical trial, Interpersonal psychotherapy, Quality of life (healthcare), Adjunctive treatment, Depressive symptoms, Pleasure, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Clinical endpoint, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128743161\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128743161\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W57359236\",\"https://openalex.org/W1943465630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016541117\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065796254\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074669819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095559697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095852687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131991903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148297013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163678685\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891064073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899773876\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907221662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949303212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982296972\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043985951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087462486\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129352024\",\"https://openalex.org/W3144768859\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155867813\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283765980\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297399486\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310295919\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312083915\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393364883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395047210\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395685207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414487013\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nelson B. Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089847178\",\"display_name\":\"Shaun Ali\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120970052\",\"display_name\":\"Kayla M. Teopiz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125763608\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125683879\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121385\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128743161" }, { "id": 3031, "title": "Mystical but Not Challenging Experiences Predict Symptom Improvement After Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant OCD", "normalized_title": "mystical but not challenging experiences predict symptom improvement after psilocybin for treatment resistant ocd", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin treatment has shown promise across a range of psychiatric conditions. Mystical-type experiences during dosing sessions have been shown to predict the clinical effects of psilocybin treatment in depression, anxiety, and addiction. However, no studies have examined whether acute subjective experiences predict treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: Exploratory analyses were conducted using data from participants with treatment-resistant OCD who received psilocybin as part of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and subsequent open-label phase. Twenty-seven participants who received psilocybin (0.25 mg/kg) completed the Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ) and Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) the day following their session. OCD severity was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) at baseline and at 1- and 12-week follow-up. Results: Greater mystical-type experiences during psilocybin were associated with lower OCD symptom severity at 1- and 12-week follow-up, even after controlling for baseline OCD symptom severity and treatment condition. The Mystical subscale demonstrated the strongest and most consistent associations at both time points, while the Space-Time subscale was only associated with lower Y-BOCS at 12 weeks. The Positive Mood and Ineffability subscales were not significantly associated with post-treatment OCD symptom severity after correction for multiple comparisons. Challenging experiences were not significantly associated with post-treatment OCD severity. Conclusions: Mystical experiences - particularly experiences of unity, sacredness, and transcendence - during psilocybin sessions are associated with greater OCD symptom reduction. These findings support attention to experiential quality in psilocybin-assisted therapy and have implications for optimizing treatment through dosing, set, setting, and integration practices.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-02-10", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/d94hb_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"d94hb_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Mystical Experience", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4089, "title": "Activity-Dependent Neural Rewiring by Psilocybin: A Monosynaptic Rabies Virus Tracing Study", "normalized_title": "activity dependent neural rewiring by psilocybin a monosynaptic rabies virus tracing study", "authors": "Zen Revista", "abstract": "Recent advances in neuroscience have revealed unprecedented insights into how psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in magic mushrooms, induces therapeutic neural plasticity. This paper reviews groundbreaking research conducted by Cornell University and the Allen Institute for Brain Science, which employed genetically modified rabies virus for monosynaptic circuit tracing to map brain-wide connectivity changes following psilocybin administration. Using this innovative methodology, researchers discovered that psilocybin triggers network-specific neural rewiring that is activity-dependent and programmable. The study demonstrates that psilocybin strengthens sensory-motor pathways while weakening cortical-cortical feedback loops associated with rumination and depression. Statistical analysis revealed highly significant, non-random patterns of synaptic reorganization (p = 6 × 10⁻⁵), with sensory regions showing up to 10% increases in connectivity and self-referential regions exhibiting up to 15% decreases. Critically, neural activity during the psilocybin window determines which circuits are strengthened or weakened, suggesting therapeutic interventions could be optimized by controlling sensory and cognitive experiences during treatment. These findings provide mechanistic insights into psilocybin’s rapid antidepressant effects and establish a foundation for precision psychedelic therapeutics.", "journal": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "publication_date": "2026-02-05", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.18501514", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18501514", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Biological neural network, Sensory system, Neural activity, Biology, Cognition, Psychology, Antidepressant, Rabies virus, Cognitive science, Nerve net, Lyssavirus, Optogenetics, Tracing, Calcium imaging, Computer science, Cognitive map, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127925138\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127925138\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120933120\",\"display_name\":\"Zen Revista\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400562\",\"source_display_name\":\"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18501514\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7127925138" }, { "id": 3690, "title": "Safety and Psychological Effects of Psilocybin and D-Serine Formulation in Healthy Volunteers", "normalized_title": "safety and psychological effects of psilocybin and d serine formulation in healthy volunteers", "authors": "Hadassah Medical Organization", "abstract": "The goal of this open-label, dose-escalation, prospective study is to evaluate the safety and psychological effects of a Psilocybin and D-Serine formulation in healthy volunteers. The main objectives are: 1. To assess the psychological and physiological effects of psilocybin administered with D-Serine in healthy adults. 2. To determine whether D-Serine modulates or attenuates the psychedelic effects of psilocybin. 3. To evaluate the safety and tolerability of psilocybin and D-Serine co-administration. Study population includes: 10 healthy male or female volunteers aged 25-60 years with no history of psychiatric or major medical disorders and no current evidence of such disorders. The study includes two cohorts. The first cohort of 5 participants will receive 15 mg of Psilocybin and 5 g of D-Serine. Safety data will be collected and submitted in an interim report to the Ethics Committee. If no safety concerns arise, the second cohort will receive an increased dose of 25 mg of Psilocybin and 7 g of D-Serine to help determine the optimal dose for a future Phase IIa clinical trial. This is a first-in-human, Phase I, exploratory clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and initial psychological and physiological responses to a single administration of psilocybin in combination with D-Serine in healthy adult volunteers. The rationale for this combination stems from preclinical evidence indicating that D-Serine, a naturally occurring co-agonist at the NMDA receptor, may attenuate the acute psychedelic effects of psilocybin while preserving its neuroplastic and therapeutic properties. Preclinical studies demonstrated that D-Serine reduced the psilocybin-induced head-twitch response (HTR) in rodent models and enhanced the expression of synaptic plasticity markers (e.g., GAP43, PSD95, SV2A, synaptophysin) across multiple brain regions, with effects sustained up to 12 days post-treatment. These findings suggest that the combination may improve the safety and tolerability of psilocybin, particularly for populations sensitive to its psychoactive effects. The trial will consist of four sequential components: Screening Phase - to assess eligibility. Preparation Phase - to establish therapeutic rapport and baseline assessments. Administration Phase - involving a single oral administration of the investigational combination (psilocybin + D-Serine). Follow-up Phase - including in-person follow-up visits on Day 2, Day 7, Day 28, and Day 84 post-treatment to monitor safety outcomes, subjective responses, and potential delayed effects.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07079930", "keywords": "Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin and D-Serine, Physical Examination, Vital signs, ECG test, Comprehensive Blood Panel, SMAC-20, Complete Blood Count, CBC, Urinalysis, Urine Toxicology Screen, A pregnancy Urine test, Electroencephalogram, EEG, Plasma Amino Acid Levels, Plasma Inflammation Markers, Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Facto, Plasma BDNF, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, MINI, Family Psychiatric History Assessment, FPHA, Beck Depression Inventory, BDI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI, Profile of Mood States, POMS, Subjective Units of Distress Scale, SUDS, Five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness questionnaire, 5D-ASC, Integration, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07079930\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Animal Study,Healthy Volunteers,Safety,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3550, "title": "A Phase 2a, Open-label, Pilot Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Psilocybin (TRP-8802) Administration in Concert With Psychotherapy Among Adult Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Delayed Treatment Control Design", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a open label pilot study to assess the safety and efficacy of oral psilocybin trp 8802 administration in concert with psychotherapy among adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome a randomized delayed treatment control design", "authors": "TRYP Therapeutics", "abstract": "Participants with IBS (all subtypes) and with no exclusionary comorbid psychiatric or medical disorders will be enrolled in the study. This study will involve a randomized waitlist control design to investigate the rapid and sustained effects of TRP-8802 following two experimental sessions in which an oral dose of TRP-8802 is administered to participants with IBS. The study will include clinician and participant ratings of depression and anxiety pre- and post-drug-session, monitor and participant ratings of subjective drug effects during and after each drug session. This study comprises approximately a 28-day screening period (Days 28 to 1). After screening and enrollment, participants will be randomized to an immediate treatment group or a delayed treatment group (\"waitlist control\" condition). Participants in the immediate treatment group will proceed directly into three weeks of baseline and preparation (Days 1 to 18), a 2-dose administration period (Days 22 and 37), integration (Days 23, 30, 38, and 45), the End of Therapy (EOT) visit (Day 52). Participants in the delayed treatment group will wait 8 weeks after enrollment before beginning the study interventions and neuroimaging assessments. As a safety precaution, participants in the delayed treatment group will be assessed weekly via telephone calls or in-person visits during the wait period (i.e., telephone assessments during post-randomization weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7; in-person assessment during post-randomization week 8) to assess suicide risk to determine if intervention is warranted. During week 8, IBS symptoms will also be assessed. At the end of the delay period, all participants in the delayed treatment group will complete the same intervention as the participants in the immediate treatment group. Validated and commonly used assessment tools will be used to evaluate symptoms at baseline and repeatedly after each session. The weekly average of worst daily pain score and weekly stool frequency and consistency for the 7 days immediately prior to EOT visit will be assessed for change from baseline and at the 3-, 6, and 12- month follow-up visits (Days 120, 240, 365).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-02-04", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06206265", "keywords": "Irritable Bowel Syndrome, TRYP-0082, Psychotherapy, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06206265\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 280, "title": "Acute psilocin increased cortical activity in rat", "normalized_title": "acute psilocin increased cortical activity in rat", "authors": "Junhong Liu, Y. Lynn Wang, Ke Xia, Jia-Bin Wu, Danhao Zheng, Aoling Cai, Haitao Yan, Ruibin Su", "abstract": "Psilocin, a naturally occurring hallucinogenic component of magic mushrooms, exerts notable psychoactive effects in both humans and rodents. However, the underlying mechanisms remain not fully understood. Blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a valuable tool in many preclinical and clinical trials for investigating changes of brain activity and functional connectivity (FC) due to its noninvasive nature and widespread availability. However, fMRI effects of psilocin on rats have not been thoroughly explored. This study aimed to explore the impact of psilocin on rats' brain activity by combining BOLD fMRI and immunofluorescence (IF) of EGR1, an immediate early gene (IEG) closely related to depressive symptoms. Ten minutes after psilocin hydrochloride injection (2.0 mg/kg, i.p.), elevated brain activity was detected in the frontal, temporal, and parietal cortex (including the cingulate cortex and retrosplenial cortex), hippocampus, and striatum. Moreover, a region-of-interest (ROI) -wise FC analysis matrix indicated enhanced interconnectivity of several regions, such as the cingulate cortex, dorsal striatum, prelimbic, and limbic regions. Further seed-based analyses revealed increased FC of cingulate cortex with the cortical and striatal areas. In addition to the fMRI observations, acute psilocin led to an increase in the EGR1 level in most cortical and striatal regions, indicating a consistent activation throughout the cortical and striatal areas. In conclusion, the psilocin-induced hyperactive state in rats is congruent to that in humans, and the increased brain activity, enhanced functional connectivity and up-regulation of EGR1 may be responsible for its pharmacological effects.", "journal": "Frontiers in Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2026-02-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2026.1593703", "pubmed_id": "41716660", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2026.1593703", "keywords": "Retrosplenial cortex, Neuroscience, Cingulate cortex, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Cortex (anatomy), Posterior cingulate, Cerebral cortex, Hippocampal formation, Anterior cingulate cortex, Chemistry, Psychology, Premovement neuronal activity, Hippocampus, Infralimbic cortex, Hallucinogen, Limbic system, Brain mapping, Central nervous system, Amygdala, Human brain, Resting state fMRI, Perirhinal cortex, Posterior parietal cortex, Entorhinal cortex, Medicine, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Functional Brain Connectivity Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127681443\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127681443\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W878533373\",\"https://openalex.org/W1218133796\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607671357\",\"https://openalex.org/W1691941589\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970108241\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974316717\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976431827\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986624071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011889986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020778578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024875626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025204726\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032386770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035462451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039169438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050297923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057478907\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061494834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064153375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072522618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075556735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079818797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080962980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083207963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093593858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097983973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2224527671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2234472934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2595255406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623311414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767241173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792211781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886680918\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887016981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914710263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924763228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953062348\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953739743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994882463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3017727512\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093454394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162476260\",\"https://openalex.org/W3187804795\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214570845\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220674386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220838968\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226057129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291170424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309269582\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378084778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407243631\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408783890\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417046154\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125016007\",\"display_name\":\"Junhong Liu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062344658\",\"display_name\":\"Y. Lynn Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0773-1212\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123289603\",\"display_name\":\"Ke Xia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066467728\",\"display_name\":\"Jia-Bin Wu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3784-961X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018493023\",\"display_name\":\"Danhao Zheng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090433356\",\"display_name\":\"Aoling Cai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-1621\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124977098\",\"display_name\":\"Haitao Yan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108315379\",\"display_name\":\"Ruibin Su\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S115201632\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2026.1593703\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7127681443" }, { "id": 1985, "title": "Psilocybin exerts differential effects on social behavior and inflammation in mice in contexts of activity-based anorexia", "normalized_title": "psilocybin exerts differential effects on social behavior and inflammation in mice in contexts of activity based anorexia", "authors": "Sheida Shadani, Erika Greaves, Zane B. Andrews, Claire J. Foldi", "abstract": "Psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, have shown therapeutic potential across several psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anorexia nervosa (AN). These disorders often share social deficits that may be effectively alleviated by psychedelics considering their use has been linked with emotional empathy and enhanced social cognition. However, the mechanisms through which psychedelics alter social behavior are unclear, and mechanistic studies in animal models have largely focused on male subjects. This is problematic for understanding the therapeutic effects relevant for disorders that predominantly affect females, such as AN. Here, we used the activity-based anorexia (ABA) mouse model to characterize their social behavior compared to mice exposed to food restriction (FR), running wheels (RW) or standard housing (Controls) in female mice. Together with these metabolic stressors, we also investigated the effects of psilocybin on the circulating proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is implicated in AN and is suppressed by psychedelics. Psilocybin did not alter sociability in ABA, RW, or FR mice but increased preference for social familiarity (reduced novelty-seeking) in Controls. Novelty-seeking behavior was elevated in both ABA and RW groups, although with distinct social patterns. Psilocybin elevated IL-6 levels in RW mice, which was positively correlated with preference for novelty. No such relationships were found in ABA or FR groups. These findings reveal subtle, context-dependent effects of psilocybin on social behavior and inflammation in female mice, advancing our understanding of how ABA and exercise influence social behavior and inflammatory signaling. They underscore the need to clarify the temporal, neuroplastic, and immune-related mechanisms of psilocybin across sexes and disease models.", "journal": "Psychedelics.", "publication_date": "2026-02-02", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.61373/pp026a.0003", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.61373/pp026a.0003", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anorexia, Anorexia nervosa, Anhedonia, Psychology, Empathy, Hallucinogen, Affect (linguistics), Proinflammatory cytokine, Inflammation, Social relation, Differential effects, Social isolation, Animal model, Social inhibition, Prosocial behavior, Mechanism (biology), Social environment, Social stress, Anxiety, Developmental psychology, Clinical psychology, Social contact, Psychopathology, Social identity approach, Social anxiety, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Social behaviour, Social influence, Cytokine, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": 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Shadani\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045522179\",\"display_name\":\"Erika Greaves\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007604702\",\"display_name\":\"Zane B. Andrews\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9097-7944\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003584852\",\"display_name\":\"Claire J. Foldi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-8242\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404675698\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelics.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.61373/pp026a.0003\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Animal Study,Toxicity,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7127440111" }, { "id": 2984, "title": "Psilocybin wirkt bei therapieresistenter Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin wirkt bei therapieresistenter depression", "authors": "Thomas Müller", "abstract": "", "journal": "DNP - Die Neurologie & Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2026-01-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s15202-025-6636-1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s15202-025-6636-1", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Internal medicine, Disease, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Pharmacology, Anxiety, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:55:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127040761\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127040761\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124693956\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Müller\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387282164\",\"source_display_name\":\"DNP – Die Neurologie & Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15202-025-6636-1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7127040761" }, { "id": 1986, "title": "Attitudes and perceptions of Portuguese mental health professionals on the therapeutic use of psilocybin and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA).", "normalized_title": "attitudes and perceptions of portuguese mental health professionals on the therapeutic use of psilocybin and methylenedioxymethamphetamine mdma", "authors": "Jorge Encantado, Laura C. Carvalho, Pedro Mota, Catarina Cunha, Albert Garcia-Romeu, Matthew W. Johnson, Pedro J. Teixeira", "abstract": "", "journal": "Professional Psychology Research and Practice", "publication_date": "2026-01-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1037/pro0000664", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000664", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Portuguese, Psychology, Mental health, Perception, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Mental health care, Psychotherapist, Health professionals, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Depression (economics), Health care, MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Medical and Pharmaceutic Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128674161\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128674161\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087337686\",\"display_name\":\"Jorge Encantado\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0542-8340\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125756291\",\"display_name\":\"Laura C. Carvalho\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066439336\",\"display_name\":\"Pedro Mota\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-5640\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125535009\",\"display_name\":\"Catarina Cunha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125694531\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125687909\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005728849\",\"display_name\":\"Pedro J. Teixeira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-0527\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S193694675\",\"source_display_name\":\"Professional Psychology Research and Practice\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000664\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128674161" }, { "id": 307, "title": "Ketamine, Psychedelics, and Psychotherapy: Reframing, Redefining, Renaming Treatment Models.", "normalized_title": "ketamine psychedelics and psychotherapy reframing redefining renaming treatment models", "authors": "Swainson J, Brietzke E, Khullar A, McIntyre RS, Soares CN", "abstract": "There has been a renewed interest in the use of various psychedelic agents as potential therapies for multiple psychiatric conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), to name a few. This follows the recent accumulation of evidence for ketamine pharmacotherapy and a rapid proliferation of clinics/programs offering a variety of ketamine based treatments. A quick glance at the existing evidence, however, reveals a confusing scenario for patients, healthcare providers, and regulators. Overall, there are no standard definitions of what constitutes a psychotherapeutic intervention within a psychedelic-based or a ketamine-based treatment. More specifically, studies have not always distinguished between using a well-known, manualized psychotherapy, providing psychoeducation and psychological support, or providing a therapy specifically to integrate the drug experience in psychedelic trials. Also, it is difficult to determine the role of the psychedelic agent as a stand-alone treatment, and the relative importance (if any) of the psychedelic experience for the desired therapeutic effect. In this perspective, we discuss the evolving landscape of psychedelic-based and ketamine-based treatments, highlighting different therapeutic models, their methodologies, and the need for clearer definitions and rigorous clinical trials. The document proposes three new definitions to improve clarity in evaluating the effects of these agents and the role of psychotherapies. We suggest language that will distinguish: (1) when the drug is used for its pharmacologic effects as a stand-alone treatment, without requiring the psychedelic experience or combined psychotherapy; (2) when the treatment requires the acute psychological effects of the drug to assist psychotherapy and (3) When ketamine or a psychedelic agent is used in combination with a structured, manualized psychotherapy that could be implemented even in the absence of these agents. We hope that this new terminology and definitions will help distinguish the various therapeutic roles of these agents (as stand-alone treatments or in combination with psychotherapies), and facilitate study designs, regulatory pathways, and more informed patient care.Plain Language Summary TitleKetamine, Psychedelics, and Psychotherapy: Understanding treatment models to better inform practice.", "journal": "Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2026-01-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/07067437251389090", "pubmed_id": "41148143", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41148143/", "keywords": "MDMA, PTSD, depression, ketamine, nomenclature, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychotherapy, terminology, therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41148143\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 300, "title": "Placebo Effects in the Treatment of Depression-Implications for the Psychedelic Renaissance.", "normalized_title": "placebo effects in the treatment of depression implications for the psychedelic renaissance", "authors": "Ansari M, Elliott SI, Holmes SE, Sanacora G", "abstract": "The development of novel, rapid-acting treatments and the resurgence of interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic-like compounds has stimulated excitement and enthusiasm within the pharmaceutical industry, and provided new hope for millions of individuals suffering with mental illness such as major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. This review summarizes the scope and mechanisms of placebo related effects in depression treatment trials, with a particular focus on their implications for psychedelic-like compounds. We examine how expectancy, therapeutic setting, and trial design interact to shape outcomes and consider emerging approaches for mitigating, measuring, or even harnessing placebo-effects in future research.", "journal": "Neurologic clinics", "publication_date": "2026-01-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.ncl.2025.08.009", "pubmed_id": "41232997", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41232997/", "keywords": "Antidepressant, Ketamine, MDMA, Masking, Placebo, Psilocybin, Psychedelic, Unblinding", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41232997\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 284, "title": "Bioactive compounds from Psilocybe cubensis mycelial cultures with transient anxiolytic effects in mice.", "normalized_title": "bioactive compounds from psilocybe cubensis mycelial cultures with transient anxiolytic effects in mice", "authors": "Kala K, Bederska-Lojewska D, Lazur J, Gasior K, Maslanka A, Szewczyk A, Sulkowska-Ziaja K, Turek J, Szewczyk B, Pilc A, Muszynska B.", "abstract": "The growing percentage of people suffering from drug-resistant depression increases interest in alternative therapies, particularly the usage of psychedelics such as psilocybin. The main source of psilocybin is the Psilocybe cubensis species. Due to the potential therapeutic benefits of psilocybin and the legal restrictions on its possession and use in the form of fungal fruiting bodies, this research work documents an attempt to obtain in vitro P. cubensis mycelium in which psilocybin and other biologically active substances acting on the central nervous system would be present. It was hypothesized that chronic microdosing with whole in vitro - cultured P. cubensis mycelium, containing psilocybin together with other neuroactive secondary metabolites, could exert anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects through their combined action. For this purpose, the anti-anxiety and antidepressant activity of mycelium microdosing in male C57BL/6J mice was investigated. The tail suspension test (TST), novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), locomotor activity (LA), and female urine sniffing test (FUST) were used to examine animal behavior. The chemical analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method. Analysis of the studied extracts showed that psilocybin was present only in the mycelium of the Cambodian strain, at a concentration of 20.78 mg per 100 g dry weight. The experiment showed that mycelium supplementation significantly reduced anxious behavior in mice on day 22 but did not affect locomotor activity, depressive, anxiety-related, or anhedonic behaviors at later stages of the experimental protocol. Although the results suggest the potential of P. cubensis mycelial cultures in anxiety prevention, further studies using higher doses or alternative models are needed to confirm and extend these findings.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2026-01-31", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.26402/jpp.2026.1.07", "pubmed_id": "41931735", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.26402/jpp.2026.1.07", "keywords": "Animals, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Mycelium, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Behavior, Animal, Anxiety, Female, Male, Psilocybe, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41931735\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Microdosing,Animal Study,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1988, "title": "Psilocybin-Induced Neuroplasticity and Sustained Antidepressant Effects", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced neuroplasticity and sustained antidepressant effects", "authors": "Anna Maria Komarczewska, Filip Matusiak, Klaudia Brzoza, Michał Kociński, Patryk Iglewski, Michał Pietrasz", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted interventions have shown rapid reductions in depressive symptoms in controlled clinical settings, raising questions about biological mechanisms supporting durability beyond the acute drug effect. [5,7] Mechanistic accounts increasingly focus on neuroplasticity as a candidate pathway linking transient serotonergic receptor activation to longer-lasting psychological and clinical change. [2,6] To synthesize evidence from the publications regarding (1) antidepressant clinical outcomes after psilocybin-assisted interventions and (2) neuroplasticity-related biological findings that plausibly support sustained improvement. [2,3] Narrative review using only (clinical trials/secondary analyses and mechanistic animal/neuroimaging work). Evidence was summarized qualitatively; no meta-analysis was performed. [2,16] Randomized and open-label clinical studies report rapid symptom reduction and follow-up persistence in major depression and cancer-related depression/anxiety, including six-month outcomes in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) protocols with psychological support. [4,5,7,19] Preclinical work provides convergent evidence of plasticity-relevant change after psilocybin, including structural synaptic remodeling in frontal cortex and hippocampal plasticity-related outcomes in extinction learning paradigms. [3,8] Human neuroimaging work reports changes consistent with altered large-scale brain dynamics after psilocybin and TRD-related mechanistic findings on fMRI. [6,20] Across the uploaded dataset, psilocybin-assisted therapy is associated with rapid antidepressant effects and durability signals in selected samples, while convergent animal and human mechanistic findings support neuroplasticity as a biologically plausible contributor to sustained clinical improvement. [2,3]", "journal": "Quality in Sport", "publication_date": "2026-01-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.12775/qs.2026.51.68216", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2026.51.68216", "keywords": "Neuroplasticity, Antidepressant, Neuroscience, Serotonergic, Neuroimaging, Psychology, Medicine, Psychological intervention, Exposure therapy, Mechanism (biology), Depression (economics), Neuroprotection, Functional neuroimaging, Extinction (optical mineralogy), Fluoxetine, Clinical psychology, Translational research, Major depressive disorder, Quality of life (healthcare), Hippocampal formation, Neuropharmacology, Neuromodulation, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Synaptic plasticity, Preclinical research, Treatment-resistant depression, Homeostatic plasticity, Animal studies, Human studies, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126403964\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126403964\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124486965\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Maria Komarczewska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122198948\",\"display_name\":\"Filip Matusiak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122068243\",\"display_name\":\"Klaudia Brzoza\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117509697\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Kociński\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117509696\",\"display_name\":\"Patryk Iglewski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124479078\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Pietrasz\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210230959\",\"source_display_name\":\"Quality in Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2026.51.68216\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Review Article,Animal Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7126403964" }, { "id": 312, "title": "The Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders: A Narrative Review", "normalized_title": "the use of psilocybin in the treatment of depressive disorders a narrative review", "authors": "Lukasz Siwek, Marta Nowocien, Barbara Balajewicz, Angelika Samborska, Sara Szukalska, Marta Karczewska, Karolina Lichwala, Kamil Wroblewski, Paulina Wróblewska", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a psychoactive chemical compound that exerts its effects through the activation of serotonergic receptors. It occurs naturally in mushrooms of the genus Psilocybe. Despite its potential medical applications, this substance is regarded as a drug with no recognized medical use. Depression constitutes a psychiatric disorder of substantial global burden, affecting millions of individuals worldwide, with epidemiological data indicating a continuing upward trend in its prevalence. It is a complex disease entity that, despite years of research, remains not fully understood and constitutes a significant therapeutic challenge. Its pathogenesis is based on the interaction of biological, environmental, and social factors. It is estimated that by the year 2030, depression will become the leading cause of disability. The concern associated with this projection, together with human curiosity, has formed the foundation of numerous scientific studies conducted in recent years, aimed at identifying a breakthrough therapeutic approach that would expand the range of treatment options available to psychiatrists. The aim of this paper is to present the most recent reports on attempts to use the controversial substance psilocybin in the treatment of depression. Owing to promising research results demonstrating high therapeutic efficacy in comparison with conventional, currently recommended treatments, psilocybin-assisted therapy offers hope for the development of a modern therapeutic approach that provides the expected clinical outcomes, with a proven and more sustained therapeutic effect in treated patients, as well as a minimal number or complete absence of adverse effects.", "journal": "Cureus", "publication_date": "2026-01-30", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.102694", "pubmed_id": "41777966", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.102694", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Narrative review, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Serotonergic, Major depressive disorder, Disease, Hallucinogen, Adverse effect, Psychotherapist, Drug, MEDLINE, Epidemiology, Medical literature, Review article, Therapeutic approach, Life review, Scientific literature, Treatment-resistant depression, Intensive care medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126444817\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126444817\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2075263835\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096796062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111663098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157263173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2739098172\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906621419\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016691047\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048752971\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092036847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112994276\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134734702\",\"https://openalex.org/W3143569728\",\"https://openalex.org/W3145885579\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149684076\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163246247\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205374179\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210631748\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311908682\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317376194\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396517788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396528604\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404236211\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405172984\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410326091\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411071772\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417433550\",\"https://openalex.org/W7124472018\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122377677\",\"display_name\":\"Lukasz Siwek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124502344\",\"display_name\":\"Marta Nowocien\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122328731\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara Balajewicz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122342927\",\"display_name\":\"Angelika Samborska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122372374\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Szukalska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124538565\",\"display_name\":\"Marta Karczewska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122336267\",\"display_name\":\"Karolina Lichwala\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050651558\",\"display_name\":\"Kamil Wroblewski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122304034\",\"display_name\":\"Paulina Wróblewska\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2738950867\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cureus\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.102694\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7126444817" }, { "id": 194, "title": "PSilocybin for psYCHological and existential distress in PALliative care (PSYCHED-PAL): A single arm unblinded clinical trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for psychological and existential distress in palliative care psyched pal a single arm unblinded clinical trial", "authors": "James Downar, Julie Lapenskie, Koby Anderson, Gaelle Parsons, Nadia Polskaia, Genevieve Lalumiere, Peter G. Lawlor", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psychological distress is a common problem near the end of life, for which we lack effective, timely and scalable treatments. No previous study has assessed whether microdose psilocybin can improve symptoms in this population. AIM: To determine whether microdose psilocybin is safe, feasible and potentially efficacious in a palliative setting. DESIGN: Open label, single-arm clinical trial of a 3-week oral psilocybin intervention, starting with 1 mg daily in week 1, increased to 2 mg in week 2 and 3 mg in week 3. CLINICALTRIALS: gov NCT04754061. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Two-center study in Ottawa, Canada of adults with advanced, incurable illness and an estimated prognosis of 1-12 months, experiencing severe psychological distress. RESULTS: We enrolled 20 participants (59% of those screened) between January 2024 and April 2025, of which 17 began and 13/17 (76%) completed the intervention. Participants were 40-84 years old, 53% female, and 82% had cancer. There were no serious adverse events reported, and nine mild or moderate adverse events. Four participants withdrew due to disease progression or poor response. Of the 13 remaining participants, nine (69%) reported a meaningful global improvement (Patient Global Impression of Change ⩾ 5); 8 (62%) reported >50% improvement in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores, 7 (54%) reported >50% improvement in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores and 9 (72%) reported a meaningful improvement in Demoralization Scale II scores. CONCLUSIONS: Microdose psilocybin is a safe, feasible and potentially efficacious treatment for psychological distress in people with advanced illness.", "journal": "Palliative Medicine", "publication_date": "2026-01-29", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/02692163261416269", "pubmed_id": "41617652", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163261416269", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Palliative care, Distress, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, MicroDose, Psychological distress, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Cancer, MEDLINE, Existentialism, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Emotional distress, Anxiety, Grief, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Mental distress, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126258550\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7126258550\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043351212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043418489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053641615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061378977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108265793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125405653\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784340661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809775049\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007315114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008040921\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082721315\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319771072\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402027252\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123687045\",\"display_name\":\"James Downar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035139817\",\"display_name\":\"Julie Lapenskie\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-5685\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014384279\",\"display_name\":\"Koby Anderson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-9533\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009837504\",\"display_name\":\"Gaelle Parsons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124309583\",\"display_name\":\"Nadia Polskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124320286\",\"display_name\":\"Genevieve Lalumiere\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019847718\",\"display_name\":\"Peter G. Lawlor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7319-1395\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S122377002\",\"source_display_name\":\"Palliative Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163261416269\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Microdosing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7126258550" }, { "id": 1989, "title": "PSILOCYBIN IN PSYCHIATRIC PRACTICE AND PSYCHEDELIC-ASSISTED THERAPY FOR TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in psychiatric practice and psychedelic assisted therapy for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Łukasz Deska, Cezary Kosmecki, Dawid Głaz, Natalia Kamińska, Wojciech Sołtys, Magdalena Stolarczyk, Maksymilian Głaz, Mateusz Stronczyński, Aleksandra Jagura-Sukiennik, Julia Wawerska", "abstract": "This manuscript comprehensively reviews psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. It aims to synthesize current understanding regarding its mechanisms, efficacy, safety, costs, and accessibility, comparing it with conventional antidepressant and ketamine treatments. The methodology involved a narrative synthesis of academic literature, drawing from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials identified through targeted database searches. Key findings indicate that psilocybin therapy demonstrates rapid, robust, and sustained antidepressant effects, with high response and remission rates, often after one or two sessions. Its safety profile is generally favorable, with transient and mild adverse events. Mechanistically, psilocybin primarily acts on serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, modulating brain networks and enhancing neuroplasticity. However, significant challenges exist in terms of high costs, limited accessibility due to the intensive therapeutic model, and regulatory hurdles. In conclusion, psilocybin-assisted therapy offers a promising alternative for depression, particularly where standard treatments fail, by providing rapid and durable symptom reduction through unique neurobiological pathways. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment protocols, exploring long-term outcomes, identifying predictors of response, and addressing systemic barriers to accessibility and cost-effectiveness to facilitate its integration into broader mental healthcare.", "journal": "International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science", "publication_date": "2026-01-27", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4711", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4711", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Medicine, Adverse effect, Psychotherapist, Narrative review, Clinical trial, Psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Clinical Practice, Ketamine, MEDLINE, Systematic review, Clinical psychology, Electroconvulsive therapy, Mental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": 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Deska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122670377\",\"display_name\":\"Cezary Kosmecki\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121581785\",\"display_name\":\"Dawid Głaz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124103319\",\"display_name\":\"Natalia Kamińska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057447553\",\"display_name\":\"Wojciech Sołtys\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7052-7058\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124074784\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Stolarczyk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121597028\",\"display_name\":\"Maksymilian Głaz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121545950\",\"display_name\":\"Mateusz Stronczyński\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121599306\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Jagura-Sukiennik\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093377457\",\"display_name\":\"Julia Wawerska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0145-6204\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210206754\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4711\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125929049" }, { "id": 3502, "title": "PSilocybin Microdose for psYCHological and Existential Distress in PALliative Care (PSYCHED-PAL): A Multi-site Phase 3 Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-arm Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin microdose for psychological and existential distress in palliative care psyched pal a multi site phase 3 double blind placebo controlled parallel arm clinical trial", "authors": "Bruyère Health Research Institute.", "abstract": "About 30-50% of patients with advanced illness experience depression, anxiety, or decreased sense of purpose and autonomy. Together, these are called psychological distress. Treatment options such as medication and therapy are available; however, they do not always work and can be time-consuming and expensive. We need treatments that work well, quickly, and can be available to all patients with advanced illness who have psychological distress. Psilocybin, a psychedelic medication (commonly called 'magic mushrooms') works well for improving psychological distress in people with cancer or chronic illness when given in high doses with specific forms of therapy. However, psilocybin has not been well-studied among people with advanced illness, and there are concerns about safety and side effects in people approaching the end of life. However, reports on psilocybin microdosing, which involves taking small doses that do not cause hallucinations and do not require therapy, suggest that this may be effective, safer, and more acceptable for people with advanced illness. We recently completed a small study of psilocybin microdosing. Our results showed psilocybin microdose improved psychological distress in most participants with advanced illness, without serious side effects. Our next step is to do a randomized clinical trial where some patients receive psilocybin microdose and some receive placebo (a drug that contains no medicinal ingredients). By comparing these two groups, we can remove the possibility that improvements in symptoms are only because patients thought they were getting treatment. We will enroll 120 patients from inpatient, outpatient, and community care settings across seven sites. Participants in the microdose psilocybin group will receive 2 or 3 mg of psilocybin daily, 4 days per week, for two consecutive weeks. The placebo group will receive placebo with the same treatment schedule. All participants will be offered microdose psilocybin after 2-week follow-up. If this study is successful, we have the potential to change how psychological distress is managed in patients with advanced illness. Patients with advanced illness report feeling a sense of hopelessness, loss of autonomy and relationships, and a lack of purpose in life. These feelings of psychological suffering have been described as \"existential distress\" and are associated with poor outcomes, including decreased medication adherence and quality of life, increased desire for hastened death and rates of suicide, and has been identified as a primary reason why individuals pursue medical assistance in dying (MAiD). Current treatments for psychological and existential suffering have low efficacy and are challenging to use in a palliative context. Pharmacological approaches for treating psychological suffering may reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, but evidence to support their efficacy in palliative care (PC) is underwhelming. Antidepressant and anxiolytic medications also take time to work and can cause serious side effects such as falls and confusion, which can be substantial deterrents for patients. Similarly, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have demonstrated psychotherapeutic interventions show limited benefit in a PC population. Further, psychotherapy can be time consuming and slow to work, which is not ideal for patients with limited life expectancy. Given the burden of psychological and existential distress among patients followed by PC providers, there is a need to develop scalable, brief, and rapidly effective therapeutic approaches to reduce this distress. Psychedelic medications offer an innovative, safe, complementary approach to address psychological and existential suffering in patients receiving PC. Studies from the 1950's showed serotonergic hallucinogens (\"psychedelics\") improved depression and anxiety symptoms in cancer patients. However, legislative changes restricted the use of these medications in clinical care and research. Interest in psychedelic medications has been rekindled by two recently published RCTs that studied the use of psilocybin (a mushroom-derived 5HT2A agonist) during a single psychotherapeutic session in cancer patients with anxiety and/or depression. These trials demonstrated rapid, clinically meaningful, and long-lasting reductions in depressed mood and/or anxiety symptoms and improvements in quality of life and death acceptance. Although the exact mechanism by which psilocybin affects mood symptoms is unclear, functional MRI studies of the brain show psilocybin disrupts the functional connectivity between anterior hippocampus (involved in memory and anticipation of future events) and the default mode network (associated with anhedonia and rumination on negative themes). There is also evidence suggesting psilocybin microdosing - taking sub-hallucinogenic doses continuously over longer time periods, rather than a one-time hallucinogenic dose - can improve mood and anxiety. The effects of microdosing, however, have not been rigorously evaluated, particularly in patients with life limiting illness. Results from recent trials are encouraging but knowledge gaps remain. First, studies to date primarily enrolled patients with localized disease who experience different distress than that of patients with advanced disease who are near the end of life. Second, it is unclear if Canadians would find psilocybin an attractive option in the context of MAiD legalization, which provides an alternative option for patients with severe psychological suffering. Third, there is no empirical research on the therapeutic effects of psilocybin microdosing, as most studies have followed macrodosing protocols. While preliminary efficacy of macrodosing has been demonstrated, there are important barriers to administering this therapy in a PC context. Previous trials had slow recruitment rates, suggesting there may be barriers related to the acceptability of psilocybin macrodosing from the perspectives of patients and families. Macrodosing requires the patient to dedicate an entire day to participating in a guided hallucinogenic experience and remain in an acute care setting where they can be closely monitored. It also requires patients to engage in preparatory sessions with monitors and a post-therapy session. In a PC context, this time commitment may not be acceptable or feasible for patients who are nearing the end of life. Macrodosing requires at least two trained moderators to guide the patient through their psychedelic experience and facilitate the pre- and post-dosing sessions. In most PC settings, it is not feasible to have clinicians dedicate two days to a single patient, thus limiting the scalability of this intervention. Anecdotally, concerns about the safety of high-dose psilocybin in the terminally ill, as well as access to psychotherapy, may also be substantial barriers in this population. Moreover, randomized trials of psychedelic medications are methodologically challenging because patients cannot be blinded to having a psychedelic experience. This \"functional unblinding\" was one major reason why the US FDA chose not to approve psychedelic medication for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in August 2024, despite strongly positive trial results. Psilocybin microdosing may be safer and more feasible than psilocybin macrodosing in palliative setting. Psychedelic microdosing involves taking 5-10% of a psychedelic dose of a substance such as psilocybin on a regular basis (daily or several times per week). It does not produce a psychedelic experience, nor does it involve psychotherapy, but large surveys and anecdotal reports suggest that microdosing produces substantial and sustained improvements in mood and anxiety symptoms without any important side effects. By removing the requirement for trained moderators, minimizing the time commitment required of patients, eliminating the hallucinogenic effects of the therapy, and allowing patients to receive treatment either as an inpatient or in the community, microdosing may be a more acceptable option to patients and families and allow psychedelic therapy to be scalable across various PC settings. We have completed a phase 2 dose-finding and proof of concept study for microdosing psilocybin in people with advanced illness receiving PC. Using progressively increasing microdoses of psilocybin over a 3-week period (from 1 mg to 3 mg daily), we found that a large proportion of participants experienced dramatic improvements in their psychological distress, with minimal side effects. This effect was durable after stopping the medication but diminished after 4 weeks. Given the encouraging findings from our phase 2 study, and the potential feasibility, scalability, and safety of psilocybin microdosing for a population with few effective options, proceeding to a phase 3 placebo-controlled trial is warranted. Objectives Primary Objectives: To determine the efficacy of microdose psilocybin for improving psychological distress among patients with advanced illness followed by a palliative care provider. Secondary Objectives: 1. Assess whether microdose psilocybin improves quality of life and desire to die among patients with advanced illness followed by a palliative care provider. 2. Determine the safety of long-term (up to 1 year) use of psilocybin microdose to treat psychological distress among patients with advanced illness followed by a palliative care provider. Open-Label Access and Extension Phase Following the primary study 2-week follow-up completion, all participants will have the option to participate in an open-label access phase. In this phase, participants will be offered open-label psilocybin for two consecutive weeks (same dosing and schedule as the primary study). Two weeks after the access phase has been completed, all participants will have the option to participate in the open-label extension period for up to 1 year. The open-label extension will follow a three-week dosing cycle, where all participants will take psilocybin microdoses for two consecutive weeks, and then no doses on the third week, before starting the cycle again. The open-label and open-label extension phase include safety and primary and secondary outcomes (see Outcome Measures), in line with the primary study protocol. Sample Size We require a sample size of 60 patients per arm (120 patients in total). This assumes a 20% loss to attrition/deterioration and 10% withdrawal (based on our phase 2 study). This sample would have 80% power to detect a change of 0.30 from 30% PGIC response (control) to 60% PGIC response (intervention) at last treatment day, corresponding to an effect size (Cohen's d) of 0.61. Statistical Analysis We will follow an intent-to-treat approach. We will use chi-square tests to compare the proportion of participants in the microdose psilocybin vs. placebo arm with a PGIC score of ≥5 at the last day of treatment and at 2-week follow-up, and to compare the proportion of participants who demonstrate a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in secondary efficacy outcomes. To minimize type I error, a correction will be performed on the multiple secondary endpoint analyses. Safety and feasibility outcomes will be analyzed using descriptive statistics with 95% confidence intervals.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-01-26", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07063862", "keywords": "Psychological Distress, Psilocybin, Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07063862\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4100, "title": "The therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in major depressive disorder: A review of recent clinical and mechanistic evidence", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in major depressive disorder a review of recent clinical and mechanistic evidence", "authors": "Fernando Mora López, Johynny Solís Solís, Ekaterina Daniela Hernández Baker, Olger Herrera Barboza, David Diaz Polo, Daniela Consumi Cordero", "abstract": "This review examines the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for major depressive disorder by integrating findings from clinical trials, meta-analyses, and mechanistic research. A comprehensive literature search across major scientific databases identified empirical studies evaluating psilocybin’s effects on depressive symptomatology, safety, and underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Psilocybin’s primary pharmacological action as a 5-HT2A receptor agonist leads to alterations in brain connectivity, particularly within networks associated with self-referential processing and emotional regulation. These receptor-level effects are accompanied by neuroplastic changes, including enhanced synaptogenesis and functional reorganization, which contribute to the rapid and sustained antidepressant outcomes observed in clinical settings. Neuroimaging studies further support these mechanisms by demonstrating reductions in amygdala activity and modifications within default mode and executive networks following administration. Clinical evidence consistently indicates that psilocybin produces substantial reductions in depressive symptoms, with meta-analyses reporting large effect sizes and durable benefits lasting from several weeks to as long as one year. Randomized controlled trials highlight its rapid onset of action, with remission rates notably higher than those achieved with conventional treatments, including in populations with treatment-resistant depression. Open-label studies reinforce the durability of these effects and emphasize the essential role of psychotherapeutic support in optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Across studies, psilocybin demonstrates a favorable safety profile, with adverse events being mild, transient, and predictable. Despite these promising findings, methodological limitations such as small sample sizes, high heterogeneity, and variability in treatment protocols underscore the need for larger, standardized Phase III trials. Future research should also include direct comparisons with established antidepressants and efforts to identify biomarkers that may guide personalized treatment approaches.", "journal": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "publication_date": "2026-01-25", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.18375715", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18375715", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Neuroimaging, Psychology, Default mode network, Major depressive disorder, Clinical trial, Adverse effect, Amygdala, Clinical psychology, Functional neuroimaging, Neuroscience, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Neuroplasticity, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Depressive symptoms, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, MEDLINE, Disengagement theory, Clinical Practice, Animal studies, Mechanism (biology), Synaptogenesis, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125699554\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125699554\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044911442\",\"display_name\":\"Fernando Mora López\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123855282\",\"display_name\":\"Johynny Solís Solís\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123879550\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Daniela Hernández Baker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123829836\",\"display_name\":\"Olger Herrera Barboza\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123850173\",\"display_name\":\"David Diaz Polo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123876686\",\"display_name\":\"Daniela Consumi Cordero\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400562\",\"source_display_name\":\"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18375715\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125699554" }, { "id": 1991, "title": "The Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of the Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Adults with Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of psilocybin in the treatment of adults with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Rishika Scott, James Smith", "abstract": "Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has been well-researched within scientific literature, although the therapeutic value of psilocybin is not fully understood. The aim of this systematic review is to determine a stable and effective dosage unit to inform health professionals of the benefits of psilocybin, using peer-reviewed literature and meta-analysis. The review will also compare selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) with psychotherapy to draw conclusions and recommendations of psilocybin therapy to improve day-to-day living for affected patients. PubMed and the University of Portsmouth Discovery online database (EBSCOhost) were individually utilised from December 2024 to March 2025. Five open-label studies and 2 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were selected to assess psilocybin efficacy and safety. Appraisal checklists along with search criteria were used to determine eligibility and reliability of these data. The random-effects meta-analyses demonstrated that psilocybin at 25 mg within specific integrated sessions was effective at treating TRD compared to 10 mg and 1 mg by comparing clinical trials between two doses and single doses. Psilocybin at 25 mg was found to significantly reduce patients’ depressive severity compared to the baseline, which was prevalent in the two-dose studies (n = 5) compared to the single-dose studies (n = 2), due to the number of studies produced. The overall evidence suggests that psilocybin is an effective therapeutic for treatment-resistant depression, with a dosage unit of 25 mg administered as a single capsule per dosing session, with one dose per clinical session. Limitations to the evidence and this review have affected the overall results; therefore, more relevant studies are needed.", "journal": "Emerging Minds Journal for Student Research", "publication_date": "2026-01-24", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.59973/emjsr.317", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.59973/emjsr.317", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Dosing, Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Randomized controlled trial, MEDLINE, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, Evidence-based medicine, Major depressive disorder, Therapeutic effect, Systematic review, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125652025\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125652025\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123818412\",\"display_name\":\"Rishika Scott\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123804606\",\"display_name\":\"James Smith\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387290763\",\"source_display_name\":\"Emerging Minds Journal for Student Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.59973/emjsr.317\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125652025" }, { "id": 195, "title": "Methodological moderators of psilocybin-assisted therapy in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "methodological moderators of psilocybin assisted therapy in depression a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Omer A. Syed, Benjamin Tsang, Sean M. Nestor, Nir Lipsman, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, Fahad Alam, Peter Giacobbe", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging intervention for depression. Though several clinical trials report promising results for PAT in treating depression, there remains a need for consensus on optimal methodologies and standardization of PAT protocols. The objective of this review was to assess the efficacy of PAT in treating depressive symptoms and to systematically examine the influence of methodological moderators underlying antidepressant responses. We searched the electronic databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychInfo and Embase for randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) using PAT as a treatment intervention for major depressive disorder. The primary outcomes were standardized mean difference (SMD) of change in depressive symptoms pre- versus post-treatment sessions, and the difference in antidepressant treatment effects among various PAT methodologies in a subgroup analysis. Seven RCTs involving 522 participants were analyzed. The overall random effects model found PAT to have a large and significant antidepressant effect. The subgroup analyses found larger effects, albeit non-significant differences in subgroup heterogeneity, associated with studies that administered psilocybin in bodyweight-adjusted doses and provided longer preparation, dosing, and integration sessions and provided non-manualized psychotherapy. This study presents the first systematic examination of PAT methodologies influencing antidepressant effects and provides preliminary insights for clinicians in designing future PAT protocols for depression.", "journal": "Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews", "publication_date": "2026-01-23", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106573", "pubmed_id": "41587629", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106573", "keywords": "Clinical psychology, Psychology, Antidepressant, Treatment-resistant depression, Meta-analysis, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Intervention (counseling), MEDLINE, Major depressive disorder, Subgroup analysis, Depression (economics), Strictly standardized mean difference, Randomized controlled trial, Psychotherapist, Standardization, Treatment effect, Medicine, Systematic review, Psilocybin, Major depressive episode, Significant difference, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125613611\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125613611\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2032737645\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078501925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104657845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126930838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883296161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947995541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045779896\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146142859\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155064992\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220813054\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225336626\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308952246\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313515381\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322757924\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386917375\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387793665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484734\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390586775\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400240387\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401122737\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412197020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417304665\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062369777\",\"display_name\":\"Omer A. Syed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-5223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082428614\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Tsang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0176-821X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023782543\",\"display_name\":\"Sean M. Nestor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-5027\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067783855\",\"display_name\":\"Nir Lipsman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4820-3056\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121049083\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121502185\",\"display_name\":\"Fahad Alam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103277729\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Giacobbe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6221\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S170052170\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106573\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125613611" }, { "id": 1992, "title": "THE PSYCHEDELIC RENAISSANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PSILOCYBIN AND LSD IN THE TREATMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic renaissance a systematic review of psilocybin and lsd in the treatment of psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Jakub Klepacz, Radosław Swędrak, Marzena Swojnóg, Zuzanna Dobrakowska", "abstract": "The escalating global burden of mental health disorders, coupled with the stagnation of innovation in traditional monoaminergic pharmacotherapy (e.g., SSRIs), has precipitated a critical need for novel therapeutic paradigms. This article presents a comprehensive systematic review of the so-called \"Psychedelic Renaissance,\" focusing on the clinical resurgence of classical serotonergic hallucinogens: psilocybin and Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD). The review adopts an interdisciplinary structure to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and societal implications of these compounds. Firstly, the paper traces the historical evolution of psychedelics from indigenous sacramental use, through the research proliferation of the 1950s, to the prohibitive legislation of the late 20th century. Secondly, it delineates the neurobiological mechanisms of action, specifically 5-HT2A receptor agonism and the disintegration of the Default Mode Network (DMN), which correlates with the alleviation of rigid cognitive patterns in depression and anxiety. Thirdly, the review synthesizes data from contemporary clinical trials demonstrating significant therapeutic potential in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD), end-of-life existential distress, and substance use disorders. Unlike standard pharmacological reviews, this paper also analyzes the distinct psychotherapeutic framework (\"set and setting\"), integration processes, and socio-economic factors, including cost-effectiveness and access equity. The findings suggest that psychedelic-assisted therapy represents a transformative shift from chronic symptom management to rapid, episodic curative interventions, provided that regulatory and ethical challenges are adequately addressed.", "journal": "International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science", "publication_date": "2026-01-22", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4582", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4582", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychiatry, Monoaminergic, Serotonergic, Transformative learning, Medicine, Mental health, Modalities, Clinical trial, Depression (economics), Lysergic acid diethylamide, Cognition, Addiction, Default mode network, Clinical psychology, Transpersonal, Mental illness, Legislation, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127606273\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7127606273\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1144621943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045988021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098923148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552761136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581696375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2607844825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2759174152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911514809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093269897\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214940428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283075222\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294631080\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146113\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124045804\",\"display_name\":\"Jakub Klepacz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123925115\",\"display_name\":\"Radosław Swędrak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125010452\",\"display_name\":\"Marzena Swojnóg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124022275\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Dobrakowska\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210206754\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.1(49).2026.4582\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7127606273" }, { "id": 4106, "title": "Does psilocybin help with mental health conditions?", "normalized_title": "does psilocybin help with mental health conditions", "authors": "Tripdatabase", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy shows potential benefits for mental health conditions such as depression and substance use disorders, though further research is needed to confirm long-term safety and efficacy.", "journal": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "publication_date": "2026-01-21", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.18339283", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18339283", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental health, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Psychology, Substance use, Medicine, Mental health care, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Major depressive disorder, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Mental illness, Health care, Mental health service, Anxiety, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:36", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125428177\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125428177\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123613984\",\"display_name\":\"Tripdatabase\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400562\",\"source_display_name\":\"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18339283\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125428177" }, { "id": 140, "title": "Psilocin mediates long-term synaptic depression in the prelimbic cortex through 5-HT2A receptor-independent mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocin mediates long term synaptic depression in the prelimbic cortex through 5 ht2a receptor independent mechanisms", "authors": "Ana Domi, Erika Lucente, Davide Cadeddu, Niklas Bengtsson, Erik Smedler, Louise Adermark", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound with potential antidepressant effects. Although it has long been used by humans, primarily for recreational purposes, the molecular mechanisms underlying its actions remain incompletely understood. Here, we examined the acute effects of psilocin, the active metabolite of psilocybin, on excitatory neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Slice electrophysiological whole-cell and field potential recordings were conducted in the rat prelimbic cortex during bath application of psilocin. We observed a sex-independent long-term synaptic depression (LTD) of presynaptic origin. This effect was independent of 5-HT2A and metabotropic glutamatergic receptor group 2 and mediated through enhanced GABAergic tone. The effect was partially inhibited by 5-HT1A receptor antagonist and completely blocked in slices pre-treated with the neuronal receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (TrkB) receptor antagonist ANA-12. These findings suggest that psilocin exerts a complex modulatory influence on excitatory neurotransmission in the prelimbic PFC, involving GABAergic and serotonergic interactions, and producing sustained alterations in synaptic activity that persist beyond drug exposure. Psilocin-induced LTD, independent of 5-HT2A receptor activation, may be associated with the reduced prefrontal connectivity reported in humans after psilocin administration and could have implications for cognitive function. • Excitatory neurotransmission in the prelimbic cortex is sex-independent • Psilocin produces sex-independent long-term depression • Psilocin induced LTD is independent on 5-HT2A receptors • GABAergic neurotransmission plays a key role in psilocin-induced LTD • Psilocin-induced LTD depend on TrkB activation", "journal": "Neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-01-20", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2026.110854", "pubmed_id": "41577180", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2026.110854", "keywords": "Neuroscience, Infralimbic cortex, Neurotransmission, Glutamatergic, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Serotonergic, GABAergic, Chemistry, Prefrontal cortex, Metabotropic glutamate receptor, Glutamate receptor, Electrophysiology, Biology, Antidepressant, Neurotransmitter, Long-term depression, Agonist, Synaptic plasticity, Metabotropic receptor, Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5, Monoamine neurotransmitter, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125257065\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125257065\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1861512592\",\"https://openalex.org/W1942616930\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994153884\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998966506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004624418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007405611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008659680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014643576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015011531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017360110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028301849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035632600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074483296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077521744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079092936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083835125\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089436854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093014391\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099762599\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123354702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131236523\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131761257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139656558\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143649581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156868152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168950597\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170596036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2284048615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808867953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2922115974\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947210454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954056751\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981874813\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999478951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081135604\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110733646\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162218953\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184148314\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213463597\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215653006\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252518069\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282931386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297522390\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308486832\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620578\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353070324\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362722045\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381804317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387173612\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388562452\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389670555\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390479297\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392203910\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395063508\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396956515\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402624198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403450928\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412491683\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414845973\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416410579\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091695672\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Domi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2796-2333\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082968596\",\"display_name\":\"Erika Lucente\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4152-9663\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102561566\",\"display_name\":\"Davide Cadeddu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123491161\",\"display_name\":\"Niklas Bengtsson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008190952\",\"display_name\":\"Erik Smedler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-3620\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087618047\",\"display_name\":\"Louise Adermark\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-9908\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S160566677\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2026.110854\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125257065" }, { "id": 141, "title": "Insights into psilocybin use among people with bipolar disorder: A thematic analysis of Reddit posts", "normalized_title": "insights into psilocybin use among people with bipolar disorder a thematic analysis of reddit posts", "authors": "Laura Mills, Susan L. Rossell, Sean Carruthers", "abstract": "Psilocybin has been reported to decrease depression symptoms among individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), but has also been associated with reports of mania, psychosis and increased depression. With increasing recreational use of psilocybin, and the potential for psilocybin to be used as a treatment for depression, a better understanding of the risks and benefits of this psychedelic among individuals with BD is warranted. Individuals have used social media sites like Reddit to share their experiences with psilocybin, providing an opportunity to understand a range of perspectives and experiences. The current study aimed to further explore psilocybin experiences as shared on Reddit, with a focus on posts related to BD. A thematic analysis of Reddit posts and comments was undertaken, with a focus on those identified with search terms, \"bipolar\" AND \"psilocybin\" OR \"mushrooms\". A total of 354 comments with a first-hand psilocybin experience were identified and included in the thematic analysis which revealed four core themes: (1) mania, (2) depression, (3) mixed experiences, and (4) broader perspectives. Psilocybin was reported to have benefits in some comments, including reduced depression symptoms and shifts in perspective about oneself and/or the world. However, reports of increased or new mania and psychosis symptoms were also reported, as well as increased depression. While psilocybin may benefit some individuals with BD, there may be potential for increased mania, psychosis and depression symptoms. Understanding the factors that contribute positive and negative outcomes among individuals with BD will be important in future research.", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-01-19", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2026.121220", "pubmed_id": "41571194", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121220", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Thematic analysis, Psychology, Mania, Psychosis, Bipolar disorder, Psychiatry, Perspective (graphical), Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), Paranoia, Focus group, Psychotic depression, Psychotherapist, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Mental health, Disconnection, Mental illness, Mood, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Bipolar Disorder and Treatment, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124978464\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124978464\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1966185144\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995256288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028825681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220776312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237330839\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249972766\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310598708\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311439362\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324101362\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388014245\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391264477\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392762192\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404345667\",\"https://openalex.org/W4416987269\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123418380\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Mills\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073606057\",\"display_name\":\"Susan L. Rossell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-8252\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046325936\",\"display_name\":\"Sean Carruthers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-3494\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121220\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124978464" }, { "id": 251, "title": "Early response to psilocybin in adults with treatment-resistant depression as a predictor for antidepressant efficacy", "normalized_title": "early response to psilocybin in adults with treatment resistant depression as a predictor for antidepressant efficacy", "authors": "Zoe Doyle, Noah Chisamore, Erica Kaczmarek, Danica E. Johnson, Ryan M. Brudner, Geneva Weiglein, Marc G. Blainey, Jordan Bawks, Jeremy Riva-Cambrin, Rickinder Sethi, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "", "journal": "General Hospital Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2026-01-18", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.01.001", "pubmed_id": "41581334", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.01.001", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Medicine, Psychiatry, Imipramine, Clinical psychology, Paroxetine, Internal medicine, MEDLINE, Major depressive episode, Clinical trial, Major depressive disorder, Depressive symptoms, Young adult, Placebo response, Tricyclic antidepressant, Reuptake inhibitor, Severity of illness, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124833468\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124833468\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286500354\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379598244\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038440185\",\"display_name\":\"Danica E. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-7691\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114681119\",\"display_name\":\"Geneva Weiglein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072595092\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Bawks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927191\",\"display_name\":\"Jeremy Riva-Cambrin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077689458\",\"display_name\":\"Rickinder Sethi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-5859\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123364024\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123357924\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S45708651\",\"source_display_name\":\"General Hospital Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.01.001\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124833468" }, { "id": 1993, "title": "Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for People with Metastatic Cancer with Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: Safety and Efficacy Outcomes of a Phase 1/2 Study", "normalized_title": "group retreat psilocybin therapy for people with metastatic cancer with symptoms of anxiety and depression safety and efficacy outcomes of a phase 1 2 study", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Bonnie A. McGregor, Leslie Lazar Thorn, Kelsey K. Baker, T. Gooley, Mendel Kaelen, Kalin Harvey, John M. Guy, Susanna Myers, Juliana Pérez, Peter Thompson, Lindsay Billingsley, Cheryl Sesnon", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin is a promising therapy for cancer-related distress, but existing individual treatment models are resource intensive. In this study, we designed and tested a group model of psilocybin therapy for people with metastatic cancer and cancer-related anxiety and depression. Method: Eligibility criteria included metastatic cancer, moderate-to-severe symptoms of anxiety or depression without a pre-cancer mental health diagnosis, performance status adequate to attend a 3-day retreat that required self-care, and tapering of antidepressants. Exclusion criteria included enrollment in hospice. The design of the intervention included: two virtual preparatory sessions; a 3-day in-person retreat in a rustic setting that included the third prep session, the psilocybin session, and the first integration session; and two additional virtual integration sessions. Psilocybin was administered in oral capsules at 25 mg. A retreat team of four core facilitators and two backup facilitators conducted a series of eight retreats. The first retreat had five participants. For subsequent retreats, we used the primary safety outcome from each cohort, other safety outcomes, and qualitative feedback to make decisions to increase, decrease, or hold steady the participant number. The primary safety outcome was “unattended episodes of participant distress” during the psilocybin session requiring a backup facilitator. The primary exploratory efficacy outcome was reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: We enrolled 55 participants, of whom 3 withdrew prior to the retreat, leaving a total of 52. Their mean age was 53, and mean duration of living with cancer was 36 months, mean (range 5, 176); anticancer therapy was ongoing for 46 (88%); antidepressants were tapered for 18 (35%). The first retreat cohort had five participants, and the final retreat cohort had eight. For the primary safety outcome, there was not a single episode of unattended participant distress requiring a backup facilitator. The mean baseline at Day −14 (D −14) HADS total score was 17.5 (range 6-28); at D +28, the mean HADS total score was 10.2 (1-30), so the mean decrease in HADS from D −14 to D +28 was 7.3. ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy was safe and well tolerated, and exploratory measures show efficacy that is promising. A group configuration of eight participants with four core facilitators can be safe for future studies with participants with serious medical illness.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2026-01-17", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251413856", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251413856", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Cancer, Mental health, Discontinuation, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Clinical psychology, Intervention (counseling), Adverse effect, Physical therapy, Distress, Randomized controlled trial, Psychological intervention, Exploratory research, Psychology, Clinical trial, Anxiety disorder, Qualitative research, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124682544\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124682544\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1537416593\",\"https://openalex.org/W1564241828\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977733462\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992514016\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058150514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078836440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105258029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128868698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153303099\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2408203670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2430893194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904473517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251745849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366448658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396720923\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402354248\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409687565\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409797469\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5096909520\",\"display_name\":\"Leslie Lazar Thorn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041041464\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey K. Baker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-8839\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018824299\",\"display_name\":\"T. Gooley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075648744\",\"display_name\":\"Kalin Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123327116\",\"display_name\":\"John M. Guy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104052443\",\"display_name\":\"Juliana Pérez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Peter Thompson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121110928\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsay Billingsley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5123319675\",\"display_name\":\"Cheryl Sesnon\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251413856\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124682544" }, { "id": 198, "title": "Bridging the reporting gap: Application of the ReSPCT guidelines in psilocybin clinical trial protocols", "normalized_title": "bridging the reporting gap application of the respct guidelines in psilocybin clinical trial protocols", "authors": "Damian Świeczkowski, Aleksander Kwaśny, Krzysztof Sadko, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2026-01-15", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.112746", "pubmed_id": "41546918", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.112746", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Clinical trial, Protocol (science), Bridging (networking), Dosing, Major depressive disorder, Competence (human resources), Medical physics, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Clinical Practice, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Set (abstract data type), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124418318\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124418318\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210932781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225336626\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281397183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307987398\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367173668\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378782231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387737676\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389802133\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390754521\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401779935\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402657045\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403667484\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406240577\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407595168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407959310\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409534321\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410307225\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410444232\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410743061\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410974136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411816478\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412197020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413614435\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417035652\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037446509\",\"display_name\":\"Damian Świeczkowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5648-4652\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113262565\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksander Kwaśny\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036340639\",\"display_name\":\"Krzysztof Sadko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-5741\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070339940\",\"display_name\":\"Wiesław Jerzy Cubała\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6343-8454\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.112746\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124418318" }, { "id": 3261, "title": "Aquahenosis: A non-pharmacological altered state of consciousness induced by Floatation-REST", "normalized_title": "aquahenosis a non pharmacological altered state of consciousness induced by floatation rest", "authors": "", "abstract": "Floatation-REST (Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy) systematically alters sensory and bodily input by combining neutral buoyancy, thermal and proprioceptive neutrality, attenuation of exteroceptive stimulation, and enhancement of cardiorespiratory signaling to the brain. Here we examined whether this non-pharmacological sensory perturbation induces altered states of consciousness and whether specific experiential dimensions are statistically related to changes in affect. In a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled feasibility trial, 75 treatment-seeking adults with anxiety and depression were assigned to six sessions of floatation-REST with prescribed scheduling, floatation-REST with preferred scheduling and duration, or a zero-gravity chair comparison condition. Altered states of consciousness were assessed using the 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness questionnaire, alongside measures of interoceptive awareness and affect. Compared to the chair condition, Floatation-REST was associated with increased interoceptive awareness of cardiorespiratory sensations and an altered state of consciousness characterized by oceanic boundlessness, disembodiment, unity, and spiritual-type experiences-a pattern we refer to as “aquahenosis.” Effects were strongest among participants who selected longer and more flexible float sessions. Experiential profiles selectively overlapped with those reported for psilocybin and ketamine along boundary-dissolution dimensions. These findings identify Floatation-REST as a tractable, non-pharmacological method for inducing specific altered states of consciousness and highlight positively valenced boundary dissolution as a modality-invariant experiential dimension linking sensory context to affective change.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-01-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/6mj8n_v1", "keywords": "Neuroscience, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"6mj8n_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Spirituality,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3038, "title": "Psilocybin rapidly, but not immediately, reverses reward learning deficits in a durable manner in an inflammatory rat model of depressive symptoms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin rapidly but not immediately reverses reward learning deficits in a durable manner in an inflammatory rat model of depressive symptoms", "authors": "Hinchcliffe JK, Thomas CW, Gilmour G, Robinson ES.", "abstract": "The serotonergic psychedelic, psilocybin, shows potential for rapid and sustained antidepressant effects but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Using a chronic interferon-alpha-induced rat model of depression, we show acute psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) reverses impaired reward-induced biases within 24hrs, with effects enduring for at least 7 days. This suggests psilocybin can restore blunted reward processing, an effect which could significantly contribute to its sustained antidepressant effects.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2026-01-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.64898/2026.01.14.699553", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.01.14.699553", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1226195\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Animal Study,Inflammation", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3029, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant OCD: A Randomized Controlled Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant ocd a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects 2-3% of the population worldwide. 40-60% of patients do not respond to first-line interventions. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a single dose of psilocybin in patients with treatment-resistant OCD. Methods: In this phase 2, randomized, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 28 adults with treatment-resistant OCD to receive a single dose of psilocybin (0.25 mg/kg; n=14) or niacin (250 mg; n=14), in a supportive controlled setting. Primary outcomes were Acute Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (A-YBOCS) from baseline to 48 hours post-treatment and weekly Y-BOCS assessments through 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included depression symptoms (MADRS) and functional disability (SDS). All participants initially assigned to niacin crossed over to open-label psilocybin after 1 week. Results: At 48 hours, A-YBOCS scores decreased from 24.07±6.02 to 14.31±8.83 in the psilocybin group versus no change (24.29±4.81 to 24.36±3.95) in the niacin group (between-group difference, 9.83 points; 95% CI, 5.19-14.91; P", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2026-01-14", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/atfum_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"atfum_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 184, "title": "The Psychological Support Model in Psilocybin Research: Psychotherapy in Disguise?", "normalized_title": "the psychological support model in psilocybin research psychotherapy in disguise", "authors": "Celia Faye Jacobsen, Dea Siggaard Stenbæk, Stig Poulsen, Sophia Armand", "abstract": "A key distinction among clinical trials on psilocybin treatments, for example, those targeting depression, has been whether the psilocybin dosing session is combined with bona fide psychotherapy or with what is referred to as “psychological support” (1-3). The most developed model of psychological support is the Compass Psychological Support Model (CPSM; 1). Kirlić and colleagues specifically describe the CPSM as “not an evidence-based treatment for depression” (1, p. 127). In our work as psychologists, we apply distinct understandings of psychotherapy. The European Federation of Psychologists' Association (EFPA) employ the following definition: “Psychotherapy is the informed and intentional application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from established psychological principles for the purpose of assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, and emotions, (…) in directions that the participants deem desirable” (4, p. 218). When observing the CPSM through the lens of this definition, the psychological support model appears, to us, to be a distinctly psychotherapeutic treatment model. The CPSM consists of two components, psychoeducation and psychological support, and is delivered in three phases: the preparation phase, the administration phase, and the integration phase (1). The psychoeducation component consists of psychoeducation on the psychedelic experience, whereas the psychological support component aims to facilitate the optimal emotional valence in the client during especially the administration and integration phase, their engagement with the psychedelic experience, and their subsequent exploration of salient themes with the goal of generating insight and self-discovery. Three principles further guide the psychological support component, namely trust and psychological safety, a present-moment focus, and the client's self-direction and autonomy. Delving into the specifics of the CPSM, the therapist's role in the psychoeducation component is, for example, to “explore and manage expectations,” “generate trust,” and “set the stage for a collaborative preparation process” (p. 127). These therapist tasks closely correspond to the management of client expectations and alliance development, which are considered key therapeutic factors in psychotherapy (5, 6). Particularly invoking positive outcome expectations and establishing a trusting and collaborative client-therapist alliance have demonstrated robust associations with improved clinical outcomes in psychotherapy (7-10), and all bona fide psychotherapy models encompass these factors in varying degrees and format (11). Accordingly, these tasks correspond to the EFPA's definition of psychotherapy in that they involve “the application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from established psychological principles.” Moreover, the three principles in the CPSM, trust and psychological safety, present-moment focus, and self-direction and autonomy, closely align with the therapeutic skills, tasks, and style emphasized in humanistic-experiential psychotherapy (12), for example, in client-centered (13) or emotion-focused psychotherapy (EFT; 14, 15). Specifically, trust and psychological safety are established in the CPSM by the therapist showing “genuine interest, empathy, and unconditional positive regard (…)” (1, p. 128). The wording of these skills appears directly transferred from the humanistic-experiential models of psychotherapy, where “empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness” constitute the foundation of a curative client-therapist alliance (13). Moreover, one of the goals pertaining to the principle of trust and psychological safety in the CPSM is to “eventually address unhelpful cognitive, emotional, or behavioral patterns” (1, p. 128). This goal directly speaks to the purpose of psychotherapy as defined by the EFPA, that is, assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, and emotions in more desirable directions (4). The present-moment focus in the CPSM is meant to counteract experiential avoidance and prompt emotional breakthroughs in the client, and the therapists are trained to ask open-ended questions to facilitate the client's exploration and encourage their acceptance and curiosity about especially challenging emotions (1). This CPSM principle appears closely aligned with the tasks and goals of especially EFT (14). Specifically, EFT utilizes methods meant to stimulate and deepen (i.e., focus) emotional experiencing and promotes the client's internal exploration in order to facilitate the processing and expression of emotional material (14). Emotional expression in psychotherapy has been robustly linked to improved clinical outcomes (d = 0.85; 16), and conversely, experiential avoidance to worse treatment and mental health outcomes (17, 18). EFT, and more recent Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy approaches such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (16), specifically target experiential avoidance and promote emotional expression. Finally, the self-direction and autonomy principle centers on a non-directive therapeutic style, a style which is a point of contention within the humanistic-experiential psychotherapies (12). Whereas client-centered psychotherapy makes use of a primarily non-directive style, EFT prescribes a “process guiding” approach and employs more directive techniques (14). In this regard, the CPSM aligns best with person-centered psychotherapy. However, the therapist's use of breathing exercises and verbal cues to prompt emotional grounding and deepening during the administration session in the CPSM (e.g., “be open,” “go in and through”; 1) could be considered a subtle act of therapist direction and a therapeutic technique in its own right. Considering EFPA's definition of psychotherapy, alongside the tasks, goals, and therapeutic style described above, the CPSM constitutes, in our view, bona fide psychotherapy and more specifically a humanistic-experiential model of psychotherapy. Describing an arguably bona fide psychotherapeutic treatment as “psychological support” comes with a set of potentially problematic implications. For instance, arguing that the psychological framework serves only as “support” undermines methodological transparency and integrity in psilocybin research. Presenting the framework as merely supportive, and not therapeutic, may ease regulatory approval (e.g., by the FDA) by positioning psilocybin as the sole active ingredient. However, this assessment rests on an incomplete and potentially misleading foundation, as the contribution of the psychological framework to efficacy has yet to be fully examined. Moreover, characterizing the CPSM as “not evidence-based” reflects a lack of scientific rigor and nuance, given that the model's constituent methods and principles have demonstrated efficacy across broader clinical contexts and diagnostic categories, including within psilocybin treatments. For instance, research finds that a strong therapeutic alliance between the patient and the psychotherapist significantly improves clinical outcomes in psilocybin treatments (19-21). Moreover, experiential avoidance and prolonged hyperarousal, which the CPSM aims to mitigate, have been linked to worse outcomes (22). Finally, the CPSM's present-moment focus is intended to facilitate emotional breakthroughs, a strong predictor of better outcomes in psilocybin therapy (23). Thus, what are arguably psychotherapeutic components of the CPSM may significantly influence the effect of psilocybin treatment, and Kirlić et al. (1) themselves reference such findings. Accordingly, while direct research on the specific effects of the CPSM is still lacking, the efficacy of its constituent methods is largely supported. Framing the psychological components of psilocybin treatment as supportive and only serving a safety function, rather than contributors to efficacy, is inconsistent with research and risks oversimplifying the complexities of administering a potent pharmacological agent within a psychological framework. Finally, suggesting that trained psychologists deliberately follow an intervention designed to not exert a therapeutic effect goes against the integrity and training of our profession and will not translate into clinical reality. Not only does it leave the psychologist without guidelines on how to apply (or not apply) their expertise, it negates the “raison d'être” of our profession. Few trained psychologists will accept, or be capable of, complying with a specifically non-therapeutic intervention. Overall, negating the contribution of the psychological framework surrounding psilocybin dosing sessions, or treating it as error variance meant to be minimized, runs the risk of overlooking potentially vital variability in treatment outcomes. Moreover, it poses a threat to the integrity of psilocybin research and the psychological profession. Conversely, considering the psychological framework as a potential contributor to efficacy in psilocybin treatments might pave the way for its optimization. For instance, important client factors (e.g., outcome expectations or emotional expression; 7, 22, 24), therapist skills (e.g., facilitative interpersonal skills; 25) or interpersonal components (e.g., the alliance; 20) might be detected, facilitated, and trained. Such efforts would transparently support the integration of evidence-based psychotherapy practices with the pharmacological effects of psilocybin, ultimately enhancing clinical outcomes for patients. This scenario, however, may only be realized if the methodology and practical implementation of “psychological support” versus bona-fide psychotherapy is transparently defined, and the contribution of each framework to the efficacy of psilocybin is being researched and ultimately differentiated. Until then, the debate surrounding the role of the psychological framework will not be resolved.", "journal": "Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice", "publication_date": "2026-01-13", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1176/appi.prcp.20250113", "pubmed_id": "42022021", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.prcp.20250113", "keywords": "Psychoeducation, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Psilocybin, Psychological intervention, Interpersonal communication, Mindfulness, Dyad, Session (web analytics), Clinical psychology, Psychological distress, Cognitive therapy, DSM-5, Psychological Theory, Component (thermodynamics), Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7123730053\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7123730053\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1998435247\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041889512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074503869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097564751\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803499312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888858694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896003347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896053783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897586961\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135707442\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978069\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410217856\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067442902\",\"display_name\":\"Celia Faye Jacobsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7221-0427\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121257127\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbæk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066485542\",\"display_name\":\"Stig Poulsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-1820\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086179765\",\"display_name\":\"Sophia Armand\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6368-3329\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210213065\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.prcp.20250113\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7123730053" }, { "id": 3532, "title": "A Phase III, Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Controlled Study to Investigate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Two Administrations of COMP360 in Participants With Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase iii multicentre randomised double blind controlled study to investigate the efficacy safety and tolerability of two administrations of comp360 in participants with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of two administrations of COMP360 in participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) This is a phase III, international, multi-centre, randomised, parallel group, fixed repeat dose, double-blind, controlled study. The study population will include participants aged ≥18 years with TRD. Overall, 568 participants are to be randomised in a 2:1:1 ratio to receive COMP360 25 mg, 10 mg or 1 mg. The study comprises three parts (A, B, and C) and will last approximately 62 weeks including a three- to ten-week screening period. Part A will include a nine-week follow-up from initial investigational product (IP) administration. Part B will include a further 17 weeks follow-up out to 26 weeks from initial IP administration. Part C will include a further 26 weeks follow-up out to 52 weeks from initial IP administration. In this study, the aim is to assess the efficacy of COMP360, administered with psychological support in adult participants with TRD, in improving symptoms of depression.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-01-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05711940", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05711940\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3523, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This study aims to study the feasibility of psilocybin therapy for patients with Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) with depressed mood. The secondary objective is to assess its impact on depression, quality of life, hopelessness, and functional status in this patient population. The proposed research's primary objective is to study the feasibility of psilocybin therapy for patients with ALS with depressed mood. The secondary objective is to assess its impact on depression, quality of life, hopelessness, and functional status in this patient population. The proposed proof-of-concept interventional trial will use a single-arm design. The study will be an open-label trial in a sample of up to 24 treatment-seeking patients with a diagnosis of ALS and depressed mood. Participants will complete an 8-week course of study treatment including two psilocybin sessions (15 mg in week 4 and 15 or 25 mg in week 6), with follow-up assessments 1, 3, and 6 months after the final psilocybin session.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2026-01-11", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06656702", "keywords": "Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06656702\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 266, "title": "Sense-making around psilocybin in UK women experiencing cancer-related existential distress: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis", "normalized_title": "sense making around psilocybin in uk women experiencing cancer related existential distress an interpretative phenomenological analysis", "authors": "Zaynab Khan, Sterre Weaver, Rachael V. Dando, Anne Katrin Schlag, Joanna; id_orcid 0000-0002-2717-9739 Neill, Verity; id_orcid 0000-0002-9876-250X Wainwright", "abstract": "People with cancer often experience anxiety and depression following a diagnosis and can face barriers to accessing treatment for their mental health. An increasing number of patients are considering alternative approaches to managing their mental health symptoms, such as the psychedelic, psilocybin. A growing number of clinical trials show significant and enduring improvements in mood and quality of life following psilocybin assisted therapy (PAT) in this patient group. While the lived experiences of patients undergoing PAT in clinical trials and medical contexts has been explored, the broad decision-making processes, perceptions of societal and self-acceptance of psilocybin, and the impact or otherwise of the legality of psilocybin outside of these settings, has not. In this study, qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the attitudes and perceptions of using psilocybin by seven females in the UK with a current or previous diagnosis of cancer (four who had used psilocybin and three who had considered taking the drug). Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological analysis (IPA). Three Group Experiential Themes (GETs) were created: i) somatic healing needs; ii) outlawing nature: illegality as both a burden and boundary; and iii) reconnecting self, nature and mortality. Participants considered psilocybin a much-needed alternative to traditional treatments for the depression and anxiety they experienced in relation to their cancer diagnosis, but felt its legal status was a significant barrier to access. As such, a compassionate access scheme here in the UK could transform the mental health of people with cancer.", "journal": "Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)", "publication_date": "2026-01-08", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/6f070f13-96c6-4cc4-9e40-f2837bdb79b3", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Psychology, Anxiety, Mental health, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Existentialism, Clinical psychology, Mood, Perception, Experiential learning, Quality of life (healthcare), Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Disenchantment, Experiential knowledge, Distress, Cancer, Lived experience, Experiential avoidance, Somatization, Phenomenology (philosophy), Medicine, Principle of legality, Mental illness, Major depressive disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128133091\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7128133091\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125179250\",\"display_name\":\"Zaynab Khan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083810610\",\"display_name\":\"Sterre Weaver\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125170898\",\"display_name\":\"Rachael V. Dando\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080895600\",\"display_name\":\"Anne Katrin Schlag\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2074-1917\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125116815\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna; id_orcid 0000-0002-2717-9739 Neill\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5125179372\",\"display_name\":\"Verity; id_orcid 0000-0002-9876-250X Wainwright\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400662\",\"source_display_name\":\"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/6f070f13-96c6-4cc4-9e40-f2837bdb79b3\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7128133091" }, { "id": 3014, "title": "Psilocin fosters neuroplasticity in iPSC-derived human cortical neurons", "normalized_title": "psilocin fosters neuroplasticity in ipsc derived human cortical neurons", "authors": "Koch P, Schmidt M, Hoffrichter A, Davoudi M, Horschitz S, Lau T, Meinhardt M, Spanagel R, Ladewig J, Köhr G.", "abstract": "Abstract Psilocybin is studied as innovative medication in anxiety, substance abuse and treatment-resistant depression. Animal studies show that psychedelics promote neuronal plasticity by strengthening synaptic responses and protein synthesis. However, the exact molecular and cellular changes induced by psilocybin in the human brain are not known. Here, we treated human cortical neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells with the 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocin - the psychoactive metabolite of psilocybin. We analyzed how exposure to psilocin affects 5-HT2A receptor localization, gene expression, neuronal morphology, synaptic markers and neuronal function. Upon exposure of human neurons to psilocin, we observed a decrease of cell surface-located 5-HT2A receptors first in the axonal- followed by the somatodendritic-compartment. Psilocin further provoked a 5-HT2A-R-mediated augmentation of BDNF abundance. Transcriptomic profiling identified gene expression signatures priming neurons to neuroplasticity. On a morphological level, psilocin induced enhanced neuronal complexity and increased expression of synaptic proteins, in particular in the postsynaptic-compartment. Consistently, we observed an increased excitability and enhanced synaptic network activity in neurons treated with psilocin. In conclusion, exposure of human neurons to psilocin might induces a state of enhanced neuronal plasticity which could explain why psilocin is beneficial in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders where synaptic dysfunctions are discussed.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2026-01-06", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-4242829/v3", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4242829/v3", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1140594\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Transcriptomics", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 291, "title": "Psilocybin and Bipolar Depression: Promise and Prudence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and bipolar depression promise and prudence", "authors": "Matheus G. Marques, Liliana Patarroyo-Rodríguez, Balwinder Singh", "abstract": "", "journal": "CNS Drugs", "publication_date": "2026-01-03", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1007/s40263-025-01255-8", "pubmed_id": "41485178", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-025-01255-8", "keywords": "Bipolar disorder, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Psychology, Prudence, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Psychopharmacology, Medicine, Clinical trial, Treatment of bipolar disorder, Psychotherapist, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Anhedonia, Quetiapine, Major depressive disorder, Hypomania, Neurology, Mental health, Clinical psychology, MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118127068\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118127068\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1966197040\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966490279\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984344128\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995256288\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028825681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161282771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790303747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981352576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995178539\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016987955\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117542960\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3172147180\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201512146\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249972766\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292877277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311439362\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311688634\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324045013\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353017554\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367172062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384297675\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384639966\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385394492\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386961159\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391264477\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391286658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392193120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399050445\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399071747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401835033\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403332337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404460385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404543186\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404731501\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405381556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405877117\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955633\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406097304\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406254344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407595168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409632414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410200405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411880520\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412581544\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412618898\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121886007\",\"display_name\":\"Matheus G. Marques\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088613867\",\"display_name\":\"Liliana Patarroyo-Rodríguez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8822-699X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112288612\",\"display_name\":\"Balwinder Singh\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S153913659\",\"source_display_name\":\"CNS Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-025-01255-8\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118127068" }, { "id": 333, "title": "An open-label pilot study of psilocybin-assisted therapy for binge eating disorder", "normalized_title": "an open label pilot study of psilocybin assisted therapy for binge eating disorder", "authors": "Jesse Dallery, Jennifer L. Miller, Jeff Boissoneault, Lauren Harvey, Lindsey Ives, Alexandra Knerr, Shelby Blaes, Morgan N. Ransom, Melissa S. Munson, James P. Gilligan, Michael H. Silverman, Peter R. Guzzo, Beverlee Loeser", "abstract": "Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder and is associated with psychiatric comorbidities, health impairments, and decreased quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that psilocybin-assisted therapy may promote cognitive and emotional flexibility and disrupt maladaptive behavioral patterns, making it a promising candidate for BED treatment. This open-label pilot study evaluated the feasibility, safety, and preliminary therapeutic effects of a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin administered in the context of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based psychotherapy in adults with BED (N = 5). Primary outcomes included safety measures, and exploratory outcomes included self-reported binge eating frequency, depression, anxiety, psychological flexibility, anthropometric indices, and neuroimaging biomarkers assessed over a 14-week follow-up. Psilocybin was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events. Reductions in self-reported binge eating frequency were observed across all participants and sustained through week 14. Improvements were also noted in depression, anxiety, and psychological inflexibility. Three participants showed reductions in body mass index and waist circumference. Given the open label design and small sample size, causality cannot be inferred. fMRI analyses generated preliminary signals of change-such as increased functional activation from pre- to post-intervention in the middle frontal gyrus, angular gyrus, and supramarginal gyrus in response to processed versus unprocessed food cues. Psilocybin-assisted therapy was feasible and well-tolerated in individuals with BED. The clinical and neurobiological observations provide directions for future adequately powered trials.", "journal": "Journal of Eating Disorders", "publication_date": "2026-01-02", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1186/s40337-025-01508-3", "pubmed_id": "41485073", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01508-3", "keywords": "Binge-eating disorder, Context (archaeology), Cognitive behavioral therapy, Clinical psychology, Binge eating, Psychiatry, Psychology, Eating disorders, Cognitive therapy, Medicine, Bulimia nervosa, Cognition, Anxiety, Quality of life (healthcare), Exposure therapy, Psychoeducation, Adverse effect, Cognitive flexibility, Relapse prevention, Flexibility (engineering), Cognitive reappraisal, Neuroimaging, Exploratory research, Rumination, Psychotherapist, Body mass index, Intervention (counseling), Supramarginal gyrus, Disordered eating, Biopsychosocial model, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Bipolar Disorder and Treatment, Animal Law and Welfare", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118124310\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118124310\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W164629299\",\"https://openalex.org/W1903077781\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966524739\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028641024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056853212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063207922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072370722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086564524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147488774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170420830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2576619110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792120884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905971773\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951199936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951757964\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985188679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112525124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3130765246\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214305299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221007471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291170424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300960088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307697584\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381548553\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396951853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402993015\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403151209\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403620011\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409215134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409286565\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412645629\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004332083\",\"display_name\":\"Jesse Dallery\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-1105\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Jennifer L. Miller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4370-3438\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015297036\",\"display_name\":\"Jeff Boissoneault\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-6491\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121906938\",\"display_name\":\"Lauren Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121886094\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Ives\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047376810\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandra Knerr\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121891541\",\"display_name\":\"Shelby Blaes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121886191\",\"display_name\":\"Morgan N. Ransom\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016742627\",\"display_name\":\"Melissa S. Munson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1666-5350\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121890582\",\"display_name\":\"James P. Gilligan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121900265\",\"display_name\":\"Michael H. Silverman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047963260\",\"display_name\":\"Peter R. Guzzo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4773-8052\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121890272\",\"display_name\":\"Beverlee Loeser\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210234357\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Eating Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01508-3\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Eating Disorders,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Psychological Flexibility,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118124310" }, { "id": 336, "title": "The effects of psilocybin on psychological distress in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on psychological distress in cancer patients a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Reza Moshfeghinia, Sara Mostafavi, Kimia Jazi, Amir Reza Ghasemi, Yasamin Khosravaninezhad, Santhosshi Narayanan, Jamshid Ahmadi, Mehdi Pasalar", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: Psilocybin may effectively treat psychological distress in cancer patients. A meta-analysis assessed its safety and effectiveness in this context. METHODS: A comprehensive search across six databases (Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL Complete, and Web of Science) was conducted to identify studies on psilocybin's effects on mental health in cancer patients up to November 2024. Both randomized and non-randomized trials were included, assessing anxiety, depression, and other mental outcomes at short-term (2-5 weeks) and long-term (6 months) follow-ups. Study quality was assessed using Cochrane tools, and statistical analyses were performed with Stata version 17. RESULTS: In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), psilocybin significantly reduced depressive symptoms, with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = - 2.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: - 3.99 to - 1.76, p < 0.001) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression subscale (HADS-D) (SMD = - 2.97, 95% CI: - 3.60 to - 2.33, p < 0.001) showing strong effects. Anxiety outcomes were mixed: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale (HADS-A) was not significant (SMD = - 3.63, p = 0.11), while the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) also showed inconsistent results. Short-term analyses (2-5 weeks) revealed significant improvements in the BDI (SMD = - 1.17), HADS-D (SMD = - 1.58), and HADS-A (SMD = - 1.99), all p < 0.001. Long-term analyses (6 months) demonstrated sustained benefits on the BDI (SMD = - 2.60, p = 0.04) and HADS-D (SMD = - 3.56, p = 0.01). Measures of quality of life (QOL) and spiritual well-being using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp) scale also improved significantly after psilocybin treatment. CONCLUSION: Psilocybin may reduce depressive symptoms in cancer patients, with mixed effects on anxiety and time-dependent improvements in spiritual well-being and (in single-arm data) quality of life. Given the small number of studies, high heterogeneity, challenges with blinding/expectancy, and frequent co-intervention with psychotherapy, these findings are preliminary. Larger, rigorously blinded trials are needed to determine clinical effectiveness and safety.", "journal": "BMC Psychology", "publication_date": "2026-01-01", "publication_year": 2026, "doi": "10.1186/s40359-025-03935-y", "pubmed_id": "41484687", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03935-y", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychological distress, Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Cancer, Psychology, Distress, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Psychological therapy, Psychotherapist, Psychological research, Depressive symptoms, Quality of life (healthcare), MEDLINE, Emotional distress, Quality (philosophy), Medicine, Research design, Randomized controlled trial, Anxiety disorder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118088637\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118088637\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1529403805\",\"https://openalex.org/W1598602811\",\"https://openalex.org/W1791587479\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979206718\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013263319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050864561\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169248741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318307729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2464886977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2531269403\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605759386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2754418103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789541163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886232664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964775179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965983154\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990323914\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029961383\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112576667\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120632631\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127181543\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158985447\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191550608\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196833323\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214774976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W3217313813\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220685738\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011480\",\"https://openalex.org/W4284665615\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289861025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291111113\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295345823\",\"https://openalex.org/W4304690665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306177192\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309508591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315928547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319984222\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323924592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4377096690\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385173317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388731626\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400697733\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121872062\",\"display_name\":\"Reza Moshfeghinia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038317446\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Mostafavi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5635-8912\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121838596\",\"display_name\":\"Kimia Jazi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109512426\",\"display_name\":\"Amir Reza Ghasemi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106707424\",\"display_name\":\"Yasamin Khosravaninezhad\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053986931\",\"display_name\":\"Santhosshi Narayanan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-1500\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027778328\",\"display_name\":\"Jamshid Ahmadi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7060-469X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110607826\",\"display_name\":\"Mehdi Pasalar\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764871139\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMC Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03935-y\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118088637" }, { "id": 4182, "title": "Motivation-based subtypes of psilocybin microdosers", "normalized_title": "motivation based subtypes of psilocybin microdosers", "authors": "Ethan Klukas", "abstract": "Recent years have witnessed a rise in microdosing psilocybin. Individuals who engage in this practice report diverse motivations for use which suggests heterogeneity among microdosers. However, research to date has taken a monolithic approach to the examination of microdosers which may overlook potentially important differences. To address this limitation, we aimed to identify and elucidate motivation-based subtypes using a large naturalistic sample of psilocybin microdosers. We used latent class analysis to identify motivation-based subtypes among 4,415 adults who reported microdosing psilocybin. We compared subtypes cross-sectionally using ANOVA and chi-square tests to examine current mental health status, psychosocial functioning, and microdosing practices. Three distinct subtypes of psilocybin microdosers emerged from the data: Mental Health Focused (n = 2059), Well-Being Focused (n = 1136), and Creativity and Learning Focused (n = 1220). We identified medium-to-large between group differences in depression, anxiety, and stress across the subtypes, medium sized differences in affect and satisfaction with life, and small-to-medium differences in self-reported mental health diagnoses and use of psychiatric medication (all p", "journal": "Open Collections", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.14288/1.0452623", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0452623", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental health, Latent class model, Psychosocial, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Population, Medicine, Psychiatry, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Affect (linguistics), Human studies, Analysis of variance, Repeated measures design, Major depressive disorder, Randomized controlled trial, Anxiety, Naturalistic observation, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163695947\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163695947\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071777463\",\"display_name\":\"Ethan Klukas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1951-2204\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407053062\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open Collections\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0452623\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Creativity,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163695947" }, { "id": 4181, "title": "COMBINATION OF PSILOCYBIN AND COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY IMPROVES OXYTOCIN LEVELS AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER", "normalized_title": "combination of psilocybin and cognitive behavioral therapy improves oxytocin levels and depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder", "authors": "Mahvash Khan, Muhammad Omar Malik, Sara Sajjad, Muhammad Uzair, Inayat Shah, Muhammad Ismail Bhatti", "abstract": "Background: Major depressive disorder is a prevalent psychological condition that is characterized by sustained low mood, dysfunction and biological dysregulation. Depression can be treated with cognitive behavioral therapy, and newer studies indicate that psilocybin-based therapy may improve depressive symptoms when used under supervised psychological support. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide that plays a role in stress, emotions and bonding, may help us understand treatment effects. Objective: To evaluate the effect of psilocybin therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and combined psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy on depressive symptoms and serum oxytocin levels among patients with major depressive disorder. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out at the Psychiatry Department of Hayatabad Medical Complex and Khyber Medical University, Peshawar from 1st December 2024 to 30th July 2025­­. Sixty-seven patients with major depressive disorder were included and randomly distributed into four groups: ‘SSRI treatment, CBT, psilocybin therapy, and psilocybin combined with CBT’. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to measure the severity of depression at baseline, week 6 and week 10. Serum oxytocin levels were also evaluated. Data was analyzed using SPSS25. Repeated-measures ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc comparisons were applied. Results: The control group showed minimal change in HAM-D scores, while marked reductions were observed in all active intervention groups. By week 10, mean HAM-D scores decreased to 2.84 ± 2.01 in the CBT group, 3.24 ± 1.56 in the psilocybin group, and 2.50 ± 1.51 in the psilocybin assisted CBT group. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant effect of time on HAM-D scores and a significant time × group interaction (p", "journal": "Genetics and Molecular Research", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.4238/e91xh631", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4238/e91xh631", "keywords": "Oxytocin, Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Psilocybin, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Depressive symptoms, Depression (economics), Combination therapy, Cognition, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Pharmacology, Oxytocin receptor, Endogenous depression, Pharmacotherapy, Anxiety, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Tryptophan and brain disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163017615\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7163017615\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137559202\",\"display_name\":\"Mahvash Khan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057214102\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Omar Malik\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137512681\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Sajjad\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078074119\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Uzair\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7725-1444\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000947968\",\"display_name\":\"Inayat Shah\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1900-6181\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5137612211\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ismail Bhatti\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S206553565\",\"source_display_name\":\"Genetics and Molecular Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.4238/e91xh631\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7163017615" }, { "id": 4179, "title": "Psychedelics and Mental Health: Psilocybin and Depression. A Sistematic Review", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and mental health psilocybin and depression a sistematic review", "authors": "Marta Gómez Álvarez, Javier Calleja-Conde, Víctor Echeverry-Alzate", "abstract": "This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of depressive disorders in adult populations, including major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. PRISMA guidelines were followed to identify and analyze clinical trials comparing psilocybin with different control conditions. Variables related to the reduction of depressive symptoms, speed of therapeutic response, and safety profile were examined. The findings suggest that psilocybin may represent a promising intervention in controlled clinical settings; however, methodological heterogeneity and limited sample sizes highlight the need for further studies to confirm its long-term efficacy and safety.", "journal": "Open Science Framework", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.17605/osf.io/yu3n9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/yu3n9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Intervention (counseling), Depression (economics), Depressive symptoms, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Substance use, Systematic review, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162447643\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7162447643\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5136996917\",\"display_name\":\"Marta Gómez Álvarez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9299-5095\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073461895\",\"display_name\":\"Javier Calleja-Conde\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0573-3863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056731763\",\"display_name\":\"Víctor Echeverry-Alzate\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-3513\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407050956\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open Science Framework\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/yu3n9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7162447643" }, { "id": 4175, "title": "Cost-Effectiveness of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (PAT) for Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "cost effectiveness of psilocybin assisted therapy pat for patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Yosr Ziadi, Taehwan Park", "abstract": "Conference poster presented at ISPOR 2026, Philadelphia, May 2026. Co-authors: Yosr Ziadi, Taehwan Park. St. John's University.", "journal": "Open MIND", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.17605/osf.io/nrt59", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/nrt59", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Internal medicine, MEDLINE, Clinical trial, Intensive care medicine, Disease, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Context (archaeology), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161800164\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7161800164\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130171461\",\"display_name\":\"Yosr Ziadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033768692\",\"display_name\":\"Taehwan Park\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4406922384\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open MIND\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://osf.io/nrt59\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7161800164" }, { "id": 4172, "title": "Optimization of Psilocybin Extraction from Psilocybe cubensis Mushrooms and Characterization of the Fungal Extract", "normalized_title": "optimization of psilocybin extraction from psilocybe cubensis mushrooms and characterization of the fungal extract", "authors": "Mateus Araújo da Luz, Taynah Pereira Galdino, Lucas Matheus da S. Oliveira, H. Guedes, Anauara Silva, Victor I. Afonso, Suédina M. L. Silva, Antônio G. B. Lima, Marcus V. L. Fook, Maria C. M. Torres", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a molecule with significant potential for the treatment of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance abuse. In this study, it was explored the extraction of psilocybin from Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms using a factorial design approach, along with the physicochemical and phytochemical characterization of the extracted material, aiming to optimize the process. The results indicate that the optimal extraction conditions were achieved using an acidified ethanol solvent (without water addition) at pH 2 and at temperature of 25 °C. The maximum yield obtained was 50.03 mg of psilocybin g-1 of extract (ca. 1% psilocybin), which exceeds the values reported in the literature for similar studies, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed method. Through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, six compounds were annotated: the indole alkaloids psilocybin and psilocin, previously reported in the P. cubensis genus, and four additional compounds, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, norvaline, tetronomycin and N-(tetradecanoyl)-sphinganine, which have not previously been reported in the Psilocybe genus.", "journal": "Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21577/0103-5053.20260049", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20260049", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), Phytochemical, Chromatography, Yield (engineering), Factorial experiment, Mushroom, Ethanol, Solvent extraction, Food science, Solvent, Terpene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138979953\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7138979953\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122560539\",\"display_name\":\"Mateus Araújo da Luz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080197981\",\"display_name\":\"Taynah Pereira Galdino\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4177-6430\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130151427\",\"display_name\":\"Lucas Matheus da S. Oliveira\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049817695\",\"display_name\":\"H. Guedes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076917723\",\"display_name\":\"Anauara Silva\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054986669\",\"display_name\":\"Victor I. Afonso\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7815-2042\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124962341\",\"display_name\":\"Suédina M. L. Silva\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5130059491\",\"display_name\":\"Antônio G. B. Lima\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124880961\",\"display_name\":\"Marcus V. L. Fook\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5129854846\",\"display_name\":\"Maria C. M. Torres\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S23544583\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20260049\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7138979953" }, { "id": 4163, "title": "Psilocybin-Therapie vorteilhaft für Stimmungsstörungen von Parkinsonkranken", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapie vorteilhaft für stimmungsstörungen von parkinsonkranken", "authors": "", "abstract": "Stimmungsstörungen bei Menschen mit Parkinson-Krankheit sind häufig und ein Hauptprädiktor für den Funktionsabfall. Die Behandlung dieser Störung ist aktuell jedoch nicht einfach und der Bedarf nach neuartigen Interventionen hoch. Psilocybin ist bisher vielversprechend zur Behandlung von Depressionen und Angstzuständen eingesetzt worden. Das Potenzial bei Parkinsonpatient*innen ist unbekannt, da Menschen mit neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen aufgrund von Sicherheitsbedenken bisher aus Studien ausgeschlossen wurden.", "journal": "Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1055/a-2700-8978", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2700-8978", "keywords": "Medicine, Gynecology, Context (archaeology), Disease, Population, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Quality of life (healthcare), Coronary heart disease, Risk factor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124268562\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7124268562\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4409286565\"],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5647071\",\"source_display_name\":\"Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2700-8978\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7124268562" }, { "id": 4161, "title": "‘Shroom’ for concern: a case of psychedelic mushroom-induced acute kidney injury", "normalized_title": "shroom for concern a case of psychedelic mushroom induced acute kidney injury", "authors": "Maurice Lam, C. Khor, S. Hultin, J. J. Cheung, N. A. Shah", "abstract": "Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms are typically not consumed for their nutritional value. The main reason people ingest these mushrooms is for their psychoactive effects. Recently, there has been growing interest in the potential therapeutic applications of psilocybin-containing mushrooms in a range of psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, alcohol dependence and tobacco dependence. Here, we present a case in which ingestion of psilocybin-containing mushrooms was the presumed cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). A man in his early thirties presented with acute bilateral flank pain 48 h following recreational ingestion of 0.5 g of psilocybin-containing mushrooms in dry whole form. He experienced the desired and expected hallucinogenic effects upon initial consumption. He developed a non-oliguric AKI with a peak serum creatinine of 189 μmol/L, elevated from a known baseline of 83 μmol/L. Urinalysis demonstrated an elevated albumin-creatinine ratio (40.4 mg/mmol) and bland urinary sediment. Non-contrast computed tomography of the kidneys, ureter and bladder was unremarkable. A comprehensive work-up for glomerulonephritis was negative. Serum electrolytes remained within normal limits, and there was no peripheral eosinophilia. Liver function tests were unremarkable apart from a borderline elevation in aspartate aminotransferase at 39 U/L, and serum lipase was mildly elevated at 82 U/L. A creatine kinase was normal at 155 U/L. No alternative nephrotoxic exposures or contributing factors were identified on detailed clinical history. More specifically, he had no symptoms of vomiting or diarrhoea that may have contributed to a state of dehydration. Physical examination was unremarkable, with no costovertebral angle tenderness and evidence of clinical euvolaemia. The patient received supportive management with intravenous fluids, resulting in resolution of flank pain within 48 h. Serum creatinine improved to 136 μmol/L by day 4, so a kidney biopsy was not pursued. At 1 month follow-up, renal function had fully recovered, with his serum creatinine returning to 85 μmol/L. Psilocybin-containing mushrooms are primarily associated with transient neuropsychiatric effects - altered mood, perception and cognition - emerging within 20-40 min of ingestion and resolving within 6 h. While not traditionally associated with nephrotoxicity, it is hypothesised that their serotonergic activity, particularly via 5-HT2A receptor agonism, may lead to vasoconstriction and tubular injury.1 Several cases of nephrotoxicity linked to psilocybin ingestion have been reported.1-3 These exposures rely on correct preparation and sufficiently skilful identification of the product to ensure there are no contaminants which could contribute to the development of AKI. Nephrotoxicity secondary to mushroom ingestion is usually associated with the orellanine-containing Cortinarius species and the amatoxin-producing Amanita species. Orellanine nephrotoxicity is characterised by a delayed-onset AKI, typically manifesting 3-20 days after ingestion. Histopathology demonstrates tubular necrosis, interstitial oedema and fibrosis. These cases often progress to chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis and transplant.4 Amatoxins - most notably from Amanita phalloides, A. verna, and A. virosa - are classically hepatotoxic, but nephrotoxicity has been reported due to severe dehydration from profuse diarrhoea, direct tubular toxicity or secondary to hepatorenal syndrome.5 Histopathology typically reveals tubular necrosis and interstitial nephritis. Other Amanita species may cause an early-onset AKI, typically within 24-72 h, with more favourable prognosis and renal recovery.6 Mechanistically, orellanine is thought to inhibit protein synthesis and induce oxidative damage via free radical generation,7 while amatoxins inhibit RNA polymerase II, promoting apoptotic pathways with a predilection for metabolically active tissues that are dependent on high rates of protein synthesis such as the gastrointestinal tract, hepatocytes and proximal convoluted tubules.8, 9 This case describes a reversible AKI potentially related to psychedelic mushroom ingestion. As psilocybin prescribing becomes more widespread in Australia, clinical awareness of its potential renal effects is essential to ensuring patient safety. Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.", "journal": "Internal Medicine Journal", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/imj.70313", "pubmed_id": "41518153", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70313", "keywords": "Medicine, Ingestion, Acute kidney injury, Urinalysis, Vomiting, Creatinine, Renal function, Creatine kinase, Internal medicine, Urinary system, Gastroenterology, Liver function tests, Physical examination, Anesthesia, Urine, Nausea, Nephrotoxicity, Blurred vision, Physiology, Rhabdomyolysis, Adverse effect, Urology, Acute tubular necrosis, Liver function, Poison control, Abdominal pain, Hallucinogen, Flank pain, Kidney, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7119893738\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7119893738\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2046048354\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103373693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2197595197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906587679\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324018694\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387409508\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393131815\",\"https://openalex.org/W4397047853\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034787774\",\"display_name\":\"Maurice Lam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122507695\",\"display_name\":\"C. Khor\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122471184\",\"display_name\":\"S. Hultin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122633185\",\"display_name\":\"J. J. Cheung\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122443640\",\"display_name\":\"N. A. Shah\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S60716783\",\"source_display_name\":\"Internal Medicine Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70313\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7119893738" }, { "id": 4158, "title": "Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression (EPIsoDE): Results of a randomized active placebo-controlled trial", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression episode results of a randomized active placebo controlled trial", "authors": "L.J. Mertens, M. Koslowski, F. Betzler, M. Brand, R. Evens, L. Krätner, A. Jungaberle, H. Jungaberle, T. Majić, C.N. Schmitz, A. Ströhle, D. Scharf, M. Spangemacher, M. Wolff, Z. Assadi, B. Scharif, L. Becher, L.V. Färber, N. Kirchen, E. Kulakova, L. Kunz, A. Meijer, B. Rohrmoser, S. Wellek, M. Berger, G. Gründer", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105779", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105779", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Clinical trial, Treatment-resistant depression, Adverse effect, Anxiety, Placebo, Placebo response, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118005769\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118005769\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121822190\",\"display_name\":\"L.J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121824543\",\"display_name\":\"M. Koslowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121783775\",\"display_name\":\"F. Betzler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121792507\",\"display_name\":\"M. Brand\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121791537\",\"display_name\":\"R. Evens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121810759\",\"display_name\":\"L. Krätner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121833521\",\"display_name\":\"A. Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121791366\",\"display_name\":\"H. Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121773388\",\"display_name\":\"T. Majić\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121822296\",\"display_name\":\"C.N. Schmitz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121811371\",\"display_name\":\"A. Ströhle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121789885\",\"display_name\":\"D. Scharf\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121826605\",\"display_name\":\"M. Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121785997\",\"display_name\":\"M. Wolff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121758999\",\"display_name\":\"Z. Assadi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121789441\",\"display_name\":\"B. Scharif\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121823024\",\"display_name\":\"L. Becher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121824758\",\"display_name\":\"L.V. Färber\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121806858\",\"display_name\":\"N. Kirchen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121800185\",\"display_name\":\"E. Kulakova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121759413\",\"display_name\":\"L. Kunz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121774631\",\"display_name\":\"A. Meijer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121756009\",\"display_name\":\"B. Rohrmoser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121827624\",\"display_name\":\"S. Wellek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121760402\",\"display_name\":\"M. Berger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121772024\",\"display_name\":\"G. Gründer\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105779\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118005769" }, { "id": 4155, "title": "An open-label study of single-dose COMP360 psilocybin for post-traumatic stress disorder: safety, tolerability, and secondary efficacy outcomes", "normalized_title": "an open label study of single dose comp360 psilocybin for post traumatic stress disorder safety tolerability and secondary efficacy outcomes", "authors": "N. Mcgowan, J. Rucker, R. Yehuda, M. Agrawal, H. Simmons, S. Das, G. Goodwin", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106821", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106821", "keywords": "Medicine, Stress (linguistics), Psilocybin, Internal medicine, Depression (economics), Fight-or-flight response, Clinical trial, Disease, Pharmacology, Placebo, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117964120\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117964120\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121770090\",\"display_name\":\"N. Mcgowan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121788394\",\"display_name\":\"J. Rucker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121776293\",\"display_name\":\"R. Yehuda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121806605\",\"display_name\":\"M. Agrawal\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121802584\",\"display_name\":\"H. Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121797777\",\"display_name\":\"S. Das\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121813176\",\"display_name\":\"G. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106821\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117964120" }, { "id": 4153, "title": "Relationship between cardiovascular effects and psychedelic experiences under psilocybin in patients with treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "relationship between cardiovascular effects and psychedelic experiences under psilocybin in patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "L. Puhl, L. Kunz, M. Berger, G. Gründer, L. Mertens, M. Spangemacher", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106390", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106390", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Disease, Affect (linguistics), Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117961846\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117961846\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121762326\",\"display_name\":\"L. Puhl\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121759413\",\"display_name\":\"L. Kunz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121760402\",\"display_name\":\"M. Berger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121772024\",\"display_name\":\"G. Gründer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121809489\",\"display_name\":\"L. Mertens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121826605\",\"display_name\":\"M. Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.106390\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117961846" }, { "id": 4152, "title": "Psilocybin Treatment for Refractory Depression: A Clinical Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin treatment for refractory depression a clinical review", "authors": "Jensen, Hailey A", "abstract": "Introduction: Depression is a widespread mental illness that affects a large portion of the world population and many of those who suffer from depression are resistant to treatment currently available. The purpose of this review is to compare the efficacy of psilocybin to the current available methods for the treatment of refractory depression. Methods: PubMed was searched with the key search terms: resistant depression, psilocybin therapy, and adults. Operators and filters narrowed down the search to 43 results. Four articles were then chosen based on quality and specificity with this review. Results: The articles included in this review compare the effectiveness of psilocybin to the currently available treatment methods for depression. Each of these articles found psilocybin to be a fast acting, effective treatment for treatment resistant depression. Discussion: Early results regarding psilocybin as a treatment for treatment resistant depression suggest psilocybin is efficacious. Due to the hallucinogenic nature of psilocybin and the current stigma surrounding the drug, more research is needed to determine safety profile and effective doses.", "journal": "Digital Commons - Gardner-Webb University (Gardner-Webb University)", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/pa-department-journal-of-medical-science/63", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Refractory (planetary science), Treatment-resistant depression, Population, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Pharmacology, Intensive care medicine, Clinical efficacy, Psychology, Quality of life (healthcare), MEDLINE, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110564344\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110564344\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Jensen, Hailey A\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196844\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Commons - Gardner-Webb University (Gardner–Webb University)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/pa-department-journal-of-medical-science/63\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7110564344" }, { "id": 372, "title": "Anxiety and Affective Symptoms Related to the Use of Classic Psychedelics: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "anxiety and affective symptoms related to the use of classic psychedelics a systematic review", "authors": "Viljoen G, Betzler F", "abstract": "There is a large and rapidly growing body of literature investigating the therapeutic effects of classic psychedelics in affective and anxiety disorders, but very few studies have examined the inverse of this, that is, the potential for psychedelics to inflict anxiety and affective symptoms. A systematic literature search was performed and 39 papers were included in the final review to qualitatively synthesize the current literature on anxiety and affective disorders related to the use of classic psychedelics. Persisting disorders were less frequent but generally occurred in individuals who presented with several risk factors (overdose, polydrug use, unstructured recreational setting, psychosocial stress, personal/familial psychiatric histories). When psychedelics were administered in clinical studies under the framework of psychedelic-assisted therapy, the incidence of enduring anxiety and affective symptoms was low. In most cases, acute transient anxiety emerged and resolved during the dosing session without the need for additional treatment interventions. The nuance of such cases is discussed, shedding light on the role of emotional catharsis in the therapeutic process. Several suggestions are proposed to enhance patient safety including strengthening the therapeutic alliance, ensuring adequate mental preparation, acclimating to high doses and providing on-going therapeutic support.", "journal": "Current topics in behavioral neurosciences", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2024_534", "pubmed_id": "39436632", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39436632/", "keywords": "Affective disorders, Anxiety, Depression, LSD, Psilocybin, Psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"39436632\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 350, "title": "An exploration of the relationships between the effects of psilocybin on behavior, 5-HT2A receptor occupancy, and neuroplastic effects in mice", "normalized_title": "an exploration of the relationships between the effects of psilocybin on behavior 5 ht2a receptor occupancy and neuroplastic effects in mice", "authors": "Connor J. Maltby, Adam K. Klein, Enya Paschen, Jessica Pinto, Dino Dvořák, Joseph R. Hedde, Ashley N. Hanks, Massimiliano Bianchi, Zoe Hughes", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin has shown rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder, yet the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these outcomes remain unclear. AIMS: receptor occupancy (RO) achieved after administration of psilocybin and its effects on behavior and markers of neuroplasticity in mice. METHODS: H]MDL-100,907 in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). To relate RO with behavioral outcomes of psilocybin, we assessed the head twitch response (HTR) acutely and investigated behavior in the elevated zero maze (EZM) and forced swim test (FST) 20-24 hours post-drug. Neuroplastic changes were assessed by measuring α-tubulin post-translational modifications (PTMs) and expression of key synaptic proteins in both the PFC and amygdala. RESULTS: RO (RO₅₀ = 0.88 mg/kg) and an inverted-U dose-response in HTR, with peak effects occurring between ~44% and 62% RO. Behaviorally, a 1.5 mg/kg dose increased the open areas ratio in the EZM, while 3 mg/kg reduced immobility in the FST, 20 and 24 hours after dosing, respectively. Both dose levels shifted α-tubulin PTMs toward a more dynamic microtubule state and selectively increased synaptic marker expression in the PFC, not in the amygdala. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of psilocybin could be mediated by dose- and region-specific enhancement of neuronal plasticity, with distinct signatures associated with anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like properties.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251395386", "pubmed_id": "41493065", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251395386", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroplasticity, Neuroscience, Receptor, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Pharmacology, Psychology, Central nervous system, Neural activity, Animal model, Synaptic plasticity, Functional connectivity, Long-term potentiation, Premovement neuronal activity, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118979083\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118979083\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1965984522\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969328491\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978714931\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979029926\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981549228\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989982790\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996982933\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998939445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001308670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005834172\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008172722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008458074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011804248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017867335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019163974\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034643906\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037066635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054129965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064959533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067481209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069027411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074375304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080084877\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082303732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083119103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086656730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105815100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129576675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129662130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131421588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135744973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155768517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340978269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2484260316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519531315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2583083439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2761558601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793459549\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808348762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897545107\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921683958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008629222\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045334142\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110733646\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196195007\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200535840\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281254572\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288447327\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294967747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309269582\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362665646\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362722045\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381433809\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386355909\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389793820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390589986\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390691843\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390755783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391970820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399458649\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400449392\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404786984\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405695737\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406062303\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406403059\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409310214\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057124222\",\"display_name\":\"Connor J. Maltby\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2746-9055\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022631404\",\"display_name\":\"Adam K. Klein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1640-9324\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030094587\",\"display_name\":\"Enya Paschen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-3889\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122155101\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica Pinto\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082256940\",\"display_name\":\"Dino Dvořák\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3884-1393\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013053768\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph R. Hedde\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6031-754X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075277510\",\"display_name\":\"Ashley N. Hanks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122047740\",\"display_name\":\"Massimiliano Bianchi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101714115\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Hughes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251395386\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118979083" }, { "id": 349, "title": "The Effect of Magic Mushroom ( Psilocybe azurescens ) on Social Interaction, Anxiety- and Depressive-Like Behaviors in Male Rats; the Role of Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Neurotrophic Factors", "normalized_title": "the effect of magic mushroom psilocybe azurescens on social interaction anxiety and depressive like behaviors in male rats the role of neuroinflammation oxidative stress and neurotrophic factors", "authors": "Hediye Moghadam, Parisa Akbari, Elmira Beirami, Samaneh Nabavifard, Akram Ameli, Neda Valian", "abstract": "Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms, strongly affect mood, cognition, and behavior. Psilocybe azurescens is a species of psilocybin mushrooms that contains the main active compounds psilocybin and psilocin. Psilocybin mushrooms have been used since ancient times to improve the quality of life. However, their adverse effects have been less studied. This study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the effect of oral consumption of P. azurescens on social behavior, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in rats. The underlying mechanisms of these behaviors were also studied. Male Wistar rats received three doses of P. azurescens (10, 100, and 250 mg/kg) by gavage every other day for 14 days. Social interaction, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors were assessed using the three-chamber, elevated plus maze, and forced swimming tests, respectively. Protein levels of neurotrophic (BDNF and GDNF), neuroinflammatory (IL-6 and TNFα), and oxidative stress (ROS and SOD) factors were measured in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and amygdala by ELISA technique. The results showed that P. azurescens significantly increased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and disrupted social interaction behavior in rats. These effects were accompanied by increased neuroinflammation and oxidative stress and decreased neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus, PFC, and amygdala. This study suggests that the high doses of P. azurescens can cause mood disorders by increasing inflammatory responses and oxidative stress and decreasing the expression of neurotrophic factors.", "journal": "Journal of Neuroscience Research", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/jnr.70107", "pubmed_id": "41493855", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.70107", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Oxidative stress, Neurotrophic factors, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Endocrinology, Neurotrophin, Mood, Amygdala, Prefrontal cortex, Internal medicine, Psychology, Social behavior, Neuroinflammation, Mood disorders, Adverse effect, Pharmacology, Ginseng, Medicine, TLR4, Chemistry, Oxidative phosphorylation, Neuroscience, Biology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7119167790\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7119167790\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1964160578\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970305111\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983746274\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987212298\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988954465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036725502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047236223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060497829\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084141237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147242210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2201607793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411655855\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560438298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2591693802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2601726226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2729173495\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767725891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770913451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790986233\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979305454\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081977832\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096345730\",\"https://openalex.org/W3097444554\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107395714\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129890901\",\"https://openalex.org/W3145488945\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167989184\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191550608\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197166860\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204171992\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200503488\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226051767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491888\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324333845\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367845178\",\"https://openalex.org/W4377086569\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386477854\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387105816\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388551790\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388714298\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392111416\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400513312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402397829\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404302417\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404326537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404925419\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411961287\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122146173\",\"display_name\":\"Hediye Moghadam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061375725\",\"display_name\":\"Parisa Akbari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065235874\",\"display_name\":\"Elmira Beirami\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-8382\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065309633\",\"display_name\":\"Samaneh Nabavifard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-1127\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054131053\",\"display_name\":\"Akram Ameli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008998208\",\"display_name\":\"Neda Valian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-4325\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S76417895\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Neuroscience Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.70107\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Oxidative Stress,Toxicity,Drug Interactions,Inflammation", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7119167790" }, { "id": 347, "title": "Pharmacological Management of Anxiety in End-of-Life Care: A Systematic Review of Benzodiazepines, Opioids, and Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "pharmacological management of anxiety in end of life care a systematic review of benzodiazepines opioids and psilocybin", "authors": "Brunno Freitas da Costa, Paula Hartmann, Daniel Pagnin", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Anxiety is common in patients receiving end-of-life care and significantly impacts their quality of life. However, pharmacological management remains challenging due to complex clinical presentations and potential side effects, emphasizing the need for systematically reviewing existing treatments. Here we aim to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for anxiety in end-of-life care. DESIGN: Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024556913). Comprehensive searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Eligible studies included adults receiving end-of-life care and evaluated pharmacological interventions targeting anxiety. RESULTS: Five studies met inclusion criteria: two assessing benzodiazepines combined with opioids and three evaluating psilocybin. Both benzodiazepine-opioid combinations and psilocybin reduced anxiety symptoms. Psilocybin studies reported rapid and sustained anxiety relief, with approximately 60%-80% of participants experiencing clinically significant improvements. Both treatment categories showed good tolerability without serious adverse events. However, the evidence base was limited by small sample sizes and narrow study contexts. CONCLUSIONS: Benzodiazepine-opioid combinations and psilocybin show promise for anxiety relief in end-of-life patients. Nevertheless, limited high-quality evidence highlights an important research gap. Further robust clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings and guide clinical practice in palliative care.", "journal": "Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/hup.70032", "pubmed_id": "41502021", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70032", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Clinical trial, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical Practice, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, MEDLINE, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Palliative care, Symptom relief, Systematic review, Depression (economics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118595574\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7118595574\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1964060279\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978479511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012160863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088351477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088378149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148893203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2531269403\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010262839\",\"https://openalex.org/W3017244297\",\"https://openalex.org/W3019350884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402564741\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060359012\",\"display_name\":\"Brunno Freitas da Costa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5122215912\",\"display_name\":\"Paula Hartmann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038617698\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Pagnin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5213-3935\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S154207414\",\"source_display_name\":\"Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70032\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7118595574" }, { "id": 345, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin promotes cell-type-specific changes of neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin promotes cell type specific changes of neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex", "authors": "Ziran Huang, Xiaoyan Wei, Yihui Wang, Jin Tian, Jihui Dong, Bo Liang, Lin Lu, Wen Zhang", "abstract": "Abstract Recent clinical breakthroughs hold great promise for the application of psilocybin in the treatments of psychological disorders, such as depression, addiction, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psilocybin is a psychedelic whose metabolite, psilocin, is a 5-HT2A receptor agonist. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms for the effects of psilocybin on the brain are not fully illustrated, and cell type-specific and circuit effects of psilocybin are not fully understood. Here, we combined single-nucleus RNA-seq with functional assays to study the long-term effects of psilocybin on the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of male mouse, a brain region vulnerable to psychological disorders such as depression. We found that a single dose of psilocybin induced long-term genetic and functional changes in neurons of the OFC, and the layer 5 pyramidal neurons showed the most significant changes. The layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the OFC showed reduced expressions of glutamate receptors and the gene expressions of multiple intercellular signaling pathways involved in the excitatory synapse formation and maintenance after psilocybin injection, which was consistent with the decreased excitatory synaptic transmission of these neurons. Meanwhile, both Parvalbumin- and Somatostatin-positive inhibitory neurons of the OFC showed meager changes after psilocybin injection. Furthermore, knockdown of 5-HT2A receptor in the layer 5 pyramidal neurons but not the Parvalbumin-positive inhibitory neurons abated psilocybin-induced functional changes and the anti-depressant effect. Together, these results showed the cell type-specific mechanisms of psilocybin and shed light on the brain region difference in the effect of psychedelics.", "journal": "Neurotherapeutics", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neurot.2026.e00841", "pubmed_id": "41620327", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurot.2026.e00841", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Hallucinogen, Pyramidal cell, Glutamate receptor, Neurotransmission, Biology, Synapse, Orbitofrontal cortex, Chemistry, Neuron, Cortex (anatomy), Biological neural network, Slice preparation, Premovement neuronal activity, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": 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Huang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111225788\",\"display_name\":\"Xiaoyan Wei\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121420334\",\"display_name\":\"Yihui Wang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017727139\",\"display_name\":\"Jin Tian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3685-2435\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109731207\",\"display_name\":\"Jihui Dong\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015724534\",\"display_name\":\"Bo Liang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-2481\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124536667\",\"display_name\":\"Lin Lu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124517455\",\"display_name\":\"Wen Zhang\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S75519821\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neurotherapeutics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurot.2026.e00841\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7126381155" }, { "id": 340, "title": "New Antidepressant Development in the Treatment of Depression.", "normalized_title": "new antidepressant development in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Spiti A, Caldirola D, Perna G.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) continues to pose a major therapeutic challenge due to its clinical heterogeneity. This chapter looks at the development of antidepressant treatments, starting with early interventions such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Although these treatments targeted the monoaminergic system, they had significant limitations in terms of safety and efficacy. The introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) improved tolerability but left unmet needs, particularly in terms of treatment resistance and side effects. In response, research has expanded beyond monoamines and focused on new mechanisms. A breakthrough came with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists such as ketamine and esketamine, which achieved fast-acting effects and shifted the focus to glutamatergic modulation. Other developments in this area include modulators such as partial agonists, positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), and negative allosteric modulators (NAMs). In addition, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) modulation has gained attention, with neurosteroids such as zurolone (approved for postpartum depression [PPD]) representing a new therapeutic approach. Other new strategies target the opioid system, particularly kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonism, whose role in the treatment of anhedonia and depression is being investigated. Psychedelics, including psilocybin, have come back into focus as potential treatments due to their ability to elicit rapid and sustained antidepressant effects via agonism of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A), although their efficacy and safety require further research. In addition, innovative treatments targeting orexin, trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and members of the Q subfamily of voltage-gated potassium channels (KCNQ) are also in development. Despite these advances, some challenges remain. These include diagnostic heterogeneity, incomplete understanding of neurobiological mechanisms, limitations of preclinical models, lack of reliable biomarkers, and economic obstacles. Future advances could be driven by artificial intelligence (AI), which has the potential to revolutionize drug discovery, optimize clinical trials, and personalize treatments for patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_23", "pubmed_id": "42036580", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_23", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Drug Development, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42036580\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 339, "title": "Psychedelics: Future Therapeutics in Major Depression?", "normalized_title": "psychedelics future therapeutics in major depression", "authors": "Olivier B, Olivier JDA.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD), including treatment-resistant depression (TRD), is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder. MDD is associated with severe suffering, burden and large economical costs. Although various conventional antidepressant treatments are available, a large portion of depressed people does not or not adequately respond to the first-line treatments (mostly SSRIs and SNRIs) and a substantial part (ca, 30%) completely fails to respond, leading to TRD. The last two decades of intense research into new drugs for major depression and TRD has led to two lines of development, namely, Typical (or serotonergic) psychedelics (psilocybin, ayahuasca) and atypical (glutamatergic/NMDA) psychedelics (ketamine, esketamine). Both approaches, via a different entrance mechanism, have a fast (immediate) onset, combined with a long-lasting antidepressant action, which cannot be explained by long-term biological presence of the drug in the brain. The psychedelic drugs acutely initiate short-lasting CNS-induced side effects but also lead to activation of downstream cortical processes that underlie the 'lasting' antidepressant effects. In the present chapter, the clinical developments that have led to the marketing of psilocybin and esketamine for major depression disorders has been described. The emergence of fast onset antidepressants for major depression and treatment-resistant depression is a huge step forward in treating major psychiatric disorders. The acute psychotomimetic (psilocybin) or dissociative (esketamine) effects heavily interfere with performing of 'blind' studies, making proper placebo effects challenging. The development of new medicines that are acutely effective in depressive disorders is, however, a real breakthrough in psychiatry, but has also led to a spur of new research activities into new mechanisms involved, and also in developing new research techniques involved in designing proper research methodologies to bring this exciting field into adulthood.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_25", "pubmed_id": "42036582", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_25", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42036582\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 323, "title": "[Clinical application and mechanistic studies of psychedelics for treatment of depression: progress and future challenges].", "normalized_title": "clinical application and mechanistic studies of psychedelics for treatment of depression progress and future challenges", "authors": "Xia K, Gao T.", "abstract": "Depression is a complex and globally prevalent mental disorder, for which conventional antidepressant medications face limitations such as delayed onset and insufficient efficacy. Classic psychedelics, most notably psilocybin, have recently emerged as promising candidates for treatment of depression and demonstrated rapid, robust, and sustained antidepressant effects in controlled clinical settings. Their unique mechanisms of action and clinical prospects have become a key research focus in psychiatry and neuroscience. This review synthesizes the latest advances in the field over the past 5 years. Results from multiple randomized controlled trials indicate that a single or limited number of sessions of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy can induce rapid and durable antidepressant effects in patients with treatment-resistant depression. At the mechanistic level, psychedelics rapidly promote the release of neurotrophic factors, enhance neuroplasticity, and facilitate brain network reorganization, thereby creating a critical \"neuroplastic window\" for psychotherapeutic intervention. However, the specific molecular and circuit-level mechanisms have not been fully understood with ongoing debate primarily over the 5-HT2A receptor-dependent hypothesis versus the TrkB neurotrophic pathway-dependent hypothesis. Despite the promising outlook, translational applications of these substances faces several key challenges, including psychedelic-related risks, incomplete mechanistic understanding, lack of standardized treatment protocols, and insufficient long-term safety data. Future research should focus on elucidating the underlying neurobiological mechanisms, developing non-hallucinogenic derivatives, establishing standardized treatment frameworks, and identifying precise biomarkers to advance this therapeutic approach toward safer, more standardized, and personalized clinical implementation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.01.01", "pubmed_id": "41540686", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.01.01", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41540686\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 235, "title": "Psychedelic therapy and postpartum depression: priorities and prospects.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy and postpartum depression priorities and prospects", "authors": "Thuery G, Crossen F, Mc Loone D, Hinds C, Duffy R, Jairaj C, Harkin A, Kelly JR", "abstract": "Approximately 15% of pregnant women experience postpartum depression (PPD). Even with currently available antidepressant treatments, many women will continue to be impaired by symptoms. Psychedelic therapy offers a promising transdiagnostic therapeutic strategy for several mental health disorders, and early results from current trials suggest that serotonergic psychedelics may represent a viable therapeutic approach for PPD. However, there is marked variability in the therapeutic response to psychedelic therapy, and the benefit-risk ratio in this population is not yet clear. To inform the rationale for the use of serotonergic psychedelics in the treatment of PPD, this review summarises the existing knowledge of immune, endocrine and neural pathways underpinning PPD and explores how serotonergic psychedelics interact with these pathways in the context of maternal motivation, bonding and caregiving behaviours. Finally, special considerations for psychedelic therapy in the postpartum period are outlined and future perspectives explored. Despite the rationale and encouraging early findings, further research is required to determine efficacy and safety profiles. Future studies, particularly longitudinal trials, should include adaptations and safeguards tailored to the unique physiological, psychological and caregiving contexts of the postpartum period.", "journal": "Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/20451253251408280", "pubmed_id": "41816502", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41816502/", "keywords": "5-MeO-DMT, major depression, postpartum depression, psilocybin, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:34", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"41816502\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Review Article,Safety,Immune Function", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 176, "title": "Psilocybin elicits a conserved glucocorticoid-responsive gene signature across five 5-HT2A receptor-rich brain regions in rat", "normalized_title": "psilocybin elicits a conserved glucocorticoid responsive gene signature across five 5 ht2a receptor rich brain regions in rat", "authors": "Ashkan Veysi, Daniela Atanasovski, Maryam Ardalan, Nasrin Motamed, Elias Eriksson", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Psychedelics such as psilocybin are known for their hallucinogenic properties and have also been reported to produce long-lasting therapeutic effects in depression and possibly also other psychiatric disorders. Several lines of evidence suggest that psilocybin exerts its effects through activation of 5-HT2A receptors located postsynaptically to serotonergic neurons, for example, in the frontal cortex, parts of the limbic system, including the amygdala and hippocampus, and striatum. The present study was conducted to shed further light on psilocybin-induced changes in gene expression. METHOD: Samples from the medial prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and striatum were collected from 24 male Wistar rats 90 min after they had been injected with either saline or psilocybin (2 mg/kg) and subjected to multi-region transcriptional profiling using 3prime-RNASeq technology. RESULTS: were differentially expressed in two regions. Other cases of differentially expressed genes were region-specific. CONCLUSION: Whereas psilocybin was not found to alter the expression of genes encoding enzymes, transporters, or receptors implicated in the serotonergic signalling, or those specifically involved in the regulation of the synaptic activity of other neurotransmitters, a common denominator for many of the genes impacted by psilocybin is that they have previously been found to be activated by glucocorticoids.", "journal": "Acta Neuropsychiatrica", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1017/neu.2026.10075", "pubmed_id": "41958297", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10075", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Serotonergic, Biology, Gene, Neuroscience, Genetics, Signature (topology), Hallucinogen, Receptor, Cell biology, Gene expression, Transcriptome, Regulation of gene expression, Serotonin, 5-HT2A receptor, Encoding (memory), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7153263780\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7153263780\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133360756\",\"display_name\":\"Ashkan Veysi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069714315\",\"display_name\":\"Daniela Atanasovski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057002336\",\"display_name\":\"Maryam Ardalan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3414-1584\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5133369913\",\"display_name\":\"Nasrin Motamed\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089573141\",\"display_name\":\"Elias Eriksson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4128-2046\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S173281865\",\"source_display_name\":\"Acta Neuropsychiatrica\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10075\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity,Transcriptomics", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7153263780" }, { "id": 167, "title": "Correction: Characteristics and mental health of psychedelic mushroom and multi-psychedelic users relative to non-psychedelic users in American adults, 2020-2021.", "normalized_title": "correction characteristics and mental health of psychedelic mushroom and multi psychedelic users relative to non psychedelic users in american adults 2020 2021", "authors": "Abramsky-Sze S, Marseille E, Matzopoulos R, Morlock R, Lerer L", "abstract": "[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1508811.].", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-12-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1834094", "pubmed_id": "42088004", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42088004/", "keywords": "anxiety, depression, mental health, psilocybin, psychedelic mushroom, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:34", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"42088004\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3464, "title": "Microdosing Psychedelics to Improve Mood", "normalized_title": "microdosing psychedelics to improve mood", "authors": "Rotem Petranker", "abstract": "This trial aims to examine the safety and efficacy of small (2mg) sub-hallucinogenic doses of psilocybin in people with Major Depressive Disorder. This protocol is for a University of Toronto - sponsored, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover phase 2 study of the safety and efficacy of low doses of psilocybin in subjects with depressive symptoms who meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 (DSM-5) criteria for diagnosis of a major depressive disorder (MDD) and who are either unwilling to pursue standard treatment (psychotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy) or have previously been non-responsive to standard treatment. This feasibility study will assess whether microdosing has a short-term impact on participant ratings of depressive symptoms. Participants will be administered one dose of either placebo or psilocybin once weekly for four weeks, and then all participants will be administered a dose of psilocybin once weekly for four additional weeks. Short surveys will be collected once weekly three days after the administration of psilocybin/placebo, and follow-ups will occur for up to two years following the beginning of the trial. Using this design will maximize the experimental power to detect an effect if one exists and would inform future research on microdosing in terms of duration, effect size, and expectancy bias.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05259943", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin first, Placebo first, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05259943\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3017, "title": "Psilocybin as a Serotonergic Therapy in Epilepsy: Narrative Review of Therapeutic Potentials and Seizure Risks", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a serotonergic therapy in epilepsy narrative review of therapeutic potentials and seizure risks", "authors": "Miguel Benjamín Cervera-Sánchez, Daniel San-Juan, Roberto Díaz-Peregrino, Evelin Zulema Camacho-Castillo, Sthefany Anahi Bringas-Ortiz, Christian Padilla-Cabezutd", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin has shown promise in neuropsychiatric disorders but presents a paradoxical relationship with seizures and epilepsy. Methods: A narrative review was conducted up to November 23, 2025. We conducted structured literature searches across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science. and Google Scholar using MeSH terms and keywords to identify studies on psilocybin, magic mushrooms, or psilocin related to seizures or epilepsy. We also covered our research on serotonergic modulation and epilepsy. We selected a set of core studies directly addressing the research question and additional publications providing mechanistic and contextual evidence for the narrative synthesis. The Risk of Bias of the studies was assessed according to their type. Results: Experimental models demonstrate that psilocybin’s action on 5-HT2A receptors may confer anticonvulsant effects, reducing seizure severity in certain contexts. Preclinical findings support serotonergic modulation as a therapeutic strategy, notably in Dravet syndrome models. However, observational studies report seizures associated with recreational psilocybin use, raising concerns about its pro-convulsant potential, particularly outside controlled environments. Our risk of bias assessment of this evidence revealed significant methodological limitations, urging a cautious interpretation. Nevertheless, clinical trials in neuropsychiatric populations have not shown increased seizure risks under medical supervision. Conclusions: Psilocybin holds potential as a novel adjunctive therapy for epilepsy through selective serotonergic modulation, although conflicting data emphasize the caution with which psilocybin should be implemented clinically, especially in high doses. Animal studies and clinical trials in the future should verify the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of epilepsy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.22541/au.176701186.65064859/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176701186.65064859/v1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Narrative review, Serotonergic, Medicine, Narrative, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, Epilepsy, Hallucinogen, Review article, MEDLINE, Obsessive compulsive, Depression (economics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117461912\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117461912\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114582204\",\"display_name\":\"Miguel Benjamín Cervera-Sánchez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121441793\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel San-Juan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077433028\",\"display_name\":\"Roberto Díaz-Peregrino\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2991-2874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117633819\",\"display_name\":\"Evelin Zulema Camacho-Castillo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117464135\",\"display_name\":\"Sthefany Anahi Bringas-Ortiz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121481342\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Padilla-Cabezutd\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176701186.65064859/v1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117461912" }, { "id": 4190, "title": "A Nature-Themed Video Intervention Increases Nature Relatedness in Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "a nature themed video intervention increases nature relatedness in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Rhianna Rich, Kelsey T. Laird, Prabha Siddarth, Brittany Youssef, Grace M. Schwartz, Ashley Ramos, Karina Sergi, Micah Linton, L. Schwartzberg, Daniel F. Kelly, Keith G. Heinzerling", "abstract": "Background: Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has shown promising results for treating alcohol use disorder (AUD) and other mental health conditions. Although the precise mechanisms of psychedelic therapies remain unclear, many studies report increased feelings of connectedness following psychedelic experiences. Specifically, both nature relatedness (one’s subjective sense of being connected to nature) and social connectedness (feelings of comprehensive social closeness) have been shown to increase with psychedelic use, and greater connectedness in these domains has been associated with enhanced health and well-being. The current study examined whether a nature-themed video intervention presented to participants undergoing psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy would differentially affect nature relatedness compared with social connectedness in adults with AUD. Methods: A total of 20 participants were randomized to either the visual healing condition (viewing a 42-min nature video; N = 10) or the standard setting condition (guided body scan; music with eyeshades; N = 10). Nature relatedness and social connectedness were measured using the Nature Relatedness Scale (NRS-6) and the Social Connectedness Scale-Revised (SCS-R) at baseline and 2 weeks after the psilocybin session. Results: A significant between-group difference was observed in change in nature relatedness pre-to-postpsilocybin session [χ 2 (1) = 5.74, p = 0.02]. Nature relatedness significantly increased in the visual healing group [median change in NR-6 = 0.33, range = (−0.17, 0.67), p = 0.01], but not in the standard setting group [median change = 0.00; range = (−0.17, 0.33), p = 0.50]. No significant between-group differences were observed for change in social connectedness [χ 2 (1) = 0.89, p = 0.35], and no significant overall change in social connectedness was observed across groups [median change = −1.00, range = (−27, 20), p = 0.90]. Conclusions: Viewing a nature-themed video may enhance nature relatedness among individuals undergoing psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for AUD. Future research should investigate the effects of real-life nature immersion and explore nature relatedness and other forms of connectedness as potential therapeutic targets in psychedelic-assisted and other psychotherapies NCT04410913.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-12-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251387655", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251387655", "keywords": "Social connectedness, Psychology, Feeling, Clinical psychology, Intervention (counseling), Affect (linguistics), Psychotherapist, Mental health, Alcohol use disorder, Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Anhedonia, Social isolation, Session (web analytics), Randomized controlled trial, Social psychology, Peer group, Scale (ratio), Social relation, Psychological intervention, Developmental psychology, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117646156\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117646156\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975798365\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037317432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046071355\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065810673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070109203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085039988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100531626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129907761\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144867145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149416336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2203002557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2282074015\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2657342869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2755417367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775629983\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784860341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885455509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971409116\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971496197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996233343\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999867421\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112064661\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127352965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128390827\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129584613\",\"https://openalex.org/W3173955184\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182096564\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194499267\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203928800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216083737\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216348943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210932781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214940428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226002586\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229931831\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296082062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307554429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307987398\",\"https://openalex.org/W4377693942\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380684709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386849390\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391522039\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392249465\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409274889\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108864498\",\"display_name\":\"Rhianna Rich\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064927444\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey T. Laird\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3194-2522\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081887653\",\"display_name\":\"Prabha Siddarth\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070129323\",\"display_name\":\"Brittany Youssef\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9768-5285\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121627200\",\"display_name\":\"Grace M. Schwartz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121614487\",\"display_name\":\"Ashley Ramos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059388549\",\"display_name\":\"Karina Sergi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113003665\",\"display_name\":\"Micah Linton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109639421\",\"display_name\":\"L. Schwartzberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066155034\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel F. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-056X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068139431\",\"display_name\":\"Keith G. Heinzerling\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9746-5821\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251387655\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117646156" }, { "id": 3701, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Patients With Treatment-resistant Depression and Chronic Suicidal Ideation", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in patients with treatment resistant depression and chronic suicidal ideation", "authors": "Sheppard Pratt Health System", "abstract": "This study aims to explore the safety and tolerability of a single dose of psilocybin (25mg) administered under supportive conditions to adult participants with TRD and chronic suicidal ideation", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05220410", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Suicidal Ideation, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05220410\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3506, "title": "An Open Label Study of Single-Dose Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder With Co-occurring Borderline Personality Disorder", "normalized_title": "an open label study of single dose psilocybin for major depressive disorder with co occurring borderline personality disorder", "authors": "University of Chicago", "abstract": "The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). The primary objective of the proposed study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Ten subjects with MDD and BPD will receive a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin. The hypothesis to be tested is that psilocybin will result significant reduction in symptoms of both MDD and BPD after 1 week and sustained for 4 weeks compared to baseline (improvement in symptoms will be indicated by lower scores on established outcome measures of MDD and BPD symptoms that have been used in prior studies).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05399498", "keywords": "Borderline Personality Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05399498\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Personality Change,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1990, "title": "Group Retreat Psilocybin Therapy for People with Metastatic Cancer with Anxiety and Depression: A Rite of Passage Facilitation Model for a Phase 1/2 Study", "normalized_title": "group retreat psilocybin therapy for people with metastatic cancer with anxiety and depression a rite of passage facilitation model for a phase 1 2 study", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Bonnie A. McGregor, Lindsay Billingsley, Dianna Blom, George Callan, Susanna Myers, John Guy, Sameet Kumar, Melissa Layer, Jackie Levin, Juliana Pérez, Peter Thompson, Kathy Salmonson, Joseph Whinney, Leslie Lazar Thorn", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin therapy is an emerging treatment for cancer-related anxiety, depression, and existential distress. Most clinical trials to date have studied individual models of psilocybin therapy, but group models may offer increased access and benefits of community. Purpose: This technical report describes a group facilitation model developed for an food and drug administration (FDA)-approved Phase 1 to 2 clinical trial that recruited people with metastatic cancer who had moderate or severe symptoms of anxiety or depression in which psilocybin was administered at a 3-day, in-person retreat. Results: The facilitation model we developed for this intervention is based on anthropological studies of ritual, specifically rites of passage, to develop a secular ritual with therapeutic aims. Using rites of passage terminology, “separation” corresponds to preparation, “liminal” corresponds to the psilocybin dosing session, and “reincorporation” corresponds to integration. In our usage, the term “ritual” refers to intentionally structured, symbolic acts that embody and reinforce shared meaning, guiding participants through experiences that may otherwise feel unbounded or overwhelming. In the group psilocybin retreat model, ritual functions both psychologically-by supporting emotional regulation, orientation, and meaning-making-and communally-by embedding the individual’s process within a shared field of intention and care. Conclusion: To our knowledge this is the first FDA-approved clinical trial of a secular ritual-based group facilitation model for psychedelic therapy that is associated with empirically demonstrated safety and efficacy outcomes.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-12-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251404460", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251404460", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Facilitation, Anxiety, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Clinical psychology, Mediation, Explanatory model, Intervention (counseling), Group psychotherapy, Medicine, Cancer, Depression (economics), Mental health, Existentialism, Phase (matter), Randomized controlled trial, Hallucinogen, Trance, Rite of passage, Marital Therapy, Attachment theory, Rite, Psychosocial, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7116873484\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7116873484\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1537416593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153303099\",\"https://openalex.org/W2430893194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3114414169\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210625928\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313201591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391924240\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396720923\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402500386\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121110928\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsay Billingsley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121109585\",\"display_name\":\"Dianna Blom\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121094019\",\"display_name\":\"George Callan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104069668\",\"display_name\":\"John Guy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110006341\",\"display_name\":\"Sameet Kumar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121098160\",\"display_name\":\"Melissa Layer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121107381\",\"display_name\":\"Jackie Levin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104052443\",\"display_name\":\"Juliana Pérez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Peter Thompson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086140656\",\"display_name\":\"Kathy Salmonson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121054901\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Whinney\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5096909520\",\"display_name\":\"Leslie Lazar Thorn\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251404460\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7116873484" }, { "id": 3052, "title": "Psilocybin modulates social behaviour in male and female mice in a time-dependent manner", "normalized_title": "psilocybin modulates social behaviour in male and female mice in a time dependent manner", "authors": "Shadani S, McCoy K, Ong L, Greaves E, Conn K, Andrews ZB, Foldi CJ.", "abstract": "With the resurgence of psychedelic research and the growing interest in their therapeutic potential, there is an urgent need to understand how these compounds act across biological sexes. Despite widespread interest in their use for conditions marked by social impairments, including depression, anxiety, and anorexia nervosa, the influence of sex as a biological variable (SABV) on the prosocial effects of psychedelics remains poorly understood. Indeed, enhanced connectedness, sociability and empathy are common outcomes of psychedelic use and these have shaped human social structures for millennia. Here, we investigated the sex-specific effects of a single dose of psilocybin (1.5 mg/kg) in C57BL/6J mice on various aspects of social behaviours. We show an intriguing connection between huddling behaviour and body temperature acutely elicited by psilocybin that was restricted to females. We also observe temporally distinct patterns of social behaviour alterations in female mice, whereby enhanced preference for social novelty was observed after acute effects subsided (4 h post-administration), which was maintained for ∼24 h. Longer-term, the impact of psilocybin was reversed and promoted preference for familiar over novel conspecifics when assessed 7d post-administration, which was associated with prolonged nucleus accumbens dopamine signalling during familiar sniffing. In males, psilocybin reduced stress-related behaviours at 24 h and increased preference for familiar conspecifics, along with blunted novelty-evoked dopamine responses at both 24 h and 7 days post-treatment. Both 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors were involved in modulating these behaviours, though in sex-specific ways. These findings highlight that the prosocial effects of psychedelics are not universal and emphasize the importance of sex-informed approaches in both preclinical research and clinical application. Graphical Abstract", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-12-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.64898/2025.12.18.695064", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.18.695064", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1229283\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Eating Disorders,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 344, "title": "Magic mushrooms and mood: exploring Psilocybin as a depression treatment", "normalized_title": "magic mushrooms and mood exploring psilocybin as a depression treatment", "authors": "M. Haseeb Ul Rasool, Taha Hannan, Muhammad Imam", "abstract": "Dear Editor, In view of ongoing global research on mental health, especially Major Depressive Disorder, we would like to draw attention to a psychedelic substance, Psilocybin, which has been emerging as a viable treatment option for MDD. Psilocybin is a psychedelic compound derived from certain mushrooms that acts on Serotonergic receptors (primarily 5HT-2A). Psychedelic substances have psychological effects, i.e., hallucinations, euphoria, and altered perception (1). Studies have demonstrated their effectiveness in the treatment of disorders like ‘Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)’, and ‘Treatment-Resistant Depression’. Recently, the FDA gave ‘breakthrough’ therapy status to a psilocybin treatment developed by London-based biotechnology company ‘Compass Pathways Ltd’ as stated in (2).", "journal": "Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association", "publication_date": "2025-12-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.47391/jpma.30858", "pubmed_id": "41736353", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.30858", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Serotonergic, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Major depressive disorder, Obsessive compulsive, MAGIC (telescope), Perception, Medicine, Psychological therapy, Depressive symptoms, Altered state, Cognition, Clinical psychology, Pharmacology, Mental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117257845\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7117257845\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073484313\",\"display_name\":\"M. Haseeb Ul Rasool\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109551135\",\"display_name\":\"Taha Hannan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087310560\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Imam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9131-6964\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S26751084\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.30858\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7117257845" }, { "id": 4195, "title": "Effects of LSD and Psilocybin on Heart Rate in Patients Receiving Psychedelic Treatment for Depressive and Anxiety Disorders: A Retrospective Observational Study", "normalized_title": "effects of lsd and psilocybin on heart rate in patients receiving psychedelic treatment for depressive and anxiety disorders a retrospective observational study", "authors": "Mylène Cheng, Tatiana Aboulafia Brakha, Albert Buchard, Raya Anastasova, Léa Girani, Anna Breitenmoser, Sylvie Alaux, Cédric Mabilais, Caroline Amberger, Federico Seragnoli, Leonice Furtado, Gabriel Thorens, Daniele Zullino, Louise Penzenstadler", "abstract": "Classic psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin induce mild cardiovascular activation in addition to their psychological effects. While these effects are well described in healthy adults, little is known about their dynamics in clinical populations undergoing psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. This retrospective, observational, single-center study analyzed routinely collected data from 30 patients (mean age = 51.56 ± 12.19 years; 15/30 female) treated under compassionate use for treatment-resistant depression or anxiety disorders. Participants received either LSD (100-200 mcg) or psilocybin (15-30 mg) in supervised outpatient sessions. Heart rate and self-rated anxiety (VAS0-100) were recorded at seven intervals from 30 to 300 min post-administration. Linear mixed models examined heart rate trajectories over time × substance, controlling for age and, in a second model, perceived anxiety. Linear mixed models revealed no significant main effect of time (F(6, 77.25) = 0.76, p = 0.60) or substance (F(1, 30.82) = 0.66, p = 0.42), but a significant time × substance interaction (F(6, 77.25) = 3.03, p = 0.01). LSD was associated with a delayed but sustained increase in heart rate peaking at 3-4 h, whereas psilocybin showed an earlier decline. These patterns persisted after adjustment for age and anxiety, and anxiety did not significantly modify the relationship between time and substance. No serious cardiovascular adverse events occurred. These preliminary findings suggest that LSD and psilocybin may produce distinct temporal patterns of cardiovascular activation in clinical settings. However, interpretation should be cautious due to the retrospective design, small sample size, and dose imbalance between substances.", "journal": "Psychology International", "publication_date": "2025-12-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/psycholint8010001", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/psycholint8010001", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Heart rate, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), Lysergic acid diethylamide, Adverse effect, Psychiatry, Psychology, Medicine, Observational study, Heart rate variability, Internal medicine, Clinical psychology, Anxiety disorder, Retrospective cohort study, Cognition, Anesthesia, Clearance rate, Somatic anxiety, Young adult, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417497243\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417497243\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2014320894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032780142\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044620539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095233676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111879712\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117234353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159601487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2339162672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589071607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2607844825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983486486\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383058572\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385666098\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893679\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391480853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392888270\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398759816\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402238710\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402680012\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Mylène Cheng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116852081\",\"display_name\":\"Tatiana Aboulafia Brakha\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6878-4276\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5098758606\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Buchard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100500177\",\"display_name\":\"Raya Anastasova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100500176\",\"display_name\":\"Léa Girani\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120856988\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Breitenmoser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100500180\",\"display_name\":\"Sylvie Alaux\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091929997\",\"display_name\":\"Cédric Mabilais\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100500181\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline Amberger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076109553\",\"display_name\":\"Federico Seragnoli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9261-770X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091929996\",\"display_name\":\"Leonice Furtado\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011794985\",\"display_name\":\"Gabriel Thorens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3622-9179\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024403583\",\"display_name\":\"Daniele Zullino\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2468-8965\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054543118\",\"display_name\":\"Louise Penzenstadler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1379-0243\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5407034203\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychology International\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/psycholint8010001\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417497243" }, { "id": 3521, "title": "A Phase III, Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Investigate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of COMP360 in Participants With Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase iii multicentre randomised double blind placebo controlled study to investigate the efficacy safety and tolerability of comp360 in participants with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of a single administration of COMP360 in participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) This is a phase III, international, multi-centre, randomised, parallel group, fixed single-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The study population will include participants aged ≥18 years with TRD. Overall, 255 participants will be randomised in a 2:1 ratio to receive COMP360 25 mg or placebo. The study comprises three parts (A, B, and C) and will last approximately 62 weeks including a three- to ten-week Screening Period. Part A will include a six-week follow-up from initial investigational product (IP) administration. In this study, the primary aim is to assess the efficacy and safety of a single dose of COMP360 25 mg versus placebo for reducing symptom severity in TRD, when administered with psychological support. This will be assessed in a 6-week, single-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled part of the study (Part A). Durability of efficacy and long-term safety, and the efficacy and safety of re-treatment will be assessed in a 20-week single-dose, double-blind re-treatment part (Part B), and a 26-week open-label treatment part (Part C).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05624268", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05624268\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 392, "title": "Psilocybin reporting in media (PRiMe) for the treatment of depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin reporting in media prime for the treatment of depression", "authors": "Gurjot Brar, T. R. JUN. BURKE, Andrew Gribben, Colm Harrington, Guillaume Thuery, John R. Kelly", "abstract": "OBJECTIVES: Interest in psilocybin as a treatment for depression has risen over the past decade, fuelled by promising clinical trials and a rapidly evolving regulatory landscape. Media coverage plays a critical role in shaping public perceptions, yet little is known about how psilocybin is portrayed in global anglophone online news for the treatment of depression. METHODS: = 125) discussing psilocybin as a treatment for depression from January 2000 to May 2024. Articles were sourced from the top 30 global anglophone news outlets, assessed using a 13-item instrument for comprehensiveness, and analysed for sentiment across five thematic categories. A separate sub-analysis was completed for Irish media. RESULTS: Findings indicate a significant increase in coverage over time, with 43.2% of articles published between 2022 and 2024, predominantly from the USA (68%). While 90.4% of articles cited researchers, fewer addressed risks (47.2%), long-term evidence (46.4%), or patient perspectives (25%). Sentiment analysis revealed a very positive sentiment across articles which was 2.27 on a scale from -5 (most negative) to + 5 (most positive) (SD1.33), with no significant changes over the time period. Reporting on psilocybin's onset and duration of effects increased significantly, reflecting growing clinical evidence. However, coverage remains concentrated in prominent outlets, with limited attention to patient experiences and long-term safety. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the media's role in shaping discourse on emerging treatments and suggest a need for more balanced reporting to align public understanding with scientific evidence. This study provides a foundation for future research on media portrayals of psilocybin and implications for public perception and policy.", "journal": "Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-12-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1017/ipm.2025.10142", "pubmed_id": "41410115", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2025.10142", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Foundation (evidence), Perception, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Public health, MEDLINE, Public discourse, Public opinion, Media coverage, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417453981\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417453981\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2082662662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170196196\",\"https://openalex.org/W2181352742\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592269420\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896529565\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981686921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982483551\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091400816\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120059502\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215496863\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220953030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292410066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297272067\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318455092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318567094\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319457565\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320507195\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376107756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378602926\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385173317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396518351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398137313\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401584843\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404152712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405376152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405660466\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406472189\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090579400\",\"display_name\":\"Gurjot Brar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4273-063X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102330353\",\"display_name\":\"T. R. JUN. BURKE\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027012302\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Gribben\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044959285\",\"display_name\":\"Colm Harrington\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-3640\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055356301\",\"display_name\":\"Guillaume Thuery\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3391-5293\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S27105705\",\"source_display_name\":\"Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2025.10142\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417453981" }, { "id": 353, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for individuals with palliative care needs: A systematic review of safety and efficacy.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for individuals with palliative care needs a systematic review of safety and efficacy", "authors": "Matos ARS, Silva AC, Rego L, Fernandes R, Gonçalves S.", "abstract": "BackgroundPalliative Care is concerned with relieving suffering and improving the quality of life of patients and their families. Currently, questions arise about how to provide patients with good end-of-life care. There has been increasing interest in the beneficial effects of using psilocybin-assisted therapy in patients with severe chronic illnesses near the end of their lives and who present symptoms of depression and/or anxiety.AimExplore the role of psilocybin-assisted therapy in palliative care, synthesizing evidence from clinical trials and longitudinal studies.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesA bibliographic search was performed in April 2024 in B-on, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Eligible studies included peer-reviewed quantitative research (RCTs, longitudinal, and observational designs) with adult participants in palliative care settings, examining the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted therapy. Reviews, gray literature, and studies outside the scope of palliative care were excluded.ResultsOf the 215 articles found, six studies (n = 74 participants; age range 22-75 years) met the inclusion criteria. Across randomized and open-label trials, psilocybin-assisted therapy produced clinically significant reductions in depression and anxiety, with 57-79% of participants achieving ⩾ 50% symptom reduction on standardized scales (e.g. HAM-D, HAM-A, BDI, STAI). Improvements were sustained for up to 6-8 months in most trials, and in one follow-up study, for up to 4.5 years. Reported adverse effects were generally mild and transient, including nausea, vomiting, and temporary increases in blood pressure and heart rate; no serious adverse events were observed.ConclusionsPsilocybin-assisted therapy consistently demonstrated efficacy and safety in the reduction of depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, more studies exploring integrating psilocybin-assisted therapy into existing palliative care healthcare systems are needed. This includes investigating the feasibility, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness of integrating psilocybin-assisted therapy into routine clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02692163251383335", "pubmed_id": "41410211", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163251383335", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Palliative Care, Depression, Anxiety, Quality of Life, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41410211\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 294, "title": "Psilocybin in the real world: Regulatory, ethical, and operational challenges in Australia’s clinical landscape", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the real world regulatory ethical and operational challenges in australia s clinical landscape", "authors": "Megan Dutton, Paul Schwenn, Jules Mitchell, Per Hoffmann, Neil W. Bailey, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Jim Lagopoulos, Adem Can", "abstract": "Australia's reclassification of psilocybin as a Schedule 8 substance for treatment-resistant depression represents a significant shift in psychiatric policy. While this regulatory change positions Australia as a global leader in psychedelic medicine, its implementation has revealed substantial challenges. This article critically examines the regulatory, ethical and operational complexities surrounding the provision of psilocybin-assisted therapy in clinical practice. Key issues include limited prescriber access, absence of Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods-listed products, lack of standardised training pathways and significant cost barriers. Ethical considerations such as informed consent, cultural safety and therapeutic fidelity are also discussed, particularly in the context of trauma-informed care. This article proposes a series of structural recommendations to support safe and equitable deployment, including national training accreditation and fidelity monitoring tools. In addition, to maximise the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy, we recommend that research explores the potential of neurobiologically informed stratification models to assist with treatment recommendations. These recommendations aim to enhance clinical integrity through evidence-based patient selection, improved safety, and to ensure that emerging psychedelic treatments are integrated responsibly within Australia's mental health system. By addressing these foundational gaps, Australia can move beyond regulatory novelty ensuring the therapeutic potential of these products is realised in a manner which is scientifically sound and upholds the integrity of psychiatric practice.", "journal": "Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-12-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/00048674251398677", "pubmed_id": "41405025", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251398677", "keywords": "Mental health, Context (archaeology), Novelty, Accreditation, Fidelity, Psychology, Engineering ethics, Medicine, Multidisciplinary approach, Ethical issues, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Health care, Patient safety, Public relations, Project commissioning, Competence (human resources), Schedule, Clinical trial, Informed consent, Key (lock), Mental illness, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417431364\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417431364\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2012101788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2749595928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794329512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2986842001\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029961383\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093676138\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112909063\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210625928\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214226891\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220928043\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281666404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300960088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316511384\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366352039\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376107756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378745947\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385805479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389035919\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393238047\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394874345\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400361932\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405565174\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410851090\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412555614\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413037134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413521552\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041395883\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Dutton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5209-2801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001791405\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Schwenn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-8113\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014308852\",\"display_name\":\"Jules Mitchell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3086-7129\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026517521\",\"display_name\":\"Per Hoffmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6573-983X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038772618\",\"display_name\":\"Neil W. Bailey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8483-1068\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083159520\",\"display_name\":\"Paul B. Fitzgerald\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-8096\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041201452\",\"display_name\":\"Jim Lagopoulos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5684-8583\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051802152\",\"display_name\":\"Adem Can\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7686-8840\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S179943861\",\"source_display_name\":\"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251398677\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417431364" }, { "id": 229, "title": "Breaking the chains of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of psilocybin therapy", "normalized_title": "breaking the chains of depression a systematic review and meta analysis of psilocybin therapy", "authors": "Faheem Ahmed Khan, Nuruliarizki Shinta Pandupuspitasari, Tewin Tencomnao, Siriporn Chuchawankul", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2025-12-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.120882", "pubmed_id": "41419063", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120882", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Mood, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychiatry, Cognition, Mood disorders, Systematic review, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Substance use, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), MEDLINE, Mental health, Mental illness, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417535188\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417535188\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034911394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051426845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104493382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2337075201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2557987083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2557998092\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558291661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766270028\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784860341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794118706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807286797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023228010\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081977832\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087462486\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110345791\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110773874\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169261903\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182096564\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200528712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200117112\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210913256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214830215\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280498396\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282982392\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283584241\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285041046\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302007737\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308486832\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312905304\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387671343\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893679\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389304198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389728826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390176357\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390629750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391067287\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391617258\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392203910\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392888270\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392948774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394873909\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395110324\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400311237\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405570262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405599349\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405922737\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955639\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406120474\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406325139\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408581056\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087749053\",\"display_name\":\"Faheem Ahmed Khan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3590-4320\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nuruliarizki Shinta Pandupuspitasari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Tewin Tencomnao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Siriporn Chuchawankul\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120882\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417535188" }, { "id": 4201, "title": "Preadministration of Lorazepam Negates the Long-Term Antidepressant-Like Effects of Psilocybin in Male Wistar Kyoto Rats", "normalized_title": "preadministration of lorazepam negates the long term antidepressant like effects of psilocybin in male wistar kyoto rats", "authors": "Sophie Woodruff, Meghan Hibicke, Charles D. Nichols", "abstract": "Introduction:Psilocybin, a classical psychedelic, has shown to produce persistent antidepressant effects, including in patients with treatment-resistant depression. In clinical practice, it is common to coprescribe benzodiazepines (BZDs) alongside antidepressants. However, our preliminary study indicated that preadministration of lorazepam diminished the antidepressant-like efficacy and longevity of psilocin. These results raise concern about the potential reduction of therapeutic benefits in psilocybin-assisted therapy for patients concurrently prescribed BZDs. The current study aimed to confirm these results while exploring psilocybin’s long-term effects on neuroplasticity-related gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex. Methods:Male Wistar Kyoto rats were given saline (S/S), lorazepam (L/S), psilocybin (S/P), or lorazepam followed by psilocybin (L/P). Treatments were delivered as two intraperitoneal injections separated by 30 min. Rats were tested in the forced swim test at 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 weeks post-treatment. Tissue punches from the anterior cingulate cortex, prelimbic cortex (PL), and infralimbic cortex were collected for quantitative PCR analysis of 17 targets normalized to Ywhaz. Results:S/P rats exhibited sustained antidepressant-like effects for up to 9 weeks compared with control (S/S). L/P rats did not exhibit antidepressant-like effects at any time point, similarly to S/S. Lorazepam was associated with a decrease in Gria3 expression, and psilocybin was associated with an increase in Gria4 expression at 12 weeks post-treatment in the PL. Conclusions:Psilocybin produced long-lasting antidepressant-like effects, and administration of a BZD prior to psilocybin prevented these effects. Two genes were altered in response to treatment; however, their implications in antidepressant-like effects remain elusive.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-12-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251393186", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251393186", "keywords": "Lorazepam, Psilocybin, Pharmacology, Prefrontal cortex, Anesthesia, Anterior cingulate cortex, Infralimbic cortex, Medicine, Saline, Antidepressant, Psychology, Cingulate cortex, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Intraperitoneal injection, Cortex (anatomy), Serotonin, Elevated plus maze, Chemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7116737777\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7116737777\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1941293036\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966625400\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971347175\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972114409\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993689807\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008575691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012077435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013598219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015011531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027917639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029009210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044993165\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087404956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089299823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094297227\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094655258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110572089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111990860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131360673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131658919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139121184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2276857175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2527749820\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2601818980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624504638\",\"https://openalex.org/W2740449411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793853595\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795284621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801290777\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809546062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898344414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911145260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933289315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948487620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955918581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964824489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994049374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007694136\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049710029\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082674901\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086471578\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093084992\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108229983\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175615431\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178494086\",\"https://openalex.org/W3181088612\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203928800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204635266\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211023054\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231648787\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296373810\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367677622\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385230722\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386477854\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392231460\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400569737\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120995073\",\"display_name\":\"Sophie Woodruff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008298741\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan Hibicke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9394-9789\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062966169\",\"display_name\":\"Charles D. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-0646\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251393186\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Longevity,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7116737777" }, { "id": 4199, "title": "Exploring Determinants of Psilocybin Acceptance as an Alternative Modality for Major Depressive Disorder: A Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "exploring determinants of psilocybin acceptance as an alternative modality for major depressive disorder a pilot study", "authors": "Shannon Antoine-Hardy, D’Elia Bonilla", "abstract": "Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects over 21 million adults in the U.S (NIMH, 2023) and remains a significant public health challenge. Despite the effectiveness of traditional medications, 30% of patients remains resistant. Little is known about the beliefs individuals hold regarding novel treatments, such as psilocybin and the motivations behind medication acceptance. This study utilized the Health Belief Model (HBM) to explore factors influencing psilocybin-assisted therapy acceptance (PATA) among young adults with major depressive disorder. Methods: This pilot sample consisted of 33 young adults, primarily African American/Black women with self-reported diagnosis of MDD, who were recruited from four outpatient behavioral mental health clinics in Florida. A cross-sectional design was employed. Spearman's Rho Coefficient was performed for variables found to be associated with PATA. A hierarchical regression was also performed to analyze the utility of HBM constructs to explain variance. Results: The bivariate analysis indicated demographic variables were not significantly correlated with PATA (rs values ranging from -.285 to -.039, all P >.05), suggesting demographic factors did not play a significant role in predicting PATA. Model 1 included positively correlated predictors, showing a significant correlation between the two predictors and PATA (R=.506), accounting for 25.6% of variance in scores; R2 =.256, F (3,27) =3.10, P=.043. The HBM constructs in Model 2 strengthen the correlation with PATA (R=.916) and further increased in variance with an R2=.839. Adding the HBM constructs substantially improved the model (F (19,11) = 3.01, P =.033), suggesting the expanded set of variables significantly predicted PATA. Conclusion: Perceived benefits emerged as the strongest predictor of PATA (β =.584, P =.006), highlighting the need for communication strategies that emphasize evidence-based outcomes on psilocybin’s efficacy in reducing MDD symptoms. The inclusion of the HBM constructs suggest that psilocybin acceptance can be increased through targeted interventions.", "journal": "Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research", "publication_date": "2025-12-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.9734/jocamr/2025/v26i11723", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2025/v26i11723", "keywords": "Bivariate analysis, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Major depressive disorder, Mental health, Public health, Multilevel model, Variance (accounting), Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Regression analysis, Correlation, Analysis of variance, Set (abstract data type), Logistic regression, Multivariate analysis of variance, Psilocybin, Structural equation modeling, Explained variation, Depressive symptoms, Linear regression, Sample (material), Multivariate analysis, Variables, Health belief model, Self-efficacy, Cross-sectional study, Mental illness, Young adult, Explanatory model, Contrast (vision), Medicine, Demography, Health care, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417387420\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417387420\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120820335\",\"display_name\":\"Shannon Antoine-Hardy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"D’Elia Bonilla\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210177742\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2025/v26i11723\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417387420" }, { "id": 293, "title": "Psychedelic experiences elicited by serotonergic psychedelics: Molecular mechanisms and functional connectivity changes in the brain.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic experiences elicited by serotonergic psychedelics molecular mechanisms and functional connectivity changes in the brain", "authors": "Vollebregt R, Storm AEM, Lucassen PJ, Somers M.", "abstract": "Classical psychedelics, like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and psilocybin, can alter perception, emotion, and cognition, and have shown promise as 're-purposed' treatments for some psychiatric disorders. Recent trials have, e.g., demonstrated rapid and sustained symptom relief in treatment-resistant depression. While promising as a treatment, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying both the subjective and clinical effects remain incompletely understood. Also, their broader influence on (intra) cellular processes, neural circuits, and brain-wide connectivity is less well documented. Here, we review the molecular and network-level alterations induced by classical serotonergic psychedelics through a systematic review of experimental and (pre)clinical studies from 1990 onward. We focus on the short-term impact on receptor activity, intracellular signaling, and functional brain connectivity underlying the psychedelic experience. Most psychedelics primarily act as serotonin 5-HT₂A receptor agonists, initiating intracellular signaling pathways that modulate neuroplasticity, glutamate release, and cortical excitability. Psychedelics disrupt functional network connectivity, particularly within the default mode network, while enhancing global integration across brain regions. These effects are associated with subjective experiences of 'ego dissolution' and altered perception, which may contribute to their therapeutic effects. This review synthesizes findings at the molecular and systems level and their interaction during the psychedelic state. While no single model explains all effects, several overlapping theories begin to bridge receptor-level activity with large-scale brain connectivity changes. Improving our understanding of their neurobiological basis may help clarify how psychedelics act and allows for more tailored opportunities to enhance their therapeutic effects and clinical application in a stratified manner.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106529", "pubmed_id": "41412413", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106529", "keywords": "Brain, Nerve Net, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41412413\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Emotional Processing,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4203, "title": "COMPARATIVE EFFICACY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF PSILOCYBIN-KETAMINE AND TYPICAL ANTIDEPRESSANTS FOR MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER MANAGEMENT: A NETWORK META-ANALYSIS", "normalized_title": "comparative efficacy and acceptability of psilocybin ketamine and typical antidepressants for major depressive disorder management a network meta analysis", "authors": "Pedro Rodrigues, Weliton Rodrigues dos Santos Júnior, Ivan de Sousa Araújo, Leonardo Maia Leony, Fernanda Adélia Almeida Custódio Pires Gomes, Tairone Matos de Lima Junior, Luís Felipe Freitas Moreira, Rafael Telles Santana, Manoel Carlos Matos Santos, R. Silva", "abstract": "Objective: To compare acceptability and effectiveness of psilocybin, ketamine and commonly prescribed antidepressants in the management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Methods: This is a systematic review with network meta-analysis. The survey was conducted between January and June 2023, employing MEDLINE, PsyINFO, Embase, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. Randomized controlled clinical trials involving escitalopram, bupropion, paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine, ketamine or psilocybin in MDD were included. We analyzed effectiveness and acceptability of medications through depressive symptom scores and proportion of patients who dropped out, respectively. Results: 5845 documents were identified, of which 149 were reviewed. In terms of efficacy, all antidepressants were more effective than placebo, with psilocybin and ketamine achieving a lower depressive symptom score and suicide ideation. Regarding acceptability, the placebo obtained significantly better results than evaluated drugs. Psilocybin had the highest surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) score among the interventions with 100 and 86.96 for efficacy and acceptability followed to ketamine with 86.83 and 84.56, respectively. Conclusions: Psilocybin and ketamine have been shown to be superior to all other interventions with regard to efficacy and acceptability, including the treatment-refractory MDD. Thus, the results seem to show in this study that the psilocybin e ketamine can serve for better decision-making by physicians in the therapeutic management of MDD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-12-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.55905/edicon.978-65-83115-47-8_8", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.55905/edicon.978-65-83115-47-8_8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Ketamine, Major depressive disorder, Psychological intervention, Medicine, Suicidal ideation, Psychiatry, Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Clinical psychology, Meta-analysis, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Psychology, MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Fluoxetine, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Treatment of Major Depression, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417258517\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417258517\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101439518\",\"display_name\":\"Pedro Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6955-8868\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120777830\",\"display_name\":\"Weliton Rodrigues dos Santos Júnior\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001946586\",\"display_name\":\"Ivan de Sousa Araújo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015769888\",\"display_name\":\"Leonardo Maia Leony\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-8332\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Fernanda Adélia Almeida Custódio Pires Gomes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Tairone Matos de Lima Junior\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Luís Felipe Freitas Moreira\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Rafael Telles Santana\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Manoel Carlos Matos Santos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024217341\",\"display_name\":\"R. Silva\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-1723\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.55905/edicon.978-65-83115-47-8_8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417258517" }, { "id": 3059, "title": "Age and cannabis co-use are associated with differences in experience and perceived benefits of psilocybin: a retrospective study", "normalized_title": "age and cannabis co use are associated with differences in experience and perceived benefits of psilocybin a retrospective study", "authors": "", "abstract": "As psychedelic use increases, understanding how demographic and behavioral factors influence the effects of psychedelics is essential for both research and public health. This cross-sectional retrospective study examined 365 people who currently use psilocybin, analyzing differences in acute experiences, psychological outcomes, and substance co-use patterns. Participants were categorized into young (18-25), middle-aged (26-54), and older (55-77) adults. Results showed that younger participants reported significantly more adverse experiences while older adults had milder effects. Despite differences in adverse experiences, age did not significantly impact mystical experiences, psychological insight, or psychological outcomes. Polysubstance use patterns also varied by age, as younger adults were more likely to co-use nicotine with psilocybin. Cannabis co-use specifically was associated with greater perceived improvements in quality of life, anxiety, depression, and alcohol abuse, suggesting potential synergies between psilocybin and THC. These findings emphasize that age and cannabis co-use may modulate aspects of psilocybin’s acute effects and therapeutic outcomes. Given the increasing legalization and accessibility of psychedelics, future research should further investigate mechanisms underlying individual differences and assess the impact of polysubstance use with psychedelics.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-12-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/dczw2_v2", "keywords": "age, cannabis, harms, psilocybin, psychedelic, public health, well being, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Health Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"dczw2_v2\",\"version\":2,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Mystical Experience,Older Adults", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3048, "title": "Real-World Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: a Retrospective Observational Study", "normalized_title": "real world psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression a retrospective observational study", "authors": "Jungwirth J, Westenhöfer S, Aicher H, Provaznikova B, Kronenberg G, Seifritz E, Prinz S, Olbrich S.", "abstract": "Abstract Psilocybin has demonstrated promising antidepressant effects in depression and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in controlled clinical trials. However, its effectiveness and safety in real-world therapeutic settings remain largely unknown. Although psilocybin is not yet approved as an antidepressant treatment, Switzerland’s unique legal framework allows its limited medical use for TRD. We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records from 19 TRD patients treated with psilocybin (20-35mg) across one to four dosing sessions at the Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich. Depression severity was assessed using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI). Changes from baseline to interim and post-treatment were analyzed, including response, remission, and the reliable change index. MADRS scores significantly decreased from baseline ( M = 30.78) to post-treatment ( M = 19.89), with a large effect size (Hedges’ g = 1.37, p", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2025-12-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8079137/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8079137/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1132641\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 354, "title": "Psilocybin in late-life mental health: Addressing depression, loneliness, and existential anxiety", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in late life mental health addressing depression loneliness and existential anxiety", "authors": "Gerasimos Konstantinou, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Sarah Hales, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, Daniel M. Blumberger", "abstract": "The global demographic shift toward aging populations has intensified the need for innovative therapeutic interventions targeting late-life mental health conditions, notably depression, loneliness, and existential distress. Traditional pharmacological treatments often exhibit limited efficacy and poor tolerability in older patients, primarily due to age-related physiological changes and the challenges associated with polypharmacy. Recently, psychedelic-assisted therapy, particularly psilocybin, has gained attention for its potential antidepressant and psychological benefits. This comprehensive review critically evaluates the current evidence supporting psilocybin's effectiveness in older populations and elucidates its neurobiological mechanisms, including serotonergic modulation, enhanced neuroplasticity, and the disruption of maladaptive default mode network activity. Clinical trials in general adult samples demonstrate sustained improvements in depressive symptoms, existential anxiety, and social connectedness following psilocybin administration, suggesting its distinct therapeutic potential beyond conventional treatments. However, geriatric populations are underrepresented in psychedelic research, creating significant knowledge gaps regarding dosing, safety profiles, and long-term outcomes. Pharmacokinetic complexities, cardiovascular risks, and drug interactions necessitate age-specific therapeutic protocols. Ethical considerations, including the complexities of informed consent in cases of cognitive impairment, further underscore the importance of tailored approaches. Future directions must prioritize dedicated geriatric studies that incorporate rigorous safety assessments and integrate findings into existing geriatric care frameworks to fully assess the potential of psilocybin for enhancing late-life mental health and quality of life.", "journal": "General Hospital Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-12-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.12.005", "pubmed_id": "41401486", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.12.005", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychological intervention, Psychology, Anxiety, Mental health, Tolerability, Cognition, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Antidepressant, Informed consent, Medicine, Clinical trial, MEDLINE, Mental illness, Polypharmacy, Depression (economics), Social connectedness, Quality of life (healthcare), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417166023\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417166023\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1531988994\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975380080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007816489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047342826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053580809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054169331\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055862036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088140721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108129761\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111553780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122879540\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127005038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131764590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312396951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2335478514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2518041136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2586877732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2609801503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2736123236\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901739937\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952447426\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998525361\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021136383\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080361799\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159481221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207449839\",\"https://openalex.org/W3217718387\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200455094\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282931386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283524493\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294723946\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296373810\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306663560\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306913343\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308768859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309494777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323656393\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365141030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384664606\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385542937\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893679\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390988530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391115210\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391824403\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391841842\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391959916\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391967348\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392004581\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392049752\",\"https://openalex.org/W4397049758\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401920066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405510726\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406599518\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407642838\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408049629\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410119026\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410795265\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051147741\",\"display_name\":\"Gerasimos Konstantinou\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-1633\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060578045\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Hales\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-8124\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078217449\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-5750\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108125787\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel M. Blumberger\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S45708651\",\"source_display_name\":\"General Hospital Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.12.005\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417166023" }, { "id": 256, "title": "The Relationship Between Participant Pretreatment Clinical Presentation and the Quality of Psilocybin Experience", "normalized_title": "the relationship between participant pretreatment clinical presentation and the quality of psilocybin experience", "authors": "Namik Kirlić, Merve Atli, Sunil Mistry, Michael Gold, Guy M. Goodwin", "abstract": "PURPOSE/BACKGROUND: The therapeutic effects of psilocybin treatment are thought to be influenced by the subjective dose-dependent psychedelic experience, as well as the individual participant's mindset and the treatment environment. However, the relative contribution of an individual's pretreatment clinical characteristics and their subjective psychedelic experience remains unclear. We examined the relationship between pretreatment participant factors and the acute effects of COMP360 psilocybin. METHODS/PROCEDURES: Participants (N=233) with treatment-resistant depression received a single dose of 25, 10, or 1 mg of COMP360 psilocybin (a synthesized, pharmaceutical-grade, proprietary formulation of psilocybin, developed by the sponsor, Compass Pathfinder Ltd., a subsidiary of Compass Pathways plc: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03775200). The psychedelic experience was assessed by the Five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness questionnaire (5D-ASC) and Emotional Breakthrough Inventory (EBI). We used hierarchical regression to measure the relative contribution of pretreatment clinical characteristics (along the cognitive-affective, somatic, and functional impairment domains) in addition to the drug dose to the subjective psychedelic experience. FINDINGS/RESULTS: Dose was the strongest and most consistent predictor of the psychedelic experience. Some pretreatment characteristics contributed weakly to subjective experiences. Positive affect, lower generalized anxiety symptoms, higher executive functioning, and greater personality disorder symptoms had significant effects on different aspects of the subjective psychedelic experience. IMPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: These findings challenge the assumption that pretreatment characteristics are major determinants of the acute psychedelic experience. While some traits may modestly modulate aspects of the experience, dose remains the largest driver.", "journal": "Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-12-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1097/jcp.0000000000002119", "pubmed_id": "41362124", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000002119", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Presentation (obstetrics), Medicine, Quality (philosophy), Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Quality of life (healthcare), Clinical trial, Physical therapy, Patient experience, Participant observation, Intensive care medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417148678\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417148678\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986127454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007445014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099917845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108984307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166934228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594757562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994058197\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387389328\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408072192\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078220787\",\"display_name\":\"Namik Kirlić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-8774\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058910594\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Gold\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4410-1669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S76849566\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000002119\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417148678" }, { "id": 4205, "title": "Are Magic Mushrooms the Magic to Healing?", "normalized_title": "are magic mushrooms the magic to healing", "authors": "Wohlfarth, Gale, Hardy, Susan, Ray, Herman", "abstract": "“Magic mushrooms” produce a naturally occurring psychedelic compound called psilocybin. Public opinion surrounding psilocybin mushrooms generally holds that they are primarily used for recreational purposes, which may have contributed to their widespread prohibition in the United States. However, prior studies have demonstrated the potential efficacy of psilocybin in treating depression, anxiety, PTSD, migraines, and end-of-life psychological distress. Drawing on published research as well as information found in this observational data, the need for further advocacy of “magic mushrooms” as a legitimate medicine is clearly identified. Using a data set from DRYAD, an open-source data repository, psilocybin use among 7,139 U.S. adults in 2021 was analyzed. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of psilocybin usage. Multiple ANOVA and two mean t-tests were used to assess the relationships between an individual’s awareness of psilocybin benefits and their psilocybin usage, versus their anxiety, depression, and Veterans RAND Mental Health Composite scores. Differences of proportions were used to assess the relationships between an individual using psilocybin versus having migraines, having health insurance, using urgent care services, and using alternative healthcare providers. Individuals most likely to use psilocybin mushrooms were male, between the ages of 20 to 30 or 40 to 60, experiencing migraines, aware of psilocybin benefits, and had moderate to severe anxiety. Moderate to severe anxiety, depression, and poor overall mental health were associated with both awareness of psilocybin benefits and psilocybin usage. Regarding physical ailments, individuals with migraines were more likely to be aware of psilocybin’s benefits and were more likely to use psilocybin. People who use psilocybin mushrooms were less likely to have health insurance but were more likely to utilize urgent care services and alternative health resources. Through these statistical analyses, a compelling case is presented to support the usage of psilocybin mushrooms as a legitimate medicine.", "journal": "DigitalCommons - Kennesaw State University (Kennesaw State University)", "publication_date": "2025-12-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/undergradsymposiumksu/fall2025/fall2025/134", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Mental health, MAGIC (telescope), Recreational use, Medicine, Logistic regression, Health care, Cognition, Public health, Observational study, Clinical psychology, Telephone survey, Mental healthcare, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:37", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7113308122\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7113308122\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Wohlfarth, Gale\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Hardy, Susan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Ray, Herman\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196456\",\"source_display_name\":\"DigitalCommons - Kennesaw State University (Kennesaw State University)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/undergradsymposiumksu/fall2025/fall2025/134\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Observational Study,Veterans,Toxicity", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7113308122" }, { "id": 3625, "title": "Investigating the Effects of a Psychedelic-augmented Mental Imagery-based Intervention for Young People With Self-harm Behaviour: an Experimental Medicine Study", "normalized_title": "investigating the effects of a psychedelic augmented mental imagery based intervention for young people with self harm behaviour an experimental medicine study", "authors": "Imperial College London", "abstract": "Approximately 20% of young people experience self-harm behaviour in their lives. Self-harm can occur across different mental health disorders, and lead to negative outcomes and risk of suicide. Current treatments are long, costly and do not suit all young people, making it essential to research alternative treatments. Therapy combined with psychedelic drugs has recently been shown to be helpful in a variety of mental health disorders, including depression. This research project will explore the mechanisms by which combining a low dose of psychedelic psilocybin with a cognitive technique may target self-harm behaviour in young people (aged 16-25). Previous research has shown that mental images of self-harm are common among individuals who self-harm and can increase the urge to self-harm. Imagery Re-Scripting (ImRS) is a cognitive technique that guides an individual to replace mental imagery driving self-harm with an alternative image that will instead discourage self-harm and promote alternative coping strategies. However, during ImRS individuals may fear bringing negative mental images and emotions to mind, hindering the process. Psychedelic substances can increase the ability to tolerate difficult emotions, make thinking styles more flexible and individuals more open to change. Based on this, the aim is to test if enhancing a cognitive technique with a low dose psychedelic can modify the cognitive mechanisms maintaining self- harm behaviour. The aim is to examine the effect of a sub-hallucinogenic dose of psilocybin in combination with ImRS on cognitive processes, such as experiencing vivid mental images, and whether it can reduce these mental images and associated negative emotions in young people with recent self-harm behaviour above the effects of ImRS alone. The hypothesis is that psilocybin could facilitate confronting the emotions that arise during ImRS and make it easier to generate new helpful mental imagery. These experimental data could lay the foundation for future treatment development targeting self-harm in young people.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06798636", "keywords": "Self Harm, Psilocybin 5 mg with cognitive behavioural therapy intervention, Psilocybin, Placebo with cognitive behavioural therapy intervention, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06798636\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3513, "title": "A Phase 2b, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Study of the Effects of Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy on Psychiatric and Existential Distress in Advanced Cancer", "normalized_title": "a phase 2b randomized double blind placebo controlled multi center study of the effects of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy on psychiatric and existential distress in advanced cancer", "authors": "NYU Langone Health", "abstract": "The purpose of this research is to study the safety and effects of single-dose psilocybin 25mg versus an active placebo (single dose niacin 100mg) in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and existential distress (i.e., loss of meaning and hope; fear of death) in advanced cancer (i.e., stage 3 or 4). Study medications will be administered in conjunction with brief psychotherapy that is designed to treat anxiety, depression and existential distress in advanced cancer. This trial is designed to evaluate efficacy and psychological mechanisms of single-dose psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) to treat psychiatric (anxiety, depression) and existential distress (demoralization, death anxiety), and quality-of-life (QOL), in 200 outpatients with late-stage or advanced cancer. The study will assess the strength and durability of therapeutic effects in a double-blind, parallel-design, placebo-controlled, two-center RCT comparing a single 25mg oral 'high' dose of psilocybin to a single 100mg dose of niacin (active placebo), both delivered in conjunction with a psychotherapy platform.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-12-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05398484", "keywords": "Advanced Cancer, Psilocybin 25 mgs, Niacin 100mg, Psychotherapy, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05398484\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\",\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 403, "title": "Questioning the recovery of dissociated traumatic memories under psilocybin: comment on “Therapeutic emergence of dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa”", "normalized_title": "questioning the recovery of dissociated traumatic memories under psilocybin comment on therapeutic emergence of dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa", "authors": "Samuli Kangaslampi, Max Wolff, Manoj K. Doss, Lilian Kloft, Henry Otgaar", "abstract": "In their recent case report article, Peck and colleagues suggested that two patients recovered dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa. These case reports are of clinical and scientific interest and confirm that psychedelics may induce vivid memory-like experiences. However, the reports warrant scrutiny. Here, based on what is known about recovered memories and the effects of psychedelics, we argue that the authors may not have adequately considered alternative explanations. The cases do not necessarily demonstrate that psilocybin induces recovery of dissociated traumatic memories or could treat dissociative amnesia. We further caution against the authors' suggestion of explicitly preparing patients for the emergence of forgotten material.", "journal": "Journal of Eating Disorders", "publication_date": "2025-12-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8", "pubmed_id": "41345723", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Traumatic memories, Anorexia, Dissociative, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychological trauma, Depression (economics), Warrant, Emotional trauma, Psychoanalysis, Clinical psychology, Developmental psychology, Cognition, Autobiographical memory, False memory, Automatism (medicine), Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416977442\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416977442\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1983083273\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012235211\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032847834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037317432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090479205\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142434925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2464926909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2486076347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598534449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2963759613\",\"https://openalex.org/W3168528669\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210716284\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366490758\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400037700\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401228042\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402989868\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403783474\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407181258\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408502085\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410748059\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032158710\",\"display_name\":\"Samuli Kangaslampi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0480-9806\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075794355\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-9633\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084261335\",\"display_name\":\"Manoj K. Doss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2939-2522\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075987185\",\"display_name\":\"Lilian Kloft\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4615-9581\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042607660\",\"display_name\":\"Henry Otgaar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2782-2181\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210234357\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Eating Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Emotional Processing,Case Report,Toxicity", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416977442" }, { "id": 4212, "title": "Magic Mushrooms as Medicine: What the United States Can Learn from Jamaica’s Unregulated Psilocybin Industry as FDA Approval Nears", "normalized_title": "magic mushrooms as medicine what the united states can learn from jamaica s unregulated psilocybin industry as fda approval nears", "authors": "Spohn, Kyle", "abstract": "In 1970, Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act and swiftly placed psilocybin (the active chemical in “magic mushrooms”) under Schedule I-the strictest level of regulation withheld for substances with “no currently accepted medical use.” While the United States has maintained this rigid framework, Jamaica has taken the opposite approach. Psilocybin was never listed under Jamaica’s Dangerous Drugs Act, and remains unregulated. In recent decades, research has shown that psilocybin, when administered in controlled settings, can effectively treat depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions. In response, the Jamaican government has not only preserved psilocybin’s legality but has encouraged research and industry development. Today, as the United States faces a mental health crisis, pharmaceutical companies are in the final stages of FDA clinical trials for psilocybin-based treatments targeting major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. If approved, this medical recognition would compel federal rescheduling and the creation of a novel American regulatory framework for psilocybin therapy. In light of potential deregulation, this Note examines the Jamaican model as a case study, where psilocybin’s legal status has fostered both innovation and inequity. The country’s “shroom boom” has advanced psychiatric research and generated economic growth, but the absence of regulation has also led to safety risks and limited access for locals. Drawing lessons from Jamaica, this Note proposes a dual-policy framework under the Controlled Substances Act. FDA-approved psilocybin formulations should be placed in Schedule III to maximize accessibility in supervised clinical settings, while natural, non-pharmaceutical psilocybin should be rescheduled to Schedule II to promote continued research under controlled conditions. This balanced framework emphasizes safety, accessibility, and scientific research, allowing psilocybin to develop into a transformative tool in American mental health treatment.", "journal": "eYLS (Yale Law School)", "publication_date": "2025-12-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://repository.law.miami.edu/umialr/vol57/iss1/7", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Government (linguistics), Principle of legality, Political science, Schedule, Pharmaceutical industry, Business, Public administration, Public relations, Psychiatry, Law, Clinical trial, Medicine, Mental health, Criminology, Food and drug administration, Engineering, Health care, Government regulation, Altered state, Drug approval, Federal law, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7112471464\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7112471464\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Spohn, Kyle\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401049\",\"source_display_name\":\"eYLS (Yale Law School)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://repository.law.miami.edu/umialr/vol57/iss1/7\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7112471464" }, { "id": 4230, "title": "Efficacy of psilocybin on death anxiety in terminal patients: a narrative review", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin on death anxiety in terminal patients a narrative review", "authors": "Morris Lintong Barimbing, Dian Pritasari Jeger, Made Edwin Sridana", "abstract": "This narrative review synthesized the use of psilocybin-assisted therapy as a promising treatment for alleviating death anxiety in terminally ill patients. The insights presented are derived from findings reported in previous studies. Therefore, this review aimed to assess the efficacy, pharmacology, and mechanisms by which psilocybin alters brain function by affecting 5-HT2A receptors and disrupting the default mode network (DMN), helping to reduce existential fear. Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrated substantial progress in therapy, with results showing standardized mean differences in anxiety reduction ranging from −0.70 to −1.08, with effects lasting up to six months after a single dose. This review examines the implications for clinical practice, highlighting psilocybin’s favorable safety profile and its potential to fill therapeutic gaps left by conventional treatments, and also addresses the ethical issues surrounding the use of psilocybin in terminally ill patients. The findings support the integration of psychedelic-assisted methods with standard palliative care to enhance end-of-life care and also highlight potential directions for further studies.", "journal": "Progress in Palliative Care", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/09699260.2026.2657096", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09699260.2026.2657096", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Narrative review, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Terminal (telecommunication), Death anxiety, Psychotherapist, Life review, Narrative, Clinical psychology, Terminal care, Depression (economics), Palliative care, MEDLINE, Review article, Hallucinogen, Terminal cancer, Terminally ill, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7152631097\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7152631097\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1987559404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058150514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413083000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2518148997\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894694698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902481475\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949756216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966728360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991985135\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014996408\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087328717\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113693816\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134789907\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175230374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194946707\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3208196863\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213518678\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200198590\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200517619\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225106358\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281653128\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292308198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293216995\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295828365\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306398972\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316686787\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323263931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366280986\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380484863\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187233\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383912690\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384819730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385173532\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386901577\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390509229\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391328164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391755875\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392767026\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396869026\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401895725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406126624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406472518\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408459373\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409521679\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409797469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410735628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410910940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411086084\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411955700\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413030984\",\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414123659\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414267802\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414465307\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414541727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414616693\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414845973\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417166023\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417184349\",\"https://openalex.org/W4417190046\",\"https://openalex.org/W7117564265\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5121753259\",\"display_name\":\"Morris Lintong Barimbing\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124943449\",\"display_name\":\"Dian Pritasari Jeger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007993692\",\"display_name\":\"Made Edwin Sridana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8670-0099\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S19816070\",\"source_display_name\":\"Progress in Palliative Care\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/09699260.2026.2657096\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7152631097" }, { "id": 4221, "title": "Psilocybin and Neuroplasticity: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Future Directions", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and neuroplasticity mechanisms therapeutic potential and future directions", "authors": "S. Fereydouni", "abstract": "Introduction Mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), remain a significant global health concern, requiring novel therapeutic approaches. Psilocybin, a psychedelic compound found in certain mushrooms, has shown potential in modulating neuroplasticity, a critical process for cognitive flexibility and mental well-being. This review explores psilocybin’s role in enhancing neuroplasticity and its therapeutic implications for mental disorders. Methods A comprehensive literature review was conducted (2015-2024) using PubMed, PsycINFO, and other databases. Search terms included “Mental Health,” “Psilocybin,” “Neuroplasticity,” and “Mental Disorders.” Studies on psilocybin’s effects on neuroplasticity in human and animal models were included. Extracted data were synthesized chronologically to identify key findings and trends. Results Psilocybin acts primarily via 5-HT2A receptor activation, increasing synaptic connectivity, dendritogenesis, and neurogenesis. It enhances neuroplasticity through the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway, contributing to antidepressant and pro-social effects. Clinical and preclinical evidence supports improvements in mood regulation, fear extinction, and cognitive function. Some inconsistencies in neuroplastic outcomes highlight the need for standardized protocols and further investigation. Conclusions Psilocybin-induced neuroplasticity is a promising avenue for treating neuropsychiatric disorders. Further research is needed to clarify long-term effects, optimal dosing, and molecular mechanisms to ensure safe and effective clinical applications.", "journal": "Emerging Trends in Drugs Addictions and Health", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.etdah.2025.100215", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2025.100215", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Neuroscience, MEDLINE, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Disease, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Feature (linguistics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7115166480\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7115166480\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"S. Fereydouni\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226710\",\"source_display_name\":\"Emerging Trends in Drugs Addictions and Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2025.100215\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Review Article,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7115166480" }, { "id": 3166, "title": "Limited prognostic value of early maladaptive schemas for acute psychedelic experience and symptom improvement", "normalized_title": "limited prognostic value of early maladaptive schemas for acute psychedelic experience and symptom improvement", "authors": "Buchard A, Seragnoli F, Sabe M, Eskinazi M, Aboulafia T, Furtado L, Briefer J, Roediger E, Penzenstadler L, Zullino D, Thorens G.", "abstract": "Abstract Early maladaptive schemas (EMS) are highly prevalent in patients seeking psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy and correlate strongly with baseline depression and anxiety. This study characterized EMS in 192 adults and longitudinally followed 74 patients receiving psilocybin- or LSD-assisted therapy. We found that baseline schema burden, particularly related to failure and defectiveness, was linked to cognitive-depressive symptoms but did not predict the quality of the acute psychedelic experience or moderate overall symptom improvement. While patients experienced significant reductions in both depression and anxiety symptoms with each session, these changes were dependent on initial symptom severity, not their schema profile. Treatment effects were comparable between psilocybin and LSD. These findings suggest the clinical utility of EMS lies not in patient selection or outcome prediction, but in identifying key cognitive-emotional themes, such as core beliefs about failure, to be targeted during psychotherapeutic integration.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8214817/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8214817/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1128933\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3154, "title": "Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy: Outcomes from a Large-Scale Compassionate Use Cohort in Switzerland", "normalized_title": "real world effectiveness and safety of psychedelic assisted psychotherapy outcomes from a large scale compassionate use cohort in switzerland", "authors": "Aboulafia-Brakha T, Buchard A, Mabilais C, Alaux S, Amberger C, Furtado L, Seragnoli F, Briefer J, Thorens G, Sabé M, Szczesniak L, Iuga R, Zullino D, Penzenstadler L.", "abstract": "Background Classic serotonergic psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin show promising antidepressant effects in controlled trials, but real-world data from routine clinical care remain limited. Methods This study retrospectively analysed routine data from adults with treatment-resistant depressive and/or anxiety disorders who received a first standardized Psychedelic-assisted Psychotherapy (PAP) cycle with 100 µg LSD or 25 mg psilocybin at a Swiss university hospital (May 2024-October 2025). Self-reported depression (BDI) and trait anxiety (STAI-T) were assessed at screening, one month before treatment, and 1-3 months post-treatment. In a subset of participants, cognitive emotion regulation (CERQ) was assessed pre- and post-treatment. Subjective drug effects and adverse events were recorded on the treatment day. Results The sample consisted of 115 patients (56.5% female; Mean age = 47.5 years). Depressive and anxiety symptoms significantly decreased over time (BDI: F(2,178) = 63.50, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.42; STAI-T: F(1.74,145.9) = 16.97, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.17), with no main effect of substance. CERQ analyses indicated reduced self-blame, rumination and catastrophizing, and increased positive refocusing and reappraisal. Perceived intensity followed distinct temporal profiles for LSD and psilocybin, but comparable subjective drug effects and clinical outcomes. Adverse events were mostly mild and transient, with no serious complications or treatment discontinuations. Conclusions In this compassionate-use real-world cohort, a first fully-active dose PAP session with LSD or psilocybin was well tolerated and associated with significant improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms. These findings support the feasibility and effectiveness of PAP in specialised routine care.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.12.01.25341335", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.12.01.25341335", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1128175\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 406, "title": "Sudden Loss of Consciousness Following Psilocybin Ingestion", "normalized_title": "sudden loss of consciousness following psilocybin ingestion", "authors": "Amanda E. Downey, Marlene Tai, Ellen Bradley, Josh Woolley", "abstract": "", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20250037", "pubmed_id": "41320824", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250037", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Ingestion, Medicine, Consciousness, Anesthesia, Unconsciousness, Hallucinogen, Sudden death, Psychiatry, Psychology, Internal medicine, Depression (economics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416839507\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416839507\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037114160\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda E. Downey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-7798\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031221859\",\"display_name\":\"Marlene Tai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023606467\",\"display_name\":\"Ellen Bradley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-1490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052144380\",\"display_name\":\"Josh Woolley\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250037\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Consciousness,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416839507" }, { "id": 405, "title": "Acute Blockade of the Serotonin Transporter With Low Doses of Escitalopram Does Not Alter the Behavioural Responses to Acute Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "acute blockade of the serotonin transporter with low doses of escitalopram does not alter the behavioural responses to acute psilocybin", "authors": "Nina Kleditzsch, James J Gattuso, Anthony J. Hannan, Thibault Renoir", "abstract": "The psychedelic psilocybin has gained popularity in recent years as a therapy for treatment-resistant depression and has been reported to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. Psilocybin's active metabolite, psilocin, possesses a binding affinity for serotonin receptors as well as for the serotonin transporter (5-HTT). We recently reported that in contrast to wild-type mice, psilocybin did not induce hyperlocomotion and head-twitch responses in mice genetically lacking 5-HTT, suggesting an involvement of 5-HTT in mediating these effects. To further assess the specific role of 5-HTT in psilocybin's acute behavioural effects, we treated C57BL/6 mice with the highly selective 5-HTT inhibitor escitalopram (2.5-5 mg/kg, i.p.) prior to psilocybin administration (1 mg/kg, i.p.), and measured acute behavioural effects including head-twitch response and locomotor activity. We found that acute psilocybin administration increased locomotor activity and induced head twitches, and that escitalopram did not alter these effects. Our study using low doses of escitalopram reveals no direct involvement of 5-HTT in mediating the acute effects of psilocybin in mice, and instead suggests that developmental changes and varying serotonin levels may rather explain the absence of psilocybin's acute behavioural effects previously reported in the 5-HTT homozygous knockout mice.", "journal": "European Journal of Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/ejn.70351", "pubmed_id": "41365493", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70351", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Serotonin, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Serotonin transporter, Citalopram, Blockade, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Psychology, Medicine, 5-HT receptor, Reuptake inhibitor, Knockout mouse, Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Antagonist, Serotonin Antagonists, Psychopharmacology, Depression (economics), Transporter, Receptor, Anhedonia, Internal medicine, Fluoxetine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417176534\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417176534\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W828252478\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999238614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014936365\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124182596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160025407\",\"https://openalex.org/W2255334215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2314908209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2342556701\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2416614031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914124754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980636381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086773311\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229446764\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382918325\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385479997\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389137509\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396229906\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404007256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406874124\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410718370\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119340228\",\"display_name\":\"Nina Kleditzsch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000395302\",\"display_name\":\"James J Gattuso\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-8728\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052976583\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony J. Hannan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-8922\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006545419\",\"display_name\":\"Thibault Renoir\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9262-3971\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S171130801\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Journal of Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70351\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417176534" }, { "id": 401, "title": "Investigational psilocybin treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder: a qualitative study of participant experience, trauma engagement, and differences from standard treatment", "normalized_title": "investigational psilocybin treatment for post traumatic stress disorder a qualitative study of participant experience trauma engagement and differences from standard treatment", "authors": "Nadav Liam Modlin, Victoria Williamson, Guy M. Goodwin, Ekaterina Malievskaia, Merve Atli, Zsofia Elek, Alice Gaillard, Don Koelpin, Anthony J. Cleare, Manish Agrawal, Rachel Yehuda, Namik Kirlić, James Rucker", "abstract": "Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition leading to significant personal and societal burden. Standard treatments frequently demonstrate limited efficacy, leading to persistent symptoms and high dropout rates. Psilocybin has shown promise in treating depression, a condition that is often comorbid with PTSD. We aimed to explore participant experiences of psilocybin treatment for PTSD, emphasising the role of monitoring and support for safety, direct and indirect engagement with trauma-related material during psilocybin treatment, and differences between psilocybin and standard treatments. Methods: This qualitative study was nested within a quantitative, open-label phase 2 trial assessing the safety and tolerability of COMP360 psilocybin in adults with PTSD. Eligible participants were adults (18 years or older) who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for PTSD secondary to a traumatic event experienced in adulthood. Recruitment was conducted at three sites across two countries: two in the United States and one in the United Kingdom. Enrolled participants underwent standardised preparation, a single psilocybin administration session, and follow-up integration sessions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted before, the day after, and 12 weeks post-treatment. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, which is a distinct and theoretically grounded approach to co-construction of recurring themes pertaining to participants' preparedness for treatment, how participants' index trauma presented during treatment, and how psilocybin compared to standard treatments. The quantitative phase 2 trial, which the present qualitative study is nested within, is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05312151. Findings: Between June 10, 2022, and Feb 12, 2024, 21 participants were enrolled and participated in this qualitative sub-study and completed the in-person qualitative interviews. The analysis revealed four core themes: (1) non-pharmacological factors for psychological safety and trust, (2) the experiential nature of psilocybin treatment, (3) engagement with trauma-related material during psilocybin treatment, and (4) comparative reflections on prior therapies and psilocybin treatment. Emphasising safety, treatment education, and informed consent, the treatment facilitated an experience of both direct and indirect engagement with trauma-related material during psilocybin treatment. Unlike standard treatments requiring direct confrontation with trauma memories, psilocybin appears to enable a broader, indirect engagement with traumatic material via a range of affective, somatic and self-transcendent experiences (e.g., moments of perceived unity, dissolution of self, or felt connection with a larger whole). Interpretation:. Funding: Compass Pathways, plc.", "journal": "EClinicalMedicine", "publication_date": "2025-11-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103692", "pubmed_id": "41497513", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103692", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Qualitative research, Psychiatry, Traumatic stress, Clinical psychology, Stress (linguistics), MEDLINE, Compass, Physical therapy, Psychotherapist, Investigational Drugs, Clinical trial, Posttraumatic stress, Acute Stress Disorder, Qualitative analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417031290\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417031290\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1534577973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022085232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124556602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127046953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152676810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170803554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2305278139\",\"https://openalex.org/W2509310219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598895258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892153793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899448494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904943889\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3034423620\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048560297\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095098358\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125332567\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195596087\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200528712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224257950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229058059\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317478735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367835241\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187376\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386740988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390730351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391053730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693273\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037169539\",\"display_name\":\"Nadav Liam Modlin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048557173\",\"display_name\":\"Victoria Williamson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-9856\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120688796\",\"display_name\":\"Zsofia Elek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Alice Gaillard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115738022\",\"display_name\":\"Don Koelpin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088467690\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony J. Cleare\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6990-939X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088026153\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Yehuda\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-677X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078220787\",\"display_name\":\"Namik Kirlić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-8774\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898347799\",\"source_display_name\":\"EClinicalMedicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103692\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417031290" }, { "id": 3681, "title": "Assessing the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Psilocybin Therapy Followed by Accelerated Intermittent Theta Burst (aiTBS) Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "assessing the safety tolerability and efficacy of psilocybin therapy followed by accelerated intermittent theta burst aitbs repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rtms for treatment resistant major depressive disorder", "authors": "University of Texas at Austin", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and feasibility of sequencing psilocybin therapy with a short-duration, aiTBS protocol (Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy, or SAINT) in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. This will be a phase II 2x2 design (device and dose) clinical trial. 100 participants, ages 22-76, with treatment-resistant MDD will be randomized to treatment with either: a) 25mg of COMP360 (N=50); or b) 1mg of COMP360 (low-dose comparator; N=50) with appropriate psychological preparation, support, and integration sessions with trained therapists. This will then be directly followed by one of two subsequent treatment conditions: i) the active accelerated intermittent theta burst (aiTBS) rTMS treatment known as Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) and/or Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT) targeted to a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) functional connectivity-guided personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex target using neuronavigation and delivered over 10 sessions daily for 5 consecutive days at 90% of coil-to-target depth-corrected resting motor threshold50,51; or ii) sham iTBS delivered in the same fashion. Individuals will undergo screening, a baseline clinical assessment and neurobiological assessment of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. Individuals will then return on a subsequent day to begin the course of psilocybin therapy. Preparation sessions will occur on the first two out of five days (\\~1.5-2 hrs each day), psilocybin dosing will occur on the third day (\\~6-8 hours), integration session (\\~1 hour) and post-dosing assessments will occur on the fourth day, and a final integration session (\\~1 hour) and post-psilocybin clinical and neurobiological assessments will occur on the last of the five days. The following week, the individual will return to the lab to begin the course of active or sham SNT, for 10 hrs. a day (10 min once per 60 min, 50-minute inter-session interval, repeated 10 times daily) for 5 days. This is the protocol now FDA-cleared for treatment of treatment-resistant MDD, known as Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy and commercialized by Magnus Medical (see support letter from Magus Medical). In the third week, the individual will return to complete post-SNT clinical assessments and to complete a post-SNT neurobiological (fMRI and EEG) assessment. Individuals will complete long-term follow-up clinical assessments at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months post-initiation of first treatment (psilocybin administration) to assess durability of clinical response and identify potential points of depression relapse over a sustained period of time. Aims: To determine the safety and feasibility of sequencing psilocybin therapy with a short-duration, aiTBS protocol (Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy, or SAINT) in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. To determine if the combination of psilocybin therapy followed by SAINT demonstrates superior efficacy relative to either treatment alone acutely (primary acute endpoint will be \\~14 days after the initiation of the treatment sequence) and over time (additional endpoints at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months following cessation of the treatment protocol). To determine the neurobiological changes following the combination treatment (assessment points at baseline, 2 days post-psilocybin, and \\~14 days post-psilocybin/2-4 days post cessation of accelerated theta burst), and if the magnitude or nature of such changes are different from those demonstrated in either treatment alone. Investigate how psychedelic treatment may impact blood biomarkers of inflammation (e.g., inflammatory cytokines) and how select functional genetic polymorphisms may moderate the effect of the psychedelic treatment on subsequent functional brain changes.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06132178", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, MDD, Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent Depression, Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, Accelerated intermittent theta burst (aiTBS) rTMS treatment, Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT), Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT), Low-dose psilocybin, low-dose COMP360, Sham Accelerated intermittent theta burst (aiTBS) rTMS treatment, Sham Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT), Sham Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06132178\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 421, "title": "A comparative assessment of the antidepressant efficacy of ketamine, psilocybin, and fluoxetine in a chronic stress model", "normalized_title": "a comparative assessment of the antidepressant efficacy of ketamine psilocybin and fluoxetine in a chronic stress model", "authors": "Małgorzata Domżalska, Joanna Kwiatkowska, Iwona Cichoń, Ewa Sokołowska", "abstract": "Depression is a debilitating mental disorder affecting millions worldwide, yet current pharmacological treatments, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), often exhibit delayed onset and limited efficacy. The chronic social defeat (CSD) stress model in mice is a well-established preclinical paradigm for inducing depression-like behaviors and evaluating antidepressants effectiveness. This study compared the efficacy of both acute and chronic fluoxetine with acute ketamine and psilocybin treatment in male C57BL/6J mice subjected to CSD. Fluoxetine showed no significant effects 24 h after a single dose or following 7 days of repeated administration; antidepressant-like effects only appeared after 14 days of continuous treatment. In contrast, a single dose of either ketamine or psilocybin significantly reversed social avoidance behavior at 24 h, with sustained effects observed at 7- and 14-days post-treatment. These findings suggest that ketamine and psilocybin elicit rapid and durable, antidepressant-like responses in this preclinical model, in contrast to traditional SSRIs, like fluoxetine, which requires extended treatment duration, mirroring clinical efficacy patterns. The results support the utility of the CSD model in evaluating antidepressant efficacy and highlight the therapeutic potential of fast-acting agents such as ketamine and psilocybin as alternatives to conventional treatments for major depressive disorder.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2025-11-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-29642-7", "pubmed_id": "41290975", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29642-7", "keywords": "Fluoxetine, Antidepressant, Ketamine, Psilocybin, Medicine, Pharmacology, Major depressive disorder, Chronic stress, Depression (economics), Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Paroxetine, Reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin, Psychology, Tricyclic antidepressant, Clinical trial, Imipramine, Therapeutic effect, Clinical efficacy, Social defeat, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Anesthesia, Citalopram, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Treatment of Major Depression, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416669801\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416669801\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1977593923\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979987032\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982655221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027572751\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032739515\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043170894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064113443\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080778633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091363925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108057532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111038577\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150543200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163250198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192342554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2283292195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767883333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768864850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2779386549\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790275773\",\"https://openalex.org/W2968485363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970044050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210972564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236400491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313584301\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386003650\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387763730\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389371178\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391967348\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400695812\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035092566\",\"display_name\":\"Małgorzata Domżalska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5665-0051\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033610517\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Kwiatkowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-0087\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016287512\",\"display_name\":\"Iwona Cichoń\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6892-5454\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059869150\",\"display_name\":\"Ewa Sokołowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8637-7906\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29642-7\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416669801" }, { "id": 407, "title": "Psilocybin reduces comorbid chronic pain and depression in mice", "normalized_title": "psilocybin reduces comorbid chronic pain and depression in mice", "authors": "Jorge Ferreira", "abstract": "", "journal": "Lab Animal", "publication_date": "2025-11-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41684-025-01663-9", "pubmed_id": "41298885", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-025-01663-9", "keywords": "Depression (economics), Chronic pain, Medicine, Psilocybin, Internal medicine, Anesthesia, Depressive symptoms, Serotonin, Hallucinogen, Chronic disease, Psychiatry, Chronic depression, MEDLINE, Hyperalgesia, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416717006\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416717006\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Jorge Ferreira\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S166518670\",\"source_display_name\":\"Lab Animal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-025-01663-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416717006" }, { "id": 3700, "title": "Pragmatic Trial of Psilocybin Therapy in Palliative Care (PT2PC): A Multicenter Triple-blind Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial of Psilocybin Therapy for Demoralized Adults Near the End of Life", "normalized_title": "pragmatic trial of psilocybin therapy in palliative care pt2pc a multicenter triple blind phase 2 randomized controlled trial of psilocybin therapy for demoralized adults near the end of life", "authors": "Charles S. Grob, M.D.", "abstract": "This multicenter, triple-blind, phase 2, randomized controlled trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of psilocybin therapy compared to an active control in treating demoralization in adults near the end of life (≤2 years life expectancy). After providing written informed consent, participants deemed eligible for this trial will be randomized to a brief course of talk therapy plus 1 dose of oral psilocybin vs the same brief course of talk therapy plus 1 dose of oral ketamine (the active control). Participants' degree of demoralization and other clinical outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety) will be assessed at 1, 2, and 5 weeks after the study drug administration. After completing the study, participants will have the option of being told which study drug they took (aka, \"unblinded\"); those who were randomized to the active control will be offered another brief course of talk therapy plus 1 dose of oral psilocybin, and the same sequence of outcome assessments.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05403086", "keywords": "Demoralization, Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Ketamine, Ketalar, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05403086\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4232, "title": "Qualitative Research on Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Mental Disorders: A Scoping Review", "normalized_title": "qualitative research on psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of mental disorders a scoping review", "authors": "J Pincombe, M.L. Williams, Sean Carruthers, Susan L. Rossell", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) may be an effective intervention for a range of mental disorders. However, there appears to be a relative lack of qualitative evidence to complement emerging quantitative findings. To our knowledge, no reviews have systematically mapped the literature on qualitative studies on PAP for the treatment of mental disorders with the intent to identify opportunities for future research. Aims: To assess the scope of qualitative research on PAP for mental disorders, identify research trends, and highlight future opportunities. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and PsycNET for qualitative studies of adults (18 years and older) with a mental disorder who received PAP in controlled research settings. The search was limited to peer review articles, without time limitations. Results: A total of 13 qualitative studies were identified, which included participants with depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, trauma- and stressor-related disorders, alcohol-use disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anorexia nervosa. The studies explored 12 topics, ranging from pre- to postintervention experiences. Most studies used semi-structured interviews and used interpretative phenomenological analysis or thematic analysis. Conclusions: This review provides information to researchers and clinicians to guide future qualitative investigations that will complement and enhance the field’s understanding of PAP in treating mental disorders. Opportunities include covering a broader range of mental disorders; exploring longer term outcomes, the sustainability of effects, postintervention support, and adverse experiences; comparing active and control group experiences; exploring therapist and significant other perspectives; and increasing sample sizes.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-11-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251394012", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251394012", "keywords": "Qualitative research, Thematic analysis, Psychology, Mental health, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Psychological intervention, Intervention (counseling), Clinical psychology, Qualitative property, Empirical research, Systematic review, Psychosocial, Mental illness, MEDLINE, Evidence-based practice, Critical appraisal, Psychiatry, Anorexia nervosa, Medicine, Mindfulness, Research design, Qualitative analysis, Translational research, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416994935\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416994935\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560438049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790487467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793096639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891378911\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2989680519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996597775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013947271\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133450788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166459008\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281253144\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309648711\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310735641\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317355030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379383539\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385308753\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387651512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387902564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388014221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391842082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395098280\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403170713\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404961618\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111355185\",\"display_name\":\"J Pincombe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5687-2117\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010417984\",\"display_name\":\"M.L. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-3008\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046325936\",\"display_name\":\"Sean Carruthers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-3494\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073606057\",\"display_name\":\"Susan L. Rossell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-8252\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251394012\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Eating Disorders,Chronic Pain,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416994935" }, { "id": 348, "title": "Advancing treatment paradigms: the role of psilocybin in managing major depressive disorder", "normalized_title": "advancing treatment paradigms the role of psilocybin in managing major depressive disorder", "authors": "Sana Rasheed, Rida Arif, Ahmed Asad Raza, Abedin Samadi", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, has received attention as a novel therapeutic option for major depressive disorder (MDD), particularly in cases where traditional treatments prove ineffective. The study aims to evaluate psilocybin's therapeutic potential by examining its efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action as well as addressing the societal and regulatory challenges that hinder its broader application. Key objectives include understanding how psilocybin alleviates depressive symptoms, investigating its neurobiological effects, and identifying gaps in current research. The methodology involved analyzing clinical studies conducted between 2014 and 2024, focusing on psilocybin as an intervention, either independently or in conjunction with psychotherapy. Evidence from these studies demonstrates that psilocybin acts on serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, enhancing neuroplasticity and brain connectivity to yield rapid and sustained symptom relief. Despite these promising findings, the use and study of psilocybin remains restricted due to its classification as a Schedule I substance in many countries. Legal prohibitions and societal stigma have significantly delayed progress in exploring psilocybin's therapeutic applications. The findings highlight psilocybin's potential to transform MDD treatment paradigms but emphasize the need to overcome regulatory barriers, conduct larger and more diverse studies, and establish long-term safety and efficacy data. Addressing these challenges is critical for integrating psilocybin into mainstream mental health care and unlocking its full therapeutic potential.", "journal": "Annals of Medicine and Surgery", "publication_date": "2025-11-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1097/ms9.0000000000004349", "pubmed_id": "41497122", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000004349", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Psychiatry, Mainstream, Mental health, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Therapeutic approach, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Cognition, Clinical psychology, Bipolar disorder, Vortioxetine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416592848\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416592848\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2752781070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033447508\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211143280\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280525486\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361292040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379051631\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399572299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404123591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407728103\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009917648\",\"display_name\":\"Sana Rasheed\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Rida Arif\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9884-386X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101718797\",\"display_name\":\"Ahmed Asad Raza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2930-8188\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Abedin Samadi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2676-9093\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226177\",\"source_display_name\":\"Annals of Medicine and Surgery\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000004349\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416592848" }, { "id": 390, "title": "Cognitive outcomes following psilocybin-assisted therapy in treatment-resistant depression: A post-hoc analysis of a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial", "normalized_title": "cognitive outcomes following psilocybin assisted therapy in treatment resistant depression a post hoc analysis of a randomized waitlist controlled trial", "authors": "Danica E. Johnson, Shakila Meshkat, Erica Kaczmarek, Jennifer S. Rabin, Ryan M. Brudner, Noah Chisamore, Zoe Doyle, Jordan Bawks, Jeremy Riva-Cambrin, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Orly Lipsitz, Roger S McIntyre, Krista L. Lanctôt, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Cognitive difficulties within treatment-resistant unipolar and bipolar depression (TRD; TRBD) often do not improve with conventional pharmacotherapies. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has shown promise as a novel intervention for TRD; however, few studies have assessed its effects on cognition in this population. METHODS: This retrospective post hoc analysis included 26 adults with TRD or TRBD from an open-label trial of PAP. Cognition was assessed with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Trail Making Test Part A and B (TMT-A/B) at baseline, one-day, and two-weeks post-treatment. Linear mixed models (LMMs) evaluated change over time, and reliable change indices (RCIs) with binomial tests assessed whether the proportion of participants showing meaningful improvement exceeded chance. RESULTS: Significant improvements were observed on all cognitive measures over time (all p", "journal": "Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-11-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111565", "pubmed_id": "41285295", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111565", "keywords": "Cognition, Mood, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Test (biology), Medicine, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Executive functions, Cognitive remediation therapy, Affect (linguistics), Information processing, Depression (economics), Developmental psychology, Cognitive therapy, Psilocybin, Function (biology), Clinical Practice, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": 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E. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-7691\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036040848\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer S. Rabin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4754-2221\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072595092\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Bawks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927191\",\"display_name\":\"Jeremy Riva-Cambrin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032613018\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Mansur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091793322\",\"display_name\":\"Orly Lipsitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9110-7951\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111237412\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S McIntyre\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056420149\",\"display_name\":\"Krista L. Lanctôt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7024-6637\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S142279999\",\"source_display_name\":\"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111565\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416549169" }, { "id": 425, "title": "Psilocybin and Chronic Pain: A New Perspective for Future Pain Therapists?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and chronic pain a new perspective for future pain therapists", "authors": "Silvia Natoli, Arturo Cuomo, Maurizio Marchesini, Livio Luongo, Giuliano Lo Bianco, Vittorio Guardamagna, Shigeki Yamaguchi", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Chronic pain affects nearly one in five adults worldwide and remains a major healthcare burden due to its persistence, multidimensional impact, and resistance to conventional therapies. The opioid crisis has further highlighted the urgent need for safer and more effective alternatives. Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic compound, has re-emerged as a potential therapeutic option for chronic pain given its effects on neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and emotional regulation. METHODS: This narrative review synthesized evidence from published preclinical and clinical studies. The focus was on the mechanisms of action of psilocybin, animal models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain, and early human trials exploring its effects on pain, mood, and quality of life. RESULTS: Preclinical studies demonstrated that psilocybin promotes synaptogenesis via BDNF-TrkB signalling, modulates 5-HT2A receptor activity, and reduces neuroinflammatory processes, leading to persistent analgesic and anxiolytic effects. Animal models of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and inflammatory pain showed long-lasting antinociceptive responses. Clinical studies, though limited, reported improvements in depression, anxiety, resilience, and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer and chronic conditions, with preliminary evidence of analgesic benefit. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin shows promise as a multidimensional therapy for chronic pain, addressing both sensory and affective components. However, ethical issues, safety concerns, and regulatory barriers necessitate careful management, and robust randomized controlled trials are essential to confirm efficacy and guide clinical translation.", "journal": "Medical Sciences", "publication_date": "2025-11-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/medsci13040277", "pubmed_id": "41283278", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci13040277", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Perspective (graphical), Chronic pain, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Ethical issues, Hallucinogen, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Intensive care medicine, Pain relief, Depression (economics), Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": 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Natoli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3758-5375\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028425468\",\"display_name\":\"Arturo Cuomo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1165-6713\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018238229\",\"display_name\":\"Maurizio Marchesini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-9531\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052789598\",\"display_name\":\"Livio Luongo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1949-2039\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060128343\",\"display_name\":\"Giuliano Lo Bianco\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2705-1548\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027033047\",\"display_name\":\"Vittorio Guardamagna\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3554-8151\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108070065\",\"display_name\":\"Shigeki Yamaguchi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3850-2818\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2739445098\",\"source_display_name\":\"Medical Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci13040277\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Resilience,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416407616" }, { "id": 3548, "title": "A Double-blind, Phase II Feasibility Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin Microdosing Combined With Psychotherapy in Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "a double blind phase ii feasibility study to assess the safety and efficacy of psilocybin microdosing combined with psychotherapy in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Beersheva Mental Health Center", "abstract": "Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of a six-week microdosing regimen of psilocybin combined with short-term, experience-based psychotherapy in patients with treatment-resistant depression who have not responded to previous pharmacological or long-term psychological interventions. Hypothesis: Compared to baseline, the group that begins with psilocybin will exhibit a more rapid reduction in depressive symptoms after six weeks, compared to the group that begins with placebo and receives only psychotherapy. Following the crossover between conditions, the placebo-first group will also show an accelerated reduction in these measures after the subsequent six weeks. Alternative hypothesis: No difference will be observed between groups in the rate of symptom reduction. Objective: To examine biological markers that may mediate potential improvements in depressive symptoms among participants receiving psilocybin microdosing compared to placebo. Hypothesis: Compared to baseline, six weeks of active psilocybin dosing will result in decreased levels of cortisol and inflammatory markers, and increased levels of oxytocin and BDNF in saliva. Objective: To assess psychological factors that may mediate potential improvements in depressive symptoms among participants receiving psilocybin microdosing compared to placebo. Hypothesis: Compared to baseline, six weeks of active psilocybin dosing will lead to increased cognitive flexibility, greater self-compassion, and enhanced present-moment awareness. Objective: To explore a subpopulation of women experiencing premenstrual symptom exacerbation (PMS) and the potential for improvement in depressive symptoms in the days preceding menstruation, if any. Hypothesis: Among women with worsened premenstrual symptoms, psilocybin will reduce premenstrual symptoms, specifically depressive symptoms, compared to baseline.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07183748", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin (drug), Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07183748\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Biomarkers,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3454, "title": "Open Label, Phase 2 Study for Evaluating the Feasibility, Safety and Efficacy of Psychotherapy Assisted Psilocybin for Treatment of Severe Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in Drug and/or Psychotherapy Resistant Patients.", "normalized_title": "open label phase 2 study for evaluating the feasibility safety and efficacy of psychotherapy assisted psilocybin for treatment of severe obsessive compulsive disorder ocd in drug and or psychotherapy resistant patients", "authors": "Beersheva Mental Health Center", "abstract": "Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent distressing thoughts and substantial anxiety, accompanied by repetitive behaviors or mental rituals. Individuals with OCD often have diminished quality of life, and functional impairment. The disorder cause high personal, societal and economic costs. Current available treatments for OCD show moderate response rate and high rate of symptom relapse. The purpose of the current study is to explore new alternative options for the treatment of OCD that can widely and continuously benefit patients. Specifically, The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of psychotherapy assisted psilocybin for treatment of severe OCD. Previous research has shown safety of treatment and high efficacy in reduction of anxiety and depression symptoms. However, only one study has evaluated the use of psilocybin for OCD patients. The protocol includes 15 therapeutic sessions, of which 12 are one-hour sessions for psychological preparation and integration, and three are eight hours' experiential sessions under the influence of psilocybin. The research will include 15 participants diagnosed with severe OCD, with at least one treatment failure. Assessments will be based on comparing ratings of the main outcome measure (Y-BOCS), at baseline, at the middle and at end of treatment. Other assessments will include data on side effects- to evaluate safety, and possible spiritual variables underlying change in symptoms via standardized questionnaires. Background and research rationale: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent distressing thoughts and substantial anxiety, accompanied by repetitive behaviours or mental rituals performed to control or alleviate this anxiety. Individuals with OCD often have diminished quality of life, functional impairment, and cause substantial caregiver burden and personal and societal economic costs. Lifetime prevalence of OCD ranges between 1.9%-2.5%, with patients often not responding to the offered pharmacological or psychological treatment, and in extreme cases may even undergo neurosurgical interventions. There are several possible physiological mechanisms leading to the development of OCD, which may indicate several possible effective treatment options. Nowadays there is a consensus that the dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways are central to the development of the disorder with the basal ganglia as the main area of its origin. Other brain areas involved in OCD are the orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex which are connected to the basal ganglia and are involved in regulating attention and awareness. Abnormal activity between these areas and other subcortical areas might explain why normally unconscious information processing, becomes consciousness, and requires additional resources for its regulation. It has also been suggested that the aversive emotional activity (anxiety, fear, disgust) experienced in OCD, relates to hyperactivity in the amygdala. The momentary relief brought on by the compulsive behaviour forms a positive feedback which perpetuate the disorder. The gold standard of care for OCD today is a combination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Most patients will experience at least some symptomatic relief with these interventions; however, relapse of symptoms occur in 40%-60% of patients and around 25% of patients are unresponsive to treatment. Other existing treatments (either pharmacological or neurosurgical) possess a higher risk for serious side effects. It is important to note that even for those patients who are responsive to treatment there are still significant residual, impairing symptoms. It thus seems that there is a real and immediate need to explore new alternative options for the treatment of OCD that can widely and continuously benefit patients, with lower risk and fewer side effects. A new and promising prospect of treatment in mental health is the use of psychedelic substances, which interact with the serotonergic pathways and induce a powerful subjective experience with the potential for psychological transformation. Specifically, psilocybin has received attention in research as a promising alternative in the treatment of severe mental illness. Psilocybin is a prodrug which is quickly converted by the body to psilocin (4-OH-dimethyltryptamine), a 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist. Both psilocybin and psilocin, which have psychoactive properties, are naturally occurring in Psilocybe mushrooms and are structurally similar to the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin. As a direct 5-HT2A agonist, psilocybin has a unique therapeutic potential compared with other pharmacological treatment for OCD such as SSRIs. Animal studies have shown increased cognitive flexibility, associative learning, cortical plasticity, and anti-depressive effects in response to 5-HT2A activation. The first current clinical research with psilocybin examined the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of psychological distress in patients with terminal advanced-stage cancer. The double-blind, placebo-controlled research was conducted in the Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (Torrance, California). Researchers concluded that psilocybin is safe and well tolerated at 0.2 mg/kg dose. Following this research two different research groups, in Johns Hopkins University, and in New York University, have received FDA approval to administrate a higher dose of psilocybin in a similar clinical population. These trails have shown promising results for safety, psychological distress reduction, and significant improvement in anxiety and depression. In their research, Griffiths and colleagues, examined the efficacy of psilocybin in reducing anxiety and depression in 51 patients suffering from a terminal end-stage cancer and experiencing symptoms of anxiety and depression. This randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial investigated the effects of a very low (placebo-like) dose (1 or 3 mg/70 kg) vs. a high dose (22 or 30 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin. No serious adverse events attributed to psilocybin administration occurred. There were transient moderate increases in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure after psilocybin (in 34% of participants in the high-dose session and 17% of participants in the low-dose session), none of these episodes met criteria for medical intervention. Nausea or vomiting occurred in 15% of participants in the high-dose session. An episode of physical discomfort (any type) occurred in 21% of participants in the high-dose session and 8% in the low-dose session. Psychological discomfort (any type) occurred in 32% of participants in the high-dose session and 12% in the low-dose session. An episode of anxiety occurred in 26% of participants in the high-dose session and 15% in the low-dose session. One participant had a transient episode of paranoid ideation (2% of high-dose sessions). There were no cases of hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) or prolonged psychosis. Across the two dose sequence groups, the overall rate of clinical response at 6 months was 78% and 83% for depression and anxiety, respectively, and the overall rate of symptom remission at 6 months for all participants was 65% and 57%, respectively. Ross and colleagues conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, with 29 patients with cancer-related anxiety and depression that were randomly assigned and received treatment with single-dose psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) or niacin (active placebo), both in conjunction with psychotherapy (before and after drug administration). The most common adverse effects were non-clinically significant elevations in blood pressure and heart rate (76%), headaches/migraines (28%), nausea (14%), transient anxiety (17%), and transient psychotic-like symptoms (7%). The medical and psychiatric adverse effects attributable to psilocybin are all known, were transient, and tolerable. There were no cases of prolonged psychosis or HPPD, and no participants required psychiatric hospitalization. Psilocybin produced immediate, substantial, and sustained improvements in anxiety and depression, this effect was sustained at 6.5 months follow-up. These trails and others have shown safety of treatment and high efficacy in reduction of anxiety and depression symptoms with sustained effect at 6 months follow up. These findings taken together with the theoretical understanding of psilocybin mechanism of action and with the understanding of the neuro-psychological pathology of OCD, encourage investigating the potential of psilocybin as a novel significant treatment for this disorder. Research of beneficial effects of psilocybin for patients with OCD is in its infancy, but preliminary findings show potential efficacy in treatment of the disorder. Matsushima and colleagues, used a mice model for OCD and found that psilocybin (both syntactic and in mushroom form), significantly inhibited compulsive behaviour (marble burying) without affecting locomotor activity. In addition, several case reports showed beneficial effects of psilocybin for people with OCD. For example, Leonard and Rapoport (1987) and Moreno and Delgado (1997) reported that among drug-users with OCD, there was a worsening of symptoms under the influence of cocaine, but a remission of symptoms for hours/ days following psilocybin use. Wilcox (2014) described a case in which a patient with OCD self-medicated with psilocybin, once every three weeks, experienced a preserved effect of reduced anxiety, obsessive thoughts, and compulsive behaviour. In another case report, a patient suffering from a body dysmorphic disorder (spending about 4 hours a day examining himself in the mirror), has experienced a significant reduction in distress and a notable change in body perception following multiple dosing of psilocybin. Moreno et al. 2006 conducted a semi open-label trial examining the effect of psilocybin on nine participants with mild to severe OCD, which had at least one \"treatment failure\" defined as a lack of significant improvement after an adequate treatment. Doses were 25 (very low dose \\[VLD\\]), 100 (low dose \\[LD\\]), 200 (medium dose \\[MD\\]), and 300 (high dose \\[HD\\]) µg/kg. LD, MD, and HD were assigned in that order, and VLD was inserted randomly and in a double-blind fashion at any time after the first dose (LD). In measurements during the 24 hours after each dose all participants have experienced a significant relief in symptoms (23%-100% as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale \\[YBOCS\\]) in at least one of the sessions. Two of the subjects reported that their symptomatic improvement lasted most of the following week after testing. One subject achieved long-term remission at the end of the 4 test sessions, as measured at 6-month follow-up. There was, however, no clear dose-response relationship to the change in YBOCS score and no correlation between YBOCS score reduction and the perceived intensity of the psychedelic experience. These preliminary findings stress the need for further research to examine the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of OCD. In addition, the only clinical trial to date did not include psychotherapy for patients while under the influence of psilocybin. Earlier studies have shown that a preliminary therapeutic relationship before psilocybin administration increases the probability for a \"peak experience\" during sessions. Furthermore, two more recent studies have emphasized the importance of psychotherapy during and before psilocybin sessions, touching on 'intent' and formulating an early and strong therapeutic relationship. There is also a reference to the, \"psychedelic afterglow\", an effect lasting for days and even weeks after a psychedelic session during which there is a unique window for a meaningful transformative psychotherapeutic intervention, most likely owing to the increased psychological plasticity following a psychedelic experience. The current study has two main goals: 1. Determine the safety and efficacy of psilocybin for patients suffering from OCD. 2. Elucidate the psychological mechanisms contributing to the beneficial effect of psilocybin on OCD symptoms. Research Plan: The current research aims to examine the feasibility, safety and efficacy of psychotherapy assisted psilocybin for treatment of severe OCD. The protocol includes 15 therapeutic sessions, of which 12 are one-hour sessions, and three are eight hours' experiential sessions (session 4,8,12) under the influence of psilocybin. In the first experiential session participants will receive a safety dose of 10mg/70kg. In the second and third sessions, participants will receive a therapeutic dose of 30mg/70kg. Three preparatory sessions will take place before the first experiential session, and three integration sessions will take place after each experiential session. The research will include 15 participants, and will include the following phases: Selection phase: Research team will screen participants via phone interviews. Participants answering the inclusion criteria will be invited to receive and sign consent forms. Research member will collect demographics and health status data and register the participants according to study protocol. Preparatory and final registration phase: It is known that SSRIs have a counter effect on psilocybin; therefore, to allow a full effect of psilocybin it is necessary to avoid drug interaction and discontinue previous treatment. In a period of 4 weeks participants will undergo medication withdrawal under psychiatric supervision. During the 4 weeks period each participant will have 2-4 sessions (as needed) with the research psychiatrist, to supervise their clinical state. At the end of 4 weeks, a psychiatric evaluation will take place to determine readiness to begin psilocybin treatment. Baseline assessment, and preparatory therapeutic sessions phase: During the 5-6 weeks from registration, participants will have three preparatory psychotherapy sessions with a couple of therapists assigned to their treatment. Prior to their first psychotherapy session, participants will complete the first-baseline assessment of research questionnaires. Treatment phase: The treatment phase includes three experiential sessions with psilocybin (sessions 4, 8, 12), and three integration sessions after each experiential session. During this phase participants will complete three assessments using research questionnaires (sessions 2, 10, 15). End of treatment and follow-up phase: Primary outcome assessment will take place at the end of the last therapeutic session (no.15). Additional assessments will take place at three months, and six months/one-year follow-up. Research procedure Participants will sign consent forms, before participating in the research treatment. The treatment is based on 15 therapy sessions: * Three preliminary sessions for establishing therapeutic alliance with the therapists and preparing the participant for the first experiential session. * An 8-hour experiential session with a safety dose of psilocybin (10mg/70 kg). (V4) * Participant will spend the night at the medical facility, under the supervision of a research member. * A1-hour session with the therapists, on the following morning (V5) * Two integration sessions, and preparation for the next experiential session. (V6, V7) * An 8-hour experiential session with a therapeutic dose of psilocybin (30mg/70 kg). (V8) * Participant will spend the night at the medical facility, under the supervision of a research member. * A1-hour session with the therapists, on the following morning (V9) * Two integration sessions, and preparation for the next experiential session. (V10, V11) * An 8-hour experiential session with a therapeutic dose of psilocybin (30mg/70 kg). (V12) * Participant will spend the night at the medical facility, under the supervision of a research member. * A1-hour session with the therapists, on the following morning (V13) * Two integration and summary sessions. (V14, V15) Possible discomfort: It is possible that psilocybin and the experience it induces will cause some emotional or physical discomfort. Investigators will address all possible discomforts and appropriate measures to contain them, in the research safety instructions. Research purpose: The main objective of this research is to use standardized measuring tools to explore the safety and efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in treating severe OCD symptoms. A secondary aim is to explore possible variables underlying change in symptoms. Research objectives: The main objective is to assess efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in treating severe OCD symptoms. This assessment will be based on comparing ratings of the main outcome measure (Y-BOCS), at baseline (session 2) at the middle and at end of treatment (session 10, 15 respectively). A score under 14 or a reduction of 35% in the overall score will be considered as remission (Lewin, Nadai, Park, Goodman, Murphy \\& Stroch, 2011). Secondary objectives: assessing safety by collecting data on side effects, and assessing possible spiritual variables underlying change in symptoms via standardized questionnaires and semi constructed interviews. Safety: The general safety goal is to assess occurrence and frequency of adverse events during treatment. This includes suicide ideation and/or behaviour, and adverse physiological or psychological responses. The safety of psilocybin use was previously proven in several clinical research. Potential adverse effects: In general, psychedelic drugs have low levels of physiological toxicity, and previous research indicate no evidence of toxicity, organ damage or neurophysiological disfunctions. Possible physiological effects experienced under the influence of psychedelic substances may include: dizziness, weakness, tremor, paresthesia, nausea, thirst, blurred vision, dilated pupils, and hyperreflexia. These somatic effects are dynamic and relatively minor, even when the psychological effect (sensory, perceptual, and cognitive) is strong/intense. The significant risk associated with psilocybin intake, is a subjective experience of fear and anxiety, panic, dysphoria and/or paranoia. Recent clinical studies report a high safety level with no adverse effects. The high safety levels can be attributed to several control parameters described below, and to complying with safety guidelines in clinical psychotherapy with psychedelics. The use of psilocybin requires a significant psychotherapeutic holding of the subjective experience, that will provide a safe and supportive environment during the psychedelic experience. The safety guidelines in clinical psychotherapy with psychedelics describe the therapeutic presence and processes, as well as the set and settings needed to provide a supportive emotional and external environment. Safety measures: 1. Controlling the quality of psilocybin and ensuring it is manufactured under GMP conditions. 2. Controlling for appropriate and adjusted dosage. 3. Controlling a strict protocol for screening eligible participants to the study (for details see inclusion-exclusion criteria section) 4. Recruiting professional and experienced psychotherapists with the appropriate training for clinical psychotherapy with psychedelics. Professionals will undergo a unique training to work with the psychotherapy protocol written for the current research. 5. Psychotherapists will work in pairs (a man and a woman), to provide an optimal holding space for each participant. 6. A proximity of a medical team for case of emergency. 7. Providing preparatory and integration sessions before and after the psilocybin sessions. 8. Preparing and using a comfortable and friendly room for the therapeutic session. The physical environment in which the treatment takes place should be suitable to the physical as well as the emotional safety of the participant. This means creating a lenient environment, which provides a pleasant and welcoming atmosphere, and may elicit a sense of intimacy and connection. As opposed to the environment of a hospital, a space like this supports and strengthens the participant's sense of safety and connectedness, thus helping him/her contain the intense psychedelic experience. 9. Guidelines for psychotherapy process: these guidelines are based on the humanistic perspective, and concern the characteristic of the therapeutic process: * A supportive, accepting, and non-judgmental presence of the therapist. * The importance of the therapeutic alliance and trust between participant and therapists. * A non-directive approach, supportive and gentle presence that stays with the participant's unfolding experience. * Viewing the mind as multi-dimensional, making space for the diverse dimensions of the internal experience: physical, emotional, and spiritual. 10. Maintaining a well-documented monitoring of the study and the participants status during the study period. 11. Monitoring physiological measure (blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature) during the psychedelic sessions with psilocybin: before taking the drug, an hour and a half after taking the drug, and 8 hours after. In case of anomalies physiological measures will be monitor more frequently. 12. Consulting and collaborating with other research teams with similar research interests, in NYU and Imperial College in London, UK.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04882839", "keywords": "Obsessive-compulsive Disorder, psychotherapy assisted psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04882839\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Animal Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3058, "title": "Microdosing Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder: Study Protocol for a Phase II Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Partial Crossover Trial", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder study protocol for a phase ii double blind placebo controlled randomized partial crossover trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting roughly 322 million people. Recently, doses of psilocybin have shown promise in treating mood disorders, sparking interest in other dosing practices. According to anecdotal reports and observational studies, microdosing psilocybin yields benefits to mental health; however, rigorously controlled trials have failed to produce compelling evidence for this. Aims: To conduct a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized partial crossover trial to compare microdosing psilocybin to placebo for MDD, evaluating its safety, tolerability, and preliminary antidepressant effects. Method: 40 adults with MDD will be randomized to four doses of psilocybin (2 mg) or placebo (maltodextrin) once weekly over four weeks, then four doses of psilocybin (2 mg) once weekly for an additional four weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint will be change in depression symptoms, as measured at baseline (0 weeks), after the experimental phase (4 weeks), and after the open-label phase (8 weeks). A battery of mood, well-being, attention, creativity, mindfulness, and pro-sociality measures will be administered at each time point. Follow ups will occur every six months for up to two years after the trial start date, as part of a long-term extension study. Conclusions: Findings will inform future research on microdosing psilocybin for MDD, regarding dose regimens, effect sizes, and expectancy bias. Findings will also facilitate discussions on the comparable benefits of sub- versus threshold doses of psilocybin, and the therapeutic value of radically altered perception.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-11-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/hmnsw_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"hmnsw_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Creativity,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4241, "title": "Qualitative insights into psilocybin and LSD experiences: Enhanced connection and emotion processing reported by Spanish-speaking survey respondents", "normalized_title": "qualitative insights into psilocybin and lsd experiences enhanced connection and emotion processing reported by spanish speaking survey respondents", "authors": "Meghan DellaCrosse, Shoval Gilead, Rafael Lancelotta, Ana María Ortiz Bernal, Christopher Timmermann, Alan K. Davis", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD have shown potential therapeutic benefits for mental health conditions, including depression, PTSD, and addiction. However, research remains limited due to regulatory barriers and a lack of diversity in study populations. Spanish-speaking individuals, despite their significant global and U.S. presence, are underrepresented in psychedelic research, leaving a gap in understanding their unique experiences and cultural contexts. This study is a secondary qualitative analysis of data from a survey of Spanish-speaking individuals (N=379) who reported a memorable psilocybin mushroom or LSD experience. Participants were recruited through online platforms and described their most memorable psychedelic experience in an open-ended response item. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted on responses (N=379) to identify prominent experiential characteristics. Responses were verbatim translated from Spanish to English, with validation to ensure accuracy. Two primary themes were identified: (1) Experiences of Deep Connection, encompassing connectedness to nature, others, the present moment, and the substance itself; and (2) Emotion-Related Experiences, ranging from elevated positive states (e.g., joy, peace) to emotional processing, catharsis, and challenging experiences. While similarities were observed across both substances, unique nuances were noted. Findings highlight the importance of including diverse populations in psychedelic research to ensure generalizability and cultural relevance. The study underscores the therapeutic potential of psychedelics while emphasizing the need for culturally sensitive tools to support diverse communities. Future research should prioritize inclusivity and explore the intersection of cultural values and psychedelic experiences. Los psicodélicos serotoninérgicos como la psilocibina y el LSD han demostrado posibles beneficios terapéuticos para condiciones de salud mental, incluidas la depresión, el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) y la adicción. Sin embargo, la investigación sigue siendo limitada debido a barreras regulatorias y a la falta de diversidad en las poblaciones estudiadas. Las personas hispanohablantes, a pesar de su significativa presencia global y en los EE.UU., están subrepresentadas en la investigación psicodélica, lo que deja una brecha en la comprensión de sus experiencias y contextos culturales únicos. Este estudio es un análisis cualitativo secundario de datos obtenidos a partir de una encuesta dirigida a personas hispanohablantes (N=379) que reportaron una experiencia memorable con psilocibina o LSD. Los participantes fueron reclutados a través de plataformas en línea y respondieron a una pregunta abierta describiendo su experiencia psicodélica más memorable. Se realizó un análisis temático reflexivo de las respuestas (N=379) para identificar características experienciales destacadas. Las respuestas fueron traducidas de forma literal del español al inglés, con un proceso de validación para garantizar su precisión. Se identificaron dos temas principales: (1) Experiencias de Conexión Profunda, que incluyen la conexión con la naturaleza, otras personas, el momento presente y la propia sustancia; y (2) Experiencias Relacionadas con las Emociones, que abarcan desde estados positivos elevados (por ejemplo, alegría, paz) hasta el procesamiento emocional, la catarsis y experiencias desafiantes. Aunque se observaron similitudes entre ambas sustancias, también se identificaron matices distintivos. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de incluir poblaciones diversas en la investigación psicodélica para garantizar su generalización y relevancia cultural. El estudio subraya el potencial terapéutico de los psicodélicos, al mismo tiempo que enfatiza la necesidad de desarrollar herramientas culturalmente sensibles para apoyar a comunidades diversas. Las investigaciones futuras deberían priorizar la inclusión y explorar la intersección entre los valores culturales y las experiencias psicodélicas.", "journal": "Psychedelics", "publication_date": "2025-11-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.psyche.2025.100004", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyche.2025.100004", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Generalizability theory, Thematic analysis, Mental health, Qualitative research, Social psychology, Reflexivity, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Psychotherapist, Social connectedness, Experiential learning, Qualitative property, Hallucinogen, Cultural diversity, Clinical psychology, Dyad, Disgust, Disengagement theory, Relevance (law), Lived experience, Shame, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:32", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416229038\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416229038\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1971841445\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102059582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623228771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885455509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965468106\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973627003\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087672006\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092548915\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220656556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220776312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292136326\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311439362\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378174725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399071817\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400279567\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403366569\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403628871\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406955835\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407380636\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411462140\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063981201\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan DellaCrosse\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5554-277X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119535270\",\"display_name\":\"Shoval Gilead\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056271117\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael Lancelotta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-3463\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065805342\",\"display_name\":\"Ana María Ortiz Bernal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3304-6497\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055329548\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-377X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5407037080\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyche.2025.100004\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416229038" }, { "id": 436, "title": "Negative affective bias in depression following treatment with psilocybin or escitalopram - a secondary analysis from a randomized trial", "normalized_title": "negative affective bias in depression following treatment with psilocybin or escitalopram a secondary analysis from a randomized trial", "authors": "Marieke Martens, Bruna Giribaldi Cunha, David Erritzøe, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, Catherine J. Harmer", "abstract": "Recent clinical trial data suggests that ratings on depression scales are lowered after psilocybin therapy compared to placebo, though it is unclear what neuropsychological mechanisms underpin these effects. This study compared psilocybin, with an established antidepressant, escitalopram, to investigate whether there are shared or distinct effects on emotional information processing. Patients with long-standing moderate-to-severe depression were randomly and double-blindly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 1) two doses of 25 mg of psilocybin, 3-weeks apart, plus 6-weeks of daily placebo (psilocybin group N = 30); or 2) two doses of 1 mg of psilocybin 3-weeks apart plus 6-weeks of daily oral escitalopram (escitalopram group N = 29); all patients received the same psychological support. Behavioural measures of affective bias as well as subjective measures of depression were collected at baseline and at the primary 6-week endpoint, using an established computerised task (Facial Emotion Recognition Task) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, respectively. Change in affective bias was further correlated with change in depression scores measured concurrently as well as at 1-month post-trial follow-up (week-10), corrected for baseline depression severity. Negative bias in facial expression recognition decreased after both treatments to a comparable level. Concurrently, change in negative affective bias was not associated with change in depression. Longitudinally, a decrease in the misclassification of positive faces as negative was associated with a decrease in depression scores at week-10 for the escitalopram group only. Therefore, a more positive behavioural bias in emotional processing was seen following psilocybin and citalopram compared to baseline. This highlights the potential for at least some overlap in cognitive mechanisms across two distinct treatments, which is noteworthy given the short dosing regimen with psilocybin.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-11-12", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-025-03693-w", "pubmed_id": "41257994", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03693-w", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Citalopram, Psychology, Depression (economics), Placebo, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Psilocybin, Neuropsychology, Major depressive disorder, Attentional bias, Internal medicine, Clinical trial, Anhedonia, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Depressive symptoms, Medicine, Psychotic depression, Meta-analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416593366\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416593366\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"https://openalex.org/W1557839980\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976073163\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984624493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031050189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090514581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105190393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105571318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134189152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138664664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144743430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147154687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169235472\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2443266577\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553993334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769519277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900603166\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999837842\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3121304114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158335389\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195175162\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210887564\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215602110\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236025940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307481727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385271945\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390691843\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410137899\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014442426\",\"display_name\":\"Marieke Martens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0108-1327\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028567759\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi Cunha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012818091\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine J. Harmer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-8335\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03693-w\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416593366" }, { "id": 356, "title": "‘Magic’ mechanisms underlie psilocybin’s effects in chronic pain", "normalized_title": "magic mechanisms underlie psilocybin s effects in chronic pain", "authors": "Sian Lewis", "abstract": "", "journal": "Nature reviews. Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2025-11-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41583-025-00999-y", "pubmed_id": "41219396", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-025-00999-y", "keywords": "Chronic pain, Medicine, Anxiety, Chronic disease, Anesthesia, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Hyperalgesia, Component (thermodynamics), Physical therapy, Depression (economics), Disease, Nociception, Action (physics), Mechanism (biology), Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416111978\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416111978\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4414747399\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109332189\",\"display_name\":\"Sian Lewis\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S26843219\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature reviews. Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-025-00999-y\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416111978" }, { "id": 305, "title": "Pharmacodynamic biomarker - or psychotherapeutic process? Comment on “The role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression”", "normalized_title": "pharmacodynamic biomarker or psychotherapeutic process comment on the role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Max Wolff, Samuli Kangaslampi", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2025-11-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.120637", "pubmed_id": "41224017", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120637", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacodynamics, Biomarker, Pharmacology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), MEDLINE, Psychology, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416412154\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416412154\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2803499312\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396893361\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409393786\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410217856\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414994323\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075794355\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-9633\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032158710\",\"display_name\":\"Samuli Kangaslampi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0480-9806\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120637\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416412154" }, { "id": 4245, "title": "Novel qNMR Methodto Quantify Psilocybin and Psilocinin Psychedelic Mushrooms", "normalized_title": "novel qnmr methodto quantify psilocybin and psilocinin psychedelic mushrooms", "authors": "Luisina Rodríguez (12333694), Guillermo Morera (22593717), Sandra Lupo (22593720), Danilo Davyt (2738347), Ignacio Carrera (1677175), Gonzalo Hernández Dossi (22593723)", "abstract": "Psychedelic mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus contain the psychoactive tryptamines psilocybin and psilocin, compounds currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of depression and other psychiatric conditions. However, the accurate quantification of these alkaloids in fungal matrices remains analytically challenging. Here, we report an optimized extraction protocol and a robust, nondestructive quantification method based on quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy. Using a combination of 1H- and 31P NMR, we achieved simultaneous detection and quantification of psilocin and psilocybin in dried Psilocybe cubensis samples with high accuracy and reproducibility. Our method revealed significant variability in tryptamine content and psilocybin-to-psilocin ratios among user-provided and laboratory-grown samples, underscoring the potential influence of storage conditions on alkaloid stability. Compared with conventional chromatographic approaches, qNMR offers a rapid and calibration-free alternative for the routine analysis of psychedelic fungi. This approach may facilitate quality control in emerging clinical and regulatory contexts of psychedelic mushrooms.", "journal": "Figshare", "publication_date": "2025-11-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.5c07092.s001", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Novel_qNMR_Method_to_Quantify_Psilocybin_and_Psilocin_in_Psychedelic_Mushrooms/30584544", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tryptamine, Tryptamines, Chemistry, Chromatography, Solid phase extraction, Extraction (chemistry), Folium of Descartes, Quantitative analysis (chemistry), Hallucinogen, Alkaloid, Spectral analysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7111180330\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7111180330\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":18,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Luisina Rodríguez (12333694)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Guillermo Morera (22593717)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Sandra Lupo (22593720)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Danilo Davyt (2738347)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Ignacio Carrera (1677175)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Gonzalo Hernández Dossi (22593723)\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196282\",\"source_display_name\":\"Figshare\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Novel_qNMR_Method_to_Quantify_Psilocybin_and_Psilocin_in_Psychedelic_Mushrooms/30584544\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7111180330" }, { "id": 422, "title": "Novel qNMR Method to Quantify Psilocybin and Psilocin in Psychedelic Mushrooms", "normalized_title": "novel qnmr method to quantify psilocybin and psilocin in psychedelic mushrooms", "authors": "Luisina Castelli Rodríguez, Guillermo Morera, Sandra Lupo, Danilo Davyt, Ignacio Carrera, Gonzalo Hernández Dossi", "abstract": "High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Psychedelic mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus contain the psychoactive tryptamines psilocybin and psilocin, compounds currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of depression and other psychiatric conditions. However, the accurate quantification of these alkaloids in fungal matrices remains analytically challenging. Here, we report an optimized extraction protocol and a robust, nondestructive quantification method based on quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy. Using a combination of 1 H- and 31 P NMR, we achieved simultaneous detection and quantification of psilocin and psilocybin in dried Psilocybe cubensis samples with high accuracy and reproducibility. Our method revealed significant variability in tryptamine content and psilocybin-to-psilocin ratios among user-provided and laboratory-grown samples, underscoring the potential influence of storage conditions on alkaloid stability. Compared with conventional chromatographic approaches, qNMR offers a rapid and calibration-free alternative for the routine analysis of psychedelic fungi. This approach may facilitate quality control in emerging clinical and regulatory contexts of psychedelic mushrooms.", "journal": "ACS Omega", "publication_date": "2025-11-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.5c07092", "pubmed_id": "41322617", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c07092", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tryptamine, Tryptamines, Chemistry, Chromatography, Extraction (chemistry), Folium of Descartes, Solid phase extraction, Quantitative analysis (chemistry), Hallucinogen, Alkaloid, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416673609\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416673609\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":18,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009390034\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012142575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018061252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027191929\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080507858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111988752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130590956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154524838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753941774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983552824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164319372\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224228883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4256228556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280616839\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309210963\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310466310\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324284874\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366089680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394648062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406904437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055035871\",\"display_name\":\"Luisina Castelli Rodríguez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-3065\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087024978\",\"display_name\":\"Guillermo Morera\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9290-459X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051760959\",\"display_name\":\"Sandra Lupo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-5545\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068086853\",\"display_name\":\"Danilo Davyt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-2322\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079148415\",\"display_name\":\"Ignacio Carrera\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-3162\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115634762\",\"display_name\":\"Gonzalo Hernández Dossi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2229-0034\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210239500\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Omega\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c07092\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416673609" }, { "id": 3033, "title": "Ketamine and Psilocybin Differentially Impact Sensory Learning During the Mismatch Negativity", "normalized_title": "ketamine and psilocybin differentially impact sensory learning during the mismatch negativity", "authors": "Allohverdi SG, Soltanzadeh M, Schmidt A, Charlton CE, Hauke DJ, Karvelis P, Vollenweider FX, Diaconescu AO.", "abstract": "Ketamine and psilocybin show potential as therapies for various mental illnesses, including major depressive disorder. However, further investigation into their neural mechanisms is required to understand their effects on the brain. By combining computational modelling with electroencephalography (EEG), we examine the effects of ketamine and psilocybin on hierarchical sensory pwPE learning in the context of the auditory mismatch negativity, an event-related potential consistently shown to be reduced under psychotomimetic interventions. We employed a Bayesian framework and re-analyzed a previously acquired EEG dataset (Schmidt et al., 2012) by modelling single-trial EEG data using the Hierarchical Gaussian Filter. Using a placebo-controlled within-subject crossover design, healthy subjects were administered either S-ketamine or psilocybin during an auditory roving paradigm of pure sinusoidal tones. Our findings elucidate distinct neural impacts of ketamine and psilocybin on sensory learning: ketamine led to a larger reduction in the effect of sensory precision compared to placebo from 207 to 316 ms peaking at 277 ms in the frontal central channels, while psilocybin showed no significant effect. Both drugs reduced the expression of belief precision between 160 to 184 ms, peaking at 172 ms. For higher-level volatility pwPEs, ketamine reduced the expression at 312 ms while psilocybin had a null effect. For perception of elementary imagery, ketamine had a greater effect than psilocybin on sensory and volatility precision, while psilocybin had a greater effect on volatility pwPEs. Our findings suggest hallucinogens have distinct effects on sensory learning that could inform tailored therapies for major depression.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-11-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.11.06.687023", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.06.687023", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1116082\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 408, "title": "Efficacy, all-cause discontinuation, and safety of serotonergic psychedelics and MDMA to treat mental disorders: A living systematic review with meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "efficacy all cause discontinuation and safety of serotonergic psychedelics and mdma to treat mental disorders a living systematic review with meta analysis", "authors": "Højlund M, Kafali HY, Kırmızı B, Fusar-Poli P, Correll CU, Cortese S, Sabé M, Fiedorowicz J, Saraf G, Zein J, Berk M, Husain MI, Rosenblat JD, Rubaiyat R, Corace K, Wong S, Hatcher S, Kaluzienski M, Yatham LN, Cipriani A, Gosling CJ, Carhart-Harris R, Tanuseputro P, Myran DT, Fabiano N, Moher D, Mayo LM, Nicholls SG, White T, Prisco M, Radua J, Vieta E, Ladha KS, Katz J, Veroniki AA, Solmi M.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics and 3,4-methylendioxtmethamphetamine (MDMA) are promising treatments for mental disorders with a continuously evolving evidence base. We searched Pubmed/Scopus/clinical trial registries up to 08july2025 for double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing MDMA or serotonergic psychedelics in patients with mental disorders. Primary outcomes were change in disease-specific symptoms and all-cause discontinuation. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and relative risk (RR) were estimated using random-effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed with Cochrane's RoB-tool version 2 and certainty of evidence with GRADE. The review is maintained as living systematic review (https://ebipsyche-database.org/). We included 30 RCTs (1480 participants; female=45.8 %; with psychological support=83.3 %; high RoB=83.3 %). In post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), MDMA reduced PTSD symptoms compared to any control (k = 11; SMD=-0.85 [-1.09; -0.60]; I2=0 %; GRADE=low). In major depressive disorder (MDD), psilocybin/ayahuasca/LSD reduced depressive symptoms (k = 8; SMD=-0.62 [-0.97; -0.28]; I2=55 %; GRADE=very low). In anxiety disorders, both MDMA and serotonergic psychedelics reduced anxiety symptoms (SMDMDMA=-1.18 [-2.04; -0.32]; I2=0 %; k = 2; GRADE=low and SMDserotonergic=-0.88 [-1.70; -0.06]; I2=54 %;k = 5; GRADE=very low). In alcohol use disorder, neither psilocybin nor LSD reduced abstinence rates (k = 6; RR=1.42 [0.89; 2.26]; I2=7 %; GRADE=very low). In attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), LSD did not reduce ADHD symptoms (k = 1; SMD=0.22 [-0.32; 0.76]; GRADE=very low). Moderate certainty in evidence was only found for MDMA on PTSD symptoms when compared to placebo. MDMA/serotonergic psychedelics were not associated with higher risk of all-cause discontinuation (RRMDMA=0.74 [0.32; 1.72]; RRserotonergic=0.81 [0.56; 1.15]). Overall, MDMA/serotonergic psychedelics are promising for the treatment of PTSD, MDD, and anxiety disorders with moderate to large effect sizes. Pragmatic trials, long-term, head-to-head trials exploring the role of psychological support, aiming to identify predictors of response, and accounting for expectancy and functional unblinding are needed. Studies addressing these limitations will likely be required for regulatory approval of psychedelic drugs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-11-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.09.011", "pubmed_id": "41205366", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.09.011", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Mental Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41205366\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4246, "title": "A single dose of psilocybin alleviates chronic pain and associated anxiety and depression in mice", "normalized_title": "a single dose of psilocybin alleviates chronic pain and associated anxiety and depression in mice", "authors": "AccessScience Editors", "abstract": "AccessScience is an authoritative and dynamic online resource that contains incisively written, high-quality educational material covering all major scientific disciplines. An acclaimed gateway to scientific knowledge, AccessScience is continually expanding the ways it can demonstrate and explain core, trustworthy scientific information that inspires and guides users to deeper knowledge.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-11-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1036/1097-8542.br2511031", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.br2511031", "keywords": "Anxiety, Depression (economics), Trustworthiness, Chronic pain, Medicine, Resource (disambiguation), Psilocybin, Gateway (web page), Psychology, Anesthesia, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Information resource, Internal medicine, Somatization, Pharmacology, Sociology of scientific knowledge, Emulation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415974900\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415974900\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"AccessScience Editors\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.br2511031\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415974900" }, { "id": 4248, "title": "Divergent effects of ketamine and psilocybin on EEG power spectral density in a mismatch negativity paradigm", "normalized_title": "divergent effects of ketamine and psilocybin on eeg power spectral density in a mismatch negativity paradigm", "authors": "Milad Soltanzadeh, Zheng Wang, Shona G. Allohverdi, Colleen E. Charlton, André Schmidt, Franz Xaver Vollenweider, Andreea O. Diaconescu", "abstract": "", "journal": "Universität Zürich, ZORA", "publication_date": "2025-11-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.5167/uzh-292276", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-292276", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Electroencephalography, Neuroscience, Ketamine, Psychology, Aperiodic graph, Electrophysiology, NMDA receptor, Default mode network, Memantine, Mismatch negativity, Stimulus (psychology), Neurochemical, Spectral density, Medicine, Audiology, Anxiety, Neocortex, Local field potential, Pyramidal cell, Brain activity and meditation, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Treatment of Major Depression, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7130720501\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7130720501\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109269281\",\"display_name\":\"Milad Soltanzadeh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7088-8924\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126446919\",\"display_name\":\"Zheng Wang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057289789\",\"display_name\":\"Shona G. Allohverdi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3697-6032\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000031293\",\"display_name\":\"Colleen E. Charlton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-3533\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5126523760\",\"display_name\":\"André Schmidt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124807618\",\"display_name\":\"Franz Xaver Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073220617\",\"display_name\":\"Andreea O. Diaconescu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-9757\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407051291\",\"source_display_name\":\"Universität Zürich, ZORA\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-292276\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7130720501" }, { "id": 3510, "title": "Psilocybin - Induced Neuroplasticity in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced neuroplasticity in the treatment of major depressive disorder", "authors": "Yale University", "abstract": "The primary goal of this pilot study is to investigate whether psilocybin alters neuroplasticity in people with major depressive disorder. The primary hypothesis is that psilocybin will result in neuroplastic changes that parallel improvement in symptoms of depression. In this placebo-controlled, blinded study, individuals with depression will participate in 2 experimental sessions approximately 4 weeks apart during which they will receive two of the following three interventions: 1) placebo, 2) low dose psilocybin (0.1 mg/kg), and 3) medium dose psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03554174", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Low Dose Psilocybin, Placebo, Medium Dose Psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03554174\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3489, "title": "A Phase 1/2 Study of a Group Model of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Cancer-Related Anxiety in Patients With Metastatic Cancer", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 2 study of a group model of psilocybin assisted therapy for cancer related anxiety in patients with metastatic cancer", "authors": "University of Washington", "abstract": "This phase I/II trial tests the safety and side effects of psilocybin in combination with therapy for the treatment of patients with metastatic cancer and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. Psilocybin is a substance being studied in conjunction with therapy for the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with cancer. In this study, the psilocybin being used is derived from the mushroom psilocybe cubensis using a patented process that results in a pharmaceutical grade version of psilocybin. Psilocybin acts by activating serotonin receptors on brain cells which can change perceptions and patterns of thinking in ways that may decrease anxiety. OUTLINE: Patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) and participate in group and individual therapy sessions on trial.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-11-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05847686", "keywords": "Hematopoietic and Lymphatic System Neoplasm, Metastatic Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Counseling, Counseling Intervention, Psilocybin, CY-39, Indocybin, psilocybine, Questionnaire Administration, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05847686\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3067, "title": "Psilocybin reduces depressive-like behavior and improves cognition in healthy aging mice via epigenetic regulation of plasticity- and immune-related genes", "normalized_title": "psilocybin reduces depressive like behavior and improves cognition in healthy aging mice via epigenetic regulation of plasticity and immune related genes", "authors": "Mennenga S, Hanson T, Semple M, Lifshitz D, Flores B, Balducci J, Harker S, Ford A, Lewis C.", "abstract": "Abstract For many, cognitive and affective health declines through typical aging. Although cognitive and affective symptoms are often studied in isolation, they share substantial overlap, and arise, in part, from common biological processes. Aging is accompanied by diminished neural plasticity, heightened neuroinflammation, and widespread alterations in the epigenome. These molecular changes mirror behavioral decline, linking the erosion of cellular adaptability to the decline of cognitive function and emotional well-being in aging. Here, we show that psilocybin reverses age-related behavioral and epigenetic alterations in aged mice. Male and female C57BL/6 mice (11 months old) received two intraperitoneal doses of psilocybin (1mg/kg) or saline one week apart and were evaluated for memory and affective behaviors. Psilocybin improved learning and memory in females and reduced depressive-like behavior across sexes. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling in the prefrontal cortex and bilateral hippocampus revealed widespread, sex- and region-specific effects, with the right hippocampus of females showing the most extensive gene-level changes. Differentially methylated loci were enriched for pathways related to synaptic organization, axon guidance, and neuroimmune signaling. Notably, psilocybin reversed age-associated methylation at CpG sites linked to typical aging, including within the Tbr1 promoter, a transcription factor essential for excitatory neuron development and synapse formation. Moreover, methylation at Tbr1 mediated psilocybin’s pro-cognitive effects on Y-Maze performance in females. Together, these findings demonstrate that psilocybin induces coordinated behavioral and epigenetic remodeling in the aging brain, with lateralized and sex-dependent signatures implicating neuroimmune and neuroplasticity transcriptional networks. Psilocybin thus emerges as a candidate compound for promoting aging resilience.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2025-11-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-7890051/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7890051/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1114471\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Epigenetics,Wellbeing,Resilience,Emotional Processing,Animal Study,Genomics,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4249, "title": "Hormonal Influences on Psilocybin Responsivity Across the Female Lifespan: Toward Personalized Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "hormonal influences on psilocybin responsivity across the female lifespan toward personalized psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "Faith Ekoh, Shanice Rerrie, James Angud, Ersilia Mirabelli", "abstract": "Today’s research highlights the therapeutic potential of the hallucinogen psilocybin in the treatment of pathologies associated with mood, cognitive, and affective dysregulation. These domains of function are regulated by the serotonergic system, which can be influenced by sex hormones, like estrogen and testosterone, and psychedelic compounds including psilocybin. Current evidence supports a higher prevalence of affective disorders in females, and a growing awareness of sex-based differences in response to drug therapy. Estrogen’s influence on serotonin physiology is an aspect that must be accounted for when planning a treatment regimen that includes a psychoactive drug such as psilocybin. A review of the current literature was conducted, and an analysis of how the fluid hormonal states in females across their different reproductive phases may impact serotonin dynamics, synaptic plasticity, and therapeutic timing of psilocybin use is discussed. Future research should focus on the influence of sex hormones on psychedelic-assisted therapy in the effort to further personalize treatment plans for these pathologies.", "journal": "Psychoactives", "publication_date": "2025-11-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/psychoactives4040039", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives4040039", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Serotonergic, Estrogen, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Serotonin, Hormone, Psychology, Psychiatry, Drug, Anhedonia, Physiology, Clinical psychology, Pharmacology, Fluoxetine, Antidepressant, Neuroscience, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Hormonal therapy, Neuropharmacology, Regimen, Hormone therapy, Depression (economics), Preclinical research, Affect (linguistics), Developmental psychology, Human studies, Internal medicine, Substance use, Pharmacotherapy, Bioinformatics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415817857\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415817857\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W422260766\",\"https://openalex.org/W1217791403\",\"https://openalex.org/W1555828690\",\"https://openalex.org/W1563459863\",\"https://openalex.org/W1767563822\",\"https://openalex.org/W1937097615\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971723070\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973801497\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974105077\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980108852\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983008600\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985781911\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990899486\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991478663\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992942888\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994299993\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999673711\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001926934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005076717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011919805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016210950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021349846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022727635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023482999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023500766\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024106001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032877790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043791515\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051719689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053972011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059391693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059800315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061601865\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061847541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067904939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075455407\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079234104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101051744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104302525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113746812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117890073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122449261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125755183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127339438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129578668\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133787329\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136816138\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148412570\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150771326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151985832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163649785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172205559\",\"https://openalex.org/W2253171309\",\"https://openalex.org/W2310774920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2327221240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2517238551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549071211\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2583083439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2599148693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610491090\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735579573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2771759142\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800751256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804876758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804960675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888120251\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898316404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912412197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914452867\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972303659\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3053159770\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093733090\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3115894234\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183330332\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205208574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211248987\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213204196\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281296724\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282923728\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283835704\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294189301\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312055503\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196420\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313414122\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317708620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323924592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367184254\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387666480\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388097035\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388486766\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389618024\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389793820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390951308\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391042389\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393091289\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395685207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396795430\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399525469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400449392\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401550078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401880965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402577387\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406845122\",\"https://openalex.org/W440687412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Ekoh\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120234559\",\"display_name\":\"Shanice Rerrie\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120234560\",\"display_name\":\"James Angud\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091333929\",\"display_name\":\"Ersilia Mirabelli\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387280156\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychoactives\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives4040039\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Longevity,Review Article,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415817857" }, { "id": 84, "title": "Lifetime Psychedelic Use and Opioid Use Disorder Severity: Substance-Use Pattern Specific and Mental Health-Dependent Associations in a National Survey", "normalized_title": "lifetime psychedelic use and opioid use disorder severity substance use pattern specific and mental health dependent associations in a national survey", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background and Aims The ongoing opioid epidemic remains a major public health crisis in the United States, with over 100,000 opioid-related deaths annually. Mental health disorders are strongly associated with opioid use disorder (OUD), compounding risks of misuse and overdose. Emerging evidence indicates that psychedelics may be associated with reduced risk of OUD. This study aimed to estimate the associations between lifetime psychedelic use and OUD severity, accounting for mental health impairment, and to test whether these associations vary by mental health status. Design Cross-sectional analysis of the 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health using structural equation modeling with multiple-group moderation. Reporting follows STROBE guidelines for observational studies. Setting United States, nationally representative community survey. Participants 45,133 adults aged ≥18 years (55% female; mean age = 35.6 years, SD = 13.7). Measurements The primary dependent variable was OUD severity (no disorder, mild, moderate, severe). Independent variables were two psychedelic factors: mescaline/peyote (Psychedelic_F1) and LSD, psilocybin, MDMA, DMT (Psychedelic_F2). Mental health impairment was modeled as a latent construct (psychological distress, functional impairment, major depression) and also used to define high vs. low impairment groups. Covariates were age, sex, and household income. Findings Psychedelic_F1 was associated with lower OUD severity (β = -0.34, p =.001, 95%CI [-0.550, -0.153]), while the Psychedelic_F2 was associated with higher severity (β = 0.60, p", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-11-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108652", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/jd2rk_v1", "keywords": "Mental Health Impairment, Mescaline, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, Opioid Use Disorder, Peyote, Psychedelics, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Substance Abuse and Addiction, Quantitative Methods, Quantitative Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"jd2rk_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4251, "title": "Psilocybin bei Alkoholkonsumstörung", "normalized_title": "psilocybin bei alkoholkonsumstörung", "authors": "", "abstract": "US-amerikanische Psychiater*innen untersuchten, inwieweit eine Behandlung mit Psilocybin bei Patient*innen mit Alkoholkonsumstörung Persönlichkeitsanomalien derart abschwächen kann, dass es zu einer Verringerung der Impulsivität mit weniger Alkoholkonsum kommt.", "journal": "Suchttherapie", "publication_date": "2025-10-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1055/a-2702-9616", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2702-9616", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Gynecology, Alcohol addiction, Depression (economics), Substance use, Hallucinogen, Cocaine use, Drug, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416016336\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416016336\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\"],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S30125665\",\"source_display_name\":\"Suchttherapie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2702-9616\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416016336" }, { "id": 4250, "title": "Metaanalyse: Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit von Psilocybin bei Major Depressionen", "normalized_title": "metaanalyse wirksamkeit und sicherheit von psilocybin bei major depressionen", "authors": "", "abstract": "Wissenschaftler*innen der polnischen LUXMED Gruppe bewerteten mit einer Metaanalyse die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit von Psilocybin bei der Behandlung von Major Depressionen (MDD), um die optimale Dosis und den optimalen Zeitpunkt für klinische Studien zu bestimmen.", "journal": "Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2025-10-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1055/a-2576-6069", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2576-6069", "keywords": "Medicine, Gynecology, Psilocybin, Drug prevention, Double blind, Fludrocortisone, Philosophy, Nosology, MEDLINE, Adrenal cortex hormones, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415976738\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415976738\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4405695737\"],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5647071\",\"source_display_name\":\"Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2576-6069\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415976738" }, { "id": 1987, "title": "Ketamine and psilocybin for athletes: A therapeutic breakthrough or a slippery slope?", "normalized_title": "ketamine and psilocybin for athletes a therapeutic breakthrough or a slippery slope", "authors": "Thomas Zandonai, Sofia Venturini, Ornella Corazza", "abstract": "• Ketamine and psilocybin show promise in athlete recovery and pain management. • Psychedelics may enhance resilience, mood, and cognitive flexibility in sports. • Growing athlete use raises concerns for safety and anti-doping regulation. • Evidence on long-term effects with exercise remains scarce, urging research.", "journal": "Performance Enhancement & Health", "publication_date": "2025-10-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.peh.2025.100386", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peh.2025.100386", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Ketamine, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Cognition, Flexibility (engineering), Anesthesia, Cognitive flexibility, Pain relief, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Dissociative, Addiction, Depression (economics), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415757045\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415757045\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2599106975\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207016700\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226270886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400803438\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401375939\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401432739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402642931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4414003501\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066844049\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Zandonai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7606-9675\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117323956\",\"display_name\":\"Sofia Venturini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1668-8333\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012791303\",\"display_name\":\"Ornella Corazza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7371-319X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764777161\",\"source_display_name\":\"Performance Enhancement & Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peh.2025.100386\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Resilience,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415757045" }, { "id": 460, "title": "The emotional architecture of the psychedelic brain.", "normalized_title": "the emotional architecture of the psychedelic brain", "authors": "Moujaes F, Rieser NM, Belinger L, Herdener M, Zahid Z, Preller KH", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics are being explored as treatments for a range of psychiatric conditions. Promising results in mood disorders indicate that their effects on emotional processing may play a central role in their therapeutic potential. However, mechanistic and clinical studies paint a complex picture of the impact of psychedelics on emotions and mood. Here, we review recent findings on the effects of psychedelics on emotion, emotional empathy, and mood. We discuss how psychedelics may impact long-term emotion management strategies, the significance of challenging experiences, and neuroplastic changes. More precise characterization of emotional states and greater attention to the temporal dynamics of psychedelic-induced effects will be critical for clarifying their mechanisms of action and optimizing their therapeutic impact.", "journal": "Trends in cognitive sciences", "publication_date": "2025-10-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.tics.2025.07.006", "pubmed_id": "40830011", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40830011/", "keywords": "amygdala, depression, mood, neuroplasticity, psilocybin, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40830011\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 458, "title": "The therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs: Legal, policy, and neuroscientific perspectives.", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs legal policy and neuroscientific perspectives", "authors": "Rahmani S, Crupi R, Riley AL, Davidson T", "abstract": "After many years of stigma and neglect, there is a resurgence of interest in the therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs. Anecdotal and evidence-based reports indicate psychedelics as a possible treatment for depression, anxiety, PTSD, substance abuse, and other disorders resistant to conventional medical interventions. The available data, however, are limited and the use of psychedelic substances in therapy remains controversial. This paper presents a collection of reports based on the talks of eighteen renowned experts in science, policy, and law who spoke at a recent symposium organized by American University's Center for Neuroscience and Behavior titled \"The Therapeutic Uses of Psychedelic Drugs: Legal, Policy, and Neuroscientific Perspectives.\" These speakers presented their ideas and perspectives concerning (a) the safety and effectiveness of psychedelic-assisted therapies; (b) the brain systems on which psychedelic drugs act; (c) ethical issues for both research and clinical settings; (d) pathways to increasing access to psychedelics for medical and nonmedical purposes; (e) federal and state regulation of psychedelic drugs for research, therapy, and nonmedical uses; and (f) procedures and requirements for psychedelic drug patents and commercialization. In considering these topics, each speaker strove to make their views accessible to diverse audiences of professionals outside of their own disciplines. This paper aims to faithfully convey the substance of each talk, while also providing additional context and updates relevant to the presentations. The symposium revealed the potential of psychedelics for treating psychiatric and behavioral disorders and the scientific, legal, and policy challenges that must be met to realize this potential.", "journal": "Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior", "publication_date": "2025-10-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pbb.2025.174087", "pubmed_id": "40849009", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40849009/", "keywords": "Drug law, Drug policy, Medical ethics, Psilocybin, Psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40849009\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 449, "title": "Reporting of side-effects in clinical trials of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric conditions: systematic review", "normalized_title": "reporting of side effects in clinical trials of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric conditions systematic review", "authors": "Jonathon Marinis, Sarah Clarke, Alexandre A. Guerin, Adam J. Guastella, Gillinder Bedi", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has gained attention as a promising intervention for conditions including depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, but understanding of its side-effects is limited. This review evaluates the quality of side-effects reporting in PAP trials, to guide treatment, policy and research. AIMS: To assess side-effects reporting quality in PAP trials for psychiatric conditions, comparing published articles and ClinicalTrials.gov records. METHOD: A PROSPERO-registered review (no. CRD42023458960) included English-language PAP trials (2005-2024) identified via Embase, CENTRAL, PubMed and reference searches. Reporting quality was assessed using the CONSORT Harms extension, categorised as either high (17-21), moderate (12-16), low (7-11) or very low (0-6). Randomised controlled trials underwent risk of bias analysis, and descriptive statistics compared side-effects across sources. RESULTS: = 9) showed high risk of bias for side-effects outcomes. Variability in reporting hindered comparisons between articles and ClinicalTrials.gov, underscoring the need for standardisation. Overall, there was no evidence of systematic underreporting of side-effects in published articles compared with trial registers. CONCLUSIONS: Side-effects reporting in PAP trials is inconsistent but is improving over time. Existing evidence has a high risk of bias. Future trials should align with best-practice guidelines for side-effects reporting. Discussions with patients should prioritise findings from high-quality studies and emphasise the current uncertainty regarding PAP side-effects.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2025-10-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2025.10847", "pubmed_id": "41178084", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10847", "keywords": "Clinical trial, Medicine, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Psychotherapist, Systematic review, Psychology, Alternative medicine, Drug trial, Clinical Practice, Research design, Clinical psychology, Mental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415782096\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415782096\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1747918244\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986360186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2263572070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090435879\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213300280\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297252613\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366974898\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367054142\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384665053\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385173317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387115576\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387674199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387902564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388014221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393359395\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395034174\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093590789\",\"display_name\":\"Jonathon Marinis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8487-4152\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101504134\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Clarke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1908-1405\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041548475\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandre A. Guerin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3833-3620\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014867110\",\"display_name\":\"Adam J. Guastella\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-4625\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036812133\",\"display_name\":\"Gillinder Bedi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6718-0099\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10847\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415782096" }, { "id": 466, "title": "Psychedelics and ketamine/esketamine in depressive disorders: biological mechanisms and associated neuroimaging and clinical changes.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and ketamine esketamine in depressive disorders biological mechanisms and associated neuroimaging and clinical changes", "authors": "d'Andrea G, Chiappini S, Ciavoni L, Tucci R, Martino F, Semeraro FM, Di Battista D, Mosca A, Miuli A, Di Carlo F, Russo M, Di Petta G, Fornaro M, Pettorruso M, Sensi SL, Martinotti G.", "abstract": "BackgroundOver the past ten years, several psychedelic compounds, including tryptamines like lysergic acid diethylamide/LSD, psilocybin, ayahuasca, and dimethyltryptamine/DMT, have been tested in clinical trials for a range of psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety and depression. While these compounds are relatively available for treatment, ketamine and its S(+) enantiomer, esketamine, are increasingly used to manage treatment-resistant depression. The biological mechanisms set in motion by these compounds are still largely unexplored. Preliminary data indicate modulatory activity of distinct brain networks and selected neurotransmitter pathways (i.e., glutamate, serotonin).ObjectiveThis systematic review investigates functional changes in neural activity generated by these compounds (i.e., LSD, psilocybin, ayahuasca, and DMT or ketamine/esketamine) in depressive disorders. Studies involving different techniques (i.e. Positron Emission Tomography/PET, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/SPECT, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging/fMRI and MRI) were included.MethodA literature search was conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines of 2015. The search was performed using PubMed Web of Science and Scopus databases, taking into consideration publications up to March 2022, without any time restrictions.ResultsThe search produced a final set of 49 articles. Most were related to ketamine/esketamine (n = 44). A smaller number (n = 5) pertained to psychedelic tryptamines (one on ayahuasca and four on psilocybin). From the total of 49 studies, 9 were randomized-controlled trials, 25 were open-label studies, 4 were double-blind trials, 8 were observational studies, and 3 cross-over studies.ConclusionsPsylocibin seems to reset Default Mode Network (DMN) activity, thereby reducing depressive symptoms with long-term and sustainable antidepressant efficacy. Compared to psychedelics, ketamine exhibits a more specific action on networks involving prefrontal areas that act indirectly on the DMN. This effect may help explain ketamine's anti-anhedonic activity and its critical role in increasing cognitive control over emotional stimuli, thus reducing negative mood stages.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-025-03654-3", "pubmed_id": "41173871", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03654-3", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Neuroimaging, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41173871\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 306, "title": "Psilocybin use in bipolar disorder: A comprehensive review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin use in bipolar disorder a comprehensive review", "authors": "Do A, Cloutier L, Hébert-Tremblay L, Thauvin C.", "abstract": "IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and persistent mental disorder characterized by recurrent mood episodes, with BD depression accounting for most of the illness burden. Although the mainstay treatment of BD consists of pharmacotherapy with mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics, a large proportion of patients with BD depression do not respond to adequate trials of medications. In addition, these medications can be associated with multiple, often significant adverse effects, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic agents that are acceptable, effective and safe for patients.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive narrative review on the use of psilocybin in BD, with a focus on clinical outcomes.ResultsTwo small clinical trials show that psilocybin combined with psychotherapy was safe and effective for the treatment of BDII depression with large treatment effects. No serious adverse events, including treatment-emergent mania/hypomania or increased suicidality, were reported in both trials. However, other studies have raised concerns about the safety of psilocybin in BD patients, including the development or worsening of manic symptoms, sleep disruptions and anxiety. Overall, the majority of BD patients believe that psilocybin could benefit their mental health problems, but their experiences varied depending on several contextual factors, such as polysubstance use, psilocybin dose, solo versus social experiences and pre-psilocybin sleep deprivation.ConclusionDespite its promising potential, the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of BD depression remain unclear, and future research is essential to clarify its therapeutic value in BD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.120485", "pubmed_id": "41177271", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120485", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Bipolar Disorder, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41177271\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3566, "title": "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Mechanistic Study to Assess a Single Oral Dose of CYB003 in Participants With Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Moderate to Severe Anxiety", "normalized_title": "a randomized double blind placebo controlled mechanistic study to assess a single oral dose of cyb003 in participants with major depressive disorder mdd and moderate to severe anxiety", "authors": "Ohio State University", "abstract": "The goal of this study is to learn how psychedelics may help symptoms of depression and anxiety. Participants with major depressive disorder experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety will receive one dose of either a drug related to psilocybin or a placebo. Assessments include interviews, self-report questionnaires, EEG and fMRI to measure symptoms and brain function. Many patients with MDD do not respond or have an incomplete response to treatment with currently available antidepressants. The use of psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin) is being investigated as a new approach to improve depressive symptomatology, however their mechanism of action is still not well understood. Psilocin is the active metabolite of psilocybin responsible for the psychedelic effects of the parent compound. CYB003 is a synthetic, deuterated isotopomer of psilocin, being developed by Cybin for the treatment of MDD. The study will investigate the changes in brain activity, connectivity, and microstructural neuroplasticity assessed using electroencephalography (EEG)/electromyography (EMG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)/ diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) after administration of one oral dose of CYB003. Up to 40 participants will be enrolled and randomized into two groups: one receiving 16 mg of CYB003, and one group receiving placebo. Psychological support will be provided before, during and after the administration session. Assessments performed at Baseline and on Day 2 and Day 21 after administration will include EEG/EMG, MRI, clinician (MADRS, HAM-A, C-SSRS) scales and self-report questionnaires to assess depression and anxiety symptoms, cognitive testing, self-report questionnaires to evaluate the psychedelic effects of CYB003 administration, and blood draw of the Gsα-AC biomarker assay.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-10-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06820723", "keywords": "Depression, Anxiety, Major Depressive Disorder, CYB003, Placebo, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06820723\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 409, "title": "Psilocybin as a fast-acting and long-lasting antidepressant for adolescence: Proposing NeuroD1 as a biomarker of its long-term plasticity", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a fast acting and long lasting antidepressant for adolescence proposing neurod1 as a biomarker of its long term plasticity", "authors": "Rubén García-Cabrerizo, Itziar Beruete-Fresnillo, Pedro Bergas-Cladera, M. Julia García-Fuster", "abstract": "Adolescent depression is a significant public health concern, yet treatment options remain limited, particularly due to age- and sex-related differences in antidepressant efficacy. This study explored for the first time the potential antidepressant-like response of psilocybin in adolescence by examining acute, repeated and persistent effects in Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes, as measured under the stress of the forced-swim test. As compared to other studies, we relied on a more translational approach by administering psilocybin orally (oral gavage, o.g.), while elucidating its hallucinogenic-like potential through head-twitch responses. Finally, hippocampal neurogenesis markers were evaluated as potential biomarkers of psilocybin's antidepressant-like responses in adolescence (1- and 16-days post-treatment). The main results showed that: (1) acute psilocybin (1 mg/kg, 30 min) induced subjective hallucinogenic effects, as measured by head-twitch responses, independently of the route of administration (i.p. vs. o.g.), and without changing locomotor activity; (2) acute psilocybin (0.3 and 1 mg/kg, o.g., 30 min) exerted a rapid antidepressant-like response that coincided with the course of hallucinogenic-like responses; (3) repeated psilocybin (0.3 and 1 mg/kg, 7 days, 1 dose/day, o.g.) induced an antidepressant-like response while increased several hippocampal neurogenesis markers (Ki-67: cell proliferation, NeuroD1: neural progenitors and BrdU: cell survival) as measured 1-day post-treatment; and (4) the long-lasting antidepressant-like effects of psilocybin (observed up to 15-days post-treatment) paralleled hippocampal NeuroD1 regulation. Interestingly these effects were observed for rats independently of sex (mixed-sex cohort). To the best of our knowledge, these results are the first ones to underscore oral psilocybin's potential as a fast-acting and long-lasting antidepressant during adolescence, a developmental stage marked by high vulnerability to depression and reduced response to conventional treatments, while also proposing NeuroD1 as a putative biomarker of its long-term plasticity.", "journal": "Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy", "publication_date": "2025-10-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118720", "pubmed_id": "41172953", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118720", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Hippocampal formation, Neurogenesis, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Neuroplasticity, Medicine, Pharmacology, Biomarker, Hippocampus, Fluoxetine, Psychology, Depression (economics), Neural stem cell, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415713367\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415713367\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W962620320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013598219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017930909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023675343\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046956905\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071000148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076985921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079106221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170608366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2256972351\",\"https://openalex.org/W2487634804\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883970814\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884758318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902800460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973851299\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981686921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984445440\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039289011\",\"https://openalex.org/W3040720956\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043299460\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095003973\",\"https://openalex.org/W3097701450\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207016700\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220677776\",\"https://openalex.org/W4233435953\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281835196\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288447327\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296373810\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307747683\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311778131\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386209201\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387259638\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388101613\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389793820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390755783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391480382\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396229906\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399276098\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400335852\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401696781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405176107\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405599349\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405746281\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406062303\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406097304\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410200405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410718370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411302754\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412489091\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412930605\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008175255\",\"display_name\":\"Rubén García-Cabrerizo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115635340\",\"display_name\":\"Itziar Beruete-Fresnillo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1602-3908\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120194430\",\"display_name\":\"Pedro Bergas-Cladera\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081605010\",\"display_name\":\"M. Julia García-Fuster\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-3775\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S15111687\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118720\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Observational Study,Adolescents,Toxicity", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415713367" }, { "id": 3597, "title": "A Wellcome Leap for the Opioid Crisis: Can the 5HT2A Agonist Psilocybin Improve Brain, Behavioral, and Clinical Outcomes in Opioid Use Disorder (OUD)?", "normalized_title": "a wellcome leap for the opioid crisis can the 5ht2a agonist psilocybin improve brain behavioral and clinical outcomes in opioid use disorder oud", "authors": "Anna Rose Childress, Ph.D.", "abstract": "Investigators will recruit 36 individuals on MAT for OUD for a double-blind, placebo-controlled design to determine whether PEX010 (25-mg/d) shows preliminary efficacy on neural correlates of neurocognition and on clinical outcomes. Participants will be randomized to either (single dose) 25-mg (PEX010-25 group) or 1-mg (PPEX010-1 group) PEX010 in a 2:1 ratio. Brain and behavioral testing sessions will precede Psilocybin (PSI) dosing day by 24-48 hours and will follow PSI dosing by 1 week. After an initial 6 phases, participants will come into the lab to submit a urine screen 2x/week and to complete a short survey in order to collect data on drug use, MAT adherence, and mental health symptoms. The investigators hypothesize the PEX010-25 (vs. PEX010-1) group will have better clinical outcomes (e.g., lower average percent positive urine drug screens, more late relapses, higher MAT adherence). There are research follow ups every three months out to one year post dose. The Opioid Crisis: Currently in its third wave, the opioid epidemic involves the prevalence of lethal levels of fentanyl in drugs, leading to a surge in opioid-related deaths. Reports indicate a record-breaking number of over 107,000 drug-related overdose deaths in 2021-2022, with opioids contributing to more than 75% of these fatalities. Beyond fatal overdoses, nearly 1 million non-fatal overdoses occurred in 2017, carrying significant, long-lasting consequences. Those who experience non-fatal overdoses are more prone to subsequent overdoses and have a higher likelihood of death within a year, primarily due to drug-related issues. The escalating cases of opioid use disorder (OUD) emphasize the critical need for innovative treatments to address the associated challenges, including neurocognitive difficulties and poor clinical outcomes. While medication-assisted treatment (MAT) like methadone or buprenorphine effectively alleviates withdrawal symptoms and reduces overdose risk, illicit drug use persists, and non-adherence to MAT remains a challenge. The opioid overdose crisis demands urgent attention and necessitates the development of treatments capable of making a significant impact. Psilocybin: In response to the need for improved treatments, there's a growing interest in psychedelic-assisted treatment (PAT), particularly involving psilocybin (PSI). Clinical trials support the use of PAT in controlled medical contexts, with 105 trials registered in the past 20 years covering various mental health and other conditions. PSI (at single doses in the proposed range) has shown preliminary promise for depression, alcohol use disorder, and tobacco-use disorder. However, its potential benefits for OUD remain unknown. This proposal aims to determine whether PSI enhances critical OUD clinical outcomes, such as relapse, overdose, and MAT adherence. Importantly, the investigators will test how PSI produces its benefits through its impact on brain and bio-behavioral targets, thus linking potential biomarkers to clinical outcomes. Cognitive Flexibility: The ability to change thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in response to changes in circumstance (to \"flex\") has strong survival value. When the brain cannot \"flex\", one can experience a range of mishaps, from small (turning left rather than right 'out of habit') to much larger ones. Being 'stuck' is a problem that appears in many disorders. For example, individuals with depression may get 'stuck' in dark ruminating thoughts; individuals with OCD may get 'stuck' in repetitive thoughts and behaviors; people with substance use disorders get 'stuck' over-responding to drug reward signals and pursue the drug despite negative consequences. Recent research shows that PSI facilitates intermediate and long-term improvements in cognitive flexibility, raising the hope that it can 're-set' the brain and enable new thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Cognitive flexibility is often measured by tasks that quantify how successfully one can shift between changing mental rules to complete a task. Using such tasks, there is evidence of cognitive flexibility deficits in people with OUD, but research has not specifically examined the impact of improved cognitive flexibility on OUD clinical outcomes. To date, one study showed that neurocognitive training in executive function (EF), including cognitive flexibility, is associated with reduced opioid use, while a non-OUD study found that higher baseline cognitive flexibility was related to better substance use treatment retention. This proposal will be the first to test whether putative PSI-related improvements in cognitive flexibility will lead to more favorable OUD clinical outcomes. Other Executive Functions: Importantly, cognitive flexibility is a complex capability that depends on the integrated action of several other basic executive functions (EFs): attention, working memory, and inhibition of thoughts, feelings, or actions. Further, each of these basic EFs, together with cognitive flexibility, are needed for effective and efficient planning and decision-making. Individuals who use drugs demonstrate impairment in a variety of these fundamental EFs. In OUD populations, deficits are evident across most EF domains, including working memory, attention, inhibition, and decision-making, which may relate to or underly their cognitive inflexibility. Studies have found that performance on EF tasks (and the neural underpinnings of EF in the prefrontal cortex \\[PFC\\]) indeed correlate with clinical outcomes such as treatment non-adherence (e.g., working memory) and drug use/relapse (e.g., poor inhibition) in substance-use disorders generally, and with reduced abstinence in OUD. Whether these multiple EF deficits predate, or even predispose, drug use - they are likely compounded by drug exposure, including non-fatal opioid overdoses that produce hypoxic-related brain injuries, leading to further neurocognitive deficits. In sum, there is good preliminary evidence for deficits in the several component EFs underlying cognitive flexibility in OUD. By measuring these separately, the current proposal will be able to determine which of these targets are most impacted by PSI, and their relative importance for outcome prediction. What's \"special\" about psilocybin? PSI has likely been in use by humans for millennia, originally as a religious or spiritual agent due to its dramatic subjective effects, including hallucinations and mystical experiences. However, scientists have more recently understood that some of the effects - such as increased sense of connectedness, openness, and change in perspective - can produce long-lasting change and improved mental health. Indeed, psychometric instruments capturing non-ordinary states of consciousness and psychological constructs have reliably predicted clinical treatment outcomes, including substance use disorder outcomes. Some theorists have proposed that these dramatic drug effects may reflect a profound initial 'loosening' of top-down control over limbic and sensory regions, resulting in improved flexibility and adaptive behavior. Though the current proposal will not be able to test all features of this hypothesis, the investigators will capture the special acute phenomenology of the drug state and test for the fundamental feature of flexibility. Further, the investigators will determine the relative role of the basic EF components of flexibility and test the importance of all these factors (alone and in combination) for obtaining clinical benefit from the drug. This study will provide a critical foundation for understanding the potential of 5HT2A agonists in OUD, with treatment implications for several other disorders where cognitive inflexibility, 'getting stuck', is a core feature.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-10-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06786325", "keywords": "Opioid Use Disorder, Psilocybin, PEX010, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06786325\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Biomarkers,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4259, "title": "Psilocybin's effects on obsessive-compulsive behaviors: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s effects on obsessive compulsive behaviors a systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence", "authors": "James J Gattuso, Bilgenur Bezcioglu, Carey Wilson, Kato Havaux, Anthony J. Hannan, Thibault Renoir", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic with growing evidence for efficacy in mood disorders, and its therapeutic potential in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related conditions is increasingly recognised but remains understudied. We systematically evaluated clinical and preclinical evidence on psilocybin's effects on obsessive and compulsive behaviours with attention to translational relevance. A systematic search identified 13 eligible studies (4 clinical trials and 9 preclinical investigations examining psilocybin or psilocin on obsessive-compulsive symptoms or behaviours), and reporting followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In clinical studies, single doses of psilocybin led to rapid reductions in obsessive-compulsive symptoms, including in patients with OCD and body dysmorphic disorder. In wild-type mice, psilocybin acutely decreased marble-burying behaviour, although this effect was transient and not observed beyond the first day after administration. In contrast, in SAPAP3 knockout mice-a validated genetic model of compulsive behaviour-a single administration of psilocybin produced robust, enduring reductions in excessive grooming, and these lasting anti-compulsive effects were replicated across independent laboratories and doses. Additionally, chronic hallucinogenic doses of psilocybin did not improve anxiety-like or compulsive-like behaviour in SAPAP3 knockout mice; however, a separate study in Long-Evans rats found that chronic sub-hallucinogenic psilocybin reduced self-grooming and enhanced expression of synaptic markers in the paraventricular thalamus. Together, the evidence suggests that psilocybin transiently reduces obsessive-compulsive symptoms in clinical populations and produces lasting anti-compulsive effects in validated animal models. Future clinical studies should include larger placebo-controlled trials and incorporate neuroimaging to assess psilocybin's impact on fronto-striatal circuitry implicated in OCD pathophysiology.", "journal": "Psychedelics.", "publication_date": "2025-10-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.61373/pp025i.0044", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.61373/pp025i.0044", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Serotonergic, Medicine, Clinical trial, Mood, Dosing, Neuroimaging, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Obsessive compulsive, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Preclinical research, Human studies, Clinical psychology, Neuroscience, Animal studies, Anxiety, Riluzole, Systematic review, MEDLINE, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Cognition, Anhedonia, Clinical significance, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", 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J Gattuso\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-8728\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119340227\",\"display_name\":\"Bilgenur Bezcioglu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5736-1241\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019635231\",\"display_name\":\"Carey Wilson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2222-9714\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120159892\",\"display_name\":\"Kato Havaux\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052976583\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony J. Hannan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-8922\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006545419\",\"display_name\":\"Thibault Renoir\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9262-3971\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404675698\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelics.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.61373/pp025i.0044\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415615338" }, { "id": 391, "title": "Adverse event reporting and management in psilocybin therapy clinical trials: A systematic review to guide clinical and research protocol development.", "normalized_title": "adverse event reporting and management in psilocybin therapy clinical trials a systematic review to guide clinical and research protocol development", "authors": "Bukovsky D, Amaev A, Song J, Kyte S, Carmona-Torres E, Ueno F, Deluca V, Strafella AP, Husain MI, Graff-Guerrero A, Gerretsen P.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a psychedelic prodrug, has gained renewed interest for its potential to treat various psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. While promising, concerns remain regarding its safety profile and the management of potential adverse events (AEs). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the incidence, nature, and severity of adverse events and serious adverse events (SAEs) associated with psilocybin use across diverse clinical populations. A comprehensive search was conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, and APA PsycInfo via the OVID platform, from database inception to June 5, 2024. A total of 42 clinical studies (N = 1068 participants) met inclusion criteria, all of which reported on AEs and/or SAEs following psilocybin administration. All studies were deemed to have a high risk of bias due to concerns regarding blinding. We synthesized information on common, uncommon, and SAEs, instances of suicidal ideation, methods of measuring AEs, and AEs requiring medical intervention. Reported AEs included headache, transient increases in blood pressure, and nausea, which typically resolved on their own. In rare instances, medical intervention was required. SAEs were reported infrequently in 2 of 42 studies and were limited to participants with underlying depressive disorders (e.g., suicidal behaviour, hospitalization). Overall, psilocybin appears to have a favourable safety profile when administered in controlled settings. Based on our findings, we provide an outline of commonly reported AEs, uncommon AEs, SAEs, and considerations for future clinical and research protocols.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111541", "pubmed_id": "41138900", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111541", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Research Design, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41138900\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4262, "title": "Is there more to magic mushrooms than psilocybin?", "normalized_title": "is there more to magic mushrooms than psilocybin", "authors": "special to C EN Mara Johnson-Groh", "abstract": "In a suburb of Vancouver, Canada, a nondescript three-story building sits alongside a strip of parking lots. From the outside, it looks like an ordinary commercial office space. But inside is something more extraordinary: rows of shelves stacked with plastic tubs full of magic mushrooms-mushrooms that contain the hallucinogenic chemical psilocybin. In a year, enough psychedelic mushrooms can be produced here to send 80,000 people on hallucinogenic trips.Psilocybin is a regulated, illicit substance in most countries, including Canada. But in this facility, run by Filament Health, the mushrooms are not grown for the black market; they are destined for research and clinical trials. These mushrooms could help determine if something important has been missing from psychedelics research.Psilocybin is a psychedelic compound that, once broken down by the body into psilocin, activates receptors in the brain to unleash a mind-altering experience. After decades of stigmatization, research on psychedelics is finally having a heyday. The research on psilocybin is unveiling its potential to treat challenging mental health conditions like depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and stimulant- and opioid-use disorders.To date, most scientific research on psilocybin has been done with synthetic versions of the compound, not psilocybin from magic mushrooms themselves. Psilocybin was first synthesized in 1958 and synthetic psilocybin has remained the gold standard for testing due to its consistency and cheap production. But a small group of scientists posit that the magic of these mushrooms is more than their psilocybin alone. Over a dozen different compounds have been identified in magic", "journal": "C&EN Global Enterprise", "publication_date": "2025-10-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/cen-10322-feature2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-10322-feature2", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MAGIC (telescope), Hallucinogen, Psychology, Art, Magic bullet, Psychoanalysis, Art history, Lysergic acid diethylamide, The Imaginary, Aesthetics, Criminology, Fetishism, Dozen, Shamanism, Addiction, Wonder, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416285937\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416285937\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116407489\",\"display_name\":\"special to C EN Mara Johnson-Groh\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210177211\",\"source_display_name\":\"C&EN Global Enterprise\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-10322-feature2\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416285937" }, { "id": 473, "title": "Biological markers of treatment response to serotonergic psychedelic therapies: a systematic review.", "normalized_title": "biological markers of treatment response to serotonergic psychedelic therapies a systematic review", "authors": "Wong S, Jones BDM, Thiyagarajah MT, Sabbah SG, Thompson C, Solmi M, Umer M, Zrenner C, Voineskos D, Rosenblat JD, Mulsant BH, Blumberger DM, Husain MI.", "abstract": "BackgroundResults from contemporary clinical trials of serotonergic psychedelic therapies have led to an increasing focus on their potential clinical use across mental disorders. However, studies examining mechanisms of clinical response to psychedelic therapy in psychiatric populations are limited. This review aimed to synthesize evidence from studies examining biomarkers of clinical response to psychedelic therapies.Data sources and methodsA systematic search of four databases (MedLine, PsycInfo, EMBASE, and Web of Science) for studies investigating treatment response to psychedelic therapies in psychiatric populations that included both clinical outcomes and a related biomarker was conducted on January 10, 2024. Studies were included if they reported on prospective clinical trials involving the use of a psychedelic in participants diagnosed with any Diagnostic and Statistical Manual or International Classification of Diseases mental disorder, where a biological marker was measured and evaluated in association with treatment response.ResultsNine studies investigating the effects of Ayahuasca and psilocybin in major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression were included in this review. Several potential biomarkers of response were explored through neuroimaging and blood samples, with significant associations found for serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, serum C-reactive protein, cerebral activation of the amygdala, and functional connectivity between regions such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex.ConclusionResults of small studies suggest associations between several putative biomarkers and treatment response to psychedelic therapies. Future trials of psychedelic therapies should integrate biomarker assessment in longitudinal designs to advance the understanding of their mechanism of action in mental disorders.Trial registrationThis study protocol was registered to PROSPERO under the number CRD42021291171.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/20451253251384513", "pubmed_id": "41122434", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253251384513", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41122434\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3057, "title": "Psilocybin exerts differential effects on social behaviour and inflammation in mice in contexts of activity-based anorexia (ABA)", "normalized_title": "psilocybin exerts differential effects on social behaviour and inflammation in mice in contexts of activity based anorexia aba", "authors": "Shadani S, Greaves E, Andrews ZB, Foldi CJ.", "abstract": "Psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, have shown therapeutic potential across several psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anorexia nervosa (AN). These disorders often share social deficits that may be effectively alleviated by psychedelics considering their use has been linked with emotional empathy and enhanced social cognition. However, the mechanisms through which psychedelics alter social behaviour are unclear, and mechanistic studies in animal models have largely focused on male subjects. This is problematic for understanding the therapeutic effects relevant for disorders that predominantly affect females, such as AN. Here, we used the activity-based anorexia (ABA) mouse model to examine the effects of a single psilocybin dose on social behaviour in female mice and compared outcomes to mice exposed to food restriction (FR), exercise (RW) or standard housing (Controls). Together with these metabolic stressors, we also investigated the effects of psilocybin on the circulating proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is implicated in AN and is suppressed by psychedelics. Psilocybin did not alter sociability in ABA, RW, or FR mice but increased preference for familiarity in Controls. Novelty-seeking behaviour was elevated in both ABA and RW groups, although with distinct social patterns. Psilocybin elevated IL-6 levels in RW mice, which was positively correlated with preference for novelty. No such relationships were found in ABA or FR groups. These findings reveal subtle, context-dependent effects of psilocybin on social behaviour and inflammation in female mice, highlighting the need to clarify its temporal, neuroplastic, and immune-related mechanisms across sexes and disease models.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-10-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.10.14.682467", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.14.682467", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1102183\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Animal Study,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3590, "title": "Psilocybin and Affective Function in Chronic Lower Back Pain Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and affective function in chronic lower back pain depression", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This study seeks to provide insight on psilocybin's effects on mechanisms of chronic pain among patients with co-morbid chronic low back pain and depression (CLBP+D). Participants will receive either a single high-dose of psilocybin (25mg absolute dose) or methylphenidate (40mg absolute dose). Participants will be asked to complete assessments of pain, depressive symptoms, and more general questionnaires regarding the participants experiences during the experimental sessions and the associated enduring effects. This study will investigate the effects of a single experimental psilocybin (25 mg fixed dose) administration compared to a dose of methylphenidate (40 mg fixed dose). Assessments will be conducted during screening visits, before and after the drug session, at follow up visits up to 1-month after the drug session, as well as periodically throughout study participation via a multi-time-per-day survey application. Forty participants will complete all study visits including follow-up visits. Primary objectives: 1. Investigate the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of psilocybin for CLBP+D2. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on self-report of positive affect, negative affect, and pain catastrophizing 3. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on a behavioral task called positive affective pain inhibition Secondary objectives: 1. Investigate the durability (1-month follow-up) effects of psilocybin on self-report of positive affect, negative affect, and pain catastrophizing 2. Investigate the effect of psilocybin on dynamic associations between affective measures, pain, and function on a moment-to-moment basis.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-10-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06355414", "keywords": "Chronic Low-back Pain, Depression, Psilocybin, Methylphenidate, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06355414\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 450, "title": "Set and setting in psilocybin-assisted therapy: A qualitative study of patients with cancer and depression", "normalized_title": "set and setting in psilocybin assisted therapy a qualitative study of patients with cancer and depression", "authors": "Yvan Beaussant, Elise C. Tarbi, Kabir Nigam, Skye A. Miner, Zachary Sager, Justin J. Sanders, Michael Ljuslin, Benjamin Guérin, Roxanne Sholevar, Kimberly Roddy, James A. Tulsky, Manish Agrawal", "abstract": "", "journal": "General Hospital Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-10-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.10.010", "pubmed_id": "41109203", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.10.010", "keywords": "Qualitative research, Depression (economics), Set (abstract data type), Cancer, Medicine, Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Clinical psychology, Qualitative analysis, Health care, Psychology, Primary care, Patient care, Psychotherapist, Family medicine, Gerontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415081303\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415081303\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1513859721\",\"https://openalex.org/W1752708916\",\"https://openalex.org/W1796582759\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068374682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159165123\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330686105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474274656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582406074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767725891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903884088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013947271\",\"https://openalex.org/W3028009423\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029961383\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085274948\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210932781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223594531\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251765303\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291227674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376618830\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380681280\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387215851\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484761\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485012\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485036\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390495773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406325134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408241032\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063328366\",\"display_name\":\"Yvan Beaussant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-6736\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017118759\",\"display_name\":\"Elise C. Tarbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-6632\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053570913\",\"display_name\":\"Kabir Nigam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-0079\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076256339\",\"display_name\":\"Skye A. Miner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-2440\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064982845\",\"display_name\":\"Zachary Sager\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-9582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063712330\",\"display_name\":\"Justin J. Sanders\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8928-4051\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071091088\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Ljuslin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-1749\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052182950\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Guérin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-7874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020110017\",\"display_name\":\"Roxanne Sholevar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1775-3101\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093431923\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Roddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014360467\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Tulsky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0453\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083533154\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-0582\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S45708651\",\"source_display_name\":\"General Hospital Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.10.010\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Toxicity", "study_type": "Qualitative Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415081303" }, { "id": 4271, "title": "Control group improvement lower in psilocybin trials for depression", "normalized_title": "control group improvement lower in psilocybin trials for depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "A meta-analysis comprising 17 randomized trials has found that rates of control group improvement in depression studies were lower in psilocybin trials than in studies of esketamine or a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The results suggest that psilocybin's overall efficacy in the treatment of depression might be overestimated.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2025-10-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31371", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31371", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Serotonin, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Reuptake inhibitor, Anesthesia, Treatment-resistant depression, Clinical efficacy, Treatment and control groups, Hallucinogen, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415055785\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415055785\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31371\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415055785" }, { "id": 325, "title": "Corrigendum to \"The role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression\" [Journal of Affective Disorders, Volume 372 (2025), Pages 523-532].", "normalized_title": "corrigendum to the role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment resistant depression journal of affective disorders volume 372 2025 pages 523 532", "authors": "Goodwin GM, Aaronson ST, Alvarez O, Carhart-Harris R, Chai-Rees J, Croal M, DeBattista C, Dunlop BW, Feifel D, Hellerstein DJ, Husain MI, Kelly JR, Kirlic N, Licht RW, Marwood L, Meyer TD, Mistry S, Nowakowska A, Páleníček T, Repantis D, Schoevers RA, Simmons H, Somers M, Teoh E, Tsai J, Wahba M, Williams S, Young AH, Young MB, Zisook S, Malievskaia E.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.120352", "pubmed_id": "41075579", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120352", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41075579\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 429, "title": "Synaptic priming: A framework for pharmacotherapy in depression.", "normalized_title": "synaptic priming a framework for pharmacotherapy in depression", "authors": "Brown KA, Ajibola MI, Medeiros GC, Gould TD.", "abstract": "Recent antidepressant drug development focuses on a next generation of drugs to rapidly relieve symptoms. Yet, how ketamine, the prototype rapid-acting antidepressant, maintains symptom relief days after drug elimination, and how repeated doses sustain longer-lasting therapeutic effects, remains unclear. Derived from elements of metaplasticity (synaptic priming), this review discusses a framework in which rapid-acting antidepressants prime synapses such that subsequent doses evoke stronger plasticity. Within this framework, we describe how the indirect relationship between ketamine's pharmacokinetics and sustained antidepressant pharmacodynamics reveals a dosing model (primer pharmacology) that can be harnessed to fine-tune therapeutic outcomes. This review also explores how plasticity machinery engaged by antidepressant pharmacotherapies overlaps with priming induced by contextual conditions relevant to depression (e.g., stress and psychotherapy), suggesting innovative opportunities for treatment strategies with emerging primers (e.g., psychedelics such as psilocybin). The integration of synaptic priming with primer pharmacology reveals a model to guide clinical and translational work in psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-10-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuron.2025.09.010", "pubmed_id": "41067229", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2025.09.010", "keywords": "Synapses, Animals, Humans, Ketamine, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Neuronal Plasticity", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41067229\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3575, "title": "Efficacy of Psilocybin and Trazodone Combination in Treatment-resistant Depression: a Randomized Controlled Proof-of-concept Study (PSILOTRAZ)", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin and trazodone combination in treatment resistant depression a randomized controlled proof of concept study psilotraz", "authors": "Centre Hospitalier St Anne", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonin receptor agonist in the brain, significantly and quickly improves depressive symptoms while inducing profound acute subjective effects. The benefit-risk ratio of psilocybin in treatment-resistant depression seems favorable, but needs to be confirmed. Moreover, the role of 5-HT2A receptors, involved in the psychedelic experience, on the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin is still poorly understood. For example, pre-administration of trazodone, a 5-HT2A antagonist antidepressant, could annihilate the acute subjective effects of psilocybin without altering its beneficial effects (Rosenblat et al., 2023). We intend to test this hypothesis by comparing, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the effect of two possible doses of trazodone (total or partial occupancy of 5-HT2A receptors) on the benefit/risk ratio of psilocybin. We hypothesize that the therapeutic effects of psilocybin are partially independent of 5-HT2A receptor activation and thus persist even after total or partial neutralization of its acute subjective effects. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a frequent and potentially severe psychiatric disorder characterized by specific neurocognitive impairments. It has previously been demonstrated that psilocybin, a serotonin receptor agonist in the brain, significantly and quickly improved depressive symptoms while inducing profound acute subjective effects. The benefit-risk ratio of psilocybin in TRD seems favorable, but needs to be confirmed. Moreover, the role of 5-HT2A receptors, involved in the psychedelic experience, on the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin is still poorly understood. For example, pre-administration of trazodone, a 5-HT2A antagonist antidepressant, could annihilate the acute subjective effects of psilocybin without altering its beneficial effects (Rosenblat et al., 2023). We intend to test this hypothesis in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II, monocentric, 4 parallel-group proof-of-concept study involving 112 adult subjects with a depressive episode who had failed to respond to at least two lines of antidepressant treatment. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to one of the following treatment groups: * Group 1: Psilocybin PEX010 (25 mg) + trazodone placebo (pharmaceutical master preparation prepared according to GPP) * Group 2: Psilocybin PEX010 (25 mg) + trazodone 5 mg * Group 3: Psilocybin PEX010 (25 mg) + trazodone 30 mg * Group 4: PCB2 (Placebo of PEX010 (25)) + trazodone 30 mg Stratification factors: gender (M/F).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-10-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07210112", "keywords": "Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, Treatment-resistant Depression (TRD), Psilocybin 25 mg per os, Trazodone 5mg, Trazodone 30 mg, Placebo of psilocybin, Placebo of trazodone, NOT_YET_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07210112\",\"overall_status\":\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3065, "title": "Towards Novel Antidepressant Strategies: A Comparative Study of Ketamine, Psilocybin, and Fluoxetine in a Chronic Stress Model", "normalized_title": "towards novel antidepressant strategies a comparative study of ketamine psilocybin and fluoxetine in a chronic stress model", "authors": "Domzalska M, Kwiatkowska J, Cichon I, Sokolowska E.", "abstract": "Abstract Depression is a debilitating mental disorder affecting millions worldwide, yet current pharmacological treatments, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), often exhibit delayed onset and limited efficacy. The chronic social defeat (CSD) stress model in mice is a well-established preclinical paradigm for inducing depression-like behaviors and evaluating antidepressants effectiveness. This study compared the efficacy of both acute and chronic fluoxetine with acute ketamine and psilocybin treatment in male C57BL/6J mice subjected to CSD. Fluoxetine showed no significant effects 24 hours after a single dose or following 7 days of repeated administration; antidepressant-like effects only appeared after 14 days of continuous treatment. In contrast, a single dose of either ketamine or psilocybin significantly reversed social avoidance behavior at 24 hours, with sustained effects observed at 7- and 14-days post-treatment. These findings suggest that ketamine and psilocybin elicit rapid and durable, antidepressant-like responses in this preclinical model, in contrast to traditional SSRIs, like fluoxetine, which requires extended treatment duration, mirroring clinical efficacy patterns. The results support the utility of the CSD model in evaluating antidepressant efficacy and highlight the therapeutic potential of fast-acting agents such as ketamine and psilocybin as alternatives to conventional treatments for major depressive disorder.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2025-10-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-7269356/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7269356/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1096443\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4275, "title": "Neurobiological and Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin in Psychiatric Disorders", "normalized_title": "neurobiological and therapeutic potential of psilocybin in psychiatric disorders", "authors": "M Loganathan, A Saravanakumar, P. Parthiban, G Anandharaj, S Gobika, D Dharshana, Mohamed Safir Ali", "abstract": "Psilocybin, an indoleamine alkaloid derived from various fungal species, is the subject of renewed, rigorous investigation for its therapeutic potential in psychiatry. This compound, a prodrug for the active metabolite psilocin, functions primarily as a partial agonist at the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor. Its administration within a structured psychotherapeutic context is associated with rapid and sustained antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, particularly in populations with treatment-resistant depression and existential distress related to life-threatening illnesses. The neurobiological mechanisms are multifaceted, initiated by acute 5-HT2A-mediated disruption of key brain networks, most importantly the Default Mode Network (DMN). This network destabilization correlates with subjective experiences of ego dissolution and is hypothesized to create a state of elevated brain entropy. This acute phase is followed by a period of enhanced neuroplasticity, driven by downstream signaling pathways involving BDNF and mTOR, which promotes synaptogenesis and dendritic spine growth in cortical neurons. This \"window of plasticity\" may facilitate the unlearning of maladaptive cognitive patterns and the formation of new, adaptive associations. Clinical trials demonstrate significant efficacy, though psychological risks necessitate careful screening, preparation, and a supportive therapeutic environment. The translation of psilocybin-assisted therapy from research to clinical practice presents challenges related to protocol optimization, clinician training, and scalability", "journal": "Journal of Pharma Insights and Research.", "publication_date": "2025-10-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.69613/thv1dn30", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.69613/thv1dn30", "keywords": "Context (archaeology), Antidepressant, Neurocognitive, Psychology, Default mode network, Cognition, Psilocybin, Anxiolytic, Medicine, Depression (economics), Neuroscience, Neuroplasticity, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Partial agonist, Psychotherapist, Disengagement theory, Mediator, Pharmacology, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Agonist, Distress, Sedative, Monoaminergic, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:38", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416779935\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4416779935\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112984043\",\"display_name\":\"M Loganathan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120707612\",\"display_name\":\"A Saravanakumar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101528304\",\"display_name\":\"P. Parthiban\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115659770\",\"display_name\":\"G Anandharaj\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120707613\",\"display_name\":\"S Gobika\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5120569896\",\"display_name\":\"D Dharshana\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Mohamed Safir Ali\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404664124\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Pharma Insights and Research.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.69613/thv1dn30\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4416779935" }, { "id": 3677, "title": "Retrospective Observational Study of Intensity Effects in Psychedelic-assisted Treatment", "normalized_title": "retrospective observational study of intensity effects in psychedelic assisted treatment", "authors": "University Hospital, Geneva", "abstract": "This retrospective observational study examines the effects of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) or psilocybin in patients with treatment-resistant depressive, anxiety, or addictive disorders. Data will be analyzed from patients treated at the University Hospitals of Geneva between June 2020 and April 2025 who obtained individual authorizations from the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health for use of LSD or psilocybin under compassionate use criteria. The main objective is to assess the effects of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy with LSD or psilocybin on changes in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms. Secondary objectives include evaluating the association between psychedelic session intensity and the administered dose of LSD or psilocybin, changes in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and problematic substance use, as well as their association with intensity effects. Additionally physiological effects during session will be assessed. All data are retrospectively collected from clinical records with prior patient consent. This study aims to generate evidence on the feasibility, safety, and therapeutic potential of PAP in real-world clinical practice. The overall project is a retrospective observational study evaluating the effects of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) with LSD or psilocybin in treatment-resistant depressive, anxiety, and addictive disorders. Data from 200 patients treated at Geneva University Hospitals will be included, with the primary aim of assessing relationships between psychedelic dose, subjective intensity of experience, and clinical outcomes. Subset Analysis: Cardiovascular Outcomes In addition to the main objectives, a subset analysis will be conducted to evaluate cardiovascular effects of LSD and psilocybin. Routinely collected data from 30 patients with treatment-resistant depression or anxiety disorders will be included. Population: 30 patients who underwent their first psychedelic session (LSD100-200 µg or psilocybin 15-25 mg). Measurements: Heart rate and self-rated anxiety (visual analogue scale) recorded at seven time points between 30 and 300 minutes post-administration on the treatment day. A further subset analysis investigated the role of early maladaptive schemas (EMS) in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. Populations: 192 patients who routinely completed the Young Schema Questionnaire - Rasch version (YSQ-R) before treatment were included; of these, 97 initiated PAP with LSD or psilocybin and 74 contributed longitudinal outcomes. Measurements: Baseline EMS profiles (YSQ-R) measured at Baseline (screening or preparation visit, before first psychedelic session), immediately after each psychedelic session (sessions 1-3, up to 9 months) and 1 month after each psychedelic session (sessions 1-3, up to 12 months after baseline).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-10-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07164287", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Anxiety Disorders, Substance Use Disorder (SUD), PTSD - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) or psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07164287\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 454, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin rapidly and sustainably relieves allodynia and anxiodepressive-like behaviors in mouse models of chronic pain", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin rapidly and sustainably relieves allodynia and anxiodepressive like behaviors in mouse models of chronic pain", "authors": "Ahmad Hammo, Stephen Wisser, Joseph Cichon", "abstract": "Chronic pain and mood disorders co-occur, exacerbate one another and share neurobiological mechanisms, but whether a single intervention could promptly alleviate both conditions remains unclear. Here, in two chronic pain models, we show that a single dose of psilocybin induces a rapid and sustained reversal of both mechanical allodynia and anxiodepression-like states in adult male and female mice. Using local psilocin injections, the key active metabolite of psilocybin, we show that the engagement of prefrontal cortical circuits is critical for the concurrent alleviation of both conditions. Two-photon calcium imaging reveals that psilocin rapidly normalizes chronic pain-associated hyperactivity in anterior cingulate cortex layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons. Pharmacologic manipulations with full agonists of 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors replicated some, but not all, of psilocin’s cellular and behavioral effects, suggesting that psilocin’s actions arise from partial agonism at these receptors within shared circuits governing pain and mood processing. Hammo et al. show that a single dose of psilocybin rapidly and sustainably relieves both chronic pain and anxiodepressive-like behaviors in mice by restoring prefrontal activity through partial agonism at 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors.", "journal": "Nature Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2025-10-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41593-025-02068-0", "pubmed_id": "41039182", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-025-02068-0", "keywords": "Chronic pain, Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Anterior cingulate cortex, Allodynia, Mood, Prefrontal cortex, Medicine, Psychology, Hyperalgesia, Glutamate receptor, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, NMDA receptor, Receptor, Cingulate cortex, Mood disorders, Psychopharmacology, Serotonin, Pharmacology, Dopamine, Anesthesia, Default mode network, Nociception, Neurotransmitter, Mediator, Anhedonia, Cortex (anatomy), Neurology, Neurochemical, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Pain Mechanisms and Treatments", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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Hammo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8754-8672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042402363\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Wisser\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3836-2002\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063826264\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Cichon\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4318-9707\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2298632\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-025-02068-0\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414747399" }, { "id": 498, "title": "Correction to: Incremental efficacy systematic review and meta-analysis of psilocybin-for-depression RCTs.", "normalized_title": "correction to incremental efficacy systematic review and meta analysis of psilocybin for depression rcts", "authors": "Borgogna NC, Owen T, Petrovitch D, Vaughn J, Johnson DAL, Pagano LA, Aita SL, Hill BD.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-025-06818-7", "pubmed_id": "40381005", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06818-7", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40381005\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 505, "title": "Psilocybin during the postpartum period induces long-lasting adverse effects in both mothers and offspring", "normalized_title": "psilocybin during the postpartum period induces long lasting adverse effects in both mothers and offspring", "authors": "Cassandra J. Hatzipantelis, Min Liu, A. H. G. Love, Sadie J. Leventhal, Hero Maera, Srinidhi Viswanathan, Emily Avetisyan, Liana Belinsky, McKenna M. Rangel, Nina J. Jain, Max Kelly, C. Copeland, Yara A. Khatib, Oliver Fiehn, David E. Olson, Danielle S. Stolzenberg", "abstract": "Psilocybin increases social connectedness and has strong clinical transdiagnostic efficacy for mental illness, making it a candidate treatment to reduce maternal disconnect, anxiety, and blunted affect seen in peripartum mood disorders. However, the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in peripartum mood disorders has not been investigated. We used a social stress model to examine the effects of psilocybin in parous mice and their offspring. Social stress induced maternal withdrawal and increased stress-related behaviors - none of which were ameliorated by psilocybin. Weeks later, psilocybin-treated dams were more anxious, regardless of stress exposure. In contrast, psilocybin-treated virgin females were unaffected. Though reproductive status did not affect psilocybin pharmacokinetics, serotonin receptor transcription and 5-HT2A receptor-dependent responses were reduced in dams. Offspring exposed to maternal psilocybin during breastfeeding exhibited anhedonia in adulthood. Here, we show that both parous parents and their children may be uniquely vulnerable to psychedelic treatment during the postpartum period.", "journal": "Nature Communications", "publication_date": "2025-09-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41467-025-64371-5", "pubmed_id": "41027992", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64371-5", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anhedonia, Mood, Offspring, Medicine, Affect (linguistics), Adverse effect, Postpartum period, Breastfeeding, Psychiatry, Pregnancy, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Lactation, Physiology, Postpartum depression, Internal medicine, Mood disorders, Clinical psychology, Endocrinology, Antidepressant, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414669838\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414669838\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W625443388\",\"https://openalex.org/W1851689772\",\"https://openalex.org/W1955961313\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966187484\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988125482\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011521422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044219781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055566656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077786958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094125301\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102941960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168788155\",\"https://openalex.org/W2178837340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318447563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515583174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560473817\",\"https://openalex.org/W2593441557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2759876743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2787927462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885511794\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913988157\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921903746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2922295186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2939067679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966981220\",\"https://openalex.org/W3024792236\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110733646\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3181822178\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199380438\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204328699\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207262064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215964700\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200373380\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206063518\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206129911\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220665505\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292998175\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310014477\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311849771\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620578\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315880873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318830229\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319461950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378647709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385479997\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388176857\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388407376\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389365746\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391062842\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391288716\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391687248\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392203338\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395688958\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399960079\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035253557\",\"display_name\":\"Cassandra J. Hatzipantelis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-7887\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100343900\",\"display_name\":\"Min Liu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-6667\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113593863\",\"display_name\":\"A. H. G. Love\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119783441\",\"display_name\":\"Sadie J. Leventhal\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119783442\",\"display_name\":\"Hero Maera\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Srinidhi Viswanathan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119783443\",\"display_name\":\"Emily Avetisyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5713-8281\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119783444\",\"display_name\":\"Liana Belinsky\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119783445\",\"display_name\":\"McKenna M. Rangel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nina J. Jain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5347-8539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025038781\",\"display_name\":\"Max Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0036-5259\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108786607\",\"display_name\":\"C. Copeland\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117136332\",\"display_name\":\"Yara A. Khatib\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8342-7100\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087349635\",\"display_name\":\"Oliver Fiehn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6261-8928\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051474045\",\"display_name\":\"David E. Olson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-0543\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033773664\",\"display_name\":\"Danielle S. Stolzenberg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1498-5299\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S64187185\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Communications\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64371-5\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414669838" }, { "id": 3588, "title": "Observational Pilot Study to Explore the Social and Health Impacts of a New Model of Care in Oregon: Psilocybin Services on Alcoholism", "normalized_title": "observational pilot study to explore the social and health impacts of a new model of care in oregon psilocybin services on alcoholism", "authors": "Healing Advocacy Fund", "abstract": "The purpose for this study is to observe the real world experience of participants who are receiving psilocybin in the context of (alcoholism) Alcohol Use Disorder without intervening in the model of care. The study team will engage directly with the participants to examine the outcomes in participants who have been deemed eligible and appropriate to receive psilocybin services at Oregon's Innertrek Patient Service Center (PSC) and who are willing to participate in the People Science pilot study to share their experience concurrently. Since the participant will be making the informed decision to voluntarily take part in this concurrent observational study, there will be no \"doctor-patient\" relationship between the participant and the People Science Study Investigator. Study participants will receive the standard of care and medical management from Oregon's Innertrek Patient Service Center facilitators as deemed appropriate per their existing guidelines and practices. People Science will solely be operating as an observer, using an agnostic research data capture system to collect outcomes and follow participant experiences throughout the course of their treatment journey. The study will incorporate participant-reported outcome measures, questionnaires and surveys. The primary endpoint in collecting study data will be to observe the impact of the Psilocybin-Assisted care model on the frequency of heavy drinking days through quantitative and qualitative data analysis for people who struggle with alcohol use. Non-quantitative narratives will also be captured. Throughout the People Science study observations, participants will be in the direct care of the Oregon Patient Service Center facilitators. Findings from this study will contribute knowledge toward the understanding of the use of psilocybin in individuals with self-described alcoholism (AUD). Alcoholism or Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic and relapsing condition characterized by an inability to control alcohol consumption, leading to significant health, social, and economic consequences. Despite the availability of various treatment modalities, including pharmacotherapies and behavioral interventions, relapse rates remain high, with many individuals failing to achieve long-term abstinence or control. This has spurred interest in exploring novel therapeutic approaches and care models, including the potential use of psychedelic compounds such as psilocybin used in a supportive care environment. Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychoactive substance found in certain species of mushrooms, has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic effects in treating mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. More recently, research has suggested that psilocybin may be beneficial in addressing substance use disorders, including Alcohol Use Disorder. The mechanism by which psilocybin exerts its effects appears to involve the modulation of neural circuits related to mood regulation, behavior, and self-reflection, which can facilitate profound psychological experiences that may promote lasting changes in behavior and cognition. Early clinical trials have shown promising results, indicating that psilocybin, when administered in a therapeutic setting, can reduce alcohol consumption and cravings in individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder. In a study published in Journal of American Medical Association of Psychiatry, researchers from New York University Grossman School of Medicine found that heavy alcohol consumption among people with alcohol use disorders was 83 percent lower among participants who had received psilocybin over an 8-month period following the psilocybin administration and almost half of participants who received psilocybin stopped drinking alcohol altogether. These studies highlight the potential for psilocybin to act as a catalyst for psychological insights and behavioral change when combined with psychotherapy or a calming and supportive environment, offering a new avenue for treatment-resistant cases of Alcohol Use Disorder. In Oregon, excessive alcohol consumption causes 2,000 deaths each year, making it the third leading cause of preventable death in the state. There is a glaring need for support for Oregonians facing alcohol and substance use disorders. Alongside more traditional treatment and harm reduction models, Psilocybin shows promise for treating alcohol and substance disorders. Oregon's state-regulated psilocybin program offers an opportunity to advance real world research on Psilocybin for treating alcohol and substance use disorders. In 2020, Oregon voters approved a ballot measure (Measure 109) to create the world's first state-regulated psilocybin program to improve the physical, mental, and social well-being of all people. The measure required that the Oregon Health Authority (OHA) create a licensing and regulatory framework for a safe, accessible and equitable program. After a two-year rule making period, licensed service centers are now open and providing psilocybin services to clients in Oregon. Psilocybin services are only delivered in licensed service centers, under the supervision of a trained facilitator, and psilocybin can only be consumed in the service center during that supervised session. There are no retail sales, no off-site consumption, possession, or production of psilocybin (outside of licensed manufacturers). The sponsor of this pilot research project is the Healing Advocacy Fund (HAF). HAF is a 501c3 non-profit organization that advocates for safe, affordable state-regulated access to psychedelic services. The Healing Advocacy Fund promotes regulations that create a state psilocybin program that is of high quality, accessible, and maximizes safety; educates stakeholders, policymakers, regulators, and the general public on the Oregon psilocybin program; and serves as a convener for the Oregon psilocybin ecosystem to collaboratively address goals and challenges, organize around shared needs, and deliver services to high standards and best practices. InnerTrek will provide the psilocybin services to individuals who struggle with alcohol use for the pilot. InnerTrek is a psilocybin patient service center located in Portland, Oregon and licensed by the Oregon Health Authority to offer both individual and group psilocybin services, including preparation, administration, and integration sessions. The position of the People Science research team in this setting is to observe the practices and experiences already occurring in the context of the State of Oregon's Psilocybin Services program at the InnerTrek Patient Service Center. People Science will create the questionnaires to be offered to the participants, as well as analyze data on the observation of participants' perspectives.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07189988", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, psilocybin, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07189988\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 484, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in adults with depression - A literature review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in adults with depression a literature review", "authors": "Dorczok MC, Mittmann G, Ettl T, Steiner-Hofbauer V.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy (PAP) has gained increasing attention in recent years as a potential treatment for depression, particularly in cases resistant to conventional therapies. This article aims to assess the efficacy of PAP in adults with various forms of depression by conducting a comprehensive review of the available literature.MethodA systematic search was conducted across several major databases (PubMed and Ebsco Host (incl. MEDLINE Ultimate, eBook Clinical Collection, DynaMed, APA PsycARTICLES, APA PsycINFO, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection), focusing on studies that investigated the effects of psilocybin in a therapeutic setting.ResultsThe overall systematic literature search identified 139 items, of which seven were selected for detailed analysis. The studies employed different dosing regimens and varied in their methodologies of psychological support before, during, and after psilocybin administration. Most studies found significant improvements in depression symptoms after administration of Psilocybin and sustained antidepressant effects up to twelve months post-treatment. Response and remission rates were consistently high across studies.ConclusionsPAP combined with structured psychological support shows sustained reductions in depressive symptoms for treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder. Higher doses generally yield stronger benefits. While PAP holds significant potential as a holistic treatment, methodological limitations, such as heterogeneity in study designs, inconsistent levels of psychological support and difficulties in blinding due to the nature of the drug's effect, highlight the need for more standardized protocols in future studies to ensure reliable outcomes. More research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111508", "pubmed_id": "40998282", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111508", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40998282\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 453, "title": "Considerations and cautions for the integration of psilocybin into routine clinical care: a consensus statement from the US National Network of Depression Centers' Task Group on Psychedelics and Related Compounds.", "normalized_title": "considerations and cautions for the integration of psilocybin into routine clinical care a consensus statement from the us national network of depression centers task group on psychedelics and related compounds", "authors": "Hosein MM, Reid MJ, Walser S, Charney S, Fonzo GA, Lewis BR, Yaden DB, Suppes T, Cordner ZA, Barrett FS.", "abstract": "The potential for psilocybin, and other psychedelic drugs, to fulfil a much needed and potentially transformative class of psychiatric treatments has garnered significant attention. Consequently, there has been a great deal of interest and investment in accelerating its development and potential implementation in routine clinical practice. However, the expanding scope of scientific discovery, heightened media coverage, and commercial interests in the field risk outpacing the rate of developments in the necessary guidelines and infrastructure required for integration of psilocybin into clinical practice. The US National Network of Depression Centers (NNDC) Task Group on Psychedelics and Related Compounds-comprising psychiatrists, psychologists, neuroscientists, psychedelic researchers, and leaders in healthcare consulting affiliated with the NNDC-developed this consensus statement as a summary of clinical expertise and opinion on the matter, to recognise psilocybin's therapeutic potential while also emphasising the need for further research and careful consideration before the integration of psilocybin into routine clinical care. We outline the current state of the science on psilocybin, incorporating articles published through April 2025. We identify key areas for further research and frame them within the context of therapeutic and ethical implications surrounding psilocybin's use in future clinical practice. We highlight the need for further research to address gaps in understanding of therapeutic dosage, efficacy across diverse populations, and long-term safety. Finally, we propose an agenda which calls for diversification of funding, collaborative research efforts, standardised training for healthcare providers, and careful consideration of ethical dilemmas inherent in the theorised clinical use of psilocybin. Crucially, we advocate for a balanced approach that prioritises rigorous scientific standards while considering the urgency of the need for better treatment options, ensuring equitable access and safety as the field progresses. We acknowledge that the single-country focus of the NNDC may limit the generalisability of recommendations to international contexts with differing healthcare systems and regulatory landscapes.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103517", "pubmed_id": "41048658", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103517", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41048658\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 311, "title": "Compassionate use of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression in Germany", "normalized_title": "compassionate use of psilocybin for treatment resistant depression in germany", "authors": "Gerhard Gründer, Lea J. Mertens, Andrea Jungaberle, Henrik Jungaberle, Moritz Spangemacher", "abstract": "", "journal": "The Lancet Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-09-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/s2215-0366(25)00277-9", "pubmed_id": "40976246", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(25)00277-9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Compassionate Use, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, MEDLINE, Medicine, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychoanalysis and Social Critique", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414422524\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414422524\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412792405\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016321877\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001710309\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070750577\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2531556786\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Lancet Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(25)00277-9\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414422524" }, { "id": 149, "title": "High dose of psilocybin induces acute behavioral changes without inducing conditioned place preference in Sprague-Dawley rats", "normalized_title": "high dose of psilocybin induces acute behavioral changes without inducing conditioned place preference in sprague dawley rats", "authors": "Vítor Bruno, Martha López-Canul, Brandon Richardson, Rosana Camarini, Tânia Marcourakis, Gabriella Gobbi", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a resurgence of scientific interest in psychedelics, including psilocybin, for their potential in treating neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the reward-related effects of psilocybin and its impact on behavior remain underexplored. AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the potential rewarding effects of high doses of psilocybin and its effects on rat behavior. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Over an 8-day period, rats were administered either psilocybin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle (0.9% saline, i.p.) on odd conditioning days, while receiving vehicle (0.9% saline, i.p.) on even conditioning days. The potential rewarding effect induced by psilocybin was assessed 48 hours after the last psilocybin injection. Behavioral assessments, including head twitch, body shaking, grooming, body licking, defecation pellets, and rearing, were conducted during the CPP exposure. RESULTS: Psilocybin did not induce CPP in rats, highlighting its lack of reinforcing effects under these conditions. However, this regimen of administration led to modifications in the behavioral profile during CPP test by increasing head twitching, wet-wet-dog shaking, and defecation pellets and decreasing grooming, body licking, and rearing compared to the vehicle group. Importantly, 48 hours after the final psilocybin injection, no behavioral differences were observed between psilocybin and vehicle groups. CONCLUSION: Psilocybin at this regimen (10 mg/kg, every other day) does not induce CPP, but induces changes in behavior, which disappear 48 hours after the last injection. More research is needed to better evaluate the addiction liability of psychedelics using different paradigms, doses, and protocols.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-09-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251368361", "pubmed_id": "40984017", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251368361", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Conditioned place preference, Hallucinogen, Anhedonia, Pharmacology, Psychology, Addiction, Preference, Medicine, Neuroscience, Anesthesia, Sensitization, Dopamine, Internal medicine, Amygdala, Endocrinology, Regimen, Anxiety, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Hamster, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414414148\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414414148\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1268863279\",\"https://openalex.org/W1897852281\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966847383\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973324928\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978960933\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989030177\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992039013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006985040\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018806235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020065445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021566700\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030687244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032242574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039829114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042469037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061747140\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063646581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069822026\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071540027\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074901757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079258526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080867289\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092538144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096717001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142107446\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161047862\",\"https://openalex.org/W2290466312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2298745667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413330641\",\"https://openalex.org/W2498283353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551733333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801672416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809209082\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895529315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940358438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987772439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2997108244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999684597\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021109112\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027810862\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043557033\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125903050\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134320342\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162880368\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196573181\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200052058\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215445661\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200486982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220686675\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220730926\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220950644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224065652\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225295187\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229371915\",\"https://openalex.org/W4239791260\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288447327\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308103422\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309269582\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312075150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315619317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321088596\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324045013\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362596352\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380225095\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380787361\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384663276\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385479997\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386119120\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387950497\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389793820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391051065\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394602238\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396640934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396646618\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400013914\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400174410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403605401\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403733782\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021635136\",\"display_name\":\"Vítor Bruno\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1092-523X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068365509\",\"display_name\":\"Martha López-Canul\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052103715\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Richardson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-9216\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062521491\",\"display_name\":\"Rosana Camarini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8131-6108\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006008799\",\"display_name\":\"Tânia Marcourakis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0076-5017\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010580951\",\"display_name\":\"Gabriella Gobbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4124-9825\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251368361\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414414148" }, { "id": 509, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder: A pilot open-label safety and feasibility study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder a pilot open label safety and feasibility study", "authors": "Elizabeth Knock, Krista J. Siefried, Gillinder Bedi, Steven M. Albert, Richard O. Day, Nadine Ezard, Margaret Ross, Paul Liknaitzky, Jonathan Brett", "abstract": "BACKGROUND & AIMS: There are few effective treatments for methamphetamine use disorder, despite increasing global demand. Here, we assessed the safety and feasibility of outpatient psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder. DESIGN: Single arm, open label pilot study. SETTING: Outpatient public stimulant treatment program at St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: We recruited 15 participants that were ≥25 years old, seeking treatment for methamphetamine use, using methamphetamine ≥4 days/month at screening, and without serious mental illness or contraindicated medical conditions or medications. INTERVENTION: Participants received three preparatory psychotherapy sessions over two weeks before a single psilocybin dosing session (25 mg oral), followed by two integration psychotherapy sessions over one week. Psychotherapy included elements of motivational enhancement and acceptance and commitment therapy. Participants were followed for 90 days post psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy session. MEASUREMENTS: Primary endpoints were safety (as measured by adverse events over the trial and vital signs during psilocybin dosing) and feasibility (as measured by enrolment and dropout rates), and secondary endpoints included measuring self-reported methamphetamine and other illicit drug use, drug craving, depression, anxiety, stress and quality of life measures. FINDINGS: Of 56 participants pre-screened, 15 were eligible and enrolled, 14 completed the intervention and 13 completed 90-day post-dose follow-up.\". No serious adverse events (AEs) occurred, and the seven treatment related AEs were self-limiting and mild to moderate in severity. AEs included hypertension during the dosing session and headache (n = 4), nausea (n = 1) and noise sensitivity (n = 1) within the week following the dose. Methamphetamine use (over the prior 28 days) was observed to be lower at screening (median 12 days, IQR7-16, n = 15) relative to day 28 (median 0 days, IQR0-2, n = 13) and 90 (median 2 days, IQR1-4, n = 14) post psilocybin. Methamphetamine craving was also observed to be lower while quality of life, depression, anxiety, and stress were observed to be higher at days 28 and 90 follow-up relative to baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder was feasible to implement in an outpatient setting and did not appear to generate safety concerns. A larger randomised controlled trial is required to confirm efficacy and safety.", "journal": "Addiction", "publication_date": "2025-09-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/add.70187", "pubmed_id": "40974259", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70187", "keywords": "Psychotherapist, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Methamphetamine, Medicine, Psychology, Randomized controlled trial, MEDLINE, Clinical trial, Addiction, Relapse prevention, Hallucinogen, Brief psychotherapy, Depression (economics), Substance use, Pilot trial, Clinical psychology, Ambulatory care, Poison control, Addiction treatment, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414374510\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414374510\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1924347018\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974432571\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992167600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015666695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020646491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037668503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047503435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072839634\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083164476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089165963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093274439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095674834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106369261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130544434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170182466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171048870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2754028604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770006511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945519735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962839503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981405421\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010839704\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112557491\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185477803\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210434317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281687410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324145541\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4372336620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388731626\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390704561\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391840511\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405122998\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411392672\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042111294\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Knock\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040818661\",\"display_name\":\"Krista J. Siefried\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6534-3325\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036812133\",\"display_name\":\"Gillinder Bedi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6718-0099\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049197924\",\"display_name\":\"Steven M. Albert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6786-9956\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067007569\",\"display_name\":\"Richard O. Day\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-6937\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028911674\",\"display_name\":\"Nadine Ezard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7495-8305\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101561809\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3368-6614\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030212190\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Liknaitzky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-2263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090300123\",\"display_name\":\"Jonathan Brett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-7495\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S70513841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Addiction\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70187\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414374510" }, { "id": 4292, "title": "S1 Appendix - Psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider COVID-19-related depression and burnout: A randomized controlled trial", "normalized_title": "s1 appendix psilocybin assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider covid 19 related depression and burnout a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Benjamin R. Lewis (22279166), John Hendrick (22279169), Kevin Byrne (1610821), Madeleine Odette (22279172), Chaorong Wu (8444343), Eric L. Garland (4666660)", "abstract": "Supplement 1. Additional tables presenting primary and secondary outcomes, sensitivity analyses, and exploratory findings. Table A1. ITT analyses for QIDS-SR-16 and MBI-HSS-MP. Table A2. Adjusted ITT analyses for QIDS-SR-16 and MBI-HSS-MP. Table B1. Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Demoralization Scale (DSII) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Table B2. Adjusted Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for DSII PCL-5. Table C1. Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Watt’s Connectedness Scale (WCS-GC). Table C2. Adjusted Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Watt’s Connectedness Scale (WCS-GC). Table D1. Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Watt’s Connectedness Scale Subscales. Table D2. Adjusted Intent-To-Treat (ITT) Analysis for Watt’s Connectedness Scale Subscales. Table E. p-values for Time × Study Arm interaction across all time points. Table F. Simple Effects for significant interaction results (ITT Analysis). Table G. Preference and Expectancy Measures. Table H. Bivariate Fit of Change in Outcome Measures by Experiential Questionnaires. Table I. Bivariate Fit of Change in Outcome Measures by Experiential Questionnaires by study arm. Table J. Correlations between outcome measures from baseline to 2-week endpoint. Table K. FDR-adjusted p-values for secondary outcome measures. Table L. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for QIDS-SR-16. Table M. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for MBI(EE). Table N. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for MBI (DP). Table O. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for MBI (PA). Table P. Baseline-Adjusted Mixed Model Results for WCS(GC). Table Q. EM Covariances (Little’s MCAR test). Table R. Per-Protocol Analysis for QIDS-SR-16 and MBI-HSS-MP. Table S. Simple effect for significant interaction results, per-protocol analysis. Supplement 2. Group psilocybin protocol outlining preparatory sessions, dosing protocol, and integration sessions. Text A. Intervention Structure. Text B. Guided Meditations and Guided Imagery. Text C. Citations. (DOCX)", "journal": "Figshare", "publication_date": "2025-09-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519.s001", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/S1_Appendix_-_Psilocybin-assisted_group_psychotherapy_and_mindfulness-based_stress_reduction_for_frontline_healthcare_provider_COVID-19-related_depression_and_burnout_A_randomized_controlled_trial/30170132", "keywords": "Randomized controlled trial, Social connectedness, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Bivariate analysis, Outcome (game theory), Patient-reported outcome, Medicine, Physical therapy, Checklist, Scale (ratio), Expectancy theory, Intention-to-treat analysis, DASS, Exploratory analysis, Intervention (counseling), Brief psychotherapy, Repeated measures design, Depression (economics), Distress, Multilevel model, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Research design, Treatment and control groups, Confounding, Metric (unit), Clinical trial, Anxiety, Self-efficacy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110952270\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110952270\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Benjamin R. Lewis (22279166)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"John Hendrick (22279169)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Kevin Byrne (1610821)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Madeleine Odette (22279172)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Chaorong Wu (8444343)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Eric L. Garland (4666660)\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196282\",\"source_display_name\":\"Figshare\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/S1_Appendix_-_Psilocybin-assisted_group_psychotherapy_and_mindfulness-based_stress_reduction_for_frontline_healthcare_provider_COVID-19-related_depression_and_burnout_A_randomized_controlled_trial/30170132\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7110952270" }, { "id": 513, "title": "Reappraisal of the hype and hope offered by psilocybin treatment of depression.", "normalized_title": "reappraisal of the hype and hope offered by psilocybin treatment of depression", "authors": "Beaglehole B, Manuel J.", "abstract": "AimTo provide a balanced account of psilocybin treatment of depression for expectations to be appropriately set.MethodReview and discussion of key psilocybin efficacy studies. Reporting of side effects and risk of harm with psychedelic treatments. Comparisons and contrasts with ketamine studies of treatment-resistant depression (TRD).ResultEarly psilocybin studies offer promise but expectation bias and functional unblinding are factors in the treatment response. Psilocybin is generally well tolerated but side effects are often not systematically reported, and some recipients may experience harm. The ketamine research has similar methodological considerations, but the weight of positive evidence is stronger for a treatment-resistant group.ConclusionThe evidence for psilocybin treatment of depression is insufficient to press for wider availability and use.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.26635/6965.7138", "pubmed_id": "40966702", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.26635/6965.7138", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Hope, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40966702\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 512, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider COVID-19-related depression and burnout: A randomized controlled trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider covid 19 related depression and burnout a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Benjamin R. Lewis, John Hendrick, Kevin Byrne, Madeleine Odette, Chaorong Wu, Eric L. Garland", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Depression and burnout, which are common among healthcare workers, were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and psilocybin have been reported to reduce depressive symptoms, but the efficacy of the combination requires comparison to an active treatment control. We sought to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin and MBSR versus MBSR alone for frontline healthcare providers with symptoms of depression and burnout related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that psilocybin would augment the antidepressant effects of MBSR in this population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial that enrolled physicians and nurses with frontline clinical work during the COVID-19 pandemic and symptoms of depression and burnout. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05557643) Participants were enrolled between January 2nd, 2023 and January 16th, 2024, and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either an 8-week MBSR curriculum alone or an 8-week MBSR curriculum plus group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) with 25 mg psilocybin. Evaluation of safety and feasibility of enrollment and retention was a primary objective of the study. The primary efficacy endpoint was change in depressive symptoms, as measured by the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR-16) at 2 weeks post-intervention. Symptoms of depression and burnout were assessed at baseline, and 2 weeks and 6 months post-intervention utilizing the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR-16) and Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Professionals (MBI-HSS-MP), respectively. Secondary outcome measures included the Demoralization Scale (DS-II) and the Watt's Connectedness Scale (WCS). Adverse events (AEs) and suicidality were assessed through a 6-month follow-up. Twenty-five participants were enrolled and randomized. Safety was a study outcome and assessed by rate and severity of AEs and any incident suicidality or significant mental health symptoms. Baseline and outcome data were summarized using descriptive statistics, with continuous variables reported as means and standard deviations. We recorded 12 study-related, Grade 1-2 AEs and no serious AEs. In a linear mixed model analysis (LMM), the MBSR + PAP arm evidenced a significantly larger decrease in QIDS-SR-16 score than the MBSR-only arm from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention (between-groups effect = 4.6, 95% CI [1.51, 7.70]; p = 0.008). This effect waned at the 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcome measures for burnout (subscales of the MBI-HSS-MP), demoralization (DS II), and connectedness (WCS) favored the MBSR + PAP arm; however, these effects did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. A mixed RM-ANCOVA was conducted to control for baseline differences in outcome measures. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, adjusting for baseline differences in gender and clustering within group cohorts. Study limitations that affect the generalizability of results include a small sample size, homogenous study population, and significant differences in intervention intensity. CONCLUSIONS: This trial met its primary endpoint: group psilocybin-assisted therapy plus MBSR was associated with clinically significant improvement in depressive symptoms without serious AEs and with greater reduction in symptoms than MBSR alone. Our findings suggest that integrating psilocybin with mindfulness training may represent a promising treatment for depression and burnout among physicians and nurses. Larger trials are needed to establish efficacy, generalizability, and durability of these effects.", "journal": "PLoS Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-09-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519", "pubmed_id": "40972137", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519", "keywords": "Mindfulness-based stress reduction, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Mindfulness, Depression (economics), Stress reduction, Health care, Physical therapy, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Quality of life (healthcare), Burnout, Group psychotherapy, MEDLINE, Alternative medicine, Clinical psychology, Primary care, Mental health, Major depressive disorder, Pharmacotherapy, Stress management, Psychotherapist, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414366251\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414366251\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978969044\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983742160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017152382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124126925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2488757378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886043371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990800371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014277121\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021065879\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088381375\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095596619\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136469907\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163282265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3198977306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207929442\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281899337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285392796\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286790062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317355030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380082779\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380740293\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384563223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388418934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393183693\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396813127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405176234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407394179\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062983107\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin R. Lewis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0118-1053\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084238679\",\"display_name\":\"John Hendrick\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047333818\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin Byrne\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0409-5273\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047851156\",\"display_name\":\"Madeleine Odette\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-8324\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042522991\",\"display_name\":\"Chaorong Wu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-0978\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033325414\",\"display_name\":\"Eric L. Garland\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2891-857X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S197939330\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414366251" }, { "id": 456, "title": "Emerging mechanisms of psilocybin-induced neuroplasticity.", "normalized_title": "emerging mechanisms of psilocybin induced neuroplasticity", "authors": "Sonda S, Pendin D, Comai S, De Martin S, Manfredi P, Mattarei A.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, is gaining attention for its rapid and sustained therapeutic effects in depression and other hard-to-treat neuropsychiatric conditions, potentially through its capacity to enhance neuronal plasticity. While its neuroplastic and therapeutic effects are commonly attributed to serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor activation, emerging evidence reveals a more nuanced pharmacological profile involving multiple serotonin receptor subtypes and nonserotonergic targets such as TrkB. This review integrates current findings on the molecular interactome of psilocin (psilocybin active metabolite), emphasizing receptor selectivity, biased agonism, and intracellular receptor localization. Together, these insights offer a refined framework for understanding psilocybin's enduring effects and guiding the development of next-generation neuroplastogens with improved specificity and safety.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.tips.2025.08.012", "pubmed_id": "40957728", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2025.08.012", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Neuronal Plasticity, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40957728\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 326, "title": "Temporal dynamics in neuroimaging as correlates of therapeutic response to psilocybin in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and critical appraisal.", "normalized_title": "temporal dynamics in neuroimaging as correlates of therapeutic response to psilocybin in major depressive disorder a systematic review and critical appraisal", "authors": "Sabbah SG, Li S, Wong S, Le GH, Badulescu S, Hawco C, Rosenblat JD, McIntyre RS.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelics are emerging as promising treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a powerful tool to study neural mechanisms underlying therapeutic response.MethodsThis systematic review (PROSPERO #CRD42024557973) examined neuroimaging studies of psilocybin in MDD and TRD, with a focus on the temporal evolution of neuroimaging changes post-treatment. A secondary aim was to correlate imaging findings with validated clinical outcomes to assess their relevance in predicting treatment response.ResultsEleven eligible studies were included, using diverse fMRI modalities such as resting-state functional connectivity, task-based BOLD imaging, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), dynamic functional connectivity, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Early (0-4 weeks) post-treatment changes included reduced network modularity and increased global brain integration, alongside modulation of affective circuits involving the amygdala, default mode network, and prefrontal regions. These changes were significantly associated with reductions in BDI, QIDS, and SHAPS scores, reflecting improvements in mood and anhedonia. Longer-term changes (5+ weeks) involved sustained reorganization of large-scale networks, particularly increased connectivity between the prefrontal and parietal cortices and salience network.ConclusionsAlthough these findings suggest psilocybin is associated with dynamic and temporally distinct neuroplastic changes linked to clinical improvement, several limitations must be acknowledged. Many studies reused overlapping datasets with high exploratory flexibility and risk of bias. The generalizability of results is therefore constrained. Future research should emphasize independent datasets, pre-registered imaging endpoints, and longitudinal designs to clarify the mechanisms underlying psychedelic therapy for depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.120335", "pubmed_id": "40962065", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120335", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Treatment Outcome, Neuroimaging, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40962065\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 488, "title": "Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptor Signaling Analysis Reveals Psychedelic Biased Agonism.", "normalized_title": "serotonin 5 ht2c receptor signaling analysis reveals psychedelic biased agonism", "authors": "Bonniwell EM, Alabdali R, Hennessey JJ, McKee JL, Cavalco NG, Lammers JC, Moore EJ, Franchini L, Orlandi C, McCorvy JD.", "abstract": "The serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2C) is a G protein-coupled receptor implicated in multiple physiological and psychological processes and has been investigated as a therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric conditions such as obesity, drug abuse, and depression. With renewed interest in serotonergic psychedelics for treating depression, 5-HT2C may contribute to psychedelic-induced therapeutic effects. Despite earlier evidence of 5-HT2C G protein coupling promiscuity, the full signaling landscape remains incompletely characterized, which may help explain the limited efficacy and potential cancer risks associated with lorcaserin. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of 5-HT2C signaling, confirming and building upon previous findings that the receptor engages Gi/o/z and G12/13 proteins in addition to its primary Gq/11 pathway, and that it preferentially recruits β-arrestin2 over β-arrestin1. We also show that increased RNA editing of the receptor attenuates signaling across all G protein pathways, particularly for G12/13, while preserving β-arrestin recruitment. Profiling of both 5-HT2C-selective and psychedelic ligands reveals diverse signaling profiles, with serotonergic psychedelics such as LSD and psilocin exhibiting a striking Gq/11 bias due to minimal secondary G protein activation. Altogether, this work provides a foundation for incorporating a broader view of 5-HT2C signaling modalities into future investigations of 5-HT2C drug development efforts.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-12", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00647", "pubmed_id": "40944639", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00647", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C, Hallucinogens, Signal Transduction, HEK293 Cells, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, beta-Arrestin 2", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40944639\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414162276" }, { "id": 489, "title": "Concomitant use of antidepressants and classic psychedelics: A scoping review.", "normalized_title": "concomitant use of antidepressants and classic psychedelics a scoping review", "authors": "Tap SC, Thomas K, Páleníček T, Stenbæk DS, Oliveira-Maia AJ, van Dalfsen JH, Schoevers RA.", "abstract": "Classic psychedelics are increasingly studied as potential treatments for different psychiatric disorders. Current research protocols often require patients to discontinue antidepressants (ADs) for at least 2 weeks before psychedelic administration to decrease the risk of serotonin syndrome and limit their effect on efficacy and the acute subjective effects of psychedelics. Moreover, the discontinuation of ADs represents a significant burden to patients that could also worsen their depression status and increase suicidal ideation. Together, this suggests that the general recommendation for AD discontinuation might be unnecessary and even detrimental to the therapeutic efficacy of psychedelics. In this scoping review, we summarise the existing literature on the concomitant use of conventional ADs with classic psychedelics in humans with the aims to assess safety, tolerability, efficacy, and subjective effects. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases to retrieve relevant literature from inception to March 3, 2025. Data were systematically charted from included studies. We included 18 studies and found that the concomitant use of ADs and classic psychedelics is generally safe and tolerable, with no increased risk of serotonin syndrome, particularly for psilocybin. Some studies reported significant improvements in depression and other mental health symptoms. While some evidence indicates a potential attenuation of acute subjective psychedelic effects, this was not observed in all studies. Accordingly, we conclude that the use of ADs can be maintained to enhance patient access to psychedelic treatments and avoid the risk of AD discontinuation syndrome. Finally, this review highlights limitations and several knowledge gaps in the current literature that need to be addressed in future randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-11", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251368360", "pubmed_id": "40937732", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251368360", "keywords": "Humans, Serotonin Syndrome, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Mental Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40937732\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 518, "title": "Correction: Therapeutic and legal aspects of psilocybin in cancer-related depression.", "normalized_title": "correction therapeutic and legal aspects of psilocybin in cancer related depression", "authors": "Wierzbicka M, Kopczyk R, Gerlach A, Rymaszewska J.", "abstract": "[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864.].", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1698185", "pubmed_id": "41019591", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1698185", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41019591\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 476, "title": "Psilocybin Enhances Cued Fear Extinction and Extinction Recall in Stress-Naïve, Acutely Stressed, and Chronically Stressed Mice", "normalized_title": "psilocybin enhances cued fear extinction and extinction recall in stress naïve acutely stressed and chronically stressed mice", "authors": "John A. Razidlo, Noelle Cataldo, Cody J. Wenthur", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics have shown promise in clinical trials for treating an array of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Despite these findings, our understanding of how these drugs mechanistically exert their therapeutic effects remains incomplete. While researchers have regularly employed rodent preclinical models to assess such mechanisms, many of these findings arise from stress-naïve animals. Given that prior environmental stress is a critical component for the mental health disorders being studied in clinical trials of psychedelics, understanding the performance of these drugs in animals previously exposed to acute or chronic stress is of strong translational relevance. In this study, we examined the effects of psilocybin in male mice that were stress-naïve, as well as in those that underwent either single-prolonged stress (SPS) or chronic restraint stress (CRS). The effects of these treatments on corticosterone release, extinction of freezing behavior, and recall of extinction in Pavlovian fear conditioning were examined for each group. We observed that psilocybin challenge transiently increased serum corticosterone in stress-naïve mice relative to saline; however, this effect was not observed in SPS and CRS animals. Interestingly, psilocybin treatment enhanced fear extinction and promoted extinction recall 24 h later not only in stress-naïve animals but also in stressed animals. These findings indicate psilocybin's ability to acutely enhance fear extinction and promote enhanced extinction recall across animals with diverse environmental stress experiences prior to exposure.", "journal": "ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science", "publication_date": "2025-09-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.5c00462", "pubmed_id": "41244305", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.5c00462", "keywords": "Extinction (optical mineralogy), Psilocybin, Recall, Serotonergic, Anxiety, Neuroscience, Fear conditioning, Psychology, Corticosterone, Exposure therapy, Stressor, Cued speech, Medicine, Infralimbic cortex, Amygdala, Chronic stress, Conditioning, Fluoxetine, Developmental psychology, Cognition, Depression (economics), Freezing behavior, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Classical conditioning, Mediator, Serotonin, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414130775\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414130775\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1520014704\",\"https://openalex.org/W1547500656\",\"https://openalex.org/W1547865271\",\"https://openalex.org/W1641610789\",\"https://openalex.org/W1859587519\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978891587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983954953\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996216020\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032476754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042393288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070508185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113167245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118659222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136341379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142277208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159338408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165937541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2236432672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285774466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581848244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2754408186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799742551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799830923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911340901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954767806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955504961\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962664096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985647112\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991390907\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008102555\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046852106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096045630\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3148351968\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178121559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184493436\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224257950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232755968\",\"https://openalex.org/W4241544471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294631080\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321429266\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385257581\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385396235\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385479997\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387047256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389428451\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390973319\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394872761\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396580667\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401212791\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405287906\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405738640\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406131830\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409310214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410755082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4412424249\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057449473\",\"display_name\":\"John A. Razidlo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9108-2253\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005483548\",\"display_name\":\"Noelle Cataldo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1076-1534\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077505426\",\"display_name\":\"Cody J. Wenthur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-3842\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210207642\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.5c00462\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414130775" }, { "id": 3699, "title": "Measurement of Serum Cytokine Levels in Samples Collected as Part of a Clinical Trial of Psilocybin for Treatment-resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "measurement of serum cytokine levels in samples collected as part of a clinical trial of psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "King's College London", "abstract": "About one in three people with major depression respond poorly to standard antidepressant treatments. This kind of depression is called treatment-resistant depression, and it can lead to long-term disability, financial challenges, and a higher risk of suicide. Psilocybin-a compound found in certain mushrooms-has shown early promise as a new treatment for this difficult-to-treat depression. Scientists believe it works by affecting a specific brain receptor (called 5-HT2A), which helps the brain become more flexible and adaptable. But there's another possible mechanism of psilocybin that hasn't been studied much: its ability to influence the immune system. Recent research suggests that inflammation in the body might play a role in depression, especially when treatments don't work. High levels of certain inflammatory markers (called cytokines) are linked to poor response to antidepressants, while lower levels are tied to feeling better. Psilocybin may help reduce this inflammation, which could be part of why it helps some people feel better. Still, we don't fully understand how a person's inflammation levels before treatment, and how those levels change afterward, relate to how well psilocybin works. Figuring this out could help doctors better match patients to psychedelic therapy and discover new ways to treat depression. In this study, blood samples from a recent study (called the PsiDeR trial) that tested psilocybin in people with treatment-resistant depression will be analyzed. Cytokine levels in these blood samples, as well as levels of another type of molecule linked to inflammation, called mRNA, will be measured. Chronic and elevated inflammation is associated with depression. Depressed patients tend to have raised inflammatory markers compared to healthy controls, and studies have reported that the greatest elevation is seen in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Previous studies highlight the bidirectional relationship between inflammation and depression. Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines are linked to poor antidepressant response, while reductions in these markers are associated with symptom improvement. While neuroinflammation may play a role in the pathophysiology of depression, inflammation is also a causal risk factor for physical illnesses that are often co-morbid with depression, such as cardiovascular disease. As such, targeting inflammation in patients with depression may have significant implications for both their mental and physical health. Psychedelics are emerging as a potential new class of therapeutic agents for psychiatric illness, including depression. It has been suggested that their therapeutic effect may partly be due to reducing inflammation. Psychedelics have been shown reduce markers of inflammation in models of human inflammatory disease, both in vitro and in vivo. While, as might be expected, psilocybin was not found to reduce markers of inflammation in healthy human volunteers, in a clinical sample of people with treatment-resistant depression, use of ayahuasca (containing the psychedelic N,N DMT) resulted in a significant reduction in CRP levels compared to participants given placebo, with the reduction in CRP levels significantly correlated with a reduction in depressive symptoms. Ayahuasca consists of an admixture of multiple different compounds. As such, the relative contribution of the psychedelic to the anti-inflammatory effect that was observed is unknown. The effect of isolated psychedelic compounds such as psilocybin on the systemic inflammatory state of patients, specifically patients with depression, therefore, remains to be investigated. Psilocybin's capacity to reduce inflammation, as evidenced in preclinical models, may be a crucial mechanism underlying its therapeutic effects. Moreover, while it is recognised that baseline inflammation levels can influence the effectiveness of conventional antidepressants, it is unclear whether this is also the case for psilocybin. This study aims to evaluate serum cytokine and inflammatory-related mRNA levels in samples collected from participants with TRD who took part in the (Psi)locybin in (De)pression (R)esistant to Standard Treatments (PsiDeR) Trial, and the relationships between these and psilocybin treatment response. PsiDeR was a randomised, placebo-controlled trial of psilocybin as a treatment for TRD that has now completed.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07164755", "keywords": "Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT07164755\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3562, "title": "Processing Intergenerational Trauma With Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "processing intergenerational trauma with psilocybin assisted therapy", "authors": "Rachel Yehuda", "abstract": "This is an open-label psilocybin-assisted therapy study that will examine the safety and tolerability of psilocybin-assisted therapy in the offspring of genocide survivors with mood and anxiety disorders. The study will also investigate the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in reducing symptoms such as depression, anxiety and stress, as well as changes to the psychological effects of parental exposure to genocide, and changes to psychological resilience. This study is investigating whether Psilocybin-assisted therapy improves depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in the offspring (biological children) of genocide survivors. Intergenerational trauma is the concept that the effects of experiencing extreme stress can be perpetuated to future generations. A genocide here is defined by the extinction or threat of extinction of a racial, religious or ethnic group, by an oppressive regime. A genocide survivor here is defined by an individual who survived or escaped a genocide in their country of origin. Currently, there are no evidence-based treatments developed specifically for the syndrome associated with Intergenerational trauma. This study aims to assess the safety and tolerability of psilocybin-assisted therapy, and assess the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in reducing symptoms such as depression, anxiety and stress, as well as changes to the psychological effects of parental exposure to genocide, and changes to psychological resilience. Participants will be asked to attend one or more screening visits to assess eligibility. If eligible, participants will be treated with two separate doses of the study medication, Psilocybin, 3-4 weeks apart. This is an open-label research study, meaning all participants will receive Psilocybin (25mg). Two trained clinical practitioners will work with participants across preparation, dosing, and integration processes. Participants will complete assessments throughout the study until their participation has ended. Safety measures are in place to check the overall health and well-being of participants Participation will consist of: * Screening Period (up to 4 weeks): Phone screen, informed consent, eligibility assessment. * Tapering \\& Enrollment Period (variable): Enrollment, supervised medical tapering where necessary as discussed with the study doctor, biomarker collection and psychometric baseline assessments. * Preparatory \\& Treatment Period (up to 14 weeks): Three preparatory sessions with study clinicians, assessments; two dosing days at least three weeks apart, three weekly integration sessions with study clinicians following each dose, a 72-hour check-in call after each dosing day, assessments. * Follow-Up Period (up to 5 weeks): Follow-up one month after final integration session, assessments, clinical evaluation, biomarker collection", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06899165", "keywords": "Psychological Stress, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy, Integration sessions, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06899165\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Biomarkers,Wellbeing,Resilience,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 521, "title": "Effect of psilocybin therapy on suicidal ideation, attempts, and deaths in people with psychiatric diagnoses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin therapy on suicidal ideation attempts and deaths in people with psychiatric diagnoses a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Wong S, Meckling G, Fabiano N, Lee S, Jones BDM, Shorr R, Dargel A, Davis AK, Fiedorowicz JG, Solmi M, Rosenblat JD, Mulsant BH, Blumberger DM, Husain MI.", "abstract": "BackgroundSuicidal ideation, attempts, and deaths present a major and tragic public health concern. Recent trials of psilocybin therapy (PT) have shown promise in treating treatment-resistant depression and have found a reduction in suicidal ideation. Given the growth of PT research, there is a need to further understand its effect on suicidal ideation, attempts, and deaths.ObjectiveTo assess and synthesize evidence on the effects of PT on suicidal ideation, attempts, and deaths in psychiatric patients.DesignPRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourceMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and PsychINFO.MethodDatabases were searched for randomized controlled trials of PT in adults with psychiatric diagnoses that reported suicide outcomes (ideation, attempts, and deaths). Abstract and full-text screening were conducted, and suicide outcomes were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed with a random effects model to assess changes in suicide outcomes compared to control through the standardized mean difference (SMD). Assessment of heterogeneity, risk of bias, and subgroup analysis was completed.ResultsNine studies were included (N = 593; 335 psilocybin & 258 control). Two studies were excluded from meta-analysis because suicide-related outcomes data were not available. Participants with PT experienced a small and significant decrease in suicidal ideation compared to control (k = 7, SMD = -0.24, 95% CI -0.42 to -0.06, p = 0.008, I2 = 0%). There was no publication bias found. Subgroup analysis found no significant differences between groups. No study reported suicide attempts or suicide deaths. Two studies had a high risk of bias.ConclusionPsilocybin therapy may reduce suicidal ideation in adults with psychiatric diagnoses. Current studies are limited by small sample size, lack of follow-up data, and assessment of blinding.Trial registrationCRD42023445706.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/20451253251372449", "pubmed_id": "40933784", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253251372449", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40933784\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4297, "title": "Five-year outcomes of psilocybin-assisted therapy for Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "five year outcomes of psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Alan K. Davis, Meghan DellaCrosse, Nathan D. Sepeda, Adam W. Levin, Mary P Cosimano, Hillary Shaub, Washington Taylor, Peter M. Gooch, Shoval Gilead, Skylar J. Gaughan, Stacey B. Armstrong, Frederick S. Barrett", "abstract": "Abstract Background Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability and economic loss, with high recurrence and treatment resistance. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) shows promise in reducing depressive symptoms, but long-term effects are unknown. We aimed to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of PAT for MDD over a five-year follow-up period. Methods Individuals who previously participated in an RCT studying the effects of PAT for patients with MDD were contacted for a long-term follow-up (LTFU) study. This study uses a parallel convergent mixed methods design. Of the original 24 RCT participants, 21 enrolled in the LTFU study, with 18 (75%) completing it. For the six non-completers, baseline scores were used in quantitative analyses as conservative estimates. The primary outcome was clinician-rated change in depression severity from baseline to LTFU. Secondary outcomes included anxiety, functional impairment, and qualitative assessments of participants' experiences and mental health. Results Significant and sustained reductions in depression were observed, with 67% in remission for at least five years post-treatment. Anxiety and functional impairment also improved. Qualitative interviews revealed lasting positive changes in mindset, emotional health, and relationships. Participants reported enhanced empathy, self-acceptance, and improved interpersonal relationships. No severe adverse events were reported. Conclusion This study supports the long-term efficacy and safety of PAT in reducing depressive symptoms and improving mental health in patients with MDD. Further research is needed to determine if these findings can be replicated, and to explore the mechanisms behind the sustained benefits of PAT, potentially validating an approach that could transform the treatment of MDD.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2025-09-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2025.00461", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2025.00461", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413975912\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413975912\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1914972138\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981198734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014087423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015666695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073441573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084779737\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141217193\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141305471\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2201421223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2418769740\",\"https://openalex.org/W2463496270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2738334969\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804876758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031742716\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048560297\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093223973\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157759986\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210887564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205567434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224044203\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229447912\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232488826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4235220276\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236038590\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386894189\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388574768\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406870441\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063981201\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan DellaCrosse\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5554-277X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048202842\",\"display_name\":\"Adam W. Levin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9167-462X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025469924\",\"display_name\":\"Mary P Cosimano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119535269\",\"display_name\":\"Hillary Shaub\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028633108\",\"display_name\":\"Washington Taylor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8566-6706\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081593427\",\"display_name\":\"Peter M. Gooch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119535270\",\"display_name\":\"Shoval Gilead\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115863901\",\"display_name\":\"Skylar J. Gaughan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-7430\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015911875\",\"display_name\":\"Stacey B. Armstrong\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0869-7511\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2025.00461\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413975912" }, { "id": 524, "title": "Therapeutic Use of Psilocybin in Depression: a Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic use of psilocybin in depression a systematic review of clinical evidence", "authors": "Andrade FRT, Buchborn T, Thalheimer G, Meinhardt MW, Joca S, de Almeida RMM.", "abstract": "BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant public health concern, and current treatments often have limitations in effectiveness and adherence. Psilocybin, a psychedelic compound found in certain mushrooms, is being explored as a potential treatment for depression. It primarily acts through the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor but interacts with 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors. Its precise mechanisms remain under investigation.Objectives(1) To consolidate evidence on psilocybin’s efficacy and safety for depression and the role of 5HT2a, (2) to identify limitations in the literature, and (3) to highlight areas needing further research.MethodsThis systematic review follows PRISMA guidelines and analyses 22 studies, including randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and open-label studies. The studies cover various populations, including individuals with treatment-resistant depression, different dosing regimens, and adjunctive therapies.ResultsPsilocybin therapy shows substantial and rapid antidepressant effects, often after one or two sessions with psychological support. Improvements are sustained for weeks or months in many cases. Psilocybin is generally well-tolerated, with mild adverse effects such as anxiety during administration and transient headaches, which are manageable in controlled settings.ConclusionsPsilocybin demonstrates promise as a novel treatment for depression, especially for individuals unresponsive to conventional antidepressants. Further research is needed to refine dosing, explore long-term effects, and understand its mechanisms of action.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-09-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1017/neu.2025.10039", "pubmed_id": "40899152", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2025.10039", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40899152\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3571, "title": "Effect of Psilocybin Only and Psilocybin Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the Management of Major Depressive Disorder and Associated Metabolic, Immune, Inflammatory, Neuroplasticity and Electrical Activity Markers: a Randomized Controlled Trial", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin only and psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy in the management of major depressive disorder and associated metabolic immune inflammatory neuroplasticity and electrical activity markers a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Khyber Medical University Peshawar", "abstract": "This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of psilocybin and psilocybin-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in the management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The study aims to compare the effects of psilocybin-only therapy, CBT, and psilocybin-assisted CBT on depression symptoms, neurochemical markers, inflammatory markers, and neuroplasticity in individuals with MDD. Participants will continue their routine depression medications and will be assessed for changes in depression scores, biochemical markers, and brain activity patterns using validated tools and tests. This single-masked randomized controlled trial investigates novel therapeutic interventions for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). MDD is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with a significant proportion of patients being treatment-resistant or showing only partial response to conventional antidepressants. Emerging evidence suggests that psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, has potential as a rapid-acting antidepressant. The study will recruit 60 participants meeting DSM-V criteria for MDD, randomized into four groups: Control group (Conventional therapy only), Psilocybin therapy group, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) group, and Psilocybin-assisted CBT group. Participants will receive interventions over 10 weeks, with psilocybin administered in two heroic doses six weeks apart, and CBT delivered in 8-10 structured sessions. Biochemical and neurochemical markers such as CD4/CD8 ratio, TNF-α, IL-6, BDNF, and oxytocin will be measured, along with inflammatory markers (resistin and visfatin). Depression scores will be assessed using scales like HAM-D, MADRS, and BDI. EEG recordings will evaluate changes in brain activity pre- and post-intervention. The primary objective is to assess improvements in depression symptoms, while secondary objectives include evaluating changes in immune, inflammatory, and neurochemical markers and EEG activity. Data will be analyzed using ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc tests to determine statistical significance.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-09-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06746441", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Psilocin (the active form of psilocybin metabolized in the body), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06746441\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4308, "title": "We may know why psilocybin helps treat mental health conditions", "normalized_title": "we may know why psilocybin helps treat mental health conditions", "authors": "Chris Simms", "abstract": "", "journal": "The New Scientist", "publication_date": "2025-08-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/s0262-4079(25)01446-0", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(25)01446-0", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental health, Psychiatry, Psychology, Medicine, Mental health care, Psychotherapist, Depression (economics), MEDLINE, Mental illness, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Health care, Anxiety, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414149661\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414149661\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113105835\",\"display_name\":\"Chris Simms\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S104920066\",\"source_display_name\":\"The New Scientist\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(25)01446-0\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414149661" }, { "id": 4305, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Chronic Somatoform Pain Disorder: A Case Report", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for chronic somatoform pain disorder a case report", "authors": "M Mercier, Cédric Mabilais, Vasileios Chytas, Leonice Furtado, Federico Seragnoli, Albert Buchard, Tatiana Aboulafia Brakha, Gabriel Thorens, Daniele Zullino, Louise Penzenstadler", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances have experienced a resurgence of clinical interest in recent years, particularly for their promising effects in the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. While evidence regarding their role in chronic pain management remains limited, emerging studies suggest potential therapeutic benefits. This case report describes a patient with persistent somatoform pain disorder and recurrent depressive disorder who underwent four sessions of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. The intervention was associated with a reduction in the negative impact of pain on daily life, increased pain acceptance, improved quality of life, and reduction in depressive symptoms. These findings contribute to the growing body of literature suggesting that psychedelics, when combined with psychotherapy, may offer a novel and holistic approach to the treatment of chronic pain. Further controlled studies are needed to explore the safety, efficacy, and underlying mechanisms.", "journal": "Psychoactives", "publication_date": "2025-08-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/psychoactives4030030", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives4030030", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Chronic pain, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413893315\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413893315\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041124713\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125228745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2217880633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2329316201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2462596148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2464715703\",\"https://openalex.org/W2512716401\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2743855088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804789712\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081126678\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165837403\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213721934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211119836\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294804950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386019370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386466628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386624716\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402529371\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402697828\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404843727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406120474\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406510641\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411103150\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018529574\",\"display_name\":\"M Mercier\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091929997\",\"display_name\":\"Cédric Mabilais\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065669141\",\"display_name\":\"Vasileios Chytas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1897-3578\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091929996\",\"display_name\":\"Leonice Furtado\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076109553\",\"display_name\":\"Federico Seragnoli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9261-770X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5098758615\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Buchard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116852081\",\"display_name\":\"Tatiana Aboulafia Brakha\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6878-4276\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011794985\",\"display_name\":\"Gabriel Thorens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3622-9179\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024403583\",\"display_name\":\"Daniele Zullino\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2468-8965\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054543118\",\"display_name\":\"Louise Penzenstadler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1379-0243\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387280156\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychoactives\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives4030030\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Case Report,Safety", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413893315" }, { "id": 4304, "title": "PSYCHEDELICS IN PSYCHIATRY - OVERVIEW OF PSILOCYBIN RESEARCH", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in psychiatry overview of psilocybin research", "authors": "Anna Blazhkova, Magdalena Czaja, Hanna Sitka, Sven Solisch, Anna Susłow, Ewa Szczęsna", "abstract": "Introduction: Recently, there has been a significant increase in interest in the use of psychedelics for various psychiatric conditions. Psilocybin is receiving particular attention as a psychoactive substance with significant therapeutic potential. Recent research focuses on its possible benefits in the treatment of major depressive disorders (MDD) and anorexia nervosa (AN). Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in treating MDD and AN by analyzing its mechanism of action, clinical trials results and further implications of PAT. Materials and methods: An overview of 26 articles sourced from PubMed and open-access databases was conducted, with a focus on randomized controlled trials, neurobiological mechanisms and also exploratory research. Conclusions: Psilocybin and PAT demonstrated significant antidepressant effects, enhancing neuroplasticity, connectivity and cognitive flexibility. While evidence in MDD is significantly more established, preliminary findings in AN are promising, but still require further controlled clinical trials. Psilocybin represents a novel approach to treatment of MDD and AN.", "journal": "International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science", "publication_date": "2025-08-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3650", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3650", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413888032\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413888032\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2749043159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994058197\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185477803\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205506305\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308953446\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381548553\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383820109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390732376\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395110324\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403620011\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408765639\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409824886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410350230\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410487155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410539818\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411265929\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411302754\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411347440\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115836808\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Blazhkova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5105758586\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Czaja\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093527438\",\"display_name\":\"Hanna Sitka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3175-1305\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114721230\",\"display_name\":\"Sven Solisch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115836809\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Susłow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115836811\",\"display_name\":\"Ewa Szczęsna\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210206754\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3650\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413888032" }, { "id": 606, "title": "Biochemical Insights into Diverse Psilocybe Mushrooms and Their Metabolites as Sources of Neuroactive Agents: A Review", "normalized_title": "biochemical insights into diverse psilocybe mushrooms and their metabolites as sources of neuroactive agents a review", "authors": "Sudhakaran G, Chakraborty S, Aung San, Bharti SAK, Csaba V, Valan Arasu M, Namasivayam SKR, Arockiaraj J.", "abstract": "Psilocybe species, commonly known as “magic mushrooms”, are a group of hallucinogenic fungi known for their psychoactive compounds such as psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin, and norbaeocystin. These species have been the focus of scientific study due to their potential therapeutic applications, despite their classification as controlled substances in many jurisdictions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of various Psilocybe mushrooms, highlighting their chemical compositions, genetic diversity, and therapeutic potential, particularly in the treatment of mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, addiction, and cluster headaches. By reviewing existing scientific literature, this review examines the pharmacological effects and therapeutic applications of Psilocybe mushrooms. The review includes novel contributions such as the identification of alternative pathways for psilocybin synthesis and taxonomic consolidations among Psilocybe species. It also explores the cultural context and traditional uses of these mushrooms. The findings indicate that Psilocybe mushrooms exhibit significant potential for therapeutic use in mental health treatment. The review also underscores the importance of ongoing research into the pharmacological properties of these mushrooms to better understand their effects and potential benefits. Despite their current legal status, Psilocybe mushrooms hold considerable promise for future therapeutic applications. There is a need for further investigation to fully explore their potential in medical and cultural contexts. This review sets a foundation for future research and drug development endeavors, advocating for a more nuanced understanding of these complex biological entities.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/AGR/IND609227368", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"IND609227368\",\"source\":\"AGR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 483, "title": "Psilocybin with psychotherapeutic support for treatment-resistant depression: a pilot clinical trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin with psychotherapeutic support for treatment resistant depression a pilot clinical trial", "authors": "Sally Meikle, Olivia Carter, Paul Liknaitzky, Lauren Johansen, Ravi Iyer, Nigel Strauss, M.L. Williams, David Castle, Susan L. Rossell", "abstract": "Background: Depressive disorders are a major global health challenge, with many individuals unresponsive to existing treatments. Novel psychedelic therapies show promise but require further research. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of psilocybin with psychotherapeutic support for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), investigate predictors of treatment outcomes and deepen understanding of individual variability in response. Design: Open-label, single-arm pilot trial with mixed-methods assessment. Methods: Treatment consisted of two 25 mg psilocybin sessions, alongside three preparatory and six integration sessions. Depression severity was assessed using the self-rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology at 3 weeks (primary endpoint) and at 20 weeks post-dose 2 (long-term follow-up). Potential predictors of clinical outcomes were evaluated using questionnaires, and qualitative interviews were used to capture individual experiences. Results: = 0.02; Hedges' g = -1.27; 95% CI [-2.40, -0.37]) and maintained long-term. Individual participant data revealed diverse response patterns. Two participants displayed a sustained treatment response, three relapsed, and two exhibited no substantial improvement. Exploratory analyses identified mindset prior to dosing, spiritual experiences and perceptual shifts during dosing as predictors of treatment trajectory, while treatment expectations were not a reliable predictor. Adverse events were largely consistent with previous studies, with no serious adverse events. Conclusion: Findings add to the growing evidence base for psilocybin therapy and provide direction for further research on individual variability in response to better tailor treatments and enhance efficacy. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621001097831).", "journal": "Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-08-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/20451253251377187", "pubmed_id": "41050149", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253251377187", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, MEDLINE, Pilot trial, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414745551\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414745551\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1480828298\",\"https://openalex.org/W1560134422\",\"https://openalex.org/W1730751745\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039518223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047503435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085758661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093627832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166423316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2253311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397862430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2429180991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537963806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766521428\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767725891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2777253753\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795594181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810880335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896003347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919124707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964840460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167074068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210887564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236206848\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289841582\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4368356691\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381598621\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387115576\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390674606\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391734876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391953134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401184397\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410132242\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033945101\",\"display_name\":\"Sally Meikle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-141X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060157509\",\"display_name\":\"Olivia Carter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-6154\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030212190\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Liknaitzky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-2263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029788824\",\"display_name\":\"Lauren Johansen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1180-0428\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066637196\",\"display_name\":\"Ravi Iyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7699-0846\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044554133\",\"display_name\":\"Nigel Strauss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010417984\",\"display_name\":\"M.L. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-3008\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052884442\",\"display_name\":\"David Castle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-1580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073606057\",\"display_name\":\"Susan L. Rossell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-8252\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2765027927\",\"source_display_name\":\"Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253251377187\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414745551" }, { "id": 557, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for treatment-resistant depression in the US: a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for treatment resistant depression in the us a model based cost effectiveness analysis", "authors": "Anton L.V. Avanceña, Linh N. Vuong, James G. Kahn, Elliot Marseille", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has been shown in early trials to reduce the symptoms of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PAT as a third-line treatment for major depressive disorder compared to standard of care (SOC). We used an individual-level, probabilistic simulation model that portrays representative US adults with TRD who receive SOC (pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy, and esketamine nasal spray) and PAT over 12 months. We assumed the total cost of PAT was $5000, which we varied in sensitivity analyses ($3000-20,000). We calculated total costs, health effects (in terms of quality-adjusted life years [QALYs] gained), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) from limited healthcare and societal perspectives. PAT leads to an additional 0.031 QALYs and $3639 costs compared to SOC over 12 months, giving an ICER of $117,517 per QALY gained from a limited healthcare perspective. Using a $150,000 cost-effectiveness threshold, PAT had a 75% probability of being the cost-effective choice, and it was associated with a lower expected loss than SOC ($301 vs. $1307). Results were sensitive to uncertainty in model parameters, particularly the cost of PAT. PAT had a 1% probability of being cost-effective when its overall costs were $10,000 and 95% when its costs were $3000. This cost-effectiveness analysis found that when its costs are $5000 or less, PAT may offer economic value compared to available TRD treatments. Future studies can explore ways to reduce the cost of PAT and to understand its long-term effectiveness in maintaining remission and reducing the risk of relapse.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-08-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-025-03556-4", "pubmed_id": "40883271", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03556-4", "keywords": "Medicine, Treatment-resistant depression, Quality-adjusted life year, Cost effectiveness, Depression (economics), Quality of life (healthcare), Cost-utility analysis, Cost-effectiveness analysis, Cost-benefit analysis, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Nursing, Biology, Macroeconomics, Cognition, Economics, Ecology, Risk analysis (engineering), Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413817374\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413817374\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":7,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970708247\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986111824\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996198481\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005180789\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014841928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039156670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047150120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063636797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081775967\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118707799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129106427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130587165\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166394031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2256478365\",\"https://openalex.org/W2302122362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2541285986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551536312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2787885435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792270412\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792698409\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802320676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804598038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810894650\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914902447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946080221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946661342\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948816951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952578240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2961020354\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973759191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978338010\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979128349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984280663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998434856\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008073826\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011083165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015092527\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093269897\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110634754\",\"https://openalex.org/W3114414169\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149986569\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152628277\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160306775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164632875\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171546624\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175374335\",\"https://openalex.org/W3206510151\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205208574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205900283\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206006624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214531716\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214556654\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225403218\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226062002\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283809381\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291721232\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296888858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298087471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384925625\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385396235\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386021334\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387473380\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388603987\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389392873\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405638624\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066710208\",\"display_name\":\"Anton L.V. Avanceña\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-870X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016155904\",\"display_name\":\"Linh N. Vuong\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052308665\",\"display_name\":\"James G. Kahn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1259-7233\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010247183\",\"display_name\":\"Elliot Marseille\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8518-1143\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03556-4\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413817374" }, { "id": 361, "title": "Investigating the safety and tolerability of single-dose psilocybin for post-traumatic stress disorder: A nonrandomized open-label clinical trial", "normalized_title": "investigating the safety and tolerability of single dose psilocybin for post traumatic stress disorder a nonrandomized open label clinical trial", "authors": "Niall M. McGowan, James Rucker, Rachel Yehuda, Manish Agrawal, Nadav Liam Modlin, Hollie Simmons, Agata Tofil-Kaluza, Shriya Das, Guy M. Goodwin", "abstract": "Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition for which there are few efficacious treatments. Psilocybin is being studied for use in treatment-resistant depression but has not yet been investigated in PTSD. Aims: The trial’s primary outcome was to investigate the safety and tolerability of single-dose psilocybin in participants with PTSD. Methods: This was a Phase 2, nonrandomized, open-label, multicenter trial. Secondary outcomes were changes in PTSD symptoms (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5); PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)), functional impairment (Sheehan Disability Scale; SDS) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L index score). Results: Amongst the 22 participants enrolled (63.6% female; mean (SD) age, 39.0 (7.91) years), there was a total of 117 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs); 70 (59.8%) were reported on administration day, of which 64/70 (91.4%) resolved by the end of the next day. TEAEs commonly included headache ( n = 11; 50.0%), nausea ( n = 8; 36.4%), crying ( n = 6; 27.3%) and fatigue ( n = 6; 27.3%). There were no serious TEAEs or TEAEs leading to study withdrawal. Pre-post comparisons indicated a clinically meaningful change from Baseline in mean CAPS-5 total score at Week 4 (−29.9 (14.06)) and Week 12 (−29.5 (15.43)), which was associated with the intensity of psychedelic experience on Day 1. PCL-5 scores showed symptom reduction was rapid and sustained until Week 12. SDS total score and EQ-5D-5L index score showed similar improvements. Conclusions: Psilocybin at a dose of 25 mg, administered with psychological support, may be safe, well-tolerated and associated with symptomatic improvement in adults with PTSD. Further investigation is warranted. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05312151 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05312151)", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-08-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251362390", "pubmed_id": "40883964", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251362390", "keywords": "Tolerability, Psilocybin, Open label, Traumatic stress, Psychology, Medicine, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Anesthesia, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Adverse effect, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413839750\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413839750\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":10,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W78677904\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976447964\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979826898\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057489037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132981258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473786944\",\"https://openalex.org/W2550807593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588077070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592166393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598895258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604674575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612417324\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766807714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899448494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912922214\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912959213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948678705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950709739\",\"https://openalex.org/W2961809588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970546318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991873828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993548698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994854287\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008102555\",\"https://openalex.org/W3041627357\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082872736\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125332567\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197569079\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211189621\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224257950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282919933\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292737458\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383186500\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386740988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390628394\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062136892\",\"display_name\":\"Niall M. McGowan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8183-8558\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088026153\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Yehuda\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-677X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037169539\",\"display_name\":\"Nadav Liam Modlin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119481589\",\"display_name\":\"Agata Tofil-Kaluza\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048446187\",\"display_name\":\"Shriya Das\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3988-6326\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251362390\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413839750" }, { "id": 558, "title": "Overview and Specificity of Psilocybin Use in the Treatment of Mental Disorders: A Scientometric Analysis.", "normalized_title": "overview and specificity of psilocybin use in the treatment of mental disorders a scientometric analysis", "authors": "Fernandes-Nascimento MH, Viana-Ferreira K, Negrão AB.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin is a natural alkaloid with therapeutic potential in the treatment of different mental disorders. Bibliometric information on its use is still scattered in the literature.ObjectiveTo investigate the temporal and bibliometric patterns of publications and the specificity of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders.MethodPerformed a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software. Documents from the period 1963 to 2023 were retrieved from the Scopus database. The search string comprised terms related to psilocybin and mental disorders. An exponential regression was performed to investigate the number of publications over time. The specificity was evaluated based on a manual analysis of the clinical trials' findings carried out with individuals diagnosed with mental disorders.ResultsWe identified 853 eligible publications. An exponential regression analysis revealed an increase in the number of publications over time, with significant growth between 2016 and 2023 (52%). Publications cover countries on five continents, but are predominantly from nations with a high Human Development Index, such as the United States and the United Kingdom. Depression was the most prominent term in keyword analysis. Meta-analyses have indicated the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of different mental disorders (depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders).ConclusionThe global academic panorama shows the growing recognition of psilocybin as a promising alternative in psychiatric treatment, highlighting the need for randomized clinical trials to ensure its safe and effective use.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2024.0031", "pubmed_id": "40933206", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2024.0031", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40933206\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3192, "title": "Psilocybin: Systematic review of its use in the treatment of depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin systematic review of its use in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Andres-Olivera P, de la Iglesia J, Dominguez-Alvarez E, Soto’Gonzalez P, Rodriguez C, Munaiz-Cossio C, Gonzalez-Bolaños R, Brito-Rey R, Marín-Lorenzo C, Arribas-Simon B.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12436869", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC12436869\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4314, "title": "“To Have the Encounter with Our Own Finiteness in that Existential Way”: Descriptions of Existential Experience in Patients with Cancer and Major Depression Participating in Psilocybin-Assisted Group Therapy", "normalized_title": "to have the encounter with our own finiteness in that existential way descriptions of existential experience in patients with cancer and major depression participating in psilocybin assisted group therapy", "authors": "Elise C. Tarbi, Skye A. Miner, Kabir Nigam, Zachary Sager, Justin J. Sanders, Michael Ljuslin, Benjamin Guérin, Kimberly Roddy, James A. Tulsky, Manish Agrawal, Yvan Beaussant", "abstract": "Background: Cancer poses an existential threat for patients and caregivers. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has emerged as a potential tool to meet these existential needs, yet little is known about how patients describe this element of their cancer journey, and how it might be affected by PAT, especially in the group therapy context. Purpose: To explore how patients with cancer and depression describe their existential journey through the experience of cancer and group PAT. Methods: Grounded in the Conceptual Model of Existential Experience in Adults with Advanced Cancer, this study is a qualitative analysis of existing data from semi-structured exit interviews with participants ( n = 28) of the psilocybin trial, “The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Cancer Patients with Major Depressive Disorder” (NCT04593563). This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach paired with template analysis to analyze interview transcripts. Results: Our analysis revealed three overarching themes: (1) Participants described cancer prompting a deepened lived understanding of their mortality, as well as a re-prioritization of their attention, relationships, and efforts; (2) Therapeutic intentions for participating in the PAT trial went beyond relief of depression and extended to gaining a new perspective toward existential worries and building spiritual resources; (3) Participants described the lasting effects of PAT as a healing, unfolding transformation, noting an enhanced sense of meaning, agency, aliveness, and connectedness. Discussion: Our findings provide important insights into the existential experiences of people with cancer and depression, as well as the potential role of PAT, in a novel group therapy context, in addressing existential suffering and fostering personal growth.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-08-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251370303", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251370303", "keywords": "Existentialism, Psychotherapist, Cancer, Psychology, Perspective (graphical), Grounded theory, Qualitative research, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Clinical psychology, Group psychotherapy, Meaning (existential), Psychiatry, Disease, Depressive symptoms, Qualitative analysis, Lived experience, Hermeneutics, Medicine, Intervention (counseling), Qualitative property, Clinical trial, Descriptive statistics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414955208\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414955208\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W79229537\",\"https://openalex.org/W140271714\",\"https://openalex.org/W1513859721\",\"https://openalex.org/W1891188267\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043673361\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060831503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066061643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068374682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072384652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121824844\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122328334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125531802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133094746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138664283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145853206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158106196\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159165123\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166928505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166934228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2524597629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582406074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585294071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605759386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735924837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889204985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896551863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904473517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924682096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942349161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978054736\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3020531320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084639663\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163199090\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196833323\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197981896\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210030168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200517619\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205553396\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207017214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207020267\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254202988\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282972140\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294884042\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313201591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386494423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393278287\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401554225\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405599715\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955623\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407174917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408185841\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017118759\",\"display_name\":\"Elise C. Tarbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-6632\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076256339\",\"display_name\":\"Skye A. Miner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-2440\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053570913\",\"display_name\":\"Kabir Nigam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-0079\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064982845\",\"display_name\":\"Zachary Sager\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-9582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063712330\",\"display_name\":\"Justin J. Sanders\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8928-4051\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071091088\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Ljuslin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-1749\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052182950\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Guérin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-7874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093431923\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Roddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014360467\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Tulsky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0453\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063328366\",\"display_name\":\"Yvan Beaussant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-6736\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251370303\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414955208" }, { "id": 416, "title": "Above the threshold, beyond the trip: the role of the 5-HT2A receptor in psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity and antidepressant effects.", "normalized_title": "above the threshold beyond the trip the role of the 5 ht2a receptor in psychedelic induced neuroplasticity and antidepressant effects", "authors": "Drewko AJ, Habets RLP, Brunt TM.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics, including the recreationally used psilocybin and LSD, have become promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of treatment-resistant depression. While it is generally agreed that they exhibit their antidepressant effects by inducing rapid and sustained neuroplasticity, the molecular mechanisms responsible are widely debated. In particular, the role of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, known to mediate the hallucinogenic effects of psychedelics, is under scrutiny. However, many studies remain in conflict on whether action at the receptor is also required for neuroplastic effects. In this narrative review, we examine the available evidence for the involvement of the 5-HT2A receptor in neuroplasticity induction and the possibly antidepressant effects of psychedelics. Firstly, we review the role of decreased neuroplasticity in depression, the evidence for dendrito-, spino- and synaptogenesis promotion by psychedelics, and for its possible regional selectivity. We then discuss the current knowledge on psychedelic action at the 5-HT2A receptor, including its role in promoting hallucinogenic effects. Finally, we critically assess the studies testing the necessity for 5-HT2A signalling for neuroplastic effects and present a model of molecular mechanisms responsible for psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-025-03169-9", "pubmed_id": "40849544", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03169-9", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Neuronal Plasticity, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40849544\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 560, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy, Positive Emotional Experiences, and the Central Role of Self-Compassion", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy positive emotional experiences and the central role of self compassion", "authors": "Zeifman R, Danias G, Agin-Liebes G, Pagni B, Kettner H, Bhat V, Ross S, Erritzoe D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Abstract Background: Psychedelics can acutely induce mystical experiences and elevated positive mood, which may contribute to the potential benefits of psychedelic therapy. However, there remains limited understanding of the occurrence and importance of specific positive emotional experiences within psychedelic therapy. Therefore, we examined the effects of psychedelics on positive emotional experiences and their association with improvements in mental health. Methods: Study 1 was an observational study of naturalistic psychedelic use. Study 2 used data from a clinical trial that compared psilocybin with escitalopram in individuals with major depressive disorder. In this trial, participants completed two dosing sessions, where they received either 25mg or 1mg of psilocybin. In both studies, following their psychedelic experience or psilocybin dosing sessions, participants rated their acute experiences of seven specific positive emotional experiences (self-compassion, compassion toward others, gratitude, love, awe, ecstasy, and peace). Results: Relative to low-dose psychedelic, medium and high-dose psychedelic use were associated with greater positive emotional experiences. Relative to 1mg psilocybin, 25mg psilocybin was associated with greater positive emotional experiences. Several positive emotional experiences predicted improvements in mental health and mediated treatment outcomes, with the strongest evidence for the effect of self-compassion (over and above mystical experience and positive mood). Discussion: Positive emotional experiences, especially self-compassion, appear to play an important role within psychedelic therapy. Based on these findings, we highlight key considerations surrounding psychotherapeutic approaches to, and optimization of, psychedelic therapy. Future research should move beyond retrospective, self-reports of emotional experiences to fully capture their role within psychedelic therapy.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2025-08-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-7420529/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7420529/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1071953\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 430, "title": "Chronic psilocybin administration increases sociability and alters the gut microbiome in male wild-type mice but not in a preclinical model of obsessive-compulsive disorder", "normalized_title": "chronic psilocybin administration increases sociability and alters the gut microbiome in male wild type mice but not in a preclinical model of obsessive compulsive disorder", "authors": "James J Gattuso, Geraldine Kong, Bilgenur Bezcioglu, Da Lu, Millicent N. Ekwudo, Carey Wilson, Carolina Gubert, Anthony J. Hannan, Thibault Renoir", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonergic compound that produces psychedelic effects primarily through activation of the 5-HT2A receptor, has shown promise in treating neuropsychiatric conditions, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the effects of chronic psilocybin administration on gut function, microbiota, and behavioural phenotypes remain understudied. The present study investigated the impact of chronic psilocybin (0.1 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, oral gavage) on gut and behavioural measures in wild-type (WT) and SAPAP3 knockout (KO) mice, a model of OCD-like phenotypes. We present novel evidence that SAPAP3 KO mice exhibit social deficits, and that chronic psilocybin increases sociability in male WT mice. Although no therapeutic effects were observed at either dose on anxiety-, compulsive-, or depressive-like behaviour, chronic psilocybin also did not induce psychosis-like behaviours. A dose-dependent effect of psilocybin was observed on gut motility. While chronic administration did not significantly affect overall gut microbiome diversity, reductions in Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus animalis and Alistipes dispar were observed in male WT, but not female, mice. Integrative analysis revealed that a microbial cluster, comprising Lactobacillus and Alistipes species, correlated with locomotion, head twitch response and gut motility, effectively differentiating psilocybin-treated mice from vehicle controls. This suggests a potential host-microbiome feedback mechanism regulating host serotonin signalling, linked to central and peripheral 5-HT2A receptor activation. Additionally, separate microbial clusters were associated with startle response and sociability, indicating that psilocybin may engage distinct neural pathways to mediate these behaviours. These findings highlight the importance of considering the microbiome and sex in future psychedelic research and open new avenues for exploring the microbiota-gut-brain axis as a target for future therapeutic strategies.", "journal": "Neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-08-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110648", "pubmed_id": "40849086", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110648", "keywords": "Gut microbiome, Psilocybin, Microbiome, Psychology, Obsessive compulsive, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Biology, Bioinformatics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Tryptophan and brain disorders, Gut microbiota and health", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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J Gattuso\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-8728\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015446722\",\"display_name\":\"Geraldine Kong\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9277-8650\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119340227\",\"display_name\":\"Bilgenur Bezcioglu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5736-1241\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Da Lu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0766-8911\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072645760\",\"display_name\":\"Millicent N. Ekwudo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6270-6573\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019635231\",\"display_name\":\"Carey Wilson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2222-9714\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047853418\",\"display_name\":\"Carolina Gubert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8078-1390\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052976583\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony J. Hannan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-8922\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006545419\",\"display_name\":\"Thibault Renoir\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9262-3971\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S160566677\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110648\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Microbiome", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413389430" }, { "id": 3557, "title": "Effect of Psilocybin on the Positive Valence System in Treatment-resistant Depression: a Pilot Clinical Neuroimaging Study", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin on the positive valence system in treatment resistant depression a pilot clinical neuroimaging study", "authors": "Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes", "abstract": "The study hypothesis is that the antidepressant effect of psilocybin is mediated by a normalization of the functioning of the positive valence system. Depressive states, especially moderate to severe depressions that associate a certain level of anhedonia, produce an overvaluation of the cost of efforts and an infra-evaluation of the possible rewards derived from an action. Psilocybin would reduce anhedonia and the cost of efforts, facilitating the anticipation of reward. Thus, the antidepressant effect of psilocybin would be mediated by a greater anticipation of rewards (reduction of anhedonia) and a more optimistic estimation of the results of efforts (increase in motivation). Psilocybin-induced changes in the positive valence system will be observable on brain MRI images, particularly in the effort evaluation circuits: basolateral amygdala, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, ventral pallidum, ventral striatum (VS), ventral tegmental area (VTA). The mesolimbic circuit (VS, VTA) is the anatomical substrate of anticipation of rewarding stimuli (food, sex, drugs). The amygdala also fulfills an associative function between environmental cues and rewarding stimuli. Structural and functional alterations in this circuit are associated with depressive symptoms such as anhedonia or distortions in the perception and memories of rewards. This hypothesis will be tested on a population of patients with moderate or severe depressive symptoms who meet the criteria for TRD. Depressive disorders are strongly associated with suicide risk and are the leading cause of disability in the world. Psilocybin is a natural alkaloid with psychedelic and hallucinogenic effects, produced by its active metabolite: psilocin. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of research aimed at using psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, and in particular depression, combined or not with various psychotherapeutic programs. Psilocybin-assisted therapy is effective in treating cancer-associated depression and resistant depression. The Federal Drug Administration (FDA) has designated it as a \"Breakthrough Therapy\" in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Most researchers consider that the antidepressant effects of psilocybin are associated with the activation of the serotonin 5-HT2a receptor, with acute neuromodulation effects that modify the connectivity of cortico-striatal loops, but the mechanisms supporting this effect are unknown. The purpose of this study is to verify whether the antidepressant action of psilocybin is associated with an activation of the brain areas involved in the positive valence system, by comparing the activity of the neural circuits responsible for the evaluation of effort before and after taking psilocybin. The correlations between the activation of brain areas and the depression severity, behavioral activation and anhedonia scores will help establish a link with the response to treatment. Finally, the study authors wish to test the feasibility of a study with psilocybin in a French clinical population.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-08-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06650800", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Hallucinogens, Reinforcement, Psychology, Psilocybin, MRI, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06650800\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 459, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, combined antipsychotic and antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression, duration of birth control pill use and risk of depression, handgrip strength and cognitive function, mood disorders in epilepsy, and mental health issues among physicians.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy combined antipsychotic and antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression duration of birth control pill use and risk of depression handgrip strength and cognitive function mood disorders in epilepsy and mental health issues among physicians", "authors": "Koenig HG.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/00912174251369880", "pubmed_id": "40833259", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251369880", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40833259\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3466, "title": "A Phase II, Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Controlled Study to Investigate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Efficacy of COMP360 in Participants With Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "a phase ii multicentre randomised double blind controlled study to investigate the safety tolerability pharmacokinetics and efficacy of comp360 in participants with recurrent major depressive disorder", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "Safety, Tolerability, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of a single administration of COMP360 in participants with recurrent Major Depressive Disorder. This is a phase II, multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, controlled study. The study population will include participants aged ≥18 years with recurrent Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) with up to four prior treatment failures of an antidepressant in their current depressive episode. Overall, 102 participants will be randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive COMP360 25 mg, COMP360 10mg or COMP360 1 mg. In this study the aim is to investigate the safety and tolerability of COMP360, administered with psychological support, in adult participants with MDD with one prior treatment failure. In addition, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of COMP360 will be investigated. The study will last up to 16 weeks including a three- to ten-week Screening Period and a six-week follow-up from investigational product (IP) administration.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-08-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05733546", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, COMP360, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05733546\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 563, "title": "Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Ketamine and Psilocybin in Comparison to Current Treatment Regimens for Treatment-Resistant Depression, Mood Disorders, and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in the Pediatric Population: A Narrative Review.", "normalized_title": "exploring the therapeutic potential of ketamine and psilocybin in comparison to current treatment regimens for treatment resistant depression mood disorders and post traumatic stress disorder in the pediatric population a narrative review", "authors": "Hughes B, Mirza S, Ponamala M, Sagaser J, Paredes R, Hematillake N, Tailor C, Khan R, Pemminati S.", "abstract": "The stresses of the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the burden of psychiatric disorders within the pediatric population, revealing a pre-existing need for rapid-onset therapies that have since driven efforts to expand effective therapeutic interventions. In this narrative review, we utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to direct our report and study selection. We explored the current-state efficacy and therapeutic potential of ketamine and psilocybin in comparison to current treatment regimens for pediatric non-psychotic disorders, including Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD), mood disorders like anxiety and bipolar disorder, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). We chose these pediatric disorders to eliminate concerns regarding reality orientation and the use of dissociative and/or psychedelic medicines in patients who are experiencing symptoms of psychosis. Also, we briefly discuss ketamine's more widely accepted utilization by medical providers as a pediatric anesthetic, and how this gives credence to further evaluation of ketamine's multifaceted indications in pediatric psychiatry. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of glutamate pathways in the pathophysiology of TRD, mood disorders, and PTSD, and both ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and psilocybin, a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (5-HT2A) agonist, have emerged as promising options due to their ability to augment glutamate release. Ketamine's use for pediatric TRD demonstrated rapid-onset relief for signs and symptoms of depression in children and adolescents, and psilocybin also decreased symptoms in patients with longstanding or refractory depression. Ketamine has been well tolerated and exhibited symptom improvements for youth with mood disorders such as anxiety and bipolar depression, while psilocybin showed promise in fostering emotional processing. In youth suffering from PTSD, ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) brought about decreases in PTSD symptom severity, though outcomes varied across populations. Psilocybin enhanced neural plasticity, allowing patients to revisit and reframe memories under therapeutic guidance, especially for those with complex or treatment-resistant PTSD. Ethical considerations are involved in the use of dissociative and hallucinogenic therapies like ketamine and psilocybin in the pediatric population, and we explore some ethical issues regarding their use. Further research exploring specific brain locations and mechanisms of action underlying glutamate modulation by ketamine and psilocybin, and the subsequent rapid-acting relief of psychiatric symptoms offered by these substances, could pave the way for innovative treatments targeting pediatric mental health disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.90425", "pubmed_id": "40970030", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.90425", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40970030\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Adolescents,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3070, "title": "Psilocybin treatment for symptoms of depression: a living systematic review, meta-analysis, and data resource", "normalized_title": "psilocybin treatment for symptoms of depression a living systematic review meta analysis and data resource", "authors": "Singleton SP, Sevchik BL, Lahey A, Cuijpers P, Harrer M, Jones MT, Nayak SM, Strain EC, Vandekar SN, Dworkin RH, Scott JC, Satterthwaite TD.", "abstract": "Importance Depression is a major cause of disability worldwide, motivating substantial interest in psilocybin as a potential treatment. Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of psilocybin’s impact on depressive symptoms and provide a living open data resource. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO retrieved by a systematic search up to July 1, 2025. Study Selection We included randomized controlled trials of psilocybin or psilocybin-assisted therapy compared against a placebo or waitlist condition. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data extraction was completed independently by two extractors. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to synthesize data. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane’s RoB 2.0 tool. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was the standardized mean difference (Hedges’ g ) in depression scores at the primary study endpoint. Results Twelve studies comprising 711 participants were included in the database, with nine of those studies (n = 529) included in our primary model. Of the nine studies included in the primary model, two had a high risk of bias, four had some concerns, while three had a low risk of bias. Compared to control conditions, psilocybin showed a greater reduction in depression scores, with a pooled Hedges’ g = -0.91 (95% CI, [-1.35; -0.48]; k = 9; p = 0.0013, I2 = 58.1%, tau 2 = 0.13, n = 501). Sensitivity analyses revealed robust effects consistent with the primary model across a variety of design parameters and analysis choices, while also suggesting that waitlist control and crossover design studies contribute a large amount of heterogeneity to the primary model. Meta-regression revealed that psilocybin’s effects were rapid and consistent over several weeks (intercept = -0.92 [-1.26; -0.58], p < 0.0001; slope = 0.0009 [-0.0023; 0.0041], p = 0.57). Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that psilocybin-assisted therapy results in substantial decreases in depressive symptoms across studies to date. However, many studies have small sample sizes or risk of bias. This living systematic review, meta-analysis, database, and online dashboard will continue to be updated as evidence emerges, providing a valuable resource for researchers in a rapidly evolving field. Key Points Question What is the efficacy of psilocybin or psilocybin-assisted therapy for depressive symptoms? Findings In this living systematic review and meta-analysis, the initial evidence suggests that psilocybin is more effective in reducing depression symptoms compared to control conditions. Our publicly released database and interactive dashboard contains over 200 effect sizes from 12 randomized clinical trials testing psilocybin’s impacts on depression and will be updated regularly to keep pace with this rapidly moving field. Meaning The current evidence suggests promise for psilocybin therapy for depression, though more studies are needed.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-08-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.08.13.25333530", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.13.25333530", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1068501\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 519, "title": "Therapeutic Divergence in 5-HT2A Agonism: Psilocybin and Phenalkylamines for Demoralization Syndrome.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic divergence in 5 ht2a agonism psilocybin and phenalkylamines for demoralization syndrome", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "Novel phenalkylamines and tryptamines such as psilocybin demonstrate promising nontraditional pharmacological profiles for treating psychiatric syndromes. Structural modifications yield functional selectivity at 5-HT receptors, mitigating hallucinogenic risk while preserving therapeutic efficacy. This study integrates receptor and behavioral data to support phenalkylamines and psilocybin as rational therapeutics for demoralization syndrome and depression-related conditions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00475", "pubmed_id": "40959252", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00475", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40959252\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 530, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depression and anxiety associated with life threatening illness: A phase 2b randomized controlled trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression and anxiety associated with life threatening illness a phase 2b randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Margaret Ross, Ravi Iyer, M.L. Williams, Mark Boughey, Clare O’Callaghan, Richard Hiscock, Justin Dwyer", "abstract": "IMPORTANCE: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy may offer a novel approach to treating depression, anxiety, and existential distress in individuals with life threatening illnesses, where current treatments show limited efficacy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy versus active placebo and psychotherapy in adults with life-threatening illnesses. DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized controlled phase 2b trial (RCT) with an open-label extension and 6-month follow-up (January 2020 - October 2023). SETTING: Single-site study at a tertiary hospital's palliative care department (St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne affiliated with the University of Melbourne). PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 18-80 with a life-threatening illness and clinically significant depression and/or anxiety. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized to receive 25 mg psilocybin or 100 mg niacin (active placebo), alongside three preparatory psychotherapy and six post-dose integration psychotherapy sessions. After 6-7 weeks post double blind dose, all participants received 25 mg psilocybin in an open-label extension, enabling a two dose versus one dose group comparator. Participants were followed up to 26 weeks post open label dose. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcome was change in depression and anxiety symptoms, assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), from baseline to 6-7 weeks post-dose. Key secondary outcomes included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - State version (STAI-S), which provided complementary, dimensional measures of depression and anxiety over the same time period. Additional secondary outcomes included Death Attitudes Profile, WHOQOL-BREF, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Trait scale), Mystical Experiences Questionnaire, and Persisting Effects Questionnaire. Exploratory outcomes included spiritual well-being, hopelessness, demoralization, and HADS-Trait scores. RESULTS: Thirty-five participants (mean age 56.0; 54.3 % female) were randomized (psilocybin: n = 17; placebo: n = 18). At 6-7 weeks, psilocybin produced significantly greater reductions in HADS depression (B = -2.49; P =.02; d = 1.12), BDI-II (B = -7.56; P =.004; d = 2.97), and STAI-State anxiety (B = -12.59; P =.005; d = 4.51) compared to placebo. Benefits were sustained at 26 weeks. Exploratory outcomes demonstrated enhanced spiritual well-being, quality of life, and significant reductions in demoralization, death anxiety and hopelessness. No serious treatment-emergent adverse events occurred. Psilocybin was associated with more mild-to-moderate adverse events. One participant withdrew due to anxiety during dosing. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy appears safe and may offer durable relief from depression and anxiety in individuals with a life-threatening illness.", "journal": "General Hospital Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-08-11", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.08.001", "pubmed_id": "40858059", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.08.001", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413190735\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W362134011\",\"https://openalex.org/W1201749067\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966158258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973763578\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976139656\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981066923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020401373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027521838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050729893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091131778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137699706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144458512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149564130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155116701\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169423683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186868318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744073746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896126560\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914765137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080413193\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251745849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298863066\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380151127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409987891\",\"https://openalex.org/W6634064335\",\"https://openalex.org/W6768352301\",\"https://openalex.org/W6880021014\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101561809\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret Ross\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031895165\",\"display_name\":\"Ravi Iyer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010417984\",\"display_name\":\"M.L. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-3008\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026860370\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Boughey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068658663\",\"display_name\":\"Clare O’Callaghan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-2781\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065396072\",\"display_name\":\"Richard Hiscock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5375-041X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008902505\",\"display_name\":\"Justin Dwyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6922-6508\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S45708651\",\"source_display_name\":\"General Hospital Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.08.001\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413190735" }, { "id": 567, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: Potential Benefits and Challenges in Mental Health Treatment.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy potential benefits and challenges in mental health treatment", "authors": "Silczuk A, Madejek RJ, Koweszko T, Mularczyk-Tomczewska P, Adamska E, Gujski M, Szulc A.", "abstract": "Psychedelics, derived from the Greek words \"psyche\" (soul) and \"deloun\" (revealing), are substances historically and currently considered \"soul-revealing\". Also termed hallucinogens due to their impact on sensory perception, they are further categorized into hallucinogens, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and mescaline; entactogens or empathogens, such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA); and dissociatives, such as phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine. The concept of using these substances to enhance psychotherapy emerged in the 1940s, leading to the first wave of psychedelic research, which yielded promising initial results. Following a period of restricted research, modern investigations began anew around 20 years ago. In this review, we analyze the last 10 years of research, exploring the potential of psychedelics in psychotherapy. Current evidence reveals that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy remains an experimental approach. While preliminary studies suggest potential therapeutic benefits in treating various conditions, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and substance use disorders, a definitive assessment of efficacy and safety is hampered by the scarcity of large-scale, rigorous clinical trials. Psychedilics should rather be viewed as integral components of broader therapeutic frameworks than as standalone treatment. The unique mechanisms of psychedelics, notably their effect on neuroplasticity, hint at the potential to address treatment gaps in patients unresponsive to conventional methods. However, this potential requires validation through larger, more rigorously designed studies. Future research must prioritize high-quality, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials encompassing diverse populations to produce reliable, generalizable findings and ensure responsible clinical implementation. The aim of this article is to review the current status of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.12659/msm.948302", "pubmed_id": "40781763", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.948302", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40781763\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4317, "title": "The psychedelic renaissance: psilocybin, a breakthrough for treatment resistant depression?", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic renaissance psilocybin a breakthrough for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Trevor R. Norman", "abstract": "Treatment resistant depression (TRD) is frequently encountered in clinical practice. The lack of response of the condition to conventional medications and augmentation strategies has spawned the search for novel treatment approaches. Psychedelic medications used in conjunction with intensive psychotherapy, so-called psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), have been evaluated in a limited number of studies as an alternative tactic. This psychedelic renaissance has seen psilocybin, a naturally occurring, potentially hallucinogenic substance occurring in some species of mushrooms, used as one exemplar. The definition of “treatment resistance” varies between different authorities, but there is general agreement that a minimum standard is failure to respond to at least two pharmacological agents from different classes used at a therapeutic dose for an adequate length of time. In the studies to date, more stringent definitions have mostly been applied. Each of the clinical evaluations finds that the addition of a single dose of psilocybin to the psychotherapeutic regimen produces a rapid and clinically significant decline in depressive symptomatology, which is mostly retained in follow-up evaluations out to 12 weeks or longer. Psilocybin was well tolerated with mostly mild to moderate side effects of elevated blood pressure, fatigue, lack of concentration, headache, lethargy, vertigo, feeling of physical or emotional weakness, decreased appetite, nausea, feeling dull, and being easily exhausted, which were transient. Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) has occasionally been reported, while there were few reports of suicidal ideation and behaviour. Psilocybin appears to offer the promise of rapid alleviation of resistant depressive symptoms, but further controlled evaluations are necessary before the drug can be given routinely.", "journal": "Exploration of neuroscience", "publication_date": "2025-08-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.37349/en.2025.1006105", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.37349/en.2025.1006105", "keywords": "Psilocybin, The Renaissance, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapist, Art, Psychiatry, Art history, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413121359\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413121359\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1762787217\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013374926\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019004642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045988021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067314968\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070828096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079106221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089609670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106188235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114629758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153594880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407151076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413044490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461733912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2516931522\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552761136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2595255406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2607000919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790481213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790698047\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796957480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962723566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981209825\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113337956\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210183659\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214488648\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385230722\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387674199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893679\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389793820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485036\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392888270\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393253405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393359395\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398774731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399650907\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402500386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404731501\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405376152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"https://openalex.org/W6637860810\",\"https://openalex.org/W6713506532\",\"https://openalex.org/W6715497939\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020676517\",\"display_name\":\"Trevor R. Norman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2903-7096\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393919737\",\"source_display_name\":\"Exploration of neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.37349/en.2025.1006105\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Headache / Migraine,Emotional Processing,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413121359" }, { "id": 571, "title": "Improved mental health outcomes and normalised spontaneous EEG activity in veterans reporting a history of traumatic brain injuries following participation in a psilocybin retreat", "normalized_title": "improved mental health outcomes and normalised spontaneous eeg activity in veterans reporting a history of traumatic brain injuries following participation in a psilocybin retreat", "authors": "Grace Blest-Hopley, Giuseppe Pasculli, Simon Ruffell, WaiFung Tsang, Olateju Emmanuel, Kathryn M. Pate, Hannes Kettner, Leor Roseman, David Erritzøe, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "Introduction: Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, has shown therapeutic potential in treating mental health disorders by, amongst the many effects, promoting neuroplasticity and reorganising functional connectivity across cortical and subcortical networks involved in emotion and cognition. Veterans with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) often experience chronic neurological and psychological symptoms such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. This study investigates the effects of psilocybin administered in retreat settings on veterans with a history of TBI, focusing on mental health outcomes and changes in brain connectivity as measured by EEG. Methods: A total of 21 participants were recruited through the Heroic Hearts Project, which facilitated access to two six-day psilocybin retreats in Jamaica. Before the retreat, participants underwent three individual and three group coaching sessions to prepare for the experience. During the retreat, two psilocybin ceremonies were held, spaced 48 hours apart. Participants received an initial dose of 1.5g to 3.5g of dried psilocybin mushrooms, with the option to increase the second dose up to 5g. Psilocybin was administered in a tea format, under the supervision of experienced facilitators. Psychological outcomes were assessed using validated questionnaires (PCL-5, PHQ-9, STAI) at baseline (four weeks pre-retreat) and four weeks post-retreat. Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to measure brainwave activity pre- and post-treatment. Paired t-tests were used to analyze changes in psychological scores, while EEG frequency band analysis assessed changes in brain function and connectivity. Results: Improvements were observed across several mental health measures: PTSD (PCL-5 scores decreased by 50%, p=0.010), depression (PHQ-9 scores decreased by 65%, p", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-08-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1594307", "pubmed_id": "40842948", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1594307", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Electroencephalography, Mental health, Psychiatry, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Sertraline, Depression (economics), Medicine, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413002573\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413002573\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1677040403\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973239695\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985227285\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997585238\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999257689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011595299\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014445859\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024014699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028767115\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045299566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045524453\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048939758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053601856\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055833846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098330912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103995565\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126847995\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137368645\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138241145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146540123\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171104921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2180760675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2253155352\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266543467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461807691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473480129\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582621819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768878216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895529315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897560474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945186004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972197201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994142040\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3002290290\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012568535\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124800038\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135111051\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184845084\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210332402\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220938183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281783813\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281899151\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4284665615\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288447327\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288709727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620578\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320487021\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366551184\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386529973\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386861633\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389435230\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389613903\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390589662\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391844931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391970820\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399804893\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400907349\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402316337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406403059\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408808337\",\"https://openalex.org/W6637207747\",\"https://openalex.org/W6861740679\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011532196\",\"display_name\":\"Grace Blest-Hopley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3192-2433\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078075375\",\"display_name\":\"Giuseppe Pasculli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0499-2292\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081719098\",\"display_name\":\"Simon Ruffell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089773320\",\"display_name\":\"WaiFung Tsang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119226830\",\"display_name\":\"Olateju Emmanuel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119226831\",\"display_name\":\"Kathryn M. Pate\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1594307\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Emotional Processing,Veterans,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413002573" }, { "id": 574, "title": "Neurobiology of psilocybin: a comprehensive overview and comparative analysis of experimental models", "normalized_title": "neurobiology of psilocybin a comprehensive overview and comparative analysis of experimental models", "authors": "Dotun Adeleye Adeyinka, Dayna Forsyth, Suzanne Currie, Nicoletta Faraone", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a compound found in Psilocybe mushrooms, is emerging as a promising treatment for neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder. Its potential therapeutic effects stem from promoting neuroprotection, neurogenesis, and neuroplasticity, key factors in brain health. Psilocybin could help combat mild neurodegeneration by increasing synaptic density and supporting neuronal growth. With low risk for addiction and adverse effects, it presents a safe option for long-term use, setting it apart from traditional treatments. Despite their relatively simpler neuronal networks, studies using animal models, such as Drosophila and fish, have provided essential insights on the efficacy and mechanism of action of psilocybin. These models provide foundational information that guides more focused investigations, facilitating high-throughput screening, enabling researchers to quickly explore the compound’s effects on neural development, behavior, and underlying genetic pathways. While mammalian models are indispensable for comprehensive studies on psilocybin’s pharmacokinetics and its nuanced interactions within the complex nervous systems, small non-mammalian models remain valuable for identifying promising targets and mechanisms at early research stages. Together, these animal systems offer a complementary approach to drive rapid hypothesis generation to refine our understanding of psilocybin as a candidate for not only halting but potentially reversing neurodegenerative processes. This integrative strategy highlights the transformative potential of psilocybin in addressing neurodegenerative disorders, leveraging both small and mammalian models to achieve translational research success.", "journal": "Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2025-08-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3389/fnsys.2025.1585367", "pubmed_id": "40894380", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2025.1585367", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Cognitive science, Computer science, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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Adeleye Adeyinka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7065-4830\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Dayna Forsyth\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091764470\",\"display_name\":\"Suzanne Currie\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-7200\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025284474\",\"display_name\":\"Nicoletta Faraone\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9246-3672\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S97434221\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2025.1585367\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Animal Study,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413969371" }, { "id": 531, "title": "A dose of therapy with psilocybin - A meta-analysis of the relationship between the amount of therapy hours and treatment outcomes in psychedelic-assisted therapy.", "normalized_title": "a dose of therapy with psilocybin a meta analysis of the relationship between the amount of therapy hours and treatment outcomes in psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "Hultgren J, Hafsteinsson MH, Brulin JG.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has shown promising effects in treating depressive symptoms, but the role of the therapeutic component remains unclear. While most research has focused on the pharmacological effects of psilocybin, the contribution of therapy has been largely overlooked.ObjectiveThis meta-analysis investigated whether the amount of therapy hours provided is associated with treatment outcomes in psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed and PsycINFO yielded 1095 records. Sixteen studies met inclusion criteria, providing sufficient data for analysis. A meta-regression was conducted to assess the relationship between therapy hours and treatment outcomes.ResultsThe overall treatment effect was large both in the short-term (Cohen's d = 1.69) and long-term follow-up (Cohen's d = 2.10). However, no significant association was found between the number of therapy hours and outcome in either the short-term (b = -0.05, p =.327) or long-term (b = -0.07, p =.340) analyses. All of the included studies provided some degree of therapy (4.5-18 h).ConclusionsOur findings did not support that the amount of therapy hours influence depressive outcomes in PAT. However, this interpretation should be made with caution due to small sample sizes, heterogeneity, and poor reporting of the therapeutic component across studies. Future research should apply greater methodological rigor and standardized reporting of therapy to clarify its role in PAT.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-08-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.07.020", "pubmed_id": "40782561", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.07.020", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Duration of Therapy, Outcome Assessment, Health Care", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40782561\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4319, "title": "Response to emotional stimuli weaker in SSRI users compared with psilocybin", "normalized_title": "response to emotional stimuli weaker in ssri users compared with psilocybin", "authors": "", "abstract": "Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants has been associated with reduced intensity of emotional experience. Conversely, some research has shown that use of psilocybin in patients with depression leads to an increase in responsiveness to emotional face stimuli, suggesting that the psychedelic generates a transient elevation in mood. Investigators conducted a randomized, double-blind trial comparing the effects of psilocybin and escitalopram on brain responsiveness in patients with depression. Participants, adults aged 18 to 80 with moderate to severe depression, were randomized into two groups. In the first, participants received escitalopram 10 mg/day for 3 weeks, which was then increased to 20 mg/day for another 3 weeks. In the second group, participants received placebo for 6 weeks. Prior to initiating escitalopram or placebo, the escitalopram group was administered a dose of psilocybin 1 mg (a sham dosage) and the placebo group received psilocybin 25 mg. The same psilocybin doses were administered to each group 3 weeks later. Both groups received psychological support during the study period. The primary clinical outcome was the score on the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. Participants also underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at baseline and after 6 weeks of escitalopram/placebo treatment, with testing of their responses to facial expressions depicting fear, happiness and a neutral emotion. A total of 45 participants completed the fMRI screenings. Clinical findings indicated a greater reduction in depressive symptoms in the psilocybin group, based on scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. Participant responses to emotional faces were significantly reduced in the escitalopram group, but remained stable or increased slightly in the psilocybin group. Results suggested that higher emotional function after psilocybin therapy was associated with greater improvement in depressive symptoms. “This study's findings lend support to the view that psilocybin therapy and SSRIs have distinct therapeutic mechanisms of action,” the authors wrote. [Wall, W., et al. (2025). American Journal of Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230751]", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2025-08-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31349", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31349", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Neuroscience, Cognitive psychology, Audiology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412941980\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412941980\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31349\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412941980" }, { "id": 575, "title": "Therapeutic and legal aspects of psilocybin in cancer-related depression", "normalized_title": "therapeutic and legal aspects of psilocybin in cancer related depression", "authors": "Małgorzata Wierzbicka, Renata Kopczyk, Aleksandra Gerlach, Joanna Rymaszewska", "abstract": "Depression prevalence is markedly elevated in oncological patients, particularly among head and neck cancer (HNC) cohorts, who face twice the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to other cancer populations. MDD in this context independently predicts poorer clinical outcomes and increased morbidity. HNC management often involves acute surgical interventions with disfiguring effects, creating a narrow therapeutic window for conventional antidepressants requiring weeks to achieve efficacy. Psychological interventions face similar time constraints, complicating perioperative mental health support. Psilocybin - metabolized to psilocin - modulates serotonin (5-HT2A) and dopamine receptors, demonstrating rapid antidepressant effects within hours rather than weeks. Clinical trials validate its superiority over escitalopram in MDD treatment and efficacy in PTSD and treatment-resistant depression. Despite these benefits, no studies explore perioperative applications in HNC patients. Psilocybin lacks international scheduling under UN conventions, permitting variable national policies: Australia - MDMA/psilocybin prescriptions (2023), USA - Insurance billing codes (2024), Portugal - Decriminalized, South Africa - Prescription medicine. In Polish Context psilocybin remains restricted to research settings, classified as a Group I-P substance under the 1971 Psychotropic Convention. This legal framework complicates clinical implementation despite emerging evidence of therapeutic potential. The critical challenge lies in reconciling psilocybin's rapid antidepressant properties with regulatory barriers, particularly for HNC patients requiring immediate psychiatric support post-surgery. Interdisciplinary collaboration between oncologists, psychiatrists, and policymakers is essential to design ethical clinical pathways under current legislative constraints.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-08-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864", "pubmed_id": "40831528", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Context (archaeology), Psychological intervention, Major depressive disorder, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Mood, Biology, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412939048\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412939048\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1792556404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519296010\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571059493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789657269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895410484\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127661454\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197013128\",\"https://openalex.org/W4228999566\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283323819\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297146216\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312129061\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380550627\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389992534\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395010876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396640466\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401405162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401700752\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403729127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403809829\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403941109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404822426\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028381150\",\"display_name\":\"Małgorzata Wierzbicka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-6352\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119202440\",\"display_name\":\"Renata Kopczyk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Gerlach\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034602375\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Rymaszewska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8985-3592\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412939048" }, { "id": 3265, "title": "631. PSILOCYBIN AND KETANSERIN VS RTMS IN TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION: ENHANCING TOLERABILITY BY MITIGATING PSYCHEDELIC EFFECTS", "normalized_title": "631 psilocybin and ketanserin vs rtms in treatment resistant depression enhancing tolerability by mitigating psychedelic effects", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12359594", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC12359594\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3235, "title": "229. PSILOCYBIN WITH PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC SUPPORT FOR TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION: A PILOT CLINICAL TRIAL", "normalized_title": "229 psilocybin with psychotherapeutic support for treatment resistant depression a pilot clinical trial", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12359778", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC12359778\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3213, "title": "597. ARE SIDE EFFECTS NECESSARY FOR ANTIDEPRESSIVE TREATMENT: THE PSILOCYBIN EXPERIENCE", "normalized_title": "597 are side effects necessary for antidepressive treatment the psilocybin experience", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12359505", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC12359505\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 580, "title": "Psilocybin as Transformative Fast-Acting Antidepressant: Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as transformative fast acting antidepressant pharmacological properties and molecular mechanisms", "authors": "Adebo M, Bonnet M, Laouej O, Defaix C, McGowan JC, Butlen-Ducuing F, David DJ, Poupon E, Tritschler L, Gardier AM.", "abstract": "In the 1950s-60s, serotonergic psychedelic drugs were studied as potential adjuvants to psychotherapy to treat addiction and alcoholism. However, starting in the 70s, preclinical and clinical studies on psychedelics stopped for decades because legislation controlled its recreational use, citing their hallucinogenic and psychotomimetic effects, as well as their abuse potential. Amazingly, we are witnessing an impressive return of these drugs due to recent clinical trials suggesting a therapeutic potential of psychedelics, among them psilocybin, for treating patients with depression resistant to conventional antidepressant drugs. Yet, their underlying mechanisms of action remain incompletely elucidated. This review provides an update on seminal clinical trials using psilocybin, as well as preclinical work uncovering the pharmacological properties and experimental pharmacology of psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin. These drugs are primarily serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonists. Although there is a consensus that 5-HT2AR activation mediates its psychedelic effects in human and rodent models of anxiety/depression, its role in psilocin's antidepressant effects remains controversial. This review also provides an overview of neurotransmitter systems, neuroplasticity, and neural circuits activated by psilocin. Further research in developing effective antidepressants for depression is prescient now more than ever, as according to the World Health Organization (WHO), depression will be the main cause of disability in 2030. Understanding the mechanisms through which psilocybin/psilocin would be an effective antidepressant is crucial to ultimately validate its therapeutic potential when combined with SSRIs/SNRIs in mood disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/fcp.70038", "pubmed_id": "40670864", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/fcp.70038", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40670864\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 579, "title": "Correction to \"Acceptability of psilocybin-assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder: Qualitative analysis\".", "normalized_title": "correction to acceptability of psilocybin assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder qualitative analysis", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/cncr.70003", "pubmed_id": "40679122", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70003", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40679122\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Qualitative Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4341, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted treatment of depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted treatment of depression", "authors": "Barbara Anna Zapalska, Antonina Teresa Witkowska, Anna Cukrowska, Artur Galus", "abstract": "Depression, a common mental disorder, affects people at different stages of life.Classic antidepressant treatment is generally effective, however, it is prolonged.Nonetheless, numerous patients who undergo various classic antidepressant therapies still suffer from depression.Therefore, the search for novel medications is essential.In this review, we explore the therapeutic potential of psilocybin, an alkaloid found in several species of psilocybe mushrooms.Psilocybin mainly acts agonistically through serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2A (5-HT2A) receptors.However, the exact mechanism of the proposed antidepressant impact remains unknown.In the reviewed materials, psilocybin demonstrated rapid and longlasting antidepressant activity in treatment-resistant depression -the therapeutic effect occurred after only a single dose and was sustained for up to 12 weeks.The intensity of psychedelic experience correlated with the strength of the antidepressant action.In comparison to escitalopram, psilocybin acted more quickly and had longer-lasting effects, suggesting its potential as an alternative to classic antidepressants.The adverse events of psilocybin were mild.The findings presented in our work offer a promising perspective for patients who have previously not responded to standard antidepressant treatment.", "journal": "Medical Science", "publication_date": "2025-07-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.54905/disssi.v29i161.e110ms3657", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v29i161.e110ms3657", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412885037\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412885037\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117514441\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara Anna Zapalska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064493295\",\"display_name\":\"Antonina Teresa Witkowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119180312\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Cukrowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5118395035\",\"display_name\":\"Artur Galus\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210211701\",\"source_display_name\":\"Medical Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v29i161.e110ms3657\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412885037" }, { "id": 73, "title": "Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy Among Patients with Advanced Cancer and Depression: Rationale and Preliminary Evaluation of MCP-PSIL.", "normalized_title": "meaning centered psychotherapy for psilocybin assisted therapy among patients with advanced cancer and depression rationale and preliminary evaluation of mcp psil", "authors": "Rosa WE, Napolitano S, McAndrew N, Jenkins B, Lichtenthal WG, Applebaum AJ, Breitbart W, Agrawal M.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin shows encouraging outcomes for patients with cancer and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there is insufficient evidence on the use of evidence-based psychotherapeutic interventions to consistently guide and standardize psilocybin preparation, dosing, and integration. Meaning-centered psychotherapy (MCP) is a manualized, brief psychotherapeutic intervention that enhances meaning and purpose among recipients. This article substantiates the rationale for using MCP as a psychotherapeutic intervention to accompany psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) with psilocybin for patients with cancer and MDD.Materials and methodsWe sampled seven patients with cancer and MDD who previously received PAT with psilocybin followed by group MCP in a phase 2 open-label trial, as well as six therapists who delivered the interventions. First, electronic open-ended response surveys were distributed to explore participant experiences during the phase 2 trial and elicit recommendations to adapt MCP for psilocybin. Second, the research team developed a 5-session model of MCP and psilocybin therapy (MCP-PSIL) based on survey responses. Finally, four focus groups were conducted (two with patients and two with therapists) to expand on patient experiences during the phase 2 trial and gather feedback on MCP-PSIL.ResultsSeven patients (ages 53-80 years) and six therapists (mental health professional experience ranging 9-44 years) participated in both surveys and focus groups. Focus groups underscored the value of experiences related to psilocybin, the group, and MCP, as distinct elements and in conjunction. Participants shared key recommendations to enhance combined psilocybin and MCP experiences and the 5-session MCP-PSIL model. The importance of the group format was also emphasized while noting that individual MCP may be indicated in certain circumstances.ConclusionFindings suggest that MCP is a natural therapeutic partner to guide patients throughout the PAT continuum. As MCP-PSIL is tested in the future, we anticipate MCP will leverage the PAT experience by building therapist capacity to optimize care while reducing avoidable distress for patients and maximizing their meaning-making opportunities.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/28314425251363983", "pubmed_id": "42311441", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/28314425251363983", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-06-30 22:38:07", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"42311441\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Aging,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 555, "title": "An overview of psilocybin, LSD, MDMA, and ketamine in revitalizing psychedelic-assisted therapy: Insights, limitations and future directions.", "normalized_title": "an overview of psilocybin lsd mdma and ketamine in revitalizing psychedelic assisted therapy insights limitations and future directions", "authors": "Askariyan K, Joghataei MT, Dehghan S, Nohesara S, Riahi Pour L, Mohammadi MH, Ahmadirad N.", "abstract": "The resurgence of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy marks a pivotal evolution in mental health treatment, challenging traditional paradigms by integrating compounds such as psilocybin, LSD, MDMA, and ketamine into clinical practice. Historically marginalized due to regulatory and societal concerns, these agents are now gaining recognition for their unique neurobiological mechanisms and therapeutic potential in addressing complex conditions like depression, PTSD, and addiction. Unlike conventional treatments, psychedelics exert their effects primarily through modulation of serotonin receptors and brain network connectivity, with each substance demonstrating distinct pharmacological profiles and clinical applications. Notably, psilocybin and LSD share serotonergic pathways but differ in receptor specificity and subjective effects, while MDMA's empathogenic properties and ketamine's rapid antidepressant action offer alternative therapeutic avenues. Recent FDA breakthrough therapy designations for psilocybin and MDMA underscore a shift toward evidence-based acceptance, yet the field remains challenged by methodological limitations, regulatory barriers, and ethical considerations. This narrative review synthesizes historical developments, mechanistic insights, and clinical outcomes, emphasizing the need for rigorous research, diverse patient cohorts, and thoughtful integration of psychedelics with psychotherapeutic modalities to realize their full therapeutic promise.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111461", "pubmed_id": "40716639", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111461", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Ketamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40716639\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Observational Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 602, "title": "Psilocybin in alcohol use disorder and comorbid depressive symptoms: Results from a feasibility randomized clinical trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in alcohol use disorder and comorbid depressive symptoms results from a feasibility randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Amandine Luquiens, Dahbia Belahda, Carine Graux, Noe Igounenc, Chris Serrand, Paul A. Rochefort, Thibault Mura, Felix Sergent", "abstract": "BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Psilocybin has emerged as a potential treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), but early efficacy data are inconsistent. Depression following alcohol detoxification significantly increases the risk of relapse. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for patients with comorbid AUD and depression. DESIGN: A prospective, single-center, double-blind, parallel (2:1), randomized controlled pilot study. SETTING: The study was conducted in a French inpatient addiction treatment program offering intensive relapse prevention interventions. PARTICIPANTS: Of 350 screened patients, 30 adults (mean age 49 ± 10 years; 43% female) with severe AUD (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition [DSM-5] criteria) and a Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) score ≥14 were included. Participants had completed detoxification between 14 and 60 days prior to inclusion. INTERVENTIONS: Participants received either two oral sessions of 25 mg (n = 20) or 1 mg (n = 10) psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy spaced three weeks apart, as an add-on to standard care. Patients, investigators and outcome assessors were all blinded to patient group. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was feasibility, according to participation in both dosing sessions and recruitment/inclusion rates. Secondary outcomes included alcohol use (Alcohol Timeline Followback), time to relapse, craving (Craving Experience Questionnaire), depression (BDI-II), safety and blinding integrity. FINDINGS: One participant in the 25 mg group could not receive the second dose due to myocardial infarction occurring three days earlier, unrelated to the treatment. Four participants in the control group refused the second session after guessing their group assignment (p-value = 0.019), with one participant self-administering 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). At 12 weeks, the 25 mg group showed significantly greater abstinent rate (11/20 (55%) vs 1/9 (11%) (one lost of follow up) (difference = -44%, [95% confidence interval [CI]: -82% to -5.9%]), p = 0.043), reductions in % drinking days -100 (-100 to -49) vs - 93 (-96 to 0), p = 0.038 and craving frequency -8 (-23 to -1) vs + 7 (-2 to 11), p = 0.045, respectively in the 25 vs 1 mg groups (median [25;75]). Relapse rates were 35% in the 25 mg group and 50% in the control group (HR = 0.52 [0.16 to1.65]). No efficacy differences were observed based on antidepressant use in terms of drinking and depression. Blinding was imperfect (correct guess by patients: 93.3%; investigators: 86.7%). Twenty-five adverse events were reported in 10 patients (50%) in the 25 mg group versus 6 patients (60%) in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy appears feasible, acceptable, and safe in recently detoxified patients with comorbid alcohol use disorder and depression.", "journal": "Addiction", "publication_date": "2025-07-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/add.70152", "pubmed_id": "40702912", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70152", "keywords": "Craving, Alcohol use disorder, Medicine, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Psilocybin, Relapse prevention, Depression (economics), Alcohol dependence, Beck Depression Inventory, Psychology, Addiction, Anxiety, Internal medicine, Alcohol, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Economics, Biochemistry, Chemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412642858\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":17,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1562803040\",\"https://openalex.org/W1931543427\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966468755\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992167600\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992292172\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017039362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019331539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039804055\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043696067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062907782\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098462422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116839388\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125478133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139474630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152696551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161537987\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162097818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165758561\",\"https://openalex.org/W2174561539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285114321\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2763784955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890893449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921670614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944914295\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046396743\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112790012\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120343004\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160017608\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182434925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205341191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206063331\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294308393\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394015461\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396518351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399323719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400847605\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402992153\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404206552\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405426689\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408033191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408089698\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408096046\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408345055\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408424120\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083120627\",\"display_name\":\"Amandine Luquiens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9402-442X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119068869\",\"display_name\":\"Dahbia Belahda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Carine Graux\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119068870\",\"display_name\":\"Noe Igounenc\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080840107\",\"display_name\":\"Chris Serrand\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6074-8577\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068681572\",\"display_name\":\"Paul A. Rochefort\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007724266\",\"display_name\":\"Thibault Mura\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-1336\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Felix Sergent\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S70513841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Addiction\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70152\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412642858" }, { "id": 3633, "title": "The Safety, Feasibility, and Acceptability of Psilocybin Combined With Multidisciplinary Palliative Care in Demoralized Cancer Survivors With Chronic Pain (P-PC)", "normalized_title": "the safety feasibility and acceptability of psilocybin combined with multidisciplinary palliative care in demoralized cancer survivors with chronic pain p pc", "authors": "Emory University", "abstract": "This phase I trial evaluates the side effects of psilocybin and how well it works under supportive care conditions in cancer survivors living with demoralization and chronic pain. Cancer patients often experience demoralization, which is characterized by feelings of hopelessness, loss of meaning, and existential distress. Psilocybin psychotherapy, together with multidisciplinary palliative and supportive care, may help treat the anxiety, depression, and chronic pain felt by cancer survivors - defined here as cancer patients from time of diagnosis through the end-of-life. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine the safety, feasibility, and acceptability of a single administration of 25 mg psilocybin (psilocybin) provided under supportive conditions with multidisciplinary palliative care support (P-PC) in adult cancer survivors living with concurrent demoralization and chronic pain. EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVE: I. To evaluate for changes in demoralization, anxiety, depression, quality of life, pain, other symptoms, mysticism, awe, post-traumatic growth, social isolation, and psychosocial functioning from baseline to end-of-treatment to 3.5-month follow up. OUTLINE: Patients receive psilocybin orally (PO) and undergo observation for up to 8 hours on day 14. After completion of study intervention, patients are followed up on days 15, 21, 42, 56, and 98.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-07-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05506982", "keywords": "Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm, Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Psilocybin, CY-39, Indocybin, Psychotherapy, talk therapy, Quality-of-Life Assessment, Quality of Life Assessment, Questionnaire Administration, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05506982\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 604, "title": "“I’ve learned that I’m open-minded to this possibility”: A qualitative study to evaluate the acceptability of a psilocybin-aided smoking cessation treatment for people with HIV who smoke", "normalized_title": "i ve learned that i m open minded to this possibility a qualitative study to evaluate the acceptability of a psilocybin aided smoking cessation treatment for people with hiv who smoke", "authors": "Patricia A. Cioe, Garrett S Stang, Danish Azam, Sarah Dugal", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: People with HIV (PWH) are disproportionately affected by cigarette use, with a 40 - 70% prevalence rate. Although many express a strong interest in quitting, many PWH who smoke experience lower cessation rates with traditional treatments, in part due to their comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms. Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic referred to as \"breakthrough therapy\" by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), has been shown to have potential as a therapeutic treatment for psychiatric symptoms, (e.g., anxiety and depression) and substance use disorders, including tobacco dependence. Preliminary evidence has shown that administering psilocybin to people who smoke and have been previously unable to quit with traditional treatments resulted in impressive smoking abstinence rates (80%) at 6-months in a smoking cessation pilot study. OBJECTIVE: Explore, using qualitative methods, the perceptions and acceptability of a psilocybin-assisted treatment for smoking cessation among PWH who smoke. METHODS: Semi-structured, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with PWH who smoke. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using rapid thematic analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-five participants were enrolled: 15 cis male, 9 cis female, and 1 transgender female. Five main themes emerged: varying previous experiences with psilocybin; uncertainty about psilocybin's effects and concern over potential side effects; need for trusted sources of information and testimonials; ultimately willing to try psilocybin-aided therapy for tobacco treatment; and, set and setting of psilocybin use matters. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin-assisted smoking cessation treatment appears to be acceptable among PWH who smoke. Participants highlighted the importance of addressing key concerns related to an emerging therapy to increase acceptability and willingness to try it. Further research is needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of psilocybin prior to incorporating this emerging therapy for smoking cessation into tobacco treatment clinical services for PWH.", "journal": "Addiction Science & Clinical Practice", "publication_date": "2025-07-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1186/s13722-025-00563-0", "pubmed_id": "40691651", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-025-00563-0", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Smoking cessation, Health psychology, Psychiatry, Psychology, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Psychotherapist, Public health, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Family medicine, Nursing, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412510542\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412510542\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1603977514\",\"https://openalex.org/W1747059440\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971969140\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978560738\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985454368\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993551104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008651049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048511933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080436266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088913376\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2282858459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515306146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594751923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2614691543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2773376977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808747181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945855838\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090986803\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117921577\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125697614\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160306775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3208645186\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200514127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211011432\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220656556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282982392\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283275230\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380371967\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381614996\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386219256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405412696\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406996996\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000146961\",\"display_name\":\"Patricia A. Cioe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3599-7819\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089469079\",\"display_name\":\"Garrett S Stang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7000-1277\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117848838\",\"display_name\":\"Danish Azam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119020915\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Dugal\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S152134104\",\"source_display_name\":\"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-025-00563-0\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Qualitative Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412510542" }, { "id": 3581, "title": "Acceptability & Safety of Two Sequential Doses of Psilocybin in Bipolar Disorder II Depression and Suicidality", "normalized_title": "acceptability safety of two sequential doses of psilocybin in bipolar disorder ii depression and suicidality", "authors": "The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston", "abstract": "The purpose of the study is to assess the safety and acceptability of up to two sequential administrations of 25 mg psilocybin with additional therapeutic support in decreasing suicidality in patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD II) depression. This study aims to determine whether psilocybin paired with psychotherapy is a safe, feasible, and acceptable treatment for Bipolar II (BD II) depression, specifically, individuals experiencing suicidal ideation (without having an active plan or intention to act). The design is a non-randomized clinical trial, where patients will receive up to 2 doses of 25mg psilocybin in the context of psychological support informed by mindfulness-based CBT and typical elements of psychedelic treatments (e.g., preparation, intention setting, integration). The investigators will measure suicidality, depression, and acute experiences using validated questionnaires at multiple time points in the study. If this study shows psilocybin to be a feasible, acceptable, and safe treatment option, this would have huge implications for improving outcomes because highly effective treatment for suicidality in patients with Bipolar Disorder is still lacking.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-07-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06706232", "keywords": "Bipolar II Disorder, Depression, Bipolar, Suicidality, Psilocybin, Therapeutic Support, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06706232\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3071, "title": "Epigenome-wide Association Study of Psilocybin-Induced Methylome Changes in Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "epigenome wide association study of psilocybin induced methylome changes in alcohol use disorder", "authors": "Urban MM, Zillich L, Rieser NM, Herdener M, Vollenweider FX, Spanagel R, Preller KH, Meinhardt MW.", "abstract": "The serotonergic hallucinogen psilocybin has shown potential as a treatment for psychiatric conditions like alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depression in clinical studies. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, are hypothesized to contribute to its lasting therapeutic benefits. In this exploratory study, we present the first methylome-wide analysis of psilocybin-induced changes in a cohort of detoxified patients with AUD. The longitudinal study design included three assessment days in 40 patients with blood sampling and acquisition of psychometrics - at baseline, 24 hours after administration of psilocybin (25 mg) or placebo (mannitol), and one month after treatment. Our epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) identified one CpG site in TLE4 ( p = 1.1e-7) associated with psilocybin treatment. Screening for differentially methylated regions, we observed altered methylation in the gene RASGRP4 ( pFDR = 3.2e-4). Network analysis revealed co-methylation modules related to psilocybin treatment, as well as modules associated with the reduction of depressive symptoms and drinking behavior. Gene ontology analysis indicated involvement of these modules in neuroplasticity and immune functions, suggesting that they may reflect abstinence-related recovery processes. Investigating candidate genes at nominal significance ( p < 0.05) uncovered promoter-associated methylation changes in HTR2A and TNF. Furthermore, at p < 0.05, we found baseline differences between treatment responders (< 1 standard unit alcohol in 4-week follow-up) and non-responders in genes related to synaptic plasticity and different neurotransmitter systems. While these findings are limited by the modest sample size, they align well with previous literature and might provide starting points for further, large-scale investigations or hypothesis-driven experiments.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-07-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.07.18.664368", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.18.664368", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1052183\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Epigenetics,Observational Study,Genomics,Immune Function", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 493, "title": "The polypharmacology of psychedelics reveals multiple targets for potential therapeutics.", "normalized_title": "the polypharmacology of psychedelics reveals multiple targets for potential therapeutics", "authors": "Jain MK, Gumpper RH, Slocum ST, Schmitz GP, Madsen JS, Tummino TA, Suomivuori CM, Huang XP, Shub L, DiBerto JF, Kim K, DeLeon C, Krumm BE, Fay JF, Keiser M, Hauser AS, Dror RO, Shoichet B, Gloriam DE, Nichols DE, Roth BL.", "abstract": "The classical psychedelics (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and mescaline exert their psychedelic effects via activation of the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor (5-HT2AR). Recent clinical studies have suggested that classical psychedelics may additionally have therapeutic potential for many neuropsychiatric conditions including depression, anxiety, migraine and cluster headaches, drug abuse, and post-traumatic stress disorder. In this study, we investigated the pharmacology of 41 classical psychedelics from the tryptamine, phenethylamine, and lysergamide chemical classes. We profiled these compounds against 318 human G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to elucidate their target profiles, and in the case of LSD, against more than 450 human kinases. We found that psychedelics have potent and efficacious actions at nearly every serotonin, dopamine, and adrenergic receptor. We quantified their activation for multiple transducers and found that psychedelics stimulate multiple 5-HT2AR transducers, each of which correlates with psychedelic drug-like actions in vivo. Our results suggest that multiple molecular targets likely contribute to the actions of psychedelics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuron.2025.06.012", "pubmed_id": "40683247", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2025.06.012", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Tryptamines, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Polypharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40683247\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 395, "title": "Mapping psilocybin therapy: A systematic review of therapeutic frameworks, adaptations, and standardization across contemporary clinical trials.", "normalized_title": "mapping psilocybin therapy a systematic review of therapeutic frameworks adaptations and standardization across contemporary clinical trials", "authors": "Kittur ME, Burgos M LA, Jones BDM, Blumberger DM, Mulsant BH, Rosenblat JD, Husain MI.", "abstract": "Accumulating evidence suggests that psilocybin can produce rapid and sustained clinical benefits when administered in conjunction with psychological support. Though non-pharmacological procedures are considered integral, the field lacks therapeutic guidelines and little is known about current practices. This systematic review sought to provide a comprehensive and cross-diagnostic synthesis of current psilocybin therapy (PT) protocols across contemporary mental health related trials. Primary objectives were to define and compare PT models with respect to overall therapeutic framework, evidence-based psychotherapeutic adaptations, and therapeutic standardization measures. Database search identified 22 recent trials assessing psilocybin as treatment for major and treatment-resistant depression, medical condition-related distress, substance use, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and eating disorders. Cross-diagnostic review revealed broad consistency in therapeutic structure (i.e. before, during, and after psilocybin treatment), session themes, and external context during drug administration. However, trials varied in therapeutic intensity, diagnostic adaptations, and incorporation of evidence-based psychotherapies. Less than half of reviewed trials reported standardization measures such as manualized procedures, PT-specific training, or adherence and fidelity monitoring. With non-pharmacological treatment mechanisms still unclear, results highlight potential confounds and standardization gaps that undermine the replicability and generalizability of recent psilocybin interventions. Until adjunctive support protocols are adequately operationalized, mechanistic insight and uptake into clinical practice will remain a challenge.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.119952", "pubmed_id": "40684956", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119952", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40684956\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4345, "title": "Stronger visual surround suppression under psilocybin: A psychophysical and EEG pilot study", "normalized_title": "stronger visual surround suppression under psilocybin a psychophysical and eeg pilot study", "authors": "Michael-Paul Schallmo, Sophia Jungers, Ranji Varghese, Kathryn R. Cullen, Michael D. Evans, Jessica L. Nielson, Link Swanson", "abstract": "Perception of visual contrast depends on the surrounding spatial context. Typically, the salience of a central target is reduced by a high contrast surrounding stimulus, an effect known as surround suppression. Although this phenomenon is well-studied, the role of specific neurotransmitter systems during surround suppression in human vision remains unclear. Psilocybin is a serotonin (5-HT2A) receptor agonist known to affect visual perception (e.g., psychedelic visual phenomena). We asked whether surround suppression may be altered by psilocybin. In a double-blind crossover pilot study, healthy adults completed psychophysical (n = 6) and electroencephalography (EEG; n = 5) measures of surround suppression after taking either 25 mg of psilocybin or placebo (100 mg niacin), in separate sessions. We found that psilocybin increased the strength of surround suppression, as measured in both our psychophysical contrast matching task, and in the strength of the visual N1 component from EEG. Accuracy on catch trials was not significantly impaired under psilocybin. Our results, although preliminary and limited by a small sample size, suggest that serotonergic neuromodulation plays a role in regulating the strength of surround suppression. Our findings may also be relevant for understanding differences in visual perception in psychiatric conditions, such as the weaker surround suppression reported in individuals undergoing major depressive episodes.", "journal": "Journal of Vision", "publication_date": "2025-07-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1167/jov.25.9.2091", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.25.9.2091", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Electroencephalography, Psychology, Surround suppression, Neuroscience, Audiology, Visual perception, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Perception, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412459077\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412459077\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Michael-Paul Schallmo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093712112\",\"display_name\":\"Sophia Jungers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059740050\",\"display_name\":\"Ranji Varghese\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003393701\",\"display_name\":\"Kathryn R. Cullen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9631-3770\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000078211\",\"display_name\":\"Michael D. Evans\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-3993\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086634784\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica L. Nielson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3677-3959\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061507780\",\"display_name\":\"Link Swanson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3175-347X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S137468011\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Vision\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.25.9.2091\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412459077" }, { "id": 3097, "title": "Biochemical Insights into Diverse Psilocybe Mushrooms and Their Metabolites as Sources of Neuroactive Agents: A Review.", "normalized_title": "biochemical insights into diverse psilocybe mushrooms and their metabolites as sources of neuroactive agents a review", "authors": "Sudhakaran G, Chakraborty S, Kumar A, Bharti SAK, Csaba V, Valan Arasu M, Namasivayam SKR, Arockiaraj J.", "abstract": "Psilocybe species, commonly known as \"magic mushrooms\", are a group of hallucinogenic fungi known for their psychoactive compounds such as psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin, and norbaeocystin. These species have been the focus of scientific study due to their potential therapeutic applications, despite their classification as controlled substances in many jurisdictions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of various Psilocybe mushrooms, highlighting their chemical compositions, genetic diversity, and therapeutic potential, particularly in the treatment of mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, addiction, and cluster headaches. By reviewing existing scientific literature, this review examines the pharmacological effects and therapeutic applications of Psilocybe mushrooms. The review includes novel contributions such as the identification of alternative pathways for psilocybin synthesis and taxonomic consolidations among Psilocybe species. It also explores the cultural context and traditional uses of these mushrooms. The findings indicate that Psilocybe mushrooms exhibit significant potential for therapeutic use in mental health treatment. The review also underscores the importance of ongoing research into the pharmacological properties of these mushrooms to better understand their effects and potential benefits. Despite their current legal status, Psilocybe mushrooms hold considerable promise for future therapeutic applications. There is a need for further investigation to fully explore their potential in medical and cultural contexts. This review sets a foundation for future research and drug development endeavors, advocating for a more nuanced understanding of these complex biological entities.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s00284-025-04379-8", "pubmed_id": "40663181", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04379-8", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Agaricales, Hallucinogens, Psilocybe, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40663181\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 603, "title": "Exploring the Frontiers of Psychedelics: A New Chromatographic Method for Detection and Quantification of Psilocybin and Psilocin in Psilocybe cubensis Mushrooms", "normalized_title": "exploring the frontiers of psychedelics a new chromatographic method for detection and quantification of psilocybin and psilocin in psilocybe cubensis mushrooms", "authors": "Taynah Pereira Galdino, Lucas Cordeiro de Oliveira, Mateus Araújo da Luz, R.C.A. Barbosa, M. Torres, Kátia Sivieri, Paula A. Fernandes, Márcio Luiz dos Santos, Antônio Gilson Barbosa de Lima, Suédina Maria de Lima Silva, Marcus Vinícius Lia Fook", "abstract": "Innovative therapies, such as psilocybin-assisted psychotherapies, hold great promises for treating anxiety, depression, and various other mental health disorders, addressing some of the challenges faced by conventional psychiatric medicine. This study focuses on developing and validating an HPLC-DAD methodology for detecting psilocybin and psilocin in extracts from psychedelic mushrooms intended for medicinal use. The methodology to has been validated following the guidelines of RDC No. 166/2017 from the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). Utilizing a PerkinElmer C18 column (150.0 mm length × 4.6 mm internal diameter × 5 μm particle size), the gradient method employed ultrapure Milli-Q water (mobile phase A) and acetonitrile (mobile phase B), both acidified to 0.3% with formic acid (starting at a ratio of 95:5 v/v), with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min over 18 min and an injection volume of 15 μL. The column temperature was maintained at 30 °C, and the analysis was conducted at a wavelength of 266 nm. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit od quantification (LOQ) values for psilocybin were 1.58 and 4.78 mg/L, respectively, while for psilocin, they were 1.70 and 5.17 mg/L. The method's accuracy showed recovery intervals for psilocybin ranging from 80 to 120% and for psilocin from 98 to 116%. Accurately determining the content of psilocybin (2.57%) and psilocin (0.16%) is essential for their application as pharmaceutical compounds. This methodological rigor ensures that these substances can be reliably used in therapeutic contexts, underscoring the importance of precise quantification in developing safe and effective medical treatments.", "journal": "ACS Omega", "publication_date": "2025-07-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.5c02751", "pubmed_id": "40727727", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c02751", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Chromatography, Hallucinogen, Chemistry, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412138274\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412138274\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":18,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1965653535\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970807094\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984431812\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996143523\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008517849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057353445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067074477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081244857\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121160760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094690508\",\"https://openalex.org/W3115969048\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164048627\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220700438\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389912710\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407820969\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408226956\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080197981\",\"display_name\":\"Taynah Pereira Galdino\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4177-6430\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087489433\",\"display_name\":\"Lucas Cordeiro de Oliveira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0853-3472\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015725104\",\"display_name\":\"Mateus Araújo da Luz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1713-4825\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036700776\",\"display_name\":\"R.C.A. Barbosa\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0412-8126\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069483283\",\"display_name\":\"M. Torres\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-1578\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042177974\",\"display_name\":\"Kátia Sivieri\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050187959\",\"display_name\":\"Paula A. Fernandes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047922682\",\"display_name\":\"Márcio Luiz dos Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6607-1640\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017271286\",\"display_name\":\"Antônio Gilson Barbosa de Lima\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-1872\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051005007\",\"display_name\":\"Suédina Maria de Lima Silva\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2073-0989\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045392401\",\"display_name\":\"Marcus Vinícius Lia Fook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8566-920X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210239500\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Omega\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c02751\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412138274" }, { "id": 4347, "title": "The Medial PrefrontalCortex Modulates Psychedelic-likeEffects of Psilocin", "normalized_title": "the medial prefrontalcortex modulates psychedelic likeeffects of psilocin", "authors": "Miyuan Zhang (21677016), Haojiang Zhai (21677019), Longwei Yang (21677022), Haohong Li (5164970), Xiaohui Wang (19899)", "abstract": "Recent advancements in the study of psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin have highlighted their unique psychedelic properties and potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the rapid and sustained treatment of depression. However, the potent acute psychedelic effects of psilocybin necessitate a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying its action. In this study, we investigated the psilocin-induced neural activity in male mice using c-Fos immunofluorescent labeling and identified brain regions associated with psychedelic-like activity. Among the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), interstitial nucleus of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure (IPAC), and dorsomedial striatum (DMS), only the mPFC was specifically associated with the head twitch response (HTR), a hallmark of psychedelic-like behavior. A picomolar dose of psilocin in the mPFC was sufficient to induce significant HTR, suggesting that c-Fos-positive neurons in this region modulate psychedelic-like activity. To validate this hypothesis, optogenetic activation of these neurons significantly increased spontaneous HTR in TRAP2 mice, whereas acute inhibition suppressed drug-induced HTR. These findings establish the mPFC as a critical regulator of psilocin-induced psychedelic-like activity and provide valuable insights for enhancing the clinical safety and therapeutic application of psychedelics.", "journal": "Figshare", "publication_date": "2025-07-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.5c00324.s001", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_Medial_Prefrontal_Cortex_Modulates_Psychedelic-like_Effects_of_Psilocin/29500347", "keywords": "Optogenetics, Prefrontal cortex, Neuroscience, Nucleus accumbens, Neural activity, Psilocybin, Hippocampus, Orbitofrontal cortex, Striatum, Cortex (anatomy), Infralimbic cortex, Hippocampal formation, Regulator, Premovement neuronal activity, Chemistry, Caudate nucleus, Electrophysiology, Central nervous system, Biology, Long-term potentiation, Dopamine, Psychology, Cerebral cortex, Slice preparation, Nucleus, Frontal cortex, Brain mapping, Local field potential, Neuroplasticity, Thalamus, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7111003529\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7111003529\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Miyuan Zhang (21677016)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Haojiang Zhai (21677019)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Longwei Yang (21677022)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Haohong Li (5164970)\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Xiaohui Wang (19899)\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196282\",\"source_display_name\":\"Figshare\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_Medial_Prefrontal_Cortex_Modulates_Psychedelic-like_Effects_of_Psilocin/29500347\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7111003529" }, { "id": 569, "title": "The Medial Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Psychedelic-like Effects of Psilocin", "normalized_title": "the medial prefrontal cortex modulates psychedelic like effects of psilocin", "authors": "Miyuan Zhang, Haiyan Zhai, Longwei Yang, Haohong Li, Xiaohui Wang", "abstract": "Recent advancements in the study of psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin have highlighted their unique psychedelic properties and potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the rapid and sustained treatment of depression. However, the potent acute psychedelic effects of psilocybin necessitate a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying its action. In this study, we investigated the psilocin-induced neural activity in male mice using c-Fos immunofluorescent labeling and identified brain regions associated with psychedelic-like activity. Among the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), interstitial nucleus of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure (IPAC), and dorsomedial striatum (DMS), only the mPFC was specifically associated with the head twitch response (HTR), a hallmark of psychedelic-like behavior. A picomolar dose of psilocin in the mPFC was sufficient to induce significant HTR, suggesting that c-Fos-positive neurons in this region modulate psychedelic-like activity. To validate this hypothesis, optogenetic activation of these neurons significantly increased spontaneous HTR in TRAP2 mice, whereas acute inhibition suppressed drug-induced HTR. These findings establish the mPFC as a critical regulator of psilocin-induced psychedelic-like activity and provide valuable insights for enhancing the clinical safety and therapeutic application of psychedelics.", "journal": "ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science", "publication_date": "2025-07-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.5c00324", "pubmed_id": "40810162", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.5c00324", "keywords": "Prefrontal cortex, Neuroscience, Psychology, Consumer neuroscience, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412100010\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412100010\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1974195654\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058601367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089436854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095268995\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549067465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905212694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953204260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110733646\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183649366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223932635\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306888870\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620578\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378647709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395688958\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402758733\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403350173\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403605401\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404297527\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404349949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404723884\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405703294\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406627764\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407686798\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408221975\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408244928\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409620999\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051743657\",\"display_name\":\"Miyuan Zhang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112467693\",\"display_name\":\"Haiyan Zhai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Longwei Yang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101832733\",\"display_name\":\"Haohong Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3775-9075\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100618787\",\"display_name\":\"Xiaohui Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3415-5612\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210207642\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.5c00324\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412100010" }, { "id": 461, "title": "Unraveling the policies, legislations, and regulations of psychedelics in Australia, Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, and India.", "normalized_title": "unraveling the policies legislations and regulations of psychedelics in australia canada netherlands new zealand and india", "authors": "Joga R, Yerram S, Patnam JD, Choudhary KK, Varpe P, Raghuvanshi RS, Srivastava S.", "abstract": "BackgroundResearch into psychedelics has gained renewed interest due to their potential to address psychiatric, neurological, and other peripheral conditions. These substances offer long-term therapeutic benefits, contrasting with the side effects and limitations of current psychiatric medicines.ObjectiveThis study examines the legislations and regulatory frameworks for psychedelics in Australia, Canada, The Netherlands, New Zealand, and India, highlighting their varied approaches to legalization, medical use, and integration into healthcare systems.MethodsA comparative analysis of the regulatory landscapes in the selected countries was conducted, focusing on policies, clinical trial practices, and the ethical considerations surrounding psychedelics. Data were drawn from government documents, regulatory databases, and peer-reviewed literature.ResultsAustralia legalized MDMA for post-traumatic stress disorder and psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression, establishing a structured prescription system for authorized psychiatrists. Canada and The Netherlands supports therapeutic use through regulated clinical trials and limited exemptions under strict controls, reflecting cautious but progressive approaches. New Zealand demonstrates exploratory interest in psychedelics within a controlled regulatory framework. India maintains stringent prohibitions with severe penalties for possession and use, despite emerging research indicating potential medical benefits.ConclusionsAustralia, Canada, The Netherlands, and New Zealand have taken pioneering steps in integrating psychedelics into medical practice, guided by evolving scientific evidence and ethical considerations. In contrast, India's conservative regulatory stance highlights significant barriers to exploring the medical potential of psychedelics. As global perspectives shift, balancing scientific advancements with robust regulatory measures will be crucial for shaping public health policies and fostering therapeutic innovation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.healthpol.2025.105392", "pubmed_id": "40694950", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2025.105392", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Legislation, Drug, Health Policy, Canada, India, Australia, Netherlands, New Zealand", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40694950\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3745, "title": "An open-label, dose-escalation trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for bipolar 2 depression", "normalized_title": "an open label dose escalation trial of psilocybin assisted therapy for bipolar 2 depression", "authors": "Szigeti B.", "abstract": "Background: Individuals with bipolar II disorder (BD-II) and depression face limited treatment options and are often excluded from psilocybin therapy trials due to theoretical concerns of precipitating mania or psychosis. Although psilocybin has demonstrated antidepressant effects when combined with psychotherapy, adverse event reporting is inconsistent, and restrictive eligibility criteria limit generalizability. Aims: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin therapy in individuals with BD-II experiencing moderate-to-severe depression. Method: In this open-label, single-arm pilot trial, 14 participants received 10 mg of psilocybin, followed by 25 mg if depressive symptoms persisted. Participants underwent psychotherapy before, during, and after psilocybin administration sessions and were proactively monitored for adverse events. Depression and quality of life were assessed using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Quality of Life in Bipolar Disorder Questionnaire (QoLBD), along with exploratory measures. Results: Psilocybin was well tolerated, with transient increases in heart rate and blood pressure and no serious adverse events. Common adverse events included mild-to-moderate anxiety, nausea, and headache. Three participants experienced notable psychiatric adverse events (suicidal ideation and hypomania) which resolved with support. The frequency and nature of both serious and non-serious adverse events were broadly comparable to those reported in psilocybin studies for other conditions. MADRS scores improved at all timepoints: 21 days after 10 mg (-12.7 [2.7], p", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-07-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/97cqx_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/97cqx_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:18", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1049908\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3072, "title": "An open-label, dose-escalation trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for bipolar 2 depression", "normalized_title": "an open label dose escalation trial of psilocybin assisted therapy for bipolar 2 depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Individuals with bipolar II disorder (BD-II) and depression face limited treatment options and are often excluded from psilocybin therapy trials due to theoretical concerns of precipitating mania or psychosis. Although psilocybin has demonstrated antidepressant effects when combined with psychotherapy, adverse event reporting is inconsistent, and restrictive eligibility criteria limit generalizability. Aims: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin therapy in individuals with BD-II experiencing moderate-to-severe depression. Method: In this open-label, single-arm pilot trial, 14 participants received 10 mg of psilocybin, followed by 25 mg if depressive symptoms persisted. Participants underwent psychotherapy before, during, and after psilocybin administration sessions and were proactively monitored for adverse events. Depression and quality of life were assessed using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Quality of Life in Bipolar Disorder Questionnaire (QoL BD), along with exploratory measures. Results: Psilocybin was well tolerated, with transient increases in heart rate and blood pressure and no serious adverse events. Common adverse events included mild-to-moderate anxiety, nausea, and headache. Three participants experienced notable psychiatric adverse events (suicidal ideation and hypomania) which resolved with support. The frequency and nature of both serious and non-serious adverse events were broadly comparable to those reported in psilocybin studies for other conditions. MADRS scores improved at all timepoints: 21 days after 10 mg (-12.7 [2.7], p", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-07-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/97cqx_v1", "keywords": "bipolar, depression, psilocybin, psychedelics, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"97cqx_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"pending\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 496, "title": "The therapeutic potential of psilocybin beyond psychedelia through shared mechanisms with ketamine.", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psilocybin beyond psychedelia through shared mechanisms with ketamine", "authors": "Park D, Lee G, Lee WG, Kim B, Lee Y, Kim JW.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder is a debilitating condition, with many patients unresponsive to conventional monoaminergic antidepressants. Rapid-acting antidepressants such as ketamine and psilocybin offer promising alternatives, relieving symptoms within hours. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, and psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic primarily targeting 5-HT2A receptors, both enhance synaptic plasticity in mood-regulating circuits through distinct mechanisms. This review synthesizes recent clinical and preclinical findings on ketamine and psilocybin, emphasizing their molecular targets, circuit-level effects, and converging downstream pathways. A key shared mechanism involves BDNF-TrkB signaling, which promotes spinogenesis and synaptogenesis critical for sustained antidepressant efficacy. We also discuss 5-HT2A receptor biased agonism as a potential strategy to dissociate psilocybin's therapeutic effects from its hallucinogenic actions. By comparing their mechanistic profiles, we identify both overlapping and distinct features that may inform the development of next-generation rapid-acting antidepressants. Understanding how serotonergic, glutamatergic, and neurotrophic systems converge may guide the development of fast-acting, durable, and non-hallucinogenic antidepressants.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-07-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-025-03100-2", "pubmed_id": "40624295", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03100-2", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Ketamine, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Signal Transduction, Neuronal Plasticity, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40624295\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4348, "title": "Explore the effect of psilocybin on depression and anxiety", "normalized_title": "explore the effect of psilocybin on depression and anxiety", "authors": "Yutong Song", "abstract": "Psilocybin, also known as “magic mushrooms,” is naturally found in psychedelic compound from different types of mushrooms. The utility of psilocybin for spiritual and therapeutic purposes has already go through several centuries. Scientific research on these compounds gained traction in the mid-20th century, the increasing interest in the possible therapeutic benefits of psilocybin has led to more discoveries, including its use in the treatment of major depression disorder, anxiety disorder, addiction, and end-of-life distress. Research on the effects and safety of psilocybin is ongoing, but preliminary studies have shown promising results. Psilocybin has the potential to revolutionize the way we treat mental health disorders and support overall well-being. Sewell and colleagues suggest that for patients with cluster headaches, psilocybin could make an effective use in the cure or prevention of the regular appearance of cluster headaches. Other than this exciting exploration, treatment of depression and anxiety disorder is also worth discussion. This essay suggests that psilocybin is useful in depression treatment, and is more suitable as a preventive rather than a therapeutic drug in the course of treatment.", "journal": "Arts Culture and Language", "publication_date": "2025-07-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.61173/rcg8me57", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.61173/rcg8me57", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Psychology, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Cognitive psychology, Psychiatry, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412054280\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412054280\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004477428\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144455058\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794118706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007694136\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087672006\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166459008\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281899337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307826332\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391115210\",\"https://openalex.org/W6704851532\",\"https://openalex.org/W6959454025\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016362033\",\"display_name\":\"Yutong Song\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1312-9407\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387291895\",\"source_display_name\":\"Arts Culture and Language\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.61173/rcg8me57\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412054280" }, { "id": 3216, "title": "Accurate and Interpretable Prediction of Antidepressant Treatment Response from Receptor-informed Neuroimaging", "normalized_title": "accurate and interpretable prediction of antidepressant treatment response from receptor informed neuroimaging", "authors": "Tolle HM, Luppi AI, Lawn T, Roseman L, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris RL, Mediano PAM.", "abstract": "Conventional antidepressants show moderate efficacy in treating major depressive disorder. Psychedelic-assisted therapy holds promise, yet individual responses vary, underscoring the need for predictive tools to guide treatment selection. Here, we present graphTRIP (graph-based Treatment Response Interpretability and Prediction) - a geometric deep learning architecture that enables three advances: 1) accurate prediction of post-treatment depression severity using only pretreatment clinical and neuroimaging data; 2) identification of robust biomarkers; and 3) causal analysis of treatment effects and underlying mechanisms. Trained on data from a clinical trial comparing psilocybin and escitalopram ( NCT03429075 ), graphTRIP achieves strong predictive accuracy ( r = 0.72, p = 6.8 ×10 −8 ), and shows clear generalization to both an independent dataset and across brain atlases. The model identifies stronger functional connectivity within sensory networks as a robust predictor of poorer response across both treatments. In contrast, causal analysis implicates frontoparietal and default mode networks as key moderators of differential response, with stronger 5-HT1A- and 5-HT2A-related signalling in the frontoparietal network predicting escitalopram response but psilocybin resistance. Overall, this work advances precision medicine and biomarker discovery in depression.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-07-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.07.02.662710", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.02.662710", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1046304\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 497, "title": "Single-dose (10 mg) psilocybin reduces symptoms in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A pharmacological challenge study", "normalized_title": "single dose 10 mg psilocybin reduces symptoms in adults with obsessive compulsive disorder a pharmacological challenge study", "authors": "Luca Pellegrini, Naomi Fineberg, Sorcha O'Connor, Ana Maria Frota Lisbôa Pereira de Souza, Kate Godfrey, Sara Reed, Joseph Peill, Mairead Healy, Cyrus Rohani-Shukla, Hakjun Lee, Robin Carhart-Harris, Trevor W. Robbins, David Nutt, David Erritzøe", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and disabling condition. A large proportion of patients fail to respond to first-line treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors either selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or clomipramine. Preliminary evidence suggests psilocybin, a serotonin receptor agonist, might be efficacious. We conducted a pharmacological challenge study to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of effect of psilocybin in OCD. This analysis reports the clinical outcomes only. METHODS: Participants with a diagnosis of OCD of at least moderate severity, received two single doses of oral psilocybin, 1 mg followed by 10 mg, administered in fixed order separated by 4 weeks. On the day of dosing, they were treated in a day-care facility in the presence of clinicians experienced in the use of psychedelics for treating mental disorders. Psychological support was provided before, during and after dosing. Participants and raters were blinded to the order of treatment. They were assessed on the day before each dose (baseline 1, 2), on the day of dosing and at intervals over a 4-week period afterward using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) (primary clinical outcome) and secondary clinical outcomes including the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Adverse effects were also recorded. RESULTS: Nineteen adult participants (aged 20-60) entered the study and 18 completed all assessments. Clinical outcomes following 1 mg and 10 mg psilocybin were compared using a linear mixed-effects model and ANOVA. A significant between-dosage effect favouring 10 mg psilocybin was found one-week after dosing on the Y-BOCS (Cohen's d = 0.82, p = 0.002). In particular, the effect one-week after dosing was statistically significant on the compulsion subscale of the Y-BOCS (Cohen's d: 0.74, p = 0.003), compared to obsession (Cohen's d: 0.50, p = 0.06). The effect diminished over the subsequent 3 weeks. No effect of psilocybin was detected on the MADRS. Psilocybin was well tolerated, with few adverse events reported at both dosages and no serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, which was limited by a small sample size and the absence of randomisation, a 10 mg dose of oral psilocybin was found to be well-tolerated and potentially efficacious in patients with OCD. Psilocybin produced a rapid-onset, moderate to large effect on compulsive symptoms, which lasted up to one week after dosing. Future randomised placebo-controlled clinical trials investigating a longer course of multiple weekly doses of 10 mg psilocybin are indicated in OCD and in other obsessive-compulsive and related disorders characterised by compulsions.", "journal": "Comprehensive Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-07-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152619", "pubmed_id": "40618640", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152619", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Obsessive compulsive, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411969620\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411969620\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":17,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1520909142\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981722146\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993810702\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994762590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017152382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054860630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092175415\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100861230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105875973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120747195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123822033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132908303\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136170254\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804047202\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914312460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914467484\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3020190048\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027044460\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163455677\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210913256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285809014\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318052073\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386580791\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386961159\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391678591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392369508\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393183628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394566107\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588870\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399572299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401339608\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403392138\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404836981\",\"https://openalex.org/W6852241356\",\"https://openalex.org/W6856462751\",\"https://openalex.org/W6863609036\",\"https://openalex.org/W6869077535\",\"https://openalex.org/W6878706972\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056272459\",\"display_name\":\"Luca Pellegrini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2855-2865\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046416771\",\"display_name\":\"Naomi Fineberg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-6900\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Sorcha O'Connor\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007953125\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Maria Frota Lisbôa Pereira de Souza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-7863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056222921\",\"display_name\":\"Kate Godfrey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-2382\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110741678\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Reed\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089523890\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Peill\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-4617\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011649514\",\"display_name\":\"Mairead Healy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106285226\",\"display_name\":\"Cyrus Rohani-Shukla\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101784305\",\"display_name\":\"Hakjun Lee\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-4256\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080762339\",\"display_name\":\"Trevor W. Robbins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0642-5977\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S110368005\",\"source_display_name\":\"Comprehensive Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152619\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411969620" }, { "id": 4353, "title": "Psilocybin bei schwerer behandlungsresistenter Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin bei schwerer behandlungsresistenter depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Depressionserkrankungen, die auf mehrere Behandlungen nicht ansprechen, gelten als schwere, behandlungsresistente Depressionen (TRD). Studien mit Antidepressiva zeigen einen abnehmenden Effekt, wenn die die Erstbehandlung nicht erfolgreich ist. In einer offenen Studie des Sheppard Pratt Hospitals, Baltimore, wurden Sicherheit und Wirksamkeit der aus Pilzen gewonnene Substanz Psilocybin bei Patient*innen mit schwerer TRD untersucht.", "journal": "Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1055/a-2524-6277", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2524-6277", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychology, Psychiatry, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411986809\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411986809\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\"],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5647071\",\"source_display_name\":\"Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2524-6277\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411986809" }, { "id": 640, "title": "Disentangling the acute subjective effects of classic psychedelics from their enduring therapeutic properties.", "normalized_title": "disentangling the acute subjective effects of classic psychedelics from their enduring therapeutic properties", "authors": "Atiq MA, Baker MR, Voort JLV, Vargas MV, Choi DS", "abstract": "Recent research with classic psychedelics suggests significant therapeutic potential, particularly for neuropsychiatric disorders. A mediating influence behind symptom resolution is thought to be the personal insight - at times, bordering on the mystical - one acquires during the acute phase of a psychedelic session. Indeed, current clinical trials have found strong correlations between the acute subjective effects (ASE) under the influence of psychedelics and their enduring therapeutic properties. However, with potential barriers to widespread clinical implementation, including the healthcare resource-intensive nature of psychedelic sessions and the exclusion of certain at-risk patient groups, there is an active search to determine whether ASE elimination can be accompanied by the retention of persisting therapeutic benefits of these class of compounds. Recognizing the aberrant underlying neural circuitry that characterizes a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, and that classic psychedelics promote neuroplastic changes that may correct abnormal circuitry, investigators are rushing to design and discover compounds with psychoplastogenic, but not hallucinogenic (i.e., ASE), therapeutic potential. These efforts have paved the discovery of 'non-psychedelic/subjective psychedelics', or compounds that lack hallucinogenic activity but with therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models. This review aims to distill the current evidence - both clinical and preclinical - surrounding the question: can the ASE of classic psychedelics be dissociated from their sustained therapeutic properties? Several plausible clinical scenarios are then proposed to offer clarity on and potentially answer this question.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-024-06599-5", "pubmed_id": "38743110", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38743110/", "keywords": "5-HT2A, Acute subjective effects, Addiction, Classic psychedelics, Major depressive disorder, Neuropsychiatry, Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Substance use disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"38743110\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 625, "title": "Correction: Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises.", "normalized_title": "correction dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises", "authors": "Harding R, Singer N, Wall MB, Hendler T, Erritzoe D, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R, Roseman L.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-025-03066-1", "pubmed_id": "40481249", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03066-1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40481249\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 618, "title": "Control Group Outcomes in Trials of Psilocybin, SSRIs, or Esketamine for Depression: A Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "control group outcomes in trials of psilocybin ssris or esketamine for depression a meta analysis", "authors": "Hieronymus F, López E, Werin Sjögren H, Lundberg J.", "abstract": "ImportancePsilocybin has demonstrated rapid and sustained antidepressant efficacy, with acute-phase effect sizes often more than double those for conventional antidepressants. However, concerns have been raised that high rates of functional unblinding in combination with trial participants with positive expectations of psychedelic use might bias treatment outcomes.ObjectiveTo compare outcomes for patients receiving control treatments in randomized clinical trials of psilocybin for depression with control treatment outcomes from trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and esketamine.Data sourcesTwo previous meta-analyses and 1 US Food and Drug Administration review published between March 2019 and December 2024 were used to identify double-blind trials on adult major depressive disorder (MDD) or treatment-resistant depression (TRD) that had a relevant control treatment arm and used the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) for symptom rating.Study selectionFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline, trials of psilocybin for MDD and TRD, esketamine for TRD, and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for MDD were selected. Studies that included only individuals aged younger than 18 years or older than 65 years, used a crossover design, or had a duration less than 2 weeks were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisAll authors assessed the 3 reviews for includable trials. Three authors independently extracted data for all trials, with disagreements resolved by consensus discussion. Data were pooled using random-effects models.Main outcomes and measuresStandardized mean change (SMC) in MADRS scores from baseline to up to 6 weeks after randomization was used to assess within-group effect sizes, and standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to assess between-group effect sizes. Omnibus Test of Moderators (QM) was used to test whether the study population significantly moderated effect sizes.ResultsThe study included 17 trials: 4 of psilocybin (n = 373), 2 of esketamine (n = 573), and 11 of SSRIs (n = 4014). Pretreatment to posttreatment SMCs (SEMs) were 1.21 (0.15) for psilocybin, 1.28 (0.06) for SSRIs, and 1.43 (0.15) for esketamine and were 0.50 (0.15), 1.00 (0.08), and 1.12 (0.17) for their respective control treatments. Study population was a significant moderator of between-group SMDs (QM, 10.7; df, 2; P =.005) and pre- to post-control treatment SMCs (QM, 10.4; df, 2; P =.005) but not of pre- to post-active treatment SMCs (QM, 1.21; df, 2; P =.55). MADRS response rates for control treatments in SSRI trials were 14 percentage points higher than in psilocybin trials and in esketamine trials were 23 percentage points higher than in psilocybin trials. Dropout rates for psilocybin (active treatment: 10 of 186 [5%]; control: 20 of 187 [11%]) and esketamine (active treatment: 43 of 349 [12%]; control: 18 of 224 [8%]) were similar and considerably lower than for SSRIs (active treatment: 866 of 2694 [32%]; control: 467 of 1320 [35%]).Conclusions and relevanceIn this meta-analysis of control treatment outcomes in trials of psilocybin, SSRIs, or esketamine for depression, participants receiving control treatment in psilocybin trials had significantly less improvement in depression ratings than participants receiving control treatment in trials of SSRIs or esketamine. This might indicate that psilocybin's antidepressant efficacy is overestimated compared with that of SSRIs and esketamine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.24119", "pubmed_id": "40736734", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.24119", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40736734\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 617, "title": "Synthesis of Psilocin, Psilocybin and 5-MeO-DMT Succinate, All Labelled With Carbon-14 at the Indole 2-Position", "normalized_title": "synthesis of psilocin psilocybin and 5 meo dmt succinate all labelled with carbon 14 at the indole 2 position", "authors": "Rodney D. Brown, Niall M. Hamilton, Connor Mallon, James Stevenson, Michael T. Faley, Robert B. Kargbo, Alexander M. Sherwood, Balasubramaniam Upeandran", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Three novel 14 C-labelled isotopologues of the psychoactive agents psilocin, psilocybin and 5-methoxy- N, N -dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) were synthesised, all labelled at the 2-position of the indole. The syntheses involved incorporating the 3-dimethylaminoethyl substituent common to all three substances onto a 4- or 5-substituted indole intermediate via successive treatments with oxalyl chloride, dimethylamine and reduction with lithium aluminium hydride. Psilocybin- 2 - 14 C with a specific activity of 234 μCi/mg exhibited limited stability, but a 5.5-fold radio dilution with unlabelled psilocybin afforded material that maintained a radiochemical purity exceeding 97.5% after 1-month storage at ≤ −70°C. The stability of 5-MeO-DMT- 2 - 14 C succinate salt with a specific activity of 173 μCi/mg was assessed over a more extended storage period, and after 6 months at ≤ −70°C the radiochemical purity was 98.0%, supporting its use in long-term studies. The radiolabelled psilocybin- 2 - 14 C and 5-MeO-DMT- 2 - 14 C succinate represent new tools for in vivo pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies with psychedelic tryptamines. These novel derivatives may offer enhanced metabolic stability and facilitate more precise ADME and mass balance studies. Future research will explore their behaviour in biological systems to support necessary studies toward regulatory approval of both psilocybin and 5-MeO-DMT for treating mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.", "journal": "Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals", "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/jlcr.4155", "pubmed_id": "40743107", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.4155", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Chemistry, Tryptamines, Indole test, Oxalyl chloride, Hallucinogen, Stereochemistry, Medicinal chemistry, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Tryptamine, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412793773\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412793773\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":16,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1986446014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052693557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062787441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110804887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122510557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2414349356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775417640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999478951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107533476\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204600425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215766429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224106670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283719838\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387516067\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387866078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388574768\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388641010\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394009974\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400942073\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401815070\",\"https://openalex.org/W6673443735\",\"https://openalex.org/W6871435223\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110702701\",\"display_name\":\"Rodney D. Brown\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Niall M. Hamilton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8329-513X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119138860\",\"display_name\":\"Connor Mallon\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113034106\",\"display_name\":\"James Stevenson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092114091\",\"display_name\":\"Michael T. Faley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011222663\",\"display_name\":\"Balasubramaniam Upeandran\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S90602895\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.4155\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412793773" }, { "id": 595, "title": "Natural hallucinogens of fungal and animal origin: action and potentialapplications - a narrative review.", "normalized_title": "natural hallucinogens of fungal and animal origin action and potentialapplications a narrative review", "authors": "Ciszowski K, Ziaja A, Niedzielska-Andres E, Pomierny-Chamioło L.", "abstract": "IntroductionNatural hallucinogens derived from fungi and animals have been used for centuries in shamanic, ritualistic, and medicinal practices across diverse cultures. These compounds exhibit a widerange of structures and mechanisms of action, affecting various neurotransmitter systems pathways. Fungal hallucinogens, primarily indole alkaloids like psilocybin and ergot alkaloids, as well as animal-derived toxins, such as bufotenine, ciguatoxins, or semiochemicals from insects, can induce profound alterations in perception, cognition, and mood. Despite their traditional use and psychoactive effects, many of these substances remain underexplored in terms of pharmacology and therapeutic potential. Recent studies suggest their possible roles in treating neuropsychiatric disorders, inflammatory conditions, and chronic pain, highlighting the need for a systematic review of their biological activity and medical applications.Aim of the studyThis review aims to provide an overview of hallucinogenic compounds of fungal and animal origin, focusing on their chemical nature, pharmacodynamic properties, and current evidence for potential therapeutic use.MethodologyThe review was based on publications retrieved from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, covering the period from 1983 to 2025. Search terms included: fungal hallucinogens, animal-derived psychedelics, natural psychoactive compounds, toxicity, therapeutic application of hallucinogens, and psychedelic drug research.ResultsThe analyzed hallucinogens differ markedly in terms of chemical structure, receptor activity, intensity of hallucinogenic effects, and potential for clinical use. Preclinical and limited clinical data suggest beneficial effects in mood and anxiety disorders, treatment-resistant depression, pain syndromes, and potentially neurodegenerative diseases. Some compounds show promise as leads for the synthesis of novel bioactive molecules.ConclusionsHallucinogens of fungal and animal origin represent a biologically diverse and pharmacologically rich group of natural substances. Further interdisciplinary research is required to explore their mechanisms of action, safety profiles, and therapeutic potential. Their continued investigation may lead to the development of innovative treatments in neuropsychiatry and beyond.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.24425/fmc.2025.156119", "pubmed_id": "41329968", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2025.156119", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Fungi, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"41329968\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 540, "title": "Examining mystical experiences as a predictor of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "examining mystical experiences as a predictor of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Ryan M. Brudner, Erica Kaczmarek, Marc G. Blainey, Christian Schulz, Shakila Meshkat, Zoe Doyle, Orly Lipsitz, Hilary Offman, Rickinder Sethi, Geneva Weiglein, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a promising treatment for various psychiatric disorders. However, the exact biological and psychological mechanisms of action of PAP remain to be determined. Examining predictors of PAP outcomes may help identify necessary processes for positive treatment outcomes. Mystical experiences are considered a key aspect of the subjective effects of ingesting psilocybin. Mystical experiences have been observed to be possibly predictive of positive outcomes in psilocybin treatments. Therefore, some argue that mystical-type experiences are necessary to achieve therapeutic benefits. AIMS: The current study examines mystical experiences as a predictor of antidepressant treatment outcomes in PAP, in a complex clinical sample. METHODS: Participants included 31 individuals with a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) or Bipolar II Disorder (BDII), with treatment resistance to symptoms of their disorder. Participants had one, two, or three PAP treatments with a fixed dose of 25 mg of psilocybin. Depressive symptoms were measured at baseline, at a pre-dose visit and at 2 weeks post-dosing. The presence of mystical experiences was measured on the dosing day after the acute effects had resolved. RESULTS: For the first psilocybin dose, participants with greater levels of mystical experiences exhibited a greater antidepressant effect from PAP. This effect was not found at the second or third doses. CONCLUSION: These results provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that mystical experiences have therapeutic importance in PAP and extend the literature to include a clinical sample of individuals with treatment-resistant depression in the context of MDD or BDII.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-06-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811251346697", "pubmed_id": "40590216", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251346697", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Context (archaeology), Major depressive disorder, Antidepressant, Psychology, Psychiatry, Mysticism, Psychotherapist, Dosing, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Medicine, Anxiety, Internal medicine, Cognition, Hallucinogen, Philosophy, Biology, Paleontology, Macroeconomics, Theology, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411880520\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411880520\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W62922542\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756069429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903884088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911147930\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3026821888\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134098691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247582466\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295449270\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318393298\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362623650\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379093876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385230722\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386046484\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386209201\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386686242\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391069738\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392550813\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392799954\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399584694\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411392672\",\"https://openalex.org/W6869523170\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101948096\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Schulz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5615-2113\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091793322\",\"display_name\":\"Orly Lipsitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9110-7951\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029059594\",\"display_name\":\"Hilary Offman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6781-2420\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077689458\",\"display_name\":\"Rickinder Sethi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-5859\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114681119\",\"display_name\":\"Geneva Weiglein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068850044\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-2523\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251346697\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Mystical Experience,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411880520" }, { "id": 644, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies for Psychosocial Symptoms in Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapies for psychosocial symptoms in cancer a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Schuman HDM, Savard C, Mina R, Barkova S, Conradi HSW, Deleemans JM, Carlson LE.", "abstract": "This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates (1) the effectiveness of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) using psilocybin and ketamine for psychosocial symptoms in adults with cancer, (2) contextualizes findings with non-randomized and exploratory studies of other psychedelics, and (3) examines the role of therapeutic frameworks in shaping outcomes. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and EMBASE (2000-2024) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies investigating psychedelic agents in cancer populations. Meta-analyses pooled RCTs of psilocybin or ketamine using random-effects models. Non-randomized studies were synthesized narratively. Risk of bias and evidence certainty were assessed via Cochrane ROB2.0, NIH Before-After tool, and GRADE. Eleven placebo-controlled RCTs and four single open-label studies were included. Meta-analysis of four ketamine RCTs (n = 354) showed large, rapid effects on depression/anxiety (Hedges' g = -1.37, 95% CI: -2.66 to -0.08; I2 = 92%). Three psilocybin RCTs (n = 101) showed a large effect of psilocybin on alleviating depression (Hedges' g = -3.13, 95% CI: -10.04 to 3.77; I2 = 95%). MDMA and LSD trials suggested promise but lacked rigor. PAT may offer meaningful relief for cancer-related distress, though effects vary by therapeutic model and context. Oncology-specific trials are needed to standardize and scale for implementation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/curroncol32070380", "pubmed_id": "40710191", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32070380", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40710191\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4358, "title": "Evaluating Psilocybin as a Treatment for Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease", "normalized_title": "evaluating psilocybin as a treatment for neuropsychiatric symptoms in parkinson s disease", "authors": "Nayiri Barton", "abstract": "Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by motor symptoms due to dopaminergic degeneration and non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment, which significantly affect patients' quality of life. Traditional dopaminergic therapies address motor symptoms but offer limited efficacy for neuropsychiatric manifestations. Psilocybin, a serotonergic compound with strong affinity for the 5-HT2A receptor, has emerged as a promising candidate for addressing the complex symptomatology of PD, including its neuropsychiatric components. This review examines the pharmacological effects of psilocybin, particularly its ability to modulate serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, enhance neuroplasticity, and reduce neuroinflammation, offering a potential therapeutic approach for PD. While clinical research in PD remains limited, evidence from related conditions such as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) supports the notion that psilocybin could modulate both motor and non-motor symptoms in PD. Furthermore, psilocybin’s ability to induce brain network hyperconnectivity and regulate dopamine release offers mechanistic insight into its potential benefits. Despite the promising neurobiological underpinnings, ethical concerns and regulatory constraints remain barriers to widespread clinical use. Future research should prioritize disease-specific trials to explore psilocybin’s therapeutic efficacy, optimal dosing, and safety profile in PD, potentially redefining the treatment landscape for this underserved population.", "journal": "Global Journal of Medical Research", "publication_date": "2025-06-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.34257/gjmravol25is1pg1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.34257/gjmravol25is1pg1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Parkinson's disease, Medicine, Disease, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412955867\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412955867\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1964157254\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809808727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288400169\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W6902956737\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nayiri Barton\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210169248\",\"source_display_name\":\"Global Journal of Medical Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjmravol25is1pg1\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412955867" }, { "id": 649, "title": "The Clinical Applications of Psilocybin Therapies and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.", "normalized_title": "the clinical applications of psilocybin therapies and post covid syndrome a comprehensive narrative review", "authors": "Mathew A, Dongre R, Kim SH, Turner J, Mathew A, Cherryholmes E, Mehrinfar M, Kamprath S.", "abstract": "The coronavirus variant (causing the COVID-19 disease) that led to a pandemic sent global shockwaves, resulting in long-term effects on physical, mental, and social well-being and impacting both individuals and communities. With the pandemic's notable impact on mental health, one such potential treatment discussed in recent literature is psilocybin. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring prodrug compound found in select mushrooms shown to reduce clinical symptoms of certain mental health disorders. In this study, we review the status and usage of psilocybin in clinical practice preceding and following the COVID-19 pandemic. The search criteria for the study included psilocybin or psychedelics or psychedelic-therapy psychiatry and long-haul COVID. The search spanned English articles from January 2020 to April 2024, utilizing the PsychInfo, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and PubMed databases. Two reviewers independently screened each record to decide if a study met the inclusion criteria and to account for bias. Each article researched different pathologies, including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and COVID-19. The manuscripts collectively emphasize that there is evidence that psilocybin has a role in the treatment of said pathologies, with relatively safe outcomes if administered under proper medical supervision. Psilocybin use was followed up for a relatively long period after some trials, but further research is warranted to draw a more definitive conclusion regarding the therapeutic uses of psilocybin. Our review reflects that barriers to using psilocybin therapeutically for long-haul COVID-19 exist, which significantly impacts the scope of our research. While evidence suggests its efficacy in mental health conditions such as depression and mood disorders, more robust clinical trials are needed. Current literature supports the pharmacological basis that psilocybin may be effective in treating COVID-19 sequelae. Psilocybin's role in inhibiting SARS-Cov-2 protease shows promise, but ultimately, in vitro validation will be necessary before wider approval of the drug. Lastly, large clinical trials comparing psilocybin to standard care and assessing symptom relief in long-term COVID patients may help validate the findings seen in much of the current literature.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.86659", "pubmed_id": "40718283", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.86659", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40718283\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 585, "title": "Use of Psychedelic Agents in Older Adults with Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder: What the Evidence Shows.", "normalized_title": "use of psychedelic agents in older adults with treatment resistant major depressive disorder what the evidence shows", "authors": "Vinarcsik L, Smoller C, Grossberg G.", "abstract": "The use of drugs with psychedelic and dissociative effects for the treatment of psychiatric illnesses has become increasingly popular in recent years. However, few trials have been conducted to determine the efficacy of these agents in the specific setting of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) in older adults. In this paper, we review notable aspects of treatment-resistant MDD in older adults, review classical and nonclassical psychedelic agents and dissociative agents presently being trialed mostly in younger populations for the treatment of depression, and review what is known about trialing these agents in older adults with treatment-resistant MDD. Given the limitations to extant standard treatment and the potential risks associated with first-line pharmacological agents such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in this population, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy may offer an important alternative for managing treatment-resistant MDD in older adults. This subset of patients is understudied and stands to benefit significantly from improved treatment regimens. The limited research available that details psychedelic-assisted treatment in this specific group is promising. Here we focus on reviewing those agents with the most controlled data available, beginning with the dissociative anesthetic ketamine/esketamine, and the hallucinogenic agent psilocybin, and concluding with a brief review of related substances including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), ayahuasca, ibogaine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and mescaline. Treatment-resistant MDD is highly prevalent among older adults, and while preliminary findings seem promising regarding the safety and tolerability of psychedelics, concerns remain owing to insufficient data, and therefore further research is crucial to establish the safety, efficacy, and applications of psychedelic therapy in this population.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s40266-025-01221-5", "pubmed_id": "40553322", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-025-01221-5", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40553322\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Review Article,Older Adults,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 654, "title": "Long-term benefits of single-dose psilocybin in depressed patients with cancer", "normalized_title": "long term benefits of single dose psilocybin in depressed patients with cancer", "authors": "Manish Agrawal, Kim Roddy, Betsy Jenkins, Celia Leeks, Ezekiel Emanuel", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Patients with cancer often struggle with depression, which can negatively impact quality of life as well as be challenging to manage. METHODS: A phase 2 trial was conducted that demonstrated safety, feasibility, and efficacy of a single dose of psilocybin combined with psychological support in a community cancer setting in 30 patients with cancer and a major depressive disorder. Here, efficacy outcomes at 2 years' follow-up are reported. RESULTS: Of 28 patients, 15 (53.6%) demonstrated significant reduction in depression as measured by the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (average, -15.0 points from baseline; p", "journal": "Cancer", "publication_date": "2025-06-14", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/cncr.35889", "pubmed_id": "40518804", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35889", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Rating scale, Depression (economics), Anxiety, Quality of life (healthcare), Cancer, Internal medicine, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Oncology, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Nursing, Macroeconomics, Developmental psychology, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411327114\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411327114\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153153465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940589604\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W6959427619\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036339125\",\"display_name\":\"Kim Roddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108886818\",\"display_name\":\"Betsy Jenkins\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5118154767\",\"display_name\":\"Celia Leeks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012567636\",\"display_name\":\"Ezekiel Emanuel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-5735\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S126033908\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cancer\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35889\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411327114" }, { "id": 656, "title": "Evaluation of behavioural and neurochemical effects of psilocybin in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress", "normalized_title": "evaluation of behavioural and neurochemical effects of psilocybin in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress", "authors": "Ines Erkizia-Santamaría, Igor Horrillo, Nerea Martínez-Álvarez, Daniel Pérez-Martínez, Guadalupe Rivero, Amaia M. Erdozain, J. Javier Meana, Jorge E. Ortega", "abstract": "Depression and anxiety are disabling and high incidence mental disorders characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity. Currently available treatments show severe limitations. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective treatments in this population. In the search for novel rapid-acting antidepressants, the psychedelic psilocybin has emerged as a promising therapy in several clinical trials. However, its antidepressant mechanism of action is still not well understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in ameliorating the adverse behavioural and neurochemical consequences of chronic stress. To this end, a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) animal model was used, and psilocybin treatment was administered (two doses of 1 mg/kg, i.p., administered 7 days apart). Psilocybin reversed impairments in anhedonia and behavioural despair dimensions of depressive phenotype but not in apathy-related behaviour. Psilocybin administration was also able to exert an anxiolytic-like effect on treated animals. Physiological alterations caused by stress, indicative of a hyperactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), were not reversed by psilocybin. When neuroplasticity-related proteins were assessed in cerebral cortex, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was found to be decreased in stressed animals, and treatment did not reverse such impairment. Psilocybin administration increased the expression and function of serotonin-2A-receptor (5HT2AR) in brain cortex of control and CUMS groups. Furthermore, psilocybin treatment caused a selective increase in the expression of glucocorticoid-receptor (GR) in brain cortex of CUMS mice. In conclusion, psilocybin was able to rescue impairments in the depressive phenotype, and to induce anxiolytic-like effects. Furthermore, an enhancement in sensitivity to psilocybin-induced HTR was observed following a booster dose. Altogether, this work provides new knowledge on the putative benefit/risk actions of psilocybin and contributes to the understanding of the therapeutic mechanism of action of psychedelics.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-06-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-025-03421-4", "pubmed_id": "40517150", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03421-4", "keywords": "Neurochemical, Psilocybin, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychology, Neuroscience, Chronic stress, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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Erkizia-Santamaría\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-4571\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028869928\",\"display_name\":\"Igor Horrillo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-5884\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115558540\",\"display_name\":\"Nerea Martínez-Álvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Daniel Pérez-Martínez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066437036\",\"display_name\":\"Guadalupe Rivero\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-4047\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000178647\",\"display_name\":\"Amaia M. Erdozain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0207-9122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024198476\",\"display_name\":\"J. Javier Meana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7913-6714\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033481973\",\"display_name\":\"Jorge E. Ortega\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-874X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03421-4\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411302754" }, { "id": 4362, "title": "Is there mush-room to improve the environmental sustainability of psilocybin production?", "normalized_title": "is there mush room to improve the environmental sustainability of psilocybin production", "authors": "Luke Lanham, Alistair R. McTaggart, James R. Falconer", "abstract": "Mental health disorders and associated economic impact continue to rise domestically and globally. In 2023, to expand treatment options for individuals suffering Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD), the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) of Australia has permitted psychiatrist lead psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. Psilocybin, a psychedelic tryptamine found naturally in psychedelic mushrooms is presently synthesised, for clinical use, through synthetic or chemoenzymatic methods. Unfortunately, the synthesis-based methods are limited by low production yields, high material costs, multiple steps, and laborious in-process controls. Use of neoteric (“new”) solvents, such as supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) offers an environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic techniques. Favoured for its selective extraction, low supercritical process parameters (31.7°C and 72 bar), high permeability through plant matrices, and a lack of post-extraction residues, supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) presents a promising option for extracting novel psychedelic tryptamines from the fungi biomass. Presently, no publications demonstrate the use of scCO 2 in the extraction of psychedelic tryptamines from any plant biomass. Herein, to better understand the plausibility and need of alternative psilocybin supply pathways, the current synthetic, biosynthetic and chemoenzymatic production options are reviewed and compared to the possibility of scCO 2 extraction from the fungi biomass as a viable, environmentally conscious alternative. Additionally, a brief overview of psychedelic mushrooms and the medicinal importance of their psychedelic tryptamines is provided.", "journal": "Journal of CO2 Utilization", "publication_date": "2025-06-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jcou.2025.103137", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2025.103137", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Production (economics), Sustainability, Environmental science, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Economics, Ecology, Biology, Macroeconomics, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:39", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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McTaggart\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0996-1313\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050602271\",\"display_name\":\"James R. Falconer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7324-6605\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210172371\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of CO2 Utilization\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2025.103137\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411163945" }, { "id": 433, "title": "Long-term outcomes of single-dose psilocybin for U.S. military Veterans with severe treatment-resistant depression - 12-month data from an open-label pilot study", "normalized_title": "long term outcomes of single dose psilocybin for u s military veterans with severe treatment resistant depression 12 month data from an open label pilot study", "authors": "Sara Ellis, Catherine Bostian, Anna J. Donnelly, Wendy Feng, Katherine Eisen, Melanie Lean, Elizabeth Conlan, Michael J. Ostacher, Scott T. Aaronson, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2025-06-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2025.119655", "pubmed_id": "40499827", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119655", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Term (time), Psychiatry, Open label, Medicine, Psychology, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Economics, Physics, Macroeconomics, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411137642\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4411137642\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1905269802\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978161441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073441573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120460120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2187253811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2225653379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2488476603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792996600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810880335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000386776\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036684920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152628277\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396521040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402500386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406254344\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411392672\",\"https://openalex.org/W6761549762\",\"https://openalex.org/W6790052311\",\"https://openalex.org/W6872944616\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108335177\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Ellis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107647965\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bostian\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102767216\",\"display_name\":\"Anna J. Donnelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1992-2763\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103133978\",\"display_name\":\"Wendy Feng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8664-9745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052980069\",\"display_name\":\"Katherine Eisen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-4002\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078628093\",\"display_name\":\"Melanie Lean\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3654-9914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107534089\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Conlan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064731301\",\"display_name\":\"Michael J. Ostacher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0353-7535\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103093946\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-4045\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006219749\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119655\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4411137642" }, { "id": 663, "title": "Clinical conceptualisation of PTSD in psilocybin treatment: disrupting a pre-determined and over-determined maladaptive interpretive framework.", "normalized_title": "clinical conceptualisation of ptsd in psilocybin treatment disrupting a pre determined and over determined maladaptive interpretive framework", "authors": "Modlin NL, Williamson V, Maggio C, Stubley J, Kirlic N, Cleare A, Rucker J.", "abstract": "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated trauma and stressor-related disorders are common and debilitating, presenting significant treatment challenges due to their complex interplay of biological, cognitive, affective, somatic and social factors. Current treatments, while advancing and effective, yield limited efficacy for many individuals, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic approaches. This review explores the multifaceted nature of PTSD, emphasising its intricate predisposing and maintaining factors and explores the potential of psilocybin, a classical psychedelic, as a therapeutic agent. This review synthesises recent literature on the safety, efficacy and proposed mechanisms of action and change of psychedelic therapies for psychiatric conditions associated with traumatic stress, including treatment-resistant depression, end-of-life anxiety and anorexia nervosa. Correspondingly, it proposes a conceptual framework for psilocybin treatment in PTSD, framing the condition as a complex, maladaptive interpretive framework that is both predetermined and over-determined. A clinical narrative illustrates how psilocybin's unique psychopharmacological properties and catalysed subjective effects may facilitate therapeutic progress by disrupting this rigid and restricting framework. Finally, we offer recommendations for the safe administration of psilocybin for traumatised patients in medical research settings, emphasising the importance of rigorous and trauma-informed protocols and comprehensive patient care.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/20451253251342319", "pubmed_id": "40492108", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253251342319", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40492108\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Eating Disorders,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 652, "title": "Classic Psychedelics in Pain Modulation: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Future Perspectives.", "normalized_title": "classic psychedelics in pain modulation mechanisms clinical evidence and future perspectives", "authors": "Czopek A, Jończyk J, Fryc M, Kluzik D, Zagórska A.", "abstract": "Millions worldwide suffer from chronic pain, a complex condition often accompanied by depression and anxiety, highlighting the urgent need for innovative treatments. Classic psychedelics, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), primarily act on serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and have emerged as potential modulators of pain perception and mood regulation. These substances may offer an alternative to conventional analgesics, such as opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), by influencing neuroplasticity, descending pain modulation pathways, and inflammatory processes. Evidence from case studies, preclinical research, and early phase clinical trials suggests that psychedelics may alleviate pain in conditions such as cluster headaches, migraines, fibromyalgia, and chronic pain syndromes. However, the exact mechanisms underlying their analgesic properties are yet to be fully understood. While psychedelics show promise in reshaping pain management strategies, rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to establish their safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for chronic pain and emphasizes the necessity of further research to validate their role in modern pain medicine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152", "pubmed_id": "40474592", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00152", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Pain, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Analgesics, Hallucinogens, Pain Management, Chronic Pain", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40474592\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3672, "title": "Low-Income Group Psilocybin Assisted Therapy for Depression: A Feasibility Study", "normalized_title": "low income group psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a feasibility study", "authors": "Matthew Hicks", "abstract": "Due to psilocybin-assisted therapy's success in previous research, growing cultural awareness and use of psilocybin and other psychedelics, the Oregon Psilocybin Services Act passed by ballot measure in 2020 and began offering services in 2023. While the program has had many successes, a significant problem it faces is affordability and no research to date has investigated the therapy in a low-income population. Psychedelic research in recent decades has used the model of two therapists to one client to demonstrate an abundance of caution and safety to regulators, but no evidence has demonstrated this model to be safer or more effective than one with less practitioner oversight. This feasibility study would be the first investigation of Oregon Psilocybin Services as a model of care and among the first few to use a group therapy model. This study aims to test the feasibility of the model by assessing recruitment, retention, acceptability and safety of the treatment. In addition to an appropriate medical screening and intake the following questionnaire data will be collected: the Adverse Childhood Events (ACE) questionnaire, Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ), Hamilton Depression Inventory, PROMIS-29, Altered States of Consciousness (11-ASC) rating scale, and a survey and structured interview. Participants will consist of adults in Oregon with an income at or below 200% of the federal poverty level. Inclusion criteria will include DSM-5 diagnosis of major depression. Participants will be individually screened by a study investigator and placed into groups of five to six participants. Treatment will consist of two group preparation sessions, two psilocybin sessions, and two group integration sessions. An additional follow-up visit to collect further data will take place three months after conclusion of the treatment. The proposed study will provide valuable information for designing future clinical trials investigating the efficacy, mechanisms, and cost-effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted group therapy for depression in low-income populations.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-06-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06372197", "keywords": "Depression, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06372197\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3480, "title": "Optimizing Microdosing and Meditation", "normalized_title": "optimizing microdosing and meditation", "authors": "National University of Natural Medicine", "abstract": "The goal of this clinical trial is to test the feasibility of combining meditation with psilocybin microdosing in healthy adults. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Recruitment and retention feasibility 2. Acceptability, Safety and Tolerability 3. Exploratory Measures: 3.1: Explore potential changes in sleep quality and duration, heart rate variability, and other biometric outcomes captured by the Oura Ring (3rd generation). 3.2: Explore potential changes in quality of life scores 3.3: Explore potential differences in altered states of consciousness across groups 3.4: Explore qualitative data collected during sessions and at follow-up to assess satisfaction and receive feedback about the intervention. Every participant will receive the psilocybin microdosing intervention, however, half of the participants will be randomly selected to receive the meditation intervention. Research has shown that both meditation and high doses of psilocybin can produce enhanced feelings of well-being that persist. When combined, the synergistic effects might be more than the sum of the parts when treating mental health challenges like depression. The results for microdosing, on the other hand, are mixed, and there have yet to be studies on the synergy between microdosing and meditation. If the synergy between microdoses of psilocybin and meditation is significant, this suggests the possibility of a safe, effective, and low-cost intervention involving group-based meditation training and practice combined with a psilocybin microdosing protocol. The Oregon Psilocybin Services program provides a unique opportunity to test this possibility in the context of services now legally available to clients, allowing researchers to assess the safety and efficacy in a real-life context. Project aims and methods This study aims to test the feasibility of the model by assessing recruitment, retention, acceptability, safety, and preliminary efficacy of the intervention. In addition to an appropriate medical screening and intake we will collect questionnaire data using the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ), PROMIS-29, Five Facet of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Altered States of Consciousness (11-ASC) rating scale, and a survey and structured interview. During a one week wash-in period, the intervention period, and for one month after the intervention, Oura rings will be used to collect over 20 biometric data points including sleep quality, respiration rate, heart rate variability, and more. Participants will consist of adults in Oregon that will be individually screened by a study investigator and then randomized into two arms. One arm will receive microdosing only consisting of one group preparation session and two microdosing sessions per week for two weeks. The other arm will receive the same microdosing protocol with the addition of morning online meditation practice Monday through Friday for both weeks, and will utilize meditation practices during their microdose sessions. The meditation sessions will include opportunities for the group to discuss their meditation experiences and a psychoeducational component to further improve outcomes. This content will provide participants with a better understanding of the ruminations that interrupt their focus while meditating and encourage greater distance from, and less distress concerning, those thoughts. Expected outcomes The authors hypothesize that the model will be feasible if we are able to recruit at least 20 out of 24 expected participants, have an 80% retention rate of participants during the two week intervention period, participants on average rate their satisfaction of the intervention as 3.0 or higher on a 5-point scale, there are no more than ten adverse events or more than one serious adverse event, and data from exploratory measures indicate that further investigation is warranted. Despite the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granting Breakthrough Therapy status to psilocybin for the treatment of depression,56 it remains on the Drug Enforcement Agency's (DEA) Schedule I list of controlled substances alongside heroin and cocaine. While the DEA and the FDA have become increasingly more willing to grant waivers for research into psychedelic drugs, the proposed study does not require such a waiver to comply with the law. This is due to the unique construction of Oregon's Psilocybin Services Act (Chapter 475A of Oregon Statutes). The state law creates a program wherein licensed growers, inspected by licensed laboratories, can distribute psilocybin mushrooms to licensed service centers. It is only within the approved boundaries of these service centers and while supervised by a licensed facilitator that the mushrooms can be consumed by clients who must stay on site for a designated amount of time that depends on the dose. According to Oregon Health Authority Administrative rule 333-333-5130, facilitators of psilocybin service are prohibited from (1) practicing any other scope of practice they may have (e.g. naturopathic medicine) while facilitating, and (2) handling, selling, or transferring psilocybin at any time. Thus, while it is technically true that growers, services centers, and clients are liable for trafficking and possession of a Schedule I substance, the federal government has adopted a policy of allowing state programs such as this in a manner similar to their policy on cannabis. Complying with Oregon law means that study investigators are not administering or providing psilocybin, but instead are studying the facilitation of the services. At the request of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the National University of Natural Medicine (NUNM) for a similar study, this rationale was confirmed via direct communication with the regional DEA office who agreed with this interpretation of both federal and state law. Participants are given clear information on their liability in order to provide consent.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-06-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06560658", "keywords": "Meditation, Microdosing, Psilocybin, psilocybin microdosing, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06560658\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Consciousness,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 462, "title": "Psychedelics in the Treatment of Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders: Coincidence or a New Point of View.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in the treatment of neurologic and psychiatric disorders coincidence or a new point of view", "authors": "Lashgari NA, Khalaji M, Rana P, Badrabadi F, Rahnama M, Nasoori H, Momeni Roudsari N, Khosravi Nia MM, Shafaroodi H.", "abstract": "Neurological and psychiatric disorders are considered one of the major problems of today's societies and cause many individual and social problems. Current treatments are effective, but due to their burdens, there is always an effort to introduce novel treatments. Psychedelics, a diverse group of psychoactive compounds, including LSD, psilocybin, DMT, MDMA, and ketamine, have shown potential in modulating neurologic and psychiatric disorders due to several mechanisms. This review investigates the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in both neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders due to their several mechanisms such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and biological properties. This study was conducted across major databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Medline, due to the systematically searched literature including clinical, preclinical, and in vitro studies. Psychedelic compounds such as psilocybin, LSD, and MDMA have demonstrated beneficial effects across various models of neuropsychiatric and neurologic disorders, including depression, PTSD, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. These effects are mediated through multiple mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory actions (e.g., downregulation of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α), antioxidant activity (e.g., induction of SOD), and enhancement of neuroplasticity through increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor such as BDNF. Additionally, psychedelics modulate key neurotransmitter systems, notably increasing synaptic levels of serotonin and dopamine, which are critically involved in mood regulation and cognitive function. Compared to conventional treatments, psychedelics offer faster onset, durable effects, and possible disease-modifying properties, making them promising candidates for future neurotherapeutics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-06-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s12035-025-05097-9", "pubmed_id": "40461729", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-025-05097-9", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Nervous System Diseases, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40461729\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 541, "title": "Self-inflicted transorbital intracranial foreign body following ingestion of hallucinogenic psilocybin mushrooms", "normalized_title": "self inflicted transorbital intracranial foreign body following ingestion of hallucinogenic psilocybin mushrooms", "authors": "Abigail M. Blanton, Pooja Parikh, Scott Zhou, Mohamed Mohamed, Rafael Ufret-Vincenty, Ronald Mancini", "abstract": "Purpose: Self-inflicted penetrating orbital trauma is a rare ophthalmologic emergency requiring timely intervention and neurological monitoring to identify and treat any possible intracranial complications and to prevent irreversible vision loss. This case report aims to describe a fatal case of self-inflicted ocular trauma following the consumption of psilocybin mushrooms, necessitating urgent multidisciplinary care by the ophthalmology and neurosurgery services. Observations: A21-year-old Hispanic male presented urgently to the emergency department (ED) after self-inflicted ocular trauma with a wood-cased pencil, which was embedded in the upper eyelid and transversed the left orbit, extending to the pons, as depicted on computed tomography (CT). Physical examination of the left eye was difficult due to the risk of displacement of the pencil within the brainstem and concern for further damage. The pencil was successfully removed via fluoroscopy-guided neuro-interventional catheterization and stenting. Following the removal of the foreign body, there was no apparent damage to the globe, and a canthotomy/cantholysis was performed due to increased retro-orbital pressure. The neurovascular damage sustained by the trauma led to a progressive neurological decline in the following days and, ultimately, a fatal outcome. Conclusions and importance: With growing support in the literature for psilocybin and its therapeutic medicinal benefits for conditions such as depression and anxiety, this report details a case of self-inflicted trans-orbital trauma with brainstem injury following ingestion of this psychoactive hallucinogen along with the proper medical and surgical management.", "journal": "American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports", "publication_date": "2025-06-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102359", "pubmed_id": "40535325", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102359", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Foreign body, Surgery, Anesthesia, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Hallucinations in medical conditions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4410946123\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4410946123\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W25265873\",\"https://openalex.org/W1485232062\",\"https://openalex.org/W1488419107\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964253779\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967832780\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973153922\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982625002\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990802823\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000163942\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000419239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019517327\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024964629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026792720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031931099\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074592380\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079258526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115683886\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119169680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140629404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143830348\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156414904\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186722690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266435781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2302330318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328027868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413619871\",\"https://openalex.org/W2417652823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2531794899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2593564506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757390367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2758542882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790481213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793042385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794118706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2797762872\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804789712\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891256775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894431596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903619067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905791849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994886340\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006069447\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011879014\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014694911\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023228010\",\"https://openalex.org/W3037934079\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046147488\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109742642\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112874964\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135650175\",\"https://openalex.org/W3150029331\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3209897336\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4303928079\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367043450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378952365\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393152707\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394684735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399265928\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406149995\",\"https://openalex.org/W4407263257\",\"https://openalex.org/W6686723187\",\"https://openalex.org/W6716841330\",\"https://openalex.org/W6728496540\",\"https://openalex.org/W6744325583\",\"https://openalex.org/W6771370531\",\"https://openalex.org/W6780142453\",\"https://openalex.org/W6793570898\",\"https://openalex.org/W6851585595\",\"https://openalex.org/W6853330759\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Abigail M. Blanton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6259-9265\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076185892\",\"display_name\":\"Pooja Parikh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5996-6959\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Scott Zhou\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104560224\",\"display_name\":\"Mohamed Mohamed\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065398495\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael Ufret-Vincenty\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8022-5119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043578488\",\"display_name\":\"Ronald Mancini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6454-7238\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2765008417\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102359\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Case Report,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4410946123" }, { "id": 685, "title": "Correction to: Unraveling psilocybin's therapeutic potential: behavioral and neuroplasticity insights in Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar male rat models of treatment-resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "correction to unraveling psilocybin s therapeutic potential behavioral and neuroplasticity insights in wistar kyoto and wistar male rat models of treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Kolasa M, Nikiforuk A, Korlatowicz A, Solich J, Potasiewicz A, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M, Bugno R, Hogendorf A, Bojarski A, Faron-Górecka A", "abstract": "", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-05-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-024-06654-1", "pubmed_id": "39030424", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39030424/", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"39030424\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 671, "title": "There's More Than One Way to Bring Health Back: Divergent Effects of Psilocybin and Escitalopram Treatment on Emotional Brain Function in Depression.", "normalized_title": "there s more than one way to bring health back divergent effects of psilocybin and escitalopram treatment on emotional brain function in depression", "authors": "Fonzo GA, Doss MK, Nemeroff CB.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20250247", "pubmed_id": "40450555", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250247", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40450555\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 587, "title": "Neurocognitive effects of psilocybin: A systematic and comprehensive review of neuroimaging studies in humans.", "normalized_title": "neurocognitive effects of psilocybin a systematic and comprehensive review of neuroimaging studies in humans", "authors": "Berkovitch L, Fauvel B, Preller KH, Gaillard R.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a psychedelic serotonergic compound that is renowned for its potent psychoactive effects. Over the past 15 years, an increasing number of controlled clinical trials showed that it has a fast-acting and sustainable efficacy in treating various psychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging studies have been conducted with the objective of elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the subjective and therapeutic effects of psilocybin. However, the diversity of neuroimaging techniques, tasks, and analytical approaches makes it difficult to gain a comprehensive overview of psilocybin's effects on the brain. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a systematic review in the Medline, Psychinfo and Cochrane databases between January 1, 1990, and May 9, 2025, following PRISMA recommendations. A total of 81 articles met the inclusion criteria. A variety of neuroimaging techniques were employed in small samples of healthy volunteers and patients with medical conditions. The studies investigated the effects of psilocybin on brain activity and connectivity, both at rest and during cognitive tasks. They revealed that psilocybin reproducibly impacted neuronal networks such as the default mode network. However, other findings were more inconsistent. Psilocybin effects on the brain were associated with acute alterations in self-experience, sensory and emotional processing, and sustained effects on mood, personality, and social functioning. In patients with depression, clinical outcomes correlated with brain changes. This review indicates that psilocybin induces acute and long-lasting functional brain changes. While these neuroimaging data require confirmation and further expansion, they shed light on the mechanisms of psilocybin's acute subjective and therapeutic effects in humans.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106239", "pubmed_id": "40456393", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106239", "keywords": "Brain, Nerve Net, Humans, Hallucinogens, Cognition, Neuroimaging, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40456393\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3081, "title": "Converging pathways: shared brain circuitry engaged by monoaminergic antidepressants, ketamine and psilocybin", "normalized_title": "converging pathways shared brain circuitry engaged by monoaminergic antidepressants ketamine and psilocybin", "authors": "Joseph K, Collins J, Genovese T, Maxwell M, Lieberman JA, Osten P.", "abstract": "Ketamine has transformed depression treatment by providing therapeutic relief within a single day, unlike monoaminergic antidepressants that require weeks to take effect. Here, we conducted whole-brain screening in mice to compare drug-evoked c-fos expression-acting as a marker of brain activity leading to protein synthesis-dependent forms of plasticity-following treatment with monoaminergic antidepressants, ketamine and psilocybin. Our findings reveal a shared limbic brain circuit comprising subcortical and frontal cortical regions, with a key distinction: c-fos-based activity in the prelimbic and infralimbic frontal cortex-areas strongly implicated in depression-was acutely induced by ketamine and high-dose psilocybin, but emerged only after chronic dosing with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine or psilocybin microdosing. These results suggest the existence of a core limbic subcortico-cortical circuit underlying antidepressant efficacy, provide mechanistic insight into the delayed therapeutic effects of monoaminergic antidepressants, and reveal a close similarity in brain activity evoked by monoaminergic antidepressants and psilocybin microdosing.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-05-29", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.05.26.655791", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.26.655791", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1028717\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Microdosing,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 688, "title": "Patients’ Attitudes Toward Hallucinogenic and Non-Hallucinogenic Psilocybin for Mental Health Treatment", "normalized_title": "patients attitudes toward hallucinogenic and non hallucinogenic psilocybin for mental health treatment", "authors": "Araam Abboud, Clay M. Schiebrel, Ramzi W. Nahhas, Sam Durkin, Kyle Hua, Hannah Redding, Danielle Gainer", "abstract": "This study examined patient perspectives on psilocybin therapy, specifically their acceptance and views on the therapeutic benefits of both hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic forms. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among psychiatric patients aged 18-65 at a community mental health center, assessing their attitudes, knowledge, and acceptance of psilocybin therapy. In total, 62.4% of the participants expressed openness to hallucinogenic psilocybin (p =.009), while 60.4% were open to non-hallucinogenic forms (p =.023). Patients with major depressive disorder preferred hallucinogenic therapy more (p =.010), while those with borderline personality disorder (BPD) (p =.030) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (p =.035) favored non-hallucinogenic options, possibly due to concerns about the intensity of hallucinogenic experiences. Individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) demonstrated a greater acceptance of both hallucinogenic (p =.007) and non-hallucinogenic forms (p =.046) than individuals without SUD. These findings suggest that societal stigma is not a significant barrier to psilocybin therapy and that non-hallucinogenic forms may provide a more accessible option for certain patient groups. Understanding patient perspectives on psilocybin therapy, including vulnerability to adverse hallucinogenic experiences, can inform personalized and effective treatments for resistant conditions.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2025-05-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2025.2511752", "pubmed_id": "40443112", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2511752", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Ayahuasca, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Psychology, Psychoactive substance, Mental health, Psychiatry, Medicine, Sociology, Serotonin, Anthropology, Receptor, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4410874041\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4410874041\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093274439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2265226459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891113994\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944434778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984882636\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998403265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133450788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"https://openalex.org/W3186232511\",\"https://openalex.org/W3198659533\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210474529\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290990311\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309472913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312084004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361292040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366089680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380371967\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387473380\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388486766\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389164252\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390755783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396236933\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396849828\",\"https://openalex.org/W7048550162\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095064985\",\"display_name\":\"Araam Abboud\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020918844\",\"display_name\":\"Clay M. Schiebrel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111600988\",\"display_name\":\"Ramzi W. Nahhas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Sam Durkin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117765472\",\"display_name\":\"Kyle Hua\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083097874\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah Redding\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020627511\",\"display_name\":\"Danielle Gainer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-7579\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2511752\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Personality Change,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4410874041" }, { "id": 3708, "title": "Role of the Serotonin 2A Receptor in Psilocybin-induced Altered States of Consciousness (PDR-Study)", "normalized_title": "role of the serotonin 2a receptor in psilocybin induced altered states of consciousness pdr study", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "Psilocybin (active compound of \"magic mushrooms\") is a prototypical psychedelic substance that acts via agonism on serotonin (5-HT) 2A receptors. Psilocybin is rapidly metabolized into its active metabolite psilocin. Psilocybin is currently under investigation as potential treatment for various neuropsychiatric disorders. Psilocybin is also widely used for recreational purposes and as research tool in neuroscience. Besides its current clinical development, a clear characterization of the dose-response relationship of psilocybin is lacking. With the present study the investigators aim to close this knowledge gap by administering low (5mg) to high (40mg) single doses of psilocybin to healthy participants. Besides its agonism on 5-HT2A receptors, psilocin also binds to other receptors and inhibits serotonin transporters (SERT). To this data only few studies have investigated these effects and never at a high dose. Psilocybin is widely used for recreational and spiritual purposes. Additionally Psilocybin is currently reused in experimental studies with healthy subjects and in studies investigating its effects on patients suffering from anxiety, depression, addiction personality disorders and other pathological conditions. The present PDR-study will characterize the subjective effects of different doses of psilocybin using modern psychometric instruments, explore the relationship between the plasma-concentration of psilocybin and its subjective effects, and examine the contribution of the 5-HT2A receptor in the psilocybin-induced alterations of consciousness in a mechanistic study in healthy subjects. Participants will recieve doses of 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg psilocybin, 40 mg of psilocybin with pretreatment of 40 mg ketanserin, and placebo (control for psilocybin). Placebo pretreatment (control for ketanserin) will be used for all psilocybin administrations without ketanserin. Administrations will be separated by at least 10 days and are in random and counter-balanced order.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-05-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06796361", "keywords": "Healthy, Ketanserin 40mg plus Psilocybin 40mg, 40mg Psilocybin, 20mg Psilocybin, 10mg Psilocybin, 5mg Psilocybin, Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06796361\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Personality Change,Spirituality,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 689, "title": "The Potential Role of Psilocybin in Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery: A Narrative Review.", "normalized_title": "the potential role of psilocybin in traumatic brain injury recovery a narrative review", "authors": "Palmer C, Ferber AT, Greenwald BD.", "abstract": "Background: This narrative review explores psilocybin's potential use as a therapeutic agent in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: We engaged in a search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane's databases for information on the effects of psilocybin. We also reviewed articles where psilocybin was used in patients with TBI. Articles from 2000-2025 were included. Results: A total of 29 articles met our initial inclusion criteria. Additionally, 13 articles were obtained from reference lists and 3 more articles on the legality of psilocybin from public websites. Conclusions: Assisted psilocybin use may have benefits in TBI by reducing inflammation, promoting neuroplasticity and neuroregeneration, and alleviating associated mood disorders. Positive findings in related fields, like treatment for depression and addiction, highlight the necessity for more extensive clinical trials on psilocybin's role in TBI recovery.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci15060572", "pubmed_id": "40563744", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15060572", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40563744\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 665, "title": "Role of endogenous serotonin in psychedelic-like effects of psilocybin in mice", "normalized_title": "role of endogenous serotonin in psychedelic like effects of psilocybin in mice", "authors": "Ines Erkizia-Santamaría, Nerea Martínez-Álvarez, Leyre Salinas-Novoa, J. Javier Meana, Jorge E. Ortega", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The psychedelic psilocybin has been posited as efficacious for the treatment of depression. However, the potential link between the intensity of acute psychedelic effects and long-term therapeutic outcomes remains undiscovered. Moreover, the impact of classical antidepressant drugs that modulate serotonergic activity on psilocybin's effects is a clinically relevant concern. The aim of the present study was to assess serotonergic mechanisms implicated in the regulation of the intensity of the psilocybin-induced acute effects. METHODS: The head-twitch response (HTR), the most translational behavioral assay to characterize the psychedelic-like effect in rodents was performed. Moreover, the role of endogenous serotonin (5-HT) on psilocybin-induced HTR was studied by in vivo brain microdialysis technique. RESULTS: Maximally effective psilocybin dose (1 mg/kg) induced progressively lower HTR in heterozygous and homozygous knockout mice for serotonin 2A receptor (5HT2AR), compared to wild type. Synaptic increase of 5-HT by citalopram dose-dependently attenuated psilocybin-induced HTR after both acute and chronic dosing regimens. Conversely, depletion of 5-HT by p-chlorophenylalanine potentiated psilocybin-evoked HTR. Serotonin 1A receptor (5HT1AR) agonist 8-OH-DPAT dose-dependently decreased psilocybin-induced HTR, demonstrating functional interaction between 5HT2AR and 5HT1AR for psychedelic effects. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings reveal an inverse correlation between cortical 5-HT levels and the acute psychedelic-like effects of psilocybin. Consequently, the enhancement of serotonergic activity induced by prior antidepressant treatment may underlie interindividual variability in the acute response to psychedelics. Investigating these mechanisms in relation to the sustained therapeutic outcomes of psilocybin could contribute to optimizing the efficacy of psychedelic-based therapies.", "journal": "The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-05-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1093/ijnp/pyaf035", "pubmed_id": "40413648", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyaf035", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Serotonin, Endogeny, Hallucinogen, Neuroscience, Pharmacology, Psychology, Medicine, Internal medicine, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4410718370\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4410718370\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":7,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1435813042\",\"https://openalex.org/W1563937250\",\"https://openalex.org/W1921464947\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965363587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980779249\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994153884\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026643634\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030313035\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128437336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135447632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2284048615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2777548161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047879827\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116452987\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213217218\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4233435953\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252518069\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308486832\",\"https://openalex.org/W4377142748\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391286658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391574526\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396518351\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400013914\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404349949\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406097304\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406874124\",\"https://openalex.org/W4409147414\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064629089\",\"display_name\":\"Ines Erkizia-Santamaría\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-4571\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115558540\",\"display_name\":\"Nerea Martínez-Álvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117691312\",\"display_name\":\"Leyre Salinas-Novoa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024198476\",\"display_name\":\"J. Javier Meana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7913-6714\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033481973\",\"display_name\":\"Jorge E. Ortega\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-874X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S199972112\",\"source_display_name\":\"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyaf035\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4410718370" }, { "id": 3642, "title": "An Investigation of Strategies to Understand and Optimize the Antidepressant Effects of Psilocybin (The OPTIMIZE Study)", "normalized_title": "an investigation of strategies to understand and optimize the antidepressant effects of psilocybin the optimize study", "authors": "Charles Raison", "abstract": "This study will examine the effects of a single dose of psilocybin, administered with psychological support, on symptoms of depression. It will also assess whether different post-dosing interventions, including a non-invasive technique called transcutaneous auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS), influence various psychological and behavioral outcomes. In addition, the study will explore objective measures of real-world social behavior and identify early behavioral responses that may be associated with long-term treatment outcomes. One hundred forty-one adults ages 18 to 70 experiencing a major depressive episode of at least 60 days duration of moderate or greater severity at screening will be enrolled to obtain evaluable data on approximately 120 subjects. All subjects will receive a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin using a \"set and setting\" therapeutic approach that will include 1) several hours of preparatory sessions prior to dosing and 2) the presence of two facilitators throughout the dosing session; and 3) several post dosing integration sessions with a facilitator. Following the psilocybin dosing session, subjects will be randomized to 1) taVNS (7 days of twice daily taVNS), 2) sham taVNS (7 days of twice daily sham taVNS), or 3) no taVNS. Both taVNS and sham sessions will include guided prompts encouraging participants to reflect on key aspects of their psychedelic experience, accompanied by music previously used during the psilocybin dosing session. Participants will complete assessments at multiple time points to evaluate depression, anxiety, well-being, functional disability, quality of life, social behavior, suicidal ideation, and adverse events before and after psilocybin dosing.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-05-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06512194", "keywords": "Depression, Psilocybin, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, Usona Institute Psilocybin, Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS), taVNS, Sham taVNS, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06512194\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Wellbeing,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3747, "title": "Age and cannabis co-use moderate experience and perceived benefits of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "age and cannabis co use moderate experience and perceived benefits of psilocybin", "authors": "Hooper J, Williams S, Mueller R, Hutchison K.", "abstract": "As psychedelic use increases, understanding how demographic and behavioral factors influence the effects of psychedelics is essential for both research and public health. This cross-sectional study examined 365 current psilocybin users, analyzing differences in acute experiences, psychological outcomes, and substance co-use patterns. Participants were categorized into young (18-25), middle-aged (26-54), and older (55-77) adults. Results showed that younger participants reported significantly more adverse experiences while older adults had milder subjective effects. Despite differences in adverse experiences, age did not significantly impact mystical experiences, psychological insight, or psychological outcomes. Polysubstance use patterns also varied by age, as younger adults were more likely to co-use nicotine with psilocybin. Cannabis co-use specifically was associated with greater improvements in quality of life, anxiety, depression, and alcohol abuse, suggesting potential synergies between psilocybin and THC. These findings emphasize that age and cannabis co-use may modulate aspects of psilocybin’s acute effects and therapeutic outcomes. Given the increasing legalization and accessibility of psychedelics, future research should further investigate mechanisms underlying individual differences and assess the impact of polysubstance use with psychedelics.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-05-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/dczw2_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dczw2_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:18", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1024536\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Mystical Experience,Older Adults", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3090, "title": "Age and cannabis co-use moderate experience and perceived benefits of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "age and cannabis co use moderate experience and perceived benefits of psilocybin", "authors": "", "abstract": "As psychedelic use increases, understanding how demographic and behavioral factors influence the effects of psychedelics is essential for both research and public health. This cross-sectional study examined 365 current psilocybin users, analyzing differences in acute experiences, psychological outcomes, and substance co-use patterns. Participants were categorized into young (18-25), middle-aged (26-54), and older (55-77) adults. Results showed that younger participants reported significantly more adverse experiences while older adults had milder subjective effects. Despite differences in adverse experiences, age did not significantly impact mystical experiences, psychological insight, or psychological outcomes. Polysubstance use patterns also varied by age, as younger adults were more likely to co-use nicotine with psilocybin. Cannabis co-use specifically was associated with greater improvements in quality of life, anxiety, depression, and alcohol abuse, suggesting potential synergies between psilocybin and THC. These findings emphasize that age and cannabis co-use may modulate aspects of psilocybin’s acute effects and therapeutic outcomes. Given the increasing legalization and accessibility of psychedelics, future research should further investigate mechanisms underlying individual differences and assess the impact of polysubstance use with psychedelics.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-05-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/dczw2_v1", "keywords": "age, cannabis, harms, psilocybin, psychedelic, public health, well being, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Health Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"dczw2_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Mystical Experience,Older Adults", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 588, "title": "Lessons learned from the regulatory alignment in ketamine, esketamine and arketamine clinical trials: A cross-sectional analysis of protocols from ClinicalTrials.gov.", "normalized_title": "lessons learned from the regulatory alignment in ketamine esketamine and arketamine clinical trials a cross sectional analysis of protocols from clinicaltrials gov", "authors": "Swieczkowski D, Kwaśny A, Sadko K, Pruc M, Gaca Z, Szarpak L, Cubała WJ.", "abstract": "Ketamine and its enantiomers, esketamine and arketamine, have emerged as promising treatments for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This cross-sectional study evaluates the regulatory alignment of 40 clinical trials listed on ClinicalTrials.gov, focusing on the methodological challenges. The study highlights methodological inconsistencies, particularly around the challenges of functional unblinding caused by ketamine's dissociative effects, addressing expectancy bias, and the inadequate safety monitoring practices in many trials. A notable concern is the variability in blinding techniques, with many trials failing to adequately mask the perceptual effects of ketamine, potentially compromising outcome assessments. Furthermore, the placebo response, which accounts for a significant portion of treatment effects, was not consistently managed across trials, and safety strategies, particularly for monitoring adverse events such as dissociation and abuse potential, were not uniformly robust. Another critical issue is the lack of long-term follow-up in most trials, limiting the understanding of ketamine's safety profile over extended periods. The findings emphasize the need for harmonized and rigorous methodological frameworks to support the effective use of ketamine and its enantiomers in clinical practice. The potential lessons learned from these trials could be instrumental in guiding future research on other psychedelics currently under investigation for mental health disorders, such as psilocybin and DMT, ensuring both efficacy and safety in future therapeutic approaches. Such harmonization will be crucial to improve regulatory approval and achieve therapeutic success in real-world applications, making these treatments more accessible and reliable for patients with TRD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116559", "pubmed_id": "40440859", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116559", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Antidepressive Agents, Cross-Sectional Studies, Clinical Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Outcome Assessment, Health Care", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40440859\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 696, "title": "Can the gut-brain axis provide insight into psilocybin's therapeutic value in reducing stress?", "normalized_title": "can the gut brain axis provide insight into psilocybin s therapeutic value in reducing stress", "authors": "Kit A, Conway K, Makarowski S, O'Regan G, Allen J, Shultz SR, Bodnar TS, Christie BR.", "abstract": "There is growing interest in exploring the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of psilocybin on stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), addiction, and disordered eating. Despite promising progressions in preclinical and clinical research, the neurobiological and physiological mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of psilocybin remain complex, involving multiple systems with numerous homeostatic feedback signaling pathways throughout the body. This review paper explores how psilocybin mechanistically interacts with the gut microbiota, enteric nervous system, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and how psilocybin influences the bidirectional communication between peripheral and neuronal systems. Shifting towards a more integrated paradigm to unravel the mechanisms through which psilocybin affects the bidirectional gut-brain axis holds the promise of significantly advancing our understanding of psilocybin-based therapies from preparation of treatment, administration, to proceeding long-term integration. Such an understanding can extend beyond the treatment of psychiatric disorders, further encompassing a broader spectrum of inflammatory-related disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.ynstr.2025.100732", "pubmed_id": "40496249", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2025.100732", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40496249\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Animal Study,Microbiome,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3762, "title": "Under Pressure: Stronger depressive symptoms are associated with more positive expectations towards experimental treatments", "normalized_title": "under pressure stronger depressive symptoms are associated with more positive expectations towards experimental treatments", "authors": "Basedow LA, Lottes L, Falkenberg I, Vogelbacher C, Yildiz C.", "abstract": "Background: Despite significant advancements in the treatment of depression, challenges such as inadequate response rates and high placebo effects highlight the need for improved therapies and a deeper understanding of treatment expectations. Patient expectations play a crucial role in treatment outcomes but have not been systematically investigated in the context of novel interventions like ketamine and psilocybin. Objectives: This study aimed to assess patient acceptance, experiences, and expectations regarding established depression treatments (psychotherapy, psychotherapy plus antidepressants) and novel interventions (ketamine-assisted therapy, psilocybin-assisted therapy, psychotherapy plus placebo). Methods: A web-based survey (N = 404) was conducted using a case vignette depicting a patient diagnosed with severe depression. Participants rated treatment acceptance, ranked treatment preferences, and reported expectations regarding improvement, worsening, and side effects for each intervention. Depression severity was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Repeated-measures analyses of variance (RM-ANOVA) and multilevel modeling were used to examine the relationship between treatment expectations and depression severity. Results: Established treatments were more accepted and preferred over novel interventions, with psychotherapy receiving the highest acceptance (98.3%) and psilocybin the lowest (47.5%). Participants expected greater symptom improvement from traditional treatments compared to ketamine and psilocybin, which were associated with higher expectations of worsening and side effects. However, higher depression severity was linked to more favorable expectations of ketamine- and psilocybin-assisted therapy. This effect was specific to novel treatments and was not observed for psychotherapy or antidepressants. Conclusions: Traditional depression treatments are viewed as more acceptable and effective, while novel interventions evoke skepticism, likely due to unfamiliarity and concerns about risks. However, individuals with more severe depressive symptoms exhibit greater openness to innovative treatments. These findings underline the importance of managing patient expectations in psychedelic-assisted therapy and suggest that clinician education and well-balanced informed consent procedures could improve treatment acceptance.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-05-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/6hjkm_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/6hjkm_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:19", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1022290\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Aging,Observational Study,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3183, "title": "Under Pressure: Stronger depressive symptoms are associated with more positive expectations towards experimental treatments", "normalized_title": "under pressure stronger depressive symptoms are associated with more positive expectations towards experimental treatments", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Despite significant advancements in the treatment of depression, challenges such as inadequate response rates and high placebo effects highlight the need for improved therapies and a deeper understanding of treatment expectations. Patient expectations play a crucial role in treatment outcomes but have not been systematically investigated in the context of novel interventions like ketamine and psilocybin. Objectives: This study aimed to assess patient acceptance, experiences, and expectations regarding established depression treatments (psychotherapy, psychotherapy plus antidepressants) and novel interventions (ketamine-assisted therapy, psilocybin-assisted therapy, psychotherapy plus placebo). Methods: A web-based survey (N = 404) was conducted using a case vignette depicting a patient diagnosed with severe depression. Participants rated treatment acceptance, ranked treatment preferences, and reported expectations regarding improvement, worsening, and side effects for each intervention. Depression severity was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Repeated-measures analyses of variance (RM-ANOVA) and multilevel modeling were used to examine the relationship between treatment expectations and depression severity. Results: Established treatments were more accepted and preferred over novel interventions, with psychotherapy receiving the highest acceptance (98.3%) and psilocybin the lowest (47.5%). Participants expected greater symptom improvement from traditional treatments compared to ketamine and psilocybin, which were associated with higher expectations of worsening and side effects. However, higher depression severity was linked to more favorable expectations of ketamine- and psilocybin-assisted therapy. This effect was specific to novel treatments and was not observed for psychotherapy or antidepressants. Conclusions: Traditional depression treatments are viewed as more acceptable and effective, while novel interventions evoke skepticism, likely due to unfamiliarity and concerns about risks. However, individuals with more severe depressive symptoms exhibit greater openness to innovative treatments. These findings underline the importance of managing patient expectations in psychedelic-assisted therapy and suggest that clinician education and well-balanced informed consent procedures could improve treatment acceptance.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-05-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/6hjkm_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"6hjkm_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Aging,Observational Study,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3694, "title": "Investigating the Role of Serotonin in the Mechanism of Action of Psilocybin in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "investigating the role of serotonin in the mechanism of action of psilocybin in patients with major depressive disorder", "authors": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "abstract": "This is an interventional, parallel arm assignment treatment study in individuals with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Each individual will be treated with a single dose of pimavanserin or placebo plus a single dose of psilocybin. Evaluations will be taken before dosing and following dosing at several timepoints up to 5 weeks post-dosing. In this study, the researchers want to probe the role of the 5-HT2A receptor in mediating the subjective effects of psilocybin. While previous studies have shown that blockage of the 5-HT2A receptor reduces the psychedelic experience in humans, an animal study revealed that blockage of the 5-HT2A receptor abolished the psychedelic effects without affecting the antidepressant response. This suggests that the pathway responsible for the antidepressant response is dissociated from the psychedelic experience pathway, which is mediated by 5-HT2A signaling.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-05-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06592833", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, Pimavanserin, Nuplazid, Placebo, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06592833\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 885, "title": "Serotonergic psychedelics for depression: A comprehensive overview.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic psychedelics for depression a comprehensive overview", "authors": "Wingert AM, Agnorelli C, Peill J, Reed S, Nutt DJ, Erritzoe D.", "abstract": "Depressive disorders continue to pose a major clinical challenge worldwide, particularly given the high prevalence and increasing number of treatment-resistant cases. Over the past decade, advances in research have elucidated the antidepressant potential of psilocybin and other 5-HT₂A receptor agonists in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Phase I and II clinical trials have consistently demonstrated that even a single administration can yield rapid and sustained symptom reduction. These effects compare favourably with conventional pharmacotherapies such as SSRIs and ketamine. The distinctive pharmacological profile and robust safety data associated with serotonergic psychedelics make them particularly promising candidates, especially for patients who do not respond to standard treatments. Nonetheless, several challenges impede their integration into routine clinical practice, including the resource-intensive nature of psychedelic-assisted therapy, which demands specialized training and controlled settings. Despite those limitations, some countries including Australia, Switzerland or Canada are paving the way by allowing the use of psilocybin in TRD cases. This chapter reviews the antidepressant potential of psilocybin, DMT, ayahuasca and 5-MeO-DMT based on modern clinical trial data, comparing effect sizes of psychedelics to conventional treatments like SSRIs and ketamine, and provides a brief overview of their potential neurobiological mechanisms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2025.04.009", "pubmed_id": "40541312", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2025.04.009", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40541312\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 674, "title": "The pharmacological treatment of anxiety in people with eating disorders: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "the pharmacological treatment of anxiety in people with eating disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Morris R, Keeler J, Treasure J, Himmerich H.", "abstract": "People with eating disorders experience high rates of psychiatric comorbidities, including anxiety disorders such as generalised anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder and specific phobias. Anxiety can influence the prognosis of an eating disorder, by worsening symptoms, and acting as a barrier to treatment. Therefore, targeting treatment efforts towards anxiety may improve eating disorder outcomes. The primary aim of this systematic review was to summarise the evidence base for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety symptoms in people with eating disorders. An electronic search of three databases (PubMed, Medline, and PsycInfo) was conducted. Papers were included if they investigated pharmacotherapy (antidepressants, antipsychotics, antianxiety, psychedelics, etc.) in eating disorder samples, with primary or secondary outcomes of anxiety. A total of 51 studies were included, and results were mixed across drug classes documenting both favourable and non-significant anxiety outcomes. There was evidence for the use of fluoxetine for anxiety in anorexia and bulimia nervosa, but not for binge eating disorder. Evidence for the use of olanzapine was documented for anxiety in AN, and preliminary case reports suggested its use in ARFID for anxiety symptoms. Preliminary evidence for developing pharmacological agents, such as psilocybin and ketamine, reported favourable outcomes in AN patients. More RCTs are required to explore efficacy and safety of pharmacological agents in treating anxiety in people with eating disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107782", "pubmed_id": "40378942", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107782", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Antipsychotic Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Feeding and Eating Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40378942\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Eating Disorders,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 630, "title": "The effect of psychedelic microdosing on animal behavior: A review with recommendations for the field.", "normalized_title": "the effect of psychedelic microdosing on animal behavior a review with recommendations for the field", "authors": "Syed OA, Petranker R, Tsang B.", "abstract": "Microdosing, the repeated use of psychedelic substances at low doses, is growing in popularity among recreational consumers. While this practice is associated with many benefits to mood, well-being and health, research in this area is in its early stages and predominantly centered on human applications. In this narrative review, we synthesize the findings from studies investigating the effects of microdosing on the behaviors of three animal species: rats, mice, and zebrafish. A total of 12 studies were identified that implemented a microdosing regimen of LSD, psilocybin, or DMT in these animal models. Overall, microdosing caused little changes in behaviors associated with anxiety- and depressive-like states. Moreover, while microdosing was well-tolerated across species, further research is needed to capture specific safety concerns. Finally, we critically appraise the studies included in this review based on their methodologies and discuss further avenues of research to advance the preclinical literature on psychedelic microdosing. Specifically, we recommend that future research prioritize the replication of existing findings to inform the development of robust study designs and dosing protocols, as well as establish standardized methodologies to enable effective comparisons across different animal models. Furthermore, future investigations should explore the therapeutic potential of mescaline microdosing, examine sex-dependent effects, and extend research to additional models of psychiatric conditions, including those related to obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106204", "pubmed_id": "40348309", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106204", "keywords": "Animals, Mice, Rats, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Behavior, Animal, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40348309\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,OCD,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 629, "title": "Non-hallucinogenic psychedelics for mood and anxiety disorders: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "non hallucinogenic psychedelics for mood and anxiety disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Chen MJQ, Chen-Li D, Chisamore N, Husain MI, Di Vincenzo JD, Mansur RB, Phan L, Johnson D, McIntyre RS, Rosenblat JD.", "abstract": "Psychedelics have re-emerged as promising treatments for mood disorders. The current model provides a moderate-to-high dose of a psychedelic agent (e.g., psilocybin) to reliably induce an altered state of consciousness. Unfortunately, the hallucinatory effects limit the treatment's potential scalability given patients' vulnerability and extensive monitoring costs, leading to growing interest in non-hallucinatory psychedelics (NHPs). This review's objective was to identify, summarize and synthesize all published pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluating NHPs for mood and anxiety disorders. We included five animal studies demonstrating antidepressant-like effects through assessments like forced swim test (FST) and open field test (OFT) without observing head-twitch response (HTR), and one case report that identified a patient who inadvertently combined trazodone and psilocybin and experienced potent antidepressant effects without psychedelic effects. These preliminary findings provide a strong impetus for further investigation in human samples with rigorously designed clinical trials that may delineate the potential antidepressant effects of psychedelics without hallucinatory effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116532", "pubmed_id": "40354769", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116532", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40354769\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 702, "title": "Exploring the Role of Psychedelics in Modulating Ego and Treating Neuropsychiatric Disorders.", "normalized_title": "exploring the role of psychedelics in modulating ego and treating neuropsychiatric disorders", "authors": "Wang H, Wang X", "abstract": "This viewpoint explores the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in treating neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly through the modulation of brain entropy and the experience of ego dissolution. Psychedelics disrupt rigid neural patterns, facilitating enhanced connectivity and fostering profound emotional breakthroughs that may alleviate symptoms of disorders like depression, anxiety, PTSD, and addiction. Despite their promising potential, the clinical application of psychedelics presents significant challenges, including the need for careful patient screening, managing adverse experiences, and addressing ethical considerations, all of which are essential for their safe integration into therapy.", "journal": "ACS chemical neuroscience", "publication_date": "2025-05-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00247", "pubmed_id": "40254808", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40254808/", "keywords": "Default mode network, Ego, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Neuropsychiatric diseases, Psilocybin, Psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40254808\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3539, "title": "The Effects of Psilocybin on Self-Focus and Self-Related Processing in Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on self focus and self related processing in major depressive disorder", "authors": "Sharmin Ghaznavi", "abstract": "This open-label functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study will assess the effects of a single dose of psilocybin on rumination and the neural correlates of rumination in individuals with major depressive disorder.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-05-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06247839", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06247839\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3088, "title": "Psilocybin Mitigates Behavioral Despair and Cognitive Impairment in Treatment-resistant Depression Model using Wistar Kyoto Rats", "normalized_title": "psilocybin mitigates behavioral despair and cognitive impairment in treatment resistant depression model using wistar kyoto rats", "authors": "Wang Z, Robbins B, Zhuang R, Bruggen Rv, Sandini T, Li X, Zhang Y.", "abstract": "Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability that affects over 300 million people globally. Despite multiple antidepressant trials, approximately one-third of MDD patients remain symptomatic, progressing to treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This persistence possibly is due to the multifaceted etiology of TRD, encompassing biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Chronic stress, prevalent in modern life, significantly contributes to mental health disorders and complicates TRD treatment. This study investigated psilocybin as a potential TRD treatment using a diathesis-stress animal model. Twenty-two male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were divided into control and stress groups, with the stress group further subdivided to receive either sham treatment or psilocybin as early intervention. Behavioral assessments demonstrated a significant and sustained beneficial effect of psilocybin on behavioral despair and cognitive impairment. Biochemical analyses revealed psilocybin-induced increases in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels without significant changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The ability of psilocybin to counter stress-induced TSH reductions suggested that TSH may serve as a proxy marker of therapeutic response, although its causal role in mood regulation remains unclear. Additionally, following psilocybin administration, changes in cannabinoid receptor type I (CB1R) suggest a potential modulation of psilocybin intervention on the component of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), though causal links remain unconfirmed without antagonist studies. These findings highlight the potential of psilocybin to treat TRD through the targeting of previously unexplored biological pathways.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2025-05-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-5493661/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5493661/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1015165\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 703, "title": "A protocol for a scoping review of variations among psychedelic interventions for psychological suffering associated with the end-of-life.", "normalized_title": "a protocol for a scoping review of variations among psychedelic interventions for psychological suffering associated with the end of life", "authors": "Kratina S, Strike C, Schwartz R, Nayfeh A, Jopling S, Lo C, Rush B.", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential to ease psychological suffering linked to end-of-life issues. However, amid renewed scientific and public interest, policy remains restrictive. Existing reviews have made progress in synthesizing the results of studies of psychedelic interventions, especially psilocybin, and particularly with regard to their outcomes related to anxiety and depression, long-term effects and safety. Despite this progress, a wide range of both substances (such as ayahuasca, psilocybin, ketamine) and therapeutic approaches (such as psychedelics alone, or psychotherapy assisted with a psychedelic) in the use of psychedelic interventions specifically for end-of-life populations, has not been adequately covered by reviews to date. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and learn from the variety of psychedelic substances and therapeutic approaches that exists within the research on therapeutic psychedelic interventions reported in populations coping with psychological suffering associated with life-threatening illness and the end of life itself. We will follow Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) framework for scoping reviews while incorporating updated methodological guidance. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline will be used to organize the search and identification of research focusing on psychedelic interventions, psychological suffering, and end-of-life issues. Health science databases such as Medline, Embase, APA PsychINFO, and CINAHL will be searched. The search will be limited to empirical published data on 'end-of-life', 'psychedelics', and 'psychological suffering'. Data extracted from selected studies will cover intervention details, participant characteristics, measured outcomes, and theorised mechanisms. The insights gained from this review will be used to inform future research and discussions on how psychedelics can be integrated into care strategies for populations coping with end-of-life concerns. This scoping review does not require ethics approval.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-05-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0318343", "pubmed_id": "40327705", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318343", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Terminal Care, Stress, Psychological, Psilocybin, Scoping Reviews As Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40327705\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4378, "title": "Psilocybin-gestützte Therapie von Depression, Angst und Suchtstörungen: Neurobiologische Grundlagen und klinische Anwendung", "normalized_title": "psilocybin gestützte therapie von depression angst und suchtstörungen neurobiologische grundlagen und klinische anwendung", "authors": "Anna Lasch, Timo Schweikert, Eva Dora, Theresa Kolb, Hanne Lilian Schurig, Andreas Walther", "abstract": "Zusammenfassung Eine erfolgreiche Therapie psychischer Störungen ist angesichts des häufig vorhandenen Leidensdrucks der Betroffenen sehr wichtig. Da anerkannte pharmazeutische und psychotherapeutische Ansätze leider nicht für alle Patient:innen zur erwünschten Besserung ihres Leidens führen, findet intensive Forschung zu ergänzenden oder alternativen Behandlungsmethoden statt. Besonders vielversprechend zeigte sich zuletzt die Psilocybin-gestützte Psychotherapie, die in den USA deshalb für klinische Studien mit größeren Stichproben als bisher zugelassen wurde. Psilocybin gehört zu den Psychedelika und beeinflusst in seiner Wirkung das psychische Erleben. Bei der gestützten Therapie wird Psilocybin in kontrollierten Dosen unter medizinischer Aufsicht verabreicht. In den bisher durchgeführten Studien konnten bereits nach einer, bis wenigen Einnahmen längerfristige positive Effekte in Hinblick auf die jeweiligen Störungsbilder gezeigt werden. Um ein besseres Verständnis der potenziellen therapeutischen Mechanismen zu ermöglichen, sollen in diesem Artikel zunächst Erkenntnisse zur Wirkweise von Psilocybin auf neurobiologischer und psychologischer Ebene vorgestellt werden. Anschließend soll die Analyse der bisher durchgeführten klinischen Studien mit einer Anwendung von Psilocybin bei Patient:innen helfen, das Potential der Psilocybin-gestützten Psychotherapie für verschiedene Störungsbilder besser einschätzen zu können.", "journal": "Nervenheilkunde", "publication_date": "2025-04-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1055/a-2517-1621", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2517-1621", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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Lasch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091979031\",\"display_name\":\"Timo Schweikert\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091979032\",\"display_name\":\"Eva Dora\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103026747\",\"display_name\":\"Theresa Kolb\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3239-941X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091979034\",\"display_name\":\"Hanne Lilian Schurig\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2125-8612\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003565157\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Walther\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4516-1783\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S143149996\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nervenheilkunde\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2517-1621\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409999287" }, { "id": 706, "title": "Divergent Effects of Psilocybin for 2 Patients Participating in a Psilocybin-assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Trial for Major Depressive Disorder.", "normalized_title": "divergent effects of psilocybin for 2 patients participating in a psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy trial for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Weintraub MJ, Miklowitz DJ, Jeffrey JK.", "abstract": "We present divergent experiences of 2 patients who participated in a clinical trial of psilocybin-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder. Both patients participated in an open trial involving 2 drug administration sessions separated by one month (10 and 25 mg, respectively) along with 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy. The first of the 2 patients had powerful and beneficial experiences on psilocybin that led to immediate and sustained antidepressant effects over the 7-month study. The second participant reported significant challenges with psilocybin and minimal to no antidepressant effects following the drug administration. We present the clinicians' experiences who treated both patients. Finally, we theorize and discuss areas of future research to elucidate how psilocybin can yield the greatest psychiatric benefit, the conditions within the patient that can lead to (or inhibit) psychiatric benefit, and the psychosocial environment that can best facilitate psilocybin therapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1097/pra.0000000000000853", "pubmed_id": "40440674", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/pra.0000000000000853", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Psilocybin, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40440674\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 705, "title": "From molecules to meaning: unpacking the antidepressant mechanisms of psychedelic drugs.", "normalized_title": "from molecules to meaning unpacking the antidepressant mechanisms of psychedelic drugs", "authors": "Acero VP, Flatt TA, Gooch PM, Gaughan SJ, Levin AW, Davis AK", "abstract": "Psychedelic compounds are emerging treatments for depression, capable of producing rapid and lasting symptom reduction after 1-2 administrations in the context of psychotherapy - a stark contrast to traditional antidepressants. Despite promising outcomes, the mechanisms underlying psychedelics' reported antidepressant effects remain poorly understood and are often framed in fragmented ways. Clarifying these mechanisms is crucial for guiding future research and clinical innovation with psychedelics. This review critically examines current evidence on the mechanisms by which psychedelics may exert antidepressant effects. We highlight key mechanisms of action within biological, psychological, social, and spiritual domains that we believe are among the most compelling and deserving of further investigation. Throughout, we compare these mechanisms to those proposed for traditional antidepressants, identifying points of overlap and divergence. Although mechanistic research is valuable, an overemphasis on identifying discrete pathways may limit psychedelic science. Psychedelics likely work through complex, interwoven biological, psychological, and experiential processes that cannot be fully reduced to single mechanisms. Future research should move beyond frameworks and metrics used to validate conventional antidepressants to explore how suprapharmacological factors - set, setting, therapy modality, and integration - shape outcomes. Embracing this complexity is essential to realizing psychedelics' full therapeutic potential for depression.", "journal": "Expert review of clinical pharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-04-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/17512433.2025.2515866", "pubmed_id": "40470809", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40470809/", "keywords": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy for depression, psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca, and 5-MeO-DMT for depression, psychedelic mechanism of action, psychedelic pharmacology, psychedelic transdiagnostic mechanisms, psychedelics for depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40470809\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Spirituality,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4386, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy shows range of benefits in cancer patients", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy shows range of benefits in cancer patients", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psychotherapy in combination with pharmacological treatments is often used to treat affective symptoms in patients with cancer. However, the effectiveness of the most commonly used medications is limited by the risk of adverse effects. Two ­placebo-controlled trials have found that patients with cancer-related psychiatric distress experienced rapid and sustained reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms following one session of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. A new analysis of data from the two studies examined the effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on a broader range of psychiatric symptoms. The trials employed a crossover design in which patients with cancer received high-dose psilocybin in one session and a control of niacin or low-dose psilocybin in the other. Investigators used the Brief Symptom Inventory to evaluate the effect of psilocybin-assisted therapy on nine psychiatric symptom dimensions: anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, obsession-compulsion, somatization, paranoia, phobia, and psychosis. Among the studies' 79 participants, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy significantly improved anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, obsession-compulsion, and somatization. Psilocybin-assisted therapy also did not induce lasting paranoia, phobia, or psychosis, with the study's authors writing that these findings add “further evidence that psilocybin can be safely administered following rigorous screening under close medical supervision.” The researchers attributed the multidimensional effects of psilocybin in part to its action on the serotonin 2A receptor. “While larger clinical trials will ultimately be needed to validate these findings, our study suggests that [psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy] has the potential to be a comprehensive mental health treatment for patients with cancer,” the authors wrote. [P. Petridis et al. Nature Mental Health (2024), https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00331-0]", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2025-04-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31316", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31316", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Cancer, Cancer therapy, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409945764\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409945764\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31316\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409945764" }, { "id": 4385, "title": "Trial finds psilocybin improves symptoms in treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "trial finds psilocybin improves symptoms in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2025-04-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31317", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31317", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409945649\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409945649\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31317\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409945649" }, { "id": 631, "title": "Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises", "normalized_title": "dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises", "authors": "Rebecca Harding, Neomi Singer, Matthew B. Wall, Talma Hendler, David Erritzøe, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, Leor Roseman", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy (PT) is emerging as an effective intervention for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), offering comparable efficacy to conventional treatments like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Music, an emotionally evocative stimulus, provides a valuable tool to explore changes in hedonic and predictive processing mechanisms via expectancy violations, or 'surprises'. This study sought to compare behavioural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses to musical surprises in MDD patients treated with either PT or the SSRI, escitalopram. In this secondary analysis of a trial, 41 MDD patients (with usable fMRI data) were randomly assigned to either PT (n = 22) or escitalopram (n = 19) treatment groups. Participants listened to music during fMRI and tracked their emotional experience, both before and after a 6-week intervention. Surprise-related valence and arousal indices were calculated. Musical surprises were entered as regressors for whole-brain and region of interest fMRI analyses. PT caused a greater decrease in anhedonia scores compared with escitalopram. While escitalopram led to reductions in surprise-related affective responses, PT showed no significant change. Escitalopram was associated with increased activation in memory and emotional processing areas during musical surprises (versus control events) when compared with PT. Following PT, there was decreased activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and angular gyrus, and greater activation in sensory regions. PT may allow for the subjective response to musical surprises to be maintained through a lasting reduction in the salience of prediction errors, or, alternatively, by increasing hedonic priors. Contrastingly, escitalopram may diminish hedonic priors, highlighting fundamental differences in treatment mechanisms.", "journal": "Molecular Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-04-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-025-03035-8", "pubmed_id": "40281226", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03035-8", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psychology, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Major depressive disorder, Audiology, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Cognitive psychology, Amygdala, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409788022\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409788022\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W835957587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1710428390\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972659678\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975398216\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977628053\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988603612\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991754315\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994477474\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998274826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016526030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028969637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033034887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038509004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051697612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056835885\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068715462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074895886\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085281696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097456989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097820550\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098294305\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101540672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105771114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111621157\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121938245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124270977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126819724\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133852590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134248637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141317245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146282882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151422895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152287648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153777989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155959499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156809536\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157376352\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161185297\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164480306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2294151124\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2337964085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398774478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553251493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605144346\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624535799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767772099\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791796165\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796695613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801890140\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897541226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921439445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924792926\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949303212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969792281\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981446641\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981670329\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993128957\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3030446149\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084129590\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094026898\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3141277936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154128718\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220729694\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247883378\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290860874\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310295919\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313251651\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353057135\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366748155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379284995\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390571425\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402975017\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110297305\",\"display_name\":\"Rebecca Harding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2701-6930\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009187908\",\"display_name\":\"Neomi Singer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-1605\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069665617\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Wall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-6274\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063798638\",\"display_name\":\"Talma Hendler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4182-4335\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S71149355\",\"source_display_name\":\"Molecular Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03035-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409788022" }, { "id": 3591, "title": "Treatment With Psilocybin for Chronic Neuropathic Pain and Depression (TRANSCEND): An Open-Label Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "treatment with psilocybin for chronic neuropathic pain and depression transcend an open label clinical trial", "authors": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the chemical component of \"magic mushrooms\", has been administered with psychotherapy in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing large and sustained antidepressant effects. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin therapy for adults with chronic neuropathic pain and co-morbid treatment resistant depression.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-04-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06518720", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin 25 mg, PEX010, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06518720\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 463, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a rapid-acting treatment for cancer-related depression and anxiety: Evidence from a network meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy as a rapid acting treatment for cancer related depression and anxiety evidence from a network meta analysis", "authors": "Damian Świeczkowski, Aleksander Kwaśny, Michał Pruc, Zuzanna Gaca, Łukasz Szarpak, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała", "abstract": "Objective To evaluate psilocybin's efficacy in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in cancer patients based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) followed PRISMA and Cochrane Handbook guidelines. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library data up to July 2024 were analyzed. Two RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Changes in Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores were assessed on day 1 and on 2-week follow-up. The risk of bias was evaluated with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. Results Psilocybin significantly reduced BDI scores at day 1 post-administration (MD = 2.26; P = 0.01), though effects were not sustained at 2 weeks. STAI state scores showed substantial reductions at both day 1 (MD = 11.52; P < 0.001) and 2 weeks (MD = 12.66; P < 0.001). STAI trait scores also improved on both day 1 and day 14. The highest psilocybin dose (0.3 mg/kg) was the most effective, with SUCRA values of 87.81% (BDI), 91.58% (STAI state), and 94.2% (STAI trait). Conclusions Findings suggest psilocybin may rapidly reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms in cancer patients, but methodological limitations, including the small number of trials, necessitate cautious interpretation. Larger, high-quality RCTs are needed to verify its clinical potential.", "journal": "The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine", "publication_date": "2025-04-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/00912174251337572", "pubmed_id": "40279353", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251337572", "keywords": "Anxiety, Randomized controlled trial, Meta-analysis, Psilocybin, Cochrane Library, Medicine, Beck Depression Inventory, Depression (economics), Systematic review, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Clinical psychology, MEDLINE, Hallucinogen, Political science, Macroeconomics, Law, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409797469\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409797469\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1529403805\",\"https://openalex.org/W1537972189\",\"https://openalex.org/W1617328014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042474539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065621119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2764275027\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W3019350884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118615836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W4233408923\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361292040\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471767\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390271950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391953134\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396223530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396230194\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401779935\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402500386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405244747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405695737\",\"https://openalex.org/W4406306242\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037446509\",\"display_name\":\"Damian Świeczkowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5648-4652\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113262565\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksander Kwaśny\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065893595\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Pruc\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2140-9732\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050968304\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Gaca\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7200-0402\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022117993\",\"display_name\":\"Łukasz Szarpak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-5455\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070339940\",\"display_name\":\"Wiesław Jerzy Cubała\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6343-8454\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S48834210\",\"source_display_name\":\"The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251337572\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409797469" }, { "id": 626, "title": "5-HT2A receptors: Pharmacology and functional selectivity.", "normalized_title": "5 ht2a receptors pharmacology and functional selectivity", "authors": "Cummins BR, Billac GB, Nichols DE, Nichols CD.", "abstract": "Serotonin 5-HT2A receptors were one of the first serotonin receptors to be pharmacologically characterized. In mammals, they are expressed throughout the body in nearly every cell and tissue type, with the highest density in cortical layer V of the brain. They are involved in several aspects of normal physiological processes and behaviors and have been implicated in the etiology of neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. Atypical antipsychotics have targeted blockade of 5-HT2A receptors as part of their therapeutic mechanism. More recently, 5-HT2A receptors have come to prominence for their role as the primary target for psychedelic drugs, which activate this receptor subtype to produce their characteristic behavioral effects. 5-HT2A receptor agonists like psilocybin, dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide have each demonstrated long-lasting therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials for psychiatric disorders such as major depression and substance use disorders. There is a significant effort in both academia and industry to develop new agonists of 5-HT2A receptors with therapeutic efficacy. There are 3 primary scaffolds for agonists: tryptamines, ergolines, and phenylalkylamines, each engaging different subsets of amino acid residues in the receptor binding pocket. Differences can lead to differential responses between ligands for functionally selective outcomes. Here, we provide a historical perspective on 5-HT2A receptors, their key structural features and motifs involved in ligand-receptor interactions, and how these interactions can affect signaling pathways downstream of the receptor. Understanding how ligands interact with the 5-HT2A receptor will fundamentally inform future drug discovery to optimize therapeutics for a variety of disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Psychedelic drugs have demonstrated long-lasting therapeutic efficacy for several conditions in multiple clinical trials. Their target, serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, are GPCRs with complex pharmacology. Having knowledge of how ligands interact with 5-HT2A receptors in the orthosteric binding pocket at the structural level to induce specific signal transduction pathways will inform on efforts to design and develop functionally selective drugs to potentially treat a variety of diseases.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pharmr.2025.100059", "pubmed_id": "40418878", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmr.2025.100059", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40418878\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 500, "title": "Incremental efficacy systematic review and meta-analysis of psilocybin-for-depression RCTs.", "normalized_title": "incremental efficacy systematic review and meta analysis of psilocybin for depression rcts", "authors": "Borgogna NC, Owen T, Petrovitch D, Vaughn J, Johnson DAL, Pagano LA, Aita SL, Hill BD.", "abstract": "RationalePsilocybin is a potentially paradigm-shifting depression intervention. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of psilocybin-for-depression randomized controlled trials (RCTs).ObjectivesSystematically assess harm reporting, risk of bias, action mechanism specification, and incremental therapeutic effect sizes in the psilocybin-for-depression RCT literature.MethodsAssessed databases included PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus. Search terms \"Psilocybin\" or \"Psychedelic\" were paired with \"Depression\", and \"Randomized Controlled Trial\" or \"RCT\".ResultsWe identified k = 9 RCTs (k = 10 subgroups) involving n = 602 participants (56% psilocybin). Five studies had low/very low harm quality reporting, opposed to two with high. Most studies demonstrated a high risk of bias. Therapeutic mechanisms of action (MoAs) were discussed in varying detail but rarely assessed in original publications. Psilocybin was moderately superior to controls at reducing depression (g = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.27, 0.98). Effects were heterogenous (τ =.47). Smaller studies evidenced stronger effects that favored psilocybin (Egger's b0 = 3.63, p =.014). Almost all studies documented financial conflicts of interests.ConclusionPsilocybin demonstrates significant depression reduction relative to controls. However, researchers, clinicians, and stakeholders should consider several contextual factors. Effects were moderate and attenuated in larger and better-controlled studies. Harms reporting and risk of bias was high, though partly driven by unique challenges of psilocybin research. MoAs were variably specified but rarely assessed; suggesting it is unclear how depression is reduced. We advise researchers conduct RCTs with active control conditions, larger samples, and include MoA assessments. Independent RCTs from researchers without financial conflicts of interest are needed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-22", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-025-06788-w", "pubmed_id": "40266291", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06788-w", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40266291\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 734, "title": "Evaluating the effectiveness of psilocybin in alleviating distress among cancer patients: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "evaluating the effectiveness of psilocybin in alleviating distress among cancer patients a systematic review", "authors": "Lapid MI, Pagali SR, Randall AL, Donovan KA, Bronars CA, Gauthier TA, Bock J, Lim SD, Carey EC, Sokolowski E, Ulrich AM, Hassett LC, Kung S, Whitford KJ, Olivier KR, D'Andre SD.", "abstract": "ObjectivesPsychological and existential distress is prevalent among patients with life-threatening cancer, significantly impacting their quality of life. Psilocybin-assisted therapy has shown promise in alleviating these symptoms. This systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence on the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in reducing cancer-related distress.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane database, Embase, and Scopus from inception to February 8, 2024, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), open-label trials, qualitative studies, and single case reports that evaluated psilocybin for cancer-related distress. Data were extracted on study characteristics, participant demographics, psilocybin and psychotherapy intervention, outcome measures, and results. Two authors independently screened, selected, and extracted data from the studies. Cochrane Risk of Bias for RCTs and Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies criteria were used to evaluate study quality. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024511692).ResultsFourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising three RCTs, five open-label trials, five qualitative studies, and one single case report. Psilocybin therapy consistently showed significant reductions in depression, anxiety, and existential distress, with improvements sustained over several months. Adverse effects were generally mild and transient.Significance of resultsThis systematic review highlights the potential of psilocybin-assisted therapy as an effective treatment for reducing psychological and existential distress in cancer patients. Despite promising findings, further large-scale, well-designed RCTs are needed to confirm these results and address existing research gaps.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1017/s147895152500032x", "pubmed_id": "40259688", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s147895152500032x", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Stress, Psychological, Psilocybin, Psychological Distress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40259688\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 708, "title": "Rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of vaporized N,N-dimethyltryptamine: a phase 2a clinical trial in treatment-resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of vaporized n n dimethyltryptamine a phase 2a clinical trial in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Falchi-Carvalho M, Palhano-Fontes F, Wießner I, Barros H, Bolcont R, Laborde S, Ruschi B Silva S, Montanini D, C Barbosa D, Teixeira E, Florence-Vilela R, Almeida R, K A de Macedo R, Arichelle F, J Pantrigo É, V Costa-Macedo J, da Cruz Nunes JA, de Araújo Costa Neto LA, Nunes Ferreira LF, Dantas Corrêa L, da Costa Bezerra RB, Arcoverde E, Galvão-Coelho N, B Araujo D.", "abstract": "Depression affects over 185 million people worldwide, with approximately one-third classified as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Current treatments, such as oral antidepressants, often take around 3 weeks to become effective, with no immediate anti-suicidal benefits. The field urgently needs innovative therapies that provide rapid relief. Psychedelics like psilocybin and ayahuasca have shown promising antidepressant effects; however, their long duration (several hours) makes them costly and impractical for public health systems. N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), an endogenous psychedelic also found in ayahuasca, offers a viable alternative with a short duration of action (10-20 min) and non-invasive inhalation administration. Unlike ayahuasca, which contains monoamine oxidase inhibitors, vaporized DMT acts quickly and poses fewer pharmacological interaction risks. This open-label trial evaluated inhaled DMT for TRD for the first time, within the framework of interventional psychiatry. Fourteen patients (Nfemale = 6) participated in a fixed-order, dose-escalation study (15 mg and 60 mg). The treatment was safe, well-tolerated, and produced manageable psychedelic effects with no serious adverse events. A subpopulation using antidepressants showed similar safety outcomes. Results showed rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, with an average reduction of 21.14 points on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale by day 7 (p", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-025-02091-6", "pubmed_id": "40258990", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-025-02091-6", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Administration, Inhalation, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40258990\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 736, "title": "Development of a PBPK model of psilocybin/psilocin from Psilocybe cubensis (magic mushroom) in mice, rats, and humans", "normalized_title": "development of a pbpk model of psilocybin psilocin from psilocybe cubensis magic mushroom in mice rats and humans", "authors": "Nilubon Thaoboonruang, Ornrat Lohitnavy, Kimheang Ya, Manupat Lohitnavy", "abstract": "Psilocybin is an active alkaloid found in magic mushrooms (Psilocybe cubensis). It is classified as a Class I Psychoactive Substance due to its psychoactive properties. Recent research has suggested that psilocybin holds potential for treating major depressive disorder. The objective of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for psilocybin and its active metabolite, psilocin, in mice, rats, and humans. This model aims to explore the disposition of psilocin within the body, including its distribution to the target organ, the brain. Psilocybin is assumed to undergo complete conversion to psilocin before the latter enters systemic circulation. The PBPK model effectively characterizes the concentration-time profiles under various dosing scenarios and routes of administration in mice, rats, and humans. The human model has the potential for guiding therapeutic strategies and enhancing clinical trial designs for the therapeutic use of psilocybin.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2025-04-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-98202-w", "pubmed_id": "40258947", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98202-w", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mushroom, MAGIC (telescope), Pharmacology, Chemistry, Traditional medicine, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Food science, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409623005\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409623005\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":18,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W152943885\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979264461\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982273835\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985227285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013374926\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019306159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038839611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070287219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110465433\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121160760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155112290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161213051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169738226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285591130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407151076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567435747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2628941350\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134320342\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137772046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232345878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236051404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252518069\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378174725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396224564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402462242\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107136033\",\"display_name\":\"Nilubon Thaoboonruang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068381359\",\"display_name\":\"Ornrat Lohitnavy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056157948\",\"display_name\":\"Kimheang Ya\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016964058\",\"display_name\":\"Manupat Lohitnavy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-0560\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98202-w\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409623005" }, { "id": 737, "title": "Comparative Efficacy and Functional Outcomes of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review of Recent Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "comparative efficacy and functional outcomes of psychedelic assisted therapies in treatment resistant depression a systematic review of recent clinical trials", "authors": "Mimms C, Sotelo K, Khaliq AS.", "abstract": "This systematic review explores the comparative efficacy and functional outcomes of psychedelic-assisted therapies in the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the last 12 months. Ten RCTs were included, evaluating agents such as ketamine, esketamine, and psilocybin. Most studies demonstrated significant reductions in depressive symptom severity, with oral and intranasal esketamine and high-dose psilocybin showing sustained antidepressant effects. Functional improvements, such as workplace productivity and cognitive stability, were reported in select trials, notably those involving esketamine. Risk of bias was low in four studies and moderate in six due to open-label or observational extensions. Overall, psychedelic therapies were well tolerated, with favorable safety profiles and minimal cognitive adverse effects. These findings support the integration of psychedelic-assisted therapies as viable alternatives or adjuncts in the treatment of TRD and highlight the importance of assessing both clinical and functional endpoints for a more holistic understanding of therapeutic benefit.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.82532", "pubmed_id": "40385821", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.82532", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40385821\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 633, "title": "Regulatory Alignment of Psilocybin Clinical Trials in Major Depressive Disorder on ClinicalTrials.gov: A Cross-Sectional Analysis", "normalized_title": "regulatory alignment of psilocybin clinical trials in major depressive disorder on clinicaltrials gov a cross sectional analysis", "authors": "Damian Świeczkowski, Aleksander Kwaśny, Michał Pruc, Zuzanna Gaca, Łukasz Szarpak, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała", "abstract": "Regulatory compliance is crucial in the clinical development of psychedelic substances, including psilocybin. This study aimed to examine the alignment of clinical trial protocols for psilocybin in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) with established regulatory requirements.A cross-sectional investigation was conducted on ClinicalTrials.gov using the keywords: \"Psilocybin\" and \"Psilocin\" to identify interventional studies with posted trial protocols. Only protocols for MDD and TRD were included. Data extraction focused on key regulatory aspects, including safety, functional unblinding, expectancy bias, and the distribution of investigational medical products.Eleven psilocybin trial protocols were identified, with four meeting the inclusion criteria. The most commonly studied psilocybin dose was 25 mg. Two trials were double-blind. Although the analyzed protocols superficially adhered to regulatory requirements, there were gaps in addressing potential drug interactions, the acute and chronic concurrent use of antidepressants, and prohibited medications. Certain aspects, such as functional unblinding or expectancy bias, did not share all pathways. Risk mitigation strategies were primarily based on external criteria. Patients with bipolar spectrum disorders or schizoaffective disorders were excluded.This study underscores the importance of conducting clinical trials on psychedelics in strict adherence to regulatory standards. Future research should focus on improving regulatory compliance and exploring the efficacy of psychedelics in broader patient populations.", "journal": "Pharmacopsychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-04-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1055/a-2529-7029", "pubmed_id": "40245934", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2529-7029", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical trial, Expectancy theory, Major depressive disorder, Schizoaffective disorder, Medicine, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychosis, Cognition, Internal medicine, Social psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409534321\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409534321\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1992059353\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588071311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794420673\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031683123\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157866107\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210932781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225982601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291227674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301605941\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378549583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378783566\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382133350\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383197511\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386138110\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388014221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484734\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484761\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395034174\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399864483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402221705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4402625697\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403502370\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403667484\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037446509\",\"display_name\":\"Damian Świeczkowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5648-4652\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113262565\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksander Kwaśny\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065893595\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Pruc\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2140-9732\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050968304\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Gaca\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7200-0402\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022117993\",\"display_name\":\"Łukasz Szarpak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-5455\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070339940\",\"display_name\":\"Wiesław Jerzy Cubała\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6343-8454\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4122505\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmacopsychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2529-7029\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409534321" }, { "id": 3465, "title": "A Phase 2a, Open-label, Pilot Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin Administration in Concert With Psychotherapy Among Adult Patients With Fibromyalgia", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a open label pilot study to assess the safety and efficacy of psilocybin administration in concert with psychotherapy among adult patients with fibromyalgia", "authors": "Kevin Boehnke", "abstract": "The pressing need for effective fibromyalgia (FM) treatments, the known safety of psilocybin therapy, and the mechanistic plausibility for potential benefit provide a backdrop for investigating psilocybin therapy as a treatment for FM. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical benefit of oral psilocybin in concert with psychotherapy to treat chronic pain symptoms in patients with FM. Fibromyalgia is a chronic syndrome of widespread musculoskeletal pain that often manifests with a cluster of co-occurring symptoms, including sleep disturbances, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and mood problems including anxiety and depression. Recent studies have provided evidence of altered central pain pathways. Current management of FM typically takes a multidimensional approach including behavioral therapy, exercise, and medication. However, current medications provide only modest benefit and carry significant side effect burden, leading many people with FM to seek other alternatives. Psilocybin therapy (psilocybin delivered in concert with psychotherapy) may be a potentially safe and effective treatment for symptoms associated with FM. Indeed, psilocybin therapy has shown positive effects in treating cancer-related psychiatric distress, depression and anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, and nicotine or alcohol addiction. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted a Breakthrough Therapy designation for psilocybin in treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder. Psilocybin therapy is generally safe and well-tolerated when conducted under controlled conditions. While no clinical studies have explored psychedelic effects among people with FM, a recent review outlined potential mechanisms through which psychedelics could alleviate chronic pain symptoms.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-04-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05128162", "keywords": "Fibromyalgia, Psilocybin, Psychotherapy, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05128162\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 678, "title": "Exploring psilocybin's role in mental health and palliative medicine: a path to improved well-being.", "normalized_title": "exploring psilocybin s role in mental health and palliative medicine a path to improved well being", "authors": "Umbacia MA, Leon MX, Quintero JM, Castro LM, Paez V, Dodd S, Bustos RH.", "abstract": "IntroductionAlthough long known for their psychoactive effects, psychedelic drugs have only recently been investigated for medicinal use. Psilocybin has attracted the greatest interest with studies suggesting that it may be a useful agent in psychiatry and in palliative care.Areas coveredClinical trials that included psilocybin were searched in PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov, demonstrating that adult psychiatry and palliative care are the medical fields that show the greatest interest in psilocybin treatment.Expert opinionPsilocybin is a powerful drug that needs to be used with caution but may benefit some patients, including when other options have failed. It is best evidenced in treatment resistant depression and in palliative care, where patients are usually treated in specialist care centers. It has a novel mechanism of action, targeting the 5HT2A receptor, and can show rapid onset of action. There are many questions regarding its use that remain to be clarified, including its efficacy for other indications and its role as adjunctive treatment in psychotherapy. The psychoactive, or psychedelic effects are well documented, but their clinical importance is disputed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/14728214.2025.2488786", "pubmed_id": "40178229", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2025.2488786", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Palliative Care, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, Adult, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40178229\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4401, "title": "194. Improving Workplace and Psychosocial Function in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Exploratory Outcomes From an Open-Label Feasibility Trial of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "194 improving workplace and psychosocial function in treatment resistant depression exploratory outcomes from an open label feasibility trial of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Orly Lipsitz, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.431", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.431", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychosocial, Open label, Psychotherapist, Depression (economics), Psychology, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409281338\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409281338\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091793322\",\"display_name\":\"Orly Lipsitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9110-7951\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.431\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409281338" }, { "id": 4400, "title": "187. Changes in Symptoms of Anhedonia With Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial for Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "187 changes in symptoms of anhedonia with psilocybin assisted psychotherapy a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Erica Kaczmarek, Nelson B. Rodrigues, Noah Chisamore, Zoe Doyle, Roger S. McIntyre, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.424", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.424", "keywords": "Anhedonia, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Pleasure, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409281325\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409281325\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020961257\",\"display_name\":\"Nelson B. Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8128-5612\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068850044\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-2523\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032613018\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Mansur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.424\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409281325" }, { "id": 4399, "title": "186. Assessing Cognitive Outcomes in Treatment-Resistant Depression Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "186 assessing cognitive outcomes in treatment resistant depression following psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Danica E. Johnson, Erica Kaczmarek, Noah Chisamore, Orly Lipitz, Zoe Doyle, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.423", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.423", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Depression (economics), Psychology, Cognition, Clinical psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409281322\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409281322\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038440185\",\"display_name\":\"Danica E. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-7691\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117083381\",\"display_name\":\"Orly Lipitz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032613018\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Mansur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112813064\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.423\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409281322" }, { "id": 4397, "title": "166. Dynamic Mediodorsal Thalamus Activity Predicts and Reflects Longitudinal Treatment Outcomes in Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "166 dynamic mediodorsal thalamus activity predicts and reflects longitudinal treatment outcomes in psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Xue Zhang, Emily Zhai, Claire Bertrand, Sara Ellis, Isabelle Wydler, Anna J. Donnelly, Trisha Suppes, Leanne M. Williams", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.403", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.403", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, Thalamus, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Amygdala, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409280673\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409280673\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100445881\",\"display_name\":\"Xue Zhang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4279-899X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031042980\",\"display_name\":\"Emily Zhai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5341-1178\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014918486\",\"display_name\":\"Claire Bertrand\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5595-0677\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108335177\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Ellis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117083151\",\"display_name\":\"Isabelle Wydler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102767216\",\"display_name\":\"Anna J. Donnelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1992-2763\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006219749\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083848316\",\"display_name\":\"Leanne M. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9987-7360\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.403\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409280673" }, { "id": 3446, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Interpersonal Therapy for Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted interpersonal therapy for depression", "authors": "University of Otago", "abstract": "This is a single-arm, open-label interventional study of psilocybin-assisted interpersonal therapy for treatment resistant depression. 20 participants will be recruited to take part in this 8-week intervention that involves 8 sessions of psychotherapy and 2 doses of psilocybin. Study Design Interventional, Single arm, open label 1\\. Hypotheses: 1. It is feasible to deliver Psilocybin treatment integrated into interpersonal therapy for people with treatment resistant major depression (TRD). 2. It is feasible to recruit patients with TRD for this treatment in New Zealand. 2\\. Participants The study will recruit 20 participants who have a current diagnosis of Treatment resistant Major Depressive Disorder. The participants will need to agree to cease psychotropic medications including antidepressants as part of the preparation for psilocybin dosing. 3\\. Recruitment Participants will be recruited by referral from mental health services, primary care and community advertisements. 4\\. Screening Screening involves a two-step process: 1. Participants will register their interest via a secure online Redcap website that will ask questions regarding initial eligibility. Those who pass the initial online screening and consent to further assessment of eligibility will be screened via telephone and review of online health records to determine whether they meet major inclusion/exclusion criteria, and thus whether they are eligible for an in-person screening session. 2. In-person screening will include a history and physical examination, ECG, a 30 cc blood draw for study measures and medical screening, a personal and family medical history questionnaire, psychiatric /psychological assessments and urine drug and pregnancy tests. These will be performed by clinical staff in the Clinical Research Unit (CRU, University of Otago, Christchurch Whatu Ora Waitaha). 5\\. Clinical assessment Psychiatric screening will be conducted by structured assessments Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID), (mood and substance use sections) by the study team. After this screening potential participants will be clinically assessed by a consultant psychiatrist on the team, who will oversee participants care throughout the study and will liaise with the participants current health provider regarding the study, antidepressant discontinuation, clinical progress and any support required at the conclusion of the study. Psychoactive drug-use history, history of antidepressant treatments, and information about employment status and current functioning (including mood and psychological and psychosomatic symptoms) will be obtained. Participants will be required to refrain from illicit drug use during the course of the study, and a urine test will be conducted before each psilocybin dosing session (e.g., testing for various opioids, stimulants and sedatives). Pregnant or nursing women are ineligible; female participants will receive a urine pregnancy test at intake and before each drug session and must agree to use effective methods of contraception during the study. 6\\. Informed consent process Written informed consent will be obtained at the Clinical Research Unit at the start of the in-person screening. 7\\. Intervention The study intervention is described in detail in the Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)+ Psilocybin Manual and is modified from Yale Manual for Psilocybin-assisted Therapy of Depression and Protocol for 'Effects of Psilocybin therapy for major depressive disorder: randomized clinical trial'. The intervention involves 8 sessions of psychotherapy and two doses of psilocybin over 10 weeks and one follow-up session at 18 weeks in the Clinical Research Unit, Dept of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch. During the study period (week 0-9) the participants will be under the care of the consultant psychiatrists and clinical team at the Clinical Research Unit, this includes the planned weekly contact as well as provision of urgent care during hours (via a duty clinician and psychiatrist), and the Crisis Resolution Team (CDHB) after hours. Following screening and baseline measurements antidepressants will be gradually discontinued and Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) will be commenced in preparation for psilocybin dosing. Antidepressant discontinuation will follow clinical guidelines and will be supervised by consultant psychiatrist on the team, who will oversee participants care throughout the study. The discontinuation schedule is initial dropping of dose by half followed by tapering over 2-6 weeks. The 3 IPT preparation sessions are designed around the beginning phase of IPT (timeline of stressors and mood episodes, interpersonal inventory and identification of psychotherapy focus). The next sessions will involve psilocybin dosing and debriefing (2 psilocybin dosing sessions and 1 debriefing). This will be followed by 5 integration sessions of IPT. The IPT integration sessions will formulate the psilocybin experience within an IPT framework. IPT utilises emotional processing to facilitate change and it is anticipated this will be intensified in the psilocybin sessions. Consultant psychiatrists will review each participant after completing psychotherapy to assess participants' ongoing treatment needs, including recommencing antidepressant medication if needed and referral to specialist mental health service if required.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05581797", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05581797\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 745, "title": "The Emergence of Psilocybin in Psychiatry and Neuroscience.", "normalized_title": "the emergence of psilocybin in psychiatry and neuroscience", "authors": "Omidian H, Omidian A.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed scientific interest for its potential in treating psychiatric and neurological disorders. This review systematically examines the latest research on psilocybin's pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, and safety profile. Emerging evidence supports its efficacy in conditions such as major depressive disorder (MDD), treatment-resistant depression (TRD), anxiety, alcohol use disorders (AUD), and cancer-related distress. Despite promising outcomes, significant barriers remain, including methodological constraints, regulatory hurdles, and limited population diversity in clinical trials. Advances in biosynthetic production and optimized psychotherapeutic integration are necessary to ensure scalability and accessibility. Future research should focus on long-term safety, dosing precision, and neurobiological mechanisms to refine its therapeutic applications. This review provides a critical foundation for advancing evidence-based clinical integration of psilocybin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/ph18040555", "pubmed_id": "40283990", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18040555", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40283990\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 744, "title": "A multi-institutional investigation of psilocybin’s effects on mouse behavior", "normalized_title": "a multi institutional investigation of psilocybin s effects on mouse behavior", "authors": "Lu OD, White K, Raymond K, Liu C, Klein AS, Green N, Vaillancourt S, Gallagher A, Shindy L, Li A, Wallquist K, Li R, Zou M, Casey AB, Cameron LP, Pomrenze MB, Sohal V, Kheirbek MA, Gomez AM, Lammel S, Heifets BD, Malenka R.", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Studies reporting novel therapeutic effects of psychedelic drugs are rapidly emerging. However, the reproducibility and reliability of these findings could remain uncertain for years. Here, we implemented a multi-institutional collaborative approach to define the robust and replicable effects of the psychedelic drug psilocybin on mouse behavior. Five laboratories performed the same experiments to test the acute and persistent effects of psilocybin (2 mg/kg, IP) on various behaviors that psychedelics have been proposed to affect, including anxiety-related approach-avoidance, exploration, sociability, depression-related behaviors, fear extinction, and social reward learning. Through this coordinated approach, we found that psilocybin had several robust and replicable acute effects on mouse behavior, including increased anxiety- and avoidance-related behaviors and decreased fear expression. Surprisingly, however, we found that psilocybin did not have replicable effects 24 hours post psilocybin administration on reducing anxiety- and depression-like behaviors or facilitating fear extinction learning. Additionally, we were unable to observe psilocybin-induced alterations in social preference or social reward learning. Overall, our comprehensive characterization of psilocybin’s acute and persistent behavioral effects using ∼200 total male and female mice per experiment spread across five independent labs demonstrates with unique certainty several acute drug effects and suggests that psilocybin’s persistent effects in mice may be more modest and inconsistent than previously suggested. We believe this unusual multi-laboratory, highly coordinated research effort serves as a model for facilitating the generation of replicable results and consequently will reduce efforts based on unreliable and spurious results.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.04.08.647810", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.04.08.647810", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1001669\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 693, "title": "In Vitro Psilocybin Synthesis by Co-Immobilized Enzymes", "normalized_title": "in vitro psilocybin synthesis by co immobilized enzymes", "authors": "Tim Schäfer, Alexander M. Sherwood, Thomas A. Kirkland, Thomas Krüger, Jakob Worbs, Olaf Kniemeyer, Markus Gressler, Dirk Hoffmeister", "abstract": "Advanced clinical trials investigate the Psilocybe magic mushroom natural product psilocybin as a treatment against major depressive disorder. Currently, synthetic material is used to meet the demand for legitimate pharmaceutical purposes. Here, we report an in vitro approach to biocatalytically produce psilocybin on a solid-phase matrix charged with five covalently bound biosynthetic enzymes. These enzymes include three Psilocybe enzymes: IasA*, an engineered l-tryptophan decarboxylase/aromatic aldehyde synthase, the 4-hydroxytryptamine kinase PsiK and the norbaeocystin methyltransferase PsiM, along with Escherichia coli nucleosidase MtnN and adenine deaminase Ade. In a proof-of-principle experiment, this enzyme-charged resin allowed for quantitative turnover of 4-hydroxy-l-tryptophan into psilocybin. This facile process i) represents a sustainable approach with reusable enzymes, ii) circumvents the drawbacks of in vivo processes while harnessing the selectivity of enzymatic catalysis and iii) helps access an urgently needed drug candidate.", "journal": "Chemistry - A European Journal", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/chem.202501037", "pubmed_id": "40202903", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202501037", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Enzyme, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Tryptamine, In vitro, Transferase, Combinatorial chemistry, Pharmacology, Biology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Polyamine Metabolism and Applications, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409288174\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409288174\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1608086343\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006986579\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015869903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042374413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055161377\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084388133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094013612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312856833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560839357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2587713724\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2778354888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801007779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993991001\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008629222\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023223035\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3034699637\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090675239\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133617718\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212990160\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308053113\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381309423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393270574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395467501\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404004370\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103994261\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Schäfer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041166264\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas A. Kirkland\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0859-5785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074083644\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Krüger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8984-3853\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117085675\",\"display_name\":\"Jakob Worbs\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071982932\",\"display_name\":\"Olaf Kniemeyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9493-6402\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015043702\",\"display_name\":\"Markus Gressler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5669-7618\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S68911691\",\"source_display_name\":\"Chemistry - A European Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202501037\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409288174" }, { "id": 634, "title": "Psilocybin therapy for mood dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: an open-label pilot trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for mood dysfunction in parkinson s disease an open label pilot trial", "authors": "Ellen Bradley, Kimberly Sakai, Gisele Fernandes-Osterhold, Balázs Szigeti, Connie Ludwig, Jill L. Ostrem, Caroline M. Tanner, Meredith Bock, Katiah Llerena, Patrick R. Finley, Aoife O’Donovan, José Rafael P. Zuzuárregui, Zachary Busby, Amber McKernan, Andrew Penn, Aliss C.C. Wang, Raymond C. Rosen, Joshua Woolley", "abstract": "Mood dysfunction is highly prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD), a main predictor of functional decline, and difficult to treat-novel interventions are critically needed. Psilocybin shows early promise for treating depression and anxiety, but its potential in PD is unknown, as safety concerns have excluded people with neurodegenerative disease from previous trials. In this open-label pilot (NCT04932434), we examined the feasibility of psilocybin therapy among people with mild to moderate stage PD plus depression and/or anxiety. 12 participants (mean age 63.2 ± 8.2 years, 5 women) received psilocybin (one 10 mg followed by one 25 mg dose) with psychotherapy. There were no serious adverse events, no medical interventions required to manage effects of psilocybin, and no exacerbation of psychosis. Ten participants experienced treatment-emergent adverse events; the most frequent were anxiety, nausea, and increased blood pressure. We observed no worsening of PD symptomology measured by the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). On the contrary, non-motor (MDS-UPDRS Part I: -13.8 ± 1.3, p < 0.001, Hedges' g = 3.0) and motor symptoms (Part II: -7.5 ± 0.9, p < 0.001, g = 1.2; Part III: -4.6 ± 1.3, p = 0.001; g = 0.3) as well as performance in select cognitive domains (Paired Associates Learning [-0.44 ± 0.14, p =.003, g = 0.4], Spatial Working Memory [-0.52 ± 0.17, p = 0.003, g = 0.7], and Probabilistic Reversal Learning [2.9 ± 0.9, p = 0.003, g = 1.3]) improved post-treatment, and improvements were sustained until the final safety assessment one month following drug exposure. Baseline Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) scores were 21.0 ± 8.7 and 17.0 ± 3.7, respectively. Both improved to a clinically meaningful degree post-treatment; these improvements persisted to the final assessment three months following drug exposure (MADRS: -9.3 ± 2.7, p =.001, g = 1.0; HAM-A: -3.8 ± 1.7; p = 0.031, g = 0.7). This study provides the first data on psilocybin's effects in any neurodegenerative disease. Results suggest that psilocybin therapy in PD warrants further investigation.", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-025-02097-0", "pubmed_id": "40205013", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-025-02097-0", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Psychology, Anxiety, Mood, Parkinson's disease, Nausea, Psychiatry, Psychosis, Exacerbation, Depression (economics), Medicine, Internal medicine, Disease, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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Bradley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-1490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088265750\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Sakai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054841824\",\"display_name\":\"Gisele Fernandes-Osterhold\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-5776\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085028754\",\"display_name\":\"Balázs Szigeti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3809-6442\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101383503\",\"display_name\":\"Connie Ludwig\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019667316\",\"display_name\":\"Jill L. Ostrem\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7018-9521\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080273687\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline M. Tanner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3775-5082\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074840299\",\"display_name\":\"Meredith Bock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8704-916X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063520767\",\"display_name\":\"Katiah Llerena\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9769-172X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026709893\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick R. Finley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8581-6441\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101509105\",\"display_name\":\"Aoife O’Donovan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-7217\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040469818\",\"display_name\":\"José Rafael P. Zuzuárregui\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8556-5275\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036026069\",\"display_name\":\"Zachary Busby\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5099336938\",\"display_name\":\"Amber McKernan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053850619\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Penn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-7078\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104332490\",\"display_name\":\"Aliss C.C. Wang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111522839\",\"display_name\":\"Raymond C. Rosen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101826991\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Woolley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-2093\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S175030738\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-025-02097-0\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409286565" }, { "id": 886, "title": "Potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics in small doses: Is there a role for microdosing in psychiatry?", "normalized_title": "potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics in small doses is there a role for microdosing in psychiatry", "authors": "Totomanova I, Haijen ECHM, Hurks PPM, Ramaekers JG, Kuypers KPC.", "abstract": "Clinical trials using full doses of psychedelics have provided preliminary evidence supporting their safety and efficacy in treating a variety of physical and psychological conditions. Anecdotal reports indicate that even very small amounts of these substances may provide therapeutic benefits, though robust clinical studies are still needed. This chapter reviews the current experimental studies in humans using psychedelics in small doses to better understand their therapeutic potential. Research in both neurotypical individuals (n = 18 studies) and patients (n = 3) suggests that small doses of LSD and psilocybin produce subtle, acute, effects on neural connectivity, brain electrophysiology, blood pressure, sleep duration, pain perception, temporal processing, and mood; and show reductions in symptoms of depression and obsessive-compulsive behavior in patient samples. The chapter also discusses the influence of extra-pharmacological factors, such as the baseline subjective state, expectations, and individual differences in drug metabolism, on treatment outcomes. Overall, controlled microdosing studies suggest the potential therapeutic applications of small psychedelic doses, warranting further exploration through large-scale trials in clinical populations.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-04-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2025.03.002", "pubmed_id": "40541311", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2025.03.002", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40541311\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 752, "title": "De Novo Biosynthesis of Antidepressant Psilocybin in Escherichia coli", "normalized_title": "de novo biosynthesis of antidepressant psilocybin in escherichia coli", "authors": "Zhangrao Huang, Yongpeng Yao, Rong Di, Jianchao Zhang, Yuanyuan Pan, Gang Liu", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a tryptamine-derived alkaloid, has been granted Breakthrough Therapy designation by the U.S. FDA for treatment-resistant depression, underscoring its clinical importance. Therefore, sustainable and economic production is urgently needed. Manufacturing of psilocybin in Escherichia coli has drawn great attention. However, due to the low expression and activity of the eukaryotic cytochrome P450 enzyme PsiH in the psilocybin biosynthetic pathway, de novo synthesis of psilocybin in prokaryotic cells has been hampered. To overcome this dilemma, we herein demonstrated de novo synthesis of psilocybin in E. coli by constructing PsiH variants with N-terminal domain modifications and expressing the entire biosynthetic pathway at a concordantly low temperature. Improving the supply of precursor and engineering the P450 electron transfer chain resulted in a 33-fold increase in the titre of norbaeocystin (105.3 mg/L), a key intermediate of psilocybin biosynthesis, and a 17-fold increase in the titre of psilocybin (14 mg/L). Further enhancement of psilocybin production was achieved by converting norbaeocystin to psilocybin by overexpressing an extra copy of the methyltransferase gene psiM. Finally, 79.4 mg/L of psilocybin was produced by optimising flask fermentation conditions, a 100-fold improvement over the starting strain. Our work demonstrates the successful fungal P450 engineering to improve the catalytic activity in E. coli and will advance the sustainable production of the important antidepressant psilocybin in prokaryotic microbial cells.", "journal": "Microbial Biotechnology", "publication_date": "2025-03-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/1751-7915.70135", "pubmed_id": "40177917", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70135", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Escherichia coli, Tryptamine, Biochemistry, Biosynthesis, Chemistry, Biology, Enzyme, Pharmacology, Gene, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409148851\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4409148851\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W119296709\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965476257\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968589180\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990226486\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992286049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003110335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037710061\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045251037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052024371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100100451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120263648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131381401\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340833294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506970187\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775630394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792496404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005141077\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048120269\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095180119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133754725\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207367196\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200305173\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205923280\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210686592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213368369\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286461889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289783494\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289829536\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321018184\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381309423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388917552\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389309544\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393270574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404004370\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047949853\",\"display_name\":\"Zhangrao Huang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062520552\",\"display_name\":\"Yongpeng Yao\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6084-1683\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069476646\",\"display_name\":\"Rong Di\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4581-0077\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100698678\",\"display_name\":\"Jianchao Zhang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2489-4523\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113438003\",\"display_name\":\"Yuanyuan Pan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9793-6363\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100412488\",\"display_name\":\"Gang Liu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3583-2985\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210238104\",\"source_display_name\":\"Microbial Biotechnology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70135\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409148851" }, { "id": 739, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted suppoRtive psychoTherapy IN the treatment of prolonged Grief (PARTING) trial: protocol for an open-label pilot trial for cancer-related bereavement", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted supportive psychotherapy in the treatment of prolonged grief parting trial protocol for an open label pilot trial for cancer related bereavement", "authors": "Vanessa L. Beesley, Tom Kennedy, Fiona Maccallum, Margaret Ross, Renee Harvey, Susan L. Rossell, Jerome Sarris, Daniel Perkins, Rachel Ε. Neale, James Bennett-Levy, Shevaugn Johnson, Hanna Beebe, Natalie Roset, Jörg Strobel, Stephen Parker", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) represents a substantial public health issue, especially in oncology settings where it affects up to 30% of bereaved carers. Current best-practice treatments are lengthy, and up to 50% of participants have persistent PGD. Building on encouraging recent research with psychedelic-assisted therapies, the Psilocybin-Assisted suppoRtive psychoTherapy IN the treatment of prolonged Grief (PARTING) trial is the first study to consider psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a potential treatment for prolonged grief. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: PARTING is an open-label pilot trial of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for approximately 15 people with cancer-related PGD. It aims to investigate feasibility, safety, acceptability, participant experience and participant-reported therapeutic effects. Over a 5-week intervention period, participants will undergo three preparation sessions before receiving a psychoactive (25 mg) dose of psilocybin alongside non-directive supportive guidance, followed by four integration sessions. All sessions will be delivered by a psychologist and either a nurse or Indigenous Therapist. An artificial intelligence-assisted tool will be used to create an artwork of participants' psychedelic experience.Outcomes will be investigated over a 12-month follow-up period. Feasibility will be assessed through recruitment/retention rates and completion of follow-up assessments. Safety will be evaluated via adverse events over 12 months and the comparison of physiological measures (vital signs, biochemistry, haematology, ECG) recorded during screening and 1 day after the psilocybin dose. Qualitative thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with participants and trial therapists will assess acceptability and the therapeutic potential of the treatment. Diagnostic clinical interviews for PGD and quantitative participant-reported measures of therapeutic effects are also being collected. Participant-reported measures include grief severity, depression, anxiety, grief avoidance, psychological flexibility, connectedness, and quality of life. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval has been obtained from QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Human Research Ethics Committee (P3801). Dissemination of results will occur via conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000827639).", "journal": "BMJ Open", "publication_date": "2025-03-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095992", "pubmed_id": "40233965", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095992", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Grief, Thematic analysis, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Qualitative research, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Internal medicine, Social science, Sociology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:33", "raw_json": 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L. Beesley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-1800\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021835786\",\"display_name\":\"Tom Kennedy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4621-5974\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057700963\",\"display_name\":\"Fiona Maccallum\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-0712\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101561809\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3368-6614\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076649329\",\"display_name\":\"Renee Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073606057\",\"display_name\":\"Susan L. Rossell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-8252\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114087434\",\"display_name\":\"Jerome Sarris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049230775\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Perkins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-1649\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077862296\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel Ε. Neale\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-0854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034483864\",\"display_name\":\"James Bennett-Levy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0998-116X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074779884\",\"display_name\":\"Shevaugn Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5294-3874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004497324\",\"display_name\":\"Hanna Beebe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5117151723\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Roset\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041258476\",\"display_name\":\"Jörg Strobel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062304624\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Parker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6022-3981\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S79054089\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095992\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Psychological Flexibility,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4409449177" }, { "id": 3783, "title": "Ayahuasca in the treatment of the consequences of chronic childhood sexual abuse in a religious community", "normalized_title": "ayahuasca in the treatment of the consequences of chronic childhood sexual abuse in a religious community", "authors": "Turkia M.", "abstract": "This retrospective case study features a woman in her mid-50s who spent her childhood in a religious community plagued by sexual abuse of children. She was abused by her father for more than a decade. The church and her mother ignored her reports about it. In her early twenties, she enrolled herself in the Erhard Seminars Training program that destabilized her, inducing a first-onset psychosis, decades later used as the main rationale for diagnosing her with bipolar disorder. For the following decades, she suffered from severe depression and emotional isolation but was functional professionally and became a medical doctor. 35 years of talk therapy helped somewhat but did not resolve trauma ingrained in her body nor her at-times catatonic depression.In her early 50s, she experimented with psilocybin, which resulted in somatic improvement but did not resolve her depression. She wanted to attend underground ayahuasca ceremonies but was rejected because of her bipolar diagnosis. Eventually, she decided not to disclose her diagnosis and attended four ceremonies in two different ceremony groups, with excellent outcomes. She considered that the core of her embodied trauma had dissolved.The rationale for assigning diagnoses is questioned; a focus on etiology combined with the broad-spectrum nature of psychedelic therapy may mostly eliminate the need to discern between 'psychiatric conditions'. Trauma is considered socially contagious, similar to infectious diseases. The prohibition of psychedelic therapies is interpreted as a society-wide refusal to recognize trauma: a refusal to see what actually happened and happens.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-03-26", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/mzkyv_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mzkyv_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:21", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR995925\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3308, "title": "Ayahuasca in the treatment of the consequences of chronic childhood sexual abuse in a religious community", "normalized_title": "ayahuasca in the treatment of the consequences of chronic childhood sexual abuse in a religious community", "authors": "", "abstract": "This retrospective case study features a woman in her mid-50s who spent her childhood in a religious community plagued by sexual abuse of children. She was abused by her father for more than a decade. The church and her mother ignored her reports about it. In her early twenties, she enrolled herself in the Erhard Seminars Training program that destabilized her, inducing a first-onset psychosis, decades later used as the main rationale for diagnosing her with bipolar disorder. For the following decades, she suffered from severe depression and emotional isolation but was functional professionally and became a medical doctor. 35 years of talk therapy helped somewhat but did not resolve trauma ingrained in her body nor her at-times catatonic depression. In her early 50s, she experimented with psilocybin, which resulted in somatic improvement but did not resolve her depression. She wanted to attend underground ayahuasca ceremonies but was rejected because of her bipolar diagnosis. Eventually, she decided not to disclose her diagnosis and attended four ceremonies in two different ceremony groups, with excellent outcomes. She considered that the core of her embodied trauma had dissolved. The rationale for assigning diagnoses is questioned; a focus on etiology combined with the broad-spectrum nature of psychedelic therapy may mostly eliminate the need to discern between 'psychiatric conditions'. Trauma is considered socially contagious, similar to infectious diseases. The prohibition of psychedelic therapies is interpreted as a society-wide refusal to recognize trauma: a refusal to see what actually happened and happens.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-03-26", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/mzkyv_v1", "keywords": "ayahuasca, bipolar disorder, childhood sexual abuse, C-PTSD, incest, medical malpractice, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic therapy, psychosis, psychotherapy, sexual assault, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Social and Personality Psychology, Religion and Spirituality, Sexuality", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"mzkyv_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Spirituality", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 892, "title": "Existing evidence for the use of psychedelics in patients with cancer and other serious illness: A narrative review.", "normalized_title": "existing evidence for the use of psychedelics in patients with cancer and other serious illness a narrative review", "authors": "Bires J.", "abstract": "ObjectivesMood disorders and existential distress impact those with cancer or a serious illness at higher rates than the general population. There have been limited pharmacological advances in recent years, and available psychological interventions vary in degree of impact and durability as a treatment modality in this population. A recent renaissance in psychedelic research has suggested that this class of medications might offer an alternative treatment model for anxiety, depression, and existential and psychological distress that often accompanies the diagnosis of a serious illness.MethodsUtilizing a narrative review approach, EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched with no beginning date range through April 2024 to identify randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) on LSD, psilocybin and MDMA in palliative care or oncology and other life limiting illnesses.ResultsFive articles published between 2011 and 2020 met the inclusion criteria. Three studies utilized psilocybin and one study evaluated MDMA and LSD. The number of participants ranged from 12 to 56 with four studies that utilized a crossover design. Four of the five studies showed a significant decrease in anxiety during at least one time point in their study and three studies indicated a significant decrease in depression. None of the studies reported serious adverse events related to the experimental drug sessions.ConclusionsPsychedelic assisted therapy for the treatment of depression, anxiety and existential distress is a promising treatment modality as an addition or compliment to other available pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment modalities.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/07347332.2025.2482917", "pubmed_id": "40138527", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2025.2482917", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Critical Illness, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40138527\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 502, "title": "Comparing Antidepressant Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy in Individuals That Were Unmedicated at Initial Screening Versus Individuals Discontinuing Medications for Study Participation: Comparaison des effets antidépresseurs de la psychothérapie assistée par la psilocybine (PAP) chez les personnes non médicamentées à la sélection initiale et les personnes ayant arrêté les médicaments pour participer à l’étude", "normalized_title": "comparing antidepressant effects of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in individuals that were unmedicated at initial screening versus individuals discontinuing medications for study participation comparaison des effets antidépresseurs de la psychothérapie assistée par la psilocybine pap chez les personnes non médicamentées à la sélection initiale et les personnes ayant arrêté les médicaments pour participer à l étude", "authors": "Noah Chisamore, Erica Kaczmarek, Zoe Doyle, Danica E. Johnson, Geneva Weiglein, Shakila Meshkat, Ryan M. Brudner, Marc G. Blainey, Jeremy Riva-Cambrin, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in depression, anxiety, and suicidality symptoms after a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin between treatment-resistant depression participants not on antidepressants at screening to participants that discontinued antidepressant medications leading up to receiving psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP). METHODS: Participants (n = 27) received at least one 25 mg dose of psilocybin accompanied by psychotherapy as part of an exploratory analysis from an open-label, randomized, waitlist-controlled clinical trial. The primary outcome of changes in depression symptoms was measured by the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Secondary outcomes included changes in anxiety symptom severity (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item [GAD-7]), suicidal ideation (MADRS Item-10), self-reported depression symptoms (Quick Inventory for Depression Symptomology [QIDS-SR]), and intensity of psychedelic experience (Mystical Experience Questionnaire 30-item [MEQ30]). Patients were separated into two groups for analysis; those who were unmedicated at initial screening versus participants that had to taper off antidepressant medications to be eligible for the trial. A mixed analysis of variance was used to evaluate clinical outcomes over time from baseline to 2 months post-dose. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between medication discontinued (n = 18) and unmedicated at screening (UAS) (n = 9) groups in clinician rated depression (p = 0.759), self-reported depression (p = 0.215), anxiety (p = 0.178), and suicidality (p = 0.882) symptoms over time, with both groups having clinically significant benefits on all outcomes assessed. Both groups also had a similar intensity of psychedelic experience (p = 0.191). CONCLUSION: Comparable improvements were observed in depression and anxiety and symptoms between antidepressant discontinued and UAS patients. These findings contrast with and contribute to the growing literature on the effects of medication tapering leading up to PAP. Further clinical research is needed to directly compare efficacy across medication statuses, in addition to evaluating psychedelic effects in individuals continuing antidepressants during PAP.", "journal": "The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-03-24", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/07067437251328316", "pubmed_id": "40129307", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437251328316", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Anxiety, Suicidal ideation, Psychology, Antidepressant, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive episode, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Poison control, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Suicide prevention, Cognition, Environmental health, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408813813\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408813813\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2478017657\",\"https://openalex.org/W2617751473\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919124707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155867813\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194328776\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211248784\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286500354\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308312657\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311302465\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319984222\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386209201\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391069738\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391286658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395685207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396699590\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046135404\",\"display_name\":\"Noah Chisamore\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038440185\",\"display_name\":\"Danica E. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-7691\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114681119\",\"display_name\":\"Geneva Weiglein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927191\",\"display_name\":\"Jeremy Riva-Cambrin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114229887\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-1112\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S8901149\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437251328316\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408813813" }, { "id": 713, "title": "Classic Psychedelics for the Treatment of Depression: Potential Benefits and Challenges.", "normalized_title": "classic psychedelics for the treatment of depression potential benefits and challenges", "authors": "Ghaznavi S, Richter SG.", "abstract": "There has been a recent resurgence in research on psychedelics as therapeutic agents for psychiatric conditions. This leading article outlines the studies to date of classic psychedelic treatments for treatment-resistant depression and major depression, including psilocybin, ayahuasca, dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and O-methyl-bufotenine (5-Me-O DMT). We discuss the potential of expanding treatment options for depression based on the data available, as well as the difficulties and limitations of research on psychedelics that make assessing that potential more challenging.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-23", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s40265-025-02172-2", "pubmed_id": "40128500", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-025-02172-2", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40128500\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 772, "title": "Structural basis for psilocybin biosynthesis", "normalized_title": "structural basis for psilocybin biosynthesis", "authors": "Chunyan Meng, Wenting Guo, Xiao Chuan, Yan Wen, Xudong Zhu, Qingrong Zhang, Yuxuan Liang, Hongwei Li, Sha Xu, Yuntan Qiu, Haitao Chen, Wei-Jye Lin, Baixing Wu", "abstract": "Psilocybin shows significant therapeutic potential for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in addressing various psychiatric conditions. The biosynthetic approach promises rapid and efficient production of psilocybin. Understanding the enzymes that contribute to the biosynthesis of psilocybin can enhance its production process. In this study, we elucidate the crystal structures of L-tryptophan-specific decarboxylase PsiD in both its apo and tryptamine-bound states, the 4-hydroxytryptamine kinase PsiK bound to its substrate, and several forms of the methyltransferase PsiM in either apo or substrate-bound forms derived from the psychedelic mushroom. Structure-based evaluations reveal the mechanisms of self-cleavage and self-inhibition in PsiD, along with the sequential catalytic steps from 4-hydroxytryptamine to the final compound, psilocybin. Additionally, we showcase the antidepressant properties of biosynthetic intermediates of psilocybin on female mice experiencing depression-like behaviors induced by sub-chronic variable stress. Our studies establish a structural basis for the future biosynthetic production of psilocybin using these enzymes and emphasize the clinical potential of norbaeocystin. Here, the authors provide structural and mechanistic insights into psilocybin biosynthesis enzymes, encompassing L-tryptophan-specific decarboxylase PsiD, 4-hydroxytryptamine kinase PsiK, and methyltransferase PsiM. The antidepressant properties of psilocybin intermediates in mice are evaluated.", "journal": "Nature Communications", "publication_date": "2025-03-21", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1038/s41467-025-58239-x", "pubmed_id": "40121242", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58239-x", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Biosynthesis, Computational biology, Computer science, Hallucinogen, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Biology, Pharmacology, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408739043\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408739043\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W561083445\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978558133\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987350479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008996638\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016371428\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028978429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053275587\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071256705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088578578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094013612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101973479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122976061\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126454725\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139669250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144081223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159211495\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163341755\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2418815503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626632307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2749229904\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903438963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913614159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973457155\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983552824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003287532\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025476024\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134892199\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177828909\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210586598\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230766242\",\"https://openalex.org/W4248872320\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308053113\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620747\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383533322\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387893450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390755783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392382063\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393270574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394602238\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399276098\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399999771\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400335852\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404046121\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405738640\",\"https://openalex.org/W6768045174\",\"https://openalex.org/W6863557582\",\"https://openalex.org/W6873829334\",\"https://openalex.org/W6925247836\",\"https://openalex.org/W6925483380\",\"https://openalex.org/W7073696094\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101566883\",\"display_name\":\"Chunyan Meng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5046-9697\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065941768\",\"display_name\":\"Wenting Guo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1370-7764\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102277711\",\"display_name\":\"Xiao Chuan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086792341\",\"display_name\":\"Yan Wen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-5334\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026325513\",\"display_name\":\"Xudong Zhu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0324-9042\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101996491\",\"display_name\":\"Qingrong Zhang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2972-3685\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018828723\",\"display_name\":\"Yuxuan Liang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-7337\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100325333\",\"display_name\":\"Hongwei Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1762-1327\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088865922\",\"display_name\":\"Sha Xu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4685-6296\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001707383\",\"display_name\":\"Yuntan Qiu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5653-7956\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075551283\",\"display_name\":\"Haitao Chen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-5039\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057627410\",\"display_name\":\"Wei-Jye Lin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6057-7325\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070194869\",\"display_name\":\"Baixing Wu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-9785\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S64187185\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Communications\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58239-x\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408739043" }, { "id": 3104, "title": "The effects of psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram on cognitive bias: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram on cognitive bias a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Henry J, Giribaldi B, Nutt DJ, Erritzoe D, Carhart-Harris R, Lyons T.", "abstract": "Background Patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) have more dysfunctional attitudes and pessimism than healthy individuals and these biases are correlated with depression severity. Psilocybin has demonstrated sustained remission in MDD. Methods Secondary analysis of a two-arm, randomized controlled trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03429075 ) assessing the effect of psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram on ‘maladaptive’ cognitive biases relevant to the construct of depression. Psilocybin group participants received two 25mg doses and escitalopram group received three weeks of daily 10mg, increased to 20mg for a following three weeks. Primary outcomes in this analysis were post-treatment changes in biases at six weeks compared with baseline, as measured using three validated psychological scales. Findings Fifty-nine MDD patients were randomly allocated to the psilocybin (n=30) or escitalopram (n=29) groups. Self-reported optimism showed a large and significant increase six-weeks after psilocybin treatment ( M diff =6·63 p", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-03-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.03.17.25324123", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.03.17.25324123", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR993220\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 773, "title": "Is there a place for psychedelics in sports practice?", "normalized_title": "is there a place for psychedelics in sports practice", "authors": "Portes MAM, Werle I, Bertoglio LJ.", "abstract": "Growing evidence suggests that psychedelic-assisted therapies can alleviate depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and substance use disorder, offering relatively safe profiles, enhanced efficacy, and lasting effects after a few applications. Athletes often experience high levels of stress and pressure, making them susceptible to these psychiatric conditions. However, the effects of psychedelic substances on athletic performance remain largely unknown. Before potential acceptance, evaluating their impact on physical and physiological measures beyond mental health outcomes is crucial. Here, we aim to explore this topic and highlight research directions to advance our understanding. Preclinical studies suggest that psilocybin/psilocin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and ayahuasca possess anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties. Studies investigating the effects of classical psychedelics or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on factors such as muscle strength, motor coordination, locomotion, endurance, fluid and electrolyte balance, hormonal regulation, and metabolism are still scarce. While adhering to regulatory frameworks, further research in animal models, athletes, and non-athletes is needed to address these gaps, compare psychedelics with commonly used psychoactive drugs, and explore the potential prophylactic and regenerative benefits of specific interventions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-20", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1017/neu.2025.13", "pubmed_id": "40116762", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2025.13", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Sports, Athletic Performance, Athletes, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40116762\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Pharmacology,Animal Study,Inflammation", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 756, "title": "Psychedelic Drugs in Mental Disorders: Current Clinical Scope and Deep Learning-Based Advanced Perspectives.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs in mental disorders current clinical scope and deep learning based advanced perspectives", "authors": "Kim SH, Yang S, Jung J, Choi J, Kang M, Joo JY.", "abstract": "Mental disorders are a representative type of brain disorder, including anxiety, major depressive depression (MDD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), that are caused by multiple etiologies, including genetic heterogeneity, epigenetic dysregulation, and aberrant morphological and biochemical conditions. Psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have been renewed as fascinating treatment options and have gradually demonstrated potential therapeutic effects in mental disorders. However, the multifaceted conditions of psychiatric disorders resulting from individuality, complex genetic interplay, and intricate neural circuits impact the systemic pharmacology of psychedelics, which disturbs the integration of mechanisms that may result in dissimilar medicinal efficiency. The precise prescription of psychedelic drugs remains unclear, and advanced approaches are needed to optimize drug development. Here, recent studies demonstrating the diverse pharmacological effects of psychedelics in mental disorders are reviewed, and emerging perspectives on structural function, the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and the transcriptome are discussed. Moreover, the applicability of deep learning is highlighted for the development of drugs on the basis of big data. These approaches may provide insight into pharmacological mechanisms and interindividual factors to enhance drug discovery and development for advanced precision medicine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/advs.202413786", "pubmed_id": "40112231", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202413786", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin, Deep Learning", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40112231\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Epigenetics,Review Article,Transcriptomics,Microbiome", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3457, "title": "Psilocybin in Alcohol Use Disorder With Comorbid Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in alcohol use disorder with comorbid depression", "authors": "Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes", "abstract": "Up to 40% of people with alcohol use disorder (AUD) experience depression. Depression is a risk factor for early relapse of AUD after withdrawal in a controlled environment. Promising data suggest the effectiveness of psilocybin, a psychedelic-type treatment, in depression and AUD. Following the acute effects of the psychedelic experience, which lasts approximately 6 hours, psilocybin action appears to be beneficial for preventing alcohol relapse in recently weaned people suffering from comorbid depression. Whilst the public perception of psilocybin therapy is poorly documented in France, the rapid changes in the legal status of psilocybin elsewhere, the positive media coverage of recent trials in depression, and the recent designation as an \"innovative therapy\" by the FDA could lead to the refusal of randomization of eligible participants. It is therefore essential to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of psilocybin treatment and blinded randomized design in our clinical population of hospitalized patients with AUD and depressive symptoms. Recent data suggest that the effect size of psilocybin is much higher than other currently available treatments. However, this paradigm shift must be confirmed in our cohort of people with AUD and depressive symptoms, and in the context of treatment in addition to usual care, by an estimation of the expected effect size based on real data. This will allow the sample size to be accurately calculated for a large-scale randomized clinical trial. Finally, the potential mechanisms of action of psilocybin to prevent relapse in AUD with comorbid depression after withdrawal need to be documented. The objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, neural mechanisms and preliminary results of the effectiveness of psilocybin in the treatment of AUD and depressive symptoms after withdrawal, in addition to usual treatment. The study authors hypothesize that two oral administrations of 25 mg psilocybin at three-week intervals versus a control condition (1 mg psilocybin), in addition to the usual treatment, will be acceptable and feasible in recently withdrawn individuals suffering from AUD and depressive symptoms, between 14 and 60 days after their last alcohol consumption", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-03-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06235411", "keywords": "Alcohol-Related Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Addiction, Psilocybin therapy, Inactive Psilocybin therapy, Electroencephalogram, Blood samples for the analysis of immune and inflammatory profiles, stool samples, MRI functional and cerebral, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06235411\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3530, "title": "A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Psychedelic-assisted Psychotherapy With Single Dose Psilocybin for Frontline Clinicians Experiencing COVID-related Symptoms of Depression and Burnout", "normalized_title": "a randomized placebo controlled trial of psychedelic assisted psychotherapy with single dose psilocybin for frontline clinicians experiencing covid related symptoms of depression and burnout", "authors": "University of Washington", "abstract": "This study aims to investigate the effects of a single dose of psilocybin, delivered in the contextof pre- and post-dose psychotherapy, on symptoms of depression and burnout suffered by healthcare clinicians as a result of frontline work in the COVID pandemic. Aim 1: To assess short- and longer-term effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) on symptoms of depression experienced by physicians and nurses with frontline work exposure in the COVID pandemic. Hypothesis 1.1: Compared to active placebo, PAP will result in short term improvement in symptoms of depression 1 day and 1 week after the psilocybin dose session. Hypothesis 1.2: Compared to active placebo, PAP will result in longer term improvement of symptoms of depression 4 weeks after the medication dosing session. The primary outcome will be a comparison between the psilocybin 25 mg vs control groups of a combination of depression symptoms measured at 4 weeks post medication dose session. 1.1.2. Aim 2: To explore short- and longer-term effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) on symptoms of burnout experienced by physicians and nurses with frontline work exposure in the COVID pandemic. Hypothesis 2.1: Compared to active placebo, PAP will result in short term improvement in symptoms of burnout 1 day and 1 week after the psilocybin dose session.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-03-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05163496", "keywords": "Burnout, Caregiver, Burnout, Professional, COVID-19, Depression, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Moral Injury, Psilocybin (Usona Institute), Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), Active placebo, PAP with placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05163496\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE3\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 750, "title": "Exploring the potential of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for moral injury: A scoping review.", "normalized_title": "exploring the potential of psychedelic assisted psychotherapy for moral injury a scoping review", "authors": "Kurkova V, Winkler O, Greenshaw A, Jetly R, Swainson J, Lodewyk K, Saghafi P, Dennett E, Burback L.", "abstract": "This scoping review addresses the need to comprehensively explore the potential of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) to facilitate recovery from moral injury. Moral injury (MI), characterized by profound psychological distress arising from morally challenging experiences, has garnered increased attention as a complex mental health concern with significant functional sequelae, especially in the context of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is growing interest in exploring alternative therapeutic approaches, with psychedelics emerging as an exciting potential intervention, as moral injury impacts treatment resistance, suicidality, social isolation, and overall functioning. Ten studies were included from 11,734 publications. Studies utilized psilocybin, MDMA, or LSD. None focused specifically on moral injury. Diagnoses included PTSD, alcohol use disorder, insomnia, human Immunodeficiency virus-related demoralized men, barbiturate dependence, anxiety associated with life-threatening illness, major depression, and PTSD comorbid with generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and borderline personality disorder. Studies reported rapid, increasing, and sustained self-compassion over time, alongside increases in self-forgiveness and self-acceptance, reduction in demoralization, and decreased drinking scores. Though in other diagnostic contexts, PAP has shown efficacy in addressing symptoms commonly associated with moral injury, particularly within the context of PTSD. It holds promise as an intervention for MI and requires further exploration.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-17", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111333", "pubmed_id": "40113127", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111333", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Morals, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40113127\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Personality Change,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 778, "title": "A Modern Overview of the Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders, Treatment-Resistant Depression, and End-of-Life Distress.", "normalized_title": "a modern overview of the potential therapeutic effects of psilocybin in the treatment of depressive disorders treatment resistant depression and end of life distress", "authors": "Dino F.", "abstract": "The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current findings and data on the therapeutic effects of psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic alkaloid primarily found in Psilocybe mushrooms. This review covers psilocybin's efficacy and safety profile, therapeutic effects, proposed indications and contraindications, drug-drug interactions, adverse reactions, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and dosing regimens as treatment guidelines. The goal is to offer a consolidated resource containing the essential pharmaceutical information on psilocybin currently available.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.80707", "pubmed_id": "40242672", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.80707", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40242672\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions,Contraindications", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 783, "title": "Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin for Treating Neuropsychiatric Long COVID Symptoms: A Reddit Investigation", "normalized_title": "therapeutic potential of psilocybin for treating neuropsychiatric long covid symptoms a reddit investigation", "authors": "Lukas Bobak, Ian Dorney, Alexsandra Kovacevich, Brian S. Barnett", "abstract": "Long COVID lacks effective pharmaceutical treatment options. Psychedelic treatment for long COVID has received attention given anecdotal reports of neuropsychiatric symptom improvement. This study investigates the use of psilocybin for neuropsychiatric long COVID symptoms, examining online accounts of individuals with reported long COVID using psilocybin. We searched the Reddit communities, “r/LongCovid,” and “r/covidlonghaulers” for terms, “psilocybin,” “shrooms,” and “magic mushrooms.” Posts were included if they self-reported (1) neuropsychiatric symptoms of long COVID, (2) use of psilocybin, and (3) descriptions of the perceived effect or lack thereof on long COVID symptoms. Posts were manually coded to identify the nature of psilocybin ingestion, long COVID symptoms, and post’s author’s perceived effect on symptoms. The most common symptoms identified were fatigue (47.3%, N = 52), cognitive impairment (46.4%, N = 51), and depression (30.0%, N = 33). Of 110 posts meeting criteria, 78.2% (N = 86) reported any improvement in long COVID symptoms, while 11.8% (N = 13) reported worsening. For those with improvement, 77.9% (N = 67) reported improvement lasting beyond their acute psychedelic experience, while 5.8% (N = 5) reported improvement only during the experience. Given these findings, studies employing comparison social media data for other long COVID self-treatments and/or prospective observational studies of individuals self-treating neuropsychiatric long COVID symptoms with psychedelics may be warranted.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2025-03-13", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2025.2478097", "pubmed_id": "40084630", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2478097", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Pandemic, Psychotherapist, Virology, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Pathology, Disease, Outbreak, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408456788\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408456788\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2045076787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885312348\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3026634126\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165449608\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167344319\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200757480\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205189341\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213413759\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213428993\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220692194\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285725570\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293240435\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295014096\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295900965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296373810\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309245328\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313593647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316014106\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4328049312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4375853457\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380085712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386102899\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386306332\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390749850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392014913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399135187\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399611661\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405021593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4408068665\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033796358\",\"display_name\":\"Lukas Bobak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-6880\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035627714\",\"display_name\":\"Ian Dorney\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-0557\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065618753\",\"display_name\":\"Alexsandra Kovacevich\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-467X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018028836\",\"display_name\":\"Brian S. Barnett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-5701\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2478097\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408456788" }, { "id": 3649, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin in Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients With Anxiety", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin in advanced stage cancer patients with anxiety", "authors": "Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center", "abstract": "Psychiatric Research Study For Cancer Patients The Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center is conducting a study designed to measure the effectiveness of the novel psychoactive medication psilocybin on the reduction of anxiety, depression, and physical pain. The significance of this study is that it is addressing the important issues of psychological and spiritual well being of people who have advanced cancer. In 2001, the National Cancer Policy Board of the Institute of Medicine and National Research Council issued a report (Improving Palliative Care for Cancer: Summary and Recommendations) that specifically recommended research be conducted using novel agents and methods. Psilocybin is a novel agent which produces a profound alteration in your state of consciousness. It is the main active ingredient found in \"magic mushrooms\". Our specific aim is to learn whether this psychoactive drug, psilocybin, might be effective in reducing anxiety, depression and physical pain, and therefore improving your quality of life. This pilot study will start with 12 people ages 18-70. For each participant there will be two overnight admissions to the hospital. In one session you will be given a placebo and in the other you will get the active medication, but no one will know which drug is administered when. This is called a double blind study. You will be asked to fill out questionnaires about how you feel, your pain levels and your moods. There will also be at least two psychotherapy meetings before the study sessions, so that you are fully aware of what to expect and to have all your questions answered. We cannot take you in the study if you have central nervous system (CNS) cancers, kidney disease, diabetes, abnormal liver function tests, epilepsy, cardiovascular disease including untreated high blood pressure (BP greater than 140/90), and pregnancy. The psychiatric exclusions are: you or an immediate family member with a history of a major psychiatric disorder, a current substance abuse problem, or an anxiety or a mood disorder within 1 year prior to the onset of symptoms of your current illness. We also cannot take you in the study if you are taking certain medications, such as: anti-seizure, insulin and oral hypoglycemics, and cardiovascular drugs (except anti-hypertensive medications). Some antidepressant (SSRIs) medications cannot be taken within the two weeks prior to the session (except for Prozac, which cannot be taken in the last 5 weeks prior to the session). You will get a MRI of the brain prior to admission (if you haven't had one in the prior two months), at the study's expense, to be sure there is no CNS involvement. You can provide us, or the study will pay for, lab work from the prior 2 weeks (CBC, liver function and renal function). The history and physical, neurological exam, EKG, and a urine pregnancy test (if you are a woman with child-bearing potential), will be done on admission by the house staff doctors. You will be allowed to take your own medications while in the hospital, and will be encouraged to bring to the hospital personal photos, small memorabilia, and some of your favorite music that can be played during the sessions.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-03-12", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00302744", "keywords": "Anxiety, Psilocybin (drug), 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, Niacin, nicotinamide, vitamin B3, MRI, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT00302744\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Consciousness,Spirituality,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4430, "title": "PSYCHEDELIC PHARMACOLOGY IN PSYCHIATRY: THE MECHANISMS AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF PSILOCYBIN, MDMA, AND LSD IN MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS", "normalized_title": "psychedelic pharmacology in psychiatry the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of psilocybin mdma and lsd in mental health disorders", "authors": "Dr Hafiz Shafique Ahmad, Muhammad Waqar Ali, Usman Ul Haq", "abstract": "Psilocybin, MDMA, and LSD have recently emerged as popular psychedelic substances for use in psychopharmacology in managing various disorders including treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, and anxiety. These substances mainly affect the serotonergic receptors that involve the regulation of consciousness, perceptions, and cognition. These unique alterations in brain connectome show the influence of psilocybin and LSD on neuroplasticity and DMN, therefore supporting the sustained improvement in depressive symptoms and existential anxiety. MDMA, as compared to classical psychedelics, evokes positive changes in emotional processing and reduction of specific fear in PTSD patients. Scientific trials show that the problem can abate after several recurrences after a few sessions, unlike the cases of traditional antidepressants where constant use is necessary. However, there are some shortcomings, like legal regulation, ethical issues, and possible negative impacts, including temporary increased anxiety and cardiovascular issues. This paper aims to analyze the neurobiological effects and therapeutic efficacy of psychedelics along with their legal contexts in the context of modern psychiatry, stressing the importance of future research, policy changes, and a rational clinical prescription of psychedelics for their maximal beneficial impact on mental health.", "journal": "Journal of medical & health sciences review.", "publication_date": "2025-03-10", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.62019/r713mw08", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.62019/r713mw08", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MDMA, Hallucinogen, Mescaline, Psychiatry, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Psychology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Serotonin, Receptor, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408376371\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408376371\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Dr Hafiz Shafique Ahmad\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Waqar Ali\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116470053\",\"display_name\":\"Usman Ul Haq\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404661011\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of medical & health sciences review.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.62019/r713mw08\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408376371" }, { "id": 3116, "title": "Revealing Changes in Linear and Nonlinear Functional Connectivity After Psilocybin and Escitalopram Treatment in Patients with Depression", "normalized_title": "revealing changes in linear and nonlinear functional connectivity after psilocybin and escitalopram treatment in patients with depression", "authors": "Quah S, Glick C, Roseman L, Pasquini L, Carhart-Harris R, Saggar M.", "abstract": "Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is typically characterized by altered linear functional connectivity (FC) across large-scale brain networks. Yet, it is unclear whether similar alterations are observed when nonlinear FC is examined. This study investigated how antidepressant treatment (i.e., psilocybin and escitalopram) modulates both linear FC and nonlinear FC in individuals with MDD. Here, we focused specifically on five key canonical brain networks: the Default Mode Network (DMN), Frontoparietal Network (FPN), Salience Network (SAL), Dorsal Attention Network (DAN), and Ventral Attention Network (VAN). Across both treatments, using resting-state fMRI data, we first compared changes in linear and nonlinear FC between responders and non-responders. Responders exhibited increased linear FC within the VAN and greater nonlinear FC within the DMN and VAN than non-responders. We also observed more between-network linear FC for DMN-DAN and nonlinear FC for DMN-VAN in responders than non-responders. Next, we compared treatments and observed that Psilocybin responders showed greater connectivity between FPN-VAN (linear FC), DMN-VAN (nonlinear FC), and SAL-VAN (nonlinear FC) integration than Escitalopram responders, reflecting enhanced coordination and integration between higher-order networks. Conversely, Escitalopram responders exhibited reduced within-network linear FC within the DMN and SAL and between the DMN and VAN, consistent with a dampening of self-referential and salience processing and altered attentional control. These findings highlight potentially distinct mechanisms of action for psilocybin and escitalopram. Incorporating both linear and nonlinear FC analyses provided a novel characterization of these effects, emphasizing the role of these different interactions in antidepressant response. Future studies should investigate the long-term stability of these network changes and their relationship to clinical outcomes.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-03-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.03.05.641592", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.03.05.641592", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR987622\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 565, "title": "Current Evidence for the Role of Rapid-Acting Antidepressants in Bipolar Depression: A Perspective and Plan for Action.", "normalized_title": "current evidence for the role of rapid acting antidepressants in bipolar depression a perspective and plan for action", "authors": "Repple J, Bayas M, Möser C, Kobayashi NF, Reif A.", "abstract": "After decades of limited progress in depression treatment, recent advancements have sparked renewed interest in developing novel antidepressants, particularly rapid-acting antidepressants (RAADs). Despite these promising developments, there remains a significant gap in research on bipolar depression. While several antipsychotics have been investigated for their efficacy in bipolar depression due to the reduced risk of mania induction, research on RAADs, such as (es)ketamine, remains scarce despite their demonstrated safety and effectiveness. In this review, we give an overview of current developments in RAADs in the context of bipolar disorder. Both published studies as well as phase II, III, and IV studies on bipolar depression (based on ClinicalTrials.gov) are reviewed in this work. The following RAAD substance classes have been or are currently being investigated as possible treatments for bipolar depression: NMDA antagonists and indirect AMPA agonists (ketamine, esketamine, riluzole, felbamate), GABAA (gamma-aminobutyric acid A) activators or positive allosteric modulators (zuranolone, pregnenolone, PEA), psychedelics (psilocybin, 5-MeO-DMT), muscarine receptor antagonists (scopolamine), and kappa opioid receptor antagonists (navacaprant). Other than the well-established efficacy and safety of (es)ketamine in treating bipolar depression, there has been little research effort in the treatment of bipolar depression. Recent research into RAADs demonstrates the growing field of novel mechanisms of action in the pharmacological treatment of bipolar depression. However, there is an urgent need for well-controlled clinical studies on RAADs in bipolar depression to expand treatment options and improve outcomes for millions of affected individuals worldwide.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-07", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.903", "pubmed_id": "40064389", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.903", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Bipolar Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40064389\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4431, "title": "Risks of using psilocybin in treatment of treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "risks of using psilocybin in treatment of treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Michał Orzechowski, Joanna Orzechowska, Paulina Fijałek, Jan Karczmarz, Aleksandra Paprocka, Marika Gutowska, Agnieszka Kosińska, Urszula Świrk, Wiktoria Belcarz, Katarzyna Kalinowska", "abstract": "IntroductionAs depression rates continue to rise globally, the need for more effective and innovative treatments has become increasingly urgent, highlighting the potential impact of psilocybin as a promising therapeutic option. However, to ensure its safe and effective integration into clinical practice, it is essential to establish robust safety parameters for its administration. This paper focuses on addressing the risks associated with psilocybin therapy. We believe this paper can help understand risks as a platform for safety based treatment. Material and Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, supplemented by references cited in the initially identified articles. The search focused on studies and reviews addressing the challenges and risks associated with psilocybin use in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD).", "journal": "Journal of Education Health and Sport", "publication_date": "2025-03-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.12775/jehs.2025.79.58319", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2025.79.58319", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408197223\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408197223\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116219617\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Orzechowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036777199\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Orzechowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9458-5991\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116219611\",\"display_name\":\"Paulina Fijałek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116222341\",\"display_name\":\"Jan Karczmarz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116219614\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Paprocka\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067279655\",\"display_name\":\"Marika Gutowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060513934\",\"display_name\":\"Agnieszka Kosińska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3041-274X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116222337\",\"display_name\":\"Urszula Świrk\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116186409\",\"display_name\":\"Wiktoria Belcarz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070497769\",\"display_name\":\"Katarzyna Kalinowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2657-7165\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737571363\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Education Health and Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2025.79.58319\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408197223" }, { "id": 3666, "title": "Acute Effects of 2C-B Compared With MDMA and Psilocybin in Healthy Subjects", "normalized_title": "acute effects of 2c b compared with mdma and psilocybin in healthy subjects", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) is a psychoactive substance with reportedly similar acute effects to both the prototypical empathogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) and the classic psychedelic substance psilocybin (contained in \"magic, hallucinogenic mushrooms\"). Pharmacologically, MDMA mainly releases serotonin (5-HT) via the serotonin transporter (SERT) and psilocybin mainly acts as direct agonist at 5-HT2A receptors. 2C-B interacts with both the 5-HT2A receptor and SERT which is in line with its reported mixed effects profile. However, scientific studies are lacking. There is an increased interest in psychiatric research on the therapeutic properties of MDMA and psilocybin and also on mixed empathogenic-psychedelic substances. 2C-B is a phenethylamine and belongs to the so-called 2C drugs, a group of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) with some structural similarity to the classic psychedelic mescaline. 2C-B is relatively widely used as recreational substance often replacing or mimicking classic substances such as LSD or MDMA. 2C-B also ranks high among the substances found as substitutes or adulterants of tablets sold as MDMA or Ecstasy. Users report that 2C-B has similar acute effects to MDMA when used at low (5-10 mg) and medium doses (10-25 mg) and more psychedelic effects when used at a high doses (25-40 mg). Additionally, in two open labeled studies the effects have been defined by the researchers as entactogenic (MDMA-like) with psychedelic/hallucinogenic properties when administering 20 mg and on the other hand as psychedelic-psychostimulant like when administering a mean dose of 16 mg (4 used 10 mg, 5 used 15 mg and 7 used 20 mg). Subjective effects peaked at 1-2h and lasted 5h. The 2C drugs act mainly as agonists on the 5-HT2A receptor very similar to classic psychedelics like LSD or psilocybin. Furthermore, 2C-B may interact with monoaminergic systems more similar to MDMA and may share some empathogenic or even stimulant-type actions. 2C-B also inhibits the SERT similar to MDMA, however, only at low potency in vitro. Thus, taken together, the pharmacology of 2C-B in vitro is somewhat inconclusive but would be consistent with both MDMA- and psychedelic-type actions in vivo in humans. Increases in blood pressure and heart rate are moderate and regarded as lower than those of MDMA. No severe cases were observed. The safety profile of 2C-B is considered to be similar to MDMA. Psilocybin is a classic serotonergic psychedelic. Psilocybin is a prodrug which is activated to psilocin within the body. The psychoactive action of psilocin primarily involves an interaction with the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. Currently, psilocybin is the most investigated psychedelic substance among the classic psychedelics. In particular, there are high hopes of using psilocybin in patients with treatment resistant major depression and pharmaceutical companies are currently conducting phase III studies. MDMA is an amphetamine derivative which, unlike prototypical amphetamines, predominantly enhances serotonergic neurotransmission via release of 5-HT through the SERT and it less potently also releases dopamine and norepinephrine through the dopamine transporter (DAT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET), respectively. Furthermore, MDMA is known to trigger oxytocin release which may contribute to its effects to increase trust, prosociality, and enhanced empathy and is therefore referred to as an \"entactogen\" or \"empathogen\". Being granted as a \"breakthrough therapy\" by the FDA, MDMA is currently investigated in substance-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of PTSD. By using a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over design the study will provide insight into the effects profiles of recreationally used psychoactive substances relevant for psychiatric research. Therefore the study will compare the acute subjective, physiological and endocrine effects of low (10 mg), medium (20 mg) and high (30 mg) doses of 2C-B with standard doses of MDMA (125 mg) and psilocybin (25 mg) in healthy subjects. Finally, the study will also allow to newly directly compare MDMA and psilocybin effects at representative doses and within the same subjects which will provide for a better characterization of these substances increasingly used in psychiatric research.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-03-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05523401", "keywords": "Healthy, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (10 mg), 2C-B, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (20 mg), 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (30 mg), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA, Psilocybin, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05523401\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 788, "title": "Further education in psychedelic-assisted therapy - experiences from Switzerland.", "normalized_title": "further education in psychedelic assisted therapy experiences from switzerland", "authors": "Aicher HD, Müller F, Gasser P.", "abstract": "The growing interest in psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) for treating psychiatric disorders such as treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, and anxiety has led to an increasing demand for specialized training. In Switzerland, MDMA, psilocybin, and LSD are applied in the framework of limited medical use as exceptional treatment options since 2014. The Swiss Medical Association for Psychedelic Therapy (SÄPT) has been a key player in addressing the need for education, offering a comprehensive, three-year training program for physicians and psychologists. This curriculum integrates theoretical knowledge with hands-on experience, emphasizing the therapeutic relationship, ethical considerations, and the management of altered states of consciousness induced by psychedelics. This article gives an overview of the structure and framework of the training and addresses topics covered by the program through theoretical teaching and retreats focusing on practical learning. However, the demand for these programs far exceeds supply. This gap is expected to widen as psychedelics potentially become regulated prescription medications. In response, several organizations have expanded their educational offerings, including further education trainings, workshops, conferences, and symposia. Overall, there is a need for more comprehensive and accessible training programs to meet the growing demand. The evolving landscape of psychedelic research, regulatory changes, and diverse patient populations require flexible and adaptive training models. As the field progresses, it is essential to establish certification standards and ensure the continued quality of training programs to ensure the safe and effective use of PAT in clinical trials and practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1186/s12909-025-06871-y", "pubmed_id": "40045361", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-06871-y", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychology, Curriculum, Switzerland", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40045361\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4433, "title": "Could psilocin rescue chronic, stress-accelerated, transcriptional aging in brain?", "normalized_title": "could psilocin rescue chronic stress accelerated transcriptional aging in brain", "authors": "Craig, Danny R, Blalock, Eric M.", "abstract": "Brain aging (BA) processes are complex, often affect multiple systems, and frequently lead to cognitive decline and increased susceptibility to insults. BA appears to be a primary risk for the development of many prominent neurodegenerative pathologies. The US Census Bureau predicts that the aging population (65+) will represent a greater proportion of the US population than children (under 18) by 2034, dramatically increasing the burden on health-care infrastructure.17 Several mechanisms of stress driven, aging-related neurologic dysfunction have been advanced in the past 50 years and include: Stress hormone exposure and glucocorticoid cascade;7, 16 calcium ion dyshomeostasis;8 allostatic load;10 and neuroinflammation.14 Taken together, these data suggest that many aspects of BA are accelerated, or even recapitulated, by stress. Here, the hippocampus (HIP) is an appropriate model structure based on its well-established role in cognition and memory, its manifestation of aging and stress-driven changes in gray (GM) and white matter (WM) transcriptional profiles, and its vulnerability to neurodegeneration; further, the HIP is a major target for stress hormones. It is well-recognized that stress’ influence on the limbic system is long-lasting. This may be due to its subcortical localization, evolutionarily conserved pathways, and potentially novel entrainment mechanism compared to the highly plastic neocortical memory processes ordinarily associated with cognition. Despite years of research clearly establishing a link between stress exposure and BA, no interventions targeting this interaction have been approved. We hypothesize that healthy BA and successful resilience to chronic stress would be indicated by improved hippocampal dependent, cognition, reduced stress-behavior, and reduced inflammatory transcriptional signatures; and not merely the persistence of youthful brain dynamics. Taken together, we refer to this constellation of beneficial responses in the aged and/or stressed subject as adaptive remodeling. Psilocin (PSI), the active metabolite of psilocybin, has agonist or partial agonist activity at serotonin [5-Hydroxtryptamine (5-HT)] receptors, including the G-protein coupled receptor subtypes: 5-HT1A, 5-HT1D, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C; functional interactions with central dopaminergic systems have also been demonstrated.12 Despite PSI’s known role in 5-HT and dopaminergic signaling, other agents engaging with these systems do not appear to exert similar effects; moreover, it is not clear to what extent PSI engages other glial and neuronal monoaminergic (e.g., serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine) systems. PSI has shown strong benefits in human studies and has twice been designated by the FDA as breakthrough therapy; first in 2018 for treatment resistant depression, and again in 2019 for major depressive disorder. Despite substantial interest in the therapeutic potential of PSI, little is known about the mechanisms through which it exerts its effects. An exhaustive search on the Gene Expression Omnibus revealed a single study using transcriptional profiling in ‘brain’ in conjunction with ‘PSI’ treatment (Donovan et al., 2021; GSE172074). Our lab analyzed raw RNAseq data from this study and identified genes associated with myelin sheath, synapse, and neuron, among others, to be significantly down regulated (p < 0.001) one week after treatment in pig prefrontal cortex. We propose a multi-level study in balanced groups of young and aged, male and female, Fischer 344 rats to investigate PSI’s effects on stress-accelerated BA. In Aim 1, using an ex-vivo hippocampal slice preparation, we will study the acute effects of PSI treatment on HIP. This model will be used to establish PSI concentration-effect relationships, identify responding HIP cell-types using immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization, as well as to investigate, using RNA-seq, transcriptional profiles from laser capture microdissected hippocampal GM vs WM. Using this nonbiased approach to look at sub-region-specific profiles, will help establish a more complete account of PSI’s mechanism of action. In this prep, we will also measure PSI’s influence on basic electrophysiology properties like synaptic strength, conduction velocity and after-hyperpolarizing potential. PSI’s chronic effect on HIP-dependent cognitive behavior has also not been fully elucidated in prior studies. We will address this gap in Aim 2 of our study by using the Morris water maze test after 12-week chronic restraint [3hrs/day, 4days/week, using disposable DecapiCone restraint (or 3D printed ‘Restraint Device’ if approved)]. In human trials,1, 3, 5, 15 PSI has been used as an adjunct to guided psychotherapy (PT). To date, there are no recognized animal models of PT; though, enriched environments such as, social interaction, have been shown to be beneficial in animal models of neurodegenerative disease.9 We will attempt to mimic PT in our animal model with enriched group housing vs single housing. Regardless of whether results support our hypothesis, the significance of this project derives from its potential both for elucidating basic mechanisms of interactions between stress and BA, and for suggesting new therapeutic approaches to major health-related problems that widely affect the elderly. References Carhart-Harris RL, Bolstridge M, Rucker J, et al. Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: an open-label feasibility study. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(7):619-627. Dalva MB, McClelland AC, Kayser MS. Cell adhesion molecules: signaling functions at the synapse (2007). Nat Rev Neurosci 8:206-220. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn20 75. Davis AK, Barrett FS, May DG, Cosimano MP, Sepeda ND, Johnson MW, Finan PH, Griffiths RR. Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2021 May 1;78(5):481-489. Donovan LL, Johansen JV, Ros NF, Jaberi E, Linnet K, Johansen SS, Ozenne B, Issazadeh-Navikas S, Hansen HD, & Knudsen GM. Effects of a single dose of psilocybin on behaviour, brain 5-HT2A receptor occupancy and gene expression in the pig. (2021). European neuropsychopharmacology: The journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 42, 1-11. Griffiths RR, Johnson MW, Carducci MA, et al. Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized double-blind trial. J Psychopharmacol. 2016;30(12):1181-1197. Hargis K, Buechel HM, Popovic J, Blalock EM: Acute psychosocial stress in mid-aged male rats causes hyperthermia, cognitive decline, and increased deep sleep power, but does not alter deep sleep duration. Neurobiol Aging 2018, 70:78-85. Landfield PW. An endocrine hypothesis of brain aging and studies on brain-endocrine correlations and monosynaptic neurophysiology during aging. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. (1978). 113, 179-199.doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8893-7_11. Landfield PW, Pitler TA. Prolonged Ca2+-dependent afterhyperpolarizations in hippocampal neurons of aged rats. Science (New York, N.Y.) 226, 4678 (1984): 1089-92. Laviola G, Hannan AJ, Macrì S, Solinas M, & Jaber M. (2008). Effects of enriched environment on animal models of neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. Neurobiology of Disease, 31, 159-168. McEwen BS, Stellar E. Stress and the individual. Mechanisms leading to disease. Arch Intern Med. 1993 Sep 27;153(18):2093-101. PMID: 8379800. Nichols CD, Martin DA (2015). Serotonergic hallucinogens preferentially activate subsets of cortical neurons, interneurons, and glial cells in the mPFC, somato- sensory cortex, and claustrum, and induce rapid redistribution of 5-HT2A receptor protein in neurons ACNP 54th Annual meeting, Abstract T182. Passie T, Seifert J, Schneider U, Emrich H M. The pharmacology of psilocybin. Addict. Biol. 7, 357-364 (2002). Pourhamzeh M, Moravej FG, Arabi M, Shahriari E, Mehrabi S, Ward R, Ahadi R, Joghataei MT. The Roles of Serotonin in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1007/s10571-021-01064-9. Rogers J, Webster S, Lue LF, Brachova L, Civin WH, Emmerling M, Shivers B, Walker D, McGeer P. Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. (1996) Neurobiol Aging 17:681-686. Ross S, Bossis A, Guss J, et al. Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial. J Psychopharmacol. 2016;30(12):1165-1180. Sapolsky RM, Krey LC, McEwen BS. The neuroendocrinology of stress and aging: the glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis. 1986. Endocr.Rev. 7, 284-301. doi: 10.1210/edrv-7-3-284. United States Census Bureau. (2018). An Aging Nation. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2018/comm/pop-projections-1.jpg.", "journal": "UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)", "publication_date": "2025-03-03", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://uknowledge.uky.edu/jpns/vol2/iss1/1", "keywords": "Hippocampal formation, Neuroscience, Cognition, Population, Cognitive decline, Biology, Chronic stress, Hippocampus, Affect (linguistics), Disease, Glucocorticoid, Psychology, Mechanism (biology), Vulnerability (computing), Medicine, Allostatic load, Bioinformatics, Psychological resilience, Transcriptome, Zebrafish, Aging brain, Hormone, Torpor, Amygdala, Stressor, Allostasis, Senescence, Fight-or-flight response, Cognitive aging, Psychological intervention, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Sleep and Wakefulness Research, Memory and Neural Mechanisms", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110662772\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110662772\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Craig, Danny R\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Blalock, Eric M.\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306402623\",\"source_display_name\":\"UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/jpns/vol2/iss1/1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Cellular Senescence,Resilience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Animal Study,Older Adults,Adolescents,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions,Transcriptomics,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7110662772" }, { "id": 4434, "title": "Psilocybin therapy might help frontline pandemic workers", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy might help frontline pandemic workers", "authors": "", "abstract": "The stressors that frontline healthcare workers experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread burnout, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Based on research showing that psychedelic-assisted therapy led to improvement in symptoms of depression in various populations, investigators conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effects of psilocybin therapy among clinicians who experienced such symptoms as a result of their work during the pandemic. The trial enrolled physicians, advanced practice professionals, and nurses who had at least one month of frontline clinical care during the pandemic and reported being involved in at least two of these activities for more than half of their day: caring for a critically ill patient, working longer hours to care for COVID patients, witnessing or responding to a COVID-related death, and caring for a patient who died without their family present due to COVID precautions. Participants could not have a pre-pandemic mental health diagnosis or a current substance use disorder. The study intervention comprised two preparation sessions, a medication session in which participants received oral psilocybin 25 mg or control niacin 100 mg, and three integration sessions. The primary outcome was change from baseline to day 28 in depressive symptoms as measured by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Secondary outcomes were change in measures of burnout and PTSD. Thirty clinicians with a mean age of 38 participated. Psilocybin led to significant improvement over the control condition in depressive symptoms, with decreases in the psilocybin group sustained at 6 months. There were numerically larger decreases in symptoms of burnout and PTSD in the psilocybin group, but the difference was not significant in the measure of burnout and the comparison for PTSD was not statistically tested. No serious adverse events were reported. “The results establish psilocybin therapy as a new paradigm of treatment for this post-pandemic condition and add to the evidence of psilocybin therapy for depression,” the study's authors asserted. [Back, A., et al. (2024). JAMA Network Open. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49026]", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2025-03-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31292", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31292", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Pandemic, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Pharmacology, Virology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Disease, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Outbreak, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:40", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408154898\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408154898\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31292\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408154898" }, { "id": 792, "title": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy: An overview for the internist.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy an overview for the internist", "authors": "Barnett BS, Mauney EE, King F.", "abstract": "Preliminary evidence suggests that psychedelic-assisted therapy-the enhancement of psychotherapy with psychedelics such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphet-amine (MDMA) and psilocybin-may be efficacious for depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders, and other conditions. Therapeutic psychedelic research is advancing steadily, with psilocybin, MDMA, and lysergic acid diethylamide designated breakthrough therapies by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, in August 2024, the FDA declined to approve a New Drug Application for MDMA and asked its sponsor to conduct another phase 3 trial. Clinicians are urged to prepare for the possible return of psychedelics to medicine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-03-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3949/ccjm.92a.24032", "pubmed_id": "40032306", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.92a.24032", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, United States, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40032306\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 790, "title": "Results From a Long-Term Observational Follow-Up Study of a Single Dose of Psilocybin for a Treatment-Resistant Episode of Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "results from a long term observational follow up study of a single dose of psilocybin for a treatment resistant episode of major depressive disorder", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Ania Nowakowska, Merve Atli, Boadie W. Dunlop, David Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, Lindsey Marwood, Zainib Shabir, Sunil Mistry, S. C. Stansfield, Emma Teoh, Joyce Tsai, Matthew B. Young, Ekaterina Malievskaia", "abstract": "The largest randomized study of psilocybin to date demonstrated the efficacy of COMP360 25 mg (Compass Pathways' investigational proprietary pharmaceutical-grade synthesized psilocybin formulation) in participants with treatment-resistant depression (COMP001), compared with 10 mg and 1 mg doses. Here, we report findings from COMP004, a 52-week observational follow-up of patients from COMP001 and COMP003, a small open-label study of the coadministration of 25 mg COMP360 with continuing antidepressant treatment. Adverse events (AEs) were collected over the full 52-week period. The primary efficacy endpoint was time to a prespecified depressive event over the 52 weeks following COMP360 administration in COMP001 participants, presented as Kaplan-Meier estimates. A post hoc analysis included only participants that entered COMP004. Data were collected from July 2020 to July 2022. Sixty-six participants entered COMP004 (COMP001, n = 58 [25 mg group n = 22, 10 mg group n = 19, 1 mg group n = 17]; COMP003, n = 8). Few AEs were reported post-entry into COMP004, with 1 AE of mild suicidal ideation in the 1 mg group deemed possibly related to study drug. For all COMP001 patients (n = 233), median time to depressive event was greater for the 25 mg group (92 days) compared to the 10 mg (83 days) and 1 mg (62 days) groups, with the majority of participants having had a depressive event by Week 12 (25 mg n = 37/75, 10 mg n = 38/79, 1 mg n = 44/75). The post hoc supplementary analysis of those who enrolled in COMP004 from COMP001 exhibited the difference between groups more strikingly (25 mg, 189 days; 10 mg, 43 days; 1 mg, 21 days); however, only 10 participants experienced a depressive event post-COMP004 enrollment (25 mg n = 6, 10 mg n = 3, 1 mg n = 1) from COMP001 and none from COMP003. At COMP004 entry, the 1 mg group had the highest number of participants on antidepressant medication (n = 10; 10 mg, n = 9; 25 mg, n = 6) and generally initiated treatment earlier. Over 52 weeks, a single administration of 25 mg psilocybin suggested longer maintenance of antidepressant effect than both 1 mg and 10 mg. Larger long-term studies are required to confirm these findings and provide clarity on the longer-term effects of psilocybin. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04519957.", "journal": "The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2025-03-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.4088/jcp.24m15449", "pubmed_id": "40047545", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.24m15449", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Observational study, Term (time), Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Physics, Cognition, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408151066\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408151066\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":14,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Ania Nowakowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076970739\",\"display_name\":\"Zainib Shabir\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-7241\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Emma Teoh\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091177873\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-3190\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S17992710\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.24m15449\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408151066" }, { "id": 797, "title": "Psychedelics for Cancer Pain and Associated Psychological Distress: A Narrative Review of a Potential Strategy.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for cancer pain and associated psychological distress a narrative review of a potential strategy", "authors": "Belitzky E, Ravani Carvalho LV, Taylor M, Ortiz CN, Baum L, Fiellin DA, Lustberg MB.", "abstract": "PurposeTo evaluate the current level of evidence for the use of psychedelics for the management of cancer pain and associated psychological distress.ContentPain is a common symptom of cancer and treatment. However, there are high rates of undertreatment of cancer pain due to the complex underlying biology of the condition, and potentially due to a decrease in opioid prescribing in response to the opioid epidemic. A diagnosis of cancer and cancer-related pain can trigger high levels of psychological distress throughout cancer treatment. Cancer pain can also be exacerbated by anxiety, depression, quality of life challenges, and fear of death and dying, as well as by fear of recurrence or progression. Several pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches have been utilized to mitigate pain and symptom burden with some success. However, there remains an unmet need for better management of cancer pain and associated symptoms. Psychedelics, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, mescaline, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), are under consideration as new pharmacologic strategies for mitigating pain and the distress associated with cancer pain and associated symptom burden. Although published studies are limited, regulatory hurdles have decreased. Many clinical trials are underway to assess further the use of psychedelics and behavioral counseling for patients with cancer and comorbidities such as anxiety or depression. These studies examine both the feasibility and efficacy of psychedelics for pain and psychological distress. Early results are promising, and additional research is needed to understand efficacy and tolerability in broader cancer populations.ImplicationsThere is an unmet need to improve pain management in patients with cancer and to mitigate psychological distress. Further research is required to understand the efficacy of psychedelics for the treatment of cancer pain and distress. Recent regulatory changes have paved the way for increased research on the clinical efficacy of psychedelics in cancer.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/cam4.70586", "pubmed_id": "40052631", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70586", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Quality of Life, Pain Management, Cancer Pain, Psychological Distress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40052631\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3764, "title": "Sociodemographic and mental-health characteristics of psychedelic-assisted therapy participants: Latent class analysis of a cross-sectional, purposive online sample", "normalized_title": "sociodemographic and mental health characteristics of psychedelic assisted therapy participants latent class analysis of a cross sectional purposive online sample", "authors": "Petrovitch D, Hosford S, Littlefield AK, Austin-Robillard H.", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging treatment approach that often combines pharmacotherapeutic dosing sessions with more traditional psychotherapy. Despite limited formal regulatory approval, treatment seekers can currently access PAT through a variety of avenues, including ketamine treatment centers and “supported adult use” psilocybin centers in the U.S., drug tourism, “underground” therapy, and participation in clinical trials, among other ways. This has created a heterogenous landscape of PAT access in which people self-report PAT utilization with a variety of psychedelic and hallucinogenic drugs. However, there is limited published data on patterns of PAT involvement across drugs among real-world patients.Therefore, the present study investigated patterns of PAT utilization by applying latent class analysis (LCA) to a purposive sample of 244 self-identified PAT patients. Participants were recruited from a variety of sources (e.g., ketamine clinics, social media groups, a large U.S. university) and asked to report lifetime PAT utilization involving six compounds: psilocybin, ketamine, mescaline, ayahuasca/N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Participants also completed sociodemographic and internalizing measures (e.g., Beck Depression Inventory II, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and responses were compared across classes.LCA yielded a three-class solution. In addition to High- (55.7% of the sample) and Medium-PAT classes (29.1%), a unique Psilocybin-Ketamine class (15.2%) was identified-membership in this class was characterized by universal involvement with psilocybin and notable involvement with ketamine PAT compared to other compounds. Between-class comparisons of mental-health assessments indicated that the High-PAT class reported elevated depression and anxiety.These findings suggest that high levels of lifetime involvement in a variety of PAT modalities may be associated with more severe self-reported psychiatric symptoms, raising questions about selection or iatrogenic effects within the current PAT landscape. The emergence of a Psilocybin-Ketamine class implies that these substances may serve as initial entry points into PAT.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-02-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/26tz7_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/26tz7_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:19", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1055676\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3196, "title": "Sociodemographic and mental-health characteristics of psychedelic-assisted therapy participants: Latent class analysis of a cross-sectional, purposive online sample", "normalized_title": "sociodemographic and mental health characteristics of psychedelic assisted therapy participants latent class analysis of a cross sectional purposive online sample", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging treatment approach that often combines pharmacotherapeutic dosing sessions with more traditional psychotherapy. Despite limited formal regulatory approval, treatment seekers can currently access PAT through a variety of avenues, including ketamine treatment centers and “supported adult use” psilocybin centers in the U.S., drug tourism, “underground” therapy, and participation in clinical trials, among other ways. This has created a heterogenous landscape of PAT access in which people self-report PAT utilization with a variety of psychedelic and hallucinogenic drugs. However, there is limited published data on patterns of PAT involvement across drugs among real-world patients. Therefore, the present study investigated patterns of PAT utilization by applying latent class analysis (LCA) to a purposive sample of 244 self-identified PAT patients. Participants were recruited from a variety of sources (e.g., ketamine clinics, social media groups, a large U.S. university) and asked to report lifetime PAT utilization involving six compounds: psilocybin, ketamine, mescaline, ayahuasca/N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Participants also completed sociodemographic and internalizing measures (e.g., Beck Depression Inventory II, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and responses were compared across classes. LCA yielded a three-class solution. In addition to High- (55.7% of the sample) and Medium-PAT classes (29.1%), a unique Psilocybin-Ketamine class (15.2%) was identified-membership in this class was characterized by universal involvement with psilocybin and notable involvement with ketamine PAT compared to other compounds. Between-class comparisons of mental-health assessments indicated that the High-PAT class reported elevated depression and anxiety. These findings suggest that high levels of lifetime involvement in a variety of PAT modalities may be associated with more severe self-reported psychiatric symptoms, raising questions about selection or iatrogenic effects within the current PAT landscape. The emergence of a Psilocybin-Ketamine class implies that these substances may serve as initial entry points into PAT.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2025-02-27", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/26tz7_v1", "keywords": "ketamine, latent class analysis, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted therapy, purposive sampling methods, underground psychedelic therapy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Therapy, Psychotherapy, Psychopharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"26tz7_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 815, "title": "A review of psychedelics trials completed in depression, informed by European regulatory perspectives.", "normalized_title": "a review of psychedelics trials completed in depression informed by european regulatory perspectives", "authors": "Silva F, Butlen-Ducuing F, Guizzaro L, Balabanov P.", "abstract": "There is a growing body of clinical research on the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for the treatment of mental health disorders, notably depression. Accordingly, the new revision of the European Medicines Agency guideline on the clinical investigation of products for depression will incorporate a section covering specific regulatory recommendations for the design of studies with psychedelics. The present review investigated the methodological approaches adopted in completed controlled trials of psychedelics for depression in light of initial considerations included in the draft guideline revision. A systematic search conducted on scientific databases (Embase and Medline) and clinical trial registries (clinicaltrials.gov and WHO ICTPR) identified 8 completed trials as of February 2024. The trials tested psilocybin, LSD, Ayahuasca, and DMT, for major depressive disorder or treatment-resistant depression, and were all pahse 2 or 1/2. Patterns in pre-defined methodological variables pertaining to trial design, population, interventions, outcome measures and safety assessments were analysed and collated against considerations on unblinding and expectancy, choice of comparator, the definition of treatment frameworks, the characterisation of the subjective psychedelic experience and the specification of adverse events in relation to subjective psychedelic effects. Areas for future research, including long-term efficacy and safety and the influence of inter-individual differences, can be investigated in larger studies, necessary for marketing authorisation applications. Ultimately, balancing the intricacies of conducting trials with psychedelics with ensuring adherence to regulatory requirements can be facilitated by early dialogue with medicines regulators, and will be essential for the medical development of psychedelics to address unmet patient needs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-25", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105516", "pubmed_id": "40654583", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105516", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40654583\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 719, "title": "Psychedelic-assisted Therapy as a Promising Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy as a promising treatment for irritable bowel syndrome", "authors": "Mauney E, King F, Burton-Murray H, Kuo B.", "abstract": "Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is prevalent and can be disabling. Many patients remain symptomatic despite behavioral and medical therapies. Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), in which serotonergic agents like psilocybin are administered in a psychotherapeutic context, has shown promise for refractory psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Emerging evidence suggests PAT may also be beneficial for chronic pain conditions, including fibromyalgia, low back pain, and migraines. IBS is highly comorbid with depression, anxiety, and other chronic pain disorders, suggesting shared cognitive and neurological roots and potentially shared therapeutic targets. In this editorial, we discuss 3 lines of evidence for PAT as a treatment for IBS, under the overarching themes of (1) psychological mechanisms (the findings from historic studies of psychedelics for chronic pain and the elements of psychobiological dysfunction targeted by PAT), (2) central nervous system mechanisms (default mode network modulation and induction of neuroplasticity), and (3) the neurointestinal pathophysiology of IBS that may be modified by PAT. We argue that this evidence suggests PAT is worthy of study as a new therapy for IBS, and potentially for other disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). Successful application of PAT to gastrointestinal disease would represent a major step beyond mind-body dualism, with potential implications for other functional somatic disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-16", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1097/mcg.0000000000002149", "pubmed_id": "39998940", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/mcg.0000000000002149", "keywords": "Humans, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Hallucinogens, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39998940\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 822, "title": "CORRECTION: Efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression: systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "correction efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1136/bmj.r111", "pubmed_id": "39929528", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.r111", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39929528\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 826, "title": "Emerging Medications for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Review with Perspective on Mechanisms and Challenges.", "normalized_title": "emerging medications for treatment resistant depression a review with perspective on mechanisms and challenges", "authors": "Lucido MJ, Dunlop BW.", "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Non-response to initial treatment options for major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common clinical challenge with profound deleterious impacts for affected patients. Few treatments have received regulatory approval for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods: A systematic search of United States and European Union clinical trials registries was conducted to identify Phase II, III, or IV clinical trials, with a last update posted on or after 1 January 2020, that were evaluating medications for TRD. For both the US and EU registries, the condition term \"treatment resistant depression\" and associated lower-level terms (per registry search protocol) were used. For the US registry, a secondary search using the condition term \"depressive disorders\" and the modifying term \"inadequate\" was also performed to capture registrations not tagged as TRD. Two additional searches were also conducted in the US registry for the terms \"suicide\" and \"anhedonia\" as transdiagnostic targets of investigational medications. Trials were categorized based on the primary mechanism of action of the trial's investigational medication. Results: Fifty clinical trials for TRD, 20 for anhedonia, and 25 for suicide were identified. Glutamate system modulation was the mechanism currently with the most compounds in development, including antagonists and allosteric modulators of NMDA receptors, AMPA receptors, metabotropic type 2/3 glutamate receptors, and intracellular effector molecules downstream of glutamate signaling. Psychedelics have seen the greatest surge among mechanistic targets in the past 5 years, however, with psilocybin in particular garnering significant attention. Other mechanisms included GABA modulators, monoamine modulators, anti-inflammatory/immune-modulating agents, and an orexin type 2 receptor antagonist. Conclusions: These investigations offer substantial promise for more efficacious and potentially personalized medication approaches for TRD. Challenges for detecting efficacy in TRD include the heterogeneity within the TRD population stemming from the presumed variety of biological dysfunctions underlying the disorder, comorbid disorders, chronic psychosocial stressors, and enduring effects of prior serotonergic antidepressant medication treatments.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci15020161", "pubmed_id": "40002494", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15020161", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40002494\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4443, "title": "Psilocybin mushroom stewardship: A qualitative inquiry into practices and priorities of “underground” psilocybin mushroom practitioners", "normalized_title": "psilocybin mushroom stewardship a qualitative inquiry into practices and priorities of underground psilocybin mushroom practitioners", "authors": "Shannon Hughes, Lucia Terpak, Reilly Capps, Pam Peters, Nicole Lilly, Dylan Rivard", "abstract": "Abstract Background and Aims Networks of so-called underground, or illegal, psilocybin mushroom practitioners are popularly known to exist, though few systematic investigations of their practices have been conducted. We sought to uncover the experiences of a hidden community of psilocybin practitioners in order to inform scientific and policy dialogues about safe and effective practices in this area. Methods An academic-community partnered research team used snowball sampling to recruit 17 underground psilocybin practitioners in a western U.S. state for in-depth individual interviews focused on training, protocols, practices, and policy priorities. Combined deductive and inductive analysis with three independent coders was completed using NVivo v12. Results Practitioners were white (76.5%), female-identified (64.7%), aged 31 to 50 (64.7%), non-therapists by training (58.8%), and moderately to highly experienced facilitators. All described multiple years of often difficult personal inner-directed work with psilocybin before guiding others. Benefits ranged from reduction in symptoms of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addictions to greater self-knowledge, reduced death anxiety, and a greater ability to experience joy. Client screening protocols revealed precautions for persons with severe trauma backgrounds, personality disorders, or lacking social support. Moving too quickly into a high dose mushroom session without adequate preparation or internal resourcing was perceived as a significant risk for harm. Practitioners' direct personal relationship with mushrooms was highlighted as critical to safe practice. Policy priorities centered on respectful reciprocity, defined as an ethos of giving back rather than extraction, and equitable access. Conclusions While some psychedelic research actively examines the role of the mystical-type experience in clients' positive outcomes, findings from underground practitioners suggest an even greater role of mysticism, relationality, and expanded concepts of holistic healing that can inform the development of best practice paradigms of an emerging profession.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2025-02-04", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2025.00375", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2025.00375", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Stewardship (theology), Mushroom, Mushroom poisoning, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Political science, Chemistry, Psychiatry, Food science, Politics, Law, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407157019\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407157019\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W63354357\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143350277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2541735118\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2739506888\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023499422\",\"https://openalex.org/W3198659533\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199302798\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204171992\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215626177\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210764005\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236038590\",\"https://openalex.org/W4241052343\",\"https://openalex.org/W4244982232\",\"https://openalex.org/W4245006944\",\"https://openalex.org/W4248607037\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251929576\",\"https://openalex.org/W4255816404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281891940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283584241\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289522809\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322757924\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361248485\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386827794\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387580925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387763972\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\",\"https://openalex.org/W6804346829\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066575824\",\"display_name\":\"Shannon Hughes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4152-3831\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116155320\",\"display_name\":\"Lucia Terpak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116155321\",\"display_name\":\"Reilly Capps\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116155322\",\"display_name\":\"Pam Peters\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112334947\",\"display_name\":\"Nicole Lilly\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116155324\",\"display_name\":\"Dylan Rivard\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2025.00375\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Personality Change,Mystical Experience,Safety", "study_type": "Qualitative Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4407157019" }, { "id": 830, "title": "Investigating novel pharmacological strategies for treatment-resistant depression: focus on new mechanisms and approaches.", "normalized_title": "investigating novel pharmacological strategies for treatment resistant depression focus on new mechanisms and approaches", "authors": "de Miranda AS, C B Toscano E, Venna VR, Graeff FG, Teixeira AL.", "abstract": "IntroductionA substantial number of patients exhibit treatment-resistant depression (TRD), posing significant challenges to clinicians. The discovery of novel molecules or mechanisms that may underlie TRD pathogenesis and antidepressant actions is highly needed.Areas coveredUsing the PubMed database, the authors searched for emerging evidence of novel approaches for TRD based on experimental and human studies. Herein, the authors discuss the mechanisms underlying glutamatergic antagonists, modulators of the opioid system, and tryptamine-derivate psychedelics as well as the emerging platforms to investigate novel pharmacological targets for TRD. A search for clinical trials investigating novel agents and interventions for TRD was also conducted.Expert opinionThe understanding of the multiple pathophysiological mechanisms involved in TRD may add further value to the effective treatment, contributing to a more personalized approach. Esketamine was approved for the treatment of TRD and novel drugs with rapid antidepressant actions such as psilocybin and buprenorphine have also been investigated as potential therapeutic strategies. Over the past decades, technological advances such as omics approaches have broadened our knowledge regarding molecular and genetic underpinnings of complex conditions like TRD. Omics approaches could open new avenues for investigating glial-mediated mechanisms, including their crosstalk with neurons, as therapeutic targets in TRD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-02-02", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1080/17460441.2025.2460674", "pubmed_id": "39885729", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17460441.2025.2460674", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39885729\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 802, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for Parkinson's disease without depression: A case-report", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for parkinson s disease without depression a case report", "authors": "Vanessa Fleury, Emilie Tomkova, Sabina Catalano Chiuvé, Louise Penzenstadler", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelic assisted psychotherapy (PAP) can improve treatment-resistant depression. Its usefulness in Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown. PD patients may have problems adjusting to their chronic progressive neurological disease. A change from emotional avoidance to acceptance has been reported following psilocybin administration in patients with treatment-resistant depression.ObjectiveTo report for the first time the effect of psilocybin in a PD patient.MethodsA non-depressed 43-year-old female with a 2-year history of PD presented with difficulty adjusting to PD, anxious ruminations and pessimism. The patient declined an increase in dopaminergic medication or the introduction of an anxiolytic. Therapeutic patient education was not beneficial. The patient received four sessions of high-dose PAP within one year. Neurological and psychiatric assessments were performed before and at one year follow-up using qualitative interviews and quantitative assessment of motor status, dispositional optimism, depression, anxiety, apathy, and well-being.ResultsPAP was well tolerated. It significantly improved the patient's overall pessimistic outlook on her future and decreased her anxious ruminations and worries about potential handicap due to PD. Her general well-being improved, as well as all psychometric scores except for the apathy scale. Motor status remained unchanged. Better acceptance of PD allowed her to accept pharmacological treatment adjustment.ConclusionsPAP could be a safe and useful treatment for PD patients with dispositional pessimism and difficulties accepting their disease by promoting profound decentration from habitual thoughts and emotions, improving mood and PD acceptance. Randomized, controlled studies are needed to confirm this result.", "journal": "Journal of Parkinson s Disease", "publication_date": "2025-02-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/1877718x241312604", "pubmed_id": "39973494", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1877718x241312604", "keywords": "Apathy, Parkinson's disease, Psychology, Depression (economics), Mood, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Psilocybin, Pessimism, Somatization, Clinical psychology, Optimism, Disease, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Internal medicine, Cognition, Economics, Hallucinogen, Philosophy, Epistemology, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407078896\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407078896\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2019778340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062075297\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140978740\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271667746\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413927240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561419573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792130262\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894541203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116760400\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139407639\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193711914\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205647471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252855288\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366087911\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382632371\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385636083\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386861633\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390063366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400496975\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400513312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403080353\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009783577\",\"display_name\":\"Vanessa Fleury\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5744-6829\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058313981\",\"display_name\":\"Emilie Tomkova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073766814\",\"display_name\":\"Sabina Catalano Chiuvé\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3789-5827\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054543118\",\"display_name\":\"Louise Penzenstadler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1379-0243\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764943606\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Parkinson s Disease\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/1877718x241312604\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4407078896" }, { "id": 4450, "title": "Latent Class Analysis of Changes in Substance Use and Depressive Symptoms following Naturalistic Psilocybin Use: Results from a Prospective Longitudinal Survey", "normalized_title": "latent class analysis of changes in substance use and depressive symptoms following naturalistic psilocybin use results from a prospective longitudinal survey", "authors": "Jérémie Richard, Sandeep M. Nayak, Nathan D. Sepeda, Albert Garcia-Romeu", "abstract": "", "journal": "Drug and Alcohol Dependence", "publication_date": "2025-01-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112184", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112184", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Latent class model, Psychology, Depressive symptoms, Substance use, Naturalistic observation, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Longitudinal study, Medicine, Anxiety, Social psychology, Pathology, Statistics, Mathematics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407076188\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407076188\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006203775\",\"display_name\":\"Jérémie Richard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9893-1353\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091708678\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-1644\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S109998069\",\"source_display_name\":\"Drug and Alcohol Dependence\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112184\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4407076188" }, { "id": 3292, "title": "BEHAVIORAL PHENOTYPING AND METABOLOMIC COMPARISON OF CHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZED PSILOCYBIN AND PSYCHEDELIC MUSHROOM EXTRACT IN A ZEBRAFISH DEPRESSION MODEL", "normalized_title": "behavioral phenotyping and metabolomic comparison of chemically synthesized psilocybin and psychedelic mushroom extract in a zebrafish depression model", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11815225", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC11815225\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Metabolomics", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3291, "title": "ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ESCITALOPRAM AND PSILOCYBIN THERAPY AND BRAIN RESTING-STATE FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER", "normalized_title": "associations between escitalopram and psilocybin therapy and brain resting state functional connectivity in major depressive disorder", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11814992", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC11814992\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 831, "title": "Among Psychedelics, Only Psilocybin Has Demonstrated Benefit to Treat Depression.", "normalized_title": "among psychedelics only psilocybin has demonstrated benefit to treat depression", "authors": "Allen F. Shaughnessy", "abstract": "", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2025-01-31", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "39964936", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39964936", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407760123\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407760123\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019879611\",\"display_name\":\"Allen F. Shaughnessy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8697-4620\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39964936\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4407760123" }, { "id": 775, "title": "Psychedelics in neuroinflammation: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in neuroinflammation mechanisms and therapeutic potential", "authors": "de Deus JL, Maia JM, Soriano RN, Amorim MR, Branco LGS.", "abstract": "Neuroinflammation is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and major depressive disorder. Psychedelics, such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and dimethyltryptamine (DMT), have demonstrated promising therapeutic effects on neuroinflammation, primarily through interactions with serotonin (5-HT) receptors, particularly the 5-HT2A receptor. Activation of these receptors by psychedelics modulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, regulates microglial activity, and shifts the balance between neurotoxic and neuroprotective metabolites. Additionally, psychedelics affect critical signaling pathways, including the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways, promoting neuroplasticity and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. Beyond the serotonergic system, other neurotransmitter systems-including the glutamatergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic), and cholinergic systems-also play significant roles in mediating the effects of psychedelics. This review examines the intricate mechanisms by which psychedelics modulate neuroinflammation and underscores their potential as innovative therapeutic agents for treating neuroinflammatory and neuropsychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-30", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111278", "pubmed_id": "39892847", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111278", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Signal Transduction, Neuroinflammatory Diseases", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39892847\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Drug Interactions,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 847, "title": "Mushrooms, Microdosing, and Mental Illness: The Effect of Psilocybin on Neurotransmitters, Neuroinflammation, and Neuroplasticity.", "normalized_title": "mushrooms microdosing and mental illness the effect of psilocybin on neurotransmitters neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity", "authors": "Kinderlehrer DA.", "abstract": "The incidence of mental health disorders is increasing worldwide. While there are multiple factors contributing to this problem, neuroinflammation underlies a significant subset of psychiatric conditions, particularly major depressive and anxiety disorders. Anti-inflammatory interventions have demonstrated benefit in these conditions. Psilocin, the active ingredient of mushrooms in the Psilocybe genus, is both a potent serotonin agonist and anti-inflammatory agent, increases neuroplasticity, and decreases overactivity in the default mode network. Studies using hallucinogenic doses of psilocin under the supervision of a therapist/guide have consistently demonstrated benefits to individuals with depression and end-of-life anxiety. Microdosing psilocybin in sub-hallucinogenic doses has also demonstrated benefit in mood disorders, and may offer a safe, less expensive, and more available alternative to full doses of psilocybin for mood disorders, as well as for other medical conditions in which inflammation is the principal pathophysiology.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.2147/ndt.s500337", "pubmed_id": "39897712", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/ndt.s500337", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39897712\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Microdosing,Inflammation", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 817, "title": "Psychiatric Treatments with Short-Duration Psychedelics and AI-Driven Behavioral Monitoring.", "normalized_title": "psychiatric treatments with short duration psychedelics and ai driven behavioral monitoring", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "Integrating advanced pharmaceutical innovations and artificial intelligence (AI) offers transformative potential for psychiatric care. This Patent Highlight reviews novel therapeutic strategies, including the synergistic use of monoamine antidepressants and short-duration psychedelics, alongside AI-driven behavioral efficacy tracking. The combination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) with short-acting psychedelics, such as N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and psilocybin, provides rapid and sustained improvements in treatment-resistant depression and anxiety. Meanwhile, AI-enhanced behavioral monitoring leverages motion tracking and machine learning to quantify treatment outcomes in animal models, accelerating drug development. Together, these approaches redefine therapeutic paradigms, offering personalized and effective treatments for psychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00031", "pubmed_id": "39967620", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00031", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39967620\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 804, "title": "Suicide of a patient shortly after psilocybin-assisted psychedelic therapy: A case report", "normalized_title": "suicide of a patient shortly after psilocybin assisted psychedelic therapy a case report", "authors": "Felix Müller, Thomas Sauer, Corina Hänny, Markus Mühlhauser, Undine E. Lang", "abstract": "• A60-year-old man with recurrent depression and history of delusions died after psilocybin-assisted therapy. • Psilocybin-triggered delusions and emotional dysregulation may have contributed. • Weak therapeutic alliance hindered assessment of patient's internal state. • Delusional symptoms may contraindicate psychedelic interventions. • This case emphasizes the need for thorough assessment and close follow-up in complex cases.", "journal": "Psychiatry Research", "publication_date": "2025-01-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116381", "pubmed_id": "39889565", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116381", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Telepathy, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407011158\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4407011158\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":11,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135650175\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200846882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387902564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"https://openalex.org/W6801517163\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061374713\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Müller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-6610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048556303\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Sauer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049418648\",\"display_name\":\"Corina Hänny\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084479364\",\"display_name\":\"Markus Mühlhauser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009127344\",\"display_name\":\"Undine E. Lang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3585-6533\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S84074229\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatry Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116381\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Case Report,Toxicity", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4407011158" }, { "id": 668, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin on Mouse Brain Microstructure", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin on mouse brain microstructure", "authors": "Paloma C. Frautschi, Ajay Paul Singh, Nicholas A. Stowe, Sean M. Grady, Zarmeen Zahid, Matthew I. Banks, John-Paul J. Yu", "abstract": "ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is surging interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic compounds like psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses like major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent studies point to the rapid antidepressant effect of psilocybin; however, the biological mechanisms underlying these differences remain unknown. This study determines the feasibility of using diffusion MRI to characterize and define the potential spatiotemporal microstructural differences in the brain following psilocybin treatment in C57BL/6J male mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 11-15 week-old C57BL/6J male mice were randomized to receive psilocybin, 6F-DET (6-fluoro-N,Ndiethyltryptamine), or saline and ex vivo imaged 24h (n=18) and 72h (n=18) post treatment. A one-way ANOVA with multiple comparison testing (Bonferroni correction) assessed diffusion metric differences (tractography, DTI, NODDI) between the three groups and was performed in the following regions of interest: amygdala, striatum, hippocampus, thalamus, primary visual cortex area, frontal association cortex, and medial prefrontal cortex at 24h and 72h post drug administration. RESULTS: Psilocybin treated mice demonstrated structural connectivity differences at 72h in the frontal association cortex (compared to saline, mean tract length increases, p=0.03). Psilocybin also induced microstructural differences at 24h post-injection in the primary visual cortex (compared to saline, MD increases, p=0.02) and 72h post-injection in the striatum (compared to saline; MD increases, p= 0.02, NDI decreases, p=0.02) and hippocampus (compared to saline; MD increases, p=0.04, NDI decreases, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Diffusion microstructure imaging and white matter tractography are sensitive methods to detect and characterize the neural substrates and microstructural differences accompanying psilocybin treatment. These findings suggest the potential role for diffusion microstructure imaging to quantify the bioeffects of psychedelics like psilocybin on the brain, monitor treatment response, and identify salient clinical endpoints in an emerging therapeutic option for patients with MDD. ABBREVIATIONS: dMRI= diffusion-weighted MRI; 6F-DET= 6-fluoro-N,N-diethyltryptamine; NODDI= neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging; DTI= diffusion tensor imaging; NDI= neurite density index; ODI= orientation dispersion index; FA= fractional anisotropy; MD= mean diffusivity; MTL= mean tract length; mPFC= medial prefrontal cortex.", "journal": "American Journal of Neuroradiology", "publication_date": "2025-01-28", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3174/ajnr.a8634", "pubmed_id": "39880687", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a8634", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Neuroscience, Pharmacology, Biology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Functional Brain Connectivity Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406946828\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406946828\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1968789258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978481169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032254014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042662378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053472601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170596036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515280853\",\"https://openalex.org/W2530124087\",\"https://openalex.org/W2599826853\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917228042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2936495870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027721867\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205085416\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283768889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291398459\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297905880\",\"https://openalex.org/W4304690665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315620578\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367601593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389137509\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391838869\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392203910\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4403392138\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093239036\",\"display_name\":\"Paloma C. Frautschi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053387944\",\"display_name\":\"Ajay Paul Singh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7650-8519\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049513042\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas A. Stowe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076428581\",\"display_name\":\"Sean M. Grady\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062926830\",\"display_name\":\"Zarmeen Zahid\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-3409\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037469144\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew I. Banks\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1936-7529\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019409937\",\"display_name\":\"John-Paul J. Yu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-052X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S101278519\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Neuroradiology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a8634\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406946828" }, { "id": 3679, "title": "A Phase II Randomized, Double-blind, Active Placebo-controlled Parallel Group Trial to Examine the Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin in Treatment-resistant Major Depression", "normalized_title": "a phase ii randomized double blind active placebo controlled parallel group trial to examine the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression", "authors": "Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim", "abstract": "The study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of oral psilocybin administered under supportive conditions in treatment-resistant major depression (TRD). The study is a bi-centric, prospective, randomized, active placebo-controlled study investigating the effects of 25 mg and 5 mg (p.o.) psilocybin versus placebo (100 mg nicotinamide) in a psychotherapeutic context in 144 patients with TRD from moderate to severe degree (ICD-10 F32/F33). After giving written informed consent and down-titration of their monoaminergic medication under supervision of the treating psychiatrist and the study team, patients will be randomly assigned to one of four trial arms using an online randomization tool: 1) receiving placebo (100 mg nicotinamide) at the first session and the full dose (25 mg) at the second; 2) receiving the presumably sub-effective dose (5 mg) at the first session and the full dose (25 mg) at the second; 3a) receiving the full dose (25 mg) at the first session and 5 mg at the second; 3b) receiving the full dose at both sessions. The two dosing sessions are accompanied by three preparatory and four integration sessions. Drug administration must occur under psychotherapeutic conditions. Two trained therapists (one male, one female) will be assigned to each patient and be present during each dosing, preparatory and integration sessions. We will follow the safety guidelines provided by Johnson et al. (2), including a thorough preparation, establishment of trust/rapport, a safe and pleasing physical environment and sufficient interpersonal support. For safety reasons and close monitoring, patients will stay hospitalized for one night after each dosing session (i.e. in-patient setting).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2025-01-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04670081", "keywords": "Treatment-resistant Depression, Psilocybin, Nicotinamide, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04670081\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 722, "title": "Catalyst for change: Psilocybin's antidepressant mechanisms-A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "catalyst for change psilocybin s antidepressant mechanisms a systematic review", "authors": "Liebnau J, Betzler F, Kerber A.", "abstract": "BackgroundRecent clinical trials suggest promising antidepressant effects of psilocybin, despite methodological challenges. While various studies have investigated distinct mechanisms and proposed theoretical opinions, a comprehensive understanding of psilocybin's neurobiological and psychological antidepressant mechanisms is lacking.AimsSystematically review potential antidepressant neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of psilocybin.MethodsSearch terms were generated based on existing evidence of psilocybin's effects related to antidepressant mechanisms. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, 15 studies were systematically reviewed, exploring various therapeutic change principles such as brain dynamics, emotion regulation, cognition, self-referential processing, connectedness, and interpersonal functioning.ResultsWithin a supportive setting, psilocybin promoted openness, cognitive and neural flexibility, and greater ability and acceptance of emotional experiences. A renewed sense of connectedness to the self, others, and the world emerged as a key experience. Imaging studies consistently found altered brain dynamics, characterized by reduced global and within default mode network connectivity, alongside increased between-network connectivity.ConclusionsTogether, these changes may create a fertile yet vulnerable window for change, emphasizing the importance of a supportive set, setting, and therapeutic guidance. The results suggest that psilocybin, within a supportive context, may induce antidepressant effects by leveraging the interplay between neurobiological mechanisms and common psychotherapeutic factors. This complements the view of purely pharmacological effects, supporting a multileveled approach that reflects various relevant dimensions of therapeutic change, including neurobiological, psychological, and environmental factors.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-19", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241312866", "pubmed_id": "39829391", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241312866", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Cognition, Psilocybin, Emotional Regulation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39829391\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 854, "title": "Uncovering Psychedelics: From Neural Circuits to Therapeutic Applications.", "normalized_title": "uncovering psychedelics from neural circuits to therapeutic applications", "authors": "Melani A, Bonaso M, Biso L, Zucchini B, Conversano C, Scarselli M.", "abstract": "Psychedelics, historically celebrated for their cultural and spiritual significance, have emerged as potential breakthrough therapeutic agents due to their profound effects on consciousness, emotional processing, mood, and neural plasticity. This review explores the mechanisms underlying psychedelics' effects, focusing on their ability to modulate brain connectivity and neural circuit activity, including the default mode network (DMN), cortico-striatal thalamo-cortical (CSTC) loops, and the relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) model. Advanced neuroimaging techniques reveal psychedelics' capacity to enhance functional connectivity between sensory cerebral areas while reducing the connections between associative brain areas, decreasing the rigidity and rendering the brain more plastic and susceptible to external changings, offering insights into their therapeutic outcome. The most relevant clinical trials of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) demonstrate significant efficacy in treating treatment-resistant psychiatric conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety, with favorable safety profiles. Despite these advancements, critical gaps remain in linking psychedelics' molecular actions to their clinical efficacy. This review highlights the need for further research to integrate mechanistic insights and optimize psychedelics as tools for both therapy and understanding human cognition.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-18", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.3390/ph18010130", "pubmed_id": "39861191", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18010130", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39861191\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 911, "title": "Transformative Therapies for Depression: Postpartum Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, and Treatment-Resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "transformative therapies for depression postpartum depression major depressive disorder and treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Richardson E, Patterson R, Meltzer-Brody S, McClure R, Tow A.", "abstract": "Depressive disorders present an enormous global public health burden. A notable treatment gap exists between the prevalence of depression and our ability to provide rapid-acting, effective treatment that achieves remission. Brexanolone and zuranolone, the first US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs for postpartum depression, signify a critical advancement in addressing the unmet needs of a vulnerable patient population. Psilocybin shows promise for treatment-resistant depression and for those who have struggled to find relief with existing treatments. This review discusses transformative therapies that represent significant advancements in postpartum depression, major depressive disorder, and treatment-resistant depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-15", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1146/annurev-med-050423-095712", "pubmed_id": "39527720", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-050423-095712", "keywords": "Humans, Depression, Postpartum, beta-Cyclodextrins, Pregnanolone, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Combinations, Female, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39527720\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4462, "title": "What are the benefits and harms of classical psychedelics (psilocybin and LSD) for treating anxiety, depression, and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases?", "normalized_title": "what are the benefits and harms of classical psychedelics psilocybin and lsd for treating anxiety depression and existential distress in people with life threatening diseases", "authors": "Amin Sharifan", "abstract": "", "journal": "Cochrane Clinical Answers", "publication_date": "2025-01-12", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/cca.4512", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cca.4512", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Distress, Anxiety, Existentialism, Depression (economics), Death anxiety, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Political science, Macroeconomics, Economics, Law, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406299512\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406299512\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4402500386\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040309053\",\"display_name\":\"Amin Sharifan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210232662\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cochrane Clinical Answers\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cca.4512\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406299512" }, { "id": 4463, "title": "Study finds encouraging results in psilocybin treatment for TRD patients", "normalized_title": "study finds encouraging results in psilocybin treatment for trd patients", "authors": "Valerie A. Canady", "abstract": "Results of new psychedelic research aimed at patients with severe treatment resistant depression (TRD) found significant decreases in their depressive symptoms. Researchers of the open-label study also found significant safety and efficacy of synthetic psilocybin in TRD patients.", "journal": "Mental Health Weekly", "publication_date": "2025-01-09", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1002/mhw.34292", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34292", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406243180\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406243180\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008734541\",\"display_name\":\"Valerie A. Canady\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1030938293\",\"source_display_name\":\"Mental Health Weekly\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34292\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Aging,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406243180" }, { "id": 862, "title": "Neurobiological mechanisms of antidepressant properties of psilocybin: A systematic review of blood biomarkers.", "normalized_title": "neurobiological mechanisms of antidepressant properties of psilocybin a systematic review of blood biomarkers", "authors": "Constantino JL, van Dalfsen JH, Massetti S, Kamphuis J, Schoevers RA.", "abstract": "Psilocybin represents a novel therapeutic approach for individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) who do not respond to conventional antidepressant treatment. Investigating the influence of psilocybin on the pathophysiological processes involved in MDD could enhance our neurobiological understanding of the presumed antidepressant action mechanism. This systematic review aims to summarize the results of human studies investigating changes in blood-based biomarkers of MDD to guide future research on potentially relevant analytes that could be monitored in clinical trials. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science to retrieve studies investigating changes in serum and plasma levels of neurotrophic, immunologic, neuroendocrine, and metabolic markers. Nine studies were included, describing findings on 15 biomarkers, exclusively in healthy participants. Studies consistently reported a decrease in interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and eosinophils, and an increase in cortisol, prolactin, oxytocin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and free fatty acids following psilocybin administration. Less consistent effects were observed on interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, and growth hormone. The results are in line with preclinical studies and provide initial support from human studies that psilocybin potentially leads to beneficial effects on biomarkers of MDD. However, given the limited number of studies, findings should be approached with caution prior to replication. Further research should include larger samples, clinical populations, longer-term assessment, rigorous experimental designs, and account for the potential confounding of psychological stress related to the psychedelic experience.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111251", "pubmed_id": "39788410", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111251", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Biomarkers, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39788410\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 760, "title": "Moderating factors in psilocybin-assisted treatment affecting mood and personality: A naturalistic, open-label investigation", "normalized_title": "moderating factors in psilocybin assisted treatment affecting mood and personality a naturalistic open label investigation", "authors": "Mona Irrmischer, Drew Puxty, Barış Onur Yıldırım, J.B. Deijen, Hessel Engelbregt", "abstract": "RATIONALE: Psychedelic-assisted therapy is increasingly applied within mental health treatment. OBJECTIVES: This study focused on factors moderating changes in the acute and long-term effects of an individual psilocybin-assisted program on depression, anxiety, PTSD and personality structures by including demographic factors, subjective experience and degree of mystical type experiences during the dosing, as well as emotional breakthrough and personal growth after the program. METHODS: At baseline, 1 week and 3 months after the psilocybin program participants completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3). In addition, after the dosing the Mystical Experiences Questionnaire (MEQ-30), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and Emotional Breakthrough Inventory (EBI) were administered. Moderation effects were established using linear mixed-model analysis. RESULTS: A single high dose of psilocybin in combination with therapy was found to lower symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD and neuroticism over a period of 3-months. Scores on openness and conscientiousness increased after the treatment only. Participants reported mystical type experiences, emotional breakthrough and personal growth. These subjective experiences together with demographic factors were moderating the observed positive changes. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that individual psilocybin-assisted therapy has the potential for beneficial effects on mood and personality characteristics. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of subjective experiences and demographic factors in moderating this effect. This study adds to the ongoing research on psilocybin-assisted therapy by investigating contributing factors for optimizing this evolving type of therapy.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2025-01-06", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-024-06733-3", "pubmed_id": "39775022", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-024-06733-3", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Mood, Neuroticism, Moderation, Psychiatry, Irritability, Mental health, Personality, Hallucinogen, Social psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406141686\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406141686\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1610612296\",\"https://openalex.org/W1923793693\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969348782\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985530497\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992663821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001298144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025084014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033442056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056972145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087484885\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093943230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098176425\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098873622\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110065044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142635246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158532959\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171603114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2302101266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2493928838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608583841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756069429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912125593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972546316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999812626\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008349045\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107917596\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162733947\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185555630\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220790925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250218096\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390186718\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085851336\",\"display_name\":\"Mona Irrmischer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3671-5035\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115799689\",\"display_name\":\"Drew Puxty\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Barış Onur Yıldırım\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013056424\",\"display_name\":\"J.B. Deijen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9864-6234\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045171386\",\"display_name\":\"Hessel Engelbregt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9896-696X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-024-06733-3\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406141686" }, { "id": 863, "title": "Clinical and preclinical evidence of psilocybin as antidepressant. A narrative review.", "normalized_title": "clinical and preclinical evidence of psilocybin as antidepressant a narrative review", "authors": "Erkizia-Santamaría I, Horrillo I, Meana JJ, Ortega JE.", "abstract": "In the rapidly growing field of psychedelic research, psilocybin (and active metabolite psilocin) has been proposed as a promising candidate in the search for novel treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders. Clinical trials have revealed that psilocybin has a large, rapid, and persistent effect in the improvement of symptoms of depression and anxiety. The safety profile is considered favourable, with low toxicity and good tolerance. Several preclinical studies have also been carried out to determine the long-term mechanism of action of this drug. In this sense, preclinical studies in naïve animals as well as in animal models of disease have shown somewhat discrepant results in conventional tests for assessment of depression- and anxiety-like phenotype in response to psilocybin, but overall suggest positive outcomes. Additionally, several valuable assays in rodent models have been developed over the years to elucidate the neurochemical correlates of serotonin 2A receptor (5HT2AR) activation in the brain, primary molecular target of psilocin. This review aims to provide a general overview of the current and most recent literature in the therapeutic potential of psilocybin through a description of clinical trials of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, and to showcase the scene in the up-to-date preclinical research. A detailed description of preclinical rodent models and experimental approaches that have been used to study the neurobiological and behavioural actions of psilocybin is provided, and potential therapeutic mechanisms of action are discussed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111249", "pubmed_id": "39778644", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111249", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Disease Models, Animal, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39778644\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 761, "title": "Psychedelic Treatments in Adolescent Psychopharmacology: Considering Safety, Ethics, and Scientific Rigor.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic treatments in adolescent psychopharmacology considering safety ethics and scientific rigor", "authors": "Sutherland I, Ho MF, Croarkin PE.", "abstract": "Interest in psychedelic therapies for adults is rapidly growing, with substances like 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine for posttraumatic stress disorder, psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression, and lysergic acid diethylamide for generalized anxiety disorder showing promise. However, research on these therapies in children and adolescents is limited, with no recent trials. Despite this lack of scientific exploration, adolescents may still experiment with these substances for both recreational and therapeutic purposes as accessibility continues to increase. This raises significant concerns, as adolescents are a vulnerable population requiring heightened caution and safety measures. Therefore, we advocate for structured, safe, and well-controlled exploration of psychedelic therapies in adolescents.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2025-01-05", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1089/cap.2024.0082", "pubmed_id": "39761065", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2024.0082", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychopharmacology, Adolescent, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39761065\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Pharmacology,Adolescents,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3201, "title": "Perturbing whole-brain models of brain hierarchy: an application for depression following pharmacological treatment", "normalized_title": "perturbing whole brain models of brain hierarchy an application for depression following pharmacological treatment", "authors": "Socoró Garrigosa M, Sanz Perl Y, Kringelbach ML, Carhart-Harris R, Vohryzek J, Deco G.", "abstract": "Neural representation can extend beyond localised activity to encompass global patterns, where information is distributed across brain networks in a hierarchical manner. Recent research suggests that the hierarchy of causal influences shaping these patterns can serve as a signature of distinct brain states, with implications for neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we first delve into how whole-brain models, guided by the Thermodynamics of Mind framework, can estimate the brain hierarchy of specific brain states, and how perturbations of such models can study the in-silico transitions to other states represented by static functional connectivity. We then show an application for major depressive disorder, where different brain hierarchical reconfigurations have been found following psilocybin and escitalopram treatments. We build whole-brain models of depressed patients before and after psilocybin and escitalopram interventions, and we carry a dynamic sensitivity analysis to explore the susceptibility of brain states and their drivability to healthier states. We show that susceptibility is on average reduced by escitalopram and increased by psilocybin, and that both treatments succeed in promoting healthier transitions. These results align with the post-treatment window of plasticity opened by serotonergic psychedelics, as well as with the similar clinical efficacy of both drugs observed in clinical trials. Graphical Abstract We apply whole-brain models of brain hierarchy based on the Thermodynamics of Mind framework to investigate state transitions in depression. Dynamic sensitivity analysis explores how psilocybin and escitalopram affect susceptibility and drivability to healthier states. Results show that psilocybin increases susceptibility, while escitalopram reduces it, with both enabling optimal transitions. This pipeline demonstrates the promise of in-silico approaches to inform neurostimulation protocols, potentially enhancing or complementing antidepressant therapies.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "publication_year": 2025, "doi": "10.1101/2025.01.01.631011", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.01.631011", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR962216\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4488, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Trauma-Related Disorders: A Scoping Review of a Depression-Dominated Evidence Base with Implications for Intimate Partner Violence-Related PTSD", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for trauma related disorders a scoping review of a depression dominated evidence base with implications for intimate partner violence related ptsd", "authors": "Hancock, Mackenzie, Shambhu Prasad Adhikari, Getz, Nicole", "abstract": "This scoping review examines the emerging evidence for psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAP) in treating trauma-related disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS), with specific implications for intimate partner violence (IPV)-related brain injury and PTSD. Guided by PRISMA-ScR methodology, we systematically searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and grey literature from 2015-2025 to map existing research, identify gaps, and inform the design of future clinical trials of PaT for IPV survivors.", "journal": "Open Science Framework", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.17605/osf.io/ar2s4", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/ar2s4", "keywords": "Domestic violence, Posttraumatic stress, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Poison control, Human factors and ergonomics, Medicine, Grey literature, Systematic review, Intimate partner, Suicide prevention, Clinical trial, Injury prevention, MEDLINE, Mental health, Occupational safety and health, DSM-5, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychological intervention, Evidence-based practice, Family therapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7106330185\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7106330185\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Hancock, Mackenzie\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Shambhu Prasad Adhikari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Getz, Nicole\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407050956\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open Science Framework\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/ar2s4\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7106330185" }, { "id": 4484, "title": "Alternative therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders using psilocybin", "normalized_title": "alternative therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders using psilocybin", "authors": "Henrique Tofoli Vieira Machado, GEOVANA MENDES DE SEIXAS, L. Silva, Mariana Duarte Garcia Brito, Gabriella Assink de Castro", "abstract": "Introduction: In recent years, psilocybin has been explored as an alternative therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance dependence. Studies suggest that when administered under professional supervision, psilocybin can offer relief for patients with treatment-resistant disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in treating difficult-to-treat conditions, including treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, anxiety, and substance dependence. Methods: A systematic review of clinical and experimental studies published in the past 5 years was conducted. The research was based on databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO, prioritizing studies on psilocybin in psychiatric disorder treatment. Randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and case studies were reviewed. Results: Studies showed that psilocybin positively affected patients with treatment-resistant depression, improving symptoms significantly with just a few doses. In patients with anxiety and PTSD, psilocybin reduced symptom intensity and improved emotional well-being. It also showed efficacy in reducing addictions such as alcohol and nicotine, offering new perspectives on addiction. The mechanisms of action suggest that psilocybin enhances brain connectivity, aiding in trauma reprocessing and restructuring negative thought patterns. Conclusion: Psilocybin is a promising alternative therapy for hard-to-treat disorders, including treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, and substance dependence. Administered under professional supervision, it offers benefits and a favorable safety profile. However, more research is required to understand its mechanisms, effects, and risks.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.5327/1516-3180.cpn.1123", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.cpn.1123", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Medicine, Anxiety, Addiction, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Substance use, Clinical psychology, Relapse prevention, Exposure therapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417514861\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417514861\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068591211\",\"display_name\":\"Henrique Tofoli Vieira Machado\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0332-9071\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008778192\",\"display_name\":\"GEOVANA MENDES DE SEIXAS\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062744880\",\"display_name\":\"L. Silva\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3411-2484\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039308215\",\"display_name\":\"Mariana Duarte Garcia Brito\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113236876\",\"display_name\":\"Gabriella Assink de Castro\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.cpn.1123\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417514861" }, { "id": 4482, "title": "Attitudes Towards Psilocybin: A General Population’s Opinions on Psilocybin and Psilocybin-Assisted Therapies", "normalized_title": "attitudes towards psilocybin a general population s opinions on psilocybin and psilocybin assisted therapies", "authors": "Madison M. H. Simounet, Joy Drinnon", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted therapies (PAT) have been used to treat several issues including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), smoking addiction, and anxiety (Grob et al., 2011; Johnson et al., 2014; Kisely et a., 2022; Moreno et al., 2006). If more positive benefits of psilocybin are discovered, psilocybin could become a more mainstream treatment option. Due to this possibility, it is important to understand people’s beliefs about psilocybin and PAT. This descriptive study was conducted to understand the relationship between demographic characteristics and attitudes toward psilocybin and PAT. An anonymous Qualtrics survey was utilized to collect responses from 235 participants. Participants responded to questions regarding demographics, knowledge of psilocybin, previous experience with psychedelics, and attitudes toward PAT. Overall, attitudes towards PAT were relatively positive, but there were some notable differences among groups. Those with more positive attitudes were more likely to be men, democrats, and atheists. However, these differences may be related to sampling sources (e.g., Amazon’s Mechanical Turk). Furthermore, participants with prior knowledge of psilocybin and previous experience with psychedelics had more positive attitudes toward PAT. These findings provide relevant information on what groups may be more open to PAT.", "journal": "Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.24839/2325-7342.jn30.4.345", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.24839/2325-7342.jn30.4.345", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Mainstream, Psychiatry, Posttraumatic stress, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Depressive symptoms, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414907947\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414907947\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119881694\",\"display_name\":\"Madison M. H. Simounet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004097292\",\"display_name\":\"Joy Drinnon\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0272-147X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764435430\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.24839/2325-7342.jn30.4.345\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414907947" }, { "id": 4475, "title": "Effects of escitalopram and psilocybin therapy on mesolimbic resting-state functional connectivity in depression", "normalized_title": "effects of escitalopram and psilocybin therapy on mesolimbic resting state functional connectivity in depression", "authors": "Rebecca Harding, Natalie Ertl, Rabia Zafar, Magnus Wall, Rajkanya Das, David Erritzøe, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105421", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105421", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Functional connectivity, Depression (economics), Psychology, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Resting state fMRI, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Hippocampus, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health Research Topics, Biofield Effects and Biophysics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408526135\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408526135\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110297305\",\"display_name\":\"Rebecca Harding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2701-6930\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004040027\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Ertl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-1870\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081484066\",\"display_name\":\"Rabia Zafar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3515-7441\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109938758\",\"display_name\":\"Magnus Wall\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110486366\",\"display_name\":\"Rajkanya Das\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3650-1847\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105421\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408526135" }, { "id": 4471, "title": "Therapieresistente Depression: Studie zur Psilocybin-augmentierten Psychotherapie nicht erfolgreich", "normalized_title": "therapieresistente depression studie zur psilocybin augmentierten psychotherapie nicht erfolgreich", "authors": "Friederike Klein", "abstract": "", "journal": "InFo Neurologie + Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s15005-024-4209-z", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s15005-024-4209-z", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406591022\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406591022\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115938371\",\"display_name\":\"Friederike Klein\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210222746\",\"source_display_name\":\"InFo Neurologie + Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15005-024-4209-z\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406591022" }, { "id": 3687, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease: a Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for depression and anxiety in parkinson s disease a pilot study", "authors": "Joshua Woolley, MD, PhD", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to determine the safety, tolerability, and feasibility of psilocybin therapy for depression and anxiety in people with Parkinson's disease. This is an open-label single-arm pilot study of oral psilocybin therapy for depression and anxiety in people with Parkinson's Disease (PD). The primary goal is to examine safety, tolerability, and feasibility of the intervention in this patient population. We will enroll people ages 40 to 75 with clinically diagnosed early stage Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr Stage 1-3 during an \"off\" period), who meet DSM-5 criteria for a depressive or anxious disorder and meet all other inclusion and exclusion criteria at screening. After baseline assessments, participants will complete preparation sessions designed to provide information about the psilocybin experience and to build rapport/trust with the study team. Next, participants will complete a first psilocybin administration session, receiving a low-moderate dose of 10 mg oral psilocybin in a supervised setting with safety monitoring by a physician. Participants who do not experience significant adverse events during or following the session will complete a second psilocybin administration session approximately two weeks later. During the second psilocybin administration session, participants will receive a moderate-high dose of 25 mg oral. The second session will involve the same procedures and level of monitoring as the first. Participants will subsequently complete multiple follow-up sessions designed to assess PD and psychiatric symptoms as well as to provide support as they process their psilocybin experiences. Follow-up will continue to 3 months after the second psilocybin administration session. Primary endpoints will assess safety, tolerability, and feasibility of study procedures. Exploratory efficacy endpoints will assess changes in depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and related measures of function.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04932434", "keywords": "Parkinson Disease, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin therapy, 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04932434\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 906, "title": "Compass Psychological Support Model for COMP360 Psilocybin Treatment of Serious Mental Health Conditions", "normalized_title": "compass psychological support model for comp360 psilocybin treatment of serious mental health conditions", "authors": "Namik Kirlić, Molly Lennard-Jones, Merve Atli, Ekaterina Malievskaia, Nadav Liam Modlin, Stéphanie Knatz Peck, Alice Gaillard, Guy M. Goodwin, Don Koelpin", "abstract": "The psychedelic experience can be challenging. There is a need for a structured framework for providing psychological support to individuals with mental health conditions receiving investigational psilocybin treatment. The primary benefit of such a framework is to support a safe and meaningful psilocybin experience. It also enables future research on the facets of psychological support and/or psychotherapy that most optimally complement psilocybin treatment. The authors describe the Compass Psychological Support Model (CPSM), currently used to support participants with treatment-resistant depression in Compass-sponsored clinical trials of investigational COMP360 psilocybin treatment. The authors also outline the therapist training, mentoring, and fidelity assessment programs they have developed to ensure the quality and consistency of the CPSM delivery.", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230884", "pubmed_id": "39741434", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230884", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental health, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Compass, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Geography, Cartography, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405978092\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":27,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1930358622\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989747464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005098924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018631585\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124553793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127603512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135176444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152160545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2297304494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2525190545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2755352892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921747713\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118672806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220956513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250647220\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281666404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289745468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366490758\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078220787\",\"display_name\":\"Namik Kirlić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-8774\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033335673\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Lennard-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037169539\",\"display_name\":\"Nadav Liam Modlin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011897192\",\"display_name\":\"Stéphanie Knatz Peck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9158\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Alice Gaillard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115738022\",\"display_name\":\"Don Koelpin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230884\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405978092" }, { "id": 904, "title": "Psilocybin: From Psychiatric Pariah to Perceived Panacea.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin from psychiatric pariah to perceived panacea", "authors": "Fonzo GA, Wolfgang AS, Barksdale BR, Krystal JH, Carpenter LL, Kraguljac NV, Grzenda A, McDonald WM, Widge AS, Rodriguez CI, Nemeroff CB.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThe authors critically examine the evidence base for psilocybin administered with psychological support/therapy (PST) in the treatment of psychiatric disorders and offer practical recommendations to guide future research endeavors.MethodsPubMed was searched for English-language articles from January 1998 to November 2023, using the search term \"psilocybin.\" A total of 1,449 articles were identified and screened through titles and abstracts. Of these, 21 unique open-label or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified that examine psilocybin for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (N=2), anxiety/depression associated with a cancer diagnosis (N=5), major depressive disorder (MDD; N=8), substance use disorders (N=4), anorexia (N=1), and demoralization (i.e., hopelessness, helplessness, and poor coping) in AIDS survivors (N=1).ResultsThe most developed evidence base is for the treatment of MDD (three double-blind RCTs with positive signals spanning a range of severities). However, the evidence is tempered by threats to internal and external validity, including unsuccessful blinding, small samples, large variability in dosing and PST procedures, limited sample diversity, and possibly large expectancy effects. Knowledge of mechanisms of action and predictors of response is currently limited.ConclusionsThe evidence is currently insufficient to recommend psilocybin with PST as a psychiatric treatment. Additional rigorously designed clinical trials are needed to definitively establish efficacy in larger and more diverse samples, address dosing considerations, improve blinding, and provide information on mechanisms of action and moderators of clinical response. Head-to-head comparisons with other evidence-based treatments will better inform the potential future role of psilocybin with PST in the treatment of major psychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230682", "pubmed_id": "39741437", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230682", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39741437\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 903, "title": "Benefits and Challenges of Ultra-Fast, Short-Acting Psychedelics in the Treatment of Depression.", "normalized_title": "benefits and challenges of ultra fast short acting psychedelics in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Ramaekers JG, Reckweg JT, Mason NL.", "abstract": "Unlike classical antidepressants, psychedelics such as psilocybin have been shown to induce a rapid antidepressant response. In the wake of this development, interest has emerged in ultra-fast, short-acting psychedelics such as 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) with the expectation that these can produce rapid antidepressant effects following an intense but brief psychedelic intervention. The current paper reviews the clinical pharmacology of 5-MeO-DMT and DMT and their potential benefits and challenges in the treatment of depression. Both compounds display affinities for a variety of monoamine receptors and transporters, but mostly so for serotonergic (5HT) receptors, including 5HT1A and 5HT2A. Early clinical trials in small samples have shown that short interventions (15-30 min) with 5-MeO-DMT and DMT are safe and well tolerated and can induce marked improvement in symptoms of depression within 24 hours that sustain for at least 1 week. Data on long-term efficacy are currently scarce but do suggest a prolongation of the treatment response. Potential benefits of these treatments include flexible, single day dosing regimens, achievement of treatment efficacy independent from integrative therapy, and ease of clinical implementation. Future challenges include establishing the duration of the antidepressant effect and strategies on how to sustain the antidepressant response, optimization of treatment delivery parameters, and a mechanistic understanding of the clinical response. Acceptance of ultra-fast, short-acting psychedelics will depend on future randomized, placebo-controlled trials with a focus on replication, duration and maintenance of antidepressant efficacy in large patient samples.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230890", "pubmed_id": "39741439", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230890", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Methoxydimethyltryptamines, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39741439\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 902, "title": "Single-Dose Psilocybin for Depression With Severe Treatment Resistance: An Open-Label Trial", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for depression with severe treatment resistance an open label trial", "authors": "Scott T. Aaronson, Andrew van der Vaart, Tammy Miller, Jeffrey LaPratt, Kimberly Swartz, Audrey Shoultz, Margo Lauterbach, Trisha Suppes, Harold A. Sackeïm", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Depression varies along a difficulty-to-treat spectrum. Patients whose illness fails to respond to at least five treatments may be considered to have severely treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The objective of this study was to document the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in patients with severe TRD. METHODS: This was a 12-week, open-label trial conducted at Sheppard Pratt Hospital. Participants were 18-65 years of age, in a major depressive episode with documented insufficient benefit from at least five treatments during the current episode. A single dose of synthetic psilocybin (25 mg) was administered. Psychotropic medications were discontinued at least 2 weeks prior to dosing through at least 3 weeks post-dosing. Therapists met with patients for three sessions during pretreatment, during the 8-hour dosing day, and for three integration sessions posttreatment. The primary outcome measure was change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating scale (MADRS) at 3 weeks posttreatment. Secondary measures including MADRS scores up to 12 weeks posttreatment, and subject-rated scales capturing depression and level of function were completed at baseline and all subsequent visits. RESULTS: Twelve participants (six male, six female; mean age=40.6 years [SD=9.6]) with severe TRD were followed over the study period. Depressive symptoms were significantly decreased at week 3 (MADRS least-squares mean change=-15.8, 95% CI=-25.4 to -6.3) and Week 12 (MADRS least-squares mean change=-17.2, 95% CI=-25.2 to -9.1). In exploratory analyses, the Oceanic Boundlessness (OB) dimension of the psychedelic experience correlated with post-dosing antidepressant responses. Patients with comorbid PTSD (N=5) showed significantly less antidepressant effect of psilocybin. CONCLUSIONS: This open-label study suggests efficacy and safety of psilocybin in severe TRD and supports further study of psychedelics in this population, including consideration of PTSD interaction effects.", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20231063", "pubmed_id": "39741440", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20231063", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Depression (economics), Open label, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Internal medicine, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":30,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W57359236\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978161441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111663098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169211107\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2599051175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796957480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935372078\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033291488\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231622706\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026620795\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew van der Vaart\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110607035\",\"display_name\":\"Tammy Miller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093433058\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey LaPratt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083104068\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Swartz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054892136\",\"display_name\":\"Audrey Shoultz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032946050\",\"display_name\":\"Margo Lauterbach\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036510139\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4560-6180\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021365968\",\"display_name\":\"Harold A. Sackeïm\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-4553\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20231063\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405955624" }, { "id": 901, "title": "Research and Implementation of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Veterans Health Administration.", "normalized_title": "research and implementation of psychedelic assisted therapy in the veterans health administration", "authors": "Wolfgang AS, McClair VL, Schnurr PP, Holtzheimer PE, Woolley JD, Stauffer CS, Wolf RC, States LJ, Benedek DM, Capaldi VF, Bradley J, Fuller MA, Smyth MJ, Hermes EDA, Tenhula W, Wiechers IR", "abstract": "", "journal": "The American journal of psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20240751", "pubmed_id": "39741441", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39741441/", "keywords": "Depression, MDMA, PTSD, Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Veterans", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"39741441\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Veterans", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 900, "title": "Multidimensional Personality Changes Following Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: Results From a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "multidimensional personality changes following psilocybin assisted therapy in patients with alcohol use disorder results from a double blind placebo controlled clinical trial", "authors": "Broc A. Pagni, Richard J. Zeifman, Sarah E. Mennenga, Brennan M. Carrithers, Noam Goldway, Snehal Bhatt, Kelley C. O’Donnell, Stephen Ross, Michael P. Bogenschutz", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) leads to durable shifts in personality structure. However, such changes have yet to be characterized in disorders of addiction. In this secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial, the authors examined the effect of PAT on personality dimensions in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), hypothesizing that PAT would attenuate personality abnormalities in AUD and that reductions in trait impulsiveness would be associated with lower drinking. METHODS: Eighty-four adults with AUD were randomized to two medication sessions of either psilocybin (N=44) or active placebo (diphenhydramine; N=40), received 12 weekly psychotherapy sessions, and completed follow-up for an additional 24 weeks. Changes in personality traits (week 36 vs. baseline) were assessed with the revised NEO Personality Inventory; daily alcohol consumption was quantified using the timeline followback. RESULTS: Relative to the placebo group, the psilocybin group showed significant reductions in neuroticism and increases in extraversion and openness. Secondary analyses showed that reductions in neuroticism were driven by decreases in the facets depression, impulsiveness, and vulnerability; increases in openness were driven by increases in the facets openness toward feelings and fantasy. Across all participants, decreases in impulsiveness were associated with lower posttreatment alcohol consumption, and an exploratory analysis revealed that these associations were strongest among psilocybin-treated participants who continued moderate- or high-risk drinking prior to the first medication session. CONCLUSIONS: PAT elicited durable shifts in personality, suggesting normalization of abnormal personality trait expression in AUD. Further study is needed to clarify whether PAT exerts its beneficial effects by reducing impulsiveness or whether impulsive individuals inherently respond better to PAT.", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230887", "pubmed_id": "39741446", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230887", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Placebo, Alcohol use disorder, Personality, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Personality disorders, Alcohol dependence, Randomized controlled trial, Addiction, Trait, Alcohol, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Alternative medicine, Chemistry, Pathology, Biochemistry, Programming language, Social psychology, Computer science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405955644\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":21,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W655349596\",\"https://openalex.org/W1494270537\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967802941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023741295\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029087690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043185143\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045883408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050111921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052457671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056861749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058301890\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061577872\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066266046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073524171\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110065044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136236048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143060888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159375941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170041614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473482891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2480710602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513173335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2550963195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2568037688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592284024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2606286005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789944707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790959730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921551456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2925851520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964151936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2986870760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2986989334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996270584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3024994975\",\"https://openalex.org/W3044516305\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107630502\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109765150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117338048\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155431951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212419057\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216348943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243504487\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297998585\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307167512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307554429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308040950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308449502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318920879\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379093876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380684709\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385978292\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066934485\",\"display_name\":\"Broc A. Pagni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9496-7604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000949886\",\"display_name\":\"Richard J. Zeifman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-4483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5095894414\",\"display_name\":\"Brennan M. Carrithers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091191033\",\"display_name\":\"Noam Goldway\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8816-5667\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069591665\",\"display_name\":\"Snehal Bhatt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0004-7987\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042151214\",\"display_name\":\"Kelley C. O’Donnell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9983-2699\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230887\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Personality Change,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405955644" }, { "id": 899, "title": "Exploring Psychedelics Pharmacology: A Scoping Review Charting the Course of Psilocybin Pharmacokinetics.", "normalized_title": "exploring psychedelics pharmacology a scoping review charting the course of psilocybin pharmacokinetics", "authors": "Manzano-Nunez R, Gomez DA, Toledo-Mendoza C, Perez-Otero M, Matilla IL, Prats C, Perez-Lopez E, Pardo H, Díaz-Pellicer P, De La Torre-Fornell R, Aldea AM.", "abstract": "ObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to synthesize the existing data about psilocybin pharmacokinetics to learn what has been described regarding body disposition and safety when psilocybin was used in controlled research settings.MethodsWe performed a scoping literature review following the framework proposed by the JBI manual for evidence synthesis. Controlled clinical trials reporting pharmacokinetic data of psilocybin were considered appropriate for inclusion. We extracted the data on psilocybin pharmacokinetics and summarized it from the available literature on this topic. We also performed an exploratory-descriptive analysis using study level data to examine the relationship between dose of psilocybin and maximum serum concentrations (Cmax).ResultsWe initially identified 850 articles, of which 5 were included. These trials included 112 healthy volunteers who received psilocybin in a controlled clinical setting. The peak concentration of psilocin in plasma (Cmax) ranged from 8.2 ng/mL to 37.2 ng/mL (median = 17, IQR = 11.9 to 23.5). The maximal concentrations (Cmax) of psilocin were reached (Tmax) around 2 hours, ranging from 1.7 hours to 2.2 hours (median = 2, IQR = 1.9 to 2.1) after psilocybin oral administration. Elimination half-life was between 1.2 hours and 3.3 hours (median = 2.0, IQR = 1.6 to 2.8). A strong positive relationship between dose and Cmax ( R2 = 0.95) was found. No serious adverse events were observed. We did not find studies reporting pharmacokinetic data from patients with depression or cancer patients transitioning to palliative care.ConclusionsIn summary, this review unveils oral psilocybin pharmacokinetics in healthy adults, revealing gaps in its application to target populations like those with depression or in palliative care.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1097/wnf.0000000000000617", "pubmed_id": "39787428", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/wnf.0000000000000617", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39787428\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 898, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Group Psychotherapy + Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) for Frontline Healthcare Provider COVID-19 Related Depression and Burnout: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group psychotherapy mindfulness based stress reduction mbsr for frontline healthcare provider covid 19 related depression and burnout a randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Lewis BR, Hendrick J, Byrne K, Odette M, Wu C, Garland EL.", "abstract": "Objective This clinical trial sought to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin and MBSR for frontline healthcare providers with symptoms of depression and burnout related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial that enrolled physicians and nurses with frontline clinical work during the COVID-19 pandemic and symptoms of depression and burnout. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either an 8-week MBSR curriculum alone or an 8-week MBSR curriculum plus group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) with 25mg psilocybin. Symptoms of depression and burnout were assessed at baseline, and 2-weeks and 6-months post intervention utilizing the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR-16) and Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Professionals (MBI-HSS-MP), respectively. Secondary outcome measures included the Demoralization Scale (DS-II) and the Watt’s Connectedness Scale (WCS). Adverse events and suicidality were assessed through 6-month follow-up. Results 25 participants were enrolled and randomized. There were 12 study-related AEs recorded that were Grade 1-2 and no serious AEs. There was larger decrease in QIDS score for the MBSR+PAP arm compared to MBSR-only from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and significant between-group differences favoring MBSR+PAP on subscales of the MBI-HSS-MP as well as the DS-II and WCS. Conclusions Group psilocybin-assisted therapy plus MBSR was associated with clinically significant improvement in depressive symptoms without serious adverse events and with greater reduction in symptoms than MBSR alone. Study findings suggest that integrating psilocybin with mindfulness training may represent a promising treatment for depression and burnout among physicians and nurses.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.12.31.24319806", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.31.24319806", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR961100\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 882, "title": "Psychedelics for the treatment of end-of-life distress in patients with a life-threatening disease.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for the treatment of end of life distress in patients with a life threatening disease", "authors": "Tap S, Bostoen T, Breeksema J, Schoevers R", "abstract": "Patients with a life-threatening disease (LTD) sometimes suffer from end-of-life distress (EOLD) which refers to the physical, psychological, emotional, and spiritual suffering related to chronic illness and the possibility of death. Palliative care interventions seek to improve the quality of life of patients with EOLD and their significant others. Currently, a range of psychological and pharmacological palliative care interventions may be used to mitigate the various symptoms related to EOLD. However, the evidence for their efficacy is inconclusive with only short- to moderate effects. Another significant and relevant limitation in the context of LTDs is that palliative care interventions often require months to take effect. In the past decade, psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) has been increasingly investigated for its therapeutic potential in addressing EOLD in various LTDs characterized by highly significant and sometimes sustained decreases in symptoms of depression and (death) anxiety along with other EOLD-related improvements (e.g., meaning, spiritual well-being, optimism, life satisfaction, and change attitudes towards LTDs). The current chapter will provide a detailed description of the concept of EOLD followed by estimated prevalence rates in a range of LTDs. Next, the chapter provides a brief overview of palliative interventions and their limitations. The chapter then introduces a description of PAT, its evidence-base, and why it seems to work in particular for patients with EOLD. The chapter is concluded with future perspectives.", "journal": "International review of neurobiology", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2025.03.001", "pubmed_id": "40541316", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40541316/", "keywords": "Demoralization, End-of-life distress, Existential distress, LSD, Life-threatening disease, Palliative care, Psilocybin, Psychedelic-assisted therapy, Psychological distress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40541316\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Spirituality", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 864, "title": "Early psilocybin intervention alleviates behavioral despair and cognitive impairment in stressed Wistar rats", "normalized_title": "early psilocybin intervention alleviates behavioral despair and cognitive impairment in stressed wistar rats", "authors": "Zitong Wang, Brett Robbins, Ryan Zhuang, Thaísa Meira Sandini, Rebekah van Bruggen, Xin-Min Li, Yanbo Zhang", "abstract": "Chronic stress exerts profound effects on mental health, contributing to disorders such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. This study examines the potential of psilocybin to alleviate behavioral despair and cognitive deficits in a rodent model of chronic stress, focusing on the interplay between the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and the Endocannabinoid System (ECS). Twenty-two male Wistar rats were divided into control and stress groups. Animals within the stress group were exposed to predator odor and chronic social instability to induce chronic stress, and were either sham treated, or given psilocybin. Behavioral assessments were conducted using the Open Field Test, Sucrose Preference Test, Novel Object Recognition, Elevated Plus Maze, and Forced Swimming Test to evaluate locomotion, anhedonia, memory, anxiety, and behavioral despair, respectively. Blood and brain samples were analyzed for biochemical markers. Results indicated that psilocybin significantly reduced stress-induced behavioral despair and cognitive impairments, likely through ECS-mediated downregulation of the HPA axis. These findings suggest that early intervention with psilocybin has sustained beneficial effects on stress-related behavioral and cognitive disturbances, underscoring its potential as a novel therapeutic approach for stress-related mental health disorders. • Early psilocybin intervention significantly ameliorates chronic stress-induced behavioral changes. • Early psilocybin intervention downregulates stress-induced HPA-axis hyperactivity. • Early psilocybin intervention restores BDNF levels and enhanced activation of BDNF-mTOR signaling in the mediation of TrkB. • Early psilocybin intervention dampens the stress-induced ECS dysregulation.", "journal": "Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111243", "pubmed_id": "39756636", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111243", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Intervention (counseling), Psychology, Cognitive impairment, Cognition, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": 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Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3564-5223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103075741\",\"display_name\":\"Brett Robbins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0540-7751\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Ryan Zhuang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028136846\",\"display_name\":\"Thaísa Meira Sandini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7095-4243\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004119835\",\"display_name\":\"Rebekah van Bruggen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1487-1918\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100678721\",\"display_name\":\"Xin-Min Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8546-8590\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100732244\",\"display_name\":\"Yanbo Zhang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-157X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S142279999\",\"source_display_name\":\"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111243\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406062303" }, { "id": 786, "title": "Characteristics and mental health of psychedelic mushroom and multi-psychedelic users relative to non-psychedelic users in American adults, 2020-2021.", "normalized_title": "characteristics and mental health of psychedelic mushroom and multi psychedelic users relative to non psychedelic users in american adults 2020 2021", "authors": "Abramsky-Sze S, Marseille E, Matzopoulos R, Morlock R, Lerer L", "abstract": "Few population-based studies have examined associations between psychedelic use and mental health outcomes. This work describes characteristics of exclusive psychedelic mushroom use (referred to as PM use), PMs in combination with other psychedelic substances (multi-psychedelic or MP) use, and non-psychedelic use and explores mental health ratings in non-clinical settings. This work uses cross-sectional survey data from American adults collected by Acumen Health Research Institute, including demographic characteristics, general health-related quality of life (Veterans RAND derived mental and physical health composite scores), depression (PHQ9-item), anxiety (GAD7-item), comorbid conditions (CCI), health resource utilization, and perceptions, knowledge, and use of psychedelics. Multivariate and descriptive statistics were used to describe participant characteristics. Correlation analysis assessed anxiety and depression scores across groups. Mean anxiety and depression scores were compared using ANOVA and Tukey's HSD. A multivariate linear regression model controlling for past-year depression, past-year anxiety, age, region, ethnicity, sex, educational attainment, employment, and psychedelic use predicted mental health composite scores (MCS). Of the 6,869 participants included in the dataset, 256 (3.7%) reported using psychedelics in the last 12 months. Of those using psychedelics, 122 (47.7%) reported PM use and 134 (52.3%) reported MP use. All psychedelic users reported lower MCS and higher levels of anxiety and depression relative to non-users (those who said they had not used psychedelics in the past year). The lowest mental health scores were reported in the MP users followed by the PM users (higher MCS corresponded to better mental health). When controlling for confounding characteristics including past-year anxiety and depression, disparities in mental health scores persisted between those with any psychedelic use and the non-psychedelic group (p This paper extends previous work describing the association between psychedelic use and mental health, controlling for confounding mental health factors such as comorbid anxiety and depression. These results suggest psychedelic users may have poorer mental health than their non-using counterparts in certain contexts and emphasize the need for future research in this field. Both non-adjusted and adjusted analyses demonstrate lower mental health scores for PM and MP users relative to non-psychedelic users. These differential effects highlight the need for further detailed, population-based research on the use of exclusive psilocybin and on psychedelics in combination.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1508811", "pubmed_id": "40109441", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40109441/", "keywords": "anxiety, depression, mental health, psilocybin, psychedelic mushroom, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40109441\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Observational Study,Veterans", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 646, "title": "PolDrugs 2025: results of the third edition of the nationwide study on psychoactive substance use in the context of psychiatry and harm reduction.", "normalized_title": "poldrugs 2025 results of the third edition of the nationwide study on psychoactive substance use in the context of psychiatry and harm reduction", "authors": "Marek J, Domek-Gumprecht M, Macionga A, Szafoni S, Więckiewicz G", "abstract": "PolDrugs is a biennial epidemiological study aimed at analyzing patterns of mostly illicit psychoactive substance use in Poland in the context of psychiatry and harm reduction. This survey was held for the third time, and its results were compared to the last two editions. The survey was conducted as an online survey with 37 closed-ended single-choice questions and 3 multiple-choice questions. Respondents were recruited through outreach on social media platforms, primarily Facebook and Instagram, in drug-related groups. Recruitment efforts were supported by activists and advocacy groups who promoted the questionnaire through their own social media networks. The sample consisted of 2,447 people between the ages of 13 and 63 years. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics only. The study population (mean age 27 years) was predominantly male and urban. Marijuana was the most common substance used after alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine, though overall consumption was infrequent (35.6% reporting use once every few months or less) and mainly occurred in social settings (50.2%) or at home (52.3%). Notably, 83.6% never tested substance composition, and 51.4% relied on visual estimation for dosing. Sixty percent had neglected daily responsibilities, while 16.8% faced legal issues. Although 70.7% had not sought medical help, nearly half had seen a psychiatrist (primarily for depression), with 41.1% of these having attempted suicide and 70.5% using illicit substances before their initial consultation. Only 40% consistently disclosed their substance use to a physician. Stimulant use and subsequent medical consultations-particularly for mephedrone derivatives-are rising warranting further investigation. The proportion of respondents who use psychoactive substances alone is increasing, now exceeding 25%. Psychedelic use is declining possibly due to reduced mainstream media attention. The observation also shows a growing acceptance of psychiatric care in Polish society.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591658", "pubmed_id": "40656049", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40656049/", "keywords": "DMT, MDMA, PolDrugs, drugs, marijuana, psilocybin, psychiatry, psychoactive substances", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:35", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40656049\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 597, "title": "Psychedelic Treatment with Psilocybin: Addressing Medical Malpractice Risk and Physicians’ Concerns", "normalized_title": "psychedelic treatment with psilocybin addressing medical malpractice risk and physicians concerns", "authors": "Katherine Cheung, Maxwell Brodie, Sue-Ling Chang, P. Deschamps, Jean-Sébastien Fallu, Houman Farzin, Johanne Hébert, Jean-François Stephan, Michel Dorval, Yann Joly, for the P3A Study Group", "abstract": "Psychedelic treatment with psilocybin is receiving increased attention following clinical trials showing it may help treat end-of-life anxiety, depression, and several other conditions. Despite this, physicians may be reluctant to prescribe psilocybin and carry out psilocybin treatment because of the stigma surrounding psychedelics and the potential for medical malpractice liability. This paper explores whether psilocybin treatment gives rise to a risk of medical malpractice liability for physicians. Following an overview of psilocybin treatment and its regulatory regime in Canada, exploratory vignettes are used to highlight the relevance and limits of malpractice claims. This paper argues that the lack of established medical standards, standardized training, and credentialing contribute to liability risks surrounding psilocybin treatment. More clinical trials, meta-studies of research analyses, and knowledge sharing will help to develop training programs and medical standards of practice to better realize psilocybin's potential.", "journal": "The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1017/jme.2025.10109", "pubmed_id": "40739983", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.10109", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medical malpractice, Liability, Psychiatry, Psychology, Malpractice, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Political science, Law, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412810429\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4412810429\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W114929610\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106188235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114277899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145673018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152959326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412515498\",\"https://openalex.org/W2512668841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2989680519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998157771\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039625792\",\"https://openalex.org/W3099585958\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149986569\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157058636\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204230901\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223893856\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226172056\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230000135\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232838523\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289745468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291227674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312084004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313201591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313441617\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322757924\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361248485\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399323719\",\"https://openalex.org/W6715183095\",\"https://openalex.org/W6802639978\",\"https://openalex.org/W6810682564\",\"https://openalex.org/W6841045541\",\"https://openalex.org/W6847791157\",\"https://openalex.org/W6850240496\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102839143\",\"display_name\":\"Katherine Cheung\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3529-4109\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Maxwell Brodie\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045951431\",\"display_name\":\"Sue-Ling Chang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087948982\",\"display_name\":\"P. Deschamps\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8862-9046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053736941\",\"display_name\":\"Jean-Sébastien Fallu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-1335\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040374734\",\"display_name\":\"Houman Farzin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4095-3596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052738130\",\"display_name\":\"Johanne Hébert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-9246\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027250223\",\"display_name\":\"Jean-François Stephan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7376-208X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068576397\",\"display_name\":\"Michel Dorval\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3207-8211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018546125\",\"display_name\":\"Yann Joly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-2322\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"for the P3A Study Group\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S171945920\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.10109\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4412810429" }, { "id": 471, "title": "Home-based psilocybin-assisted therapy for a patient with advanced cancer: A case report", "normalized_title": "home based psilocybin assisted therapy for a patient with advanced cancer a case report", "authors": "Houman Farzin, Benjamin Koren, Helen Ferrier, Justin J. Sanders, Nicolas Garel", "abstract": "OBJECTIVES: Psychospiritual distress affects many patients with cancer, contributing to diminished quality of life, decreased survival and a desire for hastened death. The current standard of care, which primarily consists of antidepressants and psychotherapy, has demonstrated only modest benefits. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has shown evidence of rapid, durable, and significant effects on measures of both depression and anxiety in this patient population. METHODS: A51-year-old man diagnosed with metastatic lung cancer, referred to palliative care (PC) with a prognosis of less than 6 months, experienced depression and anxiety in the context of demoralization and existential distress. His suffering persisted despite psychotherapy and treatment with 100 mg of sertraline. He was granted access to PAT through Health Canada's Special Access Program (SAP) and was treated with 25 mg of oral psilocybin in a homecare setting, with preparative and integrative therapy prior to and following the PAT session. RESULTS: PAT was well tolerated, with significant decreases in both anxiety and depression. The patient subjectively reported a sustained reduction in suffering and improved well-being at 2 months post-intervention. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: PAT, when utilized within an appropriate therapeutic framework, may be safely delivered at home and may serve as an effective and long-lasting treatment for symptoms of anxiety and depression associated with psychospiritual symptoms of existential distress in PC. Future studies should examine differences in outcomes between clinical and homecare settings for PAT, and could include creating practice guidelines and protocols for home-based PAT.", "journal": "Palliative & Supportive Care", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1017/s1478951525100941", "pubmed_id": "41127918", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1478951525100941", "keywords": "Medicine, Anxiety, Distress, Depression (economics), Intensive care medicine, Clinical Practice, Psychotherapist, MEDLINE, Psycho-oncology, Cancer, Emotional distress, Existentialism, Palliative care, Psychiatry, Psychological distress, Therapeutic approach, Psychological therapy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415464487\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4415464487\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W99126694\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979444127\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054341704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2557998092\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784340661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803692240\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095626073\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313680598\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361247637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387706959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392550813\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410974136\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411048451\",\"https://openalex.org/W4411627933\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040374734\",\"display_name\":\"Houman Farzin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4095-3596\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Koren\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6515-3176\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070836121\",\"display_name\":\"Helen Ferrier\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063712330\",\"display_name\":\"Justin J. Sanders\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8928-4051\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086538803\",\"display_name\":\"Nicolas Garel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-9943\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S204840698\",\"source_display_name\":\"Palliative & Supportive Care\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1478951525100941\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Case Report,Cancer Patients,Toxicity", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4415464487" }, { "id": 393, "title": "Which Psychotherapy Model Should be Used in Psilocybin Treatment for Depression?", "normalized_title": "which psychotherapy model should be used in psilocybin treatment for depression", "authors": "Elena Koning, Pedro Starzynski Bacchi, Cristiano Chaves, Fabiano A. Gomes, Elisa Brietzke", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Unipolar and bipolar depression severely impact millions of individuals worldwide, with a significant subset of cases remaining unresponsive to conventional treatments. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy; however, the optimal psychotherapeutic approach remains undefined, ranging from unstructured models rooted in historical practices to modern frameworks that are structurally tailored for depression. This narrative review proposes a conceptualization of psychotherapeutic models employed in existing interventional trials of PAP for depression and provides a preliminary comparison of their main characteristics and evidence for efficacy. METHODS: The online databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar were searched for interventional trials evaluating PAP for individuals with unipolar or bipolar depression. RESULTS: A total of 38 publications were reviewed, contributing to the conceptualization of two main types of psychotherapy models: 1) 'Specific' approaches (most commonly Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Perceptual-Control Therapy) and 2) 'Non-specific' models of psychological support. Both models emphasize the critical role of the therapeutic alliance, yet differ in mechanistic focus, with specific models being developed to enhance psychological flexibility and non-specific models emphasizing the concept of the 'inner-healer.' Importantly, critical gaps in the literature were identified, including methodological limitations of current evidence and the need for standardized reporting guidelines. CONCLUSION: Although each PAP model differs, both may have clinical relevance in depression treatment. Future work should explore the standardized reporting of psychological interventions in PAP and comparative study designs to better evaluate non-specific and specific models and inform treatment guidelines.", "journal": "Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy", "publication_date": "2024-12-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1197", "pubmed_id": "41405984", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1197", "keywords": "Psychotherapist, Psilocybin, Psychological intervention, Psychology, Relevance (law), Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Psychological therapy, Work (physics), MEDLINE, Clinical significance, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417437388\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4417437388\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060209926\",\"display_name\":\"Elena Koning\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0288\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020217985\",\"display_name\":\"Pedro Starzynski Bacchi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5984-0608\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063630602\",\"display_name\":\"Cristiano Chaves\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9878-1700\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000765029\",\"display_name\":\"Fabiano A. Gomes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7690-1580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076331964\",\"display_name\":\"Elisa Brietzke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2697-1342\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764584420\",\"source_display_name\":\"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1197\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Psychological Flexibility,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4417437388" }, { "id": 780, "title": "Concurrent stress modulates the acute and post-acute effects of psilocybin in a sex-dependent manner", "normalized_title": "concurrent stress modulates the acute and post acute effects of psilocybin in a sex dependent manner", "authors": "Miguel Farinha-Ferreira, Catarina Miranda-Lourenço, Chloé Galipeau, Zsolt Lenkei, Ana M. Sebastião", "abstract": "There is renewed interest in psychedelics, such as psilocybin, as therapies for multiple difficult-to-treat psychiatric disorders. Even though psychedelics can induce highly pleasant or aversive experiences, depending on multiple personal and environmental factors, there is little research into how such experiences impact post-acute mood-altering actions. Here we aimed at offsetting this gap. First, we tested whether acute psilocybin effects differed between sexes. Adult male and female C57BL/6J mice received saline or psilocybin (5 mg/kg; i.p.), and head-twitch response (HTR) frequency was quantified. Notably, while psilocybin increased HTR frequency in both sexes, the effect was greater in females. We then tested if stress exposure during acute drug effects impacted post-acute psilocybin actions. Following drug treatment, mice were returned to their homecage or restrained for 1 h. Anxiety- and depression-like behaviors were assessed starting 24 h following drug administration, using the marble burying, novelty-suppressed feeding, and splash tests. Psilocybin induced anxiolytic-, but not antidepressant-like, which were fully blocked by stress in males, but only partially so in females. Lastly, we assessed the acute stress-psilocybin interaction on plasma corticosterone levels in a separate cohort of mice, treated as above. Both stress and psilocybin independently increased corticosterone levels, without additive or interactive effects being observed for either sex. Our data reveals the role of sex and peri-acute negative experiences in the acute and post-acute actions of psilocybin. These findings underline the importance of non-pharmacological factors, such as the quality of the psychedelic experience, in the mood-altering effects of psychedelics, holding significant for both their therapeutic and recreational use. • Female mice were more sensitive to acute psilocybin behavioral effects than males. • Psilocybin induced anxiolytic- but not antidepressant-like effects in both sexes. • Concurrent acute stress exposure abolished psilocybin-induced anxiolysis in males. • Concurrent acute stress exposure blunted psilocybin-induced anxiolysis in females. • Psilocybin and stress did not interact at plasma corticosterone level.", "journal": "Neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-12-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110280", "pubmed_id": "39725123", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110280", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Acute pain, Medicine, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Developmental psychology, Psychiatry, Anesthesia, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": 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Farinha-Ferreira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1240-0717\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076521538\",\"display_name\":\"Catarina Miranda-Lourenço\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-7999\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093197255\",\"display_name\":\"Chloé Galipeau\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084817390\",\"display_name\":\"Zsolt Lenkei\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-5931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021255614\",\"display_name\":\"Ana M. Sebastião\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9030-6115\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S160566677\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110280\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Observational Study,Animal Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405738640" }, { "id": 833, "title": "Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): A dose-response network meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of major depressive disorder mdd a dose response network meta analysis of randomized placebo controlled clinical trials", "authors": "Swieczkowski D, Kwaśny A, Pruc M, Gaca Z, Szarpak L, Cubała WJ.", "abstract": "Selecting the optimal dose of psilocybin for treating Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) is crucial for clinical development and regulatory approval. This meta-analysis evaluates psilocybin's efficacy and safety in treating MDD to determine the optimal dose and timing for clinical trials. A systematic review and Dose-Response Network Meta-Analysis (NMA) of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials (RCTs) registered with PROSPERO was conducted. Databases searched included Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, up to July 2024. The PICOS framework defined eligibility criteria: P: adult patients with MDD; I: psilocybin; C: placebo; O: changes in MADRS scores at Days 2, 8 and 15, and adverse events; S: RCT. Independent researchers performed data extraction and bias assessment. From 5419 search results, three RCTs involving 389 patients were included. Psilocybin significantly reduced symptoms compared to placebo at Day 8 (MD = -7.42; 95 % CI:10.07 to -4.78; p < 0.001) and Day 15 (MD = -9.55; 95 % CI:12.44 to -6.65; p < 0.001), without significant effects on Day 2. The NMA indicated that a 25 mg dose was the most effective, with a SUCRA value of 92.25 %, compared to doses of 0.215 mg/kg and 10 mg. However, psilocybin was associated with a higher risk of adverse events, particularly nausea (RR = 8.35; p < 0.001). This meta-analysis supports psilocybin's efficacy in treating MDD, particularly at a 25 mg dose, showing a time-dependent therapeutic effect. The recommended timing of efficacy evaluation by regulatory authorities is validated by this evidence, underscoring its importance in clinical trial design for psychedelic substances.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116337", "pubmed_id": "39754904", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116337", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Adult, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39754904\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3114, "title": "Characterizing psilocybin as an antidepressant for adolescence in male and female rats", "normalized_title": "characterizing psilocybin as an antidepressant for adolescence in male and female rats", "authors": "García-Cabrerizo R, Beruete-Fresnillo I, García-Fuster MJ.", "abstract": "Adolescent depression is a significant public health concern, yet treatment options remain limited, particularly due to age- and sex-related differences in antidepressant efficacy. This study explored the rapid and long-lasting antidepressant-like potential of psilocybin in adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats, examining acute and repeated oral dosing effects while incorporating sex as a biological variable. An acute administration of psilocybin produced rapid antidepressant-like effects 30 minutes post-treatment in both male and female rats, demonstrated by reduced immobility and increased escape-related behaviour in the forced swim test. However, repeated daily administrations over 7 days revealed notable sex differences. In males, the antidepressant-like effects were sustained, at least, for up to 15 days post-treatment at both tested doses. In contrast, in females, the effects were dose-dependent and less enduring, persisting only up to 8 days at the highest dose tested. To the best of our knowledge, these results are the first ones to underscore psilocybin’s potential as a fast-acting and long-lasting antidepressant during adolescence, a developmental stage marked by high vulnerability to depression and reduced response to conventional treatments, while also emphasizing the importance of tailoring therapeutic approaches to individual biological factors such as sex.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-12-21", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.12.20.629571", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.20.629571", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR959351\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Adolescents", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 835, "title": "Therapeutic Potential of MDMA- and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for Adolescent Depression and Trauma.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic potential of mdma and psychedelic assisted psychotherapy for adolescent depression and trauma", "authors": "Geller J, Whitney E.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewThere is a mental health crisis affecting youth, and the utility of existing treatments is often limited by lack of effectiveness and tolerability. The aim of this review is to report on outcomes of clinical trials for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for adults with depression and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and discuss recommendations for exploring these treatments in adolescent populations.Recent findingsThere have been encouraging data supporting the use of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depression, including previously treatment-resistant symptoms. MDMA-assisted psychotherapy is showing similar promise in treating PTSD, with excellent response and remission rates that appear durable. However, no studies have looked at the use of these treatments in younger patients. The safety and efficacy of psychedelic- and MDMA-assisted psychotherapies should be investigated in adolescents, especially considering the burden of untreated and undertreated psychiatric illness in youth, and the benefits of a potentially earlier, more effective, and more tolerable recovery process. Research and implementation should be tailored to the needs of this population, and equity and access should be considered at every stage. In this novel and rapidly evolving landscape, the psychiatric community is encouraged to advocate for safe, appropriate, and inclusive inquiry into, and application and scaling of these treatment models in adolescent patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-024-01577-2", "pubmed_id": "39699759", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-024-01577-2", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychotherapy, Adolescent, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39699759\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adolescents,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 808, "title": "The role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "the role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Oscar Alvarez, Robin Carhart-Harris, J. Chai-Rees, Megan Croal, Charles DeBattista, Boadie W. Dunlop, David Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, John R. Kelly, Namik Kirlić, Rasmus Wentzer Licht, Lindsey Marwood, Thomas D. Meyer, Sunil Mistry, Ania Nowakowska, Tomáš Páleníček, Dimitris Repantis, Robert A. Schoevers, Hollie Simmons, Metten Somers, Emma Teoh, Joyce Tsai, Mourad Wahba, Sam Williams, Allan H. Young, Matthew B. Young, Sidney Zisook, Ekaterina Malievskaia", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2024-12-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.061", "pubmed_id": "39706482", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.061", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405528804\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":35,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111663098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330905372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913453568\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093676138\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294631080\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386285211\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386852375\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392650719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\",\"https://openalex.org/W6790052311\",\"https://openalex.org/W6839775232\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031562832\",\"display_name\":\"Oscar Alvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093581995\",\"display_name\":\"J. Chai-Rees\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030186541\",\"display_name\":\"Charles DeBattista\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078217449\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-5750\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078220787\",\"display_name\":\"Namik Kirlić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-8774\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083653322\",\"display_name\":\"Rasmus Wentzer Licht\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8095-3490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045023981\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas D. Meyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4236-7778\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Ania Nowakowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056888000\",\"display_name\":\"Tomáš Páleníček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-9539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012350581\",\"display_name\":\"Dimitris Repantis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-6286\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Emma Teoh\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111726730\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091177873\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-3190\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053651400\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Zisook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-9185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.061\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405528804" }, { "id": 684, "title": "Psilocybin increases emotional empathy in patients with major depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin increases emotional empathy in patients with major depression", "authors": "Johannes Jungwirth, Robin von Rotz, Isabel Dziobek, Franz X. Vollenweider, Katrin H. Preller", "abstract": "Empathy plays a crucial role in interpersonal relationships and mental health. It is decreased in a variety of psychiatric disorders including major depression. Psilocybin, a promising candidate for treating depression, has been shown to acutely increase emotional empathy in healthy volunteers. However, no study has investigated this effect and its relevance for symptom improvement in a clinical population. This study examines the enduring effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on empathy in depressed patients using a randomized, placebo-controlled design. Fifty-one depressed patients were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of psilocybin (0215 mg/kg body weight) or a placebo embedded in a 4-week psychological support intervention. Empathy was measured using the Multifaceted Empathy Test at baseline and 2 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks after substance administration. Changes in empathy were compared between treatment conditions. Patients who received psilocybin showed significant improvements in explicit emotional empathy driven by an increase in empathy towards positive stimuli compared to the placebo group for at least two weeks. This study highlights the potential of psychedelics to enhance social cognition in individuals living with depression and contributes to a better understanding of the psychological mechanisms of action of psychedelics. Further studies are necessary to investigate the interaction between social cognition and clinical efficacy.The trial is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03715127) and KOFAM (Identifier: SNCTP000003139).", "journal": "Molecular Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-024-02875-0", "pubmed_id": "39695323", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02875-0", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Empathy, Psychology, Placebo, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Cognition, Medicine, Pathology, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405510726\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405510726\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":18,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1582806089\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976073163\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992745256\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001594024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003490123\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005210865\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012860496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042011957\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048501566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072933323\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076371757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078650938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087143426\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087252276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088779903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093274439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134813353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148003635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150537415\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245489791\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407696122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2536565412\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790872326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944434778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948321106\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991157178\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993940948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045713183\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180562559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3202537739\",\"https://openalex.org/W3206512987\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210625095\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232576989\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280508917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288457129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389137509\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391967348\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004899435\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes Jungwirth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8142-5874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058976475\",\"display_name\":\"Robin von Rotz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4087-3650\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073232278\",\"display_name\":\"Isabel Dziobek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0150-5353\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S71149355\",\"source_display_name\":\"Molecular Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02875-0\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Healthy Volunteers,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405510726" }, { "id": 3101, "title": "Psilocybin causes sex, time, and dose dependent alterations in brain signaling pathways", "normalized_title": "psilocybin causes sex time and dose dependent alterations in brain signaling pathways", "authors": "Barnett JH, Todd KT, Benetatos J, Rabichow BE, Gibson KA, Olney KC, Fryer JD.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a psychedelic tryptamine that has emerged as a potential candidate for the treatment of a variety of conditions, including treatment resistant depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Clinical trials which have assessed the efficacy of psilocybin for these conditions report a rapid and sustained improvement in patient- and clinician-rated depression scores. The established mechanism of action for psychedelics such as psilocybin is agonism of the serotonin 2A receptor (5HT 2A R), however, the downstream events that mediate their therapeutic effects remain uncertain. As high doses of psychedelics are known to induce strong perceptual alterations, an additional outstanding question is whether subperceptual doses induce similar molecular effects as psychoactive dosages. Here, we report the first analysis of dose- and sex-dependent transcriptional changes in forebrains of female and male mice at 3 timepoints (8 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days) following a single administration of psilocybin at low (0.25 mg/kg) or high (1 mg/kg) doses. Grouped analysis of both sexes reveals dose- and time-dependent transcriptomic alterations. We report more rapid transcriptional changes and attenuation of such changes in females following a single low-dose relative to males treated identically. Females also responded more robustly to high-dose administration relative to males at 8 and 24 hours, with signal attenuation in both sexes by 7 days. A notable observation was the persistent transcriptional effect of low-dose psilocybin at 7 days, which outlasted high-dose changes, and which suggests that low doses may have prolonged biological effects. A myriad of pathways were altered depending on sex and timepoint, but common features included functions related to neuronal differentiation, neurogenesis, and changes in receptor signaling. These data reveal dose- and sex-dependent molecular effects of psilocybin and support previous studies demonstrating its effect on dendritogenesis. Given ongoing clinical interest in psilocybin for treating mental health disorders, our results suggest that these sexually divergent changes should be considered when weighing treatment strategies. Additional consideration should be given to temporal effects of low vs high dosages on gene transcription, especially when timing psilocybin with adjuvant cognitive behavioral therapy.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-12-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.12.16.628764", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.16.628764", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR961267\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Healthcare Workers,Transcriptomics", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 837, "title": "The safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "the safety of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy a systematic review", "authors": "Freitas RR, Gotsis ES, Gallo AT, Fitzgibbon BM, Bailey NW, Fitzgerald PB.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin, a classical psychedelic, has been rescheduled for use in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression in Australia. While evidence for its use is promising, understanding the associated risks is crucial. Accordingly, this review aims to collate adverse event data from psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy clinical trials and evaluate its definition, way of measurement and reporting.MethodsA systematic method was employed to identify clinical trials related to the use of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in clinical populations that reported on adverse events. The quality assessment focused on relevant criteria related to adverse event definition, monitoring and reporting methods.ResultsA total of 24 articles were included. The studies reported heterogeneous psilocybin doses, study designs and indications. Physical and psychological adverse events during and after psilocybin sessions were examined, revealing variations in measuring, reporting methods and occurrences. The most common adverse events during and after sessions included elevated blood pressure, headaches, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and anxiety. In addition, both suicidal ideation and behaviour were observed infrequently and mainly in participants with a history of suicidal ideation or suicide attempt(s).ConclusionThe review highlights the need to standardise the defintion of an adverse event, including how they are measured and reported, in psychedelic clinical trials to ensure consistent reporting across studies. In addition, screening participants for suicidality history and ongoing monitoring remains important, given the potential risk identified in the literature. However, based on the available data, the safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is generally supported, and no deaths were attributed to psilocybin. Nevertheless, cautious optimism is needed due to the preliminary nature and heterogeneity of the safety data.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/00048674241289024", "pubmed_id": "39670342", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674241289024", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39670342\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 781, "title": "Psychedelic use and bipolar disorder - An investigation of recreational use and its impact on mental health.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic use and bipolar disorder an investigation of recreational use and its impact on mental health", "authors": "Meyer TD, Ibrahim M, Vale LN, Soares JC.", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances such as psilocybin have recently gained attention for their potential therapeutic benefits in treating depression and other mental health problems. However, individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) have been excluded from most clinical trials due to concerns about manic switches or psychosis. This study aimed to systematically examine the effects of recreational psychedelic use in individuals with BD. Using the Timeline Followback (TLFB) method, we assessed mood symptoms, substance use, and other mental health-related variables in the month before and three months following participants' most recent psychedelic experience. Results showed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms and cannabis use, an increase in the number of days without mental health symptoms, and an increase in the number of days with hallucinogen use. Importantly, no significant changes in (hypo)manic, psychotic, or anxiety symptoms were observed. These findings suggest that psychedelics may hold potential as a safe and effective treatment for BD, though further research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.044", "pubmed_id": "39675677", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.044", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Health, Bipolar Disorder, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Psilocybin, Recreational Drug Use", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39675677\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 942, "title": "The revival of psilocybin between scientific excitement, evidence of efficacy, and real-world challenges.", "normalized_title": "the revival of psilocybin between scientific excitement evidence of efficacy and real world challenges", "authors": "Scala M, Fabbri C, Fusar-Poli P, Di Lorenzo G, Ferrara M, Amerio A, Fusar-Poli L, Pichiecchio A, Asteggiano C, Menchetti M, De Ronchi D, MNESYS - Mood and Psychosis Sub-Project (Spoke 5), Fanelli G, Serretti A.", "abstract": "The revival of psilocybin in psychopharmacological research heralds a potential paradigm shift for treating mood and anxiety disorders, and other psychiatric conditions beyond the psychotic spectrum. This critical review evaluates current evidence on psilocybin's efficacy, juxtaposing potential benefits with the practical aspects of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) and the methodological constraints of existing research.An electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, selecting studies published up to December 2023 that explored the clinical use of psilocybin in mood and anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorder. Despite promising preliminary results suggesting psilocybin's efficacy in alleviating depression and anxiety, as well as obsessions, compulsions, and addictive behaviors, significant evidence gaps persist. These include evaluating the efficacy of psilocybin compared to standard antidepressants or anxiolytic molecules and identifying patient subpopulations that might benefit most from PAP. Concerns about psilocybin's safety, long-term efficacy, and optimal dosage remain unclear due to previous trials' limitations. Real-world implementation faces challenges, including infrastructural requirements, personnel training, and unresolved legal and ethical issues. This paper argues for further research to substantiate the evidence base, emphasizing the need for larger studies that overcome current methodological limitations and explore psilocybin's full therapeutic potential. While psilocybin holds promise for psychiatry, its successful translation from research to clinical practice demands more robust evidence on efficacy, safety, and methodological rigor. In addition, other factors, such as cultural stigma and legal/ethical issues, need to be successfully addressed to facilitate psilocybin's implementation in healthcare systems.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1017/s1092852924002268", "pubmed_id": "39655426", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852924002268", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39655426\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 809, "title": "Treatment Expectancies and Psilocybin vs Escitalopram for Depression", "normalized_title": "treatment expectancies and psilocybin vs escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Ethan G. Dutcher, Andrew D. Krystal", "abstract": "This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial examines the association between treatment expectancies and the relative efficacy of psilocybin compared with escitalopram for major depressive disorder.", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-12-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387", "pubmed_id": "39653344", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Psychology, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405172984\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405172984\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1592228396\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992823464\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391953134\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078546509\",\"display_name\":\"Ethan G. Dutcher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3405-3309\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042168269\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew D. Krystal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6702-781X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405172984" }, { "id": 368, "title": "Psychedelics as an intervention for psychological, existential distress in terminally ill patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics as an intervention for psychological existential distress in terminally ill patients a systematic review and network meta analysis", "authors": "Marchi M, Farina R, Rachedi K, Laonigro F, Žuljević MF, Pingani L, Ferrari S, Somers M, Boks MPM, Galeazzi GM.", "abstract": "BackgroundThe interest in psychedelics as a therapeutic intervention for existential distress of people with terminal illness grounds on their mechanism of action and effect on the spiritual/existential aspects accompanying end-of-life experiences.AimsThis systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed at examining the efficacy and safety of psychedelic compounds for existential distress in terminally ill people.MethodsPubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) administering psychedelics for existential distress in people with terminal illnesses. Meta-analysis estimated the standardized mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio (OR), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), between treated and control groups in pairwise and network comparisons, using random-effects models. Post-treatment measures of depression and anxiety, as proxies of existential distress, and tolerability were the primary outcomes.ResultsNine studies, involving 606 participants (362 treated with psychedelics: psilocybin, ketamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)) were included. The meta-analysis supported the efficacy of psychedelics on depression (SMD: -0.80 (95% CI: -0.98, -0.63)) and anxiety (SMD: -0.84 (95% CI: -1.20, -0.48)). Network meta-analysis identified psilocybin as the most effective compound for depression, and LSD for anxiety. However, head-to-head comparison between psychedelics did not reach statistical significance. The rates of treatment discontinuation and adverse events between psychedelics and controls were comparable.ConclusionsPsychedelics, especially psilocybins and LSD, showed promising effects on depression and anxiety in people with terminal illnesses. Limitations include the small number of RCTs, methodological issues related to blinding, and the lack of direct comparisons between psychedelic compounds. Larger studies and comparative research are needed to consolidate these findings.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241303594", "pubmed_id": "39655749", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241303594", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Stress, Psychological, Anxiety, Terminally Ill, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psychological Distress, Network Meta-Analysis as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39655749\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Spirituality,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 936, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy for Clinicians With Symptoms of Depression From Frontline Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for clinicians with symptoms of depression from frontline care during the covid 19 pandemic", "authors": "Anthony L. Back, Timara K. Freeman-Young, Ladybird Morgan, Tanmeet Sethi, Kelsey K. Baker, Susanna Myers, Bonnie A. McGregor, Kalin Harvey, Marlene Tai, Austin Kollefrath, Brandon J. Thomas, Dennis Sorta, Mendel Kaelen, Benjamin Kelmendi, Ted Gooley", "abstract": "Importance: The psychological morbidity experienced by physicians, advanced practice practitioners (APPs), and nurses from working during the COVID-19 pandemic includes burnout, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: To investigate whether psilocybin therapy could improve symptoms of depression, burnout, and PTSD in US clinicians who developed these symptoms from frontline clinical work during the pandemic. Design, Setting, and Participants: This double-blind randomized clinical trial enrolled participants from February to December 2022. Participants included physicians, APPs, and nurses who provided frontline care for more than 1 month during the pandemic and had no prepandemic mental health diagnoses but had moderate or severe symptoms of depression at enrollment. Participants were randomly assigned to either the psilocybin or niacin arm. Data analysis was conducted between December 2023 and May 2024 and was based on the intention-to-treat principle. Intervention: One intervention episode consisted of 2 preparation visits, 1 medication session, and 3 integration visits. At the medication session, participants received psilocybin, 25 mg, or niacin, 100 mg, orally. Main Outcome and Measures: The primary outcome was a change from baseline (preparation 1 session) to day 28 (after medication administration) in symptoms of depression as measured by the clinician-administered Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) used by blinded raters. The secondary outcomes were a change in symptoms of burnout (measured with the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index [SPFI]) and symptoms of PTSD (measured with the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition [PCL-5]). Results: A total of 30 clinicians (15 females [50%]; mean [range] age, 38 [29-60] years) participated, of whom 15 were randomly assigned to receive psilocybin and 15 to receive niacin. The mean change in symptoms of depression (MADRS scores) from preparation 1 session to day 28 was -21.33 (7.84) in the psilocybin arm compared with -9.33 (7.32) in the niacin arm, with a mean difference between arms of -12.00 (95% CI, -17.67 to -6.33; P", "journal": "JAMA Network Open", "publication_date": "2024-12-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49026", "pubmed_id": "39636638", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49026", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Mental health, Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Intervention (counseling), Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405031949\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":36,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W620866414\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992123212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044133982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049103906\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2174561539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2298841958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2301228424\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2774020105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921990961\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014756509\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014937314\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107674131\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152785167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3209116266\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200270411\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200389603\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295776311\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296739356\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324045013\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324335442\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361280452\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378782231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387996281\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392498741\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071781938\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony L. Back\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-0477\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115003092\",\"display_name\":\"Timara K. Freeman-Young\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Ladybird Morgan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002379531\",\"display_name\":\"Tanmeet Sethi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041041464\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey K. Baker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-8839\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113200747\",\"display_name\":\"Susanna Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030340063\",\"display_name\":\"Bonnie A. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-9347\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075648744\",\"display_name\":\"Kalin Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Marlene Tai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115003090\",\"display_name\":\"Austin Kollefrath\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102718487\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon J. Thomas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0983-113X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115003091\",\"display_name\":\"Dennis Sorta\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110948308\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Kelmendi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-1326\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023949296\",\"display_name\":\"Ted Gooley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-3652\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210217848\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Network Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49026\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405031949" }, { "id": 932, "title": "Synergistic, multi-level understanding of psychedelics: three systematic reviews and meta-analyses of their pharmacology, neuroimaging and phenomenology.", "normalized_title": "synergistic multi level understanding of psychedelics three systematic reviews and meta analyses of their pharmacology neuroimaging and phenomenology", "authors": "Shinozuka K, Jerotic K, Mediano P, Zhao AT, Preller KH, Carhart-Harris R, Kringelbach ML.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics induce altered states of consciousness and have shown potential for treating a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression and addiction. Yet their modes of action are not fully understood. Here, we provide a novel, synergistic understanding of psychedelics arising from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of three hierarchical levels of analysis: (1) subjective experience (phenomenology), (2) neuroimaging and (3) molecular pharmacology. Phenomenologically, medium and high doses of LSD yield significantly higher ratings of visionary restructuralisation than psilocybin on the 5-dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Scale. Our neuroimaging results reveal that, in general, psychedelics significantly strengthen between-network functional connectivity (FC) while significantly diminishing within-network FC. Pharmacologically, LSD induces significantly more inositol phosphate formation at the 5-HT2A receptor than DMT and psilocin, yet there are no significant between-drug differences in the selectivity of psychedelics for the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, or D2 receptors, relative to the 5-HT1A receptor. Our meta-analyses link DMT, LSD, and psilocybin to specific neural fingerprints at each level of analysis. The results show a highly non-linear relationship between these fingerprints. Overall, our analysis highlighted the high heterogeneity and risk of bias in the literature. This suggests an urgent need for standardising experimental procedures and analysis techniques, as well as for more research on the emergence between different levels of psychedelic effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-024-03187-1", "pubmed_id": "39632810", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-024-03187-1", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Dimethoxyphenylethylamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Neuroimaging, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39632810\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 931, "title": "Comparative antidepressant effects and safety of intravenous racemic ketamine, psilocybin and theta burst stimulation for major depressive disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.", "normalized_title": "comparative antidepressant effects and safety of intravenous racemic ketamine psilocybin and theta burst stimulation for major depressive disorder a systematic review and network meta analyses of randomized controlled trials", "authors": "Terao I, Kodama W.", "abstract": "The individual efficacy and safety of intravenous racemic (IV) ketamine, psilocybin, and theta burst stimulation (TBS) for major depressive disorder have been demonstrated through meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but the comparative usefulness of these novel treatments has not yet been fully examined. We systematically searched the CENTRAL, Medline, CINHAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for randomized controlled trials up to July 4, 2024. Random-effects network meta-analyses were conducted to compare the Comparative antidepressant effects and safety of intravenous racemic ketamine, psilocybin and theta burst stimulation for major depressive disorderantidepressant efficacy, tolerability, and acceptability of IV ketamine, psilocybin, and TBS. Twenty-eight RCTs were included. All treatments were superior to placebo, with IV ketamine and psilocybin showing significantly greater antidepressant efficacy than TBS. No significant differences were detected between all treatments and placebo in tolerability and acceptability. In a subgroup analysis focusing on short periods of 1 week or less, only IV ketamine was significantly more effective than placebo. In another subgroup analysis focusing on periods of 4 weeks or longer, IV ketamine and psilocybin showed significantly better antidepressant effects than placebo. The confidence in the evidence ranged from very low to moderate. Specifically, there is a scarcity of studies on psilocybin and a lack of direct comparison trials. The findings suggest that IV ketamine and psilocybin may be more effective treatments compared to TBS. Additionally, IV ketamine may have an advantage in terms of rapid onset of action. The number of included studies is limited, especially for psilocybin, and therefore the current findings are preliminary, necessitating further accumulation of direct-comparison RCTs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1002/pcn5.70042", "pubmed_id": "39641126", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70042", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39641126\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 915, "title": "Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelic Drugs: Navigating High Hopes, Strong Claims, Weak Evidence, and Big Money.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs navigating high hopes strong claims weak evidence and big money", "authors": "Humphreys K, Todd Korthuis P, Stjepanović D, Hall W.", "abstract": "Therapeutic claims about many psychedelic drugs have not been evaluated in any studies of even modest rigor. The science of psychedelic drugs is strengthening, however, making it easier to differentiate some promising findings amid the hype that suffuses this research area. Ketamine has risks of adverse side effects (e.g., addiction and cystitis), but multiple studies suggest it can benefit individuals with treatment-resistant depression. Other therapeutic signals from psychedelic drug research that merit rigorous replication studies include 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psilocybin for depression, end of life dysphoria, and alcohol use disorder. The precise mechanisms through which psychedelic drugs can produce benefit and harm are not fully understood. Rigorous research is the best path forward for evaluating the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of psychedelic drugs. Policies governing the clinical use of these drugs should be informed by evidence and prioritize the protection of public health over the profit motive.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-02", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1146/annurev-psych-020124-023532", "pubmed_id": "39094057", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-020124-023532", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39094057\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 724, "title": "Randomized Controlled Trials of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "randomized controlled trials of psilocybin assisted therapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Menon V, Ramamurthy P, Venu S, Andrade C.", "abstract": "IntroductionThere is growing interest in the use of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) for major depressive disorder (MDD), including treatment-resistant depression. We used randomized controlled trial (RCT) data to compare summary estimates of change in depression ratings with PAT versus comparator treatments in MDD. We also compared response and remission rates, and adverse effects.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and SCOPUS from inception till April 2024. Our primary efficacy outcome was 1-week (or nearest) between-group change in depression ratings. Secondary efficacy outcomes were changes in depression ratings at days 2, 14, and 42 (or nearest) and study-defined response and remission rates at week 1 (or nearest). Safety outcomes were reported adverse effects. We pooled outcomes in random-effects meta-analyses using standardized mean difference (SMD; Hedges g) for continuous outcomes and risk ratio (RR) for categorical outcomes.ResultsWe found 6 eligible RCTs (pooled N = 427), all on psilocybin. The pooled SMD for 1-week between-group change in depression ratings was -0.72 [95% CI, -0.95 to -0.49; I2 = 17%; 5 RCTs; n = 403], favouring PAT; results were similar at days 2, 14, and 42. The response [RR = 3.42; 95% CI, 2.35-4.97; I2 = 0%; 4 RCTs; n = 373] and remission [RR = 3.66; 95% CI, 2.26-5.92; I2 = 0%; 4 RCTs; n = 373] rates also favored PAT. The PAT group had a small but significantly increased risk of developing any adverse event [RR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.42; I2 = 43%; 4 RCTs; n = 373] and a significantly higher risk of experiencing headache [RR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.10-2.86; I2 = 52%; 4 RCTs; n = 373] and dizziness [RR = 6.52; 95% CI, 1.19-35.87; I2 = 0%; 3 RCTs; n = 269]. Low heterogeneity characterized most analyses and findings were similar in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionAntidepressant effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy are superior (with at least medium effect sizes) to comparator interventions for at least up to 6 weeks postintervention.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-02", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1111/acps.13778", "pubmed_id": "39627679", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13778", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39627679\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Headache / Migraine,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 935, "title": "Correction to: A Bayesian Reanalysis of a Trial of Psilocybin Versus Escitalopram for Depression by Nayak, et al. Psychedelic Med 2023;1(1):18-26; doi: 10.1089/psymed.2022.0002.", "normalized_title": "correction to a bayesian reanalysis of a trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression by nayak et al psychedelic med 2023 1 1 18 26 doi 10 1089 psymed 2022 0002", "authors": "", "abstract": "[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1089/psymed.2022.0002.].", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-12-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2022.0002.correx", "pubmed_id": "40045987", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2022.0002.correx", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40045987\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 951, "title": "Adverse Events in Studies of Classic Psychedelics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "adverse events in studies of classic psychedelics a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Hinkle JT, Graziosi M, Nayak SM, Yaden DB.", "abstract": "ImportanceA clear and comprehensive understanding of risks associated with psychedelic-assisted therapy is necessary as investigators extend its application to new populations and indications.ObjectiveTo assess adverse events (AEs) associated with classic psychedelics, particularly serious AEs (SAEs) and nonserious AEs (NSAEs) requiring medical or psychiatric evaluation.Data sourcesThe search for potentially eligible studies was conducted in the Scopus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases from inception through February 8, 2024.Study selectionTwo independent reviewers screened articles of classic psychedelics (lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], psilocybin, dimethyltryptamine [DMT], and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine [5-MeO-DMT]) involving administration in clinical or research contexts.Data extraction and synthesisAE data were extracted and synthesized by 2 reviewers and were used for random-effects meta-analysis of AE frequency and heterogeneity. Risk of bias assessment focused on AE ascertainment (eg, systematic assessment and quality of follow-up).Main outcomes and measuresA hybrid approach was used for capture of all reported AEs following high-dose classic psychedelic exposure and confirmatory capture of AEs of special interest, including suicidality, psychotic disorder, manic symptoms, cardiovascular events, and hallucinogen persisting perception disorder. AEs were stratified by timescale and study population type. Forest plots of common AEs were generated, and the proportions of participants affected by SAEs or NSAEs requiring medical intervention were summarized descriptively.ResultsA total of 214 unique studies were included, of which 114 (53.3%) reported analyzable AE data for 3504 total participants. SAEs were reported for no healthy participants and for approximately 4% of participants with preexisting neuropsychiatric disorders; among these SAEs were worsening depression, suicidal behavior, psychosis, and convulsive episodes. NSAEs requiring medical intervention (eg, paranoia, headache) were similarly rare. In contemporary research settings, there were no reports of deaths by suicide, persistent psychotic disorders, or hallucinogen persisting perception disorders following administration of high-dose classic psychedelics. However, there was significant heterogeneity in the quality of AE monitoring and reporting. Of 68 analyzed studies published since 2005, only 16 (23.5%) described systematic approaches to AE assessment, and 20 studies (29.4%) reported all AEs, as opposed to only adverse drug reactions. Meta-analyses of prevalence for common AEs (eg, headache, anxiety, nausea, fatigue, and dizziness) yielded comparable results for psilocybin and LSD.Conclusions and relevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, classic psychedelics were generally well tolerated in clinical or research settings according to the existing literature, although SAEs did occur. These results provide estimates of common AE frequencies and indicate that certain catastrophic events reported in recreational or nonclinical contexts have yet to be reported in contemporary trial participants. Careful, ongoing, and improved pharmacovigilance is required to understand the risk and benefit profiles of these substances and to communicate such risks to prospective study participants and the public.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.2546", "pubmed_id": "39230883", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.2546", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39230883\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 944, "title": "Psychedelics for the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Efficacy and Proposed Mechanisms.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder efficacy and proposed mechanisms", "authors": "Collins HM.", "abstract": "Psychedelics are emerging as potential treatments for a range of mental health conditions, including anxiety and depression, treatment-resistant depression, and substance use disorders. Recent studies have also suggested that the psychedelic psilocybin may be able to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Since the 1960s, case studies have reported improvements to obsessive and compulsive behaviors in patients taking psychedelics recreationally. The effects of psilocybin were then systematically assessed in a small, open-label trial in 2006, which found that psilocybin significantly reduced the symptoms of OCD. Reduced compulsive behaviors have also been seen in rodent models of OCD after administration of psilocybin. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying the effects of psychedelics for OCD are unclear, with hypotheses including their acute pharmacological effects, changes in neuroplasticity and resting state neural networks, and their psychological effects. This review will evaluate the evidence supporting the theory that psychedelics can be used for the treatment of OCD, as well as the data regarding claims about their mechanisms. It will also discuss issues with the current evidence and the ongoing trials of psilocybin that aim to address these knowledge gaps.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1093/ijnp/pyae057", "pubmed_id": "39611453", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyae057", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39611453\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 941, "title": "Psilocybin and hallucinogenic mushrooms.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and hallucinogenic mushrooms", "authors": "Fradet M, Kelly CM, Donnelly AJ, Suppes T.", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy has recently emerged as a promising new treatment for depression and other mental health disorders. This chapter summarizes the most recent data on its safety and efficacy. The delivery of psilocybin therapy and its subjective effects are also presented. Furthermore, this chapter outlines our current understanding of psilocybin's pharmacology and neurobiological effects. Other similar psychedelic substances with encouraging therapeutic potential are briefly presented.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1017/s1092852924002487", "pubmed_id": "39789676", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852924002487", "keywords": "Humans, Agaricales, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39789676\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Aging,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 922, "title": "Psilocybin as a Disease-Modifying Drug-A Salutogenic Approach in Psychiatry.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a disease modifying drug a salutogenic approach in psychiatry", "authors": "Spangemacher M, Mertens LJ, Färber LV, Jungaberle A, Jungaberle H, Gründer G.", "abstract": "BackgroundTreatment with so-called psychedelic drugs, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and others, is among the most promising recent developments in psychiatry. This review focuses on psilocybin, a substance found in all mushrooms of the genus Psilocybe, because the largest amount of available evidence relates to this drug.MethodsThis review is based on pertinent publications (since 1969) that were retrieved by a selective search carried out in August 2024 in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases employing the keywords \"psilocybin\" AND \"long-term effects\" AND \"mental disorders\", with an emphasis on randomized, controlled clinical trials (RCTs).ResultsThe available RCTs document the efficacy of psilocybin mainly against depression, including otherwise medically refratory depression. Most of the trials revealed a strong effect, with Cohen's d ranging from 0.67 to 2.6; they used a variety of depression scales and follow-up intervals. Evidence was also found for the efficacy of psilocybin against substance use disorders (alcohol in particular) and symptoms of anxiety accompanying life-threatening somatic illnesses, such as cancer. Initial uncontrolled studies have also shown significant improvement after the administration of psilocybin for other indications.ConclusionTreatment with psilocybin differs fundamentally from classic psychopharmacotherapy. Its potentially transdiagnostic, rapid, and sustainable efficacy and its positive effect on further dimensions of mental health beyond the patient's symptoms and psychopathology imply that it may have diseasemodifying and salutogenic mechanisms of action. Psychotherapy accompanied by the administration of psychedelic drugs may turn out to be the first disease-modifying treatment in the history of psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0224", "pubmed_id": "39628414", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0224", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Mental Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39628414\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4517, "title": "Exploring Psychotherapeutic Benefits of Psilocybin and Psychedelics In Controlled Medical Settings", "normalized_title": "exploring psychotherapeutic benefits of psilocybin and psychedelics in controlled medical settings", "authors": "Arman Fard, Allison Cohen", "abstract": "Psychedelics are emerging as an effective way to combat mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, and substance abuse. Psychedelics such as psilocybin can decrease overactivity in regions of the brain that are associated with anxiety and depression; for instance, psilocybin acts as an agonist on brain receptors to induce consciousness-altering neural responses. Compared to other drugs, psilocybin’s effects are noticeable with fewer dosages and last longer than current pharmaceutical drugs used in the mental health industry. When implemented in conjunction with medical therapy, psilocybin psychotherapy has been proven to reduce depressive symptoms, aid cases of addiction by increasing sobriety, and relieve symptoms of PTSD by cultivating trust and reducing fear. By ensuring that psilocybin psychotherapy is regulated and only implemented with federal consent, medical care providers can provide the best quality of care to patients and strive to improve mental health outcomes in the United States. Therefore, the case for implementing psychedelics in the healthcare industry to combat the ramifications of mental health disorders is strong and should be welcomed and integrated into medical practice with federal regulations.", "journal": "Journal of Student Research", "publication_date": "2024-11-29", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.47611/jsrhs.v13i4.7602", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v13i4.7602", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413513275\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413513275\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119414242\",\"display_name\":\"Arman Fard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Allison Cohen\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2765069361\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Student Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v13i4.7602\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413513275" }, { "id": 943, "title": "Psychedelic Research for Alcohol Use Disorder with Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder: An Unmet Need.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic research for alcohol use disorder with comorbid major depressive disorder an unmet need", "authors": "de Jonge D, van der Meer PB, Kramers C, Schellekens A.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewIn this narrative review, we discuss evidence for psilocybin- and LSD-assisted treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). We describe limitations of psychedelic research and posit methodological considerations when designing a trial in patients with both disorders.Recent findingsIn AUD, a growing evidence base for psilocybin treatment shows a promising beneficial and sustained effect on measures of drinking frequency. In MDD, a recent meta-analysis has demonstrated that psilocybin therapy provides a large and consistent reduction in depressive symptoms compared to no treatment. Co-occurrence of MDD and AUD is quite prevalent, and this comorbidity exacerbates symptomatology of the two individual disorders and complicates their treatment. Theoretically, patients presenting with both AUD and MDD would benefit from an integrated therapy that could treat MDD and AUD simultaneously. We believe that more research into the efficacy of psilocybin in patients with both AUD and MDD is warranted and justified.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-28", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-024-01567-4", "pubmed_id": "39612154", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-024-01567-4", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Comorbidity, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39612154\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Meta-Analysis,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3157, "title": "Synergistic Behavioral and Neuroplastic Effects of Psilocybin-NMDAR Modulator Administration", "normalized_title": "synergistic behavioral and neuroplastic effects of psilocybin nmdar modulator administration", "authors": "Ben-Tal T, Pogodin I, Botvinnik A, Lifschytz T, Heresco-Levy U, Lerer B.", "abstract": "The full therapeutic potential of serotonergic psychedelics (SP) in treating neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia, is limited by possible adverse effects, including perceptual disturbances and psychosis, which require administration in controlled clinical environments. This study investigates the synergistic benefits of combining psilocybin (PSIL) with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) modulators D-serine (DSER) and D-cycloserine (DCS) to enhance both efficacy and safety. Using ICR male mice, we examined head twitch response (HTR), MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion, and neuroplasticity related synaptic protein levels in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and striatum. Our results indicate that PSIL significantly increased HTR-a surrogate measure for hallucinogenic effects-which was reduced by the co-administration of DSER or DCS in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, combining PSIL with DSER or DCS significantly decreased MK-801-induced hyperactivity, modeling antipsychotic effects. Neuroplasticity-related synaptic protein assays demonstrated that the PSIL-DSER combination enhanced GAP43 expression over all 4 brain examined and overall expression of the 4 assayed synaptic proteins in the hippocampus, while PSIL-DCS elevated PSD95 levels across all 4 brain regions, suggesting a synaptogenic synergy. These findings support the hypothesis that combinations of SP with NMDAR modulators could optimize the therapeutic potential of SP by mitigating adverse effects and enhancing neuroplasticity. Future studies should focus on refining administration protocols and evaluating translational applicability for broader clinical use.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-11-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.11.28.625811", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.11.28.625811", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR947201\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 811, "title": "Reconsidering evidence for psychedelic-induced psychosis: an overview of reviews, a systematic review, and meta-analysis of human studies.", "normalized_title": "reconsidering evidence for psychedelic induced psychosis an overview of reviews a systematic review and meta analysis of human studies", "authors": "Sabé M, Sulstarova A, Glangetas A, De Pieri M, Mallet L, Curtis L, Richard-Lepouriel H, Penzenstadler L, Seragnoli F, Thorens G, Zullino D, Preller K, Böge K, Leucht S, Correll CU, Solmi M, Kaiser S, Kirschner M.", "abstract": "BackgroundPersons with schizophrenia are excluded from psychedelic-assisted therapy due to concerns about the risk of triggering or worsening psychosis. However, there is limited meta-analytic data on the risk of psychedelic-induced psychosis in individuals with pre-existing psychotic disorders.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review, meta-analysis, and overview of reviews to assess the incidence of psychedelic-induced psychosis and symptom exacerbation in schizophrenia. Our pre-registered protocol (CRD42023399591) covered: LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, DMT, and MDMA, using data from Embase, PubMed, PsyARTICLES, PsyINFO, and trial registries up to November 2023. A random-effects model was used to calculate psychosis incidence, with standardized assessments of study quality.ResultsFrom 131 publications, we analyzed 14 systematic reviews, 20 reviews, 35 randomized-controlled trials (RCTs), 10 case-control studies, 30 uncontrolled trials (UCTs), and 22 cohort studies, most of which were low quality. Meta-analysis of nine studies showed an incidence of psychedelic-induced psychosis at 0.002% in population studies, 0.2% in UCTs, and 0.6% in RCTs. In UCTs including individuals with schizophrenia, 3.8% developed long-lasting psychotic symptoms. Of those with psychedelic-induced psychosis, 13.1% later developed schizophrenia. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the results.ConclusionIn summary, the reviewed evidence suggests that schizophrenia might not be a definite exclusion criterion for clinical trials exploring safety and efficacy of psychedelics for treatment-resistant depression and negative symptoms. However, given the low quality and limited number of studies, more high-quality research is needed, and a conservative approach is recommended until further data is available.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-024-02800-5", "pubmed_id": "39592825", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02800-5", "keywords": "Humans, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39592825\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3512, "title": "A Phase 2a Safety and Feasibility Study Evaluating Psilocybin (TRP-8802) Administration in Concert With Psychotherapy in the Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder", "normalized_title": "a phase 2a safety and feasibility study evaluating psilocybin trp 8802 administration in concert with psychotherapy in the treatment of binge eating disorder", "authors": "TRYP Therapeutics", "abstract": "To better understand the potential benefits of psychedelics in overeating disorders, Tryp Therapeutics will conduct a safety and feasibility clinical trial using TRP8802 among individuals with Binge Eating Disorder. This is a single-center phase 2a open-label study to assess the safety and feasibility of a single dose of TRP8802 in subjects with BED. Subjects will undergo screening, preparation therapy sessions, dosing, integration therapy sessions, and follow-up for 12 weeks following the dose of TRP8802. The total participation in the study will be up to approximately 5 months. Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder and is associated with obesity and psychiatric comorbidities, including depression, and impulsive and compulsive disorders. Binge eating disorder is marked by severe disturbance to a person's control over their eating behaviors and high anxiety around food. Various programs using psilocybin paired with psychotherapy have shown positive effects in treating a variety of psychiatric and behavioral conditions, including cancer-related psychiatric distress, anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, and nicotine and alcohol addiction. Based on clinical precedents, relevant neuropharmacology, and mechanistic similarities, psilocybin is theorized to have the potential to be part of the treatment of overeating disorders. TRP-8802 could accomplish this by moderating overall anxiety, anxiety around food, perseveration, and repetitive and intrusive thoughts about food in people with BED. The primary objective of this study is to: 1\\. Assess the safety of a single dose of TRP8802 in participants with binge eating disorder (BED) during the TRP8802 dosing session, and through 12 weeks following dosing (i.e., Week 14).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-11-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05035927", "keywords": "Binge Eating Disorder, TRYP-0082, Psilocybin, Psychotherapy, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05035927\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 794, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Bipolar II Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression in bipolar ii disorder", "authors": "Shakila Meshkat, Erica Kaczmarek, Zoe Doyle, Ryan M. Brudner, Fabiano A. Gomes, Marc G. Blainey, Geneva Weiglein, Roger S McIntyre, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Joshua D. Rosenblat", "abstract": "Background: Bipolar II disorder (BD-II) is often associated with chronic and treatment resistant major depressive episodes. Psilocybin has shown promise for its rapid-acting antidepressant effects, though its impact on bipolar depression remains unexplored. In the present subgroup analysis of an already published trial on treatment-resistant depression (TRD), we aimed to preliminarily evaluate the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in patients with BD-II. Methods: Adults with TRD associated with BD-II, excluding those with psychosis were included. Participants underwent one or two psilocybin sessions, each with a dose of 25 mg, along with preparatory and integrative psychotherapy sessions. Results: A total of four participants with a mean age of 37.5 ± 4.15 years were included. At baseline, the mean Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score was 32.5 (95% CI: 26.3-38.7, SD = 3.87). By week 2 post-dose, mean MADRS decreased to 20.3, and 2 weeks after dose 2, it further dropped to 19. At the end of the 6-month study, the mean MADRS score was 21.3. Young Mania Rating Scale scores remained stable at a mean of one throughout the study with no evidence of treatment emergent mania, hypomania or psychosis observed in any participants. Conclusions: These findings suggest potential improvement in depressive symptoms with psilocybin administration in BD-II. Future studies with larger sample size are required to replicate our results and further evaluate antidepressant effects of psilocybin in bipolar depression.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2024-11-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2024.0032", "pubmed_id": "40337756", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2024.0032", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Bipolar disorder, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Lithium (medication), Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Bipolar Disorder and Treatment, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404460385\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404460385\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":8,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210998119\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294953492\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311439362\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311688634\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316340089\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386961159\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391069738\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393364883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399215777\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000765029\",\"display_name\":\"Fabiano A. Gomes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7690-1580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114681119\",\"display_name\":\"Geneva Weiglein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111237412\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S McIntyre\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032613018\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Mansur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2024.0032\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404460385" }, { "id": 4521, "title": "Psilocybin Fungi Unveiled: Morphological Characteristics and Pharmacological Potentials", "normalized_title": "psilocybin fungi unveiled morphological characteristics and pharmacological potentials", "authors": "Raj Nashikkar, Kavita Mane, Rajendra Patil", "abstract": "Abstract: Psilocybin mushrooms, also known as \"magic mushrooms,\" have garnered significant attention for their psychoactive properties and potential therapeutic applications. This review explores the comprehensive morphology, pharmacognostic properties, and pharmacological activities of psilocybin-producing fungi. The unique morphological characteristics of these mushrooms, including their microscopic structure and macroscopic features, contribute to their identification and classification within various Psilocybe species. The pharmacognostic analysis delves into the identification, sourcing, and quality control of these fungi, essential for therapeutic and research applications. Moreover, the pharmacological profile of psilocybin, the primary bioactive compound, is discussed in detail, highlighting its mechanism of action, therapeutic potential in mental health treatments, and effects on the central nervous system. With an increasing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in managing depression, anxiety, and other mental health disorders, this paper provides a foundational understanding for future research and clinical applications. Ultimately, this review aims to bridge the gap between traditional knowledge and modern scientific insights, contributing to the broader understanding of psilocybin mushrooms' potential as therapeutic agents.", "journal": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "publication_date": "2024-11-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.22214/ijraset.2024.65160", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.65160", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Biology, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404448166\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404448166\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106359026\",\"display_name\":\"Raj Nashikkar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Kavita Mane\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108539397\",\"display_name\":\"Rajendra Patil\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764566388\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.65160\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404448166" }, { "id": 958, "title": "Knowledge, attitudes, and concerns about psilocybin and MDMA as novel therapies among U.S. healthcare professionals", "normalized_title": "knowledge attitudes and concerns about psilocybin and mdma as novel therapies among u s healthcare professionals", "authors": "Erin Y. Wang, David S. Mathai, Natalie Gukasyan, Sandeep M. Nayak, Albert Garcia-Romeu", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) with substances like psilocybin and MDMA has shown promise for conditions including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psilocybin and MDMA may become approved medicines in the coming decade. This study assessed knowledge and attitudes regarding PAT among 879 U.S. healthcare professionals via anonymous online survey. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify predictors of openness to clinical use. Most participants (71.2%) were female and White (85.8%), with a mean (SD) age of 45.5 (12.7) years. Registered nurses (25.4%) and physicians (17.7%) comprised the largest professional groups. Respondents endorsed strong belief in therapeutic promise, and moderate openness to clinical use and support for legal access to both substances, with higher overall ratings for psilocybin compared to MDMA. Objective knowledge items revealed low knowledge of therapeutic uses, risks, and pharmacology. Primary concerns were lack of trained providers, financial cost, and potential contraindications. Prior psychedelic use, self-rated knowledge, younger age, and professional role predicted openness to clinical use of psilocybin and MDMA, with physicians reporting lower openness. As psychedelics continue to garner popular and scientific interest, results indicate a pressing need for additional formal training to provide balanced, evidence-based information from trusted sources.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-11-13", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-78736-1", "pubmed_id": "39543323", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78736-1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MDMA, Openness to experience, Hallucinogen, Health care, Medicine, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Social psychology, Economic growth, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404374254\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404374254\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":18,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1810864195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018057120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026781905\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090826913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912723046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027946860\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116749687\",\"https://openalex.org/W3132728164\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133542189\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171671394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191608162\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193605940\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195045424\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197311089\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221070625\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281556927\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283329324\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285605468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286449579\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313855425\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321377299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378220014\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391527378\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399040580\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400279567\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055827580\",\"display_name\":\"Erin Y. Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1042-2541\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020492413\",\"display_name\":\"David S. Mathai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9972-601X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091708678\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-1644\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78736-1\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Pharmacology,Observational Study,Safety,Contraindications", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404374254" }, { "id": 970, "title": "Preliminary Evidence of Sleep Improvements Following Psilocybin Administration, and their Involvement in Antidepressant Therapeutic Action.", "normalized_title": "preliminary evidence of sleep improvements following psilocybin administration and their involvement in antidepressant therapeutic action", "authors": "Reid MJ, Kettner H, Blanken TF, Weiss B, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Purpose of the studyPsilocybin is a rapidly-emerging treatment for depression, yet its impact on sleep is not well understood. We sought to explore the literature on sleep and psilocybin use, and explore the topic using our own primary data.FindingsWhilst clinical trials demonstrate large depressive symptom improvements, the impact of psilocybin on sleep quality or insomnia symptoms, has not been directly studied. Using our own preliminary-data we demonstrated that both depressive-symptoms and sleep-disturbances decreased significantly following psilocybin use, though sleep improvements were smaller compared to depressive symptoms. More severe sleep-disturbances at baseline were linked to lower probability of depression remission, underscoring a potential interaction between sleep and psilocybin's efficacy. Addressing sleep disturbances could enhance therapeutic outcomes in psilocybin-assisted therapy and could lead to more effective, personalized treatment-strategies. Future research should focus on populations with sleep disorders, and on examining causal-pathways of sleep physiology's impact on psilocybin efficacy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-024-01539-8", "pubmed_id": "39532819", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-024-01539-8", "keywords": "Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Adult, Female, Male, Sleep Wake Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39532819\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3430, "title": "PAPR: Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy + Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) for Front-line Healthcare Provider COVID-19 Related Burnout", "normalized_title": "papr psilocybin assisted psychotherapy mindfulness based stress reduction mbsr for front line healthcare provider covid 19 related burnout", "authors": "University of Utah", "abstract": "This project is an open-label randomized study looking at an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) curriculum vs. an 8-week MBSR curriculum + a group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy intervention for frontline healthcare providers struggling with symptoms of depression and burnout associated with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Following consenting and enrollment a total of 24 participants will be randomized to receive either an 8-week MBSR curriculum or the same 8-week MBSR curriculum + a group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy intervention. The group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy intervention will involve 3 group preparatory sessions (2 hours each), a single 8 hour group psilocybin administration session with a 1:1 therapist to participant ratio (25mg psilocybin dose), and 3 group integration sessions (2 hours each).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-11-11", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05557643", "keywords": "Depression, Burnout, Professional, Psilocybin, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05557643\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 871, "title": "Structural insights into tryptamine psychedelics: The role of hydroxyl indole ring site in 5-HT2A receptor activation and psychedelic-like activity.", "normalized_title": "structural insights into tryptamine psychedelics the role of hydroxyl indole ring site in 5 ht2a receptor activation and psychedelic like activity", "authors": "Zhang M, Yang Y, Yang Z, Wen X, Zhang C, Xiao P, Wang Y, Sun J, Wang H, Wang X.", "abstract": "Recent advancements in the study of mushroom-derived tryptamines, particularly psilocybin and its metabolite psilocin, highlight their unique psychedelic properties and potential therapeutic applications, especially for mental health conditions like depression. This study examines how the position of the hydroxyl group on the indole ring affects the 5-HT2A receptor activity and psychedelic-like effects of psilocin analogs. Chemically synthesized psilocin (1) and its analogs bufotenine (2), 6-OH-DMT (3), and 7-OH-DMT (4) were assessed for 5-HT2A receptor agonistic activity using the Gαq-Gγ dissociation bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assay and for psychedelic-like effects through the head-twitch response assay. Results show that compounds with hydroxyl group at the 4th and 5th positions exhibit significantly higher 5-HT2A agonistic and psychedelic-like activities than those with hydroxyl group at the 6th and 7th positions. Funnel metadynamics simulations revealed that psilocin (1) and bufotenine (2) have lower binding free energies, correlating with experimental data. Analysis of the simulation trajectories reveals that the formation of a hydrogen bond with residue L229 is crucial for guiding psilocin (1) and bufotenine (2) into the 5-HT2AR binding site. In contrast, analogs 3 and 4, which lack this interaction, fail to be directed into the orthosteric site. Furthermore, psilocin (1) and bufotenine (2) establish a stable salt bridge and hydrogen bond with residue D155. These interactions are more stable compared to those formed by ligands 3 and 4, contributing to the latter's poor 5-HT2AR activities. These findings underscore the critical role of the hydroxyl group position on the indole ring in modulating 5-HT2A receptor activity and the corresponding psychedelic-like effects, offering valuable insights for the development of targeted therapeutics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-11", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.117049", "pubmed_id": "39541872", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.117049", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Tryptamines, Indoles, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Molecular Structure, Structure-Activity Relationship, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, HEK293 Cells, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39541872\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 925, "title": "Advances in Psychedelic Therapeutics: Novel Prodrugs and Derivatives for Enhanced Mental Health Treatment.", "normalized_title": "advances in psychedelic therapeutics novel prodrugs and derivatives for enhanced mental health treatment", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "Recent innovations in psychedelic research have led to the development of novel compounds designed to enhance the therapeutic potential of psilocin and related tryptamines. This Patent Highlight reviews three essential patents that focus on improving the stability, bioavailability, and efficacy of these compounds for treating mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. The compounds-4-pivaloyloxy-N-methyltryptammonium chloride, alkyl quaternary ammonium tryptamines, and 4-pivaloyloxy-N-methyltryptammonium derivatives-represent significant advancements in the field of psychedelic-assisted therapy. These innovations offer new hope for more reliable and effective treatments, particularly in addressing the limitations associated with traditional psychedelics. The findings from preclinical studies support the potential of these compounds to play a vital role in the treatment of mental and neurological disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00519", "pubmed_id": "39691516", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00519", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39691516\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 924, "title": "Advanced Delivery Systems and Novel Psilocin Derivatives for Enhanced Therapeutic Applications.", "normalized_title": "advanced delivery systems and novel psilocin derivatives for enhanced therapeutic applications", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "Psychedelic compounds, particularly psilocybin and psilocin, have shown significant therapeutic potential in treating neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, their bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and stability challenges have limited their clinical use. This Patent Highlight reviews recent innovations in psychedelic drug delivery systems and the development of psilocin analogs aimed at improving their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Three patents-focused on controlled-release delivery systems, ester analogs, and acetal/ketal derivatives-present novel approaches to enhancing the stability, bioavailability, and efficacy of psilocin and related compounds. These advancements promise more effective treatments for conditions such as depression, chronic pain, and neurodegenerative diseases.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00521", "pubmed_id": "39691529", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00521", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39691529\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3108, "title": "Long-term effects of psilocybin on dynamic and effectivity connectivity of fronto-striatal-thalamic circuits", "normalized_title": "long term effects of psilocybin on dynamic and effectivity connectivity of fronto striatal thalamic circuits", "authors": "Pasquini L, Vohryzek J, Escrichs A, Sanz Perl Y, Ponce-Alvarez A, Idesis S, Girn M, Roseman L, Mitchell JM, Gazzaley A, Kringelbach M, Nutt DJ, Lyons T, Carhart-Harris RL, Deco G.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has been shown to induce fast and sustained improvements in mental well-being across various populations, yet its long-term mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Initial evidence suggests that longitudinal functional and structural brain changes implicate fronto-striatal-thalamic (FST) circuitry, a broad system involved in goal-directed behavior and motivational states. Here, we apply empirical methods and computational modeling to resting-state fMRI data from a within-subject longitudinal psilocybin trial in psychedelic-naïve healthy volunteers. We first show increases in FST dynamic activity four weeks after a full dose of psilocybin. We then proceed to mechanistically account for these increased dynamics, by showing that reduced structural constraints underlie increased FST dynamic activity post psilocybin. Further, we show that these reduced structural constraints come along with increased bottom-up and reduced top-down modulation of FST circuits. While cortical reductions in top-down modulation are linked to regional 5-HT2A receptor availability, increased information outflow via subcortical and limbic regions relate to local D2 receptor availability. Together, these findings show that increased FST flexibility weeks after psilocybin administration is linked to serotonergic-mediated decreases in top-down information flow and dopaminergic-mediated increases in bottom-up information flow. This long-term functional re-organization of FST circuits may represent a common mechanism underling the potential clinical efficacy of psilocybin across various neuropsychiatric disorders including substance abuse, major depression, and anorexia. Significance Statement Fronto-striatal-thalamic systems, which underlie motivation and reward, go through profound functional and structural changes following psilocybin administration. We leveraged longitudinal fMRI data from a within-subject psilocybin trial in psychedelic-naïve healthy participants to show that psilocybin increases fronto-striatal-thalamic dynamic activity as well as flexibility four weeks after dosing. Computational modeling revealed that this increased flexibility is mechanistically caused by reduced structural constraints on functional dynamics. Further long-term changes included increased bottom-up and reduced top-down information flow mediated by the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. This long-term functional re-organization of fronto-striatal-thalamic circuits may reflect a common mechanism underlying clinical symptoms improvements across diagnostic groups, such as increased openness, improved well-being, and reductions in anhedonia, apathy, and substance craving.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-11-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.11.06.622302", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.11.06.622302", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR936542\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 962, "title": "Amid magic and menace: psychiatrists’ attitudes to psilocybin therapy", "normalized_title": "amid magic and menace psychiatrists attitudes to psilocybin therapy", "authors": "Andrew Gribben, T. R. JUN. BURKE, Colm Harrington, Amanda Husein, Kevin S. Murnane, Peter S. Hendricks, Katy Tobin, Jo-Hanna Ivers, Guillaume Thuery, Andrew Harkin, John R. Kelly", "abstract": "OBJECTIVES: Understanding variations in knowledge and attitudes of psychiatrists to psilocybin therapy is important for the collective discourse about the potential impact on clinical practice and public health in Ireland. METHODS: A28-item questionnaire was designed based on previous studies and distributed to psychiatrists in Ireland via online mailing lists and at in-person academic events. RESULTS: 151 psychiatrists completed the questionnaire (73.3% were under 40 years of age, 76.0% were trainees, and 49.0% were female). In the total sample, 81.5% agreed that psilocybin therapy shows promise in the treatment of psychiatric disorders and 86.8% supported funding research, 86.8% would be willing to refer a patient if it was licensed and indicated, and 78.1% would consider the treatment for themselves, if indicated. Conversely, 6.6% agreed that psilocybin therapy was unsafe even under medical supervision, and 21.9% thought it was potentially addictive. 15.9% of the total sample reported at least one concern including, lack of robust evidence, long-term effectiveness, superiority to current interventions, potential harmful effects, cost and accessibility, and impartiality. Less than half of respondents felt knowledgeable (40.0%) and 9.9% felt adequately prepared to participate in psilocybin therapy. Consultant psychiatrists trended towards less optimism for a potential role in bipolar depression and emotionally unstable personality disorder compared to trainee psychiatrists. CONCLUSION: Overall psychiatrists in Ireland held positive attitudes towards psilocybin therapy. However, there was a lack of knowledge evident. Addressing the knowledge gap and aligning with the best available evidence will be key if psychedelic therapy is to prevail in a clinical setting.", "journal": "Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine", "publication_date": "2024-11-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1017/ipm.2024.49", "pubmed_id": "39506378", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2024.49", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MAGIC (telescope), Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychoanalysis, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404152712\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404152712\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183972452\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197311089\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204295756\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215496863\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200408156\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221070625\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285605468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292136326\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310170729\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311448180\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312084004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319457565\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320507195\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321016287\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4376107756\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381739471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382894922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385581517\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386021334\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386824127\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388141328\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389071119\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390484931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390485012\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391617258\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396588878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4396634501\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398774731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398780811\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399323719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401512431\",\"https://openalex.org/W4401584843\",\"https://openalex.org/W6857871561\",\"https://openalex.org/W6869834578\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027012302\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Gribben\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102330353\",\"display_name\":\"T. R. JUN. BURKE\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044959285\",\"display_name\":\"Colm Harrington\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-3640\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114560873\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Husein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087345721\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin S. Murnane\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8143-0541\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004506349\",\"display_name\":\"Peter S. Hendricks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003017001\",\"display_name\":\"Katy Tobin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8537-3273\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072586287\",\"display_name\":\"Jo-Hanna Ivers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7723-8787\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055356301\",\"display_name\":\"Guillaume Thuery\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3391-5293\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007712662\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Harkin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9734-216X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S27105705\",\"source_display_name\":\"Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2024.49\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404152712" }, { "id": 370, "title": "Masking Influences: A Systematic Review of Placebo Control and Masking in Psychedelic Studies.", "normalized_title": "masking influences a systematic review of placebo control and masking in psychedelic studies", "authors": "Barstowe A, Kajonius PJ.", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy is becoming increasingly acknowledged as an effective therapeutic intervention for various psychiatric illnesses. However, the evaluation of masking success is rarely reported in trials. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate placebo-control and masking in studies exploring psychedelic-assisted therapy. Nine (k = 9) studies dating between January 2010 and March 2023 were retrieved using six databases, following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results show that almost 78% of the studies had, at best, \"poor\" masking success. At the same time, 60% of active placebo and 75% of inactive placebo studies showed large effect sizes. In other words, masking influences, including benign unmasking, cannot be excluded. We therefore conclude that efficacy of psilocybin, Ayahuasca, or LSD is only one of the possible interpretations of large, positive changes in symptomatology for patients suffering from, for example, alcohol use disorder, anxiety with or without life-threatening disease, anxiety and/or depression with life-threatening cancer, treatment-resistant depression or major depressive disorder. We recommend care be taken to increase successful masking procedures and discuss alternative treatment designs to better control for potential masking influences.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-11-05", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2024.2424272", "pubmed_id": "39503404", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2024.2424272", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Placebo Effect, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39503404\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 965, "title": "Enhanced visual contrast suppression during peak psilocybin effects: Psychophysical results from a pilot randomized controlled trial", "normalized_title": "enhanced visual contrast suppression during peak psilocybin effects psychophysical results from a pilot randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Link Swanson, Sophia Jungers, Ranji Varghese, Kathryn R. Cullen, Michael D. Evans, Jessica L. Nielson, Michael-Paul Schallmo", "abstract": "In visual perception, an effect known as surround suppression occurs wherein the apparent contrast of a center stimulus is reduced when it is presented within a higher-contrast surrounding stimulus. Many key aspects of visual perception involve surround suppression, yet the neuromodulatory processes involved remain unclear. Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic compound known for its robust effects on visual perception, particularly texture, color, object, and motion perception. We asked whether surround suppression is altered under peak effects of psilocybin. Using a contrast-matching task with different center-surround stimulus configurations, we measured surround suppression after 25 mg of psilocybin compared with placebo (100 mg niacin). Data on harms were collected, and no serious adverse events were reported. After taking psilocybin, participants (n = 6) reported stronger surround suppression of perceived contrast compared to placebo. Furthermore, we found that the intensity of subjective psychedelic visuals induced by psilocybin correlated positively with the magnitude of surround suppression. We note the potential relevance of our findings for the field of psychiatry, given that studies have demonstrated weakened visual surround suppression in both major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Our findings are thus relevant to understanding the visual effects of psilocybin, and the potential mechanisms of visual disruption in mental health disorders.", "journal": "Journal of Vision", "publication_date": "2024-11-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1167/jov.24.12.5", "pubmed_id": "39499526", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.24.12.5", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Contrast (vision), Randomized controlled trial, Psychology, Audiology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Physics, Optics, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": 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Swanson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3175-347X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093712112\",\"display_name\":\"Sophia Jungers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059740050\",\"display_name\":\"Ranji Varghese\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003393701\",\"display_name\":\"Kathryn R. Cullen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9631-3770\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000078211\",\"display_name\":\"Michael D. Evans\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-3993\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086634784\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica L. Nielson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3677-3959\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014000711\",\"display_name\":\"Michael-Paul Schallmo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-8607\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S137468011\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Vision\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.24.12.5\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Randomized Controlled Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404059935" }, { "id": 5670, "title": "Worsening suicidal ideation and prolonged adverse event following psilocybin administration in a clinical setting: case report and thematic analysis of one participant's experience", "normalized_title": "worsening suicidal ideation and prolonged adverse event following psilocybin administration in a clinical setting case report and thematic analysis of one participant s experience", "authors": "Mourad Wahba, Caroline Hayes, Maartje Kletter, R. Hamish McAllister-Williams", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin is being investigated as a treatment for a myriad of disorders, including treatment-resistant depression. The main focus has been on positive effects, with little attention paid to negative outcomes, especially in clinical settings. Quantitative methodology limits further exploration of such events and can also miss improvements not captured on rating scales. AIMS: To highlight potential adverse events of psilocybin and underline limits of quantitative methodology, calling for process evaluations alongside clinical trials. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case of a participant in a phase 2b clinical trial of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression who presented with increased suicidal ideation and a prolonged period of severely restricted eating following administration, leading to a period of destabilisation and a need for support. Despite the difficulties encountered and the participant's limited improvement on rating scales, she found the experience to have been helpful and led her to make changes to her life which she found beneficial. She described her experience in a written account to the authors. METHOD: The case was summarised and the written account was thematically analysed and synthesised into a logic model. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin could lead to temporary worsening of suicidal ideation and instigate prolonged adverse events that outlast its acute effects. Paradoxically, it could simultaneously lead to an improvement in functional outcomes which is not clear on depression rating scales. This calls for a qualitative exploration of serious adverse events and participant accounts to deepen our understanding of the psilocybin experience and its different outcomes.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2024-10-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2024.768", "pubmed_id": "39654264", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.768", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Suicidal ideation, Adverse effect, Psychology, Ideation, Thematic analysis, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Medical emergency, Pharmacology, Suicide prevention, Poison control, Qualitative research, Sociology, Cognitive science, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405215942\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405215942\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164816593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046037152\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194472989\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201103091\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220950644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300981180\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W6645210854\",\"https://openalex.org/W6844902461\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046681370\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline Hayes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-5262\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002318919\",\"display_name\":\"Maartje Kletter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5931-0976\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015102333\",\"display_name\":\"R. Hamish McAllister-Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-1834\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.768\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405215942" }, { "id": 4529, "title": "Psilocybin-unterstützte Psychotherapie reduziert Ängste und Depressionen", "normalized_title": "psilocybin unterstützte psychotherapie reduziert ängste und depressionen", "authors": "Lamia Özgör", "abstract": "", "journal": "InFo Hämatologie + Onkologie", "publication_date": "2024-10-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s15004-024-0785-9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s15004-024-0785-9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404556355\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404556355\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114726865\",\"display_name\":\"Lamia Özgör\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210224164\",\"source_display_name\":\"InFo Hämatologie + Onkologie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15004-024-0785-9\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404556355" }, { "id": 971, "title": "Optimized psilocybin production in tryptophan catabolism-repressed fungi", "normalized_title": "optimized psilocybin production in tryptophan catabolism repressed fungi", "authors": "Slavica Janevska, Sophie Weiser, Ying Huang, Jun Lin, Sandra Hoefgen, Katarina Jojić, Amelia E. Barber, Tim Schäfer, Janis Fricke, Dirk Hoffmeister, Lars Regestein, Vito Valiante, Johann E. Kufs", "abstract": "The high therapeutic potential of psilocybin, a prodrug of the psychotropic psilocin, holds great promise for the treatment of mental disorders such as therapy-refractory depression, alcohol use disorder and anorexia nervosa. Psilocybin has been designated a 'Breakthrough Therapy' by the US Food and Drug Administration, and therefore a sustainable production process must be established to meet future market demands. Here, we present the development of an in vivo psilocybin production chassis based on repression of l-tryptophan catabolism. We demonstrate the proof of principle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing the psilocybin biosynthetic genes. Deletion of the two aminotransferase genes ARO8/9 and the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase gene BNA2 yielded a fivefold increase of psilocybin titre. We transferred this knowledge to the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans and identified functional ARO8/9 orthologs involved in fungal l-tryptophan catabolism by genome mining and cross-complementation. The double deletion mutant of A. nidulans resulted in a 10-fold increased psilocybin production. Process optimization based on respiratory activity measurements led to a final psilocybin titre of 267 mg/L in batch cultures with a space-time-yield of 3.7 mg/L/h. These results demonstrate the suitability of our engineered A. nidulans to serve as a production strain for psilocybin and other tryptamine-derived pharmaceuticals.", "journal": "Microbial Biotechnology", "publication_date": "2024-10-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1111/1751-7915.70039", "pubmed_id": "39487767", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70039", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tryptamine, Aspergillus nidulans, Biochemistry, Mutant, Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Fermentation and Sensory Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404004370\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404004370\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":13,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970472075\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989488173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001818248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003418336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017519756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023735104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041715425\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044091494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063464385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081544371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096525273\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098081446\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103934714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126560275\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132926880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134308154\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134481201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142678478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161353663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513727910\",\"https://openalex.org/W2614081736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756290026\",\"https://openalex.org/W2786642143\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791252087\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903020581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980927199\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005235420\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011404710\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3034370603\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080857894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3121529757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3198192092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206824777\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247001379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283453909\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306177192\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310951880\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362662234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381309423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385197359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395467501\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069508473\",\"display_name\":\"Slavica Janevska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-495X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113089294\",\"display_name\":\"Sophie Weiser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024067728\",\"display_name\":\"Ying Huang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0923-6506\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100684205\",\"display_name\":\"Jun Lin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5152-6518\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085545646\",\"display_name\":\"Sandra Hoefgen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6806-7063\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073648261\",\"display_name\":\"Katarina Jojić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6089-2894\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011434859\",\"display_name\":\"Amelia E. Barber\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3399-1037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103994261\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Schäfer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046057419\",\"display_name\":\"Janis Fricke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-3185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083389508\",\"display_name\":\"Lars Regestein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-7171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023312761\",\"display_name\":\"Vito Valiante\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4405-169X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051657626\",\"display_name\":\"Johann E. Kufs\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-2255\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210238104\",\"source_display_name\":\"Microbial Biotechnology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70039\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Genomics", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404004370" }, { "id": 927, "title": "Worsening suicidal ideation and prolonged adverse event following psilocybin administration in a clinical setting: case report and thematic analysis of one participant's experience", "normalized_title": "worsening suicidal ideation and prolonged adverse event following psilocybin administration in a clinical setting case report and thematic analysis of one participant s experience", "authors": "Mourad Wahba, Caroline Hayes, Maartje Kletter, R. Hamish McAllister-Williams", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin is being investigated as a treatment for a myriad of disorders, including treatment-resistant depression. The main focus has been on positive effects, with little attention paid to negative outcomes, especially in clinical settings. Quantitative methodology limits further exploration of such events and can also miss improvements not captured on rating scales. AIMS: To highlight potential adverse events of psilocybin and underline limits of quantitative methodology, calling for process evaluations alongside clinical trials. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case of a participant in a phase 2b clinical trial of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression who presented with increased suicidal ideation and a prolonged period of severely restricted eating following administration, leading to a period of destabilisation and a need for support. Despite the difficulties encountered and the participant's limited improvement on rating scales, she found the experience to have been helpful and led her to make changes to her life which she found beneficial. She described her experience in a written account to the authors. METHOD: The case was summarised and the written account was thematically analysed and synthesised into a logic model. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin could lead to temporary worsening of suicidal ideation and instigate prolonged adverse events that outlast its acute effects. Paradoxically, it could simultaneously lead to an improvement in functional outcomes which is not clear on depression rating scales. This calls for a qualitative exploration of serious adverse events and participant accounts to deepen our understanding of the psilocybin experience and its different outcomes.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2024-10-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.768", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Suicidal ideation, Adverse effect, Psychology, Ideation, Thematic analysis, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Medical emergency, Pharmacology, Suicide prevention, Poison control, Qualitative research, Sociology, Cognitive science, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405215942\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405215942\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164816593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046037152\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194472989\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201103091\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220950644\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300981180\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W6645210854\",\"https://openalex.org/W6844902461\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046681370\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline Hayes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-5262\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002318919\",\"display_name\":\"Maartje Kletter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5931-0976\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015102333\",\"display_name\":\"R. Hamish McAllister-Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-1834\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.768\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7139416359" }, { "id": 371, "title": "Psilocybin for major depressive disorder: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for major depressive disorder an updated systematic review and meta analysis of randomized clinical trials", "authors": "Sepehr Aghajanian, Arman Shafiee, Samira Parvizi Omran, Aida Rezaei Nejad, Kyana Jafarabady, Omid Kohandel Gargari, Shahryar Rajai Firouzabadi, Ida Mohammadi, Touran Bahrami Babaheidari, Mahmood Bakhtiyari", "abstract": "Background: Due to the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of current antidepressants, research has been launched into alternative treatment approaches, such as the administration of psychedelics. Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, has been shown to exert considerable positive influence on depression symptoms through its serotonergic and glutamatergic effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of psilocybin in treating depression. Methods: A comprehensive search of Medline (via PubMed) and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Inclusion criteria were applied to select studies that investigated the therapeutic impact of psilocybin on depression. A mixed-effects multi-level model was used to estimate the overall effect size. Effectiveness over time was also investigated as a secondary analysis. Results: The results of the primary analysis revealed a large and clinically observable reduction (SMC: −1.24, 95%CI: −1.83 to −0.65, I2 level2 = 11.39%, I2 level3 = 77.67%) of depressive symptomatology in patients receiving psilocybin in addition to supportive therapy compared to baseline measurements. The decrease was also marked when compared to placebo ( p -value = 0.032). The results remained significant even when a secondary analysis assessed the effect in various time intervals since the administration of psilocybin. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis substantiate the claim that psilocybin is superior in treating depression compared to established psychotherapy alone used for treating depression. This finding warrants further studies with larger sample sizes and across a longer timeframe.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-10-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241287542", "pubmed_id": "39480198", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241287542", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Meta-analysis, Placebo, Cochrane Library, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Serotonergic, Medicine, Systematic review, Psychology, MEDLINE, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Alternative medicine, Serotonin, Economics, Law, Political science, Pathology, Macroeconomics, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403943147\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1980910164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014381681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048303608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088928458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139168999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153403353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161374186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2223813100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2273917694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992679405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001030361\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282931386\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366089680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382360440\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387516067\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076558683\",\"display_name\":\"Sepehr Aghajanian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-0138\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057425365\",\"display_name\":\"Arman Shafiee\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1941-4399\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108956010\",\"display_name\":\"Samira Parvizi Omran\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056414839\",\"display_name\":\"Aida Rezaei Nejad\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7737-7824\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034353654\",\"display_name\":\"Kyana Jafarabady\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005668391\",\"display_name\":\"Omid Kohandel Gargari\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-0582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093084614\",\"display_name\":\"Shahryar Rajai Firouzabadi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-4103\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010234694\",\"display_name\":\"Ida Mohammadi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0662-0329\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050431840\",\"display_name\":\"Touran Bahrami Babaheidari\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-5597\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060173628\",\"display_name\":\"Mahmood Bakhtiyari\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241287542\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403943147" }, { "id": 3644, "title": "Psilocybin vs Escitalopram for Major Depressive Disorder: Comparative Mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin vs escitalopram for major depressive disorder comparative mechanisms", "authors": "Imperial College London", "abstract": "This is a randomised double-blind clinical trial. The aim is to compare the efficacy and mechanisms of action of psilocybin, the primary psychoactive substance in 'magic mushrooms', with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram for major depressive disorder (MDD).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-10-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03429075", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Major, Psilocybin + Placebo, Psilocybin + Escitalopram, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03429075\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 839, "title": "Substrate recognition by the 4-hydroxytryptamine kinase PsiK in psilocybin biosynthesis", "normalized_title": "substrate recognition by the 4 hydroxytryptamine kinase psik in psilocybin biosynthesis", "authors": "Kai Rogge, Tobias Wagner, Dirk Hoffmeister, Bernhard Rupp, Sebastiaan Werten", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the natural hallucinogen from Psilocybe (magic) mushrooms, is a highly promising drug candidate for the treatment of depression and several other mental health conditions. Biosynthesis of psilocybin from the amino acid l-tryptophan involves four strictly sequential modifications. The third of these, ATP-dependent phosphorylation of the intermediate 4-hydroxytryptamine, is catalysed by PsiK. Here we present a crystallographic analysis and a structure-based mutagenesis study of this kinase, providing insight into its mode of substrate recognition. The results of our work will support future bioengineering efforts aimed at generating variants of psilocybin with enhanced therapeutic properties.", "journal": "FEBS Letters", "publication_date": "2024-10-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1002/1873-3468.15042", "pubmed_id": "39449146", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.15042", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Biochemistry, Kinase, Biosynthesis, Hallucinogen, Mutagenesis, Chemistry, Phosphorylation, Enzyme, Biology, Pharmacology, Gene, Mutation, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Phenothiazines and Benzothiazines Synthesis and Activities", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403779143\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403779143\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1506664007\",\"https://openalex.org/W1881469793\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978558133\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992945955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014808835\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035503835\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038840577\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108921801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124026197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139669250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147874841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163341755\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988070888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999478951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003287532\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133617718\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164319372\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177828909\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211795435\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213193950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225114051\",\"https://openalex.org/W4248872320\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280616839\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282922306\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308053113\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366220780\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381309423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393270574\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075430333\",\"display_name\":\"Kai Rogge\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6870-9488\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103275425\",\"display_name\":\"Tobias Wagner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-279X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068638612\",\"display_name\":\"Bernhard Rupp\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-6965\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006133654\",\"display_name\":\"Sebastiaan Werten\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-9688\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S104830714\",\"source_display_name\":\"FEBS Letters\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.15042\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403779143" }, { "id": 3098, "title": "The serotonin 1B receptor is required for some of the behavioral effects of psilocybin in mice", "normalized_title": "the serotonin 1b receptor is required for some of the behavioral effects of psilocybin in mice", "authors": "Fleury S, Nautiyal KM.", "abstract": "Recent studies highlight the promising use of psychedelic therapies for psychiatric disorders, including depression. The persisting clinical effects of psychedelics such as psilocybin are commonly attributed to activation of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) based on its role in the acute hallucinatory effects. However, the active metabolite of psilocybin binds to many serotonin receptor subtypes, including the serotonin 1B receptor (5-HT1BR). Given the known role of 5-HT1BR in mediating depressive phenotypes and promoting neural plasticity, we hypothesized that it mediates the effects of psilocybin on neural activity and behavior. We first examined the acute neural response to psilocybin in mice lacking 5-HT1BR. We found that 5-HT1BR expression influenced brain-wide activity following psilocybin administration, measured by differences in the patterns of the immediate early gene c-Fos, across regions involved in emotional processing and cognitive function, including the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. Functionally, we demonstrated that 5-HT1BR mediates some of the acute and persisting behavioral effects of psilocybin. Although there was no effect of 5-HT1BR expression on the acute head twitch response, mice lacking 5-HT1BRs had attenuated hypolocomotion to psilocybin. We also measured the persisting effects of psilocybin on anhedonia and anxiety-like behavior using transgenic and pharmacological 5-HT1BR loss-of-function models and found that 5-HT1B is involved in mediating the decreased anhedonia and reduced anxiety-like behavior. Finally, using a network analysis, we identified neural circuits through which 5-H1BR may modulate the response to psilocybin. Overall, our research implicates the 5-HT1BR, a non-hallucinogenic serotonin receptor, as a mediator of the behavioral and neural effects of psilocybin in mice.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-10-20", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.10.18.618582", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.10.18.618582", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR928116\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 937, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted neurofeedback for the improvement of executive functions: a randomized semi-naturalistic-lab feasibility study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted neurofeedback for the improvement of executive functions a randomized semi naturalistic lab feasibility study", "authors": "Stefanie Enriquez-Geppert, Jaroslav Krc, Fiachra O'Higgins, Morten Peter Lietz", "abstract": "Executive function deficits, common in psychiatric disorders, hinder daily activities and may be linked to diminished neural plasticity, affecting treatment and training responsiveness. In this pioneering study, we evaluated the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin-assisted frontal-midline theta neurofeedback (NF), a neuromodulation technique leveraging neuroplasticity, to improve executive functions (EFs). Thirty-seven eligible participants were randomized into an experimental group ( n = 18) and a passive control group ( n = 19). The experimental group underwent three microdose sessions and then three psilocybin-assisted NF sessions, without requiring psychological support, demonstrating the approach’s feasibility. NF learning showed a statistical trend for increases in frontal-midline theta from session to session with a large effect size and non-significant but medium effect size dynamical changes within sessions. Placebo effects were consistent across groups, with no tasks-based EF improvements, but significant self-reported gains in daily EFs-working memory, shifting, monitoring and inhibition-showing medium and high effect sizes. The experimental group’s significant gains in their key training goals underscored the approach’s external relevance. A thorough study with regular sessions and an active control group is crucial to evaluate EFs improvement and their specificity in future. Psilocybin-enhanced NF could offer significant, lasting benefits across diagnoses, improving daily functioning. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Neurofeedback: new territories and neurocognitive mechanisms of endogenous neuromodulation’.", "journal": "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences", "publication_date": "2024-10-20", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1098/rstb.2023.0095", "pubmed_id": "39428872", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2023.0095", "keywords": "Neurofeedback, Psychology, Neurocognitive, Psilocybin, Neuroplasticity, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Neuroscience, Electroencephalography, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": 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s://openalex.org/A5079573410\",\"display_name\":\"Stefanie Enriquez-Geppert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-0111\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093050979\",\"display_name\":\"Jaroslav Krc\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060008089\",\"display_name\":\"Fiachra O'Higgins\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019827939\",\"display_name\":\"Morten Peter Lietz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0629-3698\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S91660768\",\"source_display_name\":\"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2023.0095\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Microdosing", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403615858" }, { "id": 3784, "title": "Aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to greater insight and improved psychological outcomes.", "normalized_title": "aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to greater insight and improved psychological outcomes", "authors": "Hooper J, Gyongyosi E, Hutchison K, Mueller R.", "abstract": "Objective: The aesthetic qualities of psychedelic experiences have long been documented, but their specific contribution to therapeutic outcomes remains unexplored. This study investigates the role of psychedelic-induced aesthetic experiences in predicting positive psychological outcomes. Methods: Using a cross-sectional naturalistic survey, participants who had recently used classic psychedelics such as psilocybin, LSD, or DMT completed measures assessing their acute experiences, including the novel Psychedelic Aesthetic Experience Questionnaire (PAEQ), the Mystical Experience Questionnaire, the Emotional Breakthrough Inventory (EBI), and the Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Post-experience psychological outcomes were evaluated using the Psychological Insight Scale (PIS) and general outcome measures, such as depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Results: We found significant positive correlations and predictive relationships between aesthetic experiences and emotional breakthroughs, psychological insight, mystical experiences, and general outcomes, while negative correlations and predictions were observed between aesthetic quality and challenging experiences such as fear and paranoia. Conclusions: These findings suggest that aesthetic enhancements during psychedelic sessions are associated with positive emotional engagement and cognitive shifts, which contribute to lasting psychological benefits. The inverse relationship between aesthetic quality and challenging experiences highlights the potential of optimizing the aesthetic environment during psychedelic therapy to improve therapeutic outcomes.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-10-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/u9yeg_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/u9yeg_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:22", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1025057\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3453, "title": "Neurobiological Effects of Psilocybin in Treatment Resistant Bipolar Depression: An Emotional-Processing fMRI Pilot Study", "normalized_title": "neurobiological effects of psilocybin in treatment resistant bipolar depression an emotional processing fmri pilot study", "authors": "University Health Network, Toronto", "abstract": "This study is an open-label, single-arm, proof-of-concept study, wherein treatment resistant bipolar depression (TRBD) participants will receive one 25 mg dose of oral psilocybin accompanied by preparatory, monitoring, and integration psychotherapy sessions (psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, or PAP). Using fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging), the findings of this study will provide data on the neurobiological mechanism of psilocybin in TRBD. The primary objective is to understand the dynamic role of amygdala activity by evaluating the neurobiological effects of a single psychedelic dose (25 mg) of oral psilocybin in individuals with a moderate to severe major depressive episode and a primary diagnosis of Bipolar II Disorder, with 2 or more failed treatment trials (i.e., treatment resistant bipolar depression \\[TRBD\\]). Neurobiological effects will be determined by evaluating the association between post-treatment right amygdala activity during the facial affect task (determined by fMRI one day after the psilocybin dose) and antidepressant effects (determined by changes in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale \\[MADRS\\] scores over time, during the one-week period post-psilocybin dose). This is a single-arm, open-label clinical trial wherein all participants will receive the same study intervention. Hypothesis: Increased right amygdala activity on fMRI with emotional stimuli one day after psilocybin treatment will be associated with greater antidepressant effects in the one-week period post-treatment in individuals with TRBD. Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) spend a third of their lives in the midst of a depressive episode. BD is a severe and persistent mental illness with a lifetime prevalence of 2-3%. Bipolar depression remains a significant treatment challenge, with a paucity of evidence-based treatments. Only four pharmacological treatments for acute bipolar depression (cariprazine, olanzapine-fluoxetine combination, quetiapine, and lurasidone) are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Other medications often used for the treatment of BD are those primarily used to treat mania or psychosis (i.e., lithium; antipsychotics) or major depressive disorder (MDD) (i.e., antidepressants). Lamotrigine, which is recommended by international guidelines as a maintenance treatment for BD to prevent depressive recurrence, has limited efficacy for acute BD. Current medication options are also limited by adverse effects, including renal and thyroid impairment with long-term lithium therapy and weight gain and metabolic abnormalities with atypical antipsychotics. Furthermore, treatment outcomes remain poor, particularly for depressive episodes, with over one-third of patients failing to respond to two or more first-line treatments. Hence, there is a clear need for novel and efficacious treatments for BD. However, there is a limited understanding of the neurobiology of BD, which poses as a major barrier to identifying truly innovative treatments. Psilocybin is a chemical compound that naturally occurs in certain species of mushrooms, (for example, in the psilocybe genus, among others). It belongs to a class of drugs referred to as \"psychedelics\". Psilocybin is a tryptamine which is chemically similar to the neurotransmitter, serotonin, and the essential amino acid, tryptophan. It is considered a 5-hydroxytrptamineric (serotonergic) psychedelic along with other similar drugs such as dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid dieythamide (LSD). Psilocybin is a product for the pharmacologically active ingredient psilocin, which readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a potential partial agonist at serotonin 5HT2A and 5HT2c receptors in the brain. Typical effects of psilocybin include significantly altered states of consciousness, experienced through visual and auditory effects, changes in perception, distortions of time; and a range of effects including a sense of awe, novel perspectives, existential and personal insight, dramatically heightened empathy and feelings of compassion, strong emotions, and unitive experience. With proper screening and preparation, psilocybin has a safe physiological and psychological profile. Psilocybin is currently the preferred compound for use in clinical research involving 5-hydroxytrptaminergic psychedelics because it has a shorter duration of action and suffers from less notoriety and stigma than other similar drugs. Two recently completed clinical trials have assessed the effects of psilocybin on TRD in participants with BDII. The first study was a non-randomized controlled trial that demonstrated a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin with accompanying PAP led to a decrease in MADRS scores in all study participants (n=15) at the 3-week primary endpoint. The second study was a randomized controlled trial that included participants with both unipolar (n=27) and bipolar treatment-resistant depression (n=4), wherein all participants received at least one 25 mg dose of psilocybin with accompanying PAP (with the exception of one participant who dropped out of the study before receiving the study intervention). Participants had the opportunity to receive up to two additional 25 mg doses of psilocybin with accompanying PAP, if they were eligible to receive a repeat dose as per the study protocol. Both trials demonstrated that 25 mg of psilocybin resulted in a decrease of depressive symptoms in participants with treatment-resistant bipolar depression, without increased incidence of manic or hypomanic symptoms. Beyond the clinical benefits observed, psilocybin has provided several new insights into the neurobiology of depression, with dozens of additional, ongoing mechanistic studies underway. Neuroimaging studies evaluating the effects of psilocybin in treatment-resistant (unipolar) depression (TRD) have provided surprising neurobiological insights that have called into question several assumptions of mood disorders. In an open-label TRD trial evaluating the antidepressant and neurobiological effects of psilocybin, increased activity of the right amygdala was observed in response to fearful and happy faces post-treatment. Psilocybin's antidepressant effects were associated with increased right amygdala responses to negative emotional stimuli, an opposite effect to previous findings with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Wherein SSRIs mitigate negative emotions, psilocybin might allow patients to feel, confront and work through them. These findings also suggest that neurobiological targets and mechanisms required to alleviate TRD, may be different from non-resistant depression, where SSRIs are often effective by reducing amygdala response to negative stimuli. Notably, the impact of psilocybin on amygdala function varies inter-individually depending on baseline mood state. More specifically, in healthy volunteers, psilocybin has been shown to decrease amygdala response to emotional stimuli, whereas in TRD, psilocybin was associated with increased amygdala response. Evaluating the effects of psilocybin in TRBD may improve the investigator's understanding of the neurobiology of bipolar depression by dynamically evaluating altered amygdala function and associated changes in depressive symptoms over time.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-10-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06506019", "keywords": "Bipolar Depression, Psilocybin, Functional MRI, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06506019\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3320, "title": "Aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to greater insight and improved psychological outcomes.", "normalized_title": "aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to greater insight and improved psychological outcomes", "authors": "Hooper J, Gyongyosi E, Hutchison K, Mueller R.", "abstract": "Objective: The aesthetic qualities of psychedelic experiences have long been documented, but their specific contribution to therapeutic outcomes remains unexplored. This study investigates the role of psychedelic-induced aesthetic experiences in predicting positive psychological outcomes. Methods: Using a cross-sectional naturalistic survey, participants who had recently used classic psychedelics such as psilocybin, LSD, or DMT completed measures assessing their acute experiences, including the novel Psychedelic Aesthetic Experience Questionnaire (PAEQ), the Mystical Experience Questionnaire, the Emotional Breakthrough Inventory (EBI), and the Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Post-experience psychological outcomes were evaluated using the Psychological Insight Scale (PIS) and general outcome measures, such as depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Results: We found significant positive correlations and predictive relationships between aesthetic experiences and emotional breakthroughs, psychological insight, mystical experiences, and general outcomes, while negative correlations and predictions were observed between aesthetic quality and challenging experiences such as fear and paranoia. Conclusions: These findings suggest that aesthetic enhancements during psychedelic sessions are associated with positive emotional engagement and cognitive shifts, which contribute to lasting psychological benefits. The inverse relationship between aesthetic quality and challenging experiences highlights the potential of optimizing the aesthetic environment during psychedelic therapy to improve therapeutic outcomes.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-10-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/u9yeg", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/u9yeg", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR927055\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3319, "title": "Aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to greater insight and improved psychological outcomes.", "normalized_title": "aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to greater insight and improved psychological outcomes", "authors": "", "abstract": "Objective: The aesthetic qualities of psychedelic experiences have long been documented, but their specific contribution to therapeutic outcomes remains unexplored. This study investigates the role of psychedelic-induced aesthetic experiences in predicting positive psychological outcomes. Methods: Using a cross-sectional naturalistic survey, participants who had recently used classic psychedelics such as psilocybin, LSD, or DMT completed measures assessing their acute experiences, including the novel Psychedelic Aesthetic Experience Questionnaire (PAEQ), the Mystical Experience Questionnaire, the Emotional Breakthrough Inventory (EBI), and the Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Post-experience psychological outcomes were evaluated using the Psychological Insight Scale (PIS) and general outcome measures, such as depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Results: We found significant positive correlations and predictive relationships between aesthetic experiences and emotional breakthroughs, psychological insight, mystical experiences, and general outcomes, while negative correlations and predictions were observed between aesthetic quality and challenging experiences such as fear and paranoia. Conclusions: These findings suggest that aesthetic enhancements during psychedelic sessions are associated with positive emotional engagement and cognitive shifts, which contribute to lasting psychological benefits. The inverse relationship between aesthetic quality and challenging experiences highlights the potential of optimizing the aesthetic environment during psychedelic therapy to improve therapeutic outcomes.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-10-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/u9yeg_v1", "keywords": "aesthetic experience, anxiety, depression, emotion, insight, mystical experience, neuroaesthetics, observational study, perception, psychedelics, psychological outcomes, psychometric, quality of life, self-report, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Emotion, Quantitative Methods, Psychometrics, Clinical Psychology, Assessment, Psychopharmacology, Cognitive Psychology, Imagery, Health Psychology, Mental Health", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"u9yeg_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 946, "title": "Psilocybin and the glutamatergic pathway: implications for the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and the glutamatergic pathway implications for the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases", "authors": "Szpręgiel I, Bysiek A.", "abstract": "In recent decades, psilocybin has gained attention as a potential drug for several mental disorders. Clinical and preclinical studies have provided evidence that psilocybin can be used as a fast-acting antidepressant. However, the exact mechanisms of action of psilocybin have not been clearly defined. Data show that psilocybin as an agonist of 5-HT2A receptors located in cortical pyramidal cells exerted a significant effect on glutamate (GLU) extracellular levels in both the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Increased GLU release from pyramidal cells in the prefrontal cortex results in increased activity of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons and, consequently, increased release of the GABA neurotransmitter. It seems that this mechanism appears to promote the antidepressant effects of psilocybin. By interacting with the glutamatergic pathway, psilocybin seems to participate also in the process of neuroplasticity. Therefore, the aim of this mini-review is to discuss the available literature data indicating the impact of psilocybin on glutamatergic neurotransmission and its therapeutic effects in the treatment of depression and other diseases of the nervous system.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-15", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s43440-024-00660-y", "pubmed_id": "39412581", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-024-00660-y", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Glutamic Acid, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Mental Disorders, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39412581\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 957, "title": "Expanding the Therapeutic Horizons of Psilocybin in Mental Health.", "normalized_title": "expanding the therapeutic horizons of psilocybin in mental health", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for mental health. This Patent Highlight explores the innovative approaches to harnessing psilocybin's potential across various contexts. These include clinical trials targeting severe psychiatric conditions, the integration of low-dose psilocybin into dietary products to promote general mental well-being, and the personalization of psilocybin dosing for optimal treatment of depression and anxiety. These advancements demonstrate psilocybin's versatility and potential to reshape conventional mental health treatment paradigms, mainly through personalized medicine and accessible wellness applications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-14", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00488", "pubmed_id": "39563826", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00488", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39563826\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 669, "title": "Characterization and Identification of an Antimicrobial Compound Psilocybin from Psychedelic Mushroom.", "normalized_title": "characterization and identification of an antimicrobial compound psilocybin from psychedelic mushroom", "authors": "Karthiyayini B, Kalyani NN, Gowdhami B, Muthuselvam M, Dharumadurai D.", "abstract": "The antimicrobial compound psilocybin possesses psychoactive properties with therapeutic applications. Psilocybin is the main component naturally present in psychedelic mushrooms and has been utilized in the treatment of depression and neurological disorders. In this study, psychedelic mushrooms were collected from Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu. They underwent solvent extraction using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Psilocybin, the primary compound, was extracted and evaluated. The extracted psilocybin was then assessed for antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal strains using the well diffusion method. Furthermore, HPTLC and LC-MS were employed for the identification of the psilocybin compound. The Rf values of psilocybin were found to be 0.73 and 0.77. Psilocybin inhibited the growth of bacterial and fungal pathogens including Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida tropicalis, and Trichophyton rubrum. The bacterial culture was inhibited at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 12.5 µg/mL, whereas fungal pathogens were inhibited at 6.25 µg/mL. Thus, the findings conclude that in addition to its psychoactive properties, psilocybin could be utilized to develop antimicrobial drugs in future studies with in vivo efficacy and toxicity assays.Graphical abstract", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s12088-024-01396-2", "pubmed_id": "40655360", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01396-2", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40655360\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 945, "title": "The impact of antidepressant discontinuation prior to treatment with psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "the impact of antidepressant discontinuation prior to treatment with psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Lindsey Marwood, Megan Croal, Sunil Mistry, Hollie Simmons, Joyce Tsai, Matthew B. Young, Guy M. Goodwin", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Psychiatric Research", "publication_date": "2024-10-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.009", "pubmed_id": "39427449", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.009", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Discontinuation, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychology, Anxiety, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403332337\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403332337\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W265240844\",\"https://openalex.org/W1599190429\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984605246\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021185951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032519777\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077315601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124291611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166325964\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2284048615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397862430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2893603688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913453568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2939418131\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112525124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127348774\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214898380\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220907301\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283718266\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391029878\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391286658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"https://openalex.org/W6609876192\",\"https://openalex.org/W6635607427\",\"https://openalex.org/W6678553313\",\"https://openalex.org/W6712397682\",\"https://openalex.org/W6853457002\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091177873\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-3190\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S160879026\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychiatric Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.009\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403332337" }, { "id": 4537, "title": "The therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of psilocybin-assisted therapy in anorexia nervosa treatment", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of psilocybin assisted therapy in anorexia nervosa treatment", "authors": "Hannah Douglass", "abstract": "Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious eating disorder (ED) with high rates of mortality and chronicity. Given the ambivalence towards engaging in treatment and recovery that is characteristic of this condition, the identification of novel treatment avenues that can target motivation and demonstrate superior efficacy to existing treatment options is desperately needed. Psilocybin-therapy has demonstrated efficacy in safely alleviating symptoms of multiple psychiatric conditions, primarily depressive disorders. Although indicated by psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of action, the efficacy of psilocybin-therapy in AN had not been investigated at the commencement of this PhD project. The study detailed in this thesis was a single-blind and within-subject feasibility study in which 21 adult female participants diagnosed with AN were administered with 1mg, 25mg, and 25mg psilocybin in a fixed-order design over a 6-week period, with a subsequent remote 12-month follow-up period. The first aim of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of this psilocybin-therapy protocol. The feasibility and safety of this treatment protocol was demonstrated. Efficacy in improving ED psychopathology and readiness and motivation to change up to the 12-month follow-up was also reported. The second aim of this thesis was to elucidate causal mechanisms of action of psilocybin-therapy in AN, specifically neuroplasticity and interoception. An electroencephalography (EEG) paradigm reported ED severity-dependent deficits in neuroplasticity at baseline and demonstrated trend-level enhancements in neuroplasticity after high-dose psilocybin. Increases in interoceptive sensibility (IS) were demonstrated via a self-report questionnaire, with trend-level improvements in interoceptive accuracy (iACC) reported via a cardioceptive behavioural task. Enhanced interoception was found to correlate with positive clinical outcomes. This thesis demonstrates the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of this psilocybin-therapy protocol to treat this cohort of adult females with AN. Using multimodal methodologies, potential causal mechanisms of enhanced neuroplasticity and interoception were indicated, warranting their further investigation.", "journal": "Open MIND", "publication_date": "2024-10-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.25560/118978", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/118978", "keywords": "Anorexia nervosa, Psychopathology, Neuroplasticity, Psychology, Interoception, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Disengagement theory, Medicine, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Behaviour therapy, Action (physics), Major depressive disorder, Eating disorders, Ambivalence, Exposure therapy, Affect (linguistics), Electroencephalography, Convalescence, Mindfulness, Prodrome, Anorexia, Bulimia nervosa, Neural correlates of consciousness, Neuropsychiatry, Endophenotype, Allostasis, Anxiety disorder, Psychological resilience, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Bipolar Disorder and Treatment", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166080670\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7166080670\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063975352\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah Douglass\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2768-8875\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4406922384\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open MIND\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/118978\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Eating Disorders,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Aging,Resilience,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7166080670" }, { "id": 4541, "title": "Does psilocybin reduce symptoms of depression in adults with major depressive disorder or life-threatening cancer?", "normalized_title": "does psilocybin reduce symptoms of depression in adults with major depressive disorder or life threatening cancer", "authors": "Morgan Justin, Kerry Watrin", "abstract": "", "journal": "Evidence-Based Practice", "publication_date": "2024-10-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1097/ebp.0000000000002281", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000002281", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Cancer, Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Psychology, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403272071\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403272071\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108181378\",\"display_name\":\"Morgan Justin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003206350\",\"display_name\":\"Kerry Watrin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-6331\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764556570\",\"source_display_name\":\"Evidence-Based Practice\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000002281\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403272071" }, { "id": 858, "title": "The association between study design and antidepressant effects in psychedelic-assisted therapy: A meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "the association between study design and antidepressant effects in psychedelic assisted therapy a meta analysis", "authors": "Li JR, Chiang KT, Kao YC, Yu CL, Yang FC, Liang CS, Hsu TW.", "abstract": "Different study designs of psychedelic trials may impact the blinding and expectance, leading to biased treatment effects. This study aimed to examine the association between antidepressant efficacy and study designs in psychedelic trials. Six databases were systematically searched. Eligible trials were required to investigate the efficacy of psychedelics (psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA], and ayahuasca) in adult patients with depressive symptoms. We only considered oral psychedelic-assisted therapy without concomitant use of antidepressants. The primary outcome was the change in depressive symptoms. There were five study designs of psychedelic trials, including non-active-drug-as-placebo, active-drug-as-placebo, waitlist-as-control, fixed-order, and pre-post designs. In non-active-drug -as-placebo design, psilocybin (k = 4, Hedges' g [g] = 0.87, 95 % confidence intervals[CIs] = 0.58 to 1.16) and MDMA (k = 2, g = 0.65, 95%CIs = 0.26 to 1.05) were associated with large and medium effect sizes, respectively. In active-drug-as-placebo design, both psilocybin (k = 2, g = 0.71, 95%CIs = -0.01 to 1.43) and MDMA (k = 3, g = 0.53, 95%CIs = -0.23 to 1.28) were not statistically significant. In pre-post single-arm (k = 3, g = 2.51, 95%CIs = 1.00 to 4.02) and waitlist-as-control (k = 1, g = 2.88, 95%CIs = 1.75 to 4.00) designs, psilocybin showed a large effect size of antidepressant effect. Ayahuasca also showed a large effect size in both pre-post (k = 2, g = 1.88, 95%CIs = 1.18 to 2.57) and non-active-drug-as-placebo (k = 1, g = 1.60, 95%CIs = 0.84 to 2.36) designs. LSD was associated with a significant antidepressant effect only in non-active-drug-as-placebo design (k = 1, g = 1.49, 95%CIs = 0.80 to 2.17) but not in active-drug-as-placebo design (k = 1, g = 0.44, 95%CIs = -0.90 to 1.78). The antidepressant effects of psychedelics may be overestimated in studies with pre-post single-arm, non-active-drugs-as placebo, and waitlist-control designs. Restricted sample size, difficulty with establishing blinding for participants, and over expectancy limit the estimation of the antidepressant effect of psychedelic-assisted therapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.10.016", "pubmed_id": "39389119", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.10.016", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Research Design, Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39389119\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3750, "title": "Qualitative Research on Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders: A Scoping Review Protocol", "normalized_title": "qualitative research on psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of mental health disorders a scoping review protocol", "authors": "Pincombe J, Williams M, Carruthers S, Rossell S.", "abstract": "IntroductionThere has been a surge in research into psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy over the past decade, with many studies indicating this may be an effective novel intervention for several mental health disorders. Researchers are increasingly incorporating qualitative analysis into their studies in recognition of the rich, contextual information this provides. This scoping review aims to identify the existing qualitative research on psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of mental health disorders, analyse trends in research questions and methods, and recognise opportunities for future qualitative research. Methods and AnalysisThe methodological guidelines set out in the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis (Aromataris et al., 2024) will be used to conduct the review. The review will include qualitative studies involving psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, administered in a controlled research setting, for the treatment of any mental health disorder. Microdosing studies will be excluded. PubMed, Scopus, PsycNET, and reference lists of included studies will be searched. Two reviewers will screen papers for inclusion. Data will be extracted into a table and findings will be presented in a narrative form. Relevant qualitative research will be identified, trends in the qualitative research questions and methods will be analysed, and opportunities for future qualitative research will be discussed.Ethics and DisseminationEthics approval is not required. Findings will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Key Words or PhrasesAnxiety, depression, psilocybin, psychedelic, qualitative.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-10-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/ga9p2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ga9p2", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:18", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR920660\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Microdosing,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3121, "title": "Qualitative Research on Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders: A Scoping Review Protocol", "normalized_title": "qualitative research on psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of mental health disorders a scoping review protocol", "authors": "", "abstract": "Introduction There has been a surge in research into psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy over the past decade, with many studies indicating this may be an effective novel intervention for several mental health disorders. Researchers are increasingly incorporating qualitative analysis into their studies in recognition of the rich, contextual information this provides. This scoping review aims to identify the existing qualitative research on psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of mental health disorders, analyse trends in research questions and methods, and recognise opportunities for future qualitative research. Methods and Analysis The methodological guidelines set out in the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis (Aromataris et al., 2024) will be used to conduct the review. The review will include qualitative studies involving psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, administered in a controlled research setting, for the treatment of any mental health disorder. Microdosing studies will be excluded. PubMed, Scopus, PsycNET, and reference lists of included studies will be searched. Two reviewers will screen papers for inclusion. Data will be extracted into a table and findings will be presented in a narrative form. Relevant qualitative research will be identified, trends in the qualitative research questions and methods will be analysed, and opportunities for future qualitative research will be discussed. Ethics and Dissemination Ethics approval is not required. Findings will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Key Words or Phrases Anxiety, depression, psilocybin, psychedelic, qualitative.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-10-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/ga9p2_v1", "keywords": "anxiety, depression, IPA, novel interventions, psilocybin, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, psychedelic, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, qualitative, scoping review, thematic analysis, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Social and Behavioral Sciences", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"ga9p2_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Microdosing,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 995, "title": "Meta-correlation of the effect of ketamine and psilocybin induced subjective effects on therapeutic outcome", "normalized_title": "meta correlation of the effect of ketamine and psilocybin induced subjective effects on therapeutic outcome", "authors": "Jack D. C. Dahan, David Dadiomov, Tijmen Bostoen, Albert Dahan", "abstract": "There is some evidence that the subjective effects of ketamine and other psychedelics like psilocybin are crucial for their therapeutic outcomes, such as treatment of depression or substance use disorder (SUD). We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review on the correlation of subjective symptoms and dissociation versus ketamine-induced therapeutic outcomes in patients with depression or SUD. A similar analysis was conducted for psilocybin-induced therapeutic improvement. We retrieved 23 papers studying ketamine (21 on depression, 2 on SUD) in 471 patients and 8 papers studying psilocybin (6 on depression, 2 on SUD) in 183 patients. Our study demonstrated a modest role for subjective effects mediating therapeutic outcomes, with R2 -values ranging from 5-10% for ketamine and for psilocybine the R2 was 24%. A greater mediating effect for psilocybin compared to ketamine was detected, particularly when restricting the analysis to depression. Additionally there is a greater mediating effect in SUD than depression, irrespective of treatment.", "journal": "npj Mental Health Research", "publication_date": "2024-10-05", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s44184-024-00091-w", "pubmed_id": "39369173", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44184-024-00091-w", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Ketamine, Therapeutic effect, Outcome (game theory), Correlation, Psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Mathematics, Geometry, Mathematical economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Treatment of Major Depression, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403151209\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403151209\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":13,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1976833049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996780673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003982930\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006861654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029975995\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045120122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071988309\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078153416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103255996\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108403304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113307128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116475791\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126602143\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138494388\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141217193\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157040702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2545381381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789244128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793350103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895197076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935676591\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946661342\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948106049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948816951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2961020354\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970659390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970684805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983463140\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995178539\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086471578\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108229983\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111975240\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117542960\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207608997\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206152634\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206951924\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212849374\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213019458\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220686675\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225993918\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283324512\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295605197\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295605431\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297478109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311883477\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387782495\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389891609\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391672475\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393932812\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399493487\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399887916\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110829877\",\"display_name\":\"Jack D. C. Dahan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087782225\",\"display_name\":\"David Dadiomov\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-3168\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022902859\",\"display_name\":\"Tijmen Bostoen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077603374\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Dahan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3161-3945\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387280515\",\"source_display_name\":\"npj Mental Health Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44184-024-00091-w\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403151209" }, { "id": 813, "title": "Exploring the biocatalysis of psilocybin and other tryptamines: Enzymatic pathways, synthetic strategies, and industrial implications.", "normalized_title": "exploring the biocatalysis of psilocybin and other tryptamines enzymatic pathways synthetic strategies and industrial implications", "authors": "Junges LH, Müller-Santos M.", "abstract": "Tryptamines play diverse roles as neurotransmitters and psychoactive compounds found in various organisms. Psilocybin, a notable tryptamine, has garnered attention for its therapeutic potential in treating mental health disorders like depression and anxiety. Despite its promising applications, current extraction methods for psilocybin are labor-intensive and economically limiting. We suggest biocatalysis as a sustainable alternative, leveraging enzymes to synthesize psilocybin and other tryptamines efficiently. By elucidating psilocybin biosynthesis pathways, researchers aim to advance synthetic methodologies and industrial applications. This review underscores the transformative potential of biocatalysis in enhancing our understanding of tryptamine biosynthesis and facilitating the production of high-purity psilocybin and other tryptamines for therapeutic and research use.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1002/btpr.3513", "pubmed_id": "39366919", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/btpr.3513", "keywords": "Humans, Tryptamines, Biocatalysis, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39366919\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4543, "title": "Does psilocybin really provide long-term relief from depression, as new study suggests?", "normalized_title": "does psilocybin really provide long term relief from depression as new study suggests", "authors": "Johan Lundberg, Guusje Haver", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-10-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.64628/ab.ywdthqf9c", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64628/ab.ywdthqf9c", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Term (time), Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Psychology, Neuroscience, Business, Psychiatry, Economics, Keynesian economics, Physics, Astronomy, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413541602\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4413541602\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101656775\",\"display_name\":\"Johan Lundberg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2379-8695\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5119418432\",\"display_name\":\"Guusje Haver\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.64628/ab.ywdthqf9c\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4413541602" }, { "id": 3332, "title": "From efficacy to effectiveness: evaluating psychedelic randomised controlled trials for trustworthy evidence-based policy and practice.", "normalized_title": "from efficacy to effectiveness evaluating psychedelic randomised controlled trials for trustworthy evidence based policy and practice", "authors": "Schenberg EE.", "abstract": "The recent review of a new drug application for MDMA-assisted therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder by the United States’ Food and Drug Administration (FDA) highlighted epistemological and methodological challenges for evidence assessments. Similar challenges will also be faced in reviews of other compounds in early- and late-stage development, like psilocybin for depression. The regulatory demand for two successful phase 3 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) seems problematic, given a current lack of agreement on what constitutes “success”, particularly when psychoactive drug administration is concomitant with (psycho)therapy. These complex arrangements challenge the internal validity of estimated average treatment effect through comparison with conventional control conditions. This paper reviews the assumptions behind RCTs’ current “gold-standard” status in the hierarchy of evidence-based medicine (EBM). Recapitulating known epistemic limits of randomisation and blinding, it emphasises the urgent need to avoid the extrapolation fallacy. The resulting argument is that the degree of trustworthiness that efficacy - reported in RCTs - will reliably predict effectiveness - in target populations outside RCTs - depends on what type of psychedelic treatments will be regulated. If “stand-alone” drugs for large scale prescription and consumption, trustworthiness should be graded low. On the other hand, for regulation of drug-assisted (psycho)therapies, the degree of trustworthiness can be considered high. The reason being that these two treatment approaches are based on different causal claims with distinct external validities. Therefore, careful assessment of support factors in each is recommended to prevent detrimental consequences, from potential rejection of effective therapies up to medical reversal of eventually approved drugs.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-09-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/uxhv7", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uxhv7", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR918774\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3330, "title": "From efficacy to effectiveness: evaluating psychedelic randomised controlled trials for trustworthy evidence-based policy and practice.", "normalized_title": "from efficacy to effectiveness evaluating psychedelic randomised controlled trials for trustworthy evidence based policy and practice", "authors": "Schenberg EE.", "abstract": "The recent review of a new drug application for MDMA-assisted therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder by the United States’ Food and Drug Administration (FDA) highlighted epistemological and methodological challenges for evidence assessments. Similar challenges will also be faced in reviews of other compounds in early- and late-stage development, like psilocybin for depression. The regulatory demand for two successful phase 3 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) seems problematic, given a current lack of agreement on what constitutes “success”, particularly when psychoactive drug administration is concomitant with (psycho)therapy. These complex arrangements challenge the internal validity of estimated average treatment effect through comparison with conventional control conditions. This paper reviews the assumptions behind RCTs’ current “gold-standard” status in the hierarchy of evidence-based medicine (EBM). Recapitulating known epistemic limits of randomisation and blinding, it emphasises the urgent need to avoid the extrapolation fallacy. The resulting argument is that the degree of trustworthiness that efficacy - reported in RCTs - will reliably predict effectiveness - in target populations outside RCTs - depends on what type of psychedelic treatments will be regulated. If “stand-alone” drugs for large scale prescription and consumption, trustworthiness should be graded low. On the other hand, for regulation of drug-assisted (psycho)therapies, the degree of trustworthiness can be considered high. The reason being that these two treatment approaches are based on different causal claims with distinct external validities. Therefore, careful assessment of support factors in each is recommended to prevent detrimental consequences, from potential rejection of effective therapies up to medical reversal of eventually approved drugs.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-09-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/uxhv7_v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uxhv7_v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR1004574\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 947, "title": "Impact of psilocybin on cognitive function: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "impact of psilocybin on cognitive function a systematic review", "authors": "Meshkat S, Tello-Gerez TJ, Gholaminezhad F, Dunkley BT, Reichelt AC, Erritzoe D, Vermetten E, Zhang Y, Greenshaw A, Burback L, Winkler O, Jetly R, Mayo LM, Bhat V.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic with demonstrated preliminary clinical efficacy in a range of psychiatric disorders. Evaluating the impact of psilocybin on cognitive function is essential to unravel its potential benefits and risks. In this systematic review, we assessed psilocybin's effect on cognitive function through a comprehensive search of electronic databases from inception to January 2024, identifying 20 articles involving 2,959 participants. While 85% of studies were conducted in healthy volunteers, most of these studies (85%) used macrodoses, ranging from 45 μg/kg to 30 mg/70 kg. Various cognitive aspects were evaluated and yielded mixed results. Global cognitive function, and processing speed remained mostly unchanged in healthy individuals; However, a limited number of studies reported improvements in certain areas such as sustained attention, working memory, and executive function especially in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Emotional processing was positively modified, particularly in TRD patients. Psilocybin was observed to enhance emotional empathy without significantly altering cognitive empathy and social cognition. Cognitive flexibility and creative cognition were noted to initially decline but could potentially improve over time. Additionally, with respect to learning and memory skills, psilocybin showed promise in improving specific memory types such as semantic associations and associative learning, while its effects on episodic and verbal memory have been less pronounced compared to other cognitive enhancers. The observed mixed findings underscore the complexity of psilocybin's cognitive influence. Further research is essential to provide a clearer understanding of psilocybin's impact on cognitive domains and to guide the development of safe and effective interventions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1111/pcn.13741", "pubmed_id": "39354706", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13741", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Cognition, Executive Function, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Cognitive Dysfunction", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39354706\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Creativity,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 751, "title": "From efficacy to effectiveness: evaluating psychedelic randomised controlled trials for trustworthy evidence-based policy and practice.", "normalized_title": "from efficacy to effectiveness evaluating psychedelic randomised controlled trials for trustworthy evidence based policy and practice", "authors": "", "abstract": "The recent review of a new drug application for MDMA-assisted therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder by the United States’ Food and Drug Administration (FDA) highlighted epistemological and methodological challenges for evidence assessments. Similar challenges will also be faced in reviews of other compounds in early- and late-stage development, like psilocybin for depression. The regulatory demand for two successful phase 3 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) seems problematic, given a current lack of agreement on what constitutes “success”, particularly when psychoactive drug administration is concomitant with (psycho)therapy. These complex arrangements challenge the internal validity of estimated average treatment effect through comparison with conventional control conditions. This paper reviews the assumptions behind RCTs’ current “gold-standard” status in the hierarchy of evidence-based medicine (EBM). Recapitulating known epistemic limits of randomisation and blinding, it emphasises the urgent need to avoid the extrapolation fallacy. The resulting argument is that the degree of trustworthiness that efficacy - reported in RCTs - will reliably predict effectiveness - in target populations outside RCTs - depends on what type of psychedelic treatments will be regulated. If “stand-alone” drugs for large scale prescription and consumption, trustworthiness should be graded low. On the other hand, for regulation of drug-assisted (psycho)therapies, the degree of trustworthiness can be considered high. The reason being that these two treatment approaches are based on different causal claims with distinct external validities. Therefore, careful assessment of support factors in each is recommended to prevent detrimental consequences, from potential rejection of effective therapies up to medical reversal of eventually approved drugs.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-09-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1002/prp2.70097", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/uxhv7_v1", "keywords": "bias, causal, EBM, EBM+, effectiveness, efficacy, evidence, extrapolation fallacy, mechanism, medical reversal, psychedelics, RCT, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Life Sciences, Theory and Philosophy of Science, Health Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"uxhv7_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1016, "title": "Psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time: computational modelling of behaviour in rats", "normalized_title": "psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time computational modelling of behaviour in rats", "authors": "Elizabeth L. Fisher, Ryan Smith, Kyna-Anne Conn, Andrew W. Corcoran, Laura K Milton, Jakob Hohwy, Claire J. Foldi", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise as a novel pharmacological intervention for treatment of depression, where post-acute effects of psilocybin treatment have been associated with increased positive mood and decreased pessimism. Although psilocybin is proving to be effective in clinical trials for treatment of psychiatric disorders, the information processing mechanisms affected by psilocybin are not well understood. Here, we fit active inference and reinforcement learning computational models to a novel two-armed bandit reversal learning task capable of capturing engagement behaviour in rats. The model revealed that after receiving psilocybin, rats achieve more rewards through increased task engagement, mediated by modification of forgetting rates and reduced loss aversion. These findings suggest that psilocybin may afford an optimism bias that arises through altered belief updating, with translational potential for clinical populations characterised by lack of optimism.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-09-29", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-024-03103-7", "pubmed_id": "39349428", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-024-03103-7", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Cognitive psychology, Psychotherapist, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402975017\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402975017\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":14,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1519457851\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951245330\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966037459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000576846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015005796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045833919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050383033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066463984\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070972521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080439366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080737120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083254456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096022216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113257799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113338864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117107695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129972322\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140308441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140641091\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147335186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152437364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156653674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166385830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168359464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170487891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172647928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2176365174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2276520418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293194104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2511946169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2522341857\",\"https://openalex.org/W2535059860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2550455161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552810632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2597330569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623815636\",\"https://openalex.org/W2746329718\",\"https://openalex.org/W2765691357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2783542416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793943160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801086494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806513910\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889504249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2893663527\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944624840\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952908749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964026977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990427812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003886363\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109908198\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118769118\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139430135\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146164047\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210522543\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210540540\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226023986\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226400653\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232964083\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238293282\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282916454\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286684975\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293462124\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294281159\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295138812\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297460559\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312129061\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321377299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395688958\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089758560\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth L. Fisher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9557-9291\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002511145\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Smith\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-185X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016384733\",\"display_name\":\"Kyna-Anne Conn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-7885\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035909452\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew W. Corcoran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-4883\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010010872\",\"display_name\":\"Laura K Milton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1664-8337\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083789193\",\"display_name\":\"Jakob Hohwy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3906-3060\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003584852\",\"display_name\":\"Claire J. Foldi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-8242\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-024-03103-7\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402975017" }, { "id": 4546, "title": "The Action on Psilocybin in Neural Plasticity, Brain Reorganization and Cognitive Enhancement", "normalized_title": "the action on psilocybin in neural plasticity brain reorganization and cognitive enhancement", "authors": "Carlos Henrique Marchiori, Marco Vinícios de Oliveira Santana, Klebert de Paula Malheiros", "abstract": "Psilocybin and psilocin do not cause addiction or dependence, as they do not interact with the dopaminergic reward system. New pharmacological treatment strategies for substance abuse disorders have targeted craving, which is characterized, in a simplified way, by an intense desire to use the substance. Psilocybin is an indole alkaloid of the hallucinogenic tryptamine group whose molecular structure resembles that of the neurotransmitter serotonin, which you may know as psilocin, especially in its dephosphorylated form. In Brazil, it is authorized by Anvisa through Ordinance 344 of 1998, provided that special authorization is obtained from the Health Surveillance Secretariat of the Ministry of Health. The manuscript aims to verify the Action of psilocybin in neural plasticity, brain reorganization, and cognitive enhancement. This paper is a narrative review of the literature, which is designed to explain and discuss a certain subject from a theoretical or contextual perspective, to allow the reader to acquire or update knowledge on a specific topic. The search for scientific articles that comprised this review was carried out in Academic.edu, Biological Abstract, Google Scholar, HAL, Qeios, ResearchGate, Scielo, and SSRN. The inclusion criteria were original articles and reviews, published nationally and internationally in full, available electronically, and published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. There is also a growing popularity of psilocybin and other psychedelics for health purposes. Mushrooms can be important for improving various conditions and symptoms of disorders. People report that this type of mushroom specifically works against fatigue, discouragement, depression, anxiety, and cognition, and helps to deal with withdrawal symptoms from some addiction. Increased concentration can be observed, with improved brain activity.", "journal": "Middle East Research Journal of Biological Sciences", "publication_date": "2024-09-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.36348/merjbs.2024.v04i05.001", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.36348/merjbs.2024.v04i05.001", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Neuroplasticity, Cognition, Psychology, Action (physics), Cognitive neuroscience, Cognitive psychology, Hallucinogen, Physics, Psychiatry, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403659615\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4403659615\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023201531\",\"display_name\":\"Carlos Henrique Marchiori\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6800-7597\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108942518\",\"display_name\":\"Marco Vinícios de Oliveira Santana\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5094108752\",\"display_name\":\"Klebert de Paula Malheiros\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284277\",\"source_display_name\":\"Middle East Research Journal of Biological Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.36348/merjbs.2024.v04i05.001\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4403659615" }, { "id": 859, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin for U.S. military Veterans with severe treatment-resistant depression - A first-in-kind open-label pilot study", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for u s military veterans with severe treatment resistant depression a first in kind open label pilot study", "authors": "Sara Ellis, Catherine Bostian, Wendy Feng, E. Grace Fischer, Garrett Schwartz, Katherine Eisen, Melanie Lean, Elizabeth Conlan, Michael J. Ostacher, Scott T. Aaronson, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2024-09-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.133", "pubmed_id": "39343309", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.133", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Open label, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Major depressive disorder, Hallucinogen, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Mood, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402912774\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":23,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W51667955\",\"https://openalex.org/W243214355\",\"https://openalex.org/W1930885864\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983358521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101820111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120460120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131138282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2187253811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2299625574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2488476603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582743722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605671917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735979276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792996600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943680648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990746697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152628277\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157759986\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159380864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220907301\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229001506\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281687410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296360598\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305913\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388574768\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4405955624\",\"https://openalex.org/W6602114720\",\"https://openalex.org/W6640345670\",\"https://openalex.org/W6736394996\",\"https://openalex.org/W6790052311\",\"https://openalex.org/W6859220916\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108335177\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Ellis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107647965\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bostian\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103133978\",\"display_name\":\"Wendy Feng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8664-9745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021555908\",\"display_name\":\"E. Grace Fischer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108992233\",\"display_name\":\"Garrett Schwartz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052980069\",\"display_name\":\"Katherine Eisen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-4002\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078628093\",\"display_name\":\"Melanie Lean\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3654-9914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107534089\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Conlan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064731301\",\"display_name\":\"Michael J. Ostacher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0353-7535\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006219749\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.133\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402912774" }, { "id": 3099, "title": "Ketamine and Psilocybin Differentially Impact Sensory Learning During the Mismatch Negativity", "normalized_title": "ketamine and psilocybin differentially impact sensory learning during the mismatch negativity", "authors": "Allohverdi S, Soltanzadeh M, Schmidt A, Charlton C, Hauke D, Karvelis P, Vollenweider F, Diaconescu A.", "abstract": "Abstract Ketamine and psilocybin show potential as therapies for various mental illnesses, including major depressive disorder. However, further investigation into their neural mechanisms is required to understand their effects on the brain. By combining computational modelling with electroencephalography (EEG), we examine the effects of ketamine and psilocybin on hierarchical sensory precision-weighted prediction error (pwPE) learning in the context of the auditory mismatch negativity, an event-related potential consistently shown to be reduced under psychotomimetic interventions. We employed a Bayesian framework and re-analyzed a previously acquired EEG dataset (Schmidt et al., 2012) by modelling single-trial EEG data using the Hierarchical Gaussian Filter. Using a placebo-controlled within-subject crossover design, healthy subjects were administered either S-ketamine or psilocybin during an auditory roving paradigm of pure sinusoidal tones. Our findings elucidate distinct neural impacts of ketamine and psilocybin on sensory learning: ketamine led to a larger reduction in the effect of sensory precision compared to placebo from 207 to 316 ms peaking at 277 ms in the frontal central channels, while psilocybin showed no significant effect. Both drugs reduced the expression of belief precision between 160 to 184 ms, peaking at 172 ms. For higher-level volatility pwPEs, ketamine reduced the expression while psilocybin had null effect at 312 ms. For perception of elementary imagery, ketamine had a greater effect than psilocybin on sensory and volatility precision, while psilocybin had a greater effect on volatility pwPEs. Our findings suggest hallucinogens have distinct effects on sensory learning that could inform tailored therapies for major depression.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2024-09-25", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-4492873/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4492873/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR916682\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3592, "title": "An Open-Label Pilot Study Examining the Feasibility, Safety, and Effectiveness of Psilocybin Therapy for Depression in Bipolar II Disorder", "normalized_title": "an open label pilot study examining the feasibility safety and effectiveness of psilocybin therapy for depression in bipolar ii disorder", "authors": "University of California, San Francisco", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to determine the safety, tolerability, and feasibility of psilocybin therapy in people with Bipolar II Disorder. The primary goal of this study is to examine the safety, tolerability, and feasibility of psilocybin therapy in people with Bipolar II Disorder (BD II). Fourteen participants, ages 18 to 70 with clinically diagnosed BD II with active depression, in active outpatient mental health treatment, and who meet all other inclusion and exclusion criteria at screening will be enrolled. After baseline assessments, participants will engage in preparatory visits with trained facilitators, followed by an initial drug administration of oral psilocybin,supervised by the facilitators and a clinician who will conduct safety monitoring throughout. Participants will complete assessment and integration sessions with the facilitators subsequently in order to help process the experience. Participants who tolerated the first dosage may be asked to complete a second psilocybin dosing session, involving the same preparation, procedures, integration, and supervision as the first. Primary outcome measures will assess safety, tolerability, and feasibility of study procedures. Efficacy will be measured by change in depression as measured by the MADRS three weeks after the final psilocybin administration. Exploratory outcome measures will assess changes in sleep, quality of life, and therapeutic engagement.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-09-24", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05065294", "keywords": "Bipolar II Disorder, Psilocybin therapy, 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05065294\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3151, "title": "Distinct classes of antidepressants commonly act to shape pallidal structure and function in mice", "normalized_title": "distinct classes of antidepressants commonly act to shape pallidal structure and function in mice", "authors": "Abe Y, Sugiura Y, Maeda R, Taira S, Yoshida K, Ibi D, Moritoh S, Hashimoto K, Yagishita S, Tanaka KF.", "abstract": "Antidepressants including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, ketamine, and psilocybin are all effective for treating depression despite their distinct primary mechanisms. We hypothesized that these drugs may share a common mechanism that underlies their therapeutic actions. We treated mice with one of the following: escitalopram, R- / S -/ RS- ketamine, or psilocin. Additionally, groups exposed to electroconvulsive stimulation and a saline control were included. Following treatment, fixed brains underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging, and voxel-based morphometry was performed to evaluate brain-wide volumetric changes. Compared with control treatment, we observed greater volumes in the nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, and external globus pallidus across all antidepressant treatments, and a smaller volume in the mediodorsal thalamus. Specifically, R -ketamine, RS -ketamine, and psilocin induced more pronounced hypertrophy of the ventral pallidum, whereas selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and S -ketamine predominantly increased the volume of the external globus pallidus. Further analyses using super-resolution microscopy and imaging mass spectrometry revealed corresponding microstructural and molecular changes. Greater pallidal volume was associated with striatal medium spiny neuron terminal hypertrophy and elevated γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels. Interestingly, all antidepressants were also associated with higher striatal dopamine content. Moreover, striatal vesicular GABA transporter overexpression reproduced the medium spiny neuron terminal hypertrophy and increased pallidal GABA content, and was associated with a reduction in innate anxiety. These findings indicate that despite their pharmacological diversity, antidepressant treatments lead to shared pallidum-centered structural and molecular changes. We propose that these shared changes may potentiate the striato-pallidal inhibitory circuit, thereby contributing to the overall antidepressant effect.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-09-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.09.23.614626", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.23.614626", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR914838\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 891, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin alters resting state functional networks in patients with body dysmorphic disorder", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin alters resting state functional networks in patients with body dysmorphic disorder", "authors": "Xi Zhu, Chen Zhang, David J. Hellerstein, Jamie D. Feusner, Michael G. Wheaton, Gloria J. Gomez, Franklin R. Schneier", "abstract": "Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a severe psychiatric condition characterized by preoccupation with perceived flaws in one's appearance, which the individual views as defective or ugly. Psilocybin, a serotonin 2A receptor agonist with psychedelic properties, has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for depression and other psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to identify subacute neural changes predicting symptomatic response to psilocybin treatment in adults with BDD. Eight adults with moderate-to-severe nondelusional BDD were administered a single oral 25 mg dose of psilocybin, accompanied by psychological support, and underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging assessments 1 day before and 1 day after the dosing. Both a region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analysis and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) were used to identify changes in resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) at day 1 after dosing that predicted treatment response at week 1, measured by change in Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Scale Modified for BDD (BDD-YBOCS) score. All participants completed the dosing and follow-up assessments over 12 weeks. BDD-YBOCS scores decreased at week 1 and week 12 after dosing ( p", "journal": "Psychedelics.", "publication_date": "2024-09-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.61373/pp024r.0028", "pubmed_id": "40458078", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.61373/pp024r.0028", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Dosing, Default mode network, Psychology, Precuneus, Insula, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Resting state fMRI, Body dysmorphic disorder, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Neuroscience, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404286681\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404286681\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1983183519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018547452\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060881658\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078580484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114793091\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129624700\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137677848\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141569728\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145526417\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147106787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161156593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2301236282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2345939122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2394498068\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2500148698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561379698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769055667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943891126\",\"https://openalex.org/W2989074529\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010695255\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082152923\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137759568\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211486222\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205131437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220898268\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225626772\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282964615\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297229036\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310295919\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321377299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361279088\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387306566\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390629750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392203910\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100616028\",\"display_name\":\"Xi Zhu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2634-2901\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Chen Zhang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1888-1063\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040702751\",\"display_name\":\"Jamie D. Feusner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0391-345X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010843064\",\"display_name\":\"Michael G. Wheaton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7465-7879\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027298292\",\"display_name\":\"Gloria J. Gomez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9875-9223\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038025366\",\"display_name\":\"Franklin R. Schneier\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2938-2693\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404675698\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelics.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.61373/pp024r.0028\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404286681" }, { "id": 1017, "title": "Psilocybin for major depressive disorder: a systematic review of randomized controlled studies.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for major depressive disorder a systematic review of randomized controlled studies", "authors": "Li LJ, Mo Y, Shi ZM, Huang XB, Ning YP, Wu HW, Yang XH, Zheng W.", "abstract": "ObjectivesThe purpose of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of psilocybin in adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsA systematic search (up to September 14, 2023) was conducted for RCTs that examined the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of psilocybin in physically healthy adult patients with MDD. Three independent researchers extracted data from publications where the primary outcome was a change in depressive symptoms, and key secondary outcomes were changes in anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation, discontinuation rates for any reason, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs).ResultsFive RCTs with 472 adult patients with MDD on psilocybin (n = 274) and controls (n = 198) were included. Two of the five RCTs (40%) reported mixed results, while the other three (60%) found that psilocybin had a beneficial effect on MDD treatment. Four RCTs (80%) assessing the anxiolytic effects of psilocybin for treating MDD found that psilocybin was significantly more effective than the control group in improving anxiety symptoms. Psilocybin was more effective than the control group in improving suicidal ideation in one out of five RCTs. Discontinuation rates were similar for any reason between the psilocybin group (2-13%) and the control group (4-21%) (P > 0.05). Four RCTs (80%) reported ADRs in detail. The most common ADR in both groups was headache.ConclusionPsilocybin was effective in improving depressive symptoms in over half of the included studies and reduced anxiety symptoms in patients with MDD. The long-term efficacy and safety of psilocybin for MDD treatment needs to be further investigated in large RCTs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1416420", "pubmed_id": "39376971", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1416420", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39376971\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 997, "title": "Effect of psilocybin versus escitalopram on depression symptom severity in patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder: observational 6-month follow-up of a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin versus escitalopram on depression symptom severity in patients with moderate to severe major depressive disorder observational 6 month follow up of a phase 2 double blind randomised controlled trial", "authors": "David Erritzøe, Tommaso Barba, Kyle T. Greenway, Roberta Murphy, Jonny Martell, Bruna Giribaldi, Christopher Timmermann, Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner, Michelle Baker Jones, David Nutt, Brandon Weiss, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin therapy (PT) produces rapid and persistent antidepressant effects in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the long-term effects of PT have never been compared with gold-standard treatments for MDD such as pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy alone or in combination. Methods: This is a 6-month follow-up study of a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial involving patients with moderate-to-severe MDD. Participants were recruited from a hospital in the UK. Male or female patients with major depressive disorder (DSM-IV), moderate to severe depression (HAM-D ≥17), no MRI or SSRI contraindications, confirmed diagnosis by a GP or mental healthcare professional, aged 18-80, and competent in English were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either two 25 mg doses of the psychedelic drug psilocybin administered orally combined with psychological support ('psilocybin therapy' or PT) and book-ended by further support or a 6-week course of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram (administered daily at 10 mg for three weeks and 20 mg for the subsequent three weeks) plus matched psychological support ('escitalopram treatment' or ET). The primary outcome measure was change from baseline in the score on the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR-16) at week 6, which has been reported previously. Herein, we present results at the 6-month follow-up time point. Measures of social functioning, connectedness, and meaning in life constituted the study's secondary outcomes during follow-up. Safety in the follow-up period was not assessed. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03429075. Findings: Between January 15th, 2019 and March 20th, 2020, 59 patients were enrolled and 30 (11 females [37%] and 19 males [63%]) were assigned to the psilocybin group and 29 (9 females [31%] and 20 males [69%]) to the escitalopram group. 25 participants in the PT group and 21 in the ET group completed the 6-month follow-up. At the 6-month follow-up, both PT and ET conditions yielded sustained improvements in depressive symptom severity. The mean between-condition difference in QIDS-SR-16 scores at 6-months was 1.51 (95% CI: -1.35, 4.38; p = 0.311). Secondary outcomes demonstrated that PT had greater mean between-condition differences in functioning (WSAS: -7.46; 95% CI: -12.4, -2.47; p < 0.001), psychological connectedness (WCS: 11.02; 95% CI: 1.25, 20.83; p = 0.033), and meaning in life (MLQ: 4.86; 95% CI: 0.67, 9.05; p = 0.021) compared to ET. Interpretation: Six-week intensive treatments with either psilocybin or escitalopram (with psychological support) for MDD were associated with long-term improvements in depressive symptom severity. The greater degree of improvement in the PT arm at follow-up on psychosocial functioning, meaning in life, and psychological connectedness suggests warrant future research. However, these results are descriptive and should be interpreted with caution. Key limitations of the study include its suboptimal power to detect small but meaningful differences between treatments, missing data, the potential use of additional interventions during the follow-up period, and reliance on self-reported treatment assessments. These factors may affect the interpretation of the study findings and should be considered when evaluating the results. Funding: The Alexander Mosley Charitable Trust and by the founding partners of Imperial College London's Centre for Psychedelic Research.", "journal": "EClinicalMedicine", "publication_date": "2024-09-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102799", "pubmed_id": "39764567", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102799", "keywords": "Medicine, Escitalopram, Observational study, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Double blind, Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Internal medicine, Placebo, Alternative medicine, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Mood, Pathology, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402747955\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":45,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W243214355\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974739407\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977897138\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981738711\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983358521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013523345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063225659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082645015\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096230543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101540672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102133850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105435220\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110065044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115086661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115905656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129310294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140505555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2201421223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2277633149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293194104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346275821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519531315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605671917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2787695989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804876758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2908544178\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912654919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940262672\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971304551\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031742716\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046057820\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182390788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203310594\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200330438\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220790925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223962004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311508922\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313251651\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323567563\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323652410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379284995\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382182909\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385173317\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389606379\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391630740\",\"https://openalex.org/W6736394996\",\"https://openalex.org/W6748127778\",\"https://openalex.org/W6850232825\",\"https://openalex.org/W6853949751\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005427567\",\"display_name\":\"Tommaso Barba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-4628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086630833\",\"display_name\":\"Kyle T. Greenway\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-493X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111666675\",\"display_name\":\"Roberta Murphy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055329548\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-377X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113396956\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113982589\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015600817\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898347799\",\"source_display_name\":\"EClinicalMedicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102799\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Contraindications", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402747955" }, { "id": 3034, "title": "Acute psilocybin and ketanserin effects on cerebral blood flow: 5-HT2AR neuromodulation in healthy humans", "normalized_title": "acute psilocybin and ketanserin effects on cerebral blood flow 5 ht2ar neuromodulation in healthy humans", "authors": "Larsen K, Lindberg U, Ozenne B, McCulloch DE, Armand S, Madsen MK, Johansen A, Stenbæk DS, Knudsen GM, Fisher PM.", "abstract": "Psilocin, the active metabolite of psilocybin, is a psychedelic and agonist at the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) that has shown positive therapeutic effects for brain disorders such as depression. To elucidate the brain effects of psilocybin, we directly compared the acute effects of 5-HT2AR agonist (psilocybin) and antagonist (ketanserin) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a single-blind, cross-over study in 28 healthy participants. We evaluated associations between plasma psilocin level (PPL) or subjective drug intensity (SDI) and CBF. We also evaluated drug effects on internal carotid artery (ICA) diameter using time-of-flight MRI angiography. PPL and SDI were significantly negatively associated with regional and global CBF (∼11.5% at peak drug effect, p", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-09-21", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.09.19.24313958", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.19.24313958", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR913484\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3528, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy in the Treatment of Patients Hospitalized for Treatment-resistant Depression: an Open-label Feasibility Study with an Experiential and Systemic Focus", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of patients hospitalized for treatment resistant depression an open label feasibility study with an experiential and systemic focus", "authors": "University Hospital, Ghent", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and feasibility of performing psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in patients hospitalized for treatment-resistant depression. The proposed study will assess the safety, feasibility, preliminary results and neurological aspects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of hospitalized patients with treatment-resistant depression. Screening, after signing the ICF, is done in patients newly admitted to the psychiatric service of Ghent University Hospital or patients referred for hospitalization through the outpatient clinic of the psychiatric service of Ghent University Hospital. Involved patients are hospitalized at the Anxiety, Compulsion and Mood Unit for 8 weeks. They will receive add-on treatment with psilocybin-supported psychotherapy in addition to standard treatment (daily group therapies, mainly non-verbal and activating). This consists of a preparatory phase (4 sessions of 1.5 hours before the first psilocybin session and 1 session of 1.5 hours before the second psilocybin session), the psilocybin sessions themselves (2 sessions, week 3 and week 6) and an integration phase (3 sessions of 1.5 hours after each psilocybin session). All sessions occur with the same 2 therapists throughout the entire course. Therapists are trained to provide experiential and systemic psychotherapeutic interventions. After hospitalization, weekly outpatient follow-up consultations continue until 12 weeks after the last psilocybin session. Subsequently, patients may still agree to a prospective, observational and naturalistic follow-up until 1 year after the last psilocybin session, during which they will be called monthly by a psychiatrist from the research team to inquire about current mental status and any therapies undertaken in the interim. During the study, patients are required to fill out questionnaires at regular intervals. Video-recordings will be made of certain parts of the preparation and integration sessions, for analysis with the client experience scale (EXP). The morning of each psilocybin session, female patients must provide a blood sample for a pregnancy test. The morning of each psilocybin session, all patients must provide a urine sample for toxicology screening. EEGs are also taken from patients the day before each psilocybin session, the morning of the first integration session after each psilocybin session and 12 weeks after the last psilocybin session (at the last outpatient consultation). At the start and at the end of the hospitalization phase, a semi-structured interview will be conducted with the patient to gauge expectations on the one hand and experiences on the other. Throughout the study, the patient's partner will be involved. The partner must complete a number of questionnaires at baseline and throughout the study and will have to be present at 3 EEGs. In addition, the partner will also participate in 1 preparatory session and 2 integration sessions. The partner will also be given the opportunity to spend the night of a psilocybin session with the patient in the hospital (rooming-in). At the start and at the end of the hospitalization phase, a semi-structured interview will be conducted with the partner to gauge expectations on the one hand and experiences on the other.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-09-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06378229", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, PEX010, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06378229\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1018, "title": "Psychedelic research at a crossroads.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic research at a crossroads", "authors": "Armstrong SB, Davis AK.", "abstract": "There is an urgent need to develop better treatments for mental health conditions that affect one in every eight people in the world. To combat this concern, psychedelic drugs have been combined with psychotherapy and studied in clinical trials in the United States and Europe. Psychedelics are hallucinogenic drugs that alter brain activity and facilitate altered states of consciousness. The proposed benefits of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) include relatively short treatment times and stronger effects compared to other treatments. Although results of trials using MDMA for trauma or psilocybin for depression are promising, PAT is controversial because many questions about its safety and effectiveness are unanswered. This is evident in the recent ruling by the US Food and Drug Administration against the approval of MDMA therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder and the retraction of several papers about MDMA trials owing to unethical conduct by study therapists and data integrity, among other concerns. This field is at a crossroads, and the research community must address several obstacles to transition from exploratory trials to established, evidence-based treatments while avoiding pitfalls that can hinder advancement.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1126/science.adt1024", "pubmed_id": "39298596", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adt1024", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Drug Approval, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, United States Food and Drug Administration, United States, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39298596\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4551, "title": "Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Mental Disorders: Systematic Review of Clinal Trials", "normalized_title": "use of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders systematic review of clinal trials", "authors": "Danielle B Rodrigues", "abstract": "Title: Use of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders: systematic review of clinical trials. Objective: To evaluate the high-impact evidence on the neurobiology, efficacy, safety, and feasibility of using psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), smoking, and alcoholism", "journal": "Journal of Complementary Medicine & Alternative Healthcare", "publication_date": "2024-09-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.19080/jcmah.2024.13.555852", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.19080/jcmah.2024.13.555852", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408545862\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408545862\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Danielle B Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210238017\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Complementary Medicine & Alternative Healthcare\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.19080/jcmah.2024.13.555852\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408545862" }, { "id": 949, "title": "Exploring the regulatory framework of psychedelics in the US & Europe.", "normalized_title": "exploring the regulatory framework of psychedelics in the us europe", "authors": "Behera HK, Joga R, Yerram S, Karnati P, Mergu T, Gandhi K, M S, Nathiya D, Singh RP, Srivastava S, Kumar S.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drug therapy has gained prominence for its potential in treating various mental health conditions, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety. Psychedelic treatment differs from conventional psychiatric approaches in mode of action, legal status, and treatment approach. This work delves into the therapeutic potential, mechanisms, and regulatory approvals of key psychedelic substances like psilocybin, 3,4-Methyl enedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA), mescaline, ketamine, and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It also provides an overview of legal aspects, and regulations surrounding psychedelics in the US & Europe, emphasizing their Schedule I classification due to potential misuse. The United States Food & Drug Administration (USFDA) closely monitors psychedelics, employing expedited pathways for evaluation. Further, recent guidance from the FDA on considerations for clinical Investigations supports the safe development of psychedelics for human welfare. European Medicines Agency (EMA) regulators focus on atypical psychedelics, addressing challenges in safety and efficacy. Marketed products, such as Spravato nasal spray, face limited distribution due to safety concerns. The call for careful regulation and legislation is essential for harnessing psychedelics' potential for therapeutic benefits and human welfare.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104242", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104242", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Drug Approval, United States Food and Drug Administration, United States, Europe", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39305768\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W39305768" }, { "id": 950, "title": "New frontiers in the biosynthesis of psychoactive specialized metabolites.", "normalized_title": "new frontiers in the biosynthesis of psychoactive specialized metabolites", "authors": "Li G, Facchini PJ.", "abstract": "The recent relaxation of psychedelic drug regulations has prompted extensive clinical investigation into their potential use to treat diverse mental health conditions including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and substance-abuse disorders. Most clinical trials have relied on a small number of known molecules found in nature, such as psilocybin, or long-known synthetic analogs of natural metabolites, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Elucidation of biosynthetic pathways leading to several psychedelic compounds has established an opportunity to use synthetic biology as a complement to synthetic chemistry for the preparation of novel derivatives with potentially superior pharmacological properties compared with known drugs. Herein we review the metabolic biochemistry of pathways from plants, fungi and animals that yield the medicinally important hallucinogenic specialized metabolites ibogaine, mescaline, psilocybin, lysergic acid, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). We also summarize the reconstitution of these pathways in microorganisms and comment on the integration of native and non-native enzymes to prepare novel derivatives.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-15", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102626", "pubmed_id": "39288539", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102626", "keywords": "Animals, Fungi, Plants, Hallucinogens, Biosynthetic Pathways", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39288539\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4553, "title": "An estimate of the number of people with clinical depression eligible for psilocybin-assisted therapy in the United States", "normalized_title": "an estimate of the number of people with clinical depression eligible for psilocybin assisted therapy in the united states", "authors": "Syed F. Rab, Charles L. Raison, Elliot Marseille", "abstract": "This study aims to estimate the lower, middle, and upper bounds of potential demand for psilocybin-assisted therapy (PSIL-AT) for major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in the United States. We calculated potential PSIL-AT demand for MDD and TRD by estimating the number of U.S. patients with MDD, identifying those in treatment, and determining who qualifies as having TRD. We established a range of estimates using the exclusion criteria from the largest trials to date on PSIL-AT for MDD or TRD. Estimates ranged from lower-bound through stringent criteria, mid-range by focusing on likely real-world scenarios, to upper-bound by accounting for double counting for patients with multiple comorbidities. A significant portion of patients with MDD and TRD is ineligible for PSIL-AT due to disqualifying conditions. Percentage of patients who are eligible are 24% (lower-bound), 56% (mid-range), and 62% (upper-bound). Variance was largely influenced by the removal of alcohol and substance use disorders as exclusion criteria, as well as removing the double counting from comorbid psychiatric and cardiovascular conditions. The analysis outlines the public health implications of providing PSIL-AT for MDD and TRD, emphasizing that the effective demand will be shaped by insurance coverage, state-level regulations, and the availability of trained providers. These findings suggest the need for careful policy planning and resource allocation to ensure equitable access and effective implementation of PSIL-AT across diverse populations and regions.", "journal": "Psychedelics.", "publication_date": "2024-09-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.61373/pp024r.0025", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.61373/pp024r.0025", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Psychology, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:34", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404378875\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404378875\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1823623062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001412258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001584525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024317089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040583551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063129639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124216937\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127180891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151997282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154013799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2736261103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806521060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891384565\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904801005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984882636\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990193169\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003710034\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080503430\",\"https://openalex.org/W3119656599\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306734898\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307093712\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378549583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383186683\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389334824\",\"https://openalex.org/W4399491174\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114648659\",\"display_name\":\"Syed F. Rab\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9719-097X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024726266\",\"display_name\":\"Charles L. Raison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-0066\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010247183\",\"display_name\":\"Elliot Marseille\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8518-1143\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404675698\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelics.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.61373/pp024r.0025\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404378875" }, { "id": 1025, "title": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy for treating anxiety, depression, and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy for treating anxiety depression and existential distress in people with life threatening diseases", "authors": "Schipper S, Nigam K, Schmid Y, Piechotta V, Ljuslin M, Beaussant Y, Schwarzer G, Boehlke C.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelic-assisted therapy refers to a group of therapeutic practices involving psychedelics taken under therapeutic supervision from physicians, psychologists, and others. It has been hypothesised that psychedelic-assisted therapy may reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and existential distress in patients facing life-threatening diseases (e.g. cancer). However, these substances are illegal in most countries and have been associated with potential risks.ObjectivesTo assess the benefits and harms of psychedelic-assisted therapy compared to placebo or active comparators (e.g. antidepressants) for treatment of anxiety, depression, and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases.Search methodsWe searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and two trial registers on 30 March 2024. In addition, we undertook reference checking, citation searching, and contact with study authors to identify additional studies. We used no language or date restrictions.Selection criteriaWe included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), with no restrictions regarding comorbidity, sex, or ethnicity. Interventions comprised a substance-induced psychedelic experience preceded by preparatory therapeutic sessions and followed by integrative therapeutic sessions.Data collection and analysisWe used the standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane.Main resultsWe included six studies in the review, which evaluated two different interventions: psychedelic-assisted therapy with classical psychedelics (psilocybin ('magic mushrooms') and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)), and psychedelic-assisted therapy with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or 'Ecstasy'). The studies randomised 149 participants with life-threatening diseases and analysed data for 140 of them. The age range of participants was 36 to 64 years. The studies lasted between 6 and 12 months, and were conducted in outpatient settings in the USA and in Switzerland. Drug companies were not involved in study funding, but funding was provided by organisations that promote psychedelic-assisted therapy. Primary outcomes (at 1 to 12 weeks) Anxiety Psychedelic-assisted therapy using classical psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD) may result in a reduction in anxiety when compared to active placebo (or low-dose psychedelic): State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Trait, scale 20 to 80) mean difference (MD) -8.41, 95% CI -12.92 to -3.89; STAI-State (scale 20 to 80) MD -9.04, 95% CI -13.87 to -4.21; 5 studies, 122 participants; low-certainty evidence. The effect of psychedelic-assisted therapy using MDMA on anxiety, compared to placebo, is very uncertain: STAI-T MD -14.70, 95% CI -29.45 to 0.05; STAI-S MD -16.10, 95% CI -33.03 to 0.83; 1 study, 18 participants; very low certainty evidence. Depression Psychedelic-assisted therapy using classical psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD) may result in a reduction in depression when compared to active placebo (or low-dose psychedelic): Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, scale 0 to 63) MD -4.92, 95% CI -8.97 to -0.87; 4 studies, 112 participants; standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.43, 95% CI -0.79 to -0.06; 5 studies, 122 participants; low-certainty evidence. The effect of psychedelic-assisted therapy using MDMA on depression, compared to placebo, is very uncertain: BDI-II (scale: 0 to 63) MD -6.30, 95% CI -16.93 to 4.33; 1 study, 18 participants; very low certainty evidence. Existential distress Psychedelic-assisted therapy using classical psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD) compared to active placebo (or low-dose psychedelic) may result in a reduction in demoralisation, one of the most common measures of existential distress, but the evidence is very uncertain (Demoralisation Scale, 1 study, 28 participants): post treatment scores, placebo group 39.6 (SEM3.4), psilocybin group 18.8 (3.6), P ≤ 0.01). Evidence from other measures of existential distress was mixed. Existential distress was not measured in people receiving psychedelic-assisted therapy with MDMA. Secondary outcomes (at 1 to 12 weeks) Quality of life When classical psychedelics were used, one study had inconclusive results and two reported improved quality of life, but the evidence is very uncertain. MDMA did not improve quality of life measures, but the evidence is also very uncertain. Spirituality Participants receiving psychedelic-assisted therapy with classical psychedelics rated their experience as being spiritually significant (2 studies), but the evidence is very uncertain. Spirituality was not assessed in participants receiving MDMA. Adverse events No treatment-related serious adverse events or adverse events grade 3/4 were reported. Common minor to moderate adverse events for classical psychedelics were elevated blood pressure, nausea, anxiety, emotional distress, and psychotic-like symptoms (e.g. pseudo-hallucination where the participant is aware they are hallucinating); for MDMA, common minor to moderate adverse events were anxiety, dry mouth, jaw clenching, and headaches. Symptoms subsided when drug effects wore off or up to one week later. Certainty of the evidence Although all six studies had intended to blind participants, personnel, and assessors, blinding could not be achieved as this is very difficult in studies investigating psychedelics. Using GRADE criteria, we judged the certainty of evidence to be low to very low, mainly due to high risk of bias and imprecision (small sample size).Authors' conclusionsImplications for practice Psychedelic-assisted therapy with classical psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD) may be effective for treating anxiety, depression, and possibly existential distress, in people facing a life-threatening disease. Psychedelic-assisted therapy seemed to be well tolerated, with no treatment-emergent serious adverse events reported in the studies included in this review. However, the certainty of evidence is low to very low, which means that we cannot be sure about these results, and they might be changed by future research. At the time of this review (2024), psychedelic drugs are illegal in many countries. Implications for research The risk of bias due to 'unblinding' (participants being aware of which intervention they are receiving) could be reduced by measuring expectation bias, checking blinding has been maintained before cross-over, and using active placebos. More studies with larger sample sizes are needed to reduce imprecision. As the US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) currently classifies psychedelics as Schedule I substances (i.e. having no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse), research involving these drugs is restricted, but is steadily increasing.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-11", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1002/14651858.cd015383.pub2", "pubmed_id": "39260823", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd015383.pub2", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Placebos, Combined Modality Therapy, Depression, Anxiety, Existentialism, Psychotherapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin, Bias, Psychological Distress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39260823\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 553, "title": "Pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin, a Tryptamine Alkaloid in Magic Mushroom (Psilocybe cubensis): A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "pharmacokinetics of psilocybin a tryptamine alkaloid in magic mushroom psilocybe cubensis a systematic review", "authors": "Thaoboonruang N, Lohitnavy M, Lohitnavy O.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a major indole alkaloid found in magic mushrooms (Psilocybe cubensis), has recently drawn attention as a breakthrough therapy to treat major depressive disorder. This review aimed to summarize and identify knowledge gaps concerning their pharmacokinetic characteristics of psilocybin and its active metabolite, psilocin. Original studies related to pharmacokinetics of psilocybin conducted in vitro, animals, and humans were systematically collected from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, from their inceptions to November 2023. Twenty articles were included in this work and assessed for study quality. A comprehensive review of the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin and psilocin in both animals and humans was performed. Psilocybin is considered a prodrug that is dephosphorylated to psilocin by alkaline phosphatase. Following ingestion, the peak psilocin plasma and brain levels were rapidly achieved in a dose-dependent manner. Psilocin is metabolized primarily through both Phase I and Phase II processes with the half-life of 2-3 hours. This review also identified lack of some pharmacokinetic related information and limitations of available research that may help direct future investigations to better understand the pharmacokinetics and improve study design including dose selection and dosage optimization.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2024.2399128", "pubmed_id": "39257234", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2024.2399128", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Psilocybe, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39257234\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 977, "title": "Psychoactive substances for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychoactive substances for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders", "authors": "Zhen Z, Sun X, Yuan S, Zhang J.", "abstract": "In the contemporary landscape of psychiatric medicine, critical advancements have been noted in the utilization of psychoactive substances such as hallucinogens, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and ketamine for the treatment of severe mental health disorders. This review provides a detailed evaluation of these substances, focusing on their mechanisms of action and the profound clinical outcomes observed in controlled environments. Hallucinogens like lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin primarily target the 5-HT2A receptor agonist-2 (5-HT2AR), inducing substantial perceptual and cognitive shifts that facilitate deep psychological introspection and significant therapeutic advances, particularly in patients suffering from depression and anxiety disorders. MDMA, influencing multiple neurotransmitter systems including 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine, and norepinephrine, has been demonstrated to effectively alleviate symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, enhancing patients' emotional engagement and resilience during psychotherapy. Meanwhile, ketamine, a glutamate receptor antagonist, rapidly alleviates depressive symptoms, offering a lifeline for individuals with treatment-resistant depression through its fast-acting antidepressant properties. The integration of these substances into psychiatric practice has shown promising results, fundamentally changing the therapeutic landscape for patients unresponsive to traditional treatment modalities. However, the potent effects of these agents also necessitate a cautious approach in clinical application, ensuring careful dosage control, monitoring, and risk management to prevent potential abuse and mitigate adverse effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-09-02", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104193", "pubmed_id": "39243659", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104193", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Psychotropic Drugs, Mental Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39243659\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Resilience,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4559, "title": "Einmalig Psilocybin: antidepressive Effekte", "normalized_title": "einmalig psilocybin antidepressive effekte", "authors": "Arnim Quante", "abstract": "All articles of this category (opens in new window) In den letzten Jahren erfährt die Behandlung mit Psychodelika eine Renaissance. Besonders bei (therapieresistenten) Depressionen wurde Psilocybin in zahlreichen Studien bereits untersucht. Dabei zeigten sich positive Wirkungen vor allem in der Kurzzeittherapie, aber auch darüber hinaus zeigten Studien länger anhaltende Effekte. Allerdings waren gerade die Studien mit längeren Zeiträumen aufgrund von niedrigen Patientenzahlen oder fehlender Verblindung weniger aussagekräftig. In einer jüngst in JAMA veröffentlichten Phase-2-Studie wurde diese Lücke nun geschlossen. Publication History Article published online: 09 September 2024 © 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany", "journal": "PSYCH up2date", "publication_date": "2024-08-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1055/a-2185-5208", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2185-5208", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402347011\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402347011\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Arnim Quante\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210233424\",\"source_display_name\":\"PSYCH up2date\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2185-5208\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402347011" }, { "id": 1028, "title": "Rapidly Trading Down Depression's 3 Pillars to 5HT3-Receptors Through ECT or Psilocybin?", "normalized_title": "rapidly trading down depression s 3 pillars to 5ht3 receptors through ect or psilocybin", "authors": "Treviranus GRS.", "abstract": "Depression astonishingly can be stopped instantly by electrotherapies or through some psychedelics like psilocybin. In explaining this, the traditional approaches to their antidepressant effects via \"reset\" models and orthosteric serotonin receptors has neglected the only serotonin channel 5HT3, which e.g. has emerged as being helpful for the neurotrophic translation for all anti-depressants and final synaptic effects. Psychedelics here are confronted with a panorama of also anti-depressant 5HT3-channels and a search for their part e.g. in the \"3 pillars\" reigning depression. Of these M1) mitochondria, parasitic organelles from a fusion between some proto-bacteria and archae, founding eukaryotes, also through 5HT3 in depression determine much of its somatic crises. Two further pillars, \"pushback\" and \"shame-link\", are clarified by the parasympathetic (PS-) conspiciously 5HT3-rich \"nasal\" pterygo-palatine ganglion (PPG): PPG-1.) Intramural \"pushbacks\" intoxicating brain's tissues, show up on MRI e.g. along branches of the peri-/subcallosal artery. The brain-draining circular chambers, by CIMURAF, are plausibly driven by the PPG (and other PS-ganglia) through their dense nitrergic grid, causing loose wrung areas creating hyperboloid stenoses where they delimit contracted sliding segments PPG-2.) Existential conflicts trigger last-resort attacks, whereby the subduing are stopped into submissive shame. This plausibly occurs via the antidromic \"Suzuki-link\" from preparatory attack-biting (V3) via the trigeminal ggl. V3-V2-crosstalk onto the PPG, which, blushing via PACAP, maybe via MCs opens the BBB causing foggy confusion. Mushrooms may have acquired psilocybin to similarly stop feeding moves of worms (C. elegans) via the >100 5HT3-like ion channels. While on MOD-1 serotonin elicits \"dwelling\", collective feeding on just one fungus, psilocin could on promote audacious \"roaming\" (protecting fungi) - channel LGC-50 learning from this. The biphasic and pervasive H2S, being a dipole, might be flushed by ECT and on the 5HT3-receptors might get worms (and us) to move.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "39378462", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/39378462", "keywords": "Humans, Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39378462\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Mitochondrial Function", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1030, "title": "[Psychedelic and dissociative agents in psychiatry: challenges in the treatment].", "normalized_title": "psychedelic and dissociative agents in psychiatry challenges in the treatment", "authors": "Jungwirth J, Bavato F, Quednow BB.", "abstract": "With the discovery of the antidepressive effects of ketamine and the increasing withdrawal of the pharmaceutical industry from the development of new psychotropic drugs, the psychiatric research into the clinical application of hallucinogens in psychiatry has literally blossomed in the last two decades. Promising results for various treatment approaches with psychedelic agents, such lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin, and dissociative agents, such as ketamine and esketamine, have raised great hopes among researchers, clinicians and patients in recent years, so that there was already talk of a new era in psychiatry. As one of the first of these substances, in December 2019 intranasal esketamine was approved in the USA and the EU for the treatment of treatment-resistant depression and Switzerland followed in 2020. Recently, psilocybin was approved in Australia, Canada and Switzerland for compassionate use in exceptional cases for the treatment of depression, while large approval studies with various psychedelic agents are currently ongoing worldwide. The medical application of psychedelic agents and ketamine/esketamine is considered to be safe; however, as with all new forms of treatment it is of crucial importance that, in addition to the hopes, the specific challenges of these new treatment approaches must also be carefully considered and assessed. Excessive expectations and an insufficient risk-benefit estimation are detrimental to the patients and the reputation of the treating physician. Although a possible paradigm shift in the care of mental health is already being discussed, this review article consciously concentrates on the possible risks of treatment and the methodological weaknesses of the studies carried out so far.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s00115-024-01727-0", "pubmed_id": "39196383", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-024-01727-0", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Mental Disorders, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39196383\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1003, "title": "The role of psilocybin in depressive disorders.", "normalized_title": "the role of psilocybin in depressive disorders", "authors": "Najib J.", "abstract": "Depression is a serious psychiatric disorder with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality and psilocybin with psychotherapy has emerged as a promising potential in the treatment of depressive disorders. A review of psilocybin use in patients with depressive disorders is presented.A search was conducted investigating the use of psilocybin in patients with depressive disorders and treatment resistant depression via PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar in October 2023; all publication types were permitted and limited for English-language. Keyword search terms included: \"psilocybin\" or \"psychedelics\" and \"depression\", or \"major depressive disorder\", or \"treatment-resistant depression\". Controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials utilizing psilocybin with psychological support for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression, as well as in patients with depression and cancer related anxiety have demonstrated immediate and sustained antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Psilocybin has a favorable safety profile and was well-tolerated in clinical trials. Psilocybin's abuse potential is low and clinical research suggests the potential of psilocybin to produce rapid and lasting antidepressant effects up to 12 months post-treatment. Psilocybin may offer a valuable contribution as an option to the currently available pharmacological and psychotherapeutic agents for patients with major depressive disorders, treatment-resistant depression as well as for patients with depression and comorbid terminal cancer. Future studies are needed to demonstrate these findings and any synergistic interaction between psilocybin and the psychological support offered to patients during sessions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/03007995.2024.2396536", "pubmed_id": "39177339", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2396536", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39177339\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1049, "title": "Comparative oral monotherapy of psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, ayahuasca, and escitalopram for depressive symptoms: systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "comparative oral monotherapy of psilocybin lysergic acid diethylamide 3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine ayahuasca and escitalopram for depressive symptoms systematic review and bayesian network meta analysis", "authors": "Hsu TW, Tsai CK, Kao YC, Thompson T, Carvalho AF, Yang FC, Tseng PT, Hsu CW, Yu CL, Tu YK, Liang CS.", "abstract": "ObjectiveTo evaluate the comparative effectiveness and acceptability of oral monotherapy using psychedelics and escitalopram in patients with depressive symptoms, considering the potential for overestimated effectiveness due to unsuccessful blinding.DesignSystematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.Data sourcesMedline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrial.gov, and World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from database inception to 12 October 2023.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials on psychedelics or escitalopram in adults with depressive symptoms. Eligible randomised controlled trials of psychedelics (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (known as MDMA), lysergic acid diethylamide (known as LSD), psilocybin, or ayahuasca) required oral monotherapy with no concomitant use of antidepressants.Data extraction and synthesisThe primary outcome was change in depression, measured by the 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale. The secondary outcomes were all cause discontinuation and severe adverse events. Severe adverse events were those resulting in any of a list of negative health outcomes including, death, admission to hospital, significant or persistent incapacity, congenital birth defect or abnormality, and suicide attempt. Data were pooled using a random effects model within a Bayesian framework. To avoid estimation bias, placebo responses were distinguished between psychedelic and antidepressant trials.ResultsPlacebo response in psychedelic trials was lower than that in antidepression trials of escitalopram (mean difference -3.90 (95% credible interval -7.10 to -0.96)). Although most psychedelics were better than placebo in psychedelic trials, only high dose psilocybin was better than placebo in antidepression trials of escitalopram (mean difference 6.45 (3.19 to 9.41)). However, the effect size (standardised mean difference) of high dose psilocybin decreased from large (0.88) to small (0.31) when the reference arm changed from placebo response in the psychedelic trials to antidepressant trials. The relative effect of high dose psilocybin was larger than escitalopram at 10 mg (4.66 (95% credible interval 1.36 to 7.74)) and 20 mg (4.69 (1.64 to 7.54)). None of the interventions was associated with higher all cause discontinuation or severe adverse events than the placebo.ConclusionsOf the available psychedelic treatments for depressive symptoms, patients treated with high dose psilocybin showed better responses than those treated with placebo in the antidepressant trials, but the effect size was small.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, CRD42023469014.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-20", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1136/bmj-2023-078607", "pubmed_id": "39168500", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078607", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Administration, Oral, Bayes Theorem, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39168500\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4566, "title": "Psilocybin in the Treatment of Mental Disorders", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders", "authors": "Doğancan Sönmez, Aslı Enzel Koç", "abstract": "Psilosibin, klasik bir serotonerjik psikedelik madde olup, depresyon, anksiyete, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, yeme bozuklukları ve bağımlılık gibi ruhsal bozuklukların tedavisinde umut vaat etmektedir. Bu derleme, mevcut literatürü analiz ederek, psilosibinin terapötik etkilerini, olası mekanizmalarını ve klinik kullanımına dair etik ve yasal konuları ele almaktadır. Ayrıca, psilosibin destekli terapilerin gelecekteki klinik uygulamalarına ışık tutacak öneriler sunulmaktadır. Bu makale, psilosibinin potansiyelini anlamak ve ruh sağlığı alanında yeni tedavi stratejileri geliştirmek isteyen araştırmacılar ve klinisyenler için bir kaynak olmayı amaçlamaktadır.", "journal": "DergiPark (Istanbul University)", "publication_date": "2024-08-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.30708/mantar.1535344", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mantar/issue/91439/1535344", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Mental health, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, MEDLINE, Psychological stress, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414850748\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4414850748\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056603440\",\"display_name\":\"Doğancan Sönmez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0937-8264\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011770069\",\"display_name\":\"Aslı Enzel Koç\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-745X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401840\",\"source_display_name\":\"DergiPark (Istanbul University)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mantar/issue/91439/1535344\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4414850748" }, { "id": 1051, "title": "Comparison between Single-Dose and Two-Dose Psilocybin Administration in the Treatment of Major Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "comparison between single dose and two dose psilocybin administration in the treatment of major depression a systematic review and meta analysis of current clinical trials", "authors": "Salvetti G, Saccenti D, Moro AS, Lamanna J, Ferro M.", "abstract": "Current pharmacological treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) are often only partially effective, with many patients experiencing no significant benefit, leading to treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Psilocybin, a classical serotonergic psychedelic, has emerged as a notable emerging treatment for such disorders. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize and discuss the most recent evidence about the therapeutic effects of single-dose and two-dose psilocybin administration on the severity of depressive symptoms, as well as compare the efficacy of these interventions among patients with a primary diagnosis of MDD or TRD. Articles were collected from EBSCOhost and PubMed following the PRISMA guidelines, yielding 425 articles with 138 duplicates. After screening 287 records, 12 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. A quantitative analysis of the studies indicates that psilocybin is highly effective in reducing depressive symptoms severity among patients with primary MDD or TRD. Both single-dose and two-dose psilocybin treatments significantly reduced depressive symptoms severity, with two-dose administration sometimes yielding more pronounced and lasting effects. However, it is unclear if this was solely due to dosage or other factors. Future research should include standardized trials comparing these dosing strategies to better inform clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci14080829", "pubmed_id": "39199520", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14080829", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39199520\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 980, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for existential distress: practical considerations for therapeutic application-a review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for existential distress practical considerations for therapeutic application a review", "authors": "Kim A, Halton B, Shah A, Seecof OM, Ross S.", "abstract": "Existential distress is commonly experienced by patients diagnosed with a life-threatening illness. This condition has been shown to adversely impact quality of life and is correlated with increased suicidal ideation and requests for hastened death. While palliative care teams are experienced in treating depression and anxiety, existential distress is a distinct clinical condition for which traditional medications and psychotherapy approaches demonstrate limited efficacy or duration of effect. Psychedelic drugs, including psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), in conjunction with psychotherapy have been shown to produce rapid and sustained reductions in existential and psychiatric distress and may be a promising treatment for patients facing existential distress in palliative care settings. In this narrative review article, we describe the history of psychedelic medicine including early studies and the modern wave of research over the past 20 years, which includes high quality clinical trial data. This review outlines specific considerations for therapeutic application of psilocybin including pharmacokinetics, patient selection, dosing, protocol designs, and safeguards to reduce potential adverse effects to help guide future psychedelic practitioners. With growing public interest and evolving state level policy reforms allowing access to psychedelic treatments, it is critical for palliative care providers to gain familiarity with the current state of science and the potential of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of existential distress.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-15", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.21037/apm-24-35", "pubmed_id": "39168642", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-24-35", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Palliative Care, Stress, Psychological, Existentialism, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39168642\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1053, "title": "The association between diverse psychological protocols and the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy for clinical depressive symptoms: a Bayesian meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "the association between diverse psychological protocols and the efficacy of psilocybin assisted therapy for clinical depressive symptoms a bayesian meta analysis", "authors": "Chen MH, Cheng SL, Kao YC, Tseng PT, Hsu CW, Yu CL, Yang FC, Thompson T, Hsu TW, Liang CS.", "abstract": "ObjectivePsilocybin-assisted therapy has shown promising efficacy on clinical depressive symptoms. However, diverse psychological support or psychotherapy was performed with psilocybin treatment. This study aimed to explore the association of psychological protocols with the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy for depressive symptoms.MethodFive major databases were systemic searched for clinical trials addressing psilocybin-assisted therapy for patients with clinical depressive symptoms. A Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed. The effect size was mean difference (with 95% credible interval) measured by 17-Item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.ResultsThere were 10 eligible studies including 515 adult patients with clinically diagnosed depression. The psychological protocols could be categorized into four types: (i) manualized directive psychotherapy(k=1); (ii) manualized nondirective psychological support(k=3), (iii) non-manualized nondirective psychological support(k=5); and (iv) non-manualized supportive psychotherapy(k=1). The pooled standard mean difference of psilocybin-assisted therapy was 10.08 (5.03-14.70).ConclusionCompared with manualized nondirective psychological support, the other three psychological approaches did not differ significantly. The improvement of depressive symptoms was not associated with the psychological protocols in adult patients receiving psilocybin-assisted therapy.Systemic review registrationOpen Science Framework: identifier (osf.io/3YUDV).", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1439347", "pubmed_id": "39193583", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1439347", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39193583\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1006, "title": "Psilocybin for clinical indications: A scoping review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for clinical indications a scoping review", "authors": "Madden K, Flood B, Young Shing D, Ade-Conde M, Kashir I, Mark M, MacKillop J, Bhandari M, Adili A.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelic drugs have been of interest in medicine since the early 1950s. There has recently been a resurgence of interest in psychedelics.AimsThe objective of this study is to determine the extent of the available literature on psilocybin for medical indications including the designs used, study characteristics, indications studied, doses, and authors' conclusions. We identify areas for further study where there are research gaps.MethodsWe conducted a systematic scoping review of clinical indications for psilocybin, encompassing psychiatric and medical conditions. We systematically searched Medline and Embase using keywords related to psilocybin. We reviewed titles and texts in duplicate using Covidence software. We extracted data individually in duplicate using Covidence software and a senior reviewer resolved all author conflicts. We analyzed data descriptively.ResultsWe included 193 published and 80 ongoing studies. Thirty-seven percent of included studies were systematic reviews. Only 12% of included studies were randomized controlled trials. The median number of participants was 22 with a median of 18 participants who had taken psilocybin. Thirty-eight percent of studies reported at least one potential conflict of interest. The most common indication was depression (28%). Also commonly studied were substance use (14%), mental health in life-threatening illness (9%), headaches (6%), depression and anxiety (6%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (3%), and anxiety disorders (3%).ConclusionsMost studies involving the administration of psilocybin have small sample sizes and the most common focus has been psychiatric disorders. There is a need for high-quality randomized trials on psilocybin and to expand consideration to other promising indications, such as chronic pain.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-12", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241269751", "pubmed_id": "39135496", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241269751", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39135496\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4569, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy: Advancements, challenges, and future directions for treating resistant depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy advancements challenges and future directions for treating resistant depression", "authors": "Rodolfo Myronn de Melo Rodrigues", "abstract": "Depression is a global public health challenge that represents the world's largest cause of disability, especially in the context of traditional treatments. One potential solution being explored is psilocybin assisted psychotherapy (PAP) which shows promise for treating depression. A recent study by Rosenblat et al. explores the use of psilocybin in clinical mental care with promising results (1).", "journal": "Psychedelics.", "publication_date": "2024-08-11", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.61373/pp024c.0022", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.61373/pp024c.0022", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404285144\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4404285144\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W3204230901\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200117112\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283813871\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385898071\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392203910\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393098899\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395685207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4398774731\",\"https://openalex.org/W4404286069\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003451878\",\"display_name\":\"Rodolfo Myronn de Melo Rodrigues\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0529-7846\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4404675698\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelics.\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.61373/pp024c.0022\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4404285144" }, { "id": 3609, "title": "An Open Label Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Participants With Treatment-Resistant Depression (P-TRD)", "normalized_title": "an open label study of the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in participants with treatment resistant depression p trd", "authors": "Sheppard Pratt Health System", "abstract": "The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of psilocybin (25 mg) administered under supportive conditions to adult participants with severe TRD, in improving depressive symptoms.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-08-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04433858", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04433858\",\"overall_status\":\"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3467, "title": "PSilocybin for psYCHological and Existential Distress in PALliative Care (PSYCHED-PAL): A Multi-site, Open-label, Single Arm Phase I/II Proof-of-concept, Dose-finding, and Feasibility Clinical Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for psychological and existential distress in palliative care psyched pal a multi site open label single arm phase i ii proof of concept dose finding and feasibility clinical trial", "authors": "Ottawa Hospital Research Institute", "abstract": "The goal of this multi-centre phase I/II open-label, single-arm study is to determine the safety, feasibility, therapeutic dose, and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin microdosing to treat psychological distress among patients with advanced illness. Forty patients will receive psilocybin drug product (1-3mg per day, Mon-Fri) for 4 weeks to be administered via oral capsules by the participant. Feasibility (recruitment rate, rate of intervention and follow-up completion), safety (rate of adverse events), dosing, and preliminary efficacy (depression, anxiety, overall well-being, and global impression of change) will be measured. Patients with advanced illness report feeling a sense of hopelessness, loss of autonomy and relationships, and a lack of purpose in life. These feelings of psychological suffering have been described as \"existential distress\" and are associated with poor outcomes, including decreased medication adherence and quality of life, increased desire for hastened death and rates of suicide, and has been identified as a primary reason why individuals pursue medical assistance in dying (MAiD). Current treatments for psychological and existential suffering have low efficacy and are challenging to use in a palliative context. Pharmacological approaches for treating psychological suffering may reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, but evidence to support their efficacy in palliative care (PC) is underwhelming. Antidepressant and anxiolytic medications also take time to work and can cause serious side effects such as falls and confusion, which can be substantial deterrents for patients. Similarly, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have demonstrated psychotherapeutic interventions show limited benefit in a PC population. Further, psychotherapy can be time consuming and slow to work, which is not ideal for patients with limited life expectancy. Given the burden of psychological and existential distress among patients followed by PC providers, there is a need to develop scalable, brief, and rapidly effective therapeutic approaches to reduce this distress. Psychedelic medications offer an innovative, safe, complementary approach to address psychological and existential suffering in patients receiving PC. Studies from the 1950's showed serotonergic hallucinogens (\"psychedelics\") improved depression and anxiety symptoms in cancer patients. However, legislative changes restricted the use of these medications in clinical care and research. Interest in psychedelic medications has been rekindled by two recently published RCTs that studied the use of psilocybin (a mushroom-derived 5HT2A agonist) during a single psychotherapeutic session in cancer patients with anxiety and/or depression. These trials demonstrated rapid, clinically meaningful, and long-lasting reductions in depressed mood and/or anxiety symptoms and improvements in quality of life and death acceptance. There is also evidence suggesting psilocybin microdosing - taking sub-hallucinogenic doses continuously over longer time periods, rather than a one-time hallucinogenic dose - can improve mood and anxiety. The effects of microdosing, however, have not been rigorously evaluated, particularly in patients with life limiting illness. Results from recent trials are encouraging but knowledge gaps remain. First, studies to date primarily enrolled patients with localized disease who experience different distress than that of patients with advanced disease who are near the end of life. Second, it is unclear if Canadians would find psilocybin an attractive option in the context of MAiD legalization, which provides an alternative option for patients with severe psychological suffering. Third, there is no empirical research on the therapeutic effects of psilocybin microdosing, as most studies have followed macrodosing protocols. While preliminary efficacy of macrodosing has been demonstrated, there are important barriers to administering this therapy in a PC context. Previous trials had slow recruitment rates, suggesting there may be barriers related to the acceptability of psilocybin macrodosing from the perspectives of patients and families. Macrodosing requires the patient to dedicate an entire day to participating in a guided hallucinogenic experience and remain in an acute care setting where they can be closely monitored. It also requires patients to engage in preparatory sessions with monitors and a post-therapy session. In a PC context, this time commitment may not be acceptable or feasible for patients who are nearing the end of life. Additionally, macrodosing requires at least two trained moderators to guide the patient through their psychedelic experience and facilitate the pre- and post-dosing sessions. In most PC settings, it is not feasible to have clinicians dedicate two days to a single patient, thus limiting the scalability of this intervention. Psilocybin microdosing has the potential to overcome barriers to the feasibility and acceptability of macrodosing. By removing the requirement for trained moderators, minimizing the time commitment required of patients, eliminating the hallucinogenic effects of the therapy, and allowing patients to receive treatment either as an inpatient or in the community, microdosing may be a more acceptable option to patients and families and allow psychedelic therapy to be scalable across various PC settings. Psilocybin microdosing is a novel, complementary therapy that, while still unproven for patients near the end of life, has the potential to fundamentally change the way psychological and existential distress is responded to in PC, improving the lives of the 30% of patients who experience this suffering at the end of life. Objective To determine if psilocybin microdosing is a safe and feasible treatment for psychological distress among patients nearing the end of life followed by palliative care providers. All participants will receive a 4-week psilocybin microdosing intervention. The secondary objective is to examine the preliminary efficacy of psilocybin microdosing. Sample Size As this is a feasibility study, no formal sample size calculation was performed to determine the number of patients required to reach a level of precision on any study endpoint. Rather, the goal of this study is to provide estimates, along with their margins of error, of the recruitment rate and efficacy outcomes which will inform a subsequent two-arm randomized controlled trial. Participating sites see approximately 5,300 patients per year. It is anticipated that 30% will have psychological distress. Assuming a minimum of 1 in 6 patients are eligible and 15% of eligible patients will enroll, the goal is to enroll a sample of 20 participants in up to 1-year period. Statistical Analysis Analyses will adopt an intent-to-treat approach. Because the goal of this trial is to demonstrate feasibility and preliminary measures of efficacy, the main analyses will include calculation of feasibility outcomes using descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), as well as effect sizes with 95% CIs for primary and secondary efficacy measures, comparing patients' 4-week follow-up assessments to baseline assessments. Participants will also be stratified based on demographic and clinical characteristics to assess trends in outcomes. Notably, there is some evidence that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in particular may attenuate the effects of psilocybin. As such, sub-analyses will evaluate outcomes in participants taking an SSRI medication versus those who are not. A sub-group analysis by setting of care (inpatient vs outpatient/community) will also be conducted. Analyses of safety data will include the mean and standard deviation of the peak effect observed (i.e. highest observed blood pressure, heart rate) and proportion of participants experiencing adverse mood and behaviour events. The incidence of delirium and serotonin syndrome will also be recorded. Details of Eligibility, Intervention Protocol, and Outcome Measures are provided elsewhere.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-08-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04754061", "keywords": "Depression, Anxiety, Distress, Emotional, Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04754061\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\",\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Cancer Patients,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1004, "title": "Letter to editor regarding \"Psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis\".", "normalized_title": "letter to editor regarding psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Yang X, Kuang W.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-08-07", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116136", "pubmed_id": "39141970", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116136", "keywords": "Humans, Depression, Meta-Analysis as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39141970\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3438, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: Feasibility, Clinical Efficacy & (Neuro)Cognitive Mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder feasibility clinical efficacy neuro cognitive mechanisms", "authors": "Brugmann University Hospital", "abstract": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, 7-month Parallel-Group Phase II Superiority Trial A substantial proportion of patients with alcohol use disorder does not respond to available treatments, which calls for the development of new alternatives. In parallel, psilocybin-assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder has recently yielded promising preliminary results. Building on extant findings, the proposed study aims to determine the feasibility and preliminary clinical efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy as a complementary intervention during inpatient rehabilitation for severe alcohol use disorder, and to characterize associated changes in the two key neurocognitive systems identified by dual-process models of addiction. In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-month parallel-group phase II superiority trial, 62 participants aged 21-64 years will be enrolled to undergo psilocybin-assisted therapy within the context of a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation for severe alcohol use disorder. The experimental group will receive a high dose of psilocybin (30 mg), whereas the control group will receive an active placebo dose of psilocybin, both within the context of a brief standardized psychotherapeutic intervention. The primary clinical outcome is the between-group difference in terms of the change in percentage of heavy drinking days from baseline to four weeks post-hospital discharge, whilst safety and feasibility metrics will also be reported as primary outcomes. Key secondary assessments include between-group differences in terms of changes in 1) drinking behavior parameters up to six months post-hospital discharge, 2) phosphatidyl-ethanol blood concentration, an objective biomarker of alcohol consumption, 3) symptoms of depression, anxiety, trauma, and global functioning, 4) neuroplasticity and key neurocognitive mechanisms associated with addiction, 5) psychological processes and alcohol-related parameters.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-08-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06160232", "keywords": "Severe Alcohol Use Disorder, Psilocybin (high dose), Active placebo (low dose of psilocybin), RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06160232\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4572, "title": "Different hierarchical reconfigurations in the brain by psilocybin and escitalopram for depression", "normalized_title": "different hierarchical reconfigurations in the brain by psilocybin and escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Gustavo Deco, Yonatan Sanz Perl, Samuel Johnson, Niamh Bourke, Robin Carhart-Harris, Morten L. Kringelbach", "abstract": "Abstract Effective interventions for neuropsychiatric disorders may work by rebalancing the brain’s functional hierarchical organization. Here we directly investigated the effects of two different serotonergic pharmacological interventions on functional brain hierarchy in major depressive disorder in a two-arm double-blind phase II randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin therapy (22 patients) with escitalopram (20 patients). Patients with major depressive disorder received either 2 × 25 mg of oral psilocybin, three weeks apart, plus six weeks of daily placebo (‘psilocybin arm’) or 2 × 1 mg of oral psilocybin, three weeks apart, plus six weeks of daily escitalopram (10-20 mg; ‘escitalopram arm’). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired at baseline and three weeks after the second psilocybin dose ( NCT03429075 ). The brain mechanisms were captured by generative effective connectivity, estimated from whole-brain modeling of resting state for each session and patient. Hierarchy was determined for each of these sessions using measures of directedness and trophic levels on the effective connectivity, which captures cycle structure, stability and percolation. The results showed that the two pharmacological interventions created significantly different hierarchical reconfigurations of whole-brain dynamics with differential, opposite statistical effect responses. Furthermore, the use of machine learning revealed significant differential reorganization of brain hierarchy before and after the two treatments. Machine learning was also able to predict treatment response with an accuracy of 0.85 ± 0.04. Overall, the results demonstrate that psilocybin and escitalopram work in different ways for rebalancing brain dynamics in depression. This suggests the hypothesis that neuropsychiatric disorders could be closely linked to the breakdown in regions orchestrating brain dynamics from the top of the hierarchy.", "journal": "Nature Mental Health", "publication_date": "2024-08-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s44220-024-00298-y", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00298-y", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Mirtazapine, Psychiatry, Placebo, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Anxiety, Cognition, Antidepressant, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health Research Topics, Functional Brain Connectivity Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401339608\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401339608\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":38,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W3598568\",\"https://openalex.org/W1040825594\",\"https://openalex.org/W1457655188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607114662\",\"https://openalex.org/W1822737135\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965322550\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970113884\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994310769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000619457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004874491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005933475\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006096283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013523345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015122390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019587683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021469680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024057644\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025818964\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041782669\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072372317\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072522618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080744486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101135654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114104729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117663940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131398580\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140852353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142858796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148764920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151721316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170596036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266871031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537247270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590144118\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594366375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605399484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608304771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616940960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2752088033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896587207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898334035\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898717395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949553675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953144044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969829800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974707943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988850692\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992870756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998556284\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999196735\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015902292\",\"https://openalex.org/W3032421086\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036741565\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039116382\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3053791106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083912884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084035636\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093680025\",\"https://openalex.org/W3115516966\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118861474\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125207107\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127233196\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149674515\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211557128\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212092480\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205126261\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223566727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224065622\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226057129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229018528\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281774703\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294786221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294786645\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312117875\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313251651\",\"https://openalex.org/W4316016059\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317212041\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318339510\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321033185\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327566759\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327914778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365515050\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379284995\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379879129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391678591\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391898793\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047963275\",\"display_name\":\"Gustavo Deco\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8995-7583\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091490801\",\"display_name\":\"Yonatan Sanz Perl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-5564\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045781811\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8648-1735\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111281049\",\"display_name\":\"Niamh Bourke\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043559110\",\"display_name\":\"Morten L. Kringelbach\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-6898\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387286578\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Mental Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00298-y\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401339608" }, { "id": 4574, "title": "Insights into the efficacy of psilocybin in treating depression and other disorders", "normalized_title": "insights into the efficacy of psilocybin in treating depression and other disorders", "authors": "Sarah Jane Palmer", "abstract": "This article discusses evidence that offers insights into the effects of psilocybin on the brain and its potential role in alleviating the symptoms of some neuropsychiatric conditions.", "journal": "British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing", "publication_date": "2024-08-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.12968/bjnn.2024.0046", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2024.0046", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Psychology, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Clinical efficacy, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401907376\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401907376\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4400729513\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110891027\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Jane Palmer\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764522822\",\"source_display_name\":\"British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2024.0046\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401907376" }, { "id": 1065, "title": "Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: where is the psychotherapy research?", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted psychotherapy where is the psychotherapy research", "authors": "Aday JS, Horton D, Fernandes-Osterhold G, O'Donovan A, Bradley ER, Rosen RC, Woolley JD", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has emerged as a potential treatment for a variety of mental health conditions, including substance use disorders and depression. Current models of PAP emphasize the importance of psychotherapeutic support before, during, and after ingestion of a psychedelic to maximize safety and clinical benefit. Despite this ubiquitous assumption, there has been surprisingly little empirical investigation of the \"psychotherapy\" in PAP, leaving critical questions about the necessary and sufficient components of PAP unanswered. As clinical trials for psychedelic compounds continue the transition from safety- and feasibility-testing to evaluating efficacy, the role of the accompanying psychotherapy must be better understood to enhance scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying therapeutic change, optimize clinical outcomes, and inform cost-effectiveness. The present paper first reviews the current status of psychotherapy in the PAP literature, starting with recent debates regarding \"psychotherapy\" versus \"psychological support\" and then overviewing published clinical trial psychotherapy models and putative models informed by theory. We then delineate lessons that PAP researchers can leverage from traditional psychotherapy research regarding standardizing treatments (e.g., publish treatment manuals, establish eligibility criteria for providers), identifying mechanisms of change (e.g., measure established mechanisms in psychotherapy), and optimizing clinical trial designs (e.g., consider dismantling studies, comparative efficacy trials, and cross-lagged panel designs). Throughout this review, the need for increased research into the psychotherapeutic components of treatment in PAP is underscored. PAP is a distinct, integrative, and transdisciplinary intervention. Future research designs should consider transdisciplinary research methodologies to identify best practices and inform federal guidelines for PAP administration.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-07-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-024-06620-x", "pubmed_id": "38782821", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38782821/", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychedelic, Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy models, Review", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:36", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"38782821\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1056, "title": "CURRENT STATE OF PSILOCYBIN-ASSISTED THERAPY IN MOOD DISORDERS.", "normalized_title": "current state of psilocybin assisted therapy in mood disorders", "authors": "Kaiserman A, Vanderjist L, Kornreich C.", "abstract": "Psychedelics are currently undergoing a scientific renaissance, with modern studies investigating therapeutic efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapy in a range of psychiatric conditions. In particular, psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has been suggested to have positive effects on patients suffering from depression and psychiatric distress associated with life-threatening disease - contexts with growing needs for alternative treatments - in a therapeutic setting involving fewer doses and less important adverse effect compared to that of classic psychotrope administration. Psychedelics are partial agonists of the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) G protein-coupled receptors, whose activation likely mediates the acute psychoactive effects. Furthermore, psychedelics seem to induce a hyper-plastic state which allows for adaptation of inflexible pathological thinking patterns. Post-acutely, they are suggested to induce rapid, robust and sustained neuroplasticity. Eight clinical PAT trials have been conducted between January 1st 2001 and March 31st 2023 and are reviewed here. Five of them evaluate the effect on depressive symptomatology in an otherwise general population. The other three evaluate effect on depression and anxiety in patients suffering from somatic life-threatening disease. The studies reviewed here show that PAT is safe and feasible to administer in current clinical models. Preliminary efficacy shows significant improvements in depressive and anxious symptomatology which are immediate and partially sustained. One study comparing PAT to selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors showed no significant difference of efficacy between the two treatments. Preliminary results regarding efficacy of PAT on mood disorders are promising, but further research is warranted for stronger inferences, with a particular focus on larger, multicentric studies, more diverse populations and a stronger control for expectancy and unblinding.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-07-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.24869/psyd.2024.174", "pubmed_id": "39546645", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2024.174", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mood Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39546645\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4578, "title": "Psilocybin - A Drug to be Considered for the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression in Cancer Patients", "normalized_title": "psilocybin a drug to be considered for the treatment of anxiety and depression in cancer patients", "authors": "V Suresh, Jitendra Lakhani, R Balaraman", "abstract": "Cancer patients are more vulnerable to developing psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression. These conditions give an additional burden leading to poor quality of life. The available antidepressant and antianxiety drugs are not very useful in improving quality of life by reducing anxiety and depressive episodes. Therefore, there is a need for good drugs to alleviate the psychiatric problems among cancer patients. The recent reviews deal with the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of patients suffering from anxiety and depression.", "journal": "Journal of Natural Remedies", "publication_date": "2024-07-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.18311/jnr/2024/35676", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jnr/2024/35676", "keywords": "Anxiety, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Medicine, Cancer, Psychiatry, Quality of life (healthcare), Drug, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Economics, Nursing, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401276469\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401276469\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W885150323\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966152590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015045196\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044384616\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066231855\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121828573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123179625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138201557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141585509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144269887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145998697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157195823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2366678371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2772914282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793644042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940589604\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200199305\",\"https://openalex.org/W6701272370\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042537562\",\"display_name\":\"V Suresh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-1390\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058850724\",\"display_name\":\"Jitendra Lakhani\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-520X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037988018\",\"display_name\":\"R Balaraman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2619-4862\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764727456\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Natural Remedies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jnr/2024/35676\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401276469" }, { "id": 3450, "title": "Psilocybin for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for the treatment of major depressive disorder", "authors": "Washington University School of Medicine", "abstract": "The goal of this study is to assess the effectiveness of psilocybin for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder and potential therapeutic mechanisms. Enrolled participants will receive a single active dose of psilocybin, or a dose considered high enough to treat depression, administered orally with accompanying psychological support.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-07-24", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05675800", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05675800\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1008, "title": "Current Perspectives on the Clinical Research and Medicalization of Psychedelic Drugs for Addiction Treatments: Safety, Efficacy, Limitations and Challenges.", "normalized_title": "current perspectives on the clinical research and medicalization of psychedelic drugs for addiction treatments safety efficacy limitations and challenges", "authors": "Gomez-Escolar A, Folch-Sanchez D, Stefaniuk J, Swithenbank Z, Nisa A, Braddick F, Idrees Chaudhary N, van der Meer PB, Batalla A.", "abstract": "Mental health disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs) in particular, contribute greatly to the global burden of disease. Psychedelics, including entactogens and dissociative substances, are currently being explored for the treatment of SUDs, yet with less empirical clinical evidence than for other mental health disorders, such as depression or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this narrative review, we discuss the current clinical research evidence, therapeutic potential and safety of psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ketamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and ibogaine, particularly in the context of the SUD treatment. Our aim was to provide a balanced overview of the current research and findings on potential benefits and harms of psychedelics in clinical settings for SUD treatment. We highlight the need for more clinical research in this particular treatment area and point out some limitations and challenges to be addressed in future research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-07-19", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s40263-024-01101-3", "pubmed_id": "39033264", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-024-01101-3", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Biomedical Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39033264\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1074, "title": "Longitudinal experiences of Canadians receiving compassionate access to psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "longitudinal experiences of canadians receiving compassionate access to psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Sara de la Salle, Hannes Kettner, Julien Thibault Lévesque, Nicolas Garel, Shannon Dames, Ryan Patchett-Marble, Soham Rej, Sara G. Gloeckler, David Erritzøe, Robin Carhart-Harris, Kyle T. Greenway", "abstract": "Abstract Recent clinical trials have found that the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin effectively alleviates anxiodepressive symptoms in patients with life-threatening illnesses when given in a supportive environment. These outcomes prompted Canada to establish legal pathways for therapeutic access to psilocybin, coupled with psychological support. Despite over one-hundred Canadians receiving compassionate access since 2020, there has been little examination of these ‘real-world’ patients. We conducted a prospective longitudinal survey which focused on Canadians who were granted Section 56 exemptions for legal psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. Surveys assessing various symptom dimensions were conducted at baseline, two weeks following the session (endpoint), and optionally one day post-session. Participant characteristics were examined using descriptive statistics, and paired sample t -tests were used to quantify changes from baseline to the two-week post-treatment endpoint. Eight participants with Section 56 exemptions (four females, M age = 52.3 years), all with cancer diagnoses, fully completed baseline and endpoint surveys. Significant improvements in anxiety and depression symptoms, pain, fear of COVID-19, quality of life, and spiritual well-being were observed. Attitudes towards death, medical assistance in dying, and desire for hastened death remained unchanged. While most participants found the psilocybin sessions highly meaningful, if challenging, one reported a substantial decrease in well-being due to the experience. These preliminary data are amongst the first to suggest that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy can produce psychiatric benefits in real-world patients akin to those observed in clinical trials. Limited enrollment and individual reports of negative experiences indicate the need for formal real-world evaluation programs to surveil the ongoing expansion of legal access to psychedelics.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-07-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-66817-0", "pubmed_id": "39019922", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66817-0", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Compassionate Use, Psychotherapist, Psychology, MEDLINE, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Biology, Internal medicine, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400737202\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":21,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1988792451\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989263139\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041805221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043418489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089047250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137699706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2465340358\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809775049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993734271\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013355453\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196993476\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225857844\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283584241\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296613147\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383187032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386522609\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050030727\",\"display_name\":\"Sara de la Salle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-5938\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074265418\",\"display_name\":\"Julien Thibault Lévesque\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-6680\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086538803\",\"display_name\":\"Nicolas Garel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-9943\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080043337\",\"display_name\":\"Shannon Dames\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1609-4243\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077256051\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Patchett-Marble\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043500597\",\"display_name\":\"Soham Rej\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-9124\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092898382\",\"display_name\":\"Sara G. Gloeckler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8316-0672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086630833\",\"display_name\":\"Kyle T. Greenway\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-493X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66817-0\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400737202" }, { "id": 1076, "title": "Serotoninergic antidepressants combination in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy: a case report", "normalized_title": "serotoninergic antidepressants combination in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy a case report", "authors": "André Do, Vanessa Michaud, Jean-François Stephan, Miltiadis Moreau, Élise Benoît, Felix-Antoine Berubé, Antoine Bibaud-De Serres, Alain Taillefer, Philippe Vincent", "abstract": "Psilocybin has reemerged as a promising treatment for difficult-to-treat depression (DTD). Although there is limited evidence regarding interactions between psilocybin and other psychotropic drugs, clinical trials require that patients discontinue their antidepressants before study entry to isolate the benefits of psilocybin and to minimize the risk of adverse events. We present the first case of an adult patient with DTD who received psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) in combination with two serotoninergic antidepressants (duloxetine and vortioxetine). Since he displayed a partial response after the first PAP session, he agreed to discontinue duloxetine (but refused to stop vortioxetine) before the second PAP session to see if it could improve the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin. However, his anxiety and depressive symptoms worsened. Psilocybin was well-tolerated in both PAP sessions; mild headaches were the main adverse effects experienced by the patient, and there were no cardiovascular safety concerns. This case report suggests that serotoninergic antidepressants combination with psilocybin appears to be safe and that antidepressant discontinuation prior to PAP may not be necessary. Since the continuation of antidepressants during PAP has the potential to improve treatment acceptability and accessibility, future research should assess whether psilocybin can be administered concurrently with antidepressants.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-07-15", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1394962", "pubmed_id": "39086732", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1394962", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Vortioxetine, Duloxetine, Antidepressant, Discontinuation, Medicine, Psychiatry, Serotonergic, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Anxiety, Mirtazapine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Internal medicine, Mood, Alternative medicine, Serotonin, Pathology, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400695899\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400695899\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4220686515\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037237207\",\"display_name\":\"André Do\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113291624\",\"display_name\":\"Vanessa Michaud\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027250223\",\"display_name\":\"Jean-François Stephan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7376-208X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071526629\",\"display_name\":\"Miltiadis Moreau\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108529244\",\"display_name\":\"Élise Benoît\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042633452\",\"display_name\":\"Felix-Antoine Berubé\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044793939\",\"display_name\":\"Antoine Bibaud-De Serres\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104605528\",\"display_name\":\"Alain Taillefer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063210785\",\"display_name\":\"Philippe Vincent\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9194-6755\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1394962\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Case Report,Safety,Adverse Events,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400695899" }, { "id": 1077, "title": "Psilocybin for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for the treatment of alzheimer s disease", "authors": "Zheng S, Ma R, Yang Y, Li G.", "abstract": "Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as a formidable neurodegenerative ailment and a prominent contributor to dementia. The scarcity of available therapies for AD accentuates the exigency for innovative treatment modalities. Psilocybin, a psychoactive alkaloid intrinsic to hallucinogenic mushrooms, has garnered attention within the neuropsychiatric realm due to its established safety and efficacy in treating depression. Nonetheless, its potential as a therapeutic avenue for AD remains largely uncharted. This comprehensive review endeavors to encapsulate the pharmacological effects of psilocybin while elucidating the existing evidence concerning its potential mechanisms contributing to a positive impact on AD. Specifically, the active metabolite of psilocybin, psilocin, elicits its effects through the modulation of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (5-HT2A receptor). This modulation causes heightened neural plasticity, diminished inflammation, and improvements in cognitive functions such as creativity, cognitive flexibility, and emotional facial recognition. Noteworthy is psilocybin's promising role in mitigating anxiety and depression symptoms in AD patients. Acknowledging the attendant adverse reactions, we proffer strategies aimed at tempering or mitigating its hallucinogenic effects. Moreover, we broach the ethical and legal dimensions inherent in psilocybin's exploration for AD treatment. By traversing these avenues, We propose therapeutic potential of psilocybin in the nuanced management of Alzheimer's disease.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-07-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2024.1420601", "pubmed_id": "39050672", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1420601", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39050672\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Creativity,Review Article,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4590, "title": "Psilocybin in the Management of Substance Use Disorders: A Summary ofCurrent Evidence", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the management of substance use disorders a summary ofcurrent evidence", "authors": "Hussein El Bourji, Aziz Farhat, Zahi Hamdan, Ritvij Satodiya, Rashmi Shukla, Samer El Hayek", "abstract": "Background: Following clinical trials on psilocybin for the treatment of pain, anxiety, and depression in patients with cancer, scientific interest emerged in its use for substance use disorders. Methods: In this review of the literature, we summarize available trials looking at the use of psilocybin in addiction Results: One double-blind, randomized clinical trial looked at the effect of psilocybin on heavy drinking in adults diagnosed with alcohol dependence. Several trials are currently ongoing to assess psilocybin’s efficacy in the management of different SUDs. Otherwise, the current evidence is insufficient to derive any conclusions on the possible efficacy of psilocybin in substance use disorders. Conclusions: More well-powered, blinded, randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of psilocybin in addiction while identifying the appropriate conditions that promote its safe use.", "journal": "Current Psychopharmacologye", "publication_date": "2024-07-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.2174/0122115560288779240628043307", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115560288779240628043307", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Substance use, Current (fluid), Psychology, Psychiatry, Electrical engineering, Engineering, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400323479\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400323479\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1892948428\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081515697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095349468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588071311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767891136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788524689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801279915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943880235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3020950088\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124059976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3174467043\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207479206\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211698153\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213463597\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210376981\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213251631\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223525754\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283275230\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283809381\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071524029\",\"display_name\":\"Hussein El Bourji\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2437-965X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113419594\",\"display_name\":\"Aziz Farhat\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092006372\",\"display_name\":\"Zahi Hamdan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9266-9438\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081781684\",\"display_name\":\"Ritvij Satodiya\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5056-9305\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054143365\",\"display_name\":\"Rashmi Shukla\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3489-7720\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000809178\",\"display_name\":\"Samer El Hayek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7975-6104\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210232948\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current Psychopharmacologye\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115560288779240628043307\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400323479" }, { "id": 1052, "title": "Addressing a major interference in the quantification of psilocin in mouse plasma: Development of a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method", "normalized_title": "addressing a major interference in the quantification of psilocin in mouse plasma development of a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method", "authors": "Amir Khajavinia, Déborah Michel, Udoka C. Ezeaka, Randy W. Purves, Robert B. Laprairie, Anas El-Aneed", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a psychedelic compound found in some hallucinogenic \"magic mushrooms\". Psilocin is the active metabolite of Psilocybin, and it is the subject of several studies for the treatment of psychological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. As such, the pharmacokinetic properties of psilocin should be evaluated to ensure its safety and efficacy as part of the drug development process. Based on the previously published studies, reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) was tested for psilocin quantification. The analysis, however, showed a major interference in mouse plasma that was not, to the best of our knowledge, reported previously. We, therefore, aimed to identify and separate the interference, using various chromatographic columns, mobile phase conditions, and mass spectrometers (MS) instruments. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system, and a quadrupole-linear ion trap equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used in positive ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Several chromatographic conditions and column chemistries, including C-18 and Phenyl-hexyl were initially tested, and failed to separate the interference. Exact mass measurement and MS/MS analysis were used to determine the structure of the interfering compound, which was confirmed to be tryptophan. Using the identified structure of the interfering compound, a fast and reliable hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)-MS/MS method was developed and validated, that was capable of separating psilocin from the interference while achieving a 0.5 ng/ml lower limit of quantification (LLOQ). The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study where psilocin was orally administered to C57BL/6 mouse subjects. Psilocin concentration in all the analyzed mouse plasma samples was successfully determined.", "journal": "Journal of Chromatography A", "publication_date": "2024-07-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465123", "pubmed_id": "38981146", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465123", "keywords": "Chemistry, Chromatography, Mass spectrometry, Electrospray ionization, Selected reaction monitoring, Hydrophilic interaction chromatography, Tandem mass spectrometry, Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Analyte, Ion suppression in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, High-performance liquid chromatography, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400333801\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400333801\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2015854884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017425875\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018904000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026114562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041480771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048765051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071926809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082182980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097781250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121160760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122510557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141387425\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735371049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903619067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911578096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985052748\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007973331\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110345791\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112557491\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113337956\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127123233\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134320342\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171789670\",\"https://openalex.org/W3176131373\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205618858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206486089\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220659540\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225113209\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282946726\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390665254\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391036082\",\"https://openalex.org/W6791614198\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079489909\",\"display_name\":\"Amir Khajavinia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-9213\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025639143\",\"display_name\":\"Déborah Michel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5161-8677\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027458374\",\"display_name\":\"Udoka C. Ezeaka\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008718839\",\"display_name\":\"Randy W. Purves\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037819900\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Laprairie\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9994-433X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042906285\",\"display_name\":\"Anas El-Aneed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1060-3609\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S176136234\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Chromatography A\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465123\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400333801" }, { "id": 638, "title": "Unraveling psilocybin’s therapeutic potential: behavioral and neuroplasticity insights in Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar male rat models of treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "unraveling psilocybin s therapeutic potential behavioral and neuroplasticity insights in wistar kyoto and wistar male rat models of treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Magdalena Kolasa, Agnieszka Nikiforuk, Agata Korlatowicz, Joanna Solich, Agnieszka Potasiewicz, Marta Dziedzicka-Wasylewska, Ryszard Bugno, Adam S. Hogendorf, Andrzej J. Bojarski, Agata Faron-Górecka", "abstract": "RATIONALE: Our study aimed to unravel the unknown mechanisms behind the exceptional efficacy of Psilocybin (PSI) in treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Focusing on Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats with a TRD phenotype and Wistar (WIS) rats as a normative comparison, we investigated behavioral and neuroplasticity-related responses to PSI, striving to shed light on the distinctive features of its antidepressant effects. OBJECTIVES: We set out to assess the behavioral impact of acute and prolonged PSI administration on WKY and WIS rats, employing Novel Object Recognition (NORT), Social Interaction (SI), and Forced Swimming Test (FST). Our secondary objectives involved exploring strain-specific alterations in neuroplasticity-related parameters, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc). METHODS: Conducting post-acute and extended assessments after a single PSI administration, we applied behavioral tests and biochemical analyses to measure serum BDNF levels and neuroplasticity-related parameters in the prefrontal cortex. Statistical analyses were deployed to discern significant differences between the rat strains and assess the impact of PSI on behavioral and biochemical outcomes. RESULTS: Our findings uncovered significant behavioral disparities between WKY and WIS rats, indicating passive behavior and social withdrawal in the former. PSI demonstrated pronounced pro-social and antidepressant effects in both strains, each with its distinctive temporal trajectory. Notably, we identified strain-specific variations in BDNF-related signaling and observed the modulation of Arc expression in WKY rats. CONCLUSIONS: Our study delineated mood-related behavioral nuances between WKY and WIS rat strains, underscoring the antidepressant and pro-social properties of PSI in both groups. The distinct temporal patterns of observed changes and the identified strain-specific neuroplasticity alterations provide valuable insights into the TRD phenotype and the mechanisms underpinning the efficacy of PSI.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-07-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-024-06644-3", "pubmed_id": "38963553", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-024-06644-3", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroplasticity, Depression (economics), Psychology, Neuroscience, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychopharmacology, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Amygdala, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400335852\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400335852\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":17,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W58602169\",\"https://openalex.org/W200719915\",\"https://openalex.org/W1505713219\",\"https://openalex.org/W1591302719\",\"https://openalex.org/W1688233106\",\"https://openalex.org/W1941293036\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964289699\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975187292\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983083273\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986767459\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991766265\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994124031\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999871144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003665687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003966687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003973769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013185658\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014381681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029167187\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045064151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055076038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056736512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063958495\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065021869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072115446\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082426782\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083534769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085049115\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086408797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089299823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090212155\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091064555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093828252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095521528\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098963193\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102182811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122148359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133371501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135425575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137877778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139565721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162238265\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2314142999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2465353484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2475453781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596798372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770890085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793853595\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892343289\",\"https://openalex.org/W2893284231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907565493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962912563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992790225\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010604170\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010803537\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022052974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047423626\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107793629\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109908198\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110821178\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134320342\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135005144\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165684389\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3186239788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205085416\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207895384\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220742604\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234562209\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280614952\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282963889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296373810\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308387631\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310571093\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310700160\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353071670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362575955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385234187\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386003427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387259638\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387949493\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390656905\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391757540\",\"https://openalex.org/W4395688958\",\"https://openalex.org/W6965285174\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052383511\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Kolasa\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2023-2699\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022670452\",\"display_name\":\"Agnieszka Nikiforuk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2424-8348\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073055765\",\"display_name\":\"Agata Korlatowicz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8926-3143\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069807940\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Solich\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7818-4263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060540666\",\"display_name\":\"Agnieszka Potasiewicz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6444-5637\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089673359\",\"display_name\":\"Marta Dziedzicka-Wasylewska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7030-7874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006523340\",\"display_name\":\"Ryszard Bugno\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-674X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034604911\",\"display_name\":\"Adam S. Hogendorf\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-3266\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025399512\",\"display_name\":\"Andrzej J. Bojarski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-6333\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027636060\",\"display_name\":\"Agata Faron-Górecka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8202-190X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-024-06644-3\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400335852" }, { "id": 1080, "title": "Engaging Mood Brain Circuits with Psilocybin (EMBRACE): a study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled and delayed-start, neuroimaging trial in depression", "normalized_title": "engaging mood brain circuits with psilocybin embrace a study protocol for a randomized placebo controlled and delayed start neuroimaging trial in depression", "authors": "Joshua M. Poulin, Gregory E. Bigford, Krista L. Lanctôt, Peter Giacobbe, Ayal Schaffer, Mark Sinyor, Jennifer S. Rabin, Mario Masellis, Amit Singnurkar, Christopher B. Pople, Nir Lipsman, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Xingshan Cao, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Sean M. Nestor", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide across domains of health and cognition, affecting overall quality of life. Approximately one third of individuals with depression do not fully respond to treatments (e.g., conventional antidepressants, psychotherapy) and alternative strategies are needed. Recent early phase trials suggest psilocybin may be a safe and efficacious intervention with rapid-acting antidepressant properties. Psilocybin is thought to exert therapeutic benefits by altering brain network connectivity and inducing neuroplastic changes that endure for weeks post-treatment. Although early clinical results are encouraging, psilocybin's acute neurobiological effects on neuroplasticity have not been fully investigated. We aim to examine for the first time how psilocybin acutely (intraday) and subacutely (weeks) alters functional brain networks implicated in depression. METHODS: Fifty participants diagnosed with MDD or persistent depressive disorder (PDD) will be recruited from a tertiary mood disorders clinic and undergo 1:1 randomization into either an experimental or control arm. Participants will be given either 25 mg psilocybin or 25 mg microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) placebo for the first treatment. Three weeks later, those in the control arm will transition to receiving 25 mg psilocybin. We will investigate whether treatments are associated with changes in arterial spin labelling and blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast neuroimaging assessments at acute and subacute timepoints. Primary outcomes include testing whether psilocybin demonstrates acute changes in (1) cerebral blood flow and (2) functional brain activity in networks associated with mood regulation and depression when compared to placebo, along with changes in MADRS score over time compared to placebo. Secondary outcomes include changes across complementary clinical psychiatric, cognitive, and functional scales from baseline to final follow-up. Serum peripheral neurotrophic and inflammatory biomarkers will be collected at baseline and follow-up to examine relationships with clinical response, and neuroimaging measures. DISCUSSION: This study will investigate the acute and additive subacute neuroplastic effects of psilocybin on brain networks affected by depression using advanced serial neuroimaging methods. Results will improve our understanding of psilocybin's antidepressant mechanisms versus placebo response and whether biological measures of brain function can provide early predictors of treatment response. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06072898. Registered on 6 October 2023.", "journal": "Trials", "publication_date": "2024-07-02", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1186/s13063-024-08268-6", "pubmed_id": "38956594", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-024-08268-6", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mood, Medicine, Major depressive disorder, Placebo, Neuroimaging, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Randomized controlled trial, Neuroplasticity, Clinical psychology, Functional neuroimaging, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Anxiety, Pathology, Macroeconomics, Economics, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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M. Poulin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027559430\",\"display_name\":\"Gregory E. Bigford\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8990-3465\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056420149\",\"display_name\":\"Krista L. Lanctôt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7024-6637\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090699665\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Giacobbe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6221\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061491090\",\"display_name\":\"Ayal Schaffer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-5042\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085212982\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Sinyor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-2584\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036040848\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer S. Rabin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4754-2221\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085497748\",\"display_name\":\"Mario Masellis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-2096\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018074156\",\"display_name\":\"Amit Singnurkar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1731-9507\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082808746\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher B. Pople\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7014-3280\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067783855\",\"display_name\":\"Nir Lipsman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4820-3056\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078217449\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-5750\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056656734\",\"display_name\":\"Xingshan Cao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024494721\",\"display_name\":\"Bradley J. MacIntosh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-2355\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023782543\",\"display_name\":\"Sean M. Nestor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-5027\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S109512841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Trials\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-024-08268-6\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Randomized Controlled Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400306738" }, { "id": 4594, "title": "Lifetime Depression and Psilocybin Mushroom Use in U.S. Adults, 2008-2019", "normalized_title": "lifetime depression and psilocybin mushroom use in u s adults 2008 2019", "authors": "Lauren Gorfinkel, Julia M. Bujno, Claire Walsh, Dvora Shmulewitz, Deborah S. Hasin", "abstract": "", "journal": "Drug and Alcohol Dependence", "publication_date": "2024-06-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110267", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110267", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Mushroom poisoning, Psychology, Mushroom, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Medicine, Poison control, Medical emergency, Biology, Food science, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400574683\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400574683\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091684982\",\"display_name\":\"Lauren Gorfinkel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5495-4027\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091956530\",\"display_name\":\"Julia M. Bujno\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066091859\",\"display_name\":\"Claire Walsh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6557-7183\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006609445\",\"display_name\":\"Dvora Shmulewitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-6183\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006572902\",\"display_name\":\"Deborah S. Hasin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-7021\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S109998069\",\"source_display_name\":\"Drug and Alcohol Dependence\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110267\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400574683" }, { "id": 1081, "title": "Treating Anxiety and Depression With Psilocybin Therapy.", "normalized_title": "treating anxiety and depression with psilocybin therapy", "authors": "Amanda Paige Hanstein, Chance Felchlin", "abstract": "", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2024-06-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "39079732", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39079732", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Anxiety, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401200580\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401200580\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106018427\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Paige Hanstein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5106163544\",\"display_name\":\"Chance Felchlin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39079732\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401200580" }, { "id": 1079, "title": "The Black Book of Psychotropic Dosing and Monitoring.", "normalized_title": "the black book of psychotropic dosing and monitoring", "authors": "DeBattista C, Schatzberg AF.", "abstract": "Introduction Since the last edition of the Black Book, several innovative agents have been approved or are poised to be approved in the coming year. These include novel antidepressants, the first muscarine agonist for the treatment of schizophrenia, the first psychedelic which may be approved for the treatment of PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), and the first disease modifying drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Three new antidepressants have come to the market in the past 18 months. The first of those, Auvelity, the combination of bupropion and dextromethorphan, takes advantage of a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic synergism between the two drugs.85 Dextromethorphan has several pharmacodynamic properties including actions on the NMDA receptor and the Sigma 1 receptor, adding to the indirect norepinephrine agonist properties of bupropion. How Dextromethorphan is rapidly metabolized via the CYP2D6 isoenzyme to dextrophan that may have mu opioid agonist properties. The combination with bupropion, a CYP2D6 inhibitor, inhibits the metabolism of dextromethorphan allowing for more consistent therapeutic levels. The combination of dextromethorphan 45 mg twice per day and bupropion SR105 mg twice daily appears to be more effective than an equivalent dose of bupropion alone both in speeding up antidepressant response and achieving remission. However, it's not clear at this time how the combination would compare with a more typical dose of bupropion of 300-450 milligrams a day range. The phase III program for Auvelity, showed that the drug was well tolerated with the most common side effects being dizziness, headache, and dry mouth.86 Another novel antidepressant agent approved in 2023 is zuranolone (Zurzuvae). Zuranolone is an oral analog of IV brexanalone, and like brexanolone, was approved for the treatment of post-partum depression.83 The advantages of zuranolone over brexanalone are many. While brexanolone is a 60-hour intravenous infusion that must be administered in a health care facility, zuranolone is a once/day oral medication that is usually taken at home. Like brexanolone, and unlike most antidepressants, zuranolone has a short course of treatment, lasting just 14 days. Zuranolone's, as does brexanolone, is thought to act primarily as allosteric modulator of the GABA-a receptors. Despite only 14 days of treatment, zuranolone produced in depression in post-partum patients a clinically and significantly meaningful improvement at day 15 and continued to day 45 or 1 month past the end of treatment. Zuranolone is a schedule IV drug. The most common side effect in clinical trials was somnolence with 36% of participants reporting this side effect vs only 6% of those on placebo.84 Other common side effects included dizziness, diarrhea and fatigue. While the FDA declined to approve zuranolone as monotherapy or as an adjunctive treatment to standard antidepressants in major depression itself, there are positive studies in non-post-partum major depression albeit with smaller effect sizes and less consistent duration of activity. It is likely that zuranolone will continue to be studied in other depressive syndromes such as depression with anxious distress. The third \"new\" antidepressant approved late 2023 was gepirone (Exxua). Gepirone is not exactly a new or novel antidepressant and originally sought approval in the US about 20 years ago.88 There had been two positive studies of gepirone during the original NDA application but also a number of failed, negative, or non-informative studies as well. Thus, the FDA declined to originally approve the drug. However, failed and negative trials are common with antidepressants and after much internal debate, the FDA ultimately agreed to approve the drug based on the positive trials and a relatively favorable side effect profile. Gepirone, like buspirone, is a partial agonist of the 5HT1a receptor and a 5HT2 antagonist. As such, gepirone does not tend to be associated with sexual side effects, weight gain, or sedation. The most common side effects are dizziness, nausea, and insomnia which tend to improve in many patients over time. Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) continue to be the only class of agents [other than esketamine (Spravato)] approved in adjunctive treatment of resistant major depression. In addition to olanzapine (combined with fluoxetine; Symbyax), aripiprazole (Abilify), quetiapine (Seroquel), brexpiprazole (Rexulti), cariprazine (Vraylar) became the latest SGA to be approved in 2022.90 Adjunctive cariprazine at 1.5 mg daily was significantly more effective than adjunctive placebo in patients with MDD who had failed to achieve an adequate response with an antidepressant alone after 6 weeks of treatment. Interestingly, a 3 mg dose of cariprazine was less consistently effective.91 The major advantage of cariprazine over some of the other approved adjunctive SGA's is easy dosing, with the starting 1.5 mg dose being the optimal therapeutic dose for most people, and a lower metabolic side effect burden with most subjects having limited or no weight gain in short term trials. The most common side effect were akathisia/restlessness, fatigue, and nausea. Lumateperone (Caplyta) is also has positive phase III data in the adjunctive treatment of major depression and is expective file for approval in late 2024. Another recent major development in psychopharmacology is the reemergence of psychedelics in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The first of these is MDMA (phenethylamine 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of PTSD. A New Drug Application (NDA) was accepted by the FDA for MDMA in the treatment of PTSD in late 2023.87 Because the drug is being fast tracked as a \"breakthrough\" treatment by the FDA, it was expected to see approval in the summer of 2024. The phase II and III data for MDMA assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of PTSD have been quite consistent and impressive. However, independent reviews have pointed to significant deficiencies in these studies including the bias introduced because of functional unblinding; virtually all patients in psychedelic studies can guess whether they got the active drug or placebo. The functional unblinding, the lack of standardization of adjunctive psychotherapy as well as the abuse potential of MDMA, may delay an FDA approval. The typical regimen in these trials included 3 preparatory psychotherapy sessions followed by once/month dosing sessions (lasting about 8 hours) and using doses of 120-160 mg in a split dose. There were typically 3 monthly dosing sessions, each followed by 3 integrative psychotherapy sessions to help subjects process and understand their experiences during the dosing sessions. In the most recent phase 3 trials, over 70% of subjects no longer met criteria for PTDS compared to 46% of those treated with psychotherapy and placebo alone.89 The only approved medications for treating PTSD are two SSRIs, paroxetine and sertraline. These drugs effect only some dimensions of PTSD with only 20-30% achieving a remission level response with these drugs. Thus, MDMA assisted psychotherapy appears to achieve much higher levels of remission and response than has been true for the SSRIs. Since MDMA is not taken continuously, side effects from MDMA tend to be short lived. Side effects have included muscle tightness, nausea, diminished appetite, excessive sweating, feeling cold and dizziness among others. Since MDMA is currently a schedule I drug, it is likely that a rigorous Risk Evaluation Mitigation (REMs) program will be put in place and a limited number of centers and clinicians will be designated to perform MDMA assisted psychotherapy for PTSD. In addition to MDMA, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is in phase 3 trials for treating resistant depression but unlikely to be available before late 2025 at the earliest. An argument can be made that there has not been a truly novel antipsychotic since the introduction of clozapine in the US in 1990. All first-generation antipsychotics have been dopamine 2 antagonists and second-generation drugs have involved some ratio of 5HT2 antagonism to D2 blockade. In 2023, the FDA accepted the application of xenomaline/tropsium (KarXT) which may become the first muscarinic M1M4 agonist approved for the treatment of schizophrenia.82,83 Tropsium is added as a muscarine antagonist to block the peripheral cholinergic effects of a muscarine agonist. Xenomaline/tropsium appears to be effective in treating both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. In a phase 3 study of 407 patients with schizophrenia, xenomaline/tropsium at doses of xenomaline/50 mg/tropsium 20 mg twice daily up to 125 mg/30 mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo in treating both and negative symptoms over 5 weeks of treatment. As would be expected, the side effect profile of xenomaline/tropsium is very different that all currently available antipsychotics. There is no risk of EPS as it is not a dopamine antagonist, and xenomaline/tropsium is not associated with significant metabolic effects. The side effects are cholinergic in nature and include constipation, dry mouth, and nausea. A decision is expected in September of 2024. The year 2023 also saw the approval of the first disease modifying drug in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, lecanemab (Lequembi). While acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine have been available for decades, these drugs modestly improve cognition in Alzheimer's disease patients and do not alter the progressive course of the illness. Lecanemab is an IV monoclonal antibody that targets the removal of beta-amyloid in the brain as well proto-fibrils that are also known to be toxic to neuronal tissue. When given early in the course of the illness, patients treated with Lecanemab showed 27% less decline on some measures of cognition and function than did patients treated with a placebo over 18 months (about 1 and a half years). It is not known whether treatment for longer than 18 months would show lesser or greater decline over time. However, there are simulation studies that suggest that Lecanemab may modestly reduce the number of patients who progress to severe Alzheimer's disease and require institutional care. The standard dose is 10 mg/kg given via IV over one hour every 2 weeks for 18 months. Lecanemab is typically administered in an infusion center so that side effects can be monitored. The most serious side effects of Lecanemab are amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) that are associated with brain edema and microhemorrhages. ARIA can occur in up to 15% of patients. More common side effects are headache and nausea. While it remains to be seen how useful these new agents will be in clinical practice, they do represent an approach to treating neuropsychiatric disorders that are a notable departure from the pharmacotherapy of the past half century. It seems likely that some patients who have not been able to respond to or tolerate traditional pharmacotherapy will find hope in these new medications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.64719/pb.4493", "pubmed_id": "38993656", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.64719/pb.4493", "keywords": "Humans, Bupropion, Dextromethorphan, Psychotropic Drugs, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Monitoring, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38993656\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1071, "title": "Investigating the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in advanced cancer patients: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "investigating the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in advanced cancer patients a comprehensive review and meta analysis", "authors": "Bader H, Farraj H, Maghnam J, Abu Omar Y.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in certain species of mushrooms, is known for its effects on anxiety and depression. It has recently gained increasing interest for its potential therapeutic effects, particularly in patients with advanced cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effects of psilocybin on adult patients with advanced cancer.AimTo investigate the therapeutic effect of psilocybin in patients with advanced cancer.MethodsA comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar for articles published up to February 2023. The reference lists of the included studies were also searched to retrieve possible additional studies.ResultsA total of 7 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review, comprising 132 participants. The results revealed significant improvements in quality of life, pain control, and anxiety relief following psilocybin-assisted therapy, specifically results on anxiety relief. Pooled effect sizes indicated statistically significant reductions in symptoms of anxiety at both 4 to 4.5 months [35.15 (95%CI: 32.28-38.01)] and 6 to 6.5 months [33.06 (95%CI: 28.73-37.40)]. Post-administration compared to baseline assessments (P < 0.05). Additionally, patients reported sustained improvements in psychological well-being and existential distress following psilocybin therapy.ConclusionThe findings provided compelling evidence for the potential benefits of psilocybin-assisted therapy in improving quality of life, pain control, and anxiety relief in patients with advanced cancer.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.5306/wjco.v15.i7.908", "pubmed_id": "39071471", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v15.i7.908", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39071471\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Wellbeing,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4604, "title": "Review identifies factors associated with response to psilocybin", "normalized_title": "review identifies factors associated with response to psilocybin", "authors": "", "abstract": "Several trials of psilocybin for symptoms of depression have shown encouraging findings, as have a number of systematic reviews and meta-­analyses. However, several of the reviews have included nonrandomized trials and studies in which psilocybin was used in conjunction with psychotherapeutic interventions, making it difficult to isolate psilocybin's effects. Investigators conducted a systematic review and meta-­analysis of psilocybin trials that focused on trials with an unconfounded evaluation of the psychedelic's effects. Eligible for inclusion were open-­label and double-blind adult trials that compared the efficacy of psilocybin with a non-­psychoactive drug or placebo. Studies involving healthy subjects and those using micro-­dosing of psilocybin were excluded. The investigators considered changes in symptoms as measured by validated clinician-­rated or self-­report scales, excluding any outcomes that were measured less than three hours after psilocybin administration. They conducted subgroup analyses based on demographic factors, comorbid illnesses, and psilocybin dosing variables. The review encompassed nine studies with a total of 436 participants. Seven of the nine studies showed a significant benefit of psilocybin over a comparator or placebo. Treatment response with psilocybin was around twice as likely as with placebo. Among the factors associated with greater likelihood of symptom improvement with psilocybin were having secondary depression, being assessed with a self-­report scale for depression such as the Beck Depression Inventory, and having previously used psychedelics. “More large-­scale randomized trials with long follow-­up are needed to fully understand psilocybin's treatment potential, and future studies should aim to recruit a more diverse population,” authors of the review and meta-­analysis wrote. [Metaxa, A., et al. (2024). BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078084]", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2024-06-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31193", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31193", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400083626\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4400083626\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31193\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Aging,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4400083626" }, { "id": 639, "title": "Hypertensive Emergency Secondary to Combining Psilocybin Mushrooms, Extended Release Dextroamphetamine-Amphetamine, and Tranylcypromine", "normalized_title": "hypertensive emergency secondary to combining psilocybin mushrooms extended release dextroamphetamine amphetamine and tranylcypromine", "authors": "Brian S. Barnett, Curtis J. Koons, Vincent Van den Eynde, Peter Kenneth Gillman, J. Alexander Bodkin", "abstract": "Data on medication interactions with psychedelics are limited. Here we present what may be the first published report of a hypertensive emergency following the combination of psilocybin mushrooms with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). A42-year-old man with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder took 1 g of Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms, while prescribed tranylcypromine, extended-release dextroamphetamine-amphetamine, and other medications. Approximately half an hour later, he developed severe hypertension with chest pain, palpitations, and headache. Upon hospital presentation, the electrocardiogram demonstrated ST-elevation. The patient was diagnosed with a myocardial infarction and treated with lorazepam, nitroglycerin, and aspirin. He subsequently underwent emergency cardiac catheterization, which revealed no significant cardiac abnormalities. Following overnight hospitalization, he was discharged home with no lasting physical sequelae. Though data are few, past studies suggest that classic serotonergic psychedelics (5HT-2A receptor agonists) such as dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid (LSD), and synthetic psilocybin should not produce hypertensive emergency when combined with MAOIs. We suspect phenylethylamine, found in Psilocybe cubensis and other species of psilocybin mushrooms, interacted with tranylcypromine and dextroamphetamine-amphetamine to produce this hypertensive emergency. Patients prescribed MAOIs should be warned of the potential for hypertensive emergency when consuming psilocybin mushrooms, particularly when also prescribed norepinephrine releasers such as dextroamphetamine-amphetamine.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2024-06-20", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2024.2368617", "pubmed_id": "38903003", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2024.2368617", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Amphetamine, Dextroamphetamine, Tranylcypromine, Medicine, Anesthesia, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Monoamine oxidase, Internal medicine, Chemistry, Enzyme, Dopamine, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399897612\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399897612\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":8,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1237114612\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965983395\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972055688\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972365640\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984372165\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998408883\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999517542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002554882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017471862\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033896044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067978628\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089642713\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111452082\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140813868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146421878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2230851606\",\"https://openalex.org/W2268462664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2278840475\",\"https://openalex.org/W2344956345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2401553616\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412986447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2417318806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2467792582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2557269161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784462899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983552824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135595060\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3192404320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195045424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230882778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290805404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309210963\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353017554\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387540929\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391513999\",\"https://openalex.org/W6712788439\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018028836\",\"display_name\":\"Brian S. Barnett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-5701\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5099344859\",\"display_name\":\"Curtis J. Koons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070492748\",\"display_name\":\"Vincent Van den Eynde\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-0054\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013000403\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Kenneth Gillman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8277-3397\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017757209\",\"display_name\":\"J. Alexander Bodkin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2024.2368617\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4399897612" }, { "id": 3184, "title": "Rapid and prolonged antidepressant and antianxiety effects of psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, ayahuasca, and 3, 4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials", "normalized_title": "rapid and prolonged antidepressant and antianxiety effects of psilocybin lysergic acid diethylamide ayahuasca and 3 4 methylenedioxy methamphetamine a systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled trials", "authors": "Fluyau D, Kailasam VK, Revadigar N.", "abstract": "Background Hallucinogens attract research as alternatives to the commonly used medications to treat major depressive and anxiety disorders. Aims Assess hallucinogens’ efficacy for managing depressive and anxiety symptoms and evaluate their safety profiles. Method In five databases, we searched for randomized controlled trials of hallucinogens targeting depressive and anxiety symptoms. We performed a meta-analysis using a random effects model when data permitted it. The protocol of the review is registered in PROSPERO; CRD42022341325. Results Psilocybin produced a rapid and sustained reduction in depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder, severe, and in patients with life-threatening cancer. A decrease in depressive symptoms was observed with 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), primarily in patients with life-threatening cancer, autism spectrum disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. MDMA reduced social anxiety symptoms. However, MDMA’s effect size was either negligible or negative for anxiety symptoms overall. Ayahuasca reduced depressive symptoms in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive and personality disorders. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) reduced anxiety symptoms in individuals with life-threatening cancer. Psilocybin’s adverse effects were noticeable for elevated blood pressure, headaches, and panic attacks. For MDMA, elevated blood pressure, headaches, panic attacks, and feeling cold were noticeable. Conclusions Psilocybin, MDMA, ayahuasca, and LSD appear to have the potential to reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms. Adverse effects are noticed. Rigorous randomized controlled studies with larger sample sizes utilizing outcome measures instruments with better reliability and validity are warranted.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-06-19", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.06.17.24308787", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.06.17.24308787", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR869769\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Aging,Personality Change,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1062, "title": "The cyclical revival of psychedelics in psychiatric treatment.", "normalized_title": "the cyclical revival of psychedelics in psychiatric treatment", "authors": "Appiani FJ, Caroff SN.", "abstract": "There is an increasing demand for effective treatments for depression, particularly for individuals grappling with treatment-resistant depression. Over recent years, a surge of interest has focused on exploring the safety and efficacy of psilocybin as a potential treatment for depression. However, preliminary findings from phase 2 studies have been inconclusive, prompting critical examination of issues such as maintaining blinding and the role of adjunctive psychotherapy. The maintenance of double-blinding and the role of adjunctive psychotherapy introduce biases that complicate the attainment of conclusive results in clinical research. Examining historical data reveals a recurrent pattern linked to the use of psychoactive substances, which starts with an excess of optimism and ends with general addictive behaviors and a heightened risk of serious public health problems. Considering these findings, a cautious and measured approach is imperative, given that the efficacy and safety of psilocybin treatment have yet to be unequivocally established. The potential for excessive optimism among researchers is a notable concern, as unwarranted enthusiasm may inadvertently facilitate the widespread adoption of this treatment without sufficient empirical support. In navigating the complexities of depression treatment, it is necessary to strike a balance between innovation and prudence to ensure evidence-based advancement of therapeutic approaches.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-19", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/03007995.2024.2368725", "pubmed_id": "38880945", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2368725", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38880945\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1034, "title": "Efficacy and safety of eight enhanced therapies for treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of eight enhanced therapies for treatment resistant depression a systematic review and network meta analysis of rcts", "authors": "Guo Q, Guo L, Wang Y, Shang S.", "abstract": "BackgroundTreatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) challenges psychiatric treatment, with existing guidelines covering only a subset of augmentation strategies.MethodsA network meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines examined the efficacy and safety of TRD treatments, analyzing 72 randomized controlled trials from eight databases, assessing response and remission rates, tolerability, and safety through the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and CINeMA framework.FindingsIncluding 12,105 participants, the analysis highlighted ECT, Ketamine, Esketamine, and Psilocybin as superior first-line treatments due to their optimal balance between effectiveness and tolerability. Brexpiprazole and Quetiapine showed no significant efficacy over placebo in response rates, while Esketamine and Psilocybin exhibited lower tolerability.InterpretationThe results advocate for ECT, Ketamine, Esketamine, and Psilocybin as preferred treatments for TRD, guiding clinical practice with evidence-based recommendations for enhancing treatment outcomes. This study underscores the importance of considering both efficacy and safety in selecting augmentation strategies for TRD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-19", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116018", "pubmed_id": "38924903", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116018", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Antidepressive Agents, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Outcome Assessment, Health Care", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38924903\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1061, "title": "Developing the Open Psychedelic Evaluation Nexus consensus measures for assessment of supervised psilocybin services: An e-Delphi study", "normalized_title": "developing the open psychedelic evaluation nexus consensus measures for assessment of supervised psilocybin services an e delphi study", "authors": "P. Todd Korthuis, Kim Hoffman, Adrianne R. Wilson-Poe, Jason B. Luoma, Alissa Bazinet, Kellie Pertl, David L. Morgan, Ryan Cook, Sarann Bielavitz, Renae Myers, R. Cameron Wolf, Dennis McCarty, Christopher S. Stauffer", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Voter initiatives in Oregon and Colorado authorize legal frameworks for supervised psilocybin services, but no measures monitor safety or outcomes. AIMS: To develop core measures of best practices. METHODS: A three-phase e-Delphi process recruited 36 experts with 5 or more years' experience facilitating psilocybin experiences in various contexts (e.g., ceremonial settings, indigenous practices, clinical trials), or other pertinent psilocybin expertise. Phase I, an on-line survey with qualitative, open-ended text responses, generated potential measures to assess processes, outcomes, and structure reflecting high quality psilocybin services. In Phase II, experts used seven-point Likert scales to rate the importance and feasibility of the Phase I measures. Measures were priority ranked. Qualitative interviews and analysis in Phase III refined top-rated measures. RESULTS: = 36; 53% female; 71% white; 56% heterosexual) reported currently providing psilocybin services (64%) for a mean of 15.2 [SD13.1] years, experience with indigenous psychedelic practices (67%), and/or conducting clinical trials (36%). Thematic analysis of Phase I responses yielded 55 candidate process measures (e.g., preparatory hours with client, total dose of psilocybin administered, documentation of touch/sexual boundaries), outcome measures (e.g., adverse events, well-being, anxiety/depression symptoms), and structure measures (e.g., facilitator training in trauma informed care, referral capacity for medical/psychiatric issues). In Phase II and III, experts prioritized a core set of 11 process, 11 outcome, and 17 structure measures that balanced importance and feasibility. CONCLUSION: Service providers and policy makers should consider standardizing core measures developed in this study to monitor the safety, quality, and outcomes of community-based psilocybin services.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-06-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241257839", "pubmed_id": "38888164", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241257839", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Delphi method, Thematic analysis, Psychology, Applied psychology, Medicine, Qualitative research, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Computer science, Social science, Artificial intelligence, Sociology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399780176\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399780176\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":14,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1551186209\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967766053\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045507107\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100069180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110142496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122884679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905110776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964311550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124902931\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149986569\",\"https://openalex.org/W3170399214\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250639036\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281666404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291227674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296481593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385265010\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037879583\",\"display_name\":\"P. Todd Korthuis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5556-3597\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082885757\",\"display_name\":\"Kim Hoffman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3063-7881\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056650801\",\"display_name\":\"Adrianne R. Wilson-Poe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6304-5295\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009587541\",\"display_name\":\"Jason B. Luoma\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-7037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042118065\",\"display_name\":\"Alissa Bazinet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073745691\",\"display_name\":\"Kellie Pertl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0861-3609\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060032144\",\"display_name\":\"David L. Morgan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6014-7643\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017059128\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Cook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8754-995X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017040379\",\"display_name\":\"Sarann Bielavitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2104-6991\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038473517\",\"display_name\":\"Renae Myers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058096595\",\"display_name\":\"R. Cameron Wolf\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8332-0321\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060056667\",\"display_name\":\"Dennis McCarty\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9014-2894\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077197149\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher S. Stauffer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-095X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241257839\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4399780176" }, { "id": 1107, "title": "Licit use of illicit drugs for treating depression: the pill and the process.", "normalized_title": "licit use of illicit drugs for treating depression the pill and the process", "authors": "Torrado Pacheco A, Moghaddam B.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, MDMA, and ketamine have emerged as potentially effective treatments for rapid amelioration of the symptoms of mood and related psychiatric disorders. All clinical data collected so far with regard to psilocybin or MDMA, which have reported positive outcomes for treating depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and drug or alcohol use disorders, have involved clinician-assisted intervention. While the case for ketamine is assumed to be different, the first report of the successful use of ketamine in psychiatry for treating depression was in combination with psychotherapy, and an emerging literature suggests that the subjective state of individual experiences with ketamine predicts clinical outcome. This Review will focus on (a) a brief review of the literature, showing that the context or the process of drug administration has been an integrative component of published work; (b) the importance of clinical trials to compare the efficacy of the drug (\"pill\") as a stand-alone treatment versus drug in combination with clinician-assisted psychological support (\"process\"); and (c) suggestions for future approaches in animal models that take into account the role of systems and behavioral neuroscience in explaining a potential role for context, experience, and expectancy in drug effect.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1172/jci180217", "pubmed_id": "40047885", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1172/jci180217", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Ketamine, Depression, Psilocybin, Illicit Drugs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40047885\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1088, "title": "Effects of psilocin and psilocybin on human 5-HT4 serotonin receptors in atrial preparations of transgenic mice and humans", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocin and psilocybin on human 5 ht4 serotonin receptors in atrial preparations of transgenic mice and humans", "authors": "Joachim Neumann, Kiril Dimov, Karyna Azatsian, Britt Hofmann, Ulrich Gergs", "abstract": "Several fungi belonging to the genus Psilocybe, also called “magic mushrooms”, contain the hallucinogenic drugs psilocybin and psilocin. They are chemically related to serotonin (5-HT). In addition to being abused as drugs, they are now also being discussed or used as a treatment option for depression. Here, we hypothesized that psilocybin and psilocin may act also on cardiac serotonin receptors and studied them in vitro in atrial preparations of our transgenic mouse model with cardiac myocytes-specific overexpression of the human 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4-TG) as well as in human atrial preparations. Both psilocybin and psilocin enhanced the force of contraction in isolated left atrial preparations from 5-HT4-TG, increased the beating rate in isolated spontaneously beating right atrial preparations from 5-HT4-TG and augmented the force of contraction in the human atrial preparations. The inotropic and chronotropic effects of psilocybin and psilocin at 10 µM were smaller than that of 1 µM 5-HT on the left and right atria from 5-HT4-TG, respectively. Psilocybin and psilocin were inactive in WT. In the human atrial preparations, inhibition of the phosphodiesterase III by cilostamide was necessary to unmask the positive inotropic effects of psilocybin or psilocin. The effects of 10 µM psilocybin and psilocin were abrogated by 10 µM tropisetron or by 1 µM GR125487, a more selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist. In summary, we demonstrated that psilocin and psilocybin act as agonists on cardiac 5-HT4 receptors.", "journal": "Toxicology Letters", "publication_date": "2024-06-11", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.06.006", "pubmed_id": "38876450", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.06.006", "keywords": "Psilocybin, 5-HT4 receptor, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Serotonin, Chemistry, Receptor, 5-HT2 receptor, 5-HT receptor, Internal medicine, Biology, Medicine, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399577263\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399577263\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":18,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004204424\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008089595\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025005902\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038839611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042485002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137318992\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153019281\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756407669\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790071649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799707392\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807131098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914766411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966952499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969568884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981860490\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139836780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319657143\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W6769844249\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064946477\",\"display_name\":\"Joachim Neumann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-3851\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5099103539\",\"display_name\":\"Kiril Dimov\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017250778\",\"display_name\":\"Karyna Azatsian\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049919699\",\"display_name\":\"Britt Hofmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-9623\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038198504\",\"display_name\":\"Ulrich Gergs\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-485X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205878144\",\"source_display_name\":\"Toxicology Letters\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.06.006\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4399577263" }, { "id": 1110, "title": "Unlocking the healing power of psilocybin: an overview of the role of psilocybin therapy in major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance use disorder", "normalized_title": "unlocking the healing power of psilocybin an overview of the role of psilocybin therapy in major depressive disorder obsessive compulsive disorder and substance use disorder", "authors": "Sandra Szafoni, Piotr Gręblowski, Klaudia Grabowska, Gniewko Więckiewicz", "abstract": "Resistance to traditional treatment methods is still a major obstacle in modern psychiatry. As a result, several studies are currently being conducted to find effective alternatives to traditional therapies. One of these alternatives is psilocybin, a psychedelic substance that has been tested in clinical trials as an adjunct to psychotherapy. These studies focus on patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and substance use disorder (SUD), particularly alcohol and nicotine dependence. This article looks at the current understanding of psilocybin, including data from clinical trials conducted, psilocybin's mechanism of action, its safety and the level of risk associated with it.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-06-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1406888", "pubmed_id": "38919636", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1406888", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Obsessive compulsive, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Cognition, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399572299\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4399572299\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W77478258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1587734848\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966424565\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970165113\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983350514\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986426704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036448465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041591334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044704612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050383033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057120528\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093994427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097355938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100861230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134756982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147289447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155757287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155961498\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2194924010\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2654923513\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2759054628\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2805577811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892307734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895197076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896040605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904660484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911514809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2927836703\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950564037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979100461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112173414\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117921577\",\"https://openalex.org/W3143773781\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171833614\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200757480\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201512146\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203928800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204944997\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215301772\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200471428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214779885\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214940428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220829235\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224116256\",\"https://openalex.org/W4241294122\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281666404\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281762597\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286449579\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297478109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298055464\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307134464\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308040950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353070324\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367664319\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378549583\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379383539\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382133350\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382240642\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386069067\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387818312\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387941143\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393349118\",\"https://openalex.org/W4394693583\",\"https://openalex.org/W6634905416\",\"https://openalex.org/W6641677328\",\"https://openalex.org/W6660805464\",\"https://openalex.org/W6661898125\",\"https://openalex.org/W6662749299\",\"https://openalex.org/W6674380826\",\"https://openalex.org/W6679984609\",\"https://openalex.org/W6683883610\",\"https://openalex.org/W6708533747\",\"https://openalex.org/W6712001975\",\"https://openalex.org/W6752234185\",\"https://openalex.org/W6755541052\",\"https://openalex.org/W6758932831\",\"https://openalex.org/W6777529714\",\"https://openalex.org/W6782802736\",\"https://openalex.org/W6786823634\",\"https://openalex.org/W6797335148\",\"https://openalex.org/W6852560692\",\"https://openalex.org/W6855225731\",\"https://openalex.org/W6855914970\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010700554\",\"display_name\":\"Sandra Szafoni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-5734\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5099102094\",\"display_name\":\"Piotr Gręblowski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5099102095\",\"display_name\":\"Klaudia Grabowska\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086168835\",\"display_name\":\"Gniewko Więckiewicz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2404-393X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1406888\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4399572299" }, { "id": 3445, "title": "A Multi-centre, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled, Randomised, Phase II Clinical Trial for Psilocybin-assisted Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder", "normalized_title": "a multi centre double blinded placebo controlled randomised phase ii clinical trial for psilocybin assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder", "authors": "University of Sydney", "abstract": "To explore the effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted therapy on reducing alcohol consumption in a double-blind, randomised, phase II clinical trial. New strategies for treating Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) are urgently needed. Recent evidence has shown promising results for psychedelic-assisted therapies, particularly psilocybin, which has demonstrated efficacy in reducing alcohol consumption and improving psychological well-being. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of psilocybin-assisted therapy compared to a control (niacin) in reducing heavy drinking days (HDD) per week among individuals with AUD. Primary Objective To conduct a double-blind, randomised controlled trial with 90 participants diagnosed with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). The primary aim is to compare the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy (two sessions of psilocybin, 25 mg per dosing session) versus control (niacin 250mg) and therapy in reducing alcohol consumption, specifically measuring the number of heavy drinking days (HDD) per week. Secondary Objectives To compare the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy versus control in improving the characteristics of AUD and addressing common comorbidities associated with AUD, including depression and anxiety. Study Design The trial will employ a double-blind, randomised, controlled design. A sample of 90 individuals with AUD will undergo 14 weeks of treatment, which includes 12 therapy sessions and 2 dosing sessions with either psilocybin (25 mg) or control (niacin 250mg). Participants will be assessed for changes in alcohol consumption patterns and improvements in symptoms of depression and anxiety.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-06-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06444243", "keywords": "Alcohol Use Disorder, Alcohol Dependence, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Niacin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06444243\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3355, "title": "Who believes psychedelic-assisted therapies work? Risky cannabis use and other factors are associated with positive treatment-outcome expectancies", "normalized_title": "who believes psychedelic assisted therapies work risky cannabis use and other factors are associated with positive treatment outcome expectancies", "authors": "", "abstract": "Introduction: Treatment-outcome expectancies are an individual’s beliefs about how a medical or psychological intervention will affect them and others. These response expectancies represent serious potential confounds to clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapies for a variety of conditions because of difficulties associated with blinding psychedelic trials. On the other hand, expectancies also represent opportunities for practitioners to promote desired clinical outcomes. Therefore, a stronger understanding of factors associated with positive treatment-outcome expectancies for psychedelics could be useful to both scientists and clinicians. Method: The present study examined treatment-outcome expectancies for psychedelic-assisted therapies with psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) among undergraduates (73% female, 81% White, 30% Hispanic, and 22% psychedelic-experienced; Mage = 19.95 years, median = 19.0, SD = 3.14). A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to test the hypothesis that riskier alcohol, cannabis, and other substance use would be associated with more positive treatment-outcome expectancies. Results: Consistent with our hypothesis, riskier cannabis use was significantly associated with more positive expectancies. However, neither riskier drinking nor other drug use were significant predictors. Prior engagement with psychedelic-related media and exposure to other peoples’ psychedelic experiences also predicted treatment-outcome expectancies. Conclusion: Individuals with riskier cannabis use may hold stronger beliefs in the transdiagnostic effectiveness of psychedelic-assisted therapies. This suggests that clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted interventions for cannabis use disorder may be particularly vulnerable to expectancy-related confounds. Psychedelic-therapy practitioners treating patients with risky cannabis use may consider patients’ beliefs in the effectiveness of psychedelics when discussing treatment options and delivering psychedelic interventions.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-06-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/adnpg_v1", "keywords": "cannabis use disorder, internal validity, placebo effects, psychedelic-assisted therapy, treatment-outcome expectancy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Clinical Decision Making, Substance Abuse and Addiction, Depressive Disorders, Therapy, Psychotherapy, Psychopharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"adnpg_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1089, "title": "The effects of psilocybin on cognition and emotional processing in healthy adults and adults with depression: a systematic literature review.", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on cognition and emotional processing in healthy adults and adults with depression a systematic literature review", "authors": "Ramos L, Vicente SG.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin, a naturally occurring serotonergic agonist in some mushroom species, has shown promise as a novel, fast-acting pharmacotherapy seeking to overcome the limitations of conventional first-line antidepressants. Studying psilocybin effects on cognition and emotional processing may help to clarify the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of psilocybin and may also support studies with people suffering from depression. Thus, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature regarding the effects of psilocybin on these two key areas in both healthy and depressed populations.MethodA systematic search was performed on 29 January 2024, in the PubMed, EBSCOhost, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. After duplicates removal, study selection was conducted considering pre-specified criteria. Data extraction was then performed. The quality assessment of the studies was carried out using the Cochrane Collaboration tools for randomized (RoB 2.0) and non-randomized (ROBINS-I) controlled trials.ResultsTwenty articles were included, with 18 targeting healthy adults and two adults with depression. Results point to impairments within attentional and inhibitory processes, and improvements in the domains of creativity and social cognition in healthy individuals. In the population with depression, only cognitive flexibility and emotional recognition were affected, both being enhanced. The comparison of outcomes from both populations proved limited.ConclusionsPsilocybin acutely alters several cognitive domains, with a localized rather than global focus, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, the significant methodological constraints call for further research, in the context of depression and with standardized protocols, with longitudinal studies also imperative.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-05", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/13803395.2024.2363343", "pubmed_id": "38842300", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2024.2363343", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Emotions, Cognition, Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38842300\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Creativity,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1112, "title": "A scoping review of the effects of mushroom and fungus extracts in rodent models of depression and tests of antidepressant activity.", "normalized_title": "a scoping review of the effects of mushroom and fungus extracts in rodent models of depression and tests of antidepressant activity", "authors": "Wang CK, Kim G, Aleksandrova LR, Panenka WJ, Barr AM.", "abstract": "One of the most important developments in psychopharmacology in the past decade has been the emergence of novel treatments for mood disorders, such as psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression. Psilocybin is most commonly found in different species of mushroom; however, the literature on mushroom and fungus extracts with potential antidepressant activity extends well beyond just psilocybin-containing mushrooms, and includes both psychedelic and non-psychedelic species. In the current review, we systematically review the preclinical literature on mushroom and fungus extracts, and their effects of animal models of depression and tests of antidepressant activity. The PICO structure, PRISMA checklist and the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews of intervention were used to guide the search strategy. A scoping search was conducted in electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase and Web of Science. The literature search identified 50 relevant and suitable published studies. These included 19 different species of mushrooms, as well as seven different species of other fungi. Nearly all studies reported antidepressant-like effects of treatment with extracts. Treatments were most commonly delivered orally, in both acute and chronically administered studies to predominantly male rodents. Multiple animal models of depression were used, the most common being unpredictable chronic mild stress, while the tail suspension test and forced swim test were most frequently used as standalone antidepressant screens. Details on each experiment with mushroom and fungus species are discussed in detail, while an evaluation is provided of the strengths and weaknesses of these studies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-06-02", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2024.1387158", "pubmed_id": "38887548", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1387158", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38887548\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1123, "title": "Single-Dose Synthetic Psilocybin With Psychotherapy for Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Type II Major Depressive Episodes: A Nonrandomized Open-Label Trial.", "normalized_title": "single dose synthetic psilocybin with psychotherapy for treatment resistant bipolar type ii major depressive episodes a nonrandomized open label trial", "authors": "Aaronson ST, van der Vaart A, Miller T, LaPratt J, Swartz K, Shoultz A, Lauterbach M, Sackeim HA, Suppes T.", "abstract": "ImportanceBipolar II disorder (BDII) is a debilitating condition frequently associated with difficult-to-treat depressive episodes. Psilocybin has evidence for rapid-acting antidepressant effects but has not been investigated in bipolar depression.ObjectiveTo establish the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in patients with BDII in a current depressive episode.Design, setting, and participantsThis was a 12-week, open-label nonrandomized open-label trial conducted at Sheppard Pratt Hospital. Participants aged 18 to 65 years with BDII, a current depressive episode longer than 3 months, and documented insufficient benefit with at least 2 pharmacologic treatments during the current episode were invited to participate. Of 70 approached, 19 met inclusion criteria and were enrolled. The trial was conducted between April 14, 2021, and January 5, 2023.InterventionsA single dose of synthetic psilocybin, 25 mg, was administered. Psychotropic medications were discontinued at least 2 weeks prior to dosing. Therapists met with patients for 3 sessions during pretreatment, during the 8-hour dosing day, and for 3 integration sessions posttreatment.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome measure was change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating scale (MADRS) at 3 weeks posttreatment. Secondary measures included MADRS scores 12 weeks posttreatment, the self-rated Quick Inventory of Depression Symptoms-Self Rating (QIDS-SR), and the self-rated Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF), each completed at baseline and all subsequent visits. Safety measures included the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) completed at each visit.ResultsOf the 15 participants in this study (6 male and 9 female; mean [SD] age, 37.8 [11.6] years), all had lower scores at week 3, with a mean (SD) change of -24.00 (9.23) points on the MADRS, (Cohen d = 4.08; 95% CI, -29.11 to -18.89; P", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4685", "pubmed_id": "38055270", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4685", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Bipolar Disorder, Psychotherapy, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38055270\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1121, "title": "Psilocybin for dementia prevention? The potential role of psilocybin to alter mechanisms associated with major depression and neurodegenerative diseases", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for dementia prevention the potential role of psilocybin to alter mechanisms associated with major depression and neurodegenerative diseases", "authors": "Haniff Z, Bocharova M, Mantingh T, Rucker J, Velayudhan L, Taylor D, Young A, Aarsland D, Vernon A, Thuret S.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11847495", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC11847495\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1119, "title": "Treating Bipolar Depression Using Psilocybin-Validity Threats Regarding Efficacy and Safety-Reply.", "normalized_title": "treating bipolar depression using psilocybin validity threats regarding efficacy and safety reply", "authors": "Aaronson ST, van der Vaart A, Sackeim HA.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0423", "pubmed_id": "38598225", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0423", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Reproducibility of Results, Bipolar Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38598225\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1064, "title": "Protocols and practices in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "protocols and practices in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression a systematic review", "authors": "Chisamore N, Johnson D, Chen MJQ, Offman H, Chen-Li D, Kaczmarek ES, Doyle Z, McIntyre RS, Rosenblat JD.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a promising treatment option for depression, with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) providing preliminary support for its safety and efficacy. However, there is a lack of consistency across existing treatment protocols and psychotherapeutic approaches. The objective of this review is to summarize and compare current psychotherapy methods of PAP in treating depression and distress in life-threatening illnesses. We sought to comprehensively summarize published psychotherapy protocols from clinical trials to provide insights for future practices.MethodsA systematic search of four databases (Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL) for data relating to psychotherapy protocols was conducted by two independent reviewers.ResultsIn total, our search identified 1869 articles; after removing duplicates, we screened 1107 articles. We included 70 articles in the full-text review and determined that 28 were eligible for the final review. All protocols include sessions before (preparatory) and after (integration) the psychedelic dosing session with supportive monitoring. However, there was substantial variability and inconsistencies in all other aspects of therapy protocols (e.g., duration and number of sessions, model of therapy). Additionally, significant limitations were identified in the frequent need for more clarity in the description of therapeutic approaches.ConclusionIn published clinical trials, PAP has consisted of preparation, supportive dosing, and integration sessions. Beyond this basic framework, significant heterogeneity and lack of clarity were identified in reported psychotherapy protocols, meaning a validated and universally agreed upon protocol for PAP currently does not exist. Future studies should more clearly define and report psychotherapeutic components to identify the safest and most efficacious approaches to PAP.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.051", "pubmed_id": "38850581", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.051", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Clinical Protocols, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38850581\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3277, "title": "On serotonin, psychedelics, entactogens and psychoplastogens in depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and related disorders.", "normalized_title": "on serotonin psychedelics entactogens and psychoplastogens in depression anxiety post traumatic stress and related disorders", "authors": "Hoyer D.", "abstract": "There is controversy about a causal role of serotonin (5-HT) in depression, some arguing that there is no proof for impaired brain 5-HT function in depressed patients. Major depressive disorder comes with multiple endophenotypes; not surprisingly classical antidepressants (tricyclics, MAO inhibitors, SSRIs, SNRIs) are not universally effective. Most antidepressants target the 5-HT system, partially if not exclusively, but treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major issue. The most recent and heavily investigated class of potential rapid acting antidepressant, anxiolytic, and/or anti PTSD drugs, namely psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca, etc..) or entactogens (MDMA, ibogaine), all target the 5-HT system, at least in part. Phase II / III clinical trials support psychedelics- and/or MDMA-assisted psychotherapy as a new class of rapid acting treatments for GAD, MDD, TRD, PTSD, and other disorders. Psilocybin and MDMA have FDA breakthrough status for TRD/MDD and PTSD, respectively, whereas LSD just received FDA breakthrough status for GAD. All psychedelics act as 5-HT2A receptor agonists, although LSD, DMT, psilocybin may also target other 5-HT and/or dopamine receptors. Psychedelics produce rapid onset and long-lasting antidepressant effects after one or two administrations. They all promote synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Neuroinflammation plays a major role in anxiety, depression, PTSD. Interestingly, psychedelic-induced 5-HT2A receptor agonism has profound anti-(neuro)inflammatory effects. Altogether, the 5-HT system plays an essential, but not unique role in MDD and related disorders. MDD, TRD and PTSD may be considered as biochemical, neurological and immune conditions, given the emerging role of neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation, which until recently, have been overlooked.", "journal": "Authorea Preprints", "publication_date": "2024-05-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.22541/au.171648613.31141136/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.22541/au.171648613.31141136/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR857433\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Authorea Preprints\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 939, "title": "Narrative review of the potential for psychedelics to treat Prolonged Grief Disorder.", "normalized_title": "narrative review of the potential for psychedelics to treat prolonged grief disorder", "authors": "Ehrenkranz R, Agrawal M, Penberthy JK, Yaden DB.", "abstract": "Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) is distinct from yet related to non-pathologic grief, depression, addiction, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) with a prevalence of up to 10% in bereaved populations. Hallmarks of PGD include functional impairment a year or more post-bereavement and intense yearning for the deceased. Current treatments for PGD are typically psychological rather than psychopharmacological, and more treatment options are needed. Psychedelics such as psilocybin and MDMA may be a promising treatment avenue for PGD. Randomized clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy of psilocybin in reducing symptom severity in depression and MDMA in reducing PTSD symptomatology. Furthermore, psychedelics often produce subjective effects (such as transcendence, mystical experiences, and a sense of oneness) that may be uniquely relevant to the existential distress experienced in PGD. No randomized clinical trials have thus far been conducted on the safety and efficacy of psychedelics for PGD. Initial research, including survey-based studies and an open-label trial, has begun to shed light on the possible benefits of psychedelics in the alleviation of grief. While the evidence from these studies is preliminary, it suggests a consistent trend towards the effectiveness of psychedelics in grief reduction. Conducting a randomized clinical trial would be an appropriate next step to explore the potential efficacy of using psychedelics to treat PGD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1080/09540261.2024.2357668", "pubmed_id": "39980217", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2024.2357668", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Grief, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39980217\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1091, "title": "Efficacy and safety of psilocybin on treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin on treatment resistant depression a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Fang Q, Chan VKY, Chan SSM, Jiao Y, Wang J, Li X.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-21", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115960", "pubmed_id": "38781672", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115960", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38781672\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1092, "title": "Psychedelic therapy in depression and substance use disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy in depression and substance use disorders", "authors": "Korkmaz ND, Cikrikcili U, Akan M, Yucesan E.", "abstract": "Psychoactive substances obtained from botanicals have been applied for a wide variety of purposes in the rituals of different cultures for thousands of years. Classical psychedelics from N,N'-dimethyltryptamine, psilocybin, mescaline and various lysergamides cause specific alterations in perception, emotion and cognition by acting through serotonin 5-HT2A receptor activation. Lysergic acid diethylamide, the first famous breakthrough in the field, was discovered by chance by Albert Hoffman in the Zurich Sandoz laboratory in 1943, and studies on its psychoactive effects began to take place in the literature. Studies in this area were blocked after the legislation controlling the use and research of psychedelic drugs came into force in 1967, but since the 1990s, it has started to be a matter of scientific curiosity again by various research groups. In particular, with the crucial reports of psychotherapy-assisted psilocybin applications for life-threatening cancer-related anxiety and depression, a new avenues have been opened in the treatment of psychiatric diseases such as treatment-resistant depression and substance addictions. An increasing number of studies show that psychedelics have a very promising potential in the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases where the desired efficiency cannot be achieved with conventional treatment methods. In this context, we discuss psychedelic therapy, encompassing its historical development, therapeutic applications and potential treatment effects-especially in depression, trauma disorders and substance use disorders-within the framework of ethical considerations.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-20", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1111/ejn.16421", "pubmed_id": "38773750", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.16421", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38773750\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 953, "title": "A Case Report of Psilocybin-induced Psychosis in a Predisposed Patient", "normalized_title": "a case report of psilocybin induced psychosis in a predisposed patient", "authors": "S Morris", "abstract": "Psilocybin is gaining popularity as research shows potential benefits to those with anxiety, depression, and other mental health conditions. Individuals with risk factors for psychosis are typically excluded from such studies, limiting the empiric research of the risks and benefits in vulnerable populations. In the real-world setting, many individuals who seek treatment with psilocybin will have comorbid psychiatric conditions and other factors that predispose them to psychosis. We report a case of a patient with multiple predisposing risk factors, including a history of depression, personality disorder traits, and cannabis use, who experienced a psychotic episode with catatonic features and suicidality after several months of heavy psilocybin use. A review of similar previously published case reports demonstrates a pattern of psilocybin-induced psychosis occurring primarily in individuals with predisposing factors who have consumed either high or repeated doses of the drug. This case report furthers this pattern, which serves as both a warning that psilocybin use is not without risks and reassurance for researchers using much lower doses to treat mental illness.", "journal": "Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2024-05-20", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.9758/cpn.24.1180", "pubmed_id": "39420616", "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.9758/cpn.24.1180", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychosis, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4398182074\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4398182074\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1966197040\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995256288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025684297\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028825681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061372721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800624902\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901140666\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249972766\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288513893\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310598708\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006127904\",\"display_name\":\"S Morris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764824292\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.9758/cpn.24.1180\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Personality Change,Review Article,Case Report,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4398182074" }, { "id": 3118, "title": "Psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time: computational modelling of behavior in rats", "normalized_title": "psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time computational modelling of behavior in rats", "authors": "Fisher EL, Smith R, Corcoran AW, Milton LK, Conn K, Hohwy J, Foldi CJ.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise as a novel pharmacological intervention for treatment of depression, where post-acute effects of psilocybin treatment have been associated with increased positive mood and decreased pessimism. Although psilocybin is proving to be effective in clinical trials for treatment of psychiatric disorders, the information processing mechanisms affected by psilocybin are not well understood. Here, we fit computational models of underlying decision-making mechanisms to behaviour in rats. The model revealed that rats treated with psilocybin achieve more rewards through increased task engagement, mediated by modification of forgetting rates and reduced loss aversion. These findings suggest that psilocybin may afford an optimism bias that arises through altered belief updating, with translational potential for clinical populations characterised by lack of optimism.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-05-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.05.16.594614", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.16.594614", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR853997\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4624, "title": "Psilocybin as a new way for depression treatment", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a new way for depression treatment", "authors": "Mateusz Pawlicki, Aleksandra Kłos, Karol Stachyrak, Dawid Mika, Bartosz Mazur, Kamila Turek, Maciej Lambach, Anna Gregułą, Aleksandra Mazurek, Wiktoria Wilanowska", "abstract": "Introduction: Mental disorders are common and still growing problem around the globe. Significantly decreasing quality of life, they are often source of true suffering for patients and their families leading to further health issues or even dramatic outcomes resulting in death. As public awareness rises, more and more people understand risks and tend to look for help as fast as possible. Currently available treatment methods are not always efficient enough to deal with more complex cases. Therefore it is important to look for new therapy options incrementing chances of fast and successful treatment. Results: Studies showed that psilocybin is not only able to lower depression and anxiety scores in patients with major depressive disorders or with serious life-threatening conditions but also proved this effect to be long-lasting. At the same time, no or little adverse side effects were noticed. Conclusions: Psilocybin is potentially a good method for depression treatment in some groups of patients. It should be considered if other, better known therapies show little or no effects.", "journal": "Journal of Education Health and Sport", "publication_date": "2024-05-14", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.12775/jehs.2024.68.50168", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.68.50168", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Medicine, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396937684\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396937684\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066244133\",\"display_name\":\"Mateusz Pawlicki\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8318-6573\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038428023\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Kłos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6870-2590\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093703384\",\"display_name\":\"Karol Stachyrak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3175-1866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103057913\",\"display_name\":\"Dawid Mika\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5254-5344\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012775469\",\"display_name\":\"Bartosz Mazur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0601-4350\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093703385\",\"display_name\":\"Kamila Turek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6888-8913\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010306637\",\"display_name\":\"Maciej Lambach\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3348-4272\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093703383\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Gregułą\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3712-7960\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038601968\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Mazurek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5298-782X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093703382\",\"display_name\":\"Wiktoria Wilanowska\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737571363\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Education Health and Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.68.50168\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396937684" }, { "id": 4628, "title": "Calls to Poison Centers Involving Psilocybin Rising in Youth", "normalized_title": "calls to poison centers involving psilocybin rising in youth", "authors": "Terri D’Arrigo", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Next article Clinical & ResearchFull AccessCalls to Poison Centers Involving Psilocybin Rising in YouthTerri D'ArrigoTerri D'ArrigoPublished Online:10 May 2024https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.06.6.2AbstractDecriminalization, legalization of psilocybin likely play roles in both increased exposure and poisoning.Getty Images/iStock/YarphotoSince 2019, calls to U.S. poison centers involving youth or young adults who took the psychedelic psilocybin have risen sharply, according to a study in the Journal of Adolescent Health. The timing is notable as 2019 was the start of a psilocybin decriminalization movement across numerous states and cities.\"Decriminalization most likely plays a role in the increase in psilocybin exposure calls reported to poison centers. Poison centers in the U.S. experienced similar increases related to cannabis when cannabis was decriminalized and legalized,\" lead author Rita Farah, Pharm.D, Ph.D., M.P.H. told Psychiatric News. She is an epidemiologist in the Medical Toxicology Division at the University of Virginia (UVA) School of Medicine.Farah and colleagues analyzed data from the National Poison Data System, which collects de-identified data from poison centers across the country. The researchers examined all cases of psilocybin exposure between 2013 and 2022 involving young people aged 13 to 25.Psilocybin exposure in youth is alarming because the states that have decriminalized psilocybin do not allow people younger than 21 years to use it, said Rita Farah, Pharm.D., Ph.D., M.P.H.University of VirginiaOver the 10-year period, there were 4,055 calls for psilocybin exposure, of which about 66% involved psilocybin alone. The most commonly reported clinical effects were hallucinations or delusions, agitation, elevated heart rate, or confusion. While most of the exposures required professional medical attention, there were only two reported deaths, and both involved a secondary substance (fentanyl and amphetamine).Between 2013 and 2018, the number of psilocybin calls per year remained steady among both adolescents aged 13 to 19 years and young adults aged 20 to 25 years. However, calls began to increase each year starting in 2019. Compared with calls in 2018, calls involving young adults more than doubled to approximately 300 calls in 2022. Over the same timeframe, calls involving adolescents more than tripled to approximately 450.Farah said that the increase seen among teenagers is alarming, especially because states and cities that have decriminalized psilocybin still prohibit anyone younger than 21 from using it.\"The emerging question is: To what extent psilocybin decriminalization is responsible of the increase seen in our study? For that, we need to compare trends between states and [between] cities where psilocybin was decriminalized and states and cities where psilocybin remains illegal,\" Farah said.Psychiatrists should counsel their patients that psilocybin should not be used out of controlled clinical settings, said Christopher Holstege, M.D.University of VirginiaIn the meantime, psychiatrists and other mental health professionals should counsel their patients about the risks of psilocybin, said study researcher Christopher Holstege, M.D. He is a professor of emergency medicine and pediatrics and Chief, Division of Medical Toxicology at the UVA School of Medicine as well as Director of UVA Health's Blue Ridge Poison Control Center.\"To date, studies conducted to explore potential indications of psilocybin in treating major depressive disorders or alcohol use disorder have been done in a controlled setting and use a defined dose,\" Holstege said. \"Psychiatrists and mental health professionals should explain to their patients that the use of psilocybin is not without adverse events and should not be used outside clinical controlled settings and with unregulated products that do not have defined doses based on quality control measures.\"Holstege emphasized the need for action on curtailing the burgeoning trend of psilocybin poisonings.\"[P]racticing clinicians, public educators, and policy makers must assure that such products that contain psilocybin remain out of the reach of young children, are not sold to youth, and are not taken by individuals outside of evidence-based or emerging science,\" he said. He added that vigilant quality control and a focus on labeling are critical. \"Surveillance must occur to determine if there are adverse consequences to assure the safety of the population in a similar manner as other pharmaceutical products.\"The researchers reported no outside funding for this study. ■Resource\"Psilocybin Exposures Reported to U.S. Poison Centers: National Trends Over a Decade\" ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2024-05-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2024.06.6.2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.06.6.2", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Criminology, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396797833\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396797833\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056763663\",\"display_name\":\"Terri D’Arrigo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.06.6.2\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Adolescents,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396797833" }, { "id": 952, "title": "Clinical Research Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Adolescents Aged 16 to 17 Years: Rationale Balanced With Caution.", "normalized_title": "clinical research trials of psychedelic assisted therapy in adolescents aged 16 to 17 years rationale balanced with caution", "authors": "Jeffrey JK, Weintraub MJ, Grob CS.", "abstract": "Youth today are burdened by significant mental health challenges. In 2022, 25% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years experienced a mental illness, with 20% experiencing a depressive episode, 12.5% reporting serious thoughts of suicide, and 17% meeting criteria for a substance use disorder.1 Close to 5% of adolescents experience posttraumatic stress disorder.2 Impairing psychiatric symptoms remain present in upwards of 40% of adolescents after receiving existing mental health services,3 so it is necessary to identify additional and more effective treatment options. We propose there is an acceptable benefit-to-risk calculation that supports trialing classic serotonergic psychedelics (eg, psilocybin) and phenethylamine compounds with empathogenic and entactogenic range of effects (eg, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA]) in combination with psychotherapy among select adolescents aged 16 to 17 years. Specifically, we propose testing these treatments among adolescents aged 16 to 17 years who are experiencing treatment-resistant manifestations of psychiatric disorders (ie, multiple failed trials of current evidence-based treatments) or psychiatric disorders that are in line with the current evidence base for adults as determined, for example, by the breakthrough designation of the US Food and Drug Administration for a particular psychedelic medicine (eg, psilocybin for major depressive disorder, MDMA for posttraumatic stress disorder).", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.021", "pubmed_id": "38734406", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.021", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Combined Modality Therapy, Psychotherapy, Adolescent, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38734406\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Adolescents,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3534, "title": "An Open-Label Investigation of the Effects of Sub-Perceptual Repeat Dosing of Psilocybin on the Behavioural and Cognitive Symptoms of Fragile X Syndrome in Adult Patients", "normalized_title": "an open label investigation of the effects of sub perceptual repeat dosing of psilocybin on the behavioural and cognitive symptoms of fragile x syndrome in adult patients", "authors": "Nova Mentis Life Science Corp", "abstract": "Diverse symptomatology makes Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) difficult to treat, and currently there are no approved prevention or treatment methods for FXS. Current therapies, including pharmaceutical and behavioural interventions, offer a patchwork of solutions that have limited efficacy and high toxicity. The current study aims to examine psilocybin as a safe treatment alternative with the ability to improve markers of cognition, communication, mood, behavior as well as markers of neuroinflammation, serotonin levels in exosomes, and neuroplasticity at sub-hallucinogenic doses (microdosing). The overall objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of low-dose psilocybin as a therapeutic option for individuals living with FXS and to improve diagnostic parameters of FXS, as well as therapeutic responses with the use of biomarkers. A total of 10 subjects who meet all the inclusion criteria and does not meet any of the exclusion criteria will be enrolled into the study. Any subjects prematurely terminated from the study will be replaced to ensure 10 subjects complete the study. A study coordinator will contact referring clinicians, caregivers, and subjects to pre-screen for initial eligibility. Those deemed eligible will be invited for an in-person screening along with the participating caregiver. The screening visit will be approximately two hours long and will consist of informed consent, diagnostic interview, physical examination, drugs of abuse test (DOA), ECG, medical/treatment history review, and demographic forms. A pregnancy test will be performed on females of child-bearing during screening, baseline, and end-of-study visits. All eligible subjects will enter the treatment arm of the study. Subjects and caregivers will return to the clinic for a baseline visit within three weeks of their screening completion. Baseline visit will include saliva/buccal swab collection, and clinician and self-report assessments for subjects and caregivers. These assessments will include the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-Third Edition (VABS-3), Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale (CGI-I), Visual Analog Scale-Treatment Satisfaction (VAS-TS), the Anxiety, Depression and Mood Scale (ADAMS), and the Systematic Assessment For Treatment Emergent Events (SAFTEE). Digital assessments may also be performed at the baseline visit or at home at the discretion of the qualified investigator. Digital assessments will include the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery Modified for Intellectual Disabilities (NIH-TCB), the Trail Making Test (TMT), and the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET). The study drug will be dispensed in blister packs to monitor adherence and improve subject compliance. Blister packs will be prepared and distributed at each subsequent visit. Subjects will return to the clinic for study visits on day 8, 15, 22, and 28 (study end date). Subjects and caregivers will complete the assessments described above. Subjects will provide additional saliva/buccal swab samples at day 15 and day 28.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-05-07", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05832255", "keywords": "Fragile X Syndrome, Behavior, Cognitive Dysfunction, Psilocybin, 1.5 mg, SUSPENDED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05832255\",\"overall_status\":\"SUSPENDED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Microdosing,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1115, "title": "Structural pharmacology and therapeutic potential of 5-methoxytryptamines.", "normalized_title": "structural pharmacology and therapeutic potential of 5 methoxytryptamines", "authors": "Warren AL, Lankri D, Cunningham MJ, Serrano IC, Parise LF, Kruegel AC, Duggan P, Zilberg G, Capper MJ, Havel V, Russo SJ, Sames D, Wacker D.", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin show potential for the treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders1-3. These compounds are thought to mediate their hallucinogenic and therapeutic effects through the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) receptor 5-HT2A (ref. 4). However, 5-HT1A also plays a part in the behavioural effects of tryptamine hallucinogens5, particularly 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), a psychedelic found in the toxin of Colorado River toads6. Although 5-HT1A is a validated therapeutic target7,8, little is known about how psychedelics engage 5-HT1A and which effects are mediated by this receptor. Here we map the molecular underpinnings of 5-MeO-DMT pharmacology through five cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of 5-HT1A, systematic medicinal chemistry, receptor mutagenesis and mouse behaviour. Structure-activity relationship analyses of 5-methoxytryptamines at both 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A enable the characterization of molecular determinants of 5-HT1A signalling potency, efficacy and selectivity. Moreover, we contrast the structural interactions and in vitro pharmacology of 5-MeO-DMT and analogues to the pan-serotonergic agonist LSD and clinically used 5-HT1A agonists. We show that a 5-HT1A-selective 5-MeO-DMT analogue is devoid of hallucinogenic-like effects while retaining anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like activity in socially defeated animals. Our studies uncover molecular aspects of 5-HT1A-targeted psychedelics and therapeutics, which may facilitate the future development of new medications for neuropsychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-07", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41586-024-07403-2", "pubmed_id": "38720072", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07403-2", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Mice, Methoxydimethyltryptamines, 5-Methoxytryptamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Structure-Activity Relationship, Models, Molecular, Male, Serotonin Receptor Agonists", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38720072\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1139, "title": "EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression: systematic review and meta-analysis", "normalized_title": "expression of concern efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "British Medical Journal Publishing Group", "abstract": "The journal and the authors are investigating the problem.The study analysed data from randomised trials of psilocybin for the treatment of depression in adults.A methodological concern has been raised about an error in the calculation of standardised mean differences.This is likely to have overestimated the benefits of psilocybin.The authors are reviewing and responding to the error and its implications for the findings and conclusions of the paper.The authors' response will be reviewed by The BMJ who will decide what further action is needed.", "journal": "BMJ", "publication_date": "2024-05-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1136/bmj.q1025", "pubmed_id": "38704154", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q1025", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Meta-analysis, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Psychology, Clinical trial, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396634501\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396634501\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"British Medical Journal Publishing Group\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393917726\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q1025\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396634501" }, { "id": 4631, "title": "Efficacy of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Substance and Alcohol Use Disorders", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of substance and alcohol use disorders", "authors": "Hanna Brancaccio", "abstract": "Introduction: Substance use disorder (SUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are major public health crises, affecting millions of Americans. Current treatment options include behavioral therapies and medications. In this review, we explored psilocybin’s efficacy in treating SUD and AUD. Methods: Key terms were used to search databases to identify articles that addressed psilocybin in the treatment of SUD. Included in the review were indexed, peer-reviewed, primary sources that were published within the last 10 years. Excluded studies were non-peer reviewed, not relevant to the thesis, and did not have an English translation. Results: The psychodynamic antidepressant effects of psilocybin mark its potential as treatment for depression and other mental health disorders. Clinical trials investigating the efficacy of psilocybin as a complement to psychotherapy for AUD reported notable an overall decrease in alcohol consumption compared to control groups. Similarly, other trials concluded that participants reported improvement of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, participants suffering from mental health disorders who experimented with microdosing reported improved focus, confidence, and relationships alongside decreased social anxiety. Animal models proved that psilocybin disrupted alcohol-related memories and alcohol-seeking behaviors; thus, psilocybin therapy may be beneficial in preventing relapse in patients with AUD. Discussion: Current studies show that psilocybin has potential as a treatment for SUD and AUD. Studies on psilocybin have various limitations, such as small sample sizes, reliance on self-reported data, and the inability to fully replicate the psychedelic experience in animal models. Despite limitations, these findings provide a strong rationale for conducting future high quality research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-05-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.149_2024", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.149_2024", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Substance use, Alcohol, Psychiatry, Alcohol use disorder, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Psychology, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401380403\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401380403\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5114746034\",\"display_name\":\"Hanna Brancaccio\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8005-9276\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.149_2024\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401380403" }, { "id": 1103, "title": "At the Forefront: Social Workers’ Role in Psilocybin Treatment for Depression and Substance Misuse", "normalized_title": "at the forefront social workers role in psilocybin treatment for depression and substance misuse", "authors": "Claire Parker, Bethany Wood", "abstract": "This article underscores the critical role of social workers in harnessing the potential therapeutic benefits of psilocybin for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance use disorder (SUD). Contemporary treatments for MDD often have side effects, and the success rate for SUD treatments remains low. The pervasiveness of MDD, combined with the challenges in treating SUD, highlights a need for innovative treatments. This article provides an overview of the resurgence of literature over the past two decades that illuminates the therapeutic promise of psilocybin for mental health treatment; clinical trials elucidate the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in mitigating MDD and demonstrate great promise in reducing SUD symptoms. The long-lasting posttreatment effect emphasizes its potential as a novel treatment modality. Furthermore, psilocybin's recognition as a \"breakthrough therapy\" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the accelerating pace of psychedelic reform bills indicate growing acceptance and interest in its therapeutic capacities. Psilocybin-assisted therapy emerges as a potent treatment option, showcasing remarkable effectiveness even after a single dose. Recommendations and pathways for social workers to be involved in psilocybin-assisted therapy investigation, advocacy, and implementation are provided.", "journal": "Social Work", "publication_date": "2024-05-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1093/sw/swae019", "pubmed_id": "38697188", "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swae019", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Substance abuse, Medicine, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396599639\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396599639\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1573741172\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981417884\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998744330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079676659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093994427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136772960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162097818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2509970222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515306146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589250705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792053282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108218550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167074068\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210332402\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311043198\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385706490\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386638047\",\"https://openalex.org/W6808219749\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081534232\",\"display_name\":\"Claire Parker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7364-7046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031958491\",\"display_name\":\"Bethany Wood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1367-0508\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S961603\",\"source_display_name\":\"Social Work\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swae019\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396599639" }, { "id": 2992, "title": "PSYCHEDELIC PSILOCYBIN-ASSISTED THERAPY REDUCES DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN ADULTS WITH CANCER AND DEPRESSION.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic psilocybin assisted therapy reduces depressive symptoms in adults with cancer and depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "38740403", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/38740403", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 07:01:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38740403\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1143, "title": "Psilocybin for depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression", "authors": "De Giorgi R, Ede R.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1136/bmj.q798", "pubmed_id": "38692675", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q798", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38692675\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1142, "title": "Efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression: systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Metaxa AM, Clarke M.", "abstract": "ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of psilocybin as an antidepressant compared with placebo or non-psychoactive drugs.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesFive electronic databases of published literature (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index and Conference Proceedings Citation Index, and PsycInfo) and four databases of unpublished and international literature (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and PsycEXTRA), and handsearching of reference lists, conference proceedings, and abstracts.Data synthesis and study qualityInformation on potential treatment effect moderators was extracted, including depression type (primary or secondary), previous use of psychedelics, psilocybin dosage, type of outcome measure (clinician rated or self-reported), and personal characteristics (eg, age, sex). Data were synthesised using a random effects meta-analysis model, and observed heterogeneity and the effect of covariates were investigated with subgroup analyses and metaregression. Hedges’ g was used as a measure of treatment effect size, to account for small sample effects and substantial differences between the included studies’ sample sizes. Study quality was appraised using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 tool, and the quality of the aggregated evidence was evaluated using GRADE guidelines.Eligibility criteriaRandomised trials in which psilocybin was administered as a standalone treatment for adults with clinically significant symptoms of depression and change in symptoms was measured using a validated clinician rated or self-report scale. Studies with directive psychotherapy were included if the psychotherapeutic component was present in both experimental and control conditions. Participants with depression regardless of comorbidities (eg, cancer) were eligible.ResultsMeta-analysis on 436 participants (228 female participants), average age 36-60 years, from seven of the nine included studies showed a significant benefit of psilocybin (Hedges’ g=0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46 to 0.86, P", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-30", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1136/bmj-2023-078084", "pubmed_id": "38692686", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078084", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38692686\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1159, "title": "Review of Psilocybin Use for Depression among Cancer Patients after Approval in Oregon", "normalized_title": "review of psilocybin use for depression among cancer patients after approval in oregon", "authors": "Val Bellman", "abstract": "Despite the legalization of psilocybin therapy for depression in terminal illnesses such as advanced cancer through Oregon's Measure 109 in 2020, significant challenges have impeded its implementation. This review synthesizes the empirical data supporting the utilization of psilocybin therapy for addressing cancer-related depression, including an evaluation of its purported benefits and potential adverse effects. It provides a comprehensive examination of therapeutic strategies, dosing regimens, and barriers to ensuring responsible and equitable access. Salient issues explored include the development of ethical protocols, integration within healthcare systems, ensuring statewide availability, resolving legal ambiguities, and defining clinical standards. Oregon's pioneering role serves as a case study, highlighting the necessity of addressing regulatory, logistical, and ethical obstacles to ensure the establishment of rigorous and equitable psilocybin care models.", "journal": "Cancers", "publication_date": "2024-04-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3390/cancers16091702", "pubmed_id": "38730654", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16091702", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Legalization, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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Bellman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-2450\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168415115\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cancers\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16091702\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396230194" }, { "id": 1013, "title": "Psilocybin restrains activity-based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility: contributions from 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin restrains activity based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility contributions from 5 ht1a and 5 ht2a receptor mechanisms", "authors": "Kyna-Anne Conn, Laura K Milton, Kaixin Huang, Hermany Munguba, Janika Ruuska, M. B. Lemus, Erin Greaves, Jihane Homman-Ludiye, Brian J. Oldfield, Claire J. Foldi", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise for alleviating symptoms of depression and is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN), a condition that is characterised by persistent cognitive inflexibility. Considering that enhanced cognitive flexibility after psilocybin treatment is reported to occur in individuals with depression, it is plausible that psilocybin could improve symptoms of AN by breaking down cognitive inflexibility. A mechanistic understanding of the actions of psilocybin is required to tailor the clinical application of psilocybin to individuals most likely to respond with positive outcomes. This can only be achieved using incisive neurobiological approaches in animal models. Here, we use the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rat model and comprehensively assess aspects of reinforcement learning to show that psilocybin (post-acutely) improves body weight maintenance in female rats and facilitates cognitive flexibility, specifically via improved adaptation to the initial reversal of reward contingencies. Further, we reveal the involvement of signalling through the serotonin (5-HT) 1 A and 5-HT2A receptor subtypes in specific aspects of learning, demonstrating that 5-HT1A antagonism negates the cognitive enhancing effects of psilocybin. Moreover, we show that psilocybin elicits a transient increase and decrease in cortical transcription of these receptors (Htr2a and Htr1a, respectively), and a further reduction in the abundance of Htr2a transcripts in rats exposed to the ABA model. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that psilocybin could ameliorate cognitive inflexibility in the context of AN and highlight a need to better understand the therapeutic mechanisms independent of 5-HT2A receptor binding.", "journal": "Molecular Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-04-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-024-02575-9", "pubmed_id": "38678087", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02575-9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Cognitive flexibility, Psychology, Cognition, Hallucinogen, Neuroscience, Flexibility (engineering), Context (archaeology), Clinical psychology, Pharmacology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Biology, Statistics, Mathematics, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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Conn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-7885\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010010872\",\"display_name\":\"Laura K Milton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1664-8337\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061059143\",\"display_name\":\"Kaixin Huang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9746-7947\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044072275\",\"display_name\":\"Hermany Munguba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-8423\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082990162\",\"display_name\":\"Janika Ruuska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3978-2033\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109664606\",\"display_name\":\"M. B. Lemus\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045433632\",\"display_name\":\"Erin Greaves\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9165-5851\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039407232\",\"display_name\":\"Jihane Homman-Ludiye\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6689-1457\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041876284\",\"display_name\":\"Brian J. Oldfield\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-6589\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003584852\",\"display_name\":\"Claire J. Foldi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-8242\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S71149355\",\"source_display_name\":\"Molecular Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02575-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4395688958" }, { "id": 4638, "title": "MedCheck: Psilocybin for Depression, LSD for Anxiety, Donanemab, LSD, and More", "normalized_title": "medcheck psilocybin for depression lsd for anxiety donanemab lsd and more", "authors": "Terri D’Arrigo", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Med CheckFull AccessMedCheck: Psilocybin for Depression, LSD for Anxiety, Donanemab, LSD, and MoreTerri D'ArrigoTerri D'ArrigoPublished Online:23 Apr 2024https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.05.5.1Vanda Gets Yes for Iloperidone for Bipolar, No for InsomniaVanda Pharmaceuticals Inc. announced in April that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the antipsychotic Fanapt (iloperidone) for the acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder in adults. Iloperidone has been approved for the acute treatment of schizophrenia since 2009.The approval was based on a phase 3 clinical trial of 414 adults with a history of bipolar I disorder. After four weeks of treatment, patients treated with iloperidone exhibited a 14-point drop on the Young Mania Rating Scale, compared with a 10-point drop among patients taking placebo. A statistically significant difference in mania improvement between iloperidone and placebo was evident after two weeks.The success of iloperidone offsets the decision that Vanda received in March, when the FDA rejected its melatonin receptor-blocking drug Hetlioz (tasimelteon) as a treatment for insomnia. The agency stated that it \"identified deficiencies that precluded discussion of labeling and postmarketing requirements/commitments.\"Psilocybin Analog Gets Breakthrough Designation From FDAIn March, the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to the psilocybin analog CYB003 for the adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), Cybin announced. The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy designation expedites the development and review of drugs for serious conditions. The criteria for Breakthrough Therapy designation require preliminary clinical evidence that indicates that the drug may demonstrate substantial improvement over available therapy on at least one clinically significant endpoint.The Breakthrough Designation was based on data from a phase 2 trial that compared CYB003 and placebo in 34 patients with moderate to severe MDD. Patients in the trial who received two doses of either 12 mg or 16 mg of CYB003 experienced an average 22-point reduction from baseline on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) after four months. Sixty percent of patients who received 12 mg and 75% of those who received 16 mg were in remission (MADRS score of less than or equal to 10) after four months.There were no drug-related serious adverse events, incidents of suicidal ideation or behavior, or discontinuations due to adverse events.Form of LSD Granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for AnxietyThe FDA also gave Breakthrough Therapy designation to another psychedelic therapy in March, Mind Medicine Inc's MM120 (lysergide d-tartrate) for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. MM120 is a tartrate salt form of lysergide, more commonly known as LSD. The FDA granted the designation based on data from the phase 2 MMED008 study.The study included 194 patients who had severe symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder with an average baseline score of roughly 30 on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Patients were then randomized to receive treatment with 25, 50, 100, or 200 μg of MM120 or placebo. Those who received 100 µg had an average 21.3-point reduction in HAM-A score at week 4, compared with an average reduction of 13.7-point reduction in those who took placebo. Results were similar at week 12, suggesting this medication provides a durable response.Pimavanserin Fails Phase 3 Schizophrenia TrialPatients with schizophrenia who took Nuplazid (pimavanserin) in the phase 3 ADVANCE-2 trial did not experience a statistically significant improvement in their negative symptoms compared with patients who took placebo, Acadia Pharmaceuticals announced in March.In the 26-week trial, 454 adults with predominant negative symptoms of schizophrenia were randomized to receive either two 17 mg tablets of pimavanserin or placebo daily. At study's end, those who took pimavanserin experienced a mean reduction of 11.8 points from baseline on the Negative Symptom Assessment-16, compared with a mean reduction of 11.1 points among those in the placebo group.\"We are disappointed the trial did not meet its primary endpoint given the significant unmet need in patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia,\" said Steve Davis, J.D., Acadia's chief executive officer in the announcement. \"We will continue to analyze these data with our scientific advisors, but we do not intend to conduct any further clinical trials with pimavanserin.\"FDA Meeting Will Delay Decision on Donanemab For Early Alzheimer'sIn March Eli Lilly & Co. announced that the FDA's Peripheral and Central Nervous System Drugs Advisory Committee will hold a meeting to discuss the Phase 3 TRAILBLAZER-ALZ2 trial on the efficacy and safety of donanemab in early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease. As Psychiatric News went to press, the FDA had not yet set a date for the meeting. Lilly had expected the FDA to approve donanemab in the first quarter of 2024, and this meeting will delay that decision.According to the statement by Lilly, the FDA wanted to further understand the safety results in donanemab-treated patients and how the unique trial design of the TRAILBLAZER-ALZ2 study might affect efficacy findings. The study required participants to have evidence of both amyloid and tau pathology and featured a limited-duration dosing regimen that allowed patients to complete treatment based on an assessment of amyloid plaque.The FDA had previously granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to donanemab based on the Phase 2 clinical trial TRAILBLAZER-ALZ. In that trial, patients who received donanemab experienced less cognitive and functional decline over the course of the trial, as measured by the change from baseline on the Integrated Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale.The FDA later declined to accept donanemab into the accelerated approval pathway. ■ ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2024-04-22", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2024.05.5.1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.05.5.1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Depression (economics), Psychology, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Internal medicine, Serotonin, Economics, Macroeconomics, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4395032120\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4395032120\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:cyb003\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056763663\",\"display_name\":\"Terri D’Arrigo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2024.05.5.1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4395032120" }, { "id": 3434, "title": "The Effect of Psilocybin on MDD Symptom Severity and Synaptic Density - A Single Dose Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo- Controlled Phase 2 Positron Emission Tomography Study", "normalized_title": "the effect of psilocybin on mdd symptom severity and synaptic density a single dose randomized double blind placebo controlled phase 2 positron emission tomography study", "authors": "Section for Affective Disorders; Northern Stockholm Psychiatry", "abstract": "PROTOCOL SYNOPSIS Title The effect of psilocybin on Major depressive disorder (MDD) symptom severity and synaptic density - a single dose randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b positron emission tomography study Study Code PSIPET Name of Sponsor SLSO Organisationsnr: 232100-0016 Sponsor representative: Andreas Carlborg Norra Stockholms Psykiatri Vårdvägen 3 112 19 Stockholm Sweden Medical Monitor Inspira Medical AB Phase of Study Phase 2b Sample Size 30 randomized Name of Investigational Product (IP) Psilocybin, 3-\\[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl\\]-1H-indol-4-yl\\] dihydrogen phosphate Name of Active Placebo Niacin EudraCT 2020-002790-94 Description of IP and Active Placebo PSIPET Protocol 5 200821 Page 14 Study Intervention Name: Psilocybin (active drug product) Niacin (active placebo product) Dosage formulation: One active capsule contains 25 mg of psilocybin One active placebo capsule contains 100 mg of niacin Capsule: Size 2 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), opaque Size 2 HPMC, opaque Unit dose strength: 25 mg 100 mg Route of Administration: Oral (solid dose) Oral (solid dose) Dosing instructions: One capsule administered with water One capsule administered with water Packaging and Labeling: Study Intervention will be provided in a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottle. Each bottle will contain one capsule (psilocybin or niacin) and will be labeled as required per Swedish requirement for blinded study. Study Description and Overview Thirty participants (males and females) ages 20 to 65 inclusive, who, at Screening, meet ICD-10 criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD), have a current depressive episode of at least 30-day duration, have a Screening Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score \\>= 22 and meet all other inclusion/exclusion criteria will be randomized with a 1-to-1 allocation under double-blind conditions to receive a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin or a single 100 mg oral dose of niacin. Niacin will serve as an active placebo control that provides an acute physiological response (flushing) that is intended to aid in blinding of intervention allocation. All randomized participants will be included in the Full Analysis Set (FAS) population used in analyzing primary and secondary study endpoints. Only participants who meet depressive symptom severity criteria at web screening (MADRS self-rating (MADRS-S) score \\> =19) and who do not show an unacceptably large degree of symptom improvement between the web screening and in-person screening (indexed by change in MADRS-S (improvement) 30% (MADRS representing web screening will be approximated to MADRS-S + 3) will be eligible for randomization. This is to minimize the risk for spontaneous remission before dosing. Participants deemed eligible following successful completion of all screening assessments including a structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination will be determined as eligible. Eligible participants at Baseline will submit cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), submit blood samples, be examined with positron emission tomography (PET) and the radioligand \\[11C\\]UCB-J and receive one preparation session (see further below) to be eligible for randomization on Dosing (Day 0) to receive either psilocybin or niacin active-placebo. They will complete follow-up visits, including outcome measures assessments, on study Day 1, 8, 15, 42 and 365 (within corresponding visit windows). At day 15 the sampling of CSF, blood and \\[11C\\]UCB-J PET will be repeated. PSIPET Protocol 5 200821 Page 15 After day 42, all participants will be given follow-up visits at Norra Stockholms Psykiatri for up to one year after dosing, to study dedicated physicians or nurses at a frequency determined by the health care professional. If needed to reach/stay in remission, the participants will be provided antidepressant treatment in accordance with the regional guidelines for antidepressant treatment (https://psykiatristod.se/regionala-vardprogram/ depression). At least monthly the participants will be asked to provide on-line symptom rating data (via 1177.se). At the 365-day visit, symptoms will be evaluated using MADRS, Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI-I) and Severity (CGI-S) scales. After completing the study (one year or withdrawal), participants will be subject to standard care, including referral in accordance with regional guidelines. The study outcome measures will be used to assess depressive symptoms, clinical global functioning, functional disability, anxiety symptoms and health-related quality of life. Safety outcome measures will be collected at all assessment time points from the time of consent through the end of study. To enhance participant safety, the current study proposes to test psilocybin within a \"set and setting\" (SaS) protocol similar to the protocol that has been used in all modern studies of psilocybin in both diseased and normal healthy populations. The SaS protocol for this study includes: 1) a preparation with session Facilitators (licensed psychologists) prior to dosing; 2) administration of study medications in an aesthetically neutral room under the supervision of two Facilitators who are present throughout the session (with the exception of short, temporary allowances for facilitator breaks; e.g. bathroom breaks); and 3) three post-dose integration sessions during which participants are encouraged to discuss their intervention experience with the Facilitators. To evaluate the Facilitators' adherence to the study manual, and the role of Facilitators' and participants' in-session behaviors for treatment outcome, all five sessions in the trial with Facilitators present will be recorded. The SaS will be identical for those randomized to psilocybin or niacin active placebo. Study Duration The planned maximum study duration for each participant will be approximately one year, with variation primarily dependent on the length of the screening period, the number of days between baseline and dosing, and the visit windows provided for each post-dose assessment. For each participant, the study will be divided into two phases: Phase A or treatment phase (day 0 to and including day 42), and phase B or follow-up phase (day 43 -365). The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin for major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to an active placebo (niacin) in otherwise medically-healthy participants between the ages of 20 and 65, assessed as the difference between groups in changes in depressive symptoms. Primary Outcome Measure Change in blinded rater MADRS total score from Baseline to Day 8.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-04-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04630964", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Depression, Psilocybin, Niacin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04630964\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1166, "title": "Psychological flexibility as a mechanism of change in psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depression: results from an exploratory placebo-controlled trial", "normalized_title": "psychological flexibility as a mechanism of change in psilocybin assisted therapy for major depression results from an exploratory placebo controlled trial", "authors": "Jordan Sloshower, Richard J. Zeifman, Jeffrey Guss, Robert Krause, Hamideh Safi-Aghdam, Surbhi Pathania, Brian Pittman, Deepak Cyril D’Souza", "abstract": "Several phase II studies have demonstrated that psilocybin-assisted therapy shows therapeutic potential across a spectrum of neuropsychiatric conditions, including major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the mechanisms underlying its often persisting beneficial effects remain unclear. Observational research suggests that improvements in psychological flexibility may mediate therapeutic effects. However, no psychedelic trials to date have substantiated this finding in a clinical sample. In an exploratory placebo-controlled, within-subject, fixed-order study, individuals with moderate to severe MDD were administered placebo (n = 19) followed by psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) (n = 15) 4 weeks later. Dosing sessions were embedded within a manualized psychotherapy that incorporated principles of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Depression severity, psychological flexibility, mindfulness, and values-congruent living were measured over a 16-weeks study period. Psychological flexibility, several facets of mindfulness, and values-congruent living significantly improved following psilocybin and were maintained through week 16. Additionally, improvements in psychological flexibility and experiential acceptance were strongly associated with reductions in depression severity following psilocybin. These findings support the theoretical premise of integrating psilocybin treatment with psychotherapeutic platforms that target psychological flexibility and add to emerging evidence that increasing psychological flexibility may be an important putative mechanism of change in psilocybin-assisted therapy for MDD and potentially, other mental health conditions.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-04-16", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-58318-x", "pubmed_id": "38632313", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58318-x", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mindfulness, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Flexibility (engineering), Placebo, Major depressive disorder, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Depression (economics), Experiential avoidance, Mechanism (biology), Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Mood, Intervention (counseling), Alternative medicine, Epistemology, Pathology, Economics, Philosophy, Macroeconomics, Mathematics, Statistics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394886406\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":53,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1749626057\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966524739\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973885027\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009519330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091415950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141463901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165406796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173679640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2249212493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346040660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2395013989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616273018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2625353282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791765313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885455509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2893135637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895645150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899976521\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938570586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996702784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999261467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999489633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999812626\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004759948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013642457\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090239575\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095167357\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193146023\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215602110\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220790925\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220874144\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281703399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4284665615\",\"https://openalex.org/W4284713495\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295997603\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382776629\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387674199\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080146983\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Sloshower\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000949886\",\"display_name\":\"Richard J. Zeifman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-4483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063135046\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Krause\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6916-5781\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045156614\",\"display_name\":\"Hamideh Safi-Aghdam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040839772\",\"display_name\":\"Surbhi Pathania\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056238262\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Pittman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-5604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081806198\",\"display_name\":\"Deepak Cyril D’Souza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-1462\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58318-x\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Psychological Flexibility,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4394886406" }, { "id": 1120, "title": "Treating Bipolar Depression Using Psilocybin-Validity Threats Regarding Efficacy and Safety", "normalized_title": "treating bipolar depression using psilocybin validity threats regarding efficacy and safety", "authors": "Eiko I. Fried, Ioana A. Cristea, Florian Naudet", "abstract": "To the Editor According to the study protocol, the recently published study by Aaronson et al1 was carried out “to assess effectiveness of 25 mg of psilocybin in [15] patients with treatment-resistant type 2 bipolar depression.” We see 3 concerns.", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-04-09", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0420", "pubmed_id": "38598200", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0420", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Bipolar disorder, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394676727\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394676727\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1714980748\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115881392\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899754826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072520929\",\"display_name\":\"Eiko I. Fried\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-594X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025084207\",\"display_name\":\"Ioana A. Cristea\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-7076\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081976341\",\"display_name\":\"Florian Naudet\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3760-3801\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0420\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4394676727" }, { "id": 1133, "title": "Psilocybin induces acute anxiety and changes in amygdalar phosphopeptides independently from the 5-HT2A receptor", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induces acute anxiety and changes in amygdalar phosphopeptides independently from the 5 ht2a receptor", "authors": "Ram Harari, Ipsita Chatterjee, Dmitriy Getselter, Evan Elliott", "abstract": "Psilocybin, and its metabolite psilocin, induces psychedelic effects through activation of the 5-HT2A receptor. Psilocybin has been proposed as a treatment for depression and anxiety but sometimes induces anxiety in humans. An understanding of mechanisms underlying the anxiety response will help to better develop therapeutic prospects of psychedelics. In the current study, psilocybin induced an acute increase in anxiety in behavioral paradigms in mice. Importantly, pharmacological blocking of the 5-HT2A receptor attenuates psilocybin-induced head twitch response, a behavioral proxy for the psychedelic response, but does not rescue psilocybin's effect on anxiety-related behavior. Phosphopeptide analysis in the amygdala uncovered signal transduction pathways that are dependent or independent of the 5-HT2A receptor. Furthermore, presynaptic proteins are specifically involved in psilocybin-induced acute anxiety. These insights into how psilocybin may induce short-term anxiety are important for understanding how psilocybin may best be used in the clinical framework.", "journal": "iScience", "publication_date": "2024-04-08", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.isci.2024.109686", "pubmed_id": "38660396", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109686", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Amygdala, Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology, Receptor, Medicine, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394602238\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394602238\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":19,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1990245488\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012266823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031832463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042593075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071869790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167541848\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171952745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2512668841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515280853\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803613718\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889525702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898691989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948851808\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000389316\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107793629\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116827302\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295048117\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307481727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4317242692\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318754695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379093876\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379469019\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385479997\",\"https://openalex.org/W6749681613\",\"https://openalex.org/W6786970953\",\"https://openalex.org/W6849285888\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064865259\",\"display_name\":\"Ram Harari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070282355\",\"display_name\":\"Ipsita Chatterjee\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9271-1277\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113073983\",\"display_name\":\"Dmitriy Getselter\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027372594\",\"display_name\":\"Evan Elliott\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1630-969X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898358376\",\"source_display_name\":\"iScience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109686\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4394602238" }, { "id": 3724, "title": "Psilocybin for dementia prevention? The potential role of psilocybin to alter mechanisms associated with major depression and neurodegenerative diseases.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for dementia prevention the potential role of psilocybin to alter mechanisms associated with major depression and neurodegenerative diseases", "authors": "Haniff ZR, Bocharova M, Mantingh T, Rucker JJ, Velayudhan L, Taylor DM, Young AH, Aarsland D, Vernon AC, Thuret S.", "abstract": "Major depression is an established risk factor for subsequent dementia, and depression in late life may also represent a prodromal state of dementia. Considering current challenges in the clinical development of disease modifying therapies for dementia, the focus of research is shifting towards prevention and modification of risk factors to alter the neurodegenerative disease trajectory. Understanding mechanistic commonalities underlying affective symptoms and cognitive decline may reveal biomarkers to aid early identification of those at risk of progressing to dementia during the preclinical phase of disease, thus allowing for timely intervention. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is a phenomenon that describes the birth of new neurons in the dentate gyrus throughout life and it is associated with spatial learning, memory and mood regulation. Microglia are innate immune system macrophages in the central nervous system that carefully regulate AHN via multiple mechanisms. Disruption in AHN is associated with both dementia and major depression and microgliosis is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that psychedelics promote neuroplasticity, including neurogenesis, and may also be immunomodulatory. In this context, psilocybin, a serotonergic agonist with rapid-acting antidepressant properties has the potential to ameliorate intersecting pathophysiological processes relevant for both major depression and neurodegenerative diseases. In this narrative review, we focus on the evidence base for the effects of psilocybin on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and microglial form and function; which may suggest that psilocybin has the potential to modulate multiple mechanisms of action, and may have implications in altering the progression from major depression to dementia in those at risk.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-05", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108641", "pubmed_id": "38583670", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108641", "keywords": "Hippocampus, Microglia, Animals, Humans, Dementia, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Neurogenesis, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:08:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38583670\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3726, "title": "[Psychedelic psychiatry].", "normalized_title": "psychedelic psychiatry", "authors": "López E, Yngwe H, Beckman M, Tiger M, Hieronymus F, Lundberg J.", "abstract": "In the last 20 years there has been an increased interest in research on psychedelic compounds for treatment of psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety and substance use disorders. Despite existing treatments being efficacious for many patients, this is not the case for up to a third of the patients with depression. Additionally, treatments are often long and associated with side effects. This review focuses on the psychedelic compound psilocybin, a serotonin-2A-receptor agonist that has been seen to reduce depression and anxiety in patients after administration of only a single dose, with effects lasting several weeks. Recent findings from phase II studies suggest that psilocybin treatment for depression is safe and efficacious. A phase III study is currently recruiting. Whether psychedelics will become a part of standard healthcare remains to be seen, but findings do give rise to cautious optimism.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-04-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "38572715", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/38572715", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:08:41", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38572715\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3610, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial Comparing One Versus Two Psychedelic Doses of Psilocybin (PSI-1V2)", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression a randomized phase ii clinical trial comparing one versus two psychedelic doses of psilocybin psi 1v2", "authors": "University Health Network, Toronto", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to see if one or two doses of psilocybin is more effective in relieving depressive symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Researchers also want to know if a second dose of psilocybin is safe and well-tolerated. This study will see if psilocybin is effective, safe, and well-tolerated by tracking changes in depressive symptoms, suicidality, and side effects. This study will also see if a second dose of psilocybin has an effect on quality of life, functioning, cognition (thinking, reasoning, remembering), and how long depressive symptoms improve (or worsen) after psilocybin is administered. During the past decade, there has been increased interest in the use of psilocybin as a novel treatment for mental health disorders, including treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Recent studies have suggested that psilocybin has the potential to relieve depressive symptoms when combined with psychotherapy (i.e., psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy \\[PAP\\]). Each psilocybin dosing session requires the use of extensive resources, including two specialized therapists supporting the patient for 6-8 hours per dosing session. If two doses of psilocybin prove to be more effective than a single dose of psilocybin in relieving depressive symptoms, then two doses should be the standard intervention for future trials and clinical application. However, if a second dose of psilocybin does not offer increased anti-depressant benefit from the first dose, then a second dose of psilocybin would only increase the risk of adverse side effects and cost of treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine whether a second dose of psilocybin provides better efficacy, safety and tolerability than a single dose. The investigators hypothesize that two doses of psilocybin will be more beneficial compared to a single dose, and that there will be no significant difference between the groups (one dose versus two doses) in safety or tolerability. The primary objective of assessing antidepressant efficacy will be evaluated by the change in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) between baseline and Week 8. Safety and tolerability will be assessed using standardized adverse effects monitoring, in addition to close participant monitoring during the dosing day (e.g., blood pressure changes, dissociative and psychotomimetic effects, treatment-emergent manic symptoms, and suicidality). Secondary objectives include evaluating the effects of one versus two psilocybin doses on suicidality, quality of life, functioning, cognition, and duration of clinical benefits during the six month observational follow-up period. Exploratory objectives include evaluating predictors of response, such as static and dynamic clinical factors and expectancy effects, and cost-effectiveness of one versus two psilocybin doses.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-04-01", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06341426", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Depression, Treatment-Resistant Depression, Mood Disorders, Single Psychedelic Dose Psilocybin, Two Psychedelic Doses Psilocybin, RECRUITING", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06341426\",\"overall_status\":\"RECRUITING\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4658, "title": "Current situation regarding psychedelics and magic mushroom in Korea", "normalized_title": "current situation regarding psychedelics and magic mushroom in korea", "authors": "J. S. Seo", "abstract": "Introduction Recently, the pros and cons have been debating in Korea even before the approval of use of medical marijuana with very strict limitations. And the next controversial topic is psychedelics. In 1890, when mescaline was first isolated from peyote cactus, clinical researches began, but due to its harmful effects, it was thereafter legally prohibited in 1970 in USA. However, a pernicious debate over the medical efficacy of psychedelic drugs has begun again with the release of a study that uses psychedelic mushrooms to be effective against treatment-resistant depression, alcohol dependence, and depression and anxiety in terminal cancer patient. Objectives To make a consensus on the medical use of these, we reviewed wild mushrooms containing hallucinogenic ingredients living in Korea. Methods To make a consensus on the medical use of these, we reviewed wild mushrooms containing hallucinogenic ingredients living in Korea. Results Mushrooms have long been popular as a food ingredient in Korea. Psilocybin, a classical psychedelic, can be obtained from magic mushroom (Psilocybe cubensis). The psilocybin on the CNS and causes hallucinations. Intoxication symptoms include pleasant or nervousness, sudden laughter, hallucinations, visual impairment, tachycardia and hypertension, reflexes, agitation, cognitive impairment, confusion, and aggressive behavior. These symptoms last for 2-4 hours after ingestion, and most disappear within six hours. Among 114 species of Psilocybe containing psilocybin around the world, only five wild mushrooms found in Korea that cause nervous system hallucinations are as follows: P. argentipes, P. coprophila, P. perdaria, and P. subcarulipes. In Korea, there is acute poisoning case suffering with GI symptoms caused by mushrooms, but it is difficult to find records of abuse or dependences case caused by psychedelic mushrooms. In addition, although oriental medicine treatment is relatively active, it is not used as an herbal medicine. Conclusions Currently, the Korean government classifies psychedelic mushroom-derived substances, Psilocybin and Psilocin, as psychotropic drugs by law. If researcher intends to clinical trial with eve very small amount of it for academic purpose, it is only possible after obtaining approval from Korean FDA. In order to determine the usefulness of psychedelics, many clinical studies are needed in Korea. Disclosure of Interest None Declared", "journal": "European Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2024-03-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1695", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1695", "keywords": "Mushroom, MAGIC (telescope), Psychology, Biology, Physics, Food science, Astronomy, Food Quality and Safety Studies, Ecology and Conservation Studies, Plant and animal studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401921810\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401921810\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111303550\",\"display_name\":\"J. S. Seo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S87202501\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1695\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401921810" }, { "id": 4655, "title": "Fallbeispiele zur Therapie der rezidivierenden Depression mit Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "fallbeispiele zur therapie der rezidivierenden depression mit psilocybin", "authors": "Eva Maria Schindowski, Franz X. Vollenweider", "abstract": "ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Der Artikel stellt 2 Behandlungsverläufe von Patienten mit rezidivierender Depression gegenüber, welche mit Psilocybin behandelt wurden. Weltweit wächst stetig die Anzahl Studien, die die Verwendung von Psilocybin zur Behandlung von Depressionen untersuchen und damit mehr und mehr das Interesse an dieser Therapieform. Während einige Kollegen aus dem Forschungsumfeld einen aktuellen „Hype“ um die Wirkung von Psychedelika bemerken, machen Patienten und ihre begleitenden Behandler sehr unterschiedliche Erfahrungen in der konkreten Anwendung der Substanz. Es gibt nur wenige detaillierte Beschreibungen von Langzeitverläufen, die Außenstehenden, die sonst keine Berührungspunkte mit der klinischen Anwendung im Forschungsrahmen oder in anderen legalen Settings haben, einen tieferen Einblick in diese Art der Therapie ermöglichen. Die hier genannten Fallbeispiele zeigen einerseits das enorme Potenzial von Psilocybin, das Leben depressiver Patienten positiv zu beeinflussen, andererseits sollte nicht vernachlässigt werden, dass es weiterhin Patienten gibt, die auch bei wiederholter Anwendung keinen langfristigen Nutzen erfahren.", "journal": "Nervenheilkunde", "publication_date": "2024-03-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1055/a-2283-0221", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2283-0221", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396883294\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4396883294\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389208371\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023657656\",\"display_name\":\"Eva Maria Schindowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-6902\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S143149996\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nervenheilkunde\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2283-0221\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4396883294" }, { "id": 4652, "title": "Depressionen: Remission durch Psilocybin bei laufender SSRI-Therapie", "normalized_title": "depressionen remission durch psilocybin bei laufender ssri therapie", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psilocybin ist ein Indolalkaloid aus der Gruppe der Tryptamine und wird zur Behandlung behandlungsresistenter Depressionen (TRD) untersucht. Da die Einnahme von Antidepressiva die psychedelische Wirkung von Psilocybin potenziell verändern kann, werden diese vor Studienbeginn regelhaft ausgeschlichen. Goodwin et al. dagegen wollten prüfen, ob Psilocybin eine SSRI-Therapie bereichern kann, und kommen in ihrer Studie zu einem positiven Ergebnis.", "journal": "Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2024-03-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1055/a-2254-0360", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2254-0360", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394936295\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4394936295\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\"],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5647071\",\"source_display_name\":\"Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2254-0360\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4394936295" }, { "id": 1172, "title": "Acute Adverse Effects of Therapeutic Doses of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "acute adverse effects of therapeutic doses of psilocybin a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Yerubandi A, Thomas JE, Bhuiya NMMA, Harrington C, Villa Zapata L, Caballero J.", "abstract": "ImportancePsilocybin has been studied in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. Clinical studies have mainly focused on efficacy, with systematic reviews showing favorable efficacy; however, none have primarily focused on psilocybin safety.ObjectiveTo evaluate the acute adverse effects of psilocybin at therapeutic doses in the treatment of depression and anxiety.Data sourcesMEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for publications available between 1966 and November 30, 2023.Study selectionRandomized, double-blind clinical trials that reported adverse effects of psilocybin in patients treated for depression and anxiety were screened.Data extraction and synthesisData were independently extracted by 2 authors and verified by 2 additional authors following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline. The inverse variance method with the Hartung-Knapp adjustment for the random-effects model was used, with a continuity correction of 0.5 for studies with 0 cell frequencies. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by sequentially removing 1 study at a time to assess the robustness of the results.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was considered as the adverse effects of psilocybin at high and moderate (ie, therapeutic) dose regimens and compared with placebo, low-dose psilocybin, or other comparator in the treatment of depression and/or anxiety.ResultsSix studies met the inclusion criteria with a total sample of 528 participants (approximately 51% female; median age 39.8 years; IQR, 39.8-41.2). Seven adverse effects were reported in multiple studies and included in the analysis. Among these, headache (relative risk [RR], 1.99; 95% CI1.06-3.74), nausea (RR, 8.85; 95% CI, 5.68-13.79), anxiety (RR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.11-4.64), dizziness (RR, 5.81; 95% CI, 1.02-33.03), and elevated blood pressure (RR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.15- 4.53) were statistically significant. Psilocybin use was not associated with risk of paranoia and transient thought disorder.Conclusions and relevanceIn this meta-analysis, the acute adverse effect profile of therapeutic single-dose psilocybin appeared to be tolerable and resolved within 48 hours. However, future studies need to more actively evaluate the appropriate management of adverse effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-03-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5960", "pubmed_id": "38598236", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5960", "keywords": "Humans, Dizziness, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Adult, Female, Male, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38598236\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1108, "title": "Spectral signatures of psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and ketamine in healthy volunteers and persons with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "spectral signatures of psilocybin lysergic acid diethylamide lsd and ketamine in healthy volunteers and persons with major depressive disorder and treatment resistant depression a systematic review", "authors": "Le GH, Wong S, Badulescu S, Au H, Di Vincenzo JD, Gill H, Phan L, Rhee TG, Ho R, Teopiz KM, Kwan ATH, Rosenblat JD, Mansur RB, McIntyre RS.", "abstract": "BackgroundElectrophysiologic measures provide an opportunity to inform mechanistic models and possibly biomarker prediction of response. Serotonergic psychedelics (SPs) (i.e., psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)) and ketamine represent new investigational and established treatments in mood disorders respectively. There is a need to better characterize the mechanism of action of these agents.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review investigating the spectral signatures of psilocybin, LSD, and ketamine in persons with major depressive disorder (MDD), treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and healthy controls.ResultsKetamine and SPs are associated with increased theta power in persons with depression. Ketamine and SPs are also associated with decreased spectral power in the alpha, beta and delta bands in healthy controls and persons with depression. When administered with SPs, theta power was increased in persons with MDD when administered with SPs. Ketamine is associated with increased gamma band power in both healthy controls and persons with MDD.LimitationsThe studies included in our review were heterogeneous in their patient population, exposure, dosing of treatment and devices used to evaluate EEG and MEG signatures. Our results were extracted entirely from persons who were either healthy volunteers or persons with MDD or TRD.ConclusionsExtant literature evaluating EEG and MEG spectral signatures indicate that ketamine and SPs have reproducible effects in keeping with disease models of network connectivity. Future research vistas should evaluate whether observed spectral signatures can guide further discovery of therapeutics within the psychedelic and dissociative classes of agents, and its prediction capability in persons treated for depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-03-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.165", "pubmed_id": "38570038", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.165", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Electroencephalography, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38570038\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1190, "title": "Methyl transfer in psilocybin biosynthesis", "normalized_title": "methyl transfer in psilocybin biosynthesis", "authors": "Jesse Hudspeth, Kai Rogge, Sebastian Dörner, Maximilian Müll, Dirk Hoffmeister, Bernhard Rupp, Sebastiaan Werten", "abstract": "Abstract Psilocybin, the natural hallucinogen produced by Psilocybe (“magic”) mushrooms, holds great promise for the treatment of depression and several other mental health conditions. The final step in the psilocybin biosynthetic pathway, dimethylation of the tryptophan-derived intermediate norbaeocystin, is catalysed by PsiM. Here we present atomic resolution (0.9 Å) crystal structures of PsiM trapped at various stages of its reaction cycle, providing detailed insight into the SAM-dependent methylation mechanism. Structural and phylogenetic analyses suggest that PsiM derives from epitranscriptomic N6 -methyladenosine writers of the METTL16 family, which is further supported by the observation that bound substrates physicochemically mimic RNA. Inherent limitations of the ancestral monomethyltransferase scaffold hamper the efficiency of psilocybin assembly and leave PsiM incapable of catalysing trimethylation to aeruginascin. The results of our study will support bioengineering efforts aiming to create novel variants of psilocybin with improved therapeutic properties.", "journal": "Nature Communications", "publication_date": "2024-03-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41467-024-46997-z", "pubmed_id": "38548735", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46997-z", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Methylation, Hallucinogen, Chemistry, Computational biology, Biology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Gut microbiota and health, Polyamine Metabolism and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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Hudspeth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7557-8964\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075430333\",\"display_name\":\"Kai Rogge\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6870-9488\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027539660\",\"display_name\":\"Sebastian Dörner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092542831\",\"display_name\":\"Maximilian Müll\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068638612\",\"display_name\":\"Bernhard Rupp\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-6965\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006133654\",\"display_name\":\"Sebastiaan Werten\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-9688\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S64187185\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Communications\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46997-z\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Epigenetics,Transcriptomics,Microbiome", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4393270574" }, { "id": 1147, "title": "Efficacy and safety of psychedelics for the treatment of mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psychedelics for the treatment of mental disorders a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Yao Y, Guo D, Lu TS, Liu FL, Huang SH, Diao MQ, Li SX, Zhang XJ, Kosten TR, Shi J, Bao YP, Lu L, Han Y.", "abstract": "We aim to systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness and safety of psychedelics [psilocybin, ayahuasca (active component DMT), LSD and MDMA] in treating symptoms of various mental disorders. Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, and PubMed were searched up to February 2024 and 126 articles were finally included. Results showed that psilocybin has the largest number of articles on treating mood disorders (N = 28), followed by ayahuasca (N = 7) and LSD (N = 6). Overall, psychedelics have therapeutic effects on mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Specifically, psilocybin (Hedges' g = -1.49, 95% CI [-1.67, -1.30]) showed the strongest therapeutic effect among four psychedelics, followed by ayahuasca (Hedges' g = -1.34, 95% CI [-1.86, -0.82]), MDMA (Hedges' g = -0.83, 95% CI [-1.33, -0.32]), and LSD (Hedges' g = -0.65, 95% CI [-1.03, -0.27]). A small amount of evidence also supports psychedelics improving tobacco addiction, eating disorders, sleep disorders, borderline personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder. The most common adverse event with psychedelics was headache. Nearly a third of the articles reported that no participants reported lasting adverse effects. Our analyses suggest that psychedelics reduce negative mood, and have potential efficacy in other mental disorders, such as substance-use disorders and PTSD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-03-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115886", "pubmed_id": "38574699", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115886", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38574699\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,Headache / Migraine,Personality Change,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1148, "title": "Effects of discontinuation of serotonergic antidepressants prior to psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram for major depression", "normalized_title": "effects of discontinuation of serotonergic antidepressants prior to psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram for major depression", "authors": "David Erritzøe, Tommaso Barba, Meg J. Spriggs, Fernando E. Rosas, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence for the therapeutic effects of the psychedelic drug psilocybin for major depression. However, due to the lack of safety data on combining psilocybin with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and concerns that there may be a negative interaction on efficacy, participants enrolling in psychedelic trials are usually required to discontinue SNRI/SNRIs prior to enrolling. AIMS: Using data from a recent clinical trial examining the comparative efficacy the psychedelic drug psilocybin (P) combined with approximately 20 h of psychological support to a 6-week (daily) course of the SSRI escitalopram plus matched psychological support for major depressive disorder, we explored the effects of discontinuing SSRI/SNRIs prior to study enrolment on study outcomes. METHODS: Exploratory post hoc analyses using linear mixed effects model were performed to investigate the discontinuation effect on various validated depression symptom severity scales and well-being. The impact of SSRI/SNRIs discontinuation on the acute psychedelic experience was also explored. RESULTS/OUTCOMES: In the psilocybin group, there was a reduced treatment effect on all outcome measures for SSRI/SNRIs discontinuers compared with unmedicated patients at trial entry. However, no effects of discontinuation on measures of the acute psychedelic experience were found. CONCLUSION: Discontinuation of SSRI/SNRIs before psilocybin might diminish response to treatment; however, as we did not test SSRI/SNRI continuation in our trial, we cannot infer such causation. Moreover, the exploratory nature of the analyses makes them hypothesis generating, and not confirmatory. A controlled trial of SSRI/SNRI discontinuation versus continuation prior to psilocybin is urgently required.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2024-03-21", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811241237870", "pubmed_id": "38520045", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241237870", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Discontinuation, Psychology, Paroxetine, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4393118291\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":26,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W202333777\",\"https://openalex.org/W265240844\",\"https://openalex.org/W1575252642\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951724000\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977708183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001284148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042510791\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045488830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060307846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071034105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092475629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099634048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155959499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162510673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169083980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2329873939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397862430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2408297962\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410085988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519531315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567636536\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605671917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2639909134\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2783948250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804151801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912654919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919124707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980350741\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003710034\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094909023\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107283988\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182390788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191247672\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197897999\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243810801\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292338862\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308372082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313251651\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W4372336620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4390186718\",\"https://openalex.org/W6674913956\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005427567\",\"display_name\":\"Tommaso Barba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-4628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025030452\",\"display_name\":\"Meg J. Spriggs\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7800-1586\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020498855\",\"display_name\":\"Fernando E. Rosas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7790-6183\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811241237870\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4393118291" }, { "id": 1199, "title": "The therapeutic alliance between study participants and intervention facilitators is associated with acute effects and clinical outcomes in a psilocybin-assisted therapy trial for major depressive disorder", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic alliance between study participants and intervention facilitators is associated with acute effects and clinical outcomes in a psilocybin assisted therapy trial for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Adam W. Levin, Rafael Lancelotta, Nathan D. Sepeda, Natalie Gukasyan, Sandeep M. Nayak, Theodore L. Wagener, Frederick S. Barrett, Roland R. Griffiths, Alan K. Davis", "abstract": "We examined if the therapeutic alliance between study participants and intervention facilitators in a psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) trial changed over time and whether there were relationships between alliance, acute psilocybin experiences, and depression outcomes. In a randomized, waiting list-controlled clinical trial for major depressive disorder in adults (N = 24), participants were randomized to an immediate (N = 13) or delayed (N = 11) condition with two oral doses of psilocybin (20mg/70kg and 30mg/70kg). Ratings of therapeutic alliance significantly increased from the final preparation session to one-week post-intervention (p =.03, d =.43). A stronger total alliance at the final preparation session predicted depression scores at 4 weeks (r = -.65, p =.002), 6 months (r = -.47, p =.036), and 12 months (r = -.54, p =.014) post-intervention. A stronger total alliance in the final preparation session was correlated with higher peak ratings of mystical experiences (r =.49, p =.027) and psychological insight (r =.52, p =.040), and peak ratings of mystical experience and psychological insight were correlated with depression scores at 4 weeks (r = -.45, p =.030 for mystical; r = -.75, p", "journal": "PLoS ONE", "publication_date": "2024-03-13", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0300501", "pubmed_id": "38483940", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300501", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Alliance, Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Placebo, Clinical psychology, Intervention (counseling), Clinical trial, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Alternative medicine, Economics, Political science, Pathology, Law, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392797453\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":65,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1690050651\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977749452\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986439041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015114767\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030862457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033379000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042273921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044661514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046978361\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056299683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059733285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081234327\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102417306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134813353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2402352829\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792161256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792939909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803499312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895740693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000810609\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013066747\",\"https://openalex.org/W3018060248\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033752070\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047065905\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087180323\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112557491\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122526563\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134098691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171671394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210625928\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220813054\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224443490\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237178762\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251765303\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281397183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285591032\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286587482\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296481593\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311093363\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313339783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385932674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385978292\",\"https://openalex.org/W7053275802\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074195594\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048202842\",\"display_name\":\"Adam W. Levin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9167-462X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056271117\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael Lancelotta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-3463\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029782732\",\"display_name\":\"Theodore L. Wagener\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-228X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S202381698\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS ONE\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300501\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392797453" }, { "id": 4667, "title": "Unique Psychological Mechanisms Underlying Psilocybin Therapy Versus Escitalopram Treatment in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "unique psychological mechanisms underlying psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram treatment in the treatment of major depressive disorder", "authors": "Brandon Weiss, Leor Roseman, Bruna Giribaldi, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, David Erritzøe", "abstract": "Abstract The mechanisms by which Psilocybin Therapy (PT) improves depression remain an important object of study, with scientists actively exploring acute psychological experiences and neurobiological processes as candidates. In a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, active comparator controlled trial involving patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, we investigated whether acute psychological experiences could meaningfully account for the unique efficacy of PT versus Escitalopram Treatment over a core 6-week trial period. An exploratory-factor-analysis-derived single-factor of depression was used as the outcome. Among a comprehensive set of acute experiences related to psilocybin, so-called “mystical experience” and “ego dissolution” were unique in mediating the effect of treatment condition on depressive response with high specificity. Higher reported levels of mystical experience, emotional breakthrough, and intense responses to music-listening were furthermore associated with greater antidepressant response. These results provide qualified support for the causal mechanistic role of acute psychological experiences in the treatment of depression via PT.", "journal": "International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction", "publication_date": "2024-03-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s11469-024-01253-9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01253-9", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Citalopram, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Mood, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S47841752\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01253-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392550813" }, { "id": 4668, "title": "Patients with bipolar II disorder benefit from single dose of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "patients with bipolar ii disorder benefit from single dose of psilocybin", "authors": "", "abstract": "A single 25-mg dose of psilocybin resulted in improvement in depressive symptoms in all 15 participants in an open-label nonrandomized trial enrolling adults with bipolar II disorder. Twelve of the 15 participants met response and remission criteria at the study's 12-week endpoint.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2024-03-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31143", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31143", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Bipolar disorder, Medicine, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:43", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392379407\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392379407\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.31143\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392379407" }, { "id": 1208, "title": "A Systematic Review of the Neurocognitive Effects of Psychedelics in Healthy Populations: Implications for Depressive Disorders and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.", "normalized_title": "a systematic review of the neurocognitive effects of psychedelics in healthy populations implications for depressive disorders and post traumatic stress disorder", "authors": "Velit-Salazar MR, Shiroma PR, Cherian E.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThis study aims to provide an overview of pharmacological trials that examine the neurocognitive effects of psychedelics among healthy individuals and patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) was used as a guide to structure and report the findings for this review. A literature search included the MEDLINE database up until December 2022. We included randomized or open-label human studies of MDMA, psilocybin, mescaline, LSD, DMT, or cannabis reporting non-emotionally charged neurocognitive outcomes (\"cold cognition\") measured through validated neuropsychological tests.ResultsA total of 43 full-text papers on MDMA (15), cannabis (12), LSD (6), psilocybin (9), DMT/ayahuasca (1), and mescaline (0) were included, mostly on healthy subjects. A single article on MDMA's effects on cognition in subjects with PTSD was included; there were no studies on psychedelics and neurocognition in MDD. Most of the studies on healthy subjects reported detrimental or neutral effects on cognition during the peak effect of psychedelics with a few exceptions (e.g., MDMA improved psychomotor function). Performance on the type of neurocognitive dimension (e.g., attention, memory, executive function, psychomotor) varies by type of psychedelic, dosage, and cognitive testing.ConclusionsSmall samples and a lack of uniformed methods across studies preclude unequivocal conclusions on whether psychedelics enhance, decrease, or have no significant effect on cognitive performance. It is foreseen that psychedelics will soon become an available treatment for various psychiatric disorders. The acute and long-term effects on cognition caused by psychedelics should be assessed in future studies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-03-02", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3390/brainsci14030248", "pubmed_id": "38539636", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14030248", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38539636\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Emotional Processing,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4671, "title": "Psilocybin zur Behandlung depressiver Erkrankungen", "normalized_title": "psilocybin zur behandlung depressiver erkrankungen", "authors": "Henning Hintzsche", "abstract": "", "journal": "BIOspektrum", "publication_date": "2024-02-29", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s12268-024-2157-2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12268-024-2157-2", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4393593704\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4393593704\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002204564\",\"display_name\":\"Henning Hintzsche\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-2967\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764634890\",\"source_display_name\":\"BIOspektrum\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12268-024-2157-2\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4393593704" }, { "id": 1209, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians-Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians psilocybin", "authors": "Burton J. Tabaac, Kenneth Shinozuka, Alejandro Arenas, Bryce D. Beutler, Kirsten Cherian, Viviana D. Evans, Chelsey Fasano, Owen S. Muir", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The primary psychoactive drug in magic mushrooms, psilocybin, induces profound alterations in consciousness through the 5-HT2A receptor. This review consolidates current research findings to elucidate the pharmacology, safety profile, and clinical applications of psilocybin. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY: Despite initial concerns that psilocybin could cause psychosis, contemporary research has demonstrated that psilocybin is generally safe. The most common adverse effects are nausea and headache, yet both tend to be transient. Serious adverse events can generally be avoided in controlled settings such as clinical trials. However, in the largest clinical trial to date, there were a total of 7 reported cases of suicidal ideation, up to 12 weeks after receiving a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin. That being said, all 7 cases did not respond to the treatment. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may blunt the hallucinogenic qualities of psilocybin, preliminary research suggests that they may enhance its antidepressant effects. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES: In clinical trials, psilocybin has shown promise for treating major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Initial studies indicated that 42%-57% of patients underwent remission after psilocybin-assisted therapy, which suggests that psilocybin is more effective than existing antidepressant medications. Clinical data have also demonstrated that psilocybin can manage substance use disorders and end-of-life anxiety with clinical outcomes that are sustained for months and sometimes years after 1 or 2 doses. LIMITATIONS: However, larger Phase II trials with more than 100 depressed participants have shown a much smaller remission rate of 25%-29%, though these studies still observed that psilocybin causes a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Aside from ketamine, psilocybin is the most clinically well-researched psychedelic drug, with trials that have enrolled hundreds of participants and multiple therapeutic applications. Phase III trials will determine whether psilocybin lives up to the promise that it showed in previous clinical trials.", "journal": "American Journal of Therapeutics", "publication_date": "2024-02-29", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1097/mjt.0000000000001724", "pubmed_id": "38518269", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/mjt.0000000000001724", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Adverse effect, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Clinical trial, Fluoxetine, Pharmacology, Anxiety, Internal medicine, Serotonin, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": 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J. Tabaac\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7862-5471\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000417271\",\"display_name\":\"Kenneth Shinozuka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-9161\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109694269\",\"display_name\":\"Alejandro Arenas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013379706\",\"display_name\":\"Bryce D. Beutler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5071-1826\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084494931\",\"display_name\":\"Kirsten Cherian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6058-0081\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109694684\",\"display_name\":\"Viviana D. Evans\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108242803\",\"display_name\":\"Chelsey Fasano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016829878\",\"display_name\":\"Owen S. Muir\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-338X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S67118044\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Therapeutics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/mjt.0000000000001724\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4393098899" }, { "id": 1105, "title": "Impact of Psilocybin on Peripheral Cytokine Production", "normalized_title": "impact of psilocybin on peripheral cytokine production", "authors": "Dana DiRenzo, Frederick S. Barrett, Jamie Perin, Erika Darrah, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Roland R. Griffiths", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug with potential therapeutic effects in patients with mood and substance use disorders. Little is known about its impact on the immune system. Methods: Multiplex immunoassay pro-inflammatory cytokine panels (Meso-Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD) were used to examine the serum from participants in three separate randomized controlled clinical trials (randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) wherein a range of doses of psilocybin were administered (methods reported previously). Participants represented a range of clinical histories including those with no-known health problems/long-term meditation practice ( n = 35), depression ( n = 25), anxiety, and cancer (various types; n = 31). Linear mixed models with random effects for each participant were fit to determine relative cytokine levels both immediately before and at various time points after psilocybin administration, adjusted for multiple comparisons. Serum extracted during a waitlist, where applicable, was not included. Results: Sera from 91 participants were included from our three prior RCTs. In our linear models of pooled data, sera collected ≤1-week postpsilocybin revealed increased levels of interleukin (IL)-8 (β = 0.164, 95% confidence interval [0.10 to 0.23]; p = 0.042). At ≥4-week time points compared to baseline, there were no changes in cytokine levels. In our linear models of individual studies, no changes in cytokine levels at each time point were observed. Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests that a transient increase in cytokine production ≤1-week postpsilocybin may be found, although not consistently across patient populations. More broadly, peripheral cytokine production is possibly altered by psilocybin administration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01988311.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2024-02-27", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0039", "pubmed_id": "40051582", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0039", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Peripheral, Production (economics), Cytokine, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Immunology, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392242985\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392242985\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W70805046\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981020037\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995525413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027321893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086334349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2469268362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2698307513\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200471428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283768889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312056223\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049612659\",\"display_name\":\"Dana DiRenzo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9350-1821\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071880070\",\"display_name\":\"Jamie Perin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-6620\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057205976\",\"display_name\":\"Erika Darrah\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1119-0279\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070979049\",\"display_name\":\"Lisa Christopher-Stine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-7306\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0039\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392242985" }, { "id": 1135, "title": "Predicting the outcome of psilocybin treatment for depression from baseline fMRI functional connectivity", "normalized_title": "predicting the outcome of psilocybin treatment for depression from baseline fmri functional connectivity", "authors": "Débora Copa, David Erritzøe, Bruna Giribaldi, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, Enzo Tagliazucchi", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2024-02-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.089", "pubmed_id": "38423367", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.089", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Functional connectivity, Baseline (sea), Psychology, Outcome (game theory), Default mode network, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Biology, Economics, Fishery, Mathematical economics, Mathematics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392203910\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392203910\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":31,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1138769378\",\"https://openalex.org/W1487321909\",\"https://openalex.org/W1500342109\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973776237\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980151324\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984615306\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999682854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020472715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024855479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047084603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050478809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055862036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058046532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064311536\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066323805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070493638\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086712277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097950056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099963822\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101234009\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104873132\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110290939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125917054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130259903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136857108\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137526583\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140843341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158327608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161493176\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168088150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2217827730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2262083186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552047097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2580637087\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588080892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2765870488\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790056169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888505821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923374722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946133992\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981446641\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014803974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046526879\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122633272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137933781\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213175387\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237977885\",\"https://openalex.org/W4244883719\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300510547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313251651\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W6627305795\",\"https://openalex.org/W6668130295\",\"https://openalex.org/W6675354045\",\"https://openalex.org/W6688394765\",\"https://openalex.org/W6789028823\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5094014277\",\"display_name\":\"Débora Copa\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8067-5879\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058986420\",\"display_name\":\"Enzo Tagliazucchi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0421-9993\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.089\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Default Mode Network,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392203910" }, { "id": 594, "title": "Are \"mystical experiences\" essential for antidepressant actions of ketamine and the classic psychedelics?", "normalized_title": "are mystical experiences essential for antidepressant actions of ketamine and the classic psychedelics", "authors": "Hashimoto K.", "abstract": "The growing interest in the rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of the dissociative anesthetic ketamine and classic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, is remarkable. However, both ketamine and psychedelics are known to induce acute mystical experiences; ketamine can cause dissociative symptoms such as out-of-body experience, while psychedelics typically bring about hallucinogenic experiences, like a profound sense of unity with the universe or nature. The role of these mystical experiences in enhancing the antidepressant outcomes for patients with depression is currently an area of ongoing investigation and debate. Clinical studies have shown that the dissociative symptoms following the administration of ketamine or (S)-ketamine (esketamine) are not directly linked to their antidepressant properties. In contrast, the antidepressant potential of (R)-ketamine (arketamine), thought to lack dissociative side effects, has yet to be conclusively proven in large-scale clinical trials. Moreover, although the activation of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is crucial for the hallucinogenic effects of psychedelics in humans, its precise role in their antidepressant action is still under discussion. This article explores the importance of mystical experiences in enhancing the antidepressant efficacy of both ketamine and classic psychedelics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-02-26", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s00406-024-01770-7", "pubmed_id": "38411629", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-024-01770-7", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Dissociative Disorders, Mysticism", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38411629\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1227, "title": "Multimodal Neuroimaging of the Effect of Serotonergic Psychedelics on the Brain.", "normalized_title": "multimodal neuroimaging of the effect of serotonergic psychedelics on the brain", "authors": "Frautschi PC, Singh AP, Stowe NA, Yu JJ.", "abstract": "The neurobiological mechanisms underpinning psychiatric disorders such as treatment-resistant major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders, remain unknown. Psychedelic compounds, such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine, have emerged as potential therapies for these disorders because of their hypothesized ability to induce neuroplastic effects and alter functional networks in the brain. Yet, the mechanisms underpinning the neurobiological treatment response remain obscure. Quantitative neuroimaging is uniquely positioned to provide insight into the neurobiological mechanisms of these emerging therapies and quantify the patient treatment response. This review aims to synthesize our current state-of-the-art understanding of the functional changes occurring in the brain following psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, or N,N-dimethyltryptamine administration in human participants with fMRI and PET. We further aim to disseminate our understanding of psychedelic compounds as they relate to neuroimaging with the goal of improved diagnostics and treatment of neuropsychiatric illness.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-02-14", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3174/ajnr.a8118", "pubmed_id": "38360790", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a8118", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38360790\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1225, "title": "Efficacy and acceptability of psilocybin for primary or secondary depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and acceptability of psilocybin for primary or secondary depression a systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled trials", "authors": "Fang S, Yang X, Zhang W.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin is a classic psychedelics, which has been shown to have antidepressant effects by many studies in recent years. In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of psilocybin in the treatment of primary (major depressive disorder) or secondary (experiencing distress related to life-threatening diagnoses and terminal illness) depression.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov for clinical trials of psilocybin for depression (updated to 4 October, 2023). Effect size Hedges' g was used as an indicator of efficacy, and other outcomes included response rate, drop-out rate, and adverse events.ResultsA total of 10 studies were finally included in systematic review. 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving a total of 524 adult patients, and produced a large effect size in favor of psilocybin (Hedge's g =-0.89, 95% CI -1.25~-0.53, I² = 70.19%, P", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-02-14", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1359088", "pubmed_id": "38426002", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1359088", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38426002\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1205, "title": "New evidence for flexible psilocybin dosing in patients with treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "new evidence for flexible psilocybin dosing in patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Scott T. Aaronson, Zofia Kozak", "abstract": "", "journal": "Med", "publication_date": "2024-02-13", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.014", "pubmed_id": "38359837", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.014", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Dosing, Treatment-resistant depression, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Major depressive disorder, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391810224\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391810224\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2132268984\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387866078\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389397550\",\"https://openalex.org/W4389477450\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"https://openalex.org/W6853747331\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042699520\",\"display_name\":\"Zofia Kozak\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210167770\",\"source_display_name\":\"Med\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.014\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391810224" }, { "id": 1204, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression: A randomized clinical trial evaluating repeated doses of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression a randomized clinical trial evaluating repeated doses of psilocybin", "authors": "Joshua D. Rosenblat, Shakila Meshkat, Zoe Doyle, Erica Kaczmarek, Ryan M. Brudner, Kevin Kratiuk, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Christian Schulz, Rickinder Sethi, Amanda Abate, Shaun Ali, Jordan Bawks, Marc G. Blainey, Elisa Brietzke, Victoria Cronin, Jessica Danilewitz, Shalini Dhawan, Anthony Di Fonzo, M. Di Fonzo, Pawel Drzadzewski, William Dunlop, Hajnalka Fiszter, Fabiano A. Gomes, Smrita Grewal, Marisa Leon-Carlyle, Marilyn McCallum, Niki Mofidi, Hilary Offman, Jeremy Riva-Cambrin, Joel E. Schmidt, Mark E. Smolkin, Joan M. Quinn, Andrea Zumrova, Michelle Marlborough, Roger S. McIntyre", "abstract": "", "journal": "Med", "publication_date": "2024-02-13", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.005", "pubmed_id": "38359838", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.005", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychotherapist, Randomized controlled trial, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Major depressive disorder, Internal medicine, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391810199\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":95,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1877754883\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026321692\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043857109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082494913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137296158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794171612\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3144768859\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378782231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386765496\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387019277\",\"https://openalex.org/W4387521434\",\"https://openalex.org/W6639377320\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037985605\",\"display_name\":\"Shakila Meshkat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-1785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048402159\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe Doyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-8994\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104243612\",\"display_name\":\"Erica Kaczmarek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927192\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan M. Brudner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8381-7434\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034353079\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin Kratiuk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6204-2148\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032613018\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo B. Mansur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101948096\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Schulz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5615-2113\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077689458\",\"display_name\":\"Rickinder Sethi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-5859\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Amanda Abate\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089847178\",\"display_name\":\"Shaun Ali\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072595092\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Bawks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089394793\",\"display_name\":\"Marc G. Blainey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076331964\",\"display_name\":\"Elisa Brietzke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2697-1342\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075743331\",\"display_name\":\"Victoria Cronin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927189\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica Danilewitz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102617241\",\"display_name\":\"Shalini Dhawan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063141360\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony Di Fonzo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039899710\",\"display_name\":\"M. Di Fonzo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093223167\",\"display_name\":\"Pawel Drzadzewski\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102823967\",\"display_name\":\"William Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7956-6532\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927190\",\"display_name\":\"Hajnalka Fiszter\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000765029\",\"display_name\":\"Fabiano A. Gomes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7690-1580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080184186\",\"display_name\":\"Smrita Grewal\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069595295\",\"display_name\":\"Marisa Leon-Carlyle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5515-3109\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075938948\",\"display_name\":\"Marilyn McCallum\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113118934\",\"display_name\":\"Niki Mofidi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029059594\",\"display_name\":\"Hilary Offman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6781-2420\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093927191\",\"display_name\":\"Jeremy Riva-Cambrin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018333095\",\"display_name\":\"Joel E. Schmidt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-2863\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112208114\",\"display_name\":\"Mark E. Smolkin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2120-8930\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050813527\",\"display_name\":\"Joan M. Quinn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064896108\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Zumrova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051077389\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Marlborough\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068850044\",\"display_name\":\"Roger S. McIntyre\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-2523\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210167770\",\"source_display_name\":\"Med\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2024.01.005\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391810199" }, { "id": 1235, "title": "Patient perspectives and experiences with psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression: a qualitative study", "normalized_title": "patient perspectives and experiences with psilocybin treatment for treatment resistant depression a qualitative study", "authors": "Joost J. Breeksema, Alistair Niemeijer, Erwin Krediet, T.L. Karsten, Jeanine Kamphuis, Eric Vermetten, Wim van den Brink, Robert A. Schoevers", "abstract": "Psilocybin is the most researched classic psychedelic for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD). While optimizing set and setting are considered essential for efficacy and safety, patient perspectives on these aspects have rarely been investigated. To address this knowledge gap, the current paper explored the experiences of 11 TRD patients (8 women, 3 men) participating in a double-blind randomized clinical trial with a single session of oral (1, 10 or 25 mg) psilocybin treatment. After qualitative analysis, three major themes were identified: (1) challenges with trust-building and expectation management; (2) navigating the experience; and (3) the need for a more comprehensive treatment. Subthemes of the first theme include a general distrust in mental healthcare, trust in study therapists, limited time for preparation, and managing expectations. The second theme included the following subthemes: trusting to surrender, profound and overwhelming experiences, and music as a guide. The third theme addressed a desire for multiple psilocybin sessions, and challenges with sensemaking. Patients' perspectives provided important insights into potential optimization of psilocybin treatment of TRD, including individualized preparation, investment in trust-building, offering additional psilocybin sessions, providing access to sustained (psycho)therapy with trusted therapists, and personalizing treatment approaches, which may also enhance real-world adaption of these treatments.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2024-02-04", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-53188-9", "pubmed_id": "38316896", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53188-9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Distrust, Psychotherapist, Qualitative research, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Sociology, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391540455\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":49,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1784519638\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003976001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029087690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044661514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106030064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116639785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138664283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171340584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2331393505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2502147470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2520334349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623228771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788181968\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789340345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793096639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954134279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990036135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2997219409\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3052679762\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082721315\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095953401\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3148252514\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154641856\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200016418\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205765055\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206130674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214898817\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281703399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283719838\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4303509980\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307426414\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310044456\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318393298\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361248485\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090242296\",\"display_name\":\"Joost J. Breeksema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084276313\",\"display_name\":\"Alistair Niemeijer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4893-7930\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083050291\",\"display_name\":\"Erwin Krediet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035856925\",\"display_name\":\"T.L. Karsten\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016694325\",\"display_name\":\"Jeanine Kamphuis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040746759\",\"display_name\":\"Eric Vermetten\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0579-4404\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071695786\",\"display_name\":\"Wim van den Brink\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-0121\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53188-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391540455" }, { "id": 4680, "title": "Psilocybin gegen Depressionen", "normalized_title": "psilocybin gegen depressionen", "authors": "Thomas Müller", "abstract": "", "journal": "CME", "publication_date": "2024-01-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1007/s11298-023-3754-y", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11298-023-3754-y", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Geology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:35", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392731896\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392731896\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092951446\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Müller\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210168954\",\"source_display_name\":\"CME\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11298-023-3754-y\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392731896" }, { "id": 1247, "title": "The development of psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression: an update.", "normalized_title": "the development of psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression an update", "authors": "Borissova A, Rucker JJ.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic drug that has attracted increasing research interest over the past 10 years as a possible treatment for mood, anxiety and related conditions. Initial phase 2 clinical trials of psilocybin given alongside psychological support for major depression and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) demonstrated encouraging signs of basic safety, further confirmed by a large study in groups of healthy volunteers. The first international multi-centre randomised controlled trial was published in 2022, with signs of efficacy for the 25 mg dose condition in people with TRD when compared with an active placebo. Phase 3 trials in TRD are scheduled to start in 2023. Early evidence suggests that single doses of psilocybin given with psychological support induce rapid improvement in depressive symptoms that endure for some weeks. We therefore provide a timely update to psychiatrists on what psilocybin therapy is, what it is not, and the current state of the evidence-base.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1192/bjb.2023.25", "pubmed_id": "37357767", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2023.25", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37357767\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1154, "title": "Serotonergic Psychedelics: A Comparative Review of Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Binding Profile.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic psychedelics a comparative review of efficacy safety pharmacokinetics and binding profile", "authors": "Holze F, Singh N, Liechti ME, D'Souza DC.", "abstract": "Psychedelic compounds, including psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), DMT (N,N -dimethyltryptamine), and 5-MeO-DMT (5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), all of which are serotonin 2A receptor agonists, are being investigated as potential treatments. This review aims to summarize the current clinical research on these 4 compounds and mescaline to guide future research. Their mechanism(s) of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety were reviewed. While evidence for therapeutic indications, with the exception of psilocybin for depression, is still relatively scarce, we noted no differences in psychedelic effects beyond effect duration. Therefore, it remains unclear whether different receptor profiles contribute to the therapeutic potential of these compounds. More research is needed to differentiate these compounds in order to inform which compounds might be best for different therapeutic uses.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-31", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.01.007", "pubmed_id": "38301886", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.01.007", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38301886\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3492, "title": "The Effects of Psilocybin on Self-Focus and Self-Related Processing in Treatment Resistant MDD", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on self focus and self related processing in treatment resistant mdd", "authors": "Massachusetts General Hospital", "abstract": "This open-label fMRI study will assess the effects of a single dose of psilocybin on rumination and the neural correlates of rumination in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2024-01-23", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05381974", "keywords": "Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05381974\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1122, "title": "Assessing expectancy and suggestibility in a trial of escitalopram v. psilocybin for depression", "normalized_title": "assessing expectancy and suggestibility in a trial of escitalopram v psilocybin for depression", "authors": "Balázs Szigeti, Brandon Weiss, Fernando E. Rosas, David Erritzøe, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: To investigate the association between pre-trial expectancy, suggestibility, and response to treatment in a trial of escitalopram and investigational drug, COMP360, psilocybin, in the treatment of major depressive disorder (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03429075). METHODS: = 55) from our recent double-blind, parallel-group, randomized head-to-head comparison trial of escitalopram and investigational drug, COMP360, psilocybin. Mixed linear models were used to investigate the association between pre-treatment efficacy-related expectations, as well as baseline trait suggestibility and absorption, and therapeutic response to both escitalopram and COMP360 psilocybin. RESULTS: Patients had significantly higher expectancy for psilocybin relative to escitalopram; however, expectancy for escitalopram was associated with improved therapeutic outcomes to escitalopram, expectancy for psilocybin was not predictive of response to psilocybin. Separately, we found that pre-treatment trait suggestibility was associated with therapeutic response in the psilocybin arm, but not in the escitalopram arm. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results suggest that psychedelic therapy may be less vulnerable to expectancy biases than previously suspected. The relationship between baseline trait suggestibility and response to psilocybin therapy implies that highly suggestible individuals may be primed for response to this treatment.", "journal": "Psychological Medicine", "publication_date": "2024-01-21", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1017/s0033291723003653", "pubmed_id": "38247730", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723003653", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Expectancy theory, Psychology, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Randomized controlled trial, Quetiapine, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Internal medicine, Cognition, Anxiety, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Social psychology, Antidepressant, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391109410\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":73,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W635548142\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977733462\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981765460\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995423294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012310310\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063998636\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066323805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067495470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099805828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111663549\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165810797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2472898928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2480146247\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803536098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803692240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894886297\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107630502\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128149297\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154528253\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183658944\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207135103\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210887564\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215602110\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210511938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281253144\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311597067\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385271945\",\"https://openalex.org/W6720885068\",\"https://openalex.org/W6721845578\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085028754\",\"display_name\":\"Balázs Szigeti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3809-6442\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015600817\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020498855\",\"display_name\":\"Fernando E. Rosas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7790-6183\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S71144982\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychological Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723003653\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391109410" }, { "id": 1252, "title": "Trauma-Informed Care in Psychedelic Therapy Research: A Qualitative Literature Review of Evidence-Based Psychotherapy Interventions in PTSD and Psychedelic Therapy Across Conditions.", "normalized_title": "trauma informed care in psychedelic therapy research a qualitative literature review of evidence based psychotherapy interventions in ptsd and psychedelic therapy across conditions", "authors": "Modlin NL, Creed M, Sarang M, Maggio C, Rucker JJ, Williamson V.", "abstract": "IntroductionPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with significant patient burden. While pharmacotherapies and evidence-based psychotherapy interventions (EBPI) are effective, studies consistently highlight inadequate outcomes and high treatment dropout. Psychedelic therapy (PT) has shown preliminary promise across difficult-to-treat conditions, including MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD, however trials of classical psychedelics in PTSD are lacking. Understanding patients' experiences of EBPI could help promote safety in PT.AimTo systematically review qualitative research on patients' subjective experience of EBPI for PTSD, and of PT, and examine areas of overlap and divergence between them.MethodsSystematic literature searches for studies published between 2010 and 2023 were conducted on OVID, PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycInfo. Included were original studies in English that presented qualitative data of patient experiences of EBPI in PTSD, or PT for any indication. Extracted data from included studies were analysed using thematic synthesis. Syntheses were completed separately for EBPI and PT, before similarities and differences between the therapies were identified.Results40 research articles were included for review: 26 studies on EBPI for PTSD, and 14 studies on PT. EBPI studied were CBT, EMDR, CPT and PE. Psychedelic compounds studied were psilocybin, ibogaine, LSD, MDMA and ketamine, for treatment of substance use disorders, anxiety relating to physical illness, depression, and PTSD. Core themes from patient experiences of EBPI: 1) patient burden in PTSD treatment; 2) readiness; 3) key mechanisms of change; 4) psychological safety and trust. Themes identified in the review of PT: 1) indirect trauma processing; 2) reorganisation of self-narratives via processes of relatedness and identification; 3) key treatment characteristics.ConclusionThis study suggests overlap between patients' experience of EBPI and PT in terms of key mechanisms of change, the importance of psychological safety and readiness to engage in treatment. Trauma-informed care paradigms and practices may improve safety and acceptability of PT research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-19", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.2147/ndt.s432537", "pubmed_id": "38268571", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/ndt.s432537", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38268571\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1272, "title": "Older adults in psychedelic-assisted therapy trials: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "older adults in psychedelic assisted therapy trials a systematic review", "authors": "Bouchet L, Sager Z, Yrondi A, Nigam KB, Anderson BT, Ross S, Petridis PD, Beaussant Y.", "abstract": "BackgroundGrowing clinical interest in psychedelic-assisted therapies has led to a second wave of research involving psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and other substances. Data suggests that these compounds have the potential to treat mental health conditions that are especially prevalent in older adults such as depression, anxiety, existential distress, and posttraumatic stress disorder.AimsThe goal of this study was to quantify the prevalence of older adults enrolled in psychedelic clinical trials and explore safety data in this population.MethodsA systematic review was conducted following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Search criteria included all trials published in English using psychedelic substances to treat psychiatric conditions, including addiction as well as existential distress related to serious illness. Articles were identified from literature searches on PubMed, EBSCO, and EMBASE.Results4376 manuscripts were identified, of which 505 qualified for further review, with 36 eventually meeting eligibility criteria. Of the 1400 patients enrolled in the 36 studies, only 19 were identified as 65 or older, representing less than 1.4% of all trial participants. For 10 of these 19 older adults, detailed safety data was obtained. No serious adverse events (AEs) occurred in any older adults and only transient mild-to-moderate AEs related to anxiety, gastrointestinal upset, and hypertension were reported during the psychedelic dosing sessions.ConclusionsWhile existing data in older adults is limited, it suggests that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy can be safe and well tolerated in older adults. Therefore, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy should be more rigorously investigated for the treatment of psychiatric conditions in this population.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-18", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231215420", "pubmed_id": "38240068", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231215420", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Aged, Clinical Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38240068\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Older Adults,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1177, "title": "A comparison between psilocybin and esketamine in treatment-resistant depression using number needed to treat (NNT): A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "a comparison between psilocybin and esketamine in treatment resistant depression using number needed to treat nnt a systematic review", "authors": "Wong S, Kwan ATH, Teopiz KM, Le GH, Meshkat S, Ho R, d'Andrea G, Cao B, Di Vincenzo JD, Rosenblat JD, McIntyre RS.", "abstract": "BackgroundInadequate outcomes with monoamine-based treatments in depressive disorders are common and provide the impetus for mechanistically-novel treatments. Esketamine is a proven treatment recently approved for adults with Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) while psilocybin is an investigational treatment. Translation of the clinical meaningfulness for these foregoing agents in adults with TRD is required. Herein we evaluate the Number Needed to Treat (NNT) and Harm (NNH) of esketamine and psilocybin in adults with TRD.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials, comparing the clinical efficacy of oral psilocybin to the co-commencement of intranasal esketamine with an oral antidepressant in adults with TRD.Results25 mg psilocybin had a significant reduction in depressive symptoms at 21-days post-dose, the NNT was 5 [95 % CI = 3.1, 18.5]. Psilocybin-induced nausea had a significant NNH = 5. Fixed-dosed esketamine at 56 mg and 84 mg had a significant effect at 28-days post-dose, (NNT of 7 [95 % CI56mg = 3.5, 46.7], [95 % CI84mg = 3.6, 142.2]). Esketamine-induced headache, nausea, dizziness, and dissociation had NNHs", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-17", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.142", "pubmed_id": "38244804", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.142", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Administration, Intranasal, Adult, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38244804\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Headache / Migraine,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4687, "title": "Abstract C001: A pilot study of palliadelic treatment with psilocybin to reduce psychological distress and improve quality of life in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "normalized_title": "abstract c001 a pilot study of palliadelic treatment with psilocybin to reduce psychological distress and improve quality of life in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Kelsey Klute, Lou Lukas, Soonjo Hwang, Yeongjin Gwon, Mridula Krishnan, Jean L. Grem, Sunil R. Hingorani, Jody Koenig Kellas", "abstract": "Abstract Background: Psychological distress is a common reaction to a cancer diagnosis and its treatment. Distress impacts quality of life, adherence to treatment, decision making and survival. Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) experience exceptionally high rates of psychological distress, most commonly depression, anxiety and suicidality. Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic which is the active component in “magic mushrooms,” is a promising treatment for several mental health disorders. Prior studies in patients with cancer have combined a single dose of psilocybin with preparation and integration counseling and have shown significant, rapid and sustained improvement in depression, anxiety and quality of life. These studies have primarily been conducted in psychiatry or neuroscience clinics in heterogenous groups of patients, many of whom had completed cancer treatment. This study will evaluate the feasibility and safety of psilocybin-assisted therapy delivered in the outpatient palliative care clinic in patients with advanced PDAC who are receiving chemotherapy. Methods: This is a single center, open label pilot study of a psilocybin-assisted therapy integrated with palliative care in patients with advanced PDAC. The primary endpoints are the feasibility and safety of this strategy when integrated into routine palliative care. Secondary endpoints include short term changes in depression, anxiety and demoralization and changes in neuronal activity by functional MRI (fMRI). After 2-4 outpatient preparation sessions with a palliative medicine physician (PMP), the subject will take psilocybin (25mg capsule) at an individual session supported by a PMP and a trained mental health professional. Up to 3 integration sessions with a PMP will follow. Patient-reported measures of psychological distress and quality of life will be assessed at baseline, after the psilocybin dose and periodically during follow-up. Neuronal changes will be measured using fMRI before and after the psilocybin dose. Eligible patients are adults (ECOG0-3) with advanced PDAC with adequate organ function. Patients with psychiatric conditions which preclude safe cessation of psychotropic drugs or requires hospitalization, a personal or family history of schizophrenia, psychotic disorder or bipolar disorder, who have a high risk of suicide or have serious or uncontrolled hypertension or cardiovascular disease are ineligible. Given the exploratory nature of the study, a formal statistical assessment of the sample size was not conducted. Twelve evaluable subjects will provide sufficient power to detect large effect sizes (Cohen’s d1.0) in the secondary endpoints. Wilcoxon signed rank test will determine the reduction in distress scores before and after the psilocybin session. Enrollment began in June 2023; two subjects have enrolled. The study is funded by the Jim Young Pancreatic Cancer Research Memorial Fund. Psilocybin is provided by Usona. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05220046 Citation Format: Kelsey A. Klute, Lou Lukas, Soonjo Hwang, Yeongjin Gwon, Mridula Krishnan, Jean Grem, Sunil Hingorani, Jody Koenig Kellas. A pilot study of palliadelic treatment with psilocybin to reduce psychological distress and improve quality of life in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Pancreatic Cancer; 2023 Sep 27-30; Boston, Massachusetts. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C001.", "journal": "Cancer Research", "publication_date": "2024-01-15", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1158/1538-7445.panca2023-c001", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.panca2023-c001", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Anxiety, Quetiapine, Quality of life (healthcare), Palliative care, Distress, Mental health, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Cancer, Oncology, Internal medicine, Clinical psychology, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Nursing, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390915346\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390915346\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008464992\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey Klute\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-8520\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082676852\",\"display_name\":\"Lou Lukas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000189944\",\"display_name\":\"Soonjo Hwang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5117-2468\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068510005\",\"display_name\":\"Yeongjin Gwon\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6974-337X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041873250\",\"display_name\":\"Mridula Krishnan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6388-5219\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045440420\",\"display_name\":\"Jean L. Grem\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-9416\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013925502\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil R. Hingorani\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3869-8729\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073702990\",\"display_name\":\"Jody Koenig Kellas\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168522863\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cancer Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.panca2023-c001\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Brain Imaging,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390915346" }, { "id": 3145, "title": "MicroRNAs underlying the antidepressant effect of psilocybin - Establishing an nCounter pipeline for microRNA-quantification in the pig brain", "normalized_title": "micrornas underlying the antidepressant effect of psilocybin establishing an ncounter pipeline for microrna quantification in the pig brain", "authors": "Kaadt E, Søkilde R, Hansen H, Raval N, Lundgaard L, Just J, Knudsen G, Elfving B.", "abstract": "Abstract Novel treatment strategies are needed to overcome some of the current challenges related to treatment resistance and treatment latency within the psychiatric field. Recently, psilocybin has shown promise as a novel treatment of major depressive disorder. A single dose of psilocybin is associated with lasting changes in personality and mood. In parallel, various studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are regulated after antidepressive interventions. Here, pigs were used to study the transcriptional profiles of miRNAs in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP), 1 day and 1 week after a single dose of psilocybin. A streamlined process was developed to adapt the Nanostring nCounter technology, specifically the Human v3b miRNA Assay panel, for compatibility with pig tissue samples. The mirmachine tool was used to select miRNAs with complete human-pig sequence conservation to make a conservative reannotation of pig microRNAs. Furthermore, different normalization strategies were employed. Utilizing this pipeline, dysregulation of 12 miRNAs in the PFC and 2 miRNAs in the HIP was ∂identified 1 day after psilocybin administration. Seven days after psilocybin administration, only 4 dysregulated miRNAs were observed in the HIP. Among the 18 identified miRNAs, 9 have previously been linked to depression. Notably, miR-212-3p and miR-107 displayed robust acute regulation across all four normalization strategies in the PFC. The two miRNAs are known to exert anti-inflammatory effects, mirroring previously reported effects of psilocybin. These results suggest that psilocybin may exert its acute and sustained molecular effects through the regulation of specific miRNAs in core brain areas of depression.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2024-01-11", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3787179/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3787179/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR786762\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Personality Change,Inflammation", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3752, "title": "Enhanced visual contrast suppression during peak psilocybin effects: A psychophysical study", "normalized_title": "enhanced visual contrast suppression during peak psilocybin effects a psychophysical study", "authors": "Swanson L, Jungers S, Varghese R, Cullen KR, Evans MD, Nielson J, Schallmo M.", "abstract": "In visual perception, an effect known as surround suppression occurs wherein the apparent contrast of a center stimulus is reduced when it is presented within a higher-contrast surrounding stimulus. Many key aspects of visual perception involve surround suppression, yet the neuromodulatory processes involved remain unclear. Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic compound known for its robust effects on visual perception, particularly texture, color, object, and motion perception. We asked whether surround suppression is altered under peak effects of psilocybin. Using a contrast-matching task with different center-surround stimulus configurations, we measured surround suppression after 25 mg of psilocybin compared with placebo (100 mg niacin). After taking psilocybin, participants (n = 6) reported stronger surround suppression of perceived contrast compared to placebo. Furthermore, we found that the intensity of subjective ‘psychedelic visuals’ induced by psilocybin correlated positively with the magnitude of surround suppression. We note the potential impact of our findings for the field of psychiatry, given that recent studies have demonstrated weakened visual surround suppression in patients with major depressive disorder, for which psilocybin has recently been identified as a breakthrough therapy. Our finding is thus relevant to understanding the visual effects of psilocybin, and the potential mechanisms of psychedelic therapies for mental health disorders.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-01-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/5rm62", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5rm62", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:19", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR786871\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3139, "title": "Enhanced visual contrast suppression during peak psilocybin effects: A psychophysical study", "normalized_title": "enhanced visual contrast suppression during peak psilocybin effects a psychophysical study", "authors": "", "abstract": "In visual perception, an effect known as surround suppression occurs wherein the apparent contrast of a center stimulus is reduced when it is presented within a higher-contrast surrounding stimulus. Many key aspects of visual perception involve surround suppression, yet the neuromodulatory processes involved remain unclear. Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic compound known for its robust effects on visual perception, particularly texture, color, object, and motion perception. We asked whether surround suppression is altered under peak effects of psilocybin. Using a contrast-matching task with different center-surround stimulus configurations, we measured surround suppression after 25 mg of psilocybin compared with placebo (100 mg niacin). After taking psilocybin, participants (n = 6) reported stronger surround suppression of perceived contrast compared to placebo. Furthermore, we found that the intensity of subjective ‘psychedelic visuals’ induced by psilocybin correlated positively with the magnitude of surround suppression. We note the potential impact of our findings for the field of psychiatry, given that recent studies have demonstrated weakened visual surround suppression in patients with major depressive disorder, for which psilocybin has recently been identified as a breakthrough therapy. Our finding is thus relevant to understanding the visual effects of psilocybin, and the potential mechanisms of psychedelic therapies for mental health disorders.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2024-01-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/5rm62_v1", "keywords": "context effects, hallucinogenic, illusion, perception, psilocybin, psychedelic, surround suppression, visual, Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"5rm62_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1257, "title": "Knowledge gaps in psychedelic medicalisation: Clinical studies and regulatory aspects.", "normalized_title": "knowledge gaps in psychedelic medicalisation clinical studies and regulatory aspects", "authors": "E-Wen McCulloch D, Liechti ME, Kuypers KP, Nutt D, Lundberg J, Stenbæk DS, Goodwin GM, Gründer G, Butlen-Ducuing F, Haberkamp M, Thirstrup S, Knudsen GM.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs including psilocybin and LSD are undergoing clinical trials for a range of psychiatric and neurological conditions, and have particularly shown substantial promise in phase 2 studies of depression. In this article we outline key knowledge gaps that may be imperative for a successful implementation of psychedelic drugs as medicines as identified by members of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology at the New Frontiers Meeting in Nice (2023). Key themes include pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterisation, comparisons between psychedelics, the relation between the duration of subjective effects and therapeutic outcomes, polypharmacology, and the impact of psychological support. We conclude with a perspective from the European Medicines Agency and Heath Technology Assessors on the most pressing requirements for medical implementation in Europe.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2024-01-10", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2024.103938", "pubmed_id": "40656112", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.103938", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40656112\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3076, "title": "Psilocybin Promotes Cell-Type-Specific Changes in the Orbitofrontal Cortex Revealed by Single-Nucleus RNA-seq", "normalized_title": "psilocybin promotes cell type specific changes in the orbitofrontal cortex revealed by single nucleus rna seq", "authors": "Huang Z, Wei X, Wang Y, Tian J, Dong J, Liang B, Lu L, Zhang W.", "abstract": "Recent clinical breakthroughs hold great promise for the application of psilocybin in the treatments of psychological disorders, such as depression, addiction, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psilocybin is a psychedelic whose metabolite, psilocin, is a 5-HT2A receptor agonist. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms for the effects of psilocybin on the brain are not fully illustrated, and cell type-specific and circuit effects of psilocybin are not fully understood. Here, we combined single-nucleus RNA-seq with functional assays to study the long-term effects of psilocybin on the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a brain region vulnerable to psychological disorders such as depression. We showed that a single dose of psilocybin induced long-term genetic and functional changes in neurons of the OFC, and excitatory and inhibitory neurons collectively reduced circuit activity of the brain region. Knockdown of 5-HT2A receptor in deep layer excitatory neurons abated psilocybin-induced functional changes and the anti-depressant effect. Together, these results showed the cell type-specific mechanisms of psilocybin and shed light on the brain region difference in the effect of psychedelics.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2024-01-06", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.1101/2024.01.07.573163", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.07.573163", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR783465\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3174, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, 7-month Parallel-Group Phase II Superiority Trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder protocol for a double blind randomized placebo controlled 7 month parallel group phase ii superiority trial", "authors": "Vanderijst L, Hever F, Buot A, Dauré C, Benoit J, Hanak C, Veeser J, Morgiève M, Campanella S, Kornreich C, Mallet L, Leys C, Noël X.", "abstract": "Background: A significant number of individuals with alcohol use disorder remain unresponsive to currently available treatments, which calls for the development of new alternatives. In parallel, psilocybin-assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder has recently yielded promising preliminary results. Building on extant findings, the proposed study is set to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary clinical efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy when incorporated as an auxiliary intervention during inpatient rehabilitation for severe alcohol use disorder. Moreover, it intends to pinpoint the modifications in the two core neurocognitive systems underscored by dual-process models of addiction. Methods:: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-month parallel-group phase II superiority trial, 62 participants aged 21-64 years will be enrolled to undergo psilocybin-assisted therapy as part of a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation for severe alcohol use disorder. The experimental group will receive a high dose of psilocybin (30 mg), whereas the control group will receive an active placebo dose of psilocybin (5 mg), both within the context of a brief standardized psychotherapeutic intervention drawing from key elements of acceptance and commitment therapy. The primary clinical outcome is the between-group difference regarding the change in percentage of heavy drinking days from baseline to four weeks posthospital discharge, while safety and feasibility metrics will also be reported as primary outcomes. Key secondary assessments include between-group differences in terms of changes in 1) drinking behavior parameters up to six months posthospital discharge, 2) symptoms of depression, anxiety, trauma, and global functioning, 3) neuroplasticity and key neurocognitive mechanisms associated with addiction, and 4) psychological processes and alcohol-related parameters. Discussion: The discussion outlines issues that might arise from our design. Trial registration: EudraCT 2022-002369-14 and NCT06160232", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2024-01-03", "publication_year": 2024, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3829237/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3829237/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR782504\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4722, "title": "Psilocybin’s Role in Major Depressive Disorder: A Scoping Review", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s role in major depressive disorder a scoping review", "authors": "Barajas, Carlos", "abstract": "Psilocybe cubensis are a group of mushrooms containing psilocybin with a history of consumption dating back to ancient civilization. Researchers believe the ritual use of psilocybin dates back 3,000 years amongst the indigenous people of Mexico and Central America.1 Psilocybin is responsible for the effects associated with the consumption of “Magic Mushrooms”. These effects include hallucinations, delusions, and feelings of derealization. 2 In 1973, the United States federal government classified psilocybin as a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substance Act, and today the DEA continues to identify the chemical as “high potential for abuse” with “no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States”. 3,4 Current legislation, along with a perceived stigma surrounding psilocybin, has restricted researchers’ ability to investigate the therapeutic potential of this compound. However, in recent years there has been increased funding and research related to the therapeutic potential of psilocybin and other psychedelics, highlighted by the creation of the Center for Psychedelic Consciousness Research at John Hopkins in 2019.5 Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of depression has risen by 25% globally, affecting approximately 175 million individuals, the majority dealing with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).6 The first-line therapy for patients with MDD include the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) escitalopram and sertraline. In the event a patient fails treatment through two pharmacological interventions, their depression disorder is considered Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD).6 Although difficult to know the true number of individuals with TRD, it is estimated that about 30% of the population with MDD fit the description of TRD.7 Current approved treatment for TRD include intranasal esketamine (Spravato), second generation antipsychotics, and olanzapine-fluoxetine. 7 Alternative therapeutic interventions are necessary for the treatment of patients with TRD. Psilocybin may provide potential therapeutic benefits for MDD/TRD. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine the therapeutic benefits, safety, and mechanism of psilocybin in MDD/TRD.", "journal": "Digital Commons - George Fox University (George Fox University)", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/dmsc/31", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Population, Psychology, Depression (economics), Feeling, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Government (linguistics), Substance use, Public health, Mental health, Consumption (sociology), Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Escitalopram, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110533292\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110533292\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Barajas, Carlos\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196430\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Commons - George Fox University (George Fox University)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/dmsc/31\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7110533292" }, { "id": 4721, "title": "RAPIDLY TRADING DOWN DEPRESSION'S3 PILLARS TO 5HT3-RECEPTORS THROUGH ECT OR PSILOCYBIN?", "normalized_title": "rapidly trading down depression s3 pillars to 5ht3 receptors through ect or psilocybin", "authors": "R.S. Treviranus, Gottfried", "abstract": "", "journal": "University of Zagreb University Computing Centre (SRCE)", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.24869/psyd.2024.134", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://hrcak.srce.hr/327222", "keywords": "Business, Economics, Finance, Actuarial science, Government (linguistics), High-frequency trading, Work (physics), Payment, Order (exchange), Investment (military), Gambling Behavior and Treatments, Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies, Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110263788\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7110263788\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"R.S. Treviranus, Gottfried\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400071\",\"source_display_name\":\"University of Zagreb University Computing Centre (SRCE)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://hrcak.srce.hr/327222\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7110263788" }, { "id": 4714, "title": "Panini and Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "panini and psilocybin", "authors": "Bridget Verhaaren", "abstract": "“Pretty girls don't buy cocaine,” Greta1 says and laughs as she walks out the front door.My hands and face sting as I stand frozen in the entryway and hear her start the car. I'd asked my twenty-two-year-old daughter where she got the money to feed the addictions she was battling.Over the past three years, she'd chosen a few subpar boyfriends who introduced her to substances, which helped set her on a devastating trajectory. One I'd never suspected.As a young mother, I worked hard to protect her from the dragons who dared approach.As a middle-aged mother, I lay awake in bed, tormented by the realization that she'd lowered the drawbridge and invited them into the castle.I lie on the family room floor, chest constricting.How are we here?In the last year... I ruptured my plantar fascia and wore a walking boot for four months. Our nephew committed suicide. My husband, Gary, and I coordinated the aftermath; the funeral and then the sorting, donating, cleaning, and selling of the house-that no one, but us, would reenter. Greta checked herself into rehab after receiving a Christmas Day DUI. Karl, our youngest in his senior year of high school, a favored national ski team athlete, suffered an early season-ending concussion. Our mother was diagnosed with lung cancer. Before my plantar fascia ligament healed completely, I broke the same foot and wore a boot cast for another two months. A property flooded three separate times, necessitating three separate repairs and remodels. Greta tore both ACLs and tendons in her ankle as well as had a tibial plateau fracture-all at the same time. The orthopedist, Dr. Eric Heiden, of speed-skating fame, had never seen this in his career. Our other mother had a shoulder replacement. We committed to visit her twice a day at the rehab facility for the duration, which was seven weeks long. Another child's five-year relationship ended, and the battle to kick a decade-long struggle with alcohol ensued. My foot still didn't heal. Our mother, who had the shoulder replacement, fell and broke her hand, femur, and hip. More surgeries, and she was in a rehab facility again. This time for fourteen weeks. Her hand had to be rebroken and cast because it wasn't healing right. Greta, who was already going to physical therapy for her ACL replacements, was a passenger in her friend's SUV when they were rear-ended at a stoplight by a tow truck going 50 miles per hour. Her head shattered the windshield before the seatbelt caught her or the airbag deployed. More therapy. Physical therapy. Concussion therapy. Neuro-ophthalmologist therapy. The dissolution of my parents' 55-year marriage. And after six months of a broken foot and a year of intermittent walking boot casts, I finally had surgery on my injured foot.This is not my favorite year.Gary and I have five aging parents, eight children between the ages of eighteen and thirty, three daughters-in-law, and four grandchildren.We are facing caring for aging parents while raising children in a day of “extended childhood.”This year has been a period of increased pressure on our “sandwich” season of life, and we're getting “panini'd.” According to one report, “62% of panini generation caregivers feel they have to choose between being a good parent or being a good daughter or son.... And the majority (59%) don't know where to turn for support.”2It feels like we are failing on all fronts.We are each well acquainted with grief.Gary is a palliative care physician who walks his patients to the end of their lives. He deals with death and dying daily. He knows loss. He knows grief. He knows hard.I've experienced grief after the stillbirth of my daughter, Ava, and after the sudden, unexpected death of my first husband, Rob. My griefs were community griefs. This type of grief is awful and beautiful all at once. Everyone knows of your loss. They are watching you, praying for you, and mourning with you. And I got to see people's most beautiful sides that I didn't know existed.Silent grief is different than community grief. One is all alone.After Greta disclosed her sexual assaults to us, both Gary and I were catapulted to a place void of light. We circled each other morning and night for months, alternating roles of rage and anguish.I thought I knew deep sorrow and grief.I did.I do.And now, I know silent grief. And it is shattering.Throughout my life, I've mitigated seasons of darkness with adrenaline, a byproduct of running, cycling, or other physical outdoor activities that I love. For an entire year, I've been limited by pain and patience to let my foot heal. I could not get the adrenaline needed to ward off the enveloping murkiness.Gary and I were both in survival mode, retracting. We resisted spending time with extended family and friends. Our emotions were too close to the surface.At my annual gynecologist well-woman visit, I filled out a mental health survey, a reckoning of sorts, and realized I'd been in this inky pit for more than six months, and I was no closer to climbing out. I sat on the exam table, unable to stop crying. I needed help. My physician prescribed the antidepressant Wellbutrin, which worked well, but what was the endpoint? How long do I use the crutch?Long term, I needed a perspective change, not an antidepressant. And my environment didn't look like it would change anytime soon.I researched ketamine clinics, which possess excellent qualities for treating PTSD and depression, but this did not feel right for me.I knew my husband had recommended psilocybin treatments for some of his terminal cancer patients dealing with existential grief. I wanted to know more. I wanted to know if psilocybin “magic mushrooms” could help me.A search on clinicaltrials.gov revealed 189 trials using psilocybin. I discovered that multiple universities were conducting psilocybin studies, including the University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute, which was conducting a study of psilocybin in patients with cancer, and John Hopkins University, which was conducting a study of psilocybin treatment for major depression. Legal in Oregon, Colorado, parts of California, Massachusetts, Michigan, Washington State, and Washington, DC, and now approved in Utah for “doctors at Utah's two biggest health care systems,” psilocybin is an option to treat patients.3I'm active in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.The Word of Wisdom is just that-wise words to live healthier spiritually and physically.I don't drink coffee, tea, or alcohol. However, I've been inadvertently subjected to alcohol twice in my life. Once through an uncooked pasta sauce and a second time during a six-month culinary program while tasting a poached pear. I didn't realize it was poached in Grand Marnier.I avoid using anything that can be addictive.I read. I studied. And I prayed to know if psilocybin therapy was right for me.I read in Doctrine and Covenants 89:10-11: “And again, verily I say unto you, all wholesome herbs God hath ordained for the constitution, nature, and use of man-Every herb in the season thereof; and every fruit in the season thereof; all these to be used with prudence and thanksgiving.”I wondered, are mushrooms herbs?According to research in the journal Molecules, mushrooms are considered herbs.4In Alma 46:40-41, I read: “And there were some who died with fevers, which at some seasons of the year were very frequent in the land-but not so much so with fevers, because of the excellent qualities of the many plants and roots which God had prepared to remove the cause of diseases to which men were subject by the nature of the climate-But there were many who died with old age; and those who died in the faith of Christ are happy in him, as we must needs suppose” (emphasis added).It seemed to me that herbs, plants, and roots, under the correct circumstances, could be helpful.Fiona Givens said, “Woundedness is the universal human condition.”5I prayed to know if psilocybin treatment was right for me to help heal my woundedness. I want to live a healthier life, dying in old age, dying in the faith of Christ. In Moroni 10:5, we're taught, “By the power of the Holy Ghost, ye may know the truth of all things.” After I put forth the effort, I received the personal revelation I sought to know-how to best heal during my mortal journey.•In August 2023, Gary drove me to meet with my guide, Bertie.6 I'd met with her a few times while building our relationship of trust. I'd read that the “set and setting” were imperative to a positive experience.“You're giddy,” Gary said as we approached her door. He was right. I was looking forward to what I envisioned would be a meditative experience. I'd set an intention of wanting to embrace an abundance mentality. I was weary of my scarcity default. I was impulsive, too much reacting to reactivity.Gary kissed me goodbye as Bertie invited me inside. She asked if I wanted to begin outside or inside. Bertie had created a hygge space (Danish cozy), and I thought it would be the perfect place to begin.I sat down on the rug and leaned against the turquoise-colored couch. Dried mushrooms sat in ziplock bags on the coffee table. I poked the mushroom through the plastic, and it felt like an ordinary shriveled-up mushroom-not a mind-altering mushroom.Bertie used a moderate dose of two grams. She asked if we could begin with a prayer. I listened as she asked God to help me work through the things I needed to in my brain.Bertie worked the mortar and pestle to grind the gumby-like dried mushrooms that resisted being ground down to a fine powder. I watched as she put the pieces into a cup and added water and a fruit flavor to mix the unmixable. She handed the glass to me. I choked down the muddy drink with tones of citrus.I asked how long it would be until I began to feel the effects. “Twenty minutes,” she said.I reclined on the floor next to the coffee table. Bertie dimmed the lights and played some instrumental music on her phone. At first, I embraced my body relaxing. I began to feel too relaxed. I couldn't feel myself breathing. I focused on my breath and thought if I stopped paying attention, my breath would leave me. Fear consumed me as my fingers, toes, and face tingled.Bertie dialed Gary and said, “We need you now.”I hunched forward on the couch, saying, “Please, please, Gary, don't be late. Please hurry.” My lips felt numb.Bertie called Gary again and asked where he was. I could tell she was stressed because her voice was monotone. There was an albuterol inhaler on the table in front of me. Could it save me? Then she told him she had an EpiPen, and I thought-“this is it.”I finally heard the door open. Gary! He used his calm doctor voice to distract me as he checked my pulse. He reassured me my breathing was normal and asked if I wanted to lie on his lap. I clung to him, wrapping my arms around his thigh. Classic panic attack.He draped his arm around me, and I loosened my grip. I trusted Bertie. And I needed Gary, too.I closed my eyes and saw a purple balloon that had lost most of its air.I began to cry. I didn't want to, and I didn't know why I was crying. No. No. No. This was ruining everything. I'd come for an abundance mentality. I was tired of too many tears. They wouldn't stop. They kept coming. I sat up, hoping to quell their flow. No go-more tears followed by copious amounts of snot. Now, I really couldn't breathe. I sat up to blow my nose. Embarrassed, I rested my head on Gary's lap again and closed my eyes. I saw the purplish balloon still floating above me.Then, I saw a faint white hue before me, like a dissipating mist. As I continued to cry, dark blue-black shapes emerged at the bottom and became like oil in water, floating higher and higher, becoming lighter in color as they rose. Black turned to navy, then to cobalt, and finally purple.I realized I was underwater.It occurred to me that I could describe what I was seeing aloud to Bertie and Gary.The tears became sobs, and I had to sit up many times to blow my nose to breathe. Each time I lay back down, more layers of dark blue shapes emerged from a deep, bubbling spring.I didn't know how much sadness was inside of me.For the most part, the sorrow wasn't correlated to specific events; it was a purging of sheer emotion until I finally wept that I wasn't fully present at my children's births. I'd missed out on the most beautiful experience with each of them, welcoming them to the world. I'd been less excited about their arrival and more relieved to end my intense illness-hyperemesis gravidarum, which is the fancy way of saying I vomited all day, every day during every pregnancy.I closed my eyes again, and deeper layers of blue bubbled to the surface. I cried until there were no more tears. Releasing sorrow was exhausting. Ironically, I had to get closer to sadness to let it go.Finally, I felt a deep sigh within my body. I lay on the couch, wholly relaxed. Then, my body began to tingle, including my nethers. But not in a sexual way. I opened my eyes and erupted with a laughter I had not known in years.The colors of everything surrounding me were vibrant. The inanimate blue coffee table was dynamic, alive with color. The hummingbirds drinking sugar water from the feeder flapped their wings in slow motion. I could see and hear their flutters.If I closed my eyes, I was in one world. When I opened them, I was in another, and neither was my world. The edges of my vision were fuzzy, like developing film.More laughter. When I closed my eyes this time, the right side of my vision was brilliant red with fuchsia polka dots. I told Gary and Bertie I don't usually like that color combination, but it was so beautiful! The left side was an intense kelly green, also with fuchsia polka dots, and in the center, they merged into a giant constant firework of bright light.“They're talking to each other! Your right and left brain are communicating,” Bertie said.The corpus callosum of our brain is a wall separating the right and left brain that prevents accessible communication between the two sides.Functional MRI studies show that on psilocybin, the left and right brain communicate freely. “A brain region called the claustrum may be at the center of all of this,” Fred Barrett, a neuroscientist at Johns Hopkins University, said. The claustrum is a set of two slight strips of gray matter-one tucked deep inside each brain hemisphere-that are connected to almost every other region of the brain. Francis Crick (of DNA fame) and neuroscientist Christof Koch suggested in 2005 that the claustrum's position and connectedness made it a likely “conductor of consciousness.” Barrett compared it to a switchboard that tells other brain regions to turn on and off in response to changing stimuli. He said, “Different regions of the brain can interact in radically different ways. Networks that normally don't turn on at the same time may turn on and stay on, and they begin to fight for control. And other brain networks that would normally be involved in emotions or memories are firing on and off in an unpredictable fashion.”7I felt my logical left brain had finished sorting through the highly charged negative emotions in my right brain and discarded those that no longer served me.Bertie suggested I walk out onto the grass barefoot. I don't do that. I was raised in Arizona and feared stepping on a scorpion. I relented. Weak and devoid of energy, Gary walked me to the lawn. I knelt on the verdant green grass where I saw the tiniest little white mushroom and burst into laughter.The flowers in the garden seemed to shout at with their and bright The the to back and forth from to little lay down on the I to him, rested my head on his and my body into a position right up next to He put his his head so we could see one through the green of the until it the red The brilliant blue was with of was all was with I asked if I could put my hand on his I my hand through his onto his and felt his We were This felt One I'd felt The when my children were on my their eyes up at me to the of my didn't want our to I myself to my eyes open. I this as one of the most of my of The the and in the of to feel with other is the most of mental are to a and therapy felt like a of therapy in four The of psilocybin therapy is that it my emotions to being correlated to specific I had to I didn't have to put forth the of and using words to describe my emotions and from multiple my the voice of experience on my and the voice of who she and what she thought logical brain at and saw them After my I could outside my to see which were me and which were I was to much of the of grief. I can now look back at my with more and for the and there is a And in that space our and power to choose our In our response our and our me, psilocybin therapy increased the space between and I that me to be more in how I to and with the of by has been my response for too long. now closer to it with “And we I present and more of where they still", "journal": "Dialogue A Journal of Mormon Thought", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.5406/15549399.57.4.08", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5406/15549399.57.4.08", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Psychoanalysis, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408422024\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4408422024\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5116616272\",\"display_name\":\"Bridget Verhaaren\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S198776919\",\"source_display_name\":\"Dialogue A Journal of Mormon Thought\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5406/15549399.57.4.08\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Observational Study,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4408422024" }, { "id": 4713, "title": "Changes in positive and negative affect in participants with treatment-resistant depression following COMP360 psilocybin treatment", "normalized_title": "changes in positive and negative affect in participants with treatment resistant depression following comp360 psilocybin treatment", "authors": "Matthew B. Young, J. Chai-Rees, Anna Nowakowska, Jeng-Yu Tsai, Guy M. Goodwin", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104163", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104163", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Affect (linguistics), Depression (economics), Psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Mood, Communication, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405637298\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405637298\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091177873\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-3190\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093581995\",\"display_name\":\"J. Chai-Rees\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036831540\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Nowakowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4016-1522\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008221825\",\"display_name\":\"Jeng-Yu Tsai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-3744\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104163\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405637298" }, { "id": 4712, "title": "Psilocybin vs Escitalopram for depression: 6-month follow-up", "normalized_title": "psilocybin vs escitalopram for depression 6 month follow up", "authors": "Thomas Barba, David Erritzøe, Kyle T. Greenway, Rinki Murphy, John Martell, Christopher Timmermann, Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner, Bruna Giribaldi, Michelle Baker Jones, Brandon Weiss, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104377", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104377", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Medicine, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405637013\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405637013\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019943317\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Barba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1281-0433\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086630833\",\"display_name\":\"Kyle T. Greenway\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-493X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026838445\",\"display_name\":\"Rinki Murphy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-2423\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108297314\",\"display_name\":\"John Martell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055329548\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-377X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113396956\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015600817\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104377\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405637013" }, { "id": 4710, "title": "Neural effects of psilocybin-treatment in patients with treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "neural effects of psilocybin treatment in patients with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "C. Schmitz, Hana Adolphi, Michael Frank, E. Seeger, Maciej Musiał, Moritz Spangemacher, Michael Koslowski, Lea J. Mertens, Florian Schlagenhauf, Gerhard Gründer", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2024.105028", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.105028", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Depression (economics), Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405635994\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405635994\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"C. Schmitz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115564029\",\"display_name\":\"Hana Adolphi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033477592\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Frank\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-237X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115564030\",\"display_name\":\"E. Seeger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006755636\",\"display_name\":\"Maciej Musiał\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9519-7429\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070750577\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045306689\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Koslowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-9875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066569532\",\"display_name\":\"Florian Schlagenhauf\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8340-5027\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.105028\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405635994" }, { "id": 4704, "title": "The Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin for Depression", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psilocybin for depression", "authors": "Tessa Watford", "abstract": "Depression is a debilitating mental health condition affecting millions worldwide. While antidepressant medications are widely prescribed, they often come with significant side effects and limited efficacy. Tessa Watford, a researcher in the field of neuroscience, has conducted a systematic review exploring the therapeutic potential of psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, for the treatment of depression. Her work sheds light on a promising alternative approach that could revolutionise the way we treat this prevalent mental health disorder.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.33548/scientia1082", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.33548/scientia1082", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Medicine, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402233221\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4402233221\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093065994\",\"display_name\":\"Tessa Watford\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6366-4367\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.33548/scientia1082\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Systematic Review,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4402233221" }, { "id": 4703, "title": "Psilocybin may be as effective as escitalopram in treating depression, study suggests", "normalized_title": "psilocybin may be as effective as escitalopram in treating depression study suggests", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psilocybin could be as effective as escitalopram - a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) - in treating depressive symptoms, a study has found. A systematic review and network meta-analysis, published in the BMJ on 21 August 2024, looked at 19 placebo-controlled studies of oral monotherapy with either psychedelics (psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, MDMA and ayahuasca) […]", "journal": "Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1211/pj.2024.1.327949", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/pj.2024.1.327949", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401813485\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401813485\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80542161\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/pj.2024.1.327949\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401813485" }, { "id": 4699, "title": "Exploring the molecular basis of treatment-resistant depression: Discoveries from a rat model and psilocybin therapy", "normalized_title": "exploring the molecular basis of treatment resistant depression discoveries from a rat model and psilocybin therapy", "authors": "Agata Korlatowicz, Katarzyna Latocha, Paulina Pabian, Ryszard Bugno, Adam S. Hogendorf, Tamás Kovács, Andrzej J. Bojarski, Zoltán V. Varga, Agata Faron-Górecka", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104020", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104020", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Basis (linear algebra), Hallucinogen, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Mathematics, Economics, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Geometry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392405867\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392405867\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073055765\",\"display_name\":\"Agata Korlatowicz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8926-3143\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023980590\",\"display_name\":\"Katarzyna Latocha\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7146-6922\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010694343\",\"display_name\":\"Paulina Pabian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-5318\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006523340\",\"display_name\":\"Ryszard Bugno\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-674X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034604911\",\"display_name\":\"Adam S. Hogendorf\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-3266\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101605265\",\"display_name\":\"Tamás Kovács\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-4545\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025399512\",\"display_name\":\"Andrzej J. Bojarski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-6333\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059550755\",\"display_name\":\"Zoltán V. Varga\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2758-0784\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027636060\",\"display_name\":\"Agata Faron-Górecka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8202-190X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104020\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392405867" }, { "id": 4696, "title": "Investigational COMP360 psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression: assessing altered states of consciousness", "normalized_title": "investigational comp360 psilocybin treatment for treatment resistant depression assessing altered states of consciousness", "authors": "N. Hewitt, J. Chai-Rees, Megan Croal, S. Mistry, Jeng-Yu Tsai, Matthew B. Young, Guy M. Goodwin", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104391", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104391", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Altered state, Depression (economics), Consciousness, Psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychoanalysis, Neuroscience, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405660466\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405660466\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039824360\",\"display_name\":\"N. Hewitt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093581995\",\"display_name\":\"J. Chai-Rees\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016967968\",\"display_name\":\"S. Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008221825\",\"display_name\":\"Jeng-Yu Tsai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-3744\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091177873\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-3190\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104391\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Consciousness,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405660466" }, { "id": 1286, "title": "Psilocybin and Other Classic Psychedelics in Depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and other classic psychedelics in depression", "authors": "Nutt DJ, Peill JM, Weiss B, Godfrey K, Carhart-Harris RL, Erritzoe D.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin and ketamine are returning to clinical research and intervention across several disorders including the treatment of depression. This chapter focusses on psychedelics that specifically target the 5-HT2A receptor such as psilocybin and DMT. These produce plasma-concentration related psychological effects such as hallucinations and out of body experiences, insightful and emotional breakthroughs as well as mystical-type experiences. When coupled with psychological support, effects can produce a rapid improvement in mood among people with depression that can last for months. In this chapter, we summarise the scientific studies to date that explore the use of psychedelics in depressed individuals, highlighting key clinical, psychological and neuroimaging features of psychedelics that may account for their therapeutic effects. These include alterations in brain entropy that disrupt fixed negative ruminations, a period of post-treatment increased cognitive flexibility, and changes in self-referential psychological processes. Finally, we propose that the brain mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of serotonergic psychedelics might be distinct from those underlying classical serotonin reuptake-blocking antidepressants.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2023_451", "pubmed_id": "37955822", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2023_451", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37955822\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1268, "title": "Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Psychedelics in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD).", "normalized_title": "efficacy safety and tolerability of psychedelics in treatment resistant depression trd", "authors": "Olivier B, Olivier JDA.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder, associated with substantial burden and large economical costs. Notwithstanding various conventional antidepressant treatment options, a large portion of depressed people (ca. 30%) fails to respond to first-line treatment, resulting in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Although non-response to multiple antidepressant interventions is a common outcome, a consensus definition of TRD is not yet available. In practice, TRD is applied when two or more successive treatments with different antidepressants are not working. The last decade's intense research into new medicines for TRD has led to two developments, using typical or serotonergic (psilocybin, ayahuasca) and atypical (glutamatergic) psychedelics (ketamine, esketamine). Both approaches, although via different entrance mechanism, exhibit a fast onset but also long-lasting antidepressant effect far beyond the biological presence of the drug in the body, strongly indicating that downstream mechanisms activated by signaling cascades in the brain are involved. The present chapter describes the clinical development of psilocybin and esketamine for TRD and discusses the problems involved in the use of a proper placebo because of the psychotomimetic (psilocybin) or dissociative (ketamine) effects that interfere with performing \"blind\" studies. Nevertheless, intranasal esketamine was developed and approved for TRD, whereas psilocybin has shown positive results. Adverse effects and tolerability of both drugs in the dose ranges used are generally acceptable. The emergence of anti-TRD medicines for treatment of a very severe disease is a breakthrough in psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/978-981-97-4402-2_3", "pubmed_id": "39261423", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4402-2_3", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"39261423\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1196, "title": "Safety pharmacology of acute psilocybin administration in healthy participants", "normalized_title": "safety pharmacology of acute psilocybin administration in healthy participants", "authors": "Isabelle Straumann, Friederike Holze, A. Becker, Laura Ley, Nepomuk Halter, Matthias E. Liechti", "abstract": "Psilocybin is being studied for its therapeutic potential in various mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and addiction. Initial studies suggested that psilocybin is generally safe when used under controlled conditions, but more research is needed to better understand its safety profile. We report safety pharmacology data from a pooled analysis of three randomized crossover studies that included 85 healthy participants and 113 single-dose administrations of psilocybin. Single oral doses included 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, and 30 mg psilocybin dihydrate. We investigated subjective effects, blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, acute and subacute adverse effects, reports of flashbacks, and liver and kidney function before and after the studies. The 20, 25, and 30 mg doses of psilocybin produced stronger effects than the 15 mg dose. Psilocybin at all doses induced higher \"good drug effects\" than \"bad drug effects.\" Only the 25 and 30 mg doses increased anxiety. Psilocybin elevated autonomic effects only moderately. Tachycardia (>100 beats/min) was observed with 7% of all psilocybin administrations. Body temperature >38° was reached in 7%, 9%, 17%, and 32% of the participants with the 15, 20, 25, and 30 mg doses, respectively. Kidney and liver function parameters were unaltered at the end of the study. Five participants (6%) reported transient flashback phenomena. No serious adverse reactions occurred. These findings suggest that a single administration of psilocybin is safe with regard to acute psychological and physical harm in healthy participants in a controlled research setting.", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104060", "pubmed_id": "40656108", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104060", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Medicine, Heart rate, Crossover study, Pharmacology, Anesthesia, Safety pharmacology, Psychology, Drug, Psychiatry, Placebo, Internal medicine, Blood pressure, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392888270\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4392888270\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":23,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089306255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161950360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165032621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2415329247\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552761136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590375860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756069429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767725891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790481213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092027192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093676138\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200846882\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206965048\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220686675\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223893856\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294631080\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311205265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378174725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"https://openalex.org/W6716751055\",\"https://openalex.org/W6839106885\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069070940\",\"display_name\":\"Isabelle Straumann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2952-586X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028081191\",\"display_name\":\"Friederike Holze\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-1519\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012996786\",\"display_name\":\"A. Becker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-7945\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102828957\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Ley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9881-4693\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5094174389\",\"display_name\":\"Nepomuk Halter\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071962736\",\"display_name\":\"Matthias E. Liechti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1765-9659\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104060\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4392888270" }, { "id": 1054, "title": "Exploring psychedelic use in athletes and their attitudes toward psilocybin-assisted therapy in concussion recovery", "normalized_title": "exploring psychedelic use in athletes and their attitudes toward psilocybin assisted therapy in concussion recovery", "authors": "Baeleigh VanderZwaag, Albert Garcia-Romeu, Mauricio A. García-Barrera", "abstract": "Background: Psychedelics are receiving growing interest among clinical researchers for their effects on mood and cognition. Psilocybin is one of the most widely studied classic psychedelics which has shown good safety and clinical benefit for major depression and substance use disorders. Athletes frequently sustain concussions and often experience myriad symptoms, including cognitive and mood issues, which can persist for weeks or months in 10%-30% of athletes. Psilocybin may be a potential symptom management option for athletes with persisting concussion symptoms. Objectives: This study sought to summarize athlete psychedelic use, among other substances, and to examine the willingness of the sports community to engage in or support psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) for concussion recovery and management of persisting concussion symptoms. Methods: = 90 staff) respondents completed an online survey distributed in Canada and the United States which queried sport involvement and demographics, substance use, concussion history, and knowledge and willingness about psilocybin. The reporting of this study conforms to the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES) statement. Design: Substance use rates were summarized across athletes and team staff members and a path analysis was used for each sample to identify predictors of willingness to use PAT (athletes) or support PAT (staff) for concussion recovery. Participants were also asked to identify perceived barriers to the implementation of PAT for sports-related concussions, and to indicate their overall willingness. Results: Psychedelics were the third most used substance in the past year among athletes (35.8%) while regular psychedelic use was quite low in athletes (7.5%). A path analysis conducted in RStudio found that attitudes toward psilocybin and knowledge of psilocybin were significant predictors for both athletes and staff members of their willingness to use or support PAT for concussion recovery. Athletes reported likely engaging in PAT (61.2%) and staff (71.1%) reported that they would support their athletes using PAT. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the sports community may be receptive to PAT and athletes would be willing to engage in it for concussion recovery and/or the management of persisting post-concussion symptoms (PPCS). Future research should examine the effects of psilocybin for PPCS to inform whether there is any impact while addressing concerns regarding long-term effects of psilocybin use.", "journal": "Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-12-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/20451253241264812", "pubmed_id": "39132012", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253241264812", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Athletes, Mood, Hallucinogen, Concussion, Cognition, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Medicine, Poison control, Physical therapy, Injury prevention, Economics, Environmental health, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401432739\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4401432739\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2013578576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051521144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051921558\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059367366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078927525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146578632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155656611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162090451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612243571\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802295301\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2908591571\",\"https://openalex.org/W2922440307\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015119188\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046708691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3100320203\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109305452\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3181528408\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184845084\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302767823\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312084004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379599151\",\"https://openalex.org/W4380574892\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381598541\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382918325\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019070873\",\"display_name\":\"Baeleigh VanderZwaag\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3217-0031\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091708678\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-1644\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033732343\",\"display_name\":\"Mauricio A. García-Barrera\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4302-4964\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2765027927\",\"source_display_name\":\"Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253241264812\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Aging,Observational Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4401432739" }, { "id": 4723, "title": "Psilocybin - new remedy for patients with psychiatric disorders? Critical analysis of the current state of knowledge", "normalized_title": "psilocybin new remedy for patients with psychiatric disorders critical analysis of the current state of knowledge", "authors": "Karolina Wąsik, Sebastian Tomaszuk, Magda Wojtuś", "abstract": "Introduction and purpose: Nowadays, when mental disorders are considered by the World Health Organisation as a global burden, the potential usage of psychedelic drugs as supportive therapy is gaining more attention worldwide. The aim of this paper is to summarize the usefulness of psilocybin - representative of psychedelics - in psychiatric venues. In this review we describe its properties, efficacy and adverse events in treating depression, trauma and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Brief description of the state of knowledge: Psilocybin demonstrates a safety profile which does not differ from standard drugs used in therapies of psychiatric disorders. Positive results of its administration were noticed on different psychiatric scales and are considered as clinically meaningful. With depression being the most common mental disease and growing demand for new remedies, most of the conducted research is concentrated on this subject, but there is also some evidence of its purpose in the treatment of trauma and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Conclusions: Psilocybin merits further research as foregoing results of conducted studies are pointing to its efficacy. Psychedelic-assisted therapies may create noteworthy opportunities to current matter in the standard treatment of psychiatric disorders and there is a possibility that in the future in some cases they will be considered as the first line treatment. Nevertheless, still more data is needed to determine its placement in the treatments.", "journal": "Journal of Education Health and Sport", "publication_date": "2023-12-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.12775/jehs.2023.50.01.005", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.50.01.005", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Psychology, Medicine, Adverse effect, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Pharmacology, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390439845\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390439845\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W122113993\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978560738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046403378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129340715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151375494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2317076828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2352975345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2484333338\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799976014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913229070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945658587\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991179833\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110345791\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177513265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280514631\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281492138\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288718745\",\"https://openalex.org/W4304690665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4307481727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322774433\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366989647\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382517556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385628167\",\"https://openalex.org/W6940909433\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043270242\",\"display_name\":\"Karolina Wąsik\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-0848\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051698645\",\"display_name\":\"Sebastian Tomaszuk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-5181\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037981317\",\"display_name\":\"Magda Wojtuś\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-2143\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737571363\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Education Health and Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.50.01.005\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Pharmacology,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390439845" }, { "id": 1264, "title": "Amygdala response to emotional faces following acute administration of psilocybin in healthy individuals", "normalized_title": "amygdala response to emotional faces following acute administration of psilocybin in healthy individuals", "authors": "Sophia Armand, Kristian Larsen, M. Madsen, Brice Ozenne, Katrin H. Preller, Gitte M. Knudsen, Dea Siggaard Stenbæk, Patrick M. Fisher", "abstract": "The serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin acutely induces changes in emotional states. However, it remains unresolved whether psilocybin acutely modulates emotionally-relevant amygdala reactivity to emotions, a brain region critically involved in emotion processing. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined in 26 healthy individuals whether amygdala responses to angry, fearful and neutral faces differ between acute exposure to psilocybin and at baseline. We also evaluated whether plasma psilocin levels (PPL) and subjective drug intensity (SDI) during psilocybin are related to amygdala responses to emotional faces. We found that amygdala response to angry faces was significantly reduced during exposure to psilocybin as compared to baseline (mean difference = −0.54, PFWER = 0.03), whereas no significant changes in amygdala responses to fearful or neutral faces were observed. We further found that the amygdala response to fearful faces was significantly negatively associated with SDI (slope = −0.13, PFWER = 0.04), whereas no significant association with PPL was observed. Our findings indicate that psilocybin attenuates amygdala reactivity to angry faces and that a more intense subjective psilocybin response (SDI) is associated with attenuated amygdala reactivity to fearful faces, in accordance with previously reported results. Future studies should investigate whether exposure to psilocybin acutely changes emotion processing in individuals with depression and whether such changes are related to therapeutic outcomes.", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2023-12-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103934", "pubmed_id": "40656071", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103934", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Amygdala, Psychology, Serotonergic, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Hallucinogen, Reactivity (psychology), Neuroscience, Audiology, Serotonin, Medicine, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Receptor, Pathology, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390452945\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390452945\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":7,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1810655782\",\"https://openalex.org/W1937433122\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967996189\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976863244\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989982790\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997927507\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001362807\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012626242\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022951276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042593075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048416550\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048707777\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053497768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061554433\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110431345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113941552\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118492070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118969780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133194768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151487996\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158553737\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165016477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341471783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604586582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801890140\",\"https://openalex.org/W2805365294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2959143276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009339612\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081047021\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091936754\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118672806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213393122\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280491225\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W6661503435\",\"https://openalex.org/W6676667350\",\"https://openalex.org/W6704359060\",\"https://openalex.org/W6765929559\",\"https://openalex.org/W6783748472\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086179765\",\"display_name\":\"Sophia Armand\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6368-3329\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027814368\",\"display_name\":\"Kristian Larsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6835-0814\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000203733\",\"display_name\":\"M. Madsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8836-1844\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021739634\",\"display_name\":\"Brice Ozenne\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-2956\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015895924\",\"display_name\":\"Gitte M. Knudsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-6866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004791170\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbæk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-4637\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021085020\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick M. Fisher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8115-0611\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103934\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390452945" }, { "id": 4724, "title": "The Therapeutic Effect and Potential Application of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic effect and potential application of psilocybin", "authors": "Tianran Liu", "abstract": "Mental illness is a hot topic of concern worldwide. The psilocybin has great potential in the treatment of mental disorders, but there is still a research gap on whether it can truly be applied in the treatment of mental disorders. Therefore, this research explores the feasibility of psilocybin’s true application in the treatment of mental disorders by collecting relevant literature on its experiments in recent years, analyzing the data and experimental results in detail. Research has found that in the treatment of mental disorders, psilocybin does have significant effects compared to traditional drugs. Psilocybin’s role is more pronounced in cancer patients with more severe and complex mental disorders, greatly reducing their depression index and effectively controlling the condition of substance abuse patients. And through popular science, some healthcare professionals who care for patients with eating disorders hope to apply psilocybin for treatment. Psilocybin also does have certain unresolved side effects. Overall, from a scientific perspective, psilocybin can indeed effectively treat mental illnesses, and morally speaking, healthcare professionals are willing to introduce psilocybin into the treatment of patients with mental illnesses. One day, when psilocybin is widely used to treat mental illnesses, it will be a significant progress in medical history.", "journal": "Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology", "publication_date": "2023-12-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.54097/3cfwjn09", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/3cfwjn09", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Pharmacology, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391277213\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4391277213\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113106027\",\"display_name\":\"Tianran Liu\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387281017\",\"source_display_name\":\"Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/3cfwjn09\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Cancer Patients,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4391277213" }, { "id": 3164, "title": "Engaging Mood Brain Circuits with Psilocybin (EMBRACE): a study protocol for a randomized, proof-of-principle, placebo-controlled and crossover, neuroimaging trial in depression", "normalized_title": "engaging mood brain circuits with psilocybin embrace a study protocol for a randomized proof of principle placebo controlled and crossover neuroimaging trial in depression", "authors": "Poulin JM, Bigford GE, Lanctot KL, Giacobbe P, Schaffer A, Sinyor M, Rabin JS, Masellis M, Singnurkar A, Pople CB, Lipsman N, MacIntosh BJ, Nestor SM.", "abstract": "Abstract Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide across domains of health and cognition, affecting overall quality of life. Approximately one third of individuals with depression do not fully respond to treatments (e.g., conventional antidepressants, psychotherapy) and alternative strategies are needed. Recent early phase trials suggest psilocybin may be a safe and efficacious intervention with rapid-acting antidepressant properties. Psilocybin is thought to exert therapeutic benefits by altering brain network connectivity and inducing neuroplastic changes that endure for weeks post-treatment. Although early clinical results are encouraging, psilocybin’s acute neurobiological effects on neuroplasticity have not been fully investigated. We aim to examine for the first time how psilocybin acutely (intraday) and subacutely (weeks) alters functional brain networks implicated in depression. Methods: Thirty-six participants diagnosed with MDD or Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD) will be recruited from a tertiary mood disorders clinic and undergo 1:1 randomization into either an experimental or control arm. Participants will be given either 25 mg psilocybin or active placebo (100 mg niacin) for the first treatment. Three weeks later, those in the control arm will cross over and all participants will receive 25 mg psilocybin. We will investigate whether treatments are associated with changes in arterial spin labelling and blood oxygenation level dependent contrast neuroimaging assessments at acute and subacute timepoints. Primary outcomes include testing whether psilocybin demonstrates acute changes in 1) cerebral blood flow and 2) functional brain activity in networks associated with mood regulation and depression when compared to placebo. Secondary outcomes include changes in MADRS score over time compared to placebo, and changes across complementary clinical psychiatric, cognitive, and functional scales from baseline to final follow-up. Serum peripheral neurotrophic and inflammatory biomarkers will be collected at baseline to examine relationships with clinical response, and neuroimaging measures. Discussion: This study will investigate the acute and additive subacute neuroplastic effects of psilocybin on brain networks affected by depression using advanced serial neuroimaging methods. Results will improve our understanding of psilocybin’s antidepressant mechanisms versus placebo response and whether biological measures of brain function can provide early predictors of treatment response. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06072898. Registered on 6 October 2023.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2023-12-27", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3474764/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3474764/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR779931\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3780, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians - Part I. Historical Perspective and Overview", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians part i historical perspective and overview", "authors": "Tabaac BJ, Shinozuka K, Arenas A, Beutler BD, Cherian K, Evans VD, Fasano C, Muir OS.", "abstract": "Background: Psychedelic drugs have recently emerged as plausibly effective pharmacological agents for the management of depression, anxiety, and other neuropsychiatric conditions, including conditions that have not benefited from prior interventions. The latter half of the twentieth century marked a revolution in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and psychosis, exemplified by the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, dopamine antagonists, and other pharmacological agents. Nevertheless, mental illness remains a major public health crisis, affecting nearly one billion individuals worldwide. Areas of Uncertainty: Due to the recency of the resurgence in psychedelic research, there are still only a small number of large, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials of psychedelics in psychiatric populations. While initial clinical trials of psychedelics for depression were very promising, trials of psilocybin with larger sample sizes (100+ participants) seem to suggest that it may not be more effective than antidepressants.Therapeutic Advances: Esketamine, a dissociative hallucinogen drug, was approved for the management of major depressive disorder by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019. As of December 2023, two Phase III trials of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a synthetic drug that inhibits the serotonin transporter, have been completed; the results indicate that MDMA is superior to existing pharmacological treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder. A phase III trial of psilocybin, a naturally occurring serotonin receptor partial agonist, is currently underway. The following series details the current state of research in psychedelic therapeutics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N-N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and ayahuasca, psilocybin, ibogaine, MDMA, and ketamine. Conclusions: Psychedelic drugs and structural derivatives offer a great deal of promise for the management of a wide range of psychiatric morbidities. It is imperative that clinicians become familiar with these novel agents and learn how to implement psychedelic therapeutics as part of a patient-centered care paradigm.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/byms6", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/byms6", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:21", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR779328\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3751, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians - Part IV. Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians part iv psilocybin", "authors": "Tabaac BJ, Shinozuka K, Arenas A, Beutler BD, Cherian K, Evans VD, Fasano C, Muir OS.", "abstract": "Background: The primary psychoactive drug in magic mushrooms, psilocybin induces profound alterations in consciousness through its action at the 5-HT2A receptor. This comprehensive review consolidates current research findings to elucidate the pharmacology, safety profile, and clinical applications of psilocybin.Areas of Uncertainty: Despite initial concerns that psilocybin could cause long-lasting mental health problems such as psychosis, contemporary research has demonstrated that psilocybin is psychologically and physiologically safe. Adverse psychiatric outcomes can generally be avoided in controlled settings such as clinical trials. However, considerations regarding optimal dosing, therapeutic protocols, and integration strategies for psychedelic experiences remain imperative for the responsible clinical implementation of psilocybin-assisted therapy. Therapeutic Advances: In clinical trials, psilocybin has shown promise for treating major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Initial studies indicated that 42-57% of patients underwent remission after psilocybin-assisted therapy, which suggests that psilocybin is more effective than existing antidepressant medications. However, larger Phase II trials with more than 100 participants have shown a much smaller remission rate of 25-29%, though these studies still observed that psilocybin causes a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. Clinical data has also demonstrated that psilocybin can manage substance use disorders and end-of-life anxiety. Conclusion: Psilocybin is the most clinically well-researched psychedelic drug, with trials that have enrolled hundreds of participants and therapeutic applications that span multiple psychiatric conditions. Phase III trials, which have already commenced, will determine whether psilocybin lives up to the promise that it showed in previous clinical trials.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/a8xwk", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/a8xwk", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:18", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR779326\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3572, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy in the Management of Anxiety Associated With Stage IV Melanoma.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in the management of anxiety associated with stage iv melanoma", "authors": "Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies", "abstract": "This study is to find out about whether two sessions of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy are safe and will help people who are anxious as a result of having stage IV melanoma and will involve two sessions of psychotherapy combined with either 4 or 25 mg psilocybin. The study will measure anxiety, depression, quality of life and spirituality before and after psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, natural killer cells (a type of immune cell) will be counted from blood samples taken the day after psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, and people will keep daily diaries reporting on how anxious they feel for each day in the study. Melanoma is a cancer arising from pigment-producing cells, or melanocytes. These cells are chiefly located in the skin, but they can also be found in other parts of the body, including eyes, ears and GI tract. A diagnosis of stage IV melanoma can create great stress and anxiety for an individual and his or her caregivers. Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy- N,N-dimethyl-tryptamine) is a psychedelic (hallucinogenic) compound found in certain species of mushrooms that can produce spiritual or mystical experiences and that has been used in psychotherapy prior to being made illegal. This study will be a randomized, active-placebo controlled pilot study of the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a means of managing anxiety in association with stage IV melanoma. This study will examine whether two sessions of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy scheduled seen to 14 days apart will reduce anxiety, improve quality of life and be safe in people with stage IV melanoma. Subjects in this study will have a 66% chance of receiving the full dose of 25 mg psilocybin and a 33% of receiving 4 mg psilocybin. The first dose is expected to change how people feel, think and see the world, while the lower dose is expected to have only slight effects. Each subject will receive these conditions at random, as if by coin-toss. The researchers, including the therapists, and the subject will not know whether they are assigned to get 25 or 4 mg psilocybin. The entire study can last up to three and a half months (14 weeks) but the main part of the study lasts six weeks. After the researchers determine that a person with stage IV melanoma and anxiety can be in the study, there will be two introductory psychotherapy sessions with the therapist-investigators. They will prepare the participant for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. The subject will have a day-long psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy session after introductory sessions, and he or she will remain overnight at the clinic. There will be a psychotherapy follow-up scheduled the day after each psilocybin-assisted session to help people work with the psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, and there will be a psychotherapy session in between the first and second psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy sessions. Two weeks after the second psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy session, subjects will return for another follow-up visit. The subjects will answer questions or fill out questionnaires about anxiety, depression, quality of life, spirituality and sense of self at the start of the study, two weeks after the second psilocybin-assisted session and at least once during the study. Subjects will have blood draws to assess liver function before each psilocybin-assisted session and they will have a blood draw to assess natural killer (NK) cells the day after each psilocybin-assisted session. On the day after each psilocybin-assisted session, subjects will also complete a questionnaire about their experiences during the psilocybin-assisted session. Two weeks after the second experimental psilocybin-assisted session, subjects will learn if they got the full or active placebo dose of psilocybin. Any of the three subjects who receive the active placebo dose can take part in an \"open-label\" study phase that will last another six weeks. The open-label phase will be nearly identical to those used in the first study phase except that there will be one, and not two, introductory psychotherapy sessions, and the subject and therapists will know that the subject will be receiving 25 mg psilocybin. People who got the full dose of 25 mg psilocybin will not take part in the open-label study phase. If they are well enough to do so, subjects who received the full dose of psilocybin will have anxiety, depression, quality of life and spirituality measured again two months after the second experimental session. Subjects who received active placebo psilocybin will have anxiety, depression, quality of life and spirituality measured two months after the second open-label psilocybin-assisted session.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00979693", "keywords": "Anxiety, Stage IV Melanoma, psilocybin, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT00979693\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Safety,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3293, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians - Part I. Historical Perspective and Overview", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians part i historical perspective and overview", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Psychedelic drugs have recently emerged as plausibly effective pharmacological agents for the management of depression, anxiety, and other neuropsychiatric conditions, including conditions that have not benefited from prior interventions. The latter half of the twentieth century marked a revolution in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and psychosis, exemplified by the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, dopamine antagonists, and other pharmacological agents. Nevertheless, mental illness remains a major public health crisis, affecting nearly one billion individuals worldwide. Areas of Uncertainty: Due to the recency of the resurgence in psychedelic research, there are still only a small number of large, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials of psychedelics in psychiatric populations. While initial clinical trials of psychedelics for depression were very promising, trials of psilocybin with larger sample sizes (100+ participants) seem to suggest that it may not be more effective than antidepressants. Therapeutic Advances: Esketamine, a dissociative hallucinogen drug, was approved for the management of major depressive disorder by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019. As of December 2023, two Phase III trials of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a synthetic drug that inhibits the serotonin transporter, have been completed; the results indicate that MDMA is superior to existing pharmacological treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder. A phase III trial of psilocybin, a naturally occurring serotonin receptor partial agonist, is currently underway. The following series details the current state of research in psychedelic therapeutics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N-N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and ayahuasca, psilocybin, ibogaine, MDMA, and ketamine. Conclusions: Psychedelic drugs and structural derivatives offer a great deal of promise for the management of a wide range of psychiatric morbidities. It is imperative that clinicians become familiar with these novel agents and learn how to implement psychedelic therapeutics as part of a patient-centered care paradigm.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/byms6_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"byms6_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3133, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians - Part IV. Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy a primer for primary care clinicians part iv psilocybin", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: The primary psychoactive drug in magic mushrooms, psilocybin induces profound alterations in consciousness through its action at the 5-HT2A receptor. This comprehensive review consolidates current research findings to elucidate the pharmacology, safety profile, and clinical applications of psilocybin. Areas of Uncertainty: Despite initial concerns that psilocybin could cause long-lasting mental health problems such as psychosis, contemporary research has demonstrated that psilocybin is psychologically and physiologically safe. Adverse psychiatric outcomes can generally be avoided in controlled settings such as clinical trials. However, considerations regarding optimal dosing, therapeutic protocols, and integration strategies for psychedelic experiences remain imperative for the responsible clinical implementation of psilocybin-assisted therapy. Therapeutic Advances: In clinical trials, psilocybin has shown promise for treating major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Initial studies indicated that 42-57% of patients underwent remission after psilocybin-assisted therapy, which suggests that psilocybin is more effective than existing antidepressant medications. However, larger Phase II trials with more than 100 participants have shown a much smaller remission rate of 25-29%, though these studies still observed that psilocybin causes a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. Clinical data has also demonstrated that psilocybin can manage substance use disorders and end-of-life anxiety. Conclusion: Psilocybin is the most clinically well-researched psychedelic drug, with trials that have enrolled hundreds of participants and therapeutic applications that span multiple psychiatric conditions. Phase III trials, which have already commenced, will determine whether psilocybin lives up to the promise that it showed in previous clinical trials.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/a8xwk_v1", "keywords": "Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"a8xwk_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1324, "title": "Potential use of psilocybin drugs in the treatment of depression.", "normalized_title": "potential use of psilocybin drugs in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Śladowska K, Kawalec P, Brzostek T, Pilc A.", "abstract": "IntroductionDepression is a common disabling psychiatric disorder, which - in extreme cases - may lead to suicide if untreated or inadequately treated. Despite the availability of various treatments for depression, including pharmacotherapy, there is still a need to search for new agents with higher effectiveness and faster onset of action, especially for patients with treatment-resistant depression.Areas coveredA substance that has attracted considerable attention for nearly a decade is psilocybin, a natural psychedelic found in psilocybin mushrooms. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of depression, based on pivotal randomized clinical trials. Moreover, we used findings from observational studies regarding recreational use. We also looked at ongoing clinical trials and discussed the registration status and clinical potential of the drug.Expert opinionClinical phase I-II trials published to date reported promising results for psilocybin in the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression, in a relatively short time after administration. However, before psilocybin is approved for use and administered to patients with depression, the results of large ongoing phase III clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety and to change the way it is perceived by physicians and patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/14728214.2023.2264180", "pubmed_id": "37817501", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2023.2264180", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37817501\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1301, "title": "Molecular and Medical Aspects of Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "molecular and medical aspects of psychedelics", "authors": "Wojtas A, Gołembiowska K.", "abstract": "Psychedelics belong to the oldest psychoactive drugs. They arouse recent interest due to their therapeutic applications in the treatment of major depressive disorder, substance use disorder, end-of-life anxiety,= and anxiety symptoms, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In this review, the current state of preclinical research on the mechanism of action, neurotoxicity, and behavioral impact of psychedelics is summarized. The effect of selective 5-HT2A receptor agonists, 25I- and 25B-NBOMe, after acute and repeated administration is characterized and compared with the effects of a less selective drug, psilocybin. The data show a significant effect of NBOMes on glutamatergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and cholinergic neurotransmission in the frontal cortex, striatum, and nucleus accumbens. The increases in extracellular levels of neurotransmitters were not dose-dependent, which most likely resulted from the stimulation of the 5-HT2A receptor and subsequent activation of the 5-HT2C receptors. This effect was also observed in the wet dog shake test and locomotor activity. Chronic administration of NBOMes elicited rapid development of tolerance, genotoxicity, and activation of microglia. Acute treatment with psilocybin affected monoaminergic and aminoacidic neurotransmitters in the frontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and hippocampus but not in the amygdala. Psilocybin exhibited anxiolytic properties resulting from intensification of GABAergic neurotransmission. The data indicate that NBOMes as selective 5-HT2A agonists exert a significant effect on neurotransmission and behavior of rats while also inducing oxidative DNA damage. In contrast to NBOMes, the effects induced by psilocybin suggest a broader therapeutic index of this drug.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-22", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/ijms25010241", "pubmed_id": "38203411", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010241", "keywords": "Animals, Rats, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Neurotransmitter Agents, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38203411\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4725, "title": "Application of psilocybin in mental health disorders", "normalized_title": "application of psilocybin in mental health disorders", "authors": "Jingxuan Chen", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychoactive compound, which has been used for ages in traditional settings for religious and therapeutic use. Recent studies have renewed interest in psilocybin for its potential therapeutic benefits in treating depression and anxiety. The pharmacodynamics of psilocybin are complex, involving its rapid conversion to psilocin and its activity on various serotonin receptors, particularly the 5HT2A/C and 5HT1A receptors. In addition, psilocybin can increase glutamate release, which is believed to be an important mechanism underlying its therapeutic effects. Clinical trials have demonstrated that psilocybin has a long-lasting antidepressant effect, with little to no side effects. However, it is necessary to further study the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potential and to optimize its use in clinical settings. Overall, the promising findings suggest that psilocybin may offer a valuable alternative to traditional antidepressant therapies for individuals suffering from depression and anxiety. Meanwhile, studies have shown that this drug also has certain benefits for mental disorders such as addiction and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Thus, it is necessary to continue exploring the potential of psilocybin as a novel strategy in treating mental health disorders.", "journal": "Theoretical and Natural Science", "publication_date": "2023-12-19", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.54254/2753-8818/21/20230859", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/21/20230859", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Anxiety, Psychology, Psychiatry, Addiction, Pharmacology, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390006951\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390006951\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038786381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038839611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045988021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769124319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3214305299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319765908\",\"https://openalex.org/W6660356446\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682579402\",\"https://openalex.org/W6739316299\",\"https://openalex.org/W6746562885\",\"https://openalex.org/W6795106739\",\"https://openalex.org/W6808041420\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068024444\",\"display_name\":\"Jingxuan Chen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8863-9535\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387283303\",\"source_display_name\":\"Theoretical and Natural Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/21/20230859\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390006951" }, { "id": 1280, "title": "Is there credible evidence to assert psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression?", "normalized_title": "is there credible evidence to assert psilocybin assisted therapy for depression", "authors": "Nogueira GN, Vasconcelos MMA, Souza FGM, Bisol LW.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-19", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.11.003", "pubmed_id": "38128153", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.11.003", "keywords": "Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38128153\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 917, "title": "Unveiling the Psychedelic Journey: An Appraisal of Psilocybin as a Profound Antidepressant Therapy.", "normalized_title": "unveiling the psychedelic journey an appraisal of psilocybin as a profound antidepressant therapy", "authors": "Shah FI, Shehzadi S, Akram F, Haq IU, Javed B, Sabir S, Kazim Y, Ashfaq S.", "abstract": "Depression, a global health concern with significant implications for suicide rates, remains challenging to treat effectively with conventional pharmacological options. The existing pharmaceutical interventions for these illnesses need daily dosing, are accompanied by various adverse effects, and may exhibit limited efficacy in certain cases. However, hope emerges from an unlikely source-Psilocybin, a natural hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms. Recently, this enigmatic compound has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic benefits in addressing various mental health issues, including depression. Psilocybin alters mood, cognition, and perception by acting on a particular subtype of serotonin receptors in the brain. It's feasible that these shifts in consciousness will promote healing development, offering a novel approach to depression management. This comprehensive review explores psilocybin, derived from specific mushrooms, and its implications in the treatment of depression. The study examines new perspectives and therapeutic possibilities surrounding psilocybin, addressing existing gaps in academic literature. It delves into its biosynthesis, unique mechanisms of action, therapeutic applications, and anti-depressive effects. By uncovering the potential of this mind-altering substance, the review aims to advance psychiatric care, offering hope to those globally affected by depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-19", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s12033-023-00994-7", "pubmed_id": "38117395", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-023-00994-7", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Agaricales, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38117395\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1183, "title": "Acceptability of psilocybin-assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder: Qualitative analysis", "normalized_title": "acceptability of psilocybin assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder qualitative analysis", "authors": "Yvan Beaussant, Elise C. Tarbi, Kabir Nigam, Skye A. Miner, Zachary Sager, Justin J. Sanders, Michael Ljuslin, Benjamin Guérin, Paul Thambi, James A. Tulsky, Manish Agrawal", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The present study explored the acceptability of psilocybin-assisted group therapy from the perspective of patients with cancer and depression who participated in a clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of this novel intervention. METHODS: Guided by the conceptual framework of acceptability, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with participants of the psilocybin trial. Data were analyzed using template and thematic analyses. RESULTS: Participants' (n = 28) perspectives on the acceptability of the group and simultaneous sessions was generally positive, both in terms of safety and efficacy: first, the groups contributed to increase participants' sense of safety and preparedness as they were engaging in the therapy; and second, the groups fostered a sense of connection and of belonging, which served to enrich and deepen the meaning of participants' experience, ultimately opening a dimension of self-transcendence and compassion. Other subthemes related to factors influencing the acceptability of the group approach included: 1) the importance of the therapeutic framework, 2) the complementary value of individual sessions, 3) disruptive factors related to the group and/or simultaneous setting, and 4) opportunities and challenges related to group size and how to structure interactions. CONCLUSIONS: This study enhances understanding of what promotes acceptability of the psilocybin-assisted therapy group model for the treatment of MDD in cancer patients. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: We conducted exit interviews with participants of a phase 2 trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) conducted in a community cancer center, to assess the acceptability of a novel psilocybin delivery model combining simultaneous individual therapy and group sessions. Our findings support the acceptability of this intervention and suggest that in addition to being feasible, it might also enhance participants' perceived safety and efficacy compared to uniquely individual or group delivery models of PAT. Our analysis highlights critical factors conditioning acceptability and suggests new ways PAT may be scaled and integrated into cancer care.", "journal": "Cancer", "publication_date": "2023-12-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/cncr.35024", "pubmed_id": "38105653", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35024", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Thematic analysis, Group psychotherapy, Qualitative research, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Sociology, Social science, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389895437\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":22,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W163976722\",\"https://openalex.org/W1480983579\",\"https://openalex.org/W1513859721\",\"https://openalex.org/W1557078286\",\"https://openalex.org/W1566986267\",\"https://openalex.org/W1922474554\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965295590\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981592659\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997084088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025131776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047362844\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084343441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089047250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153153465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168281859\",\"https://openalex.org/W2305278139\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582406074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2625982844\",\"https://openalex.org/W2738640210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2931245338\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001979862\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015163151\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166459008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211011432\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225266953\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281784879\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285077222\",\"https://openalex.org/W4290631853\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312196530\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W6606710515\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063328366\",\"display_name\":\"Yvan Beaussant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-6736\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017118759\",\"display_name\":\"Elise C. Tarbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-6632\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053570913\",\"display_name\":\"Kabir Nigam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-0079\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076256339\",\"display_name\":\"Skye A. Miner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-2440\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064982845\",\"display_name\":\"Zachary Sager\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-9582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063712330\",\"display_name\":\"Justin J. Sanders\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8928-4051\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071091088\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Ljuslin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-1749\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052182950\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Guérin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-7874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014360467\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Tulsky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0453\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S126033908\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cancer\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35024\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389895437" }, { "id": 1182, "title": "Innovations in group-based psilocybin-assisted therapy of major depression in patients with cancer.", "normalized_title": "innovations in group based psilocybin assisted therapy of major depression in patients with cancer", "authors": "Thrul J, Kozak Z, Carducci MA, Garcia-Romeu A, Yaden DB.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-12-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/cncr.35127", "pubmed_id": "38105654", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35127", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38105654\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1181, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted group therapy in patients with cancer diagnosed with a major depressive disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group therapy in patients with cancer diagnosed with a major depressive disorder", "authors": "Manish Agrawal, William A. Richards, Yvan Beaussant, Sarah Shnayder, Rezvan Ameli, Kimberly Roddy, Norma Stevens, Brian D. Richards, Nick Schor, Heather Honstein, Betsy Jenkins, Mark Bates, Paul Thambi", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Depression is common in patients with cancer and is associated with lower treatment adherence and reduced quality of life. Antidepressants and psychotherapy have limited success in improving depression among patients with cancer. This study explored the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder. METHODS: This phase 2, open-label trial enrolled patients with curable and noncurable cancer and major depressive disorder at a single community oncology practice site. A single 25-mg dose of psilocybin was administered simultaneously to cohorts of three to four participants with individual (4.25 hours in 1:1 therapist-to-patient ratio) and group therapeutic support (3.75 hours) before, during, and after psilocybin administration. Outcomes included depression severity, anxiety, pain, demoralization, and disability. RESULTS: Thirty participants completed the study. No psilocybin-related serious adverse events occurred; treatment-related adverse events (e.g., nausea, headache) were generally mild and expected. There were no laboratory or electrocardiogram abnormalities. No suicidality was reported. Efficacy was suggested with a robust reduction in depression severity scores from baseline to posttreatment of 19.1 points (95% CI, 22.3 to -16.0; p", "journal": "Cancer", "publication_date": "2023-12-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/cncr.35010", "pubmed_id": "38105655", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35010", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Cancer, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Oncology, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389900078\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":72,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1957937187\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966158258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017346793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023305103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026890679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030045599\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041265397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077188072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084779737\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115510970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153153465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160070901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803692240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904473517\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940589604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969626873\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116377810\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251745849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075438055\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-6822\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039889194\",\"display_name\":\"William A. Richards\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-9249\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063328366\",\"display_name\":\"Yvan Beaussant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-6736\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038515583\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Shnayder\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040592691\",\"display_name\":\"Rezvan Ameli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8061-4034\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093431923\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Roddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108886819\",\"display_name\":\"Norma Stevens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034785335\",\"display_name\":\"Brian D. Richards\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Nick Schor\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092083232\",\"display_name\":\"Heather Honstein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108886818\",\"display_name\":\"Betsy Jenkins\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045651335\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Bates\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5916-5403\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S126033908\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cancer\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35010\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389900078" }, { "id": 3152, "title": "Psilocybin prevents activity-based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility: contributions from 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psilocybin prevents activity based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility contributions from 5 ht1a and 5 ht2a receptor mechanisms", "authors": "Conn K, Milton L, Huang K, Munguba H, Ruuska J, Lemus M, Greaves E, Homman-Ludiye J, Oldfield B, Foldi C.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise for alleviating symptoms of depression and is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN), a condition that is characterised by persistent cognitive inflexibility. Considering that enhanced cognitive flexibility after psilocybin treatment is reported to occur in individuals with depression, it is plausible that psilocybin could improve symptoms of AN by breaking down cognitive inflexibility. A mechanistic understanding of the actions of psilocybin is required to tailor the clinical application of psilocybin to individuals most likely to respond with positive outcomes. This can only be achieved using incisive neurobiological approaches in animal models. Here, we use the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rat model and comprehensively assess aspects of reinforcement learning to show that psilocybin (post-acutely) improves body weight maintenance in female rats and facilitates cognitive flexibility, specifically via improved adaptation to the initial reversal of reward contingencies. Further, we reveal the involvement of signalling through the serotonin (5-HT) 1A and 5-HT2A receptor subtypes in specific aspects of learning, demonstrating that 5-HT1A antagonism negates the cognitive enhancing effects of psilocybin. Moreover, we show that psilocybin elicits a transient increase and decrease in cortical transcription of these receptors ( Htr2a and Htr1a, respectively), and a further reduction in the abundance of Htr2a transcripts in rats exposed to the ABA model. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that psilocybin could ameliorate cognitive inflexibility in the context of AN and highlight a need to better understand the therapeutic mechanisms independent of 5-HT2A receptor binding.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-12-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.12.12.571374", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.12.571374", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR773743\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4726, "title": "Psychotropics: A scientific, regulatory, and public view on the medicinal uses of cannabinoids and psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychotropics a scientific regulatory and public view on the medicinal uses of cannabinoids and psilocybin", "authors": "Ivana Turek", "abstract": "Research on psychotropics is gaining more popularity worldwide and support from drug regulatory agencies, which recognise the unmet medical needs of certain patient communities, such as patients with mental disorders and patients with cancer who experience depression. Cannabinoids and psilocybin have shown promising results in preclinical studies and clinical trials, but the current clinical evidence is scarce, and the regulatory requirements are strict due to high potential for drug abuse. The US FDA has recently released a draft, non-binding guidance on clinical trials with psychedelics. Europe is currently falling behind the US and Canada in terms of regulating psychotropic substances. The article provides a general introduction on conducting clinical trials with psychotropics and the regulatory requirements (as of October 2023) when submitting marketing authorisation application. In the near future, as more data becomes available, research on psychotropics will definitely shape the European regulatory landscape.", "journal": "Medical Writing", "publication_date": "2023-12-10", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.56012/tsen2260", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.56012/tsen2260", "keywords": "Clinical trial, Psilocybin, Authorization, Medicine, Regulatory science, Marketing authorization, Psychiatry, Drug approval, Alternative medicine, Drug, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Bioinformatics, Computer security, Computer science, Pathology, Biology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389763815\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389763815\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1962052985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006895664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102963347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141209126\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148841660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154191181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157305173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2199093360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2282484587\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2494477347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547881037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616653812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756282134\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905689668\",\"https://openalex.org/W2916674868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917202476\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014627976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3089446948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3099423662\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111428945\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125143320\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139079540\",\"https://openalex.org/W3142425130\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152710445\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157866107\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211238337\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212985029\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221049236\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221098483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224046478\",\"https://openalex.org/W4241030589\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281482740\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295073950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312558268\",\"https://openalex.org/W4366421959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4368362129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4378902070\",\"https://openalex.org/W4381309423\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382515410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385901848\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048668460\",\"display_name\":\"Ivana Turek\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2765017934\",\"source_display_name\":\"Medical Writing\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.56012/tsen2260\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389763815" }, { "id": 1311, "title": "Drugs for depressionr.", "normalized_title": "drugs for depressionr", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": "The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics", "publication_date": "2023-12-10", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.58347/tml.2023.1691a", "pubmed_id": "38133585", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38133585/", "keywords": "Abilify, Aplenzin, Auvelity, Buspar, Celexa, Cymbalta, Deplin, Effexor, Emsam, Exxua, Fetzima, Forfivo, L-methylfolate, Lexapro, Marplan, Nardil, Norpramin, PamelorZurzuvae, Parnate, Paxil, Pristiq, Prozac, Remeron, SNRIs, SSRIs, Seroquel, Spravato, St. John’s wort, Symbyax, Trintellix, Viibryd, Wellbutrin, Zoloft, Zulresso, Zurzuvae, adverse effects, amitriptyline, amoxapine, antipsychotics, aripiprazole, brexanolone, bupropion, buspirone, citalopram, cognitive behavioral therapy, deep brain stimulation, depression, desipramine, desvenlafaxine, dextromethorphan, dosage, drug interactions, duloxetine, efficacy, electroconvulsive therapy, escitalopram, esketamine, fluoxetine, gepirone, imipramine, isocarboxazid, ketamine, lactation, levomilnacipran, lithium, mirtazapine, nefazodone, nortriptyline, olanzapine, paroxetine, phenelzine, pregnancy, psilocybin, quetiapine, safety, selegiline, sertraline, transcranial magnetic stimulation, tranylcypromine, trazodone, tricyclic antidepressants, triiodothyronine, venlafaxine, vilazodone, vortioxetine, zuranolone", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:37", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"38133585\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1322, "title": "Preclinical models of treatment-resistant depression: challenges and perspectives.", "normalized_title": "preclinical models of treatment resistant depression challenges and perspectives", "authors": "Kolasa M, Faron-Górecka A", "abstract": "Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a subgroup of major depressive disorder in which the use of classical antidepressant treatments fails to achieve satisfactory treatment results. Although there are various definitions and grading models for TRD, common criteria for assessing TRD have still not been established. However, a common feature of any TRD model is the lack of response to at least two attempts at antidepressant pharmacotherapy. The causes of TRD are not known; nevertheless, it is estimated that even 60% of TRD patients are so-called pseudo-TRD patients, in which multiple biological factors, e.g., gender, age, and hormonal disturbances are concomitant with depression and involved in antidepressant drug resistance. Whereas the phenomenon of TRD is a complex disorder difficult to diagnose and successfully treat, the search for new treatment strategies is a significant challenge of modern pharmacology. It seems that despite the complexity of the TRD phenomenon, some useful animal models of TRD meet the construct, the face, and the predictive validity criteria. Based on the literature and our own experiences, we will discuss the utility of animals exposed to the stress paradigm (chronic mild stress, CMS), and the Wistar Kyoto rat strain representing an endogenous model of TRD. In this review, we will focus on reviewing research on existing and novel therapies for TRD, including ketamine, deep brain stimulation (DBS), and psychedelic drugs in the context of preclinical studies in representative animal models of TRD.", "journal": "Pharmacological reports: PR", "publication_date": "2023-11-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s43440-023-00542-9", "pubmed_id": "37882914", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37882914/", "keywords": "Animal models, Chronic mild stress, DBS, Ketamine, Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Wistar Kyoto rats", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:37", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37882914\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1320, "title": "Mindfulness meditation and psychedelics: potential synergies and commonalities.", "normalized_title": "mindfulness meditation and psychedelics potential synergies and commonalities", "authors": "Holas P, Kamińska J", "abstract": "There has been increasing scientific and clinical interest in studying psychedelic and meditation-based interventions in recent years, both in the context of improving mental health and as tools for understanding the mind. Several authors suggest neurophysiological and phenomenological parallels and overlaps between psychedelic and meditative states and suggest synergistic effects of both methods. Both psychedelic-assisted therapy and meditation training in the form of mindfulness-based interventions have been experimentally validated with moderate to large effects as alternative treatments for a variety of mental health problems, including depression, addictions, and anxiety disorders. Both demonstrated significant post-acute and long-term decreases in clinical symptoms and enhancements in well-being in healthy participants, in addition. Postulated shared salutogenic mechanisms, include, among others the ability to alter self-consciousness, present-moment awareness and antidepressant action via corresponding neuromodulatory effects. These shared mechanisms between mindfulness training and psychedelic intervention have led to scientists theorizing, and recently demonstrating, positive synergistic effects when both are used in combination. Research findings suggest that these two approaches can complement each other, enhancing the positive effects of both interventions. However, more theoretical accounts and methodologically sound research are needed before they can be extended into clinical practice. The current review aims to discuss the theoretical rationale of combining psychedelics with mindfulness training, including the predictive coding framework as well as research findings regarding synergies and commonalities between mindfulness training and psychedelic intervention. In addition, suggestions how to combine the two modalities are provided.", "journal": "Pharmacological reports: PR", "publication_date": "2023-11-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s43440-023-00551-8", "pubmed_id": "37926796", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37926796/", "keywords": "Decentering, Meditation, Mindfulness, Mindfulness-based interventions, Mystical experiences, Predictive coding, Psilocybin, Psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:37", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37926796\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Mystical Experience,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1304, "title": "Intravenous psilocybin attenuates mechanical hypersensitivity in a rat model of chronic pain", "normalized_title": "intravenous psilocybin attenuates mechanical hypersensitivity in a rat model of chronic pain", "authors": "Nicholas Kolbman, Tiecheng Liu, Peter R. Guzzo, Jim Gilligan, George A. Mashour, Giancarlo Vanini, Dinesh Pal", "abstract": "There is a renewed interest in psychedelic drugs as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. In particular, psilocybin has shown promise for the treatment of refractory depression 1 and major depressive disorder 2, and has also been explored as a treatment for tobacco and alcohol abuse 3, 4. However, despite suggestive evidence 5, 6, there has been no systematic study to investigate the effectiveness of psilocybin in attenuating indices of chronic pain. To address this gap, we investigated the effect of psilocybin on mechanical hypersensitivity and thermal hyperalgesia in a well-established rat model of formalin-induced, centralized chronic pain 7, 8 and demonstrate that a single intravenous bolus administration of psilocybin can attenuate mechanical hypersensitivity for 28 days.", "journal": "Current Biology", "publication_date": "2023-11-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.016", "pubmed_id": "38113836", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.016", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Refractory (planetary science), Hallucinogen, Biology, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Astrobiology, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389891609\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389891609\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":21,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1965011560\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2198563638\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213721934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313488167\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092570228\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas Kolbman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0581-8165\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5105465839\",\"display_name\":\"Tiecheng Liu\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047963260\",\"display_name\":\"Peter R. Guzzo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4773-8052\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109633638\",\"display_name\":\"Jim Gilligan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080287940\",\"display_name\":\"George A. Mashour\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5457-5932\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082028137\",\"display_name\":\"Giancarlo Vanini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-8113\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062211145\",\"display_name\":\"Dinesh Pal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1239-5057\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S128425624\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current Biology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.016\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389891609" }, { "id": 1260, "title": "Serotonin 2A Receptor (5-HT2AR) Agonists: Psychedelics and Non-Hallucinogenic Analogues as Emerging Antidepressants.", "normalized_title": "serotonin 2a receptor 5 ht2ar agonists psychedelics and non hallucinogenic analogues as emerging antidepressants", "authors": "Duan W, Cao D, Wang S, Cheng J.", "abstract": "Psychedelics make up a group of psychoactive compounds that induce hallucinogenic effects by activating the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR). Clinical trials have demonstrated the traditional psychedelic substances like psilocybin as a class of rapid-acting and long-lasting antidepressants. However, there is a pressing need for rationally designed 5-HT2AR agonists that possess optimal pharmacological profiles in order to fully reveal the therapeutic potential of these agonists and identify safer drug candidates devoid of hallucinogenic effects. This Perspective provides an overview of the structure-activity relationships of existing 5-HT2AR agonists based on their chemical classifications and discusses recent advancements in understanding their molecular pharmacology at a structural level. The encouraging clinical outcomes of psychedelics in depression treatment have sparked drug discovery endeavors aimed at developing novel 5-HT2AR agonists with improved subtype selectivity and signaling bias properties, which could serve as safer and potentially nonhallucinogenic antidepressants. These efforts can be significantly expedited through the utilization of structure-based methods and functional selectivity-directed screening.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00375", "pubmed_id": "38033123", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00375", "keywords": "Serotonin, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38033123\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1127, "title": "Current Understanding on Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder: A Review Focusing on Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "current understanding on psilocybin for major depressive disorder a review focusing on clinical trials", "authors": "Wang SM, Kim S, Choi WS, Lim HK, Woo YS, Pae CU, Bahk WM.", "abstract": "Previous studies suggested effectiveness of psilocybin in the field of mental health. FDA designated psilocybin as a \"breakthrough therapy\" for the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in 2018. This paper provided a review of psilocybin's potential role in treatment of depression by focusing on published clinical trials. Studies showed that psilocybin, an agonist on 5-HT2A receptors, manifests antidepressant and anxiolytic effects by increasing glutamate transmission, reducing brain inflammation, decreasing default mode network activity. In terms of clinical trials, eleven studies (six open-label and five double blinded randomized clinical trials [DB-RCTs]) trials exploring psilocybin's impact on depression were found. Among open-label studies, a pilot study on TRD patients demonstrated significant reductions in depressive symptoms after two psilocybin sessions. Psilocybin also improved cognitive bias associated with depression. Extension studies confirmed sustained improvements and high remission rates. Among five DB-RCTs, two showed that psilocybin led to significant reductions in anxiety and depression in cancer patients, and the improvements sustained for over six months. In MDD, psilocybin showed rapid reductions in depression, with higher remission rates compared to escitalopram in a DB-RCT. Another DB-RCT showed that psilocybin induced higher decrease in depression around 6 hours after their administrations than placebo. The last DB-RCT showed that in patients with TRD, a single dose of psilocybin 25 mg, but not psilocybin 10 mg, resulted in superior antidepressant effect than psilocybin 1 mg. Overall, psilocybin showed promise in treating depression and anxiety, with notable safety profiles. Further research should explore optimal dosages and long-term effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.9758/cpn.23.1134", "pubmed_id": "38627070", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.23.1134", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38627070\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3629, "title": "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy in Treating Severe Depression Among Adults With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).", "normalized_title": "a randomized double blind placebo controlled study to evaluate the safety tolerability and efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy in treating severe depression among adults with post traumatic stress disorder ptsd", "authors": "Apex Labs Ltd.", "abstract": "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that may develop in people who have been exposed to a traumatic event, including actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence. Exposure to a traumatic event is defined as directly experiencing the event, learning about the event, or repeated exposure to details of the event. PTSD is often accompanied by other psychiatric and physical comorbidities, both of which are associated with elevated healthcare costs. Depression, psychosis and suicide rates are consistently reported in greater proportion of PTSD patients. Despite the overwhelming impact of PTSD and comorbid depression, there is a shortfall of effective treatments with few side effects that target the broad range of symptoms, including depression. Psilocybin has been studied for the treatment of depression, anxiety, tobacco and alcohol use disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, end of life depression and anxiety, demonstrating safety and efficacy for a variety of indications, with no significant adverse events occurring during the course of treatment and follow-up. Notably, in a participant group distinguished by long-standing, moderate to severe major depressive disorder, two doses of psilocybin-assisted therapy were found to be as effective in antidepressant effects as 6 weeks of daily escitalopram, a commonly used SSRI. Promising results found in these studies have led to psilocybin recently receiving breakthrough designation from the US FDA for its potential therapeutic effect in the treatment of depression. Based on previous research, psilocybin has demonstrated a favorable safety profile and has shown preliminary efficacy against depression as well as other symptoms that typically affect patients with PTSD. Unlike traditional SSRIs which are associated with treatment-resistance and addiction, psilocybin requires few doses to improve a wide-range of symptoms and has not been linked with physical dependence. Furthermore, the effect of other psychedelics can vary greatly and may potentially exacerbate existing conditions.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-11-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06141876", "keywords": "Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, APEX-002-A02, psilocybin, Placebo, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT06141876\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1041, "title": "Psilocybin as a lead candidate molecule in preclinical therapeutic studies of psychiatric disorders: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a lead candidate molecule in preclinical therapeutic studies of psychiatric disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Gattuso JJ, Wilson C, Hannan AJ, Renoir T.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is the main psychoactive compound found in hallucinogenic/magic mushrooms and can bind to both serotonergic and tropomyosin receptor kinase b (TrkB) receptors. Psilocybin has begun to show efficacy for a range of neuropsychiatric conditions, including treatment-resistant depression and anxiety disorders; however, neurobiological mechanisms are still being elucidated. Clinical research has found that psilocybin can alter functional connectivity patterns in human brains, which is often associated with therapeutic outcomes. However, preclinical research affords the opportunity to assess the potential cellular mechanisms by which psilocybin may exert its therapeutic effects. Preclinical rodent models can also facilitate a more tightly controlled experimental context and minimise placebo effects. Furthermore, where there is a rationale, preclinical researchers can investigate psilocybin administration in neuropsychiatric conditions that have not yet been researched clinically. As a result, we have systematically reviewed the knowledge base, identifying 82 preclinical studies which were screened based on specific criteria. This resulted in the exclusion of 44 articles, with 34 articles being included in the main review and another 2 articles included as Supporting Information materials. We found that psilocybin shows promise as a lead candidate molecule for treating a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, albeit showing the most efficacy for depression. We discuss the experimental findings, and identify possible mechanisms whereby psilocybin could invoke therapeutic changes. Furthermore, we critically evaluate the between-study heterogeneity and possible future research avenues. Our review suggests that preclinical rodent models can provide valid and translatable tools for researching novel psilocybin-induced molecular and cellular mechanisms, and therapeutic outcomes.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1111/jnc.16017", "pubmed_id": "38019032", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.16017", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38019032\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1300, "title": "Public Interest in Psilocybin and Psychedelic Therapy in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Google Trends Analysis", "normalized_title": "public interest in psilocybin and psychedelic therapy in the context of the covid 19 pandemic google trends analysis", "authors": "George Danias, Jacob M. Appel", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psychedelic substances have demonstrated promise in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Significant media coverage has been dedicated to psychedelic medicine, but it is unclear whether the public associates psilocybin with its potential therapeutic benefits. The COVID-19 pandemic led to an increase in depression, anxiety, and substance abuse in the general population. OBJECTIVE: This study attempts to link increases in interest in these disorders with increases in interest in psilocybin using Google Trends. METHODS: Weekly interest-over-time Google Trends data for 4 years, from the week of March 11, 2018, to the week of March 6, 2022, were obtained for the following terms: \"psilocybin,\" \"psychedelic therapy,\" \"cannabis,\" \"cocaine,\" \"antidepressant,\" \"depression,\" \"anxiety,\" and \"addiction.\" Important psilocybin-related news and the declaration of the pandemic were noted. Trends data for each of the queried terms were plotted, and multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the slope of the prepandemic and postpandemic data with 95% CIs. Nonparametric Tau-U analysis was performed correcting for baseline trends. Results from this test were used to make inferences about the pre- and postpandemic trends and inferences about the change in overall level of searches between the 2 groups. RESULTS: Tau values for prepandemic data were significant for stable trends, all ranging -0.4 to 0.4. Tau values for postpandemic data showed positive trends for \"psilocybin,\" \"psychedelic therapy,\" and \"antidepressant.\" All other trends remained stable in the range of -0.4 to 0.4. When comparing Tau values for pre- and postpandemic data, overall increases in relative search volume (RSV) were seen for \"psilocybin,\" \"psychedelic therapy,\" and \"anxiety,\" and overall decreases in RSV were seen for \"depression,\" \"addiction,\" and \"cocaine.\" Overall RSVs for \"cannabis\" and \"antidepressant\" remained stable as Tau values ranged between -0.4 and 0.4. In the immediate aftermath of the declaration of the pandemic, drop-offs in interest were seen for all terms except for \"anxiety\" and \"cannabis.\" After the initial shock of a global pandemic, \"psilocybin\" and \"psychedelic therapy\" groups demonstrated increases in interest trends and overall RSV. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that overall interest in \"psilocybin\" and \"psychedelic therapy\" increased at higher rates and to higher levels after than before the declaration of the pandemic. This is consistent with our hypothesis that interest increased for these treatments after the pandemic as incidence of depression, anxiety, and addiction increased. However, there may be other drivers of interest for these topics, since interest in antidepressants-the typical pharmacologic treatments for depression and anxiety-followed the expected pattern of drop-off and accelerated interest back to prepandemic levels. Interest in \"psilocybin\" and \"psychedelic therapy\" may have also been partially driven by popular culture hype and novelty, explaining why interest increased at a higher rate post pandemic and continued to grow, surpassing prior interest.", "journal": "JMIR Formative Research", "publication_date": "2023-11-27", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.2196/43850", "pubmed_id": "38064635", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/43850", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Context (archaeology), Psychiatry, Anxiety, Medicine, Pandemic, Population, Cannabis, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Psychology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Internal medicine, Environmental health, Disease, Geography, Archaeology, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Data-Driven Disease Surveillance, Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389086750\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4389086750\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":13,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2302818832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890952064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947051005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974273992\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984544870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048854679\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112173414\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134663556\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135025788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3209664063\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226018039\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229035135\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282960595\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083546838\",\"display_name\":\"George Danias\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2111-4827\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020375834\",\"display_name\":\"Jacob M. Appel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3523-9145\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210234749\",\"source_display_name\":\"JMIR Formative Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2196/43850\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4389086750" }, { "id": 1317, "title": "Psilocybin therapy to reduce depression following a terminal diagnosis", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy to reduce depression following a terminal diagnosis", "authors": "Elizabeth Boudreau, Krissa Orlowski", "abstract": "At the time this abstract was written, Elizabeth Boudreau was a student in the Medex Northwest PA program at the University of Washington School of Medicine. Krissa Orlowski is a part-time lecturer in the Medex Northwest PA program. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.", "journal": "JAAPA", "publication_date": "2023-11-20", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1097/01.jaa.0000994952.07847.2d", "pubmed_id": "37989175", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jaa.0000994952.07847.2d", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Elixir (programming language), Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Computer science, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Programming language, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388850907\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388850907\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113050966\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Boudreau\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093306450\",\"display_name\":\"Krissa Orlowski\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393917531\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAAPA\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jaa.0000994952.07847.2d\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4388850907" }, { "id": 1229, "title": "Antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities and acute toxicity evaluation of the Psilocybe cubensis mushroom in experimental models in mice.", "normalized_title": "antidepressant and anxiolytic like activities and acute toxicity evaluation of the psilocybe cubensis mushroom in experimental models in mice", "authors": "Hernandez-Leon A, Escamilla-Orozco RI, Tabal-Robles AR, Martínez-Vargas D, Romero-Bautista L, Escamilla-Soto G, González-Romero OS, Torres-Valencia M, González-Trujano ME.", "abstract": "Ethnopharmacology relevanceCentral nervous system (CNS) diseases can be diverse and usually present with comorbidity, as in the case of depression and anxiety. Despite alternatives like Psilocybe mushrooms for mental health there is no basic research to evidence their CNS benefits.Aim of the studyTo evaluate the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects, as well as the acute toxicity of P. cubensis mushroom.Material and methodsFirst, the acute toxicity (LD50) of P. cubensis (2000 mg/kg) was determined after the esophageal (p.o.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) route of administration. The rota-rod test and electroencephalogram (EEG) were included to assess CNS toxicity in free moving mice. Anxiolytic (ambulatory or exploratory and rearing behaviors) and antidepressant behavioral responses were assayed in the open-field, plus-maze, and forced swimming test, respectively, after administration of 1000 mg/kg, p.o., of the whole P. cubensis mushroom or the polar aqueous (AQ) or methanolic (MeOH) extractions (1, 10, and/or 100 mg/kg, i.p.) in comparison to the reference drugs buspirone (4 mg/kg, i.p.), fluoxetine and/or imipramine (10 mg/kg, s.c. and i.p., respectively). A chemical analysis of the AQ and MeOH extractions was performed to detect psilocybin and/or psilocin by using UHPLC.ResultsNeurotoxic effects of P. cubensis mushroom administered at high doses were absent in mice assessed in the rota-rod test or for EEG activity. A LD50 > 2000 mg/kg was calculated by p.o. or i.p. administration. While significant and/or dose-response antidepressant-like effects were produced with the whole P. cubensis mushroom, p.o., and after parenteral administration of the AQ or MeOH extractions resembling the effects of the reference drugs. Behavioral responses were associated with an anxiolytic-like effect in the open-field as corroborated in the plus-maze tests. The presence of psilocybin and psilocin was mainly characterized in the AQ extraction.ConclusionOur results provide preclinical evidence of the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of the P. cubensis mushroom without producing neurotoxicity after enteral or parenteral administration, where psilocybin and psilocin were identified mainly after AQ extraction. This study reinforces the benefits of the P. cubensis mushroom in mental health and therapy for anxiety and depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-14", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2023.117415", "pubmed_id": "37977425", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2023.117415", "keywords": "Animals, Mice, Agaricales, Methanol, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Behavior, Animal, Models, Theoretical, Psilocybe, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37977425\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 919, "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Four Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies for Adults with Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of four psychedelic assisted therapies for adults with symptoms of depression anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Bahji A, Lunsky I, Gutierrez G, Vazquez G.", "abstract": "There has been a resurgence in psychedelic research for managing psychiatric conditions in recent years. This study aimed to present a comprehensive review of the current state of the field by applying a systematic search strategy for articles on the effectiveness and tolerability of four psychedelic-assisted therapies (psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA], and ayahuasca) for adults with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Psychometric scores and adverse events were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis models with Hedges' g bias-corrected standardized mean differences (g) and rate ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Bias evaluation followed PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines. Eighteen studies were identified, which suggested that psychedelic therapies were well tolerated and presented a large effect size for the management of depression symptoms in a transdiagnostic population with psilocybin (g = -1.92, 95% CI, -2.73 to -1.11) and MDMA (g = -0.71; 95% CI, -1.39 to -0.03). These are promising results that complement the current literature. However, evidence certainty was low to very low due to methodological limitations, small sample size, blinding, study heterogeneity, and publication bias. These results also highlight the need for more adequately powered studies exploring these novel therapies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-14", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2023.2278586", "pubmed_id": "37968944", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2023.2278586", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37968944\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Aging,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3364, "title": "Aesthetic Chills Mitigate Maladaptive Cognition In Depression", "normalized_title": "aesthetic chills mitigate maladaptive cognition in depression", "authors": "Schoeller F, Jain A, Adrien V, Maes P, Reggente N.", "abstract": "Background: Depression is a major global health challenge, affecting over 300 million people worldwide. Current pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions have limited efficacy, underscoring the need for novel approaches. Emerging evidence suggests that peak emotional experiences characterized by awe, transcendence, and meaning hold promise for rapidly shifting maladaptive cognitive patterns in depression. Aesthetic chills, a peak positive emotion characterized by physical sensations such as shivers and goosebumps, may influence reward-related neural pathways and hold promise for modifying core maladaptive beliefs rooted in early adverse experiences. Methods We enrolled 96 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder. A validated database of multimedia known to elicit chills responses (ChillsDB) was used for stimulus presentation. Participants' emotional responses were assessed using the Emotional Breakthrough Inventory (EBI), while shifts in self-schema were measured via the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ). Results The study found that chill-inducing stimuli have the potential to positively influence the core schema of individuals with depression, impacting areas of self-related beliefs. The associated phenomenology triggered by chills appears to share similarities with the altered states of consciousness induced by psychedelic substances like psilocybin. Conclusions These preliminary results suggest that the biological processes involved in aesthetic chills could be harnessed as a non-pharmacological intervention for depression. However, further investigation is necessary to comprehensively understand the neurophysiological responses to chills and to evaluate the practicality, effectiveness, and safety of utilizing aesthetic chills as a preventive measure in mental health care.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2023-11-13", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3582420/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3582420/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR759273\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1334, "title": "Psychedelic Drugs or Hallucinogens: Exploring Their Medicinal Potential.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs or hallucinogens exploring their medicinal potential", "authors": "Raj P, Rauniyar S, Sapkale B.", "abstract": "Serotonergic hallucinogens also referred to as psychedelics, are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perception, mood, and cognitive processes. These substances, historically intertwined with religious and cultural rituals, offer profound effects that extend beyond mere hallucinations to profoundly altered states of consciousness. Notable compounds like Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin, potent in their action on serotonin receptors, play pivotal roles in influencing brain functions. Despite societal misconceptions that have overshadowed their potential, contemporary research increasingly recognizes their therapeutic value. These substances have shown promise in treating neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety, leveraging their influence on neuroplasticity. Furthermore, they exhibit therapeutic potential across various conditions, challenging conventional treatment methodologies. Compared to substances like alcohol, traditional psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin emerge as relatively safer substances. The modern revival of scientific interest in psychedelics necessitates a renewed perspective, viewing them not just as recreational entities but as potent therapeutic tools. Harnessing their actual value mandates rigorous scientific investigations and a receptive societal discourse. A re-evaluation of their classification following international criteria is necessary in light of this increasing understanding. Hallucinogens or psychedelic drugs, if used correctly, can potentially be potential treatments for mental illness, signalling a paradigm shift from traditional techniques. To dispel myths and use their therapeutic advantages, embracing this potential necessitates thorough scientific investigation together with an open societal discourse.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.48719", "pubmed_id": "38094517", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.48719", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38094517\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3680, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy Of Psilocybin as an Adjunctive Therapy in Participants With Treatment Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin as an adjunctive therapy in participants with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin as an Adjunctive Therapy in Participants with Treatment-Resistant Depression A recent open label study of the effects of psilocybin in participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) showed rapid significant decrease of depressive symptoms after treatment with psilocybin coupled with psychological support. Over 40% of participants sustained response at 3 months. In this study, the aim is to explore effectiveness of 25 mg of psilocybin as an adjunctive therapy in participants with TRD.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-11-08", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04739865", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMP360, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04739865\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1288, "title": "Synergistic psychedelic - NMDAR modulator treatment for neuropsychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "synergistic psychedelic nmdar modulator treatment for neuropsychiatric disorders", "authors": "Heresco-Levy U, Lerer B.", "abstract": "Modern research data suggest a therapeutic role for serotonergic psychedelics in depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders, although psychotomimetic effects may limit their widespread utilization. Serotonergic psychedelics enhance neuroplasticity via serotonin 2 A receptors (5HT2AR) activation and complex serotonergic-glutamatergic interactions involving the ionotropic glutamate receptors, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) channel antagonists, i.e. ketamine, and glycine modulatory site full and partial agonists, i.e., D-serine (DSR) and D-cycloserine (DCS), share some of these mechanisms of action and have neuroplastic and antidepressant effects. Moreover, procognitive effects have been reported for DSR and DCS and 5HT2AR-NMDAR interactions modulate neuronal excitability in prefrontal cortex and represent a target for new antipsychotics. We hypothesize that the synchronous administration of a psychedelic and a NMDAR modulator may increase the therapeutic impact of each of the treatment components and allow for dose adjustments and improved safety. We propose to initially focus research on the acute concurrent administration of psilocybin and DSR or DCS in depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-08", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-023-02312-8", "pubmed_id": "37945694", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-023-02312-8", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Ketamine, Cycloserine, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Neuronal Plasticity, Drug Synergism", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37945694\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4737, "title": "Pharmacists’ perspectives on psilocybin in Canada", "normalized_title": "pharmacists perspectives on psilocybin in canada", "authors": "Elizabeth Sugiarto, Rebecca Leung, Jamie Yuen", "abstract": "AbstractBackground Psilocybin is the main psychoactive component of a naturally occurring psychedelic organism commonly referred to as \"magic mushrooms.\" Existing literature demonstrates beneficial neurologic effects in treatment-resistant depression, cancer-associated depression and anxiety, and substance use. The evidence base for psilocybin use is on the rise with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration owing to a resurgence in clinical research. As such, pharmacists need to be adequately equipped to navigate questions from consumers and care providers. There is currently no literature describing pharmacists' perspectives on psilocybin. Evaluating pharmacists' knowledge, experiences, and opinions about psilocybin may yield beneficial and applicable data to develop educational programs and clinical tools and guide psilocybin policy making. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the interest and opinions of pharmacists on psilocybin as an emerging therapeutic option. Methods Licensed pharmacists in Canada were invited to participate in an anonymous, online, 44-item survey aimed at evaluating pharmacists' experiences, knowledge, and attitudes toward psilocybin. Recruitment for the study was done through multiple Canadian pharmacy association newsletters and via LinkedIn. Results Results showed that 73% of pharmacists lacked formal education about psilocybin. Forty percent of pharmacists had conversations about psilocybin less than once a month whereas 60% of pharmacists have never received questions about psilocybin. Furthermore, pharmacists are not comfortable with their knowledge with making recommendations (75%), monitoring (57%), or recommending doses of psilocybin (64%) to patients. Conclusion Pharmacists are open to embracing a role in psilocybin therapy and dispensing. Creation of clinical practice guidelines and increased accessibility to education materials are necessary to supplement pharmacists' knowledge on psilocybin and improve their confidence when advising patients.", "journal": "JAPhA Practice Innovations", "publication_date": "2023-11-07", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.japhpi.2023.100003", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japhpi.2023.100003", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Diverse academic research themes, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388498988\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388498988\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2342406371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560482128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903693417\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911904360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2915840194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944495881\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031570780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046661426\",\"https://openalex.org/W3097261262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120422563\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128101662\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162774823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178288974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195045424\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200571248\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214511680\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282945628\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283719838\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285793518\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W6704197872\",\"https://openalex.org/W6730589844\",\"https://openalex.org/W6759357354\",\"https://openalex.org/W6805109310\",\"https://openalex.org/W6838806287\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008229427\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth Sugiarto\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-4072\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093223772\",\"display_name\":\"Rebecca Leung\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7674-5162\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041888192\",\"display_name\":\"Jamie Yuen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5020-4285\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387997708\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAPhA Practice Innovations\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japhpi.2023.100003\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4388498988" }, { "id": 1319, "title": "Interaction of hallucinogenic rapid-acting antidepressants with mGlu2/3 receptor ligands as a window for more effective therapies.", "normalized_title": "interaction of hallucinogenic rapid acting antidepressants with mglu2 3 receptor ligands as a window for more effective therapies", "authors": "Chruścicka-Smaga B, Machaczka A, Szewczyk B, Pilc A.", "abstract": "The desire to find a gold-standard therapy for depression is still ongoing. Developing one universal and effective pharmacotherapy remains troublesome due to the high complexity and variety of symptoms. Over the last decades, the understanding of the mechanism of pathophysiology of depression and its key consequences for brain functioning have undergone significant changes, referring to the monoaminergic theory of the disease. After the breakthrough discovery of ketamine, research began to focus on the modulation of glutamatergic transmission as a new pharmacological target. Glutamate is a crucial player in mechanisms of a novel class of antidepressants, including hallucinogens such as ketamine. The role of glutamatergic transmission is also suggested in the antidepressant (AD) action of scopolamine and psilocybin. Despite fast, robust, and sustained AD action hallucinogens belonging to a group of rapid-acting antidepressants (RAA) exert significant undesired effects, which hamper their use in the clinic. Thus, the synergistic action of more than one substance in lower doses instead of monotherapy may alleviate the likelihood of adverse effects while improving therapeutic outcomes. In this review, we explore AD-like behavioral, synaptic, and molecular action of RAAs such as ketamine, scopolamine, and psilocybin, in combination with mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-06", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s43440-023-00547-4", "pubmed_id": "37932583", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-023-00547-4", "keywords": "Ketamine, Scopolamine, Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37932583\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1318, "title": "The possible place for psychedelics in pharmacotherapy of mental disorders.", "normalized_title": "the possible place for psychedelics in pharmacotherapy of mental disorders", "authors": "Wojtas A.", "abstract": "Since its emergence in the 1960s, the serotonergic theory of depression bore fruit in the discovery of a plethora of antidepressant drugs affecting the lives of millions of patients. While crucial in the history of drug development, recent studies undermine the effectiveness of currently used antidepressant drugs in comparison to placebo, emphasizing the long time it takes to initiate the therapeutic response and numerous adverse effects. Thus, the scope of contemporary pharmacological research shifts from drugs affecting the serotonin system to rapid-acting antidepressant drugs. The prototypical representative of the aforementioned class is ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist capable of alleviating the symptoms of depression shortly after the drug administration. This discovery led to a paradigm shift, focusing on amino-acidic neurotransmitters and growth factors. Alas, the drug is not perfect, as its therapeutic effect diminishes circa 2 weeks after administration. Furthermore, it is not devoid of some severe side effects. However, there seems to be another, more efficient, and safer way to target the glutamatergic system. Hallucinogenic agonists of the 5-HT2A receptor, commonly known as psychedelics, are nowadays being reconsidered in clinical practice, shedding their infamous 1970s stigma. More and more clinical studies prove their clinical efficacy and rapid onset after a single administration while bearing fewer side effects. This review focuses on the current state-of-the-art literature and most recent clinical studies concerning the use of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of mental disorders. Specifically, the antidepressant potential of LSD, psilocybin, DMT, and 5-MeO-DMT will be discussed, together with a brief summary of other possible applications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-06", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s43440-023-00550-9", "pubmed_id": "37934320", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-023-00550-9", "keywords": "Humans, Serotonin, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37934320\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1337, "title": "LSD and psilocybin for chronic nociplastic pain: A narrative review of the literature supporting the use of classic psychedelic agents in chronic pain.", "normalized_title": "lsd and psilocybin for chronic nociplastic pain a narrative review of the literature supporting the use of classic psychedelic agents in chronic pain", "authors": "Van Der Walt J, Parker R.", "abstract": "Healthcare providers face the challenging task of managing patients who suffer from chronic nociplastic pain conditions. Pain is a multidimensional experience, and the current approach to managing people in chronic pain often fails to meet the needs of these patients. Novel ways of treating people who suffer from chronic nociplastic pain with classic psychedelic agents may offer a new lens through which to approach their pain. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin are both serotonergic agents with a long history of use in treating people with chronic pain and mental health disorders. The new wave of research into psychedelics for major depressive disorder provides an opportunity to investigate and understand the potential for incorporating these drugs into chronic pain management pathways. This narrative review presents healthcare workers with a framework to understand the method of action of these drugs in chronic nociplastic pain pathways and a brief history into their use. We conducted an online search using Pubmed with keywords 'chronic pain' AND/OR 'psilocybin' AND/OR 'lysergic acid diethylamide' AND/OR 'psychedelics' with no date limit applied. We identified further articles that contained information on the neuroscience of psychedelics and the serotonergic system using Google Scholar. During the final stages of writing the article, the latest publications on psychedelics and chronic pain in leading pain journals were again included to update the information.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-11-05", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.7196/samj.2023.v113i11.814", "pubmed_id": "38525640", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i11.814", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, South Africa, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38525640\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Review Article,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1336, "title": "Beyond the 5-HT2A Receptor: Classic and Nonclassic Targets in Psychedelic Drug Action.", "normalized_title": "beyond the 5 ht2a receptor classic and nonclassic targets in psychedelic drug action", "authors": "Cameron LP, Benetatos J, Lewis V, Bonniwell EM, Jaster AM, Moliner R, Castrén E, McCorvy JD, Palner M, Aguilar-Valles A.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin and LSD, have garnered significant attention in recent years for their potential therapeutic effects and unique mechanisms of action. These compounds exert their primary effects through activating serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, found predominantly in cortical regions. By interacting with these receptors, serotonergic psychedelics induce alterations in perception, cognition, and emotions, leading to the characteristic psychedelic experience. One of the most crucial aspects of serotonergic psychedelics is their ability to promote neuroplasticity, the formation of new neural connections, and rewire neuronal networks. This neuroplasticity is believed to underlie their therapeutic potential for various mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. In this mini-review, we will discuss how the 5-HT2A receptor activation is just one facet of the complex mechanisms of action of serotonergic psychedelics. They also interact with other serotonin receptor subtypes, such as 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors, and with neurotrophin receptors (e.g., tropomyosin receptor kinase B). These interactions contribute to the complexity of their effects on perception, mood, and cognition. Moreover, as psychedelic research advances, there is an increasing interest in developing nonhallucinogenic derivatives of these drugs to create safer and more targeted medications for psychiatric disorders by removing the hallucinogenic properties while retaining the potential therapeutic benefits. These nonhallucinogenic derivatives would offer patients therapeutic advantages without the intense psychedelic experience, potentially reducing the risks of adverse reactions. Finally, we discuss the potential of psychedelics as substrates for post-translational modification of proteins as part of their mechanism of action.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-10-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1523/jneurosci.1384-23.2023", "pubmed_id": "37940583", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1384-23.2023", "keywords": "Humans, Serotonin, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37940583\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4744, "title": "Single dose of psilocybin improves depressive symptoms in Phase 2 study", "normalized_title": "single dose of psilocybin improves depressive symptoms in phase 2 study", "authors": "", "abstract": "A single 25-mg dose of psilocybin administered with psychological support led to significant and sustained improvement in depressive symptoms compared with placebo in a Phase 2 study of patients with major depressive disorder. A higher number of adverse events occurred in the psilocybin group, but no serious treatment-emergent adverse events were reported. Study results were published online Aug. 31, 2023, in JAMA.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2023-10-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31093", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31093", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Placebo, Medicine, Depressive symptoms, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Depression (economics), Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Cognition, Alternative medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388023533\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388023533\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31093\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4388023533" }, { "id": 3798, "title": "A protocol for a scoping review of psychedelic interventions to alleviate psychological suffering in populations coping with end-of-life issues", "normalized_title": "a protocol for a scoping review of psychedelic interventions to alleviate psychological suffering in populations coping with end of life issues", "authors": "Kratina S, Lo C, Schwartz R, Strike C, Jopling S, Nayfeh A, Rush B.", "abstract": "ABSTRACTBackground: Psychedelic substances are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential to ease psychological suffering linked to end-of-life issues. However, amid renewed scientific and public interest, policy remains restrictive. Existing reviews have made progress in synthesizing the results of studies of psychedelic interventions, especially psilocybin, and particularly with regard to their outcomes related to anxiety and depression, long-term effects and safety. Despite this progress, there has been a wide range of both substances and therapeutic approaches in the use of psychedelic interventions in end-of-life populations, of which there has been a paucity of research undertaken to learn from this variety. Aim: The aim of this scoping review is to comprehensively explore the literature on the range of therapeutic psychedelic interventions that have been reported in populations coping with life-threatening illness and the end-of-life. Methods: We will follow Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework for scoping reviews while incorporating updated methodological guidance. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline will be used to organize the search and identification of research focusing on psychedelic interventions, psychological suffering, and end-of-life issues. Data extracted from selected studies will cover intervention details, participant characteristics, measured outcomes, theorised mechanisms, and sociocultural contextual factors.Contribution: The insights gained from this review will be used to inform discussions about the role of psychedelic interventions in populations coping with end-of-life concerns.Ethics and Dissemination: This scoping review does not require ethics approval. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conferences as well as shared with stakeholders.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-10-26", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/4gfyd", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/4gfyd", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:22", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR749041\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3369, "title": "A protocol for a scoping review of psychedelic interventions to alleviate psychological suffering in populations coping with end-of-life issues", "normalized_title": "a protocol for a scoping review of psychedelic interventions to alleviate psychological suffering in populations coping with end of life issues", "authors": "", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Background: Psychedelic substances are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential to ease psychological suffering linked to end-of-life issues. However, amid renewed scientific and public interest, policy remains restrictive. Existing reviews have made progress in synthesizing the results of studies of psychedelic interventions, especially psilocybin, and particularly with regard to their outcomes related to anxiety and depression, long-term effects and safety. Despite this progress, there has been a wide range of both substances and therapeutic approaches in the use of psychedelic interventions in end-of-life populations, of which there has been a paucity of research undertaken to learn from this variety. Aim: The aim of this scoping review is to comprehensively explore the literature on the range of therapeutic psychedelic interventions that have been reported in populations coping with life-threatening illness and the end-of-life. Methods: We will follow Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework for scoping reviews while incorporating updated methodological guidance. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline will be used to organize the search and identification of research focusing on psychedelic interventions, psychological suffering, and end-of-life issues. Data extracted from selected studies will cover intervention details, participant characteristics, measured outcomes, theorised mechanisms, and sociocultural contextual factors. Contribution: The insights gained from this review will be used to inform discussions about the role of psychedelic interventions in populations coping with end-of-life concerns. Ethics and Dissemination: This scoping review does not require ethics approval. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conferences as well as shared with stakeholders.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-10-26", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/4gfyd_v1", "keywords": "end of life, existential distress, life-threatening illness, psychedelic-assisted therapy, psychedelics, psychological suffering, scoping review protocol, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"4gfyd_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4746, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of PTSD in UK armed forces veterans: A feasibility study protocol", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of ptsd in uk armed forces veterans a feasibility study protocol", "authors": "Natasha Biscoe, Amanda Bonson, Max Slavin, Walter Busuttil, Deirdre MacManus, Andrew T. Cox, Dominic Murphy", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation", "publication_date": "2023-10-24", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.ejtd.2023.100359", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2023.100359", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Psychology, Mental health, Psychotherapist, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Cognitive therapy, Posttraumatic stress, Cognition, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387941143\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387941143\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1514491136\",\"https://openalex.org/W1592541845\",\"https://openalex.org/W1899223624\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984534015\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985329916\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034106456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037020348\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053015387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067271431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110608362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117207767\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2183110699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271932166\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2420933235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768866371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769510074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883003988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884859892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892364332\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895867878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897508326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967952821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969621865\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992322507\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112173414\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129584613\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133450788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166611932\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169261903\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205506305\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212983967\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221122863\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224257950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283814245\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4304588955\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"https://openalex.org/W4372336620\",\"https://openalex.org/W6637985026\",\"https://openalex.org/W6717743309\",\"https://openalex.org/W6721119230\",\"https://openalex.org/W6832126151\",\"https://openalex.org/W6845689269\",\"https://openalex.org/W6850777613\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023338509\",\"display_name\":\"Natasha Biscoe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3471-6472\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055763478\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Bonson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8222-7708\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113031108\",\"display_name\":\"Max Slavin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084287521\",\"display_name\":\"Walter Busuttil\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055983373\",\"display_name\":\"Deirdre MacManus\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4903-9638\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013395691\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew T. Cox\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5664-6503\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062361980\",\"display_name\":\"Dominic Murphy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-6603\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898461278\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2023.100359\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Veterans", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387941143" }, { "id": 2991, "title": "Ethopharmacological evaluation of antidepressant-like effect of serotonergic psychedelics in C57BL/6J male mice.", "normalized_title": "ethopharmacological evaluation of antidepressant like effect of serotonergic psychedelics in c57bl 6j male mice", "authors": "Takaba R, Ibi D, Yoshida K, Hosomi E, Kawase R, Kitagawa H, Goto H, Achiwa M, Mizutani K, Maeda K, González-Maeso J, Kitagaki S, Hiramatsu M.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and DOI exert a hallucinatory effect through serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2A) activation. Recent studies have revealed that serotonergic psychedelics have therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive and anxiety-related disorders. However, the involvement of 5-HT2A in mediating the therapeutic effects of these drugs remains unclear. In this study, we ethopharmacologically analyzed the role of 5-HT2A in the occurrence of anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocin, an active metabolite of psilocybin, DOI, and TCB-2 in mice 24 h post-treatment. Mice with acute intraperitoneal psychedelic treatment exhibited significantly shorter immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail-suspension test (TST) than vehicle-treated control mice. These effects were eliminated by pretreatment with volinanserin, a 5-HT2A antagonist. Surprisingly, the decreasing immobility time in the FST in response to acute psilocin treatment was sustained for at least three weeks. In the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), the latency to feed, an indicator of anxiety-like behavior, was decreased by acute administration of psilocin; however, pretreatment with volinanserin did not diminish this effect. In contrast, DOI and TCB-2 did not affect the NSFT performance in mice. Furthermore, psilocin, DOI, and TCB-2 treatment did not affect the spontaneous locomotor activity or head-twitch response, a hallucination-like behavior in rodents. These results suggest that 5-HT2A contributes to the antidepressant effects of serotonergic psychedelics rather than anxiolytic effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-10-23", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s00210-023-02778-x", "pubmed_id": "37874338", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02778-x", "keywords": "Animals, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Amphetamines, Methylamines, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Behavior, Animal, Depression, Motor Activity, Swimming, Male, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 07:01:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37874338\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1323, "title": "Cardiovascular safety of psychedelic medicine: current status and future directions.", "normalized_title": "cardiovascular safety of psychedelic medicine current status and future directions", "authors": "Wsół A.", "abstract": "Psychedelics are powerful psychoactive substances that alter perception and mood processes. Their effectiveness in the treatment of psychiatric diseases was known before their prohibition. An increasing number of recent studies, due to the indisputable resurgence of serotonergic hallucinogens, have shown their efficacy in alleviating depression, anxiety, substance abuse therapies, and existential distress treatment in patients facing life-threatening illness. Psychedelics are generally considered to be physiologically safe with low toxicity and low addictive potential. However, their agonism at serotonergic receptors should be considered in the context of possible serotonin-related cardiotoxicity (5-HT2A/2B and 5-HT4 receptors), influence on platelet aggregation (5-HT2A receptor), and their proarrhythmic potential. The use of psychedelics has also been associated with significant sympathomimetic effects in both experimental and clinical studies. Therefore, the present review aims to provide a critical discussion of the cardiovascular safety of psilocybin, d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine, ayahuasca, and mescaline, based on the results of experimental research and clinical trials in humans. Experimental studies provide inconsistent information on the potential cardiovascular effects and toxicity of psychedelics. Data from clinical trials point to the relative cardiovascular safety of psychedelic-assisted therapies in the population of \"healthy\" volunteers. However, there is insufficient evidence from therapies carried out with microdoses of psychedelics, and there is still a lack of data on the safety of psychedelics in the population of patients with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the exact determination of the cardiovascular safety of psychedelic therapies (especially long-term therapies) requires further research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-10-23", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s43440-023-00539-4", "pubmed_id": "37874530", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-023-00539-4", "keywords": "Humans, Mescaline, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37874530\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4749, "title": "Is psilocybin effective for treatment of depression?", "normalized_title": "is psilocybin effective for treatment of depression", "authors": "Lucia Carbajal, Tessa E. Moore, R. H. Barry Sample, Joseph Nelson", "abstract": "Carbajal, Lucia MD; Moore, Tessa MD; Sample, Reise MD; Nelson, Joseph MD Author Information", "journal": "Evidence-Based Practice", "publication_date": "2023-10-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1097/ebp.0000000000002021", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000002021", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Medicine, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387880074\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387880074\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031389498\",\"display_name\":\"Lucia Carbajal\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019125265\",\"display_name\":\"Tessa E. Moore\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109043052\",\"display_name\":\"R. H. Barry Sample\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010602502\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Nelson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5155-6998\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764556570\",\"source_display_name\":\"Evidence-Based Practice\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000002021\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387880074" }, { "id": 1218, "title": "Psilocybin, an Effective Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder in Adults - A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin an effective treatment for major depressive disorder in adults a systematic review", "authors": "Watford T, Masood N.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a classical psychedelic which has been utilised for healing purposes for millenia. However, with its classification as a Schedule I substance, research into this compound is scarce with few FDA-approved clinical studies. Despite this, profound findings into its antidepressant effects (largely through its action on 5-HT1a receptors) in mental illnesses such as major depressive disorder have rapidly increased interest back into their potential therapeutic benefits. This systematic review provides an analysis of the studies examining the clinical use of psilocybin for major depressive disorder. In total 6 studies were selected, including 319 participants, with half being randomised controlled trials and half open label trials. In every study psychological support was included as an integral part of the treatment. It was found that every study significantly favoured the use of psilocybin in reducing depressive symptoms, with few side effects. This gives psilocybin an advantage over commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which carry more risk and cause more adverse effects. This drug therefore shows promise for being used as a clinical treatment for major depressive disorder, however future research should develop a paradigm for its use, with the timing of sessions and type of psychological support specified to allow for more precise analysis of the clinical effects of the drug. Additionally, more studies into its clinical efficacy are needed for appropriate detection of any publication bias. With this, psilocybin could prove to be revolutionary in treating depression and become an alternative medication to SSRIs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-10-15", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.9758/cpn.23.1120", "pubmed_id": "38247407", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.23.1120", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"38247407\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4751, "title": "Repurposing of recreational drugs: will these new ‘medicines’ (e.g., psychedelics, psilocybin, cannabinoids, LSD, MDMA, ketamine) deliver short- or longer-term benefits for those with depressive or other mood disorders?", "normalized_title": "repurposing of recreational drugs will these new medicines e g psychedelics psilocybin cannabinoids lsd mdma ketamine deliver short or longer term benefits for those with depressive or other mood disorders", "authors": "Ian B. Hickie, Allan H. Young, F. Markus Leweke", "abstract": "In recent years, there has been considerable enthusiasm among research groups focused on developing novel therapies for treatment-resistant depression, and a wider community that has had experiences using recreational drugs, in more systematic evaluation of the therapeutic value of these compounds (Goodwin et al., 2022; Young, 2023). This has also been associated with advocacy for decriminalization, legalization and possible public licensing for their ‘medicinal’ use (Siegel et al., 2023).", "journal": "Research Directions Depression", "publication_date": "2023-10-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1017/dep.2023.21", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/dep.2023.21", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MDMA, Hallucinogen, Ecstasy, Repurposing, Mescaline, Pharmacology, Recreational Drug, Ketamine, Psychiatry, Medicine, Drug, Psychology, Ecology, Biology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387617056\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387617056\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385442122\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069078473\",\"display_name\":\"Ian B. Hickie\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8832-9895\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073016358\",\"display_name\":\"F. Markus Leweke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8163-195X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387997627\",\"source_display_name\":\"Research Directions Depression\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/dep.2023.21\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387617056" }, { "id": 4752, "title": "Assessing Metro Vancouver Residents’ Knowledge and Opinions of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "assessing metro vancouver residents knowledge and opinions of psilocybin", "authors": "Payman Baharmand, Amardeep Kambo", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring hallucinogen found in different species of fungi. Psilocybin has gained extensive social popularity and political attention in the United States. Research has shown that psilocybin and psychological therapy may have promising therapeutic applications for safer and more effective treatment of mental illnesses such as major depressive disorder, addiction, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psilocybin remains an illegal substance in Canada, and the current data on awareness, opinions, and use of psilocybin among Canadian adults are subpar. Further research on the health effects and clinical use of psilocybin is needed before any conclusions can be made. Addressing the current lack of reliable information about psilocybin among Canadians would be a sensible start.", "journal": "BCIT Environmental Public Health Journal", "publication_date": "2023-10-11", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.47339/ephj.2023.229", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.47339/ephj.2023.229", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Addiction, Psychology, Obsessive compulsive, Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387616208\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387616208\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889566085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945209116\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007315114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007379062\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092151265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3114414169\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213562265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205164075\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221018864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283719838\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285605468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4289518537\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293835079\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093059221\",\"display_name\":\"Payman Baharmand\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093059222\",\"display_name\":\"Amardeep Kambo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210237082\",\"source_display_name\":\"BCIT Environmental Public Health Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.47339/ephj.2023.229\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387616208" }, { "id": 1342, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Haikazian S, Chen-Li DCJ, Johnson DE, Fancy F, Levinta A, Husain MI, Mansur RB, McIntyre RS, Rosenblat JD.", "abstract": "The aim of this review was to determine the effect of psilocybin on depressive symptoms in patients diagnosed with life-threatening illnesses or major depressive disorder. Systematic searches were conducted to search for randomized clinical trials and open-label trials that evaluated depression symptoms after psilocybin therapy. Data was pooled using a random-effects model. The primary outcome was the standardized mean difference (SMD) in depression severity, determined by calculating the change in depression ratings from baseline to the primary endpoint in the psilocybin arm versus the control arm. The literature search yielded 1734 studies, and 13 studies (n = 686) were included in either qualitative and/or quantitative analyses. The meta-analysis included 9 studies (pooled n = 596) and yielded a large effect size in favour of psilocybin (SMD = -0.78; p", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-10-10", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115531", "pubmed_id": "37844352", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115531", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37844352\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4753, "title": "Psilocybin, Depression, and Synaptogenesis: Insights into the Field’s Past, Present, and Future", "normalized_title": "psilocybin depression and synaptogenesis insights into the field s past present and future", "authors": "Anna Douglas, Daniel Staas, Anna Hampton, Kylie Burns, F. Suter", "abstract": "Depression remains one the most commonly diagnosed mental health disorders in the United States. The Food and Drug Administration granted psilocybin breakthrough therapy status four years ago as a possible solution to this pervasive disorder. Since then, psilocybin, and hallucinogens in general, have produced promising results as alternatives to classical antidepressants. As more research confirms psilocybin’s potential therapeutic effect, research surrounding the mechanistic action of these 5-HT2A receptor agonists has increased as well. Hallucinogens have different downstream effects compared to non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A receptor agonists, including the formation of a 5-HT2A receptor and metabotropic glutamate receptor complex. Psilocybin’s unique synaptogenic effect may play a role in its therapeutic effect for major depressive disorder; however, the underlying mechanism by which synaptogenesis is induced upon psilocybin administration has not been explored. Psilocybin’s distinctive upregulation of transcription factors, such as egr-2, c-fos, and brain-derived neurotrophic factors, and its connection with the TrkB signaling pathway, may be the answer to this unexplained mechanism.", "journal": "Georgetown Scientific Research Journal", "publication_date": "2023-10-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.48091/gsr.v3i2.62", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.48091/gsr.v3i2.62", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Neuroscience, Synaptogenesis, Psychology, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387521317\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387521317\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W64167353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004874491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024942419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047342629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064983289\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067481209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085598752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085685373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089436854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110795584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131612987\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139565721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2291443053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744015991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793761191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2805187573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933363539\",\"https://openalex.org/W3123138937\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213007658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297522390\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109645729\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Douglas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093041440\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Staas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5093041441\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Hampton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082120777\",\"display_name\":\"Kylie Burns\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9303-2252\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111000385\",\"display_name\":\"F. Suter\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5407055895\",\"source_display_name\":\"Georgetown Scientific Research Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.48091/gsr.v3i2.62\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387521317" }, { "id": 3188, "title": "Synergistic, Multi-level Understanding of Psychedelics: Three Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Their Pharmacology, Neuroimaging and Phenomenology", "normalized_title": "synergistic multi level understanding of psychedelics three systematic reviews and meta analyses of their pharmacology neuroimaging and phenomenology", "authors": "Shinozuka K, Jerotic K, Mediano P, Zhao AT, Preller KH, Carhart-Harris R, Kringelbach ML.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics induce altered states of consciousness and have shown potential for treating a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression and addiction. Yet their modes of action are not fully understood. Here, we provide a novel, synergistic understanding of psychedelics arising from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of three hierarchical levels of analysis: 1) subjective experience (phenomenology), 2) neuroimaging and 3) molecular pharmacology. Phenomenologically, medium and high doses of LSD yield significantly higher ratings of visionary restructuralisation than psilocybin on the 5-dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Scale. Our neuroimaging results reveal that, in general, psychedelics significantly strengthen between-network functional connectivity (FC) while significantly diminishing within-network FC. Pharmacologically, LSD induces significantly more inositol phosphate formation at the 5-HT2A receptor than DMT and psilocin, yet there are no significant between-drug differences in the selectivity of psychedelics for the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, or D2 receptors, relative to the 5-HT1A receptor. Our meta-analyses link DMT, LSD, and psilocybin to specific neural fingerprints at each level of analysis. The results show a highly non-linear relationship between these fingerprints. Overall, our analysis highlighted the high heterogeneity and risk of bias in the literature. This suggests an urgent need for standardising experimental procedures and analysis techniques, as well as for more research on the emergence between different levels of psychedelic effects.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-10-06", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.10.06.561183", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.06.561183", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR738055\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4755, "title": "Psilocybin shows promising results in subjects continuing to use an antidepressant", "normalized_title": "psilocybin shows promising results in subjects continuing to use an antidepressant", "authors": "", "abstract": "Ongoing antidepressant treatment is believed to alter the psychedelic effect of psilocybin, so most psilocybin trials have required withdrawal from antidepressants before enrollment. There has been recent evidence, however, that administration of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) does not significantly alter the acute subjective effects of psilocybin. A Phase 2 open-label trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of a single dose of psilocybin with psychological support as adjunctive treatment to an SSRI in adults with treatment-resistant depression. Outpatients who met DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder and had experienced inadequate response to 2 to 4 antidepressant treatments in the current episode were eligible for inclusion. Participants received a single dose of psilocybin 25 mg during a 6- to 8-hour session accompanied by a therapist who did not actively guide participants. Up to three weeks of follow-up occurred in order to monitor safety and efficacy. Among the safety outcomes were incidence of adverse events, scores on laboratory tests, and change from baseline in suicidality. The primary efficacy outcome was change from baseline to 3 weeks post-administration in total score on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Nineteen participants completed the study. Twelve participants experienced a total of 17 treatment-emergent adverse events, none of which were considered serious. No reports of active suicidal ideation occurred. Participants showed a clinically meaningful change from baseline on the primary efficacy measure, with improvement apparent by day 2 of the study. A total of 42.1% of participants achieved response as measured by the MADRS at week 3. Improvements in anxiety and quality of life were reported. [Goodwin, G., et al. (2023). Neuropsychopharmacol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7]", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2023-10-03", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31089", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31089", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Psychology, Computer science, Medicine, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387361294\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387361294\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31089\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387361294" }, { "id": 4760, "title": "DOES THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF THE PSILOCYBIN EXPERIENCE PREDICT LONG-TERM EFFECTS ON MOOD AND WELL-BEING IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS?", "normalized_title": "does the phenomenology of the psilocybin experience predict long term effects on mood and well being in healthy volunteers", "authors": "Tomáš Páleníček, Tereza Klučková, M. Nikolič, Čestmír Vejmola, Filip Tylš, Vojtěch Viktorin, Jiřı́ Horáček, Martin Brunovský", "abstract": "INTRODUCTION: The mechanisms by which the psychedelic drug psilocybin, a novel rapid-acting antidepressant, improves depressive symptoms are still unclear. One candidate mechanism is the impact of the phenomenology of the psychedelic experience, with positive phenomenology hypothesised to be associated with positive long-term outcomes and fearful phenomenology hypothesised to be associated with negative long-term outcomes. The present study investigated how phenomenology influences long-term effects on mood, spirituality, and relationships with self, life, and others following single and repeated experiences in healthy volunteers.", "journal": "IBRO Neuroscience Reports", "publication_date": "2023-09-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.08.1240", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.08.1240", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Phenomenology (philosophy), Mood, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Term (time), Psychoanalysis, Cognitive psychology, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Philosophy, Epistemology, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Health and Well-being Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388363682\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4388363682\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056888000\",\"display_name\":\"Tomáš Páleníček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-9539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016041833\",\"display_name\":\"Tereza Klučková\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0335-6201\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010574775\",\"display_name\":\"M. Nikolič\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2564-7287\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009033234\",\"display_name\":\"Čestmír Vejmola\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6434-5978\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012044574\",\"display_name\":\"Filip Tylš\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-6999\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091098247\",\"display_name\":\"Vojtěch Viktorin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0801-2244\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012893465\",\"display_name\":\"Jiřı́ Horáček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-7306\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077855950\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Brunovský\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-0848\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210237554\",\"source_display_name\":\"IBRO Neuroscience Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.08.1240\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4388363682" }, { "id": 3728, "title": "Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: past, present, and future.", "normalized_title": "neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development past present and future", "authors": "Wall MB, Harding R, Zafar R, Rabiner EA, Nutt DJ, Erritzoe D.", "abstract": "Psychedelic therapy (PT) is an emerging paradigm with great transdiagnostic potential for treating psychiatric disorders, including depression, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, and potentially others. 'Classic' serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), which have a key locus of action at the 5-HT2A receptor, form the main focus of this movement, but substances including ketamine, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and ibogaine also hold promise. The modern phase of development of these treatment modalities in the early 21st century has occurred concurrently with the wider use of advanced human neuroscientific research methods; principally neuroimaging. This can potentially enable assessment of drug and therapy brain effects with greater precision and quantification than any previous novel development in psychiatric pharmacology. We outline the major trends in existing data and suggest the modern development of PT has benefitted greatly from the use of neuroimaging. Important gaps in existing knowledge are identified, namely: the relationship between acute drug effects and longer-term (clinically-relevant) effects, the precise characterisation of effects at the 5-HT2A receptor and relationships with functional/clinical effects, and the possible impact of these compounds on neuroplasticity. A road-map for future research is laid out, outlining clinical studies which will directly address these three questions, principally using combined Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods, plus other adjunct techniques. Multimodal (PET/MRI) studies using modern PET techniques such as the 5-HT2A-selective ligand [11 C]Cimbi-36 (and other ligands sensitive to neuroplasticity changes) alongside MRI measures of brain function would provide a 'molecular-functional-clinical bridge' in understanding. Such results would help to resolve some of these questions and provide a firmer foundation for the ongoing development of PT.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-09-26", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1038/s41380-023-02271-0", "pubmed_id": "37759038", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-023-02271-0", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Neuroimaging, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:08:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37759038\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3300, "title": "Psilocybin kann offenbar Depressionen lindern", "normalized_title": "psilocybin kann offenbar depressionen lindern", "authors": "Thomas Müller", "abstract": "", "journal": "MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin", "publication_date": "2023-09-26", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s15006-023-3025-6", "pubmed_id": "37758991", "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15006-023-3025-6", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387081757\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4387081757\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092951446\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Müller\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S25652865\",\"source_display_name\":\"MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15006-023-3025-6\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4387081757" }, { "id": 3667, "title": "Effects and Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin in Alcohol Dependence", "normalized_title": "effects and therapeutic potential of psilocybin in alcohol dependence", "authors": "University of New Mexico", "abstract": "This trial is an open-label pilot study (N = 10) designed to assess the effects of psilocybin in alcohol dependent participants, demonstrate the feasibility of the integrated behavioral/pharmacologic intervention, and provide preliminary outcome and safety data. Participants will receive psilocybin orally in two all-day administration sessions, conducted in a secure outpatient psychiatric setting, in a dose range that has been well-tolerated in recent studies. Psilocybin administration will occur in the context of a behavioral intervention including a total of 12 sessions over 12 weeks, incorporating Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET (Miller, Zweben et al. 1992; Miller 1995), based on Motivational Interviewing (Miller and Rollnick 2002)) with booster sessions, as well as preparation before and debriefing after the psilocybin administration sessions. The MET will incorporate attention to spirituality as well as drinking behavior as a primary subject of change. Drinking outcomes and changes in several potential mediators of treatment effect, including motivation, self-efficacy, craving, depression, anxiety, and spiritual dimensions of the experience, will be measured during treatment and for 24 weeks after the end of treatment. The investigators hypothesize that drinking will decrease following the psilocybin sessions, and that increases in motivation, self-efficacy, and spirituality (primary contrast 12 weeks vs. baseline) will be observed among study participants.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-09-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01534494", "keywords": "Alcohol Dependence, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT01534494\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Spirituality,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1369, "title": "A suite of engineered mice for interrogating psychedelic drug actions", "normalized_title": "a suite of engineered mice for interrogating psychedelic drug actions", "authors": "Chiu Y, Deutch AY, Wang W, Schmitz GP, Huang KL, Kocak DD, Llorach P, Bowyer K, Liu B, Sciaky N, Hua K, Chen C, Mott SE, Niehaus J, DiBerto JF, English J, Walsh JJ, Scherrer G, Herman MA, Wu Z, Wetsel WC, Roth BL.", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Psychedelic drugs like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin have emerged as potentially transformative therapeutics for many neuropsychiatric diseases, including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, migraine, and cluster headaches. LSD and psilocybin exert their psychedelic effects via activation of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (HTR2A). Here we provide a suite of engineered mice useful for clarifying the role of HTR2A and HTR2A-expressing neurons in psychedelic drug actions. We first generated Htr2a -EGFP-CT-IRES-CreERT2 mice (CT:C-terminus) to independently identify both HTR2A-EGFP-CT receptors and HTR2A-containing cells thereby providing a detailed anatomical map of HTR2A and identifying cell types that express HTR2A. We also generated a humanized Htr2a mouse line and an additional constitutive Htr2A -Cre mouse line. Psychedelics induced a variety of known behavioral changes in our mice validating their utility for behavioral studies. Finally, electrophysiology studies revealed that extracellular 5-HT elicited a HTR2A-mediated robust increase in firing of genetically-identified pyramidal neurons--consistent with a plasma membrane localization and mode of action. These mouse lines represent invaluable tools for elucidating the molecular, cellular, pharmacological, physiological, behavioral, and other actions of psychedelic drugs in vivo.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-09-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.09.25.559347", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.09.25.559347", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR730960\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Headache / Migraine,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3150, "title": "Limbic System Response to Psilocybin and Ketamine Administration in Rats: A Neurochemical and Behavioral Study", "normalized_title": "limbic system response to psilocybin and ketamine administration in rats a neurochemical and behavioral study", "authors": "Wojtas A, Bysiek A, Wawrzczak-Bargiela A, Maćkowiak M, Gołembiowska K.", "abstract": "Pathophysiology of depression is related with reduced volume of the hippocampus and amygdala and hypertrophy of the nucleus accumbens. The mechanism of these changes is not well under-stood, but clinical studies have shown that administration of the fast-acting antidepressant keta-mine reversed the decrease in hippocampus and amygdala volume in depressed patients, and the magnitude of this effect correlated with the reduction of depressive symptoms. In the present study, we attempted to find out whether the psychedelic substance psilocybin affects neurotransmission in the limbic system in comparison to ketamine. Psilocybin and ketamine increased the release of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) in the nucleus accumbens of naive rats as demonstrated using microdialysis. Both drugs influenced glutamate and GABA release in the nucleus accumbens, hippocampus and amygdala and increased ACh levels in the hippocampus. The changes in D2, 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor density in the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus was observed as a long-lasting effect. A marked anxiolytic effect of psilocybin in acute phase and 24 h post-treatment was shown in the open field test. These data provide the neurobiological background for psilocybin effect on stress, anxiety and structural changes in the limbic system and translate into antidepres-sant effect of psilocybin in depressed patients.", "journal": "Preprints.org", "publication_date": "2023-09-24", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202309.1649.v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.1649.v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR730140\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Preprints.org\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4764, "title": "Expectancies for Subjective and Antidepressant Effects in Psilocybin Users", "normalized_title": "expectancies for subjective and antidepressant effects in psilocybin users", "authors": "Mitch Earleywine, Maha N. Mian, Joseph A. De Leo", "abstract": "Expectancy effects for many psychoactive substances appear to play a role in consumption, problematic use, subjective responses to acute administration, and subsequent effects. Expectancies of psychedelics have received little attention in published research despite their reputation for creating dramatic changes in subjective state. Psilocybin-assisted treatment (PAT) improves depression, but details of associated expected effects remain incomplete. Previous work suggests that PAT-induced changes in depression and other forms of well-being covary with specific subjective effects of psilocybin. Self-reports from over 500 psilocybin-using individuals revealed correlations with relevant subjective effects that appeared to mediate antidepressant effects in previous work (e.g., Mystical Experiences, Ego dissolution, and Emotional Breakthrough). Correlations with demographic variables, current depressive symptoms, and general hallucinogen involvement were markedly smaller. Expectancies on specific depressive symptoms also paralleled retrospective reports of other psychedelic-induced antidepressant effects. Regression revealed that current depressive symptoms, ego dissolution, and emotional breakthroughs accounted for unique variance in expected antidepressant effects, but expectancies on mystical effects did not. Although limitations suggest cautious interpretation, psilocybin-using individuals appear to hold relevant expectancies about subjective and antidepressant effects, which might play a role in treatment outcomes worthy of monitoring in clinical trials.", "journal": "Journal of Humanistic Psychology", "publication_date": "2023-09-21", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/00221678231194798", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00221678231194798", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Expectancy theory, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Clinical psychology, Depressive symptoms, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Cognition, Social psychology, Anxiety, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386958768\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386958768\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1578225463\",\"https://openalex.org/W1899583848\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964160290\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966770824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037557484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067238826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143834603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153283373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2429266444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561217404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585493186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2603506674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604452528\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775143203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789837390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793221098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2831064708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894541203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896003347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898240306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903296215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919706001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942308069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947813578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967781468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967946137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971304551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995178539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998403265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010009477\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012221112\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027616822\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096296157\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113026224\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134224484\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155407419\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155481108\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159796563\",\"https://openalex.org/W3170368534\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185700361\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204019137\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205258931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206767983\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292199692\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294185218\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090993398\",\"display_name\":\"Mitch Earleywine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-0623\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069529785\",\"display_name\":\"Maha N. Mian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7051-7820\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081398262\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph A. De Leo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1793-119X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S207414187\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Humanistic Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221678231194798\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386958768" }, { "id": 1370, "title": "Manic episode following psilocybin use in a man with bipolar II disorder: a case report", "normalized_title": "manic episode following psilocybin use in a man with bipolar ii disorder a case report", "authors": "Haniya J. Halim, Bradley G. Burk, Rachel E. Fargason, Badari Birur", "abstract": "There has been an increase in research on the topic of psychedelic substances and their effects as treatment options in neuropsychiatric conditions. Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug that has recently garnered increased interest as an effective treatment modality for treatment-resistant depression, depression associated with terminal conditions, certain substance use disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, sparse data exist as to the effects that psilocybin might have on patients at risk for mania, in large part secondary to the exclusion of this patient population from studies due to the concern for inducing mania or worsening illness course. We describe a case of a 21-year-old male with a recent diagnosis of bipolar II disorder who developed a manic episode following the ingestion of psilocybin in the form of hallucinogenic mushrooms. Given the incidence of depression in those with bipolar disorder, impulsivity, and a tendency to abuse substances associated with the illness, further research is needed into the risks of psilocybin and other psychedelic use in those with bipolar disorder.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2023-09-21", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1221131", "pubmed_id": "37810598", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1221131", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mania, Bipolar disorder, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Depression (economics), Population, Substance abuse, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Lithium (medication), Environmental health, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386961159\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386961159\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":13,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W34641758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016437478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044852143\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152723462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2550530158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726744335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201512146\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092922800\",\"display_name\":\"Haniya J. Halim\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067523553\",\"display_name\":\"Bradley G. Burk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2681-3785\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085805872\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel E. Fargason\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023514274\",\"display_name\":\"Badari Birur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-7585\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1221131\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386961159" }, { "id": 1372, "title": "Naturalistic psilocybin use is associated with persisting improvements in mental health and wellbeing: results from a prospective, longitudinal survey", "normalized_title": "naturalistic psilocybin use is associated with persisting improvements in mental health and wellbeing results from a prospective longitudinal survey", "authors": "Sandeep M. Nayak, Hillary Jackson, Nathan D. Sepeda, David S. Mathai, Sara So, Abigail Yaffe, Hadi Zaki, Trey Brasher, Matthew X. Lowe, Del R. P. Jolly, Frederick S. Barrett, Roland R. Griffiths, Justin C. Strickland, Matthew W. Johnson, Heather Jackson, Albert Garcia-Romeu", "abstract": "Introduction: The classic psychedelic psilocybin, found in some mushroom species, has received renewed interest in clinical research, showing potential mental health benefits in preliminary trials. Naturalistic use of psilocybin outside of research settings has increased in recent years, though data on the public health impact of such use remain limited. Methods: This prospective, longitudinal study comprised six sequential automated web-based surveys that collected data from adults planning to take psilocybin outside clinical research: at time of consent, 2 weeks before, the day before, 1-3 days after, 2-4 weeks after, and 2-3 months after psilocybin use. Results: A sample of 2,833 respondents completed all baseline assessments approximately 2 weeks before psilocybin use, 1,182 completed the 2-4 week post-use survey, and 657 completed the final follow-up survey 2-3 months after psilocybin use. Participants were primarily college-educated White men residing in the United States with a prior history of psychedelic use; mean age = 40 years. Participants primarily used dried psilocybin mushrooms (mean dose = 3.1 grams) for \"self-exploration\" purposes. Prospective longitudinal data collected before and after a planned psilocybin experience on average showed persisting reductions in anxiety, depression, and alcohol misuse, increased cognitive flexibility, emotion regulation, spiritual wellbeing, and extraversion, and reduced neuroticism and burnout after psilocybin use. However, a minority of participants (11% at 2-4 weeks and 7% at 2-3 months) reported persisting negative effects after psilocybin use (e.g., mood fluctuations, depressive symptoms). Discussion: Results from this study, the largest prospective survey of naturalistic psilocybin use to date, support the potential for psilocybin to produce lasting improvements in mental health symptoms and general wellbeing.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2023-09-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1199642", "pubmed_id": "37795509", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1199642", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Anxiety, Mental health, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386861633\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386861633\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":86,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W260994251\",\"https://openalex.org/W1049068570\",\"https://openalex.org/W1755495547\",\"https://openalex.org/W1857921554\",\"https://openalex.org/W1951724000\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970318334\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988792451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013438164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045988021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057113781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074914924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086667953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107748660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110608362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117834601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152264416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160948541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2774349944\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903884088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914765137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926665170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946614049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972809261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999261467\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133906491\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157608139\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193146023\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220686515\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283075222\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310598708\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"https://openalex.org/W6677819859\",\"https://openalex.org/W6758980857\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048764111\",\"display_name\":\"Hillary Jackson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020492413\",\"display_name\":\"David S. Mathai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9972-601X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040562059\",\"display_name\":\"Sara So\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028103202\",\"display_name\":\"Abigail Yaffe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023709213\",\"display_name\":\"Hadi Zaki\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055368406\",\"display_name\":\"Trey Brasher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2358-6086\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006089530\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew X. Lowe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6961-6802\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104171076\",\"display_name\":\"Del R. P. Jolly\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027917357\",\"display_name\":\"Justin C. Strickland\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1077-0394\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080424336\",\"display_name\":\"Heather Jackson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-9242\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091708678\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-1644\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1199642\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386861633" }, { "id": 1358, "title": "Tryptamines and Mental Health: Activating the 5-HT Receptor for Therapeutic Potential.", "normalized_title": "tryptamines and mental health activating the 5 ht receptor for therapeutic potential", "authors": "Kargbo RB.", "abstract": "Tryptamines, a class of 3-aminoethyl-indoles that activate the serotonin receptor, show potential for novel mental health treatments. The FDA has granted \"breakthrough therapy designation\" to psilocybin and MDMA for treatment-resistant depression, major depressive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder, sparking global research efforts. Various clinical trials are currently investigating the therapeutic value of psilocybin for several mental health disorders. Results thus far indicate significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes via reductions in experiential avoidance. These advancements highlight a promising future for tryptamines in mental health therapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-09-14", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00390", "pubmed_id": "37849550", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00390", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37849550\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1377, "title": "Predictors of Pharmacy Students' Attitudes About the Therapeutic Use of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "predictors of pharmacy students attitudes about the therapeutic use of psilocybin", "authors": "NM Mahmudul Alam Bhuiya, Robin J. Jacobs, Karina Wang, Yiqun Sun, Brenda Nava, Luke Sampiere, Akhila Yerubandi, Joshua Caballero", "abstract": "Background Psilocybin has been studied for its potential therapeutic benefits, particularly for the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. While more research is needed as psilocybin-assisted therapy becomes more prevalent, future pharmacists will probably be involved at some level. At present, pharmacists receive minimal training on psilocybin, and little is known about their attitudes toward its use for medical purposes. Findings from recent clinical studies have attempted to establish the safety and medical efficacy of psilocybin, leading to an increased interest in therapeutic psilocybin use in the United States. This study aimed to assess if self-assessed knowledge of psilocybin, concerns about adverse effects, and opinions about legalization will make statistically significant contributions to pharmacy students' attitudes about psilocybin use in practice. Methods Pharmacy students' self-assessed knowledge, concern for potential adverse effects, and perceptions of psilocybin were investigated using a cross-sectional survey study design. Data were collected from March 13 to April 7, 2023, from a convenience sample of 161 pharmacy students enrolled in an accredited pharmacy school in the southern region of the United States using a 41-item anonymous quantitative survey developed by the researchers that contained validated scales. The survey was delivered electronically. Multiple regression modeling was conducted to determine if self-assessed knowledge, concerns for adverse effects, and opinions about legalization would predict pharmacy students' attitudes about therapy-assisted psilocybin use. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the authors' university. Results The mean age of the 161 participants was 24 years (SD = 2.981; range 20-40 years). Twenty (12.4%) participants reported previous use of psilocybin for recreational purposes and two (1.2%) reported having used it therapeutically. Many (n =121; 75.2%) of the participants believed that psilocybin should be decriminalized for therapeutic use, but only 54 (33.5%) thought it should be decriminalized for recreational use. A multiple linear regression model predicting \"attitudes about psilocybin\" (dependent variable) produced significant results: (F(4, 122) = 40.575, p < 0.001), with an R2 = 0.571 (adjusted R2 = 0.557). Greater \"self-assessed knowledge about psilocybin,\" less \"concern about possible negative effects,\" greater \"belief in the decriminalization of psilocybin for recreational use,\" and greater \"belief in the decriminalization of psilocybin for therapeutic use\" (all independent variables) were associated with more positive perceptions about medical psilocybin. The percentage of variance in the scores accounted for by the model was 57%. Conclusions Pharmacy students may lack information and training regarding psilocybin and report a desire to learn more about it. Their attitudes about medical psilocybin may be driven by this desire to learn in addition to concerns about adverse effects and legalization issues. Due to the dearth of published information regarding the knowledge and acceptance of psilocybin as a viable treatment option for patients, further research in psychedelic-assisted treatments may be warranted.", "journal": "Cureus", "publication_date": "2023-09-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.45169", "pubmed_id": "37842360", "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45169", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Pharmacy, Legalization, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Family medicine, Adverse effect, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386702998\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386702998\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2011221060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052341973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093274439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567379065\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944495881\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966840080\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149986569\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191608162\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193541843\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200517619\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210332402\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224263135\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224942177\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283813871\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285047488\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285605468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293176220\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309648711\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310940483\",\"https://openalex.org/W4364356083\",\"https://openalex.org/W4382465647\",\"https://openalex.org/W7070833347\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092861250\",\"display_name\":\"NM Mahmudul Alam Bhuiya\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091609619\",\"display_name\":\"Robin J. Jacobs\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-4096\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046709170\",\"display_name\":\"Karina Wang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101062105\",\"display_name\":\"Yiqun Sun\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6860-5818\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070002328\",\"display_name\":\"Brenda Nava\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005943395\",\"display_name\":\"Luke Sampiere\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000054887\",\"display_name\":\"Akhila Yerubandi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-747X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040951969\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Caballero\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4406-2425\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2738950867\",\"source_display_name\":\"Cureus\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45169\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Pharmacology,Review Article,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386702998" }, { "id": 1364, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Military and Veterans Healthcare Systems: Clinical, Legal, and Implementation Considerations.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy in military and veterans healthcare systems clinical legal and implementation considerations", "authors": "Wolfgang AS, Hoge CW.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewThis review discusses the current and projected landscape of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), with a focus on clinical, legal, and implementation considerations in Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare systems.Recent findings3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)- and psilocybin-assisted therapy have shown promising outcomes in efficacy, safety, tolerability, and durability for PTSD and depression, respectively. MDMA-assisted therapy is already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on an Expanded Access (\"compassionate use\") basis for PTSD, with full approval projected for 2024. Psilocybin-assisted therapy is projected to be FDA-approved for depression soon thereafter. Other psychedelics are in earlier stages of development. The VA is currently conducting PAT clinical trials. Although there are clear legal pathways for the VA and DoD to conduct PAT trials, a number of implementation barriers exist, such as the very high number of clinical hours necessary to treat each patient, resource requirements to support treatment infrastructure, military-specific considerations, and the high level of evidence necessary for PAT to be recommended in clinical practice guidelines. Ongoing considerations are whether and how PAT will be made available to VA and DoD beneficiaries, feasibility and cost-effectiveness, and ethical safeguards that must be implemented to prioritize access to PAT given the likelihood of extremely limited initial availability. However, with imminent FDA approval of PATs and considerable national interest in these treatments, DoD and VA policymakers must be prepared with clearly delineated policies and plans for how these healthcare systems will approach PAT.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-09-07", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-023-01446-4", "pubmed_id": "37682446", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-023-01446-4", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans, Delivery of Health Care, United States, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37682446\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Veterans,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1345, "title": "Psilocybin induces acute and persisting alterations in immune status in healthy volunteers: An experimental, placebo-controlled study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induces acute and persisting alterations in immune status in healthy volunteers an experimental placebo controlled study", "authors": "Natasha L. Mason, Attila Szabó, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Pablo Mallaroni, R. de la Torre Fornell, Johannes T. Reckweg, Desmond H. Y. Tse, Nadia R. P. W. Hutten, Amanda Feilding, Johannes G. Ramaekers", "abstract": "Patients characterized by stress-related disorders such as depression display elevated circulating concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a hyperactive HPA axis. Psychedelics are demonstrating promising results in treatment of such disorders, however the mechanisms of their therapeutic effects are still unknown. To date the evidence of acute and persisting effects of psychedelics on immune functioning, HPA axis activity in response to stress, and associated psychological outcomes is preliminary. To address this, we conducted a placebo-controlled, parallel group design comprising of 60 healthy participants who received either placebo (n = 30) or 0.17 mg/kg psilocybin (n = 30). Blood samples were taken to assess acute and persisting (7 day) changes in immune status. Seven days' post-administration, participants in each treatment group were further subdivided: 15 underwent a stress induction protocol, and 15 underwent a control protocol. Ultra-high field (7-Tesla) magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to assess whether acute changes in glutamate or glial activity were associated with changes in immune functioning. Finally, questionnaires assessed persisting self-report changes in mood and social behavior. Psilocybin immediately reduced concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), while other inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP)) remained unchanged. Seven days later, TNF-α concentrations returned to baseline, while IL-6 and CRP concentrations were persistently reduced in the psilocybin group. Changes in the immune profile were related to acute neurometabolic activity as acute reductions in TNF-α were linked to lower concentrations of glutamate in the hippocampus. Additionally, the more of a reduction in IL-6 and CRP seven days after psilocybin, the more persisting positive mood and social effects participants reported. Regarding the stress response, after a psychosocial stressor, psilocybin did not significantly alter the stress response. Results are discussed in regards to the psychological and therapeutic effects of psilocybin demonstrated in ongoing patient trials.", "journal": "Brain Behavior and Immunity", "publication_date": "2023-09-06", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.004", "pubmed_id": "37689275", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.004", "keywords": "Placebo, Psilocybin, Immune system, Medicine, Internal medicine, Cytokine, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin 6, Mood, Hallucinogen, Gastroenterology, Psychology, Immunology, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Pathology, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Tryptophan and brain disorders, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386504040\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386504040\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":81,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W30385358\",\"https://openalex.org/W1007558147\",\"https://openalex.org/W1522923028\",\"https://openalex.org/W1649573525\",\"https://openalex.org/W1763837731\",\"https://openalex.org/W1922605075\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985438873\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988105902\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991538811\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996454121\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008967635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018135697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028503965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031811366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033283555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045076787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046960533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050442674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053472601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062088700\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070756761\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085670677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086504454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091259554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091973725\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092002730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094585862\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094845811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097086441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098731039\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099555137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102580529\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104320372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113322630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120032880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126795224\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135502441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143629083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145636091\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161161114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161296293\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164978865\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167314970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2201607793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2313473114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2315187051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328780397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519381186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2525291061\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552532188\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558582402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2565418869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2580335673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585728649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2606007667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616273018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756069429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790114448\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802379102\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885455509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888688605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2909211210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911871414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913369559\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938570586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949818647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955079055\",\"https://openalex.org/W2961101336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993940948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996702784\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006005031\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007819196\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012729670\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023636576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025985864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092438109\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093381089\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112315774\",\"https://openalex.org/W3143890706\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200738443\",\"https://openalex.org/W3202537739\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206213217\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252048163\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281703399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4286449579\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312224728\",\"https://openalex.org/W6753768956\",\"https://openalex.org/W6771900266\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041055116\",\"display_name\":\"Natasha L. Mason\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-0389\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061229287\",\"display_name\":\"Attila Szabó\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7833-8894\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024651565\",\"display_name\":\"Kim P. C. Kuypers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-3809\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063711942\",\"display_name\":\"Pablo Mallaroni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-2837\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056810256\",\"display_name\":\"R. de la Torre Fornell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062559490\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes T. Reckweg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-6334\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062957500\",\"display_name\":\"Desmond H. Y. Tse\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-7707\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064339250\",\"display_name\":\"Nadia R. P. W. Hutten\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0033-8119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071332026\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Feilding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024899439\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes G. Ramaekers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4553-376X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S102243518\",\"source_display_name\":\"Brain Behavior and Immunity\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.004\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Healthy Volunteers,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386504040" }, { "id": 1309, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: Rationale and Treatment Development", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for adults with major depressive disorder rationale and treatment development", "authors": "Marc J. Weintraub, Jessica Jeffrey, Charles S. Grob, Megan Ichinose, R. Lindsey Bergman, Ziva D. Cooper, David J. Miklowitz", "abstract": "Background: Recent studies suggest that one to two administrations of psilocybin have acute antidepressant effects for people with major depressive disorder. These data on psilocybin have generated considerable enthusiasm, but little empirical attention has been paid to the therapy that adjoins psilocybin treatment (psychedelic-assisted therapy, or PAT). Materials and Methods: In this study, we present the initial protocol and plans to empirically test the psychosocial therapy that adjoins psilocybin treatment with the goal of optimizing this therapeutic approach for adults with major depressive disorder. The psychotherapy is based on the principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), an evidence-based treatment for major depressive disorder. Participants will be 30 adults with a history of major depressive disorder and current, active depressive symptoms. Following psychiatric and medical safety evaluations, eligible participants will be enrolled in a 12-session CBT that includes classic PAT safety elements (termed psilocybin-assisted CBT; PA-CBT). Following the third and sixth PA-CBT sessions, participants will engage in two psilocybin drug administration sessions (10 and 25 mg, respectively). Participants will provide feedback about the PA-CBT and complete measures of mood symptoms, psychosocial functioning, cognitive schemas, and affective experiences immediately following each drug administration session, at the completion of PA-CBT, and 3 months following treatment completion. Conclusions: The trial will provide preliminary data on the feasibility, safety, acceptability, and psychosocial effects of PA-CBT. Results will inform randomized clinical trials to test the effects of PA-CBT for patients with depression and other mental health conditions, as well as hypotheses concerning mediating mechanisms at the cognitive and affective levels. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05227612.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-09-05", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0018", "pubmed_id": "40046861", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0018", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychotherapist, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Cognition, Cognitive therapy, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386469528\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386469528\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1787230849\",\"https://openalex.org/W1913659607\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990423213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016125673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017039362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021762104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032556867\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039763524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055628680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091746900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096987981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131976593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132322340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142420226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163215199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397862430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2522867222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549705997\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612845943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2613258400\",\"https://openalex.org/W2740567311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792161256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883252198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911158148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3167074068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3176790550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213423658\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221108429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207092\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240897905\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281386961\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281397183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294723946\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090933971\",\"display_name\":\"Marc J. Weintraub\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8724-120X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067502721\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica Jeffrey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4334-5626\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108513619\",\"display_name\":\"Charles S. Grob\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031377527\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Ichinose\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-0795\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108474850\",\"display_name\":\"R. Lindsey Bergman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001865213\",\"display_name\":\"Ziva D. Cooper\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8001-2332\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079473142\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Miklowitz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9647-6147\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0018\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386469528" }, { "id": 4779, "title": "Psilocybin, escitalopram have comparable effects on personality in patients with depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin escitalopram have comparable effects on personality in patients with depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2023-09-02", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1002/pu.31080", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31080", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Psychology, Depression (economics), Anxiety, Citation, Psychiatry, Personality, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Psychoanalysis, Library science, Computer science, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386410207\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386410207\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pu.31080\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Personality Change", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386410207" }, { "id": 1392, "title": "Bayesian analysis of real-world data as evidence for drug approval: Remembering Sir Michael Rawlins.", "normalized_title": "bayesian analysis of real world data as evidence for drug approval remembering sir michael rawlins", "authors": "Szigeti B, Phillips LD, Nutt D", "abstract": "", "journal": "British journal of clinical pharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-08-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1111/bcp.15841", "pubmed_id": "37455605", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37455605/", "keywords": "Bayesian analysis, RCTs, Sir Michal Rawlins, depression, medical cannabis, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37455605\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1386, "title": "Psychedelics, With a Focus on Psilocybin: Issues for the Clinician.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics with a focus on psilocybin issues for the clinician", "authors": "Garakani A, Alexander JL, Sumner CR, Pine JH, Gross LS, Raison CL, Aaronson ST, Baron DA.", "abstract": "There has been a burgeoning interest in psychedelics among the public, state legislatures, psychiatrists and other clinical providers, and within the research community. Increasing numbers of studies evaluating psychedelics for depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders have been conducted or are underway. While discussing psychedelics in general, the focus of this paper is on psilocybin and its mechanism, how it exerts a psychedelic effect, dosing, and a review of the treatment studies of psilocybin, which were primarily for treatment-resistant depression and cancer-related anxiety. Future directions and potential limitations of studying and regulating psilocybin and other psychedelics are also discussed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-08-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1097/pra.0000000000000729", "pubmed_id": "37678363", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/pra.0000000000000729", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37678363\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1380, "title": "Psychedelics for treatment resistant depression: are they game changers?", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for treatment resistant depression are they game changers", "authors": "Kalfas M, Taylor RH, Tsapekos D, Young AH.", "abstract": "IntroductionA new era of treatment for adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), which involves psychedelic substances, is dawning. Emerging evidence indicates that psychedelics can exert antidepressant effects through multiple neurobiological and psychological mechanisms. However, it remains to be seen if these new treatments will revolutionize the treatment of TRD.Areas coveredThe present review focuses on the efficacy of serotoninergic psychedelics psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), ayahuasca, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) and mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine), as well as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), for TRD. A systematic search was conducted for psilocybin in TRD as emerging trials had not yet been subject to review. A narrative review summarized findings on other psychedelics.Expert opinionPsychedelic therapy has created a paradigm shift in the treatment of TRD, as it can maximize therapeutic benefits and minimize potential risks. Psilocybin holds promise as a potential game-changer in the treatment of TRD, with initial evidence suggesting a rapid antidepressant effect sustained for some responders for at least 3 months. Nevertheless, further adequately powered, double-blind, comparator-controlled trials are required to explore and clarify the mechanisms of action and long-term effects of psychedelics in TRD. Psychedelics also hold promise for other psychiatric conditions, such as bipolar depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-08-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/14656566.2023.2281582", "pubmed_id": "37947195", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2023.2281582", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Mescaline, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Adult, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37947195\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1375, "title": "Psychedelic Use Among Psychiatric Medication Prescribers: Effects on Well-Being, Depression, Anxiety, and Associations with Patterns of Use, Reported Harms, and Transformative Mental States.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic use among psychiatric medication prescribers effects on well being depression anxiety and associations with patterns of use reported harms and transformative mental states", "authors": "Herrmann Z, Levin AW, Cole SP, Slabaugh S, Barnett B, Penn A, Jain R, Raison C, Rajanna B, Jain S", "abstract": "Mental health problems including depression, anxiety, suicide, and burnout are common among health care providers. Resilience and well-being are factors thought to protect against these incidents. Clinical trials and naturalistic studies of psychedelic compounds have shown decreases in depression, anxiety, and suicidality while suggesting improvements in well-being. This secondary analysis of a large cross-sectional online survey consisting of participants with at least one lifetime psychedelic use sought to examine how use affects health care providers who treat psychiatric disorders with medications. In total, 228 respondents retrospectively completed measures of depression, anxiety, and well-being before and after psychedelic exposure. They also reported lifetime use, harms attributed to use, and preferred psychedelic agent. Psychedelic use was associated with improvements in depression, anxiety, and well-being. Reported suicidality decreased and resilience increased. A factor analysis suggested that a cluster of mystical, interpersonal, and personal items predicted improvement in depression, anxiety, well-being, suicidality, and resilience. Preferred psychedelic agent did not affect outcomes. Frequency of use was not associated with outcomes although differences in effect sizes were seen. Harm reported was consistent with the general population, with 13.2% ( = 30) reporting at least one harm. Pre-exposure alcohol use, aggressive impulses, and desire to die by suicide improved most often while marijuana use most often worsened or did not change. These results are consistent with clinical trials and naturalistic studies examining psychedelic use in the general population and suggest that health care providers who treat psychiatric disorders with medications may benefit from psychedelic use, although some harm was reported. Given the current mental health crisis among health care providers, further research is warranted to examine whether interventions utilizing psychedelics could improve well-being and effectiveness of health care providers while decreasing adverse mental health outcomes associated with working in health care. ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04040582).", "journal": "Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.)", "publication_date": "2023-08-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0030", "pubmed_id": "40046570", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40046570/", "keywords": "anxiety, depression, prescriber, psilocybin, psychedelics, wellness", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40046570\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Wellbeing,Resilience,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1387, "title": "Psilocybin history, action and reaction: A narrative clinical review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin history action and reaction a narrative clinical review", "authors": "Sharma P, Nguyen QA, Matthews SJ, Carpenter E, Mathews DB, Patten CA, Hammond CJ.", "abstract": "Hallucinogenic mushrooms have been used in religious and cultural ceremonies for centuries. Of late, psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in hallucinogenic mushrooms, has received increased public interest as a novel drug for treating mood and substance use disorders (SUDs). In addition, in recent years, some states in the United States have legalized psilocybin for medical and recreational use. Given this, clinicians need to understand the potential benefits and risks related to using psilocybin for therapeutic purposes so that they can accurately advise patients. This expert narrative review summarizes the scientific basis and clinical evidence on the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating psychiatric disorders and SUDs. The results of this review are structured as a more extensive discussion about psilocybin's history, putative mechanisms of action, and recent legislative changes to its legal status. There is modest evidence of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating depression and anxiety disorders. In addition, early data suggest that psilocybin-assisted therapy may effectively reduce harmful drinking in patients with alcohol use disorders. The evidence further suggests psilocybin, when administered under supervision (psilocybin-assisted therapy), the side effects experienced are mild and transient. The occurrence of severe adverse events following psilocybin administration is uncommon. Still, a recent clinical trial found that individuals in the psilocybin arm had increased suicidal ideations and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors. Given this, further investigation into the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy is warranted to determine which patient subgroups are most likely to benefit and which are most likely to experience adverse outcomes related to its use.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-08-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231190858", "pubmed_id": "37650489", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231190858", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens, Affect, Anxiety Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37650489\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1379, "title": "Single-Dose Psilocybin Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin treatment for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Charles L. Raison, Gerard Sanacora, Joshua Woolley, Keith G. Heinzerling, Boadie W. Dunlop, Randall Brown, Rishi Kakar, Michael Hassman, Rupal Trivedi, Reid Robison, Natalie Gukasyan, Sandeep M. Nayak, Xiaojue Hu, Kelley C. O’Donnell, Benjamin Kelmendi, Jordan Sloshower, Andrew Penn, Ellen Bradley, Daniel F. Kelly, Tanja Mletzko, Christopher R. Nicholas, Paul R. Hutson, Gary Tarpley, Malynn Utzinger, Kelsey Lenoch, Kasia Warchol, Theraysa Gapasin, Mike C. Davis, Courtney Nelson-Douthit, Steffanie H Wilson, Carrie Brown, William Linton, Matthew W. Johnson, Stephen Ross, Roland R. Griffiths", "abstract": "Importance: Psilocybin shows promise as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Objective: To evaluate the magnitude, timing, and durability of antidepressant effects and safety of a single dose of psilocybin in patients with MDD. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this phase 2 trial conducted between December 2019 and June 2022 at 11 research sites in the US, participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive a single dose of psilocybin vs niacin placebo administered with psychological support. Participants were adults aged 21 to 65 years with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition diagnosis of MDD of at least 60 days' duration and moderate or greater symptom severity. Exclusion criteria included history of psychosis or mania, active substance use disorder, and active suicidal ideation with intent. Participants taking psychotropic agents who otherwise met inclusion/exclusion criteria were eligible following medication taper. Primary and secondary outcomes and adverse events (AEs) were assessed at baseline (conducted within 7 days before dosing) and at 2, 8, 15, 29, and 43 days after dosing. Interventions: Interventions were a 25-mg dose of synthetic psilocybin or a 100-mg dose of niacin in identical-appearing capsules, each administered with psychological support. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was change in central rater-assessed Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score (range, 0-60; higher scores indicate more severe depression) from baseline to day 43. The key secondary outcome measure was change in MADRS score from baseline to day 8. Other secondary outcomes were change in Sheehan Disability Scale score from baseline to day 43 and MADRS-defined sustained response and remission. Participants, study site personnel, study sponsor, outcome assessors (raters), and statisticians were blinded to treatment assignment. Results: A total of 104 participants (mean [SD] age, 41.1 [11.3] years; 52 [50%] women) were randomized (51 to the psilocybin group and 53 to the niacin group). Psilocybin treatment was associated with significantly reduced MADRS scores compared with niacin from baseline to day 43 (mean difference,-12.3 [95% CI, -17.5 to -7.2]; P", "journal": "JAMA", "publication_date": "2023-08-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1001/jama.2023.14530", "pubmed_id": "37651119", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.14530", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Dosing, Psychiatry, Adverse effect, Bipolar disorder, Placebo, Suicidal ideation, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Rating scale, Internal medicine, Poison control, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Mood, Injury prevention, Developmental psychology, Macroeconomics, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Environmental health, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386305655\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":488,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1993810702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034147634\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156458337\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168253623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965468106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129586996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3200483052\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205450793\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206854864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4224223934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226459778\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237965053\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243089545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4306780560\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309328263\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4361301344\",\"https://openalex.org/W6807316262\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024726266\",\"display_name\":\"Charles L. Raison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-0066\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037185919\",\"display_name\":\"Gerard Sanacora\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3722-8829\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101826991\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Woolley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-2093\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068139431\",\"display_name\":\"Keith G. Heinzerling\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9746-5821\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071605998\",\"display_name\":\"Randall Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5445-8119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082935636\",\"display_name\":\"Rishi Kakar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024428296\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Hassman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067531163\",\"display_name\":\"Rupal Trivedi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3643-4471\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081129089\",\"display_name\":\"Reid Robison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-9568\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111032624\",\"display_name\":\"Xiaojue Hu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6799-5780\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042151214\",\"display_name\":\"Kelley C. O’Donnell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9983-2699\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110948308\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Kelmendi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-1326\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080146983\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Sloshower\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053850619\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Penn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-7078\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023606467\",\"display_name\":\"Ellen Bradley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-1490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066155034\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel F. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-056X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017664220\",\"display_name\":\"Tanja Mletzko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-9698\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043044020\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher R. Nicholas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-4046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088507656\",\"display_name\":\"Paul R. Hutson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-7096\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033314729\",\"display_name\":\"Gary Tarpley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092721397\",\"display_name\":\"Malynn Utzinger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075166971\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey Lenoch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092721398\",\"display_name\":\"Kasia Warchol\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092721399\",\"display_name\":\"Theraysa Gapasin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Mike C. Davis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092721400\",\"display_name\":\"Courtney Nelson-Douthit\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035621912\",\"display_name\":\"Steffanie H Wilson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101610169\",\"display_name\":\"Carrie Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0679-6057\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043376293\",\"display_name\":\"William Linton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S172573765\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.14530\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386305655" }, { "id": 4784, "title": "Pharmacology and Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "pharmacology and therapeutic effects of psilocybin", "authors": "Xuehan Du", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a psychoactive alkaloid with hallucinogenic properties, exists in a variety of hallucinogenic mushrooms. As a study tool to imitate psychosis, psilocybin has aroused a lot of interest in the biological community due to its various possible therapeutic benefits. It is also a very popular and widely misused natural hallucinogens with distinct metabolism pathways and toxicity. In this paper, the metabolism and mechanism of psilocybin were summarized, and the toxicology and pharmacology of psilocybin were discussed in detail, and the positive effects of psilocybin on psychological illnesses like depression, addiction, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder were gathered and sorted out, and the drug's therapeutic potential for mental and psychological illnesses was systematically clarified. Understanding the mechanism and therapeutic ability of psilocybin is of great significance to its potential development. As a hallucinogenic agent with low toxicity and no side effects, its effective application in the treatment of psychological and mental diseases can provide new ideas for the treatment of various diseases.", "journal": "Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology", "publication_date": "2023-08-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.54097/hset.v65i.11331", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v65i.11331", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Mechanism (biology), Addiction, Pharmacology, Psychology, Mescaline, Psychosis, Psychiatry, Medicine, Serotonin, Internal medicine, Philosophy, Receptor, Epistemology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386519663\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386519663\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074715304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124026487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W3042366596\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087462486\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3123680632\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112996345\",\"display_name\":\"Xuehan Du\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387281017\",\"source_display_name\":\"Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v65i.11331\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386519663" }, { "id": 1376, "title": "Medical Students' Attitudes and Beliefs Toward Psilocybin: Does Terminology and Personal Experience with Psychedelics Matter?", "normalized_title": "medical students attitudes and beliefs toward psilocybin does terminology and personal experience with psychedelics matter", "authors": "Antonio F. Pagán, Claudia Lex, Jair C. Soares, Thomas D. Meyer", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin and psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) have gained renewed interest due to recent findings that PAT can enhance therapeutic outcomes. In 2019, the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) approved breakthrough therapy status to psilocybin for the treatment of depression, but PAT has yet to be approved as a therapeutic treatment for mental health disorders. Should the FDA approve PAT, medical students will serve as gatekeepers to PAT. Methods: = 295) were surveyed and randomized to two terminology conditions (i.e., \"psilocybin\" or \"magic mushrooms, MMs\") assessing their attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs. Results: Regardless of the terminology utilized, medical students held overall positive attitudes but their attitudes were significantly more positive when the term \"psilocybin\" was used. Furthermore, experience with psychedelics was associated with significantly more positive attitudes, beliefs, and higher self-rated knowledge. Finally, attitudes and beliefs were significant predictors of medical students' willingness to recommend PAT, if FDA approved, after controlling for covariates (e.g., personal experience with psychedelics). Conclusions: Despite some limitations, based on this study, using the term \"psilocybin\" might be preferable over \"MMs\" in a research or educational context. Although personal experience positively affects opinions toward psychedelics, beliefs and attitudes seem to be more relevant when it comes to actual medical advice.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-08-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2023.0022", "pubmed_id": "40046569", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0022", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Terminology, Transpersonal, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Philosophy, Linguistics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385987387\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385987387\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990949731\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085136026\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096812201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110701839\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2574629194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795926924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891256775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895740693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895827247\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898783805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945745191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972721040\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982452546\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015163151\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033052133\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135878517\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153240340\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197311089\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197925082\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205972963\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234375002\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285605468\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312084004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4312192226\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321016287\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322708939\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086070617\",\"display_name\":\"Antonio F. Pagán\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4724-768X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036206580\",\"display_name\":\"Claudia Lex\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4523-3580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082192669\",\"display_name\":\"Jair C. Soares\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045023981\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas D. Meyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4236-7778\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2023.0022\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385987387" }, { "id": 1347, "title": "A Proposal to Study the Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybe cubensis in Preclinical and Clinical Studies as a Therapeutic Alternative for Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "a proposal to study the safety and efficacy of psilocybe cubensis in preclinical and clinical studies as a therapeutic alternative for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Raúl Escamilla, María Eva González-Trujano, Jesús M. González Mariscal, J. Martı́n Torres-Valencia, Héctor Guzmán-González, José Luis Vega, Anja Loizaga-Velder", "abstract": "The pharmacological treatment of depression consists of taking antidepressant drugs for prolonged periods; its modest therapeutic effect can often be associated with significant adverse effects, while its discontinuation can lead to relapses. Psilocybin is today a novel and breakthrough therapy for major depression. It is a natural alkaloid in Psilocybe mushrooms, which are endemic to Mexico. Research on a larger scale is lacking in various populations, including the Mexican people. This proposal contemplates the experimental design of a preclinical (toxicity and pharmacological evaluation of an extract in mice) and clinical study by including the chemical analysis of a species of Psilocybe cubensis mushroom to characterize its main constituents. The clinical study will consider the safety evaluation by exploring tolerated doses of Psilocybe cubensis by measuring pharmacokinetic parameters after oral administration in healthy adults and an open trial on a sample of patients with major depressive disorder to assess the safety and efficacy of fully characterized Psilocybe cubensis in a two-single doses treatment, (with assisted psychotherapy), compared with the traditional care model at the Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz in Mexico City. This report presents the design of a research project with preclinical and clinical experimental components.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2023-08-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2023.2246459", "pubmed_id": "37594163", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2023.2246459", "keywords": "Preclinical research, Psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385969211\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385969211\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W124621362\",\"https://openalex.org/W201147263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016292245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039827824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073980989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074146187\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080507858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087265397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095559697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148939709\",\"https://openalex.org/W2197078876\",\"https://openalex.org/W2306296749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725508837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753941774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810374266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973144031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000386776\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043077203\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090675239\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110733646\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203310594\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215496863\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215766429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200627112\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210366495\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232797145\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302773366\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313275631\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313397998\",\"https://openalex.org/W4318393298\",\"https://openalex.org/W4322719007\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362471804\",\"https://openalex.org/W6749357005\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113612103\",\"display_name\":\"Raúl Escamilla\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012526517\",\"display_name\":\"María Eva González-Trujano\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4399-1508\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067443328\",\"display_name\":\"Jesús M. González Mariscal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1918-4076\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108011741\",\"display_name\":\"J. Martı́n Torres-Valencia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6426-7562\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092839041\",\"display_name\":\"Héctor Guzmán-González\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083887530\",\"display_name\":\"José Luis Vega\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9333-8729\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005093083\",\"display_name\":\"Anja Loizaga-Velder\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9523-3023\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2023.2246459\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Animal Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385969211" }, { "id": 1328, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression: Which psychotherapy?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression which psychotherapy", "authors": "Marie Crowe, Jenni Manuel, Dave Carlyle, Cameron Lacey", "abstract": "This perspective paper explores the choice of psychotherapy for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression. There is evidence to support the use of some psychotherapies in treating 'treatment-resistant' depression, and emerging evidence for the efficacy of psilocybin. The next step which is the focus of this paper is to identify psychotherapies that are both effective and congruent with the psilocybin experience. The evidence for the efficacy of the psychotherapies is drawn from a Cochrane review and the analysis of their congruence with the psilocybin experience is drawn from a qualitative meta-synthesis of the experience of psilocybin. The paper will examine whether three one-to-one psychotherapies identified as effective in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression are compatible with the psilocybin experience. Each psychotherapy will be examined in relation to its congruence with the qualitative evidence that suggests the choice of psychotherapy needs to give priority to the subjective experience, facilitate emotional processing, support connectedness with others, acceptance of the self as emotional and support change based on the person's insights into their relationships with others and the world in which they live. We conclude that interpersonal psychotherapy and intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy align with that experience, although others are currently being trialled.", "journal": "International Journal of Mental Health Nursing", "publication_date": "2023-08-16", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1111/inm.13214", "pubmed_id": "37589380", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.13214", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Interpersonal psychotherapy, Treatment-resistant depression, Social connectedness, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Cognition, Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive disorder, Surgery, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385898071\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385898071\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1502317239\",\"https://openalex.org/W1930885864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003898298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011221060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030744232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041230728\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042982960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066146596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152690559\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155961498\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163061169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2225653379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2233786344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2313877811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515306146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592399410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594090197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2606033917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802563004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2904101422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912070790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3019835651\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033128649\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112557491\",\"https://openalex.org/W3119707674\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157692430\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160306775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3168039611\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212926858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231030315\",\"https://openalex.org/W4241320983\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249892030\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281397183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283011480\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296082062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297373842\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300469004\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309244275\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315840884\",\"https://openalex.org/W4315928396\",\"https://openalex.org/W4320491739\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367840575\",\"https://openalex.org/W4383998917\",\"https://openalex.org/W6683673508\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051714232\",\"display_name\":\"Marie Crowe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7220-8658\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083763369\",\"display_name\":\"Jenni Manuel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050106219\",\"display_name\":\"Dave Carlyle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057651746\",\"display_name\":\"Cameron Lacey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-6784\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S175683280\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Mental Health Nursing\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.13214\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385898071" }, { "id": 4787, "title": "use of psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric disorders - review", "normalized_title": "use of psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric disorders review", "authors": "Justyna Woźniak, Rafał BOGACZ, Magdalena Gaik, Ewa URAM, Inga MAGDA, Karol Womperski, Magdalena OSUCH", "abstract": "Introduction: The word “psychedelic” derives from the Greek language and can be loosely translated as “mind manifesting” which is to convey that these substances allow the mind to unleash its hidden potential. Psilocybin is considered to be a “classic psychedelic” and is most commonly found in the form of so-called “magic mushrooms”. Due to its unique properties psilocybin has been used during religious ceremonies and rituals for centuries and more recently also explored in a medical context. Nowadays many studies are being carried out to prove the efficacy of its use in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. Aim of study: Review of the current knowledge on the subject of psilocybin applied in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression and addiction. Methods and materials: A review of chosen literature was carried out in the PubMed database and Google Scholar using the following phrases: psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic-assisted therapy, major depressive disorder, addiction. Results: Recent studies suggest that psilocybin may be an effective form of treatment for cancer-related psychiatric distress, treatment-resistant depression and addiction. There are some reports of psilocybin being useful when treating obsessive-compulsive disorder and cluster headaches. Conclusions: More large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled studies are required to prove these promising findings. Psychological support is crucial during the treatment with psilocybin.", "journal": "Journal of Education Health and Sport", "publication_date": "2023-08-14", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.12775/jehs.2023.43.01.009", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.43.01.009", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Psychology, Addiction, Context (archaeology), Psychotherapist, Distress, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Biology, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385645939\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385645939\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970807094\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015086459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810374266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889566085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974814938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999570410\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210332402\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036023465\",\"display_name\":\"Justyna Woźniak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1386-6009\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092610082\",\"display_name\":\"Rafał BOGACZ\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-8943\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084677904\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena Gaik\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3922-9016\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092610084\",\"display_name\":\"Ewa URAM\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6460-8150\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092610085\",\"display_name\":\"Inga MAGDA\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5413-6656\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030141450\",\"display_name\":\"Karol Womperski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-2974\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092610086\",\"display_name\":\"Magdalena OSUCH\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9837-3723\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737571363\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Education Health and Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.43.01.009\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Headache / Migraine,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385645939" }, { "id": 4788, "title": "Psilocybin's Emerging Role in Combating Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s emerging role in combating depressive disorder", "authors": "Anna Jaremek, Joanna Kępa, Norbert Kandefer, Michał Wyszkowski, Aleksandra Grabarczyk, Anna Pawlak, Sylwia Grad, Małgorzata Gregorek, Paweł Gregorek", "abstract": "In this review paper, we delve into the potential applicability of psilocybin - a naturally synthesized psychedelic substance found within select species of fungi, as a prospective avenue for depression treatment. Depression, a widespread psychological malady affecting countless individuals across the globe, often proves stubborn against existing treatment modalities, necessitating exploration into new options. The spotlight has increasingly been cast on psilocybin, thanks to its promising therapeutic capacities for a spectrum of mental health disorders, notably including depression. This article dissects the operational mechanisms of psilocybin, referencing germane clinical trials, and weighing the prospective risks and rewards related to its usage. Pooled findings from an array of clinical studies hint at the possibility of psilocybin furnishing swift and lasting advantages for managing depression and similar disorders. Trial participants who underwent a combined regimen of psilocybin and psychotherapy recorded enduring alleviation in their anxiety and depressive symptoms. Psilocybin has been observed to trigger modifications in neural activity, predominantly in the brain's default mode network (DMN) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC). These alterations have been correlated with a decrease in self-oriented cognitive processes, an uptick in positive emotional states, and the facilitation of neuroplasticity. When compared with standard antidepressant medications, the symptomatic improvements seen with psilocybin were largely equivalent. Preclinical investigations have also underlined psilocybin's potential in augmenting neural plasticity and neurogenesis, thus hinting at its possible utility in the fields of neurosurgery and neurooncology.", "journal": "Journal of Education Health and Sport", "publication_date": "2023-08-07", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.12775/jehs.2023.40.01.011", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.40.01.011", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Default mode network, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Neuroplasticity, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Cognition, Clinical psychology, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385658334\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385658334\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110572089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311273096\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092612347\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Jaremek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7787-7938\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046422345\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Kępa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092612348\",\"display_name\":\"Norbert Kandefer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3743-5939\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020439017\",\"display_name\":\"Michał Wyszkowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1125-4014\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012213808\",\"display_name\":\"Aleksandra Grabarczyk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2232-2265\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035222802\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Pawlak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8502-4987\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022674489\",\"display_name\":\"Sylwia Grad\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3833-5398\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092612349\",\"display_name\":\"Małgorzata Gregorek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5964-6897\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092612350\",\"display_name\":\"Paweł Gregorek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-2054\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737571363\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Education Health and Sport\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.40.01.011\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385658334" }, { "id": 1414, "title": "A Brief Review on the Potential of Psychedelics for Treating Alzheimer's Disease and Related Depression.", "normalized_title": "a brief review on the potential of psychedelics for treating alzheimer s disease and related depression", "authors": "Pilozzi A, Foster S, Mischoulon D, Fava M, Huang X", "abstract": "Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of senile dementia, is poised to place an even greater societal and healthcare burden as the population ages. With few treatment options for the symptomatic relief of the disease and its unknown etiopathology, more research into AD is urgently needed. Psychedelic drugs target AD-related psychological pathology and symptoms such as depression. Using microdosing, psychedelic drugs may prove to help combat this devastating disease by eliciting psychiatric benefits via acting through various mechanisms of action such as serotonin and dopamine pathways. Herein, we review the studied benefits of a few psychedelic compounds that may show promise in treating AD and attenuating its related depressive symptoms. We used the listed keywords to search through PubMed for relevant preclinical, clinical research, and review articles. The putative mechanism of action (MOA) for psychedelics is that they act mainly as serotonin receptor agonists and induce potential beneficial effects for treating AD and related depression.", "journal": "International journal of molecular sciences", "publication_date": "2023-08-06", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/ijms241512513", "pubmed_id": "37569888", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37569888/", "keywords": "Alzheimer’s disease, DMT, LSD, dementia, depression, ketamine, mescaline, psilocybin, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37569888\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Microdosing,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1348, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of human studies.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a systematic review and dose response meta analysis of human studies", "authors": "Perez N, Langlest F, Mallet L, De Pieri M, Sentissi O, Thorens G, Seragnoli F, Zullino D, Kirschner M, Kaiser S, Solmi M, Sabé M.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is increasingly studied for its antidepressant effect, but its optimal dosage for depression remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and a dose-response meta-analysis to find the optimal dosage of psilocybin to reduce depression scores. Following our protocol (CRD42022220190) multiple electronic databases were searched from their inception until February 2023, to identify double-blind randomized placebo-controlled (RCTs) fixed-dose trials evaluating the use of psilocybin for adult patients with primary or secondary depression. A one-stage dose-response meta-analysis with restricted cubic splines was used. Cochrane risk of bias was used to assess risk of bias. Our analysis included seven studies with a total of 489 participants. Among these, four studies focused on primary depression (N = 366), including one study with patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression. The remaining three studies examined secondary depression (N = 123). The determined 95% effective doses per day (ED95) were 8.92, 24.68, and 36.08 mg/70 kg for patients with secondary depression, primary depression, and both subgroups, respectively. We observed significant dose-response associations for all curves, each plateauing at different levels, except for the bell-shaped curve observed in the case of secondary depression. Additionally, we found significant dose-response associations for various side effects, including physical discomfort, blood pressure increase, nausea/vomiting, headache/migraine, and the risk of prolonged psychosis. In conclusion, we discovered specific ED95 values for different populations, indicating higher ED95 values for treatment-resistant depression, primary depression, and secondary depression groups. Further RCTs are necessary for each population to determine the optimal dosage, allowing for maximum efficacy while minimizing side effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-08-06", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.07.011", "pubmed_id": "37557019", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.07.011", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psychotic Disorders, Adult, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37557019\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Headache / Migraine,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4789, "title": "Psilocybin und Funktionalität bei Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin und funktionalität bei depression", "authors": "Moritz Spangemacher", "abstract": "", "journal": "InFo Neurologie + Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2023-07-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s15005-023-3336-2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15005-023-3336-2", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:45", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386013106\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4386013106\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070750577\",\"display_name\":\"Moritz Spangemacher\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210222746\",\"source_display_name\":\"InFo Neurologie + Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15005-023-3336-2\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4386013106" }, { "id": 1420, "title": "Psychedelic medicines for end-of-life care: Pipeline clinical trial review 2022.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic medicines for end of life care pipeline clinical trial review 2022", "authors": "Jing X, Hoeh NR, Menkes DB.", "abstract": "ObjectivesPeople with terminal illnesses often experience psychological distress and associated disability. Recent clinical trial evidence has stimulated interest in the therapeutic use of psychedelics at end of life. Much uncertainty remains, however, mainly due to methodological difficulties that beset existing trials. We conducted a scoping review of pipeline clinical trials of psychedelic treatment for depression, anxiety, and existential distress at end of life.MethodsProposed, registered, and ongoing trials were identified from 2 electronic databases (ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform). Recent reviews and both commercial and non-profit organization websites were used to identify additional unregistered trials.ResultsIn total, 25 studies were eligible, including 13 randomized controlled trials and 12 open-label trials. Three trials made attempts beyond randomization to assess expectancy and blinding effectiveness. Investigational drugs included ketamine (n = 11), psilocybin (n = 10), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (n = 2), and lysergic acid diethylamide (n = 2). Three trials involved microdosing, and fifteen trials incorporated psychotherapy.Significance of resultsA variety of onging or upcoming clinical trials are expected to usefully extend evidence regarding psychedelic-assisted group therapy and microdosing in the end-of-life setting. Still needed are head-to-head comparisons of different psychedelics to identify those best suited to specific indications and clinical populations. More extensive and rigorous studies are also necessary to better control expectancy, confirm therapeutic findings and establish safety data to guide the clinical application of these novel therapies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1017/s147895152300069x", "pubmed_id": "37334486", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s147895152300069x", "keywords": "Humans, Death, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Terminal Care, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37334486\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1413, "title": "Psychedelic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Ibrahim IB, Videbech P, Straszek SPV.", "abstract": "This review aims at RCT's of psychedelics used in the treatment of depression and PTSD. Psilocybin has shown an antidepressant effect in cancer patients that was sustained at 6- and 12-months follow-up. The effect of psilocybin was comparable to escitalopram in one study. Ketamine has shown effect for the treatment of resistant depression. Phase 2 and 3 trials have shown the effect of MDMA on PTSD. No serious adverse events were reported in controlled settings, but larger studies are needed to establish safety and long-term effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "37615227", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/37615227", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37615227\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3519, "title": "The Efficacy and Tolerability of Psilocybin in Participants With Treatment-Resistant Depression: a Phase 2, Randomized Feasibility Study", "normalized_title": "the efficacy and tolerability of psilocybin in participants with treatment resistant depression a phase 2 randomized feasibility study", "authors": "Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to see if psilocybin, an investigational drug, is safe and well tolerated. Researchers also want to know if psilocybin can improve symptoms of depression. This study will see if psilocybin is safe and well tolerated by tracking changes in suicidal thoughts and behaviour, monitoring if any participants choose to stop participating in the study, and measuring any serious side effects, as well as how long they take to resolve. This study will also see if depression symptoms improve (or worsen) after psilocybin is administered. Additional information about participants' depressive symptoms and side effects will also be measured during the study. This randomized clinical trial will assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of single and repeat doses of psilocybin at point-of-care in persons with treatment-resistant depression as part of major depressive disorder or bipolar II disorder. The primary objective is to evaluate the feasibility of psilocybin in adults with treatment-resistant depression. The secondary objectives are to assess the efficacy and tolerability of psilocybin at point-of-care.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-07-26", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05029466", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05029466\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1391, "title": "Natural psychedelics in the treatment of depression; a review focusing on neurotransmitters.", "normalized_title": "natural psychedelics in the treatment of depression a review focusing on neurotransmitters", "authors": "Jahanabadi S, Amiri S, Karkeh-Abadi M, Razmi A.", "abstract": "Natural psychedelic compounds are emerging as potential novel therapeutics in psychiatry. This review will discuss how natural psychedelics exert their neurobiological therapeutic effects, and how different neurotransmission systems mediate the effects of these compounds. Further, current therapeutic strategies for depression, and novel mechanism of action of natural psychedelics in the treatment of depression will be discussed. In this review, our focus will be on N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), reversible type A monoamine oxidase inhibitors, mescaline-containing cacti, psilocybin/psilocin-containing mushrooms, ibogaine, muscimol extracted from Amanita spp. mushrooms and ibotenic acid.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-22", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105620", "pubmed_id": "37490982", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105620", "keywords": "N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Neurotransmitter Agents, Hallucinogens, Depression, Molecular Structure", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37490982\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1390, "title": "Assessing the risk of symptom worsening in psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression: A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "assessing the risk of symptom worsening in psilocybin assisted therapy for depression a systematic review and individual participant data meta analysis", "authors": "Simonsson O, Carlbring P, Carhart-Harris R, Davis AK, Nutt DJ, Griffiths RR, Erritzoe D, Goldberg SB.", "abstract": "We conducted a meta-analysis using individual participant data from three, two-dose psilocybin trials for depression (N = 102) with the aim of assessing the risk of symptom worsening. Clinically significant symptom worsening occurred for a minority of participants in the psilocybin and escitalopram conditions (∼10%) and for a majority of participants in the waitlist condition (63.6%). Using data from the two trials with control arms, the psilocybin arm showed a lower likelihood of symptom worsening versus waitlist, and no difference in the likelihood of symptom worsening versus escitalopram. The limitation of a relatively small sample size should be addressed in future studies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-22", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115349", "pubmed_id": "37523886", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115349", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Sample Size, Depression, Symptom Flare Up, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37523886\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3382, "title": "Improvement in Depression Symptoms Measured by Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Rated Items after Randomised Double-blind COMP360 Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "improvement in depression symptoms measured by montgomery åsberg depression rating scale and quick inventory of depressive symptomatology self rated items after randomised double blind comp360 psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Goodwin G, Marwood L, Mistry S, Nowakowska A, Simmons H, Tsai J, Williams S, Young M, Malievskaia E.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC10595939", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC10595939\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3349, "title": "Psychedelics for depression: from neurobiology to treatment", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for depression from neurobiology to treatment", "authors": "Kuypers K.", "abstract": "Abstract Decades ago, the classical psychedelics psilocybin and LSD entered the therapeutic setting and already then showed their therapeutic potential in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. For thousands of years another psychedelic, ayahuasca, is being used by tribes in western Amazonia for healing and divination, and in recent years its use has expanded worldwide. Research into the therapeutic potential of these substances has re-emerged and (preliminary) findings are promising, showing that after one or two administrations remission is reached in depressed patients that were labeled as treatment-resistant. This is a remarkable finding as the therapeutic effects of treatment with conventional pharmacological agents like SSRIs take longer to lead to remission, with one-third of the patients failing to reach this stage. The fast onset of positive therapeutic effects by psychedelics increases the interest to discover the mechanism of action behind this. There is a debate about the importance of the psychological experience caused by these agents in the therapeutic outcome, while science also tries to understand the neurobiological correlates. The latter will be addressed in my talk and I will link it to psychedelics’ therapeutic effects. Disclosure of Interest None Declared", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC10417770", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC10417770\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3310, "title": "The therapeutic potential of psilocybin in depression resistant to psychotropic drugs", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in depression resistant to psychotropic drugs", "authors": "Ramírez González J, Fernández Márquez I, Ferreiro González S, Ruíz E.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC10479004", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC10479004\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3146, "title": "Systematic Review on the Mechanisms of Action of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depression", "normalized_title": "systematic review on the mechanisms of action of psilocybin in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Lin M, Lee H, Tsang V, Chai B, Howard A, Uy C, Elefante J.", "abstract": "Introduction Despite emerging evidence suggesting the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of mood disorders such as depression, the exact mechanisms by which psilocybin is able to elicit these antidepressant effects remains unknown. Objectives As the use of psilocybin as a treatment modality for depression has garnered increasing interest, this study aims to summarize the existing evidence of the mechanism of action with which psilocybin alleviates depressive symptoms, focusing specifically on the neurobiological effects of psilocybin in human subjects. Methods Four databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, psychINFO, and Web of Science) were searched using a combination of MeSH terms and free text keywords in September 2021. The original search included both human and animal studies and must have included testing of the mechanism of action of psilocybin. Only antidepressant effects were considered, with no other mood disorders or psychiatric diagnoses included. Two independent researchers screened at every stage of the review, with a third researcher resolving any conflicts. Though a full systematic review outlining the current literature on the complete mechanisms of action of psilocybin on depression was conducted, this abstract will focus specifically on the nine papers that included human subjects, disregarding the five animal models. PROSPERO registration number: 282710. Results After removing duplicates, the search identified 2193 papers and forty-nine were selected for full text review. Out of nine papers outlining the mechanisms of action of psilocybin use in human subjects, three papers investigated psilocybin’s effect on serotonin or glutamate receptor activity, two found an increase in synaptogenesis in regions such as the medial frontal cortex and hippocampus. Four found variation in blood flow to the amygdala, two found altered blood flow to the prefrontal cortex, and one found a reduction in delta power during sleep. Four papers found changes in functional connectivity or neurotransmission, most commonly in the hippocampus or prefrontal cortex. Conclusions Overall, the exact mechanism of psilocybin’s potential antidepressant effect remains unclear. Multiple pathways may be involved, including alterations in serotonin and glutamate receptor activity, as well as shifts in amygdala activity, neurogenesis, and functional connectivity in various brain regions. The relative lack of studies, and the variety of neurobiological modalities and endpoints used challenged the consolidation of data into consensus findings. Further studies are needed to better characterize psilocybin’s mechanism of action and to better understand the clinical effects of the use of psilocybin in the treatment of depression. Disclosure of Interest None Declared", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC10434693", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC10434693\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Systematic Review,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1293, "title": "Personality Change in a Trial of Psilocybin Therapy vs Escitalopram Treatment for Depression - CORRIGENDUM.", "normalized_title": "personality change in a trial of psilocybin therapy vs escitalopram treatment for depression corrigendum", "authors": "Weiss B, Ginige I, Shannon L, Giribaldi B, Murphy-Beiner A, Murphy R, Baker-Jones M, Martell J, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL, Erritzoe D.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1017/s0033291723002039", "pubmed_id": "37466289", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723002039", "keywords": "Humans, Citalopram, Hallucinogens, Depression, Personality, Personality Disorders, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37466289\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Personality Change", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1415, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for cancer-related anxiety and depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for cancer related anxiety and depression", "authors": "Dan Yaniv, Lois M. Ramondetta, Lorenzo Cohen, Moran Amit", "abstract": "", "journal": "International Journal of Gynecological Cancer", "publication_date": "2023-07-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2023-004659", "pubmed_id": "37463745", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2023-004659", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Anxiety, Gynecologic cancer, Psychotherapist, Existentialism, Psychiatry, Cancer, Disease, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Epistemology, Ovarian cancer, Psychology, Philosophy, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4384661659\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4384661659\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2792120884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4235774925\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074897739\",\"display_name\":\"Dan Yaniv\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0654-1161\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073591360\",\"display_name\":\"Lois M. Ramondetta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5699-9288\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031436164\",\"display_name\":\"Lorenzo Cohen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4372-9208\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020811172\",\"display_name\":\"Moran Amit\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9720-7766\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S41026820\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2023-004659\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4384661659" }, { "id": 1393, "title": "Psilocybin for treatment resistant depression in patients taking a concomitant SSRI medication", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression in patients taking a concomitant ssri medication", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Megan Croal, David Feifel, John R. Kelly, Lindsey Marwood, Sunil Mistry, Veronica O’Keane, Stéphanie Knatz Peck, Hollie Simmons, Claudia Sisa, S. C. Stansfield, Joyce Tsai, Sam Williams, Ekaterina Malievskaia", "abstract": "Psilocybin is being investigated as a treatment in adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Withdrawal from serotonergic antidepressant drugs is a common prerequisite for taking part in trials of psilocybin due to the possibility of ongoing antidepressant drugs altering the psychedelic effect. This phase II, exploratory, international, fixed-dose, open-label study explored the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of a synthetic form of psilocybin (investigational drug COMP360) adjunct to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in participants with TRD. Participants received a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin alongside psychological support and were followed-up for 3 weeks. The primary efficacy end point was change in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score from Baseline at Week 3. Secondary end points were safety, including treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), the proportion of responders and remitters at Week 3, and the change from Baseline to Week 3 in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score. Nineteen participants were dosed and the mean Baseline MADRS total score was 31.7 (SD = 5.77). Twelve (63.2%) participants had a TEAE, most of which were mild and resolved on the day of onset. There were no serious TEAEs or indication of increased suicidal ideation or behavior. At Week 3, mean change from Baseline in MADRS total score was -14.9 (95% CI, -20.7 to -9.2), and -1.3 (SD = 1.29) in the CGI-S. Both response and remission were evident in 8 (42.1%) participants. Larger, comparator-controlled trials are necessary to understand if this paradigm can optimize treatment-outcome where antidepressant drug withdrawal would be problematic.", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-07-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7", "pubmed_id": "37443386", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Clinical Global Impression, Tolerability, Adverse effect, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, Antidepressant, Major depressive episode, Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Paroxetine, Clinical trial, Clinical endpoint, Medicine, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Placebo, Anxiety, Cognition, Pathology, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4384130479\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":165,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1742833546\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979534890\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002554882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006625863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020187443\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083894864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108984307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913453568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914444775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000661394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200117112\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200627112\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221001769\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254230094\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281784879\",\"https://openalex.org/W4291162385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293729162\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020131072\",\"display_name\":\"Veronica O’Keane\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-099X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011897192\",\"display_name\":\"Stéphanie Knatz Peck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077910544\",\"display_name\":\"Claudia Sisa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111726730\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S175030738\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4384130479" }, { "id": 1431, "title": "Australia’s approval of MDMA and psilocybin for PTSD and depression is premature, say critics", "normalized_title": "australia s approval of mdma and psilocybin for ptsd and depression is premature say critics", "authors": "Bianca Nogrady", "abstract": "", "journal": "BMJ", "publication_date": "2023-07-10", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1136/bmj.p1599", "pubmed_id": "37433614", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1599", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MDMA, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4383874233\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4383874233\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":18,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4308444860\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057906962\",\"display_name\":\"Bianca Nogrady\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393917726\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1599\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4383874233" }, { "id": 1156, "title": "Ethopharmacological evaluation of antidepressant-like effect of serotonergic psychedelics in C57BL/6J male mice", "normalized_title": "ethopharmacological evaluation of antidepressant like effect of serotonergic psychedelics in c57bl 6j male mice", "authors": "Takaba R, Ibi D, Yoshida K, Hosomi E, Kawase R, Kitagawa H, Goto H, Achiwa M, Mizutani K, Maede K, González-Maeso J, Kitagaki S, Hiramatsu M.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and DOI exert a hallucinatory effect through serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2A) activation. Recent studies have revealed that serotonergic psychedelics have therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive and anxiety-related disorders. However, the involvement of 5-HT2A in mediating the therapeutic effects of these drugs remains unclear. In this study, we ethopharmacologically analyzed the role of 5-HT2A in the occurrence of anxiolytic-and antidepressant-like effects of serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocin, an active metabolite of psilocybin, DOI, and TCB-2 in mice. Mice with acute intraperitoneal psychedelic treatment exhibited significantly shorter immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail-suspension test (TST) than vehicle-treated control mice 24 h post-treatment. These effects were eliminated by pretreatment with volinanserin, a 5-HT2A antagonist. Surprisingly, the decreasing immobility time in the FST in response to acute psilocin treatment was sustained for at least three weeks. In the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), the latency to feed, an indicator of anxiety-like behavior, was decreased by acute administration of psilocin; however, pretreatment with volinanserin did not diminish this effect. In contrast, DOI and TCB-2 did not affect the NSFT performance in mice. Furthermore, psilocin, DOI, and TCB-2 treatment did not affect the spontaneous locomotor activity or head-twitch response, a hallucination-like behavior in rodents. These results suggest that 5-HT2A contributes to the antidepressant effects of serotonergic psychedelics rather than an anxiolytic effects.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2023-07-06", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3138705/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3138705/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR688165\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3755, "title": "Psychoactive substances in psychotherapy - A vision for the future? - A systematic review on Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychoactive substances in psychotherapy a vision for the future a systematic review on psilocybin", "authors": "Tetem J, Fischmann T, Möller TJ.", "abstract": "This work is a literature review on the use of psilocybin in psychotherapeutic treatment of mental illnesses. The review answers the question of what opportunities and risks are associated with the use of the psychoactive substance psilocybin. Peer-reviewed studies between 2017 and 2022 were included. Nine studies were found regarding the following indications: tobacco addiction, anxiety and depressive states related to life-threatening cancer, as well as treatment-resistant depression. A rapid clinical improvement of various symptoms was observed. The greatest evidence for the use of psilocybin was found in treating tobacco addiction and anxiety and depression related to life-threatening illnesses. No serious adverse events were reported in the studies. However, current studies have limitations, such as small sample sizes, difficulties with blinding, and a treatment population considered non-representative. The results are not representative but provide indications of effective treatment and are a starting point for further studies.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-07-05", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/ztyxh", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ztyxh", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:19", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR688396\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3449, "title": "Evaluating the Effect of Length of Time on Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) on the Response to Psilocybin-assisted Therapy in Individuals With Mild-moderate Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)", "normalized_title": "evaluating the effect of length of time on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ssris on the response to psilocybin assisted therapy in individuals with mild moderate major depressive disorder mdd", "authors": "Cybin Therapeutics Inc.", "abstract": "This study is an open-label, single-arm, within-subjects design in individuals with mild-moderate Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). All participants will receive a single dose of 25mg of psilocybin in a therapeutic setting. In order to investigate the effects of length of time on SSRI therapy, 30 participants with varying lengths of time on SSRI therapy will be enrolled, stratified into four groups: * Group 1: ≤ 1 year * Group 2: 1 to ≤ 5 years * Group 3: 5 to ≤ 10 years * Group 4: \\> 10 years The majority of clinical investigations with psilocybin to date either exclude participants on SSRIs or taper them off SSRIs prior to psilocybin administration. While evidence derived from the use of larger doses of psilocybin suggests that its predominately serotonergic effects are safe when administered in controlled settings, research investigating the effects of psilocybin with individuals taking SSRIs is lacking, despite the prevalent and chronic use of SSRIs in individuals with depression. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of length of time on SSRIs on psilocybin-assisted therapy response in individuals with MDD. Specifically, this feasibility study investigates participants who undergo a single-dose of psilocybin (25mg) in combination with pre- and post-dose therapy sessions. The follow-up period in the present study is 12 weeks (3 months).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-07-05", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05594667", "keywords": "Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, Mild Depression, Moderate Depression, Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, PEX010, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05594667\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3161, "title": "Psychoactive substances in psychotherapy - A vision for the future? - A systematic review on Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "psychoactive substances in psychotherapy a vision for the future a systematic review on psilocybin", "authors": "", "abstract": "This work is a literature review on the use of psilocybin in psychotherapeutic treatment of mental illnesses. The review answers the question of what opportunities and risks are associated with the use of the psychoactive substance psilocybin. Peer-reviewed studies between 2017 and 2022 were included. Nine studies were found regarding the following indications: tobacco addiction, anxiety and depressive states related to life-threatening cancer, as well as treatment-resistant depression. A rapid clinical improvement of various symptoms was observed. The greatest evidence for the use of psilocybin was found in treating tobacco addiction and anxiety and depression related to life-threatening illnesses. No serious adverse events were reported in the studies. However, current studies have limitations, such as small sample sizes, difficulties with blinding, and a treatment population considered non-representative. The results are not representative but provide indications of effective treatment and are a starting point for further studies.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-07-05", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/ztyxh_v1", "keywords": "depression, hallucinogens, mental health, Psilocybin, psychedelics, psychotherapy, review, systematic review, Psychiatry, Meta-science, Neuroscience, Computational Neuroscience, Life Sciences, Systems Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"ztyxh_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1438, "title": "Risk of bias in randomized clinical trials on psychedelic medicine: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "risk of bias in randomized clinical trials on psychedelic medicine a systematic review", "authors": "Hovmand OR, Poulsen ED, Arnfred S, Storebø OJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundThe classical psychedelics, psilocybin, peyote, ayahuasca/N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide are considered promising new treatments for psychiatric illnesses, such as depression, anxiety, addiction, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. However, their profound and characteristic subjective effects raise concern for distinctive biases in randomized clinical trials.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search to identify all clinical trials on classical psychedelics with patient populations to examine descriptive data and determine the risk of bias. Two independent reviewers searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and APA PsycNet) and extracted information on study design, study population, use of active or inactive placebo, dropouts, evaluation of blinding of intervention, and reporting of expectancy and therapeutic alliance.ResultsWe included 10 papers reporting on 10 unique trials. The trials generally included populations that were predominantly white and highly educated. The trials had small samples and considerable dropout. Blinding was either unsuccessful or not reported regardless of type of placebo. Few trials published protocols, statistical analysis plans (SAPs), and outcomes relating to psychotherapy fidelity. All trials but one were rated as high risk of bias.ConclusionSuccessful blinding of intervention is a significant challenge in this field. To better accommodate this, we suggest that future trials use a parallel-group design and utilize an active placebo on a psychedelic-naïve population. Future trials should publish trial protocol and SAPs, use clinician-rated outcomes accessed by a blinded rater, evaluate blinding of intervention, and consider measuring expectancy and therapeutic fidelity.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-07-03", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231180276", "pubmed_id": "37403379", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231180276", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37403379\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1434, "title": "Assessing potential of psilocybin for depressive disorders.", "normalized_title": "assessing potential of psilocybin for depressive disorders", "authors": "Kozak Z, Johnson MW, Aaronson ST.", "abstract": "IntroductionThere has been increasing interest in the role psilocybin may play in the treatment of depressive disorders. Several clinical trials have shown psilocybin to have efficacy in reducing symptoms of depression.AreascoveredWe discuss the current understanding of psilocybin's therapeutic mechanism of action and review existing clinical data investigating psilocybin as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of depression.Expert opinionThere is still much unknown regarding the risks of psilocybin treatment. When weighing the known risks and benefits of psilocybin treatment against those found in existing standards of care, among patients with depression, patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) may be the most suitable candidates for psilocybin treatment at this time.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-06-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/13543784.2023.2273493", "pubmed_id": "37869790", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/13543784.2023.2273493", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37869790\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1427, "title": "Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression without psychedelic effects: study protocol for a 4-week, double-blind, proof-of-concept randomised controlled trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression without psychedelic effects study protocol for a 4 week double blind proof of concept randomised controlled trial", "authors": "Muhammad Ishrat Husain, Daniel M. Blumberger, David Castle, Nicole Ledwos, Elise Fellows, Brett D. M. Jones, Abigail Ortiz, Stefan Kloiber, Wei Wang, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Benoit H. Mulsant", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of psilocybin have reported large antidepressant effects in adults with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Given psilocybin's psychedelic effects, all published studies have included psychological support. These effects depend on serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor activation, which can be blocked by 5-HT2A receptor antagonists like ketanserin or risperidone. In an animal model of depression, ketanserin followed by psilocybin had similar symptomatic effects as psilocybin alone. AIMS: To conduct a proof-of-concept RCT to (a) establish feasibility and tolerability of combining psilocybin and risperidone in adults with TRD, (b) show that this combination blocks the psychedelic effects of psilocybin and (c) provide pilot data on the antidepressant effect of this combination (compared with psilocybin alone). METHOD: In a 4-week, three-arm, 'double dummy' trial, 60 adults with TRD will be randomised to psilocybin 25 mg plus risperidone 1 mg, psilocybin 25 mg plus placebo, or placebo plus risperidone 1 mg. All participants will receive 12 h of manualised psychotherapy. Measures of feasibility will include recruitment and retention rates; tolerability and safety will be assessed by rates of drop-out attributed to adverse events and rates of serious adverse events. The 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale will be a secondary outcome measure. RESULTS: This trial will advance the understanding of psilocybin's mechanism of antidepressant action. CONCLUSIONS: This line of research could increase acceptability and access to psilocybin as a novel treatment for TRD without the need for a psychedelic experience and continuous monitoring.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2023-06-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2023.535", "pubmed_id": "37489299", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2023.535", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tolerability, Risperidone, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Adverse effect, Placebo, Antidepressant, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Treatment-resistant depression, Medicine, Internal medicine, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Anxiety, Pathology, Alternative medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385230722\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4385230722\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":41,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W183123008\",\"https://openalex.org/W1742833546\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991333985\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005536744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011148606\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020646491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059916690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062339243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078202556\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082494913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108696783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109935313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123552131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140815719\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165673785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2481029616\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626759055\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795594181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808857229\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981767691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3034152700\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086247180\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161972106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207135103\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223456429\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236805817\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292262959\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292528167\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301392523\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4319984222\",\"https://openalex.org/W6607541484\",\"https://openalex.org/W6637656337\",\"https://openalex.org/W6782785839\",\"https://openalex.org/W6849190221\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078217449\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-5750\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003880874\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel M. Blumberger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-5818\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052884442\",\"display_name\":\"David Castle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-1580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051154946\",\"display_name\":\"Nicole Ledwos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-3313\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031986806\",\"display_name\":\"Elise Fellows\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3649-3882\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079504997\",\"display_name\":\"Brett D. M. Jones\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3248-1059\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077520656\",\"display_name\":\"Abigail Ortiz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047723483\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Kloiber\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6838-4114\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100391883\",\"display_name\":\"Wei Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1430-1360\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050740394\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-2191\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019562259\",\"display_name\":\"Benoit H. Mulsant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-6450\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2023.535\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Randomized Controlled Trial,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4385230722" }, { "id": 1441, "title": "Australia to prescribe MDMA and psilocybin for PTSD and depression in world first", "normalized_title": "australia to prescribe mdma and psilocybin for ptsd and depression in world first", "authors": "Rich Haridy", "abstract": "", "journal": "Nature", "publication_date": "2023-06-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1038/d41586-023-02093-8", "pubmed_id": "37386185", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-02093-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MDMA, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4382515410\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4382515410\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":55,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206147469\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4368356691\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092356514\",\"display_name\":\"Rich Haridy\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S137773608\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-02093-8\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4382515410" }, { "id": 1440, "title": "Sub-acute effects of psilocybin on EEG correlates of neural plasticity in major depression: Relationship to symptoms", "normalized_title": "sub acute effects of psilocybin on eeg correlates of neural plasticity in major depression relationship to symptoms", "authors": "Patrick D. Skosnik, Jordan Sloshower, Hamideh Safi-Aghdam, Surbhi Pathania, Shariful A. Syed, Brian Pittman, Deepak Cyril D’Souza", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that serotonergic psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin), have rapid-acting and long-lasting antidepressant effects after a single dose. However, the mechanism underlying these effects remain unclear. One proposed mechanism is that these drugs promote neuroplasticity. However, this has not been conclusively demonstrated in humans. AIMS: We hypothesized that relative to placebo, psilocybin would: (1) increase electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of neuroplasticity, (2) reduce depression symptoms, and (3) changes in EEG would correlate with improvements in depression. METHODS: = 19) were administered placebo followed by psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) in a fixed order (placebo, followed by psilocybin 4 weeks later). EEG indices of neuroplasticity (tetanus-induced long-term potentiation) as assessed via auditory evoked theta (4-8 Hz) power and measures of depression (GRID Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17 (GRID-HAM-D-17)) were measured at several time-points after placebo and psilocybin (24 h and 2 weeks after each session). RESULTS: EEG theta power doubled in amplitude 2 weeks after a single psychedelic dose of psilocybin but not after placebo. Further, improvements in depression symptoms 2 weeks after psilocybin were correlated with increases in theta power. CONCLUSIONS: The increased theta power observed represents evidence of sustained changes in the brain following psilocybin. Given the correlation with enhancement in depressive symptoms, changes in theta may represent an EEG biomarker of the sustained effects of psilocybin, and may shed light on potential mechanisms of psilocybin's antidepressant effect. Taken together, these results complement the emerging notion that psilocybin, and perhaps other psychedelics, can produce long-term alterations in neuroplasticity.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-06-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231179800", "pubmed_id": "37392016", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231179800", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Electroencephalography, Antidepressant, Psychology, Placebo, Neuroplasticity, Hallucinogen, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Anesthesia, Medicine, Hippocampus, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4382776629\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4382776629\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":47,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1581945700\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963727074\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965148737\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000876197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009196600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014904526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022047741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027320657\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027572751\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040149530\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046198005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049511526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052791472\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089417699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114512489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115900486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124459698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141998004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2210159539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622487331\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795218432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884128237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889525702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933363539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086471578\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133698909\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197942722\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207365630\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210518899\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285007883\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310466310\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028783771\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick D. Skosnik\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6093-2625\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080146983\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Sloshower\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045156614\",\"display_name\":\"Hamideh Safi-Aghdam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040839772\",\"display_name\":\"Surbhi Pathania\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015648875\",\"display_name\":\"Shariful A. Syed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8636-8089\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056238262\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Pittman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-5604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081806198\",\"display_name\":\"Deepak Cyril D’Souza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-1462\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231179800\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4382776629" }, { "id": 1394, "title": "Clinical specificity profile for novel rapid acting antidepressant drugs.", "normalized_title": "clinical specificity profile for novel rapid acting antidepressant drugs", "authors": "Scala M, Fanelli G, De Ronchi D, Serretti A, Fabbri C.", "abstract": "Mood disorders are recurrent/chronic diseases with variable clinical remission rates. Available antidepressants are not effective in all patients and often show a relevant response latency, with a range of adverse events, including weight gain and sexual dysfunction. Novel rapid agents were developed with the aim of overcoming at least in part these issues. Novel drugs target glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, orexin, and other receptors, providing a broader range of pharmacodynamic mechanisms, that is, expected to increase the possibility of personalizing treatments on the individual clinical profile. These new drugs were developed with the aim of combining a rapid action, a tolerable profile, and higher effectiveness on specific symptoms, which were relatively poorly targeted by standard antidepressants, such as anhedonia and response to reward, suicidal ideation/behaviours, insomnia, cognitive deficits, and irritability. This review discusses the clinical specificity profile of new antidepressants, namely 4-chlorokynurenine (AV-101), dextromethorphan-bupropion, pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one (PH-10), pimavanserin, PRAX-114, psilocybin, esmethadone (REL-1017/dextromethadone), seltorexant (JNJ-42847922/MIN-202), and zuranolone (SAGE-217). The main aim is to provide an overview of the efficacy/tolerability of these compounds in patients with mood disorders having different symptom/comorbidity patterns, to help clinicians in the optimization of the risk/benefit ratio when prescribing these drugs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-06-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1097/yic.0000000000000488", "pubmed_id": "37381161", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/yic.0000000000000488", "keywords": "Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Bupropion, Antidepressive Agents, Comorbidity, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37381161\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3538, "title": "Investigating the Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin in Treatment-Resistant Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder", "normalized_title": "investigating the therapeutic effects of psilocybin in treatment resistant post traumatic stress disorder", "authors": "Halucenex Life Sciences Inc.", "abstract": "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex disorder expressed as a variety of neurobiological symptoms, including anxiety, re-experiencing, hyperarousal, and avoidance symptoms, along with comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and increased risk for self-medicating substance abuse. Currently, there are only two approved medications in the United States (US) for PTSD, paroxetine and sertraline. Psychedelic medications, including psilocybin, have recently received breakthrough designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other psychiatric indications. Although no formal clinical trials have yet investigated psychedelic substances for the treatment of PTSD, the available evidence warrants such an investigation. The present study aims to investigate the effect of psilocybin on treatment-resistant PTSD. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex disorder expressed as a variety of neurobiological symptoms, including anxiety, re-experiencing, hyperarousal, and avoidance symptoms, along with comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and increased risk for self-medicating substance abuse. Currently, there are only two approved medications in the United States (US) for PTSD, paroxetine and sertraline. These selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have limited efficacy. Furthermore, there is a lack of efficacious pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant PTSD; PTSD remains a chronic and sometimes debilitating condition. New research into other treatment options for PTSD are warranted. Psychedelic medications, including psilocybin, have recently received breakthrough designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other psychiatric indications. Psilocybin has received breakthrough designation for treatment of depression. Research on psilocybin has shown that it facilitates fear extinction in mice and promotes neuroplasticity, increasing neurogenesis, spinogenesis and synaptogenesis. These properties may contribute to antidepressive and anxiolytic effects. Psilocybin also reduces activity in the amygdala during threat responses; decreased amygdala reactivity is correlated with positive mood. This is particularly relevant since individuals with PTSD showed increased reactivity in the amygdala, which may increase the ability to process traumatic memories. Although no formal clinical trials have yet investigated psychedelic substances for the treatment of PTSD, the available evidence warrants such an investigation. The present study aims to investigate the effect of psilocybin on treatment-resistant PTSD.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-06-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05243329", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Disorders, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Psilocybin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05243329\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1098, "title": "Psilocybin's Potential Mechanisms in the Treatment of Depression: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s potential mechanisms in the treatment of depression a systematic review", "authors": "Lee HJ, Tsang VW, Chai BS, Lin MC, Howard A, Uy C, Elefante JO.", "abstract": "Evidence suggests that psilocybin has therapeutic benefit for treating depression. However, there is little consensus regarding the mechanism by which psilocybin elicits antidepressant effects. This systematic review summarizes existing evidence. Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, psychINFO, and Web of Science were searched, for both human and animal studies, using a combination of MeSH Terms and free-text keywords in September 2021. No other mood disorders or psychiatric diagnoses were included. Original papers in English were included. The PRISMA framework was followed for the screening of papers. Two researchers screened the retrieved articles from the literature search, and a third researcher resolved any conflicts. Of 2,193 papers identified, 49 were selected for full-text review. 14 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. Six supported psilocybin's mechanism of antidepressant action via changes to serotonin or glutamate receptor activity and three papers found an increase in synaptogenesis. Thirteen papers investigated changes in non-receptor or pathway-specific brain activity. Five papers found changes in functional connectivity or neurotransmission, most commonly in the hippocampus or prefrontal cortex. Several neuroreceptors, neurotransmitters, and brain areas are thought to be involved in psilocybin's ability to mitigate depressive symptoms. Psilocybin appears to alter cerebral blood flow to the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, but the evidence on changes in functional connectivity and specific receptor activity remains sparse. The lack of consensus between studies suggests that psilocybin's mechanism of action may involve a variety of pathways, demonstrating the need for more studies on psilocybin's mechanism of action as an antidepressant.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-06-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2023.2223195", "pubmed_id": "37385217", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2023.2223195", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37385217\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1418, "title": "Molecular mechanisms of rapid-acting antidepressants: New perspectives for developing antidepressants.", "normalized_title": "molecular mechanisms of rapid acting antidepressants new perspectives for developing antidepressants", "authors": "Chen T, Cheng L, Ma J, Yuan J, Pi C, Xiong L, Chen J, Liu H, Tang J, Zhong Y, Zhang X, Liu Z, Zuo Y, Shen H, Wei Y, Zhao L.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic relapsing psychiatric disorder. Conventional antidepressants usually require several weeks of continuous administration to exert clinically significant therapeutic effects, while about two-thirds of the patients are prone to relapse of symptoms or are completely ineffective in antidepressant treatment. The recent success of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant has propelled extensive research on the action mechanism of antidepressants, especially in relation to its role in synaptic targets. Studies have revealed that the mechanism of antidepressant action of ketamine is not limited to antagonism of postsynaptic NMDA receptors or GABA interneurons. Ketamine produces powerful and rapid antidepressant effects by affecting α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptors, adenosine A1 receptors, and the L-type calcium channels, among others in the synapse. More interestingly, the 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocybin has demonstrated potential for rapid antidepressant effects in depressed mouse models and clinical studies. This article focuses on a review of new pharmacological target studies of emerging rapid-acting antidepressant drugs such as ketamine and hallucinogens (e.g., psilocybin) and briefly discusses the possible strategies for new targets of antidepressants, with a view to shed light on the direction of future antidepressant research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-06-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106837", "pubmed_id": "37379962", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106837", "keywords": "Animals, Mice, Disease Models, Animal, Ketamine, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Antidepressive Agents, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37379962\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3771, "title": "Self-treatment of parental neglect-induced mixed anxiety and depressive disorder with psilocybin - A retrospective case study", "normalized_title": "self treatment of parental neglect induced mixed anxiety and depressive disorder with psilocybin a retrospective case study", "authors": "Turkia M.", "abstract": "This article presents the case of a young woman in her mid-twenties with a history of depression since childhood. She lived with a mother who failed to take care of her. The patient cared for the emotional needs of the mother instead of the mother caring for the daughter's needs. Her father was mostly absent. Already around the age of thirteen, the patient was severely depressed and was self-harming without anyone interfering with it. Eventually, her parents divorced when she was fourteen. Since then, she and her younger brother lived practically on their own for several years. She was 'unable to either recognize or process' her feelings, and assumed that she was supposed to 'serve others'. At the age of twenty, she moved in with a severely traumatized boyfriend. Compared to his, her childhood appeared 'very happy'. She was 'disconnected from her feelings' and 'could not understand what was wrong'. As she enrolled in a higher education facility, comparisons with other students made her realize that her own upbringing differed from theirs. She was unable to verbalize her problem, and the student healthcare system did not recommend psychotherapy for her. She was prescribed escitalopram, but it 'never worked'. Cannabis somewhat alleviated anxiety but led to passivity. Eventually, she tried psilocybin mushrooms. In the course of two years, she carried out four sessions with lower doses, and three sessions with conventional psychedelic doses of psilocybin. Subsequently, she considered her depression resolved. The mushrooms 'did not provide a swift solution' but 'played a major role' in the resolution of her depression. They enabled her to see that the root of her depression was in her adverse childhood experiences. Later, 'setting boundaries' and 'doing things as she wished' provided 'significant relief'. After this, she was also granted psychotherapy, which she utilized for 'psychedelic integration'. This case, along with previous case studies on the same approach, demonstrates that unsupervised self-treatment is a feasible, cost-effective, and relatively simple method, which could enable societies to overcome the cost and resource crisis of mental health care.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-06-08", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/qyce5", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qyce5", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:20", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR673882\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3387, "title": "The treatment of abandonment anxiety with MDMA and LSD", "normalized_title": "the treatment of abandonment anxiety with mdma and lsd", "authors": "", "abstract": "This retrospective study presents the case of a young woman in her mid-twenties who suffered from insecurity and abandonment-related anxiety, which intensified after a breakup of her relationship. Her parents' alcoholism and schizophrenia, as well as emotional and physical violence, had been a part of her childhood, but they had appeared 'normal' to her. Her parents and relatives had not benefited from conventional therapies, which led her to conclude that they would not benefit her either. A friend introduced her to psychedelics, which she initially found strange. She participated in a few psilocybin mushroom ceremonies but felt that there was a lack of supportive structure between ceremonies. Subsequently, she found a therapist who utilized Internal Family Systems (IFS) methodology, MDMA, and LSD. In the course of 1.5 years, she attended thirteen sessions with a therapist, eighteen unsupervised self-treatment sessions, and almost weekly additional IFS-only sessions. In the beginning, MDMA was utilized in the sessions; later, it was replaced by LSD. The dosages were relatively high (120-400 mg of MDMA, or 400-600 µg of LSD). The most important experience was a reliving of her birth trauma. She described it as perfectly aligned with the model presented by Stanislav Grof. Its essence was the experience of abandonment, which represented a core around which her whole life had been organized. Becoming conscious of this core made her life history appear understandable and explainable. Typical emotions to process had included deep sorrow and feelings of betrayal. She considered that the process had benefited her enormously, especially because the therapist had extensive personal experience of these medicines as well as the same psychedelic states and types of experience. The therapist had thus been able to provide a clear 'route map' within which her experiences fit. She had resolved her fear of abandonment, ceased to blame herself for her past, and experienced 'grace'. She found that many of her experiences represented allegories of events found in the Bible and religious art. The healing process was still ongoing, with each session producing additional benefits. She considered the process so interesting that she intended to continue it for the rest of her life. Her aim was to stop further transmission of transgenerational trauma. She stated that everyone should go through a similar process.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-06-08", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/pw2tf_v1", "keywords": "psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic therapy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Dissociative Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Trauma and Stress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"pw2tf_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3229, "title": "Self-treatment of parental neglect-induced mixed anxiety and depressive disorder with psilocybin - A retrospective case study", "normalized_title": "self treatment of parental neglect induced mixed anxiety and depressive disorder with psilocybin a retrospective case study", "authors": "", "abstract": "This article presents the case of a young woman in her mid-twenties with a history of depression since childhood. She lived with a mother who failed to take care of her. The patient cared for the emotional needs of the mother instead of the mother caring for the daughter's needs. Her father was mostly absent. Already around the age of thirteen, the patient was severely depressed and was self-harming without anyone interfering with it. Eventually, her parents divorced when she was fourteen. Since then, she and her younger brother lived practically on their own for several years. She was 'unable to either recognize or process' her feelings, and assumed that she was supposed to 'serve others'. At the age of twenty, she moved in with a severely traumatized boyfriend. Compared to his, her childhood appeared 'very happy'. She was 'disconnected from her feelings' and 'could not understand what was wrong'. As she enrolled in a higher education facility, comparisons with other students made her realize that her own upbringing differed from theirs. She was unable to verbalize her problem, and the student healthcare system did not recommend psychotherapy for her. She was prescribed escitalopram, but it 'never worked'. Cannabis somewhat alleviated anxiety but led to passivity. Eventually, she tried psilocybin mushrooms. In the course of two years, she carried out four sessions with lower doses, and three sessions with conventional psychedelic doses of psilocybin. Subsequently, she considered her depression resolved. The mushrooms 'did not provide a swift solution' but 'played a major role' in the resolution of her depression. They enabled her to see that the root of her depression was in her adverse childhood experiences. Later, 'setting boundaries' and 'doing things as she wished' provided 'significant relief'. After this, she was also granted psychotherapy, which she utilized for 'psychedelic integration'. This case, along with previous case studies on the same approach, demonstrates that unsupervised self-treatment is a feasible, cost-effective, and relatively simple method, which could enable societies to overcome the cost and resource crisis of mental health care.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-06-08", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/qyce5_v1", "keywords": "psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic therapy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Trauma and Stress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"qyce5_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1468, "title": "No trip needed for psychedelics to lift mood?", "normalized_title": "no trip needed for psychedelics to lift mood", "authors": "O'Grady C.", "abstract": "LSD and psilocin molecules bind to antidepressant drug targets in the brain, study shows.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-06-07", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1126/science.adj1031", "pubmed_id": "37289868", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj1031", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Mice, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, trkB, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37289868\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4379792537" }, { "id": 1443, "title": "Attenuation of psilocybin mushroom effects during and after SSRI/SNRI antidepressant use", "normalized_title": "attenuation of psilocybin mushroom effects during and after ssri snri antidepressant use", "authors": "Natalie Gukasyan, Roland R. Griffiths, David B. Yaden, Denis Antoine, Sandeep M. Nayak", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin is being studied for depression, but little is known about how it interacts with common antidepressants. Limited data suggest that psilocybin’s effects may be diminished by serotonergic antidepressants acutely and even after a medication washout period. Aims: To learn the extent to which antidepressants may diminish the effects of psilocybin-containing mushrooms both concurrently and after discontinuation of antidepressants. Methods: Online retrospective survey of individuals with use of psilocybin mushrooms (1) with an antidepressant and/or (2) within 2 years of discontinuing an antidepressant. Participants who took mushrooms with an antidepressant and either took the same dose pre-antidepressant or took the same dose with other people not on antidepressant reported the strength of drug effects relative to their expectation. Participants who took mushrooms following discontinuation of an antidepressant also reported the presence of weakened effects. Results: In reports ( n = 611) of taking mushrooms with an antidepressant, probabilities [95% CI] of weaker than expected drug effects were 0.47 [0.41-0.54] (selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs), 0.55 [0.44-0.67] (serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, SNRIs) and 0.29 [0.2-0.39] (bupropion). Following SSRI/SNRI discontinuation ( n = 1,542 reports), the probability of reduced drug effects was not significantly different from the earliest post-discontinuation timepoint (within 1 week) until 3-6 months, probability = 0.3 [0.20-0.46], p = 0.001. A sensitivity analysis found that removing responses involving fluoxetine, which has an especially long half-life, did not significantly alter this result. Conclusions: SSRI/SNRIs appear to weaken psilocybin drug effects relative to a non-serotonergic antidepressant. This dampening effect may last as long as 3 months following antidepressant discontinuation.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-06-07", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231179910", "pubmed_id": "37291890", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231179910", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Fluoxetine, Discontinuation, Bupropion, Reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Serotonergic, Pharmacology, Psychology, Medicine, Sertraline, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Serotonin, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Receptor, Pathology, Smoking cessation, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379967727\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":58,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1975365005\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976132069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002554882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039613541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045488830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071034105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152250921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919124707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969982843\",\"https://openalex.org/W3026560467\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204219363\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205655574\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220686515\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4353017554\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039486115\",\"display_name\":\"David B. Yaden\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9604-6227\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088527444\",\"display_name\":\"Denis Antoine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-0961\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231179910\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4379967727" }, { "id": 3153, "title": "Reduced brain responsiveness to emotional stimuli with escitalopram but not psilocybin therapy for depression", "normalized_title": "reduced brain responsiveness to emotional stimuli with escitalopram but not psilocybin therapy for depression", "authors": "Wall MB, Demetriou L, Giribaldi B, Roseman L, Ertl N, Erritzoe D, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy is an emerging intervention for depression that may be at least as effective as standard first-line treatments i.e., Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs). Here we assess neural responses to emotional faces (fear, happy, and neutral) using Blood Oxygen-Level Dependent (BOLD) functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in two groups with major depressive disorder: 1) a ‘psilocybin group’ that received two dosing sessions with 25mg plus six weeks of daily placebo, and 2) an ‘escitalopram group’ that received six weeks of the SSRI escitalopram, plus two dosing sessions with an inactive/placebo dose of 1mg psilocybin. Both groups had an equal amount of psychological support throughout. An emotional face fMRI paradigm was completed at baseline (pre-treatment) and at the six-week post-treatment primary endpoint (three weeks following psilocybin dosing sessions). An analysis examining the interaction between patient group (psilocybin vs. escitalopram) and time-point (pre-vs. post-treatment) showed a robust effect in a distributed network of cortical brain regions. Follow-up analyses showed that post-treatment BOLD responses to emotional faces of all types were significantly reduced in the escitalopram group, with no change, or even a slight increase, in the psilocybin group. Specific analyses of the amygdala showed a reduction of response to fear faces in the escitalopram group, but no effects for the psilocybin group. Despite large improvements in depressive symptoms in the psilocybin group, psilocybin-therapy had only a minor effect on brain responsiveness to emotional stimuli. We suggest that reduced emotional responsiveness may be a biomarker of SSRIs’ antidepressant action that is not shared by psilocybin-therapy.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-06-02", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.05.29.23290667", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.29.23290667", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR670172\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4808, "title": "Psilocybin therapy: A novel approach to treating depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy a novel approach to treating depression", "authors": "Tooba Noor, Areej Shakil, Aimen Waqar Khan, Syeda Mahrukh Fatima Zaidi, Hussain Sohail Rangwala, Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala", "abstract": "The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a surge in depression cases, a pervasive and debilitating mental illness1. This trend is evident in the increased prescriptions for antidepressants. Depression is a chronic condition that affects a significant proportion of the global population, with ~280 million people, or about 3.8%, suffering from it. As a result, it is a significant mental health concern worldwide2. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in the United Kingdom recommends medication as the primary treatment for individuals with moderate to severe depression. However, it has limitations and may yield unsatisfactory outcomes. Conversely, research suggests that psychological interventions, social support, and exercise are significant factors in addressing depression3. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD), which refers to the failure to achieve remission after multiple attempts of first-line antidepressants, is a significant limitation of pharmacotherapy. The Sequenced Therapy Alternatives to Relieve Depression experiment has demonstrated the challenge of treating TRD4. Approximately 30% of individuals receiving treatment for a severe episode of depression experience TRD, which is associated with more severe illness, increased risk of recurrence, prolonged functional impairments, medical comorbidities, and higher rates of suicidal ideation and nonsuicidal deaths5. Depression is one of the primary causes of suicide, with over 700,000 reported deaths from suicide annually. Reports from clinical experience and data from placebo-controlled trials indicate that suicidal thoughts and behaviors may increase during the initial weeks of antidepressant treatment in young adults and adolescents2. Moreover, conventional antidepressants pose challenges such as a delayed onset of action that can take up to 4 weeks or more to manifest, as well as common side effects including sexual dysfunction, loss of libido, headaches, gastrointestinal problems, anxiety, and agitation. Discontinuation of these medications and high rates of relapse are also concerns6. Hence, there is a need to review current treatment approaches and incorporate novel, fast-acting therapies that result in sustained remission. Neuroimaging research has revealed that depression is characterized by abnormal brain functioning, particularly in the default mode network, which is associated with self-awareness and tends to be overactive in depression. Other higher-order brain networks, such as the executive network and salience network, have also been linked to depression. Interestingly, the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor subtype, which is the primary binding site for traditional serotonergic psychedelic drugs like psilocybin, is highly expressed in a cortical region that closely resembles a conjunction map of the default mode network, executive network, and salience network1. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring indoleamine found in mushrooms, which rapidly breaks down in living tissue to form psilocin, the hallucinogenic component that produces psychedelic effects similar to serotonin7. In 1957, Wasson first proposed that serotonergic hallucinogens could be used to treat depression, but research on their therapeutic potential was suspended due to societal and political issues. However, in recent years, with multiple successful studies and advances in neurobiology, research on the potential therapeutic benefits of psilocybin for depression has been revived8. Over the past 15 years, at least 6 clinical trials have documented significant reductions in depression symptoms with psilocybin therapy9. One of these trials was an open-label study in TRD with pretreatment and post-treatment functional magnetic resonance imaging, which showed a reduction in brain modularity linked to improvements in depressed symptomatology10. Notably, escitalopram, a common SSRI antidepressant, did not cause any changes in modularity, suggesting that this antidepressant activity may be unique to psilocybin therapy11. Psilocybin also induces an altered consciousness or hallucinogenic experience, which is thought to play a crucial role in its therapeutic effects for depression. The psychedelic experience is believed to promote introspection, emotional processing, and insights into one’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, leading to increased self-awareness, changes in perception, and shifts in perspective that can result in meaningful and long-lasting changes in mood and behavior12. Psilocybin therapy for depression typically involves a structured and supervised approach, with a trained therapist providing support and guidance throughout the experience. The therapy session may also include preparatory and integrative elements to optimize the therapeutic outcome. Recent clinical trials have shown promising results, with rapid reductions in depressive symptoms observed after just 1 or 2 sessions of psilocybin-assisted therapy and sustained treatment response rates that persist for several weeks or even months after treatment13. One of the unique aspects of psilocybin therapy is its potential for a rapid onset of action, with many patients reporting improvements in mood and well-being within hours or days after a single session. This is in stark contrast to traditional antidepressant medications, which typically take weeks or even months to show significant effects. The rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of psilocybin therapy may be particularly beneficial for individuals with severe depression or TRD, who may not respond adequately to conventional treatments14. Furthermore, psilocybin therapy has been reported to be well-tolerated, with a low risk of addiction and minimal withdrawal symptoms. Unlike some traditional antidepressants, which can cause side effects such as sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal issues, and anxiety, psilocybin therapy is generally considered to be safe and well-tolerated when administered in controlled settings by trained professionals15. Despite the promising results, it is important to note that psilocybin therapy is not without risks. The psychedelic experience induced by psilocybin can be intense and overwhelming and may not be suitable for everyone. It may also cause transient psychological distress, such as anxiety, fear, or confusion during the session. Therefore, it requires careful screening, preparation, and integration to ensure safe and optimal outcomes. In addition, the long-term effects of repeated psilocybin therapy are still unknown, and further research is needed to fully understand its safety and potential risks16. In conclusion, psilocybin therapy has shown promising results as a novel and potentially effective treatment for depression, particularly for individuals with TRD or those who do not respond adequately to traditional antidepressant medications. The rapid onset of action, sustained treatment response rates, and unique psychological effects of psilocybin therapy make it a compelling option for further research and exploration in the field of mental health. However, it is important to approach psilocybin therapy with caution, ensuring proper screening, preparation, and integration, and further research is needed to fully understand its safety, optimal dosages, and long-term effects. Psilocybin therapy may represent a paradigm shift in the treatment of depression, but it should only be administered in controlled settings by trained professionals as part of an integrated treatment approach. Ethical approval Not applicable. Sources of funding None. Author contribution The conceptualization was done by TN and BSR. The literature and drafting of the manuscript were conducted by TN, AS, AWK, SMFZ and HSR. The editing and supervision were performed by BSR. All authors have read and agreed to the final version of the manuscript. Conflict of interest disclosures The authors declare that they have no financial conflict of interest with regard to the content of this report. Research registration unique identifying number (UIN) Not applicable. Guarantor All authors take responsibility for the work, access to data and decision to publish.", "journal": "International Journal of Surgery Global Health", "publication_date": "2023-06-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1097/gh9.0000000000000175", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000175", "keywords": "Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Suicidal ideation, Medicine, Mental health, Antidepressant, Treatment-resistant depression, Medical prescription, Pharmacotherapy, Population, Psychological intervention, Suicide prevention, Poison control, Anxiety, Emergency medicine, Pharmacology, Environmental health, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379142909\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379142909\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2104320372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784340661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990102866\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036992158\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135335789\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216164364\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297478109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311908682\",\"https://openalex.org/W6745059603\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027735343\",\"display_name\":\"Tooba Noor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-3014\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108922183\",\"display_name\":\"Areej Shakil\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013027499\",\"display_name\":\"Aimen Waqar Khan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-8328\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086504723\",\"display_name\":\"Syeda Mahrukh Fatima Zaidi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080006814\",\"display_name\":\"Hussain Sohail Rangwala\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2167-3481\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036522565\",\"display_name\":\"Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5812-9049\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210188486\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Surgery Global Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000175\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Aging,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adolescents,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4379142909" }, { "id": 1330, "title": "Cost-effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted therapy for severe depression: exploratory findings from a decision analytic model", "normalized_title": "cost effectiveness of psilocybin assisted therapy for severe depression exploratory findings from a decision analytic model", "authors": "Paul McCrone, Henry Fisher, Clare Knight, Rebecca Harding, Anne Katrin Schlag, David Nutt, Joanna C. Neill", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence to support the use of the psychedelic drug psilocybin for difficult-to-treat depression. This paper compares the cost-effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) with conventional medication, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), and the combination of conventional medication and CBT. METHODS: A decision model simulated patient events (response, remission, and relapse) following treatment. Data on probabilities, costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were derived from previous studies or from best estimates. Expected healthcare and societal costs and QALYs over a 6-month time period were calculated. Sensitivity analyses were used to address uncertainty in parameter estimates. RESULTS: The expected healthcare cost of PAP varied from £6132 to £7652 depending on the price of psilocybin. This compares to £3528 for conventional medication alone, £4250 for CBT alone, and £4197 for their combination. QALYs were highest for psilocybin (0.310), followed by CBT alone (0.283), conventional medication alone (0.278), and their combination (0.287). Psilocybin was shown to be cost-effective compared to the other therapies when the cost of therapist support was reduced by 50% and the psilocybin price was reduced from its initial value to £400 to £800 per person. From a societal perspective, psilocybin had improved cost-effectiveness compared to a healthcare perspective. CONCLUSIONS: Psilocybin has the potential to be a cost-effective therapy for severe depression. This depends on the level of psychological support that is given to patients receiving psilocybin and the price of the drug itself. Further data on long-term outcomes are required to improve the evidence base.", "journal": "Psychological Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-06-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1017/s0033291723001411", "pubmed_id": "37264950", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723001411", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379095570\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":33,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W155662389\",\"https://openalex.org/W1866514937\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097229930\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128264965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139846893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2204342160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2777253753\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2997561398\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004910645\",\"https://openalex.org/W3018385823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082721315\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083797211\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110538873\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158141024\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204230901\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210162930\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220956513\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062699494\",\"display_name\":\"Paul McCrone\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7001-4502\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102518873\",\"display_name\":\"Henry Fisher\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052718166\",\"display_name\":\"Clare Knight\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110297305\",\"display_name\":\"Rebecca Harding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2701-6930\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080895600\",\"display_name\":\"Anne Katrin Schlag\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2074-1917\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049098570\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna C. Neill\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-9739\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S71144982\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychological Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723001411\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4379095570" }, { "id": 1295, "title": "Personality change in a trial of psilocybin therapy v. escitalopram treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "personality change in a trial of psilocybin therapy v escitalopram treatment for depression", "authors": "Brandon Weiss, Induni Ginige, Lu Shannon, Bruna Giribaldi, Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner, Roberta Murphy, Michelle Baker-Jones, Jonny Martell, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, David Erritzøe", "abstract": "Abstract Background Psilocybin Therapy (PT) is being increasingly studied as a psychiatric intervention. Personality relates to mental health and can be used to probe the nature of PT's therapeutic action. Methods In a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, active comparator controlled trial involving patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, we compared psilocybin with escitalopram, over a core 6-week trial period. Five-Factor model personality domains, Big Five Aspect Scale Openness aspects, Absorption, and Impulsivity were measured at Baseline, Week 6, and Month 6 follow-up. Results PT was associated with decreases in neuroticism ( B = −0.63), introversion ( B = −0.38), disagreeableness ( B = −0.47), impulsivity ( B = −0.40), and increases in absorption ( B = 0.32), conscientiousness ( B = 0.30), and openness ( B = 0.23) at week 6, with neuroticism ( B = −0.47) and disagreeableness ( B = −0.41) remaining decreased at month 6. Escitalopram Treatment (ET) was associated with decreases in neuroticism ( B = −0.38), disagreeableness ( B = −0.26), impulsivity ( B = −0.35), and increases in openness ( B = 0.28) at week 6, with neuroticism ( B = −0.46) remaining decreased at month 6. No significant between-condition differences were observed. Conclusions Personality changes across both conditions were in a direction consistent with improved mental health. With the possible exception of trait absorption, there were no compelling between-condition differences warranting conclusions regarding a selective action of PT ( v. ET) on personality; however, post-ET changes in personality were significantly moderated by pre-trial positive expectancy for escitalopram, whereas expectancy did not moderate response to PT.", "journal": "Psychological Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-06-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1017/s0033291723001514", "pubmed_id": "37264814", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723001514", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Neuroticism, Psychology, Impulsivity, Personality, Psychiatry, Big Five personality traits, Psychoticism, Clinical psychology, Extraversion and introversion, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Social psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": 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W4327895864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4362452269\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"https://openalex.org/W6602840635\",\"https://openalex.org/W6604362506\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682805512\",\"https://openalex.org/W6720885068\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015600817\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092070827\",\"display_name\":\"Induni Ginige\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104123769\",\"display_name\":\"Lu Shannon\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111666675\",\"display_name\":\"Roberta Murphy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055877835\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S71144982\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychological Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291723001514\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Personality Change,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4379093876" }, { "id": 4810, "title": "Long term efficacy of psilocybin in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder (MDD).", "normalized_title": "long term efficacy of psilocybin in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder mdd", "authors": "Manish Agrawal, Sarah Shnayder, Heather Honstein, Ezekiel Emanuel, Paul Thambi", "abstract": "12021 Background: Up to 25% of people living with cancer have depression. Existing psychological interventions have limited efficacy in treating depression. Psilocybin, a 5-hydroytrptamintergic psychedelic, coupled with group therapy is safe and effective in ameliorating symptoms of depression (Agrawal et al, ASCO2022). Response to psilocybin treatment was observed in 83.3% of patients at 8 weeks, and 50% of patients showed full remission of depressive symptoms. This study evaluates the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted group therapy in relieving depression in cancer patients over 18 months. Methods: Adults with curable or metastatic cancer and MDD (according to DSM-5) underwent psychological assessments at baseline. They were treated with single-dose psilocybin 25 mg administered simultaneously in group cohorts of 3-4, supported with group and individual psychological therapy, and evaluated at 8 weeks and 18 months. Primary objectives were long-term effectiveness on depression and anxiety severity (as measured by change in Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAM-A] scores by independent rater assessments) as well as clinical response (≥50% decrease in MADRS total score from baseline to 18 months) and remission (defined as patients with a MADRS total score ≤10 at 18 months). Results: Of 30 patients enrolled in the parent study, 2 died and 4 were lost to follow-up. Clinical response was demonstrated in 18/28 patients (64.2%) from baseline to 18 months follow-up (see table); 16/28 patients (57.1%) demonstrated remission of depression at 18 months. In 24 evaluable patients, continued reduction in mean depression severity scores was also demonstrated from baseline to week 8 (MADRS by 20.6 points [95% CI23.2, 18.0, p < 0.001] and HAMA-A by 16.7 points [95% CI19.7, 13.7, p < 0.001]) and from baseline to 18 months (MADRS by 16.7 points [95% CI20.4, 12.9, p < 0.001] and HAMA-A by 14.4 points [95% CI17.3, 11.4, p < 0.001]). Conclusions: Long-term follow-up suggests continued robust clinical response and remission from depression with a single dose of psilocybin and simultaneous psychological support in patients with cancer and MDD. These findings indicate psilocybin may play a role in treatment of depression in cancer patients, and further investigations are ongoing. [Table: see text]", "journal": "Journal of Clinical Oncology", "publication_date": "2023-05-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.12021", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.12021", "keywords": "Medicine, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Rating scale, Internal medicine, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Amygdala, Economics, Developmental psychology, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379281082\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4379281082\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083533154\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-0582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038515583\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Shnayder\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5092083232\",\"display_name\":\"Heather Honstein\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012567636\",\"display_name\":\"Ezekiel Emanuel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-5735\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S15137598\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Clinical Oncology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.12021\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Observational Study,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4379281082" }, { "id": 1466, "title": "Examining the Rationale for Studying Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Caregiver Distress.", "normalized_title": "examining the rationale for studying psychedelic assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of caregiver distress", "authors": "Gold ND, Podrebarac SK, White LA, Marini C, Simon NM, Mittelman MS, Ross S, Bogenschutz MP, Petridis PD", "abstract": "More than 50 million people in the United States serve as uncompensated informal caregivers to chronically ill friends or family members. Providing care to a sick loved one can contribute to personal growth but can also cause significant strain. Caregiver distress refers to a constellation of physiological, psychological, interpersonal, and spiritual impairments that typically result when an individual's own health becomes affected while caring for another. Caregiver distress is highly prevalent, affecting an estimated 30-70% of individuals across various caregiver populations. Although evidence-based treatments for caregiver distress exist, they do not sufficiently address all its components. In recent years, clinical trials have demonstrated that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) may have applications for treating a range of medical and psychiatric conditions that have significant overlap in symptoms to those seen in caregiver distress. While no studies to date have examined PAP for caregiver distress, this article provides a rationale for investigating PAP as a potential novel treatment for this indication. A narrative review on the effects and clinical applications of PAP that significantly overlap with the dimensions of caregiver distress was conducted. Safety considerations, psychedelic selection, and therapeutic structure for studying PAP in the treatment of caregiver distress were also examined. Psychologically, PAP has been shown to treat anxiety, depression, and reduce suicidal ideation. Physiologically, evidence suggests that psychedelics have anti-inflammatory properties, which may aid caregivers suffering from chronic inflammation. Interpersonally, PAP has been demonstrated to enhance feelings of empathy, connectedness, and strengthen social relationships, which can often become strained while caregiving. Spiritually, PAP has been shown to ameliorate existential distress and hopelessness in cancer patients, which may similarly benefit demoralized caregivers. PAP has the potential to comprehensively treat all biopsychosocial-spiritual dimensions of caregiver distress.", "journal": "Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.)", "publication_date": "2023-05-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2022.0011", "pubmed_id": "40046728", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40046728/", "keywords": "MDMA, biopsychosocial-spiritual, caregiver burden, caregiver distress, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"40046728\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1366, "title": "Letter to the editor on \"Increased low-frequency brain responses to music after psilocybin therapy for depression\".", "normalized_title": "letter to the editor on increased low frequency brain responses to music after psilocybin therapy for depression", "authors": "Brown O.", "abstract": "The recent publication in the Journal of Affective Disorders titled \"Increased low-frequency brain responses to music after psilocybin therapy for depression\" identified significant region-of-interest based effects of treatment in the task scans. In this letter to the editor, I am hoping to raise methodological concerns with regards to the ANOVA ROI analysis that were otherwise not acknowledged in this study. These concerns raise questions as to the impact of confounds, including as age and biological sex, on the reported proportion variance explained by the effects of psilocybin treatment for depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.088", "pubmed_id": "37257781", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.088", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Music, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37257781\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1186, "title": "Evidence versus expectancy: the development of psilocybin therapy", "normalized_title": "evidence versus expectancy the development of psilocybin therapy", "authors": "James Rucker", "abstract": "SUMMARY: Although the development of psilocybin therapy has come as a surprise to many, modern research with the drug has been ongoing for 25 years. Psilocybin therapy is composed of psilocybin dosing sessions embedded within a wider process of psychoeducation, psychological support and integration. Early phase clinical trial evidence is promising, particularly for treatment-resistant depression. However, masking probably fails and expectancy effects may be a part of the mechanism of change. Disambiguating between drug and expectancy effects is a necessary part of the development process, yet this is difficult if masking fails. Hitherto, masking and expectancy have not been routinely measured in psilocybin or other medication trials. Doing so represents an opportunity for research and may influence psychiatry more widely. In this opinion piece I summarise the clinical development process of psilocybin therapy thus far, discussing the hope, the hype, the challenges and the opportunities along the way.", "journal": "BJPsych Bulletin", "publication_date": "2023-05-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1192/bjb.2023.28", "pubmed_id": "37246405", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2023.28", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Expectancy theory, Psychology, Masking (illustration), Clinical trial, Psychoeducation, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Social psychology, Psychological intervention, Pathology, Art, Visual arts, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4378640469\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W122505910\",\"https://openalex.org/W373492448\",\"https://openalex.org/W1787454655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981765460\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022528197\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045988021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070735132\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071735605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129576675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413044490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895737053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025954068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3038388367\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086471578\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116377810\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154999065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205506305\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215511316\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226060882\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281793365\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283754131\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285091545\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313200379\",\"https://openalex.org/W6715497939\",\"https://openalex.org/W6782922158\",\"https://openalex.org/W6810782383\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764642026\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Bulletin\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2023.28\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4378640469" }, { "id": 1374, "title": "Psychedelics: Threshold of a Therapeutic Revolution.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics threshold of a therapeutic revolution", "authors": "Heal DJ, Smith SL, Belouin SJ, Henningfield JE.", "abstract": "This Special Issue of Neuropharmacology on psychedelics provides a timely and comprehensive update on progress following the previous Neuropharmacology Special Issue \"Psychedelics: New Doors, Altered Perceptions\". Remarkable advances have been made in basic and clinical research on psychedelics in the five years since 2018. It is partly based on the seminar series focused on psilocybin organized by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA from April to June 2021, the \"NIH Psilocybin Research Speaker Series\". Participants were world leading experts, including scientists, medical practitioners, clinical psychologists and oncologists, and attendees from additional disciplines of patient advocacy, law, government science policy and regulatory policy. To provide a global perspective, their contributions are complemented with reviews by some of the world's most eminent scientists in the field. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted two breakthrough therapy designations for psilocybin in treatment resistant depression (TRD) in 2018 and major depressive disorder (MDD) in 2019, as well as for MDMA for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 2017. Clinical trials are in progress to assess the therapeutic value of psilocybin in MDD and TRD, and in other indications such as cancer-related anxiety and depression, anorexia, PTSD, substance use disorders and various types of chronic pain. The contributors' insights should assist basic and applied science for transition of psychedelics from bench to potential mainstream therapies. The implications are global, because FDA approval of these new medicines will increase international interest and efforts.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-26", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109610", "pubmed_id": "37247807", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109610", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37247807\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3475, "title": "Evaluation of the Acceptability, Safety, Feasibility, and Efficacy of Psilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy (PaP) for the Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Military Veterans", "normalized_title": "evaluation of the acceptability safety feasibility and efficacy of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy pap for the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder ptsd in military veterans", "authors": "Combat Stress", "abstract": "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that occurs as a result of a traumatic experience. Symptoms include feeling anxious, flashbacks, nightmares and difficulty sleeping. Several studies indicate that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PaP) may be an effective treatment for a number of mental health conditions. This has led to PaP being designated as a \"breakthrough treatment\" by the FDA in the US. Despite indications that PaP may hold benefits in treating individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), this remains to be investigated. As such, the present study aims to examine the acceptability, feasibility, safety, and efficacy of PaP (psilocybin administered with psychotherapy) in treating PTSD in military veterans. Recent studies have shown that Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy (PaP) for individuals with treatment-resistant depression can result in outcomes that exceed routine psychotherapy. Psilocybin may have a catalytic effect on the psychotherapeutic process, enhancing introspection and interoception. PaP may similarly benefit the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research indicates high treatment drop-out rates (approximately 30%) among PTSD patients, and moderate remission rates (approximately 44%) 40 months after completing treatment. Furthermore, some veterans with PTSD have poorer treatment responses than members of the general public. This suggests that alternative treatment approaches may be required to support veterans who do not benefit from standard evidence-based approaches. This study aims to explore the acceptability, feasibility, safety and efficacy of PaP for veterans with PTSD. A total of eight military veterans will be recruited. The study involves two non-directive preparatory sessions, two dosing sessions of psilocybin, followed by 12 sessions of Cognitive Processing Therapy. It is hypothesised that PaP will result in a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms, as indicated by PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; PCL-5) scores from baseline to one-month follow-up.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-05-24", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05876481", "keywords": "PTSD, Psilocybin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05876481\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Veterans,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1445, "title": "New Pharmacologic Approaches to the Treatment of Bipolar Depression.", "normalized_title": "new pharmacologic approaches to the treatment of bipolar depression", "authors": "Keramatian K, Chakrabarty T, DuBow A, Saraf G, Yatham LN.", "abstract": "Depression is the most commonly experienced mood state over the life span in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and is the primary driver of functional impairment and suicidality in BD. Despite this, there are few effective treatments for BD depression, with only a handful of atypical anti-psychotics and inconsistent evidence for traditional mood stabilizing agents. There have been few major 'breakthroughs' in the treatment of BD depression, and until recently, few agents that work via novel mechanisms of action to exert therapeutic effects. Here, we review treatments for BD depression which are emergent or on the horizon. Included are new atypical anti-psychotics, glutamate modulators (ketamine and cycloserine/lurasidone), neurosteroid modulators (zuranolone), anti-inflammatories and mitochondrial modulators, cannabidiol (CBD) and psilocybin. New atypical anti-psychotics lumateperone and cariprazine have demonstrated efficacy in large-scale, placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCT) in treatment of BD depression. Non-racemic amisulpride showed potential therapeutic benefit in one RCT which requires replication. Three small RCTs examined the efficacy of intravenous ketamine in BD depression and showed rapid antidepressant and anti-suicidal effects after a single infusion. Anti-inflammatory and mitochondrial modulators show inconsistent evidence for efficacy. There are currently no adequately powered RCTs of zuranolone, psilocybin or CBD in BD depression to support their use. While there are potentially efficacious, mechanistically novel agents on the horizon, they require further study and validation. Further investigation on how these agents may impact specific subgroups of patients will also advance the field.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-24", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s40265-023-01872-x", "pubmed_id": "37227597", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-023-01872-x", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37227597\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Mitochondrial Function,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Inflammation", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1481, "title": "Neurobiological Correlates of Psilocybin Response in Depression.", "normalized_title": "neurobiological correlates of psilocybin response in depression", "authors": "Qasim S, Zaheer Z, Jawad MY, Shad MU.", "abstract": "Objective: To synthesize the neurobiological basis of brain-resetting effects of psilocybin and identify neuroimaging correlates of psilocybin response in depressed patients.Data Sources: MEDLINE(R), Embase, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane, and CINAHL were systematically searched on June 3, 2022, with no date restrictions using the following string: (psilocybin) AND (psychedelics) AND (MRI) OR (fMRI)) OR (PET)) OR (SPECT)) OR (imaging)) OR (neuroimaging)).Study Selection: After duplicates were removed from 946 studies, 391 studies remained, of which 8 qualified for full-text analysis, but only 5 fulfilled the eligibility criteria of randomized, double-blind, or open-label neuroimaging study with psilocybin treatment in depressed patients.Data Extraction: The Covidence platform was used for deduplication and bias assessment. The a priori data points included concomitant psychological intervention, modality of neuroimaging technique, changes in depression scores, brain functional changes, and association between functional and psilocybin response. Assessment bias was assessed with the standard risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials and the tool for risk of bias in nonrandomized studies of interventions.Results: Four studies were open-label, and one was a combined open-label and randomized controlled trial using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy was administered in 3 studies, 1 in refractory and 2 in nonrefractory patients. The remaining 2 studies were in refractory patients. The transient increase in psilocybin-induced global connectivity in major neural tracts and specific areas of brain activation was associated with antidepressant response.Conclusions: Transient functional brain changes with psilocybin therapy resemble the \"brain reset\" phenomenon and may serve as the putative predictors of psilocybin antidepressant response.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-22", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.4088/pcc.22r03419", "pubmed_id": "37230065", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4088/pcc.22r03419", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psychotherapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37230065\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1480, "title": "Acute psilocybin increased cortical activities in rats", "normalized_title": "acute psilocybin increased cortical activities in rats", "authors": "Junhong Liu, Yuanyuan Wang, Ke Xia, Jinfeng Wu, Danhao Zheng, Aoling Cai, Haitao Yan, Ruibin Su", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogenic component of magic mushrooms, has significant psychoactive effects in both humans and rodents. But the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a useful tool in many preclinical and clinical trials to investigate psilocybin-induced changes of brain activity and functional connectivity (FC) due to its noninvasive nature and widespread availability. However, fMRI effects of psilocybin on rats have not been carefully investigated. This study aimed to explore how psilocybin affects resting-state brain activity and FC, through a combination of BOLD fMRI and immunofluorescence (IF) of EGR1, an immediate early gene (IEG) closely related to depressive symptoms. Ten minutes after psilocybin hydrochloride injection (2.0 mg/kg, i.p.), positive brain activities were observed in the frontal, temporal, and parietal cortex (including the cingulate cortex and retrosplenial cortex), hippocampus, and striatum. And a region-of-interest (ROI) -wise FC analysis matrix suggested increased interconnectivity of several regions, such as the cingulate cortex, dorsal striatum, prelimbic, and limbic regions. Further seed-based analyses revealed increased FC of cingulate cortex within the cortical and striatal areas. Consistently, acute psilocybin increased the EGR1 level throughout the brain, indicating a consistent activation thought the cortical and striatal areas. In conclusion, the psilocybin-induced hyperactive state of rats is congruent to that of humans, and may be responsible for its pharmacological effects.", "journal": "Frontiers in Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2023-05-22", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2023.1168911", "pubmed_id": "37287797", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1168911", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Retrosplenial cortex, Infralimbic cortex, Cingulate cortex, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Posterior cingulate, Cortex (anatomy), Anterior cingulate cortex, Striatum, Prefrontal cortex, Central nervous system, Cognition, Dopamine, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Tryptophan and brain disorders, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4378084778\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4378084778\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":17,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W249845531\",\"https://openalex.org/W878533373\",\"https://openalex.org/W1218133796\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607671357\",\"https://openalex.org/W1691941589\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965146355\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970108241\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974316717\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976431827\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979600308\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986624071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011889986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020778578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024875626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025204726\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032386770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035462451\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039169438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050297923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057478907\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061494834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064153375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072522618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075556735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079818797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080962980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081534285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083207963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093593858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097983973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2224527671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2234472934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407151076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2595255406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623311414\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767241173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792211781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886680918\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887016981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914710263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2924763228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994882463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3017727512\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093454394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162476260\",\"https://openalex.org/W3187804795\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226057129\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4309269582\",\"https://openalex.org/W6713506532\",\"https://openalex.org/W7033452965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000835247\",\"display_name\":\"Junhong Liu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9786-7601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100423153\",\"display_name\":\"Yuanyuan Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5066-1654\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005099065\",\"display_name\":\"Ke Xia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9699-9901\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059933519\",\"display_name\":\"Jinfeng Wu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8539-0973\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018493023\",\"display_name\":\"Danhao Zheng\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090433356\",\"display_name\":\"Aoling Cai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-1621\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107114291\",\"display_name\":\"Haitao Yan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108315379\",\"display_name\":\"Ruibin Su\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S115201632\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1168911\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4378084778" }, { "id": 3683, "title": "Recall of Experience and Conscious Awareness in Psilocybin Treatment of Depression (The RECAP Study): Pilot Phase in Healthy Adult Volunteers", "normalized_title": "recall of experience and conscious awareness in psilocybin treatment of depression the recap study pilot phase in healthy adult volunteers", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "The primary objective of the RECAP Study Program is to investigate the role played by conscious experience in the antidepressant effects of the psychedelic agent psilocybin. This pilot dosing study (PILOT RECAP) is designed to determine the optimal dose of midazolam that allows a psychedelic experience to occur while inducing amnesia for the experience. This is an essential step required for subsequent evaluation of the role of memory for the psychedelic experience in the antidepressant effects of psilocybin in the full RECAP study. The PILOT RECAP Study will investigate the effect of co- administering the amnestic agent midazolam with a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin on the induction of a psychedelic experience and subsequent memory for the experience with the goal of identifying an optimal dosing regimen of midazolam that will allow a psychedelic experience to occur while also inducing amnesia for the experience. Identifying this midazolam dosing regimen will allow us in a subsequent stage of the RECAP program to test whether memory for the psychedelic experience is required/important for psilocybin to produce longer-term antidepressant effects. This is a phase 1 study in psychiatrically and medically healthy volunteers. Given this, there is no disease background for PILOT RECAP per se. However, the purpose of PILOT RECAP is to identify an optimal midazolam dosing schedule to be used in a subsequent study (RECAP) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The investigational treatment for PILOT RECAP is a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin combined with repeated intravenous (IV) boluses of midazolam dosed at levels known to maintain conscious experience while inducing subsequent amnesia for the experience upon its conclusion. Because PILOT RECAP is the first study to examine this drug combination, no data are currently available on this approach. Psilocybin + midazolam will be administered within a \"Set and Setting\" (SaS) protocol that provides psychoeducation and therapeutic support prior to, during, and following psychedelic dosing, and that has been standard procedure for recent studies of psilocybin in humans. It is believed that this SaS approach enhances clinical efficacy and safety. SaS is an integral component of the PILOT RECAP intervention. The PILOT RECAP study will not enroll vulnerable populations. During this study, participants are asked to: * Refrain from use of psychotropic medications. Use of such medications prior to psilocybin/midazolam dosing will result in a participant being discontinued from the study. * Refrain from use of any illegal psychoactive substances from screening until study termination. * Refrain from using legal psychoactive substance for the following defined time periods (the exception is caffeine): * Tobacco and Nicotine: from screening until study termination * Alcohol: 72 hours prior to the Dosing Visit", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-05-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04842045", "keywords": "Psychedelic Experiences, Amnesia, Psilocybin and Midazolam, Psilocybine, Psilocibin, benzodiazepine, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04842045\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1482, "title": "Therapeutic role of psilocybin and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in trauma: A literature review.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic role of psilocybin and 3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine in trauma a literature review", "authors": "Fonseka LN, Woo BK.", "abstract": "With the Food and Drug Administration designation in 2017 of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as a breakthrough therapy in post-traumatic stress disorder and psilocybin in treatment-resistant depression, psychedelic drugs have continued to garner the attention of researchers and clinicians for their promise of unmatched, rapid improvement in a multitude of psychiatric conditions. Classic psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and ayahuasca, as well as non-classic drugs such as MDMA and ketamine, are currently being investigated for a potential therapeutic role in trauma, depressive disorders, and other psychopathologies. However, psilocybin and MDMA each have a functional profile well-suited for integration with psychotherapy. The present review focuses on psilocybin and MDMA in psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), as these studies compose most of the literature pool. In this review, we discuss the current and future uses of psychedelic drugs, with an emphasis on the role of MDMA and psilocybin in PAT in the setting of trauma and related comorbidities on the efficacy of psychedelic drugs across multiple psychiatric disorders. The article concludes with thoughts for future research, such as incorporating wearables and standardization of symptom scales, therapy styles, and assessment of adverse drug reactions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.182", "pubmed_id": "37303932", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.182", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37303932\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1126, "title": "[Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment of Depression, Anxiety and Substance use Disorders: Neurobiological Basis and Clinical Application].", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted treatment of depression anxiety and substance use disorders neurobiological basis and clinical application", "authors": "Lasch A, Schweikert T, Dora E, Kolb T, Schurig HL, Walther A.", "abstract": "Successful therapy of mental disorders is very important in view of the high level of suffering of those affected. Since established pharmaceutical and psychotherapeutic approaches do not lead to the desired improvement in all cases, complementary or alternative treatment methods are intensively researched. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy seems particularly promising, and has been approved in the USA for larger clinical trials. Psilocybin belongs to the group of psychedelics and influences psychological experiences. In assisted therapy, psilocybin is administered in controlled doses under medical supervision to patients with different mental disorders. In the studies conducted so far, longer-term positive effects could be shown after just one or a few doses. In order to provide a better understanding of the potential therapeutic mechanisms, this article will first describe neurobiological and psychological effects of psilocybin. To better assess the potential of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for various disorders, clinical studies conducted so far with patients administered psilocybin are reviewed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-18", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1055/a-2046-5202", "pubmed_id": "37207669", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2046-5202", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37207669\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3063, "title": "Novel psilocin prodrugs with altered pharmacological properties as candidate therapies for treatment-resistant anxiety disorders", "normalized_title": "novel psilocin prodrugs with altered pharmacological properties as candidate therapies for treatment resistant anxiety disorders", "authors": "Raithatha SA, Hagel JM, Matinkhoo K, Yu L, Press D, Cook SG, Sharma G, D D, Jensen G, Lee JB, Cai C, Gallant J, Bains JS, Tucker JE, Facchini PJ.", "abstract": "The psychedelic compound psilocybin has shown therapeutic benefit in the treatment of numerous psychiatric diseases. A recent randomized clinical trial conducted at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center demonstrated the efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Similarly, a phase IIb study evaluating psilocybin-assisted therapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) presented statistically meaningful and long-term reduction in depressive symptoms. Also, many studies have reported the successful treatment of severe anxiety after a single oral dose of psilocybin, especially in patients struggling with cancer-related distress (CRD). Despite these compelling clinical results, concerns regarding the duration of the psychedelic experience produced by psilocybin pose a significant barrier to its widespread therapeutic application. Psilocybin, derived from magic mushrooms is the naturally occurring prodrug of the neuroactive compound psilocin. When orally administered, exposure to the acidic gastrointestinal (GI) environment together with enzymatic processing by intestinal and hepatic alkaline phosphatase lead to the dephosphorylation of psilocybin producing elevated levels of systemic psilocin. These plasma levels are detectable up to 24 h and produce a psychoactive episode lasting as long as 6 h post-ingestion. In order to positively modify the kinetics of the acute psychedelic response, we have engineered a library of novel prodrug derivatives (NPDs) of psilocin, introducing a diversity of alternative metabolically cleavable moieties modified at the 4-carbon position of the core indole ring. This library consists of twenty-eight unique compounds represented by nine distinct prodrug classes. Each molecule was screened in vitro for metabolic stability using isolated human serum, and human cellular fractions derived from liver and intestinal tissues. This screen revealed fifteen prodrugs that produced measurable levels of psilocin in vitro, with ester and thiocarbonate-based prodrug derivatives significantly represented. These fifteen NPDs were further evaluated for pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in mice, assessing plasma levels of both residual prodrug and resultant psilocin. PK results confirmed the efficiency of ester and thiocarbonate-based prodrug metabolism upon oral and intravenous administration, achieving levels reduced, albeit comparable to levels of psilocybin-derived psilocin. Of note, almost all NPDs tested maintained reduced overall exposure of psilocin relative to psilocybin, with no measurable levels detected at 24 h post-dose. Finally, all NPDs were screened for CNS bioavailability in healthy mice using the Head Twitch Response (HTR), a behavioural biomarker of 5-HT2A receptor stimulation and an established proxy for psychoactive potential. Interestingly, five NPDs produced peak HTR that approached or exceeded levels induced by an equivalent dose of psilocybin. Among these bioactive prodrugs, an ester-based and thiocarbonate-based molecule produced long-term anxiolytic benefit in chronically stressed mice evaluated in the marble burying psychiatric model. Overall, this screening campaign identified novel candidate prodrugs of psilocin with altered metabolic profiles and reduced pharmacological exposure, potentially attenuating the duration of the psychedelic response. These molecules still maintained the long-term psychiatric and physiological benefits characteristic of psilocybin therapy. Additionally, these modified parameters also offer the opportunity for altered routes of administration bypassing conventional oral dosing.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-05-17", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.05.16.540994", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.16.540994", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR661781\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3634, "title": "A Phase 1 Study Comparing the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Intravenous and Oral Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "a phase 1 study comparing the pharmacokinetics and safety of intravenous and oral psilocybin", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "The purpose of this research study is to compare an oral dose of psilocybin and an intravenous (IV) infusion of psilocybin to assess differences in how the drug is absorbed by the body, the psychedelic experience, and any side effects when taken by healthy adult participants. Participants can expect to be in the study for approximately 12 weeks. Psilocybin, when delivered to screened and prepared participants in a controlled environment, has shown strong evidence of positive effects in treating cancer-related psychiatric distress, depression and anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, and nicotine or alcohol addiction. Psilocybin therapy is generally safe and well-tolerated when conducted under controlled conditions. Psilocybin is very rapidly transformed to the active metabolite psilocin, which is considered the active agent from psilocybin administration. Oral and IV psilocybin are expected to have similar pharmacokinetic and psychedelic effects, as well as safety profiles, while IV psilocybin will achieve more consistent blood levels than are possible with oral psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-05-14", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05467761", "keywords": "Healthy, Oral Psilocybin, IV Psilocybin, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05467761\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3167, "title": "Exposure therapy under psilocybin for general anxiety disorder and claustrophobia", "normalized_title": "exposure therapy under psilocybin for general anxiety disorder and claustrophobia", "authors": "THORENS G, PENZENSTADLER l, FURTADO LCDC, SERAGNOLI F, ROTHEN S, MABILAIS C, ZULLINO D.", "abstract": "Case report of a patient with GAD and claustrophobia who underwent exposure therapy using psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. The patient had failed to respond to conventional psychotherapeutic treatment. After three sessions of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, the patient experienced a reduction in anxiety and fear associated with closed spaces, elevators, and planes. The protocol included both an imaginary exposure exercise and a classic exposure therapy in an elevator during the psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. the patient experienced a significant improvement in his score on the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Fear Questionnaire before and after therapy. He reported a generalization of the treatment effects, feeling more relaxed and having a greater willingness to confront fearful situations. He also described a shift in his perception of fearful stimuli, which may be explained as the development of new memory representations and a major disconfirmatory experience.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2023-05-11", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-2859973/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2859973/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR659477\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Case Report", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3463, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin in Anorexia Nervosa", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin in anorexia nervosa", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This open-label pilot study seeks to investigate the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in persons with chronic anorexia nervosa (AN). Psilocybin has previously been demonstrated to decrease depression and anxiety and increase long-term positive behavior change in other populations. The investigators seek to determine whether similar changes can be safely produced in people with AN when psilocybin is administered in a supportive setting with close follow-up. The investigators' primary hypotheses are that psilocybin is safe to administer in people with AN, that it will reduce measures of anxiety and depression, and that it will lead to increased quality of life. The investigators will also assess a number of exploratory measures related to eating disorder pathophysiology.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-05-05", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04052568", "keywords": "Anorexia Nervosa, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04052568\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Eating Disorders,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1448, "title": "Why didn't the TGA consult with Australian researchers and clinicians with experience in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder?", "normalized_title": "why didn t the tga consult with australian researchers and clinicians with experience in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant major depressive disorder", "authors": "Rossell SL, Meikle SE, Williams ML, Castle DJ.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-05-02", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/00048674231172691", "pubmed_id": "37139585", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674231172691", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Australia, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37139585\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1497, "title": "Unblinding and demand characteristics in the treatment of depression.", "normalized_title": "unblinding and demand characteristics in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Goodwin GM, Croal M, Marwood L, Malievskaia E", "abstract": "Blinding of treatment allocation in clinical trials in psychiatry is regarded as an ideal. The potential impact of unblinding chimes with a general concern for psychological research: so-called demand characteristics can undermine confidence in findings from experimental and clinical studies. Scepticism can result in nihilism. The reliance on subjective report of symptoms in clinical trials of drug efficacy in depression provides an important example. It is regularly implied that if subjective effects, including specific adverse reactions, unblind participants to an active treatment then evidence for its efficacy is suspect. In fact, the strong association between dose and subjective effects does not translate into a strong relationship with efficacy in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of conventional antidepressant drugs; this observation falsifies the proposition that unblinding is the principal mechanism driving RCT outcomes in studies of depression. Instead, changes in brain function, that occur soon after treatment starts, do predict treatment outcomes and align with our understanding of neurotransmitter effects from neuroscience. Psychedelic experience for the treatment of depression must be unblinding, but the effect results directly from serotonergic receptor activation and changes in brain connectivity. Where such effects are part of a novel mechanism of action, a strong dose response relationship would be expected, irrespective of unblinding. We highlight the importance of exploring blinding as a mechanism, confirming dose-related outcomes, and dissociating unblinding effects from efficacy. Unblinding does not necessarily invalidate the subjective experience of sustained recovery from depression.", "journal": "Journal of affective disorders", "publication_date": "2023-04-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.030", "pubmed_id": "36781142", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36781142/", "keywords": "Antidepressant, Demand characteristics, Depression, Psilocybin, Psychedelic, Unblinding", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36781142\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4819, "title": "A suicide attempt following psilocybin ingestion in a patient with no prior psychiatric history", "normalized_title": "a suicide attempt following psilocybin ingestion in a patient with no prior psychiatric history", "authors": "Eric N. Kramer, Kalyn Reddy, Bryan Shapiro", "abstract": "Several studies have been conducted and more are underway examining psilocybin-assisted therapy as a treatment for various psychiatric conditions including depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and alcohol use disorder. However, many studies have been limited by small sample size and have not comprehensively evaluated treatment risks outside of controlled settings. To this point, we present a case of a 30 year old male with no psychiatric history who presented to the emergency department with multiple self-inflicted stab wounds to the neck in a suicide attempt in the setting of psilocybin ingestion. Despite the majority of existing evidence supporting a decreased risk of suicidality with psilocybin use, further studies are needed to determine if there is an increased risk of suicidality and other serious adverse events with psilocybin use, and whether such a potential relationship is dose-dependent and/or set and setting-dependent.", "journal": "Psychiatry Research Case Reports", "publication_date": "2023-04-25", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.psycr.2023.100118", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psycr.2023.100118", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), Ingestion, Anxiety, Medicine, Adverse effect, Psychology, Pharmacology, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4367043450\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4367043450\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":7,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757390367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903619067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991933827\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129584613\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135650175\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3187215861\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206268123\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206486089\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206661393\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4284665615\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293194637\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034914382\",\"display_name\":\"Eric N. Kramer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-671X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078812420\",\"display_name\":\"Kalyn Reddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076908901\",\"display_name\":\"Bryan Shapiro\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4220651674\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatry Research Case Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psycr.2023.100118\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4367043450" }, { "id": 1449, "title": "A critical evaluation of QIDS-SR-16 using data from a trial of psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "a critical evaluation of qids sr 16 using data from a trial of psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram treatment for depression", "authors": "Brandon Weiss, David Erritzøe, Bruna Giribaldi, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "Background: In a recent clinical trial examining the comparative efficacy of psilocybin therapy (PT) versus escitalopram treatment (ET) for major depressive disorder, 14 of 16 major efficacy outcome measures yielded results that favored PT, but the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Self-Report, 16 items (QIDS-SR16 ) did not. Aims: The present study aims to (1) rationally and psychometrically account for discrepant results between outcome measures and (2) to overcome psychometric problems particular to individual measures by re-examining between-condition differences in depressive response using all outcome measures at item-, facet-, and factor-levels of analysis. Method: Four depression measures were compared on the basis of their validity for examining differences in depressive response between PT and ET conditions. Results/Outcomes: Possible reasons for discrepant findings on the QIDS-SR16 include its higher variance, imprecision due to compound items and whole-scale and unidimensional sum-scoring, vagueness in the phrasing of scoring options for items, and its lack of focus on a core depression factor. Reanalyzing the trial data at item-, facet-, and factor-levels yielded results suggestive of PT’s superior efficacy in reducing depressed mood, anhedonia, and a core depression factor, along with specific symptoms such as sexual dysfunction. Conclusion/Interpretation: Our results raise concerns about the adequacy of the QIDS-SR16 for measuring depression, as well as the practice of relying on individual scales that tend not to capture the multidimensional structure or core of depression. Using an alternative approach that captures depression more granularly and comprehensively yielded specific insight into areas where PT therapy may be particularly useful to patients and clinicians.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-04-24", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231167848", "pubmed_id": "37122239", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231167848", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4367053025\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":24,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W69473495\",\"https://openalex.org/W1492022547\",\"https://openalex.org/W1848232528\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965358782\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966233504\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968614105\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970539886\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971867660\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977465442\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995485235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018067258\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019133471\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025002838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029066588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029684800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037350170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047553482\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055526664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063085086\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067495470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067814588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068055929\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090408573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098956244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100497492\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124295269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127124395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142897908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148132316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157263173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170701421\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171230663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293417697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412709103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473306823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2483986988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519546524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537247270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2584496698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737966001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2739366682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756552033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770243687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789400649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887016029\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043059238\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111938308\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163782981\",\"https://openalex.org/W3185477803\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212575075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216348943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223461155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223964620\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281493819\",\"https://openalex.org/W4367600886\",\"https://openalex.org/W4385271945\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015600817\",\"display_name\":\"Brandon Weiss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-2981\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231167848\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4367053025" }, { "id": 3563, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Participants With Treatment Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in participants with treatment resistant depression", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Participants with Treatment Resistant Depression The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Participants with Treatment Resistant Depression - a dose-ranging study", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-04-23", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03775200", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03775200\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1475, "title": "Assessment of Psilocybin Therapy for Patients With Cancer and Major Depression Disorder", "normalized_title": "assessment of psilocybin therapy for patients with cancer and major depression disorder", "authors": "Manish Agrawal, Ezekiel Emanuel, Brian D. Richards, William A. Richards, Kim Roddy, Paul Thambi", "abstract": "This nonrandomized controlled trial used a 1-to-1 therapist-to-patient ratio to administer psilocybin to groups of patients with cancer who were diagnosed with major depression disorder to create a scalable, rapidly effective depression treatment.", "journal": "JAMA Oncology", "publication_date": "2023-04-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0351", "pubmed_id": "37052904", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0351", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Cancer, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Cancer therapy, Randomized controlled trial, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4365444032\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":47,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017346793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116377810\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083533154\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-0582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012567636\",\"display_name\":\"Ezekiel Emanuel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-5735\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034785335\",\"display_name\":\"Brian D. Richards\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039889194\",\"display_name\":\"William A. Richards\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-9249\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036339125\",\"display_name\":\"Kim Roddy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2756165422\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Oncology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0351\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4365444032" }, { "id": 4823, "title": "347. Changes in Resting State Functional Connectivity After Psilocybin for Body Dysmorphic Disorder", "normalized_title": "347 changes in resting state functional connectivity after psilocybin for body dysmorphic disorder", "authors": "Xi Zhu, David J. Hellerstein, Jamie D. Feusner, Michael G. Wheaton, Gloria Gómez, Franklin R. Schneier", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2023-04-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.02.587", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.02.587", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Body dysmorphic disorder, Psychology, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Serotonin, Obsessive compulsive, Agonist, Psychiatry, Medicine, Neuroscience, Internal medicine, Receptor, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies, Empathy and Medical Education", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4362733849\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4362733849\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100452981\",\"display_name\":\"Xi Zhu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1342-2221\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040702751\",\"display_name\":\"Jamie D. Feusner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0391-345X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010843064\",\"display_name\":\"Michael G. Wheaton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7465-7879\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101839556\",\"display_name\":\"Gloria Gómez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3631-7416\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038025366\",\"display_name\":\"Franklin R. Schneier\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2938-2693\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.02.587\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4362733849" }, { "id": 4822, "title": "96. An Open Label Study of Synthetic Psilocybin in Bipolar Type II Depression", "normalized_title": "96 an open label study of synthetic psilocybin in bipolar type ii depression", "authors": "Scott Aaronson, Tammy Miller, Samuel Rudow, MacKenzie Forbes, Audrey Shoultz, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2023-04-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.02.336", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.02.336", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Bipolar disorder, Mood, Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4363675215\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4363675215\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020769134\",\"display_name\":\"Scott Aaronson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110607035\",\"display_name\":\"Tammy Miller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050421509\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel Rudow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037818125\",\"display_name\":\"MacKenzie Forbes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054892136\",\"display_name\":\"Audrey Shoultz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006219749\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.02.336\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4363675215" }, { "id": 1424, "title": "Are psychedelic medicines the reset for chronic pain? Preliminary findings and research needs.", "normalized_title": "are psychedelic medicines the reset for chronic pain preliminary findings and research needs", "authors": "Zia FZ, Baumann MH, Belouin SJ, Dworkin RH, Ghauri MH, Hendricks PS, Henningfield JE, Lanier RK, Ross S, Berger A.", "abstract": "Chronic pain is a leading cause of disability, reduced productivity, healthcare seeking behavior, and a contributor to opioid overdose in the United States. For many people, pain can be satisfactorily managed by existing medicines and comprehensive psychosocial treatments. For others, available treatments are either ineffective or not acceptable, due to side effects and concerns about risks. Preliminary evidence suggests that some psychedelics may be effective for certain types of pain and/or improved quality of life with increased functionality and reduced disability and distress in people whose pain may never be completely relieved. Efficacy in these quality-of-life related outcomes would be consistent with the 'reset in thinking' about chronic pain management being increasingly called for as a more realistic goal for some people as compared to complete elimination of pain. This commentary summarizes the rationale for conducting more basic research and clinical trials to further explore the potential for psychedelics in chronic pain management. Additionally, if shown to be effective, to then determine whether the effects of psychedelics are primarily due to direct antinociceptive or anti-inflammatory mechanisms, or via increased tolerability, acceptance, and sense of spirituality, that appear to at least partially mediate the therapeutic effects of psychedelics observed in psychiatric disorders such as major depression. This commentary represents a collaboration of clinical and more basic scientists examining these issues and developing recommendations for research ranging from neuropharmacology to the biopsychosocial treatment factors that appear to be as important in pain management as in depression and other disorders in which psychedelic medicines are under development. This article is part of the Special Issue on \"National Institutes of Health Psilocybin Research Speaker Series\".", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-04-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109528", "pubmed_id": "37015315", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109528", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Quality of Life, United States, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37015315\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3318, "title": "Psilocybin zeigt Wirkung bei Depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin zeigt wirkung bei depression", "authors": "Julia Mertens L.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1007/s15006-023-2540-9", "pubmed_id": "37016226", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s15006-023-2540-9", "keywords": "Humans, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37016226\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1524, "title": "Psychotherapy with Psilocybin for Depression: Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "psychotherapy with psilocybin for depression systematic review", "authors": "Dawood Hristova JJ, Pérez-Jover V.", "abstract": "Depression is a common mental health issue that affects 280 million people in the world with a high mortality rate, as well as being a leading cause of disability. Psychopharmacological therapies with psychedelics, particularly those with psilocybin, are showing promising potential for the treatment of depression, among other conditions. Some of their benefits include a rapid and exponential improvement in depressive symptoms and an increased sense of well-being that can last for months after the treatment, as well as a greater development of introspective capacity. The aim of this project was to provide experimental evidence about therapeutic procedures along with psilocybin for the treatment of major depressive disorder. The project highlights eight studies that examined this condition. Some of them dealt with treatment-resistant depression while others dealt with depression due to a life-threatening disease such as cancer. These publications affirm the efficiency of the psilocybin therapy for depression, with only one or two doses in conjunction with psychological support during the process.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-30", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/bs13040297", "pubmed_id": "37102811", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040297", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37102811\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Wellbeing,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1451, "title": "The need for establishing best practices and gold standards in psychedelic medicine.", "normalized_title": "the need for establishing best practices and gold standards in psychedelic medicine", "authors": "Feduccia A, Agin-Liebes G, Price CM, Grinsell N, Paradise S, Rabin DM.", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances are under investigation in several drug development programs. Controlled clinical trials are providing evidence for safe and effective use of psychedelic therapies for treating mental health conditions. With the anticipated FDA approval of MDMA-assisted therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in 2023 and psilocybin therapy for depression disorders soon after, now is the time for the medical community to become informed on best practices and to actively participate in developing standards of care for these new treatments. Given the emergence of numerous drug sponsors and other companies developing therapeutic modalities for combination with psychedelic medications, it is essential that the medical professional field is at the forefront of communicating unbiased information related to safety and effectiveness. Gold standards have long been a part of medicine and serve to distinguish treatments and assessments as the highest quality by which all others can be compared to. For a treatment to be established as a gold standard, several factors are considered including the quantity and quality of the supporting data, the rigor of trials, and the safety and efficacy compared to other treatments. In this article, we review the origins of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), minimum requirements for safe use of psychedelics, criteria for gold standards in mental health, and the nuances regarding how to establish gold standards in psychedelic medicine and guide clinical decision making.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.083", "pubmed_id": "37003433", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.083", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Health, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37003433\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1303, "title": "Psilocybin facilitates fear extinction in mice by promoting hippocampal neuroplasticity", "normalized_title": "psilocybin facilitates fear extinction in mice by promoting hippocampal neuroplasticity", "authors": "Yingjie Du, Yunfeng Li, Xiangting Zhao, Yishan Yao, Bin Wang, Liming Zhang, Guyan Wang", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are highly comorbid. Psilocybin exerts substantial therapeutic effects on depression by promoting neuroplasticity. Fear extinction is a key process in the mechanism of first-line exposure-based therapies for PTSD. We hypothesized that psilocybin would facilitate fear extinction by promoting hippocampal neuroplasticity. METHODS: First, we assessed the effects of psilocybin on percentage of freezing time in an auditory cued fear conditioning (FC) and fear extinction paradigm in mice. Psilocybin was administered 30 min before extinction training. Fear extinction testing was performed on the first day; fear extinction retrieval and fear renewal were tested on the sixth and seventh days, respectively. Furthermore, we verified the effect of psilocybin on hippocampal neuroplasticity using Golgi staining for the dendritic complexity and spine density, Western blotting for the protein levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and immunofluorescence staining for the numbers of doublecortin (DCX)- and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells. RESULTS: A single dose of psilocybin (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced the increase in the percentage of freezing time induced by FC at 24 h, 6th day and 7th day after administration. In terms of structural neuroplasticity, psilocybin rescued the decrease in hippocampal dendritic complexity and spine density induced by FC; in terms of neuroplasticity related proteins, psilocybin rescued the decrease in the protein levels of hippocampal BDNF and mTOR induced by FC; in terms of neurogenesis, psilocybin rescued the decrease in the numbers of DCX- and BrdU-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus induced by FC. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of psilocybin facilitated rapid and sustained fear extinction; this effect might be partially mediated by the promotion of hippocampal neuroplasticity. This study indicates that psilocybin may be a useful adjunct to exposure-based therapies for PTSD and other mental disorders characterized by failure of fear extinction.", "journal": "Chinese Medical Journal", "publication_date": "2023-03-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1097/cm9.0000000000002647", "pubmed_id": "37000971", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/cm9.0000000000002647", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hippocampal formation, Extinction (optical mineralogy), Neuroplasticity, Neuroscience, Psychology, Cognitive psychology, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Biology, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Memory and Neural Mechanisms, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:36", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4362457938\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":71,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1581458838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025604203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036499082\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042593075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064277111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093541378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150901658\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413004597\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769155717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2772371211\",\"https://openalex.org/W2780453452\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898767030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898977022\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899624554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901904956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2915325938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943942447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970453706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973739537\",\"https://openalex.org/W2997242667\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086489780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"https://openalex.org/W3115979991\",\"https://openalex.org/W3116827302\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126370177\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127147091\",\"https://openalex.org/W3132500005\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157927787\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169261903\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177099019\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178121559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3210509042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212275176\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200627726\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211078669\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226277149\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231265947\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281293006\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283070601\",\"https://openalex.org/W4295169116\",\"https://openalex.org/W4310572059\",\"https://openalex.org/W6634845426\",\"https://openalex.org/W6656568978\",\"https://openalex.org/W6659657373\",\"https://openalex.org/W6673543586\",\"https://openalex.org/W6747792433\",\"https://openalex.org/W6752298417\",\"https://openalex.org/W6757108642\",\"https://openalex.org/W6768022624\",\"https://openalex.org/W6788547730\",\"https://openalex.org/W6798344559\",\"https://openalex.org/W6838636941\",\"https://openalex.org/W6846997782\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102798402\",\"display_name\":\"Yingjie Du\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4484-5024\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100326031\",\"display_name\":\"Yunfeng Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2659-8074\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058242531\",\"display_name\":\"Xiangting Zhao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043861769\",\"display_name\":\"Yishan Yao\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8492-1688\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100372310\",\"display_name\":\"Bin Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7771-5360\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100646618\",\"display_name\":\"Liming Zhang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2664-8193\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088725738\",\"display_name\":\"Guyan Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-5472\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S22240167\",\"source_display_name\":\"Chinese Medical Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/cm9.0000000000002647\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4362457938" }, { "id": 1494, "title": "[Contribution of serotonin 5-HT2A receptor to antidepressant effect of serotonergic psychedelics].", "normalized_title": "contribution of serotonin 5 ht2a receptor to antidepressant effect of serotonergic psychedelics", "authors": "Ibi D.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder presents a substantial global health burden, and at least 30-40% of patients exhibit treatment resistance to antidepressants. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is used as an anesthetic agent. In 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved esketamine (the S-enantiomer of ketamine) as a therapeutic agent for treatment-resistant depression; however, this drug has reportedly been associated with serious side effects such as dissociative symptoms, thus limiting its clinical use as an antidepressant. Recently, various clinical studies have reported that psilocybin, the psychoactive substance found in magic mushrooms, has a fast-acting and long-lasting antidepressant effect in patients with major depressive disorder, including those resistant to conventional treatment. Furthermore, psilocybin is a psychoactive drug that is relatively harmless compared to ketamine and other similar substances. Accordingly, the FDA has designated psilocybin as a \"breakthrough therapy approach\" for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Additionally, serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide show some potential in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and addiction. The increased attention the use of psychedelics has attracted as a psychiatric disorder treatment approach is referred to as the \"psychedelic renaissance\". Pharmacologically, psychedelics cause hallucinations by stimulating cortical serotonin 5-HT2A receptors (5-HT2A), although whether 5-HT2A is responsible for the manifestation of their therapeutic effects remains unclear. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the hallucinations and \"mystical experience\" that the patients go through because of 5-HT2A activation by psychedelics is essential for the therapeutic effect of these substances. Future research should elucidate the molecular and neural mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of psychedelics. This review summarizes the therapeutic effects of psychedelics on psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder in clinical and pre-clinical studies, and discusses the possibility of 5-HT2A as a novel therapeutic target.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1254/fpj.22141", "pubmed_id": "36990794", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1254/fpj.22141", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinations, Serotonin, Ketamine, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36990794\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1474, "title": "Role of Psychedelics in Treatment-Resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "role of psychedelics in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Kamal S, Jha MK, Radhakrishnan R.", "abstract": "There is increasing interest in exploring the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Classic psychedelics (such as psilocybin, LSD, ayahuasca/DMT), and atypical psychedelics (such as ketamine) have been studied in TRD. The evidence for the classic psychedelics TRD is limited at the present time; early studies however show promising results. There is also recognition that psychedelic research may be subject to a \"hype bubble\" at the present time. Future studies focused on delineating necessary ingredients of psychedelic treatments and the neurobiological basis of their effects, will help pave the way for the clinical use of these compounds.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-24", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.psc.2023.02.004", "pubmed_id": "37149346", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2023.02.004", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37149346\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1495, "title": "Antidepressant Effects of Psilocybin in the Absence of Psychedelic Effects.", "normalized_title": "antidepressant effects of psilocybin in the absence of psychedelic effects", "authors": "Rosenblat JD, Leon-Carlyle M, Ali S, Husain MI, McIntyre RS.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-21", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20220835", "pubmed_id": "36945824", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20220835", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36945824\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3433, "title": "Mood and Cognitive Effects of Low Doses of Psilocybin Observed in Healthy Subjects (\"MELO\"): A Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Finding Study", "normalized_title": "mood and cognitive effects of low doses of psilocybin observed in healthy subjects melo a blinded placebo controlled dose finding study", "authors": "Optimi Health Corporation", "abstract": "This study is seeking to find the optimal microdose or low dose of psilocybin (magic mushrooms) that provides general enhancements to mood, memory, sleep, and other measures of general well-being without any hallucinogenic effects. Psilocybin is a natural psychoactive alkaloid component of more than 200 species of naturally growing mushrooms that can be found throughout the world. Psilocybin use as a ceremonious ritual has been well documented in ancient Aztec and Mesoamerican history. Psilocybin was chemically isolated and synthesized in the 1950s by American scientists, who found that mushroom varieties offered varying ranges of natural psilocybin (from 0.2-1% of dry weight). The psychological benefits of psilocybin are well-documented, as are the safety profile, low toxicity, and significant lack of abuse or overdose potential in comparison to other scheduled and non-scheduled drug, including alcohol. Many clinical studies demonstrate the benefit of psilocybin on feelings of depression, mood, and overall feelings of well-being, particularly at higher doses greater than 25mg. At these doses, hallucinations and psychedelic effects also occur. A growing body of evidence suggests that extremely low doses, or microdoses, may offer similar psychological benefits to individuals without any hallucinogenic effect that may impair daily function. The purpose of this study is to examine an optimal small/microdose of psilocybin, taken orally, that may provide such benefits. Optimi,is committed to providing MELOCIN, an oral, pharmaceutical grade, but naturally derived, mushroom powder (Psilocybe cubensis), containing a specific dose of psilocybin and a controlled range of other natural compounds and excipients within the formulation. Clinical studies will inform the desired low to very low psilocybin dosing range for specific indications which do not elicit any psychedelic effects but are correlated to specific mood and cognition-related enhancements or improvements in otherwise healthy individuals. Primary objective: To assess the safety and tolerability of varying low doses and microdoses of Optimi psilocybin-containing mushroom powder in healthy humans. Secondary objective: To assess the magnitude of effects of varying low doses and microdoses of Optimi psilocybin-containing mushroom powder on general mood, physiological responses, cognitive performance, focus, and feelings of anxiety. Methodology: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial examining effects of six oral doses of MELOCIN, a psilocybin-containing Psilocybe cubensis mushroom powder, with 0 (placebo), 1, 2, 5, 8 and 10mg of psilocybin, administered on six separate test days in a randomized fashion. Participants will be randomized to the order that doses are administered. Study days will be scheduled 6-9 days apart to avoid any carry-over effects of a previous dose. Each study day will require ingestion of 10 capsules, which will be a combination of placebo and Psilocybe cubensis powder containing the prescribed daily dose. On the placebo study day, participants will digest 9 placebo capsules and one Chaga mushroom (non-active, non-hallucinogenic) capsule such that the mushroom after-taste commonly present with hallucinogenic magic mushrooms is mimicked and still present to preserve the blinding of the study dosing regimen. Participants will be scheduled for 7 total weekly visits (6 dosing days, 1 follow up/close out visit) at the study clinic, each estimated to be 8-9 hours in duration. At each weekly study visit, participants will be continuously monitored and asked to complete cognitive, mood, and other psychological questionnaires and provide minimal blood work at 80-105 mins, 2.5 hrs, 5 hrs, and 7.5hrs post-drug administration in order to monitor the physiological and psychological effects of the dose provided that day. At the follow-up visit, final questionnaires will be completed and qualitative feedback on the experience will be collected", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-03-19", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05252598", "keywords": "Mood Disturbance, Mood Change, Sleep Disturbance, Drug Effect, Psychedelic Experiences, Health, Subjective, Psilocin Toxicity, Psilocybin Toxicity, Psilocybin Causing Adverse Effects in Therapeutic Use, Anxiety, Psilocybin, Melocin, Inonotus Obliquus Whole Extract, Chaga, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05252598\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1452, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: An exploratory placebo-controlled, fixed-order trial", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder an exploratory placebo controlled fixed order trial", "authors": "Jordan Sloshower, Patrick D. Skosnik, Hamideh Safi-Aghdam, Surbhi Pathania, Shariful A. Syed, Brian Pittman, Deepak Cyril D’Souza", "abstract": "Background: Several early phase studies have demonstrated that psilocybin-assisted therapy has rapid-acting and persisting antidepressant effects from just one or two doses. However, methodological limitations (e.g., placebo-control, blinding) limit interpretability of the existing literature. Methods: In an exploratory placebo-controlled, within-subject, fixed-order study, individuals with moderate to severe major depressive disorder were administered placebo ( n = 19) followed by psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) ( n = 15) 4 weeks later. Dosing sessions were embedded within an manualized course of psychotherapy. Enhanced blinding procedures were used. Depression, anxiety, and quality of life were measured over a 16-week study period. Results: Depression and anxiety significantly improved following both placebo and psilocybin with no significant difference in the degree of change between the two conditions. However, antidepressant effect sizes were larger after psilocybin ( d′ = 1.02-2.27) than after placebo ( d′ = 0.65-0.99) and there were high rates of response (66.7%) and remission (46.7%) following psilocybin administration. Antidepressant effects following psilocybin persisted, on average, for 2 months and there were persisting improvements in mood-related quality of life domains. The strength of mystical-type experience during psilocybin dosing was not correlated with subsequent antidepressant effects. Conclusions: The results of this exploratory study highlight the complex interplay between expectancy, therapy effects, and drug/placebo effects in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy studies. Nonetheless, the acute and persisting clinical improvements observed following psilocybin support further study of its potential in the treatment of major depression. Future studies should more explicitly mitigate and measure expectancy effects and assess the impact of repeated dosing and different forms of psychotherapeutic support.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2023-03-19", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/02698811231154852", "pubmed_id": "36938991", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231154852", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Placebo, Antidepressant, Psychology, Psychiatry, Dosing, Anxiety, Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Mood, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4327895864\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":153,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160070901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953529230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991597523\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122951191\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177516331\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226207502\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281703399\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292806894\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294667223\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080146983\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Sloshower\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028783771\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick D. Skosnik\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6093-2625\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045156614\",\"display_name\":\"Hamideh Safi-Aghdam\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040839772\",\"display_name\":\"Surbhi Pathania\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015648875\",\"display_name\":\"Shariful A. Syed\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8636-8089\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056238262\",\"display_name\":\"Brian Pittman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-5604\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081806198\",\"display_name\":\"Deepak Cyril D’Souza\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-1462\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811231154852\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4327895864" }, { "id": 1531, "title": "The Effect of Combined Treatment of Psilocybin and Eugenol on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Brain Inflammation in Mice", "normalized_title": "the effect of combined treatment of psilocybin and eugenol on lipopolysaccharide induced brain inflammation in mice", "authors": "Timur Zanikov, Marta Gerasymchuk, Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani, Gregory Ian Robinson, Shima Asghari, Alyssa Groves, Lucie Haselhorst, Sanjana Nandakumar, Cora Stahl, Mackenzie Cameron, Dongping Li, Rocio Rodriguez-Juarez, Alexandra Snelling, Darryl Hudson, Anna Fiselier, Olga Kovalchuk, Igor Kovalchuk", "abstract": "Inflammation is an organism’s biological defense mechanism. Acute and chronic inflammation of the body triggers the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways that can affect the content of cytokines in the brain and thus cause brain inflammation. Disorders such as depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are often associated with elevated inflammation. Recently, positive and promising clinical results of psilocybin for the treatment of depression and PTSD were reported. Thus, we decided to test whether psilocybin alone or in combination with eugenol, an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, would prevent the increase in or decrease the content of cytokines in the brain of C57BL/6J mice injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Two experiments were performed, one with pre-treatment of mice through gavage with psilocybin (0.88 mg/kg), eugenol (17.6 mg/kg), or combinations of psilocybin and eugenol (1:10, 1:20, or 1:50), followed by intraperitoneal injection of LPS, and the second, post-treatment, with initial injection with LPS, followed by treatment with psilocybin, eugenol, or their combination. Brain tissues were collected, and cytokines were analyzed by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test or with multiple unpaired t-tests. LPS upregulated mRNA expression of COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. All pre-treatments decreased the expression of COX-2 and TNF-α, with psilocybin alone and in 1:50 combination, with eugenol being the most effective. In the post-treatment, all combinations of psilocybin and eugenol were effective in reducing inflammation, with the 1:50 ratio displaying the most prominent results in reducing the mRNA content of tested cytokines. Western blot analysis confirmed the effect on COX-2 and IL-1β proteins. Finally, the ELISA showed that post-treatment with psilocybin + eugenol (1:50) demonstrated the best results, decreasing the expression of multiple markers including IL-6 and IL-8. This demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effects of a combination of psilocybin and eugenol in the brain of animals with systemically induced inflammation.", "journal": "Molecules", "publication_date": "2023-03-13", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/molecules28062624", "pubmed_id": "36985596", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062624", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Pharmacology, Eugenol, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharide, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Intraperitoneal injection, Western blot, Medicine, Chemistry, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Biochemistry, Organic chemistry, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Tryptophan and brain disorders, Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4324147331\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4324147331\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":48,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1861219352\",\"https://openalex.org/W1915977580\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971200109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005544826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015157276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025791726\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045076787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077238267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089326186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115467203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139635418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145766029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146578632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168489336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2290466312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2302151110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318387838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2507842763\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528491208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2583168382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2602642359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604594354\",\"https://openalex.org/W2618584891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2772553845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2774947569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802032956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806376977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897231194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905573083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935539797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2937412659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942644557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944532057\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948410175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964408032\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971227730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995236062\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003243981\",\"https://openalex.org/W3067861562\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080361799\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081977832\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092411560\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108492979\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112344668\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135111051\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153631010\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191550608\",\"https://openalex.org/W3194318106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207700705\",\"https://openalex.org/W3209404967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216630867\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220783009\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220897376\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280530201\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293760954\",\"https://openalex.org/W6735601588\",\"https://openalex.org/W6772988975\",\"https://openalex.org/W6800164675\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033350413\",\"display_name\":\"Timur Zanikov\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1321-7107\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025253146\",\"display_name\":\"Marta Gerasymchuk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4037-8086\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063575688\",\"display_name\":\"Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090284179\",\"display_name\":\"Gregory Ian Robinson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-2788\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031621850\",\"display_name\":\"Shima Asghari\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9801-3402\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057389293\",\"display_name\":\"Alyssa Groves\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0482-4755\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057280753\",\"display_name\":\"Lucie Haselhorst\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075135524\",\"display_name\":\"Sanjana Nandakumar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7373-5521\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005046153\",\"display_name\":\"Cora Stahl\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059745101\",\"display_name\":\"Mackenzie Cameron\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1259-9659\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100779873\",\"display_name\":\"Dongping Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6188-9929\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069482413\",\"display_name\":\"Rocio Rodriguez-Juarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057724984\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandra Snelling\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006199499\",\"display_name\":\"Darryl Hudson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8828-0435\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002192129\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Fiselier\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015793767\",\"display_name\":\"Olga Kovalchuk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0506-8111\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042868572\",\"display_name\":\"Igor Kovalchuk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8137-6928\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S108911230\",\"source_display_name\":\"Molecules\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062624\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Animal Study,Inflammation", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4324147331" }, { "id": 3524, "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin for Body Dysmorphic Disorder", "normalized_title": "safety and efficacy of psilocybin for body dysmorphic disorder", "authors": "New York State Psychiatric Institute", "abstract": "In this pilot study 12 adult outpatients with body dysmorphic disorder that has not responded to at least one adequate trial of a serotonin reuptake inhibitor will be treated openly with a single oral dose of psilocybin. Followup visits to monitor safety and clinical outcome will be conducted over a 3 month period. In this pilot study, up to 12 adult outpatients with body dysmorphic disorder that has not responded to at least one adequate trial of a serotonin reuptake inhibitor will be treated openly with a single oral dose of psilocybin. Procedures will follow those previously established in depression studies of psilocybin. Patients will receive intensive preparation and support from two therapists, including 8-9 hours accompanying the patient on the day of medication administration in the Biological Studies Unit of New York State Psychiatric Institute. Followup visits to monitor safety and clinical outcome will be conducted at day 1, week1, and months 1,2, and 3 post-administration. Resting state function magnetic resonance imaging will be conducted prior to and one day after psilocybin administration to assess the effect of medication on brain circuits.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-03-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04656301", "keywords": "Body Dysmorphic Disorders, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04656301\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1465, "title": "Preclinical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic actions of psilocybin in psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "preclinical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic actions of psilocybin in psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Wulff AB, Nichols CD, Thompson SM.", "abstract": "Psychedelic compounds have shown extraordinary potential in treating a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders. Psilocybin, for example, has now been shown in several clinical trials to induce a rapid (within days) and persistent (3-12 months) improvement in human treatment-resistant depression and other neuropsychiatric conditions. Here we review the preclinical models and experimental approaches that have been used to study the neurobiological actions of psychedelic drugs. We further summarize the insights these studies have provided into the possible mechanisms underlying the induction of their therapeutic actions, including the receptors to which psychedelics bind and the second messenger signaling cascades that they activate. We also discuss potential biological processes that psychedelics may alter to produce the lasting amelioration of symptoms, including improvements in synaptic structure and function and suppression of inflammation. Improved mechanistic understanding of psychedelic drug actions will aid in the advancement of these promising new medicines. This article is part of the Special Issue on \"National Institutes of Health Psilocybin Research Speaker Series\".", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109504", "pubmed_id": "36921889", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109504", "keywords": "Humans, Inflammation, Hallucinogens, United States, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36921889\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3772, "title": "Self-treatment of depression and complex post-traumatic stress disorder with psilocybin and LSD-A retrospective case study", "normalized_title": "self treatment of depression and complex post traumatic stress disorder with psilocybin and lsd a retrospective case study", "authors": "Turkia M.", "abstract": "In medicine, psychedelics were initially considered as a tool for clinicians to understand psychotic states. Based on the presented case data, a reversal of that concept is proposed: psychedelics could be conceptualized as a tool for people chronically anxious and depressed since early childhood to understand ordinary states of mind (e.g. calmness, hopefulness, relaxation, and joy). The case concerns a young man who suffered from early-onset complex trauma due to daily abuse by his comprehensive school teacher and other pupils, resulting in severe anxiety and depression. He refused anti-depressive medication. Supportive psychotherapy failed to alleviate the situation, and interaction with psychiatric personnel subjectively experienced as rejection escalated his symptoms. At the age of 19, he resorted to unsupervised self-treatment with psilocybin. Occasional high-dose psilocybin sessions alone did not produce permanent outcomes in a constantly retraumatizing environment. After becoming unemployed at the age of 25, he dedicated himself to working with psychedelics more intensively, with gradually declining doses. The essence of his method was to relive the originally overwhelming traumatic events, maintaining a conscious focus on somatic sensations and avoiding getting overwhelmed again. In his own estimation, by the age of 30, he had resolved most of his early trauma but had been sensitized to the prevalence of trauma and its consequences (e.g. violence, racism) in the society, and his exposure to these continued to cause him suffering. Regardless, he had gained 'a foundational feeling of peace or stability that could provide safety in the middle of all this'. The information for this case study was acquired in the course of semi-structured retrospective interviews 2.5 years apart. The case illustrates that chronic treatment-resistant depression together with an unsupportive social environment may present a challenge for psychedelic therapy. As with ketamine, chronic administration may be necessary in some cases.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-03-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/wupvy", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/wupvy", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:20", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR628918\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3767, "title": "Underground small-group therapy of treatment-resistant depression and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) with psilocybin-A retrospective case study", "normalized_title": "underground small group therapy of treatment resistant depression and complex post traumatic stress disorder c ptsd with psilocybin a retrospective case study", "authors": "Turkia M.", "abstract": "While a relatively large body of research exists on many aspects of psychedelic therapy, articles describing a complete, successful treatment process are rarely found. This article therefore presents a case of a woman in her early forties with early complex trauma due to domestic violence, sexual abuse and poverty in her childhood, resulting in approximately three decades of treatment resistant depression. Antidepressive medications did not alleviate her depression but resulted in adverse effects and an eventual discontinuation of the medications. Eventually the woman resorted to 'mixed-method' underground small-group sessions that utilized breathing exercises, cold exposure, physical exercises, music, and psilocybin mushrooms. Psilocybin appeared to interrupt trauma-related dissociation, producing an 'anti-dissociative' effect, allowing the woman to re-experience, in a controlled setting, dissociated physical sensations produced by earlier overwhelming events. After a period of approximately 1.5 years, during which time she had six psilocybin sessions, either individually, in the small group, or with friends, she achieved a remission of her depression. A follow-up interview 2.5 years later indicated permanence of the result. Information was acquired from semi-structured retrospective interviews with a total duration of approximately eight hours. This case study may facilitate an improved understanding of the requirements for and the process of alleviating or resolving treatment-resistant depression with psychedelics. Recent clinical trials have utilized one or two doses of psilocybin. This case illustrates the need for adopting a multi-dose strategy over an extended period of time in order to achieve remission.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-03-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/t6k9b", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/t6k9b", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:19", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR628942\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3233, "title": "Self-treatment of depression and complex post-traumatic stress disorder with psilocybin and LSD-A retrospective case study", "normalized_title": "self treatment of depression and complex post traumatic stress disorder with psilocybin and lsd a retrospective case study", "authors": "", "abstract": "In medicine, psychedelics were initially considered as a tool for clinicians to understand psychotic states. Based on the presented case data, a reversal of that concept is proposed: psychedelics could be conceptualized as a tool for people chronically anxious and depressed since early childhood to understand ordinary states of mind (e.g. calmness, hopefulness, relaxation, and joy). The case concerns a young man who suffered from early-onset complex trauma due to daily abuse by his comprehensive school teacher and other pupils, resulting in severe anxiety and depression. He refused anti-depressive medication. Supportive psychotherapy failed to alleviate the situation, and interaction with psychiatric personnel subjectively experienced as rejection escalated his symptoms. At the age of 19, he resorted to unsupervised self-treatment with psilocybin. Occasional high-dose psilocybin sessions alone did not produce permanent outcomes in a constantly retraumatizing environment. After becoming unemployed at the age of 25, he dedicated himself to working with psychedelics more intensively, with gradually declining doses. The essence of his method was to relive the originally overwhelming traumatic events, maintaining a conscious focus on somatic sensations and avoiding getting overwhelmed again. In his own estimation, by the age of 30, he had resolved most of his early trauma but had been sensitized to the prevalence of trauma and its consequences (e.g. violence, racism) in the society, and his exposure to these continued to cause him suffering. Regardless, he had gained 'a foundational feeling of peace or stability that could provide safety in the middle of all this'. The information for this case study was acquired in the course of semi-structured retrospective interviews 2.5 years apart. The case illustrates that chronic treatment-resistant depression together with an unsupportive social environment may present a challenge for psychedelic therapy. As with ketamine, chronic administration may be necessary in some cases.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-03-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/wupvy_v1", "keywords": "Amanita muscaria, bullying, C-PTSD, dissociation, DMT, LSD, major depression, MDMA, muscimol, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic therapy, treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Dissociative Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Trauma and Stress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"wupvy_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3207, "title": "Underground small-group therapy of treatment-resistant depression and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) with psilocybin-A retrospective case study", "normalized_title": "underground small group therapy of treatment resistant depression and complex post traumatic stress disorder c ptsd with psilocybin a retrospective case study", "authors": "", "abstract": "While a relatively large body of research exists on many aspects of psychedelic therapy, articles describing a complete, successful treatment process are rarely found. This article therefore presents a case of a woman in her early forties with early complex trauma due to domestic violence, sexual abuse and poverty in her childhood, resulting in approximately three decades of treatment resistant depression. Antidepressive medications did not alleviate her depression but resulted in adverse effects and an eventual discontinuation of the medications. Eventually the woman resorted to 'mixed-method' underground small-group sessions that utilized breathing exercises, cold exposure, physical exercises, music, and psilocybin mushrooms. Psilocybin appeared to interrupt trauma-related dissociation, producing an 'anti-dissociative' effect, allowing the woman to re-experience, in a controlled setting, dissociated physical sensations produced by earlier overwhelming events. After a period of approximately 1.5 years, during which time she had six psilocybin sessions, either individually, in the small group, or with friends, she achieved a remission of her depression. A follow-up interview 2.5 years later indicated permanence of the result. Information was acquired from semi-structured retrospective interviews with a total duration of approximately eight hours. This case study may facilitate an improved understanding of the requirements for and the process of alleviating or resolving treatment-resistant depression with psychedelics. Recent clinical trials have utilized one or two doses of psilocybin. This case illustrates the need for adopting a multi-dose strategy over an extended period of time in order to achieve remission.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-03-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/t6k9b_v1", "keywords": "childhood sexual abuse, C-PTSD, domestic violence, hypnotherapy, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychedelic therapy, treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Psychotherapy, Trauma and Stress", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"t6k9b_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1536, "title": "Inhibition of Microglial GSK3β Activity Is Common to Different Kinds of Antidepressants: A Proposal for an In Vitro Screen to Detect Novel Antidepressant Principles.", "normalized_title": "inhibition of microglial gsk3β activity is common to different kinds of antidepressants a proposal for an in vitro screen to detect novel antidepressant principles", "authors": "Kalkman HO", "abstract": "Depression is a major public health concern. Unfortunately, the present antidepressants often are insufficiently effective, whilst the discovery of more effective antidepressants has been extremely sluggish. The objective of this review was to combine the literature on depression with the pharmacology of antidepressant compounds, in order to formulate a conceivable pathophysiological process, allowing proposals how to accelerate the discovery process. Risk factors for depression initiate an infection-like inflammation in the brain that involves activation microglial Toll-like receptors and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). GSK3β activity alters the balance between two competing transcription factors, the pro-inflammatory/pro-oxidative transcription factor NFκB and the neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative transcription factor NRF2. The antidepressant activity of tricyclic antidepressants is assumed to involve activation of G-coupled microglial receptors, raising intracellular cAMP levels and activation of protein kinase A (PKA). PKA and similar kinases inhibit the enzyme activity of GSK3β. Experimental antidepressant principles, including cannabinoid receptor-2 activation, opioid μ receptor agonists, 5HT2 agonists, valproate, ketamine and electrical stimulation of the Vagus nerve, all activate microglial pathways that result in GSK3β-inhibition. An in vitro screen for NRF2-activation in microglial cells with TLR-activated GSK3β activity, might therefore lead to the detection of totally novel antidepressant principles with, hopefully, an improved therapeutic efficacy.", "journal": "Biomedicines", "publication_date": "2023-03-06", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines11030806", "pubmed_id": "36979785", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36979785/", "keywords": "5-HT2B, GS-coupled receptor, GSK3β, NRF2, cannabinoid CBR2, depression risk factor, ketamine, microglia, psilocybin, toll-like receptor", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36979785\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,In Vitro Study,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1538, "title": "Discovering the Potential Mechanisms of Medicinal Mushrooms Antidepressant Activity: A Review.", "normalized_title": "discovering the potential mechanisms of medicinal mushrooms antidepressant activity a review", "authors": "Lazur J, Hnatyk K, Kała K, Sułkowska-Ziaja K, Muszyńska B.", "abstract": "Major Depression Disease is a common mental illness that affects more than 322 million people worldwide and it is one of the leading causes of mental and physical disability. The etiology of depression is a complex interplay of psychological, social, and biological factors. Currently, psychopharmacotherapy is based mainly on the monoamine theory, which states that depression is caused by an insufficient level of monoamines such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or dopamine. Due to the relatively low efficacy of the typical antidepressant and the high prevalence of treatment-resistant depression (~30%), seeking new ways of prophylaxis, adjuvant therapy, or novel compounds with antidepressant activity, is a priority. According to studies that analyzed mushroom consumption patterns and depression prevalence, it was concluded that mushroom ingestion lowers the odds of depression. Medicinal mushrooms are considered functional foods because of their ability to synthesize and accumulate different types of metabolites, which enhance their health-promoting properties. The review aims to explain the antidepressant activity of edible/medicinal mushrooms by elucidating the mechanism from different perspectives: edible mushrooms as a source of serotonin precursors and psilocybin as a rapid-acting antidepressant. These compounds exhibit anti-neuroinflammatory and antioxidant activities that impact neurotrophin expression, the neurogenesis process, and influence on the gut-brain axis.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-03-01", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/antiox12030623", "pubmed_id": "36978872", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030623", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36978872\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1546, "title": "Interaction of psychedelic tryptamine derivatives with a lipid bilayer.", "normalized_title": "interaction of psychedelic tryptamine derivatives with a lipid bilayer", "authors": "Zohairi F, Khandelia H, Hakami Zanjani AA", "abstract": "Naturally occurring psychedelics have been used for a long time as remedies or in religious ceremonies and recreational activities. Recent studies have proven the therapeutic potential of some psychedelic compounds to safely treat a wide range of diseases such as anxiety, depression, migraine, and addiction. It is hypothesized that psychedelic compounds like tryptamines can exert their effects by two possible mechanisms: binding to the transmembrane serotonin receptor and/or modifying the properties of the neuronal membrane that can alter the conformational equilibrium and desensitize receptors. The impact of three different tryptamine class compounds with a tertiary amine (dimethyltryptamine, bufotenine, and 5-MeO-DMT) in both neutral and charged forms on a model bilayer lipid membrane are studied using all-atom MD simulations. All compounds partition into the bilayer, and change membrane properties, but to different extents. We determine the tendency of compounds to partition into the membrane by free energy calculations. Neutral tryptamines partition into the bilayer almost completely. Dimethyltryptamine and 5-MeO-DMT cross the membrane spontaneously during the simulation time, but bufotenine does not, although it has the maximum effect on the structural properties of the membrane. However, protonated compounds partition partially into the bilayer and cannot pass through the middle of the membrane during the simulation time. In this way, subtle alteration of chemical structure can play a significant role in the improvement or deterioration of partitioning of these compounds into the bilayer and their passage across the membrane.", "journal": "Chemistry and physics of lipids", "publication_date": "2023-02-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105279", "pubmed_id": "36627076", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36627076/", "keywords": "5-MeO-DMT, Bufotenine, DMT, Lipid-compound interactions, Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, Psilocin, Psychedelic compounds, Serotonin, Tryptamine", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36627076\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1542, "title": "Pharmacotherapies for Treatment-Resistant Depression: How Antipsychotics Fit in the Rapidly Evolving Therapeutic Landscape.", "normalized_title": "pharmacotherapies for treatment resistant depression how antipsychotics fit in the rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape", "authors": "Jha MK, Mathew SJ.", "abstract": "One in three adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not experience clinically significant improvement after multiple sequential courses of antidepressants and have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The presence of TRD contributes to the morbidity and excess mortality associated with MDD and has been linked to significantly increased health care expenses. In the absence of a consensus definition of TRD, this report takes a broad approach by considering inadequate response to one or more courses of antidepressants and focuses on atypical antipsychotics that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treatment of depression (aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, cariprazine, extended-release quetiapine, and olanzapine-fluoxetine combination). While multiple acute-phase studies have demonstrated the efficacy of these medications in improving depressive symptoms, clinically meaningful improvement (i.e., remission) remains limited, with significant concerns about side effects (including weight gain, metabolic dysfunction, extrapyramidal symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia), especially with long-term use. With the rapidly evolving landscape of antidepressant treatments over the past few years, which has witnessed approval of rapid-acting antidepressants (e.g., esketamine nasal spray and dextromethorphan-bupropion combination) and several more in the late-stage pipeline (e.g., zuranolone and psilocybin), it remains to be seen whether the use of atypical antipsychotics will go the way of the older and rarely prescribed antidepressants (such as tricyclics and monoamine oxidase inhibitors). Pragmatic clinical trials are needed to compare the effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics with TRD-specific pharmacotherapies and neuromodulation treatments and to identify the optimal sequencing of these varied approaches for patients with MDD. When using atypical antipsychotics, clinicians and patients are encouraged to use a shared decision-making approach by personalizing treatment selection based on anticipated side effects, tolerability, cost, and feasibility.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-02-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.20230025", "pubmed_id": "36855876", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230025", "keywords": "Humans, Antipsychotic Agents, Depression, Adult, United States, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Aripiprazole, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36855876\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1541, "title": "Psychedelische Therapie mit Psilocybin und Psychotherapie - Wo stehen wir?", "normalized_title": "psychedelische therapie mit psilocybin und psychotherapie wo stehen wir", "authors": "Anne Karow", "abstract": "Psychedelische Substanzen haben sich über die letzten Jahre überraschend zu neuen Hoffnungsträgern für eine Verbesserung des Therapieerfolgs in der Behandlung verschiedener psychischer Erkrankungen entwickelt. Auslöser für die Renaissance psychedelischer Therapien waren nicht allein pharmakologische Innovationen der letzten Jahre, sondern auch eine steigende Ratlosigkeit angesichts unbefriedigender Therapieergebnisse und Nebenwirkungen in Langzeittherapien, insbesondere bei schweren und rezidivierenden depressiven Erkrankungen. Studien der letzten Jahre zeigten erste, vielversprechende Behandlungserfolge psychedelischer Therapien bei Depressionen, aber auch bei Angst- und Zwangserkrankungen, Abhängigkeitserkrankungen, sowie in der Verbesserung des psychischen Zustands bei terminalen somatischen Erkrankungen.", "journal": "PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie", "publication_date": "2023-02-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1055/a-2010-7640", "pubmed_id": "36944348", "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2010-7640", "keywords": "Gynecology, Medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4328054033\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4328054033\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W3162909048\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146113\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064873940\",\"display_name\":\"Anne Karow\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5100-9799\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S174840595\",\"source_display_name\":\"PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2010-7640\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4328054033" }, { "id": 1534, "title": "A Single Administration of Psilocybin Persistently Rescues Cognitive Deficits Caused by Adolescent Chronic Restraint Stress Without Long-Term Changes in Synaptic Protein Gene Expression in a Rat Experimental System with Translational Relevance to Depression", "normalized_title": "a single administration of psilocybin persistently rescues cognitive deficits caused by adolescent chronic restraint stress without long term changes in synaptic protein gene expression in a rat experimental system with translational relevance to depression", "authors": "Meghan Hibicke, Hannah M. Kramer, Charles D. Nichols", "abstract": "Introduction: Psilocybin has shown long-lasting antidepressant effects in preclinical and clinical trials, but the mechanisms responsible are unclear. As both passive coping strategies and pattern separation deficits are characteristics of major depression, we used adult female rats subjected to adolescent chronic restraint stress (aCRS) to investigate the effects of psilocybin on forced swim test (FST) and object pattern separation (OPS) behaviors 5 weeks after a single administration. Methods: Adolescent rats were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups-not restrained/saline, not restrained/psilocybin, restrained/saline, and restrained/psilocybin. Restrained group rats were restrained for 1 h daily from day 1 through day 14. Saline and psilocybin were administered on day 21, OPS was evaluated on days 51-55, forced swim behavior was evaluated on day 57 or 58, and animals were sacrificed on day 63. Brains were removed and the medial prefrontal cortex, dorsal dentate gyrus, dorsal CA3 hippocampal area, and ventral hippocampus were microdissected out and prepared for mRNA analysis of a panel of genes relevant to synaptic plasticity using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Psilocybin rescued cognitive function in aCRS rats in both assays, but did not affect either measure in nonstressed rats. Immobility in the FST was correlated with impaired discrimination ability in the OPS. No differences in mRNA expression for a panel of genes related to structural synaptic proteins were observed between groups, although stress was a significant contributor to variability of the gene for glutamate metabotropic receptor 2 ( Grm2 ) in two hippocampal regions. Conclusions: Our data indicate that aCRS and OPS represent a powerful system with translational relevance to study depression, and that a single treatment with psilocybin has long-lasting antidepressant-like effects without long-term alterations of mRNA related to synaptic density in brain areas relevant to depression.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2023-02-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2022.0012", "pubmed_id": "40047006", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2022.0012", "keywords": "Neuroscience, Cognition, Psilocybin, Psychology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4323041020\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":25,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W496281\",\"https://openalex.org/W1483755689\",\"https://openalex.org/W1504181864\",\"https://openalex.org/W1558137567\",\"https://openalex.org/W1653678085\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965558640\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972928390\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976729520\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977694851\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983399941\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988474369\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001243727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005354224\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011204842\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012438895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013598219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020371486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024942419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034861313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039108005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042404539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046365217\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048740604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050123488\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055096975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057200138\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063719286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064148637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071289935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074897360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082068743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082305818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085758661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089299823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092869092\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105520948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109718163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131360673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132158939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137978956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143648030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146316688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147109950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160115379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162661740\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163709008\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165107373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2212064423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319857727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398800790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2400665110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581621059\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596554562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596798372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604795661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2614237850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2742985209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2759625724\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801418002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802678418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2805248302\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883934266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888139965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890187437\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933363539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967602434\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009608926\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010604170\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035142336\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105750152\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111109377\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128197953\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165684389\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166424032\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179473685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197859851\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203928800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205085416\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210974819\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213145592\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281869157\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282963889\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283700520\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283718372\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008298741\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan Hibicke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9394-9789\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054801512\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah M. Kramer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062966169\",\"display_name\":\"Charles D. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-0646\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2022.0012\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Adolescents,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4323041020" }, { "id": 1527, "title": "Default Mode Network Modulation by Psychedelics: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "default mode network modulation by psychedelics a systematic review", "authors": "Gattuso JJ, Perkins D, Ruffell S, Lawrence AJ, Hoyer D, Jacobson LH, Timmermann C, Castle D, Rossell SL, Downey LA, Pagni BA, Galvão-Coelho NL, Nutt D, Sarris J.", "abstract": "Psychedelics are a unique class of drug that commonly produce vivid hallucinations as well as profound psychological and mystical experiences. A grouping of interconnected brain regions characterized by increased temporal coherence at rest have been termed the Default Mode Network (DMN). The DMN has been the focus of numerous studies assessing its role in self-referencing, mind wandering, and autobiographical memories. Altered connectivity in the DMN has been associated with a range of neuropsychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. To date, several studies have investigated how psychedelics modulate this network, but no comprehensive review, to our knowledge, has critically evaluated how major classical psychedelic agents-lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, and ayahuasca-modulate the DMN. Here we present a systematic review of the knowledge base. Across psychedelics there is consistent acute disruption in resting state connectivity within the DMN and increased functional connectivity between canonical resting-state networks. Various models have been proposed to explain the cognitive mechanisms of psychedelics, and in one model DMN modulation is a central axiom. Although the DMN is consistently implicated in psychedelic studies, it is unclear how central the DMN is to the therapeutic potential of classical psychedelic agents. This article aims to provide the field with a comprehensive overview that can propel future research in such a way as to elucidate the neurocognitive mechanisms of psychedelics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-02-28", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1093/ijnp/pyac074", "pubmed_id": "36272145", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac074", "keywords": "Brain, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psilocybin, Default Mode Network", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36272145\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,OCD,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Mystical Experience,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1425, "title": "Experiences of psilocybin treatment for clinical conditions: A qualitative meta-synthesis.", "normalized_title": "experiences of psilocybin treatment for clinical conditions a qualitative meta synthesis", "authors": "Crowe M, Manuel J, Carlyle D, Lacey C.", "abstract": "There is increasing clinical interest in the use of psilocybin. There is emerging evidence of the efficacy of psilocybin for the treatment of a range of clinical conditions. Mental health nurses have a unique set of skills for caring for people who are hallucinating. To expand these skills to meet the developing clinical interest in the therapeutic use of psilocybin, it is helpful to understand the experience from the perspective of the person being treated with psilocybin. A qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted to examine how those with psilocybin described their experiences to identify whether its effects are similar across different health conditions. Ten studies were included in the review. The health conditions studied were cancer, depression, HIV, substance use disorder, smoking cessation and trauma. The synthesis of findings identified three themes that were common across the studies despite the health condition: acceptance, connection and transformation. The review provides helpful insights into how people experience psilocybin and its effects on their health condition.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-02-12", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1111/inm.13127", "pubmed_id": "36779424", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.13127", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Smoking Cessation, Delivery of Health Care, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36779424\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4848, "title": "The History, Legalization and Potentials of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy", "normalized_title": "the history legalization and potentials of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Jeffery Heilman", "abstract": "The potential benefits and deficits of the chemical compound psilocybin, particularly when paired with psychotherapeutic interventions, have been increasingly apparent top­ics of interest in social, academic, and scientific circles. The unusual nature of psilocybin poses many questions in Western culture. Three of them, which will be discussed in the following review, are (1) What is psilocybin? (2) What is psilocybin-assisted psychother­apy? and (3) What are the potential advantages and disadvantages of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy? Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is an innovative treatment that has not had the opportunity to be well-studied; as a result, the topic is currently shrouded in controversy and confusion. However, a recent series of clinical trials and research projects involving psilocybin-assisted interventions have yielded significant and beneficial results; indeed, additional trials are under way. The interventions studied include the treatment of end-of-life anxiety, depression, and existential distress in patients with terminal cancer, tobacco addiction, and treatment-resistant major-depressive disorder. Investigation into the known history, uses, relevance, and therapeutic effects of psilocybin-assisted psy­chotherapy require a careful inquiry, as these interventions are making an unavoidable and profound impact on contemporary American psychological culture as well as society in general. The current review attempts to describe psilocybin’s shamanic roots, known history, legal controversy, psychotherapy, and contemporary neuroscience research.", "journal": "Journal of Scientific Exploration", "publication_date": "2023-02-10", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.31275/20222633", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.31275/20222633", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychological intervention, Hallucinogen, Distress, Legalization, Relevance (law), Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Political science, Law, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4320035163\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4320035163\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W60326299\",\"https://openalex.org/W99126694\",\"https://openalex.org/W159648164\",\"https://openalex.org/W1537216698\",\"https://openalex.org/W1573195852\",\"https://openalex.org/W1726268257\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990958891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033047816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047924458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054460669\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071088516\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093994427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118962074\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147546041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2304609394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2309265562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2320330123\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340870745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2681791877\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810011425\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899405464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943654841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944337860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951624964\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011668650\",\"https://openalex.org/W3037497292\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108542386\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118857539\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199318186\",\"https://openalex.org/W3215511316\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231194915\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234837990\",\"https://openalex.org/W4253016188\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288400169\",\"https://openalex.org/W6800267556\",\"https://openalex.org/W6902956737\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081103705\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffery Heilman\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S42616313\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Scientific Exploration\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.31275/20222633\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4320035163" }, { "id": 1502, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin for a treatment-resistant episode of major depression: Impact on patient-reported depression severity, anxiety, function, and quality of life", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for a treatment resistant episode of major depression impact on patient reported depression severity anxiety function and quality of life", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Oscar Alvarez, Merve Atli, James Bennett, Megan Croal, Charles DeBattista, Boadie W. Dunlop, David Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, John R. Kelly, Molly Lennard-Jones, Rasmus Wentzer Licht, Lindsey Marwood, Sunil Mistry, Tomáš Páleníček, Ozlem Redjep, Dimitris Repantis, Robert A. Schoevers, Batya Septimus, Hollie Simmons, Jair C. Soares, Metten Somers, S. C. Stansfield, Jessica R. Stuart, Hannah H. Tadley, Nisha K. Thiara, Joyce Tsai, Mourad Wahba, Sam Williams, Rachel I. Winzer, Allan H. Young, Matthew B. Young, Sid Zisook, Ekaterina Malievskaia", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: COMP360 is a proprietary, synthetic formulation of psilocybin being developed for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), a burdensome, life-threatening illness with high global impact. Here, we expand upon the previous report of primary outcomes from a phase 2 study of COMP360 in individuals with TRD-the largest randomised controlled clinical trial of psilocybin-to discuss findings of the exploratory efficacy endpoints. METHODS: In this phase 2, double-blind trial, 233 participants with TRD were randomised to receive a single dose of psilocybin 25 mg, 10 mg, or 1 mg (control), administered alongside psychological support from trained therapists. Efficacy measures assessed patient-reported depression severity, anxiety, positive and negative affect, functioning and associated disability, quality of life, and cognitive function. RESULTS: At Week 3, psilocybin 25 mg, compared with 1 mg, was associated with greater improvements from Baseline total scores in all measures. The 10 mg dose produced smaller effects across these measures. LIMITATIONS: Interpretation of this trial is limited by the absence of an active comparator and the possibility of functional unblinding in participants who received a low dose of psilocybin. CONCLUSIONS: Three weeks after dosing, psilocybin 25 mg and, to a lesser degree, 10 mg improved measures of patient-reported depression severity, anxiety, affect, and functioning. These results extend the primary findings from the largest randomised clinical trial of psilocybin for TRD to examine other outcomes that are of importance to patients.", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2023-02-02", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.108", "pubmed_id": "36740140", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.108", "keywords": "Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Quality of life (healthcare), Psychology, Major depressive episode, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Psychotherapist, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4319067008\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":167,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024075080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058805315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096230543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115905656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473786944\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810880335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888254436\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912070790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945505543\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000386776\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023930846\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112905453\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127348774\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146268156\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200347272\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031562832\",\"display_name\":\"Oscar Alvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085127841\",\"display_name\":\"Merve Atli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101823997\",\"display_name\":\"James Bennett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4930-2638\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072218538\",\"display_name\":\"Megan Croal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-1003\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030186541\",\"display_name\":\"Charles DeBattista\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078217449\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-5750\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033335673\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Lennard-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083653322\",\"display_name\":\"Rasmus Wentzer Licht\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8095-3490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056888000\",\"display_name\":\"Tomáš Páleníček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-9539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027641311\",\"display_name\":\"Ozlem Redjep\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012350581\",\"display_name\":\"Dimitris Repantis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-6286\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041672101\",\"display_name\":\"Batya Septimus\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030406378\",\"display_name\":\"Hollie Simmons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082192669\",\"display_name\":\"Jair C. Soares\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110958562\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica R. Stuart\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083314856\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah H. Tadley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033560856\",\"display_name\":\"Nisha K. Thiara\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111726730\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002735246\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel I. Winzer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091177873\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-3190\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111647932\",\"display_name\":\"Sid Zisook\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.108\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4319067008" }, { "id": 1565, "title": "Psilocybin therapy for depression. A good trip?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for depression a good trip", "authors": "Rucker JJ.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-01-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1080/09638237.2023.2183492", "pubmed_id": "36913702", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2023.2183492", "keywords": "Humans, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36913702\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1555, "title": "Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Østergaard SD, Hieronymus F.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-01-31", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1056/nejmc2215459", "pubmed_id": "36812443", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmc2215459", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36812443\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3695, "title": "SV2A Marker of Synaptogenesis in a Clinical Trial of Psilocybin for Depression", "normalized_title": "sv2a marker of synaptogenesis in a clinical trial of psilocybin for depression", "authors": "Washington University School of Medicine", "abstract": "Participants with depression will be given a single dose of psilocybin and supportive psychotherapy before, during, and after drug administration. Participants will undergo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging before and one week after psilocybin using a marker of synaptic density. This design allows us to assess the relationship between neurotrophic, and antidepressant effects produced by psilocybin. The investigators are studying the neurotrophic effects of psilocybin using 11C-UCB-J, a PET marker for synaptogenesis. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic and exerts perceptual effects via 5-HT2A receptor agonism. Psilocybin has gained a great deal of attention as a tool for psychiatric treatment, with clinical trials demonstrating symptom relief after a single dose that is immediate and persists for months. Recognizing the therapeutic potential of psilocybin, the US Food and Drug Administration granted breakthrough therapy status to the Usona Institute for Phase 2 testing of psilocybin in depression. Animal models suggest that psychedelics exert antidepressant effects by producing a rapid and powerful neurotrophic response in the brain. The investigators will enroll patients with major depressive disorder and anhedonia. Participants will be given a single dose of psilocybin and supportive psychotherapy before, during, and after drug administration. Participants will undergo PET imaging before and one week after drug using 11C-UCB-J, a radiotracer that binds to SV2A - a marker of synaptic density and synaptogenesis. This design allows the investigators to assess the relationship between neurotrophic, and antidepressant effects produced by psilocybin.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2023-01-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05601648", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Anhedonia, Psilocybin, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05601648\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1566, "title": "Corrigendum to 'Single-dose psilocybin-assisted therapy in major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial'.", "normalized_title": "corrigendum to single dose psilocybin assisted therapy in major depressive disorder a placebo controlled double blind randomised clinical trial", "authors": "von Rotz R, Schindowski EM, Jungwirth J, Schuldt A, Rieser NM, Zahoranszky K, Seifritz E, Nowak A, Nowak P, Jäncke L, Preller KH, Vollenweider FX.", "abstract": "[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809.].", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-01-29", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101841", "pubmed_id": "36747965", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101841", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36747965\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4856, "title": "Therapeutic potential of psilocybin: a promising agent in treating major depressive disorder", "normalized_title": "therapeutic potential of psilocybin a promising agent in treating major depressive disorder", "authors": "Dragana Marković, Eleonora Čapelja", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression, is a serious mental disorder and ranks first among psychiatric disorders that dominate the global disease burden. Recently, it was found that psilocybin, active compound derived from psychotropic mushrooms, can relieve depression symptoms rapidly and sustained benefits for several months. Beside MDD, psilocybin can alleviate symptoms of anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. In the human body, psilocybin is dephosphorylated to form its active metabolite, psilocin which exhibits its effect through binding to various serotonin receptors. Is is considered relatively safe and can potentially meet the therapeutic needs without addictiveness and overdose risk. Although psilocybin has great potential in treating MDD and other psychological disorders, many studies so far lack homogeneity in their methodology, which limits conclusions. Further studies are needed in more extensive and diverse populations.", "journal": "AIDASCO Reviews", "publication_date": "2023-01-16", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.59783/aire.2023.15", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.59783/aire.2023.15", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Depression (economics), Medicine, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406142619\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4406142619\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077364302\",\"display_name\":\"Dragana Marković\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3646-8505\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031710024\",\"display_name\":\"Eleonora Čapelja\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5507-7767\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387290105\",\"source_display_name\":\"AIDASCO Reviews\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.59783/aire.2023.15\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4406142619" }, { "id": 1398, "title": "Psychedelics for Patients With Cancer: A Comprehensive Literature Review.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for patients with cancer a comprehensive literature review", "authors": "White CM, Weisman N, Dalo J.", "abstract": "ObjectiveTo assess the role of psychedelics in the treatment of anxiety or depression among patients with cancer.Data sourcesPubMed search from inception to March 11, 2022, using the terms anxiety, depression, psychedelics, psilocybin, lysergic acid, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or ayahuasca.Study selection and data extractionStudies assessing patients with cancer receiving psychedelics for the treatment of anxiety or depression.Data synthesisFive unique randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were conducted. Significant reductions were found in 2 trials with 2 anxiety scales (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait) and in 1 trial with 2 additional anxiety scales (Hamilton Rating Scale-Anxiety, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety). Significant reductions were found in 2 trials in 2 depression scales (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression, Beck Depression Inventory) and in 1 trial with an additional depression scale (Hamilton Rating Scale-Depression). Two studies assessed for clinically relevant reductions in anxiety and depression scores, and they occurred much more commonly in psychedelic-treated patients than those given placebo.Relevance to patient care and clinical practiceThere is a new potential option for treating patients with anxiety and depression along with cancer, which is important given the generally lackluster benefits with traditional antidepressants. Only a few sessions may also provide benefits extending out for 6 to 12 months and possibly beyond that. However, the studies were small, had many methodological limitations, and there were increases in blood pressure and heart rate.ConclusionsPsychedelics have a unique mechanism of action that might be well suited for treating anxiety and depression associated with cancer. This offers new promise for patients who are not being sufficiently treated with current antianxiety or antidepressant medications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-01-11", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/10600280221144055", "pubmed_id": "36635883", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280221144055", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Anxiety, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36635883\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1580, "title": "The Bright Side of Psychedelics: Latest Advances and Challenges in Neuropharmacology.", "normalized_title": "the bright side of psychedelics latest advances and challenges in neuropharmacology", "authors": "Mastinu A, Anyanwu M, Carone M, Abate G, Bonini SA, Peron G, Tirelli E, Pucci M, Ribaudo G, Oselladore E, Premoli M, Gianoncelli A, Uberti DL, Memo M.", "abstract": "The need to identify effective therapies for the treatment of psychiatric disorders is a particularly important issue in modern societies. In addition, difficulties in finding new drugs have led pharmacologists to review and re-evaluate some past molecules, including psychedelics. For several years there has been growing interest among psychotherapists in psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, of depression, or of post-traumatic stress disorder, although results are not always clear and definitive. In fact, the mechanisms of action of psychedelics are not yet fully understood and some molecular aspects have yet to be well defined. Thus, this review aims to summarize the ethnobotanical uses of the best-known psychedelic plants and the pharmacological mechanisms of the main active ingredients they contain. Furthermore, an up-to-date overview of structural and computational studies performed to evaluate the affinity and binding modes to biologically relevant receptors of ibogaine, mescaline, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, psilocin, and lysergic acid diethylamide is presented. Finally, the most recent clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of psychedelic molecules in some psychiatric disorders are discussed and compared with drugs already used in therapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2023-01-09", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.3390/ijms24021329", "pubmed_id": "36674849", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021329", "keywords": "Humans, Mescaline, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Ibogaine, Hallucinogens, Neuropharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36674849\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,OCD,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1478, "title": "Acute psilocybin enhances cognitive flexibility in rats", "normalized_title": "acute psilocybin enhances cognitive flexibility in rats", "authors": "Pacheco AT, Olson RJ, Garza G, Moghaddam B.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has been shown to improve symptoms of depression and anxiety when combined with psychotherapy or other clinician-guided interventions. To understand the neural basis for this pattern of clinical efficacy, experimental and conceptual approaches that are different than traditional laboratory models of anxiety and depression are needed. A potential novel mechanism is that acute psilocybin improves cognitive flexibility, which then enhances the impact of clinician-assisted interventions. Consistent with this idea, we find that acute psilocybin robustly improves cognitive flexibility in male and female rats using a task where animals switched between previously learned strategies in response to uncued changes in the environment. Psilocybin did not influence Pavlovian reversal learning, suggesting that its cognitive effects are selective to enhanced switching between previously learned behavioral strategies. The serotonin (5HT) 2A receptor antagonist ketanserin blocked psilocybin’s effect on set-shifting, while a 5HT2C-selective antagonist did not. Ketanserin alone also improved set-shifting performance, suggesting a complex relationship between psilocybin’s pharmacology and its impact on flexibility. Further, the psychedelic drug 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) impaired cognitive flexibility in the same task, suggesting that this effect of psilocybin does not generalize to all other serotonergic psychedelics. We conclude that the acute impact of psilocybin on cognitive flexibility provides a useful behavioral model to investigate its neuronal effects relevant to its positive clinical outcome.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2023-01-08", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": "10.1101/2023.01.09.523291", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.09.523291", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR593926\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3354, "title": "Et psykoanalytisk og et postmoderne perspektiv på selv/egoopløsning i en psykedelisk kontekst", "normalized_title": "et psykoanalytisk og et postmoderne perspektiv på selv egoopløsning i en psykedelisk kontekst", "authors": "", "abstract": "Self or ego dissolution (SED) is a recurring, yet vaguely defined phenomenon often associated with positive therapeutic outcomes within clinical research on classic psychedelic substances. The aim of this thesis is to achieve a deeper understanding and improve terminological clarity of SED in a psychedelic context, here defined as research settings in which moderate to high doses of psilocybin are administered. SED is investigated from two different psychological perspectives to demonstrate how different understandings of the self and ego can contribute differently to the understanding of SED. Firstly, Freud’s theory of the subject constitutes a psychoanalytical perspective, which focuses on intra- and intersubjective processes in the constitution of the subject. Secondly, Rose’s theory of the subject constitutes a postmodern perspective, which focuses on contextual processes in the constitution of the subject. A qualitative systematic review (SR) is conducted to apply these theories analytically to empirical data on SED. The SR consists of 10 studies containing qualitative descriptions of subjects’ experiences with SED in a psilocybin-assisted psychotherapeutic (PAP) context. A thematic analysis of the subjects’ experiences is presented, and synthesized into four meta-themes that describe recurring characteristics of SED. These are 1) a stronger feeling of essence, 2) a greater feeling of connection, 3) a different bodily experience, and 4) a challenging but eventually blissful or meaningful experience. On the basis of the psychoanalytic analysis, it is suggested that SED can be understood as related to changes in the boundaries of the meta-psychological I and regression to primary processes including the fantasy and the skin ego. Additionally, based on the postmodern analysis it is suggested that SED can be understood as influenced by an unusual psy-context. Critical reflections on how the thesis contributes to the understanding of SED are presented and the strengths and weaknesses of the chosen theories and empirical data are discussed, specifically regarding interpretation bias, generalizability, data extraction, validity, causality, and eclecticism. It is concluded that the thesis provides insights important to psychological understandings of SED, insights that have potential clinical relevance. However, it is also argued that the investigation highlights that SED is a phenomenon that is difficult to capture and therefore should be investigated further from alternative psychological perspectives.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2023-01-03", "publication_year": 2023, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/f26ce_v1", "keywords": "ego dissolution, postmodern theory, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychoanalytic theory, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Intervention Research, Substance Abuse and Addiction, Clinical Neuropsychology, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience, Therapy, Psychotherapy, Social and Personality Psychology, Self and Social Identity, Psychopharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"f26ce_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Personality Change,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4888, "title": "Psilocybin rescues depressive phenotype and modulates serotonin-2A and glucocorticoid receptor mRNA expression in brain cortex of a stress animal model", "normalized_title": "psilocybin rescues depressive phenotype and modulates serotonin 2a and glucocorticoid receptor mrna expression in brain cortex of a stress animal model", "authors": "Ines Erkizia-Santamaría, Guadalupe Rivero, Igor Horrillo, J. Javier Meana, Jorge E. Ortega", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102452", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102452", "keywords": "Glucocorticoid receptor, Psilocybin, Neuroscience, Phenotype, Glucocorticoid, Serotonin, Cortex (anatomy), Receptor, Endocrinology, Biology, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Genetics, Pharmacology, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390223807\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390223807\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064629089\",\"display_name\":\"Ines Erkizia-Santamaría\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-4571\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066437036\",\"display_name\":\"Guadalupe Rivero\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-4047\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028869928\",\"display_name\":\"Igor Horrillo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-5884\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024198476\",\"display_name\":\"J. Javier Meana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7913-6714\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033481973\",\"display_name\":\"Jorge E. Ortega\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-874X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102452\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390223807" }, { "id": 4887, "title": "The safety and efficacy of COMP360 psilocybin therapy in treatment-resistant depression: results from a long-term observational follow-up study", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of comp360 psilocybin therapy in treatment resistant depression results from a long term observational follow up study", "authors": "Guy M. Goodwin, Lindsey Marwood, S. Mistry, Anna Nowakowska, Zainib Shabir, H. Clifton Simmons, E.K. Teoh, Jeng-Yu Tsai, E. Malievskaia", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102906", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102906", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Observational study, Depression (economics), Term (time), Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Internal medicine, Physics, Economics, Macroeconomics, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390223380\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390223380\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016967968\",\"display_name\":\"S. Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036831540\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Nowakowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4016-1522\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076970739\",\"display_name\":\"Zainib Shabir\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-7241\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110391116\",\"display_name\":\"H. Clifton Simmons\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5738-5771\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111628063\",\"display_name\":\"E.K. Teoh\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008221825\",\"display_name\":\"Jeng-Yu Tsai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-3744\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012063316\",\"display_name\":\"E. Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102906\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390223380" }, { "id": 4886, "title": "Effect of co-administration of low doses of psilocybin and mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 in chronic restraint stress model of depression", "normalized_title": "effect of co administration of low doses of psilocybin and mglur2 3 antagonist ly341495 in chronic restraint stress model of depression", "authors": "Agata Machaczka, Jane Turek, Dorota Bederska-Łojewska, Bartłomiej Pochwat, Łukasz Gąsior, Bernadeta Szewczyk, Andrzej Pilc", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102939", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102939", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antagonist, Depression (economics), Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Receptor, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390223307\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390223307\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046125337\",\"display_name\":\"Agata Machaczka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-4795\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111100401\",\"display_name\":\"Jane Turek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068240095\",\"display_name\":\"Dorota Bederska-Łojewska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9958-3730\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028212666\",\"display_name\":\"Bartłomiej Pochwat\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3785-6721\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037111048\",\"display_name\":\"Łukasz Gąsior\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6417-9861\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045678056\",\"display_name\":\"Bernadeta Szewczyk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6863-7951\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082517862\",\"display_name\":\"Andrzej Pilc\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4045-0597\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102939\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390223307" }, { "id": 4883, "title": "Change in whole blood BDNF after escitalopram or psilocybin intervention in patients with depression and healthy controls", "normalized_title": "change in whole blood bdnf after escitalopram or psilocybin intervention in patients with depression and healthy controls", "authors": "Miriam L. Navarro, Alberte Wollesen Breum, Annette Johansen, Brice Ozenne, Vibe G. Frøkjær, Gitte M. Knudsen", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103646", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103646", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Intervention (counseling), Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Personality Disorders and Psychopathology, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390222237\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4390222237\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104219911\",\"display_name\":\"Miriam L. Navarro\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045533041\",\"display_name\":\"Alberte Wollesen Breum\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8399-4308\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072267838\",\"display_name\":\"Annette Johansen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-2368\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021739634\",\"display_name\":\"Brice Ozenne\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-2956\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029788021\",\"display_name\":\"Vibe G. Frøkjær\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-2365\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015895924\",\"display_name\":\"Gitte M. Knudsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-6866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.103646\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Personality Change", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4390222237" }, { "id": 4876, "title": "Therapeutic mechanism of psilocybin in the treatment of depression and other psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic mechanism of psilocybin in the treatment of depression and other psychiatric disorders", "authors": "O. Shahar, A. Botvinik, T. Lifschytz, B. Lerer", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2023.101067", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.101067", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Mechanism (biology), Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Philosophy, Economics, Epistemology, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:46", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4327497830\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4327497830\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047369776\",\"display_name\":\"O. Shahar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016497054\",\"display_name\":\"A. Botvinik\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007000691\",\"display_name\":\"T. Lifschytz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066118844\",\"display_name\":\"B. Lerer\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.101067\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4327497830" }, { "id": 1592, "title": "Addressing the Current Knowledge and Gaps in Research Surrounding Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD), Psilocybin, and Psilocin in Rodent Models.", "normalized_title": "addressing the current knowledge and gaps in research surrounding lysergic acid diethylamide lsd psilocybin and psilocin in rodent models", "authors": "Ezeaka UC, Kim HJJ, Laprairie RB.", "abstract": "Lysergic acid Diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and psilocin are being intensively evaluated as potential therapeutics to treat depression, anxiety, substance use disorder, and a host of other psychiatric illnesses. Pre-clinical investigation of these compounds in rodent models forms a key component of their drug development process. In this review, we will summarize the evidence gathered to date surrounding LSD, psilocybin, and psilocin in rodent models of the psychedelic experience, behavioural organization, substance use, alcohol consumption, drug discrimination, anxiety, depression-like behaviour, stress response, and pharmacokinetics. In reviewing these topics, we identify three knowledge gaps as areas of future inquiry: sex differences, oral dosing rather than injection, and chronic dosing regimens. A comprehensive understanding of LSD, psilocybin, and psilocin's in vivo pharmacology may not only lead to their successful clinical implementation but optimize the use of these compounds as controls or references in the development of novel psychedelic therapeutics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.2174/1568026623666230705151922", "pubmed_id": "37409550", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026623666230705151922", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37409550\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1591, "title": "Functional MRI markers for treatment-resistant depression: Insights and challenges.", "normalized_title": "functional mri markers for treatment resistant depression insights and challenges", "authors": "Kotoula V, Evans JW, Punturieri C, Johnson SC, Zarate CA", "abstract": "Imaging studies of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) have examined brain activity, structure, and metabolite concentrations to identify critical areas of investigation in TRD as well as potential targets for treatment interventions. This chapter provides an overview of the main findings of studies using three imaging modalities: structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Decreased connectivity and metabolite concentrations in frontal brain areas appear to characterize TRD, although results are not consistent across studies. Treatment interventions, including rapid-acting antidepressants and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), have shown some efficacy in reversing these changes while alleviating depressive symptoms. However, comparatively few TRD imaging studies have been conducted, and these studies often have relatively small sample sizes or employ different methods to examine a variety of brain areas, making it difficult to draw firm conclusions from imaging studies about the pathophysiology of TRD. Larger studies with more unified hypotheses, as well as data sharing, could help TRD research and spur better characterization of the illness, providing critical new targets for treatment intervention.", "journal": "Progress in brain research", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.04.001", "pubmed_id": "37414490", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37414490/", "keywords": "Connectivity, Electroconvulsive therapy, Functional MRI, Ketamine, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Psilocybin, Structural MRI, Transcranial magnetic stimulation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37414490\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1586, "title": "UNCOVERING THE UNTAPPED POTENTIAL OF PSILOCYBIN THERAPY IN ALLEVIATING CANCER-RELATED DEPRESSION: AN URGENT CALL TO RE-EVALUATE TREATMENT STRATEGIES.", "normalized_title": "uncovering the untapped potential of psilocybin therapy in alleviating cancer related depression an urgent call to re evaluate treatment strategies", "authors": "Ahmed H, Mushahid H, Arshad T.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "37992112", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/37992112", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37992112\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1577, "title": "On blinding and suicide risk in a recent trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "on blinding and suicide risk in a recent trial of psilocybin assisted therapy for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Natalie Gukasyan", "abstract": "", "journal": "Med", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.medj.2022.12.003", "pubmed_id": "36640755", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2022.12.003", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Blinding, Depression (economics), Expectancy theory, Adverse effect, Medicine, Psychiatry, Treatment-resistant depression, Clinical trial, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Internal medicine, Cognition, Social psychology, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4315874306\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4315874306\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":12,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2061442239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292937262\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293801859\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W6846521495\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210167770\",\"source_display_name\":\"Med\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2022.12.003\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4315874306" }, { "id": 1576, "title": "Is psilocybin an effective antidepressant and what is its Mechanism of action?", "normalized_title": "is psilocybin an effective antidepressant and what is its mechanism of action", "authors": "Mann JJ.", "abstract": "Goodwin et al.1 report a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin has an antidepressant effect short-term in medication-resistant depression. Unanswered questions include drug blood level as a guide to dose, psychedelic effects relationship to antidepressant benefit, and potential suicide risk of psilocybin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100906", "pubmed_id": "36652915", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100906", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36652915\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1509, "title": "The Impact of Psilocybin on Patients Experiencing Psychiatric Symptoms: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "the impact of psilocybin on patients experiencing psychiatric symptoms a systematic review of randomized clinical trials", "authors": "IsHak WW, Garcia P, Pearl R, Dang J, William C, Totlani J, Danovitch I.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of psilocybin on patients experiencing psychiatric symptoms, with a focus on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and safety.Method of researchFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched the PubMed database and identified studies published from January 2011 to December 2021 pertaining to the impact of psilocybin on psychiatric symptoms. Two authors independently conducted a focused analysis and reached a final consensus on five studies meeting the specific selection criteria. Study bias was addressed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.ResultsThe impact of psilocybin on psychiatric symptoms was examined in five randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Four studies administered 1 to 2 doses of psilocybin, with doses ranging from 14mg/70kg to 30mg/70kg, and one study administered a fixed dose of 25mg to all participants. Administration of psilocybin resulted in significant and sustained reduction in symptoms of anxiety and depression, enhanced sense of wellbeing, life satisfaction, and positive mood immediately after psilocybin administration and up to six months after conclusion of treatment. All studies included some form of psychotherapy, and none reported serious adverse effects.ConclusionRCTs show the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as improvement in HRQoL, and no serious side effects. However, additional research is necessary to characterize predictors of treatment response, patient screening requirements, effectiveness in broader clinical populations, and guidelines for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "37387703", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/37387703", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37387703\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1402, "title": "Scoping Review of Experiential Measures from Psychedelic Research and Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "scoping review of experiential measures from psychedelic research and clinical trials", "authors": "Herrmann Z, Earleywine M, De Leo J, Slabaugh S, Kenny T, Rush AJ", "abstract": "Subjective responses to psychoactive drugs have served as intriguing windows into consciousness as well as useful predictors. Subjective reactions to psychedelic molecules are particularly interesting given how they covary with subsequent improvements associated with psychedelic-assisted treatments. Although links between subjective reactions and decreases in treatment-resistant clinical depression, end-of-life anxiety, and maladaptive consumption of alcohol and nicotine appear in the empirical literature, the measurement of these subjective responses has proven difficult. Several scales developed over many decades show reasonable internal consistency. Studies suggest that many have a replicable factor structure and other good psychometric properties, but samples are often small and self-selected. We review the psychometric properties of some of the most widely used scales and detail their links to improvement in response to psychedelic-assisted treatments. Generally, assessments of mystical experiences or oceanic boundlessness correlate with improvements. Challenging subjective experiences, psychological insight, and emotional breakthroughs also show considerable promise, though replication would strengthen conclusions. We suggest a collaborative approach where investigators can focus on key responses to ensure that the field will eventually have data from many participants who report their subjective reactions to psychedelic molecules in a therapeutic setting. This may aid in predicting improvement amongst targeted conditions and wellbeing.", "journal": "Journal of psychoactive drugs", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2022.2125467", "pubmed_id": "36127639", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36127639/", "keywords": "Mystical experience questionnaire, hallucinogens, oceanic boundlessness, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36127639\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1361, "title": "Bedside to bench: the outlook for psychedelic research.", "normalized_title": "bedside to bench the outlook for psychedelic research", "authors": "Acero VP, Cribas ES, Browne KD, Rivellini O, Burrell JC, O'Donnell JC, Das S, Cullen DK", "abstract": "There has recently been a resurgence of interest in psychedelic compounds based on studies demonstrating their potential therapeutic applications in treating post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse disorders, and treatment-resistant depression. Despite promising efficacy observed in some clinical trials, the full range of biological effects and mechanism(s) of action of these compounds have yet to be fully established. Indeed, most studies to date have focused on assessing the psychological mechanisms of psychedelics, often neglecting the non-psychological modes of action. However, it is important to understand that psychedelics may mediate their therapeutic effects through multi-faceted mechanisms, such as the modulation of brain network activity, neuronal plasticity, neuroendocrine function, glial cell regulation, epigenetic processes, and the gut-brain axis. This review provides a framework supporting the implementation of a multi-faceted approach, incorporating, and modeling, to aid in the comprehensive understanding of the physiological effects of psychedelics and their potential for clinical application beyond the treatment of psychiatric disorders. We also provide an overview of the literature supporting the potential utility of psychedelics for the treatment of brain injury (e.g., stroke and traumatic brain injury), neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases), and gut-brain axis dysfunction associated with psychiatric disorders (e.g., generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder). To move the field forward, we outline advantageous experimental frameworks to explore these and other novel applications for psychedelics.", "journal": "Frontiers in pharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-12-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2023.1240295", "pubmed_id": "37869749", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37869749/", "keywords": "DMT, MDMA, ayahuasca, ketamine, mechanism of action (MOA), psilocybin, psychedelics, salvinorin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"37869749\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Epigenetics,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1615, "title": "Psilocybin for Depression: From Credibility to Feasibility, What’s Missing?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression from credibility to feasibility what s missing", "authors": "Antonio Munafò, Davide Arillotta, Guido Mannaioni, Fabrizio Schifano, Renato Bernardini, Giuseppina Cantarella", "abstract": "Psilocybin has been suggested as a promising transdiagnostic treatment strategy for a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Recent findings showed that psychedelic-assisted/\"psycholitic\" psychotherapy should provide significant and sustained alleviation of depressive symptoms. However, to date, there have been several study limitations (e.g., small sample sizes, blinding, limited follow-up, highly screened treatment populations) and some health/political issues, including practitioners' experience, lack of standardized protocols, psychedelics' legal status, ethical concerns, and potential psychological/psychopathological/medical untoward effects. The focus here is on a range of clinical and methodological issues, also aiming at outlining some possible suggestions. We are confident that newer evidence, more precise protocols, and eventual reclassification policies may allow a better understanding of the real potential of psilocybin as a transdiagnostic therapeutic molecule.", "journal": "Pharmaceuticals", "publication_date": "2022-12-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/ph16010068", "pubmed_id": "36678564", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16010068", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Credibility, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychology, Data science, Computer science, Hallucinogen, Political science, Macroeconomics, Law, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": 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Munafò\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1370-2880\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069522381\",\"display_name\":\"Davide Arillotta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-0595\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045736692\",\"display_name\":\"Guido Mannaioni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8273-7377\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078706372\",\"display_name\":\"Fabrizio Schifano\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-5401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069031239\",\"display_name\":\"Renato Bernardini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4765-0663\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027839113\",\"display_name\":\"Giuseppina Cantarella\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7670-9337\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S16322639\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmaceuticals\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16010068\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313471532" }, { "id": 1547, "title": "Genome sequencing progenies of magic mushrooms (Psilocybe subaeruginosa) identifies tetrapolar mating and gene duplications in the psilocybin pathway", "normalized_title": "genome sequencing progenies of magic mushrooms psilocybe subaeruginosa identifies tetrapolar mating and gene duplications in the psilocybin pathway", "authors": "Alistair R. McTaggart, Timothy Y. James, Jason C. Slot, Caine Barlow, Nigel Fechner, Louise S. Shuey, A. Drenth", "abstract": "", "journal": "Fungal Genetics and Biology", "publication_date": "2022-12-28", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103769", "pubmed_id": "36587787", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103769", "keywords": "Biology, Genetics, Inbreeding depression, Locus (genetics), Gene, Psilocybin, Genetic diversity, Evolutionary biology, Inbreeding, Population, Hallucinogen, Demography, Sociology, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Fungal Biology and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313334084\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313334084\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":13,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1519266993\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968089550\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983102293\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029970956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035966989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045204781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058076852\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081934591\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083529525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084875688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102861663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107315861\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110473977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112821341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120902911\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121023692\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123908079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130198181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131271579\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136059685\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143667210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153056979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156949131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161745371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170261749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2580986030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582743722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789843538\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981615389\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988396470\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005235420\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107541694\",\"https://openalex.org/W3172267869\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226078702\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280616839\",\"https://openalex.org/W6797452986\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084720096\",\"display_name\":\"Alistair R. McTaggart\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0996-1313\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031270828\",\"display_name\":\"Timothy Y. James\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1123-5986\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053454511\",\"display_name\":\"Jason C. Slot\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6731-3405\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001534010\",\"display_name\":\"Caine Barlow\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6682-7500\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010796808\",\"display_name\":\"Nigel Fechner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4803-048X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060152507\",\"display_name\":\"Louise S. Shuey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7813-834X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077870365\",\"display_name\":\"A. Drenth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8510-1534\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S51923826\",\"source_display_name\":\"Fungal Genetics and Biology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103769\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Genomics", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313334084" }, { "id": 4892, "title": "The Potential of Psilocybe Genus Fungi to Treat Depression and Some Addictions", "normalized_title": "the potential of psilocybe genus fungi to treat depression and some addictions", "authors": "Vanessa Eveline VLAIC, Andreea ONA", "abstract": "The therapeutic use of the substance psilocin produced by the fungi from the genus named Psilocybe has been an interesting but also controversial topic of discussion among researchers since the 1950s until now. These fungi can synthesize several alkaloids such as psilocybin, which has hallucinogenic properties, but also muscarine, which is a toxic substance that stimulates that part of the nervous system called parasympathetic. The use of psilocybin in therapy has been spreading for several decades from America, spreading all over the western world. For the first time, the substance was isolated from a species called Psilocybe mexicana mushroom, but then more than 30 such species were discovered. Psilocybin mushrooms were used by the Aztec shamans in healing, religious and divinatory rituals, but also by the Mesoamerican populations. This natural organic compound is derived from the substance dimethyltryptamine phosphate which is known to be a brain stimulant, and which is found in more than 200 species of mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus. The liver breaks down psilocybin through the phosphorylation process resulting in psilocin, the substance that causes the psychoactive effect. Because the substance is used for relaxing the nervous system, its introduction into medicine and psychotherapy has brought great controversies until now.", "journal": "Hop and Medicinal Plants", "publication_date": "2022-12-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.15835/hpm.v30i1-2.14453", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.15835/hpm.v30i1-2.14453", "keywords": "Genus, Depression (economics), Biology, Botany, Biotechnology, Economics, Macroeconomics, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Fungal Biology and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405141401\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4405141401\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115025800\",\"display_name\":\"Vanessa Eveline VLAIC\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5115025801\",\"display_name\":\"Andreea ONA\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5406994787\",\"source_display_name\":\"Hop and Medicinal Plants\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.15835/hpm.v30i1-2.14453\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4405141401" }, { "id": 1567, "title": "Single-dose psilocybin-assisted therapy in major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin assisted therapy in major depressive disorder a placebo controlled double blind randomised clinical trial", "authors": "Robin von Rotz, Eva Maria Schindowski, Johannes Jungwirth, Anna Schuldt, Nathalie M. Rieser, Katharina Zahoranszky, Erich Seifritz, Albina Nowak, Peter J.C.M. Nowak, Lutz Jäncke, Katrin H. Preller, Franz X. Vollenweider", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin has been suggested as a novel, rapid-acting treatment for depression. Two consecutive doses have been shown to markedly decrease symptom severity in an open-label setting or when compared to a waiting list group. To date, to our knowledge, no other trial compared a single, moderate dose of psilocybin to a placebo condition. Methods: In this double-blind, randomised clinical trial, 52 participants diagnosed with major depressive disorder and no unstable somatic conditions were allocated to receive either a single, moderate dose (0.215 mg/kg body weight) of psilocybin or placebo in conjunction with psychological support. MADRS and BDI scores were assessed to estimate depression severity, while changes from baseline to 14 days after the intervention were defined as primary endpoints. The trial took place between April 11th, 2019 and October 12th, 2021 at the psychiatric university hospital in Zürich, Switzerland and was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03715127). Findings: = 0.67; P = 0.019; BDI) 14 days after the intervention. 14/26 (54%) participants met the MADRS remission criteria in the psilocybin condition. Interpretation: These results suggest that a single, moderate dose of psilocybin significantly reduces depressive symptoms compared to a placebo condition for at least two weeks. No serious adverse events were recorded. Larger, multi-centric trials with longer follow-up periods are needed to inform further optimisation of this novel treatment paradigm. Funding: The study was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, Crowdfunding, the Swiss Neuromatrix Foundation, and the Heffter Research Institute.", "journal": "EClinicalMedicine", "publication_date": "2022-12-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809", "pubmed_id": "36636296", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Placebo, Medicine, Depression (economics), Randomized controlled trial, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Double blind, Major depressive disorder, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Pathology, Amygdala, Alternative medicine, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313530670\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":343,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1966923154\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991064387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123488676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145998697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171340584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943320709\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954134279\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124059976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210625095\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214649547\",\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"https://openalex.org/W6784604619\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058976475\",\"display_name\":\"Robin von Rotz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4087-3650\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023657656\",\"display_name\":\"Eva Maria Schindowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-6902\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004899435\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes Jungwirth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8142-5874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062524931\",\"display_name\":\"Anna Schuldt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050105328\",\"display_name\":\"Nathalie M. Rieser\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5804-1409\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004313074\",\"display_name\":\"Katharina Zahoranszky\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054205916\",\"display_name\":\"Albina Nowak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109160166\",\"display_name\":\"Peter J.C.M. Nowak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032741510\",\"display_name\":\"Lutz Jäncke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2110-9067\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898347799\",\"source_display_name\":\"EClinicalMedicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101809\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313530670" }, { "id": 4893, "title": "High dose of psilocybin effective for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "high dose of psilocybin effective for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Adults with treatment-resistant depression who received a single 25-mg dose of psilocybin saw significant improvement in depressive symptoms relative to a control dose at 3 weeks, a Phase 2b trial has found. A smaller 10-mg dose of psilocybin did not result in significant improvement over the control dose of 1 mg, and adverse events were common in both of the higher-dose groups. Study results were published in the Nov. 3, 2022 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2022-12-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1002/pu.30970", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30970", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Adverse effect, Medicine, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312206785\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312206785\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30970\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4312206785" }, { "id": 1528, "title": "Canalization and plasticity in psychopathology.", "normalized_title": "canalization and plasticity in psychopathology", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Chandaria S, Erritzoe DE, Gazzaley A, Girn M, Kettner H, Mediano PAM, Nutt DJ, Rosas FE, Roseman L, Timmermann C, Weiss B, Zeifman RJ, Friston KJ.", "abstract": "This theoretical article revives a classical bridging construct, canalization, to describe a new model of a general factor of psychopathology. To achieve this, we have distinguished between two types of plasticity, an early one that we call 'TEMP' for 'Temperature or Entropy Mediated Plasticity', and another, we call 'canalization', which is close to Hebbian plasticity. These two forms of plasticity can be most easily distinguished by their relationship to 'precision' or inverse variance; TEMP relates to increased model variance or decreased precision, whereas the opposite is true for canalization. TEMP also subsumes increased learning rate, (Ising) temperature and entropy. Dictionary definitions of 'plasticity' describe it as the property of being easily shaped or molded; TEMP is the better match for this. Importantly, we propose that 'pathological' phenotypes develop via mechanisms of canalization or increased model precision, as a defensive response to adversity and associated distress or dysphoria. Our model states that canalization entrenches in psychopathology, narrowing the phenotypic state-space as the agent develops expertise in their pathology. We suggest that TEMP - combined with gently guiding psychological support - can counter canalization. We address questions of whether and when canalization is adaptive versus maladaptive, furnish our model with references to basic and human neuroscience, and offer concrete experiments and measures to test its main hypotheses and implications. This article is part of the Special Issue on \"National Institutes of Health Psilocybin Research Speaker Series\".", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109398", "pubmed_id": "36584883", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109398", "keywords": "Humans, Learning, Phenotype, United States, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36584883\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4894, "title": "Depression Improves Following Single Dose of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "depression improves following single dose of psilocybin", "authors": "Nick Zagorski", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Clinical & ResearchFull AccessDepression Improves Following Single Dose of PsilocybinNick ZagorskiNick ZagorskiPublished Online:26 Dec 2022https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2023.01.1.50AbstractPatients with treatment-resistant depression who receive a single dose of psilocybin may experience a reduction in depression symptoms.iStock/Rich TownsendPatients with treatment-resistant depression who receive a single 25-mg dose of psilocybin coupled with psychological support may experience a reduction in depression symptoms for at least three weeks. Similar results were not seen in patients who received a single 10-mg dose of psilocybin. The findings were published in the New England Journal of Medicine.The trial-conducted at 22 sites in 10 countries-included 233 adults with treatment-resistant depression; 90% of the participants had no prior experience with psilocybin. The participants were randomized to receive one of three doses of psilocybin (1 mg, 10 mg, or 25 mg) followed by a six-to-eight-hour therapy session. The participants also received two shorter follow-up therapy sessions one day and one week after receiving psilocybin.After three weeks, the participants’ scores on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) dropped by 12.0 points in the 25-mg group, 7.9 points in the 10-mg group, and 5.4 in the 1-mg group; the difference between the 25-mg and 10-mg groups was statistically significant whereas the difference between the 10-mg and 1-mg groups was not. In addition, 37% of adults taking the 25-mg dose experienced a treatment response (at least 50% reduction in MADRS score), compared with 19% taking the 10-mg dose and 18% taking the 1-mg dose.From day 2 to week 3, severe adverse events were reported by 9% of the participants in the 25-mg group and 7% in the 10-mg group, compared with 1% of those in the 1-mg group, the researchers noted. The adverse events included a few instances of suicidal ideation or self-injury.“[S]uicidality demands clinical vigilance in future trials of psilocybin for depression,” they wrote. ■Goodwin GM, Aaronson ST, Alvarez O, et al. Single-Dose Psilocybin for a Treatment-Resistant Episode of Major Depression. N Engl J Med. 2022; 387(18): 1637-1648. ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2022-12-25", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2023.01.1.50", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2023.01.1.50", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Significant difference, Internal medicine, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:34:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312194249\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312194249\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090176075\",\"display_name\":\"Nick Zagorski\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2023.01.1.50\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4312194249" }, { "id": 1596, "title": "Probing the antidepressant potential of psilocybin: integrating insight from human research and animal models towards an understanding of neural circuit mechanisms.", "normalized_title": "probing the antidepressant potential of psilocybin integrating insight from human research and animal models towards an understanding of neural circuit mechanisms", "authors": "Meccia J, Lopez J, Bagot RC.", "abstract": "Interest in the therapeutic potential of serotonergic psychedelic compounds including psilocybin has surged in recent years. While human clinical research suggests psilocybin holds promise as a rapid and long-lasting antidepressant, little is known about how its acute mechanisms of action mediate enduring alterations in cognition and behavior. Human neuroimaging studies point to both acute and sustained modulation of functional connectivity in key cortically dependent brain networks. Emerging evidence in preclinical models highlights the importance of psilocybin-induced neuroplasticity and alterations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Overviewing research in both humans and preclinical models suggests avenues to increase crosstalk between fields. We review how acute modulation of PFC circuits may contribute to long-term structural and functional alterations to mediate antidepressant effects. We highlight the potential for preclinical circuit and behavioral neuroscience approaches to provide basic mechanistic insight into how psilocybin modulates cognitive and affective neural circuits to support further development of psilocybin as a promising new treatment for depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-23", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06297-0", "pubmed_id": "36564671", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06297-0", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Models, Animal, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36564671\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1620, "title": "“A sense of the bigger picture:” A qualitative analysis of follow-up interviews with people with bipolar disorder who self-reported psilocybin use", "normalized_title": "a sense of the bigger picture a qualitative analysis of follow up interviews with people with bipolar disorder who self reported psilocybin use", "authors": "Meghan DellaCrosse, Mollie Pleet, Emma Morton, Amir Ashtari, Kimberly Sakai, Josh Woolley, Erin E. Michalak", "abstract": "OBJECTIVES: People with bipolar disorder (BD) spend more time depressed than manic/hypomanic, and depression is associated with greater impairments in psychosocial functioning and quality of life than mania/hypomania. Emerging evidence suggests psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in \"magic mushrooms,\" is a promising treatment for unipolar depression. Clinical trials of psilocybin therapy have excluded people with BD as a precaution against possible adverse effects (e.g., mania). Our study centered the experiences of adults living with BD who consumed psilocybin-containing mushrooms, and aimed to (1) understand its subjective impacts on BD symptoms, (2) deepen understanding of Phase I survey results, and (3) elucidate specific contextual factors associated with adverse reactions in naturalistic settings. METHODS: Following an international survey (Phase I), follow-up interviews were conducted with 15 respondents (Phase II) to further understand psilocybin use among adults with BD. As part of a larger mixed-methods explanatory sequential design study, reflexive thematic analysis was used to elaborate findings. RESULTS: Three major themes containing sub-themes were developed. (1) Mental Health Improvements: (1.1) decreased impact and severity of depression, (1.2) increased emotion processing, (1.3) development of new perspectives, and (1.4) greater relaxation and sleep. (2) Undesired Mental Health Impacts: (2.1) changes in sleep, (2.2) increased mania severity, (2.3) hospitalization, and (2.4) distressing sensory experiences. (3) Salient Contextual Factors for psilocybin use included: (3.1) poly-substance use and psilocybin dose, (3.2) solo versus social experiences, and (3.3) pre-psilocybin sleep deprivation. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate both benefits and risks of psilocybin use in this population. Carefully designed clinical trials focused on safety and preliminary efficacy are warranted.", "journal": "PLoS ONE", "publication_date": "2022-12-13", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0279073", "pubmed_id": "36516137", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279073", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hypomania, Mania, Bipolar disorder, Psychology, Psychiatry, Thematic analysis, Clinical psychology, Mental health, Psychosocial, Mood, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Qualitative research, Social science, Sociology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Bipolar Disorder and Treatment, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311439362\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311439362\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":27,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W73530450\",\"https://openalex.org/W413956720\",\"https://openalex.org/W561751346\",\"https://openalex.org/W1525233425\",\"https://openalex.org/W1893938325\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979290264\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981803616\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984344128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012360636\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014682444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015662968\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022579575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027476620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033002423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033466502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039347664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044115095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059519261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063579163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081185462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081397150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086244710\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102059582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108489849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114807890\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116581684\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124308499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126093392\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133589148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137460360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142490107\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150291951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152723462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162401463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163145097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166423384\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168391307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2290849147\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410199304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473889906\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726744335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2742814779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795698014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802164302\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802275412\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895700889\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900619723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901636802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950504429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953946378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2960566636\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971831602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999443158\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007070994\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3041342449\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048560297\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092548915\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093223973\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107150606\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120652491\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3140493070\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166459008\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201512146\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211069648\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214570845\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232977219\",\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"https://openalex.org/W4364348136\",\"https://openalex.org/W6767707637\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063981201\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan DellaCrosse\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5554-277X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038432008\",\"display_name\":\"Mollie Pleet\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-4147\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048752706\",\"display_name\":\"Emma Morton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-1983\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006067386\",\"display_name\":\"Amir Ashtari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088265750\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Sakai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052144380\",\"display_name\":\"Josh Woolley\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006308151\",\"display_name\":\"Erin E. Michalak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0812-6527\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S202381698\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS ONE\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279073\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4311439362" }, { "id": 1597, "title": "Risks and benefits of psilocybin use in people with bipolar disorder: An international web-based survey on experiences of ‘magic mushroom’ consumption", "normalized_title": "risks and benefits of psilocybin use in people with bipolar disorder an international web based survey on experiences of magic mushroom consumption", "authors": "Emma Morton, Kimberly Sakai, Amir Ashtari, Mollie Pleet, Erin E. Michalak, Josh Woolley", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin, the primary psychoactive component of psychedelic ‘magic mushrooms’, may have potential for treating depressive symptoms, and consequent applications for bipolar disorder (BD). Knowledge of the risks and benefits of psilocybin in BD is limited to case studies. Aim: To support the design of clinical trials, we surveyed experiences of psilocybin use in people with BD. Methods: An international web-based survey was used to explore experiences of psilocybin use in people with a self-reported diagnosis of BD. Quantitative findings were summarised using descriptive statistics. Qualitative content analysis was used to investigate free-text responses, with a focus on positive experiences of psilocybin use. Results: A total of 541 people completed the survey (46.4% female, mean 34.1 years old). One-third (32.2%; n = 174) of respondents described new/increasing symptoms after psilocybin trips, prominently manic symptoms, difficulties sleeping and anxiety. No differences in rates of adverse events overall were observed between individuals with BD I compared to BD II. Use of emergency medical services was rare ( n = 18; 3.3%), and respondents (even those who experienced adverse effects) indicated that psilocybin use was more helpful than harmful. Quantitative findings elaborated on perceived benefits, as well as the potential for psilocybin trips to contain both positively and negatively received elements. Conclusions: The subjective benefits of psilocybin use for mental health symptoms reported by survey participants encourage further investigation of psilocybin-based treatments for BD. Clinical trials should incorporate careful monitoring of symptoms, as data suggest that BD symptoms may emerge or intensify following psilocybin use.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-12-13", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221131997", "pubmed_id": "36515370", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221131997", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mushroom, Mushroom poisoning, Bipolar disorder, Psychiatry, Web survey, MAGIC (telescope), Psychology, Consumption (sociology), Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Business, Art, Biology, Cognition, Marketing, Food science, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Aesthetics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311477082\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":72,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1531015715\",\"https://openalex.org/W1936382619\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967910109\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979687576\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982621879\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984344128\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984708171\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005405662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008814488\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014682444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032307757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046060667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048082839\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049172770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059116130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070200064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070454612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081401977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091677454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099945881\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110159781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114940817\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120917538\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128309600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142225512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150495094\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155204043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156579583\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161282771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167930802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168058604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168391307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186514509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2275915163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490303275\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2587579530\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2755651923\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769860872\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789412903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791560250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896063467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899316941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911902447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2936730103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965468106\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006460836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033157912\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043935161\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049156731\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118498264\",\"https://openalex.org/W3123670341\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201512146\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201992062\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048752706\",\"display_name\":\"Emma Morton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-1983\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088265750\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberly Sakai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006067386\",\"display_name\":\"Amir Ashtari\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038432008\",\"display_name\":\"Mollie Pleet\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-4147\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006308151\",\"display_name\":\"Erin E. Michalak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0812-6527\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052144380\",\"display_name\":\"Josh Woolley\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221131997\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4311477082" }, { "id": 1517, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy and Psychedelic Science: A Review and Perspective on Opportunities in Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy and psychedelic science a review and perspective on opportunities in neurosurgery and neuro oncology", "authors": "Kelly DF, Kelly DF, Heinzerling K, Sharma A, Gowrinathan S, Sergi K, Mallari RJ.", "abstract": "After a decades-long pause, psychedelics are again being intensely investigated for treating a wide range of neuropsychiatric ailments including depression, anxiety, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, anorexia, and chronic pain syndromes. The classic serotonergic psychedelics psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide and nonclassic psychedelics 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and ketamine are increasingly appreciated as neuroplastogens given their potential to fundamentally alter mood and behavior well beyond the time window of measurable exposure. Imaging studies with psychedelics are also helping advance our understanding of neural networks and connectomics. This resurgence in psychedelic science and psychedelic-assisted therapy has potential significance for the fields of neurosurgery and neuro-oncology and their diverse and challenging patients, many of whom continue to have mental health issues and poor quality of life despite receiving state-of-the-art care. In this study, we review recent and ongoing clinical trials, the set and setting model of psychedelic-assisted therapy, potential risks and adverse events, proposed mechanisms of action, and provide a perspective on how the safe and evidence-based use of psychedelics could potentially benefit many patients, including those with brain tumors, pain syndromes, ruminative disorders, stroke, SAH, TBI, and movement disorders. By leveraging psychedelics' neuroplastic potential to rehabilitate the mind and brain, novel treatments may be possible for many of these patient populations, in some instances working synergistically with current treatments and in some using subpsychedelic doses that do not require mind-altering effects for efficacy. This review aims to encourage broader multidisciplinary collaboration across the neurosciences to explore and help realize the transdiagnostic healing potential of psychedelics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-12-07", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1227/neu.0000000000002275", "pubmed_id": "36512813", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000002275", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Neurosurgery, Quality of Life, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36512813\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1570, "title": "Subacute effects of a single dose of psilocybin on biomarkers of inflammation in healthy humans: An open-label preliminary investigation", "normalized_title": "subacute effects of a single dose of psilocybin on biomarkers of inflammation in healthy humans an open label preliminary investigation", "authors": "Daniel Burmester, M. Madsen, Attila Szabó, Sanjay S. Aripaka, Dea Siggaard Stenbæk, Vibe G. Frøkjær, Betina Elfving, Jens D. Mikkelsen, Gitte M. Knudsen, Patrick M. Fisher", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic that has gained prominent attention recently as a potential therapeutic for neuropsychiatric disorders including Major Depressive Disorder. Pre-clinical and initial studies in humans suggest that serotonin 2A receptor agonists, including serotonergic psychedelics, have anti-inflammatory effects. This may contribute to its therapeutic effects as previous studies indicate a link between neuropsychiatric disorders and inflammatory processes. However, the effect of psilocybin on biomarkers of inflammation has not been evaluated in humans. Investigate the effect of a single dose of psilocybin on peripheral biomarkers of inflammation in healthy humans. Blood samples were collected from 16 healthy participants before and one day after the administration of a single oral dose of psilocybin (mean dose: 0.22 mg/kg) and subsequently analyzed for concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor-necrosis-factor (TNF) and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR). Change in inflammatory markers was evaluated using a paired t-test where p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We did not observe statistically significant changes in any of the above biomarkers of inflammation (all Cohen's d ≤ 0.31; all p ≥ 0.23). Our data do not support that a single dose of psilocybin reduces biomarkers of inflammation in healthy individuals one day after administration. Nevertheless, we suggest that future studies consider additional markers of inflammation, including markers of neuroinflammation, and evaluate potential anti-inflammatory effects of psilocybin therapy in clinical cohorts where more prominent effects may be observable.", "journal": "Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology", "publication_date": "2022-12-05", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.cpnec.2022.100163", "pubmed_id": "36545240", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2022.100163", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Serotonergic, SuPAR, Inflammation, Medicine, Anhedonia, Pharmacology, Serotonin, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Receptor, Urokinase receptor, Dopamine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Tryptophan and brain disorders, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312056223\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312056223\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":23,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1996267694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004880314\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028503965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041184642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043754323\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044280032\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045076787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085670677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091259554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112006696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114047027\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114587449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124107576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2369174845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398117252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2580771571\",\"https://openalex.org/W2586816621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2738971267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808599394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810374266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2930961107\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946506312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996702784\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010491167\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010535096\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023636576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043607727\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049065734\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087386396\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091936754\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094213593\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112525124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3175441262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191504399\",\"https://openalex.org/W3191550608\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213186691\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236511195\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280648670\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302007737\",\"https://openalex.org/W6758932831\",\"https://openalex.org/W6782036379\",\"https://openalex.org/W6790588247\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038013112\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Burmester\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7215-4269\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000203733\",\"display_name\":\"M. Madsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8836-1844\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061229287\",\"display_name\":\"Attila Szabó\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7833-8894\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023817079\",\"display_name\":\"Sanjay S. Aripaka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3499-5547\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004791170\",\"display_name\":\"Dea Siggaard Stenbæk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-4637\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029788021\",\"display_name\":\"Vibe G. Frøkjær\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-2365\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062999838\",\"display_name\":\"Betina Elfving\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6939-5088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085819553\",\"display_name\":\"Jens D. Mikkelsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9824-7359\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015895924\",\"display_name\":\"Gitte M. Knudsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-6866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021085020\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick M. Fisher\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8115-0611\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210212588\",\"source_display_name\":\"Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2022.100163\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Observational Study,Healthy Volunteers,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4312056223" }, { "id": 2015, "title": "Direct Quantitation of Psilocybin and Psilocin by One-Dimensional 1H and 31P qNMR in a revived Greek specimen of Psilocybe cyanescens", "normalized_title": "direct quantitation of psilocybin and psilocin by one dimensional 1h and 31p qnmr in a revived greek specimen of psilocybe cyanescens", "authors": "Prokopios Magiatis, Evangelos Dadiotis, Romanos Konstantinos Antonopoulos, K Ioannidis, V Mitsis, E Melliou, Zacharoula Gonou-Zagou", "abstract": "The genus Psilocybe of Basidiomycota includes more than two hundred species of mushroom-forming fungi, which are widely known for the production of the secondary metabolite psilocybin, a prodrug of its in vivo dephosphorylated active metabolite psilocin [1]. Psilocybin is being currently used in numerous clinical trials including the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) [2], existential distress of terminally ill patients [3] and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) [4], creating the need of investigating and quantitating these substances.", "journal": "Planta Medica", "publication_date": "2022-11-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1055/s-0042-1759062", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759062", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Metabolite, Prodrug, Secondary metabolite, Biology, Stereochemistry, Chemistry, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Hallucinogen, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4317241495\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4317241495\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":18,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059685093\",\"display_name\":\"Prokopios Magiatis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5344\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013854729\",\"display_name\":\"Evangelos Dadiotis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2773-1597\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072511772\",\"display_name\":\"Romanos Konstantinos Antonopoulos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078500236\",\"display_name\":\"K Ioannidis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041338668\",\"display_name\":\"V Mitsis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020952764\",\"display_name\":\"E Melliou\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043944149\",\"display_name\":\"Zacharoula Gonou-Zagou\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-3821\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S39653451\",\"source_display_name\":\"Planta Medica\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759062\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4317241495" }, { "id": 1626, "title": "A Case of Prolonged Mania, Psychosis, and Severe Depression After Psilocybin Use: Implications of Increased Psychedelic Drug Availability", "normalized_title": "a case of prolonged mania psychosis and severe depression after psilocybin use implications of increased psychedelic drug availability", "authors": "Gregory Barber, Charles B. Nemeroff, Steven Siegel", "abstract": "", "journal": "American Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2022-11-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.22010073", "pubmed_id": "36453037", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.22010073", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Login, Mania, Psychiatry, Service (business), Psychology, Bipolar disorder, Mood, Medicine, Library science, Internet privacy, Computer science, Hallucinogen, Business, Computer security, Marketing, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4310598708\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4310598708\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":61,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2108914738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2289004134\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589381868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2998403265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3024299552\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080954899\",\"display_name\":\"Gregory Barber\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6261-8098\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050356892\",\"display_name\":\"Charles B. Nemeroff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-1160\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033495643\",\"display_name\":\"Steven Siegel\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S116025658\",\"source_display_name\":\"American Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.22010073\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4310598708" }, { "id": 1617, "title": "DNA Authentication and Chemical Analysis of Psilocybe Mushrooms Reveal Widespread Misdeterminations in Fungaria and Inconsistencies in Metabolites", "normalized_title": "dna authentication and chemical analysis of psilocybe mushrooms reveal widespread misdeterminations in fungaria and inconsistencies in metabolites", "authors": "Alexander J. Bradshaw, Talia Backman, Virginia Ramírez-Cruz, Dale L. Forrister, Jaclyn M. Winter, Laura Guzmán-Dávalos, Giuliana Furci, Paul Stamets, Bryn T. M. Dentinger", "abstract": "The therapeutic use of psilocybin, the active ingredient in “magic mushrooms,” is revolutionizing mental health care for a number of conditions, including depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and end-of-life care. This has spotlighted the current state of knowledge of psilocybin, including the organisms that endogenously produce it.", "journal": "Applied and Environmental Microbiology", "publication_date": "2022-11-28", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1128/aem.01498-22", "pubmed_id": "36445079", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01498-22", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Biology, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Phytochemistry and Bioactivity Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4310466310\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4310466310\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":27,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W143096088\",\"https://openalex.org/W289976606\",\"https://openalex.org/W359263171\",\"https://openalex.org/W1678746504\",\"https://openalex.org/W1897916411\",\"https://openalex.org/W1901326980\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964010911\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970807094\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971564218\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974148527\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974820251\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983102293\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987916789\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005839829\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015086459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029417262\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048765492\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050461051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057894705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066127005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069122038\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074146187\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080507858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099103834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111647009\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119899443\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122184569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125553099\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127774996\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130590956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135190897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147686129\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149031002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160947363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163250554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163371476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164981793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165984877\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170820922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2230844761\",\"https://openalex.org/W2237198002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2308305288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2317175186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2367699339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397208947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2504691963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519072018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2614081736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753941774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884472593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900030356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901664628\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921108547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945130630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945868759\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947478023\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950985821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983552824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988070888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990643258\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015454819\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025883815\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027599498\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094690508\",\"https://openalex.org/W3102613765\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107815298\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108632668\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109060025\",\"https://openalex.org/W3140184886\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161556967\",\"https://openalex.org/W3169261903\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199318186\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213562265\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210545259\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211114943\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252339940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4256228556\",\"https://openalex.org/W4280616839\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070810971\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander J. Bradshaw\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6261-621X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025801306\",\"display_name\":\"Talia Backman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-270X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032764691\",\"display_name\":\"Virginia Ramírez-Cruz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5197-1304\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073247421\",\"display_name\":\"Dale L. Forrister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8170-7187\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050978353\",\"display_name\":\"Jaclyn M. Winter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-5377\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015703231\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Guzmán-Dávalos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-3678\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029534432\",\"display_name\":\"Giuliana Furci\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7937-650X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061363389\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Stamets\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1319-6914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062156514\",\"display_name\":\"Bryn T. M. Dentinger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7965-4389\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S158228368\",\"source_display_name\":\"Applied and Environmental Microbiology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01498-22\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4310466310" }, { "id": 4901, "title": "Fast and sustained effect of 2 administrations of psilocybin on depression", "normalized_title": "fast and sustained effect of 2 administrations of psilocybin on depression", "authors": "Marten Dooper", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-11-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.55788/0629715f", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.55788/0629715f", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Computer science, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Economics, Keynesian economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:56", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4310033391\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4310033391\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001697813\",\"display_name\":\"Marten Dooper\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.55788/0629715f\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4310033391" }, { "id": 1600, "title": "Changes in music-evoked emotion and ventral striatal functional connectivity after psilocybin therapy for depression.", "normalized_title": "changes in music evoked emotion and ventral striatal functional connectivity after psilocybin therapy for depression", "authors": "Shukuroglou M, Roseman L, Wall M, Nutt D, Kaelen M, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "BackgroundMusic listening is a staple and valued component of psychedelic therapy, and previous work has shown that psychedelics can acutely enhance music-evoked emotion.AimsThe present study sought to examine subjective responses to music before and after psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression, while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data was acquired.MethodsNineteen patients with treatment-resistant depression received a low oral dose (10 mg) of psilocybin, and a high dose (25 mg) 1 week later. fMRI was performed 1 week prior to the first dosing session and 1 day after the second. Two scans were conducted on each day: one with music and one without. Visual analogue scale ratings of music-evoked 'pleasure' plus ratings of other evoked emotions (21-item Geneva Emotional Music Scale) were completed after each scan. Given its role in musical reward, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) was chosen as region of interest for functional connectivity (FC) analyses. Effects of drug (vs placebo) and music (vs no music) on subjective and FC outcomes were assessed. Anhedonia symptoms were assessed pre- and post-treatment (Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale).ResultsResults revealed a significant increase in music-evoked emotion following treatment with psilocybin that correlated with post-treatment reductions in anhedonia. A post-treatment reduction in NAc FC with areas resembling the default mode network was observed during music listening (vs no music).ConclusionThese results are consistent with current thinking on the role of psychedelics in enhancing music-evoked pleasure and provide some new insight into correlative brain mechanisms.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-11-25", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221125354", "pubmed_id": "36433778", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221125354", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Depression, Emotions, Music, Anhedonia, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36433778\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4310295919\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4310295919\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":38,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W183123008\",\"https://openalex.org/W225944826\",\"https://openalex.org/W1144621943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1812780868\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970629232\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973576997\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973776237\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982230178\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982325587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983627329\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990134753\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999919402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004874491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005276770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006096283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038509004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044423747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057572880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085281696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095438393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110065044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116692278\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125068060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129736850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130668599\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133852590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141927127\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146747402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151422895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151721316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153777989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158327608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162010696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164480306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2254185066\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312379049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325964754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330686105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2403484840\",\"https://openalex.org/W2510443052\",\"https://openalex.org/W2546678366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582692487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605126420\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791796165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3192093002\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088290575\",\"display_name\":\"Melissa Shukuroglou\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0327-351X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069665617\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Wall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-6274\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221125354\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Emotional Processing,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4310295919" }, { "id": 1635, "title": "Psilocybin as a Treatment for Psychiatric Illness: A Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a treatment for psychiatric illness a meta analysis", "authors": "Irizarry R, Winczura A, Dimassi O, Dhillon N, Minhas A, Larice J.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is an emerging potential therapy for the treatment of psychiatric illnesses. Microdosing has been shown to result in an overall improvement in patients with anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance abuse. This meta-analysis explores and compiles prior research to make further inferences regarding psilocybin and its use for the treatment of psychiatric illness along with its safety and efficacy. Database searches were conducted to identify peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials and clinical trials mentioning psilocybin use and psychiatric illness. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram was created and analysis was run on the nine articles that met all established inclusion criteria. An event is defined as a participant who showed improvement, in a quantitative method, from baseline after the use of psilocybin. Another analysis was done using depression severity (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology 16-Item Self Report, QIDS-SR16) at baseline and after the use of psilocybin. Analyses of the original data and the nine articles showed a great deal of heterogeneity with an I2 value of 73.68%, suggesting that the studies in this meta-analysis cannot be considered to be studies of the same population. The Q value of 30.4 was higher than 15.507, which is the critical value for eight degrees of freedom found in a chi-square distribution. This Q value showed a high degree of variation and lacked significance. The second meta-run on QIDS-SR16 scores from three studies showed a Q value of 1.16 which was lower than 5.991, the critical value for two degrees of freedom found in a chi-square distribution. The I2 statistic for this second meta-analysis was -73% which can be equated to zero. This indicated that the data were homogeneous or that there was no observed heterogeneity. Due to low heterogeneity, the fixed-effects model was used. Based on this meta-analysis, psilocybin seems to show symptom improvement in some psychiatric illnesses. The effectiveness of psilocybin microdosing and the use of psilocybin, in general, need to be studied further to determine the efficacy and safety of potential applications in psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-11-21", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.31796", "pubmed_id": "36569662", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.31796", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36569662\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,OCD,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1619, "title": "Characterization of the Gateway Decarboxylase for Psilocybin Biosynthesis.", "normalized_title": "characterization of the gateway decarboxylase for psilocybin biosynthesis", "authors": "Schäfer T, Kramer K, Werten S, Rupp B, Hoffmeister D.", "abstract": "The l-tryptophan decarboxylase PsiD catalyzes the initial step of the metabolic cascade to psilocybin, the major indoleethylamine natural product of the \"magic\" mushrooms and a candidate drug against major depressive disorder. Unlike numerous pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent decarboxylases for natural product biosyntheses, PsiD is PLP-independent and resembles type II phosphatidylserine decarboxylases. Here, we report on the in vitro biochemical characterization of Psilocybe cubensis PsiD along with in silico modeling of the PsiD structure. A non-canonical serine protease triad for autocatalytic cleavage of the pro-protein was predicted and experimentally verified by site-directed mutagenesis.", "journal": "ChemBioChem", "publication_date": "2022-11-21", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1002/cbic.202200551", "pubmed_id": "36327140", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202200551", "keywords": "Humans, Pyridoxal Phosphate, Carboxy-Lyases, Biological Products, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36327140\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4308053113\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4308053113\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":20,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1965476257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028978429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035503835\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070598555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090950522\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094013612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101973479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118233996\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140673705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144081223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144998676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164820866\",\"https://openalex.org/W2185845448\",\"https://openalex.org/W2418815503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2510883190\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883093401\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903438963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921228272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993991001\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090675239\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133617718\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134892199\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177828909\",\"https://openalex.org/W6634815752\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103994261\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Schäfer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109590800\",\"display_name\":\"Kristina Kramer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006133654\",\"display_name\":\"Sebastiaan Werten\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-9688\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068638612\",\"display_name\":\"Bernhard Rupp\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-6965\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S154285657\",\"source_display_name\":\"ChemBioChem\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202200551\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "In Vitro Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4308053113" }, { "id": 3639, "title": "NW Trauma Therapies, Chronic Illness of Chronic Depression, PTSD, MS, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2, Long Haulers Syndrome. Treatment of Unregulaaible Trauma by the Treatment of Enhanced Micro Dosing the Levels of 0.15, Thru 0.33, With a Maintenance Dose of 1 Gram Per Month for Neural Pathway Increase of Non Synthesized Psilocybin, Using the Actual Plant to Regulate the Highjacked Nervous System.", "normalized_title": "nw trauma therapies chronic illness of chronic depression ptsd ms hiv and sars cov 2 long haulers syndrome treatment of unregulaaible trauma by the treatment of enhanced micro dosing the levels of 0 15 thru 0 33 with a maintenance dose of 1 gram per month for neural pathway increase of non synthesized psilocybin using the actual plant to regulate the highjacked nervous system", "authors": "NWTraumatherapies", "abstract": "The on-boarding of unregulatable trauma in the United States has reached 20%, which is 1/5 of the population. A population of this magnitude, by definition has now reached an epidemic classification. The population with chronic illness as stated: PTSD, Chronic Depression, MS, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2- Long Haulers Syndrome. These chronic conditions/illnesses many lead to death and are often the cause or perpetuate unregulated trauma and create an unstable population. Psychiatrists have testified before congress that the SSSRI medications are not fully functional cures and are not working for patients. Enchanced Psilocybin micro-dosing at the levels of 0.15g. ranging to 0.33g. every other day an 0.50g. for monthly maintenance of neural pathway production is proving to shave back the highjacked nervous system, thus stopping or rerouting the ruminating neurotransmitters, by rerouting thru new neural pathways. The body has a additional natural pathway in place then to decrease/stop these thoughts by have open pathways to process the thought differently. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter and which is the most famous of all the neurotransmitters. Serotonin is very similar in its compound structure to the plant medicine family of psilocybin, serotonin and psilocybin work very similarly with the 5h2A receptor in the human cortex ( the outer cortex of the brain ). Enhanced Microdosing of psilocybin at the levels of 0.15 to 0.33 and of 1 gram to 1.5 grams monthly for maintenance of the newly opened neural pathways is postulated to be a mental health game changer. Psilocybin helps shave back the highjacked nervous system which is a condition known as the diagnosis (SSD) Somatic Symptom Disorder. This research is believed accurate by proof on previous studies to process the subconscious held in the subconscious and shave back the somatic feelings resulting from the trauma of the individuals who have on-boarded chronic disease(s) of Trauma,PTSD, Unregulated Chronic Depression, MS, Cancer, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2- Long Haulers Syndrome. Patients will work with a team: The Administrator Of Study, participants will be onboarded into the study by a Psychiatrist, Therapist LCPC, Micro Dosing Advisor/On-Boarding Provider, going forward referred to as a PMOP ( PLANT MEDICINE ON-BOARDING PROVIDER. The PMOP will administrate, chart dosing and file reports with the Psychiatrist, General Provider, Psychologist, or the LCPC Therapist. Adding a PMOP to Western Medicine could be the key to making treatment available at a functional cost. The dosage will be ( enhanced micro-dosing which is 1 gram to 1.5 grams of psilocybin every other day for 5 days then moving into a M/W/F dose ranging in the enhanced micro-dose levels of 0.15G. thru 0..33 for 8 weeks. Patients will be accepted in the study they must present with one of the following diagnosed conditions, chronic illness' of Trauma, PTSD, Unregulated Chronic Depression, MS, HIV, Cancer, or SARS-CoV-2- Long Haulers Syndrome. As participants with unregulated trauma can tend to have a severely compromised un-functional compromised immune system. This compromised low functioning compromised immune system creates additional health crisis and can cost a great deal of money for the patients and the healthcare system. As testified to congress, the SSRI's are not fully able to manage the on boarding of severe trauma resulting often in PTST/Trauma, these pharmaceuticals tend to become in effective for treatment within 6 months to a year. The SSRI's and pharmaceuticals available for treatment currently have a success rate of 35 %. These diagnosis' of mental compromise are currently being managed at great human cost and financial cost for a decade or more for many patients. Working in conjunction with the General Provider, Psychiatrist, Psychologist, and LCPC Therapist, with a PMOP ( Enhanced Micro Dosing Provider),The PMOP On-Boarding Provider will tailor the dose of plant medicine which this study postulates will result in a positive treatment and will result in improved (Quality of Life) and in the cases of terminal illness, result in (Dying Well)\" A mind without rumination. As Stated, this study is looking for evidence this Plant Medicine Psilocybin would become a path to shave back the SSRI's and treat with dosing of of M/W/F of enhance Microdosing at the levels of 0.15g. thru 0.33G. The Monthly dose of 1 to 1.5 grams of Plant Medicine for maintenance of the increase in newly opened neural pathways. This Study will introduce Non Synthetic Psilocybin every other day for 8 weeks, and the 1G to 1.1.5 G once time per month. The on-boarding of unregulatable trauma in the United States has reached 20%, which is 1/5 of the population. A population of this magnitude, by definition has reached an epidemic classification. The population with chronic illness as stated: Trauma, PTSD, Chronic Depression, MS, Caner, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2- Long Haulers Syndrome, these conditions are severe and the treatments are often not effective. These chronic illnesses which can result in unregulated trauma and create an unstable portion of the population. Psychiatrists have testified before congress that the SSRI's medications are not functional cures and are often not working for patients. Psilocybin micro-dosing by many studies is proving to shave back the highjacked nervous system, stopping or rerouting the neural pathways lessening or stopping the ruminating neurotransmitters. This is the 1st study to support the treatment in the Enhanced Microdosing levels in the range of 0.15g. to 0.33g, and adding a dose of 1g. to 1.5 g. monthly for maintence. The body has a natural path to stop these thoughts by a neurotransmitter called serotonin This famous neurotransmitter Serotonin, is very similar to the plant medicine family of psilocybin, Serotonin and Psilocybin work very similarly with the 5h2A receptor in the human cortex ( the outer cortex of the brain ). Enhanced Microdosing of 0.15 to 0.33 with month dose of 1 gram to 1.5 grams of psilocybin is postulated to shave back and reroute the highjacked nervous system known as the diagnosis (SSD) Somatic Symptom Disorder. This research is believed accurate by proof on previous studies to reverse back the somatic feelings resulting from the trauma of the individuals who are on boarding chronic diseases of PTSD, Chronic Depression, MS, HIV, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2- Long Haulers Syndrome. Ross Allison Administrator NPI#1437519899", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-11-15", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05042466", "keywords": "Trauma, Nervous System, Trauma, psilocybin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05042466\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Microdosing,Immune Function", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3794, "title": "Manuel de Yale pour la Thérapie de la Dépression Assistée par la Psilocybine", "normalized_title": "manuel de yale pour la thérapie de la dépression assistée par la psilocybine", "authors": "Guss J, Krause R, Sloshower J.", "abstract": "This is the French translation of the Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression. Le Manuel de Yale pour le traitement thérapeutique de la dépression assisté par la psilocybine fournit aux chercheurs et aux thérapeutes des méthodes, une structure et des domaines à prendre en compte concernant l'utilisation de la thérapie assistée par les psychédéliques dans le traitement du Trouble dépressif majeur (TDM). En particulier, ce manuel illustre un mode d'utilisation de la Thérapie d'acceptation et d'engagement (ACT) en tant que cadre thérapeutique pour le traitement de la dépression assisté par la psilocybine.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-11-14", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/r96tc", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/r96tc", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:22", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR572342\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3360, "title": "Manuel de Yale pour la Thérapie de la Dépression Assistée par la Psilocybine", "normalized_title": "manuel de yale pour la thérapie de la dépression assistée par la psilocybine", "authors": "", "abstract": "This is the French translation of the Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression. Le Manuel de Yale pour le traitement thérapeutique de la dépression assisté par la psilocybine fournit aux chercheurs et aux thérapeutes des méthodes, une structure et des domaines à prendre en compte concernant l'utilisation de la thérapie assistée par les psychédéliques dans le traitement du Trouble dépressif majeur (TDM). En particulier, ce manuel illustre un mode d'utilisation de la Thérapie d'acceptation et d'engagement (ACT) en tant que cadre thérapeutique pour le traitement de la dépression assisté par la psilocybine.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-11-14", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/r96tc_v1", "keywords": "acceptance and commitment therapy, depression, major depression, major depressive disorder, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychotherapy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Depressive Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"r96tc_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3442, "title": "A Double-Blind Trial of Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment of Alcohol Dependence", "normalized_title": "a double blind trial of psilocybin assisted treatment of alcohol dependence", "authors": "NYU Langone Health", "abstract": "Several lines of evidence suggest that classic hallucinogens such as psilocybin can facilitate behavior change in addictions such as alcohol dependence. The proposed investigation is a multi-site, double-blind active-controlled trial (n = 180, 90 per group) contrasting the acute and persisting effects of psilocybin to those of diphenhydramine in the context of outpatient alcoholism treatment. Two to four sites will participate in this study. Aims of the study are 1) to characterize the acute effects of PO psilocybin 25 mg/70 kg, 30 mg/70 kg, and 40 mg/70 kg in alcohol dependent patients; 2) to evaluate the effect of psilocybin treatment on drinking outcomes for 32 weeks after the first administration, relative to diphenhydramine control; 3) to test whether or not characteristics of the drug administration session experiences mediate effects of psilocybin on short-term (1 week) persisting effects and post-session drinking behavior, 4) to evaluate the explanatory value of changes in alcohol craving, self-efficacy, motivation, and other psychological domains in accounting for the observed experimental effect of psilocybin relative to diphenhydramine control, and 5) to evaluate pre-post changes in drinking in participants after they receive psilocybin in the third session. The total duration of psychosocial treatment in the double-blind period will be 12 weeks, and double-blind drug administration sessions will occur after 4 and 8 weeks. In the first psilocybin session, a dose of 25 mg/70 kg will be administered. Depending on the response in the first session, the dose for the second session may be increased to 30 mg/70 kg or 40 mg/70 kg, or held at 25mg/70kg. The dose of diphenhydramine will start at 50 mg, and may be increased to 100 mg or held at 50 mg in the second session, depending on response in the first session. Following completion of the double-blind period (34 weeks after randomization) all participants who meet interim safety criteria will be offered an additional session in which psilocybin will be administered. The drug will be administered during 8-hour sessions in an outpatient setting under close medical and psychiatric monitoring. The drug administration sessions will occur in the context of an extended version of Motivational Enhancement Therapy (Motivational Enhancement and Taking Action, META) with the addition of standardized preparation before and debriefing and follow-up after the psilocybin administration sessions. Extensive screening and baseline assessment will be completed, including thorough safety screening and assessment of participant characteristics that could potentially moderate treatment response. Within-session and short-term persisting effects will be assessed. Drinking outcomes and changes in several potential mediators of treatment effect, including motivation, self-efficacy, craving, depression, anxiety, and spiritual dimensions of the experience, will be measured until 50 weeks after the first drug administration session, for a total of 54 weeks from the initiation of treatment.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-11-07", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02061293", "keywords": "Alcohol Dependence, Psilocybin, Diphenhydramine, Motivational Enhancement and Taking Action (META), COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT02061293\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Spirituality,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3314, "title": "5-MeO-DMT modifies innate behaviors and promotes structural neural plasticity in mice", "normalized_title": "5 meo dmt modifies innate behaviors and promotes structural neural plasticity in mice", "authors": "Jefferson SJ, Gregg I, Dibbs M, Liao C, Wu H, Davoudian PA, Sprouse JS, Sherwood AM, Kaye AP, Pittenger C, Kwan AC.", "abstract": "ABSTRACT Serotonergic psychedelics are gaining increasing interest as potential therapeutics for a range of mental illnesses. Compounds with short-lived subjective effects may be clinically useful because dosing time would be reduced, which may improve patient access. One short-acting psychedelic is 5-MeO-DMT, which has been associated with improvement in depression and anxiety symptoms in early clinical studies. However relatively little is known about the behavioral effects and neural mechanisms of 5-MeO-DMT in animal models. Here we characterized the effects of 5-MeO-DMT on innate behaviors and dendritic architecture in mice. We showed that 5-MeO-DMT induces a dose-dependent increase in head-twitch response that is shorter in duration than that induced by psilocybin at all doses tested. 5-MeO-DMT also substantially suppresses social ultrasonic vocalizations produced during mating behavior. 5-MeO-DMT produces long-lasting increases in dendritic spine density in the mouse medial frontal cortex that are driven by an elevated rate of spine formation. However, unlike psilocybin, 5-MeO-DMT did not affect the size of dendritic spines. These data provide insights into the behavioral and neural consequences underlying the action of 5-MeO-DMT and highlight similarities and differences with those of psilocybin.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2022-11-02", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1101/2022.11.03.515044", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.03.515044", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR566748\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1643, "title": "Psilocybin reduces symptoms in treatment resistant depression, trial results show.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin reduces symptoms in treatment resistant depression trial results show", "authors": "Iacobucci G.", "abstract": "", "journal": "BMJ", "publication_date": "2022-11-01", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1136/bmj.o2623", "pubmed_id": "36411539", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o2623", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36411539\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4308444860\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4308444860\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088386026\",\"display_name\":\"Gareth Iacobucci\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393917726\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o2623\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4308444860" }, { "id": 4910, "title": "The psychedelic renaissance: can psilocybin possibly combat depression?", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic renaissance can psilocybin possibly combat depression", "authors": "Hamna Raheel, Unaiza Naeem, Asim Shaikh, Omer Ahmed Shaikh", "abstract": "Mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety are major contributors to the overall global health burden. COVID-19 has further aggravated mental health disorders and also increased substance abuse due to lockdowns1. The Global Burden of Disease reported that the pandemic has led to a 27.6% increase in cases of major depressive disorder (MDD) and a 25.6% increase in cases of anxiety disorders2. An estimated 137.1 (95% UI: 92.5-190.6) additional disability-adjusted life years per 100 000 population for MDD and 116.1 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 79.3-163.80) for anxiety disorders have been incurred, as well, during this period3. Nearly 10%-30% of individuals with MDD have treatment-resistant depression, which has an inadequate response to at least 2 trials of antidepressants. These patients often have adverse behavioral outcomes such as suicide and self-injurious behavior4. With the dynamic nature of SARS-COV-2 that requires measures such as social distancing measures and lockdowns to be placed unexpectedly at different times of the year, interventions that are easily obtainable and can be applied independently by individuals can be immensely useful. Psilocybin, in recent studies, has shown promising results in the remission of depression and if its effectiveness is accurately gauged, could prove to be one such option, giving patients with mental health issues the ability for self-reliant care. Psilocybin, informally known as the magic mushroom, has been employed in a variety of religious rites throughout history and is believed to possess therapeutic properties5. It is a serotonergic hallucinogen with promising benefits in the treatment of mental illness. It has been proven to decrease substance abuse such as smoking and drinking and reduce depression and anxiety in cancer patients while also improving their emotional well-being6-8. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy has proven to be more effective than psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy alone. Previous pharmacotherapies, such as ketamine, have demonstrated negative side effects and have low rates of depression remission9. A systematic review of 60 studies on the side effects of ketamine identified psychiatric, psychotomimetic, cardiovascular, and neurological side effects that were most frequently reported in acute dosing of ketamine10. Most commonly reported acute psychiatric side effects were reportedly anxiety, dissociation being the most psychotomimetic effect. Increased heart rate and raised blood pressure are the most frequent cardiovascular outcomes and headache and dizziness are some of the most common neurological side effects of ketamine. Kemp11 highlighted metabolic disorders such as weight gain and sedation and somnolence as one of the most common adverse effects of pharmacotherapy in treating bipolar depression. These side effects reduce adherence to treatment and reduce the clinical response of pharmacotherapies. However, psilocybin has low toxicity and addictive potential5. Although the precise mechanism of action of psilocybin is unknown, a randomized clinical trial found that it had a persistent and fast antidepressant effect when compared with escitalopram, as well as improved global brain integration12. The article by Davis et al6 entitled “Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial” has piqued the interest of the entire psychiatric community. The author highlights a novel finding of significant decreases in or remission of depression in people with MDD with Psilocybin-assisted therapy. A total of 27 participants were recruited, 11 of whom underwent immediate therapy while 13 underwent delayed therapy after 8 weeks. Psilocybin was administered in 2 sessions, with the first session being a moderate dose (20 mg/70 kg) and the second session containing a high dose (30 mg/70 kg). There was a significant decrease in depression in weeks 1 and 4 of follow-up in immediate treatment compared with weeks 5 and 8 of delayed treatment that had not started the therapy. Seventeen participants showed a >50% decrease in depression in weeks 1 and 4; 14 participants in week 1 and 13 participants in week 4 showed complete remission of depression. This study highlights potential breakthrough evidence that is beginning to emerge regarding psilocybin’s use. In January 2022, Rucker et al’s phase 1 trial results delineated that Psilocybin in doses of 10 or 25 mg, respectively, had no short-term or long-term detrimental effects on participants making the case for it being a plausibly relevant and safe alternative to other psychiatric treatments13. However, for nearly 50 years, psychedelics had been prohibited for medical use owing to rigorous drug control policies and strongly held stigmatic beliefs labelling them as illicit recreational drugs only with no potential for medical benefit. Recent studies, on the other hand, have shown that psychedelics can alleviate depression and anxiety, but mental health professionals are still wary of using them for medicinal purposes14. This, in part, is because there was a lack of research regarding their efficacy, which when combined with the extreme scheduling of these drugs by law, has led to its widespread clinical use being, at best, delayed14. While most psychiatrists support its future use, many are concerned about its potential adverse effects. On the other hand, there appears to be a supportive attitude toward psychedelic use for medicinal purposes among the general populace. According to a survey, 63% of Psychedelic mushroom users reported using them for mental well-being but an alarming 19% also reported use after self-diagnosis of a mental disorder15. Nevertheless, there have been some notable shifts in perspective as legal frameworks regarding the use of psychedelics are being revised. Owing to efficacy data suggesting potential therapeutic benefits of these psychedelics, this “psychedelic renaissance” has brought about changes such as the statewide legalization of specific psychedelics, including psilocybin, in Oregon, USA16. Although Davis et al’s6 findings do pave the way for furthering the discussion, especially as there were no adverse events reported with psilocybin use, results can be overstated due to the study’s small sample size. A survey on self-reported side effects of psilocybin showed that 11% of Psilocybin consumers put themselves or another person at harm, 2.6% behaved in a physically aggressive manner and 2.7% had to seek medical help17. These negative reactions have often been seen in trials where induced stressful situations have led to patients leaving the site18. There must be additional large-scale clinical trials undertaken across a spectrum of mental diseases before they can be definitively included in medical practice and guidelines for their use can be established. In addition, psychiatric comorbidities are a pressing concern that also needs to be addressed. To make results more generalizable, the risk of using psilocybin in this group needs to be explored19. In a study evaluating the cost effectiveness of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) associated psychotherapy in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder including 105 subjects of six double blinded phase 2 trials the MDMA saved 103.2 million dollars over a period of a 30 years and decreased 5553 quality adjusted life years compared with the standard practices20. According to a statement given by the author of this paper to multidisciplinary association for psychedelic studies MDMA has a potential to break even the cost of mental health in just over 3 years21. According to a study conducted by John Hopkins to assess the effect of psilocybin in personality changes, a single high dose of psilocybin was enough to bring about a measurable personality change such as increased openness in nearly 60% of the participants22. However researchers are still cautious of professing the cost effectiveness of psychedelic and require more data over a longer period of time to come to a conclusive finding. The usage of psychedelics to alleviate anxiety and depression appears to be more pertinent now than ever. This, however, raises concerns about self-medication with psychedelics and their excessive usage. Ensuring psychedelics are obtained only through prescription and not as over-the-counter drugs can be an effective method to curb the self-medication of psychedelics. Campaigns that sensitize individuals regarding the health repercussions of resorting to self-medication should also be held at a large scale. Provision of health insurance has also shown to reduce the incidence of self-medication23 and encourages patients to seek guidance from health care professionals. In addition satisfaction with health care service and a good doctor patient relationship are important predictors of self-medication24,25. Workshops about the use of psychedelics in medicine and their possible risks and advantages should be conducted for psychologists and psychiatrists to assist in breaking down stigma and assisting them in making educated decisions for their patients. Ethical approval None. Sources of funding None. Author contribution H.R.: conception of the study, drafting of the work, final approval and agreeing to the accuracy of the work. U.N.: conception of the study, drafting of the work, final approval and agreeing to the accuracy of the work. A.S.: conception of the study, drafting of the work, final approval and agreeing to the accuracy of the work. O.A.S.: conception of the study, drafting of the work, final approval and agreeing to the accuracy of the work. Conflict of interest disclosures The authors declare that they have no financial conflict of interest with regard to the content of this report. Research registration unique identifying number None. Guarantor Hamna Raheel, Unaiza Naeem, Asim Shaikh, and Omer Ahmed Shaikh.", "journal": "International Journal of Surgery Global Health", "publication_date": "2022-10-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1097/gh9.0000000000000089", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000089", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Mental health, Depression (economics), Population, Major depressive disorder, Psychological intervention, Medicine, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Mood, Environmental health, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Tryptophan and brain disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:56", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4318965036\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4318965036\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2005405662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016292245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104101984\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741959390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794653496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906534435\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087025291\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093269897\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3197311089\",\"https://openalex.org/W3203310594\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4221018864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223461155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225982601\",\"https://openalex.org/W6801747217\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015840545\",\"display_name\":\"Hamna Raheel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-432X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016462981\",\"display_name\":\"Unaiza Naeem\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0455-7864\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101565927\",\"display_name\":\"Asim Shaikh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6984-9465\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021771375\",\"display_name\":\"Omer Ahmed Shaikh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-390X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210188486\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Surgery Global Health\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000089\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4318965036" }, { "id": 3191, "title": "Psilocybin induces acute and persisting alterations in immune status and the stress response in healthy volunteers", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induces acute and persisting alterations in immune status and the stress response in healthy volunteers", "authors": "Mason N, Szabo A, Kuypers K, Mallaroni P, de la Torre Fornell R, Reckweg J, Tse D, Hutten N, Feilding A, Ramaekers J.", "abstract": "Patients characterized by stress-related disorders such as depression display elevated circulating concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a hyperactive HPA axis. Psychedelics are demonstrating promising results in treatment of such disorders, however the mechanisms of their therapeutic effects are still unknown. To date the evidence of acute and persisting effects of psychedelics on immune functioning, HPA axis activity in response to stress, and associated psychological outcomes is preliminary. To address this, we conducted a placebo-controlled, parallel group design comprising of 60 healthy participants who received either placebo (n=30) or 0.17 mg/kg psilocybin (n=30). Blood samples were taken to assess acute changes in immune status, and 7 days after drug administration. Seven days’ post-administration, participants in each treatment group were further subdivided: 15 underwent a stress induction protocol, and 15 underwent a control protocol. Ultra-high field magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to assess whether acute changes in glutamate or glial activity were associated with changes in immune functioning. Finally, questionnaires assessed persisting self-report changes in mood and social behavior. Psilocybin immediately reduced concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), while other inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP)) remained unchanged. Seven days later, TNF-α concentrations returned to baseline, while IL-6 and CRP concentrations were persistently reduced in the psilocybin group. Changes in the immune profile were related to acute neurometabolic activity as acute reductions in TNF-α were linked to lower concentrations of glutamate in the hippocampus. Additionally, the more of a reduction in IL-6 and CRP seven days after psilocybin, the more persisting positive mood and social effects participants reported. Regarding the stress response, after a psychosocial stressor, psilocybin blunted the cortisol response compared to placebo. Such acute and persisting changes may contribute to the psychological and therapeutic effects of psilocybin demonstrated in ongoing patient trials.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2022-10-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1101/2022.10.31.22281688", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.31.22281688", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR565752\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Healthy Volunteers,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1644, "title": "[Treatment-resistant depression. From classification to new therapies.]", "normalized_title": "treatment resistant depression from classification to new therapies", "authors": "Paganin W, Signorini S, Signorini S, Leccese V, Sciarretta A.", "abstract": "AimsThis paper aims to investigate the advances in recent years in the recognition and therapy of treatment-resistant depression starting from the concepts of: depressive disorder, resistance and pseudoresistance to drug treatment in depression, and appropriate treatments of treatment-resistant depression.MethodsAn extensive research was carried out on scientific databases such as: PubMed, PsychInfo and Cochrane Library, until May 2022, using the keywords \"major depression\", \"treatment-resistant depression\", \"staging\", \"instrumental therapies for resistant depression\", \"esketamine\" and \"psilocybin\".ResultsSubjects who do not respond to antidepressants show a form of treatment resistance that requires an approach with additional pharmacological and/or instrumental therapies. Recently, esketamine and psilocybin are of particular interest among clinicians, and instrumental treatments such as: vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, epidural cortical stimulation, and electro convulsive therapy, are being added to them.Discussion and conclusionsTreatment-resistant depression has increasingly become a public health problem due to the significant number of relapses, hospitalizations and mortality it entails, with increased demand for the use of more drugs, therapeutic resources by health services, and loss of quality of life for patients. Treatment-resistant depression needs to be addressed through the creation of dedicated study protocols. Future research should focus on the need to establish operational, valid and appropriate criteria, both on the psychopathological, clinical governance and therapeutic levels, focusing on the latest therapies in order to provide reliable data on the benefits, risks and costs associated with their use.", "journal": "Rivista di psichiatria", "publication_date": "2022-10-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1708/3922.39072", "pubmed_id": "36503940", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1708/3922.39072", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Quality of Life, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36503940\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311667760\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4311667760\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084331649\",\"display_name\":\"Walter Paganin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-0712\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043613312\",\"display_name\":\"Sabrina Signorini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3808-4372\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018437057\",\"display_name\":\"Vincenzo Leccese\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015630350\",\"display_name\":\"Antonio Sciarretta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4643-0706\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S28074187\",\"source_display_name\":\"Rivista di psichiatria\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1708/3922.39072\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Aging,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4311667760" }, { "id": 1642, "title": "Single-Dose Psilocybin for a Treatment-Resistant Episode of Major Depression.", "normalized_title": "single dose psilocybin for a treatment resistant episode of major depression", "authors": "Goodwin GM, Aaronson ST, Alvarez O, Arden PC, Baker A, Bennett JC, Bird C, Blom RE, Brennan C, Brusch D, Burke L, Campbell-Coker K, Carhart-Harris R, Cattell J, Daniel A, DeBattista C, Dunlop BW, Eisen K, Feifel D, Forbes M, Haumann HM, Hellerstein DJ, Hoppe AI, Husain MI, Jelen LA, Kamphuis J, Kawasaki J, Kelly JR, Key RE, Kishon R, Knatz Peck S, Knight G, Koolen MHB, Lean M, Licht RW, Maples-Keller JL, Mars J, Marwood L, McElhiney MC, Miller TL, Mirow A, Mistry S, Mletzko-Crowe T, Modlin LN, Nielsen RE, Nielson EM, Offerhaus SR, O'Keane V, Páleníček T, Printz D, Rademaker MC, van Reemst A, Reinholdt F, Repantis D, Rucker J, Rudow S, Ruffell S, Rush AJ, Schoevers RA, Seynaeve M, Shao S, Soares JC, Somers M, Stansfield SC, Sterling D, Strockis A, Tsai J, Visser L, Wahba M, Williams S, Young AH, Ywema P, Zisook S, Malievskaia E.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin is being studied for use in treatment-resistant depression.MethodsIn this phase 2 double-blind trial, we randomly assigned adults with treatment-resistant depression to receive a single dose of a proprietary, synthetic formulation of psilocybin at a dose of 25 mg, 10 mg, or 1 mg (control), along with psychological support. The primary end point was the change from baseline to week 3 in the total score on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS; range, 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe depression). Secondary end points included response at week 3 (≥50% decrease from baseline in the MADRS total score), remission at week 3 (MADRS total score ≤10), and sustained response at 12 weeks (meeting response criteria at week 3 and all subsequent visits).ResultsA total of 79 participants were in the 25-mg group, 75 in the 10-mg group, and 79 in the 1-mg group. The mean MADRS total score at baseline was 32 or 33 in each group. Least-squares mean changes from baseline to week 3 in the score were -12.0 for 25 mg, -7.9 for 10 mg, and -5.4 for 1 mg; the difference between the 25-mg group and 1-mg group was -6.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], -10.2 to -2.9; P", "journal": "New England Journal of Medicine", "publication_date": "2022-10-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1056/nejmoa2206443", "pubmed_id": "36322843", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2206443", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Adult, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36322843\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4308146982\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1084,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W795371411\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999142409\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085758661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111663098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914444775\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031562832\",\"display_name\":\"Oscar Alvarez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058441585\",\"display_name\":\"Peter C. Arden\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022149933\",\"display_name\":\"Annie Baker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101823997\",\"display_name\":\"James Bennett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4930-2638\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033191459\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bird\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-6931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057241343\",\"display_name\":\"Renske E. Blom\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069190672\",\"display_name\":\"Christine Brennan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-439X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020230510\",\"display_name\":\"Donna Brusch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005359506\",\"display_name\":\"Lisa Burke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-5995\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071185535\",\"display_name\":\"Kete Campbell-Coker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060142215\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Cattell\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060699046\",\"display_name\":\"Aster Daniel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8668-2097\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030186541\",\"display_name\":\"Charles DeBattista\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052980069\",\"display_name\":\"Katherine Eisen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-4002\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037818125\",\"display_name\":\"MacKenzie Forbes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029325479\",\"display_name\":\"Hannah M. Haumann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080468726\",\"display_name\":\"Astrid I. Hoppe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078217449\",\"display_name\":\"Muhammad Ishrat Husain\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-5750\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021214721\",\"display_name\":\"Luke A. Jelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-5239\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016694325\",\"display_name\":\"Jeanine Kamphuis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041387281\",\"display_name\":\"Julie Kawasaki\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6824-2835\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044012591\",\"display_name\":\"Richard E. Key\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037603205\",\"display_name\":\"Ronit Kishon\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4288-3860\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011897192\",\"display_name\":\"Stéphanie Knatz Peck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015494091\",\"display_name\":\"Gemma Knight\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045551069\",\"display_name\":\"Martijn H.B. Koolen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078628093\",\"display_name\":\"Melanie Lean\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3654-9914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083653322\",\"display_name\":\"Rasmus Wentzer Licht\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8095-3490\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081814425\",\"display_name\":\"Jessica L. Maples-Keller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4768-7332\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077603661\",\"display_name\":\"Jan Mars\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042856673\",\"display_name\":\"Martin McElhiney\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8073-399X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110607035\",\"display_name\":\"Tammy Miller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055331297\",\"display_name\":\"Arvin Mirow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017664220\",\"display_name\":\"Tanja Mletzko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-9698\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036262527\",\"display_name\":\"Liam N. Modlin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049815184\",\"display_name\":\"René Ernst Nielsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7982-6352\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087298757\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth M. Nielson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-4558\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084045182\",\"display_name\":\"Sjoerd R. Offerhaus\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020131072\",\"display_name\":\"Veronica O’Keane\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-099X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056888000\",\"display_name\":\"Tomáš Páleníček\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-9539\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089615811\",\"display_name\":\"David Printz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031699306\",\"display_name\":\"Marleen C. Rademaker\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066645269\",\"display_name\":\"Aumer van Reemst\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082252502\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick Reinholdt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012350581\",\"display_name\":\"Dimitris Repantis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-6286\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050421509\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel Rudow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081719098\",\"display_name\":\"Simon Ruffell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013246959\",\"display_name\":\"A. John Rush\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-2382\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063914720\",\"display_name\":\"Mathieu Seynaeve\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057873669\",\"display_name\":\"Samantha Shao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082192669\",\"display_name\":\"Jair C. Soares\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062662397\",\"display_name\":\"Diane Sterling\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049560345\",\"display_name\":\"Aaron Strockis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103816856\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058974399\",\"display_name\":\"Lucy Visser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063245678\",\"display_name\":\"Mourad Wahba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-6601\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038234384\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel P. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7651-3457\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009766080\",\"display_name\":\"Paula Ywema\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053651400\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Zisook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-9185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S62468778\",\"source_display_name\":\"New England Journal of Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2206443\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4308146982" }, { "id": 1641, "title": "Psilocybin in Treatment-Resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Madras BK.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1056/nejme2210975", "pubmed_id": "36322849", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1056/nejme2210975", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36322849\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1604, "title": "Race and ethnicity moderate the associations between lifetime psychedelic use (MDMA/ecstasy and psilocybin) and major depressive episodes.", "normalized_title": "race and ethnicity moderate the associations between lifetime psychedelic use mdma ecstasy and psilocybin and major depressive episodes", "authors": "Jones GM.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelics are receiving renewed attention within Western medicine as they represent potential treatments for many difficult-to-treat mental health disorders. However, psychedelic science is limited in its focus and inclusion of racial and ethnic minorities. Hence, this study examines whether race and ethnicity moderate the associations that naturalistic 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)/ecstasy use and psilocybin use share with major depressive episodes (MDEs).MethodData for this project are from The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2005-2019). Participants were adults aged 18 years and older (unweighted N = 596,187). This study used multivariable logistic regression to test the interaction between race and ethnicity and MDMA/ecstasy use and psilocybin use for predicting lifetime, past year, and past year severe MDEs.ResultsRace and ethnicity significantly moderated the associations between MDMA/ecstasy use and psilocybin use and MDEs. For White participants, MDMA/ecstasy use and psilocybin use each were associated with lowered odds of all three MDE outcomes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) range: 0.82-0.92). For Hispanic participants, MDMA/ecstasy use and psilocybin use each conferred lowered odds of only a past year MDE (MDMA/ecstasy aOR: 0.82; psilocybin aOR: 0.79). For Non-Hispanic Racial Minority participants, MDMA/ecstasy and psilocybin use did not confer lowered odds of any MDE outcomes.ConclusionRace and ethnicity have an impact on the associations that psychedelics share with mental health outcomes. Future research should explore the impact of identity and discrimination on the effects of psychedelics and should explore whether these substances can serve as effective treatments for minorities when used in culturally informed contexts.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-10-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221127304", "pubmed_id": "36314881", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221127304", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Adult, Psilocybin, Ethnicity, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36314881\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4307773202\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4307773202\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":28,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1957998952\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010632490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039566609\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042166241\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087325111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114183716\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121528518\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122453635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137981069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158208927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161482546\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167044045\",\"https://openalex.org/W2195703978\",\"https://openalex.org/W2295549095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567295262\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571443797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2588071311\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604748569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735648966\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757390367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766270028\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770484717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2831064708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894431596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899027265\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903547094\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912806128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2920559226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2968540378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022868799\",\"https://openalex.org/W3032916801\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112172827\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138310787\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159875688\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166645809\",\"https://openalex.org/W3187769763\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193146023\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205618858\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205701940\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206486089\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210325795\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223525754\",\"https://openalex.org/W4304118763\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066674976\",\"display_name\":\"Grant Jones\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-310X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221127304\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4307773202" }, { "id": 3756, "title": "Serotonergic antidepressant use is associated with weaker psilocybin effects", "normalized_title": "serotonergic antidepressant use is associated with weaker psilocybin effects", "authors": "Gukasyan N, Griffiths RR, Yaden DB, Antoine D, Nayak SM.", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin is being studied for depression, but little is known about how it interacts with common antidepressants. Limited data suggests that psilocybin’s effects may be diminished by serotonergic antidepressants acutely and even after a medication washout period. Aims: To learn the extent to which serotonergic antidepressants may diminish psilocybin’s effects both concurrently and after discontinuation of antidepressants. Methods: Online survey of individuals with use of psilocybin 1) with an antidepressant and/or 2) within two years of discontinuing an antidepressant. Participants who took psilocybin with an antidepressant and either took the same dose of psilocybin pre-antidepressant or took the same dose with other people not on antidepressant reported the strength of psilocybin’s effect relative to their expectation. Participants who took psilocybin following discontinuation of a serotonergic antidepressant also reported the presence of weakened effects. Results: In reports (n=595) of taking psilocybin with an antidepressant, probabilities [95% CI] of weaker than expected psilocybin effects were 0.48 [0.41-0.54] (SSRIs), 0.56 [0.44-0.67] (SNRIs) and 0.29 [0.2-0.39] (bupropion). Following serotonergic antidepressant discontinuation (n=1,542 reports), the odds of reduced psilocybin effects were not significantly different from the earliest post-discontinuation timepoint (within 1 week) until 3-6 months OR = 0.42, 95% [0.25-0.72] p = 0.001. Conclusions: Serotonergic antidepressants appear to weaken psilocybin’s effects relative to a non-serotonergic antidepressant. This dampening effect on psilocybin effects may last as long as 3 months following antidepressant discontinuation.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-10-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/2zys9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2zys9", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:19", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR564597\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3730, "title": "A Bayesian Reanalysis of a Trial of Psilocybin versus Escitalopram for Depression.", "normalized_title": "a bayesian reanalysis of a trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Nayak SM, Bari BA, Yaden DB, Spriggs MJ, Rosas FE, Peill JM, Giribaldi B, Erritzoe D, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "ObjectivesTo perform a Bayesian reanalysis of a recent trial of psilocybin (COMP360) versus escitalopram for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in order to provide a more informative interpretation of the indeterminate outcome of a previous frequentist analysis.DesignReanalysis of a two-arm double-blind placebo controlled trial.ParticipantsFifty-nine patients with MDD.InterventionsTwo doses of psilocybin 25mg and daily oral placebo versus daily escitalopram and 2 doses of psilocybin 1mg, with psychological support for both groups.Outcome measuresQuick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS SR-16), and three other depression scales as secondary outcomes: HAMD-17, MADRS, and BDI-1A.ResultsUsing Bayes factors and 'skeptical priors' which bias estimates towards zero, for the hypothesis that psilocybin is superior by any margin, we found indeterminate evidence for QIDS SR-16, strong evidence for BDI-1A and MADRS, and extremely strong evidence for HAMD-17. For the stronger hypothesis that psilocybin is superior by a 'clinically meaningful amount' (using literature defined values of the minimally clinically important difference), we found moderate evidence against it for QIDS SR-16, indeterminate evidence for BDI-1A and MADRS, and moderate evidence supporting it for HAMD-17. Furthermore, across the board we found extremely strong evidence for psilocybin's non-inferiority versus escitalopram. These findings were robust to prior sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsThis Bayesian reanalysis supports the following inferences: 1) that psilocybin did indeed outperform escitalopram in this trial, but not to an extent that was clinically meaningful--and 2) that psilocybin is almost certainly non-inferior to escitalopram. The present results provide a more precise and nuanced interpretation to previously reported results from this trial, and support the need for further research into the relative efficacy of psilocybin therapy for depression with respect to current leading treatments.Trial registration numberNCT03429075.", "journal": "Psychedelic Medicine", "publication_date": "2022-10-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1089/psymed.2022.0002", "pubmed_id": "37337526", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2022.0002", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:08:42", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"37337526\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4307481727\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4307481727\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":15,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W313647156\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977670030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017663874\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027873737\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047970223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092724165\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102890221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117415335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123263696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159450977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2306296749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2335953718\",\"https://openalex.org/W2505690247\",\"https://openalex.org/W2564988627\",\"https://openalex.org/W2780349532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803603947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2896849124\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912774204\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945690835\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962758893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2977706610\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985332844\",\"https://openalex.org/W3037007306\",\"https://openalex.org/W3037221689\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109761717\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124268961\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129586996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3206865065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3212574639\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232976691\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021371430\",\"display_name\":\"Bilal A. Bari\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8381-3802\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039486115\",\"display_name\":\"David B. Yaden\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9604-6227\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025030452\",\"display_name\":\"Meg J. Spriggs\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7800-1586\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020498855\",\"display_name\":\"Fernando E. Rosas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7790-6183\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089523890\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph Peill\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-4617\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4387284413\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychedelic Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/psymed.2022.0002\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4307481727" }, { "id": 3170, "title": "Serotonergic antidepressant use is associated with weaker psilocybin effects", "normalized_title": "serotonergic antidepressant use is associated with weaker psilocybin effects", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin is being studied for depression, but little is known about how it interacts with common antidepressants. Limited data suggests that psilocybin’s effects may be diminished by serotonergic antidepressants acutely and even after a medication washout period. Aims: To learn the extent to which serotonergic antidepressants may diminish psilocybin’s effects both concurrently and after discontinuation of antidepressants. Methods: Online survey of individuals with use of psilocybin 1) with an antidepressant and/or 2) within two years of discontinuing an antidepressant. Participants who took psilocybin with an antidepressant and either took the same dose of psilocybin pre-antidepressant or took the same dose with other people not on antidepressant reported the strength of psilocybin’s effect relative to their expectation. Participants who took psilocybin following discontinuation of a serotonergic antidepressant also reported the presence of weakened effects. Results: In reports (n=595) of taking psilocybin with an antidepressant, probabilities [95% CI] of weaker than expected psilocybin effects were 0.48 [0.41-0.54] (SSRIs), 0.56 [0.44-0.67] (SNRIs) and 0.29 [0.2-0.39] (bupropion). Following serotonergic antidepressant discontinuation (n=1,542 reports), the odds of reduced psilocybin effects were not significantly different from the earliest post-discontinuation timepoint (within 1 week) until 3-6 months OR = 0.42, 95% [0.25-0.72] p = 0.001. Conclusions: Serotonergic antidepressants appear to weaken psilocybin’s effects relative to a non-serotonergic antidepressant. This dampening effect on psilocybin effects may last as long as 3 months following antidepressant discontinuation.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-10-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/2zys9_v1", "keywords": "antidepressant, drug interactions, psilocybin, psychedelic, serotonin, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"2zys9_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Observational Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3461, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Participants With Type 2 Bipolar Disorder (BP-II) Depression.", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in participants with type 2 bipolar disorder bp ii depression", "authors": "Sheppard Pratt Health System", "abstract": "The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 25 mg of psilocybin under supportive conditions to adult participants with BP-II, current episode depressed, in improving depressive symptoms.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-10-24", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04433845", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04433845\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1672, "title": "Culture, context, and ethics in the therapeutic use of hallucinogens: Psychedelics as active super-placebos?", "normalized_title": "culture context and ethics in the therapeutic use of hallucinogens psychedelics as active super placebos", "authors": "Dupuis D, Veissière S.", "abstract": "Following decades of prohibition and widespread concern about their mind-altering properties, there is increasing public, scholarly, and clinical interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances. Serotonergic substances in particular (DMT, psilocybin, and LSD) are now being tested as treatments for such ailments as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorder. This thematic issue of Transcultural Psychiatry presents articles that investigate the cultural assumptions, political dimensions, and clinical and ethical implications that arise from this renewed interest. After reviewing ongoing debates on therapeutic mechanisms of action and the importance of context, we argue that psychedelics can be conceptualized as \"active super-placebos\"-that is, substances that enhance ritual, symbolic, and interpersonal therapeutic processes by increasing suggestibility and the influence of extra-pharmacological, \"non-specific\" factors. Rather than simply freeing up habitual constraints on perception, the articles in this issue support the claim that psychedelic encounters typically entail processes of sense-making, crystallization of meaning, and enculturation into contextually mediated assumptive worlds (or ideologies) and behaviours that necessarily install novel constraints with potentially maladaptive consequences. We highlight the importance of clinical and epistemic integrity in the framing of psychedelic therapies. The importance of structuring and providing oversight for the therapeutic context raises difficult questions about the search for appropriate forms of epistemic authority that are at once respectful of the plural cultural origins of psychedelic rituals and mindful of best practices and standards in clinical care.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-18", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/13634615221131465", "pubmed_id": "36263513", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/13634615221131465", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Psychotherapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36263513\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1648, "title": "Are Magic Mushrooms Really Magic?: Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depression.", "normalized_title": "are magic mushrooms really magic psilocybin in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Balon R.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-15", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1097/jcp.0000000000001610", "pubmed_id": "36251379", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000001610", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psilocybe, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36251379\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1660, "title": "Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "potential therapeutic effects of psilocybin a systematic review", "authors": "Goel DB, Zilate S.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a plant alkaloid that is derived from precursors of tryptamine and is present in many different types of mushrooms. It has been utilized by indigenous peoples of Central and South America for centuries in a ceremonial setting to promote spiritual experiences. Indigenous societies have long employed psilocybin and other 5-HT2A agonist classic psychedelics in their rites. They were a focus in psychiatry in the middle of the 20th century as both experimental medicines and tools for studying brain function. Due to the fact that traditional psychedelics were being used for purposes other than medical research and in connection with the burgeoning counterculture by the late 1960s and early 1970s, these scientific investigations fell out of favor. However, thanks to a number of encouraging studies that validated the earlier research, interest in traditional psychedelics has surged among scientists in the 21st century. In this review, we examine therapeutic studies on psilocybin, the traditional psychedelic that has received the lion's share of recent attention. According to three controlled studies, psilocybin may reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in the context of cancer-related psychological discomfort for at least six months after a single acute treatment for mood and anxiety disorders. Three months after two acute doses, individuals in a small, open-label study with treatment-resistant depression reported fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms. Small, open-label pilot studies on addiction have demonstrated encouraging success rates for alcohol and cigarette addiction. The review also briefly discusses the synthesis, mechanism of action, effects, molecular pharmacology, adverse effects, and contraindications of psilocybin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-11", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.30214", "pubmed_id": "36381758", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30214", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36381758\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Spirituality,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Contraindications", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1572, "title": "Psychedelic therapy for depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy for depressive symptoms a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Ko K, Kopra EI, Cleare AJ, Rucker JJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelic therapy shows promise for Major Depressive Disorder, especially when treatment-resistant, as well as life-threatening illness distress. The objective of this systematic review, inclusive of meta-analysis, is to examine recent clinical research on the therapeutic effects of classic psychedelics on depressive symptoms.MethodsFourteen psychedelic therapy studies, utilising psilocybin, ayahuasca, or LSD, were systematically reviewed. For the meta-analysis, standardised mean differences were calculated for seven randomised controlled trials.ResultsThe systematic review indicated significant short- and long-term reduction of depressive symptoms in all conditions studied after administration of psilocybin, ayahuasca, or LSD, with psychological support. In the meta-analysis, symptom reduction was significantly indicated in three timepoints out of four, including 1-day, 1-week, and 3-5 weeks, supporting the results of the systematic review, with the exception of the 6-8 weeks follow-up point which was less conclusive.LimitationsThe absence of required data for 2 studies necessitated the less precise use of graphical extraction and imputation. The small sample size in all but one study negatively affected the statistical power. None of the studies had long-term follow-up without also utilising the cross-over method, which did not allow for long-term results to be included in the meta-review.ConclusionsThis review indicates an association between psychedelic therapy and significant reduction of depressive symptoms at several time points. However, the small number of studies, and low sample sizes, calls for careful interpretation of results. This suggests the need for more randomised clinical trials of psychedelic therapy, with larger and more diverse samples.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.168", "pubmed_id": "36209780", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.168", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36209780\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1667, "title": "3,4-Methylenedioxy methamphetamine, synthetic cathinones and psychedelics: From recreational to novel psychotherapeutic drugs.", "normalized_title": "3 4 methylenedioxy methamphetamine synthetic cathinones and psychedelics from recreational to novel psychotherapeutic drugs", "authors": "López-Arnau R, Camarasa J, Carbó ML, Nadal-Gratacós N, Puigseslloses P, Espinosa-Velasco M, Urquizu E, Escubedo E, Pubill D.", "abstract": "The utility of classical drugs used to treat psychiatric disorders (e.g., antidepressants, anxiolytics) is often limited by issues of lack of efficacy, delayed onset of action or side effects. Psychoactive substances have a long history of being used as tools to alter consciousness and as a gateway to approach the unknown and the divinities. These substances were initially obtained from plants and animals and more recently by chemical synthesis, and its consumption evolved toward a more recreational use, leading to drug abuse-related disorders, trafficking, and subsequent banning by the authorities. However, these substances, by modulation of certain neurochemical pathways, have been proven to have a beneficial effect on some psychiatric disorders. This evidence obtained under medically controlled conditions and often associated with psychotherapy, makes these substances an alternative to conventional medicines, to which in many cases the patient does not respond properly. Such disorders include post-traumatic stress disease and treatment-resistant depression, for which classical drugs such as MDMA, ketamine, psilocybin and LSD, among others, have already been clinically tested, reporting successful outcomes. The irruption of new psychoactive substances (NPS), especially during the last decade and despite their recreational and illicit uses, has enlarged the library of substances with potential utility on these disorders. In fact, many of them were synthetized with therapeutic purposes and were withdrawn for concrete reasons (e.g., adverse effects, improper pharmacological profile). In this review we focus on the basis, existing evidence and possible use of synthetic cathinones and psychedelics (specially tryptamines) for the treatment of mental illnesses and the properties that should be found in NPS to obtain new therapeutic compounds.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-02", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2022.990405", "pubmed_id": "36262632", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.990405", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36262632\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1649, "title": "A Critical Appraisal of Evidence on the Efficacy and Safety of Serotonergic Psychedelic Drugs as Emerging Antidepressants: Mind the Evidence Gap.", "normalized_title": "a critical appraisal of evidence on the efficacy and safety of serotonergic psychedelic drugs as emerging antidepressants mind the evidence gap", "authors": "Ledwos N, Rosenblat JD, Blumberger DM, Castle DJ, McIntyre RS, Mulsant BH, Husain MI.", "abstract": "Purpose/backgroundThere has been resurgence of interest in the therapeutic use of serotonergic (\"classic\") psychedelics in major depressive disorder (MDD) and end-of-life distress. This commentary offers a critical appraisal of current evidence for antidepressant effects of classic psychedelics from contemporary clinical trials and highlights pitfalls that should be addressed before clinical translation.Methods/proceduresA narrative review was conducted to identify clinical trials of serotonergic psychedelics for the treatment of MDD and end-of-life distress. Trials published between January 1990 and May 2022 were identified on PubMed using combinations of search terms.Findings/resultsPsilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and ayahuasca have clinical trials to evaluate antidepressant effects. Two studies showed preliminary positive effects of single-dose ayahuasca for treatment-resistant depression. Similar results were seen in lysergic acid diethylamide for end-of-life distress. Small randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of psilocybin combined with psychotherapy showed superiority to waitlist controls and comparable efficacy and safety to an active comparator in MDD, with additional RCTs showing efficacy in end-of-life distress. Adverse events associated with psychedelics were reported as mild and transient. Small homogenous samples, expectancy bias, functional unblinding, and lack of consensus and standardization of psychotherapy are major limitations of all studies.Implications/conclusionsGiven the methodological limitations of published RCTs, the evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of serotonergic psychedelics for depression is currently of low level. Future research should assess the role of expectancy and psychedelic effects in moderating and mediating treatment response. Innovative trial designs are needed to overcome functional unblinding. For now, psychedelics should remain experimental interventions used within clinical trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-10-02", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1097/jcp.0000000000001608", "pubmed_id": "36193898", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000001608", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Death, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36193898\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4920, "title": "19.3 Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for MDD: Current Evidence and Clinical Considerations", "normalized_title": "19 3 psilocybin assisted therapy for mdd current evidence and clinical considerations", "authors": "Natalie Gukasyan", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2022-09-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jaac.2022.07.664", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.07.664", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Context (archaeology), Hamd, Psychology, Adverse effect, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Major depressive disorder, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Mood, Anxiety, Economics, Biology, Macroeconomics, Paleontology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:56", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4304633208\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4304633208\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S60711021\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.07.664\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4304633208" }, { "id": 1683, "title": "New investigational agents for the treatment of major depressive disorder.", "normalized_title": "new investigational agents for the treatment of major depressive disorder", "authors": "Pochwat B, Krupa AJ, Siwek M, Szewczyk B", "abstract": "Pharmacotherapy of depression is characterized by the delayed onset of action, chronic treatment requirements, and insufficient effectiveness. Ketamine, with its rapid action and long-lasting effects, represents a breakthrough in the modern pharmacotherapy of depression. The current review summarizes the latest findings on the mechanism of the antidepressant action of ketamine and its enantiomers and metabolites. Furthermore, the antidepressant potential of psychedelics, non-hallucinogenic serotonergic modulators, and metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands was discussed. Recent data indicated that to achieve fast and long-acting antidepressant-like effects, compounds must induce durable effects on the architecture and density of dendritic spines in brain regions engaged in mood regulation. Such mechanisms underlie the actions of ketamine and psychedelics. These compounds trigger hallucinations; however, it is thought that these effects might be essential for their antidepressant action. Behavioral studies with serotonergic modulators affecting 5-HT1A (biased agonists), 5-HT4 (agonists), and 5-HT-7 (antagonists) receptors exert rapid antidepressant-like activity, but they seem to be devoid of these effects. Another way to avoid psychomimetic effects and achieve the desired rapid antidepressant-like effects is combined therapy. In this respect, ligands of metabotropic receptors show some potential.", "journal": "Expert opinion on investigational drugs", "publication_date": "2022-09-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/13543784.2022.2113376", "pubmed_id": "35975761", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35975761/", "keywords": "NMDA, Rapid-acting antidepressant, depression, ketamine, psilocybin, serotonin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35975761\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1673, "title": "Animal Behavior in Psychedelic Research.", "normalized_title": "animal behavior in psychedelic research", "authors": "Odland AU, Kristensen JL, Andreasen JT.", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy holds great promise in the treatment of mental health disorders. Research into 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonist psychedelic compounds has increased dramatically over the past two decades. In humans, these compounds produce drastic effects on consciousness, and their therapeutic potential relates to changes in the processing of emotional, social, and self-referential information. The use of animal behavior to study psychedelics is under debate, and this review provides a critical perspective on the translational value of animal behavior studies in psychedelic research. Acute activation of 5-HT2ARs produces head twitches and unique discriminative cues, disrupts sensorimotor gating, and stimulates motor activity while inhibiting exploration in rodents. The acute treatment with psychedelics shows discrepant results in conventional rodent tests of depression-like behaviors but generally induces anxiolytic-like effects and inhibits repetitive behavior in rodents. Psychedelics impair waiting impulsivity but show discrepant effects in other tests of cognitive function. Tests of social interaction also show conflicting results. Effects on measures of time perception depend on the experimental schedule. Lasting or delayed effects of psychedelics in rodent tests related to different behavioral domains appear to be rather sensitive to changes in experimental protocols. Studying the effects of psychedelics on animal behaviors of relevance to effects on psychiatric symptoms in humans, assessing lasting effects, publishing negative findings, and relating behaviors in rodents and humans to other more translatable readouts, such as neuroplastic changes, will improve the translational value of animal behavioral studies in psychedelic research. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin have received immense interest as potential new treatments of psychiatric disorders. Psychedelics change high-order consciousness in humans, and there is debate about the use of animal behavior studies to investigate these compounds. This review provides an overview of the behavioral effects of 5-HT2AR agonist psychedelics in laboratory animals and discusses the translatability of the effects in animals to effects in humans. Possible ways to improve the utility of animal behavior in psychedelic research are discussed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-09-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1124/pharmrev.122.000590", "pubmed_id": "36180111", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/pharmrev.122.000590", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Serotonin, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Hallucinogens, Behavior, Animal, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36180111\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3244, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression: Prediction of Clinical Outcome by Natural Language Processing", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression prediction of clinical outcome by natural language processing", "authors": "Dougherty RF, Clarke P, Alti M, Kuc J, Schlosser D, Dunlop BW, Hellerstein DJ, Aaronson ST, Zisook S, Young AH, Carhart-Harris R, Goodwin G, Ryslik GA.", "abstract": "Background: Therapeutic administration of psychedelic drugs has shown significant potential in historical accounts and in recent clinical trials in the treatment of depression and other mood disorders. A recent randomized double-blind phase-IIb study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of COMP360, COMPASS Pathways’ proprietary synthetic formulation of psilocybin, in participants with treatment resistant depression. While promising, the treatment works for a portion of the population and early prediction of outcome is a key objective. Methods: Transcripts were made from audio recordings of the psychological support session between participant and therapist one day post COMP360 administration. A zero-shot machine learning classifier based on the BART large language model was used to compute two-dimensional sentiment (valence and arousal) for the participant and therapist from the transcript. These scores, combined with the Emotional Breakthrough Index (EBI) and treatment arm were used to predict treatment outcome as measured by MADRS scores. Code and data are available at https://github.com/compasspathways/Sentiment2DResults: Two multinomial logistic regression models were fit to predict responder status at week 3 and through week 12. Cross-validation of these models resulted in 85% and 88% accuracy and AUC values of 88% and 85%. Conclusions: A machine learning algorithm using NLP and EBI accurately predicts long term patient response, allowing rapid prognostication of personalized response to psilocybin treatment and insight into therapeutic model optimization. Further research is required to understand if language data from earlier stages in the therapeutic process hold similar predictive power.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-09-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/kh3cx", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kh3cx", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR553222\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 643, "title": "Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression: Prediction of Clinical Outcome by Natural Language Processing", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression prediction of clinical outcome by natural language processing", "authors": "", "abstract": "Background: Therapeutic administration of psychedelic drugs has shown significant potential in historical accounts and in recent clinical trials in the treatment of depression and other mood disorders. A recent randomized double-blind phase-IIb study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of COMP360, COMPASS Pathways’ proprietary synthetic formulation of psilocybin, in participants with treatment resistant depression. While promising, the treatment works for a portion of the population and early prediction of outcome is a key objective. Methods: Transcripts were made from audio recordings of the psychological support session between participant and therapist one day post COMP360 administration. A zero-shot machine learning classifier based on the BART large language model was used to compute two-dimensional sentiment (valence and arousal) for the participant and therapist from the transcript. These scores, combined with the Emotional Breakthrough Index (EBI) and treatment arm were used to predict treatment outcome as measured by MADRS scores. Code and data are available at https://github.com/compasspathways/Sentiment2D Results: Two multinomial logistic regression models were fit to predict responder status at week 3 and through week 12. Cross-validation of these models resulted in 85% and 88% accuracy and AUC values of 88% and 85%. Conclusions: A machine learning algorithm using NLP and EBI accurately predicts long term patient response, allowing rapid prognostication of personalized response to psilocybin treatment and insight into therapeutic model optimization. Further research is required to understand if language data from earlier stages in the therapeutic process hold similar predictive power.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-09-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/kh3cx_v1", "keywords": "Depression, Emotional Breakthrough Index, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Sentiment, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Quantitative Methods, Statistical Methods", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"kh3cx_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1691, "title": "Esketamine and Psilocybin-The Comparison of Two Mind-Altering Agents in Depression Treatment: Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "esketamine and psilocybin the comparison of two mind altering agents in depression treatment systematic review", "authors": "Psiuk D, Nowak EM, Dycha N, Łopuszańska U, Kurzepa J, Samardakiewicz M.", "abstract": "This publication discusses two compounds belonging to the psychoactive substances group which are studied in the context of depression treatment-psilocybin and esketamine. The former is a naturally occurring psychedelic. The latter was invented in the laboratory exactly 60 years ago. Although the substances were controversial in the past, recent studies indicate the potential of those substances as novel antidepressant agents. The PubMed/MEDLINE database was used to identify articles for systematic review, using the following search terms: (depression) AND (psilocybin) OR (ketamine). From 617 items, only 12 articles were obtained in the final analyses. Three articles were devoted to psilocybin in depression treatment and nine to esketamine. In most studies, esketamine showed a significant reduction in both depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation shortly after intake and after a month of treatment compared to baseline and to standard-of-care antidepressant agents. Psilocybin's antidepressive effects occurred one day after intake and after 6-7 weeks of treatment and were maintained for up to 6 or 8 months of follow-up. One study indicated that psilocybin's effects are comparable with and may be superior to escitalopram treatment. Both esketamine and psilocybin demonstrated rapid and long-term effects in reducing depression symptoms and, after overcoming some limitations, may be considered as novel antidepressant agents in future.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-09-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/ijms231911450", "pubmed_id": "36232748", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911450", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36232748\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3477, "title": "Multicentre Study To Assess Safety And Efficacy Of Psilocybin In Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression Following Completion Of COMP001 And COMP003 Trials (P-TRD LTFU)", "normalized_title": "multicentre study to assess safety and efficacy of psilocybin in patients with treatment resistant depression following completion of comp001 and comp003 trials p trd ltfu", "authors": "COMPASS Pathways", "abstract": "The primary objective of this study is to assess the long-term efficacy of psilocybin with respect to use of new antidepressant treatment, hospitalisations for depression, suicidality, and depressive severity rated using the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) over a total of 52 weeks (compared across the 1 mg, 10 mg and 25 mg psilocybin groups from COMP001). In this present study (COMP004), the aim is to follow up participants from COMP001 and COMP003 in a long-term follow up study, with both remote and digital assessments, to explore the long term efficacy and safety of the three different doses of psilocybin (1 mg, 10 mg, and 25 mg) administered to patients with TRD as a monotherapy in COMP001 and 25 mg psilocybin administered as an adjunct to an SSRI in COMP003. Patients previously treated in COMP001 will be followed for approximately 40 weeks and patients previosuly treated in COMP003 will be followed for approximately 49 weeks giving a total follow up period of 52 weeks from psilocybin dosing.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-09-21", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04519957", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04519957\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1674, "title": "The Emerging Field of Psychedelic Psychotherapy.", "normalized_title": "the emerging field of psychedelic psychotherapy", "authors": "Barber GS, Aaronson ST.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewFew treatments are available for patients with mood disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who have already failed multiple interventions. After several decades when research into psychedelics was effectively halted by federal legislation, the past several years have shown the re-emergence of thoughtful investigations studying the utility of compounds such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin.Recent findingsSeveral studies have coupled the safe administration of psychedelic compounds in a controlled environment after several hours of preparation of study participants and followed by multiple sessions to integrate the psychedelic experience. The improvement participants experience appear related to the often profound perspective changes experienced and seem unlike the improvements seen in the currently available care paradigms. Studies cited include treatment resistant depression, end of life despair, and PTSD. Psychedelic psychotherapy, a unique remarriage of biological therapy and psychotherapy, has the potential to transform mental health care.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-09-20", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-022-01363-y", "pubmed_id": "36129571", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-022-01363-y", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36129571\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3126, "title": "Brain dynamics predictive of response to psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "brain dynamics predictive of response to psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Vohryzek J, Cabral J, Lord L, Fernandes H, Roseman L, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R, Deco G, Kringelbach M.", "abstract": "Abstract Psilocybin therapy for depression has started to show promise, yet the underlying causal mechanisms are not currently known. Here we leveraged the differential outcome in responders and non-responders to psilocybin (10mg and 25mg, 7 days apart) therapy for depression - to gain new insights into regions and networks implicated in the restoration of healthy brain dynamics. We used whole-brain modelling to fit the spatiotemporal brain dynamics at rest in both responders and non-responders before treatment. Dynamic sensitivity analysis of systematic perturbation of these models enabled us to identify specific brain regions implicated in a transition from a depressive brain state to a heathy one. Binarizing the sample into treatment responders (> 50% reduction in depressive symptoms) versus non-responders enabled us to identify a subset of regions implicated in this change. Interestingly, these regions correlate with in vivo density maps of serotonin receptors 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A, which psilocin, the active metabolite of psilocybin, has an appreciable affinity for, and where it acts as a full-to-partial agonist. Serotonergic transmission has long been associated with depression and our findings provide causal mechanistic evidence for the role of brain regions in the recovery from depression via psilocybin.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2022-09-19", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-2060381/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2060381/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR548038\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1607, "title": "Towards an understanding of psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity.", "normalized_title": "towards an understanding of psychedelic induced neuroplasticity", "authors": "Calder AE, Hasler G.", "abstract": "Classic psychedelics, such as LSD, psilocybin, and the DMT-containing beverage ayahuasca, show some potential to treat depression, anxiety, and addiction. Importantly, clinical improvements can last for months or years after treatment. It has been theorized that these long-term improvements arise because psychedelics rapidly and lastingly stimulate neuroplasticity. The focus of this review is on answering specific questions about the effects of psychedelics on neuroplasticity. Firstly, we review the evidence that psychedelics promote neuroplasticity and examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind the effects of different psychedelics on different aspects of neuroplasticity, including dendritogenesis, synaptogenesis, neurogenesis, and expression of plasticity-related genes (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor and immediate early genes). We then examine where in the brain psychedelics promote neuroplasticity, particularly discussing the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We also examine what doses are required to produce this effect (e.g., hallucinogenic doses vs. \"microdoses\"), and how long purported changes in neuroplasticity last. Finally, we discuss the likely consequences of psychedelics' effects on neuroplasticity for both patients and healthy people, and we identify important research questions that would further scientific understanding of psychedelics' effects on neuroplasticity and its potential clinical applications.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-09-18", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-022-01389-z", "pubmed_id": "36123427", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01389-z", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Neuronal Plasticity, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36123427\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Microdosing,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4929, "title": "Psilocybin as a healer", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a healer", "authors": "Kavita Golia", "abstract": "This phenomenological research explored the fast-growing societal trend in psilocybin microdosing, whereby a sub-perceptual amount of the psychedelic is consumed regularly. Anecdotal reports of microdosing have suggested that individuals can experience the relief of depressive symptoms, greater creativity and focus, deeper connections, and improvements in several mental health issues. Research on the lived experience of psilocybin microdosing, however, is lacking. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 individuals to explore their lived experiences of microdosing. Seven central themes were observed in most individuals: 1) Mental Health; 2) Dose effects; 3) A feeling of connection to self, nature, or something ‘bigger’; 4) An increase in productivity; 5) An increased state of wellbeing; 6) Navigating problems more effectively; 7) Participants with a musical background experienced an increase in their levels of creativity. By providing support for the use of psilocybin microdosing, the findings are valuable in the growing field of psychedelic research. However, as these purported benefits are based on self-reports, further controlled studies are necessary.", "journal": "Consciousness Spirituality & Transpersonal Psychology", "publication_date": "2022-09-11", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.53074/cstp.2022.37", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.53074/cstp.2022.37", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Creativity, Mental health, Feeling, Perception, Lived experience, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Social psychology, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:56", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4297872378\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4297872378\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W574700118\",\"https://openalex.org/W1859502711\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007524903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2469382216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789213216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889504249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951080359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978867848\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981686921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990036135\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112064661\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149676623\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159653784\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200583144\",\"https://openalex.org/W4281253144\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283719838\",\"https://openalex.org/W6639162959\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015962460\",\"display_name\":\"Kavita Golia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210201389\",\"source_display_name\":\"Consciousness Spirituality & Transpersonal Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.53074/cstp.2022.37\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Creativity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4297872378" }, { "id": 3178, "title": "Effective connectivity of emotion and cognition under psilocybin", "normalized_title": "effective connectivity of emotion and cognition under psilocybin", "authors": "Stoliker D, Novelli L, Vollenweider FX, Egan GF, Preller KH, Razi A.", "abstract": "Classic psychedelics alter sense of self and patterns of self-related thought. These changes are hypothesised to underlie their therapeutic efficacy across internalising pathologies such as addiction and depression. Using resting-state functional MRI images from a randomised, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 24 healthy adults under 0.215mg/kg psilocybin, we investigated how psilocybin modulates the effective connectivity between resting state networks and the amygdala that are involved in the appraisal and regulation of emotion and association with clinical symptoms. The networks included the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and central executive network (CEN). Psilocybin decreased top-down effective connectivity from the resting state networks to the amygdala and decreased effective connectivity within the DMN and SN, while the within CEN effective connectivity increased. Effective connectivity changes were also associated with altered emotion and meaning under psilocybin. Our findings identify changes to cognitive-emotional connectivity associated with the subjective effects of psilocybin and the attenuation of the amygdala signal as a potential biomarker of psilocybin’s therapeutic efficacy.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2022-09-08", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1101/2022.09.06.22279626", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.06.22279626", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR541956\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Default Mode Network,Biomarkers,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1698, "title": "Effects of psilocybin versus escitalopram on rumination and thought suppression in depression.", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin versus escitalopram on rumination and thought suppression in depression", "authors": "Barba T, Buehler S, Kettner H, Radu C, Cunha BG, Nutt DJ, Erritzoe D, Roseman L, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "BackgroundMajor depressive disorder is often associated with maladaptive coping strategies, including rumination and thought suppression.AimsTo assess the comparative effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram, and the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin (COMP360), on rumination and thought suppression in major depressive disorder.MethodBased on data derived from a randomised clinical trial (N = 59), we performed exploratory analyses on the impact of escitalopram versus psilocybin (i.e. condition) on rumination and thought suppression from 1 week before to 6 weeks after treatment inception (i.e. time), using mixed analysis of variance. Condition responder versus non-responder subgroup analyses were also done, using the standard definition of ≥50% symptom reduction.ResultsA time×condition interaction was found for rumination (F(1, 56) = 4.58, P = 0.037) and thought suppression (F(1,57) = 5.88, P = 0.019), with post hoc tests revealing significant decreases exclusively in the psilocybin condition. When analysing via response, a significant time×condition×response interaction for thought suppression (F(1,54) = 8.42, P = 0.005) and a significant time×response interaction for rumination (F(1,54) = 23.50, P < 0.001) were evident. Follow-up tests revealed that decreased thought suppression was exclusive to psilocybin responders, whereas rumination decreased in both responder groups. In the psilocybin arm, decreases in rumination and thought suppression correlated with ego dissolution and session-linked psychological insight.ConclusionsThese data provide further evidence on the therapeutic mechanisms of psilocybin and escitalopram in the treatment of depression.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2022-09-05", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2022.565", "pubmed_id": "36065128", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.565", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36065128\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294808278\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":57,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1534895897\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014891896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030767477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034323533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081064950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2728383199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796377954\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007835064\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157759986\",\"https://openalex.org/W4206700491\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211130665\",\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237812064\",\"https://openalex.org/W4253507931\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300870773\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005427567\",\"display_name\":\"Tommaso Barba\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-4628\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027485819\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Buehler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002649940\",\"display_name\":\"Caterina Radu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6386-8857\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028567759\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi Cunha\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.565\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4294808278" }, { "id": 1520, "title": "Microdosing psilocybin for chronic pain: a case series.", "normalized_title": "microdosing psilocybin for chronic pain a case series", "authors": "Lyes M, Yang KH, Castellanos J, Furnish T.", "abstract": "AbstractPsychedelic serotonergic agonists such as psilocybin have recently been shown to produce sustained benefit in refractory depression, end of life anxiety, and addiction when administered in hallucinogenic doses and coupled with psychotherapy. Although it has been suggested that similar high-dose protocols may help chronic pain conditions, there are few published clinical trials of psychedelics for pain. The use of these agents in subpsychedelic doses for chronic pain management has received even less attention. This case series details the experiences of 3 individuals who have used low-dose psilocybin to manage chronic neuropathic pain. Although the nature and etiology of each patient's pain vary, they share a common experience, including inefficacy of current therapeutics and decreased quality of life. Through self-administration of psilocybin, these patients have achieved robust pain relief with decreased reliance on traditional analgesic medications. Despite varying preparations and uncertain potencies, the analgesic effects for all 3 patients occurred at doses without a psychedelic experience and with minimal cognitive or somatic adverse effects. Furthermore, the efficacy of pain relief and, in some cases, the duration of the effect were magnified when coupled with functional exercise. In addition, in 1 case, repeated dosing seemed to produce increased relief, suggesting a possible long-term plasticity-mediated effect. These commonalities highlight psilocybin's therapeutic potential in the treatment of chronic pain that warrants further investigation.", "journal": "Pain", "publication_date": "2022-09-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002778", "pubmed_id": "36066961", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002778", "keywords": "Humans, Chronic Disease, Analgesics, Hallucinogens, Quality of Life, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36066961\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294804950\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294804950\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":55,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1933122943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965999023\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086009833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164981793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474274656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2751240458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794118706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804789712\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969627127\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023228010\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081126678\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213721934\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200034096\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205164075\",\"https://openalex.org/W6681909555\",\"https://openalex.org/W6755427838\",\"https://openalex.org/W6804381157\",\"https://openalex.org/W6805826762\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063866541\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Lyes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5814-6382\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044401296\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin H. Yang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1451-258X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017645194\",\"display_name\":\"Joel Castellanos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-7260\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000306300\",\"display_name\":\"Timothy Furnish\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4615-3366\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S140848990\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pain\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002778\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Case Report", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4294804950" }, { "id": 3377, "title": "Psychopathological descriptive model of hallucinogenic/psychedelic drugs effect in the treatment of depression and addictions", "normalized_title": "psychopathological descriptive model of hallucinogenic psychedelic drugs effect in the treatment of depression and addictions", "authors": "Girala N.", "abstract": "Introduction There is a growing and renewed interest in the use of hallucinogenic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, especially since the FDA approval of ketamine treatment for resistant depression. The response to hallucinogenic psychedelic substances (ayahuasca, psilocybin, LSD, ketamine) in the treatment of depression and addictions calls for a theoretical explanatory model. Objectives Provide a descriptive / explanatory psychopathological model of the response to treatment with hallucinogenic drugs based on the descriptions of the subjects and the comparison with other extreme life experiences. Methods Relevant published literature on subjective experiences in treatment with hallucinogenic drugs for depression and addictions is reviewed. It is compared with subjective experiences in life changing experiences. Results Intense emotional states, mystical-type experiences including feelings of oneness, transcendence, ineffability, and the complex emotion of awe seem to be consistently presented as psychic elements related to the efficacy of these treatments. The genetic and cultural (memetic) evolutionary value of these emotions in the cohesiveness of human groups and the genesis of affective symptoms, and in the recalibration of cognitions and emotions, is discussed. Conclusions The efficacy of hallucinogenic drugs used in the treatment of depression and addictions is accompanied by complex and varied emotions but with common psychopathological elements that could mediate their action. Disclosure No significant relationships.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9567945", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9567945\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3376, "title": "Exploring Psychedelics and Entactogens as Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders: Proceedings of a Workshop", "normalized_title": "exploring psychedelics and entactogens as treatments for psychiatric disorders proceedings of a workshop", "authors": "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Board on Health Sciences Policy; Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders.", "abstract": "Psychiatric illnesses - such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, substance use disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - are widely prevalent and represent a substantial health burden worldwide. Yet, conventional medications for mental illnesses often fail to provide relief to patients' disruptive and disabling symptoms. Existing and emerging evidence that psychedelics (e.g., LSD and psilocybin) and entactogens (e.g., MDMA) may be useful as tools to alleviate mental illness has sparked a renaissance of interest by investigators, clinicians, drug developers, and patient advocates in recent years. While promising data on therapeutic efficacy has energized research and development, resolving the mechanisms of action will be important for optimizing the efficacy and safety of these medicines. Further, evaluating the effect of psychedelics and entactogens on mood and behavior comes with unique challenges still in need of resolution. These include unresolved questions relating to blinding, placebo and nocebo effects, and the impact of psychosocial contexts. In response to this renewed interest, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders convened a workshop on March 29-30, 2022. The workshop brought together a diverse group of stakeholders to explore the use of psychedelics and entactogens as treatments for psychiatric disorders. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop.", "journal": "National Academies Press (US), Washington (DC)", "publication_date": "2022-08-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "36049038", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36049038", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36049038\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"National Academies Press (US), Washington (DC)\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3169, "title": "Association of Psilocybin Use in Adolescents with Major Depressive Episode", "normalized_title": "association of psilocybin use in adolescents with major depressive episode", "authors": "Shah K, Trivedi C, Kamrai D, Akbar M, Tankersley W.", "abstract": "Introduction Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug found in mushrooms, often referred to as magic mushrooms due to its visual and auditory hallucinations effects upon ingestion. It is a Schedule I drug per DEA, and the FDA has not approved psilocybin for medicinal purposes. However, recent studies have shown promising therapeutic use to treat depression. Objectives To identify current use, prevalence, and its association with depression in adolescents. Methods The National Survey on Drug Use and Health survey data from 2008-18 studied adolescent data (12-17 years), who responded, “ever used psilocybin (mushrooms)” and “lifetime major depressive episode (MDE).” The association between the psilocybin use and MDE status was analyzed in SAS9.4 through multivariate logistic regression for odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results A total of 172745 adolescents were included in this study, of which 2469 ever used psilocybin in their lifetime, and 170276 responded no lifetime use. The psilocybin ever lifetime users were 17 years old (42%vs.17%,p", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9563652", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9563652\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study,Adolescents", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1702, "title": "[The use of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression].", "normalized_title": "the use of psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Johannesdottir A, Sigurdsson E.", "abstract": "The hallucinogen psilocybin is a potential novel treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Our goal is to review current knowledge on psilocybin and its efficacy in TRD. Literature searches were done on PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar, references reviewed in identified articles and other articles found on the website of COMPASS Pathways. Psilocybin treatment consists usually of a single oral administration of 25 mg of psilocybin along with psychological support for 5-8 hours during the ensuing hallucinogenic trip. Common side-effects include headache, nausea, fatigue and insomnia. A systematic review has demonstrated significant antidepressant efficacy in certain groups and a double-blind randomized study found antidepressant efficacy of psilocybin comparable to the SSRI escitalopram. In the phase 2 study of COMPASS Pathways, the psilocybin-COMP360 treatment led to a rapid response and remission as early as three weeks following the treatment for around one third of participants. Recent studies have shown that psilocybin significantly decreases the severity of depressive symptoms and is generally well tolerated. Further research will reveal whether it will be granted a license to treat treatment-resistant depression in the near future. There remains an urgent need for novel treatments for those who do not respond to current antidepressant therapies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.17992/lbl.2022.09.706", "pubmed_id": "36040772", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2022.09.706", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36040772\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Headache / Migraine,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1694, "title": "The Use of Psychedelics in the Treatment of Medical Conditions: An Analysis of Currently Registered Psychedelics Studies in the American Drug Trial Registry.", "normalized_title": "the use of psychedelics in the treatment of medical conditions an analysis of currently registered psychedelics studies in the american drug trial registry", "authors": "Kurtz JS, Patel NA, Gendreau JL, Yang C, Brown N, Bui N, Picton B, Harris M, Hatter M, Beyer R, Sahyouni R, Diaz-Aguilar LD, Castellanos J, Schuster N, Abraham ME", "abstract": "Although early therapeutic research on psychedelics dates back to the 1940s, this field of investigation was met with many cultural and legal challenges in the 1970s. Over the past two decades, clinical trials using psychedelics have resumed. Therefore, the goal of this study was to (1) better characterize the recent uptrend in psychedelics in clinical trials and (2) identify areas where potentially new clinical trials could be initiated to help in the treatment of widely prevalent medical disorders. A systematic search was conducted on the clinicaltrials.gov database for all registered clinical trials examining the use of psychedelic drugs and was both qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. Analysis of recent studies registered in clinicaltrials.gov was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient testing. Statistical analysis and visualization were performed using R software. In totality, 105 clinical trials met this study's inclusion criteria. The recent uptrend in registered clinical trials studying psychedelics (p = 0.002) was similar to the uptrend in total registered clinical trials in the registry (p < 0.001). All trials took place from 2007 to 2020, with 77.1% of studies starting in 2017 or later. A majority of clinical trials were in phase 1 (53.3%) or phase 2 (25.7%). Common disorders treated include substance addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, and major depressive disorder. Potential research gaps include studying psychedelics as a potential option for symptomatic treatment during opioid tapering. There appears to be a recent uptrend in registered clinical trials studying psychedelics, which is similar to the recent increase in overall trials registered. Potentially, more studies could be performed to evaluate the potential of psychedelics for symptomatic treatment during opioid tapering and depression refractory to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.", "journal": "Cureus", "publication_date": "2022-08-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.29167", "pubmed_id": "36259015", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36259015/", "keywords": "clinical trials, major depressive disorder, mdma, post traumatic stress disorder, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36259015\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1168, "title": "Psychedelic Psychiatry", "normalized_title": "psychedelic psychiatry", "authors": "Nutt D.", "abstract": "The last decade has seen a remarkable resurgence of interest in psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin (from magic mushrooms) LSD and DMT (dimethyl tryptamine - the active ingredient of ayahuasca). This has been driven by the discovery that these psychedelics all act agonists of 5-HT2A receptors. Human imaging studies have revealed this action leads to profound alterations in brain measures of activity particularly in terms of increased entropy of EEG MEG and fMRI signals and reduced within-network, but increased between-network, connectivity. In addition they all can increase synaptic growth and brain plasticity. These findings not only explain the subjective nature of the psychedelic experience but also have implications for the treatment of internalising disorders such as depression addiction anorexia and OCD that are characterised by increased within network connectivity especially of the default mode network. Subsequent trials, particularly of psilocybin, in these disorders has revealed significant clinical benefits from even just a single administration. A number of companies have now been set up to extend these discoveries with regulatory-level trials that could result in market authorisations within a few years. My talk will explore these brain mechanisms and clinical data and discuss the potential place of psychedelic medicine in the future of psychiatry. Disclosure I am an advisor to Compass pathways and Beckley Psytec two companies that are developing psychedelics for depression and other psychiatric indications. Several members of my research group receive support from these companies and also from Small Pharma.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9565852", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9565852\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1697, "title": "Skepticism about Recent Evidence That Psilocybin \"Liberates\" Depressed Minds.", "normalized_title": "skepticism about recent evidence that psilocybin liberates depressed minds", "authors": "Doss MK, Barrett FS, Corlett PR.", "abstract": "A recent paper in Nature Medicine found that psilocybin therapy in patients with depression decreased brain network modularity (measured with task-free functional magnetic resonance imaging), an effect supposedly not found with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor S-citalopram. This decrease in network modularity also correlated with depression. Here, we raise several issues with this paper, including inconsistencies in reports of the primary clinical outcome, statistical flaws including a one-tailed test, nonsignificant interaction, and regression to the mean, the ambiguity and overinterpretation of \"resting state\" data, and a missing reference for a conceptually similar study that exemplifies why a one-tailed test cannot be justified. Together, these issues make us question the uniqueness and impact of these findings, as well as the unwarranted media hype that they generated.", "journal": "ACS Chemical Neuroscience", "publication_date": "2022-08-23", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00461", "pubmed_id": "36001741", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00461", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Citalopram, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psilocybin, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36001741\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4293101872\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4293101872\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":21,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1998268694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013758811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024729467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030727443\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035594288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041709533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105031232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128129825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151433332\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165810797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537627674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791860867\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903449135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964532546\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128518091\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3204867366\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200471428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220700329\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220838968\",\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297415453\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084261335\",\"display_name\":\"Manoj K. Doss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2939-2522\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045479268\",\"display_name\":\"Philip R. Corlett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5368-1992\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S180465690\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Chemical Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00461\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4293101872" }, { "id": 1687, "title": "Where do we go next in antidepressant drug discovery? A new generation of antidepressants: a pivotal role of AMPA receptor potentiation and mGlu2/3 receptor antagonism.", "normalized_title": "where do we go next in antidepressant drug discovery a new generation of antidepressants a pivotal role of ampa receptor potentiation and mglu2 3 receptor antagonism", "authors": "Pilc A, Machaczka A, Kawalec P, Smith JL, Witkin JM.", "abstract": "IntroductionMajor depressive disorder remains a prevalent world-wide health problem. Currently available antidepressant medications take weeks of dosing, do not produce antidepressant response in all patients, and have undesirable ancillary effects.Areas coveredThe present opinion piece focuses on the major inroads to the creation of new antidepressants. These include N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and related compounds like ketamine, psychedelic drugs like psilocybin, and muscarinic receptor antagonists like scopolamine. The preclinical and clinical pharmacological profile of these new-age antidepressant drugs is discussed.Expert opinionPreclinical and clinical data have accumulated to predict a next generation of antidepressant medicines. In contrast to the current standard of care antidepressant drugs, these compounds differ in that they demonstrate rapid activity, often after a single dose, and effects that outlive their presence in brain. These compounds also can provide efficacy for treatment-resistant depressed patients. The mechanism of action of these compounds suggests a strong glutamatergic component that involves the facilitation of AMPA receptor function. Antagonism of mGlu2/3 receptors is also relevant to the antidepressant pharmacology of this new class of drugs. Based upon the ongoing efforts to develop these new-age antidepressants, new drug approvals are predicted in the near future.", "journal": "Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery", "publication_date": "2022-08-21", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/17460441.2022.2111415", "pubmed_id": "35934973", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17460441.2022.2111415", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Scopolamine, Receptors, AMPA, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35934973\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4290613434\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4290613434\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":20,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W850398009\",\"https://openalex.org/W1471744102\",\"https://openalex.org/W1484576876\",\"https://openalex.org/W1525839404\",\"https://openalex.org/W1914381346\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964466640\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966625400\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974018894\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109816\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977432854\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978157729\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986641829\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988399235\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991333985\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996780673\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997113206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011804248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017831452\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022236488\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022279290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024942419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024985387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032184432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042166364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049563161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051925083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052605136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052617026\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056272943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057669536\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058805315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060089850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061664301\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062230026\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067166581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069261330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074483296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075352853\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076033624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077532061\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078171419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079106221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088354687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089329356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089351762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092168779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093036934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094297227\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106042714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131722356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131786905\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143648030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144269887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144886680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2240673715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2306150738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2313258300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319679009\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319982487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2333423981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2415443438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2415986446\",\"https://openalex.org/W2436735416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2508555127\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528777034\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2557879850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2606316700\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610214294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2618399463\",\"https://openalex.org/W2635220959\",\"https://openalex.org/W2752088033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2765759410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2787215891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2811304329\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887130912\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888383586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888398116\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889166554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2893556097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900628218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901423929\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901835156\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902748937\",\"https://openalex.org/W2905977615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2909539449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917916000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2922005496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2922048335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935995671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946585706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982430136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988658447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996052033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999514415\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003830815\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007923795\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014355680\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014935233\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015053440\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016734864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3017470760\",\"https://openalex.org/W3030621996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036276724\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043046802\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046957448\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081506076\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082490768\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088001093\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088226621\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093084992\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108229983\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120001383\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120731683\",\"https://openalex.org/W3125391471\",\"https://openalex.org/W3132500005\",\"https://o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Pilc\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4045-0597\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046125337\",\"display_name\":\"Agata Machaczka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-4795\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023818598\",\"display_name\":\"Paweł Kawalec\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0125-0947\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030461360\",\"display_name\":\"Jodi L. Smith\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9145-8548\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090899159\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey M. Witkin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9048-148X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S142541038\",\"source_display_name\":\"Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460441.2022.2111415\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4290613434" }, { "id": 1711, "title": "Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase Regulate Psilocybin Biosynthesis in Gymnopilus dilepis Mushroom via Amino Acid Metabolism Pathways.", "normalized_title": "cystathionine gamma lyase regulate psilocybin biosynthesis in gymnopilus dilepis mushroom via amino acid metabolism pathways", "authors": "Yao S, Wei C, Lin H, Zhang P, Liu Y, Deng Y, Huang Q, Xie B.", "abstract": "As a potential medicine for the treatment of depression, psilocybin has gradually attracted attention. To elucidate the molecular mechanism regulating psilocybin synthesis in Gymnopilus dilepis, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was used to detect the changes in psilocybin content after S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH) treatment and the changes of psilocybin content in different parts (stipe and pileus), and RNA-Seq was used to explore the mechanism of psilocybin content changes. In this study, the psilocybin content in G. dilepis mycelia treated with SAH was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the content of psilocybin in the stipe was significantly higher than that in the pileus. Transcriptome analysis revealed that differential expression genes (DEGs) were associated with cysteine and methionine metabolism. In particular, the transcription levels of genes encoding Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH) in different treatments and different parts were positively correlated with psilocybin content. In addition, we found that the exogenous addition of CTH activity inhibitor (DL-propargylglycine, PAG) could reduce the content of psilocybin and L-serine, and the content of psilocybin and L-serine returned to normal levels after L-cysteine supplementation, suggesting that psilocybin synthesis may be positively correlated with L-cysteine or CTH, and L-cysteine regulates the synthesis of psilocybin by affecting L-serine and 4-hydroxy-L-tryptophan. In conclusion, this study revealed a new molecular mechanism that affects psilocybin biosynthesis, which can provide a theoretical basis for improving psilocybin synthesis and the possibility for the development of biomedicine.", "journal": "Journal of Fungi", "publication_date": "2022-08-17", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/jof8080870", "pubmed_id": "36012858", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8080870", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36012858\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4292248697\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4292248697\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1647276004\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964184380\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038607344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043530175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099103834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107277218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108200368\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133579817\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164154943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2310716645\",\"https://openalex.org/W2370610760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2463137786\",\"https://openalex.org/W2465038948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2518394958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2526216986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2609942353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2738960359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2740456355\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789369625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884472593\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886716211\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903438963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906623365\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952471664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953198950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966798736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972112144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991040164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993991001\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001050919\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027721867\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046134228\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094690508\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120212111\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127271516\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183482591\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199179808\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249501538\",\"https://openalex.org/W4282840960\",\"https://openalex.org/W4283719838\",\"https://openalex.org/W7018203813\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049108696\",\"display_name\":\"Sen Yao\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081026453\",\"display_name\":\"Chuanzheng Wei\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048964666\",\"display_name\":\"Hui Lin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4003-5972\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100364256\",\"display_name\":\"Peng Zhang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4278-0036\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100405029\",\"display_name\":\"Yuanyuan Liu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8107-9731\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047149764\",\"display_name\":\"Youjin Deng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9743-4013\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022138363\",\"display_name\":\"Qianhui Huang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-7519\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049091838\",\"display_name\":\"Baogui Xie\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2192-4168\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2737643958\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Fungi\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8080870\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Transcriptomics", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4292248697" }, { "id": 1608, "title": "The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Task Force Report: Serotonergic Psychedelic Treatments for Major Depressive Disorder.", "normalized_title": "the canadian network for mood and anxiety treatments canmat task force report serotonergic psychedelic treatments for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Rosenblat JD, Husain MI, Lee Y, McIntyre RS, Mansur RB, Castle D, Offman H, Parikh SV, Frey BN, Schaffer A, Greenway KT, Garel N, Beaulieu S, Kennedy SH, Lam RW, Milev R, Ravindran AV, Tourjman V, Ameringen MV, Yatham LN, Taylor V.", "abstract": "ObjectiveSerotonergic psychedelics are re-emerging as potential novel treatments for several psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder. The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) convened a task force to review the evidence and provide a consensus recommendation for the clinical use of psychedelic treatments for major depressive disorder.MethodsA systematic review was conducted to identify contemporary clinical trials of serotonergic psychedelics for the treatment of major depressive disorder and cancer-related depression. Studies published between January 1990 and July 2021 were identified using combinations of search terms, inspection of bibliographies and review of other psychedelic reviews and consensus statements. The levels of evidence for efficacy were graded according to the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments criteria.ResultsOnly psilocybin and ayahuasca have contemporary clinical trials evaluating antidepressant effects. Two pilot studies showed preliminary positive effects of single-dose ayahuasca for treatment-resistant depression (Level 3 evidence). Small randomized controlled trials of psilocybin combined with psychotherapy showed superiority to waitlist controls and comparable efficacy and safety to an active comparator (escitalopram with supportive psychotherapy) in major depressive disorder, with additional randomized controlled trials showing efficacy specifically in cancer-related depression (Level 3 evidence). There was only one open-label trial of psilocybin in treatment-resistant unipolar depression (Level 4 evidence). Small sample sizes and functional unblinding were major limitations in all studies. Adverse events associated with psychedelics, including psychological (e.g., psychotomimetic effects) and physical (e.g., nausea, emesis and headaches) effects, were generally transient.ConclusionsThere is currently only low-level evidence to support the efficacy and safety of psychedelics for major depressive disorder. In Canada, as of 2022, psilocybin remains an experimental option that is only available through clinical trials or the special access program. As such, Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments considers psilocybin an experimental treatment and recommends its use primarily within clinical trials, or, less commonly, through the special access program in rare, special circumstances.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-16", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/07067437221111371", "pubmed_id": "35975555", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437221111371", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Canada, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35975555\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1686, "title": "Psilocybin Efficacy and Mechanisms of Action in Major Depressive Disorder: a Review.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin efficacy and mechanisms of action in major depressive disorder a review", "authors": "Prouzeau D, Conejero I, Voyvodic PL, Becamel C, Abbar M, Lopez-Castroman J.", "abstract": "Purpose of the reviewWe aim to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of depression, as well as its mechanisms of action.Recent findingsPsilocybin has a large, rapid, and persistent clinical effect in the treatment of resistant or end-of-life depression. Tolerance is good, with mild side effects limited to a few hours after dosing. The studies conducted to date have had small sample sizes. One clinical trial has been conducted against a reference treatment (escitalopram) without showing a significant superiority of psilocybin in the main outcome. The neurobiological mechanisms, mostly unknown, differ from those of SSRI antidepressants. Psilocybin represents a promising alternative in the treatment of depression. Further research with larger sample sizes, particularly against reference treatments, is needed to better understand the neurobiological factors of its effects and to investigate its potential for use in everyday practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-11", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s11920-022-01361-0", "pubmed_id": "35953638", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-022-01361-0", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35953638\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1692, "title": "Differences across sexes on head-twitch behavior and 5-HT2A receptor signaling in C57BL/6J mice.", "normalized_title": "differences across sexes on head twitch behavior and 5 ht2a receptor signaling in c57bl 6j mice", "authors": "Jaster AM, Younkin J, Cuddy T, de la Fuente Revenga M, Poklis JL, Dozmorov MG, González-Maeso J.", "abstract": "Psychedelics, also known as classical hallucinogens, affect processes related to perception, cognition and sensory processing mostly via the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR). This class of psychoactive substances, which includes lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, mescaline and the substituted amphetamine 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI), is receiving renewed attention for their potential therapeutic properties as it relates to psychiatric conditions such as depression and substance use disorders. Current studies focused on the potentially clinical effects of psychedelics on human subjects tend to exclude sex as a biological variable. Much of the understanding of psychedelic pharmacology is derived from rodent models, but most of this preclinical research has only focused on male mice. Here we tested the effects of DOI on head-twitch behavior (HTR) - a mouse behavioral proxy of human psychedelic potential - in male and female mice. DOI elicited more HTR in female as compared to male C57BL/6J mice, a sex-specific exacerbated behavior that was not observed in 129S6/SvEv animals. Volinanserin (or M100907) - a 5-HT2AR antagonist - fully prevented DOI-induced HTR in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Accumulation of inositol monophosphate (IP1) in the frontal cortex upon DOI administration showed no sex-related effect in C57BL/6J mice. However, the pharmacokinetic properties of DOI differed among sexes - brain and plasma concentrations of DOI were lower 30 and 60 min after drug administration in female as compared to male C57BL/6J mice. Together, these results suggest strain-dependent and sex-related differences in the behavioral and pharmacokinetic profiles of the 5-HT2AR agonist DOI in C57BL/6J mice, and support the importance of studying sex as a biological variable in preclinical psychedelic research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-08-09", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136836", "pubmed_id": "35963476", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136836", "keywords": "Animals, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Humans, Mice, Serotonin, Amphetamine, Fluorobenzenes, Piperidines, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Behavior, Animal, Female, Male", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35963476\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4291398459" }, { "id": 1651, "title": "The Watts Connectedness Scale: a new scale for measuring a sense of connectedness to self, others, and world.", "normalized_title": "the watts connectedness scale a new scale for measuring a sense of connectedness to self others and world", "authors": "Watts R, Kettner H, Geerts D, Gandy S, Kartner L, Mertens L, Timmermann C, Nour MM, Kaelen M, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R, Roseman L.", "abstract": "RationaleA general feeling of disconnection has been associated with mental and emotional suffering. Improvements to a sense of connectedness to self, others and the wider world have been reported by participants in clinical trials of psychedelic therapy. Such accounts have led us to a definition of the psychological construct of 'connectedness' as 'a state of feeling connected to self, others and the wider world'. Existing tools for measuring connectedness have focused on particular aspects of connectedness, such as 'social connectedness' or 'nature connectedness', which we hypothesise to be different expressions of a common factor of connectedness. Here, we sought to develop a new scale to measure connectedness as a construct with these multiple domains. We hypothesised that (1) our scale would measure three separable subscale factors pertaining to a felt connection to 'self', 'others' and 'world' and (2) improvements in total and subscale WCS scores would correlate with improved mental health outcomes post psychedelic use.ObjectivesTo validate and test the 'Watts Connectedness Scale' (WCS).MethodsPsychometric validation of the WCS was carried out using data from three independent studies. Firstly, we pooled data from two prospective observational online survey studies. The WCS was completed before and after a planned psychedelic experience. The total sample of completers from the online surveys was N = 1226. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed, and construct and criterion validity were tested. A third dataset was derived from a double-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing psilocybin-assisted therapy (n = 27) with 6 weeks of daily escitalopram (n = 25) for major depressive disorder (MDD), where the WCS was completed at baseline and at a 6-week primary endpoint.ResultsAs hypothesised, factor analysis of all WCS items revealed three main factors with good internal consistency. WCS showed good construct validity. Significant post-psychedelic increases were observed for total connectedness scores (η2 = 0.339, p", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-08-07", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06187-5", "pubmed_id": "35939083", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06187-5", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Emotions, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35939083\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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openalex.org/W4256013753\",\"https://openalex.org/W4392993378\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110662235\",\"display_name\":\"Rosalind Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008270587\",\"display_name\":\"Dana Geerts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069610539\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Gandy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2877-6244\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044522468\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Kärtner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055329548\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-377X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073964938\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew M. Nour\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-6184\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06187-5\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4290631853" }, { "id": 4947, "title": "Depression: Psilocybin etwas besser als Escitalopram", "normalized_title": "depression psilocybin etwas besser als escitalopram", "authors": "", "abstract": "Carhart-Harris R, Giribaldi B, Nutt DJ et al. Trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression. N Engl J Med 2021; 384: 1402-1411. doi:10.1056/ NEJMoa2032994", "journal": "Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie", "publication_date": "2022-07-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1055/a-1857-9047", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1857-9047", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Psychology, Art, Psychoanalysis, Philosophy, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4297691226\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4297691226\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210169550\",\"source_display_name\":\"Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1857-9047\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4297691226" }, { "id": 4946, "title": "Med Check: Psilocybin for OCD, Nuplazid Vote, and More", "normalized_title": "med check psilocybin for ocd nuplazid vote and more", "authors": "Terri D’Arrigo", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Med CheckFull AccessMed Check: Psilocybin for OCD, Nuplazid Vote, and MoreTerri D’ArrigoTerri D’ArrigoSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:4 Aug 2022https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.08.8.2AD109 Fast Tracked for Obstructive Sleep ApneaThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has given fast track status to AD109, an investigational oral medication for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, Apnimed announced in June. The FDA fast track is a process designed to facilitate the development of drugs that treat serious conditions and fill an unmet medical need and to expedite their review.AD109 contains the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine and the selective antimuscarinic aroxybutynin. AD109 targets key neurological pathways that cause upper airway obstruction during sleep by activating the upper airway dilator muscles and maintaining an open airway during sleep.In a phase 2 trial of 32 adults with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea, patients who took AD109 experienced less hypoxic burden compared with patients who took placebo. Hypoxic burden is a measure of the total amount of respiratory event-related hypoxemia, or low blood oxygen during sleep. Patients who took AD109 also had fewer episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour of sleep compared with patients who took placebo. Ceruvia to Begin Phase 2 Trial of Psilocybin for OCDThe FDA has accepted Ceruvia Lifesciences’ Investigational New Drug application for a phase 2 clinical trial to determine the efficacy and safety of SYNP-101 (synthetic psilocybin) for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the company announced in June.In the trial, 105 patients with OCD will receive 25 mg of SYNP-101 or the active placebo niacin. The primary endpoint of the trial will be to determine the reduction in OCD symptoms for up to 12 weeks after a single dose of SYNP-101. Researchers will determine the drug’s efficacy using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. FDA Advisory Committee Votes Down Nuplazid for Alzheimer’s PsychosisIn June the FDA Psychopharmacologic Drugs Advisory Committee voted 9 to 3 that available evidence does not support Nuplazid (pimavanserin) for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Alzheimer’s disease psychosis, Acadia Pharmaceuticals announced. The drug is currently approved for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson’s disease psychosis.The company submitted the application in 2020 after the phase 3 HARMONY trial suggested that pimavanserin may reduce the risk of psychosis relapse in patients with common subtypes of dementia including Alzheimer’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson’s disease dementia, vascular dementia, and frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders. However, the advisory committee noted that study’s conclusions about the primary endpoint-the effect of pimavanserin on time to relapse of psychosis-appeared to spring mostly from the results in patients with psychosis from Parkinson’s disease, not Alzheimer’s disease.The advisory committee also questioned the findings of a phase 2 trial of pimavanserin in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The committee said the trial was not well controlled and that more than half of the patients in both the treatment and placebo groups deviated from the trial’s protocol.The FDA does not have to act on the advisory committee’s recommendations, although the agency will consider them in making a decision on whether to approve pimavanserin for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Alzheimer’s disease psychosis. The target date for FDA action is August 4, 2022. AbbVie Submits Supplemental NDA for Qulipta for Migraine PreventionIn June AbbVie announced that it has submitted a supplemental New Drug Application to the FDA to expand the labeling for Qulipta (atogepant) to include prevention of chronic migraine in adults. The drug is currently approved for the preventive treatment of episodic, not chronic, migraine in adults.The submission includes data from the phase 3 PROGRESS trial in patients with chronic migraine, which found that adults with chronic migraine who took the drug experienced fewer monthly migraine days over the course of 12 weeks compared with those who took placebo.In the trial, more than 750 patients with at least a one-year history of chronic migraine were randomized to receive 60 mg of atogepant once a day, 30 mg of atogepant twice a day, or placebo for 12 weeks. All patients had at least 15 headache days with at least eight migraine days in the 28 days before randomization. The trial consisted of two analyses based on regulatory agency feedback in the United States and European Union.The U.S. analysis revealed that patients in the 60 mg and 30 mg atogepant arms experienced a decrease of 6.88 and 7.46 monthly migraine days, respectively, compared with patients in the placebo arm, who experienced a decrease of 5.05 monthly migraine days. The European Union analysis revealed that patients in the 60 mg and 30 mg atogepant arms experienced a decrease of 6.75 and 7.33 monthly migraine days, respectively, compared with patients in the placebo arm, who experienced a decrease of 5.09 monthly migraine days. Zuranolone Promising for Postpartum DepressionZuranolone may reduce symptoms of postpartum depression, the phase 3 SKYLARK Study has found. The results of the study were announced by Sage Therapeutics and Biogen in June.In the trial, 195 women with postpartum depression were randomized to take either 50 mg of zuranolone or placebo once per night for 14 days. On Day 15, scores on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression dropped a mean of 15.6 points among women who took zuranolone compared with a mean decrease in score of 11.6 points among women who took placebo. Women who took zuranolone also experienced greater improvement in their depressive symptoms as measured by the Clinical Global Depression Severity Scale than those who took placebo. ■ ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2022-07-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2022.08.8.2", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.08.8.2", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Placebo, Atomoxetine, Obstructive sleep apnea, Anesthesia, Apnea, Clinical trial, Internal medicine, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Methylphenidate, Hallucinogen, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4289781881\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4289781881\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056763663\",\"display_name\":\"Terri D’Arrigo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.08.8.2\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Headache / Migraine,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4289781881" }, { "id": 1729, "title": "Top Ten Tips Palliative Care Clinicians Should Know About Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Context of Serious Illness.", "normalized_title": "top ten tips palliative care clinicians should know about psychedelic assisted therapy in the context of serious illness", "authors": "Rosa WE, Sager Z, Miller M, Bernstein I, Doerner Rinaldi A, Addicott K, Ljuslin M, Adrian C, Back AL, Beachy J, Bossis AP, Breitbart WS, Cosimano MP, Fischer SM, Guss J, Knighton E, Phelps J, Richards BD, Richards WA, Tulsky JA, Williams MT, Beaussant Y", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is a burgeoning treatment with growing interest across a variety of settings and disciplines. Empirical evidence supports PAT as a novel therapeutic approach that provides safe and effective treatment for people suffering from a variety of diagnoses, including treatment-resistant depression, substance use disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Within the palliative care (PC) field, one-time PAT dosing may lead to sustained reductions in anxiety, depression, and demoralization-symptoms that diminish the quality of life in both seriously ill patients and those at end of life. Despite a well-noted psychedelic renaissance in scholarship and a renewed public interest in the utilization of these medicines, serious illness-specific content to guide PAT applications in hospice and PC clinical settings has been limited. This article offers 10 evidence-informed tips for PC clinicians synthesized through consultation with interdisciplinary and international leading experts in the field with aims to: (1) familiarize PC clinicians and teams with PAT; (2) identify the unique challenges pertaining to this intervention given the current legalities and logistical barriers; (3) discuss therapeutic competencies and considerations for current and future PAT use in PC; and (4) highlight critical approaches to optimize the safety and potential benefits of PAT among patients with serious illness and their caregivers.", "journal": "Journal of palliative medicine", "publication_date": "2022-07-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1089/jpm.2022.0036", "pubmed_id": "35285721", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35285721/", "keywords": "LSD, MDMA, anxiety treatment, demoralization, depression, palliative care, psilocybin, psychedelic-assisted therapy, psychedelics, serious illness", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35285721\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1719, "title": "Antidepressant effects of a psychedelic experience in a large prospective naturalistic sample.", "normalized_title": "antidepressant effects of a psychedelic experience in a large prospective naturalistic sample", "authors": "Nygart VA, Pommerencke LM, Haijen E, Kettner H, Kaelen M, Mortensen EL, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL, Erritzoe D", "abstract": "Over the last two decades, a number of studies have highlighted the potential of psychedelic therapy. However, questions remain to what extend these results translate to naturalistic samples, and how contextual factors and the acute psychedelic experience relate to improvements in affective symptoms following psychedelic experiences outside labs/clinics. The present study sought to address this knowledge gap. Here, we aimed to investigate changes in anxiety and depression scores before versus after psychedelic experiences in naturalistic contexts, and how various pharmacological, extrapharmacological and experience factors related to outcomes. Individuals who planned to undergo a psychedelic experience were enrolled in this online survey study. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline and 2 and 4 weeks post-psychedelic experience, with self-rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR-16) as the primary outcome. To facilitate clinical translation, only participants with depressive symptoms at baseline were included. Sample sizes for the four time points were = 302, = 182, = 155 and = 109, respectively. Relative to baseline, reductions in depressive symptoms were observed at 2 and 4 weeks. A medicinal motive, previous psychedelic use, drug dose and the type of acute psychedelic experience (i.e. specifically, having an emotional breakthrough) were all significantly associated with changes in self-rated QIDS-SR-16. These results lend support to therapeutic potential of psychedelics and highlight the influence of pharmacological and non-pharmacological factors in determining response. Mindful of a potential sample and attrition bias, further controlled and observational longitudinal studies are needed to test the replicability of these findings.", "journal": "Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)", "publication_date": "2022-07-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221101061", "pubmed_id": "35924888", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35924888/", "keywords": "Psychedelics, anxiety, depression, mystical experience, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35924888\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1731, "title": "Psilocybin reduces low frequency oscillatory power and neuronal phase-locking in the anterior cingulate cortex of awake rodents.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin reduces low frequency oscillatory power and neuronal phase locking in the anterior cingulate cortex of awake rodents", "authors": "Golden CT, Chadderton P.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a hallucinogenic compound that is showing promise in the ability to treat neurological conditions such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. There have been several investigations into the neural correlates of psilocybin administration using non-invasive methods, however, there has yet to be an invasive study of the mechanism of action in awake rodents. Using multi-unit extracellular recordings, we recorded local field potential and spiking activity from populations of neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex of awake mice during the administration of psilocybin (2 mg/kg). The power of low frequency bands in the local field potential was found to significantly decrease in response to psilocybin administration, whilst gamma band activity trended towards an increase. The population firing rate was found to increase overall, with just under half of individual neurons showing a significant increase. Psilocybin significantly decreased the level of phase modulation of cells with each neural frequency band except high-gamma oscillations, consistent with a desynchronization of cortical populations. Furthermore, bursting behavior was altered in a subset of cells, with both positive and negative changes in the rate of bursting. Neurons that increased their burst firing following psilocybin administration were highly likely to transition from a phase-modulated to a phase unmodulated state. Taken together, psilocybin reduces low frequency oscillatory power, increases overall firing rates and desynchronizes local neural activity. These findings are consistent with dissolution of the default mode network under psilocybin, and may be indicative of disruption of top-down processing in the acute psychedelic state.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2022-07-25", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-16325-w", "pubmed_id": "35882885", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16325-w", "keywords": "Gyrus Cinguli, Neurons, Animals, Rodentia, Mice, Wakefulness, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35882885\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4287981303\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4287981303\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":45,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W878533373\",\"https://openalex.org/W1037524820\",\"https://openalex.org/W1519977525\",\"https://openalex.org/W1568903867\",\"https://openalex.org/W1603307924\",\"https://openalex.org/W1844018320\",\"https://openalex.org/W1897507705\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968221912\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972869628\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007430976\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012073509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014643576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031255974\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033034887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034208007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036802268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050618347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064029491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069216046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075352853\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082471440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105558714\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112782685\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122335802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135447632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141403390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148545198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156868152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159353177\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159799383\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161263036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163383667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165944199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186584449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082552984\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095530399\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W6829831111\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002925558\",\"display_name\":\"Caroline T. Golden\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2530-3975\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081227506\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Chadderton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6276-1011\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16325-w\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4287981303" }, { "id": 3594, "title": "Evaluation of Psilocybin in Anorexia Nervosa: Safety and Efficacy", "normalized_title": "evaluation of psilocybin in anorexia nervosa safety and efficacy", "authors": "University of California, San Diego", "abstract": "The primary aim of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of one 25 mg dose of psilocybin in participants with anorexia nervosa based on adverse events (AEs), changes in vital signs, electrocardiograms (ECGs) and clinical laboratory tests. The secondary objectives are to explore the efficacy of a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin on eating disorder symptoms and behaviors, body image, anxiety, food related obsessions and rituals, and body weight. Because there are no proven treatments that normalize core symptoms in adult anorexia nervosa, a disorder with high chronicity, many individuals seek out alternative approaches to care. Recent evidence has suggested that anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, and diminished reward or motivation play key roles in the development and maintenance of dysfunctional eating, and poor outcome. In recent years, a growing number of studies have demonstrated the safety and preliminary efficacy of psilocybin in clinical trials for a range of psychiatric illnesses including treatment resistant depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, addiction, and anxiety. Psilocybin may represent a promising new treatment for anorexia nervosa. However, no studies have tested psilocybin in this eating disorder population. Accordingly, this study aims to establish the safety, tolerability and dosing of psilocybin in adult patients with anorexia nervosa, as well as gather pilot data on possible efficacy. For this study, the investigators will recruit adults who currently have a DSM-V diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Participants will undergo medical and psychological screening and those who are deemed eligible will partake in a maximum of 7 study visits, lasting from 4-8 weeks. On dosing day, participants will receive a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin along with psychotherapeutic support, which includes preparation and integration sessions surrounding the experience. There will be a follow-up period of one month following the psilocybin session during which a range of psychological measures (questionnaires and interviews) will be collected.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-07-24", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04661514", "keywords": "Anorexia Nervosa, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04661514\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1688, "title": "Magic Mushrooms - an exploratory look at how mental health professionals feel and think about Psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "magic mushrooms an exploratory look at how mental health professionals feel and think about psilocybin", "authors": "Meyer TD, Meir P, Lex C, Soares JC.", "abstract": "Psilocybin recently received breakthrough status by the FDA for its use in treatment of depression. We therefore investigated mental health professionals' (MHPs) opinions on Psilocybin (n = 155). Overall, attitudes were neutral but self-rated knowledge of Psilocybin was low. The term used in the survey, 'Psilocybin' or 'Magic Mushrooms', did not significantly affect their responses. Some variables (i.e., gender, attitudes towards medical cannabis, and personal history of psychedelic usage) were associated with ratings of Psilocybin. These results provide a baseline of MHPs' thoughts on Psilocybin and what should be considered in the future if it is FDA-approved.", "journal": "Psychiatry Research", "publication_date": "2022-07-15", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114727", "pubmed_id": "35878481", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114727", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Emotions, Mental Health, Psilocybe, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35878481\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4285605468\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4285605468\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":23,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1990949731\",\"https://openalex.org/W2574629194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795926924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810334534\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898783805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944495881\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982452546\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033052133\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135878517\",\"https://openalex.org/W3201625402\",\"https://openalex.org/W6648047672\",\"https://openalex.org/W6779444271\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045023981\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas D. Meyer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4236-7778\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049077087\",\"display_name\":\"Priel Meir\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036206580\",\"display_name\":\"Claudia Lex\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4523-3580\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082192669\",\"display_name\":\"Jair C. Soares\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5628\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S84074229\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatry Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114727\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4285605468" }, { "id": 1736, "title": "Psychedelics, Mystical Experience, and Therapeutic Efficacy: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics mystical experience and therapeutic efficacy a systematic review", "authors": "Ko K, Knight G, Rucker JJ, Cleare AJ.", "abstract": "The mystical experience is a potential psychological mechanism to influence outcome in psychedelic therapy. It includes features such as oceanic boundlessness, ego dissolution, and universal interconnectedness, which have been closely linked to both symptom reduction and improved quality of life. In this review, 12 studies of psychedelic therapy utilizing psilocybin, ayahuasca, or ketamine were analyzed for association between mystical experience and symptom reduction, in areas as diverse as cancer-related distress, substance use disorder, and depressive disorders to include treatment-resistant. Ten of the twelve established a significant association of correlation, mediation, and/or prediction. A majority of the studies are limited, however, by their small sample size and lack of diversity (gender, ethnic, racial, educational, and socioeconomic), common in this newly re-emerging field. Further, 6 out of 12 studies were open-label in design and therefore susceptible to bias. Future studies of this nature should consider a larger sample size with greater diversity and thus representation by use of randomized design. More in-depth exploration into the nature of mystical experience is needed, including predictors of intensity, in order to maximize its positive effects on treatment outcome benefits and minimize concomitant anxiety. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021261752.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-07-11", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2022.917199", "pubmed_id": "35923458", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.917199", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35923458\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mystical Experience,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1652, "title": "Rapid-Response Treatments for Depression and Requests for Physician-Assisted Death: An Ethical Analysis.", "normalized_title": "rapid response treatments for depression and requests for physician assisted death an ethical analysis", "authors": "Berens N, Kim SY.", "abstract": "Depression is common at the end of life, and there is longstanding concern that it may affect terminally ill patients' decisions to request physician-assisted death (PAD). However, it is difficult for clinicians to determine the role of depression in a patient's PAD request. A recent case series described rapid responses to intranasal ketamine in three patients with terminal illness and comorbid depression who had requested PAD. One patient withdrew her request (which, in retrospect, had been driven by her depression) while the others maintained their requests; in all three, the rapid relief clarified the role of depression in the patients' decision-making. In addition to ketamine, there are other emerging rapid-response treatments for depression, including psilocybin with psychological support and functional connectivity-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation. We examine three key ethical implications of such treatments: their role in clarifying the decision-making capacity of depressed patients requesting PAD; the potential tension between the legal definition of irremediability in some jurisdictions and the ethical obligations of clinicians; and the likely obstacles to treatment access and their implications for equal respect for autonomy of patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-07-10", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jagp.2022.07.003", "pubmed_id": "35927119", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2022.07.003", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Suicide, Assisted, Depression, Ethical Analysis, Physicians, Female, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35927119\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Case Report,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1426, "title": "Psilocybin in neuropsychiatry: a review of its pharmacology, safety, and efficacy.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in neuropsychiatry a review of its pharmacology safety and efficacy", "authors": "Dodd S, Norman TR, Eyre HA, Stahl SM, Phillips A, Carvalho AF, Berk M.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a tryptamine alkaloid found in some mushrooms, especially those of the genus Psilocybe. Psilocybin has four metabolites including the pharmacologically active primary metabolite psilocin, which readily enters the systemic circulation. The psychoactive effects of psilocin are believed to arise due to the partial agonist effects at the 5HT2A receptor. Psilocin also binds to various other receptor subtypes although the actions of psilocin at other receptors are not fully explored. Psilocybin administered at doses sufficient to cause hallucinogenic experiences has been trialed for addictive disorders, anxiety and depression. This review investigates studies of psilocybin and psilocin and assesses the potential for use of psilocybin and a treatment agent in neuropsychiatry. The potential for harm is also assessed, which may limit the use of psilocybin as a pharmacotherapy. Careful evaluation of the number needed to harm vs the number needed to treat will ultimately justify the potential clinical use of psilocybin. This field needs a responsible pathway forward.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-07-10", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1017/s1092852922000888", "pubmed_id": "35811423", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852922000888", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:00", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35811423\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1738, "title": "Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression", "authors": "Bosch OG, Halm S, Seifritz E.", "abstract": "This is a narrative review about the role of classic and two atypical psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression. Since the 1990s, psychedelics experience a renaissance in biomedical research. The so-called classic psychedelics include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, mescaline and ayahuasca. Characteristic effects like alterations in sensory perception, as well as emotion- and self-processing are induced by stimulation of serotonin 2A receptors in cortical areas. The new paradigm of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy suggests a therapeutic framework in which a safely conducted psychedelic experience is integrated into a continuous psychotherapeutic process. First randomized, controlled trials with psilocybin show promising efficacy, tolerability, and adherence in the treatment of unipolar depression. On the other hand, classic psychedelics seem to be associated with the induction of mania, which is an important issue to consider for the design of research and clinical protocols. So called atypical psychedelics are a heterogeneous group with overlapping subjective effects but different neurobiological mechanisms. Two examples of therapeutic value in psychiatry are 3,4-methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine (MDMA) and ketamine. Since 2020 the ketamine enantiomer esketamine has been granted international approval for treatment-resistant unipolar depression, and also first evidence exists for the therapeutic efficacy of ketamine in bipolar depression. Whether psychedelics will fulfil current expectations and find their way into broader clinical use will depend on future rigorous clinical trials with larger sample sizes. A well-considered therapeutic and legal framework will be crucial for these substances to create new treatment settings and a potential paradigm shift.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-07-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1186/s40345-022-00265-5", "pubmed_id": "35788817", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40345-022-00265-5", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35788817\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1693, "title": "Psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders", "authors": "da Costa SC, Oesterle T, Rummans TA, Richelson E, Gold M.", "abstract": "Existing pharmacological treatments for psychiatric disorders have demonstrated limited efficacy, delayed onset of action, and significant burden of side effects. Recent findings from human studies with psychedelics have shown promise, demonstrating rapid and sustained clinical benefits of these compounds for a variety of psychiatric disorders. Classical psychedelics have a rich history and some of these compounds have been used in shamanic and spiritual ceremonies for millennia. The psychoactive effects of these drugs, particularly on human consciousness, have generated great scientific curiosity, and early research on psychedelics suggested their clinical benefits for psychiatric conditions, including alcohol use disorders and anxiety and depressive symptoms in terminal illness and life-threatening conditions. Since the 1990s, after a period of dormancy that followed the criminalization of psychedelic drugs since the Controlled Substance Act of 1970, the continued interest in their unique psychoactive effects along with the pursuit for novel and more effective treatments in psychiatry have led to a renewed interest in research on these compounds. While preliminary findings on psychedelics are encouraging, current evidence is still insufficient to support extensive use of these drugs routinely. Long-term safety and efficacy of these compounds remain unclear, and several clinical trials are underway and may add clarity to these questions. Therefore, this article intends to provide an overview of the evidence to date on psychedelic drugs - particularly psilocybin, MDMA, and LSD - for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-07-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.jns.2022.120332", "pubmed_id": "35841696", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2022.120332", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35841696\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Consciousness,Aging,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3131, "title": "Brain dynamics predictive of response to psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "brain dynamics predictive of response to psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Vohryzek J, Cabral J, Lord L, Fernandes HM, Roseman L, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL, Deco G, Kringelbach ML.", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy for depression has started to show promise, yet the underlying causal mechanisms are not currently known. Here we leveraged the differential outcome in responders and non-responders to psilocybin (10mg and 25mg, 7 days apart) therapy for depression - to gain new insights into regions and networks implicated in the restoration of healthy brain dynamics. We used whole-brain modelling to fit the spatiotemporal brain dynamics at rest in both responders and non-responders before treatment. Dynamic sensitivity analysis of systematic perturbation of these models enabled us to identify specific brain regions implicated in a transition from a depressive brain state to a heathy one. Binarizing the sample into treatment responders (>50% reduction in depressive symptoms) versus non-responders enabled us to identify a subset of regions implicated in this change. Interestingly, these regions correlate with in vivo density maps of serotonin receptors 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A, which psilocin, the active metabolite of psilocybin, has an appreciable affinity for, and where it acts as a full-to-partial agonist. Serotonergic transmission has long been associated with depression and our findings provide causal mechanistic evidence for the role of brain regions in the recovery from depression via psilocybin.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2022-07-03", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1101/2022.06.30.497950", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.06.30.497950", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR521801\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3384, "title": "Synapses, predictions, and prediction errors: a neocortical computational study of MDD using the temporal memory algorithm of HTM", "normalized_title": "synapses predictions and prediction errors a neocortical computational study of mdd using the temporal memory algorithm of htm", "authors": "Sherif MA, Khalil MZ, Shukla R, Brown JC, Carpenter LL.", "abstract": "Background Synapses and spines are central in major depressive disorder (MDD) pathophysiology, recently highlighted by ketamine’s and psilocybin’s rapid antidepressant effects. The Bayesian brain and interoception perspectives formalize MDD as being “stuck” in affective states constantly predicting negative energy balance. We examined how synaptic atrophy relates to the predictive function of the neocortex and thus to symptoms, using temporal memory (TM), an unsupervised machine-learning algorithm. TM represents a single neocortical layer, learns in real-time using local Hebbian-learning rules, and extracts and predicts temporal sequences. Methods We trained a TM model on random sequences of upper-case alphabetical letters, representing sequences of affective states. To model depression, we progressively destroyed synapses in the TM model and examined how that affected the predictive capacity of the network. Results Destroying 50% of the synapses slightly reduced the number of predictions, followed by a marked drop with further destruction. However, reducing the synapses by 25% dropped the confidence in the predictions distinctly. So even though the network was making accurate predictions, the network was no longer confident about these predictions. Conclusions These findings explain how interoceptive cortices could be stuck in limited affective states with high prediction error. Growth of new synapses, e.g., with ketamine and psilocybin, would allow representing more futuristic predictions with higher confidence. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use the TM model to connect changes happening at synaptic levels to the Bayesian formulation of psychiatric symptomatology, making it possible to understand treatment mechanisms and possibly, develop new treatments. Graphical abstract", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2022-07-02", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1101/2022.06.29.498015", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.06.29.498015", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR513414\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3187, "title": "A Bayesian Reanalysis of a Trial of Psilocybin versus Escitalopram for Depression", "normalized_title": "a bayesian reanalysis of a trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Nayak SM, Bari BA, Yaden DB, Spriggs MJ, Rosas F, Peill JM, Giribaldi B, Erritzoe D, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Objectives: To perform a Bayesian reanalysis of a recent trial of psilocybin (COMP360) versus escitalopram for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in order to provide a more informative interpretation of the indeterminate outcome of a previous frequentist analysis. Design: Reanalysis of a two-arm double-blind placebo controlled trial.Participants: Fifty-nine patients with MDD.Interventions: Two doses of psilocybin 25mg and daily oral placebo versus daily escitalopram and 2 doses of psilocybin 1mg, with psychological support for both groups.Outcome measures: Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS SR-16), and three other depression scales as secondary outcomes: HAMD-17, MADRS, and BDI-1A. Results: Using Bayes factors and ‘skeptical priors’ which bias estimates towards zero, for the hypothesis that psilocybin is superior by any margin, we found indeterminate evidence for QIDS SR-16, strong evidence for BDI-1A and MADRS, and extremely strong evidence for HAMD-17. For the stronger hypothesis that psilocybin is superior by a ‘clinically meaningful amount’ (using literature defined values of the minimally clinically important difference), we found moderate evidence against it for QIDS SR-16, indeterminate evidence for BDI-1A and MADRS, and moderate evidence supporting it for HAMD-17. Furthermore, across the board we found extremely strong evidence for psilocybin’s non-inferiority versus escitalopram. These findings were robust to prior sensitivity analysis. Conclusions: This Bayesian reanalysis supports the following inferences: 1) that psilocybin did indeed outperform escitalopram in this trial, but not to an extent that was clinically meaningful--and 2) that psilocybin is almost certainly non-inferior to escitalopram. The present results provide a more precise and nuanced interpretation to previously reported results from this trial, and support the need for further research into the relative efficacy of psilocybin therapy for depression with respect to current leading treatments.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-06-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/sb5ur", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/sb5ur", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR512763\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1748, "title": "Psychedelic-inspired approaches for treating neurodegenerative disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic inspired approaches for treating neurodegenerative disorders", "authors": "Saeger HN, Olson DE", "abstract": "Psychedelics are increasingly being recognized for their potential to treat a wide range of brain disorders including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance use disorder. Their broad therapeutic potential might result from an ability to rescue cortical atrophy common to many neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases by impacting neurotrophic factor gene expression, activating neuronal growth and survival mechanisms, and modulating the immune system. While the therapeutic potential of psychedelics has not yet been extended to neurodegenerative disorders, we provide evidence suggesting that approaches based on psychedelic science might prove useful for treating these diseases. The primary target of psychedelics, the 5-HT receptor, plays key roles in cortical neuron health and is dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, evidence suggests that psychedelics and related compounds could prove useful for treating the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). While more research is needed to probe the effects of psychedelics in models of neurodegenerative diseases, the robust effects of these compounds on structural and functional neuroplasticity and inflammation clearly warrant further investigation.", "journal": "Journal of neurochemistry", "publication_date": "2022-06-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1111/jnc.15544", "pubmed_id": "34816433", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34816433/", "keywords": "Alzheimer's disease, BPSD, ayahuasca, frontotemporal dementia, neurodegeneration, neuroplasticity, psilocybin, psychedelic, psychoplastogen", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"34816433\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1740, "title": "Self-administration of Psilocybin in the Setting of Treatment-resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "self administration of psilocybin in the setting of treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Lyons A.", "abstract": "BackgroundPatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) who fail to respond to two or more antidepressants are often considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Many of the current options for TRD have significant side effect profiles, are expensive, and are difficult to access. There has been a revival of psychedelic research in recent years that shows promising results in the treatment of TRD.Case presentationHere, the case of a 43-year-old man with TRD is presented. TRD symptoms were greatly interfering with his life. He underwent psychological testing, lab work, adequate trials of numerous medications, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and electroconvulsive therapy, all without adequate relief of his symptoms. The patient began self-administering a microdosing regimen of psilocybin and experienced significant improvement of MDD symptoms, as characterized by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).DiscussionIn recent years, multiple randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) have shown the benefit of psilocybin in the treatment of varying types of depression. One trial evaluated psilocybin and escitalopram as treatments for depression, and psilocybin was found to be superior.ConclusionThis case suggests the possible benefit of psilocybin in the setting of TRD, as outlined in recent research. Additional research is needed to confirm these observations.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2022-06-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "36204170", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36204170", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36204170\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4303509980\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4303509980\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":8,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1987450364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159237900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912280329\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126713177\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068352258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashley Lyons\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6804-2106\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36204170\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4303509980" }, { "id": 1540, "title": "A Bayesian Reanalysis of a Trial of Psilocybin versus Escitalopram for Depression", "normalized_title": "a bayesian reanalysis of a trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Objectives: To perform a Bayesian reanalysis of a recent trial of psilocybin (COMP360) versus escitalopram for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in order to provide a more informative interpretation of the indeterminate outcome of a previous frequentist analysis. Design: Reanalysis of a two-arm double-blind placebo controlled trial. Participants: Fifty-nine patients with MDD. Interventions: Two doses of psilocybin 25mg and daily oral placebo versus daily escitalopram and 2 doses of psilocybin 1mg, with psychological support for both groups. Outcome measures: Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS SR-16), and three other depression scales as secondary outcomes: HAMD-17, MADRS, and BDI-1A. Results: Using Bayes factors and ‘skeptical priors’ which bias estimates towards zero, for the hypothesis that psilocybin is superior by any margin, we found indeterminate evidence for QIDS SR-16, strong evidence for BDI-1A and MADRS, and extremely strong evidence for HAMD-17. For the stronger hypothesis that psilocybin is superior by a ‘clinically meaningful amount’ (using literature defined values of the minimally clinically important difference), we found moderate evidence against it for QIDS SR-16, indeterminate evidence for BDI-1A and MADRS, and moderate evidence supporting it for HAMD-17. Furthermore, across the board we found extremely strong evidence for psilocybin’s non-inferiority versus escitalopram. These findings were robust to prior sensitivity analysis. Conclusions: This Bayesian reanalysis supports the following inferences: 1) that psilocybin did indeed outperform escitalopram in this trial, but not to an extent that was clinically meaningful--and 2) that psilocybin is almost certainly non-inferior to escitalopram. The present results provide a more precise and nuanced interpretation to previously reported results from this trial, and support the need for further research into the relative efficacy of psilocybin therapy for depression with respect to current leading treatments.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-06-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/sb5ur_v1", "keywords": "bayesian statistics, depression, psilocybin, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"sb5ur_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4952, "title": "Psilocybin microdosers demonstrate greater observed improvements in mood and mental health at one month relative to non-microdosing controls", "normalized_title": "psilocybin microdosers demonstrate greater observed improvements in mood and mental health at one month relative to non microdosing controls", "authors": "Joseph M. Rootman, Maggie Kiraga, Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P.C. Kuypers, Zach Walsh", "abstract": "", "journal": "VIUspace", "publication_date": "2022-06-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.25316/ir-20556", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.25316/ir-20556", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mood, Mental health, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Medicine, Psychomotor learning, Clinical psychology, Major depressive disorder, Psychotomimetic, Bipolar disorder, Profile of mood states, Anhedonia, Observational study, Depression (economics), Imipramine, Mood disorders, Augment, Mania, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125943988\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7125943988\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124138898\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph M. Rootman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013988235\",\"display_name\":\"Maggie Kiraga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063782496\",\"display_name\":\"Pamela Kryskow\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0310-0368\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124110626\",\"display_name\":\"Kalin Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061363389\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Stamets\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1319-6914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124100286\",\"display_name\":\"Eesmyal Santos-Brault\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124104403\",\"display_name\":\"Kim P.C. Kuypers\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5124099930\",\"display_name\":\"Zach Walsh\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407053270\",\"source_display_name\":\"VIUspace\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.25316/ir-20556\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Observational Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7125943988" }, { "id": 3653, "title": "Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Assessing the Efficacy of Micro-dosed Psilocybin in Reducing Anxiety and or Depression Levels in Adults", "normalized_title": "randomized double blind placebo controlled assessing the efficacy of micro dosed psilocybin in reducing anxiety and or depression levels in adults", "authors": "Wake Network, Inc.", "abstract": "To investigate the efficacy of a 16 week treatment with PSIL428 patient reported anxiety levels in otherwise healthy individuals suffering from depression and or anxiety symptoms. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessing the efficacy of micro-dosed psilocybin on reducing anxiety and/or depression levels in adults Study summary: The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation reported that Anxiety disorders currently affect an estimated 275 million people worldwide, about one in 13 people (7.3 percent). COVID-19 has accelerated the rate of new anxiety diagnoses and exacerbated pre-existing diagnoses of anxiety in individuals worldwide. The effectiveness of full dose psilocybin for treatment of anxiety and depression has been shown in a number of clinical trials. While there is a significant evidence of clinical efficacy of full dose psilocybin, acute effects of the dose result in a significant impairment - perceptual and sensory distortions incapacitating the patient for the duration of drug activity. Recent work suggests while not producing perceptual changes, micro-dosing may indeed be associated with improved mood and enhanced well-being. The practice of micro-dosing is gaining popularity in the general population, while clinical data on its safety and efficacy is lacking. This will be a novel randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aimed at establishment of safety and anxiolytic efficacy of psilocybin PSIL428 administered in a micro-dosing regimen (2-5% of a full therapeutic dose) to adults suffering from depression or anxiety. The primary outcome of this study is the change in anxiety and/or depression levels from screening to week 16. Participant anxiety levels will be monitored through Beck Anxiety inventory, depression levels - through Beck Depression Inventory forms on a bi-weekly basis across the course of the study. Study Drug PSIL428 is an experimental intervention and the active ingredient psilocybin is botanically derived. Similar interventions are currently undergoing Phase IIb/III clinical trials in international jurisdictions. It is being assessed for treatment of depressive disorders. Typically psilocybin used in full therapeutic doses associated with significant acute adverse effects. The proposed trial would utilize psilocybin in different dosing regimen - as micro-dosing - ingesting of sub-perceptual doses of the drug equal to 2-10% of the full dose. The micro-dosing practice is gaining significant popularity world-wide, however evidence-based data around it is minimal. Risks and benefits associated with the trial are not definitively established, however existing pre-clinical and clinical data around full-dose use of the drug carries a favorable risk-benefit potential. The trial will be conducted in accordance with the most recently acceptable version of the Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice (GCP) according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and applicable Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). The trial will be conducted under a protocol reviewed and approved by an IRB; the trial will be conducted by scientifically and medically qualified persons; the benefits of the study are in proportion to the risks; the rights and welfare of the subjects will be respected; each subject will give his or her written informed consent before any protocol-driven tests or evaluations are performed. The investigators are responsible for obtaining informed consent in adherence to GCP and according to applicable regulations prior to entering the subject into the trial. A positive change in Beck Anxiety and/or Beck Depression numeric levels between PSIL428 and placebo groups will mark our primary outcome achievement of confirming beneficial effects of micro-dose-administered psilocybin on study participants' overall anxiety and/or depression levels", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-06-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04989972", "keywords": "Anxiety and Depression, PSIL428, Oyster mushroom, WITHDRAWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04989972\",\"overall_status\":\"WITHDRAWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3381, "title": "Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: Past, present, and future", "normalized_title": "neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development past present and future", "authors": "Wall M, Harding R, Zafar R, Rabiner EA, Nutt D, Erritzoe D.", "abstract": "Psychedelic therapy (PT) is an emerging paradigm with great transdiagnostic potential for treating a range of psychiatric disorders, including depression, addiction, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and others. ‘Classic’ serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), form the main focus of this movement, but other substances including ketamine, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and ibogaine also hold promise. The development of these novel treatment modalities in the early 21st century has occurred concurrently with the wider use of advanced human neuroscientific research methods; principally neuroimaging. This has enabled assessment of drug and therapy brain effects with greater precision and quantification than any previous novel development in psychiatric pharmacology. We outline some of the major trends in existing data and suggest that the modern development of PT has benefitted greatly from the use of neuroimaging. Important gaps in existing knowledge are identified which can be addressed by future neuroimaging work, principally using combined Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods, plus other adjunct techniques. Suggestions for future multimodal imaging studies are discussed, which would resolve some of these questions and provide a firmer foundation for the development of PT.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-06-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/xwu4j", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/xwu4j", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR512207\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Aging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1383, "title": "Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: Past, present, and future", "normalized_title": "neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development past present and future", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psychedelic therapy (PT) is an emerging paradigm with great transdiagnostic potential for treating a range of psychiatric disorders, including depression, addiction, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and others. ‘Classic’ serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), form the main focus of this movement, but other substances including ketamine, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and ibogaine also hold promise. The development of these novel treatment modalities in the early 21st century has occurred concurrently with the wider use of advanced human neuroscientific research methods; principally neuroimaging. This has enabled assessment of drug and therapy brain effects with greater precision and quantification than any previous novel development in psychiatric pharmacology. We outline some of the major trends in existing data and suggest that the modern development of PT has benefitted greatly from the use of neuroimaging. Important gaps in existing knowledge are identified which can be addressed by future neuroimaging work, principally using combined Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods, plus other adjunct techniques. Suggestions for future multimodal imaging studies are discussed, which would resolve some of these questions and provide a firmer foundation for the development of PT.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-06-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/xwu4j_v1", "keywords": "fMRI, Ketamine, LSD, MDMA, Neuroimaging, PET, Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"xwu4j_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Aging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1754, "title": "Three Naturally-Occurring Psychedelics and Their Significance in the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders.", "normalized_title": "three naturally occurring psychedelics and their significance in the treatment of mental health disorders", "authors": "Vorobyeva N, Kozlova AA.", "abstract": "Classical psychedelics represent a family of psychoactive substances with structural similarities to serotonin and affinity for serotonin receptors. A growing number of studies have found that psychedelics can be effective in treating various psychiatric conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Mental health disorders are extremely prevalent in the general population constituting a major problem for the public health. There are a wide variety of interventions for mental health disorders, including pharmacological therapies and psychotherapies, however, treatment resistance still remains a particular challenge in this field, and relapse rates are also quite high. In recent years, psychedelics have become one of the promising new tools for the treatment of mental health disorders. In this review, we will discuss the three classic serotonergic naturally occurring psychedelics, psilocybin, ibogaine, and N, N-dimethyltryptamine, focusing on their pharmacological properties and clinical potential. The purpose of this article is to provide a focused review of the most relevant research into the therapeutic potential of these substances and their possible integration as alternative or adjuvant options to existing pharmacological and psychological therapies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-06-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2022.927984", "pubmed_id": "35837277", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.927984", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35837277\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1753, "title": "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-Assisted Therapy in Hawaii: A Brief Review.", "normalized_title": "3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine mdma assisted therapy in hawaii a brief review", "authors": "Inouye A, Wolfgang A.", "abstract": "The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted breakthrough therapy status to 3,4-methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine-assisted therapy (MDMA-AT) in 2017 due to preliminary evidence supporting its efficacy and safety in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A series of six phase-II clinical trials studying MDMA-AT for treatment-resistant PTSD found that 54% of MDMA-AT full-dose participants no longer met the diagnosis of PTSD after two MDMA sessions, compared to 23% in the control group. In the first phase-III clinical trial, 67% no longer met the criteria for PTSD after three sessions. The effects are durable, with 67% no longer diagnosable after one year and 74% at nearly four years. The MDMA-AT is being fast-tracked for potential FDA approval by 2023. In 2021, Hawaii's Senate Bill 738 unsuccessfully proposed that psilocybin be removed from the Schedule I controlled substances list due to its clinical efficacy for major depressive disorder. Methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine is also a Schedule I controlled substance and has proven to be a treatment option that could potentially benefit the people of Hawaii.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-06-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.26402", "pubmed_id": "35915689", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.26402", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35915689\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1609, "title": "Sustained effects of single doses of classical psychedelics in humans.", "normalized_title": "sustained effects of single doses of classical psychedelics in humans", "authors": "Knudsen GM.", "abstract": "The serotonergic classical psychedelics include compounds that primarily activate the brain's serotonin 2 A receptor (5-HT2AR), such as LSD, psilocybin, and DMT (ayahuasca). The acute effects of these compounds are well-known as are their ability to increase the emotional state both in healthy people and in those with neuropsychiatric disorders. In particular psilocybin, the psychoactive constituent in \"magic mushrooms\", has shown great potential for treatment of anxiety and depression. A unique and compelling feature of psychedelics is that intake of just a single psychedelic dose is associated with long-lasting effects. This includes effects on personality, e.g., higher openness, and amelioration of depressive symptoms. This review focuses on these stunning effects and summarizes our current knowledge on which behavioral, biochemical, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological data support that the intriguing effects of psychedelics on the human brain and mind are based on neural plasticity. The review also points to so far understudied areas and suggests research questions to be addressed in future studies which potentially can help to understand the intriguing long-term effects after intake of a single (or a few) psychedelic doses.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-06-20", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-022-01361-x", "pubmed_id": "35729252", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01361-x", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Personality, Anxiety Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35729252\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1551, "title": "[Attitudes of Mental Health Experts Towards Psilocybin].", "normalized_title": "attitudes of mental health experts towards psilocybin", "authors": "Schmidt C, Wolff M, Gründer G, Jungaberle H.", "abstract": "ObjectiveIn recent years, studies investigating the use of psilocybin to treat mental disorders have shown promising results. In this context, this online survey investigated attitudes of trained psychiatrists and psychotherapists towards psilocybin and psilocybin-assisted therapies.Materials and methodsA total of 530 valid responses from individuals with suitable job profiles were collected in this online survey. Statistical analysis was used to identify relevant predictors of attitude measures.ResultsThe opinions of experts in the treatment of mental disorders with psilocybin and psilocybin-assisted therapies varied widely, and the level of knowledge of the participants to some extent was low. A large number of participants considered treatment of mental disorders with psilocybin to be promising and treatment of depression with psilocybin was seen as promising by the majority of the participants. The results of this study suggest that a higher level of knowledge about psilocybin is associated with more optimistic views about its use in a therapeutic setting. Having additional scientific information led in some cases to more optimistic attitudes towards psilocybin and the use of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders.ConclusionIf the scientific and public discourse on psilocybin continues to grow in the future, changes in the attitudes of psychotherapists and psychiatrists can be expected.", "journal": "Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2022-06-19", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1055/a-1846-1161", "pubmed_id": "35724682", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1846-1161", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Attitude, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35724682\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4283204986\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4283204986\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2015666695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047142410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106188235\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129290879\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232380332\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101537090\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher W. Schmidt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-0660\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075794355\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-9633\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001710309\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S5647071\",\"source_display_name\":\"Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1846-1161\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4283204986" }, { "id": 1758, "title": "Effect of Psilocybin and Ketamine on Brain Neurotransmitters, Glutamate Receptors, DNA and Rat Behavior.", "normalized_title": "effect of psilocybin and ketamine on brain neurotransmitters glutamate receptors dna and rat behavior", "authors": "Wojtas A, Bysiek A, Wawrzczak-Bargiela A, Szych Z, Majcher-Maślanka I, Herian M, Maćkowiak M, Gołembiowska K.", "abstract": "Clinical studies provide evidence that ketamine and psilocybin could be used as fast-acting antidepressants, though their mechanisms and toxicity are still not fully understood. To address this issue, we have examined the effect of a single administration of ketamine and psilocybin on the extracellular levels of neurotransmitters in the rat frontal cortex and reticular nucleus of the thalamus using microdialysis. The genotoxic effect and density of glutamate receptor proteins was measured with comet assay and Western blot, respectively. An open field test, light-dark box test and forced swim test were conducted to examine rat behavior 24 h after drug administration. Ketamine (10 mg/kg) and psilocybin (2 and 10 mg/kg) increased dopamine, serotonin, glutamate and GABA extracellular levels in the frontal cortex, while psilocybin also increased GABA in the reticular nucleus of the thalamus. Oxidative DNA damage due to psilocybin was observed in the frontal cortex and from both drugs in the hippocampus. NR2A subunit levels were increased after psilocybin (10 mg/kg). Behavioral tests showed no antidepressant or anxiolytic effects, and only ketamine suppressed rat locomotor activity. The observed changes in neurotransmission might lead to genotoxicity and increased NR2A levels, while not markedly affecting animal behavior.", "journal": "International Journal of Molecular Sciences", "publication_date": "2022-06-15", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/ijms23126713", "pubmed_id": "35743159", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126713", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Rats, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Ketamine, Receptors, Glutamate, DNA, Neurotransmitter Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Behavior, Animal, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35743159\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4283011889\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":108,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W22529605\",\"https://openalex.org/W289503551\",\"https://openalex.org/W1543276710\",\"https://openalex.org/W1667725090\",\"https://openalex.org/W1914381346\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976392245\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977268054\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984615306\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993254026\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993254538\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995331365\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005405042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007011615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012077435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026246966\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030401640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034894507\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047397795\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048184801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074270863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079092936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079106221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083534769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085598752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087542866\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091064555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091363925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093643387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104320372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114770633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143649581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2239285493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2276857175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2291443053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2303081189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2415443438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528777034\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608784747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762750184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800586210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2805963939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902421877\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933289315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938807468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966617845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981345776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991582092\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010673072\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013737540\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3030621996\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110821178\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113989724\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139279914\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159527943\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164016075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179564313\",\"https://openalex.org/W3205085416\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207449839\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210474529\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210625095\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214937728\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220790353\",\"https://openalex.org/W6727994099\",\"https://openalex.org/W6775073274\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067587745\",\"display_name\":\"Adam Wojtas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7785-8396\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022505011\",\"display_name\":\"Agnieszka Bysiek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069011269\",\"display_name\":\"Agnieszka Wawrzczak-Bargieła\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9051-8369\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030419325\",\"display_name\":\"Zuzanna Szych\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067063330\",\"display_name\":\"Iwona Majcher-Maślanka\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-5582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001590211\",\"display_name\":\"Monika Herian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-0322\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061387141\",\"display_name\":\"Marzena Maćkowiak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6056-9595\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053954553\",\"display_name\":\"Krystyna Gołembiowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-1394\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S10623703\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Molecular Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126713\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4283011889" }, { "id": 1759, "title": "Validation of the forced swim test in Drosophila, and its use to demonstrate psilocybin has long-lasting antidepressant-like effects in flies.", "normalized_title": "validation of the forced swim test in drosophila and its use to demonstrate psilocybin has long lasting antidepressant like effects in flies", "authors": "Hibicke M, Nichols CD.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has been shown to be a powerful, long-lasting antidepressant in human clinical trials and in rodent models. Although rodents have commonly been used to model psychiatric disorders, Drosophila have neurotransmitter systems similar to mammals and many comparable brain structures involved in similar behaviors. The forced swim test (FST), which has been used extensively to evaluate compounds for antidepressant efficacy, has recently been adapted for Drosophila. The fly FST has potential to be a cost-effective, high-throughput assay for evaluating potential antidepressants. For this study we pharmacologically validated the fly FST using methamphetamine, DL-α-methyltyrosine, and the antidepressant citalopram. While methamphetamine and DL-α-methyltyrosine altered overall locomotor activity in the Drosophila Activity Monitor System (DAMS), they had no significant impact on measures of immobility in the FST. Conversely, chronic citalopram decreased measures of immobility in the FST in both sexes without increasing DAMS activity. We used the validated FST to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of high (3.5 mM) and low (0.03 mM) doses of psilocybin. Both doses of psilocybin significantly reduced measures of immobility in male flies, but not females. 0.03 mM had an effect size comparable to chronic citalopram, and 3.5 mM had an effect size approximately twice that of chronic citalopram.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2022-06-14", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-14165-2", "pubmed_id": "35705666", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14165-2", "keywords": "Animals, Mammals, Humans, Drosophila, Methamphetamine, Citalopram, alpha-Methyltyrosine, Antidepressive Agents, Motor Activity, Swimming, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35705666\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4282963889\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4282963889\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":25,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1558137567\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971510748\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005526530\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011685750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013598219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014237500\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020727025\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022460284\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029402435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045076787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075235229\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089299823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124957478\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128126778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134295642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143608139\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169891500\",\"https://openalex.org/W2265778325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2306654525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2400586890\",\"https://openalex.org/W2400665110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2529339498\",\"https://openalex.org/W2531323081\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596554562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626084998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804926955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943374329\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974412836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980349585\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009608926\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105750152\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229805339\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008298741\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan Hibicke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9394-9789\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062966169\",\"display_name\":\"Charles D. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-0646\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14165-2\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4282963889" }, { "id": 4961, "title": "Neuropharmacological analysis of the anti-addictive and therapeutic effects of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "neuropharmacological analysis of the anti addictive and therapeutic effects of psilocybin", "authors": "Anthony Principe", "abstract": "This review presents a general background of psilocybin pharmacology and discusses its uses in treating various mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. A summary of preliminary clinical trials utilizing psilocybin in each disorder is presented, along with an analysis of the neurobiological mechanisms that could explain the results. The purpose of this review is to collect and analyze neuropharmacological data and form an understanding of the possible mechanisms underlying psilocybin’s long-term positive effects in those suffering from various mental health disorders. Psilocybin may be a crucial tool in altering the neurofunctional anatomy that is the pathological core of various mental health disorders. A ‘reset’ of these neurological connections could be the basis of psilocybin treatment and may perhaps inspire a novel foundation of neurological medical intervention in mental health disorders.", "journal": "SURG Journal", "publication_date": "2022-05-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Addiction, Anxiety, Psychology, Psychiatry, Mental health, Obsessive compulsive, Intervention (counseling), Psychotherapist, Medicine, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281736251\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281736251\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W64958025\",\"https://openalex.org/W1846321575\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969125125\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978891587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989757811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001484935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011245371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017360110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038786381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061730652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074483296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081150698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086236919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107557962\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129253531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129340715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137664913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161050830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2177154801\",\"https://openalex.org/W2179754385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2235823035\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325207359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2471155830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2491859250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581084710\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757437757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943435823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2995066639\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025954068\",\"https://openalex.org/W3029566839\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093676138\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112525124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3143773781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210615564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238995000\",\"https://openalex.org/W4246897216\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054287524\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony Principe\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764695670\",\"source_display_name\":\"SURG Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4281736251" }, { "id": 4959, "title": "The safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder.", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder", "authors": "Manish Agrawal, Paul Thambi, Sarah Shnayder", "abstract": "12097 Background: More than 17 million people in the U.S. live with cancer and up to 25% of them have major depression. Depression leads to lower treatment adherence, reduced quality of life, and higher rates of mortality in cancer. Yet, interventions used to treat depression in patients with cancer have limited success. Prior trials using psilocybin to treat anxiety and depression associated with cancer suggested improvements in psychological distress. However, treatment in a homogenous psychiatric sample has yet to be investigated. Further, psilocybin has not been given in groups, and in a setting conducive to the “whole person” approach to treatment. This trial built upon previous studies and tested the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of psilocybin therapy in cancer patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), with the novel use of group treatment in a cancer center setting. Methods: Phase II, single-center, open label trial, where 30 patients received a dose of 25 mg of psilocybin. Inclusion criteria: 1) age ≥ 18 years, 2) met criteria for MDD, 3) a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score ≥ 18 at baseline, 4) diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm. Patients who had curative treatment for cancer as well as those with advanced metastatic disease were included. Patients were divided into cohorts and they received 1 group preparation session, simultaneous administration of psilocybin, and 2 group integration sessions. Therapeutic care was also provided before, during, and after the session using the 1:1 model of psychological support. The primary outcome measures for safety were adverse events, vital signs, ECGs, blood tests, and suicidality scores (C-SSRS). The secondary and exploratory outcome measures consisted of 15 assessments conducted at baseline and post-treatment at day 1, week 1, week 3, and week 8 to determine the efficacy of treatment. Results: A total of 30 patients were enrolled over the course of only 8 months with an attrition rate of 0%. All completed the trial with no serious adverse events. Beyond high tolerability of the treatment, we also found a clinically meaningful change in depressive symptoms. After a single administration of psilocybin therapy, the average score on the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) dropped by 19.1 points (95% CI, 22.3 to 16.0, p < 0.0001). A sustained response rate (a decrease of ≥ 50% in the MADRS score from baseline to week 8) was seen by 24 patients. 50% of patients showed complete remission of depression symptoms (a MADRS score < 10) one week after treatment, which was sustained for up to 8 weeks. Conclusions: This study adds to the growing body of psilocybin research with promising results showing the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of simultaneous psilocybin treatment in patients with cancer with MDD. The value of group support for patients with cancer was also explored, with implications for increased scalability of psilocybin therapy in real-world settings. Clinical trial information: NCT04593563.", "journal": "Journal of Clinical Oncology", "publication_date": "2022-05-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.12097", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.12097", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Cancer, Depression (economics), Adverse effect, Major depressive disorder, Anxiety, Clinical trial, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281784879\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281784879\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083533154\",\"display_name\":\"Manish Agrawal\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-0582\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026954192\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Thambi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038515583\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Shnayder\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S15137598\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Clinical Oncology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.12097\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4281784879" }, { "id": 4958, "title": "Association of Psilocybin Use in Adolescents with Major Depressive Episode", "normalized_title": "association of psilocybin use in adolescents with major depressive episode", "authors": "Kaushal Shah, C. Trivedi, D. Kamrai, M. Akbar, W. Tankersley", "abstract": "Introduction Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug found in mushrooms, often referred to as magic mushrooms due to its visual and auditory hallucinations effects upon ingestion. It is a Schedule I drug per DEA, and the FDA has not approved psilocybin for medicinal purposes. However, recent studies have shown promising therapeutic use to treat depression. Objectives To identify current use, prevalence, and its association with depression in adolescents. Methods The National Survey on Drug Use and Health survey data from 2008-18 studied adolescent data (12-17 years), who responded, “ever used psilocybin (mushrooms)” and “lifetime major depressive episode (MDE).” The association between the psilocybin use and MDE status was analyzed in SAS9.4 through multivariate logistic regression for odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results A total of 172745 adolescents were included in this study, of which 2469 ever used psilocybin in their lifetime, and 170276 responded no lifetime use. The psilocybin ever lifetime users were 17 years old (42%vs.17%,p", "journal": "European Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2022-05-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.837", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.837", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Odds ratio, Confidence interval, Psychiatry, Psychology, Depression (economics), Major depressive episode, Association (psychology), Medicine, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychotherapist, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294189301\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4294189301\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013691149\",\"display_name\":\"Kaushal Shah\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079856063\",\"display_name\":\"C. Trivedi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054258916\",\"display_name\":\"D. Kamrai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038816011\",\"display_name\":\"M. Akbar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035611549\",\"display_name\":\"W. Tankersley\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S87202501\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.837\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Observational Study,Adolescents", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4294189301" }, { "id": 1763, "title": "How to account for hallucinations in the interpretation of the antidepressant effects of psychedelics: a translational framework.", "normalized_title": "how to account for hallucinations in the interpretation of the antidepressant effects of psychedelics a translational framework", "authors": "van den Berg M, Magaraggia I, Schreiber R, Hillhouse TM, Porter JH", "abstract": "Recent trials with psychedelics in major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression showed remarkable improvements in depressive symptoms that can last for up to several months after even a single administration. The lack of an appropriate placebo control group-as patients are often able to discriminate the subjective effects of the drug-and an incomplete understanding of the role of the hallucinogenic and mystical experience, hampers the interpretation of these therapeutic effects. To control for these factors, we developed a translational framework based on establishing pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationships in rodents and humans for hallucinogenic (i.e., discriminative stimulus effects in rodents and humans; head twitch responses in rodents; questionnaires in humans) and therapeutic effects. For the latter, we selected the pattern separation and attentional set-shifting tasks as measures for cognitive flexibility because of their high translational value. We predict that these PK/PD analyses will lead to a more objective evaluation of improvements in patients compared to relying only on the currently used self-reported questionnaires. We hypothesize that-if the role of the hallucinogenic experience is not central in the antidepressant effects of psychedelics-the ED's for the therapeutic effects will be significantly lower than for the hallucinogenic and mystical effects. Our framework will help to inform future studies that aim at the elucidation of the mechanism(s) of action of psychedelics in depression, and the role of the acute subjective and/or hallucinogenic experience in their effects.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-05-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06106-8", "pubmed_id": "35348806", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35348806/", "keywords": "Cognitive flexibility, Depression, Drug discrimination, Head twitch response (HTR), Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), Pattern separation (PS), Psilocybin, Psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35348806\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4220677776" }, { "id": 1762, "title": "Can the revival of serotonergic psychedelic drugs as treatments for mental disorders help to characterize their risks and benefits?", "normalized_title": "can the revival of serotonergic psychedelic drugs as treatments for mental disorders help to characterize their risks and benefits", "authors": "Husain MI, Umer M, Mulsant BH", "abstract": "", "journal": "Expert opinion on drug safety", "publication_date": "2022-05-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/14740338.2022.2063274", "pubmed_id": "35387542", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35387542/", "keywords": "MDMA, Psychedelics, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, psilocybin, psychotherapy, substance use disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35387542\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1742, "title": "Neural mechanisms underlying psilocybin's therapeutic potential - the need for preclinical in vivo electrophysiology.", "normalized_title": "neural mechanisms underlying psilocybin s therapeutic potential the need for preclinical in vivo electrophysiology", "authors": "Smausz R, Neill J, Gigg J.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound with profound perception-, emotion- and cognition-altering properties and great potential for treating brain disorders. However, the neural mechanisms mediating its effects require in-depth investigation as there is still much to learn about how psychedelic drugs produce their profound and long-lasting effects. In this review, we outline the current understanding of the neurophysiology of psilocybin's psychoactive properties, highlighting the need for additional preclinical studies to determine its effect on neural network dynamics. We first describe how psilocybin's effect on brain regions associated with the default-mode network (DMN), particularly the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, likely plays a key role in mediating its consciousness-altering properties. We then outline the specific receptor and cell types involved and discuss contradictory evidence from neuroimaging studies regarding psilocybin's net effect on activity within these regions. We go on to argue that in vivo electrophysiology is ideally suited to provide a more holistic, neural network analysis approach to understand psilocybin's mode of action. Thus, we integrate information about the neural bases for oscillatory activity generation with the accumulating evidence about psychedelic drug effects on neural synchrony within DMN-associated areas. This approach will help to generate important questions for future preclinical and clinical studies. Answers to these questions are vital for determining the neural mechanisms mediating psilocybin's psychotherapeutic potential, which promises to improve outcomes for patients with severe depression and other difficulty to treat conditions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-05-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221092508", "pubmed_id": "35638159", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221092508", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Emotions, Electrophysiology, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35638159\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1724, "title": "Postpartum depression: A role for psychedelics?", "normalized_title": "postpartum depression a role for psychedelics", "authors": "Jairaj C, Rucker JJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundPostpartum depression (PPD) is a major public health concern and has, at its core, a sense of maternal 'disconnection' - from the self, the infant, and the support system. While PPD bears similarities with MDD, there is increasing evidence for its distinct nature, especially with the unique aspect of the mother-infant relationship. Current treatment modalities for PPD, largely based on those used in major depressive disorder (MDD), have low remission rates with emerging evidence for treatment resistance. It is, therefore, necessary to explore alternative avenues of treatment for PPD.ObjectiveIn this narrative review, we outline the potential therapeutic rationale for serotonergic psychedelics in the treatment of PPD, and highlight safety and pragmatic considerations for the use of psychedelics in the postpartum period.MethodsWe examined the available evidence for the treatment of PPD and the evidence for psychedelics in the treatment of MDD. We explored safety considerations in the use of psychedelics in the postpartum period.ResultsThere is increasing evidence for safety, and encouraging signals for efficacy, of psilocybin in the treatment of MDD. Psilocybin has been shown to catalyse a sense of 'reconnection' in participants with MDD. This effect in PPD, by fostering a sense of 'reconnection' for the mother, may allow for improved mood and maternal sensitivity towards the infant, which can positively impact maternal role gratification and the mother-infant relationship.ConclusionPsychedelic assisted therapy in PPD may have a positive effect on the mother-infant dyad and warrants further examination.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-05-29", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811221093793", "pubmed_id": "35638179", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221093793", "keywords": "Humans, Depression, Postpartum, Hallucinogens, Mothers, Female, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35638179\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Aging,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1780, "title": "Unraveling the Mysteries of Mental Illness With Psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "unraveling the mysteries of mental illness with psilocybin", "authors": "Sotille R, Singh H, Weisman A, Vida T.", "abstract": "Current medications have not been effective in reducing the prevalence of mental illness worldwide. The prevalence of illnesses such as treatment-resistant depression has increased despite the widespread use of a broad set of psychopharmaceuticals. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and ketamine therapy are making great strides in improving treatment-resistant depression outcomes but they have limitations. New psychotherapeutics are required that specifically target the underlying cellular pathologies leading to neuronal atrophy. This neuronal atrophy model is supplanting the long-held neurotransmitter deficit hypothesis to explain mental illness. Interest in psychedelics as therapeutic molecules to treat mental illness is experiencing a 21st-century reawakening that is on the cusp of a transformation. Psilocybin is a pro-drug, found in various naturally occurring mushrooms, that is dephosphorylated to produce psilocin, a classic tryptamine psychedelic functional as a 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist. We have focused this review to include studies in the last two years that suggest psilocybin promotes neuronal plasticity, which may lead to changes in brain network connectivity. Recent advancements in clinical trials using pure psilocybin in therapy suggest that it may effectively relieve the symptoms of depression in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Sophisticated cellular and molecular experiments at the systems level have produced evidence that demonstrates psilocybin promotes neuritogenesis in the mouse brain - a mechanism that may address the root cause of depression at the cellular level. Finally, studies with psilocybin therapy for major depressive disorder suggest that this ancient molecule can promote functionally connected intrinsic networks in the human brain, resulting in durable improvements in the severity of depressive symptoms. Although further research is necessary, the prospect of using psilocybin for the treatment of mental illness is an enticing possibility.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-05-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.25414", "pubmed_id": "35769681", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25414", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35769681\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4967, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy Found to Improve Depression, Offer Other Benefits", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy found to improve depression offer other benefits", "authors": "Richard Karel", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Clinical & ResearchFull AccessPsilocybin-Assisted Therapy Found to Improve Depression, Offer Other BenefitsRichard KarelRichard KarelSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:23 May 2022https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.06.6.30AbstractA small study involving 24 participants found that psilocybin therapy was safe and effective up to one year following administration. More research using larger sample sizes is needed to further clarify efficacy and safety.A study on the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in a therapeutic setting in 24 participants with major depressive disorder found that the hallucinogen provided rapid and substantial antidepressant effects lasting up to one year with no serious adverse effects. The long-term efficacy and safety of such treatment, however, are not known.The study, conducted by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research (CPCR) in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences in Baltimore, was published in February in the Journal of Psychopharmacology and augments research previously published in JAMA Psychiatry.The 24 participants were randomized to either an immediate or eight-week delayed treatment protocol, involving a combination of psilocybin sessions and supportive psychotherapy. Each participant received two doses of psilocybin and were followed for up to a year.The types of features that the researchers asked about in their study on psilocybin-assisted therapy, such as personal meaning and spiritual significance, did not predict patients’ magnitude of depression, says Natalie Gukasyan, M.D.Lead author Natalie Gukasyan, M.D., an assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Hopkins and medical director of the CPCR, and colleagues reported “large decreases from baseline using the standardized Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (GRID-HAMD) scores at one, three, six, and 12-month follow-up.” The principal investigator was Roland Griffiths, Ph.D., director of the CPCR.At 12 months, 75% of the 24 participants achieved “treatment response”-defined as a reduction of 50% or greater in GRID-HAMD score from baseline; 58% of the participants achieved remission-defined as a GRID-HAMD score less than or equal to 7. Self-reported measures, including the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), were consistent with the GRID-HAMD outcomes.One intriguing finding was that “participant ratings of personal meaning, spiritual experience, and mystical experience after sessions predicted increased well-being at 12 months but did not predict improvement in depression.”The researchers employed the 30-item revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ30) to evaluate spiritual and mystical experience. The instrument was developed from a survey of mystical-type experiences associated with the use of psilocybin. In a study explaining the MEQ30 published in 2015 in the Journal of Psychopharmacology, mystical experiences were defined as having a number of dimensions, including unity, sacredness, noetic quality (in this context, a sense of revelation hard to verbalize), ineffability, positive mood, and transcendence of time and space-with the authors emphasizing that a totality of these dimensions must occur to qualify as a complete mystical experience. The authors of that study further noted that “mystical experience is not conceptually limited to religious experience or practice....”The finding of a divergence between remission or improvement in major depression and self-reported well-being “is a somewhat counterintuitive part of our results,” Gukasyan commented. The research team was focused on determining which acute drug effects were helpful in predicting depression, she noted. Many studies of psilocybin-assisted therapy-including those whose participants had symptoms of anxiety and depression secondary to a terminal cancer diagnosis-have found that subjective ratings such as mystical experience were correlated with longer-term changes from baseline in depressive symptoms, Gukasyan said.“The important thing to understand about well-being scores is that they are not changes from baseline, but rather absolute scores taken at follow-up time points derived from a questionnaire that asks where participants continue to experience persisting changes in their well-being that they attribute to the psilocybin therapy,” Gukasyan added. “Taken together, these results suggest that the types of features we asked about-personal meaning, spiritual significance, mystical experience, and so on-did not help us predict magnitude of depression.”The finding may indicate that there are quality of life elements that are improved in people with major depression after psilocybin therapy that are not captured by depression severity scores in the GRID-HAMD and similar measures, she observed. This is an area that needs further exploration using instruments that better measure how well-being changes from baseline following psilocybin therapy, she said.Psychiatrist Charles Grob, M.D., a professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences and pediatrics at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, has studied the therapeutic utility of psychedelic drugs for decades. The new Hopkins study “furthers the growing interest in the potential safety and utility of the psychedelic treatment model as an alternative-albeit novel-psycho-spiritual therapy and will likely catalyze future studies that examine even longer post-treatment time spans in order to measure the full durability of psilocybin treatment,” Grob told Psychiatric News.The divergence between self-reported findings of enhanced personal meaning and spirituality versus antidepressant measures requires further study to better understand the significance of the data, Grob said. ■ Resources“Efficacy and Safety of Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder: Prospective 12-Month Follow-Up”“Psilocybin Treatment for Major Depression Effective for Up to a Year for Most Patients, Study Shows””Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder”“Validation of the Revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire in Experimental Sessions With Psilocybin” ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2022-05-22", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2022.06.6.30", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.06.6.30", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychology, Adverse effect, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health Research Topics, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281400661\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281400661\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042986801\",\"display_name\":\"Richard Karel\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2022.06.6.30\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4281400661" }, { "id": 1784, "title": "New Paradigms of Old Psychedelics in Schizophrenia.", "normalized_title": "new paradigms of old psychedelics in schizophrenia", "authors": "Mahmood D, Alenezi SK, Anwar MJ, Azam F, Qureshi KA, Jaremko M.", "abstract": "Psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin (magic mushrooms), and mescaline exhibit intense effects on the human brain and behaviour. In recent years, there has been a surge in studies investigating these drugs because clinical studies have shown that these once banned drugs are well tolerated and efficacious in medically supervised low doses called microdosing. Psychedelics have demonstrated efficacy in treating neuropsychiatric maladies such as difficult to treat anxiety, depression, mood disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, suicidal ideation, posttraumatic stress disorder, and also in treating substance use disorders. The primary mode of action of psychedelics is activation of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors affecting cognition and brain connectivity through the modulation of several downstream signalling pathways via complex molecular mechanisms. Some atypical antipsychotic drugs (APDs) primarily exhibit pharmacological actions through 5-HT2A receptors, which are also the target of psychedelic drugs. Psychedelic drugs including the newer second generation along with the glutamatergic APDs are thought to mediate pharmacological actions through a common pathway, i.e., a complex serotonin-glutamate receptor interaction in cortical neurons of pyramidal origin. Furthermore, psychedelic drugs have been reported to act via a complex interplay between 5HT2A, mGlu2/3, and NMDA receptors to mediate neurobehavioral and pharmacological actions. Findings from recent studies have suggested that serotoninergic and glutamatergic neurotransmissions are very closely connected in producing pharmacological responses to psychedelics and antipsychotic medication. Emerging hypotheses suggest that psychedelics work through brain resetting mechanisms. Hence, there is a need to dig deeply into psychedelic neurobiology to uncover how psychedelics could best be used as scientific tools to benefit psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-05-22", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/ph15050640", "pubmed_id": "35631466", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15050640", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35631466\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Microdosing,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3676, "title": "Psilocybin Versus Ketamine - Fast Acting Antidepressant Strategies in Treatment-resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin versus ketamine fast acting antidepressant strategies in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "National Institute of Mental Health, Czech Republic", "abstract": "The main goal is to compare the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and ketamine in patients with TRD versus the antidepressant inactive substance midazolam. The primary endpoint will be the antidepressant effect on the Montgomery- Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) 24 hours after treatment, the key secondary endpoints being the duration of antidepressant effect, the number of responses and remissions, and the time to standard antidepressant treatment during 3 months of observation. The exploratory part of the study aims to monitor changes in the functional brain states using simultaneous EEG / fMRI, before treatment versus 1 day and 1 week after. Based on literature data and recent data from healthy volunteers who participated in a previous study with psilocybin, the investigator will correlate antidepressant effects of drugs (using psychometric scales and reactions to emotionally salient stimuli (eye tracker)) with entropy and functional connectivity measures. Finally the investigator will explore the role of plasmatic neurobiological biomarkers in depression (BDNF, prolactin, ACTH and oxytocin). The main aim of the study is to verify the efficacy and safety of a single dose of psilocybin 20 mg in the treatment of TRD in adults in a randomized clinical trial with active comparator ketamine 200 mg (rapid onset acting antidepressant) and negative control midazolam 5 mg (drug with no antidepressant properties). Primary objective: 1) verification of the rapid antidepressant effect of psilocybin compared to ketamine using the MADRS scale at 24 hours. Secondary objectives: 1) on days 3, 7 and 14 and 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12 weeks after application of the substances, evaluate / compare: a) the duration of effects of both substances using the MADRS scale b) antidepressant effects according to the subjective evaluation of patients - QIDS scale. c) response rate (50% reduction on the MADRS scale) and remission (MADRS? 10). 2) time to return of depressive symptoms defined according to the criteria for the use of antidepressants within 12 weeks 3) safety profile of study medication Exploratory objectives: 1) Evaluate the antidepressant effect depending on: a) the intensity of acute psychological effects assessed using the subjective scale of 5D-ASCs and the objective scale of BPRS, b) depending on the retrospective assessment of persistent effects using the Persisting effects scale, c) the degree of eye contact with negative and neutral emotion faces measured by eye-tracking before and after treatment (on days 1 and 7). 2) To evaluate the neurobiology of the antidepressant effect in relation to: a) plasma levels of the major metabolite of psilocin, markers of neuroplasticity, antidepressant effect and stress (BDNF, prolactin, oxytocin, ACTH) at 90 min, 3, and 6 h after administration of study medication compared to pre-administration levels, b) changes in resting-state brain activity (connectivity, entropy) measured by simultaneous EEG / fMRI functional imaging methods before and after 1 and 7 days after treatment.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-05-19", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05383313", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin, Ketamine Hydrochloride, Midazolam Ph. Eur 9.0, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT05383313\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1739, "title": "Assessment of Bioactivity-Modulating Pseudo-Ring Formation in Psilocin and Related Tryptamines.", "normalized_title": "assessment of bioactivity modulating pseudo ring formation in psilocin and related tryptamines", "authors": "Lenz C, Dörner S, Trottmann F, Hertweck C, Sherwood A, Hoffmeister D.", "abstract": "Psilocybin (1) is the major alkaloid found in psychedelic mushrooms and acts as a prodrug to psilocin (2, 4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), a potent psychedelic that exerts remarkable alteration of human consciousness. In contrast, the positional isomer bufotenin (7, 5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) differs significantly in its reported pharmacology. A series of experiments was designed to explore chemical differences between 2 and 7 and specifically to test the hypothesis that the C-4 hydroxy group of 2 significantly influences the observed physical and chemical properties through pseudo-ring formation via an intramolecular hydrogen bond (IMHB). NMR spectroscopy, accompanied by quantum chemical calculations, was employed to compare hydrogen bond behavior in 4- and 5-hydroxylated tryptamines. The results provide evidence for a pseudo-ring in 2 and that sidechain/hydroxyl interactions in 4-hydroxytryptamines influence their oxidation kinetics. We conclude that the propensity to form IMHBs leads to a higher number of uncharged species that easily cross the blood-brain barrier, compared to 7 and other 5-hydroxytryptamines, which cannot form IMHBs. Our work helps understand a fundamental aspect of the pharmacology of 2 and should support efforts to introduce it (via the prodrug 1) as an urgently needed therapeutic against major depressive disorder.", "journal": "ChemBioChem", "publication_date": "2022-05-17", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1002/cbic.202200183", "pubmed_id": "35483009", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202200183", "keywords": "Humans, Tryptamines, Hallucinogens, Prodrugs, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35483009\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4225114051\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4225114051\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":24,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W198782672\",\"https://openalex.org/W658461681\",\"https://openalex.org/W1482397648\",\"https://openalex.org/W1907730096\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963546517\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983292062\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988195234\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989654529\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991035020\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996889745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006064785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012816089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020941806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035605319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035799728\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038019177\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055011448\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068115641\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079017722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092674780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112396529\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113331456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139032141\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140560102\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147951781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2288881701\",\"https://openalex.org/W2343630680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2548947386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2883970814\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952684232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967356263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988070888\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025824861\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090675239\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164319372\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225114051\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252339940\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103876089\",\"display_name\":\"Claudius Lenz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027539660\",\"display_name\":\"Sebastian Dörner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003092397\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Trottmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2587-7293\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066230640\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Hertweck\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-337X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S154285657\",\"source_display_name\":\"ChemBioChem\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202200183\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Consciousness,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4225114051" }, { "id": 4968, "title": "The Efficacy of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depression andAnxiety: A Meta-Analysis", "normalized_title": "the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of depression andanxiety a meta analysis", "authors": "Andrew Hodge, Suporn Sukpraprut-Braaten, Robert Strayhan", "abstract": "Background: The use of psychedelic compounds to treat psychiatric disorders has become a very significant topic of research over the past several years. Psilocybin has risen to prominence as one of the most studied among these psychedelic compounds. Multiple trials have already shown that it can be a safe and efficacious treatment for various medical conditions. This study intends to perform a meta-analysis of data reported in clinical trials studying psilocybin’s effect on depression and anxiety. Methods: Articles were searched, screened, and ultimately selected using predetermined inclusion criteria. Data was collected from commonly used psychometric tests that measured mood and anxiety symptoms. Effect sizes were calculated by comparing scores in these tests at baseline and control to experimental groups. Sub-group analysis was performed to assess psilocybin’s effect on depression and anxiety during short, medium, and long-term time frames. Results: Statistical significance was achieved in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms compared to controls in multiple subgroups. Heterogeneity of the effect sizes was calculated using an I2 value which showed low to moderate values. Multiple tools were used to assess publication bias, and none could be found. Conclusion: Although research on psilocybin continues to show promise, the evidence is still at a preliminary phase, and more trials need to be conducted with larger patient populations over longer periods for psilocybin to potentially be approved in a community setting.", "journal": "Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews", "publication_date": "2022-05-15", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.2174/2666082218666220513142002", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082218666220513142002", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Meta-analysis, Mood, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4280584826\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4280584826\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1756201586\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972524714\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986215651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001432119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005501262\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006546769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021803359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042982960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098923148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114488753\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123179625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125435699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145998697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155054485\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2310007339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889504249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022995359\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082721315\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107917596\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297918764\",\"https://openalex.org/W4300870773\",\"https://openalex.org/W6604107555\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036897187\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Hodge\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0726-0836\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024916325\",\"display_name\":\"Suporn Sukpraprut-Braaten\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033336432\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Strayhan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210198242\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082218666220513142002\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4280584826" }, { "id": 1705, "title": "Magic mushroom extracts in lipid membranes.", "normalized_title": "magic mushroom extracts in lipid membranes", "authors": "Nguyen TQT, Lund FW, Zanjani AAH, Khandelia H.", "abstract": "The active hallucinogen of magic mushrooms, psilocin, is being repurposed to treat nicotine addiction and treatment-resistant depression. Psilocin belongs to the tryptamine class of psychedelic compounds which include the hormone serotonin. It is believed that psilocin exerts its effect by binding to the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. However, recent in-vivo evidence suggests that psilocin may employ a different mechanism to exert its effects. Membrane-mediated receptor desensitization of neurotransmitter receptors is one such mechanism. We compare the impact of the neutral and charged versions of psilocin and serotonin on the properties of zwitterionic and anionic lipid membranes using molecular dynamics simulations and calorimetry. Both compounds partition to the lipid interface and induce membrane thinning. The tertiary amine in psilocin, as opposed to the primary amine in serotonin, limits psilocin's impact on the membrane although more psilocin partitions into the membrane than serotonin. Calorimetry corroborates that both compounds induce a classical melting point depression like anesthetics do. Our results also lend support to a membrane-mediated receptor-binding mechanism for both psilocin and serotonin and provide physical insights into subtle chemical changes that can alter the membrane-binding of psychedelic compounds.", "journal": "Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes", "publication_date": "2022-05-09", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183957", "pubmed_id": "35561790", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183957", "keywords": "Serotonin, Lipids, Hallucinogens, Protein Binding, Psilocybe", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35561790\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4280500709\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4280500709\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1031578623\",\"https://openalex.org/W1541778702\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971702324\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976499671\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990771438\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991520135\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991794210\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997772366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011301426\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013638808\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015925800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022366660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028046413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029667189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031543706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035605319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040891889\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052394986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054406591\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060872117\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066414494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070753604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077862143\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081693079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084165707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089260204\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109080306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131566674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168269595\",\"https://openalex.org/W2323243847\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397627749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2491520688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2752660625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035507210\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094176195\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108922936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3121574661\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3178461144\",\"https://openalex.org/W3184498576\",\"https://openalex.org/W6734818059\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086499784\",\"display_name\":\"Teresa Quynh Tram Nguyen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024117382\",\"display_name\":\"Frederik W. Lund\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-0309\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017250248\",\"display_name\":\"Ali Asghar Hakami Zanjani\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0206-9074\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079782164\",\"display_name\":\"Himanshu Khandelia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9913-6394\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210187475\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183957\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4280500709" }, { "id": 1789, "title": "The psychological processes of classic psychedelics in the treatment of depression: a systematic review protocol.", "normalized_title": "the psychological processes of classic psychedelics in the treatment of depression a systematic review protocol", "authors": "Johansen L, Liknaitzky P, Nedeljkovic M, Mastin-Purcell L, Murray G", "abstract": "There is currently renewed interest in the use of psychedelic therapy in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including depression. The proposed systematic review will aim to identify, evaluate and summarise the psychological processes of change underlying psychedelic therapy for depression in the current literature and consider the implications these processes may have on the psychotherapy component of treatment. Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science databases will be searched using relevant terms. Studies will be included if they discuss the use of a classic psychedelic to treat depression symptomology in an adult population and report or propose psychological processes responsible for depression symptom change. Two authors will independently screen articles, complete quality assessment tools and conduct data extraction. Empirical and non-empirical research will be extracted and synthesised separately. A narrative synthesis approach will be used to report psychological processes identified in the literature. This systematic review will be the first to collate available evidence on the psychological processes associated with psychedelic therapy for depression. The preliminary nature of this research field is expected to result in the review having several limitations, namely heterogeneity between studies and the inclusion of limited empirical research. We intend for this review to present the current state of the literature, identify gaps and generate candidate variables that warrant further investigation. PROSPERO CRD42020197202.", "journal": "Systematic reviews", "publication_date": "2022-05-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1186/s13643-022-01930-7", "pubmed_id": "35513876", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35513876/", "keywords": "Depression, LSD, Narrative synthesis, Psilocybin, Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, Psychological processes, Systematic review", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35513876\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1790, "title": "The Pharmacology and Clinical Applications of Psychedelic Medicines Within Midwifery Practice.", "normalized_title": "the pharmacology and clinical applications of psychedelic medicines within midwifery practice", "authors": "Stein CA, Penn A, Van Hope S, Dorsen CG, Mangini M", "abstract": "The research and use of psychedelic medicines to treat common mental health disorders has increased substantially in the past 2 decades. At the same time, knowledge is relatively uncommon among midwives regarding (1) the relative benefits of psychedelic-assisted therapy, (2) best practices associated with the delivery of psychedelic-assisted therapy, and (3) responsible integration of this potentially useful intervention into mental health treatment plans. The purpose of this review is to describe current applications of psychedelic medicines to treat common mental health disorders, to describe the current legal status of these medicines used in this context, and to explore the potential for midwifery practice in this area with further training. This article also addresses the disparities regarding LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC populations in relation to this topic and their historical exclusion from research and treatment access in this field.", "journal": "Journal of midwifery & women's health", "publication_date": "2022-04-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1111/jmwh.13371", "pubmed_id": "35522087", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35522087/", "keywords": "MDMA, PTSD, depression, ketamine, midwives, psilocybin, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35522087\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3659, "title": "Phase II, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Group, Single Center Study of Psilocybin Efficacy in Major Depression", "normalized_title": "phase ii randomized double blind placebo controlled parallel group single center study of psilocybin efficacy in major depression", "authors": "University of Zurich", "abstract": "Effects of serotonin 2A/1A receptor stimulation by psilocybin on mood and emotion processing in major depressive disorder: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the world's greatest contributor to the global burden of disease and MDD affects around 17% of the Swiss population (Tomonaga et al. 2013). It is a chronic condition and can cause the affected person to suffer greatly and function poorly at work, at school and in the family. More than 1'000 suicides were recorded in Switzerland in 2014, about 90% of these fatalities were related to depression or other psychiatric problems. Suicide is the second leading cause of death in individuals 15-24 years of age (Insel \\& Charney 2003). Current pharmacotherapies, including monoaminergic-acting antidepressants, require prolonged administration (weeks if not months) for clinical improvement. This lag time, as well as a high non-response rate, emphasizes the need for better and faster-acting antidepressant medications. However, psychopharmacological research has largely failed to produce novel and more efficacious treatment options for MDD since decades. Advanced pharmaceutical antidepressants should ideally facilitate the psychotherapeutic process for patients, reduce the time onset of antidepressant efficacy, and prime neuroplastic adaptations relevant to symptom improvement. Such novel therapeutics are much needed and would address this detrimental public health problem, particularly in treatment-resistant patients. Early clinical studies using the psychotropic compound psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) as an adjunct in psychotherapy reported a significant improvement of clinical symptoms in depression and anxiety disorder (Leuner 1961, 1981). Psilocybin is the main psychoactive principle of the group of hallucinogenic fungi (Hofmann 1968), commonly known as magic mushrooms, and acts as partial agonist at cortical and sub-cortical serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors. At moderate doses, psilocybin produces a dream-like state of consciousness (Kraehenmann et al. 2016) characterized by perceptual alterations, enhanced mood, facilitated autobiographic memory recollection, and a change of perspective on the self (Leuner 1981; Studerus et al. 2011). Recent clinical studies applying placebo-controlled designs support and extend these early findings by showing that a single dose of psilocybin leads to a fast and sustained reduction in anxiety and depression as well as an improvement of quality of life in advanced cancer patients (Griffiths 2015, Grob et al. 2011). Furthermore, a recent open-label feasibility study showed rapid-onset, sustained symptom improvements over 3 weeks in a small sample of treatment-resistant depressed patients following two psilocybin treatment sessions (Carhart-Harris et al. 2016). Accumulating evidence from pharmacological and neuroimaging studies suggests that psilocybin may produce its antidepressant effects via activation of 5-HT2A receptors located in prefrontal-limbic structures that are also implicated in the pathophysiology of depression (Kraehenmann \\& Vollenweider et al. 2015; Vollenweider und Kometer 2010; Disner et al. 2011). In addition, molecular studies suggest that the enduring symptom improvement after a single dose of psilocybin may be mediated through downstream effects on the glutamate system and a subsequent activation of neuroplastic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (Catlow et al. 2013, Barre et al. 2016). The present clinical trial aims at investigating the putative antidepressant effects of a single moderate dose of psilocybin (0.215 mg/kg) in patients suffering from MDD by applying a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. The specific aims of this project are: 1. To investigate whether psilocybin in combination with short-term focused psychotherapy will reduce core symptoms in patients with MDD. 2. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to longitudinally assess whether a single dose of psilocybin will post-acutely change the negative emotion processing bias in patients with MDD and whether the change in emotion processing bias will predict subsequent symptom improvement. In addition, the investigators will analyze whether psilocybin will lead to sustained changes in functional neuronal network connectivity (FC), e.g. in amygdala-prefrontal FC. 3. To investigate whether psilocybin will increase BDNF plasma concentration and whether the change in BDNF is related to changes in fMRI markers and the subsequent mood improvement. Recent reviews indicate that impaired neuroplasticity is at the core of the pathophysiology moods and stress-related disorders. Current available antidepressants have been developed with the aim of providing symptom relief rather than targeting neuroplastic impairments. In contrast to this, the present proposal builds on promising new findings that single dose of psilocybin, presumably via a 5-HT2A receptor driven glutamatergic mechanism, leads to a rapid enhancement in neuronal resilience and a to a change in the function of neuronal networks underlying depressive symptoms and behavior. Targeting neuroplasticity with such novel approaches appears to be important for reversing cognitive schemata and emotion processing biases, fostering enduring improvements in mood and cognitive flexibility (Krystal et al. 2009). Expected value: this is the first randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (RCT) of psilocybin treatment in MDD. Using state-of-the art behavioral, neuroimaging, and neuroplasticity methodology, the results of this study will help elucidate urgently needed new treatment mechanisms in MDD. Should it turn out that a single moderate dose of psilocybin vs. placebo in conjunction with psychotherapy may rapidly and sustainedly reduce depressive symptoms, this will be a major breakthrough in finding a novel and fast acting treatment strategy in depressed patients. Therefore, the results of this study will have high impact on the field of pharmacological research into novel antidepressant medication.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2022-04-28", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03715127", "keywords": "Depressive Disorder, Major, Psilocybine oral capsule, Placebo oral capsule, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03715127\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Biomarkers,Aging,Resilience,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4974, "title": "P388. Open Label Psilocybin Administration in Severely Treatment Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "p388 open label psilocybin administration in severely treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Scott Aaronson, Tammy Miller, Samuel Rudow, MacKenzie Forbes, Trisha Suppes", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2022-04-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.624", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.624", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Mood, Anxiety, Open label, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Psychological intervention, Psychology, Intervention (counseling), Pilot trial, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Major depressive disorder, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4225010514\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4225010514\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020769134\",\"display_name\":\"Scott Aaronson\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110607035\",\"display_name\":\"Tammy Miller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050421509\",\"display_name\":\"Samuel Rudow\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037818125\",\"display_name\":\"MacKenzie Forbes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006219749\",\"display_name\":\"Trisha Suppes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.624\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4225010514" }, { "id": 3365, "title": "Skepticism About Recent Evidence that Psilocybin Opens Depressed Minds", "normalized_title": "skepticism about recent evidence that psilocybin opens depressed minds", "authors": "", "abstract": "Here we raise issues in Daws et al. (2022) published in Nature Medicine.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2022-04-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/a25wb_v1", "keywords": "depression, fMRI, psilocybin, Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"a25wb_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1761, "title": "Safety issues of psilocybin and LSD as potential rapid acting antidepressants and potential challenges.", "normalized_title": "safety issues of psilocybin and lsd as potential rapid acting antidepressants and potential challenges", "authors": "Rossi GN, Hallak JEC, Bouso Saiz JC, Dos Santos RG.", "abstract": "IntroductionA limited number of preliminary open-label (n = 3) and placebo-controlled clinical trials (n = 5) have suggested psilocybin and LSD as potential rapid antidepressants. In this context, there is a growing need to verify and document their safety and tolerability as therapeutic agents, discuss the challenges associated with their administration, and develop safety protocols for their use as next-generation therapeutic agents.Areas coveredWe have analyzed all randomized, double-blind, and controlled trials that assessed the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and LSD in clinical populations to date, taking special attention to adverse events (AEs) related to their use. Prevalence, significance, and mechanisms of action related to AEs were systematically extracted, analyzed, and discussed.Expert opinionThere were no serious AEs related to psilocybin and LSD administration. Most AEs were expected, manageable, and transient. Nevertheless, safety and tolerability concerns regarding some effects, such as dissociation, paranoia, and confusion, remain. Thus, randomized controlled trials with bigger samples are warranted to confirm their therapeutic effects and further investigate their safety and tolerability.", "journal": "Expert Opinion on Drug Safety", "publication_date": "2022-04-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/14740338.2022.2066650", "pubmed_id": "35426754", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2022.2066650", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Antidepressive Agents, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35426754\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223893856\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223893856\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":24,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1996652986\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010522115\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025374719\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105571318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112884745\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150280237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166928505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2730275538\",\"https://openalex.org/W2751240458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2772887788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793566445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3031575368\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093403723\",\"https://openalex.org/W3094915720\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3118672806\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133542189\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180562559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3192307046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193251618\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211263234\",\"https://openalex.org/W4220914774\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225258217\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231551125\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242068985\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044658660\",\"display_name\":\"Giordano Novak Rossi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-1207\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102785969\",\"display_name\":\"Jaime E. C. Hallak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-0189\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032347558\",\"display_name\":\"José Carlos Bouso\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-9407\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058075680\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael G. dos Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2388-4745\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S20709540\",\"source_display_name\":\"Expert Opinion on Drug Safety\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2022.2066650\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4223893856" }, { "id": 1653, "title": "Diverse therapeutic developments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicate common mechanisms of memory modulation.", "normalized_title": "diverse therapeutic developments for post traumatic stress disorder ptsd indicate common mechanisms of memory modulation", "authors": "Raut SB, Marathe PA, van Eijk L, Eri R, Ravindran M, Benedek DM, Ursano RJ, Canales JJ, Johnson LR.", "abstract": "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), characterized by abnormally persistent and distressing memories, is a chronic debilitating condition in need of new treatment options. Current treatment guidelines recommend psychotherapy as first line management with only two drugs, sertraline and paroxetine, approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of PTSD. These drugs have limited efficacy as they only reduce symptoms related to depression and anxiety without producing permanent remission. PTSD remains a significant public health problem with high morbidity and mortality requiring major advances in therapeutics. Early evidence has emerged for the beneficial effects of psychedelics particularly in combination with psychotherapy for management of PTSD, including psilocybin, MDMA, LSD, cannabinoids, ayahuasca and ketamine. MDMA and psilocybin reduce barrier to therapy by increasing trust between therapist and patient, thus allowing for modification of trauma related memories. Furthermore, research into the memory reconsolidation mechanisms has allowed for identification of various pharmacological targets to disrupt abnormally persistent memories. A number of pre-clinical and clinical studies have investigated novel and re-purposed pharmacological agents to disrupt fear memory in PTSD. Novel therapeutic approaches like neuropeptide Y, oxytocin, cannabinoids and neuroactive steroids have also shown potential for PTSD treatment. Here, we focus on the role of fear memory in the pathophysiology of PTSD and propose that many of these new therapeutic strategies produce benefits through the effect on fear memory. Evaluation of recent research findings suggests that while a number of drugs have shown promising results in preclinical studies and pilot clinical trials, the evidence from large scale clinical trials would be needed for these drugs to be incorporated in clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-04-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108195", "pubmed_id": "35489438", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108195", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Cannabinoids, Fear, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, United States, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35489438\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1744, "title": "The Effects of Psilocybin in Adults with Major Depressive Disorder and the General Population: Findings from Neuroimaging Studies.", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin in adults with major depressive disorder and the general population findings from neuroimaging studies", "authors": "Gill H, Puramat P, Patel P, Gill B, Marks CA, Rodrigues NB, Castle D, Cha DS, Mansur RB, Rosenblat JD, McIntyre RS.", "abstract": "The use of psilocybin as treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) has been examined as a promising alternative to traditional first-line options. We reviewed existing literature to provide a synthesis of the extant neuroimaging observations with psilocybin, and to identify putative therapeutic targets for target engagement studies with psilocybin, and potentially other psychedelics. We assessed neuroimaging observations with psilocybin among participants with MDD and healthy populations. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar and PsycINFO from database inception to November 17th, 2021. The study quality (i.e., risk of bias) was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. A total of ten studies evaluated psilocybin in healthy populations and three studies assessed psilocybin in MDD participants using neuroimaging techniques. Following psilocybin administration, a decrease in amygdala activity and a reduction in depressive symptoms was observed in two studies. Changes in functional connectivity and activation of prefrontal limbic structures, specifically the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala, was seen in healthy populations. There was high heterogeneity in methodology (e.g., dosing schedule and imaging methods) amongst included studies. Longitudinal studies are needed to further elucidate psilocybin treatment for MDD, its long-term effects and the possibility of sustained therapeutic effects.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-04-25", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114577", "pubmed_id": "35580433", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114577", "keywords": "Amygdala, Humans, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adult, Neuroimaging, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35580433\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1792, "title": "Will psilocybin lose its magic in the clinical setting?", "normalized_title": "will psilocybin lose its magic in the clinical setting", "authors": "Hayes C, Wahba M, Watson S.", "abstract": "Psilocybin as a novel treatment for depression is garnering a lot of attention from both the mainstream media and the academic community. Although phase 3 trials are only just beginning, we feel that it is important for clinicians to consider what psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy might look like in the clinical setting. In this narrative review article we have considered the difficulties that may arise as psilocybin emerges from the research setting, which may hamper its progress towards becoming a licenced medication. Psilocybin has its own unique challenges: the expectation patients come to dosing with having read overwhelmingly positive media; patient suggestibility under the influence of psilocybin and requirement for specialised therapists to name a few. We have also made some recommendations for measures that should be taken in both the phase 3 trials and with clinicians to try and minimise some of the issues raised. In doing so our hope is that psilocybin will continue towards becoming a licenced medication that suitable patients are able to access with relative ease. Practicing psychiatrists need to have an awareness of the potential pitfalls of psilocybin as they will be responsible for prescribing it in the future.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-04-21", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/20451253221090822", "pubmed_id": "35480296", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20451253221090822", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35480296\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Review Article,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1795, "title": "Psychedelics: Alternative and Potential Therapeutic Options for Treating Mood and Anxiety Disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics alternative and potential therapeutic options for treating mood and anxiety disorders", "authors": "Lowe H, Toyang N, Steele B, Grant J, Ali A, Gordon L, Ngwa W.", "abstract": "The word \"psychedelic\" (psyche (i.e., the mind or soul) and delos (i.e., to show)) has Greek origin and was first coined by psychiatrist Humphry Osmond in 1956, who had been conducting research on lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) at the time. Psychedelic drugs such as N,N-DMT/DMT (N,N-dimethyltryptamine), 5-MeO-DMT (5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) and psilocybin have had significant value as an entheogen in spiritual, religious (shamanic) and sociocultural rituals in Central and South American cultures for thousands of years. In the 1960s, the globalization of these drugs and their subsequent spread outside of their indigenous, old-world cultures, led to the subsequent implementation of strict drug control laws in many Western countries. Even today, psychedelics are still classified as Schedule I drugs, resulting in a still lingering negative stigmatization/perception, vilification, and ultimate criminalization of psychedelics. This controversy still lingers and still limits scientific research and full medical acceptance. For many years up until recently, the spiritual, religious and medicinal value of these drugs could not be explored in a scientific context. More recently, a second wave of psychedelic research is now focusing on psychedelics as neuropharmaceuticals to treat alcohol and tobacco addiction, general mood and anxiety disorders and cancer-related depression. There is now a vast array of promising evidence-based data to confirm the years of anecdotal evidence of the medicinal values of psychedelics. Natural therapeutic alternatives such as psychedelic drugs may provide a safe and efficacious alternate to conventional drugs used to treat mood and anxiety disorders. In a Western context in particular, psychedelic drugs as therapeutic agents for mood and anxiety disorders are becoming increasingly of interest amidst increasing rates of such disorders globally, changing social constructions, the implementation of government regulations and increasing investment opportunities, that ultimately allow for the scientific study to generate evidenced-based data. Alternative psychotherapeutic interventions are gaining interest also, because of their low physiological toxicity, relatively low abuse potential, safe psychological effects, and no associated persisting adverse physiological or psychological effects during and after use. On the other hand, conventional psychotic drugs and anti-depressants are becoming less favorable because of their adverse side effects. Psychedelic neuropharmaceutical interventions may with medical oversight be the solution to conventional psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety, and an alternative to conventional psychiatric treatment options. This paper will review the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs as alternative therapeutic options for mood and anxiety disorders in a controlled, clinical setting, where the chances of adverse psychological episodes occurring are mitigated.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-04-13", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/molecules27082520", "pubmed_id": "35458717", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27082520", "keywords": "Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35458717\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Spirituality,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1798, "title": "Increased global integration in the brain after psilocybin therapy for depression.", "normalized_title": "increased global integration in the brain after psilocybin therapy for depression", "authors": "Daws RE, Timmermann C, Giribaldi B, Sexton JD, Wall MB, Erritzoe D, Roseman L, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy shows antidepressant potential, but its therapeutic actions are not well understood. We assessed the subacute impact of psilocybin on brain function in two clinical trials of depression. The first was an open-label trial of orally administered psilocybin (10 mg and 25 mg, 7 d apart) in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was recorded at baseline and 1 d after the 25-mg dose. Beck's depression inventory was the primary outcome measure ( MR/J00460X/1 ). The second trial was a double-blind phase II randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin therapy with escitalopram. Patients with major depressive disorder received either 2 × 25 mg oral psilocybin, 3 weeks apart, plus 6 weeks of daily placebo ('psilocybin arm') or 2 × 1 mg oral psilocybin, 3 weeks apart, plus 6 weeks of daily escitalopram (10-20 mg) ('escitalopram arm'). fMRI was recorded at baseline and 3 weeks after the second psilocybin dose ( NCT03429075 ). In both trials, the antidepressant response to psilocybin was rapid, sustained and correlated with decreases in fMRI brain network modularity, implying that psilocybin's antidepressant action may depend on a global increase in brain network integration. Network cartography analyses indicated that 5-HT2A receptor-rich higher-order functional networks became more functionally interconnected and flexible after psilocybin treatment. The antidepressant response to escitalopram was milder and no changes in brain network organization were observed. Consistent efficacy-related brain changes, correlating with robust antidepressant effects across two studies, suggest an antidepressant mechanism for psilocybin therapy: global increases in brain network integration.", "journal": "Nature Medicine", "publication_date": "2022-04-10", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41591-022-01744-z", "pubmed_id": "35411074", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01744-z", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35411074\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223491164\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":431,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1950473838\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001567161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004874491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006096283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013523345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021469680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068252829\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074617510\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078524519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095293504\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100111273\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131681506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135176444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138566349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142566135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151721316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152329655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156737316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160599403\",\"https://openalex.org/W2181732012\",\"https://openalex.org/W2345489637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346168897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2371895244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2520032442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2536956629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537247270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608304771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622366552\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2730632269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2752088033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889504249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921129816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945514479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951617899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955797788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962725064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974707943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979698969\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999261467\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007757062\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014803974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036741565\",\"https://openalex.org/W3036992158\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096897894\",\"https://openalex.org/W3099375003\",\"https://openalex.org/W3099768174\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110378780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110820786\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129438202\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136346826\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149222464\",\"https://openalex.org/W3149674515\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154528253\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180716265\",\"https://openalex.org/W6768636864\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026599997\",\"display_name\":\"Richard E. Daws\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6639-5768\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055329548\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmermann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-377X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032084209\",\"display_name\":\"James Sexton\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3402-2748\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069665617\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Wall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-6274\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S203256638\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01744-z\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4223491164" }, { "id": 2016, "title": "Psylocybin and Psilocin as new tools to fight depression: an overview of the Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic mechanisms", "normalized_title": "psylocybin and psilocin as new tools to fight depression an overview of the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic mechanisms", "authors": "Lemos Martins Sofia, Machado Brito-da-Costa Andreia, Madureira-Carvalho Áurea, Dinis-Oliveira Ricardo Jorge, Dias da Silva Diana", "abstract": "", "journal": "RevSALUS - Revista Científica da Rede Académica das Ciências da Saúde da Lusofonia", "publication_date": "2022-04-05", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.51126/revsalus.v4isup.271", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.51126/revsalus.v4isup.271", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "Crossref", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"doi\":\"10.51126/revsalus.v4isup.271\",\"reference_dois\":[],\"reference_count\":0,\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223588025\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223588025\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W253402974\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969107765\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031618431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080632957\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901185945\",\"https://openalex.org/W2986818733\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682579402\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067226504\",\"display_name\":\"Sofia Lemos Martins\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048312717\",\"display_name\":\"Andreia Machado Brito-da-Costa\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7327-1598\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040103503\",\"display_name\":\"Áurea Madureira-Carvalho\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7569-6802\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001459260\",\"display_name\":\"Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7430-6297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029670056\",\"display_name\":\"Diana Dias da Silva\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7331-9157\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210173156\",\"source_display_name\":\"RevSALUS - Revista Científica da Rede Académica das Ciências da Saúde da Lusofonia\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.51126/revsalus.v4isup.271\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4223588025" }, { "id": 4978, "title": "Psilocybe mexicana R. Heim - Mexikanischer Kahlkopf", "normalized_title": "psilocybe mexicana r heim mexikanischer kahlkopf", "authors": "Antonia Kuhn, Matthias F. Melzig", "abstract": "Psilocybe mexicana R. Heim ist ein Pilz mit langer ethnopharmakologischer Tradition, der als wirkungsbestimmende Inhaltsstoffe Psilocybin und Psilocin enthält. Die psychostimulierende, halluzinogene Wirkung wurde bisher vor allem in traditionellen Zeremonien der indigenen Bevölkerung Mittel- und Südamerikas genutzt. Die Eignung als Therapeutikum für verschiedene psychische Krankheiten, wie der Depression, soll in aktuellen klinischen Studien untersucht werden. Noch ist die Studienlage nicht ausreichend und sind zugrundeliegende Mechanismen nicht abschließend geklärt.", "journal": "Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie", "publication_date": "2022-03-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1055/a-1540-9907", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1540-9907", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Biology, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:57", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4224935312\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4224935312\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035199049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2476521934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983552824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297877164\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297877185\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052993750\",\"display_name\":\"Antonia Kuhn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112167595\",\"display_name\":\"Matthias F. Melzig\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210169550\",\"source_display_name\":\"Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1540-9907\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4224935312" }, { "id": 1797, "title": "Psilocybin increases brain network integration in patients with depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin increases brain network integration in patients with depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": "Nature Medicine", "publication_date": "2022-03-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41591-022-01769-4", "pubmed_id": "35411079", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01769-4", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35411079\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223461155\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4223461155\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004874491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138566349\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\"],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S203256638\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01769-4\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4223461155" }, { "id": 1802, "title": "Therapeutic Alliance and Rapport Modulate Responses to Psilocybin Assisted Therapy for Depression.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic alliance and rapport modulate responses to psilocybin assisted therapy for depression", "authors": "Murphy R, Kettner H, Zeifman R, Giribaldi B, Kartner L, Martell J, Read T, Murphy-Beiner A, Baker-Jones M, Nutt D, Erritzoe D, Watts R, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Background: Across psychotherapeutic frameworks, the strength of the therapeutic alliance has been found to correlate with treatment outcomes; however, its role has never been formally assessed in a trial of psychedelic-assisted therapy. We aimed to investigate the relationships between therapeutic alliance and rapport, the quality of the acute psychedelic experience and treatment outcomes. Methods: This 2-arm double-blind randomized controlled trial compared escitalopram with psychedelic-assisted therapy for moderate-severe depressive disorder (N = 59). This analysis focused on the psilocybin condition (n = 30), who received two oral doses of 25 mg psilocybin, 3-weeks apart, with psychological preparation, in-session support, and integration therapy. A new psychedelic therapy model, called \"Accept-Connect-Embody\" (ACE), was developed in this trial. The primary outcome was depression severity 6 weeks post treatment (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, QIDS-SR-16). Path analyses tested the hypothesis that therapeutic alliance (Scale To Assess the Therapeutic Relationship Patient Version, STAR-P) would predict depression outcomes via its influence on the acute psychedelic experience, specifically emotional-breakthrough (EBI) and mystical-type experiences (MEQ). The same analysis was performed on the escitalopram arm to test specificity. Results: The strength of therapeutic alliance predicted pre-session rapport, greater emotional-breakthrough and mystical-type experience (maximum EBI and MEQ scores across the two psilocybin sessions) and final QIDS scores (β = -0.22, R2 = 0.42 for EBIMax; β = -0.19, R2 = 0.32 for MEQMax). Exploratory path models revealed that final depression outcomes were more strongly affected by emotional breakthrough during the first, and mystical experience during the second session. Emotional breakthrough, but not mystical experience, during the first session had a positive effect on therapeutic alliance ahead of the second session (β = 0.79, p < 0.0001). Therapeutic alliance ahead of the second session had a direct impact on final depression scores, not mediated by the acute experience, with a weaker alliance ahead of the second psilocybin session predicting higher absolute depression scores at endpoint (β = -0.49, p < 0.001) Discussion: Future research could consider therapist training and characteristics; specific participant factors, e.g., attachment style or interpersonal trauma, which may underlie the quality of the therapeutic relationship, the psychedelic experience and clinical outcomes; and consider how therapeutic approaches might adapt in cases of weaker therapeutic alliance. Clinical Trial Registration: This trial is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier (NCT03429075).", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-03-30", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2021.788155", "pubmed_id": "35431912", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.788155", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35431912\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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Murphy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056016180\",\"display_name\":\"Hannes Kettner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-0998\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056827751\",\"display_name\":\"Rick Zeifman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044522468\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Kärtner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083068952\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Read\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9755-4848\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055877835\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110662235\",\"display_name\":\"Rosalind Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.788155\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4221001769" }, { "id": 1803, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Compassion Focused Therapy for Depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted compassion focused therapy for depression", "authors": "Pots W, Chakhssi F.", "abstract": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, i.e., psilocybin treatment with psychological support, has demonstrated the efficacy of psilocybin to reduce depressive symptoms. However, in clinical trials, the structure of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is primarily based on preparation, navigation (support during dosing sessions), and integration. For psychotherapeutic guidance, the application of this structure is favored over the usage of theoretical models. The applied psychotherapeutic models may be of critical importance if the effects are augmented due to the psychologically insightful experiences during the navigation and integration sessions. One of the important next steps is to provide therapists with guidance on how to provide psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. We present an integrated protocol for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depression based on the theoretical model and psychotherapeutic framework of Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT). We hypothesize that CFT can provide the theoretical model and compassion practices that will reinforce the experiences during the navigation and follow-up therapy sessions. In this paper, we describe the rationale for selecting CFT, the compatibility of CFT and psilocybin-therapy, an overview of the psilocybin-assisted CFT protocol, the study protocol, and limitations to this approach.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychology", "publication_date": "2022-03-24", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812930", "pubmed_id": "35401294", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812930", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35401294\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4221031753\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4221031753\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":30,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1555010103\",\"https://openalex.org/W1667002192\",\"https://openalex.org/W1961364466\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970887283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008828654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027607387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044440339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060224295\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096684104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102589785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128497690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150285866\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159826578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266871031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2504538113\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2521149666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592111319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2709608164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2746775489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2782515409\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801518825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902271959\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954922650\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006408375\",\"https://openalex.org/W3011072785\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045249492\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087088481\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3111594781\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137777394\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153837393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159976828\",\"https://openalex.org/W3180562559\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182390788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3183684219\",\"https://openalex.org/W3195406245\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"https://openalex.org/W4210368773\",\"https://openalex.org/W4233844781\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251885947\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298553075\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386686749\",\"https://openalex.org/W6794931614\",\"https://openalex.org/W6798246361\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073342759\",\"display_name\":\"Wendy Pots\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2429-6083\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076469824\",\"display_name\":\"Farid Chakhssi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6929-0331\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S9692511\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812930\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4221031753" }, { "id": 1610, "title": "How Important Is a Guide Who Has Taken Psilocybin in Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Depression?", "normalized_title": "how important is a guide who has taken psilocybin in psilocybin assisted therapy for depression", "authors": "Earleywine M, Low F, Altman BR, De Leo J.", "abstract": "Promising outcomes of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (PAT) for depression have generated concerted efforts to replicate, extend, and refine protocols to maximize efficacy. Psychotherapy research reveals that clients benefit most when important components of treatment align with their personal preferences. One open question related to PAT concerns the importance of the psilocybin experience of the guides (trained professionals present during acute effects). We sought to assess the importance of a guide who had used psilocybin to potential clients with depressive symptoms. Over 800 MTurk respondents with depressive symptoms rated the import of a guide who had used psilocybin relative to alternative characteristics in guides and cognitive behavioral (CBT) therapists. Importance ratings for guides who had used psilocybin significantly exceeded the \"somewhat important\" level (50 on a 0-100 scale), other guide-related qualities, and comparable ratings for a cognitive behavioral therapist who shared demographics, had experience with depression and received cognitive therapy personally. People of color (those who are not Caucasian) and those who had previous therapy gave significantly higher importance ratings for guides who had used psilocybin. Participants who chose to list other qualities important for guides listed very similar ones for CBT therapists, often emphasizing proper training and an empathic demeanor. Guides who have used psilocybin, who inform clients of the fact, might have advantages for facilitating PAT's antidepressant effects, as least in a subset of clients.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2022-03-22", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2022.2047842", "pubmed_id": "35318904", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2022.2047842", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35318904\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4220813054\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4220813054\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":31,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1537216698\",\"https://openalex.org/W1695897010\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973313326\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998572652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038039012\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042033540\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076273488\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082304096\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085698227\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110701839\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126493218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141708418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143350277\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144316543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170805160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2274762642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2279233149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2429266444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474141511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515424873\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561217404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585493186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2601834048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2787888142\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791334870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791589771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2831064708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887258972\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891256775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891381594\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895740693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2909878706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2920559226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966973109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967946137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2968408465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2972973386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978801451\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033052133\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088476465\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093109301\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113026224\",\"https://openalex.org/W3114028558\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155481108\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232913650\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294185218\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386686749\",\"https://openalex.org/W4393026463\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090993398\",\"display_name\":\"Mitch Earleywine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-0623\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088040054\",\"display_name\":\"Fiona Low\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0947-9922\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038304952\",\"display_name\":\"Brianna R. Altman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-2939\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043460196\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph De Leo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2022.2047842\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4220813054" }, { "id": 1765, "title": "The promises and perils of psychedelic pharmacology for psychiatry.", "normalized_title": "the promises and perils of psychedelic pharmacology for psychiatry", "authors": "McClure-Begley TD, Roth BL.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, N,N'-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are undergoing a renaissance as potentially useful drugs for various neuropsychiatric diseases, with a rapid onset of therapeutic activity. Notably, phase II trials have shown that psilocybin can produce statistically significant clinical effects following one or two administrations in depression and anxiety. These findings have inspired a 'gold rush' of commercial interest, with nearly 60 companies already formed to explore opportunities for psychedelics in treating diverse diseases. Additionally, these remarkable phenomenological and clinical observations are informing hypotheses about potential molecular mechanisms of action that need elucidation to realize the full potential of this investigative space. In particular, despite compelling evidence that the 5-HT2A receptor is a critical mediator of the behavioural effects of psychedelic drugs, uncertainty remains about which aspects of 5-HT2A receptor activity in the central nervous system are responsible for therapeutic effects and to what degree they can be isolated by developing novel chemical probes with differing specificity and selectivity profiles. Here, we discuss this emerging area of therapeutics, covering both controversies and areas of consensus related to the opportunities and perils of psychedelic and psychedelic-inspired therapeutics. We highlight how basic science breakthroughs can guide the discovery and development of psychedelic-inspired medications with the potential for improved efficacy without hallucinogenic or rewarding actions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-16", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41573-022-00421-7", "pubmed_id": "35301459", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-022-00421-7", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35301459\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1552, "title": "A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the effect of psilocybin and methylenedioxymethamphetamine on mental, behavioural or developmental disorders.", "normalized_title": "a systematic literature review and meta analysis of the effect of psilocybin and methylenedioxymethamphetamine on mental behavioural or developmental disorders", "authors": "Kisely S, Connor M, Somogyi AA, Siskind D.", "abstract": "ObjectivesThere is an increasing interest in combining psilocybin or methylenedioxymethamphetamine with psychological support in treating psychiatric disorders. Although there have been several recent systematic reviews, study and participant numbers have been limited, and the field is rapidly evolving with the publication of more studies. We therefore conducted a systematic review of PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, and CINAHL for randomised controlled trials of methylenedioxymethamphetamine and psilocybin with either inactive or active controls.MethodsOutcomes were psychiatric symptoms measured by standardised, validated and internationally recognised instruments at least 2 weeks following drug administration, Quality was independently assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework.ResultsThere were eight studies on methylenedioxymethamphetamine and six on psilocybin. Diagnoses included post-traumatic stress disorder, long-standing/treatment-resistant depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety in adults with autism, and anxiety or depression in life-threatening disease. The most information and strongest association was for the change in methylenedioxymethamphetamine scores compared to active controls in post-traumatic stress disorder (k = 4; standardised mean difference = -0.86; 95% confidence interval = [-1.23, -0.50]; p", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-11", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/00048674221083868", "pubmed_id": "35285280", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674221083868", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Anxiety Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Adult, Child, Psilocybin, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35285280\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1809, "title": "Mycotherapy: Potential of Fungal Bioactives for the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders and Morbidities of Chronic Pain.", "normalized_title": "mycotherapy potential of fungal bioactives for the treatment of mental health disorders and morbidities of chronic pain", "authors": "Meade E, Hehir S, Rowan N, Garvey M.", "abstract": "Mushrooms have been used as traditional medicine for millennia, fungi are the main natural source of psychedelic compounds. There is now increasing interest in using fungal active compounds such as psychedelics for alleviating symptoms of mental health disorders including major depressive disorder, anxiety, and addiction. The anxiolytic, antidepressant and anti-addictive effect of these compounds has raised awareness stimulating neuropharmacological investigations. Micro-dosing or acute dosing with psychedelics including Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin may offer patients treatment options which are unmet by current therapeutic options. Studies suggest that either dosing regimen produces a rapid and long-lasting effect on the patient post administration with a good safety profile. Psychedelics can also modulate immune systems including pro-inflammatory cytokines suggesting a potential in the treatment of auto-immune and other chronic pain conditions. This literature review aims to explore recent evidence relating to the application of fungal bioactives in treating chronic mental health and chronic pain morbidities.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-10", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/jof8030290", "pubmed_id": "35330292", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8030290", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35330292\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Review Article,Safety,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3198, "title": "Psilocybin Combines Rapid Synaptogenic And Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Vitro", "normalized_title": "psilocybin combines rapid synaptogenic and anti inflammatory effects in vitro", "authors": "Smedfors G, Glotfelty E, Kalani N, Hjelle CP, Horntvedt O, Wellfelt K, Brodin A, von Kieseritzky F, Olson L, Karlsson T.", "abstract": "Abstract Psilocybin is a psychedelic substance approaching clinical use. The drug has long-lasting effects after single or multiple administrations and enhances structural plasticity in the brain. Little is known if the plasticity inducing effects of psilocybin could be timed to other treatments and promote a larger effect. We investigated the effect of psilocybin on cultured mouse hippocampal neurons, examining the plasticity promoting effects from 5 min to 72 h post-treatment. We found robust effects on pre- and postsynaptic (Piccolo and Homer1) protein expression 1-3 h following treatment. Presynaptic Synapsin-1 expression mirrored these findings, with peak expression 72 h post-treatment. Our studies suggest psilocybin opens a window of plasticity that rapidly normalizes. As psilocybin has been shown to have an effect treating diseases (e.g. depression and cluster headache) linked with inflammation, we used an immortalized microglia cell line (IMG) to demonstrate its anti-inflammatory effects against a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge (we show reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) secretion). Altogether, our studies show discrete and acute cell type specific effects of psilocybin that provides insight into its mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic value.", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2022-03-07", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-1321542/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1321542/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR465041\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Headache / Migraine,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Animal Study,In Vitro Study,Inflammation", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1813, "title": "Depression and Long-Term Prescription Opioid Use and Opioid Use Disorder: Implications for Pain Management in Cancer.", "normalized_title": "depression and long term prescription opioid use and opioid use disorder implications for pain management in cancer", "authors": "Bates N, Bello JK, Osazuwa-Peters N, Sullivan MD, Scherrer JF.", "abstract": "Opinion statementPreventing depression in cancer patients on long-term opioid therapy should begin with depression screening before opioid initiation and repeated screening during treatment. In weighing the high morbidity of depression and opioid use disorder in patients with chronic cancer pain against a dearth of evidence-based therapies studied in this population, patients and clinicians are left to choose among imperfect but necessary treatment options. When possible, we advise engaging psychiatric and pain/palliative specialists through collaborative care models and recommending mindfulness and psychotherapy to all patients with significant depression alongside cancer pain. Medications for depression should be reserved for moderate to severe symptoms. We recommend escitalopram/citalopram or sertraline among selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), or the serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) duloxetine, venlafaxine, or desvenlafaxine if patients have a significant component of neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (consider nortriptyline or desipramine, which have better anticholinergic profiles) should be considered for patients who do not respond to or tolerate SSRI/SNRIs. Existing evidence is inadequate to definitively recommend methylphenidate or novel agents, such as ketamine or psilocybin, as adjunctive treatments for cancer-related depression and pain. Physicians who treat patients with cancer pain should utilize universal precautions to limit the risk of non-medical opioid use (non-medical opioid use). Patients should be screened for non-medical opioid use behaviors at initial consultation and at regular intervals during treatment using a non-judgmental approach that reduces stigma. Co-management with an addiction specialist may be indicated for patients at high risk of non-medical opioid use and opioid use disorder. Buprenorphine and methadone are indicated for the treatment of opioid use disorder, and while they have not been systematically studied for treatment of opioid use disorder in patients with cancer pain, they do provide analgesia for cancer pain. While an interdisciplinary team approach to manage psychological stress may be beneficial, this may not be possible for patients treated outside of comprehensive cancer centers.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s11864-022-00954-4", "pubmed_id": "35254595", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-022-00954-4", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Pain, Opioid-Related Disorders, Analgesics, Opioid, Depression, Prescriptions, Pain Management, Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors, Cancer Pain, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35254595\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Cancer Patients,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1811, "title": "Methodological challenges in psychedelic drug trials: Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression (EPIsoDE) - Rationale and study design.", "normalized_title": "methodological challenges in psychedelic drug trials efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression episode rationale and study design", "authors": "Mertens LJ, Koslowski M, Betzler F, Evens R, Gilles M, Jungaberle A, Jungaberle H, Majić T, Ströhle A, Wolff M, Wellek S, Gründer G.", "abstract": "Psychedelics such as psilocybin have recently gained remarkable interest in both the specialist literature and the lay press because studies suggest that these substances may have great therapeutic potential in various psychiatric disorders, including major depression. However, clinical trials with psychedelic drugs pose particular methodological challenges to researchers, some of which differ considerably from those with other psychotropic drugs. These include the problem of successful blinding, which can hardly be guaranteed in clinical trials with psychedelic substances and - directly related - the high risk of expectation bias and nocebo effects. Some of these challenges are being addressed in the given clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression. It is a phase II randomized, double-blind, active placebo-controlled parallel group trial with 144 patients. The rationale, the study design, and the core features of the study are presented here. The trial (EPIsoDE trial; EudraCT number: 2019-003984-24; NCT04670081) is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF 01EN2006 ​A/B).", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2022-03-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100104", "pubmed_id": "40656230", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100104", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"40656230\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4220708535\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":40,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1655045766\",\"https://openalex.org/W1776258049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1948877773\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970054184\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992844800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022191212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043530175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047503435\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056438596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127662631\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152472333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164182651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164198137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167987245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2253040643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2277633149\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330686105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2404687886\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2779386549\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791088784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799742551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806188084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895197076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948548704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970458256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974814938\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124059976\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162909048\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177300439\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4288077072\",\"https://openalex.org/W6695084235\",\"https://openalex.org/W6755541052\",\"https://openalex.org/W6818643326\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045306689\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Koslowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-9875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031618523\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Betzler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-4870\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054444045\",\"display_name\":\"Ricarda Evens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015683895\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Gilles\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9604-4459\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016321877\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001710309\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065637165\",\"display_name\":\"Tomislav Majić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2950-6673\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066612577\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Ströhle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0935-3702\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075794355\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-9633\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063934463\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Wellek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-8122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100104\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4220708535" }, { "id": 1766, "title": "Drug-drug interactions between psychiatric medications and MDMA or psilocybin: a systematic review.", "normalized_title": "drug drug interactions between psychiatric medications and mdma or psilocybin a systematic review", "authors": "Sarparast A, Thomas K, Malcolm B, Stauffer CS.", "abstract": "Rationale & objectives ± 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin are currently moving through the US Food and Drug Administration's phased drug development process for psychiatric treatment indications: posttraumatic stress disorder and depression, respectively. The current standard of care for these disorders involves treatment with psychiatric medications (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), so it will be important to understand drug-drug interactions between MDMA or psilocybin and psychiatric medications.MethodsIn accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we queried the MEDLINE database via PubMed for publications of human studies in English spanning between the first synthesis of psilocybin (1958) and December 2020. We used 163 search terms containing 22 psychiatric medication classes, 135 specific psychiatric medications, and 6 terms describing MDMA or psilocybin.ResultsForty publications were included in our systematic review: 26 reporting outcomes from randomized controlled studies with healthy adults, 3 epidemiologic studies, and 11 case reports. Publications of studies describe interactions between MDMA (N = 24) or psilocybin (N = 5) and medications from several psychiatric drug classes: adrenergic agents, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, NMDA antagonists, psychostimulants, and several classes of antidepressants. We focus our results on pharmacodynamic, physiological, and subjective outcomes of drug-drug interactions.ConclusionsAs MDMA and psilocybin continue to move through the FDA drug development process, this systematic review offers a compilation of existing research on psychiatric drug-drug interactions with MDMA or psilocybin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06083-y", "pubmed_id": "35253070", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06083-y", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychotherapy, Drug Interactions, Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35253070\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1812, "title": "Virtual Reality as a Moderator of Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy.", "normalized_title": "virtual reality as a moderator of psychedelic assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Sekula AD, Downey L, Puspanathan P.", "abstract": "Psychotherapy with the use of psychedelic substances, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ketamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), has demonstrated promise in treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, addiction, and treatment-resistant depression. Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PP) represents a unique psychopharmacological model that leverages the profound effects of the psychedelic experience. That experience is characterized by strong dependency on two key factors: participant mindset and the therapeutic environment. As such, therapeutic models that utilize psychedelics reflect the need for careful design that promotes an open, flexible, trusting mindset and a supportive setting. To meet this need, the PP model is increasingly supplemented by auxiliary methods, including meditation, relaxation, visualization or spiritual practices. We suggest virtual reality (VR) as a full-spectrum tool able to capitalize on and catalyze the innately therapeutic aspects of the psychedelic experience, such as detachment from familiar reality, alteration of self-experience, augmentation of sensory perception and induction of mystical-type experiences. This is facilitated by VR's evidenced capacity to: aid relaxation and reduce anxiety; buffer from external stimuli; promote a mindful presence; train the mind to achieve altered states of consciousness (ASC); evoke mystical states; enhance therapeutic alliance and encourage self-efficacy. While these unique VR features appear promising, VR's potential role in PP remains speculative due to lack of empirical evidence on the combined use of VR and PP. Given the increased commercial interest in this synergy there is an urgent need to evaluate this approach. We suggest specific VR models and their role within PP protocols to inspire future direction in scientific research, and provide a list of potential disadvantages, side effects and limitations that need to be carefully considered. These include sensory overstimulation, cyber-sickness, triggering memories of past traumatic events as well as distracting from the inner experience or strongly influencing its contents. A balanced, evidence-based approach may provide continuity across all phases of treatment, support transition into and out of an ASC, deepen acute ASC experiences including mystical states and enrich the psychotherapeutic process of integration. We conclude that the potential application of VR in modulating psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy demands further exploration and an evidence-based approach to both design and implementation.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-03", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2022.813746", "pubmed_id": "35310225", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.813746", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35310225\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Consciousness,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1768, "title": "Effects of the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist volinanserin on head-twitch response and intracranial self-stimulation depression induced by different structural classes of psychedelics in rodents.", "normalized_title": "effects of the 5 ht2a receptor antagonist volinanserin on head twitch response and intracranial self stimulation depression induced by different structural classes of psychedelics in rodents", "authors": "Jaster AM, Elder H, Marsh SA, de la Fuente Revenga M, Negus SS, González-Maeso J.", "abstract": "BackgroundClinical studies suggest that psychedelics exert robust therapeutic benefits in a number of psychiatric conditions including substance use disorder. Preclinical studies focused on safety and efficacy of these compounds are necessary to determine the full range of psychedelics' effects.ObjectivesThe present study explores the behavioral pharmacology of structurally distinct psychedelics in paradigms associated with serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) activation and behavioral disruption in two rodent models. Utilizing the selective 5-HT2AR antagonist volinanserin, we aimed to provide further pharmacological assessment of psychedelic effects in rodents.MethodsWe compared volinanserin (0.0001-0.1 mg/kg) antagonism of the phenethylamine 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI, 1.0 mg/kg) and the ergoline lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD, 0.32 mg/kg) in preclinical assays predictive of hallucinations (head-twitch response or HTR in mice) and behavioral disruption (intracranial self-stimulation or ICSS in rats). Volinanserin antagonism of the phenethylamine mescaline, the tryptamine psilocybin, and the k-opioid receptor agonist salvinorin A was also evaluated in the rat ICSS assay.ResultsVolinanserin had similar potency, effectiveness, and time-course to attenuate DOI-induced HTR in mice and ICSS depression in rats. Volinanserin completely blocked LSD-induced HTR in mice, but not LSD-induced ICSS depression in rats. Volinanserin also reversed ICSS depression by mescaline, but it was only partially effective to reduce the effects of psilocybin, and it exacerbated ICSS depression by salvinorin A.ConclusionAlthough hallucination-related HTR behavior induced by phenethylamine, ergoline, and tryptamine psychedelics appears to be 5-HT2AR-mediated, the receptor(s) responsible for behavioral disruptive effects may differ among these three structural classes.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-03-01", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-022-06092-x", "pubmed_id": "35233648", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06092-x", "keywords": "Animals, Rodentia, Mice, Rats, Tryptamines, Serotonin, Phenethylamines, Mescaline, Fluorobenzenes, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Piperidines, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Depression, Self Stimulation, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35233648\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1767, "title": "Effects of ketamine optical isomers, psilocybin, psilocin and norpsilocin on time estimation and cognition in rats.", "normalized_title": "effects of ketamine optical isomers psilocybin psilocin and norpsilocin on time estimation and cognition in rats", "authors": "Popik P, Hogendorf A, Bugno R, Khoo SY, Zajdel P, Malikowska-Racia N, Nikiforuk A, Golebiowska J.", "abstract": "RationaleKetamine and psilocybin belong to the rapid-acting antidepressants but they also produce psychotomimetic effects including timing distortion. It is currently debatable whether these are essential for their therapeutic actions. As depressed patients report that the \"time is dragging,\" we hypothesized that ketamine and psilocybin-like compounds may produce an opposite effect, i.e., time underestimation, purportedly contributing to their therapeutic properties.ObjectivesTiming was tested following administration of (R)- and (S)-ketamine, and psilocybin, psilocin, and norpsilocin in the discrete-trial temporal discrimination task (TDT) in male rats. Timing related to premature responses, and cognitive and unspecific effects of compounds were tested in the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) in the standard 1-s, and \"easier\" 2-s stimulus duration conditions, as well as in the vITI variant promoting impulsive responses.Results(S)-ketamine (15 but not 3.75 or 7.5 mg/kg) shifted psychometric curve to the right in TDT and reduced premature responses in 5-CSRTT, suggesting expected time underestimation, but it also decreased the accuracy of temporal discrimination and increased response and reward latencies, decreased correct responses, and increased incorrect responses. While (R)-ketamine did not affect timing and produced no unspecific actions, it reduced incorrect responses in TDT and increased accuracy in 5-CSRTT, suggesting pro-cognitive effects. Psilocin and psilocybin produced mainly unspecific effects in both tasks, while norpsilocin showed no effects.ConclusionsTime underestimation produced by (S)-ketamine could be associated with its antidepressant effects; however, it was accompanied with severe behavioral disruption. We also hypothesize that behavioral disruption produced by psychedelics objectively reflects their psychotomimetic-like actions.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-03-01", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-021-06020-5", "pubmed_id": "35234983", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-06020-5", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Rats, Serotonin, Ketamine, Antidepressive Agents, Cognition, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35234983\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4214937728\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4214937728\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":16,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":30,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1541141148\",\"https://openalex.org/W1546664245\",\"https://openalex.org/W1608611146\",\"https://openalex.org/W1766588580\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971612884\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973750932\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977573148\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978443369\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991333985\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993557467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002513166\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006045052\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008262218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009086345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009243620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018969119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022130624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025333158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025964232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028048940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028127185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028884770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037153657\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049563161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050530976\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053016988\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056530512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060089850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063130669\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066132862\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086305648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143625387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145998697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163433107\",\"https://openalex.org/W2176587016\",\"https://openalex.org/W2310217103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2464869946\",\"https://openalex.org/W2488012401\",\"https://openalex.org/W2516420108\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2615450788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890893449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983463140\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983625743\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000352472\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007923795\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008629222\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046957448\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091037153\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117542960\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134320342\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156594315\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234562209\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243287814\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020658677\",\"display_name\":\"Piotr Popik\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-1263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034604911\",\"display_name\":\"Adam S. Hogendorf\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-3266\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006523340\",\"display_name\":\"Ryszard Bugno\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-674X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025011942\",\"display_name\":\"Shaun Yon-Seng Khoo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-3788\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045626009\",\"display_name\":\"Paweł Zajdel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6192-8721\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087332321\",\"display_name\":\"Natalia Malikowska-Racia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1250-7768\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022670452\",\"display_name\":\"Agnieszka Nikiforuk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2424-8348\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072655660\",\"display_name\":\"Joanna Gołębiowska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2250-2995\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-06020-5\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4214937728" }, { "id": 1611, "title": "The Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders with Attention to Relative Safety Profile: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "the use of psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric disorders with attention to relative safety profile a systematic review", "authors": "Hodge AT, Sukpraprut-Braaten S, Narlesky M, Strayhan RC.", "abstract": "There has been a reemergence of research into the use of substances such as LSD, MDMA, and psilocybin for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. This increase in consideration toward the medicinal use of these compounds has been termed the \"Psychedelic Renaissance.\" This article specifically explores the background of psilocybin, a psychoactive compound that is naturally derived from certain species of fungi. Pubmed was searched by one doctoral-level researcher using specific Boolean operator terms. The results were filtered by title and abstract and 76 articles were screened and analyzed in full detail. Oral psilocybin is showing itself to be clinically efficacious by producing statistically significant reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms over time versus control in multiple clinical trials. It has also been shown to reduce cigarettes per day and drinks per day in patients with substance use disorders. Thus far, there have been no significant adverse clinical events from psilocybin and there also have been no verifiable recorded deaths reported. Larger studies need to be performed before the drug can potentially become approved for use in the general population.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-02-27", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2022.2044096", "pubmed_id": "35225726", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2022.2044096", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35225726\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1819, "title": "Psilocin acutely alters sleep-wake architecture and cortical brain activity in laboratory mice.", "normalized_title": "psilocin acutely alters sleep wake architecture and cortical brain activity in laboratory mice", "authors": "Thomas CW, Blanco-Duque C, Bréant BJ, Goodwin GM, Sharp T, Bannerman DM, Vyazovskiy VV.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelic drugs, such as psilocin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), profoundly alter the quality of consciousness through mechanisms which are incompletely understood. Growing evidence suggests that a single psychedelic experience can positively impact long-term psychological well-being, with relevance for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including depression. A prominent factor associated with psychiatric disorders is disturbed sleep, and the sleep-wake cycle is implicated in the homeostatic regulation of neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity. However, it remains largely unknown to what extent psychedelic agents directly affect sleep, in terms of both acute arousal and homeostatic sleep regulation. Here, chronic electrophysiological recordings were obtained in mice to track sleep-wake architecture and cortical activity after psilocin injection. Administration of psilocin led to delayed REM sleep onset and reduced NREM sleep maintenance for up to approximately 3 h after dosing, and the acute EEG response was associated primarily with an enhanced oscillation around 4 Hz. No long-term changes in sleep-wake quantity were found. When combined with sleep deprivation, psilocin did not alter the dynamics of homeostatic sleep rebound during the subsequent recovery period, as reflected in both sleep amount and EEG slow-wave activity. However, psilocin decreased the recovery rate of sleep slow-wave activity following sleep deprivation in the local field potentials of electrodes targeting the medial prefrontal and surrounding cortex. It is concluded that psilocin affects both global vigilance state control and local sleep homeostasis, an effect which may be relevant for its antidepressant efficacy.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2022-02-22", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-022-01846-9", "pubmed_id": "35197453", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-01846-9", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Mice, Sleep Deprivation, Electroencephalography, Wakefulness, Sleep, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35197453\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4214570845\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4214570845\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":40,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W951377813\",\"https://openalex.org/W1493831458\",\"https://openalex.org/W1505973041\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963859198\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966479610\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967113132\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971729817\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977647750\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983083273\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995200202\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997680764\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011580879\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030472555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036016546\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036802268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039029351\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042033499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053591992\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054129965\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058452561\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060392742\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062621310\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065455020\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076299279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080659194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085880557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089633679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096352061\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102656701\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110572089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111639473\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120918936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122806567\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136104104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149996793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156868152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171644243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2228967078\",\"https://openalex.org/W2236052756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2276857175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2343813323\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346499314\",\"https://openalex.org/W2364556618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2538133955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2580767461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2602656046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2742814779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748253069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2749408017\",\"https://openalex.org/W2760291954\",\"https://openalex.org/W2773072410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790497376\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795698014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799891267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801418002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808867953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949245082\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950194569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950564037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982649717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999279320\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3038822209\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045348821\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3101729008\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107150606\",\"https://openalex.org/W3123302588\",\"https://openalex.org/W3179469168\",\"https://openalex.org/W4207064626\",\"https://openalex.org/W6602745054\",\"https://openalex.org/W6653118637\",\"https://openalex.org/W6685483815\",\"https://openalex.org/W6780864130\",\"https://openalex.org/W7075297354\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052690772\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher W. Thomas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5371-7257\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052700816\",\"display_name\":\"Cristina Blanco-Duque\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-2880\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019999427\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin J. B. Bréant\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-3963\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037628078\",\"display_name\":\"Guy M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-2816\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016717006\",\"display_name\":\"Trevor Sharp\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7434-9713\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041981916\",\"display_name\":\"David M. Bannerman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3024-7595\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061367170\",\"display_name\":\"Vladyslav V. Vyazovskiy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4336-6681\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-01846-9\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4214570845" }, { "id": 3227, "title": "Increased low-frequency brain responses to music after psilocybin therapy for depression", "normalized_title": "increased low frequency brain responses to music after psilocybin therapy for depression", "authors": "Wall MB, Lam C, Ertl N, Kaelen M, Roseman L, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy with psilocybin is an emerging therapy with great promise for depression, and modern psychedelic therapy (PT) methods incorporate music as a key element. Music is an effective emotional/hedonic stimulus that could also be useful in assessing changes in emotional responsiveness following psychedelic therapy. Brain responses to music were assessed before and after PT using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and ALFF (Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuations) analysis methods. Nineteen patients with treatment-resistant depression underwent two treatment sessions involving administration of psilocybin, with MRI data acquired one week prior and the day after completion of the second of two psilocybin dosing sessions. Comparison of music-listening and resting-state scans revealed significantly greater ALFF in bilateral superior temporal cortex for the post-treatment music scan, and in the right ventral occipital lobe for the post-treatment resting-state scan. ROI analyses of these clusters revealed a significant effect of treatment in the superior temporal lobe for the music scan only. Somewhat consistently, voxelwise comparison of treatment effects showed relative increases for the music scan in the bilateral superior temporal lobes and supramarginal gyrus, and relative decreases in the medial frontal lobes for the resting-state scan. ALFF in these music-related clusters was significantly correlated with intensity of subjective effects felt during the dosing sessions. These data suggest a specific effect of PT on the brain’s response to a hedonic stimulus (music), implying an elevated responsiveness to music after psilocybin therapy that was related to subjective drug effects felt during dosing.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2022-02-14", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1101/2022.02.13.480302", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.13.480302", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR454661\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Emotional Processing,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1822, "title": "Trajectory of Antidepressant Effects after Single- or Two-Dose Administration of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review and Multivariate Meta-Analysis.", "normalized_title": "trajectory of antidepressant effects after single or two dose administration of psilocybin a systematic review and multivariate meta analysis", "authors": "Yu CL, Liang CS, Yang FC, Tu YK, Hsu CW, Carvalho AF, Stubbs B, Thompson T, Tsai CK, Yeh TC, Yang SN, Shin JI, Chu CS, Tseng PT, Su KP.", "abstract": "We examined the cardiovascular safety, acceptability, and trajectory of the antidepressant effects of psilocybin after single- or two-dose administration. Four major electronic databases were systematically searched. Data were pooled using a multivariate random-effects meta-analysis. Primary outcomes were changes in depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes were cardiovascular safety and acceptability. Ten studies were included. The estimated effect sizes (standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals) for psilocybin were -0.75 (-1.15 to -0.35) on day 1, -1.74 (-2.15 to -1.32) at 1 week, -1.35 (-1.77 to -0.93) at 1 month, -0.91 (-1.31 to -0.51) at 3 months, and -1.12 (-1.56 to -0.68) at 6 months. Higher doses and two sessions of psilocybin treatment were significantly associated with superior antidepressant effects. The all-cause discontinuation and heart rate after psilocybin administration were comparable to placebo; meanwhile, psilocybin increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 19.00 mmHg and 8.66 mmHg, respectively. There were no significant differences between SMD derived from placebo-controlled trials compared to those from pre-post changes and SMD in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared to those in non-RCTs. The present study demonstrates that single- or two-dose psilocybin administration has rapid and sustained antidepressant effects for up to 6 months, with favorable cardiovascular safety and acceptability.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-02-10", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/jcm11040938", "pubmed_id": "35207210", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11040938", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35207210\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1823, "title": "Psilocybin for Treating Psychiatric Disorders: A Psychonaut Legend or a Promising Therapeutic Perspective?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treating psychiatric disorders a psychonaut legend or a promising therapeutic perspective", "authors": "Coppola M, Bevione F, Mondola R.", "abstract": "Psychedelics extracted from plants have been used in religious, spiritual, and mystic practices for millennia. In 1957, Dr. Hofmann identified and synthesized the prodrug psilocybin, a substance present in more than 200 species of psychedelic mushrooms. Although there were limitations related to the scientific design of many studies, clinical observations performed during the 1950s and 1960s showed a potential therapeutic effect of psilocybin for patients affected by depressive symptoms, anxiety, and conversion disorder. Psilocybin was classed as a schedule I substance in 1970, but the fascination with psychedelics has remained almost unchanged over time, promoting a new scientific interest starting in the 1990s. Recent studies have provided further evidence supporting the suggestive hypothesis of the therapeutic use of psilocybin for treating various psychiatric disorders, including pathological anxiety, mood depressive disorder, and addiction.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-02-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3390/jox12010004", "pubmed_id": "35225956", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jox12010004", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35225956\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Spirituality", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1821, "title": "Psilocybin: Characterization of the Metastable Zone Width (MSZW), Control of Anhydrous Polymorphs, and Particle Size Distribution (PSD).", "normalized_title": "psilocybin characterization of the metastable zone width mszw control of anhydrous polymorphs and particle size distribution psd", "authors": "Kargbo RB, Sherwood AM, Meisenheimer P, Lenoch K, Abebe S.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a serotonergic agonist, was granted a \"breakthrough therapy\" status by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical trials involving major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. The direct phosphorylation of psilocin to psilocybin that uses a fast crystallization associated with a kinetically controlled process resulted in a smaller particle size distribution. Herein, the measurement of the metastable zone width (MSZW) and nucleation induction enabled a thermodynamically controlled crystallization process, which leads to the formation of a crystal structure with stronger interactions, controlled particle size distribution (PSD), and improved impurity profile. Employing a high-resolution inline microscopy viewer allowed the real-time monitoring of the crystallization process and the measurement of the particle size. We also present a comprehensive study of the formation of polymorph B (trihydrate), polymorph A (anhydrate), and polymorph H (anhydrate) using water recrystallization, which indicates that the formation of polymorph B (trihydrate) is independent of the crystallization method. However, polymorphs A and H are dependent on the mode of drying: drying at room temperature under vacuum gives rise to mainly polymorph A, and when heated even at relatively low temperatures, a mixture of polymorphs A and H beings to form.", "journal": "ACS Omega", "publication_date": "2022-02-06", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.1c06708", "pubmed_id": "35187358", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c06708", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35187358\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4210846812\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4210846812\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W95574922\",\"https://openalex.org/W601273484\",\"https://openalex.org/W934797936\",\"https://openalex.org/W1512090457\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967235049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980559693\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986315702\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992380940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001032983\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003291502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005963788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016051420\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025101303\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025776529\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036641789\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049599102\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058554744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063608545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076191691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081546158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093152958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096540251\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097499174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139417013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140583879\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159000437\",\"https://openalex.org/W2230966694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2278353553\",\"https://openalex.org/W2314242676\",\"https://openalex.org/W2316178893\",\"https://openalex.org/W2327825876\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528934322\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885629138\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887044811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894643708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901522822\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938882950\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090907464\",\"https://openalex.org/W3109908198\",\"https://openalex.org/W3114767549\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134098691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134829180\",\"https://openalex.org/W4200445562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4226478974\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231808740\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252137674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252929690\",\"https://openalex.org/W6959833090\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002485823\",\"display_name\":\"Poncho Meisenheimer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1918-3153\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075166971\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey Lenoch\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016093194\",\"display_name\":\"Solomon B. Abebe\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210239500\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Omega\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c06708\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4210846812" }, { "id": 1825, "title": "Analysis of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Medicine: A Narrative Review.", "normalized_title": "analysis of psilocybin assisted therapy in medicine a narrative review", "authors": "Ziff S, Stern B, Lewis G, Majeed M, Gorantla VR.", "abstract": "Psilocybin-containing mushrooms have been consumed by various cultures in many different parts of the world for thousands of years. Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic, contains unique psychoactive properties and has been incorporated into religious ceremonies and investigated for its medicinal value. In the mid-20th century, psilocybin, along with most other classic psychedelics (5HT-2A agonists), was classified as a Schedule I substance, bringing a halt to research on its medicinal utility. The resurgence of clinical trials involving psilocybin in the 21st century has produced promising results concerning the treatment of addiction, depression, and end-of-life mood disorders. Results from these trials have shown significant reductions in depression and anxiety when compared with a placebo, and one trial found no significant difference when compared to a routinely prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Studies conducted with patients with advanced-stage cancer have demonstrated that psilocybin may also be beneficial at reducing depression and anxiety associated with psychological crises due to a terminal diagnosis. Psilocybin therapy in the treatment of addiction, which is notoriously difficult to treat, has shown encouraging results. Due to its low toxicity and low risk of overuse, psilocybin has the potential to have a significant influence in the field of addiction medicine. Psilocybin addiction research has been primarily focused on nicotine and alcohol and, in a few small, open-label trials, has shown superiority over traditional therapies. Psilocybin has a relatively unique and incompletely understood mechanism of action, which allows it to be given at several isolated periods. This infrequent dosing regimen has been shown to produce durable effects with minimal toxicity. This review analyzes the potential of psilocybin in the treatment of addiction, depression, and end-of-life mood disorders. In addition, it will discuss the difficulties involved with conducting scientific research on psychedelic compounds, adverse effects, and the therapeutic measures that are necessary to accompany the safe and effective administration of these psychoactive chemicals.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-02-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.7759/cureus.21944", "pubmed_id": "35273885", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.21944", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35273885\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1827, "title": "Efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted treatment for major depressive disorder: Prospective 12-month follow-up.", "normalized_title": "efficacy and safety of psilocybin assisted treatment for major depressive disorder prospective 12 month follow up", "authors": "Gukasyan N, Davis AK, Barrett FS, Cosimano MP, Sepeda ND, Johnson MW, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "BackgroundPreliminary data suggest that psilocybin-assisted treatment produces substantial and rapid antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), but little is known about long-term outcomes.AimsThis study sought to examine the efficacy and safety of psilocybin through 12 months in participants with moderate to severe MDD who received psilocybin.MethodsThis randomized, waiting-list controlled study enrolled 27 patients aged 21-75 with moderate to severe unipolar depression (GRID-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (GRID-HAMD) ⩾ 17). Participants were randomized to an immediate or delayed (8 weeks) treatment condition in which they received two doses of psilocybin with supportive psychotherapy. Twenty-four participants completed both psilocybin sessions and were followed through 12 months following their second dose.ResultsAll 24 participants attended all follow-up visits through the 12-month timepoint. Large decreases from baseline in GRID-HAMD scores were observed at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up (Cohen d = 2.3, 2.0, 2.6, and 2.4, respectively). Treatment response (⩾50% reduction in GRID-HAMD score from baseline) and remission were 75% and 58%, respectively, at 12 months. There were no serious adverse events judged to be related to psilocybin in the long-term follow-up period, and no participants reported psilocybin use outside of the context of the study. Participant ratings of personal meaning, spiritual experience, and mystical experience after sessions predicted increased well-being at 12 months, but did not predict improvement in depression.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that the substantial antidepressant effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy may be durable at least through 12 months following acute intervention in some patients.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-01-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811211073759", "pubmed_id": "35166158", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211073759", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Follow-Up Studies, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy, Time Factors, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35166158\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4212903385\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":417,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W78677904\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987450364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031002884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073441573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084315798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116416511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135665329\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149799843\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152690559\",\"https://openalex.org/W2289004134\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2418769740\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2566701931\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891256775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912654919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971894339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005582604\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3020940623\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033752070\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137976016\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213458191\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236038590\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025469924\",\"display_name\":\"Mary P Cosimano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211073759\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4212903385" }, { "id": 1816, "title": "[Are psychedelics fast acting antidepressant agents?]", "normalized_title": "are psychedelics fast acting antidepressant agents", "authors": "Gründer G, Brand M, Kärtner L, Scharf D, Schmitz C, Spangemacher M, Mertens LJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelics, such as psilocybin represent one of the most promising current therapeutic approaches in psychiatry.ObjectivePsychedelics seem to have not only potent antidepressant effects. Do they also work particularly quickly, i.e. within one day?Material and methodsThe available literature on clinical studies of psychedelics in depressive syndromes is presented both from the period up to the prohibition of these substances in the late 1960s as well as after the resumption of research in the 2000s. One focus is the speed of onset of antidepressant action.ResultsOnly the clinical studies published since 2016 that meet modern methodological standards have also systematically examined the speed of the antidepressant onset of action. The published studies, which were almost exclusively carried out with psilocybin, so far show small sample sizes (the total number of patients with depression treated in published clinical studies is", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-01-31", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s00115-021-01255-1", "pubmed_id": "35103814", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-021-01255-1", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Psychiatry, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35103814\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1832, "title": "Evaluating the Potential Use of Serotonergic Psychedelics in Autism Spectrum Disorder.", "normalized_title": "evaluating the potential use of serotonergic psychedelics in autism spectrum disorder", "authors": "Markopoulos A, Inserra A, De Gregorio D, Gobbi G.", "abstract": "Recent clinical and preclinical evidence points towards empathogenic and prosocial effects elicited by psychedelic compounds, notably the serotonin 5-HT2A agonists lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and their derivatives. These findings suggest a therapeutic potential of psychedelic compounds for some of the behavioural traits associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by atypical social behaviour. In this review, we highlight evidence suggesting that psychedelics may potentially ameliorate some of the behavioural atypicalities of ASD, including reduced social behaviour and highly co-occurring anxiety and depression. Next, we discuss dysregulated neurobiological systems in ASD and how they may underlie or potentially limit the therapeutic effects of psychedelics. These phenomena include: 1) synaptic function, 2) serotonergic signaling, 3) prefrontal cortex activity, and 4) thalamocortical signaling. Lastly, we discuss clinical studies from the 1960s and 70s that assessed the use of psychedelics in the treatment of children with ASD. We highlight the positive behavioural outcomes of these studies, including enhanced mood and social behaviour, as well as the adverse effects of these trials, including increases in aggressive behaviour and dissociative and psychotic states. Despite preliminary evidence, further studies are needed to determine whether the benefits of psychedelic treatment in ASD outweigh the risks associated with the use of these compounds in this population, and if the 5-HT2A receptor may represent a target for social-behavioural disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-01-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2021.749068", "pubmed_id": "35177979", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.749068", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35177979\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1831, "title": "Structure-based discovery of nonhallucinogenic psychedelic analogs.", "normalized_title": "structure based discovery of nonhallucinogenic psychedelic analogs", "authors": "Cao D, Yu J, Wang H, Luo Z, Liu X, He L, Qi J, Fan L, Tang L, Chen Z, Li J, Cheng J, Wang S.", "abstract": "Drugs that target the human serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) are used to treat neuropsychiatric diseases; however, many have hallucinogenic effects, hampering their use. Here, we present structures of 5-HT2AR complexed with the psychedelic drugs psilocin (the active metabolite of psilocybin) and d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), as well as the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin and the nonhallucinogenic psychedelic analog lisuride. Serotonin and psilocin display a second binding mode in addition to the canonical mode, which enabled the design of the psychedelic IHCH-7113 (a substructure of antipsychotic lumateperone) and several 5-HT2AR β-arrestin-biased agonists that displayed antidepressant-like activity in mice but without hallucinogenic effects. The 5-HT2AR complex structures presented herein and the resulting insights provide a solid foundation for the structure-based design of safe and effective nonhallucinogenic psychedelic analogs with therapeutic effects.", "journal": "Science", "publication_date": "2022-01-26", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1126/science.abl8615", "pubmed_id": "35084960", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abl8615", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Mice, Hallucinations, Serotonin, Lisuride, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Arrestin, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Ligands, Crystallography, X-Ray, Signal Transduction, Binding Sites, Protein Conformation, Structure-Activity Relationship, Drug Design, Psilocybin, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": 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PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4210474529\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4210474529\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":305,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1992388910\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994495174\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997340548\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017162980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028308920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036251618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046614626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051639699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066482395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067481209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073617012\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074491668\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079106221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114650590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133402952\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135190897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136909852\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147874841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171104921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2180229411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581696375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2785023044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2786822500\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802749931\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898434904\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911542458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979144408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982809992\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022812876\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086773311\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126980149\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127467109\",\"https://openalex.org/W3137816310\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157088173\",\"https://openalex.org/W3163918973\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4248872320\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011559531\",\"display_name\":\"Dongmei Cao\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-8777\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050578211\",\"display_name\":\"Jing Yu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7371-4512\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5100332004\",\"display_name\":\"Huan Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3816-9552\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074373639\",\"display_name\":\"Zhipu Luo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0685-0754\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014706996\",\"display_name\":\"Xinyu Liu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6872-7463\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003615234\",\"display_name\":\"Licong He\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4686-386X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005167510\",\"display_name\":\"Jianzhong Qi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4701-5395\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052595595\",\"display_name\":\"Luyu Fan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0133-2379\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112910328\",\"display_name\":\"Lingjie Tang\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062706692\",\"display_name\":\"Zhangcheng Chen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5858-2769\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108563663\",\"display_name\":\"Jinsong Li\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3456-662X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038759638\",\"display_name\":\"Jianjun Cheng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6065-2682\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078629975\",\"display_name\":\"Sheng Wang\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4176-8844\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S3880285\",\"source_display_name\":\"Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abl8615\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4210474529" }, { "id": 1772, "title": "Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of major depression: a synthesis of phenomenological explanations.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of major depression a synthesis of phenomenological explanations", "authors": "Miceli McMillan R, Jordens C.", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted Psychotherapy (PAP) combines the use of psychedelic compounds, such as psilocybin, with psychotherapy. PAP has shown some promise as a novel treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and empirical research suggests that its efficacy turns on the altered states induced by psychedelic compounds. In this paper we draw on the literature of phenomenology to explain the therapeutic potential of psychedelic experiences. Svenaeus characterises mental illness as a form of suffering that entails three distinct but related experiences of alienation or \"unhomelike being-in-the-world\": (1) illness suffering, which relates to embodiment; (2) existential suffering, which relates to self-narratives, and (3) political suffering, which relates to social relationships. Ratcliffe further characterises the experience of MDD in phenomenological terms as a loss of pre-intentional possibility that manifests as excessive noematic feeling in the experience of embodiment, restrictive narratives in the construction of self, and disconnectedness in experience of the social world. We contend that PAP ameliorates the suffering associated with MDD by inducing and consolidating a state of broadened pre-intentional possibility-one that entails sudden, profound and enduring changes in embodiment, self-narratives, and social experience. We argue further that this phenomenological account is consistent with a bio-psycho-social model of mental health and illness, and we frame it as an argument supporting the plausibility of recent claims about treatment success. This helps to justify ongoing future empirical research in this setting.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-01-21", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1007/s11019-022-10070-7", "pubmed_id": "35064398", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-022-10070-7", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35064398\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1746, "title": "Novel Antidepressants in the Pipeline (Phase II and III): A Systematic Review of the US Clinical Trials Registry.", "normalized_title": "novel antidepressants in the pipeline phase ii and iii a systematic review of the us clinical trials registry", "authors": "Sakurai H, Yonezawa K, Tani H, Mimura M, Bauer M, Uchida H.", "abstract": "IntroductionThere is an imminent need for faster-acting and more effective antidepressants beyond the monoaminergic hypothesis.MethodsWe systematically searched the US Clinical Trials registry for antidepressant compounds with completed phase II and III trials. Compounds that demonstrated significant superiority over placebo in the primary outcome measure in the latest phase of phase II and III trials were identified. The collateral information was gathered via a PubMed search and press releases.ResultsNine compounds were identified. AXS-05 (a combination of dextromethorphan and bupropion) and ansofaxine hydrochloride showed a positive result over placebo in a phase III study for major depressive disorder or treatment-resistant depression. MIJ821, nitrous oxide, psilocybin, ayahuasca, facial injection of botulinum toxin A, prasterone, and casopitant demonstrated at least one positive result in phase II trials. Ayahuasca showed a greater response rate than placebo at week one, indicating the rapid antidepressant effect.DiscussionThese new compounds with novel mechanisms of action are expected to provide a greater variety of treatment options for depression if preliminary positive results are confirmed.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2022-01-18", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1055/a-1714-9097", "pubmed_id": "35045580", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1714-9097", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Registries, Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35045580\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 4993, "title": "Psilocybine vergeleken met escitalopram bij depressie", "normalized_title": "psilocybine vergeleken met escitalopram bij depressie", "authors": "Jurriaan F. M. Strous", "abstract": "Carhart-Harris et al. performed a study in which they compared psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy to escitalopram in combination with psychotherapy for depression. In this commentary, the author first summarizes the study results: in this double blind randomized controlled trial, psilocybin yielded an antidepressant effect comparable to escitalopram. Then, the author reflects on both the implications this study might have for future clinical practice and on the still existing shortcomings pertaining to psychedelic research in psychiatry. Psychedelic treatments might become guideline-based treatment after phase III trials have been performed. However, to date, only phase II trials have been performed and little is known about psilocybin's ability to maintain its antidepressant effect. In addition, blinding issues with psychedelic treatments remain, and media might have presented a premature and overly positive image of psychedelics as a possible treatment for psychiatric illness.", "journal": "Pure Amsterdam UMC", "publication_date": "2022-01-16", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://pure.amsterdamumc.nl/en/publications/b99a8d48-a871-49d6-978c-969dd09a6dae", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Escitalopram, Blinding, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Double blind, Psychology, Clinical trial, Clinical Practice, Randomized controlled trial, Citalopram, Mental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W7132220122\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W7132220122\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001600536\",\"display_name\":\"Jurriaan F. M. Strous\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8767-2851\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407055222\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pure Amsterdam UMC\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pure.amsterdamumc.nl/en/publications/b99a8d48-a871-49d6-978c-969dd09a6dae\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Toxicity", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W7132220122" }, { "id": 1834, "title": "[Psilocybin compared with escitalopram for depression].", "normalized_title": "psilocybin compared with escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Strous JFM.", "abstract": "Carhart-Harris et al. performed a study in which they compared psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy to escitalopram in combination with psychotherapy for depression. In this commentary, the author first summarizes the study results: in this double blind randomized controlled trial, psilocybin yielded an antidepressant effect comparable to escitalopram. Then, the author reflects on both the implications this study might have for future clinical practice and on the still existing shortcomings pertaining to psychedelic research in psychiatry. Psychedelic treatments might become guideline-based treatment after phase III trials have been performed. However, to date, only phase II trials have been performed and little is known about psilocybin's ability to maintain its antidepressant effect. In addition, blinding issues with psychedelic treatments remain, and media might have presented a premature and overly positive image of psychedelics as a possible treatment for psychiatric illness.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2022-01-16", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "35138714", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35138714", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psychiatry, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35138714\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4221159545\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4221159545\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001600536\",\"display_name\":\"Jurriaan F. M. Strous\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8767-2851\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35138714\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4221159545" }, { "id": 1848, "title": "Lifetime use of MDMA/ecstasy and psilocybin is associated with reduced odds of major depressive episodes.", "normalized_title": "lifetime use of mdma ecstasy and psilocybin is associated with reduced odds of major depressive episodes", "authors": "Jones GM, Nock MK.", "abstract": "BackgroundDepression is a major mental health issue worldwide, with high rates of chronicity and non-recovery associated with the condition. Existing treatments such as antidepressant medication and psychological treatments have modest effectiveness, suggesting the need for alternative interventions.AimThe aim of this study was to examine the relationships between MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine)/ecstasy and psilocybin use and major depressive episodes (MDEs).MethodsThis observational study used data from a large (N = 213,437) nationally representative sample of US adults to test the association of lifetime use of MDMA/ecstasy, psilocybin and other classic psychedelics (lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), peyote, mescaline), other illegal substances (e.g. cocaine, phencyclidine (PCP)), and legal/medicinal substances of misuse (e.g. pain relievers, tranquilizers) with lifetime, past year, and past year severe MDEs.ResultsResults revealed that lifetime MDMA/ecstasy use was associated with significantly lowered odds of a lifetime MDE (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.84; p", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-01-04", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811211066714", "pubmed_id": "34983261", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211066714", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Hallucinogens, Health Surveys, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, United States, Female, Male, Young Adult, Patient Acuity, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34983261\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4205618858\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4205618858\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":40,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1593226667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963485898\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976410688\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983552968\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987165679\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993810702\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004288616\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031910202\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034745026\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042166241\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060307846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081793457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089149909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095931173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113285179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114183716\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116153150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116894914\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122453635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127654449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132011757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135643379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137981069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152600594\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158208927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2270276976\",\"https://openalex.org/W2542493272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567289819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608583841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735648966\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766270028\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770648950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899027265\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944263526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955008892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981779913\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006069447\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022868799\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033913667\",\"https://openalex.org/W3034931365\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095307948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3135005144\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066674976\",\"display_name\":\"Grant Jones\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-310X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082317510\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew K. Nock\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-1145\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211066714\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Observational Study,Adolescents", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4205618858" }, { "id": 1847, "title": "The effects of psilocybin on cognitive and emotional functions in healthy participants: Results from a phase 1, randomised, placebo-controlled trial involving simultaneous psilocybin administration and preparation.", "normalized_title": "the effects of psilocybin on cognitive and emotional functions in healthy participants results from a phase 1 randomised placebo controlled trial involving simultaneous psilocybin administration and preparation", "authors": "Rucker JJ, Marwood L, Ajantaival RJ, Bird C, Eriksson H, Harrison J, Lennard-Jones M, Mistry S, Saldarini F, Stansfield S, Tai SJ, Williams S, Weston N, Malievskaia E, Young AH.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin, a psychoactive serotonin receptor partial agonist, has been reported to acutely reduce clinical symptoms of depressive disorders. Psilocybin's effects on cognitive function have not been widely or systematically studied.AimThe aim of this study was to explore the safety of simultaneous administration of psilocybin to healthy participants in the largest randomised controlled trial of psilocybin to date. Primary and secondary endpoints assessed the short- and longer-term change in cognitive functioning, as assessed by a Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) Panel, and emotional processing scales. Safety was assessed via endpoints which included cognitive function, assessed by CANTAB global composite score, and treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) monitoring.MethodsIn this phase 1, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, healthy participants (n = 89; mean age 36.1 years; 41 females, 48 males) were randomised to receive a single oral dose of 10 or 25 mg psilocybin, or placebo, administered simultaneously to up to six participants, with one-to-one psychological support - each participant having an assigned, dedicated therapist available throughout the session.ResultsIn total, 511 TEAEs were reported, with a median duration of 1.0 day; 67% of all TEAEs started and resolved on the day of administration. There were no serious TEAEs, and none led to study withdrawal. There were no clinically relevant between-group differences in CANTAB global composite score, CANTAB cognitive domain scores, or emotional processing scale scores.ConclusionsThese results indicate that 10 mg and 25 mg doses of psilocybin were generally well tolerated when given to up to six participants simultaneously and did not have any detrimental short- or long-term effects on cognitive functioning or emotional processing.Clinical trial registrationEudraCT (https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/) number: 2018-000978-30.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2022-01-03", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1177/02698811211064720", "pubmed_id": "35090363", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211064720", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Cognition, Neuropsychological Tests, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Time Factors, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35090363\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":101,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1269562257\",\"https://openalex.org/W1532044842\",\"https://openalex.org/W1599190429\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978032191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000083255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024747286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056725110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100958095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108984307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117522474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122307809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134822928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150781787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163072248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412432222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2461807154\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2554961705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567289819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589381868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2769330928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806513910\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890724459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127006271\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3158216155\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4214728203\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230626221\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236038590\",\"https://openalex.org/W4256648276\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294333904\",\"https://openalex.org/W4313429353\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080462431\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey Marwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2199\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075703225\",\"display_name\":\"Riikka-Liisa Johanna Ajantaival\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033191459\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bird\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-6931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103127258\",\"display_name\":\"Hans Eriksson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1799-289X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055702421\",\"display_name\":\"John Harrison\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-4923\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033335673\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Lennard-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108850316\",\"display_name\":\"Sunil Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068780630\",\"display_name\":\"Francesco Saldarini\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6798-3898\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019711791\",\"display_name\":\"S. C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003939496\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Tai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-5796\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111726730\",\"display_name\":\"Sam Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031507161\",\"display_name\":\"N. Weston\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9961-7884\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211064720\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Healthy Volunteers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4205906672" }, { "id": 1654, "title": "Exploring the Credibility of Psilocybin-assisted Therapy and Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Depression.", "normalized_title": "exploring the credibility of psilocybin assisted therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy for depression", "authors": "Altman BR, Earleywine M, De Leo J.", "abstract": "Depression treatments succeed with many but leave others unimproved, and they can generate concerns about side effects, time, and cost. Psilocybin has generated media attention and empirical support for antidepressant effects, but lay impressions of its effectiveness are unclear. Although perceptions of treatment credibility contribute to outcome, beliefs about the credibility of psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) among potential patients remain uninvestigated, especially relative to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), a common, empirically-validated approach. The present study examined credibility ratings for CBT and PAT among individuals reporting depressive symptoms. Participants (N = 803) from Amazon's MTurk platform reported demographics, depressive symptoms, and psychotherapy experience, then read data-based vignettes describing each therapy and rated their credibility. Individuals rated CBT as more credible than PAT. Those with therapy experience rated CBT as more credible than those without. Men and lifetime hallucinogen users rated PAT more credible than women and non-users, but few other predictors accounted for much variance in credibility. Results suggest that potential clients appear cautious about PAT. As continued work examines the effectiveness of psychedelic-assisted interventions, researchers and clinicians must consider patients' beliefs about treatments as potential predictors of outcomes. Additionally, the paradigm used here might have potential for examining credibility of many interventions.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2022-01-02", "publication_year": 2022, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2021.2020382", "pubmed_id": "34979875", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2021.2020382", "keywords": "Humans, Female, Psilocybin, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34979875\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4206767983\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4206767983\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1494270537\",\"https://openalex.org/W1776258049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977873119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000828587\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017152382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020265264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043261486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056883717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080820439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088258997\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092595749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093994427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102133850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103495254\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142420226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152690559\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168248049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2273917694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2320014914\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2546514788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585493186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2602913999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2716623847\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2805681256\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808639954\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888802753\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897974919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2899520395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2909878706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2910044756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938982352\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967946137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2968408465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2968745137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016734864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3033052133\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3043077203\",\"https://openalex.org/W3045982249\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047218724\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113026224\",\"https://openalex.org/W3123680632\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\",\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155481108\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164618783\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211028654\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236747290\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247443240\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247665917\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294185218\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038304952\",\"display_name\":\"Brianna R. Altman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-2939\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090993398\",\"display_name\":\"Mitch Earleywine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-0623\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043460196\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph De Leo\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2021.2020382\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Healthcare Workers,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4206767983" }, { "id": 5023, "title": "Neurochemical properties of psilocybin in comparison to ketamine in vivo", "normalized_title": "neurochemical properties of psilocybin in comparison to ketamine in vivo", "authors": "A. Wojtas, A. Bysiek, Z. Szych, M. Herian, K. Gołembiowska", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100408", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100408", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neurochemical, Ketamine, In vivo, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Pharmacology, Medicine, Biology, Biotechnology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Treatment of Major Depression, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313201121\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313201121\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012206995\",\"display_name\":\"A. Wojtas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065633559\",\"display_name\":\"A. Bysiek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085358436\",\"display_name\":\"Z. Szych\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075525050\",\"display_name\":\"M. Herian\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049363185\",\"display_name\":\"K. Gołembiowska\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100408\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313201121" }, { "id": 5014, "title": "Psilocybin may be effective for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin may be effective for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "The largest trial to date of the psychedelic drug psilocybin has shown that, alongside psychological support, a single 25mg dose may improve the symptoms of treatment-resistant depression. The phase II study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine on 3 November 2022, was conducted across 22 sites in 10 countries, including the UK, between […]", "journal": "Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1211/pj.2022.1.164911", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2022.1.164911", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Medicine, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Keynesian economics, Economics, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313001717\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313001717\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80542161\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2022.1.164911\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313001717" }, { "id": 5013, "title": "Psilocybin: a psychedelic alternative to antidepressants?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin a psychedelic alternative to antidepressants", "authors": "", "abstract": "In November 2022, the largest trial to date of the psychedelic drug, psilocybin, showed that - alongside psychological support - a single 25mg dose could improve the symptoms of treatment-resistant depression for up to 12 weeks. Previous studies have suggested an antidepressant mechanism for psilocybin therapy and have shown that psilocybin is at least as […]", "journal": "Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1211/pj.2022.1.169269", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2022.1.169269", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychology, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312953170\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4312953170\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80542161\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2022.1.169269\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4312953170" }, { "id": 5005, "title": "The efficacy of COMP360 psilocybin therapy in treatment-resistant depression: exploratory results from a phase IIb randomised controlled trial", "normalized_title": "the efficacy of comp360 psilocybin therapy in treatment resistant depression exploratory results from a phase iib randomised controlled trial", "authors": "G. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Boadie W. Dunlop, D. Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, L. Marwood, S. Mistry, Metten Somers, S.C. Stansfield, J. Tsai, S. Williams, Allan H. Young, Sidney Zisook, E. Malievskaia", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100213", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100213", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Randomized controlled trial, Psychiatry, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Cognition, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313200620\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313200620\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077798189\",\"display_name\":\"G. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080395573\",\"display_name\":\"D. Feifel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047032117\",\"display_name\":\"L. Marwood\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016967968\",\"display_name\":\"S. Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012370983\",\"display_name\":\"S.C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043433258\",\"display_name\":\"J. Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042134638\",\"display_name\":\"S. Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053651400\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Zisook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-9185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012063316\",\"display_name\":\"E. Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100213\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313200620" }, { "id": 5002, "title": "The safety and efficacy of COMP360 psilocybin therapy in treatment-resistant depression: results from a phase IIb randomised controlled trial", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of comp360 psilocybin therapy in treatment resistant depression results from a phase iib randomised controlled trial", "authors": "G.M. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Boadie W. Dunlop, David Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, N. Hewitt, L. Marwood, S. Mistry, Metten Somers, S.C. Stansfield, J. Tsai, S. Williams, Antony Young, Sidney Zisook, E. Malievskaia", "abstract": "", "journal": "Neuroscience Applied", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100511", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100511", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Phase (matter), Medicine, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Major depressive disorder, Cognition, Chemistry, Economics, Organic chemistry, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313199626\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4313199626\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"compound:comp360\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023164918\",\"display_name\":\"G.M. Goodwin\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064457148\",\"display_name\":\"Scott T. Aaronson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-8801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056637382\",\"display_name\":\"Boadie W. Dunlop\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-0483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000063591\",\"display_name\":\"David Feifel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-0220\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048687842\",\"display_name\":\"David J. Hellerstein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039824360\",\"display_name\":\"N. Hewitt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047032117\",\"display_name\":\"L. Marwood\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016967968\",\"display_name\":\"S. Mistry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012370983\",\"display_name\":\"S.C. Stansfield\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043433258\",\"display_name\":\"J. Tsai\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042134638\",\"display_name\":\"S. Williams\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087076735\",\"display_name\":\"Antony Young\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053651400\",\"display_name\":\"Sidney Zisook\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-9185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012063316\",\"display_name\":\"E. Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210236820\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuroscience Applied\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100511\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4313199626" }, { "id": 1860, "title": "Dosing Psychedelics and MDMA.", "normalized_title": "dosing psychedelics and mdma", "authors": "Liechti ME, Holze F.", "abstract": "Classic psychedelics, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), dimethyltryptamine, and mescaline, and entactogens/empathogens, especially 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, have received renewed attention in psychiatric research and may be developed into medications for such indications as anxiety, depression, cluster headache, and posttraumatic stress disorder, among others. However, identifying proper doses is crucial. Controlled study data on dosing using well-characterized pharmaceutical formulations of the substances are scarce. The dose equivalence of different substances, dose-response effects, and subjective effects of different doses are of great interest and practically important for their clinical use in psychotherapy. Furthermore, the so-called microdosing of psychedelics has recently gained popularity, and the first placebo-controlled studies of LSD have been published. This chapter discusses different aspects of psychedelic dosing, including pharmaceutical aspects, definitions and characteristics of different doses, including microdoses, aspects of personalized dosing, and non-pharmacological factors, that can influence the response to psychedelics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2021_270", "pubmed_id": "34734392", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2021_270", "keywords": "N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34734392\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Headache / Migraine,Microdosing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3210796807" }, { "id": 1857, "title": "Psilocybin for the Treatment of Depression: A Promising New Pharmacotherapy Approach.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for the treatment of depression a promising new pharmacotherapy approach", "authors": "Agin-Liebes G, Davis AK.", "abstract": "Depression is highly prevalent and represents the leading cause of global disability and primary contributor to overall global burden of disease. Several lines of evidence from early-phase experimental trials suggest that serotonergic psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, with therapeutic support show great promise in the treatment of depression with large effect sizes. Neuroimaging data have also revealed the dynamic effects of psilocybin on functional activity within and between neural regions. This chapter reviews the methods and findings from three small human laboratory clinical trials examining the effects of psilocybin therapy for patients with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Insights from functional magnetic resonance imaging and qualitative analyses are also presented, as well as a discussion of study limitations and future directions for the research.", "journal": "Current topics in behavioral neurosciences", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2021_282", "pubmed_id": "34811715", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2021_282", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34811715\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3216485471\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":16,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W496281\",\"https://openalex.org/W1531503374\",\"https://openalex.org/W1577917850\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987450364\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995473199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017435851\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018957682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036735145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053011811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055862036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095852687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097572674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107786290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172121068\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411701272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553734262\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737966001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889525702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112172827\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134897339\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193146023\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193440797\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231328231\",\"https://openalex.org/W4360754754\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2754447418\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2021_282\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3216485471" }, { "id": 1855, "title": "Psychedelics and Hallucinogens in Psychiatry: Finding New Pharmacological Targets.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and hallucinogens in psychiatry finding new pharmacological targets", "authors": "Sousa TR, Rema J, Machado S, Novais F.", "abstract": "BackgroundThe therapeutic options for neurobehavioral disorders are still limited, and in many cases, they lack a satisfactory balance between efficacy and side effects.ObjectivesThis work aims to review current evidence regarding the potential contribution of psychedelics and hallucinogens to the discovery of new drugs for treating different psychiatric disorders.DiscussionAyahuasca/N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and psilocybin have evidence supporting their use in depression, and psilocybin and ayahuasca have also shown good results in treatment-resistant depression. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted with anxious patients, there were symptomatic improvements with psilocybin and LSD. Psilocybin diminished Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores in a small obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD) sample. The evidence is less robust regarding substance use disorders, but it suggests a possible role for LSD and psilocybin in alcohol use disorders and for psilocybin in tobacco addiction. In a clinical setting, these substances seem to be safe and well-tolerated. Their mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated, but there seems to be a preponderant role of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) 2A agonism, as well as connectivity changes within the default mode network (DMN) and amygdala and some other molecular modifications.ConclusionThe studies underlying the conclusions have small samples and are heterogeneous in their methods. However, the results suggest that the use of psychedelics and hallucinogens could be considered in some disorders. More studies are needed to reinforce their evidence as potential new drugs.", "journal": "Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.2174/1568026621666211201145800", "pubmed_id": "34852736", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026621666211201145800", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34852736\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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Reynolds de Sousa\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0416-4841\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088942401\",\"display_name\":\"João Rema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2552-5175\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044288506\",\"display_name\":\"Sérgio Machado\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8946-8467\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078808651\",\"display_name\":\"Filipa Novais\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9379-1734\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S107732428\",\"source_display_name\":\"Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026621666211201145800\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3215301772" }, { "id": 1854, "title": "Psychedelic medicines for mood disorders: current evidence and clinical considerations.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic medicines for mood disorders current evidence and clinical considerations", "authors": "Sarris J, Pinzon Rubiano D, Day K, Galvão-Coelho NL, Perkins D.", "abstract": "Purpose of reviewDespite advances in treatment modalities for mood disorders over recent decades, further therapeutic options are still required. Increased research is occurring, with the pursuit of psychedelic-based pharmacotherapies for a range of mood disorders and other conditions.Recent findingsSerotonergic psychedelics have been found to modulate brain networks underlying various psychiatric disorders, as well promoting neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. Randomized placebo-controlled trials have found psilocybin with psychological support effective at treating depression, including treatment-resistant depression; with emergent research also signalling N,N-dimethyltryptamine/ayahuasca also as a potential option for the treatment of depression. Lysergic acid diethylamide has been found to have anxiolytic effects, whereas 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has been used effectively to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with Phase III clinical trial evidence. Microdosing of psychedelics is a growing phenomenon that has shown benefits in some preclinical data; however, a recent self-directed controlled trial reported no evidence of improved mood.SummaryCurrent research with medicinal psychedelics, usually as an adjunct to psychotherapy, has shown encouraging results in treating mood disorders. However, there are challenges regarding blinding and sample sizes remain small, and there have been no definitive Phase III studies (aside from MDMA for PTSD). Further work exploring novel formulations, interface with pharmacogenomics and the microbiome, and inflammatory pathways can be advised.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1097/yco.0000000000000759", "pubmed_id": "34855694", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/yco.0000000000000759", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mood Disorders, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34855694\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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Sarris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-8854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019305066\",\"display_name\":\"Diego Pinzon Rubiano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103254095\",\"display_name\":\"Kimberley Day\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4925-3602\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041005999\",\"display_name\":\"Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4887-8635\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049230775\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Perkins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-1649\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34855694\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Genomics,Microbiome,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3214407741" }, { "id": 1851, "title": "The Potential of Psychedelics for End of Life and Palliative Care.", "normalized_title": "the potential of psychedelics for end of life and palliative care", "authors": "Yaden DB, Nayak SM, Gukasyan N, Anderson BT, Griffiths RR", "abstract": "End of life and palliative care has improved in recent decades but the psychopharmacological options available to clinicians and patients in these contexts remain limited. In particular, psychological factors such as depression, existential distress, and well-being remain challenging to address with current medications. Here, we review recent research on the use of psychedelics in clinical settings with a particular focus on patients with life-threatening diagnoses. We propose that psychedelics may provide clinicians with an additional psychopharmacological treatment in the context of end of life and palliative care.", "journal": "Current topics in behavioral neurosciences", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2021_278", "pubmed_id": "34958455", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34958455/", "keywords": "End of Life, Palliative care, Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"34958455\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Wellbeing,Review Article,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1840, "title": "Psilocybin for Trauma-Related Disorders.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for trauma related disorders", "authors": "Khan AJ, Bradley E, O'Donovan A, Woolley J.", "abstract": "Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating, chronic disorder and efficacy rates of current PTSD treatments are underwhelming. There is a critical need for innovative approaches. We provide an overview of trauma and PTSD and cite literature providing converging evidence of the therapeutic potential of psilocybin for PTSD. No study to date has investigated psilocybin or psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) as treatments for PTSD. An open-label study in traumatized AIDS survivors found that PAP reduced PTSD symptoms, attachment anxiety, and demoralization. Several PAP trials show preliminary efficacy in facilitating confronting traumatic memories, decreasing emotional avoidance, depression, anxiety, pessimism, and disconnection from others, and increasing acceptance, self-compassion, and forgiveness of abusers, all of which are relevant to PTSD recovery. There is also early evidence that other classic psychedelics may produce large reductions in PTSD symptoms in combat veterans. However, this body of literature is small, mechanisms are not yet well understood, and the risks of using psychedelic compounds for trauma-related disorders need further study. In sum, evidence supports further investigation of PAP as a radically new approach for treating PTSD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2022_366", "pubmed_id": "35711024", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2022_366", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35711024\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Veterans,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1807, "title": "Effects of Naturalistic Psychedelic Use on Depression, Anxiety, and Well-Being: Associations With Patterns of Use, Reported Harms, and Transformative Mental States.", "normalized_title": "effects of naturalistic psychedelic use on depression anxiety and well being associations with patterns of use reported harms and transformative mental states", "authors": "Raison CL, Jain R, Penn AD, Cole SP, Jain S", "abstract": "Survey-based studies suggest naturalistic psychedelic use provides mental health benefits similar to those observed in clinical trials. The current study sought to confirm these findings in a large group of psychedelic users and to conduct a novel examination of associations between amount of psychedelic use and behavioral outcomes, as well as frequency of harms ascribed to psychedelic use. A cross-sectional, online survey was completed by 2,510 adults reporting at least one lifetime psychedelic experience. Participants retrospectively completed a battery of instruments assessing depression, anxiety, and emotional well-being prior to and following psychedelic exposure. Participants also reported preferred psychedelic agent, number of uses, and harms attributed to psychedelic use. Psychedelic use was associated with significant improvements in depressive and anxious symptoms and with increased emotional well-being. These improvements increased in magnitude with increasing psychedelic exposure, with a ceiling effect. However, improvements were noted following a single lifetime use. Strong evidence for benefit of one preferred psychedelic agent over another was not observed, but enduring increases in factors related to mystical-experience and prosocial perspective taking associated with enhanced mental health. Thirteen percent of the survey sample ( = 330) endorsed at least one harm from psychedelic use, and these participants reported less mental health benefit. Results from the current study add to a growing database indicating that psychedelic use-even outside the context of clinical trials-may provide a wide range of mental health benefits, while also posing some risk for harm in a minority of individuals.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2022.831092", "pubmed_id": "35370864", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35370864/", "keywords": "anxiety, ayahuasca, depression, harms, patterns of use, psilocybin, psychedelics, well-being", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35370864\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1805, "title": "Corrigendum: Psychedelic Mushrooms in the USA: Knowledge, Patterns of Use, and Association With Health Outcomes.", "normalized_title": "corrigendum psychedelic mushrooms in the usa knowledge patterns of use and association with health outcomes", "authors": "Matzopoulos R, Morlock R, Morlock A, Lerer B, Lerer L", "abstract": "[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.780696.].", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2022.877390", "pubmed_id": "35401265", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35401265/", "keywords": "anxiety, depression, health insurance, healthcare resource utilization, population based survey, psilocybin mushroom, psychedelic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35401265\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1716, "title": "Neuroimaging Correlates of Treatment Response with Psychedelics in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "neuroimaging correlates of treatment response with psychedelics in major depressive disorder a systematic review", "authors": "Kuburi S, Di Passa AM, Tassone VK, Mahmood R, Lalovic A, Ladha KS, Dunlop K, Rizvi S, Demchenko I, Bhat V.", "abstract": "Preliminary evidence supports the use of psychedelics for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, less attention has been given to the neural mechanisms behind their effects. We conducted a systematic review examining the neuroimaging correlates of antidepressant response following psychedelic interventions for MDD. Through MEDLINE, Embase, and APA PsycINFO, 187 records were identified and 42 articles were screened. Six published studies and one conference abstract were included. Five ongoing trials were included from subjective outcomesTrials.gov. Our search covered several psychedelics, though included studies were specific to psilocybin, ayahuasca, and lysergic acid diethylamide. Three psilocybin studies noted amygdala activity and functional connectivity (FC) alterations that correlated with treatment response. Two psilocybin studies reported that FC changes in the medial and ventromedial prefrontal cortices correlated with treatment response. Two trials from a single study reported global decreases in brain network modularity which correlated with antidepressant response. One ayahuasca study reported increased activity in the limbic regions following treatment. Preliminary evidence suggests that the default mode and limbic networks may be a target for future research on the neural mechanisms of psychedelics. More data is required to corroborate these initial findings as the evidence summarized in this review is based on four datasets.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/24705470221115342", "pubmed_id": "35936944", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/24705470221115342", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35936944\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1622, "title": "The economics of psychedelic-assisted therapies: A research agenda.", "normalized_title": "the economics of psychedelic assisted therapies a research agenda", "authors": "Marseille E, Bertozzi S, Kahn JG", "abstract": "After a long hiatus, psychiatry is undergoing a resurgence of interest in psychedelic drugs as therapy for a wide range of mental health disorders Accumulating clinical evidence suggests substantial potential for psychedelics used in a therapeutic context, as treatment for, among other disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and addictions to tobacco, opioids and alcohol. As soon as 2024, powerful new therapeutic modalities could become available for individuals with mental health problems refractory to traditional therapies. Yet research has lagged on economic considerations, such as costs and cost-effectiveness, the economic effects of widespread implementation, pricing, and economic appraisal's methodological considerations relevant to psychedelic therapies. These issues are critical if psychedelic therapies are to become widely accessible. We describe six types of economic analyses and their rationale for decisions and planning including the needs of health care payers. We also outline desirable features of this research, including scientific rigor, long horizons, equity, and a global view.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1025726", "pubmed_id": "36545038", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36545038/", "keywords": "MDMA, cost-effectiveness, health economics, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36545038\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1561, "title": "Serotonergic psychedelics for depression: What do we know about neurobiological mechanisms of action?", "normalized_title": "serotonergic psychedelics for depression what do we know about neurobiological mechanisms of action", "authors": "Husain MI, Ledwos N, Fellows E, Baer J, Rosenblat JD, Blumberger DM, Mulsant BH, Castle DJ", "abstract": "Current treatment options for major depressive disorder (MDD) have limited efficacy and are associated with adverse effects. Recent studies investigating the antidepressant effect of serotonergic psychedelics-also known as classic psychedelics-have promising preliminary results with large effect sizes. In this context, we conducted a review of the putative neurobiological underpinnings of the mechanism of antidepressant action of these drugs. A narrative review was conducted using PubMed to identify published articles evaluating the antidepressant mechanism of action of serotonergic psychedelics. Serotonergic psychedelics have serotonin (5HT)2A agonist or partial agonist effects. Their rapid antidepressant effects may be mediated-in part-by their potent 5HT2A agonism, leading to rapid receptor downregulation. In addition, these psychedelics impact brain derived neurotrophic factor and immunomodulatory responses, both of which may play a role in their antidepressant effect. Several neuroimaging and neurophysiology studies evaluating mechanistic change from a network perspective can help us to further understand their mechanism of action. Some, but not all, data suggest that psychedelics may exert their effects, in part, by disrupting the activity of the default mode network, which is involved in both introspection and self-referential thinking and is over-active in MDD. The mechanisms of action underlying the antidepressant effect of serotonergic psychedelics remains an active area of research. Several competing theories are being evaluated and more research is needed to determine which ones are supported by the most robust evidence.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-12-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1076459", "pubmed_id": "36844032", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36844032/", "keywords": "LSD, ayahuasca, connectivity, depression, hallucinogen, neurobiology, psilocybin, psychedelics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:38", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"36844032\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1747, "title": "A systematic literature review of clinical trials and therapeutic applications of ibogaine.", "normalized_title": "a systematic literature review of clinical trials and therapeutic applications of ibogaine", "authors": "Köck P, Froelich K, Walter M, Lang U, Dürsteler KM.", "abstract": "BackgroundIboga and its primary alkaloids, ibogaine and noribogaine, have been of interest to researchers and practitioners, mainly due to their putative efficacy in treating substance use disorders (SUDs). For many SUDs, still no effective pharmacotherapies exist. Distinct psychoactive and somatic effects of the iboga alkaloids set them apart from classic hallucinogens like LSD, mescaline, and psilocybin.AimsThe study team performed this systematic review focusing on clinical data and therapeutic interventions involving ibogaine and noribogaine.MethodsThe team conducted a search for all publications up to December 7, 2020, using PubMed and Embase following PRISMA guidelines.ResultsIn total, we identified 743 records. In this review, we consider 24 studies, which included 705 individuals receiving ibogaine or noribogaine. This review includes two randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials, one double-blind controlled clinical trial, 17 open-label studies or case series (including observational or retrospective studies), three case reports, and one retrospective survey. The published data suggest that ibogaine is an effective therapeutic intervention within the context of SUDs, reducing withdrawal symptoms and craving. Data also point toward a beneficial impact on depressive and trauma-related psychological symptoms. However, studies have reported severe medical complications and deaths, which seem to be associated with neuro- and cardiotoxic effects of ibogaine. Two of these fatalities were described in the 24 studies included in this review.ConclusionTreatment of SUDs and persisting comorbidities requires innovative treatment approaches. Rapid-onset therapies such as the application of ibogaine may offer novel treatment opportunities for specific individuals. Rigorous study designs within medical settings are necessary to warrant safe application, monitoring, and, possibly, medical intervention.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-29", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108717", "pubmed_id": "35012793", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108717", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Alkaloids, Ibogaine, Hallucinogens, Retrospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Observational Studies as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35012793\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Observational Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3526, "title": "LSD Treatment in Persons Suffering From Anxiety Symptoms in Severe Somatic Diseases or in Psychiatric Anxiety Disorders: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase II Study", "normalized_title": "lsd treatment in persons suffering from anxiety symptoms in severe somatic diseases or in psychiatric anxiety disorders a randomized double blind placebo controlled phase ii study", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "Background: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) was extensively investigated in humans in the 1950s and 1960s. Particularly, LSD attenuated anxiety in patients with cancer. Clinical research with LSD ended in the 1970s due to regulatory restrictions but its use for personal and recreational purposes continued. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the use hallucinogens in psychiatric research and practices. LSD and psilocybin were reused in experimental studies in healthy subjects and in the treatment for anxiety in patients with life-threatening diseases. Specifically, a pilot study documented that LSD can be used safely and may reduce anxiety in these patients. Larger well-designed and placebo-controlled studies are warranted. Similar studies have recently been completed with the hallucinogen psilocybin. Objective: To test the efficacy of LSD in patients with anxiety with or without life-threatening diseases. Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled random-order cross-over trial using two LSD (200 µg) and two placebo sessions with subjects acting as their own control. Participants: 40 patients aged \\> 25 years with anxiety disorder (according to DSM-IV or a state-trait anxiety inventory score \\>40 in the STAI trait or state scale) with or without life-threatening illness. Main outcome measures: Reduction in anxiety (STAI), depression (Hamilton depression rating scale, HDRS and Beck depression inventory, BDI), and general psychopathological symptoms (Symptom Check List 90 items, SCL-90) at 2, 8, and 16 weeks after LSD- compared with placebo-assisted psychotherapy. Significance: Anxiety disorder (alone or in the context of life-threatening illness) is frequent and often insufficiently managed with available medications. This study will evaluate the potential benefits of single treatments with LSD in anxiety disorder.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-12-21", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03153579", "keywords": "Patients, Anxiety Disorders, LSD, Placebo, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03153579\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1852, "title": "Psilocybin microdosing does not affect emotion-related symptoms and processing: A preregistered field and lab-based study.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin microdosing does not affect emotion related symptoms and processing a preregistered field and lab based study", "authors": "Marschall J, Fejer G, Lempe P, Prochazkova L, Kuchar M, Hajkova K, van Elk M.", "abstract": "BackgroundMicrodoses of psychedelics (i.e. a sub-hallucinogenic dose taken every third day) can reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress according to anecdotal reports and observational studies. Research with medium to high doses of psilocybin points towards potential underlying mechanisms, including the modulation of emotion and interoceptive processing.AimsIn this preregistered study, we investigated whether psilocybin microdoses alter self-reported interoceptive awareness and whether repeated microdosing over 3 weeks modulates emotion processing and reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression.MethodsWe used a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject crossover design. Participants completed the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness Questionnaire 1½ h after self-administering their second dose (or placebo), and the emotional go/no-go task and the shortened Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 1½ h after self-administering their seventh dose.ResultsOur confirmatory analyses revealed that psilocybin microdosing did not affect emotion processing or symptoms of anxiety and depression compared with placebo. Our exploratory analyses revealed that psilocybin microdosing did not affect self-reported interoceptive awareness, that symptoms of depression and stress were significantly reduced in the first block compared with baseline, that participants broke blind in the second block and that there was no effect of expectations. Further research in a substance-naïve population with clinical range anxiety and depressive symptoms is needed to substantiate the potential beneficial effects of microdosing.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-12-16", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/02698811211050556", "pubmed_id": "34915762", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211050556", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Emotions, Anxiety, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34915762\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200583144\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200583144\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":68,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W22529605\",\"https://openalex.org/W1526898363\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974098282\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974721535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023999328\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025089570\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034154165\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088994872\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090114941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092282242\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105190393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141674457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148993214\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150407416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153159895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153791616\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156892222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162440526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166820186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2488640608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2599276130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789213216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793853595\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892307734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897080393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944038128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945335566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969627127\",\"https://openalex.org/W2990036135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996366481\",\"https://openalex.org/W3002125030\",\"https://openalex.org/W3022169380\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092151265\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093109301\",\"https://openalex.org/W3122801192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159653784\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166100102\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030624983\",\"display_name\":\"Josephine Marschall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-2417\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084687542\",\"display_name\":\"George Fejer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4904-5504\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056906044\",\"display_name\":\"Pascal Lempe\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010403613\",\"display_name\":\"Luisa Prochazkova\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7992-3603\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084865612\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Kuchař\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7616-6352\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000277095\",\"display_name\":\"Kateřina Hájková\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-2472\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004497618\",\"display_name\":\"Michiel van Elk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-3551\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211050556\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Microdosing,Emotional Processing,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200583144" }, { "id": 1817, "title": "Beating pain with psychedelics: Matter over mind?", "normalized_title": "beating pain with psychedelics matter over mind", "authors": "Elman I, Pustilnik A, Borsook D.", "abstract": "Basic pain research has shed light on key cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying nociceptive and phenomenological aspects of pain. Despite these advances, we still yearn for the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies to address the unmet needs of about 70 % of chronic neuropathic pain patients whose pain fails to respond to opioids as well as to other conventional analgesic agents. Importantly, a substantial body of clinical observations over the past decade cumulatively suggests that the psychedelic class of drugs may possess heuristic value for understanding and treating chronic pain conditions. The present review presents a theoretical framework for hitherto insufficiently understood neuroscience-based mechanisms of psychedelics' potential analgesic effects. To that end, searches of PubMed-indexed journals were performed using the following Medical Subject Headings' terms: pain, analgesia, inflammatory, brain connectivity, ketamine, psilocybin, functional imaging, and dendrites. Recursive sets of scientific and clinical evidence extracted from this literature review were summarized within the following key areas: (1) studies employing psychedelics for alleviation of physical and emotional pain; (2) potential neuro-restorative effects of psychedelics to remediate the impaired connectivity underlying the dissociation between pain-related conscious states/cognitions and the subcortical activity/function leading to the eventual chronicity through immediate and long-term effects on dentritic plasticity; (3) anti-neuroinflammatory and pro-immunomodulatory actions of psychedelics as the may pertain to the role of these factors in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain; (4) safety, legal, and ethical consideration inherent in psychedelics' pharmacotherapy. In addition to direct beneficial effects in terms of reduction of pain and suffering, psychedelics' inclusion in the analgesic armamentarium will contribute to deeper and more sophisticated insights not only into pain syndromes but also into frequently comorbid psychiatric condition associated with emotional pain, e.g., depressive and anxiety disorders. Further inquiry is clearly warranted into the above areas that have potential to evolve into further elucidate the mechanisms of chronic pain and affective disorders, and lead to the development of innovative, safe, and more efficacious neurobiologically-based therapeutic approaches.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-15", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.005", "pubmed_id": "34922987", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.005", "keywords": "Humans, Analgesics, Analgesics, Opioid, Hallucinogens, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34922987\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Aging,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Safety,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1808, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depression: Emerging research on a psychedelic compound with a rich history.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression emerging research on a psychedelic compound with a rich history", "authors": "Pearson C, Siegel J, Gold JA.", "abstract": "There is a serious need for novel therapies that treat individuals with depression, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). An emerging body of research has demonstrated that psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin, combined with supportive psychotherapy, exert rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. The use of psychedelics is not new: they have a rich history with evidence of their use in ritual and medical settings. However, due to political, social, and cultural pressures, their use was limited until modern clinical trials began to emerge in the 2010s. This review provides a comprehensive look at the potential use of psilocybin in the treatment of depression and TRD. It includes an overview of the history, pharmacology, and proposed mechanism of psilocybin, and describes several published studies in the last decade which have provided evidence of the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for individuals with depression. It also includes a discussion of the limitations and barriers of current research on psychedelics. The results of these studies are contextualized within the current treatment landscape through an overview of the pathophysiology of depression and the treatments currently in use, as well as the clinical needs these novel therapies have the promise to fulfill.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-15", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.jns.2021.120096", "pubmed_id": "34942586", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2021.120096", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34942586\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3500, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin in Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin in major depressive disorder", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "The proposed pilot study will assess whether people with major depressive disorder experience psychological and behavioral benefits and/or harms from psilocybin. This study will investigate acute and persisting effects of psilocybin on depressive symptoms and other moods, attitudes, and behaviors. The primary hypothesis is that psilocybin will lead to rapid and sustained antidepressant response, as measured with standard depression rating scales.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-12-14", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03181529", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03181529\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1873, "title": "1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: A Future Approach to the Metabolic Profiling of Psychedelics in Human Biofluids?", "normalized_title": "1h nuclear magnetic resonance a future approach to the metabolic profiling of psychedelics in human biofluids", "authors": "Vilca-Melendez S, Uthaug MV, Griffin JL.", "abstract": "While psychedelics may have therapeutic potential for treating mental health disorders such as depression, further research is needed to better understand their biological effects and mechanisms of action when considering the development of future novel therapy approaches. Psychedelic research could potentially benefit from the integration of metabonomics by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy which is an analytical chemistry-based approach that can measure the breakdown of drugs into their metabolites and their metabolic consequences from various biofluids. We have performed a systematic review with the primary aim of exploring published literature where 1H NMR analysed psychedelic substances including psilocin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), LSD derivatives, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) and bufotenin. The second aim was to assess the benefits and limitations of 1H NMR spectroscopy-based metabolomics as a tool in psychedelic research and the final aim was to explore potential future directions. We found that the most current use of 1H NMR in psychedelic research has been for the structural elucidation and analytical characterisation of psychedelic molecules and that no papers used 1H NMR in the metabolic profiling of biofluids, thus exposing a current research gap and the underuse of 1H NMR. The efficacy of 1H NMR spectroscopy was also compared to mass spectrometry, where both metabonomics techniques have previously shown to be appropriate for biofluid analysis in other applications. Additionally, potential future directions for psychedelic research were identified as real-time NMR, in vivo 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and 1H NMR studies of the gut microbiome. Further psychedelic studies need to be conducted that incorporate the use of 1H NMR spectroscopy in the analysis of metabolites both in the peripheral biofluids and in vivo to determine whether it will be an effective future approach for clinical and naturalistic research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-12-12", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.742856", "pubmed_id": "34966300", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.742856", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34966300\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Systematic Review,Review Article,Metabolomics,Microbiome", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1874, "title": "A Spectrum of Selves Reinforced in Multilevel Coherence: A Contextual Behavioural Response to the Challenges of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Development.", "normalized_title": "a spectrum of selves reinforced in multilevel coherence a contextual behavioural response to the challenges of psychedelic assisted therapy development", "authors": "Whitfield HJ.", "abstract": "Psychedelic-assisted therapy research for depression and PTSD has been fast tracked in the United States with the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) granting breakthrough designations for MDMA (post-traumatic stress disorder) and psilocybin (major depressive disorder). The psychotherapeutic treatments accompanying these psychedelics have not been well-studied and remain controversial. This article reviews the challenges unique to psychedelic-assisted therapy and introduces a newly optimised psychological flexibility model that adapts Contextual Behavioural Science (CBS)/Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to those multiple challenges, including ego inflation, traumatic memories, and the perceived presence of entities. A methodology aligned with biological mechanisms, psychological processes and therapeutic contexts may be advantageous for improving outcomes. This model expands ACT by integrating practices and data from psychedelic-assisted therapy research into a Contextual Behavioural Science framework, allowing both fields to inform each other. Psychological flexibility processes are questioned and adapted to a psychedelic context, and interventions that operationalise these processes are considered. The principle through-line of the paper is to consider varied constructs of Self, as understood by these fields, and integrates respective elements of varied self-models, interventions and data into a Spectrum of Selves model for psychedelic-assisted therapy. Secondly the paper examines how to select and retain new self-perspectives and their corresponding behaviours systemically, drawing from evolutionary science principles. A case example of such behavioural reinforcement is provided, as well as a psychedelic integration checklist to guide the practical implementation of such an approach. This method can enable a coherent therapeutic framework with clear operational relationships between (1) problematic behaviour patterns that an individual wishes to address (2) the guided psychedelic experiences of that individual, and (3) the barriers to maintaining any changes, thus increasing theoretical-practical coherence, broadening treatment benefits and reducing relapse in psychedelic-assisted therapy. Research questions for further developing a CBS-consistent psychedelic-assisted therapy are offered.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-12-06", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.727572", "pubmed_id": "34950063", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.727572", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34950063\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200524305\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200524305\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":26,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W40126493\",\"https://openalex.org/W41739160\",\"https://openalex.org/W596458130\",\"https://openalex.org/W620866414\",\"https://openalex.org/W1579245897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002842229\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011197371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030680811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033047816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041656200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044880034\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056324512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072975230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078935007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095622390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097917677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109705747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113795688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121266378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127345956\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169270823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2313382114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2437324972\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2500843677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2514108040\",\"https://openalex.org/W2525190545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2618615166\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2716623847\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2760068487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768561902\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790248870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2794376646\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801198981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2809850625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887016029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900604419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2920559226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921561928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944263526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985188679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999728538\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003368154\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014277121\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3018943978\",\"https://openalex.org/W3025361548\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039116382\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084039345\",\"https://openalex.org/W3100714436\",\"https://openalex.org/W3139397908\",\"https://openalex.org/W3152417644\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177511739\",\"https://openalex.org/W3193503966\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207814356\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213373621\",\"https://openalex.org/W4233475842\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250467785\",\"https://openalex.org/W4297677430\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386218079\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388055659\",\"https://openalex.org/W6601615983\",\"https://openalex.org/W6698631054\",\"https://openalex.org/W6804083353\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109831612\",\"display_name\":\"Henry J. Whitfield\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.727572\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Psychological Flexibility,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200524305" }, { "id": 5037, "title": "P.0421 Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression (EPIsoDE) - study design, rationale and current status", "normalized_title": "p 0421 efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment resistant major depression episode study design rationale and current status", "authors": "Lea J. Mertens, Michael Koslowski, Felix Betzler, Ricarda Evens, Maria Gilles, Andrea Jungaberle, Henrik Jungaberle, Tomislav Majić, Max Wolff, Andreas Ströhle, Stefan Wellek, Gerhard Gründer", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-11-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.394", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.394", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Consciousness, Context (archaeology), Argument (complex analysis), Psychotherapist, Mental health, Developmental psychology, Cognitive psychology, Clinical psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Biology, Paleontology, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200326768\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200326768\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045306689\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Koslowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8798-9875\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031618523\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Betzler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-4870\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054444045\",\"display_name\":\"Ricarda Evens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015683895\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Gilles\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9604-4459\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016321877\",\"display_name\":\"Andrea Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001710309\",\"display_name\":\"Henrik Jungaberle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065637165\",\"display_name\":\"Tomislav Majić\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2950-6673\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075794355\",\"display_name\":\"Max Wolff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-9633\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066612577\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Ströhle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0935-3702\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063934463\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Wellek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-8122\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081339058\",\"display_name\":\"Gerhard Gründer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-3903\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.394\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Consciousness,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200326768" }, { "id": 5033, "title": "P.0885 The effect of psilocybin therapy for depression on low-frequency brain activity in response to music", "normalized_title": "p 0885 the effect of psilocybin therapy for depression on low frequency brain activity in response to music", "authors": "Matthew B. Wall, Cynthia Lam, Natalie Ertl, Mendel Kaelen, Leor Roseman, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-11-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.741", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.741", "keywords": "Glucocorticoid receptor, Endocrinology, Glucocorticoid, Internal medicine, Mineralocorticoid receptor, Mineralocorticoid, Receptor, In vivo, Gene expression, Corticosterone, Medicine, Psychology, Chemistry, Biology, Gene, Hormone, Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques, Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200025628\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200025628\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890356717\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069665617\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Wall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-6274\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060868416\",\"display_name\":\"Cynthia Lam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1434-7411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004040027\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Ertl\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-1870\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.741\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200025628" }, { "id": 5032, "title": "P.0729 Highlights of psychedelic history and current research on psilocybin application for treatment of depression - a comprehensive literature review", "normalized_title": "p 0729 highlights of psychedelic history and current research on psilocybin application for treatment of depression a comprehensive literature review", "authors": "Sara Penedos, Caio Freitas Ramos, María José López Miguel, Márcio José Martins Alves, Luciana Campos Paulino, Adriano Valério S. Azevêdo, M. Magalhães, L. Moreno, N. Ribeiro, Inês Fonseca, Ana Margarida Romão Franco, Luís Madruga, A. Gamito", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-11-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.797", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.797", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Anorexia nervosa, Psychology, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Eating disorders, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:58", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200007802\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200007802\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083222535\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Penedos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110579190\",\"display_name\":\"Caio Freitas Ramos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110827741\",\"display_name\":\"María José López Miguel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042484784\",\"display_name\":\"Márcio José Martins Alves\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-4338\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030060528\",\"display_name\":\"Luciana Campos Paulino\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2421-5236\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112719935\",\"display_name\":\"Adriano Valério S. Azevêdo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5081163504\",\"display_name\":\"M. Magalhães\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2218-8493\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111421995\",\"display_name\":\"L. Moreno\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070677892\",\"display_name\":\"N. Ribeiro\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7704-498X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040643475\",\"display_name\":\"Inês Fonseca\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6777-069X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083355508\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Margarida Romão Franco\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-0599\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110752961\",\"display_name\":\"Luís Madruga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5107932784\",\"display_name\":\"A. Gamito\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.797\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200007802" }, { "id": 1876, "title": "Homebrewed psilocybin: can new routes for pharmaceutical psilocybin production enable recreational use?", "normalized_title": "homebrewed psilocybin can new routes for pharmaceutical psilocybin production enable recreational use", "authors": "Gibbons WJ, McKinney MG, O'Dell PJ, Bollinger BA, Jones JA.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a drug most commonly recognized as a recreational psychedelic, is quickly gaining attention as a promising therapy for an expanding range of neurological conditions, including depression, anxiety, and addiction. This growing interest has led to many recent advancements in psilocybin synthesis strategies, including multiple in vivo fermentation-based approaches catalyzed by recombinant microorganisms. In this work, we show that psilocybin can be produced in biologically relevant quantities using a recombinant E. coli strain in a homebrew style environment. In less than 2 days, we successfully produced approximately 300 mg/L of psilocybin under simple conditions with easily sourced equipment and supplies. This finding raises the question of how this new technology should be regulated as to not facilitate clandestine biosynthesis efforts, while still enabling advancements in psilocybin synthesis technology for pharmaceutical applications. Here, we present our homebrew results, and suggestions on how to address the regulatory concerns accompanying this new technology.", "journal": "Bioengineered", "publication_date": "2021-11-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1080/21655979.2021.1987090", "pubmed_id": "34607532", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2021.1987090", "keywords": "Humans, Escherichia coli, Hallucinogens, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Fermentation, Metabolic Engineering, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34607532\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3203128580\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3203128580\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":8,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1714715366\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974154333\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990917657\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994878225\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997634706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001069285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002482713\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006084232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015086459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032040495\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035804190\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081538358\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093388324\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094736993\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098019483\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130996362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138205958\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164981793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166323054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2180940894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2295316723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492866516\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560804344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2621371579\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791112841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810311264\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917202476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950142201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957392697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999478951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013100262\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015371627\",\"https://openalex.org/W3039457381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3126260393\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"William J. Gibbons\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069767550\",\"display_name\":\"Madeline G. McKinney\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9109-2154\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082807895\",\"display_name\":\"Philip J. O’Dell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8704-1806\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073549324\",\"display_name\":\"Brooke A. Bollinger\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070067902\",\"display_name\":\"J. Andrew Jones\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9068-2126\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210193419\",\"source_display_name\":\"Bioengineered\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2021.1987090\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3203128580" }, { "id": 1875, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for the treatment of resistant major depressive disorder (PsiDeR): protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled feasibility trial.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for the treatment of resistant major depressive disorder psider protocol for a randomised placebo controlled feasibility trial", "authors": "Rucker J, Jafari H, Mantingh T, Bird C, Modlin NL, Knight G, Reinholdt F, Day C, Carter B, Young A.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin-assisted therapy may be a new treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), with encouraging data from pilot trials. In this trial (short name: PsiDeR) we aimed to test the feasibility of a parallel-group, randomised, placebo-controlled design. The primary outcomes in this trial are measures of feasibility: recruitment rates, dropout rates and the variance of the primary outcome measure of depression.Methods and analysisWe are recruiting up to 60 participants at a single centre in London, UK who are unresponsive to, or intolerant of, at least two evidence-based treatments for MDD. Participants are randomised to receive a single dosing session of 25 mg psilocybin or a placebo. All participants receive a package of psychological therapy. The primary outcome measure for depression is the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale collected by blinded, independent raters. The primary endpoint is at 3 weeks, and the total follow-up is 6 weeks. With further informed consent, this study collects neuroimaging and omics data for mechanism and biomarker analyses and offers participants an open label extension consisting of a further, open label dose of 25 mg of psilocybin.Ethics and disseminationAll participants will be required to provide written informed consent. The trial has been authorised by the National Research Ethics Committee (20-LO/0206), Health Research Authority (252750) and Medicine's and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (CTA14523/0284/001-0001) in the UK. Dissemination of results will occur via a peer-reviewed publication and other relevant media.Trial registration numbersEUDRACT2018-003573-97; NCT04959253.", "journal": "BMJ Open", "publication_date": "2021-11-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056091", "pubmed_id": "34853114", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056091", "keywords": "Humans, Treatment Outcome, Feasibility Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34853114\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3215511316\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3215511316\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":23,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W592732404\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987450364\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990166011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026718830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051426845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069138677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091746900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096230543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100494938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129576675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131823335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170036462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2245231029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312475727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W6606356782\",\"https://openalex.org/W6647103571\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103008102\",\"display_name\":\"Hassan Jafari\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-6419\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005981632\",\"display_name\":\"Tim Mantingh\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3414-6388\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033191459\",\"display_name\":\"Catherine Bird\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-6931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037169539\",\"display_name\":\"Nadav Liam Modlin\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-4354\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015494091\",\"display_name\":\"Gemma Knight\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082252502\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick Reinholdt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109366794\",\"display_name\":\"Camilla Day\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046465972\",\"display_name\":\"Ben Carter\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0318-8865\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058414502\",\"display_name\":\"Allan H. Young\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-6952\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S79054089\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056091\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Biomarkers,Aging,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3215511316" }, { "id": 1749, "title": "Molecular insights into psychedelic drug action.", "normalized_title": "molecular insights into psychedelic drug action", "authors": "Slocum ST, DiBerto JF, Roth BL.", "abstract": "A confluence of factors has renewed interest in the scientific understanding and translational potential of psychedelic drugs such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, and psilocybin: the desire for additional approaches to mental health care, incremental progress in basic and clinical research, and the reconsideration and relaxation of existing drug policies. With the United States Food and Drug Administration's designation of psilocybin as a \"Breakthrough Therapy\" for treatment-resistant depression, a new path has been forged for the conveyance of psychedelics to the clinic. Essential to the further development of such applications, however, is a clearer understanding of how these drugs exert their effects at the molecular level. Here we review the current knowledge regarding the molecular details of psychedelic drug actions and suggest that these discoveries can facilitate new insights into their hallucinogenic and therapeutic mechanisms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-11-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1111/jnc.15540", "pubmed_id": "34797943", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.15540", "keywords": "Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, United States, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34797943\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1856, "title": "Psychedelics for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and existential distress in patients with a terminal illness: a systematic review.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics for the treatment of depression anxiety and existential distress in patients with a terminal illness a systematic review", "authors": "Schimmers N, Breeksema JJ, Smith-Apeldoorn SY, Veraart J, van den Brink W, Schoevers RA.", "abstract": "BackgroundTerminally ill patients may experience existential distress, depression, or anxiety, limiting quality of life in the final stage. Existing psychotherapeutic or pharmacological interventions have (time) limited efficacy. Psychedelic treatment may be a safe and effective alternative treatment option.AimSystematically review studies on psychedelic treatment with and without psychotherapy for existential distress, depression, and anxiety in terminally ill patients.MethodsMedline, PsycINFO, and Embase were searched for original-data studies on the treatment of depression, anxiety, and existential distress with classical or a-typical psychedelics in patients with a terminal illness, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.ResultsA total of 1850 records were screened, and 33 articles were included in this review: 14 studies on classical psychedelics (DPT, LSD, and psilocybin) and 19 studies on atypical psychedelics (MDMA and ketamine). Results of early pre-post studies are promising but have serious methodological flaws. Recent (controlled) trials with LSD, psilocybin, ketamine, and MDMA are of higher methodological quality and indicate positive effects on existential and spiritual well-being, quality of life, acceptance, and reduction of anxiety and depression with few adverse and no serious adverse effects.ConclusionsBoth classical and a-typical psychedelics are promising treatment options in patients with terminal illness. To draw final conclusions on effectiveness and safety of psychedelics, we need larger high-quality studies for classical psychedelics and MDMA. Ketamine studies should pay more attention to existential dimensions of well-being and the psychotherapeutic context of the treatment.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-11-22", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-021-06027-y", "pubmed_id": "34812901", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-06027-y", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Quality of Life, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34812901\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1800, "title": "Acute Effects of Psilocybin After Escitalopram or Placebo Pretreatment in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study in Healthy Subjects.", "normalized_title": "acute effects of psilocybin after escitalopram or placebo pretreatment in a randomized double blind placebo controlled crossover study in healthy subjects", "authors": "Becker AM, Holze F, Grandinetti T, Klaiber A, Toedtli VE, Kolaczynska KE, Duthaler U, Varghese N, Eckert A, Grünblatt E, Liechti ME.", "abstract": "The psychedelic psilocybin is being investigated for the treatment of depression and anxiety. Unclear is whether antidepressant treatments interact with psilocybin. The present study used a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design with two experimental test sessions to investigate the response to psilocybin (25 mg) in healthy subjects after pretreatment with escitalopram or placebo. The treatment order was random and counterbalanced. Pretreatment consisted of 10 mg escitalopram daily for 7 days, followed by 20 mg daily for 7 days, including the day of psilocybin administration, or 14 days of placebo pretreatment before psilocybin administration. Psilocybin treatments were separated by at least 16 days. The outcome measures included self-rating scales that evaluated subjective effects, autonomic effects, adverse effects, plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, electrocardiogram QTc time, whole-blood HTR2A and SCL6A4 gene expression, and pharmacokinetics. Escitalopram pretreatment had no relevant effect on positive mood effects of psilocybin but significantly reduced bad drug effects, anxiety, adverse cardiovascular effects, and other adverse effects of psilocybin compared with placebo pretreatment. Escitalopram did not alter the pharmacokinetics of psilocin. The half-life of psychoactive free (unconjugated) psilocin was 1.8 hours (range 1.1-2.2 hours), consistent with the short duration of action of psilocybin. Escitalopram did not alter HTR2A or SCL6A4 gene expression before psilocybin administration, QTc intervals, or circulating BDNF levels before or after psilocybin administration. Further studies are needed with a longer antidepressant pretreatment time and patients with psychiatric disorders to further define interactions between antidepressants and psilocybin.", "journal": "Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics", "publication_date": "2021-11-21", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1002/cpt.2487", "pubmed_id": "34743319", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.2487", "keywords": "Humans, Citalopram, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Antidepressive Agents, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin, Escitalopram", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34743319\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3213378850\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":176,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1636456397\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967559575\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002554882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032081573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051089184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055241614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160167761\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397862430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2512973285\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2658085546\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894846833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900623436\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923436703\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948924404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983486486\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016448445\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082850425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092027192\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093375227\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107283988\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113337956\",\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157088173\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182695044\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012996786\",\"display_name\":\"A. Becker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-7945\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028081191\",\"display_name\":\"Friederike Holze\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-1519\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046461921\",\"display_name\":\"Tanja Grandinetti\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021170956\",\"display_name\":\"Aaron Klaiber\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5199-7004\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019588028\",\"display_name\":\"Vanja E. Toedtli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055068028\",\"display_name\":\"Karolina E. Kolaczynska\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1714-0758\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024133720\",\"display_name\":\"Urs Duthaler\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7811-3932\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018641310\",\"display_name\":\"Nimmy Varghese\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-0535\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052160307\",\"display_name\":\"Anne Eckert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9341-3669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074585037\",\"display_name\":\"Edna Grünblatt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8505-7265\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071962736\",\"display_name\":\"Matthias E. Liechti\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1765-9659\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S159852663\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.2487\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Healthy Volunteers,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3213378850" }, { "id": 1885, "title": "Adults who microdose psychedelics report health related motivations and lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to non-microdosers.", "normalized_title": "adults who microdose psychedelics report health related motivations and lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to non microdosers", "authors": "Rootman JM, Kryskow P, Harvey K, Stamets P, Santos-Brault E, Kuypers KPC, Polito V, Bourzat F, Walsh Z.", "abstract": "The use of psychedelic substances at sub-sensorium 'microdoses', has gained popular academic interest for reported positive effects on wellness and cognition. The present study describes microdosing practices, motivations and mental health among a sample of self-selected microdosers (n = 4050) and non-microdosers (n = 4653) via a mobile application. Psilocybin was the most commonly used microdose substances in our sample (85%) and we identified diverse microdose practices with regard to dosage, frequency, and the practice of stacking which involves combining psilocybin with non-psychedelic substances such as Lion's Mane mushrooms, chocolate, and niacin. Microdosers were generally similar to non-microdosing controls with regard to demographics, but were more likely to report a history of mental health concerns. Among individuals reporting mental health concerns, microdosers exhibited lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress across gender. Health and wellness-related motives were the most prominent motives across microdosers in general, and were more prominent among females and among individuals who reported mental health concerns. Our results indicate health and wellness motives and perceived mental health benefits among microdosers, and highlight the need for further research into the mental health consequences of microdosing including studies with rigorous longitudinal designs.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2021-11-17", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4", "pubmed_id": "34795334", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Anxiety, Motivation, Mental Health, Cognition, International Cooperation, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34795334\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3211842562\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":77,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1967643238\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987686962\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021939469\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046841768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085610044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093994427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117522474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122063286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141674457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2326523421\",\"https://openalex.org/W2343604613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2530925494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2758523683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2785254539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789213216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790078952\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793644042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799231894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804153279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889525702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891887539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2920961318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944038128\",\"https://openalex.org/W2946918750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964775179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2966737886\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967433491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969627127\",\"https://openalex.org/W2977941533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981686921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2997263850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2997533635\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000927728\",\"https://openalex.org/W3002125030\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004910645\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007315114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3049726171\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080361799\",\"https://openalex.org/W3084012977\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092548915\",\"https://openalex.org/W3097556944\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117098499\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251765303\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006946827\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph M. Rootman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063782496\",\"display_name\":\"Pamela Kryskow\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0310-0368\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075648744\",\"display_name\":\"Kalin Harvey\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061363389\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Stamets\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1319-6914\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019552549\",\"display_name\":\"Eesmyal Santos-Brault\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-2940\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024651565\",\"display_name\":\"Kim P. C. Kuypers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-3809\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045686739\",\"display_name\":\"Vince Polito\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-9074\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067083058\",\"display_name\":\"Francoise Bourzat\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112603217\",\"display_name\":\"Zach Walsh\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Observational Study,Adolescents", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3211842562" }, { "id": 1858, "title": "Molecular Mechanisms of Psilocybin and Implications for the Treatment of Depression.", "normalized_title": "molecular mechanisms of psilocybin and implications for the treatment of depression", "authors": "Ling S, Ceban F, Lui LMW, Lee Y, Teopiz KM, Rodrigues NB, Lipsitz O, Gill H, Subramaniapillai M, Mansur RB, Lin K, Ho R, Rosenblat JD, Castle D, McIntyre RS.", "abstract": "Therapeutic deficiencies with monoaminergic antidepressants invites the need to identify and develop novel rapid-acting antidepressants. Hitherto, ketamine and esketamine are identified as safe, well-tolerated rapid-acting antidepressants in adults with treatment-resistant depression, and also mitigate measures of suicidality. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychoactive alkaloid and non-selective agonist at many serotonin receptors, especially at serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, and is found in the Psilocybe genus of mushrooms. Preliminary studies with psilocybin have shown therapeutic promise across diverse populations including major depressive disorder. The pharmacodynamic mechanisms mediating the antidepressant and psychedelic effects of psilocybin are currently unknown but are thought to involve the modulation of the serotonergic system, primarily through agonism at the 5-HT2A receptors and downstream changes in gene expression. It is also established that indirect effects on dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems are contributory, as well as effects at other lower affinity targets. Along with the direct effects on neurochemical systems, psilocybin alters neural circuitry and key brain regions previously implicated in depression, including the default mode network and amygdala. The aim of this review is to synthesize the current understanding of the receptor pharmacology and neuronal mechanisms underlying the psychedelic and putative antidepressant properties of psilocybin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-11-16", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/s40263-021-00877-y", "pubmed_id": "34791625", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-021-00877-y", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34791625\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1845, "title": "Human behavioral pharmacology of psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "human behavioral pharmacology of psychedelics", "authors": "Strickland JC, Johnson MW.", "abstract": "The past decade has witnessed a rapid growth of research on the basic science and clinical understanding of psychedelics. This chapter provides an overview of the human behavioral pharmacology of psychedelics focusing on three prototypic classic psychedelics-psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and dimethyltryptamine (DMT). A brief historical overview of the classic psychedelics and naming and drug classification is first specified. Next, special considerations in the conduct of human behavioral pharmacology work with psychedelics is described including the role of set and setting, mystical experience measurement, the use of effective blinding and placebos, and the abuse liability of psychedelics. Following, a description of the subjective, physiological, and clinical effects of psilocybin, LSD, and DMT is provided. This body of work clearly documents a unique and complex collection of subjective effects following psychedelic use, both during acute drug administration and as related to long-term behavior change following use. Clinical research demonstrates potential therapeutic utility with early phase clinical trials showing positive and enduring effects in many difficult-to-treat conditions including treatment-resistant depression, alcohol use disorder, and cigarette smoking. Future work in this newly reemerged field is needed to reveal mechanisms of behavior change in psychedelic drug action. Behavioral pharmacology is ultimately well served to provide this direction answering questions at the intersection of environment and pharmacology.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-11-10", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/bs.apha.2021.10.003", "pubmed_id": "35341564", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apha.2021.10.003", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35341564\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Abuse Liability", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1818, "title": "[Rapid-acting antidepressants-neurobiological mechanisms of action].", "normalized_title": "rapid acting antidepressants neurobiological mechanisms of action", "authors": "Gass P, Vasilescu AN, Inta D.", "abstract": "Rapid-acting antidepressants disprove the dogma that antidepressants need several weeks to become clinically effective. Ketamine, the prototype of a rapid-acting antidepressant, is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor blocking agent. A single i.v. application of ketamine induces rapid changes in glutamatergic neurotransmitter systems, leading to preferential activation of glutamatergic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. This evokes the activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), causing plastic changes in the central nervous system within 24 h. In the prefrontal cortex ketamine leads to a regeneration of synaptic contacts, which have been damaged by chronic stress. This regeneration correlates with improvement of depression-like behavioral changes in rodent models. Classical monoaminergic antidepressants can cause similar changes but with considerably longer latency periods. For clinical application a nasal spray of esketamine has been developed, since this enantiomer has the highest affinity for NMDA receptors; however, since R-ketamine and certain ketamine metabolites also have antidepressant effects in preclinical models, these are currently being tested in clinical studies. Moreover, there are many other glutamatergic substances under clinical investigation for antidepressant effects without ketamine-like adverse effects. In addition, there are also several promising rapid-acting antidepressants that do not primarily act via the glutamate system, such as the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor modulator brexanolone or the serotonin receptor agonist psilocybin.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-11-10", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/s00115-021-01225-7", "pubmed_id": "34766186", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-021-01225-7", "keywords": "Central Nervous System, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Neurobiology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34766186\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1887, "title": "Daily briefing: Largest trial shows psilocybin is effective to treat depression.", "normalized_title": "daily briefing largest trial shows psilocybin is effective to treat depression", "authors": "Graham F.", "abstract": "", "journal": "Nature", "publication_date": "2021-11-09", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1038/d41586-021-03413-6", "pubmed_id": "34764467", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-03413-6", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34764467\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200395175\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4200395175\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064581233\",\"display_name\":\"Flora Graham\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7674-1509\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S137773608\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-03413-6\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200395175" }, { "id": 1888, "title": "Psilocybin therapy increases cognitive and neural flexibility in patients with major depressive disorder.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy increases cognitive and neural flexibility in patients with major depressive disorder", "authors": "Doss MK, Považan M, Rosenberg MD, Sepeda ND, Davis AK, Finan PH, Smith GS, Pekar JJ, Barker PB, Griffiths RR, Barrett FS.", "abstract": "Psilocybin has shown promise for the treatment of mood disorders, which are often accompanied by cognitive dysfunction including cognitive rigidity. Recent studies have proposed neuropsychoplastogenic effects as mechanisms underlying the enduring therapeutic effects of psilocybin. In an open-label study of 24 patients with major depressive disorder, we tested the enduring effects of psilocybin therapy on cognitive flexibility (perseverative errors on a set-shifting task), neural flexibility (dynamics of functional connectivity or dFC via functional magnetic resonance imaging), and neurometabolite concentrations (via magnetic resonance spectroscopy) in brain regions supporting cognitive flexibility and implicated in acute psilocybin effects (e.g., the anterior cingulate cortex, or ACC). Psilocybin therapy increased cognitive flexibility for at least 4 weeks post-treatment, though these improvements were not correlated with the previously reported antidepressant effects. One week after psilocybin therapy, glutamate and N-acetylaspartate concentrations were decreased in the ACC, and dFC was increased between the ACC and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Surprisingly, greater increases in dFC between the ACC and PCC were associated with less improvement in cognitive flexibility after psilocybin therapy. Connectome-based predictive modeling demonstrated that baseline dFC emanating from the ACC predicted improvements in cognitive flexibility. In these models, greater baseline dFC was associated with better baseline cognitive flexibility but less improvement in cognitive flexibility. These findings suggest a nuanced relationship between cognitive and neural flexibility. Whereas some enduring increases in neural dynamics may allow for shifting out of a maladaptively rigid state, larger persisting increases in neural dynamics may be of less benefit to psilocybin therapy.", "journal": "Translational Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-11-07", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1038/s41398-021-01706-y", "pubmed_id": "34750350", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01706-y", "keywords": "Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34750350\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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K. Doss\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2939-2522\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070371036\",\"display_name\":\"Michal Považan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-5162\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031168514\",\"display_name\":\"Monica D. Rosenberg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-4025\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063337848\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick H. Finan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-4801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007203242\",\"display_name\":\"Gwenn S. Smith\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-5440\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074044378\",\"display_name\":\"James J. Pekar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9830-0655\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012087640\",\"display_name\":\"Peter B. Barker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-7793\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S163345920\",\"source_display_name\":\"Translational Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01706-y\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3213458191" }, { "id": 1750, "title": "From psychiatry to neurology: Psychedelics as prospective therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders.", "normalized_title": "from psychiatry to neurology psychedelics as prospective therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders", "authors": "Kozlowska U, Nichols C, Wiatr K, Figiel M.", "abstract": "The studies of psychedelics, especially psychedelic tryptamines like psilocybin, are rapidly gaining interest in neuroscience research. Much of this interest stems from recent clinical studies demonstrating that they have a unique ability to improve the debilitating symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) long-term after only a single treatment. Indeed, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently designated two Phase III clinical trials studying the ability of psilocybin to treat forms of MDD with \"Breakthrough Therapy\" status. If successful, the use of psychedelics to treat psychiatric diseases like depression would be revolutionary. As more evidence appears in the scientific literature to support their use in psychiatry to treat MDD on and substance use disorders (SUD), recent studies with rodents revealed that their therapeutic effects might extend beyond treating MDD and SUD. For example, psychedelics may have efficacy in the treatment and prevention of brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. Preclinical work has highlighted psychedelics' ability to induce neuroplasticity and synaptogenesis, and neural progenitor cell proliferation. Psychedelics may also act as immunomodulators by reducing levels of proinflammatory biomarkers, including IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Their exact molecular mechanisms, and induction of cellular interactions, especially between neural and glial cells, leading to therapeutic efficacy, remain to be determined. In this review, we discuss recent findings and information on how psychedelics may act therapeutically on cells within the central nervous system (CNS) during brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-10-21", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1111/jnc.15509", "pubmed_id": "34519052", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.15509", "keywords": "Humans, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Psychiatry, Neurology, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34519052\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Drug Interactions,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3459, "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Cancer Patients With Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in cancer patients with major depressive disorder", "authors": "Maryland Oncology Hematology, PA", "abstract": "This is a Phase II, single-center, fixed dose, open label trial to explore the safety, tolerability and efficacy of a 25mg dose of psilocybin in cancer patients with MDD. The study population will include adult men and women, 18 years of age or above, with MDD, diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm. MDD is defined as those who meet DSM5 diagnostic criteria for a single or recurrent episode of MDD without psychotic features. A diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm is defined as having a diagnostic code from C00 to C97 according to the ICD-10. Recent randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psilocybin therapy for anxiety and depression associated with cancer diagnosis showed significant improvement in study endpoints reflecting psychological distress, as compared to placebo. The effects of a single psilocybin therapy session endured for up to six months with no specific follow-up care. In this study, we aim to explore the safety and efficacy of psilocybin therapy in cancer patients, diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-10-14", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04593563", "keywords": "Major Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04593563\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1573, "title": "Novel antidepressant drugs: Beyond monoamine targets.", "normalized_title": "novel antidepressant drugs beyond monoamine targets", "authors": "Gonda X, Dome P, Neill JC, Tarazi FI.", "abstract": "Treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) including treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major unmet need. Although there are several classes of dissimilar antidepressant drugs approved for MDD, the current drugs have either limited efficacy or are associated with undesirable side effects and withdrawal symptoms. The efficacy and side effects of antidepressant drugs are mainly attributed to their actions on different monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Development of new antidepressants with novel targets beyond the monoamine pathways may fill the unmet need in treatment of MDD and TRD. The recent approval of intranasal Esketamine (glutamatergic agent) in conjunction with an oral antidepressant for the treatment of adult TRD patients was the first step toward expanding beyond the monoamine targets. Several other glutamatergic (AXS-05, REL-1017, AV-101, SLS-002, AGN24175, and PCN-101) and GABAergic (brexanolone, zuranolone, and ganaxolone) drugs are currently in different stages of clinical development for MDD, TRD and other indications. The renaissance of psychedelic drugs and the emergence of preliminary positive clinical trial results with psilocybin, Ayahuasca, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may pave the way towards establishing this class of drugs as effective therapies for MDD, TRD and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Going beyond the monoamine targets appears to be an effective strategy to develop novel antidepressant drugs with superior efficacy, safety, and tolerability for the improved treatment of MDD and TRD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-09-29", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1017/s1092852921000791", "pubmed_id": "34588093", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852921000791", "keywords": "Humans, Norepinephrine, Serotonin, Antidepressive Agents, Adult, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34588093\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1904, "title": "Rediscovering Psilocybin as an Antidepressive Treatment Strategy.", "normalized_title": "rediscovering psilocybin as an antidepressive treatment strategy", "authors": "Zeiss R, Gahr M, Graf H.", "abstract": "There has recently been a renewal of interest in psychedelic research on the use of psilocybin in psychiatric treatment and, in particular, for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Several state-of-the-art studies have provided new insight into the mechanisms of action of psilocybin and its therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, many questions remain unanswered. With this review, we provide an overview of the current state of research on the potential mechanisms of psilocybin, its antidepressant potential, and the associated risks and adverse effects, to provide an update on a controversial topic discussed in psychopharmacology. A database search was conducted in Medline including articles on psilocybin over the period of the last 20 years. Despite the promising progress in understanding the mechanisms of psilocybin, the exact antidepressive mechanism and the role of the psychedelic experience remain elusive. The studies included in this review found high treatment effect sizes for psilocybin as an antidepressant. However, the results must be regarded as preliminary due to several limitations. Although the current studies observed no severe adverse events, several questions regarding safety and utility remain and must be subject of future research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-09-27", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3390/ph14100985", "pubmed_id": "34681209", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14100985", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34681209\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5059, "title": "Psilocybin: Next to treat depression, OCD and nicotine addiction", "normalized_title": "psilocybin next to treat depression ocd and nicotine addiction", "authors": "Alison Knopf", "abstract": "First it was the plant, cannabis. How could this be made into a saleable profit-making commodity when it grows in the ground? Witness the marijuana (a chemical from the plant) industry, which lobbied to make sure laws in states that legalized it banned people from growing more than a few plants.", "journal": "Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly", "publication_date": "2021-09-23", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1002/adaw.33204", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.33204", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Addiction, Nicotine Addiction, Nicotine, Psychiatry, Cannabis, Psychology, Business, Advertising, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3202550363\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3202550363\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080385726\",\"display_name\":\"Alison Knopf\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S949736260\",\"source_display_name\":\"Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.33204\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3202550363" }, { "id": 1890, "title": "Neuroplasticity as a convergent mechanism of ketamine and classical psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "neuroplasticity as a convergent mechanism of ketamine and classical psychedelics", "authors": "Aleksandrova LR, Phillips AG.", "abstract": "The emerging therapeutic efficacy of ketamine and classical psychedelics for depression has inspired tremendous interest in the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. We review preclinical and clinical evidence supporting neuroplasticity as a convergent downstream mechanism of action for these novel fast-acting antidepressants. Through their primary glutamate or serotonin receptor targets, ketamine and psychedelics [psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT)] induce synaptic, structural, and functional changes, particularly in pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex. These include increased glutamate release, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) activation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated signaling, expression of synaptic proteins, and synaptogenesis. Such influences may facilitate adaptive rewiring of pathological neurocircuitry, thus providing a neuroplasticity-focused framework to explain the robust and sustained therapeutic effects of these compounds.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-09-23", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.tips.2021.08.003", "pubmed_id": "34565579", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2021.08.003", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Glutamic Acid, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Neuronal Plasticity", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34565579\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1863, "title": "Dose effect of psilocybin on primary and secondary depression: a preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "dose effect of psilocybin on primary and secondary depression a preliminary systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Li NX, Hu YR, Chen WN, Zhang B.", "abstract": "BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that psilocybin has antidepressant effects. In the current study, we aim to explore the dose effects of psilocybin on primary (major depression patients) and secondary depression (depressed cancer patients).MethodsPublished studies concerning psilocybin for depression were retrieved. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, 6 databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov 2.3 and WanFang database) were searched for research studies published or still in progress from inception to 30 November, 2020, with language restricted to English and Chinese. Hedges' g of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score changes was calculated as the primary outcome.Results7 articles were finally included, with a total of 136 participants. In terms of efficacy, Hedges' g was 1.289 (95%CI=[1.020, 1.558], heterogeneity I2=50.995%, p", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-09-16", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.041", "pubmed_id": "34587546", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.041", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34587546\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1864, "title": "Assessing the effects of methodological differences on outcomes in the use of psychedelics in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "assessing the effects of methodological differences on outcomes in the use of psychedelics in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders a systematic review and meta analysis", "authors": "Leger RF, Unterwald EM.", "abstract": "BackgroundClassical psychedelics are a group of drugs which act as agonists on the serotonin-2A (5-HT2A) receptor. Evidence suggests they may have a uniquely rapid and enduring positive effect on mood. However, marked heterogeneity between methodological designs in this emerging field remains a significant concern.AimsTo determine how differences in the type of psychedelic agent used and the number of dosing sessions administered affect subjects' depression and anxiety outcomes and adverse drug reactions (ADR).MethodsThis review collected and screened 1591 records from the MEDLINE and Web of Science databases for clinical trials reporting objective data on mood for subjects with a known anxiety or depression.ResultsAfter screening, nine clinical trials met inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of these studies showed significant, large positive effect sizes for measures of anxiety (Cohen's d = 1.26) and depression (Cohen's d = 1.38) overall. These positive effects were also significant at acute (⩽1 week) and extended (>1 week) time points. No significant differences were observed between trials using different psychedelic agents (psilocybin, ayahuasca or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)), however, a significant difference was observed in favour of trials with multiple dosing sessions. No serious ADR were reported.ConclusionPsilocybin, ayahuasca and LSD all appear to be effective and relatively safe agents capable of producing rapid and sustained improvements in anxiety and depression. Moreover, the findings of the present analysis suggest that they may show a greater efficacy when given to patients over multiple sessions as compared to the more common single session used in many of the existing trials.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-09-13", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/02698811211044688", "pubmed_id": "34519567", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211044688", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Affect, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34519567\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5066, "title": "Treating Major Depression Disorder with Psychedelics: A Potential Therapeutic Application for Psilocybin?", "normalized_title": "treating major depression disorder with psychedelics a potential therapeutic application for psilocybin", "authors": "Gonçalo Cotovio, Ana Maia, Ana Velosa, Carolina Seybert, Albino J. Oliveira-Maia", "abstract": ".", "journal": "Revista Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental", "publication_date": "2021-09-07", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.51338/rppsm.2021.v7.i3.241", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.51338/rppsm.2021.v7.i3.241", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3200752577\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3200752577\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033043250\",\"display_name\":\"Gonçalo Cotovio\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-645X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101888623\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Maia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2205-3368\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110803180\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Velosa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002367723\",\"display_name\":\"Carolina Seybert\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-5648\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032763144\",\"display_name\":\"Albino J. Oliveira-Maia\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-3007\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210184075\",\"source_display_name\":\"Revista Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.51338/rppsm.2021.v7.i3.241\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3200752577" }, { "id": 1910, "title": "Treatment-Resistant Depression: Approaches to Treatment.", "normalized_title": "treatment resistant depression approaches to treatment", "authors": "Kverno KS, Mangano E.", "abstract": "Approximately 30% of people treated for a major depressive episode will not achieve remission after two or more treatment trials of first-line antidepressants and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Because the odds of remission decrease with every subsequent medication trial, it is important for clinicians to understand the characteristics and risk factors for TRD, subtypes of major depressive disorder that are more likely to be less responsive to first-line anti-depressants, and the available treatment options. In the current article, we review the approved treatments for TRD, including esketamine, and the evidence for psilocybin and pramipexole. Although limited in specificity, guidelines to help prescribers identify person-centered treatments for TRD are available. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59(9), 7-11.].", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3928/02793695-20210816-01", "pubmed_id": "34459676", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20210816-01", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Therapy, Combination, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34459676\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5070, "title": "Use of alternative therapy with Psilocybin in oncologic patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders - integrative review", "normalized_title": "use of alternative therapy with psilocybin in oncologic patients with depression and or anxiety disorders integrative review", "authors": "Frederico Marques Silveira, Amanda Pereira Mendes, Mayara Rodrigues dos Santos, Júlia Ramos Cerchi, IRIS TIYONO TAVARES UMEDA, Breno Basílio de Melo, Luiza Elena Casaburi, Mateus Nóbrega Oliveira, Douglas Reis Abdalla", "abstract": "Cancer is not limited to the physical dimension, but it also affects the entire biopsychosocial context in which the patient is inserted, making him more susceptible to psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. These often require pharmacological intervention, and the use of psilocybin, a substance found in mushroom species, is one of the alternatives considered today. The present study aims to carry out an integrative review regarding the use of alternative therapies, in this case Psilocybin, in cancer patients suffering from anxiety and / or depression disorders. The type of study carried out was an integrative literature review, which was based on a bibliographic survey of texts published between 2010 and 2021 on the PubMed platform. This survey took place between December 2020 and February 2021, with a review of three articles in total. Studies show a potential new line of alternative treatment for anxiety and depression in cancer patients, the use of psilocybin. The treatment is done quickly, sustained and lasting, in conjunction with psychotherapy there is improvement in a single dose. All the studies analyzed so far have been shown to be effective for the treatment of anxiety and depression in cancer patients. With this, psilocybin can be an alternative therapy for those patients in psychological distress due to cancer, especially for those who did not obtain a satisfactory response with the use of conventional treatment, allowing that in the future the substance may become a definitive therapeutic modality for patients in psychological distress due to cancer.", "journal": "Research Society and Development", "publication_date": "2021-08-18", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.33448/rsd-v10i10.19297", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.19297", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Context (archaeology), Distress, Biopsychosocial model, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Psychotherapist, Medicine, Cancer, Clinical psychology, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Biology, Paleontology, Economics, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychology and Mental Health, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3194848852\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3194848852\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1592279624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038128888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041463522\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042255925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056028845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113373290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122350434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336678555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567872373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2614248382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2800292783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964775179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232276401\",\"https://openalex.org/W4391891557\",\"https://openalex.org/W6637505585\",\"https://openalex.org/W6677121699\",\"https://openalex.org/W6739316299\",\"https://openalex.org/W6751091382\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082988482\",\"display_name\":\"Frederico Marques Silveira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7491-6677\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089339506\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Pereira Mendes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7398-1928\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006257671\",\"display_name\":\"Mayara Rodrigues dos Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9079-7302\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080203780\",\"display_name\":\"Júlia Ramos Cerchi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-6008\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031727940\",\"display_name\":\"IRIS TIYONO TAVARES UMEDA\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-8890\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036552890\",\"display_name\":\"Breno Basílio de Melo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0322-2760\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018563811\",\"display_name\":\"Luiza Elena Casaburi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8722-1372\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083154800\",\"display_name\":\"Mateus Nóbrega Oliveira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6765-3167\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031557327\",\"display_name\":\"Douglas Reis Abdalla\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6971-1201\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2739064124\",\"source_display_name\":\"Research Society and Development\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.19297\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Review Article,Observational Study,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3194848852" }, { "id": 3371, "title": "Psychedelics and psychiatric disorders: A emerging role", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and psychiatric disorders a emerging role", "authors": "Peixoto C, Santos F, Rego D, Medeiros H.", "abstract": "Introduction Recently there has been renewal in interest of psychedelic research. Classic psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin and mescaline act pharmacologically as agonists at the 5-HT2A receptor. The entactogens like methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), acts as a serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline agonist. All of these drugs are potential candidates in the treatment of multiple psychiatric illnesses. Objectives The authors intend to review the literature on the clinical application of psychedelic drugs in psychiatric disorders. Methods Non-systematic review of the literature. Results In recent clinical trial the psychedelic is given with psychotherapeutic input. In a supportive setting, psychedelics produced immediate and significant anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects that were endured for several months. Randomized clinical trials support the efficace of psilocybin in the treatment of depression and those with anxiety and depression symptoms provoked by life-threatening cancer. There have also been studies showing efficacy in both alcohol and tobacco dependence. When administered safely LSD can reduce anxiety and have anti-addictive property. Randomized clinical trials support the efficacy of MDMA in the treatment of PTSD. Psychedelics were well-tolerated, few adverse effects have been reported. The most common adverse effects were transient anxiety, short-lived headaches, nausea and mild increases in heart rate and blood pressure, with no persisting adverse effects. Serious adverse events, such as persistent psychosis and suicidality, have not been demonstrated. Conclusions Psychedelics appear to be effective in multiple psychiatric disorders and are well-tolerated, although further evidence is required, to better see they therapeutic potential. Disclosure No significant relationships.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-12", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9470409", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9470409\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3339, "title": "Psychedelics: A new era of treatment?", "normalized_title": "psychedelics a new era of treatment", "authors": "Torres S.", "abstract": "Introduction Psychedelics - including LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), psilocybin, DMT (N, N-dimethyltryptamine), ayahuasca and mescaline - have an ancient history across various civilizations. In 1950, after LSD’s discovery by Hofmann, psychedelics enjoyed a short-lived relationship with psychiatry, before prohibitive legislature emerging in response to the recreational use in the mid-1960s. However, the last decade has witnessed a renewed scientific interest in psychedelics - a phenomenon referred to as the ‘Psychedelic Renaissance’. Objectives Review the pharmacology of psychedelic drugs and the latest evidence of its therapeutic potentials in anxiety, mood and addictive disorders. Methods Literature review performed on PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using the keywords “psychedelics”, “hallucinogens”, “d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)”, “psilocybin”, “ayahuasca”, “mescaline”, “DMT (N,N-dimethyltryptamine)”. Results The psychedelics or “classic hallucinogens” can be subdivided into three sub-classes: the plant-derived tryptamines (psilocybin and ibogaine) and phenethylamines (mescaline), and the semisynthetic ergolines (LSD). The therapeutic potentials are mediated by an agonist action on 5-HT2A receptors expressed in frontal and paralimbic structures involved in mood and emotion regulation, introspection, interoception and self-consciousness. Stimulation of 5-HT2ARincreases the glutamatergic tone and neuroplasticity and is accompanied by reduced amygdala activity, reducing anxiety. Experimental, open-label, and RCTs showed anxiolytic, antidepressive, and antiaddictive effects with psychedelics. As examples, psilocybin and LSD reduced anxiety and depression in cancer patients and symptoms of alcohol and tobacco dependence, and ayahuasca reduced depression in treatment-resistant depression. Conclusions Despite the promising effects of psychedelics on anxiety, depression and addiction, the evidence is still preliminary, waiting for long-term studies with bigger samples. Conflict of interest No significant relationships.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-12", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9475866", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9475866\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3211, "title": "Effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin assisted therapy on treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Fraga A, Esteves-Sousa D, Facucho-Oliveira J, Albuquerque M, Costa M, Dos Santos P, Moura N, Moutinho A.", "abstract": "Introduction Major depressive disorder is a highly prevalent clinical condition, affecting more than 300 million individuals worldwide. About 1/3 of patients with MDD fail to achieve remission despite treatment with multiple antidepressants and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Novel antidepressants with rapid and sustained effects on mood and cognition could represent a breakthrough in the TRD and may potentially improve or save lives. Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, more commonly found in the Psilocybe mushrooms has a combined serotonergic and glutamatergic action. The preliminary evidence of antidepressant effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy indicates the potential of psilocybin-assisted therapy as a novel antidepressant intervention. Objectives The authors elaborate a narrative literature review about the effects of Psilocybin-based therapy on patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. Methods PubMed database searched using the terms “Treatment-Resistant Depression AND Psilocybin” and targeting clinical trials. References of selected articles and review articles were also assessed. Results 2 articles evaluate psilocybin effects in 32 patients with TRD and showed that two doses of psilocybin alongside psychological support significantly reduces depressive symptoms. All patients presented some reduction in symptoms from baseline to one week after the second dose and reproduced immediate and substantial improvements in depression that ultimately could sustain up to 6 months. Conclusions Psilocybin-assisted therapy is a very appealing new possibility in the treatment of depression. However, due to the small populations of the existing trials, future studies are needed to prove this positive association and to fully understand Psilocybin’s mechanisms of actions and effects. Disclosure No significant relationships.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-12", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9480034", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9480034\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3156, "title": "Psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: What do we know so far?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder what do we know so far", "authors": "Descalço N, Medeiros A, Santos C, Borges G.", "abstract": "Introduction Psilocybin is a naturally occurring plant alkaloid in mushrooms and a prodrug of psilocin. It is a serotonin receptor (5-HT2A) agonist and known psychedelic, with similar hallucinatory properties to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It has been identified as a safe and effective option in treatment-resistant depression. Literature focus mainly on its use on depressive but its interest in other psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has grown. Objectives To review the clinical evidence for the use of hallucinogens such as psilocybin in OCD. Methods Non-systematic review of literature found on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using the keywords “obsessive-compulsive disorder”, “psilocybin” and “hallucinogens”. Articles may include clinical trials, case report or case series. Articles found were admitted according to their relevance for the topic in review; only articles in English were included. Ongoing research trials on this topic were checked on ClinicalTrials.gov. Results So far, only one open-label non-randomized study directly assessed the effects of psilocybin on OCD patients that found acute reductions of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Case reports of patients improving with off-label use of psilocybin are reported. There are two ongoing phase I research trials, aiming to explore the effect of the substance on symptomatology, hypothesizing that psilocybin will normalize cerebral connectivity and thus correlate with clinical improvement. Conclusions More research to establish the usefulness of psilocybin in OCD patients is needed; the collected data is encouraging are there may be a role for its use on this disorder.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-12", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9476072", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:47", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:01", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC9476072\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2132, "title": "Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Psilocybin and Dimethyltryptamine in Depression Treatment: A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "lysergic acid diethylamide psilocybin and dimethyltryptamine in depression treatment a systematic review", "authors": "Więckiewicz G, Stokłosa I, Piegza M, Gorczyca P, Pudlo R.", "abstract": "Despite many different kinds of substances available for depression treatment, depression itself still appears to be a clinical challenge. Recently, formerly illicit substances came to scientists' attention, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin and dimethyltryptamine (DMT). Some studies suggest that these substances might be effective in depression treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of LSD, psilocybin and DMT in depression treatment in the light of current medical literature. The authors followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for this systematic review. The authors searched the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant publications. Finally, 10 papers were included. Most of the selected studies showed significant correlation between psilocybin and DMT use and reduction in depression symptom intensity. By analyzing qualified studies, it can be concluded that psilocybin and DMT could be useful in depression treatment, but further observations are still required.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-08-11", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3390/ph14080793", "pubmed_id": "34451890", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14080793", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34451890\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1911, "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports.", "normalized_title": "classic psychedelic coadministration with lithium but not lamotrigine is associated with seizures an analysis of online psychedelic experience reports", "authors": "Nayak SM, Gukasyan N, Barrett FS, Erowid E, Erowid F, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsychedelics show promise in treating unipolar depression, though patients with bipolar disorder have been excluded from recent psychedelic trials. There is limited information on the use of classic psychedelics (e. g., LSD or psilocybin) in individuals using mood stabilizers to treat bipolar disorder. This is important to know, as individuals with bipolar depression may attempt to treat themselves with psychedelics while on a mood stabilizer, particularly given enthusiastic media reports of the efficacy of psilocybin for depression.MethodsThis study analyzed reports of classic psychedelics administered with mood stabilizers from 3 websites (Erowid.org, Shroomery.org, and Reddit.com).ResultsStrikingly, 47% of 62 lithium plus psychedelic reports involved seizures, and an additional 18% resulted in bad trips while none of 34 lamotrigine reports did. Further, 39% of lithium reports involved medical attention. Most of the lamotrigine reports (65%) but few (8%) of the lithium reports were judged to not affect the psychedelic experience.DiscussionAlthough further research is needed, we provisionally conclude that psychedelic use may pose a significant seizure risk for patients on lithium.", "journal": "Pharmacopsychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-08-03", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1055/a-1524-2794", "pubmed_id": "34348413", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794", "keywords": "Humans, Seizures, Lithium, Hallucinogens, Psilocybin, Lamotrigine", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34348413\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3160183306\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":67,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W88552725\",\"https://openalex.org/W1498647569\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982691685\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988862462\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991938716\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002554882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003490971\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008038652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037449495\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053872398\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058799830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066154390\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074483296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078629064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084459551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085742802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091746900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099017168\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108722273\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111020576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134236426\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138401704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161810494\",\"https://openalex.org/W2192859497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2442863506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953498115\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211013640\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W6603534976\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040929530\",\"display_name\":\"Sandeep M. Nayak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-0639\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048292874\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Gukasyan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1421\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072823665\",\"display_name\":\"Earth Erowid\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071578213\",\"display_name\":\"Fire Erowid\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4122505\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmacopsychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3160183306" }, { "id": 5072, "title": "Mit Psilocybin gegen Depression", "normalized_title": "mit psilocybin gegen depression", "authors": "Markus Weih", "abstract": "", "journal": "InFo Neurologie + Psychiatrie", "publication_date": "2021-07-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/s15005-021-2012-7", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s15005-021-2012-7", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3194236679\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3194236679\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013402608\",\"display_name\":\"Markus Weih\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210222746\",\"source_display_name\":\"InFo Neurologie + Psychiatrie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15005-021-2012-7\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3194236679" }, { "id": 1919, "title": "Psilocybin for Depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression", "authors": "Wiley JF, Bei B.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-07-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1056/nejmc2108082", "pubmed_id": "34437794", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmc2108082", "keywords": "Humans, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34437794\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2139, "title": "The Potential Role of Serotonergic Hallucinogens in Depression Treatment.", "normalized_title": "the potential role of serotonergic hallucinogens in depression treatment", "authors": "Psiuk D, Nowak E, Cholewa K, Łopuszańska U, Samardakiewicz M.", "abstract": "Due to an increasing number of depression diagnoses and limited effective treatments, researchers continue to explore novel therapeutic strategies for this disorder. Recently, interest has revolved around the use of serotonergic psychedelics to reduce the symptoms of depression. In this systematic review, we summarize the currently available knowledge on the safety and efficacy of psychedelic substances for the treatment of depression. A literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE database identified 14 clinical trials from the last 10 years that examined the use of psilocybin, MDMA, DMT, or LSD for the treatment of depression symptoms. Some psychedelics, especially psilocybin, demonstrated an ability to reduce depressive symptoms as measured by several psychological scales, which was often sustained for months after the last psychedelic session. Moreover, one study revealed that psilocybin has comparable efficacy to escitalopram in the treatment of depression. None of the studies reported any serious adverse events associated with psychedelic administration. The reviewed studies suggest that psychedelics have great potential in depression therapy and, after addressing and overcoming the current study limitations, may be used as a novel method of treating depression in the future.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-07-28", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3390/life11080765", "pubmed_id": "34440508", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/life11080765", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34440508\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2140, "title": "Serotonin Heteroreceptor Complexes and Their Integration of Signals in Neurons and Astroglia-Relevance for Mental Diseases.", "normalized_title": "serotonin heteroreceptor complexes and their integration of signals in neurons and astroglia relevance for mental diseases", "authors": "Borroto-Escuela DO, Ambrogini P, Narvaez M, Di Liberto V, Beggiato S, Ferraro L, Fores-Pons R, Alvarez-Contino JE, Lopez-Salas A, Mudò G, Díaz-Cabiale Z, Fuxe K.", "abstract": "The heteroreceptor complexes present a novel biological principle for signal integration. These complexes and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions are bidirectional and novel targets for treatment of CNS diseases including mental diseases. The existence of D2R-5-HT2AR heterocomplexes can help explain the anti-schizophrenic effects of atypical antipsychotic drugs not only based on blockade of 5-HT2AR and of D2R in higher doses but also based on blocking the allosteric enhancement of D2R protomer signaling by 5-HT2AR protomer activation. This research opens a new understanding of the integration of DA and 5-HT signals released from DA and 5-HT nerve terminal networks. The biological principle of forming 5-HT and other heteroreceptor complexes in the brain also help understand the mechanism of action for especially the 5-HT hallucinogens, including putative positive effects of e.g., psilocybin and the indicated prosocial and anti-stress actions of MDMA (ecstasy). The GalR1-GalR2 heterodimer and the putative GalR1-GalR2-5-HT1 heteroreceptor complexes are targets for Galanin N-terminal fragment Gal (1-15), a major modulator of emotional networks in models of mental disease. GPCR-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) heteroreceptor complexes can operate through transactivation of FGFR1 via allosteric mechanisms and indirect interactions over GPCR intracellular pathways involving protein kinase Src which produces tyrosine phosphorylation of the RTK. The exciting discovery was made that several antidepressant drugs such as TCAs and SSRIs as well as the fast-acting antidepressant drug ketamine can directly bind to the TrkB receptor and provide a novel mechanism for their antidepressant actions. Understanding the role of astrocytes and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions in modulating forebrain glutamate synapses with impact on dorsal raphe-forebrain serotonin neurons is also of high relevance for research on major depressive disorder.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-07-26", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3390/cells10081902", "pubmed_id": "34440670", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10081902", "keywords": "Brain, Astrocytes, Animals, Humans, Receptors, Dopamine D2, Receptor, Galanin, Type 1, Receptor, Galanin, Type 2, Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Antipsychotic Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Mental Disorders, Signal Transduction, Receptor Cross-Talk, Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1, Dopaminergic Neurons, Serotonergic Neurons", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34440670\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3481, "title": "A Randomised, Placebo Controlled Trial of Psilocybin in Treatment Resistant Depression: A Feasibility Study", "normalized_title": "a randomised placebo controlled trial of psilocybin in treatment resistant depression a feasibility study", "authors": "King's College London", "abstract": "A single centre clinical trial to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of psilocybin, given under supportive conditions, in a randomised, blinded design in adult participants with treatment resistant major depressive disorder. The primary objective is to evaluate feasibility by measuring recruitment rates, dropout rates and by estimating the variance of the primary outcome measure (MADRS).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-07-21", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04959253", "keywords": "Treatment Resistant Depression, Psilocybin assisted therapy, Placebo assisted therapy, UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT04959253\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5076, "title": "Trial of psilocybin does not show major difference from antidepressant", "normalized_title": "trial of psilocybin does not show major difference from antidepressant", "authors": "", "abstract": "A6-week study comparing the psychedelic psilocybin with the antidepressant escitalopram found no significant difference in antidepressant effects in patients with moderate to severe depression. Some secondary outcome measures favored psilocybin, but those analyses were not adjusted for multiple comparisons. Study results were published in the April 15, 2021 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2021-07-04", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1002/pu.30751", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30751", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Escitalopram, Medicine, Significant difference, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Anxiety, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4249533081\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4249533081\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30751\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4249533081" }, { "id": 3769, "title": "Psilocybin for Depression: The ACE Model Manual", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression the ace model manual", "authors": "Watts R.", "abstract": "\"The Psilocybin for Depression: The ACE Manual '' describes the structure, procedures, and scripts used in the two Imperial College London studies (Psilodep) researching psilocybin treatment for major depression.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-07-04", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/5x2bu", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5x2bu", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:20", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR365611\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3214, "title": "Psilocybin for Depression: The ACE Model Manual", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression the ace model manual", "authors": "", "abstract": "\"The Psilocybin for Depression: The ACE Manual '' describes the structure, procedures, and scripts used in the two Imperial College London studies (Psilodep) researching psilocybin treatment for major depression.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-07-04", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/5x2bu_v1", "keywords": "Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"5x2bu_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3232, "title": "Psilocybin for Treating Psychiatric Disorders: Is it a Psychonaut Legend or a Promising Therapeutic Perspective?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treating psychiatric disorders is it a psychonaut legend or a promising therapeutic perspective", "authors": "Coppola M, Bevione F, Mondola R.", "abstract": "Psychedelics extracted by plants have been used in religious, spiritual and mystic practices for millennia. In 1957, Dr. Hofmann have identified and synthesized the prodrug psilocybin, a substance present in more than 200 species of psychedelic mushrooms. Although the limitations related to the scientific design of many studies, clinical observations performed during the 1950s and the 1960s have shown a potential therapeutic effect of psilocybin in patients affected by depressive symptoms, anxiety, and conversion disorder. Psilocybin was classed as a schedule I substance in 1970, but the fascination for psychedelics remained almost unchanged over time promoting a new scientific interest starting from the 1990s. Recent studies provided further evidences supporting the suggestive hypothesis of a therapeutic use of psilocybin for treating various psychiatric disorders including: pathological anxiety, mood depressive disorder and addiction.", "journal": "Preprints.org", "publication_date": "2021-06-27", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202106.0682.v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0682.v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR363172\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Preprints.org\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Spirituality", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3786, "title": "Psychedelic Assisted Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: A Review", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy for major depressive disorder a review", "authors": "McCartney A, McGovern H, De Foe A.", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances such as psilocybin and ketamine may represent the future of antidepressant treatment, due to their rapid and prolonged effects on mood and cognition. The current body of psychedelic research has focused on administration and treatment within a psychiatric context. Here, instead, we put to the test the contention that it is necessary to evaluate the current state of this literature from a broader biopsychosocial perspective. Examining these arguably neglected social and psychological aspects of psychedelic treatment can provide a more holistic understanding of the interplay between the interconnected domains. This review of six major clinical trials applies a biopsychosocial model to evaluate the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and ketamine assisted therapy. We conclude that combination psychedelic treatment and psychotherapy facilitate more enduring and profound antidepressant effects than produced by ketamine or psilocybin alone. Emphasising the advantages of therapeutic intervention will encourage those who may attempt to self-medicate with psychedelics to instead seek a framework of psychological support, minimising associated risks of unregulated use.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-06-26", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/9kuhs", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/9kuhs", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:22", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR363034\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3336, "title": "Psychedelic Assisted Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: A Review", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted therapy for major depressive disorder a review", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psychedelic substances such as psilocybin and ketamine may represent the future of antidepressant treatment, due to their rapid and prolonged effects on mood and cognition. The current body of psychedelic research has focused on administration and treatment within a psychiatric context. Here, instead, we put to the test the contention that it is necessary to evaluate the current state of this literature from a broader biopsychosocial perspective. Examining these arguably neglected social and psychological aspects of psychedelic treatment can provide a more holistic understanding of the interplay between the interconnected domains. This review of six major clinical trials applies a biopsychosocial model to evaluate the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and ketamine assisted therapy. We conclude that combination psychedelic treatment and psychotherapy facilitate more enduring and profound antidepressant effects than produced by ketamine or psilocybin alone. Emphasising the advantages of therapeutic intervention will encourage those who may attempt to self-medicate with psychedelics to instead seek a framework of psychological support, minimising associated risks of unregulated use.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-06-26", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/9kuhs_v1", "keywords": "depression, ketamine, major depressive disorder, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychotherapy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Intervention Research, Mental Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Therapy, Psychotherapy, Psychopharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"9kuhs_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5080, "title": "Psilocybin as a Novel Pharmacotherapy for Treatment-Refractory Anorexia Nervosa", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a novel pharmacotherapy for treatment refractory anorexia nervosa", "authors": "Sarah-Catherine Rodan, Phillip Aouad, Iain S. McGregor, Sarah Maguire", "abstract": "Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a major health problem with one of the highest mortalities and treatment costs of any psychiatric condition. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is currently the most widely used treatment for AN in adults but provides remission rates ≤ 50%. Treatment drop-out is exceedingly high and those that persevere with treatment often relapse, causing increased risk of morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need to find new interventions, especially as there are no approved pharmacological treatments for AN. Ideally, new treatments would target treatment-resistance and to decrease the chronicity associated with the disorder. Over the past two decades, emerging research into classic psychedelic substances (lysergic diethylamide acid (LSD), 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and psilocybin), indicates that marked reductions in anxiety and depression-like symptoms, and lasting improvement in mental health, can follow from one or two exposures to these psychedelic substances. Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent co-morbid psychiatric symptoms in AN. Here we suggest that classic psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, have the potential to normalise dysfunctional neurobiological systems in AN and provide a novel treatment intervention that is worthy of consideration, particularly for treatment-resistant patients.", "journal": "OBM Neurobiology", "publication_date": "2021-06-23", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2102102", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2102102", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anorexia nervosa, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Pharmacotherapy, Psychology, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychological intervention, Medicine, Eating disorders, Antidepressant, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": 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Rodan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025297705\",\"display_name\":\"Phillip Aouad\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-7495\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052009573\",\"display_name\":\"Iain S. McGregor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-7159\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020195820\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah Maguire\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0754-9189\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210221663\",\"source_display_name\":\"OBM Neurobiology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2102102\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Eating Disorders,Receptor Pharmacology,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3174884462" }, { "id": 3208, "title": "Psilocybin: the magic medicine for depression?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin the magic medicine for depression", "authors": "Corrigan A, Burchill E, Pelton L, Marrocu A, Mazzoleni A, Shackshaft L.", "abstract": "Aims Depression is the single largest contributor to global disability. However, effective treatments are currently lacking, resulting in a significant burden of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, found as the active compound in 'magic mushrooms', has been proposed as a novel therapeutic avenue for TRD. We aimed to evaluate the future feasibility and implications of psilocybin as a new antidepressant therapy. Method We reviewed and critically analysed the available literature on the efficacy and safety of psilocybin as a treatment for depression, and the potential pharmacological and psychological mechanisms of the therapeutic benefit. We discussed the relative contributions to this therapeutic effect of the pharmacological drug treatment, placebo effects, and the context and parameters of the psychotherapeutic experience. We reviewed legal, social, and economic barriers to primary research and clinical implementation. Result Psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy has been shown to be safe and effective in TRD. Its mechanism of action in TRD has not been fully elucidated, however reviewing functional neuroimaging studies demonstrated disparate short and long-term modifications of default mode network connectivity, suggested to represent a ‘reset’ mechanism of acute modular disintegration and subsequent reintegration which restores normal function, reviving emotional responsiveness. Research suggests psychedelic treatment induces lasting personality, belief and attitude changes. The psychedelic drug itself, the context of the psychotherapeutic experience, and the post-drug integration therapy all appear to have a significant role. Preparation prior to treatment, the environment, context and support during the psychedelic experience itself, and the following long-term integration and support process must be considered. Despite novel findings Psilocybin is a Schedule I drug; this imposes a persisting ethical barrier to clinical use. Prohibition of psilocybin results in high costs of drug supply, and potential for harmful drug-seeking behaviours. Therefore, complex socio-political factors currently limit wider implementation. Conclusion Psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy is safe and effective in TRD. The interacting and elusive therapeutic mechanisms have implications for clinical implementation. Preparation prior to treatment, the physical and social environment in which the psychedelic experience takes place, and long-term integration and support are considered to play a significant role. Optimisation of these parameters and cost-benefit analyses are required prior to this being feasible as a widely available therapy. Systemic legislative, political and social change will also be key to enable widespread clinical use. The promise of this therapy on a background of inadequate current antidepressant treatments indicates these must be a priority.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-06-17", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC8770735", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PMC8770735\",\"source\":\"PMC\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Default Mode Network,Aging,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1777, "title": "Psychedelic perceptions: mental health service user attitudes to psilocybin therapy.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic perceptions mental health service user attitudes to psilocybin therapy", "authors": "Corrigan K, Haran M, McCandliss C, McManus R, Cleary S, Trant R, Kelly Y, Ledden K, Rush G, O'Keane V, Kelly JR.", "abstract": "IntroductionDespite the rapid advance of psychedelic science and possible translation of psychedelic therapy into the psychiatric clinic, very little is known about mental health service user attitudes.ObjectivesTo explore mental health service user attitudes to psychedelics and psilocybin therapy.MethodsA questionnaire capturing demographics, diagnoses, previous psychedelic and other drug use, and attitudes to psychedelics and psilocybin therapy was distributed to mental health service users.ResultsNinety-nine participants completed the survey (52% female, mean age 42 years). The majority (72%) supported further research, with 59% supporting psilocybin as a medical treatment. A total of 27% previously used recreational psilocybin, with a male preponderance (p = 0.01). Younger age groups, those with previous psychedelic experience, and those with non-religious beliefs were more likely to have favourable attitudes towards psilocybin. A total of 55% of the total sample would accept as a treatment if doctor recommended, whereas 20% would not. Fewer people with depression/anxiety had used recreational psychedelics (p = 0.03) but were more likely to support government funded studies (p = 0.02). A minority (5%) of people with conditions (psychosis and bipolar disorder) that could be exacerbated by psilocybin thought it would be useful for them. One fifth of the total sample viewed psychedelics as addictive and unsafe even under medical supervision. Concerns included fear of adverse effects, lack of knowledge, insufficient research, illegality, and relapse if medications were discontinued.ConclusionsThe majority supported further research into psilocybin therapy. Younger people, those with previous recreational psychedelic experience, and those with non-religious beliefs were more likely to have favourable attitudes towards psilocybin therapy.", "journal": "Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)", "publication_date": "2021-06-14", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/s11845-021-02668-2", "pubmed_id": "34131812", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-021-02668-2", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Attitude, Mental Health Services, Adult, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34131812\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3171384877\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":79,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W648645029\",\"https://openalex.org/W1548751499\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990926259\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050461051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079106221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108914738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122118237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152723462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166045982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2204342160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589381868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725783540\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726744335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2728001011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2765344168\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804532410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2893642694\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898717395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903300049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926011243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940999002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945335566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945519735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2957955970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2958413903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2975755375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980427698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996366481\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007315114\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023228010\",\"https://openalex.org/W3024299552\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"https://openalex.org/W3032573007\",\"https://openalex.org/W3038388367\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3054886531\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083797211\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086471578\",\"https://openalex.org/W3086773311\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087190666\",\"https://openalex.org/W3091936754\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3105240299\",\"https://openalex.org/W3107835125\",\"https://openalex.org/W3108218550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112525124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112904824\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112909063\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113701600\",\"https://openalex.org/W3128263216\",\"https://openalex.org/W3134377893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3153987748\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154528253\",\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3157088173\",\"https://openalex.org/W3159984005\",\"https://openalex.org/W3160990818\",\"https://openalex.org/W3162194943\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164067847\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164903522\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165653012\",\"https://openalex.org/W3182085149\",\"https://openalex.org/W3207914538\",\"https://openalex.org/W3213862572\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250806749\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075912269\",\"display_name\":\"Kate Corrigan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088996780\",\"display_name\":\"Maeve Haran\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109505557\",\"display_name\":\"Conor McCandliss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058157933\",\"display_name\":\"Róisín M. McManus\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-0302\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002255086\",\"display_name\":\"Shannon Cleary\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5366-8415\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022343332\",\"display_name\":\"Rebecca Trant\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021350913\",\"display_name\":\"Yazeed Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3885-4701\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034185991\",\"display_name\":\"Kathryn Ledden\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108729768\",\"display_name\":\"Gavin Rush\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020131072\",\"display_name\":\"Veronica O’Keane\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-099X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046590180\",\"display_name\":\"John R. Kelly\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-0615\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S117684900\",\"source_display_name\":\"Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-021-02668-2\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3171384877" }, { "id": 1751, "title": "Psilocybin: A brief overview for psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin a brief overview for psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners", "authors": "Fradkin D.", "abstract": "The use of psychedelics, such as psilocybin, has emerged in recent literature as a novel therapeutic treatment for various psychiatric disorders, including substance use, depression, and anxiety. While international and domestic trials are currently underway, there is data demonstrating both the relative safety and potential efficacy of psilocybin. Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners are essential mental health providers that may be at the forefront of delivering these new treatment modalities. Therefore, they must be aware of the psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic tenets of psilocybin to be prepared to treat patients.", "journal": "Perspectives In Psychiatric Care", "publication_date": "2021-06-07", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1111/ppc.12888", "pubmed_id": "34101846", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12888", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Mental Health, Nurse Practitioners, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34101846\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3169192423\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3169192423\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166423316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2512668841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964775179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009497260\",\"display_name\":\"Dina Fradkin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S160642813\",\"source_display_name\":\"Perspectives In Psychiatric Care\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12888\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3169192423" }, { "id": 1901, "title": "Ethnoracial health disparities and the ethnopsychopharmacology of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapies.", "normalized_title": "ethnoracial health disparities and the ethnopsychopharmacology of psychedelic assisted psychotherapies", "authors": "Fogg C, Michaels TI, de la Salle S, Jahn ZW, Williams MT.", "abstract": "Emerging evidence from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials suggests psychedelic compounds such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), when administered as an adjunct to psychotherapy, that is, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), may be beneficial for treating substance use disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions. Previous ethnopsychopharmacological research has identified ethnoracial differences in the metabolism, safety, and efficacy of psychotropic drugs, yet no studies have directly investigated the impact of ethnoracially based differences in psychedelic drug pharmacology. Although there is an extensive global history of psychedelic use among peoples of various cultures, ethnicities, and intersectional identities, psychedelic research has been conducted almost exclusively on White populations in North America and Western Europe. The failure to include Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) in psychedelic research trials neglects the ethnic, racial, and cultural factors that may impact individual responses to PAP and thereby prevents generalizability of findings. This article investigates the impact of biological and social factors related to culture, ethnicity, and race on pharmacological responses to PAP, as well as clinical outcomes. The limitations of ethnopsychopharmacology are discussed, and the authors present expected cultural, clinical, and public health benefits of expanding funding for this area. This work will draw attention to the unique and individualized needs of ethnoracially diverse clients in therapeutic settings and is intended to inform future PAP trials. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).", "journal": "Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-06-06", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1037/pha0000490", "pubmed_id": "34096755", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000490", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34096755\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3171546624\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3171546624\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":53,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003338744\",\"display_name\":\"Colleen Fogg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2084-1798\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059769528\",\"display_name\":\"Timothy I. Michaels\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-6860\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050030727\",\"display_name\":\"Sara de la Salle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-5938\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089183813\",\"display_name\":\"Zoe W. Jahn\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065680812\",\"display_name\":\"Monnica T. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-3277\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S357931\",\"source_display_name\":\"Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000490\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3171546624" }, { "id": 5087, "title": "Psilocybin: the magic medicine for depression?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin the magic medicine for depression", "authors": "Amber Elyse Corrigan, Ella Burchill, Lucy Pelton, Alessia Marrocu, Adele Mazzoleni, Lydia Shackshaft", "abstract": "Aims Depression is the single largest contributor to global disability. However, effective treatments are currently lacking, resulting in a significant burden of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, found as the active compound in 'magic mushrooms', has been proposed as a novel therapeutic avenue for TRD. We aimed to evaluate the future feasibility and implications of psilocybin as a new antidepressant therapy. Method We reviewed and critically analysed the available literature on the efficacy and safety of psilocybin as a treatment for depression, and the potential pharmacological and psychological mechanisms of the therapeutic benefit. We discussed the relative contributions to this therapeutic effect of the pharmacological drug treatment, placebo effects, and the context and parameters of the psychotherapeutic experience. We reviewed legal, social, and economic barriers to primary research and clinical implementation. Result Psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy has been shown to be safe and effective in TRD. Its mechanism of action in TRD has not been fully elucidated, however reviewing functional neuroimaging studies demonstrated disparate short and long-term modifications of default mode network connectivity, suggested to represent a ‘reset’ mechanism of acute modular disintegration and subsequent reintegration which restores normal function, reviving emotional responsiveness. Research suggests psychedelic treatment induces lasting personality, belief and attitude changes. The psychedelic drug itself, the context of the psychotherapeutic experience, and the post-drug integration therapy all appear to have a significant role. Preparation prior to treatment, the environment, context and support during the psychedelic experience itself, and the following long-term integration and support process must be considered. Despite novel findings Psilocybin is a Schedule I drug; this imposes a persisting ethical barrier to clinical use. Prohibition of psilocybin results in high costs of drug supply, and potential for harmful drug-seeking behaviours. Therefore, complex socio-political factors currently limit wider implementation. Conclusion Psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy is safe and effective in TRD. The interacting and elusive therapeutic mechanisms have implications for clinical implementation. Preparation prior to treatment, the physical and social environment in which the psychedelic experience takes place, and long-term integration and support are considered to play a significant role. Optimisation of these parameters and cost-benefit analyses are required prior to this being feasible as a widely available therapy. Systemic legislative, political and social change will also be key to enable widespread clinical use. The promise of this therapy on a background of inadequate current antidepressant treatments indicates these must be a priority.", "journal": "BJPsych Open", "publication_date": "2021-05-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1192/bjo.2021.456", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.456", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Context (archaeology), Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Paleontology, Biology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3173209673\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3173209673\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031805082\",\"display_name\":\"Amber Elyse Corrigan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0636-0114\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004172567\",\"display_name\":\"Ella Burchill\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-8844\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007359388\",\"display_name\":\"Lucy Pelton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023201944\",\"display_name\":\"Alessia Marrocu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-4870\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015600435\",\"display_name\":\"Adele Mazzoleni\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-105X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033009428\",\"display_name\":\"Lydia Shackshaft\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9816-0488\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764831659\",\"source_display_name\":\"BJPsych Open\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.456\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3173209673" }, { "id": 3385, "title": "Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, or Substance Use Disorders", "normalized_title": "psychedelic assisted psychotherapy for post traumatic stress disorder anxiety disorders mood disorders or substance use disorders", "authors": "Chao YS, Horton J.", "abstract": "Hallucinogens include many different drugs, which are often called “psychedelic” drugs. The US National Institute on Drug Abuse categorizes these drugs into 2 categories: classic hallucinogens and dissociative drugs. Both types of psychedelics can lead to hallucinations - sensations and images that seem real although they are imaginary. In addition, an individual using dissociative drugs can feel out of control or disconnected from their body and environment. Classic serotonergic psychedelics act primarily by a complete or partial agonist action on brain serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptors. Examples of classic psychedelics are LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, and ayahuasca (also identified as N,N- dimethyltryptamine [DMT]). Examples of dissociative drugs are phencyclidine, ketamine, dextromethorphan, and Salvia (Salvia divinorum). Psychedelics were tested for clinical use prior to the 1960s. However, methodological issues in clinical trials and political concerns have prevented the use of psychedelics in mainstream medicine. In 2010, it was reported that psychedelics were used by more than 30 million consumers in the US. Clinically, researchers acknowledge psychedelics as a potential effective drug for mental health conditions. Researchers and clinicians are testing the clinical effectiveness of psychedelics for mental illness treatment due to the improvement in research methods that reduce ethical and methodological concerns toward psychedelic trials. The wider application of psychedelics has also been motivated by a perceived lack of innovation in mental illness treatment. The number of new molecular entities for psychiatric conditions approved by the US FDA decreased from 13 in 1996 to 1 in 2016. One example of the psychedelics adopted for treatment is ketamine (not used in combination with psychotherapies) that has been used for the treatment of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as reviewed in 2 CADTH reports. Other psychedelics, such as psilocybin and ayahuasca are increasingly being tested for their efficacy in treating mental illnesses. In addition to their use as stand-alone agents, psychedelics can be used in combination with psychotherapy (i.e., psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy). There are a wide variety of psychotherapies that may be used for the treatment of mental health conditions, including guided support that helps patients focus inward on their thoughts and better facilitate participant introspection and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) that combines different types of cognitive therapy and behavioural therapy. Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is often led by licensed professionals with training in administering psychedelics and monitoring their use. Psychedelics may work by altering a patient’s consciousness. They may also affect a patient’s subjective perspectives and approaches to processing thoughts, emotions, and behaviours, thereby providing an alternative therapeutic experience to psychotherapy alone. While psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has been recently tried in patients with anxiety, depression, substance use disorder, and PTSD, some researchers consider the treatment response to be unsatisfactory in patients with mood disorder. This report aims to summarize the clinical effectiveness and safety of psychedelic drug-assisted psychotherapy for PTSD, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, or substance use disorders, in addition to clinical guidelines for the use of psychedelic drug-assisted psychotherapy.", "journal": "Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa (ON)", "publication_date": "2021-05-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "36170470", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36170470", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"36170470\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa (ON)\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1867, "title": "Psychedelics and health behaviour change.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and health behaviour change", "authors": "Teixeira PJ, Johnson MW, Timmermann C, Watts R, Erritzoe D, Douglass H, Kettner H, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Healthful behaviours such as maintaining a balanced diet, being physically active and refraining from smoking have major impacts on the risk of developing cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and other serious conditions. The burden of the so-called 'lifestyle diseases'-in personal suffering, premature mortality and public health costs-is considerable. Consequently, interventions designed to promote healthy behaviours are increasingly being studied, e.g., using psychobiological models of behavioural regulation and change. In this article, we explore the notion that psychedelic substances such as psilocybin could be used to assist in promoting positive lifestyle change conducive to good overall health. Psilocybin has a low toxicity, is non-addictive and has been shown to predict favourable changes in patients with depression, anxiety and other conditions marked by rigid behavioural patterns, including substance (mis)use. While it is still early days for modern psychedelic science, research is advancing fast and results are promising. Here we describe psychedelics' proposed mechanisms of action and research findings pertinent to health behaviour change science, hoping to generate discussion and new research hypotheses linking the two areas. Therapeutic models including psychedelic experiences and common behaviour change methods (e.g., Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Motivational Interviewing) are already being tested for addiction and eating disorders. We believe this research may soon be extended to help promote improved diet, exercise, nature exposure and also mindfulness or stress reduction practices, all of which can contribute to physical and psychological health and well-being.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-05-28", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/02698811211008554", "pubmed_id": "34053342", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211008554", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Health Behavior, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin, Healthy Lifestyle", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34053342\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1914, "title": "Improving cognitive functioning in major depressive disorder with psychedelics: A dimensional approach.", "normalized_title": "improving cognitive functioning in major depressive disorder with psychedelics a dimensional approach", "authors": "Magaraggia I, Kuiperes Z, Schreiber R.", "abstract": "The high symptomatic and biological heterogeneity of major depressive disorder (MDD) makes it very difficult to find broadly efficacious treatments that work against all symptoms. Concentrating on single core symptoms that are biologically well understood might consist of a more viable approach. The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework is a trans-diagnostic dimensional approach that focuses on symptoms and their underlying neurobiology. Evidence is accumulating that psychedelics may possess antidepressant activity, and this can potentially be explained through a multi-level (psychobiological, circuitry, (sub)cellular and molecular) analysis of the cognitive systems RDoC domain. Cognitive deficits, such as negative emotional processing and negativity bias, often lead to depressive rumination. Psychedelics can increase long-term cognitive flexibility, leading to normalization of negativity bias and reduction in rumination. We propose a theoretical model that explains how psychedelics can reduce the negativity bias in depressed patients. At the psychobiological level, we hypothesize that the negativity bias in MDD is due to impaired pattern separation and that psychedelics such as psilocybin help in depression because they enhance pattern separation and hence reduce negativity bias. Pattern separation is a mnemonic process that relies on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, where similar inputs are made more distinct, which is essential for optimal encoding of contextual information. Impairment in this process may underlie the negative cognitive bias in MDD by, for example, increased pattern separation of cues with a negative valence that can lead to excessive deliberation on aversive outcomes. On the (sub) cellular level, psychedelics stimulate hippocampal neurogenesis as well as synaptogenesis, spinogenesis and dendritogenesis in the prefrontal cortex. Together, these effects help restoring resilience to chronic stress and lead to modulation of the major connectivity hubs of the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Based on these observations, we propose a new translational framework to guide the development of a novel generation of therapeutics to treat the cognitive symptoms in MDD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-05-25", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107467", "pubmed_id": "34048913", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107467", "keywords": "Hippocampus, Prefrontal Cortex, Humans, Hallucinogens, Neuronal Plasticity, Anhedonia, Psilocybin, Cognitive Dysfunction, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34048913\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Resilience,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3230, "title": "Decreased brain modularity after psilocybin therapy for depression.", "normalized_title": "decreased brain modularity after psilocybin therapy for depression", "authors": "Daws R, Timmerman C, Giribaldi B, Sexton J, Wall M, Erritzoe D, Roseman L, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Abstract Importance Psilocybin therapy shows antidepressant potential; our data link its antidepressant effects to decreased brain network modularity post-treatment. Objective To assess the sub-acute impact of psilocybin on brain activity in patients with depression. Design Pre vs post-treatment resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) was recorded in two trials: 1) Open-label treatment-resistant depression (TRD) trial with baseline vs 1 day post-treatment fMRI (April-2015 to April-2016); 2) Two-arm double-blind RCT in major depressive disorder (MDD), fMRI baseline vs 3 week after psilocybin-therapy or 6 weeks of daily escitalopram (January-2019 to March-2020). Setting Study visits occurred at the NIHR Imperial Clinical Research Facility.Participants Adult male and female patients with TRD or MDD. Intervention(s) (for clinical trials) or Exposure(s) (for observational studies)Study 1: Two oral doses of psilocybin (10mg and 25mg, fixed order, 7 days apart). fMRI was recorded at baseline and one day after the 25mg dose. Study 2: either: 2 x 25mg oral psilocybin, 3 weeks apart, plus 6 weeks of daily placebo (‘psilocybin-arm’), or 2 x 1mg oral psilocybin, 3 weeks apart, plus 6 weeks of daily escitalopram [10-20mg] (‘escitalopram-arm’). fMRI was recorded at baseline and 3 weeks after the 2nd psilocybin dose, which was the final day of the 6-week daily capsule ingestion. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s) Beck Depression Inventory and fMRI network modularity. Results Study 1: In 16 adults (mean age [SD], 42.8 [10.1] years, 4 [25%] female), psilocybin therapy was associated with markedly decreased BDI scores at 1 week (mean difference, -21; 95% CI=[-27.3, -14.7], P", "journal": "Research Square", "publication_date": "2021-05-19", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-513323/v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-513323/v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR344499\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Research Square\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3420, "title": "Future Directions for Clinical Psilocybin Research: The Relaxed Symptom Network", "normalized_title": "future directions for clinical psilocybin research the relaxed symptom network", "authors": "", "abstract": "Objective: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that psilocybin may have strong antidepressant effects, and may be effective in the treatment of depressive disorders when embedded in a psychotherapeutic protocol (psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy; PAP). However, despite promising results, the mechanism(s) that may be responsible for the antidepressant effects of PAP remain contested. Within this article, it is argued that the ‘Network Theory of Mental Disorders’ may be a useful tool for clinical research with psilocybin, and may help elucidate the antidepressant elements of PAP. Method: The clinical research using PAP for depressive disorders is briefly summarised, as are the potential mechanisms of PAP. In addition to this, the fundamental tenets of the network theory is presented, with particular reference to depression. In brief, the network theory proposes that depression is an emergent phenomenon, due to strong interactions in a complex dynamic symptom network. Results: A model of action based on a symptom network is proposed. It is hypothesised that, if PAP is successful, the connections between symptoms in a network will weaken, thereby rendering the patient less vulnerable to developing/relapsing into depression. It is argued that the application of the network theory may ultimately improve responsiveness and reduce relapse in PAP. Practical guidance in using the network theory for future clinical research with psilocybin is also provided. Conclusion: This article presents the primary hypothesis of the authors (The Relaxed Symptom Network), and intends to inform future researchers on how to integrate the network theory with future clinical studies using PAP.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-05-18", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1037/pne0000290", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/q3ymd_v1", "keywords": "Depression, Network Theory, Psychedelics, Psychopathology, Psychotherapy, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:24", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:37", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"q3ymd_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281568156\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4281568156\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":4,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993518153\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006931708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017360110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024610682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053011811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056944867\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064794182\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098956244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108514834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111974633\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127514208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140530754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145371763\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152690559\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2258008046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2269331520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285271602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2323994370\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2414588418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2469879789\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519546524\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559883979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582550385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2584391386\",\"https://openalex.org/W2601774270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741732950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768795110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784201937\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793403693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892307734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894541203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923522810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2963120510\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965796360\",\"https://openalex.org/W2967775628\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3035643259\",\"https://openalex.org/W3046100757\",\"https://openalex.org/W3083216124\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3120778817\",\"https://openalex.org/W3136469907\",\"https://openalex.org/W3154528253\",\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"https://openalex.org/W3172805875\",\"https://openalex.org/W3177516331\",\"https://openalex.org/W4205906672\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4225598392\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029712264\",\"display_name\":\"Evan Lewis-Healey\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5914-5277\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066145746\",\"display_name\":\"Ruben Laukkonen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8848-9231\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5004497618\",\"display_name\":\"Michiel van Elk\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-3551\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S6813574\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychology & Neuroscience\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1037/pne0000290\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4281568156" }, { "id": 3247, "title": "Future Directions for Clinical Psilocybin Research: The Relaxed Symptom Network", "normalized_title": "future directions for clinical psilocybin research the relaxed symptom network", "authors": "Lewis-Healey E, Laukkonen RE, van Elk M.", "abstract": "Objective: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that psilocybin may have strong antidepressant effects, and may be effective in the treatment of depressive disorders when embedded in a psychotherapeutic protocol (psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy; PAP). However, despite promising results, the mechanism(s) that may be responsible for the antidepressant effects of PAP remain contested. Within this article, it is argued that the ‘Network Theory of Mental Disorders’ may be a useful tool for clinical research with psilocybin, and may help elucidate the antidepressant elements of PAP. Method: The clinical research using PAP for depressive disorders is briefly summarised, as are the potential mechanisms of PAP. In addition to this, the fundamental tenets of the network theory is presented, with particular reference to depression. In brief, the network theory proposes that depression is an emergent phenomenon, due to strong interactions in a complex dynamic symptom network. Results: A model of action based on a symptom network is proposed. It is hypothesised that, if PAP is successful, the connections between symptoms in a network will weaken, thereby rendering the patient less vulnerable to developing/relapsing into depression. It is argued that the application of the network theory may ultimately improve responsiveness and reduce relapse in PAP. Practical guidance in using the network theory for future clinical research with psilocybin is also provided. Conclusion: This article presents the primary hypothesis of the authors (The Relaxed Symptom Network), and intends to inform future researchers on how to integrate the network theory with future clinical studies using PAP.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-05-18", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/q3ymd", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/q3ymd", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR344010\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2145, "title": "Registered clinical studies investigating psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "registered clinical studies investigating psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Siegel AN, Meshkat S, Benitah K, Lipsitz O, Gill H, Lui LMW, Teopiz KM, McIntyre RS, Rosenblat JD.", "abstract": "Psychedelics are a hallucinogenic class of psychoactive drugs with the primary effect of activating non-ordinary states of consciousness. Due to the positive preliminary findings of these drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, the number of registered clinical studies has risen significantly. In this paper, clinical studies registered on clinicaltrials.gov that evaluate the treatment of any psychiatric disorder with psychedelics (excluding ketamine) are summarized and analyzed. 70 registered studies were identified from a clinicaltrials.gov search on December 3, 2020. The majority of studies aim to investigate methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (45.7%) and psilocybin (41.4%). Studies evaluating ayahuasca, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ibogaine hydrochloride, salvia divinorum, 5-MeO-DMT and DMT fumarate were less common at 1.4%, 4.2%, 2.8%, 1.4%, 1.4% and 1.4% of total registered studies, respectively. Most of the studies on MDMA, psilocybin, ayahuasca and salvia divinorum investigated their therapeutic effect on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). LSD was investigated for MDD, anxiety, and severe somatic disorders and ibogaine hydrochloride was investigated for substance and alcohol use disorders. 5-MeO-DMT and DMT fumarate were both investigated for MDD. Only 21/70 registered studies had published results with the majority not yet completed. In view of the large number of ongoing studies investigating psychedelics, it is imperative that these studies are considered by researchers and stakeholders in deciding the most relevant research priorities for future proposed studies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-05-17", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.019", "pubmed_id": "34048997", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.019", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34048997\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Consciousness", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3805, "title": "New insights into the clinical and nonclinical effects of psychedelic substances: an integrative review", "normalized_title": "new insights into the clinical and nonclinical effects of psychedelic substances an integrative review", "authors": "Forstmann M, Sagioglou C.", "abstract": "After decades of stagnancy, research on psychedelic substances (such as LSD, psilocybin or DMT) has experienced a renaissance over the last 10 years, with various major research programs being conducted across Europe and the United States. This research primarily investigates the potential of psychedelics in the treatment of mental health disorders, their short and long term effects on recreational users, and the neurological and cognitive processes responsible for their effects. The present review provides a concise summary of the most recent insights gained from this research. We briefly outline the history of psychedelic research, the objective and subjective effects caused by these substances, the prevalence and socio-psychological correlates of their use, as well as their potential for harm. Subsequently, we review empirical research on the beneficial effects of psychedelics in clinical samples, focusing on their efficacy in the treatment of major depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders, and discuss research on the proposed neural and cognitive mechanisms behind these effects. We then review research on their effects on healthy subjects, focusing on psychological wellbeing as well as changes in personality, nature relatedness, and creativity. Finally, we review empirical evidence regarding long-term effects of single experiences with psychedelics, and conclude with a brief summary and outlook.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-05-04", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/2489x", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2489x", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR336905\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Creativity,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3393, "title": "New insights into the clinical and nonclinical effects of psychedelic substances: an integrative review", "normalized_title": "new insights into the clinical and nonclinical effects of psychedelic substances an integrative review", "authors": "", "abstract": "After decades of stagnancy, research on psychedelic substances (such as LSD, psilocybin or DMT) has experienced a renaissance over the last 10 years, with various major research programs being conducted across Europe and the United States. This research primarily investigates the potential of psychedelics in the treatment of mental health disorders, their short and long term effects on recreational users, and the neurological and cognitive processes responsible for their effects. The present review provides a concise summary of the most recent insights gained from this research. We briefly outline the history of psychedelic research, the objective and subjective effects caused by these substances, the prevalence and socio-psychological correlates of their use, as well as their potential for harm. Subsequently, we review empirical research on the beneficial effects of psychedelics in clinical samples, focusing on their efficacy in the treatment of major depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders, and discuss research on the proposed neural and cognitive mechanisms behind these effects. We then review research on their effects on healthy subjects, focusing on psychological wellbeing as well as changes in personality, nature relatedness, and creativity. Finally, we review empirical evidence regarding long-term effects of single experiences with psychedelics, and conclude with a brief summary and outlook.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-05-04", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/2489x_v1", "keywords": "ayahuasca, clinical application, DMT, drugs, LSD, mental health, psilocybin, psychedelics, psychoactive substances, psychopharmacology, review, social health, well-being, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Psychology, other, Health Psychology, Social health, Mental Health", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"2489x_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Creativity,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5093, "title": "A utilização terapêutica da psilocibina como coadjuvante no tratamento do transtorno depressivo maior: uma revisão narrativa de literatura / The therapeutic use of psilocybin as an adjunct in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a narrative literature review", "normalized_title": "a utilização terapêutica da psilocibina como coadjuvante no tratamento do transtorno depressivo maior uma revisão narrativa de literatura the therapeutic use of psilocybin as an adjunct in the treatment of major depressive disorder a narrative literature review", "authors": "Fabiana Venancio Santana Silva, Alexandre Libanio Silva Reis, Amanda Prazeres Costa, Maria Carolaine Souza da Silva, Rafaela da Conceição de Lemos, Elisângela Marcionilo Da Conceição, Joyce Kelly Soares da Silva, Carlos Alberto Tiburcio Valeriano, David Filipe de Santana", "abstract": "Dados da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) informam que a depressão circunda entre as doenças mais incapacitantes do mundo, estimando-se que mais de 300 milhões de pessoas sofram com esta patologia. A psilocibina é um princípio ativo extraído do cogumelo do gênero Psilocybe de natureza química semelhante ao neurotransmissor serotonina (5- hidroxitriptamina) e a sua ação fisiológica em humanos deve-se à sua ligação primária aos receptores serotonérgicos cerebrais de maneira agonista, promovendo maior absorção de serotonina na fenda sináptica, sendo o receptor 5-HT2A o de maior afinidade. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura (RNL) e possui como objetivo promover o conhecimento científico acerca da psilocibina tendo em vista o seu potencial terapêutico sobre o transtorno depressivo maior, pois a depressão também está relacionada ao hipofuncionamento bioquímico da atividade de neurotransmissores entre eles a noradrenalina, dopamina e serotonina (5-hidroxitriptamina) e quando uma ou mais destas substâncias não se encontram em quantidade suficiente na fenda sináptica, os hormônios causadores de emoções como alegria, euforia e bem estar não são produzidos pelo sistema nervoso, podendo assim se iniciar os sinais e sintomas da depressão. Logo, a importância de programas como este em faculdades e universidades faz-se necessário para que mais pesquisas sejam desenvolvidas e estimuladas nesta área.", "journal": "Brazilian Journal of Health Review", "publication_date": "2021-05-02", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.34119/bjhrv4n3-012", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n3-012", "keywords": "Psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychology and Mental Health", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3164004836\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3164004836\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049808073\",\"display_name\":\"Fabiana Venancio Santana Silva\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084240116\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandre Libanio Silva Reis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-2311\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005118266\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Prazeres Costa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005968220\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Carolaine Souza da Silva\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025226599\",\"display_name\":\"Rafaela da Conceição de Lemos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034763912\",\"display_name\":\"Elisângela Marcionilo Da Conceição\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019390566\",\"display_name\":\"Joyce Kelly Soares da Silva\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012495725\",\"display_name\":\"Carlos Alberto Tiburcio Valeriano\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2931-3372\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071810090\",\"display_name\":\"David Filipe de Santana\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210177346\",\"source_display_name\":\"Brazilian Journal of Health Review\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n3-012\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3164004836" }, { "id": 2159, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Supportive Psychotherapy in the Treatment of Major Depression-Quo Vadis?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted supportive psychotherapy in the treatment of major depression quo vadis", "authors": "Reynolds CF.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-04-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.2901", "pubmed_id": "33146675", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.2901", "keywords": "Humans, Depression, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33146675\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2158, "title": "Errors in a Response Rate and in Effect Sizes in Study of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder.", "normalized_title": "errors in a response rate and in effect sizes in study of psilocybin assisted therapy for major depressive disorder", "authors": "Davis AK, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-04-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4638", "pubmed_id": "33566073", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4638", "keywords": "Humans, Treatment Outcome, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33566073\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2157, "title": "Clinical and biological predictors of psychedelic response in the treatment of psychiatric and addictive disorders: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "clinical and biological predictors of psychedelic response in the treatment of psychiatric and addictive disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Romeo B, Hermand M, Pétillion A, Karila L, Benyamina A", "abstract": "The use of psychedelic treatments has shown very promising results in some psychiatric and addictive disorders, but not all patients achieved a response. The aim of this review is to explore the clinical and biological factors which could predict the response to psychedelics in psychiatric and addictive disorders. A systematic research was performed on MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Web of science, and Scopus databases from January 1990 to May 2020. All studies investigating the predictive factors of response to psychedelics regardless of psychiatric or addictive disorders, were included. Twenty studies investigating addictive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with life-threatening cancer were included in this review. We found that, in all indications, the main predictive factor of response to psychedelics is the intensity of the acute psychedelic experience. Indeed, we found this factor for alcohol and tobacco use disorders, treatment-resistant depression, and anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with life-threatening cancer, but not for obsessive-compulsive disorder. The intensity of the acute psychedelic experience was the main predicting factor of response. The action mechanism of this experience was not clear, but some hypotheses could be made, such as a modulation of serotoninergic system by 5-HT2A receptors agonism, a modulation of the default mode network (DMN) with an acute modular disintegration of the DMN followed by a re-integration of this network with a normal functioning, or an anti-inflammatory effect of this treatment.", "journal": "Journal of psychiatric research", "publication_date": "2021-04-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.002", "pubmed_id": "33730602", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33730602/", "keywords": "Addictive disorders, Ayahuasca, Psilocybin, Psychedelics, Psychiatric disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"33730602\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2154, "title": "Psilocybin and MDMA for the treatment of trauma-related psychopathology.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and mdma for the treatment of trauma related psychopathology", "authors": "Bird CIV, Modlin NL, Rucker JJH.", "abstract": "This review examines the role of trauma in psychiatric morbidity and analogous psychoneurobiological changes. Trauma is a necessary criterion for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), however, trauma history is highly correlated with a variety of psychiatric conditions. Some evidence suggests that Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is the most common psychiatric condition that arises following trauma. Approximately 50% of PTSD cases present with co-morbid MDD. Overlapping symptomatology and neurobiology between these conditions underlie the debate over whether these phenomena result from problematic nosology or whether comorbid MDD + PTSD is a distinct phenotype of trauma-related psychopathology. Regardless, similar treatment approaches have been employed historically, with varying success. The drug-assisted psychotherapy treatment model, which combines pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches, is currently being trialled as a novel treatment approach in psychiatry. Both psilocybin- and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy have received Food and Drug Administration 'breakthrough therapy' designation for the treatment of resistant MDD and PTSD, respectively. This paper reviews the therapeutic rationale of both psilocybin and MDMA for treating both trauma-related MDD and PTSD.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-04-30", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1080/09540261.2021.1919062", "pubmed_id": "34121583", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2021.1919062", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Treatment Outcome, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34121583\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3487, "title": "Characterization of Altered Waking States of Consciousness in Healthy Humans", "normalized_title": "characterization of altered waking states of consciousness in healthy humans", "authors": "University of Zurich", "abstract": "Altered waking states of consciousness and its underlying functional organization have gained increasing interest in recent years, i.e. in identifying the neural basis of consciousness. To overcome fundamental shortcomings of current methods to objectively assess the level of consciousness, the investigators propose here to apply a novel and empirically validated measure called 'perturbational complexity index' (PCI) based on the integrated information theory (IIT). This involves a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and highdensity electroencephalography (hd-EEG) to measure electrocortical responses as distributed cerebral interactions ('integration') and spatiotemporal pattern ('information'). Given the finding of subjectively expanded consciousness as induced here by psilocybin, the investigators hypothesize that the PCI may be higher in such states. This will be the first TMS/hd-EEG study to investigate quantitatively the level of consciousness in a pharmacologically altered waking state of consciousness. In this study the investigators will apply navigated TMS/high-density(hd)-EEG to directly stimulate defined cortical areas and investigate quantitatively the level of consciousness in psilocybin-induced altered brain states. For this purpose, PCI is the primary outcome in psilocybin versus placebo condition. Given the findings and the subjective feeling of an 'expanded' consciousness in such states, the investigators primarily hypothesize that psilocybin will induce a higher PCI as compared to placebo in TMS/hd-EEG measurements over all targeted cortical areas in the acute phase of treatment (80 minutes after substance intake). Measurements will be done over the premotor cortex (Brodmann-Areal BA06), the midline sensorimotor cortex (BA04) and the superior occipital gyrus/cuneus (BA19) and may be related to the experience of an altered sense of self, e.g. measures of selflessness and egodissolution. This study further seeks to characterize the effects of psilocybin compared to placebo on resting state EEG. To this aim, the current source density and the lagged phase synchronization of neuronal oscillations across distributed brain regions will be computed and correlated to reproduce interesting results in a recent work of Kometer and colleagues. More specifically, psilocybin decreased the current source density of neuronal oscillations within a neural network comprising the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices and parahippocampal regions. Even more, psilocybin-induced insightfulness and spiritual experience correlated with the lagged phase synchronization of delta oscillations between the retrosplenial cortex, the parahippocampus and the lateral orbitofrontal area, showing evidence for a direct association of spatiotemporal neuronal mechanism with enhanced insight into life and existence. The investigators therefore hypothesize that current source density of neuronal oscillations within the cingulate cortices and the parahippocampal regions (1.5-20 Hz) will be decreased and the lagged-phase synchronization of delta oscillations (1.5-4 Hz) between the retrosplenial cortex, the parahippocampus and the lateral orbitofrontal area will be correlated to insightfulness. Additionally, psychometric assessment of the sense of self, of perceptual alterations and of mood will be conducted before and after each TMS session (Hood's Mysticism-Scale; 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale; Positive and Negative Affect Schedule). the investigators expect to find a relationship between substance induced changes in perception and mood as indexed by these questionnaires. Furthermore, the investigators will be conducting a probabilistic learning task (emotLearn) to examine the computational processes behind the interaction between reward learning and subconscious versus conscious emotional processing to estimate how emotional stimuli affect the learning rate in psilocybin compared to placebo condition. The investigators hypothesize that psilocybin decreases the conscious and subconscious learning rate by attenuating the processing of emotional cues. The study design will be randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled with one-time application of a single dose for each substance (moderate psilocybin dose of 20mg versus mannitol), within-subject and single center at the Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zurich. The number of participants is 25 healthy subjects as determined by power analysis. Inclusion criteria are healthy male or female volunteers aged 18-40 years. Exclusion criteria are personal and family history of major psychiatric disease (e.g. major depression, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder) as defined in the DSM-V, any major medical condition (e.g. neurologic, cardiovascular, metabolic disease), family history of seizure disorder, current psychopharmacological treatment or pregnant respectively breastfeeding women. The study comprises a total of 3 visits in 3 weeks - 1 screening visit and 2 investigational visits and a written follow-up 12 weeks after the last investigational visit per participant. On the investigational visits participants will receive placebo or psilocybin in a randomized and counterbalanced order. The screening visit consists of a psychiatric assessment, physical examination, routine lab/toxicology, electrocardiogram (ECG), EEG and cranial T1 weighted magnetic resonance tomography (MRT). Study duration will be 2-3 years. The research project was approved by the local ethics committee (KEK Zurich) in December 2018 as \"Other clinical trial\" as specified in the \"Ordinance on Clinical Trials in Human Research\" (KlinV, Chapter 2) without health-related intervention or investigational Medical Product (IMP) \\[25\\], Category B.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-04-28", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03853577", "keywords": "Altered Waking States of Consciousness in Healthy Humans, TMS/EEG, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03853577\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"NA\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5100, "title": "Altered Prediction-Error Processing May Underlie Psilocybin-Induced Changes in Self-Processing", "normalized_title": "altered prediction error processing may underlie psilocybin induced changes in self processing", "authors": "Katrin H. Preller", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-04-26", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.02.036", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.02.036", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anorexia nervosa, Psychology, Perception, Neuroscience, Cognitive psychology, Depression (economics), Anorexia, Hallucinogen, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Eating disorders, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3159723459\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3159723459\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.02.036\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3159723459" }, { "id": 5098, "title": "Effectiveness of Psilocybin on Depression: A Qualitative Study", "normalized_title": "effectiveness of psilocybin on depression a qualitative study", "authors": "Hisham Alshaikhli, Redhwan Ahmed Al-Naggar, Gwen Erlam", "abstract": "Introduction: Psilocybin mushroom use is well documented in spiritual and religious ceremonies globally. This drug is now the most popular in Europe and the USA. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the experiences and effects of psilocybin on patients with depression and anxiety. Method: A qualitative study was conducted interviewing ten participants currently taking psilocybin while experiencing depression and/or anxiety. Ethical approval was obtained from the University ethics committee. Participants were recruited via social media and groups are known to have used psilocybin for the treatment of anxiety and/or depression. Participants were informed of study aims and consent was obtained before interviews commenced. Confidentiality was maintained throughout this study. Interviews began with informing participants that psilocybin may be effective in the management of depression. Initially, information around the way treatment with psilocybin was obtained was sought. This was followed by queries around the effects of the drug in terms of experiences both during and after treatment. Finally, participants were asked to outline the positive effects of psilocybin on their lives. Results: The data were thematically coded using Grounded Theory as an underpinning philosophical paradigm. Emerging themes included enhancement of smell, vision, hearing, and taste sensations. Another theme emerging was the experience of being ‘connected with the universe’ while on the drug. Additionally, participants reported a stabilization of mood, an increase in optimism and emotional control, and a healthier emotional connection with others. Most also felt an increase in comfort, peace and calmness. Another theme that emerged centered on the mechanism of action of psilocybin. Participants stated that this substance seemed to ‘make new connections in their brain,’ resulting in new perspectives. Some participants felt this resulted in a calming influence on the mind and body. This aligns with research showing that psilocybin works by changing the thinking and improving information processing. Conclusion: Psilocybin has promising effects on the patients with depression/anxiety even after a single dose. Psilocybin is safe but the administration should be guided by a health professional to yield safe and positive outcomes.", "journal": "Electronic Journal of General Medicine", "publication_date": "2021-04-26", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.29333/ejgm/10862", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10862", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Anxiety, Clinical psychology, Mood, Qualitative research, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Social science, Sociology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3157692430\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3157692430\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":14,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1659048389\",\"https://openalex.org/W1797327965\",\"https://openalex.org/W1914275515\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975282416\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036881116\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067177395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092728570\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093289860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163858520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171603114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886249511\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891343109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919488535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2940589604\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964775179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2969932117\",\"https://openalex.org/W2975681496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996555671\",\"https://openalex.org/W3038378410\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080277805\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285719527\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030402653\",\"display_name\":\"Hisham Alshaikhli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8413-7060\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089818141\",\"display_name\":\"Redhwan Ahmed Al-Naggar\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-6930\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045531803\",\"display_name\":\"Gwen Erlam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-117X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210214587\",\"source_display_name\":\"Electronic Journal of General Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10862\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Spirituality", "study_type": "Qualitative Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3157692430" }, { "id": 2138, "title": "[Efficacy of psychedelics in psychiatry, a systematic review of the literature].", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psychedelics in psychiatry a systematic review of the literature", "authors": "Berkovitch L, Roméo B, Karila L, Gaillard R, Benyamina A.", "abstract": "ObjectivesPsychedelics are powerful psychoactive substances. Natural psychedelics have been used for millennia by human civilizations, in particular in Latin America, while synthetic psychedelics were discovered in the 50s, giving rise to a lot of research before they were prohibited. More recently, their therapeutic properties have been studied especially to help patients with psychiatric conditions, psychological distress or substance use disorders. This article is a systematic review of the literature which aims to provide an overview of all studies that assessed the efficacy of psychedelics, i.e. psilocybin, ayahuasca and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), on psychiatric diseases and addictions.MethodsWe conducted this literature review following the PRISMA recommendations. MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from January 1990 to May 2020 with the following keywords \"(ayahuasca OR psilocybin OR lysergic acid diethylamide) AND (depression OR anxiety OR major depressive disorder OR bipolar disorder OR anxiety disorder OR substance use disorder OR dependence)\".ResultsTwenty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. Five articles studied psychedelic efficacy in the treatment of life-threatening diseases related to anxiety and depression: four were randomized controlled crossover trials (three with psilocybin for a total of 92 patients, and one with LSD, n=12), and one was a long-term follow-up study. Eleven articles explored the efficacy of psychedelics in the treatment of major depressive episodes: two were open-labeled trials (one with ayahuasca, n=17, one with psilocybin, n=20), one was a randomized controlled trial using ayahuasca against placebo (n=29), and the others were long-term follow-up studies or assessed more precise dimensions of the depressive disorder, such as suicidality, emotion processing or personality traits. Eight articles studied the efficacy of psychedelics in the treatment of addictions: two were open-labeled studies using psilocybin (one in alcohol use disorder, n=10, and one in tobacco use disorder, n=15), and the others were long-term follow-up studies or retrospective observational descriptive studies on alcohol, tobacco, opioids, cannabis, and psychostimulants. One study explored the efficacy of psilocybin in obsessional-compulsive disorder (n=9). Overall, these studies found a quick and important response after psychedelic administration that lasted for several months, even after a single dose. However most of these studies were descriptive or open-label studies conducted on small size samples. No severe adverse events occurred.ConclusionsPsychedelics are promising treatments for anxiety, depression and addiction, their efficacy is quick and sustainable, and they are well tolerated. These effects need to be confirmed in larger studies and compared to standard care.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-04-19", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.encep.2020.12.002", "pubmed_id": "33888297", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.12.002", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Retrospective Studies, Follow-Up Studies, Psychiatry, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33888297\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5104, "title": "O papel da Psilocibina no tratamento de depressão resistente / The role of Psilocybin in the treatment of resistant depression", "normalized_title": "o papel da psilocibina no tratamento de depressão resistente the role of psilocybin in the treatment of resistant depression", "authors": "Giovanni Pereira Pio, Aline Moreira Vitorino, Naira Braga Aidar, Alissa Amoras Magalhães, Eduardo Cammerer Mombelli, Gabriela Marques Ferraz, Rodrigo Pereira Pio", "abstract": "Introdução: A depressão é um transtorno psiquiátrico caracterizado por episódios agudos ou recorrentes de humor deprimido e perda de interesse ou prazer, levando a prejuízos funcionais ao paciente. A psilocibina é uma droga psicodélica com propriedades alucinógenas e serotoninérgicas derivada de cogumelos do gênero Psilocybe. Estudos recentes demonstram potenciais efeitos terapêuticos dessa substância em pacientes com depressão refratária. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática, com busca ativa de artigos, na biblioteca Pubmed. A estratégia de busca para a biblioteca utilizou a pesquisa com os descritores: “psilocibina”, “depressão”, “tratamento” e seus correspondentes na língua inglesa. Foram filtradas publicações em todos os períodos. Dentre os 88 estudos inicialmente filtrados, foram selecionadas 8 publicações que mais se adequaram à temática e que apresentavam maior relevância. Foram excluídos estudos com metodologias contestáveis e estudos diferentes de Ensaios Clínicos; Revisões Sistemáticas; Meta-Análises e Testes Controlados Randomizados, além dos trabalhos publicados em revista com Qualis inferior à B3. Discussão: A psilocibina é um agonista do receptor de serotonina e um psicodélico clássico encontrado em alguns cogumelos. O efeito psicodélico dessa droga é mediado especificamente pelo agonista do receptor de serotonina (5-HT2A), com algum efeito em receptores (5-HT1A e 5-HT2C), sem efeitos diretos em receptores dopaminérgicos. Esse fármaco atua no córtex pré-frontal medial, reduzindo seu fluxo sanguíneo e normalizando sua hiperatividade. Este mecanismo altera a atividade cerebral indutora do humor depressivo. Desta maneira, a substância caracteriza uma nova farmacocinética entre os antidepressivos, visto que os inibidores seletivos da recaptação de serotonina não são agonistas diretos do receptor 5-HT2A. Conclusão: A psilocibina tem potencial terapêutico promissor no campo do tratamento para depressão resistente. Contudo, destaca-se a necessidade de pesquisas com maiores amostras de voluntários, principalmente no que diz à sua aplicabilidade, assim como determinar uma dose mais eficaz.", "journal": "Brazilian Journal of Health Review", "publication_date": "2021-04-18", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.34119/bjhrv4n2-395", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n2-395", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychology and Mental Health", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3164048627\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3164048627\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089947715\",\"display_name\":\"Giovanni Pereira Pio\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059166227\",\"display_name\":\"Aline Moreira Vitorino\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005442546\",\"display_name\":\"Naira Braga Aidar\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087473536\",\"display_name\":\"Alissa Amoras Magalhães\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031348760\",\"display_name\":\"Eduardo Cammerer Mombelli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014249503\",\"display_name\":\"Gabriela Marques Ferraz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071204402\",\"display_name\":\"Rodrigo Pereira Pio\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210177346\",\"source_display_name\":\"Brazilian Journal of Health Review\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n2-395\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3164048627" }, { "id": 3255, "title": "Evaluating the Risk of Psilocybin for the Treatment of Bipolar Depression: A Review of the Research Literature and Published Case Studies", "normalized_title": "evaluating the risk of psilocybin for the treatment of bipolar depression a review of the research literature and published case studies", "authors": "Gard DE, Pleet MM, Bradley ER, Penn A, Gallenstein ML, Riley LS, DellaCrosse M, Garfinkle E, Michalak EE, Woolley JD.", "abstract": "Growing evidence suggests that psilocybin, the active ingredient in hallucinogenic mushrooms, can rapidly and durably improve symptoms of depression, leading to recent breakthrough status designation by the FDA and legalization for mental health treatment in some jurisdictions. Depression in bipolar disorder is associated with significant morbidity and has few effective treatments. However, there is little available scientific data on the risk of psilocybin use in people with bipolar disorder. Individuals with bipolar disorder have been excluded from modern clinical trials, out of understandable concerns of activating mania or worsening the illness course. As psilocybin becomes more available, people with these disorders will likely seek psilocybin treatment for depression and have likely already been doing so in unregulated settings. Our goal here is to summarize the known risks of psilocybin use (and similar substances) in bipolar disorder and to systematically evaluate examples of published case history data, in order to critically evaluate the relative risk of psilocybin as a treatment for bipolar depression. We found 17 cases suggesting that there is potential risk for activating a manic episode, thereby warranting caution. Nonetheless, the relative lack of systematic data or common case examples indicating risk appears to show that a cautious trial, using modern trial methods focusing on appropriate ‘set’ and ‘setting’, targeted at those lowest at risk for mania in the bipolar spectrum (e.g., bipolar 2 disorder), is very much needed, especially given the degree to which depression impacts this population.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2021-04-06", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1101/2021.04.02.21254838", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.02.21254838", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR308148\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3800, "title": "Phenomenological assessment of psychedelic induced experiences: Translation and validation of the German Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) and Ego-Dissolution Inventory (EDI)", "normalized_title": "phenomenological assessment of psychedelic induced experiences translation and validation of the german challenging experience questionnaire ceq and ego dissolution inventory edi", "authors": "Dworatzyk K, Jansen T, Schmidt TT.", "abstract": "Several measures have been designed to assess subjective experiences induced by psychedelic substances and other mind-altering drugs or non-pharmacological methods. Recently, two self-report questionnaires have been introduced to measure acute adverse effects following psilocybin ingestion and the phenomenon of ego-dissolution associated with psychedelic use, respectively. The 26-item Challenging Experience Questionnaire assesses multiple dimensions of psilocybin induced experiences, whereas the 8-item Ego-Dissolution Inventory consists of a uni-dimensional scale. In the present study, these questionnaires were translated into German and their psychometric properties then evaluated in an online survey on psychedelic induced experiences. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 7-factor structure of the German Challenging Experience Questionnaire with overall good internal consistency for all subscales. The factor structure did not differ based on gender or prior struggle with anxiety or depression, furthering the evidence of internal validity. Correlations with the State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory and the Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale demonstrated convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis did not confirm the hypothesized single-factor structure of the German Ego-Dissolution Inventory and exploratory factor analysis suggested an alternative factor structure, where only five items loaded onto a common factor that was interpreted as ego-dissolution. Internal consistency of this 5-item measure was high and correlation with selected items of the Mystical Experience Questionnaire and Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale supported convergent validity. Translation and validation of these questionnaires contribute to the advancement of common standards in the psychological and neuroscientific study of altered states of consciousness.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-04-01", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/kxmgq", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kxmgq", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR321530\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Consciousness,Mystical Experience,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3378, "title": "Phenomenological assessment of psychedelic induced experiences: Translation and validation of the German Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) and Ego-Dissolution Inventory (EDI)", "normalized_title": "phenomenological assessment of psychedelic induced experiences translation and validation of the german challenging experience questionnaire ceq and ego dissolution inventory edi", "authors": "", "abstract": "Several measures have been designed to assess subjective experiences induced by psychedelic substances and other mind-altering drugs or non-pharmacological methods. Recently, two self-report questionnaires have been introduced to measure acute adverse effects following psilocybin ingestion and the phenomenon of ego-dissolution associated with psychedelic use, respectively. The 26-item Challenging Experience Questionnaire assesses multiple dimensions of psilocybin induced experiences, whereas the 8-item Ego-Dissolution Inventory consists of a uni-dimensional scale. In the present study, these questionnaires were translated into German and their psychometric properties then evaluated in an online survey on psychedelic induced experiences. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 7-factor structure of the German Challenging Experience Questionnaire with overall good internal consistency for all subscales. The factor structure did not differ based on gender or prior struggle with anxiety or depression, furthering the evidence of internal validity. Correlations with the State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory and the Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale demonstrated convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis did not confirm the hypothesized single-factor structure of the German Ego-Dissolution Inventory and exploratory factor analysis suggested an alternative factor structure, where only five items loaded onto a common factor that was interpreted as ego-dissolution. Internal consistency of this 5-item measure was high and correlation with selected items of the Mystical Experience Questionnaire and Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale supported convergent validity. Translation and validation of these questionnaires contribute to the advancement of common standards in the psychological and neuroscientific study of altered states of consciousness.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-04-01", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/kxmgq_v1", "keywords": "bad trip, challenging experiences, ego-disintegration, ego-dissolution, hallucinogen, mystical experience, psilocybin, psychedelic, questionnaire, scale development, self-experience, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Cognitive Psychology, Consciousness", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"kxmgq_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Consciousness,Mystical Experience,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5113, "title": "Psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: What do we know so far?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder what do we know so far", "authors": "Nelson Descalço, Ana Beatriz Medeiros, Cátia Fernandes Santos, Guilherme Borges", "abstract": "Introduction Psilocybin is a naturally occurring plant alkaloid in mushrooms and a prodrug of psilocin. It is a serotonin receptor (5-HT2A) agonist and known psychedelic, with similar hallucinatory properties to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It has been identified as a safe and effective option in treatment-resistant depression. Literature focus mainly on its use on depressive but its interest in other psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has grown. Objectives To review the clinical evidence for the use of hallucinogens such as psilocybin in OCD. Methods Non-systematic review of literature found on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using the keywords “obsessive-compulsive disorder”, “psilocybin” and “hallucinogens”. Articles may include clinical trials, case report or case series. Articles found were admitted according to their relevance for the topic in review; only articles in English were included. Ongoing research trials on this topic were checked on ClinicalTrials.gov. Results So far, only one open-label non-randomized study directly assessed the effects of psilocybin on OCD patients that found acute reductions of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Case reports of patients improving with off-label use of psilocybin are reported. There are two ongoing phase I research trials, aiming to explore the effect of the substance on symptomatology, hypothesizing that psilocybin will normalize cerebral connectivity and thus correlate with clinical improvement. Conclusions More research to establish the usefulness of psilocybin in OCD patients is needed; the collected data is encouraging are there may be a role for its use on this disorder.", "journal": "European Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-03-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1114", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1114", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Obsessive compulsive, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical trial, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4212954018\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4212954018\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041784838\",\"display_name\":\"Nelson Descalço\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-5768\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064152910\",\"display_name\":\"Ana Beatriz Medeiros\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9401-5611\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017783395\",\"display_name\":\"Cátia Fernandes Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-0123\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027957855\",\"display_name\":\"Guilherme Borges\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-0507\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S87202501\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1114\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,OCD,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4212954018" }, { "id": 5112, "title": "Effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin assisted therapy on treatment resistant depression", "authors": "A. Fraga, Daniel Esteves-Sousa, João Facucho-Oliveira, Margarida Albuquerque, M. Costa, Paulo Santos, Nuno Moura, A. Moutinho", "abstract": "Introduction Major depressive disorder is a highly prevalent clinical condition, affecting more than 300 million individuals worldwide. About 1/3 of patients with MDD fail to achieve remission despite treatment with multiple antidepressants and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Novel antidepressants with rapid and sustained effects on mood and cognition could represent a breakthrough in the TRD and may potentially improve or save lives. Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, more commonly found in the Psilocybe mushrooms has a combined serotonergic and glutamatergic action. The preliminary evidence of antidepressant effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy indicates the potential of psilocybin-assisted therapy as a novel antidepressant intervention. Objectives The authors elaborate a narrative literature review about the effects of Psilocybin-based therapy on patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. Methods PubMed database searched using the terms “Treatment-Resistant Depression AND Psilocybin” and targeting clinical trials. References of selected articles and review articles were also assessed. Results 2 articles evaluate psilocybin effects in 32 patients with TRD and showed that two doses of psilocybin alongside psychological support significantly reduces depressive symptoms. All patients presented some reduction in symptoms from baseline to one week after the second dose and reproduced immediate and substantial improvements in depression that ultimately could sustain up to 6 months. Conclusions Psilocybin-assisted therapy is a very appealing new possibility in the treatment of depression. However, due to the small populations of the existing trials, future studies are needed to prove this positive association and to fully understand Psilocybin’s mechanisms of actions and effects. Disclosure No significant relationships.", "journal": "European Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-03-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1836", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1836", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Treatment-resistant depression, Hallucinogen, Antidepressant, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Serotonergic, Mood, Obsessive compulsive, Clinical psychology, Major depressive disorder, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Internal medicine, Anxiety, Serotonin, Economics, Macroeconomics, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:51:59", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3212256162\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3212256162\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052285132\",\"display_name\":\"A. Fraga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032989537\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel Esteves-Sousa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033862913\",\"display_name\":\"João Facucho-Oliveira\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-7915\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027164298\",\"display_name\":\"Margarida Albuquerque\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3668-8444\"},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"M. Costa\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075303101\",\"display_name\":\"Paulo Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-3447\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5027654106\",\"display_name\":\"Nuno Moura\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-7791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113724831\",\"display_name\":\"A. Moutinho\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S87202501\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1836\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3212256162" }, { "id": 2165, "title": "Trial of Psilocybin versus Escitalopram for Depression.", "normalized_title": "trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression", "authors": "Carhart-Harris R, Giribaldi B, Watts R, Baker-Jones M, Murphy-Beiner A, Murphy R, Martell J, Blemings A, Erritzoe D, Nutt DJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin may have antidepressant properties, but direct comparisons between psilocybin and established treatments for depression are lacking.MethodsIn a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial involving patients with long-standing, moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, we compared psilocybin with escitalopram, a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, over a 6-week period. Patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive two separate doses of 25 mg of psilocybin 3 weeks apart plus 6 weeks of daily placebo (psilocybin group) or two separate doses of 1 mg of psilocybin 3 weeks apart plus 6 weeks of daily oral escitalopram (escitalopram group); all the patients received psychological support. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in the score on the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR-16; scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating greater depression) at week 6. There were 16 secondary outcomes, including QIDS-SR-16 response (defined as a reduction in score of >50%) and QIDS-SR-16 remission (defined as a score of ≤5) at week 6.ResultsA total of 59 patients were enrolled; 30 were assigned to the psilocybin group and 29 to the escitalopram group. The mean scores on the QIDS-SR-16 at baseline were 14.5 in the psilocybin group and 16.4 in the escitalopram group. The mean (±SE) changes in the scores from baseline to week 6 were -8.0±1.0 points in the psilocybin group and -6.0±1.0 in the escitalopram group, for a between-group difference of 2.0 points (95% confidence interval [CI], -5.0 to 0.9) (P = 0.17). A QIDS-SR-16 response occurred in 70% of the patients in the psilocybin group and in 48% of those in the escitalopram group, for a between-group difference of 22 percentage points (95% CI, -3 to 48); QIDS-SR-16 remission occurred in 57% and 28%, respectively, for a between-group difference of 28 percentage points (95% CI, 2 to 54). Other secondary outcomes generally favored psilocybin over escitalopram, but the analyses were not corrected for multiple comparisons. The incidence of adverse events was similar in the trial groups.ConclusionsOn the basis of the change in depression scores on the QIDS-SR-16 at week 6, this trial did not show a significant difference in antidepressant effects between psilocybin and escitalopram in a selected group of patients. Secondary outcomes generally favored psilocybin over escitalopram, but the analyses of these outcomes lacked correction for multiple comparisons. Larger and longer trials are required to compare psilocybin with established antidepressants. (Funded by the Alexander Mosley Charitable Trust and Imperial College London's Centre for Psychedelic Research; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03429075.).", "journal": "New England Journal of Medicine", "publication_date": "2021-03-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1056/nejmoa2032994", "pubmed_id": "33852780", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2032994", "keywords": "Humans, Citalopram, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation, Double-Blind Method, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Self Report, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33852780\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3156937150\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1365,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037317432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067271431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082645015\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169083980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2279122780\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788337440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3100714436\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211263234\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110662235\",\"display_name\":\"Rosalind Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055877835\",\"display_name\":\"Michelle Baker-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020659258\",\"display_name\":\"Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111666675\",\"display_name\":\"Roberta Murphy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036560266\",\"display_name\":\"Jonny Martell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-7669\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048534479\",\"display_name\":\"Allan Blemings\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S62468778\",\"source_display_name\":\"New England Journal of Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2032994\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Observational Study,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3156937150" }, { "id": 2161, "title": "Harnessing psilocybin: antidepressant-like behavioral and synaptic actions of psilocybin are independent of 5-HT2R activation in mice.", "normalized_title": "harnessing psilocybin antidepressant like behavioral and synaptic actions of psilocybin are independent of 5 ht2r activation in mice", "authors": "Hesselgrave N, Troppoli TA, Wulff AB, Cole AB, Thompson SM.", "abstract": "Depression is a widespread and devastating mental illness and the search for rapid-acting antidepressants remains critical. There is now exciting evidence that the psychedelic compound psilocybin produces not only powerful alterations of consciousness, but also rapid and persistent antidepressant effects. How psilocybin exerts its therapeutic actions is not known, but it is widely presumed that these actions require altered consciousness, which is known to be dependent on serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) activation. This hypothesis has never been tested, however. We therefore asked whether psilocybin would exert antidepressant-like responses in mice and, if so, whether these responses required 5-HT2AR activation. Using chronically stressed male mice, we observed that a single injection of psilocybin reversed anhedonic responses assessed with the sucrose preference and female urine preference tests. The antianhedonic response to psilocybin was accompanied by a strengthening of excitatory synapses in the hippocampus-a characteristic of traditional and fast-acting antidepressants. Neither behavioral nor electrophysiological responses to psilocybin were prevented by pretreatment with the 5-HT2A/2C antagonist ketanserin, despite positive evidence of ketanserin's efficacy. We conclude that psilocybin's mechanism of antidepressant action can be studied in animal models and suggest that altered perception may not be required for its antidepressant effects. We further suggest that a 5-HT2AR-independent restoration of synaptic strength in cortico-mesolimbic reward circuits may contribute to its antidepressant action. The possibility of combining psychedelic compounds and a 5-HT2AR antagonist offers a potential means to increase their acceptance and clinical utility and should be studied in human depression.", "journal": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "publication_date": "2021-03-31", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1073/pnas.2022489118", "pubmed_id": "33850049", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022489118", "keywords": "Hippocampus, Animals, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Ketanserin, Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2, Hallucinogens, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Depression, Stress, Psychological, Male, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33850049\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3155245221\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":377,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1970161990\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990245488\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022226778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033034887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035310051\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088861514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142688387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2464926909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2511946169\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2770049007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791671940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933289315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935995671\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955504961\",\"https://openalex.org/W2982340372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999364864\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110733646\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112535936\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113263685\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041352402\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Hesselgrave\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063775365\",\"display_name\":\"Timothy A. Troppoli\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052734002\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas B. Wulff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-4330\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029103940\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony B. Cole\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-5158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028162083\",\"display_name\":\"Scott M. Thompson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-9049\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S125754415\",\"source_display_name\":\"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022489118\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3155245221" }, { "id": 2147, "title": "Cannabis-induced oceanic boundlessness.", "normalized_title": "cannabis induced oceanic boundlessness", "authors": "Earleywine M, Ueno LF, Mian MN, Altman BR.", "abstract": "BackgroundDespite tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)'s reputation for creating dramatic effects at high doses, empirical work rarely addresses cannabis's impact on subjective responses common to the tryptamine psychedelics. We focused on these effects because they have preceded and covaried with the therapeutic impact of psilocybin in previous work.AimsThe current study examined if self-reported responses to cannabis products might parallel those found in clinical trials of psilocybin administration. We also investigated if measures of demographics and cannabis use might correlate with these responses.MethodsParticipants reported the subjective effect of their highest THC experience using 27 items that assess oceanic boundlessness, a correlate of mystical experiences. They also answered infrequency items and questions on demographics and cannabis consumption.ResultsIn an effort to address concerns about replication, we divided respondents who passed infrequency items into two random samples. Self-reported \"breakthrough\" experiences were significantly greater than zero but significantly lower than those reported in randomized clinical trials of psilocybin (17-19% vs. 59%). Total scores covaried with perceived dosages of THC, but only in one sample. Heavier users of cannabis reported lower scores.ConclusionsSelf-report data suggest that high doses of cannabis can create subjective effects comparable to those identified in trials of psilocybin that precede relief from cancer-related distress, treatment-resistant depression, alcohol problems, and cigarette dependence. Given the disparate mechanisms of action, comparing THC-induced to psilocybin-induced effects might improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying subjective experiences. This work might also support the development of a cannabis-assisted psychotherapy comparable to psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-03-27", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/0269881121997099", "pubmed_id": "33779383", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881121997099", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Self Report, Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists, Dronabinol", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33779383\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3151652679\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3151652679\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":36,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W593791618\",\"https://openalex.org/W1603509204\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966963529\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978737075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008032892\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022336627\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030021261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061139168\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061540970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078135084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082153535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085691122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087952727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121535479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122063286\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141746953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162445884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2238876402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2286619620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2337912130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340256041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473123625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492473231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585493186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594222852\",\"https://openalex.org/W2603506674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604365947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2618935900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2724805291\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2795495768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2890221055\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891256775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919176916\",\"https://openalex.org/W2932518772\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950747661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2964127416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2965908387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2978988552\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979695050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981280520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981779913\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014579665\",\"https://openalex.org/W3018399375\",\"https://openalex.org/W3027835371\",\"https://openalex.org/W3088893658\",\"https://openalex.org/W3093269897\",\"https://openalex.org/W3113026224\",\"https://openalex.org/W3133510121\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229920826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4234523729\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237844050\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090993398\",\"display_name\":\"Mitch Earleywine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-0623\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090782374\",\"display_name\":\"Luna F. Ueno\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7062-5231\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069529785\",\"display_name\":\"Maha N. Mian\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7051-7820\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038304952\",\"display_name\":\"Brianna R. Altman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-2939\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881121997099\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Adolescents,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3151652679" }, { "id": 3799, "title": "Psychedelics and Health Behavior Change - Journal of Psychopharmacology (in press)", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and health behavior change journal of psychopharmacology in press", "authors": "Teixeira PJ, Johnson M, Timmermann C, Watts R, Erritzoe D, Douglass H, Kettner H, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "Healthful behaviors such as maintaining a balanced diet, being physically active, and refraining from smoking have major impacts on the risk of developing cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other serious conditions. The burden of the so-called “lifestyle diseases” - in personal suffering, premature mortality, and public health costs - is considerable. Consequently, interventions designed to promote healthy behaviors are increasingly being studied, e.g. using psychobiological models of behavioral regulation and change. In this article, we explore the notion that psychedelic substances such as psilocybin could be used to assist in promoting positive lifestyle change conducive to good overall health. Psilocybin has a low toxicity, is non-addictive, and has been shown to predict favorable changes in patients with depression, anxiety, and other conditions marked by rigid behavioral patterns, including substance (mis)use. While it is still early days for modern psychedelic science, research is advancing fast and results are promising. Here we describe psychedelics’ proposed mechanisms of action and research findings pertinent to health behavior change science, hoping to generate discussion and new research hypotheses linking the two areas. Therapeutic models including psychedelic experiences and common behavior change methods (e.g., Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Motivational Interviewing) are already being tested for addiction and eating disorders. We believe this research may soon be extended to help promote improved diet, exercise, nature exposure, and also mindfulness or stress reduction practices, all of which can contribute to physical and psychological health and wellbeing.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-03-23", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/8vks6", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8vks6", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:23", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR321591\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3374, "title": "Psychedelics and Health Behavior Change - Journal of Psychopharmacology (in press)", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and health behavior change journal of psychopharmacology in press", "authors": "", "abstract": "Healthful behaviors such as maintaining a balanced diet, being physically active, and refraining from smoking have major impacts on the risk of developing cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other serious conditions. The burden of the so-called “lifestyle diseases” - in personal suffering, premature mortality, and public health costs - is considerable. Consequently, interventions designed to promote healthy behaviors are increasingly being studied, e.g. using psychobiological models of behavioral regulation and change. In this article, we explore the notion that psychedelic substances such as psilocybin could be used to assist in promoting positive lifestyle change conducive to good overall health. Psilocybin has a low toxicity, is non-addictive, and has been shown to predict favorable changes in patients with depression, anxiety, and other conditions marked by rigid behavioral patterns, including substance (mis)use. While it is still early days for modern psychedelic science, research is advancing fast and results are promising. Here we describe psychedelics’ proposed mechanisms of action and research findings pertinent to health behavior change science, hoping to generate discussion and new research hypotheses linking the two areas. Therapeutic models including psychedelic experiences and common behavior change methods (e.g., Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Motivational Interviewing) are already being tested for addiction and eating disorders. We believe this research may soon be extended to help promote improved diet, exercise, nature exposure, and also mindfulness or stress reduction practices, all of which can contribute to physical and psychological health and wellbeing.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-03-23", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/8vks6_v1", "keywords": "health behaviour change, interventions, psilocybin, psychedelics, public health, self-determination, therapy, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Health Psychology, Mental Health, Health-related Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"8vks6_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2175, "title": "Hallucinogenic/psychedelic 5HT2A receptor agonists as rapid antidepressant therapeutics: Evidence and mechanisms of action.", "normalized_title": "hallucinogenic psychedelic 5ht2a receptor agonists as rapid antidepressant therapeutics evidence and mechanisms of action", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Hallak JE, Baker G, Dursun S.", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent mental health disorders worldwide, and it is associated with a reduced quality of life and enormous costs to health care systems. Available drug treatments show low-to-moderate response in most patients, with almost a third of patients being non-responders (treatment-resistant). Furthermore, most currently available medications need several weeks to achieve therapeutic effects, and the long-term use of these drugs is often associated with significant unwanted side effects and resultant reductions in treatment compliance. Therefore, more effective, safer, and faster-acting antidepressants with enduring effects are needed. Together with ketamine, psychedelics (or classic or serotoninergic hallucinogens) such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and ayahuasca are among the few compounds with recent human evidence of fast-acting antidepressant effects. Several studies in the 1950s to 1970s reported antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of these drugs, which are being confirmed by modern trials (LSD, one trial; psilocybin, five trials; ayahuasca, two trials). The effects of these drugs appear to be produced primarily by their agonism at serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptors, especially the 5-HT2A receptor. Considering the overall burden of MDD and the necessity of new therapeutic options, the promising (but currently limited) evidence of safety and efficacy of psychedelics has encouraged the scientific community to explore more fully their beneficial effects in MDD.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-03-18", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/0269881120986422", "pubmed_id": "33740877", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120986422", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Depressive Disorder, Clinical Trials as Topic, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33740877\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3137933781\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3137933781\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":51,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W184284683\",\"https://openalex.org/W1882482010\",\"https://openalex.org/W1918269093\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993197174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008525776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012834083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021282200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037606383\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050472078\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055277208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105571318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128667819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150663429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163858520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164339448\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2546678366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592469547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2749408017\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801130428\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801279915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801418002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810219073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889790655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892307734\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900791190\",\"https://openalex.org/W2919894573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2943320709\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948924404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2974916455\",\"https://openalex.org/W2983486486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2992322507\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014803974\",\"https://openalex.org/W3015140823\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023636576\",\"https://openalex.org/W3038388367\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082850425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090852378\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058075680\",\"display_name\":\"Rafael G. dos Santos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2388-4745\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103536998\",\"display_name\":\"Jaime EC Hallak\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088403251\",\"display_name\":\"Glen B. Baker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-6486\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089267199\",\"display_name\":\"Serdar Dursun\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9943-851X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120986422\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3137933781" }, { "id": 2168, "title": "Acute and Sustained Reductions in Loss of Meaning and Suicidal Ideation Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Psychiatric and Existential Distress in Life-Threatening Cancer.", "normalized_title": "acute and sustained reductions in loss of meaning and suicidal ideation following psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric and existential distress in life threatening cancer", "authors": "Ross S, Agin-Liebes G, Lo S, Zeifman RJ, Ghazal L, Benville J, Franco Corso S, Bjerre Real C, Guss J, Bossis A, Mennenga SE.", "abstract": "People with advanced cancer are at heightened risk of desire for hastened death (DHD), suicidal ideation (SI), and completed suicide. Loss of Meaning (LoM), a component of demoralization, can be elevated by a cancer diagnosis and predicts DHD and SI in this population. We completed a randomized controlled trial in which psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) produced rapid and sustained improvements in depression, demoralization, and hopelessness in people with cancer. Converging epidemiologic and clinical trial findings suggests a potential antisuicidal effect of this treatment. To probe our hypothesis that PAP relieves SI through its beneficial impacts on depression and demoralization (LoM in particular), we performed secondary analyses assessing within- and between-group differences with regard to LoM and an SI composite score. Among participants with elevated SI at baseline, PAP was associated with within-group reductions in SI that were apparent as early as 8 h and persisted for 6.5 months postdosing. PAP also produced large reductions in LoM from baseline that were apparent 2 weeks after treatment and remained significant and robust at the 6.5 month and 3.2 and 4.5 year follow-ups. Exploratory analyses support our hypothesis and suggest that PAP may be an effective antisuicidal intervention following a cancer diagnosis due to its positive impact on hopelessness and demoralization and its effects on meaning-making in particular. These preliminary results implicate psilocybin treatment as a potentially effective alternative to existing antidepressant medications in patients with cancer that are also suicidal, and warrant further investigation in participants with elevated levels of depression and suicidality.", "journal": "ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science", "publication_date": "2021-03-17", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.1c00020", "pubmed_id": "33860185", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.1c00020", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33860185\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3138429576\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":133,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1521287279\",\"https://openalex.org/W1545099244\",\"https://openalex.org/W1721687418\",\"https://openalex.org/W1862997372\",\"https://openalex.org/W1865092458\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964290581\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973763578\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975850253\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976396510\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990354989\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995057124\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000806079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001490833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007686940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031343230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041805221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043218210\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043705060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045333532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052159894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061661949\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063210933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066061643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071268470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074535951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079954350\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085019344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086658449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094249471\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095225953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099574711\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118815581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133250764\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137699706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140658729\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144215610\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145129925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145839824\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154350319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166928505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167585823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2317070629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474274656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616187260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757390367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2758148161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762798648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2787392819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803238382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886232664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886961920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2910242363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923554041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935505088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2959106487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971565476\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973694044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981779913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996109550\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047886920\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W3095307948\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196369884\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216011893\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028101461\",\"display_name\":\"Sharon L. Lo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000949886\",\"display_name\":\"Richard J. Zeifman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-4483\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012044626\",\"display_name\":\"Leila Ghazal\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052441153\",\"display_name\":\"Julia Benville\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053891811\",\"display_name\":\"Silvia Franco Corso\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043329296\",\"display_name\":\"Christian Bjerre-Real\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3230-9729\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015516801\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony P. Bossis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210207642\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.1c00020\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3138429576" }, { "id": 3212, "title": "The DMT and Psilocin Treatment Changes CD11b+ Activated Microglia Immunological Phenotype", "normalized_title": "the dmt and psilocin treatment changes cd11b activated microglia immunological phenotype", "authors": "Kozłowska U, Klimczak A, Wiatr K, Figiel M.", "abstract": "Psychedelics are new, promising candidate molecules for clinical use in psychiatric disorders such as Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). They were recently also proposed as molecules supporting neural tissue repair by anti-inflammatory properties. Here we reported that two classic psychedelics, DMT and psilocin, can influence microglial functions by reducing the level of TLR4, p65, CD80 proteins, which are markers of the immune response, and upregulat TREM2 neuroprotective receptor. Psilocin also secured neuronal survival in the neuron-microglia co-culture model by attenuating the phagocytic function of microglia. We conclude that DMT and psilocin regulate the immunomodulatory potential of microglia. Of note, psychedelics were previously reported as a relatively safe treatment approach. The demonstrated regulation of inflammatory molecules and microglia phagocytosis suggests that psychedelics or their analogs are candidates in the therapy of neurological disorders where microglia and inflammation significantly contribute to pathogenic disease mechanisms.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2021-03-07", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1101/2021.03.07.434103", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.07.434103", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR293601\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Inflammation,Immune Function", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2194, "title": "Low Doses of Psilocybin and Ketamine Enhance Motivation and Attention in Poor Performing Rats: Evidence for an Antidepressant Property.", "normalized_title": "low doses of psilocybin and ketamine enhance motivation and attention in poor performing rats evidence for an antidepressant property", "authors": "Higgins GA, Carroll NK, Brown M, MacMillan C, Silenieks LB, Thevarkunnel S, Izhakova J, Magomedova L, DeLannoy I, Sellers EM.", "abstract": "Long term benefits following short-term administration of high psychedelic doses of serotonergic and dissociative hallucinogens, typified by psilocybin and ketamine respectively, support their potential as treatments for psychiatric conditions such as major depressive disorder. The high psychedelic doses induce perceptual experiences which are associated with therapeutic benefit. There have also been anecdotal reports of these drugs being used at what are colloquially referred to as \"micro\" doses to improve mood and cognitive function, although currently there are recognized limitations to their clinical and preclinical investigation. In the present studies we have defined a low dose and plasma exposure range in rats for both ketamine (0.3-3 mg/kg [10-73 ng/ml]) and psilocybin/psilocin (0.05-0.1 mg/kg [7-12 ng/ml]), based on studies which identified these as sub-threshold for the induction of behavioral stereotypies. Tests of efficacy were focused on depression-related endophenotypes of anhedonia, amotivation and cognitive dysfunction using low performing male Long Evans rats trained in two food motivated tasks: a progressive ratio (PR) and serial 5-choice (5-CSRT) task. Both acute doses of ketamine (1-3 mg/kg IP) and psilocybin (0.05-0.1 mg/kg SC) pretreatment increased break point for food (PR task), and improved attentional accuracy and a measure of impulsive action (5-CSRT task). In each case, effect size was modest and largely restricted to test subjects characterized as \"low performing\". Furthermore, both drugs showed a similar pattern of effect across both tests. The present studies provide a framework for the future study of ketamine and psilocybin at low doses and plasma exposures, and help to establish the use of these lower concentrations of serotonergic and dissociative hallucinogens both as a valid scientific construct, and as having a therapeutic utility.", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-02-25", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2021.640241", "pubmed_id": "33716753", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.640241", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33716753\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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A. Higgins\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0187-8697\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036870430\",\"display_name\":\"Nicole K. Carroll\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5006817439\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew A. Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0538-8211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010506560\",\"display_name\":\"Cam MacMillan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060725736\",\"display_name\":\"Leo B. Silenieks\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012386344\",\"display_name\":\"Sandy Thevarkunnel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020372897\",\"display_name\":\"Julia Izhakova\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056732528\",\"display_name\":\"Lilia Magomedova\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8151-1424\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083617634\",\"display_name\":\"Inés DeLannoy\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013791504\",\"display_name\":\"Edward M. Sellers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0669-2373\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.640241\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3134320342" }, { "id": 3370, "title": "Classic psychedelic coadministration with lithium, but not lamotrigine, is associated with seizures: an analysis of online psychedelic experience reports", "normalized_title": "classic psychedelic coadministration with lithium but not lamotrigine is associated with seizures an analysis of online psychedelic experience reports", "authors": "Nayak S, Gukasyan N, Barrett FS, Erowid E, Erowid F, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "Introduction: Psychedelics show promise in treating unipolar depression, though patients with bipolar disorder have been excluded from recent psychedelic trials. There is limited information on the use of classic psychedelics (e.g. LSD or psilocybin) in individuals using mood stabilizers to treat bipolar disorder. This is important to know as individuals with bipolar depression may attempt to treat themselves with psychedelics while on a mood stabilizer, particularly given enthusiastic media reports of the efficacy of psilocybin for depression. Methods: This study analyzed reports of classic psychedelics administered with mood stabilizers from three websites (Erowid.org, Shroomery.org, and Reddit.com). Results: Strikingly, 47% of 62 lithium plus psychedelic reports involved seizures and an additional 18% resulted in bad trips while none of 34 lamotrigine reports did. Further, 39% of lithium reports involved medical attention. Most of the lamotrigine reports (65%) but few (8%) of the lithium reports were judged to have no effect on the psychedelic experience. Discussion: Although further research is needed, we provisionally conclude that psychedelic use may pose a significant seizure risk for patients on lithium.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2021-02-23", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/r726d", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/r726d", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:51", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR322793\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2179, "title": "Optimal dosing for psilocybin pharmacotherapy: Considering weight-adjusted and fixed dosing approaches.", "normalized_title": "optimal dosing for psilocybin pharmacotherapy considering weight adjusted and fixed dosing approaches", "authors": "Garcia-Romeu A, Barrett FS, Carbonaro TM, Johnson MW, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic, is a safe and promising pharmacotherapy for treatment of mood and substance use disorders when administered as part of a structured intervention. In most trials to date, psilocybin dose has been administered on a weight-adjusted basis rather than the more convenient procedure of administering a fixed dose.AimsThe present post hoc analyses sought to determine whether the subjective effects of psilocybin are affected by body weight when psilocybin is administered on a weight-adjusted basis and when psilocybin is administered as a fixed dose.MethodsWe analyzed acute subjective drug effects (mystical, challenging, and intensity) associated with therapeutic outcomes from ten previous studies (total N = 288) in which psilocybin was administered in the range 20 to 30 mg/70 kg (inclusive). Separate multivariate regression analyses examined the relationships between demographic variables including body weight and subjective effects in participants receiving 20 mg/70 kg (n = 120), participants receiving 30 mg/70 kg (n = 182), and participants whose weight-adjusted dose was about 25 mg (to approximate the fixed dose that is currently being evaluated in registration trials for major depressive disorder) (n = 103).ResultsIn the 20 mg/70 kg and 30 mg/70 kg weight-adjusted groups, and in the fixed dose group, no significant associations were found between subjective effects and demographic variables including body weight or sex. Across a wide range of body weights (49 to 113 kg) the present results showed no evidence that body weight affected subjective effects of psilocybin.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the convenience and lower cost of administering psilocybin as a fixed dose outweigh any potential advantage of weight-adjusted dosing.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2021-02-19", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1177/0269881121991822", "pubmed_id": "33611977", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881121991822", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Body Weight, Hallucinogens, Drug Monitoring, Treatment Outcome, Affect, Grief, Fear, Self Concept, Sex Factors, Mysticism, Adult, Female, Male, Drug Dosage Calculations, Self-Assessment, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin, Cigarette Smoking, Psychosocial Functioning, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33611977\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3129221857\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":99,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1913957972\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020220004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039148654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122453635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127234861\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336455319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623228771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767725891\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886435130\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3009076589\",\"https://openalex.org/W3047238201\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4296153573\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298283550\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091708678\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-1644\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083415921\",\"display_name\":\"Theresa M. Carbonaro\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881121991822\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Mystical Experience", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3129221857" }, { "id": 3203, "title": "Psilocin acutely disrupts sleep and affects local but not global sleep homeostasis in laboratory mice", "normalized_title": "psilocin acutely disrupts sleep and affects local but not global sleep homeostasis in laboratory mice", "authors": "Thomas CW, Blanco-Duque C, Bréant B, Goodwin GM, Sharp T, Bannerman DM, Vyazovskiy VV.", "abstract": "Serotonergic psychedelic drugs, such as psilocin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), profoundly alter the quality of consciousness through mechanisms which are incompletely understood. Growing evidence suggests that a single psychedelic experience can positively impact long-term psychological well-being, with relevance for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including depression. A prominent factor associated with psychiatric disorders is disturbed sleep, and the sleep-wake cycle is implicated in the regulation of neuronal firing and activity homeostasis. It remains unknown to what extent psychedelic agents directly affect sleep, in terms of both acute arousal and homeostatic sleep regulation. Here, chronic in vivo electrophysiological recordings were obtained in mice to track sleep-wake architecture and cortical activity after psilocin injection. Administration of psilocin led to delayed REM sleep onset and reduced NREM sleep maintenance for up to approximately 3 hours after dosing, and the acute EEG response was associated primarily with an enhanced oscillation around 4 Hz. No long-term changes in sleep-wake quantity were found. When combined with sleep deprivation, psilocin did not alter the dynamics of homeostatic sleep rebound during the subsequent recovery period, as reflected in both sleep amount and EEG slow wave activity. However, psilocin decreased the recovery rate of sleep slow wave activity following sleep deprivation in the local field potentials of electrodes targeting medial prefrontal and surrounding cortex. It is concluded that psilocin affects both global vigilance state control and local sleep homeostasis, an effect which may be relevant for its antidepressant efficacy.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2021-02-16", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1101/2021.02.16.431276", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.16.431276", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:48", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR285218\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2198, "title": "Development and Evaluation of a Therapist Training Program for Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Clinical Research.", "normalized_title": "development and evaluation of a therapist training program for psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression in clinical research", "authors": "Tai SJ, Nielson EM, Lennard-Jones M, Johanna Ajantaival RL, Winzer R, Richards WA, Reinholdt F, Richards BD, Gasser P, Malievskaia E.", "abstract": "Introduction: Psychological support throughout psilocybin therapy is mandated by regulators as an essential part of ensuring participants' physical and psychological safety. There is an increased need for specially trained therapists who can provide high-quality care to participants in clinical studies. This paper describes the development and practical implementation of a therapist training program of psychological support within a current phase IIb international, multicenter, randomized controlled study of psilocybin therapy for people experiencing treatment-resistant depression. Description of Training Program: This new and manualized approach, based on current evidence-based psychotherapeutic approaches, was developed in partnership with different mental health researchers, practitioners, and experts; and has been approved by the FDA. Training consists of four components: an online learning platform; in-person training; applied clinical training; and ongoing individual mentoring and participation in webinars.This paper provides a brief overview of the method of support, the rationale and methodology of the training program, and describes each stage of training. The design and implementation of fidelity procedures are also outlined. Lessons Learned: As part of the phase IIb study of psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression, 65 health care professionals have been fully trained as therapists and assisting therapists, across the US, Canada and Europe. Therapists provided informal feedback on the training program. Feedback indicates that the didactic and experiential interactive learning, delivered through a combination of online and in-person teaching, helped therapists build conceptual understanding and skill development in the therapeutic approach. Clinical training and engagement in participant care, under the guidance of experienced therapists, were considered the most beneficial and challenging aspects of the training. Conclusions: Clinical training for therapists is essential for ensuring consistently high-quality psilocybin therapy. Development of a rigorous, effective and scalable training methodology has been possible through a process of early, active and ongoing collaborations between mental health experts. To maximize impact and meet phase III and post-approval need, enhanced online learning and establishing pathways for clinical training are identified as critical points for quality assurance. This will require close public, academic and industry collaboration.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2021-02-02", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.586682", "pubmed_id": "33643087", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.586682", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33643087\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3127909847\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":87,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W570309327\",\"https://openalex.org/W1514273299\",\"https://openalex.org/W1565826239\",\"https://openalex.org/W1644715232\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989747464\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018631585\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028190754\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053775719\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135176444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150839665\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152160545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169631639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726613221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895740693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4321383869\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003939496\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Tai\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-5796\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087298757\",\"display_name\":\"Elizabeth M. Nielson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-4558\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033335673\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Lennard-Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075703225\",\"display_name\":\"Riikka-Liisa Johanna Ajantaival\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002735246\",\"display_name\":\"Rachel I. Winzer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039889194\",\"display_name\":\"William A. Richards\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-9249\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082252502\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick Reinholdt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034785335\",\"display_name\":\"Brian D. Richards\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046150668\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Gasser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021278348\",\"display_name\":\"Ekaterina Malievskaia\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S92766711\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.586682\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3127909847" }, { "id": 5126, "title": "Behandeling met psilocybine", "normalized_title": "behandeling met psilocybine", "authors": "Joost J. Breeksema, Martijn H B Koolen, Metten Somers, Robert A. Schoevers", "abstract": "After a cessation of almost 40 years, there is renewed interest into therapeutic applicationsof the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin for the treatment of patients with various psychiatric disorders. PubMed was searched for clinical trials into \"psilocybin\" between 2000 and 2020, complemented by handsearching. Articles were also screened for explanatory models and working mechanisms. Psilocybin has been studied in 9 clinical trials: for the treatment of substance use disorders, depression, end-of-life anxiety, demoralization, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Results show that psilocybin is well tolerated, with only limited side-effects, while even patients with treatment-resistant disorders sometimes show marked, long-term improvements after one or a few sessions. Initial results are encouraging, but there are several limitations. More research is needed to determine which patient populations can benefit, what role setting and the placebo response play, and how these novel treatments can be optimized.", "journal": "Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)", "publication_date": "2021-01-20", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/5e83b45d-b208-402a-a435-f0380fad6429", "keywords": "Medicine, Psilocybin, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Placebo, Depression (economics), Clinical trial, Obsessive compulsive, Clinical psychology, Alternative medicine, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Pathology, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:00", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3169076037\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3169076037\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090242296\",\"display_name\":\"Joost J. Breeksema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011243177\",\"display_name\":\"Martijn H B Koolen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401843\",\"source_display_name\":\"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/5e83b45d-b208-402a-a435-f0380fad6429\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3169076037" }, { "id": 2203, "title": "[Treatment with psilocybin: applications for patients with psychiatric disorders].", "normalized_title": "treatment with psilocybin applications for patients with psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Breeksema JJ, Koolen MHB, Somers M, Schoevers RA.", "abstract": "After a cessation of almost 40 years, there is renewed interest into therapeutic applicationsof the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin for the treatment of patients with various psychiatric disorders. PubMed was searched for clinical trials into \"psilocybin\" between 2000 and 2020, complemented by handsearching. Articles were also screened for explanatory models and working mechanisms. Psilocybin has been studied in 9 clinical trials: for the treatment of substance use disorders, depression, end-of-life anxiety, demoralization, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Results show that psilocybin is well tolerated, with only limited side-effects, while even patients with treatment-resistant disorders sometimes show marked, long-term improvements after one or a few sessions. Initial results are encouraging, but there are several limitations. More research is needed to determine which patient populations can benefit, what role setting and the placebo response play, and how these novel treatments can be optimized.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2021-01-20", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "33560605", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33560605", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Mental Disorders, Adult, Female, Male, Clinical Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33560605\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3127548368\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3127548368\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090242296\",\"display_name\":\"Joost J. Breeksema\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011243177\",\"display_name\":\"Martijn H B Koolen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021140380\",\"display_name\":\"Metten Somers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-5596\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026480246\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Schoevers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33560605\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3127548368" }, { "id": 2144, "title": "Psychedelic Psychiatry and the Consult-Liaison Psychiatrist: A Primer.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic psychiatry and the consult liaison psychiatrist a primer", "authors": "Barnett BS, Greer GR.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychedelic compounds such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) share a long and complex history with psychiatry. A half century ago, psychedelics were widely employed by psychiatrists in investigational and clinical settings, with studies demonstrating promising findings for their use in the treatment of mental illness and substance use disorders. However, concerns were also raised about their abuse potential and other adverse effects. Owing to these worries and psychedelics' association with the counterculture movement, psychedelics were largely outlawed in the United States in 1970, bringing research on their therapeutic potential to a halt. However, in recent years, a resurgence of psychedelic research has revealed compelling, though early, evidence for the use of psychedelic-assisted therapy in treating alcohol use disorder, nicotine use disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression.ObjectiveHere we provide an overview of psychiatry's complicated relationship with psychedelics, while reviewing contemporary findings on psychedelic-assisted therapy, safety of psychedelic-assisted therapy, and risks of nonmedical use. We also make the case that psychiatry should consider preparing now for the possibility of Food and Drug Administration approval of psychedelic-assisted therapies in the near future. We conclude by discussing how growing societal interest in psychedelics could impact the work of consult-liaison psychiatrists, while also exploring how consult-liaison psychiatrists might contribute to future delivery of psychedelic treatments.MethodsWe reviewed literature on psychedelic-assisted therapies and adverse events resulting from nonmedical psychedelic use.ResultsWe found a small, but rapidly growing literature indicating that psychedelic-assisted therapies may have treatment potential for mental illness and addiction. Our search also revealed a variety of rare adverse events stemming from nonmedical psychedelic use.ConclusionsDespite past concerns about psychedelics, current data indicate psychedelic-assisted therapy may potentially reduce suffering owing to mental illness and addiction if administered thoughtfully and cautiously by trained professionals in medical settings.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-01-20", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1016/j.jaclp.2020.12.011", "pubmed_id": "34210406", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaclp.2020.12.011", "keywords": "N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Psychiatry, United States, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"34210406\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3123670341" }, { "id": 2148, "title": "Classical Psychedelics as Therapeutics in Psychiatry - Current Clinical Evidence and Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms in Substance Use and Mood Disorders.", "normalized_title": "classical psychedelics as therapeutics in psychiatry current clinical evidence and potential therapeutic mechanisms in substance use and mood disorders", "authors": "Mertens LJ, Preller KH.", "abstract": "Classical psychedelics, primarily psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), have been used and extensively studied in Western medicine as part of substance-assisted psychotherapy in the 1950s and 1960s. Modern clinical research is currently gaining momentum and provides new evidence for the safety and efficacy of classical psychedelics (primarily psilocybin, but also LSD and ayahuasca) in the treatment of different psychiatric conditions, including substance use and mood disorders.In this review article, we outline common pathological mechanisms of substance use disorders (SUD) and unipolar depression. Next, the current literature on the effects of psychedelics is summarized in order to generate hypotheses regarding their potential therapeutic mechanisms of action in treating these psychiatric conditions. Finally, we review and discuss clinical trials published since 2011 investigating the effects of psychedelics in SUD and depression.While results from those modern clinical trials are promising, most of them do not meet the methodological requirements to allow firm conclusions on the clinical efficacy of psychedelics. Larger, blinded, randomized controlled trials (RCT) with clearly defined patient groups and well-defined primary endpoints are needed. Additionally, the therapeutic mechanisms of classical psychedelics are currently unknown. This review presents hypotheses derived from preclinical and human studies that need to be tested in future trials to better understand the clinical potential of psychedelic substances in modern psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-01-19", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1055/a-1341-1907", "pubmed_id": "33472250", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1341-1907", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Mood Disorders, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33472250\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2204, "title": "A Single Dose of Psilocybin Increases Synaptic Density and Decreases 5-HT2A Receptor Density in the Pig Brain.", "normalized_title": "a single dose of psilocybin increases synaptic density and decreases 5 ht2a receptor density in the pig brain", "authors": "Raval NR, Johansen A, Donovan LL, Ros NF, Ozenne B, Hansen HD, Knudsen GM.", "abstract": "A single dose of psilocybin, a psychedelic and serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonist, may be associated with antidepressant effects. The mechanism behind its antidepressive action is unknown but could be linked to increased synaptogenesis and down-regulation of cerebral 5-HT2AR. Here, we investigate if a single psychedelic dose of psilocybin changes synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) and 5-HT2AR density in the pig brain. Twenty-four awake pigs received either 0.08 mg/kg psilocybin or saline intravenously. Twelve pigs (n = 6/intervention) were euthanized one day post-injection, while the remaining twelve pigs were euthanized seven days post-injection (n = 6/intervention). We performed autoradiography on hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) sections with [3H]UCB-J (SV2A), [3H]MDL100907 (5-HT2AR antagonist) and [3H]Cimbi-36 (5-HT2AR agonist). One day post psilocybin injection, we observed 4.42% higher hippocampal SV2A density and lowered hippocampal and PFC5-HT2AR density (-15.21% to -50.19%). These differences were statistically significant in the hippocampus for all radioligands and in the PFC for [3H]Cimbi-36 only. Seven days post-intervention, there was still significantly higher SV2A density in the hippocampus (+9.24%) and the PFC (+6.10%), whereas there were no longer any differences in 5-HT2AR density. Our findings suggest that psilocybin causes increased persistent synaptogenesis and an acute decrease in 5-HT2AR density, which may play a role in psilocybin's antidepressive effects.", "journal": "International Journal of Molecular Sciences", "publication_date": "2021-01-14", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.3390/ijms22020835", "pubmed_id": "33467676", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020835", "keywords": "Brain, Hippocampus, Prefrontal Cortex, Synapses, Animals, Swine, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Ligands, Autoradiography, Female, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33467676\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3108222140\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":191,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1956247770\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969855549\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973276415\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998628114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026107282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026813655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051697077\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068427049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077222459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081905164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094823797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099540110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143648030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164282704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186676367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2272422203\",\"https://openalex.org/W2323758266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2409195770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2468366067\",\"https://openalex.org/W2503767557\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553251493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2614237850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2728001011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2901058579\",\"https://openalex.org/W2909954110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2916864608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2933363539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2959039346\",\"https://openalex.org/W2989148073\",\"https://openalex.org/W3014586750\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082850425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3090852378\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112700248\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251222512\",\"https://openalex.org/W6686745015\",\"https://openalex.org/W6714448251\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016318094\",\"display_name\":\"Nakul Ravi Raval\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-7219\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072267838\",\"display_name\":\"Annette Johansen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-2368\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060262643\",\"display_name\":\"Lene Lundgaard Donovan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5112591683\",\"display_name\":\"Nídia Fernandez Ros\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021739634\",\"display_name\":\"Brice Ozenne\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-2956\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005785269\",\"display_name\":\"Hanne D. Hansen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5564-7627\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015895924\",\"display_name\":\"Gitte M. Knudsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-6866\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S10623703\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Molecular Sciences\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020835\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3108222140" }, { "id": 2200, "title": "Classic serotonergic psychedelics for mood and depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of mood disorder patients and healthy participants.", "normalized_title": "classic serotonergic psychedelics for mood and depressive symptoms a meta analysis of mood disorder patients and healthy participants", "authors": "Galvão-Coelho NL, Marx W, Gonzalez M, Sinclair J, de Manincor M, Perkins D, Sarris J.", "abstract": "RationaleMajor depressive disorder is one of the leading global causes of disability, for which the classic serotonergic psychedelics have recently reemerged as a potential therapeutic treatment option.ObjectiveWe present the first meta-analytic review evaluating the clinical effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics vs placebo for mood state and symptoms of depression in both healthy and clinical populations (separately).ResultsOur search revealed 12 eligible studies (n = 257; 124 healthy participants, and 133 patients with mood disorders), with data from randomized controlled trials involving psilocybin (n = 8), lysergic acid diethylamide ([LSD]; n = 3), and ayahuasca (n = 1). The meta-analyses of acute mood outcomes (3 h to 1 day after treatment) for healthy volunteers and patients revealed improvements with moderate significant effect sizes in favor of psychedelics, as well as for the longer-term (16 to 60 days after treatments) mood state of patients. For patients with mood disorder, significant effect sizes were detected on the acute, medium (2-7 days after treatment), and longer-term outcomes favoring psychedelics on the reduction of depressive symptoms.ConclusionDespite the concerns over unblinding and expectancy, the strength of the effect sizes, fast onset, and enduring therapeutic effects of these psychotherapeutic agents encourage further double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials assessing them for management of negative mood and depressive symptoms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2021-01-10", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-020-05719-1", "pubmed_id": "33427944", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-020-05719-1", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Affect, Mood Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33427944\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5130, "title": "Study: Psilocybin enhances therapy in patients with major depression", "normalized_title": "study psilocybin enhances therapy in patients with major depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Patients with major depressive disorder who received two administrations of the psychedelic psilocybin as part of a psychotherapy regimen saw a rapid and lasting improvement in depression symptoms, a randomized open-label trial has found. These findings extend results of research that have suggested antidepressant effects for psilocybin in patients with cancer and treatment-resistant depression, the researchers stated. Study results were published online Nov. 4, 2020, in JAMA Psychiatry.", "journal": "The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update", "publication_date": "2021-01-06", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": "10.1002/pu.30675", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30675", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Psychiatry, Antidepressant, Major depressive disorder, Hallucinogen, Randomized controlled trial, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Anxiety, Internal medicine, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:00", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4245208197\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4245208197\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S1022177896\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30675\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4245208197" }, { "id": 3556, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted Group Therapy for Demoralization in Long-term AIDS Survivors", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group therapy for demoralization in long term aids survivors", "authors": "Joshua Woolley", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to determine whether psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy is a safe and feasible treatment for demoralization in long-term AIDS survivors (LTAS). This study is an open-label mixed-methods pilot study of an individual oral psilocybin drug session combined with ten sessions of an evidence-based, manualized brief group psychotherapy for existential distress in palliative care patients.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2021-01-06", "publication_year": 2021, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02950467", "keywords": "Distress, Depression, Grief, Psilocybin, 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, Indocybin, Modified brief Supportive Expressive Group Therapy, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT02950467\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,End-of-Life Distress", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5145, "title": "Psilocybin therapy appears as effective as escitalopram, small study finds", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapy appears as effective as escitalopram small study finds", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psilocybin therapy appears to be at least as effective as escitalopram in treating depression, findings from a small phase II study published in the New England Journal of Medicine have indicated (15 April 2021)​[1]​. Researchers compared two sessions of psychedelic psilocybin therapy, delivered in a specialist clinical setting, with a course of the selective serotonin […]", "journal": "Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1211/pj.2021.1.91592", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2021.1.91592", "keywords": "Escitalopram, Psilocybin, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Antidepressant, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:00", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4246962837\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4246962837\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80542161\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2021.1.91592\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4246962837" }, { "id": 5141, "title": "Unmet need in depression: Psilocybin, a breakthrough treatment option", "normalized_title": "unmet need in depression psilocybin a breakthrough treatment option", "authors": "Yogesh Kumar Chahar", "abstract": "Major depressive disorder (MDD) has become a health crisis of epidemic proportions in the modern world. One in six individuals in the world is experiencing an episode of major depression in his or her lifetime, and it is estimated that major depression will rank second after cardiac disease as a cause of international medical morbidity by the year 2020. Depression is associated with greater disability than are most other chronic illnesses and is a risk factor for mortality. Additionally, depression predicts the later development of a number of medical conditions, including cardiac and cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, dementia, and cancer. Unfortunately, most patients with depression do not experience a complete resolution of symptoms with antidepressant treatment. Partial-but incomplete-response to antidepressants is associated with an increased risk of full symptomatic relapse (even when on therapy) and a worse long-term disease course. Combined with the high prevalence and significant disability associated with MDD, the fact that currently available treatments are not fully adequate highlights the tremendous need to identify novel treatment strategies. In this review, we have compiled the information available about the potential of psilocybin in the treatment of MDD. This is recently called as breakthrough treatment by FDA. We have presented recent clinical study data to support the notion. This will surely help all health care practitioners to consider this drug in future for the treatment of their patients suffering with MDD.", "journal": "International Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.22271/27069567.2021.v3.i1f.159", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.22271/27069567.2021.v3.i1f.159", "keywords": "Depression (economics), Medicine, Major depressive disorder, Disease, Psychiatry, Dementia, Antidepressant, Intensive care medicine, Anxiety, Internal medicine, Economics, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health Research Topics, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:00", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3164081616\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3164081616\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1965925823\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014296006\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027225968\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051153602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072016770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079258526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104320372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144290629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161296293\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080361799\",\"https://openalex.org/W3110733646\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5096799053\",\"display_name\":\"Yogesh Kumar Chahar\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226113\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069567.2021.v3.i1f.159\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3164081616" }, { "id": 5140, "title": "We Need a Cole Memorandum for Magic Mushrooms", "normalized_title": "we need a cole memorandum for magic mushrooms", "authors": "Robert A. Mikos", "abstract": "In fall 2020, as the nation elected Joe Biden to be our Forty-Sixth President, Oregon voters also passed a noteworthy new drug law reform. Known as Measure 109, Oregon’s path-breaking law legalizes the use of psilocybin, a hallucinogenic substance found in magic mushrooms. Measure 109 is designed to unlock the therapeutic potential of psilocybin, which advocates tout as an effective and safe treatment for depression and other psychological conditions. President Biden has yet to disclose how his Administration will respond to Measure 109. But as we mark the 100th day of the Biden Presidency, let me offer the Administration some friendly advice: decline to prosecute anyone that participates in Oregon’s nascent psilocybin program, as long as Oregon keeps the program under tight control. To make the case for tolerating Measure 109, I draw upon lessons learned from the federal government’s response to state marijuana reforms over the past twenty-five years. That experience demonstrates that attempting to quash state drug reforms is unlikely to succeed and might even prove counterproductive and that tolerating such reforms better serves the interests of the federal government.", "journal": "SSRN Electronic Journal", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3839551", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Administration (probate law), Presidency, Memorandum, Political science, Government (linguistics), MAGIC (telescope), Public administration, Law, Executive branch, Politics, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Philosophy, Linguistics, Quantum mechanics, Physics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:00", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3162478297\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3162478297\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5035209518\",\"display_name\":\"Robert A. Mikos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3534-4968\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210172589\",\"source_display_name\":\"SSRN Electronic Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3839551\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3162478297" }, { "id": 5132, "title": "Preclinical Behavioral Assessment of Chronic, Intermittent Low-Dose Psilocybin in Rodent Models of Depression and Anxiety", "normalized_title": "preclinical behavioral assessment of chronic intermittent low dose psilocybin in rodent models of depression and anxiety", "authors": "Harmony I. Risca", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4777&context=dissertations", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Anxiety, Psychology, Rodent, Rodent model, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Biology, Ecology, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:00", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3209570117\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3209570117\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1501494707\",\"https://openalex.org/W1540206802\",\"https://openalex.org/W1549065864\",\"https://openalex.org/W1608306387\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967421959\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969887276\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970539695\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972616052\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973386992\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973792605\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977722472\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979420282\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993548704\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995573137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001000656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001116453\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006748124\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027721376\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028588306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049372289\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062765660\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067481209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074596234\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084271334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108684858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127363947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137296158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150026124\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150894903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152421113\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156743186\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156923987\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169635500\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169831533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169867458\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172096615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2332105174\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2400771625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2615956903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793853595\",\"https://openalex.org/W2895986834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2931582381\",\"https://openalex.org/W3048747755\",\"https://openalex.org/W3112173414\",\"https://openalex.org/W3117921577\",\"https://openalex.org/W3161861567\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199318186\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062251665\",\"display_name\":\"Harmony I. Risca\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4777&context=dissertations\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3209570117" }, { "id": 2213, "title": "How ecstasy and psilocybin are shaking up psychiatry.", "normalized_title": "how ecstasy and psilocybin are shaking up psychiatry", "authors": "Tullis P.", "abstract": "", "journal": "Nature", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1038/d41586-021-00187-9", "pubmed_id": "33505033", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00187-9", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Serotonin, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Niacin, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Depression, Efficiency, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Neuronal Plasticity, Certification, Clinical Trials as Topic, Drug Prescriptions, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Rumination, Cognitive, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33505033\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3125143320\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3125143320\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":59,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2030472555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082850425\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085641834\",\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058740913\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Tullis\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S137773608\",\"source_display_name\":\"Nature\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00187-9\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3125143320" }, { "id": 2211, "title": "Psychedelic Medicines in Major Depression: Progress and Future Challenges.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic medicines in major depression progress and future challenges", "authors": "Bouso JC, Ona G, Dos Santos RG, Hallak JEC.", "abstract": "The volume of research on the therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs has been increasing during the last decades. Partly because of the need of innovative treatments in psychiatry, several studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of drugs like psilocybin or ayahuasca for a wide range of mental disorders, including major depression. The first section of this chapter will offer an introduction to psychedelic research, including a brief historical overview and discussions about appropriate terminology. In the second section, the recently published clinical trials in which psychedelic drugs were administered to patients will be analysed in detail. Then, in the third section, the main neurobiological mechanisms of these drugs will be described, noting that while some of these mechanisms could be potentially associated with their therapeutic properties, they are commonly used as adjuvants in psychotherapeutic processes. The last section suggests future challenges for this groundbreaking field of research and therapy.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_26", "pubmed_id": "33834416", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_26", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Psychiatry, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33834416\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2208, "title": "A Trip Through Employment Law: Protecting Therapeutic Psilocybin Users in the Workplace.", "normalized_title": "a trip through employment law protecting therapeutic psilocybin users in the workplace", "authors": "Sheppard B.", "abstract": "In 2020, Oregon voters legalized therapeutic psilocybin in response to a plethora of scientific studies showing symptom reduction for depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, opioid addictions, migraines, other mental illnesses, HIV/AIDS, and cancer. The legal rethinking regarding therapeutic psilocybin continues in both state legislatures and city councils. Yet, despite state and local legalization or decriminalization of therapeutic psilocybin it remains illegal under the federal Controlled Substances Act. This tension between local and federal law places therapeutic psilocybin users and their employers in a difficult position. Because all types of psilocybin use remain illegal under federal law, a zero-tolerance drug use workplace policy would discipline a state sanctioned psilocybin user for off-site or off-hours therapeutic psilocybin use. Therefore, this article proposes that as states and cities legalize therapeutic psilocybin, jurisdictions should adopt employment protections for therapeutic psilocybin users like states have adopted for medical cannabis users. The proposed statute in this article protects therapeutic psilocybin users from adverse action based solely on off-site and off-hours drug use and balances employers' rights.", "journal": "PubMed", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "35026878", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35026878", "keywords": "Public Policy, Employment, Workplace, Medical Marijuana, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"35026878\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4206882396\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4206882396\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089477782\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Sheppard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6983-1492\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306525036\",\"source_display_name\":\"PubMed\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35026878\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Headache / Migraine", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4206882396" }, { "id": 2197, "title": "What is the clinical evidence on psilocybin for the treatment of psychiatric disorders? A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "what is the clinical evidence on psilocybin for the treatment of psychiatric disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Castro Santos H, Gama Marques J.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin is a predominant agonist of 5HT1A and 5HT2A/C receptors and was first isolated in 1958, shortly before it became a controlled substance. Research on the potential therapeutic effects of this compound has recently re-emerged alongside what is being addressed as a psychedelic renaissance.MethodsIn this paper we performed a systematic review of the clinical trials conducted so far regarding the therapeutic effects of psilocybin on psychiatric disorders. The eligibility criteria included clinical trials that assessed psilocybin's potential therapeutic effects on patients with psychiatric disorders. Nine hundred seven articles were found and screened in regard to the title, from which 94 were screened through abstract and 9 met the eligibility criteria and were included.ResultsThe papers published focused on 3 disorders: depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and substance use disorder (namely tobacco and alcohol). Psilocybin has shown a relatively safe profile and very promising results, with reductions found on most of the psychiatric rating scales' scores. Research on depression showed the most solid evidence, supported by 3 randomized controlled trials. Studies on OCD and substance use disorder showed more limitations due to their open-label design.ConclusionsAltogether, the results from the studies reviewed in this paper suggest a substantial therapeutic potential. This calls for further research to confirm the results observed so far and further explain the underlying mechanisms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000128", "pubmed_id": "33884324", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000128", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33884324\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2167, "title": "Ethical Concerns about Psilocybin Intellectual Property.", "normalized_title": "ethical concerns about psilocybin intellectual property", "authors": "Gerber K, Flores IG, Ruiz AC, Ali I, Ginsberg NL, Schenberg EE.", "abstract": "Since a 1957 exposé in Life Magazine, chemical compounds derived from Psilocybe mushrooms have been the focus of dozens of attempted and successful patents, most recently to treat depression. Regrettably, the Mazatec indigenous communities who stewarded these traditional medicines for millenia are not party to any of these patents, despite a number of international treaties asserting indigenous rights to their intangible cultural heritage.", "journal": "ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.0c00171", "pubmed_id": "33860186", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.0c00171", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33860186\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3114414169\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3114414169\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":54,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W574685050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018267945\",\"https://openalex.org/W2335291438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2751884637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903629062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912654919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942805562\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247434287\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254355352\",\"https://openalex.org/W4256312697\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086671765\",\"display_name\":\"Konstantin Gerber\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1028-6810\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030596277\",\"display_name\":\"Inti García Flores\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012738536\",\"display_name\":\"Angela Christina Ruiz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051124608\",\"display_name\":\"Ismail L. Ali\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013084950\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Lyla Ginsberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090128248\",\"display_name\":\"Eduardo Ekman Schenberg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7111-9891\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210207642\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.0c00171\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3114414169" }, { "id": 2133, "title": "Examining the Potential Synergistic Effects Between Mindfulness Training and Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.", "normalized_title": "examining the potential synergistic effects between mindfulness training and psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "Eleftheriou ME, Thomas E", "abstract": "Mindfulness-based interventions and psychedelic-assisted therapy have been experimentally utilised in recent years as alternative treatments for various psychopathologies with moderate to great success. Both have also demonstrated significant post-acute and long-term decreases in clinical symptoms and enhancements in well-being in healthy participants. These two therapeutic interventions share various postulated salutogenic mechanisms, such as the ability to alter present-moment awareness and anti-depressive action, corresponding neuromodulatory effects. Recent preliminary evidence has also demonstrated that psychedelic administration can enhance mindfulness capacities which has already been demonstrated robustly as a result of mindfulness-based interventions. These shared mechanisms between mindfulness-based interventions and psychedelic therapy have led to scientists theorising, and recently demonstrating, synergistic effects when both are used in combination, in the form of potentiated therapeutic benefit. These synergistic results hold great promise but require replication in bigger sample groups and better controlled methodologies, to fully delineate the effect of set and setting, before they can be extended onto clinical populations.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.707057", "pubmed_id": "34456763", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34456763/", "keywords": "5-MeO-DMT, MBSR, ayahuasca, decentering, meditation, mindfulness, psilocybin, psychedelic therapy", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"34456763\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Wellbeing,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1896, "title": "Psychedelics and Other Psychoplastogens for Treating Mental Illness.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and other psychoplastogens for treating mental illness", "authors": "Vargas MV, Meyer R, Avanes AA, Rus M, Olson DE", "abstract": "Psychedelics have inspired new hope for treating brain disorders, as they seem to be unlike any treatments currently available. Not only do they produce sustained therapeutic effects following a single administration, they also appear to have broad therapeutic potential, demonstrating efficacy for treating depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, substance abuse disorder, and alcohol use disorder, among others. Psychedelics belong to a more general class of compounds known as psychoplastogens, which robustly promote structural and functional neural plasticity in key circuits relevant to brain health. Here we discuss the importance of structural plasticity in the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as the evidence demonstrating that psychedelics are among the most effective chemical modulators of neural plasticity studied to date. Furthermore, we provide a theoretical framework with the potential to explain why psychedelic compounds produce long-lasting therapeutic effects across a wide range of brain disorders. Despite their promise as broadly efficacious neurotherapeutics, there are several issues associated with psychedelic-based medicines that drastically limit their clinical scalability. We discuss these challenges and how they might be overcome through the development of non-hallucinogenic psychoplastogens. The clinical use of psychedelics and other psychoplastogenic compounds marks a paradigm shift in neuropsychiatry toward therapeutic approaches relying on the selective modulation of neural circuits with small molecule drugs. Psychoplastogen research brings us one step closer to actually curing mental illness by rectifying the underlying pathophysiology of disorders like depression, moving beyond simply treating disease symptoms. However, determining how to most effectively deploy psychoplastogenic medicines at scale will be an important consideration as the field moves forward.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.727117", "pubmed_id": "34671279", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34671279/", "keywords": "depression, hallucinogenic, ketamine, neuroplasticity, prefrontal cortex, psilocybin, psychedelic, psychoplastogen", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"34671279\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Neuroplasticity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1889, "title": "Translating Psychedelic Therapies From Clinical Trials to Community Clinics: Building Bridges and Addressing Potential Challenges Ahead.", "normalized_title": "translating psychedelic therapies from clinical trials to community clinics building bridges and addressing potential challenges ahead", "authors": "Williams ML, Korevaar D, Harvey R, Fitzgerald PB, Liknaitzky P, O'Carroll S, Puspanathan P, Ross M, Strauss N, Bennett-Levy J", "abstract": "Research exploring the potential of psychedelic-assisted therapies to treat a range of mental illnesses is flourishing, after the problematic sociopolitical history of psychedelics led to the shutdown of clinical research for almost 40 years. Encouraged by positive results, clinicians and patients are now hopeful that further interruptions to research will be avoided, so that the early promise of these therapies might be fulfilled. At this early stage of renewed interest, researchers are understandably focusing more on clinical trials to investigate safety and efficacy, than on longer-term goals such as progression to community practice. Looking to identify and avoid potential pitfalls on the path to community clinics, the authors, a group of Australian clinicians and researchers, met to discuss possible obstacles. Five broad categories of challenge were identified: 1) inherent risks; 2) poor clinical practice; 3) inadequate infrastructure; 4) problematic perceptions; and 5) divisive relationships and fractionation of the field. Our analysis led us to propose some strategies, including public sector support of research and training to establish best practice and optimize translation, and funding to address issues of equitable access to treatment. Above all, we believe that strategic planning and professional cohesion will be crucial for success. Accordingly, our key recommendation is the establishment of a multidisciplinary advisory body, broadly endorsed and representing all major stakeholders, to guide policy and implementation of psychedelic-assisted therapies in Australia. Although these challenges and strategies are framed within the Australian context, we sense that they may generalize to other parts of the world. Wherever they apply, we believe that anticipation of potential difficulties, and creative responses to address them, will be important to avoid roadblocks in the future and keep the \"psychedelic renaissance\" on track.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.737738", "pubmed_id": "34803761", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34803761/", "keywords": "clinical research, community clinics, depression, mental health, psilocybin, psychedelics, translation, trauma", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"34803761\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Creativity,Clinical Trial,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1872, "title": "Psychedelic Therapy's Transdiagnostic Effects: A Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Perspective.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic therapy s transdiagnostic effects a research domain criteria rdoc perspective", "authors": "Kelly JR, Gillan CM, Prenderville J, Kelly C, Harkin A, Clarke G, O'Keane V", "abstract": "Accumulating clinical evidence shows that psychedelic therapy, by synergistically combining psychopharmacology and psychological support, offers a promising transdiagnostic treatment strategy for a range of disorders with restricted and/or maladaptive habitual patterns of emotion, cognition and behavior, notably, depression (MDD), treatment resistant depression (TRD) and addiction disorders, but perhaps also anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and eating disorders. Despite the emergent transdiagnostic evidence, the specific clinical dimensions that psychedelics are efficacious for, and associated underlying neurobiological pathways, remain to be well-characterized. To this end, this review focuses on pre-clinical and clinical evidence of the acute and sustained therapeutic potential of psychedelic therapy in the context of a transdiagnostic dimensional systems framework. Focusing on the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) as a template, we will describe the multimodal mechanisms underlying the transdiagnostic therapeutic effects of psychedelic therapy, traversing molecular, cellular and network levels. These levels will be mapped to the RDoC constructs of negative and positive valence systems, arousal regulation, social processing, cognitive and sensorimotor systems. In summarizing this literature and framing it transdiagnostically, we hope we can assist the field in moving toward a mechanistic understanding of how psychedelics work for patients and eventually toward a precise-personalized psychedelic therapy paradigm.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.800072", "pubmed_id": "34975593", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34975593/", "keywords": "dimethyltryptamine (DMT), hallucinogens, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, psychedelics, psychiatry, research domain criteria (RDoC)", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"34975593\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 1836, "title": "Psychedelic Mushrooms in the USA: Knowledge, Patterns of Use, and Association With Health Outcomes.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic mushrooms in the usa knowledge patterns of use and association with health outcomes", "authors": "Matzopoulos R, Morlock R, Morlock A, Lerer B, Lerer L", "abstract": "Popular media coverage of psychedelics use, growing research into this class of compounds for psychiatry and decriminalization initiatives, are transforming the public perception of psychedelics. However, little is known about levels of knowledge and psychedelic mushroom (PM) use among American adults. We examined PM use and various measures of health status, quality of life, and self-reported mental health outcome measures obtained through a national on-line, cross-sectional survey of adults with a demographic composition representative of the US adult population by region, gender, age, and race (weighted = 251,297,495) from November 2020-March 2021. General mental health and well-being were popular reasons for PM use (63.6%), although use for medically-diagnosed (31.8%) and self-diagnosed (19.0%) conditions was also common. PM users reported more depression and anxiety as reflected in higher GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. Factors predictive of PM use included being male [OR1.54 95%CI1.09-2.15] and having higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores [OR1.42; 95%CI1.22-1.65]. Self-reported PM use was less likely among participants with health insurance [OR = 0.50 (0.35-0.72)], increased age [OR = 0.92 (0.90-0.93)] and, relative to those living in the west US census region, living in the northeast [OR = 0.27 (0.15-0.50)], midwest [OR = 0.34 (0.20-0.56)], and south [OR = 0.38 (0.26-0.55)]. A significant number of Americans are already \"self-medicating\" with PM and as growing positive media coverage of psychedelics drives public interest in the health benefits of PM, this number will increase. The association between PM use and poor mental health requires further research to inform policy.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2020-12-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.780696", "pubmed_id": "35046855", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35046855/", "keywords": "anxiety, depression, health insurance, healthcare resource utilization, population based survey, psilocybin mushroom, psychedelic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"35046855\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2183, "title": "A Dendrite-Focused Framework for Understanding the Actions of Ketamine and Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "a dendrite focused framework for understanding the actions of ketamine and psychedelics", "authors": "Savalia NK, Shao LX, Kwan AC.", "abstract": "Pilot studies have hinted that serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin may relieve depression, and could possibly do so by promoting neural plasticity. Intriguingly, another psychotomimetic compound, ketamine, is a fast-acting antidepressant and induces synapse formation. The similarities in behavioral and neural effects have been puzzling because the compounds target distinct molecular receptors in the brain. In this opinion article, we develop a conceptual framework that suggests the actions of ketamine and serotonergic psychedelics may converge at the dendrites, to both enhance and suppress membrane excitability. We speculate that mismatches in the opposing actions on dendritic excitability may relate to these compounds' cell-type and region selectivity, their moderate range of effects and toxicity, and their plasticity-promoting capacities.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-12-20", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1016/j.tins.2020.11.008", "pubmed_id": "33358035", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.11.008", "keywords": "Dendrites, Humans, Ketamine, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Neuronal Plasticity", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33358035\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2221, "title": "Effects and safety of Psilocybe cubensis and Panaeolus cyanescens magic mushroom extracts on endothelin-1-induced hypertrophy and cell injury in cardiomyocytes", "normalized_title": "effects and safety of psilocybe cubensis and panaeolus cyanescens magic mushroom extracts on endothelin 1 induced hypertrophy and cell injury in cardiomyocytes", "authors": "Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng, Christiaan M.L. Steinmann, J.N. Eloff", "abstract": "Prevalence of major depression in people with chronic heart failure is higher than in normal populations. Depression in heart failure has become a major issue. Psilocybin-containing mushrooms commonly known as magic mushrooms, have been used since ancient times for their mind healing properties. Their safety in cardiovascular disease conditions is not fully known and may pose as a risk for users suffering from these illnesses. Study investigates the effects and safety of Psilocybe cubensis and Panaeolus cyanescens magic mushrooms use from genus Psilocybe and Panaeolus respectively, in a pathological hypertrophy conditions in which endothelin-1 disorder is a contributor to pathogenesis. We examined the effects of the mushrooms extracts on endothelin-1-induced hypertrophy and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α)-induced cell injury in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Mushrooms were oven dried and extracted with cold and boiling-hot water. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were induced with endothelin-1 prior to treatment with extracts over 48 h. Cell injury was stimulated with TNF-α. Results proposed that the water extracts of Panaeolus cyanescens and Psilocybe cubensis did not aggravate the pathological hypertrophy induced by endothelin-1 and also protected against the TNF-α-induced injury and cell death in concentrations used. Results support medicinal safe use of mushrooms under controlled conditions and cautioned use of higher concentrations.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2020-12-17", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-79328-5", "pubmed_id": "33339902", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79328-5", "keywords": "Endothelin receptor, Muscle hypertrophy, Pathological, Mushroom, Medicine, Biology, Internal medicine, Botany, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Fungal Biology and Applications, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3115524456\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3115524456\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":31,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W365185848\",\"https://openalex.org/W1495128751\",\"https://openalex.org/W1828522958\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967128858\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997998626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005083453\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017007318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051880837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054898931\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056633265\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075888651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083531465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095643252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136212502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153430526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169230321\",\"https://openalex.org/W2324476825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2527325622\",\"https://openalex.org/W2556671514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2607257758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610169537\",\"https://openalex.org/W2750178422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768816200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792314086\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894345161\",\"https://openalex.org/W3012256305\",\"https://openalex.org/W3081977832\",\"https://openalex.org/W3199318186\",\"https://openalex.org/W4231317121\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007223200\",\"display_name\":\"Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5647-7156\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113698949\",\"display_name\":\"Christiaan M.L. Steinmann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086386072\",\"display_name\":\"J.N. Eloff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-9842\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79328-5\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3115524456" }, { "id": 2170, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Group Therapy and Attachment: Observed Reduction in Attachment Anxiety and Influences of Attachment Insecurity on the Psilocybin Experience", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group therapy and attachment observed reduction in attachment anxiety and influences of attachment insecurity on the psilocybin experience", "authors": "Christopher S. Stauffer, B. Anderson, Kile Ortigo, Joshua Woolley", "abstract": "Attachment insecurity is determined early in life, is a risk factor for psychopathology, and can be measured on two separate continuous dimensions: attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance. Therapeutic changes toward more secure attachment correlate with reduction in psychiatric symptoms. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy has demonstrated promise in the treatment of psychopathology, such as treatment-resistant depression and substance use disorders. We hypothesized that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy would reduce attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, thus increasing attachment security. We also hypothesized that baseline measures of attachment insecurity, which can reflect a diminished capacity for trust and exploration, would inform the quality of the psilocybin session. Participants were male long-term AIDS survivors with moderate-severe demoralization (n = 18). Using the Experiences in Close Relationships scale, we measured attachment insecurity at baseline as well as immediately, and 3 months, after completion of a brief group therapy course, which included a single midtreatment open-label psilocybin session conducted individually. Clinically important aspects of the psilocybin session were assessed using the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire and the Challenging Experience Questionnaire the day following psilocybin administration. Self-reported ratings of attachment anxiety decreased significantly from baseline to 3-months post-intervention, t(16) = −2.2; p = 0.045; drm = 0.45; 95% CI0.01, 0.87. Attachment avoidance did not change significantly. Baseline attachment anxiety was strongly correlated with psilocybin-occasioned mystical-type experiences, r(15) = 0.53, p = 0.029, and baseline attachment avoidance was strongly correlated with psilocybin-related challenging experiences, r(16) = 0.62, p = 0.006. These findings have important implications for the general treatment of psychopathology as well as optimizing psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a broadly applicable treatment modality.", "journal": "ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science", "publication_date": "2020-12-08", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1021/acsptsci.0c00169", "pubmed_id": "33860182", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.0c00169", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Anxiety, Psychopathology, Attachment theory, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:38", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3112557491\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3112557491\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":65,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W48793125\",\"https://openalex.org/W230843767\",\"https://openalex.org/W278113271\",\"https://openalex.org/W1480582778\",\"https://openalex.org/W1492586513\",\"https://openalex.org/W1720881856\",\"https://openalex.org/W1739148636\",\"https://openalex.org/W1831296187\",\"https://openalex.org/W1893171469\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997749778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002249643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003695103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019674006\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032333542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040047870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048140405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051635542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067614431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128248787\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163187022\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171544961\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2475851889\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515306146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2565550142\",\"https://openalex.org/W2603506674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2623228771\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756085338\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784860341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2903001666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2979584688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2980131837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3006905788\",\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229920826\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077197149\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher S. Stauffer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-095X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009662036\",\"display_name\":\"B. Anderson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-660X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021880959\",\"display_name\":\"Kile Ortigo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2047-8485\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101826991\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Woolley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-2093\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210207642\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.0c00169\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mystical Experience,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3112557491" }, { "id": 3491, "title": "Effects of Serotonin Transporter Inhibition on the Subjective Response to Psilocybin in Healthy Subjects", "normalized_title": "effects of serotonin transporter inhibition on the subjective response to psilocybin in healthy subjects", "authors": "University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a classic serotonergic hallucinogen acting on the 5-HT2A receptor. It is used recreationally and in psychiatric research. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like escitalopram are first-line treatments for depression. They inhibit the serotonin transporter (SERT). This might cause a possible downregulation of postsynaptic 5-HT receptors, e.g. the 5-HT2A receptor. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of psilocybin after escitalopram and Placebo pretreatment. Subjective and physiological effects as well as effects on gene expression will be assessed. Psilocybin (the active substance in \"magic mushrooms\") is a classic serotonergic hallucinogen acting on the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. Psilocybin is used recreationally and in psychiatric research. First studies suggest efficacy in psychiatric disorders, such as depression. SSRIs like escitalopram are currently among the first-line treatments of this disorder. Escitalopram acts as a serotonin transporter (SERT) inhibitor. However, the link between this mechanism and its positive effects on mood remains to be established. Several studies suggest a possible downregulation of postsynaptic serotonin (5-HT) receptors such as the 5-HT2A receptor. The aim of the study is to assess whether SERT inhibition reduces expression of the gene coding for the 5-HT2A receptor and the response to psilocybin. Participants will be treated with escitalopram (10 mg in the 1st and 20 mg in the 2nd week) or placebo for 14 days. Pretreatment is followed the first study day. A single dose of psilocybin (25 mg) will be administered. Primary study endpoint are the subjective effects on consciousness (measured by the 5D-ASC total score). Secondary study endpoints include additional psychological measurements, plasma concentrations of psilocybin and escitalopram, hydroxytryptamine receptor (HTR) gene expression, as well as some safety measures (autonomic effects, ECG). The washout between the first study day and the second pretreatment will be at least 2 days. In the second pretreatment period, participants will be treated with placebo or escitalopram (cross-over) for another 14 days. This is followed by the second study day and administration of psilocybin (25 mg). Based on a power analysis the sample size is 24 participants (12 female and 12 male).", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2020-11-30", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03912974", "keywords": "Healthy, Escitalopram, Placebo oral capsule, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03912974\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2201, "title": "Therapeutic effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics: A systematic review of modern-era clinical studies.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics a systematic review of modern era clinical studies", "authors": "Andersen KAA, Carhart-Harris R, Nutt DJ, Erritzoe D.", "abstract": "ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of modern-era (post-millennium) clinical studies assessing the therapeutic effects of serotonergic psychedelics drugs for mental health conditions. Although the main focus was on efficacy and safety, study characteristics, duration of antidepressants effects across studies, and the role of the subjective drug experiences were also reviewed and presented.MethodA systematic literature search (1 Jan 2000 to 1 May 2020) was conducted in PubMed and PsychINFO for studies of patients undergoing treatment with a serotonergic psychedelic.ResultsData from 16 papers, representing 10 independent psychedelic-assisted therapy trials (psilocybin = 7, ayahuasca = 2, LSD = 1), were extracted, presented in figures and tables, and narratively synthesized and discussed. Across these studies, a total of 188 patients suffering either cancer- or illness-related anxiety and depression disorders (C/I-RADD), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or substance use disorder (SUD) were included. The reviewed studies established feasibility and evidence of safety, alongside promising early data of efficacy in the treatment of depression, anxiety, OCD, and tobacco and alcohol use disorders. For a majority of patients, the therapeutic effects appeared to be long-lasting (weeks-months) after only 1 to 3 treatment session(s). All studies were conducted in line with guidelines for the safe conduct of psychedelic therapy, and no severe adverse events were reported.ConclusionThe resurrection of clinical psychedelic research provides early evidence for treatment efficacy and safety for a range of psychiatric conditions, and constitutes an exciting new treatment avenue in a health area with major unmet needs.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-11-30", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1111/acps.13249", "pubmed_id": "33125716", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13249", "keywords": "Humans, Alcoholism, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Psilocybin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33125716\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3271, "title": "A Single Dose of Psilocybin Increases Synaptic Density and Decreases 5-HT2A Receptor Density in the Pig Brain", "normalized_title": "a single dose of psilocybin increases synaptic density and decreases 5 ht2a receptor density in the pig brain", "authors": "Raval NR, Johansen A, Donovan LL, Ros NF, Ozenne B, Hansen HD, Knudsen GM.", "abstract": "A single dose of psilocybin, a psychedelic and serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonist, may be associated with antidepressant effects. The mechanism behind its antidepressive action is unknown but could be linked to increased synaptogenesis and down-regulation of cerebral 5-HT2AR. Here, we investigate if a single psychedelic dose of psilocybin changes synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) and 5-HT2AR density in the pig brain. Twenty-four awake pigs received either 0.08 mg/kg psilocybin or saline intravenously. Twelve pigs (n=6/intervention) were euthanized one day post-injection, while the remaining twelve pigs were euthanized seven days post-injection (n=6/intervention). We performed autoradiography on hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) sections with [3H]UCB-J (SV2A), [3H]MDL100907 (5-HT2AR antagonist) and [3H]Cimbi-36 (5-HT2AR agonist). One day post psilocybin injection, we observed 4.4% higher hippocampal SV2A density and lowered hippocampal and PFC5-HT2AR density (-15.21% to -50.19%). These differences were statistically significant in the hippocampus for all radioligands and in PFC for [3H]Cimbi-36 only. Seven days post-intervention, there was still significantly higher SV2A density in hippocampus (+9.24%) and PFC (+6.1%) whereas there were no longer any differences in 5-HT2AR density. Our findings suggest that psilocybin’s antidepressive actions are linked to increased persistent synaptogenesis and possibly also to an acute decrease in 5-HT2AR density.", "journal": "Preprints.org", "publication_date": "2020-11-29", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202011.0742.v1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202011.0742.v1", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR246628\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"Preprints.org\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2199, "title": "Hallucinogens in Mental Health: Preclinical and Clinical Studies on LSD, Psilocybin, MDMA, and Ketamine.", "normalized_title": "hallucinogens in mental health preclinical and clinical studies on lsd psilocybin mdma and ketamine", "authors": "De Gregorio D, Aguilar-Valles A, Preller KH, Heifets BD, Hibicke M, Mitchell J, Gobbi G.", "abstract": "A revamped interest in the study of hallucinogens has recently emerged, especially with regard to their potential application in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. In the last decade, a plethora of preclinical and clinical studies have confirmed the efficacy of ketamine in the treatment of depression. More recently, emerging evidence has pointed out the potential therapeutic properties of psilocybin and LSD, as well as their ability to modulate functional brain connectivity. Moreover, MDMA, a compound belonging to the family of entactogens, has been demonstrated to be useful to treat post-traumatic stress disorders. In this review, the pharmacology of hallucinogenic compounds is summarized by underscoring the differences between psychedelic and nonpsychedelic hallucinogens as well as entactogens, and their behavioral effects in both animals and humans are described. Together, these data substantiate the potentials of these compounds in treating mental diseases.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-11-29", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1523/jneurosci.1659-20.2020", "pubmed_id": "33257322", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1659-20.2020", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Ketamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33257322\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2186, "title": "[Ketamine, psilocybin, and rapid acting antidepressant: new promise for psychiatry?]", "normalized_title": "ketamine psilocybin and rapid acting antidepressant new promise for psychiatry", "authors": "Bottemanne H, Claret A, Fossati P.", "abstract": "The hypothesis of monoaminergic deficiency has long dominated the conceptual framework for the development of new antidepressant strategies, but the limits of conventional antidepressant treatments targeting monoaminergic signaling have motivated the search for new antidepressant pathways. The success of ketamine in the management of depressive disorders has provoked a renewed interest in hallucinogenic substances such as psilocybin targeting the serotonergic signaling 5HT2A and neurosteroid allosteric modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptors such as brexanolone. Unlike conventional treatments, these modulators of glutamatergic, serotonergic and GABAergic systems exert a rapid antidepressant effect ranging from 24hours to a week. Apart from their clinical interest and the fantasized search for a \"miracle\" molecule that jointly meets the expectations of patients and clinicians, these new targets could lead to the identification of potential new biomarkers for the development of rapid-acting antidepressants and redefine therapeutic strategies in mood disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-11-11", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1016/j.encep.2020.08.006", "pubmed_id": "33190819", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.08.006", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Antidepressive Agents, Psychiatry, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"33190819\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Biomarkers,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2187, "title": "Transcriptional regulation in the rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after a single administration of psilocybin", "normalized_title": "transcriptional regulation in the rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after a single administration of psilocybin", "authors": "Oskar Hougaard Jefsen, Betina Elfving, Gregers Wegener, Heidi Kaastrup Müller", "abstract": "Background: Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic found in “magic mushrooms” with a putative therapeutic potential for treatment-resistant depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. In rodents, psilocybin acutely induces plasticity-related immediate early genes in cortical tissue; however, studies into the effects on subcortical regions, of different doses, and the subsequent translation of corresponding proteins are lacking. Methods: We examined the acute effects of a single administration of psilocybin (0.5-20 mg/kg) on the expression of selected genes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In total, 46 target genes and eight reference genes were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Corresponding protein levels of the three most commonly regulated genes were assessed using Western blotting. Results: In the prefrontal cortex, psilocybin increased the expression of Cebpb, c-Fos, Dups1, Fosb, Junb, Iκβ-α, Nr4a1, P11, Psd95, and Sgk1, and decreased the expression of Clk1. In the hippocampus, psilocybin strongly increased the expression of Arrdc2, Dusp1, Iκβ-α, and Sgk1 in a dose-dependent manner, and decreased the expression of Arc, Clk1, Egr2, and Ptgs2. Protein levels of Sgk1, Dusp1, and Iκβ-α showed only partial agreement with transcriptional patterns, stressing the importance of assessing downstream translation when investigating rapid gene responses. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that psilocybin rapidly induces gene expression related to neuroplasticity, biased towards the prefrontal cortex, compared to the hippocampus. Our findings provide further evidence for the rapid plasticity-promoting effects of psilocybin.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-11-03", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1177/0269881120959614", "pubmed_id": "33143539", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120959614", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Prefrontal cortex, Hippocampus, Neuroscience, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Cognition, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3094714065\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":123,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1487695731\",\"https://openalex.org/W1532805410\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969125125\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991128922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004911098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011245371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015011531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020778578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026743859\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032057219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035632600\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038487059\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049004084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055829187\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060035717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065121422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070285245\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075278744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075361934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081150698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094863064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107441654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116715079\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120695614\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120918936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122148359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122384242\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126405504\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128551987\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153960249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154127252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161050830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169412710\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170915041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171104921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172149172\",\"https://openalex.org/W2290466312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318447563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2407277813\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410613263\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411979104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2515280853\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552073351\",\"https://openalex.org/W2553251493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725596576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781829400\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"https://openalex.org/W3010499243\",\"https://openalex.org/W3016993897\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236678791\",\"https://openalex.org/W4239438238\",\"https://openalex.org/W4410970690\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080789169\",\"display_name\":\"Oskar Hougaard Jefsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-5158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062999838\",\"display_name\":\"Betina Elfving\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6939-5088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012173155\",\"display_name\":\"Gregers Wegener\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0081-0068\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089941210\",\"display_name\":\"Heidi Kaastrup Müller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9842-8114\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120959614\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3094714065" }, { "id": 2160, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin assisted therapy on major depressive disorder", "authors": "Alan K. Davis, Frederick S. Barrett, Darrick G. May, Mary P Cosimano, Nathan D. Sepeda, Matthew W. Johnson, Patrick H. Finan, Roland R. Griffiths", "abstract": "Importance: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a substantial public health burden, but current treatments have limited effectiveness and adherence. Recent evidence suggests that 1 or 2 administrations of psilocybin with psychological support produces antidepressant effects in patients with cancer and in those with treatment-resistant depression. Objective: To investigate the effect of psilocybin therapy in patients with MDD. Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized, waiting list-controlled clinical trial was conducted at the Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center in Baltimore, Maryland. Adults aged 21 to 75 years with an MDD diagnosis, not currently using antidepressant medications, and without histories of psychotic disorder, serious suicide attempt, or hospitalization were eligible to participate. Enrollment occurred between August 2017 and April 2019, and the 4-week primary outcome assessments were completed in July 2019. A total of 27 participants were randomized to an immediate treatment condition group (n = 15) or delayed treatment condition group (waiting list control condition; n = 12). Data analysis was conducted from July 1, 2019, to July 31, 2020, and included participants who completed the intervention (evaluable population). Interventions: Two psilocybin sessions (session 1: 20 mg/70 kg; session 2: 30 mg/70 kg) were given (administered in opaque gelatin capsules with approximately 100 mL of water) in the context of supportive psychotherapy (approximately 11 hours). Participants were randomized to begin treatment immediately or after an 8-week delay. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome, depression severity was assessed with the GRID-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (GRID-HAMD) scores at baseline (score of ≥17 required for enrollment) and weeks 5 and 8 after enrollment for the delayed treatment group, which corresponded to weeks 1 and 4 after the intervention for the immediate treatment group. Secondary outcomes included the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Rated (QIDS-SR). Results: Of the randomized participants, 24 of 27 (89%) completed the intervention and the week 1 and week 4 postsession assessments. This population had a mean (SD) age of 39.8 (12.2) years, was composed of 16 women (67%), and had a mean (SD) baseline GRID-HAMD score of 22.8 (3.9). The mean (SD) GRID-HAMD scores at weeks 1 and 4 (8.0 [7.1] and 8.5 [5.7]) in the immediate treatment group were statistically significantly lower than the scores at the comparable time points of weeks 5 and 8 (23.8 [5.4] and 23.5 [6.0]) in the delayed treatment group. The effect sizes were large at week 5 (Cohen d = 2.5; 95% CI, 1.4-3.5; P", "journal": "JAMA Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2020-11-03", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285", "pubmed_id": "33146667", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Context (archaeology), Major depressive disorder, Psychiatry, Population, Depression (economics), Major depressive episode, Internal medicine, Cognition, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Economics, Biology, Paleontology, Environmental health, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3096208965\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1264,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W78677904\",\"https://openalex.org/W565990201\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607171655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1961364466\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985329916\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987450364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026718830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030962294\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038786381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039753838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044440339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053011811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061935788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080083219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084315798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095852687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097572674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107786290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110658215\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123354702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160070901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318935314\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2566701931\",\"https://openalex.org/W2570478916\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737505385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762822955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2789034326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803958441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945506353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2987203272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991752231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001327571\",\"https://openalex.org/W3005441929\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4233726448\",\"https://openalex.org/W4238546297\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242088524\",\"https://openalex.org/W4255288952\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285719527\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038141719\",\"display_name\":\"Alan K. Davis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015373046\",\"display_name\":\"Darrick G. May\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025469924\",\"display_name\":\"Mary P Cosimano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061776312\",\"display_name\":\"Nathan D. Sepeda\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063337848\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick H. Finan\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-4801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2495708506\",\"source_display_name\":\"JAMA Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3096208965" }, { "id": 3402, "title": "A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "a meta analysis of placebo controlled trials of psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "Luoma JB, Chwyl C, Bathje G, Davis AK, Lancelotta RL.", "abstract": "After a two-decade hiatus in which research on psychedelics was essentially halted, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy for mental health conditions have begun to be published. We identified nine randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy published since 1994. Studies examined psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), ayahuasca (which contains a combination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala monoamine oxidase inhibitor alkaloids), and MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). We compared the standardized mean difference between the experimental and placebo control group at the primary endpoint. Results indicated a significant mean between-groups effect size of 1.21 (Hedges g), which is larger than the typical effect size found in trials of psychopharmacological or psychotherapy interventions. For the three studies that maintained a placebo control through a follow-up assessment, effects were generally maintained at follow-up. Overall, analyses support the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapy across four mental health conditions-post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety/depression associated with a life-threatening illness, unipolar depression, and social anxiety among autistic adults. While study quality was high, we identify several areas for improvement regarding the conduct and reporting of trials. Larger trials with more diverse samples are needed to examine possible moderators and mediators of effects, and to establish whether effects are maintained over time.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2020-10-27", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/nhbjk", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nhbjk", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR325838\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3429, "title": "Effects of Psilocybin on Anxiety and Psychosocial Distress in Cancer Patients", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin on anxiety and psychosocial distress in cancer patients", "authors": "NYU Langone Health", "abstract": "The primary objective of this double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study is to assess the efficacy of psilocybin administration (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), a serotonergic psychoactive agent, on psychosocial distress, with the specific primary outcome variable being anxiety associated with cancer. Secondary outcome measures will look at the effect of psilocybin on symptoms of pain perception, depression, existential/psychospiritual distress, attitudes towards disease progression and death, quality of life, and spiritual/mystical states of consciousness. In addition, a secondary objective of the study is to determine the feasibility of administering psilocybin to this patient population, with regards to the following issues: safety, patient recruitment, consent for treatment, and retention. The duration of the proposed investigation will be long enough to administer the drug one time to each of thirty-two patients and to conduct follow-up assessments. This study is separate but similar to a recently completed study at the Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, run by a psychiatrist, Dr. Charles Grob. Although the outcomes measures would be similar to those used as in the Grob study, the proposed dose of psilocybin is higher at 0.3mg/kg and the total subjects for the study would be 32 instead of 12. The study utilizes a cross-over design at 7 weeks and includes prospective follow-up of 6 months duration. This study has been approved by the Bellevue Psychiatry Research Committee, the NYU Oncology PRMC Committee, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) through the issuance of an IND (77,138), the New York University School of Medicine Institutional Review Board (NYU IRB), the Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC)-New York University (NYU) Clinical Translational Science Institute (CTSI), the NYU Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, and the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) through the issuance of a schedule I license. It is hypothesized that a one time experience with psilocybin will occasion dramatic shifts in consciousness and awareness that will lead to short-term (ie hours to days) and long-term (up to 6 months in this study, following the administration of the second dosing, either psilocybin or placebo) improvement in anxiety, depression, and pain associated with advanced cancer. The exact mechanism of action is unclear but based on studies done in the 60's using serotonergic hallucinogens in patients with advanced cancer, improvements in anxiety levels, mood and pain were reported. However, a treatment model developed by the famous British psychiatrist Humphrey Osmond, offers one possibility. In this model, serotonergic hallucinogens' therapeutic mechanism lies in their ability to allow the individual to access novel dimensions of consciousness and their efficacy or lack thereof relies on whether a transcendent and mystical state of awareness is attained. Another possible mechanism relates to what Dobkin de Rios and Grob have described as 'managed altered states of consciousness,' where the power of suggestibility, occurring in a safe setting, allows one to transcend a particular state of consciousness (i.e. anxiety and depression associated with advanced illness) as a means to facilitate emotional discharge and to manage irreconcilable conflict.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2020-10-19", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00957359", "keywords": "Cancer, Psilocybin, 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, Niacin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT00957359\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"EARLY_PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2242, "title": "Efficacy of psychedelic treatments on depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psychedelic treatments on depressive symptoms a meta analysis", "authors": "Romeo B, Karila L, Martelli C, Benyamina A", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs have shown an efficacy in some psychiatric disorders and have an original mechanism of action with a 5-HT agonism. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess by a quantitative analysis the putative efficacy of psychedelic drugs on depressive symptoms and to investigate the kinetic of this efficacy. We searched the MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases through April 2019, without limits on year of publication. Means and standard deviations were extracted to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD). Scores of depressive symptoms were compared with baseline scores at days 7, 14, and 21; weeks 4-5 and 6-8; and months 3 and 6. Eight studies were included in this meta-analysis. A significant decrease of depressive symptoms was found from day 1 ( = 5 studies; SMD = -1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.33 to -0.48, = 0.003) to 6 months ( = 4 studies; SMD = -1.07, 95% CI: -1.44 to -0.7, This meta-analysis shows that psychedelic treatments were safe and could contribute to a rapid improvement of depressive symptoms.", "journal": "Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)", "publication_date": "2020-09-30", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1177/0269881120919957", "pubmed_id": "32448048", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32448048/", "keywords": "Psychedelics, ayahuasca, depressive symptoms, meta-analysis, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"32448048\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3834, "title": "Wait for the Science Before Widespread Use of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "wait for the science before widespread use of psilocybin", "authors": "Nicole Harrington Cirino", "abstract": "Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ViewpointsFull AccessWait for the Science Before Widespread Use of PsilocybinNicole Harrington Cirino, M.D.Nicole Harrington Cirino, M.D.Published Online:28 Sep 2020https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2020.10a32AbstractThe momentum behind psilocybin as the next big \"breakthrough\" in treating psychiatric disorders is strong, but Oregon psychiatrists and APA have had to push back psilocybin enthusiasts from making unsafe and premature laws for the use of psilocybin for vulnerable psychiatric patients looking for a cure. Over 112,000 Oregon residents signed a petition and made campaign donations topping $1.2 million to put the question of whether psilocybin-which is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-should be legalized on the November ballot in Oregon. Measure 109, The Psilocybin Program Initiative, is the first psilocybin treatment measure being proposed in the United States. It is gaining significant support from the psilocybin community. The Oregon Psilocybin Society is leading the Yes vote on the Measure 109 campaign. The society was formed by Portland-area psychotherapists Thomas and Sheri Eckert (both master's-level psychotherapists). Missing from the planning or initiation of the initiative is any mention of or oversight by Oregon psychiatrists.The Oregon Psychiatric Physicians Association (OPPA) and APA have both voiced their opposition for this measure for three main reasons: (1) safety and efficacy have not yet been established for psilocybin, (2) using majority public vote via ballot initiative to bypass FDA approval for a new medical treatment is dangerous, and (3) if passed, the use of psilocybin will not require oversight by medical professionals, particularly psychiatrists.Measure 109 as written would allow the \"manufacture, delivery, and administration\" of the hallucinogenic drug psilocybin for the treatment of \"including but not limited to addiction, depression, anxiety disorders, and end of-life psychological distress\" by nonmedical providers.Those following the scientific data know that neither safety nor efficacy has been established according to FDA guidelines or clinical trials. The psychiatric community generally agrees with the FDA-that early limited trials have shown that this new treatment has potential. The FDA has given psilocybin \"breakthrough therapy\" status for major depressive disorder to Usona pharmaceuticals whose phase 2 trials are still under way. Phase 3 trials have yet to even start for psilocybin.Psilocybin is believed to act on serotonin receptors and induce hallucinations as its main proposed mechanism of action. Studies have not yet explored basic drug interactions with other serotonergic or dopaminergic agents, the impact on psychiatric conditions vulnerable to psychosis, dose, side-effect profile, and efficacy for the treatment of substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, and other comorbid psychiatric conditions. In essence, Measure 109 allows prescribing of a non-FDA approved Schedule 1 controlled substance by a nonmedical practitioner for an overly inclusive range of psychiatric conditions.In a letter in August to Oregon Secretary of State Bev Clarno, APA CEO and Medical Director Saul Levin, M.D., M.P.A., stated, \"Treating patients with mental health and substance use disorders is complex, due to the fact that more than half of these patients also have an underlying physical illness. Given our limited understanding of psilocybin's effects on patients and how it may interact with other medications, it is dangerous to allow practitioners-especially those with no medical training-to dispense a controlled substance.\"Psychiatrists, as physicians and experts in the treatment of psychiatric conditions, urge psilocybin nonphysician enthusiasts to slow down and wait for the science. It is dangerous to promote widespread use of psilocybin to vulnerable Oregonians with psychiatric conditions. ■The views expressed in this article do not represent the views of OHSU.The letter by Saul Levin, M.D., M.P.A., is posted here.Nicole Harrington Cirino, M.D., is president of the Oregon Psychiatric Physicians Association and an associate professor of psychiatry and obstetrics and gynecology at the Oregon Health and Science University. ISSUES NewArchived", "journal": "Psychiatric News", "publication_date": "2020-09-28", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1176/appi.pn.2020.10a32", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2020.10a32", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Ballot, Psychiatry, Opposition (politics), Psychology, Political science, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Law, Politics, Voting, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3091539953\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3091539953\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002035022\",\"display_name\":\"Nicole Harrington Cirino\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210208841\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatric News\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2020.10a32\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3091539953" }, { "id": 2238, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted group therapy for demoralized older long-term AIDS survivor men: An open-label safety and feasibility pilot study", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted group therapy for demoralized older long term aids survivor men an open label safety and feasibility pilot study", "authors": "B. Anderson, Alicia Danforth, Prof Robert Daroff, Christopher S. Stauffer, Eve Ekman, Gabrielle Agin-Liebes, Alexander Trope, Matthew Tyler Boden, James Dilley, Jennifer Mitchell, Joshua Woolley", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin therapy has shown promise as a rapid-acting treatment for depression, anxiety, and demoralization in patients with serious medical illness (e.g., cancer) when paired with individual psychotherapy. This study assessed the safety and feasibility of psilocybin-assisted group therapy for demoralization in older long-term AIDS survivor (OLTAS) men, a population with a high degree of demoralization and traumatic loss. METHODS: Self-identified gay men OLTAS with moderate-to-severe demoralization (Demoralization Scale-II ≥8) were recruited from the community of a major US city for a single-site open-label study of psilocybin-assisted group therapy comprising 8-10 group therapy visits and one psilocybin administration visit (0·3-0·36 mg/kg po). Primary outcomes were rate and severity of adverse events, and participant recruitment and retention. The primary clinical outcome was change in mean demoralization from baseline to end-of-treatment and to 3-month follow-up assessed with a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02950467). FINDINGS: = 0·47, 90% CI0·21-0·60). INTERPRETATION: We demonstrated the feasibility, relative safety, and potential efficacy of psilocybin-assisted group therapy for demoralization in OLTAS. Groups may be an effective and efficient means of delivering psychotherapy pre- and post-psilocybin to patients with complex medical and psychiatric needs. FUNDING: Carey Turnbull, Heffter Research Institute, NIMH R25 MH060482, NIH UL1 TR001872, River Styx Foundation, Saisei Foundation, Sarlo Foundation, Stupski Foundation, Usona Institute, US Department of Veterans Affairs (Advanced Neurosciences Fellowship and IK2CX001495).", "journal": "EClinicalMedicine", "publication_date": "2020-09-23", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100538", "pubmed_id": "33150319", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100538", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Adverse effect, Depression (economics), Population, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Hallucinogen, Economics, Environmental health, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3087859780\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":271,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1611751502\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969464104\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992604744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010937911\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066061643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080874345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103115327\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136554267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137070227\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166928505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336110886\",\"https://openalex.org/W2350952069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2467323865\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582692487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2597627006\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610614969\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810219060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886232664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906933919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2928737933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942349161\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971371418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2993940948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996870046\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001118513\",\"https://openalex.org/W3085274948\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230469801\",\"https://openalex.org/W4244471518\",\"https://openalex.org/W6680543326\",\"https://openalex.org/W6703176234\",\"https://openalex.org/W6737035451\",\"https://openalex.org/W6739822750\",\"https://openalex.org/W6767636190\",\"https://openalex.org/W6771900266\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009662036\",\"display_name\":\"B. Anderson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-660X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051293419\",\"display_name\":\"Alicia Danforth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-046X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104548030\",\"display_name\":\"Prof Robert Daroff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077197149\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher S. Stauffer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-095X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017016462\",\"display_name\":\"Eve Ekman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-5309\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010900227\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander Trope\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-9110\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026342430\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew Tyler Boden\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7184-2518\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054356516\",\"display_name\":\"James Dilley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-0048\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078452831\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer Mitchell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7567-8129\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101826991\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Woolley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-2093\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2898347799\",\"source_display_name\":\"EClinicalMedicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100538\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Veterans,Safety,Adverse Events,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3087859780" }, { "id": 2219, "title": "Efficacy of Psychoactive Drugs for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review of MDMA, Ketamine, LSD and Psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "efficacy of psychoactive drugs for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder a systematic review of mdma ketamine lsd and psilocybin", "authors": "Varker T, Watson L, Gibson K, Forbes D, O'Donnell ML.", "abstract": "The aim of this systematic review was to examine the efficacy of MDMA, ketamine, LSD, and psilocybin for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A search of four databases for English language, peer-reviewed literature published from inception to 18th October 2019 yielded 2,959 records, 34 of which were screened on full-text. Observational studies and RCTs which tested the efficacy of MDMA, ketamine, LSD, or psilocybin for reducing PTSD symptoms in adults, and reported changes to PTSD diagnosis or symptomatology, were included. Nine trials (five ketamine and four MDMA) met inclusion criteria. Trials were rated on a quality and bias checklist and GRADE was used to rank the evidence. The evidence for ketamine as a stand-alone treatment for comorbid PTSD and depression was ranked \"very low\", and the evidence for ketamine in combination with psychotherapy as a PTSD treatment was ranked \"low\". The evidence for MDMA in combination with psychotherapy as a PTSD treatment was ranked \"moderate\".", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-09-14", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2020.1817639", "pubmed_id": "32931403", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2020.1817639", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Ketamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Psychotropic Drugs, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32931403\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Observational Study", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2246, "title": "Total Recall: Lateral Habenula and Psychedelics in the Study of Depression and Comorbid Brain Disorders.", "normalized_title": "total recall lateral habenula and psychedelics in the study of depression and comorbid brain disorders", "authors": "Vitkauskas M, Mathuru AS.", "abstract": "Depression impacts the lives and daily activities of millions globally. Research into the neurobiology of lateral habenula circuitry and the use of psychedelics for treating depressive states has emerged in the last decade as new directions to devise interventional strategies and therapies. Several clinical trials using deep brain stimulation of the habenula, or using ketamine, and psychedelics that target the serotonergic system such as psilocybin are also underway. The promising early results in these fields require cautious optimism as further evidence from experiments conducted in animal systems in ecologically relevant settings, and a larger number of human studies with improved spatiotemporal neuroimaging, accumulates. Designing optimal methods of intervention will also be aided by an improvement in our understanding of the common genetic and molecular factors underlying disorders comorbid with depression, as well as the characterization of psychedelic-induced changes at a molecular level. Advances in the use of cerebral organoids offers a new approach for rapid progress towards these goals. Here, we review developments in these fast-moving areas of research and discuss potential future directions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-09-06", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3390/ijms21186525", "pubmed_id": "32906643", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186525", "keywords": "Habenula, Humans, Brain Diseases, Hallucinogens, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Comorbidity, Serotonergic Neurons, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32906643\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2247, "title": "Psilocybin as a New Approach to Treat Depression and Anxiety in the Context of Life-Threatening Diseases-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as a new approach to treat depression and anxiety in the context of life threatening diseases a systematic review and meta analysis of clinical trials", "authors": "Vargas AS, Luís Â, Barroso M, Gallardo E, Pereira L.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring tryptamine known for its psychedelic properties. Recent research indicates that psilocybin may constitute a valid approach to treat depression and anxiety associated to life-threatening diseases. The aim of this work was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis of clinical trials to assess the therapeutic effects and safety of psilocybin on those medical conditions. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to measure the effects in depression and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure the effects in anxiety. For BDI, 11 effect sizes were considered (92 patients) and the intervention group was significantly favored (WMD = -4.589; 95% CI = -4.207 to -0.971; p-value = 0.002). For STAI-Trait, 11 effect sizes were considered (92 patients), being the intervention group significantly favored when compared to the control group (WMD = -5.906; 95% CI = -7.852 to -3.960; p-value ˂ 0.001). For STAI-State, 9 effect sizes were considered (41 patients) and the intervention group was significantly favored (WMD = -6.032; 95% CI = -8.900 to -3.164; p-value ˂ 0.001). The obtained results are promising and emphasize the importance of psilocybin translational research in the management of symptoms of depression and anxiety, since the compound may be effective in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in conditions that are either resistant to conventional pharmacotherapy or for which pharmacologic treatment is not yet approved. Moreover, it may be also relevant for first-line treatment, given its safety.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-09-04", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines8090331", "pubmed_id": "32899469", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8090331", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32899469\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2248, "title": "Psilocybin Can Diminish Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin can diminish depression", "authors": "Teresa Kay Jones, Steven Lippmann", "abstract": "", "journal": "The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders", "publication_date": "2020-09-01", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.4088/pcc.19br02580", "pubmed_id": "32898345", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4088/pcc.19br02580", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Economics, Keynesian economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3082563060\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3082563060\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030238068\",\"display_name\":\"Teresa Kay Jones\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018430748\",\"display_name\":\"Steven Lippmann\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210179967\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.4088/pcc.19br02580\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3082563060" }, { "id": 2249, "title": "Psychedelic Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis of Patient Experiences in Qualitative Studies.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic treatments for psychiatric disorders a systematic review and thematic synthesis of patient experiences in qualitative studies", "authors": "Breeksema JJ, Niemeijer AR, Krediet E, Vermetten E, Schoevers RA.", "abstract": "IntroductionInterest in the use of psychedelic substances for the treatment of mental disorders is increasing. Processes that may affect therapeutic change are not yet fully understood. Qualitative research methods are increasingly used to examine patient accounts; however, currently, no systematic review exists that synthesizes these findings in relation to the use of psychedelics for the treatment of mental disorders.ObjectiveTo provide an overview of salient themes in patient experiences of psychedelic treatments for mental disorders, presenting both common and diverging elements in patients' accounts, and elucidating how these affect the treatment process.MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase databases for English-language qualitative literature without time limitations. Inclusion criteria were qualitative research design; peer-reviewed studies; based on verbalized patient utterances; and a level of abstraction or analysis of the results. Thematic synthesis was used to analyze and synthesize results across studies. A critical appraisal of study quality and methodological rigor was conducted using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP).ResultsFifteen research articles, comprising 178 patient experiences, were included. Studies exhibited a broad heterogeneity in terms of substance, mental disorder, treatment context, and qualitative methodology. Substances included psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ibogaine, ayahuasca, ketamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Disorders included anxiety, depression, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders. While the included compounds were heterogeneous in pharmacology and treatment contexts, patients reported largely comparable experiences across disorders, which included phenomenological analogous effects, perspectives on the intervention, therapeutic processes and treatment outcomes. Comparable therapeutic processes included insights, altered self-perception, increased connectedness, transcendental experiences, and an expanded emotional spectrum, which patients reported contributed to clinically and personally relevant responses.ConclusionsThis review demonstrates how qualitative research of psychedelic treatments can contribute to distinguishing specific features of specific substances, and carry otherwise undiscovered implications for the treatment of specific psychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-08-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1007/s40263-020-00748-y", "pubmed_id": "32803732", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-020-00748-y", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Patient Outcome Assessment", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32803732\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2256, "title": "Phytochemical, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Psilocybe Natalensis Magic Mushroom", "normalized_title": "phytochemical cytotoxicity antioxidant and anti inflammatory effects of psilocybe natalensis magic mushroom", "authors": "Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng, Alice Nabatanzi, Christiaan M.L. Steinmann, J.N. Eloff", "abstract": "Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms, have been used since ancient and recent times for depression and to improve quality of life. However, their anti-inflammatory properties are not known. The study aims at investing cytotoxicity; antioxidant; and, for the first time, anti-inflammatory effects of Psilocybe natalensis, a psilocybin-containing mushroom that grows in South Africa, on lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Macrophage cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and treated with different concentrations of Psilocybe natalensis mushroom extracted with boiling hot water, cold water and ethanol over 24 h. Quercetin and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester were used as positive controls. Effects of extracts on the lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and cytokine activities were investigated. Phytochemical analysis, and the antioxidant and cytotoxicity of extracts, were determined. Results showed that the three extracts inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and interleukin 1β cytokine production significantly in a dose-dependent manner close to that of the positive controls. A study proposed that ethanol and water extracts of Psilocybe natalensis mushroom were safe at concentrations used, and have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds in the mushroom extracts.", "journal": "Plants", "publication_date": "2020-08-30", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3390/plants9091127", "pubmed_id": "32878164", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091127", "keywords": "Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Lipopolysaccharide, Mushroom, Nitric oxide, Cytotoxicity, Traditional medicine, Chemistry, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Biology, Food science, Medicine, In vitro, Immunology, Organic chemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Fungal Biology and Applications, Herbal Medicine Research Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3081977832\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3081977832\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":65,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1513495951\",\"https://openalex.org/W1824590004\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967791220\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973344119\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992144053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002834190\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008039800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012991711\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023170094\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068914072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075658183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086605103\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114918609\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126751198\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141029649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155019380\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164120497\",\"https://openalex.org/W2540164516\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581671854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2584234181\",\"https://openalex.org/W2620630426\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884222818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886666902\",\"https://openalex.org/W2939874894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2953726807\",\"https://openalex.org/W2977787434\",\"https://openalex.org/W3003678197\",\"https://openalex.org/W3013998701\",\"https://openalex.org/W3032092952\",\"https://openalex.org/W3041839682\",\"https://openalex.org/W6683137982\",\"https://openalex.org/W6739205646\",\"https://openalex.org/W6772954261\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007223200\",\"display_name\":\"Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5647-7156\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062015770\",\"display_name\":\"Alice Nabatanzi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5675-9345\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113698949\",\"display_name\":\"Christiaan M.L. Steinmann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086386072\",\"display_name\":\"J.N. Eloff\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-9842\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210230202\",\"source_display_name\":\"Plants\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091127\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,In Vitro Study,Toxicity,Inflammation", "study_type": "In Vitro Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3081977832" }, { "id": 2257, "title": "The therapeutic potential of microdosing psychedelics in depression.", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of microdosing psychedelics in depression", "authors": "Kuypers KPC.", "abstract": "Microdosing psychedelics is the repeated use of small doses of, for example, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin, typically for a few weeks. Despite the popular and scientific attention in recent years, and claims by users that it has therapeutic value in affective disorders like depression, little scientific knowledge is available to back this. The purpose of this review was to investigate whether there are scientific grounds to state that this practice could be helpful in the treatment of affective disorders, and safe to use repeatedly. To that end, the literature (PubMed, MedLine) was searched, looking for (controlled) experimental studies with low doses of LSD and/or psilocybin, in healthy volunteers and patient samples. After a selection process and the addition of relevant articles, 14 experimental studies entered this review. Findings show that both LSD (10-20 mcg) and psilocybin (", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-08-26", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1177/2045125320950567", "pubmed_id": "32922736", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125320950567", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32922736\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Microdosing,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2229, "title": "P300-mediated modulations in self-other processing under psychedelic psilocybin are related to connectedness and changed meaning: A window into the self-other overlap", "normalized_title": "p300 mediated modulations in self other processing under psychedelic psilocybin are related to connectedness and changed meaning a window into the self other overlap", "authors": "Lukasz Smigielski, Michael Kometer, Milan Scheidegger, Cornelia Stress, Katrin H. Preller, Thomas Koenig, Franz X. Vollenweider", "abstract": "The concept of self and self-referential processing has a growing explanatory value in psychiatry and neuroscience, referring to the cognitive organization and perceptual differentiation of self-stimuli in health and disease. Conditions in which selfhood loses its natural coherence offer a unique opportunity for elucidating the mechanisms underlying self-disturbances. We assessed the psychoactive effects of psilocybin (230 μg/kg p.o.), a preferential 5-HT1A/2A agonist known to induce shifts in self-perception. Our placebo-controlled, double-blind, within-subject crossover experiment (n = 17) implemented a verbal self-monitoring task involving vocalizations and participant identification of real-time auditory source- (self/other) and pitch-modulating feedback. Subjective experience and task performance were analyzed, with time-point-by-time-point assumption-free multivariate randomization statistics applied to the spatiotemporal dynamics of event-related potentials. Psilocybin-modulated self-experience, interacted with source to affect task accuracy, and altered the late phase of self-stimuli encoding by abolishing the distinctiveness of self- and other-related electric field configurations during the P300 timeframe. This last effect was driven by current source density changes within the supragenual anterior cingulate and right insular cortex. The extent of the P300 effect was associated with the intensity of psilocybin-induced feelings of unity and changed meaning of percepts. Modulations of late encoding and their underlying neural generators in self-referential processing networks via 5-HT signaling may be key for understanding self-disorders. This mechanism may reflect a neural instantiation of altered self-other and relational meaning processing in a stimulus-locked time domain. The study elucidates the neuropharmacological foundation of subjectivity, with implications for therapy, underscoring the concept of connectedness.", "journal": "Human Brain Mapping", "publication_date": "2020-08-20", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1002/hbm.25174", "pubmed_id": "32820851", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25174", "keywords": "Psychology, Psilocybin, Anterior cingulate cortex, Cognition, Cognitive psychology, Neuroscience, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Perception, Insula, Optimal distinctiveness theory, Stimulus (psychology), Anhedonia, Hallucinogen, Social psychology, Dopamine, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3080679302\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3080679302\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":42,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W245658\",\"https://openalex.org/W65160238\",\"https://openalex.org/W1037524820\",\"https://openalex.org/W1494456132\",\"https://openalex.org/W1499839459\",\"https://openalex.org/W1588158447\",\"https://openalex.org/W1761017443\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963776128\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964504848\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965008419\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965775616\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966282919\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966383231\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976734810\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976991293\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979612257\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982146734\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992806775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008299010\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009794136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010664845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015390545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021926028\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021945797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025132602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032164922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038593489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042593075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043696469\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045979883\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046886788\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047427656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048585421\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049107249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052320744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068176359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080140462\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081817157\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083494567\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088992917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091987383\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101734977\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104465908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106360908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108015793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108585495\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110040374\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112596612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115230300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116146623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126233790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127263830\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130721922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130912823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136202179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138856282\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150850591\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152100784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158327608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158715728\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159675987\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159816778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165708796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169955335\",\"https://openalex.org/W2237631194\",\"https://openalex.org/W2284048615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2305533550\",\"https://openalex.org/W2332658607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346816744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398084944\",\"https://openalex.org/W2501970031\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528600150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2546653767\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561419573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582692487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2593422637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605965249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2726898022\",\"https://openalex.org/W2733167715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2763996094\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781625743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2782190599\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790184875\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790381919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803054305\",\"https://openalex.org/W2831064708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888234306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950975450\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981695213\",\"https://openalex.org/W2994058197\",\"https://openalex.org/W3001676292\",\"https://openalex.org/W3080679302\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082806271\",\"display_name\":\"Lukasz Smigielski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7428-7644\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021802006\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Kometer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050503083\",\"display_name\":\"Milan Scheidegger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-2208\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066258321\",\"display_name\":\"Cornelia Stress\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5066778919\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Koenig\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-4638\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S121666818\",\"source_display_name\":\"Human Brain Mapping\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25174\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3080679302" }, { "id": 3839, "title": "Oregon's Pioneering Effort to Enact State Law to Allow Access to Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "oregon s pioneering effort to enact state law to allow access to psilocybin", "authors": "James D. Tucker", "abstract": "Use of psilocybin reduces anxiety and depression when used as palliative care in cancer cases. Oregon is poised to legalize this drug for therapeutic use, a revolutionary step forward in the legalization process that will increase the care options for patients.", "journal": "SSRN Electronic Journal", "publication_date": "2020-08-13", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID3783484_code4550530.pdf?abstractid=3783484&mirid=1", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Legalization, Anxiety, State (computer science), Palliative care, Depression (economics), Law, Political science, Psychiatry, Psychology, Medicine, Nursing, Hallucinogen, Economics, Computer science, Keynesian economics, Algorithm, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3157248359\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3157248359\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003944171\",\"display_name\":\"James D. Tucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-2169\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210172589\",\"source_display_name\":\"SSRN Electronic Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID3783484_code4550530.pdf?abstractid=3783484&mirid=1\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Spirituality", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3157248359" }, { "id": 3778, "title": "The Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression (using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a Therapeutic Frame)", "normalized_title": "the yale manual for psilocybin assisted therapy of depression using acceptance and commitment therapy as a therapeutic frame", "authors": "Guss J, Krause R, Sloshower J.", "abstract": "The Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression provides researchers and therapists with methods, structure, and areas to consider regarding the use of psychedelic- assisted therapy in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). In particular, this manual illustrates a mode of utilizing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) as a therapeutic framework for psilocybin-assisted therapy of depression.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2020-08-12", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/u6v9y", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/u6v9y", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:10:21", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR326119\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3276, "title": "The Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression (using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a Therapeutic Frame)", "normalized_title": "the yale manual for psilocybin assisted therapy of depression using acceptance and commitment therapy as a therapeutic frame", "authors": "", "abstract": "The Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression provides researchers and therapists with methods, structure, and areas to consider regarding the use of psychedelic- assisted therapy in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). In particular, this manual illustrates a mode of utilizing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) as a therapeutic framework for psilocybin-assisted therapy of depression.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2020-08-12", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/u6v9y_v1", "keywords": "Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, depression, Major Depressive Disorder, psilocybin, psychedelic, psychotherapy, Psychiatry, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Depressive Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"u6v9y_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3404, "title": "A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy", "normalized_title": "a meta analysis of placebo controlled trials of psychedelic assisted therapy", "authors": "Luoma JB.", "abstract": "After a two-decade hiatus in which research on psychedelics was essentially halted, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy for mental health conditions have begun to be published. We identified nine randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy published since 1994. Studies examined psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), ayahuasca (which contains a combination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala monoamine oxidase inhibitor alkaloids), and MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). We compared the standardized mean difference between the experimental and placebo control group at the primary endpoint. Results indicated a significant mean between-groups effect size of 1.21 (Hedges g), which is larger than the typical effect size found in trials of psychopharmacological or psychotherapy interventions. For the three studies that maintained a placebo control through a follow-up assessment, effects were generally maintained at follow-up. Overall, analyses support the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapy across four mental health conditions-post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety/depression associated with a life-threatening illness, unipolar depression, and social anxiety among autistic adults. While study quality was high, we identify several areas for improvement regarding the conduct and reporting of trials. Larger trials with more diverse samples are needed to examine possible moderators and mediators of effects, and to establish whether effects are maintained over time.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2020-06-11", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/sgujx", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/sgujx", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR326377\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Meta-Analysis", "study_type": "Meta-Analysis", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2233, "title": "Me, myself, bye: regional alterations in glutamate and the experience of ego dissolution with psilocybin", "normalized_title": "me myself bye regional alterations in glutamate and the experience of ego dissolution with psilocybin", "authors": "Natasha L. Mason, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Felix Müller, Johannes T. Reckweg, Desmond H. Y. Tse, Stefan W. Toennes, Nadia R. P. W. Hutten, Jacobus F.A. Jansen, Peter Stiers, Amanda Feilding, Johannes G. Ramaekers", "abstract": "There is growing interest in the therapeutic utility of psychedelic substances, like psilocybin, for disorders characterized by distortions of the self-experience, like depression. Accumulating preclinical evidence emphasizes the role of the glutamate system in the acute action of the drug on brain and behavior; however this has never been tested in humans. Following a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group design, we utilized an ultra-high field multimodal brain imaging approach and demonstrated that psilocybin (0.17 mg/kg) induced region-dependent alterations in glutamate, which predicted distortions in the subjective experience of one's self (ego dissolution). Whereas higher levels of medial prefrontal cortical glutamate were associated with negatively experienced ego dissolution, lower levels in hippocampal glutamate were associated with positively experienced ego dissolution. Such findings provide further insights into the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of the psychedelic, as well as the baseline, state. Importantly, they may also provide a neurochemical basis for therapeutic effects as witnessed in ongoing clinical trials.", "journal": "Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-05-22", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1038/s41386-020-0718-8", "pubmed_id": "32446245", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-0718-8", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Neurochemical, Glutamate receptor, Psychology, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Hippocampal formation, Psychiatry, Medicine, Internal medicine, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3027590463\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":261,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W159676469\",\"https://openalex.org/W1926198785\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967075670\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967724103\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970076964\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973741448\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983183519\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985327120\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985920331\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990926259\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002081170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007011615\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008659680\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014643576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015011531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019803062\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024232708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039200237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043768758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047862976\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061871785\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062088700\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074000411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074270863\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074483296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079106221\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079450984\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084892943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085598752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086861479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087317982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102963347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103583518\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104150998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105916826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107557962\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111990860\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113525305\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120918936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122335802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131761257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133462240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134539998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137981069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143648030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152160545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162010696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163830705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166045982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170915041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171112603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2280429408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2377185146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2592111319\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2765493481\",\"https://openalex.org/W2768851887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792211781\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885455509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2888688605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2892061340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2902820651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907315963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2926998013\",\"https://openalex.org/W2938570586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945514479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949283084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W3008758753\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4239785504\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041055116\",\"display_name\":\"Natasha L. Mason\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-0389\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024651565\",\"display_name\":\"Kim P. C. Kuypers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-3809\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061374713\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Müller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-6610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062559490\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes T. Reckweg\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-6334\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062957500\",\"display_name\":\"Desmond H. Y. Tse\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-7707\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090253811\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan W. Toennes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-3201\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064339250\",\"display_name\":\"Nadia R. P. W. Hutten\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0033-8119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022027850\",\"display_name\":\"Jacobus F.A. Jansen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5271-8060\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083673110\",\"display_name\":\"Peter Stiers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-1474\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071332026\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Feilding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024899439\",\"display_name\":\"Johannes G. Ramaekers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4553-376X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S175030738\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-0718-8\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3027590463" }, { "id": 2243, "title": "Psilocybin: from ancient magic to modern medicine.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin from ancient magic to modern medicine", "authors": "Nichols DE.", "abstract": "Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is an indole-based secondary metabolite produced by numerous species of mushrooms. South American Aztec Indians referred to them as teonanacatl, meaning \"god's flesh,\" and they were used in religious and healing rituals. Spanish missionaries in the 1500s attempted to destroy all records and evidence of the use of these mushrooms. Nevertheless, a 16th century Spanish Franciscan friar and historian mentioned teonanacatl in his extensive writings, intriguing 20th century ethnopharmacologists and leading to a decades-long search for the identity of teonanacatl. Their search ultimately led to a 1957 photo-essay in a popular magazine, describing for the Western world the use of these mushrooms. Specimens were ultimately obtained, and their active principle identified and chemically synthesized. In the past 10-15 years several FDA-approved clinical studies have indicated potential medical value for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in treating depression, anxiety, and certain addictions. At present, assuming that the early clinical studies can be validated by larger studies, psilocybin is poised to make a significant impact on treatments available to psychiatric medicine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-05-11", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1038/s41429-020-0311-8", "pubmed_id": "32398764", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-020-0311-8", "keywords": "Humans, Agaricales, Hallucinogens, History, 15th Century, History, 20th Century, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32398764\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3854, "title": "Binding Interactions of Psilocin and Serotonin in the 5-HT2A Receptor", "normalized_title": "binding interactions of psilocin and serotonin in the 5 ht2a receptor", "authors": "Katie R. Barnes, Stephanie N. Lewis", "abstract": "Psilocin is a molecule found in psilocybin mushrooms, which are typically consumed recreationally for their hallucinogenic effects. Recently, studies have shown that psilocin can have almost immediate antidepressant effects in patients who are treatment-resistant to medications that increase serotonin levels in the synapse. Researchers believe that the molecule works by suppressing activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala, which are both brain structures involved in the emotional aspect of depression. However, psilocin’s exact mechanism of action and binding characteristics in the body remain unknown. Using Chimera for visualization and AutoDock Tools and AutoDock Vina for docking, psilocin and serotonin were separately docked in a crystallized 5-HT2A receptor. Key residues were identified using existing information in the RCSB database. Once the ligands were docked, the lengths of the potential bonds between atoms of the ligands and the key residues within the receptor were measured to determine if they were close enough to each other to interact. Serotonin had multiple possible hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions; however, psilocin only had one potential hydrophobic interaction. The main structural difference between psilocin and serotonin is the presence of the phosphate group in psilocin; therefore, studies of phosphate’s binding properties within the 5-HT2A receptor could potentially provide insight on the efficacy of psilocin.", "journal": "VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)", "publication_date": "2020-05-04", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99299", "keywords": "Artifact (error), World Wide Web, Serotonin, Studio, Psychology, Computer science, Neuroscience, Chemistry, Receptor, Biochemistry, Telecommunications, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3048778283\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3048778283\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":10,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5032575639\",\"display_name\":\"Katie R. Barnes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003228283\",\"display_name\":\"Stephanie N. Lewis\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8724-2069\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400248\",\"source_display_name\":\"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99299\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3048778283" }, { "id": 2279, "title": "Perceived outcomes of psychedelic microdosing as self-managed therapies for mental and substance use disorders.", "normalized_title": "perceived outcomes of psychedelic microdosing as self managed therapies for mental and substance use disorders", "authors": "Lea T, Amada N, Jungaberle H, Schecke H, Scherbaum N, Klein M", "abstract": "The regular consumption of very small doses of psychedelic drugs (known as microdosing) has been a source of growing media and community attention in recent years. However, there is currently limited clinical and social research evidence on the potential role of microdosing as therapies for mental and substance use disorders. This paper examined subjective experiences of microdosing psychedelics to improve mental health or to cease or reduce substance use, and examined sociodemographic and other covariates of perceived improvements in mental health that individuals attributed to microdosing. An international online survey was conducted in 2018 and examined people's experiences of using psychedelics for self-reported therapeutic or enhancement purposes. This paper focuses on 1102 respondents who reported current or past experience of psychedelic microdosing. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported primarily microdosing as a therapy for depression, 7% for anxiety, 9% for other mental disorders and 2% for substance use cessation or reduction. Forty-four percent of respondents perceived that their mental health was \"much better\" as a consequence of microdosing. In a multivariate analysis, perceived improvements in mental health from microdosing were associated with a range of variables including gender, education, microdosing duration and motivations, and recent use of larger psychedelic doses. Given the promising findings of clinical trials of standard psychedelic doses as mental health therapies, clinical microdosing research is needed to determine its potential role in psychiatric treatment, and ongoing social research to better understand the use of microdosing as self-managed mental health and substance use therapies.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-04-30", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-020-05477-0", "pubmed_id": "32043165", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32043165/", "keywords": "Alcohol, Drugs, LSD, Mental health, Microdose, Psilocybin, Self-treatment", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"32043165\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3451, "title": "Pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin in Normal Adult Volunteers", "normalized_title": "pharmacokinetics of psilocybin in normal adult volunteers", "authors": "University of Wisconsin, Madison", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound produced by more than 200 species of mushrooms, collectively known as psilocybin mushrooms. Psilocybin (4-phosphoroyloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is a hallucinogenic tryptamine that was first isolated from Psilocybe mushrooms in 1957. The objective of this Phase I clinical trial is to determine the pharmacokinetics of oral doses of psilocybin in normal, healthy adults. The study is performed in support of Phase II and Phase III studies of psilocybin for the treatment of refractory anxiety associated with incurable cancer, as well as other possible indications. Psilocybin is at present not an FDA-approved drug. The primary objective of this clinical trial is to determine the pharmacokinetics of an extemporaneous oral formulation of psilocybin in normal, healthy adults. This study is intended to add to the existing body of modern clinical research on psilocybin to support future multi-institutional Phase III clinical trials seeking to decrease anxiety and depression in patients with incurable cancer. The long-term goal of this research is to submit a successful new drug application for psilocybin to the FDA. Subjects will initially take one 0.3 mg/kg (approximately 20mg/70kg) oral dose of psilocybin to initiate an eight hour chaperoned outpatient experience. After eight hours of outpatient sampling, the subject will be transported across the street to the UW Institute for Clinical and Translational Research Clinical Research Unit (ICTR CRU) for an overnight stay and additional blood and urine sampling. Pre- and post-treatment psychologic preparation and debriefing interviews will be required. A minimum of four weeks after the first dose, the subject will receive a second oral dose of psilocybin at the higher dose of 0.45 mg/kg (approximately 30 mg/70 kg). This dosing will again take place in an attended, structured setting with timed blood and urine samples obtained both in the School of Pharmacy (0-8 hours) and in the UW Clinical Research Unit (8-24 hours). A minimum of four weeks after the second dose, the subject will receive a third oral dose of psilocybin at the highest dose of 0.6 mg/kg (approximately 40 mg/70 kg). This dose will again take place in an attended, structured setting with timed blood and urine samples obtained both in the School of Pharmacy (0-8 hours) and in the UW Clinical Research Unit (8-24 hours). 12-lead ECGs will be obtained at specified time points before and during each treatment period. Throughout the duration of drug action for each dose participants will be attended by two trained monitors, and a physician will available during the entire 24 hour treatment and sampling period. Subjects who have been administered the first dose but decline to receive any subsequent doses will remain evaluable. At that time their active study participation will end.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2020-04-14", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02163707", "keywords": "Healthy, Psilocybin, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:27", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT02163707\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE1\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2036, "title": "Exposure-Response Analysis to Assess the Concentration-QTc Relationship of Psilocybin/Psilocin", "normalized_title": "exposure response analysis to assess the concentration qtc relationship of psilocybin psilocin", "authors": "Elyes Dahmane, Paul R. Hutson, Jogarao Gobburu", "abstract": "Psilocybin is being developed for treating major depressive disorder. Psilocybin is readily dephosphorylated to psilocin upon absorption. The potential for psilocin proarrhythmic effect was assessed using a concentration-QTc interval (C-QTc) analysis from an open-label single ascending dose study of psilocybin. Psilocybin doses ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 mg/kg. This trial showed a significant but shallow C-QTc relationship. At the clinical dose of 25 mg, the mean psilocin maximum concentration is 18.7 ng/mL, and the associated mean (upper 90% confidence interval of mean) QTcF change is 2.1 (6.6) milliseconds. Given the short half-life of psilocin of about 4 hours, there would be no accumulation after monthly oral doses used in clinical trials. The upper limit of the 90% confidence interval of the model-predicted mean ΔQTcF crossed 10 milliseconds at a psilocin concentration of 31.1 ng/mL. At a supraclinical psilocin maximum concentration of about 60 ng/mL, ΔQTcF remains low, with a mean (upper limit of the 90% confidence interval) of 9.1 (17.9) milliseconds. This analysis enabled the characterization of the C-QTc relationship and prediction of QTc prolongation at the expected clinical and possible higher psilocybin doses.", "journal": "Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development", "publication_date": "2020-04-05", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1002/cpdd.796", "pubmed_id": "32250059", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cpdd.796", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, QT interval, Traditional medicine, Anesthesia, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:52:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3014341075\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":16,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"title:psilocin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":43,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1978647133\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093658818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096104621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2499216663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2572835720\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2771291368\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682579402\",\"https://openalex.org/W6739316299\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048167745\",\"display_name\":\"Elyes Dahmane\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8548-5155\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088507656\",\"display_name\":\"Paul R. Hutson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-7096\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083885025\",\"display_name\":\"Jogarao Gobburu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8348-4295\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764863641\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpdd.796\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3014341075" }, { "id": 3859, "title": "One Dose of Psilocybin in Late Adolescence Mitigates Deleterious Effects of Developmental Stress on Cognition and Behavioral Despair in Adult Female Rats", "normalized_title": "one dose of psilocybin in late adolescence mitigates deleterious effects of developmental stress on cognition and behavioral despair in adult female rats", "authors": "Meghan Hibicke, Charles D. Nichols", "abstract": "Introduction Psilocybin (PSI) has persistent antidepressant efficacy in human trials. We have shown one dose of PSI to significantly decrease depressive-like behavior in male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats for at least five weeks without losing efficacy. However, the outcome assay we used to evaluate depressive-like behavior, the forced swim test (FST), has been criticized for not providing circuit-specific endpoint data. Further, rodent strains like WKY selectively bred for face validity in modeling depression have lower translational value than chronic/developmental stress models. Pattern separation is a function of the dentate gyrus (DG) and CA3 region of the hippocampus. Pattern separation deficits are measurable in a number of psychological and neurological disorders where the DG-CA3 circuit is impaired, including major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and age-related dementias. The object pattern separation (OPS) task is a new paradigm to measure DG-CA3 function in rodents, proposed as a cognitive-based outcome measure for depression-like phenotypes, but so far only used in healthy male animals. Whether OPS performance correlates with established measures of behavioral despair, or can be normalized by human pharmacotherapies, is unknown. Objectives Evaluate long-term antidepressant-like effects of PSI in the stress-based adolescent chronic restraint stress (aCRS) model for depression, establish face and predictive validity of the OPS task, and determine whether OPS correlates with FST immobility in aCRS rats. Methods Adolescent female Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to groups: not restrained-saline (NRS), not restrained-PSI (NRP), restrained-saline (RS), and restrained-PSI (RP). RS and RP rats were restrained 1 hr/day post-natal days (PND) 32-45. Rats received IP PSI (1 mg/kg) or saline PND52. The OPS task was performed nightly PND82 (0 cm) - 86 (24 cm) in a 66 cm diameter arena containing two identical objects, one of which was moved from 0 cm to 6, 12, 18, and 24 cm from 0 following an hour intertrial interval. FST was performed PND89-90. Results Significant discrimination in the OPS at 24 cm was observed in NRS ( p", "journal": "The FASEB Journal", "publication_date": "2020-03-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02912", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02912", "keywords": "Antidepressant, Behavioural despair test, Psychology, Dentate gyrus, Cognition, Hippocampus, Chronic stress, Neuroscience, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Medicine, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Memory and Neural Mechanisms", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3016993897\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3016993897\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":9,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008298741\",\"display_name\":\"Meghan Hibicke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9394-9789\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062966169\",\"display_name\":\"Charles D. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-0646\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S25293849\",\"source_display_name\":\"The FASEB Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02912\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Adolescents", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3016993897" }, { "id": 2288, "title": "Depression, Mindfulness, and Psilocybin: Possible Complementary Effects of Mindfulness Meditation and Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depression. A Review.", "normalized_title": "depression mindfulness and psilocybin possible complementary effects of mindfulness meditation and psilocybin in the treatment of depression a review", "authors": "Heuschkel K, Kuypers KPC.", "abstract": "Depression is a major public health problem that affects approximately 4.4% of the global population. Since conventional pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies are only partially effective, as demonstrated by the number of patients failing to achieve remission, alternative treatments are needed. Mindfulness meditation (MM) and psilocybin represent two promising novel treatments that might even have complementary therapeutic effects when combined. Since the current literature is limited to theoretical and empirical underpinnings of either treatment alone, the present review aimed to identify possible complementary effects that may be relevant to the treatment of depression. To that end, the individual effects of MM and psilocybin, and their underlying working mechanisms, were compared on a non-exhaustive selection of six prominent psychological and biological processes that are well known to show impairments in patients suffering from major depression disorder, that is mood, executive functioning, social skills, neuroplasticity, core neural networks, and neuroendocrine and neuroimmunological levels. Based on predefined search strings used in two online databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) 1129 articles were identified. After screening title and abstract for relevance related to the question, 82 articles were retained and 11 were added after reference list search, resulting in 93 articles included in the review. Findings show that MM and psilocybin exert similar effects on mood, social skills, and neuroplasticity; different effects were found on executive functioning, neural core networks, and neuroendocrine and neuroimmune system markers. Potential mechanisms of MM's effects are enhanced affective self-regulation through mental strategies, optimization of stress reactivity, and structural and functional adjustments of prefrontal and limbic areas; psilocybin's effects might be established via attenuation of cognitive associations through deep personal insights, cognitive disinhibition, and global neural network disintegration. It is suggested that, when used in combination, MM and psilocybin could exert complementary effects by potentiating or prolonging mutual positive effects, for example, MM potentially facilitating psilocybin-induced peak experiences. Future placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trials focusing on psilocybin-assisted mindfulness-based therapy will provide knowledge about whether the proposed combination of therapies maximizes their efficacy in the treatment of depression or depressive symptomatology.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-03-30", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00224", "pubmed_id": "32296353", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00224", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32296353\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Review Article,Immune Function", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3861, "title": "Long-Term Analysis of Psilocybin in Cancer Patients With Distress", "normalized_title": "long term analysis of psilocybin in cancer patients with distress", "authors": "Richard Simoneaux", "abstract": "cancer patient: cancer patientWith the technological advances that have been made in diagnostics for cancer, more disease is being detected at an earlier stage. Although this generally improves the patient's chances for survival, a diagnosis of cancer can often provoke significant psychological distress in patients. A significant number of cancer patients will ultimately be affected by conditions such as anxiety and depressive disorders. These cancer patients often exhibit existential distress, the term often applied to the mental stress observed in patients who are facing end-of-life issues. This condition is often associated with hopelessness, demoralization, loss of purpose or meaning, and a loss of dignity, which often leads to patient isolation. All too often, medical care providers are focused only on treating their patient's malignancy, instead of treating the whole patient. Consequently, the clinically significant depression and anxiety which often accompany a cancer diagnosis are frequently neglected or inadequately addressed. This often results in negative patient outcomes such as: increased desire for death and rates of suicidality, lower survival rates, diminished quality of life and therapy adherence. The use of psychotropic substances to treat patients with cancer-related distress has become somewhat commonplace despite the relative scarcity of data supporting the efficacy of such therapies in this patient population. As a result, studies have begun to explore the use of less traditional therapies, including the use of psilocybin, a naturally occurring tryptamine analog which is the active component of psychedelic mushrooms. One recent placebo controlled, randomized, blinded, crossover clinical study (NCT00957359) evaluated the use of a single dosing session of psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) versus a single dosing session of the active control niacin (250 mg) in conjunction with psychotherapy as a treatment for clinically significant anxiety or depression in patients diagnosed with life-threatening cancer (J Psychopharmacol 2016; 30: 1165-1180). The principal investigator on this study was Stephen Ross, MD, Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at New York University School of Medicine. In a recent publication, Ross and colleagues presented an analysis of the long-term follow-up for 15 of the 16 surviving patients included in their 2016 clinical study (J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34: 155-166). “The findings of this long-term follow-up study give the first suggestion of persistent and long-term effects for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in patients with cancer-related distress,” he noted. Study Details In the 2016 crossover study, a total of 29 patients were randomized to one of two dosing regimens: psilocybin (3 mg/kg) followed by niacin (250 mg) or niacin (250 mg) followed by psilocybin (3 mg/kg). Patient randomization was not stratified according to any particular demographic (e.g., race, gender, or religious or spiritual affiliation) or clinical characteristic (e.g., cancer disease stage or prior hallucinogen use). The treatment regimen was as follows: baseline assessments, followed by administration of dose 1 (psilocybin or control) 2-4 weeks (a mean of 18 days) later; crossover occurred 7 weeks (a mean of 52 days) after dose 1; at that point dose 2 (psilocybin or control) was administered. Assessments were performed at the following time points: baseline (2-4 weeks before dose 1), 1 day before dose 1, the day of dose 1 (at 7 hours post-dose), 1 day after dose 1, 2 weeks after dose 1, 6 weeks after dose 1, 7 weeks after dose 1 (1 day before dose 2), the day of dose 2 (7 hours post-dose), 1 day after dose 2, 6 weeks after dose 2, and 26 weeks after dose 2. The total length of the study was roughly 9 months. Prior to taking dose 1 of the investigational compound, the patients received 3 2-hour counseling sessions over a period of 2 to 4 weeks. If sufficient rapport had not been reached between the researcher and the patient, that patient was removed from the study. During dosing, the researcher remained with the patient until both agreed that the patient was no longer impaired by the investigational compound. In the first 6 weeks following dose 1 and dose 2, the patients had a minimum of 3 2-hour counseling sessions with Ross to integrate their psychedelic experiences. In the 6 months following dose 2, patients had a minimum of monthly meetings either via telephone or in-person with the researcher. The primary study outcomes were anxiety and depression, which were assessed prior to the crossover occurred. The secondary study outcomes, which were measured both before and after the crossover, included assessments of the following: existential distress, quality of life, and spirituality, and surrogates for the immediate and prolonged effects of psilocybin dosing (e.g., subjective or mystical experiences, cognition, affect, spirituality, and behavior). “Prior to the crossover portion of the study,” Ross noted, “psilocybin elicited an immediate, substantial, and prolonged improvements in anxiety and depression, which led to decreases in cancer-related demoralization and hopelessness, improved spiritual well-being, and in general, increased quality of life. “At the six-and-a-half month follow-up, psilocybin was associated with durable anxiolytic and anti-depressant effects, with nearly 60-80 percent of the patients continuing with clinically significant reductions in anxiety and/or depression, sustained benefits in existential distress, quality of life, and improved attitudes towards death and end of life,” he added. “The psilocybin-induced mystical experience appeared to have an association with the magnitude of the therapeutic effect of psilocybin on anxiety and depression, although further studies will need to be performed to sort out these relationships.” Long-Term Follow-Up Analysis The participants in the long-term follow-up study had previously completed treatment in the parent study (NCT00957359). “Of the original 29 participants, we contacted the 16 surviving participants at the time of long-term follow-up,” Ross explained. While all 16 surviving participants agreed to be contacted about future research opportunities, only 15 agreed to participate in the long-term follow-up study and completed measures via a secure online portal. In the interim between completion of the first long-term follow-up (which included 15 participants) and completion of the second long-term follow-up, one participant died as a result of cancer-related complications, thus leaving 14 patients for the second long-term follow-up. The first long-term follow-up occurred at an average of 3.2 years (range: 2.3-4.5 years), while the second long-term follow-up occurred on average of 4.5 years (range: 3.5-5.5 years) following the patients' psilocybin dosing date, respectively. Discussion In noting the positive results obtained for their follow-up analyses, Ross stated, “Psilocybin appears to work rather rapidly to reduce depression and anxiety in these patients with cancer that are facing end-of-life issues. In addition, these positive effects are noted when the patients are taking only one or two doses of psilocybin, which means that there is the potential for fewer dosing-related toxicities associated with its administration. Importantly, there are no medications that are currently approved for the treatment of patients exhibiting existential distress. “Patients often described their dosing experience as ‘epiphanous’ or ‘transformative,’ while approximately three-fourths of the participants felt that their psychedelic experience was the most spiritual experience of their life,” he explained. When asked about some of the more surprising results obtained in their study, Ross replied, “What is amazing about these results is that patients will take only 1 or 2 doses of psilocybin and have durable responses to their existential distress, often lasting many years.” On potential limitations of their study, Ross noted, “One major limitation to this study was that this was a cross-over study and not a parallel study. Another clear limitation, was the relatively small number of patients included in the study. “Clearly we are hoping that a loosening of the restrictions imposed on psilocybin occurs, as that would make it considerably easier to perform larger studies with this potentially important drug,” he added. When queried about next steps for exploring psilocybin use in cancer patients, Ross stated, “We would like to perform larger studies to assess the efficacy of this potentially transformative therapy; I have written proposals for performing one such study with up to as many as 150 patients. It would be very important for us to replicate the very positive results obtained in the earlier study that included much fewer patients.” Richard Simoneaux is a contributing writer.", "journal": "Oncology Times", "publication_date": "2020-03-25", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1097/01.cot.0000660232.19098.7f", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000660232.19098.7f", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Term (time), Distress, Cancer, Medicine, Intensive care medicine, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3013419105\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3013419105\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070426634\",\"display_name\":\"Richard Simoneaux\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3505-057X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210170078\",\"source_display_name\":\"Oncology Times\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000660232.19098.7f\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3013419105" }, { "id": 2271, "title": "Long-term effects of psychedelic drugs: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "long term effects of psychedelic drugs a systematic review", "authors": "Aday JS, Mitzkovitz CM, Bloesch EK, Davoli CC, Davis AK.", "abstract": "Research into the basic effects and therapeutic applications of psychedelic drugs has grown considerably in recent years. Yet, pressing questions remain regarding the substances' lasting effects. Although individual studies have begun monitoring sustained changes, no study to-date has synthesized this information. Therefore, this systematic review aims to fill this important gap in the literature by synthesizing results from 34 contemporary experimental studies which included classic psychedelics, human subjects, and follow-up latencies of at least two weeks. The bulk of this work was published in the last five years, with psilocybin being the most frequently administered drug. Enduring changes in personality/attitudes, depression, spirituality, anxiety, wellbeing, substance misuse, meditative practices, and mindfulness were documented. Mystical experiences, connectedness, emotional breakthrough, and increased neural entropy were related to these long-term changes in psychological functioning. Finally, with proper screening, preparation, supervision, and integration, limited aversive side effects were noted by study participants. Future researchers should focus on including larger and more diverse samples, lengthier longitudinal designs, stronger control conditions, and standardized dosages.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-03-15", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.017", "pubmed_id": "32194129", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.017", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Emotions, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32194129\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Systematic Review,Review Article,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2290, "title": "Natural Psychoplastogens As Antidepressant Agents.", "normalized_title": "natural psychoplastogens as antidepressant agents", "authors": "Benko J, Vranková S.", "abstract": "Increasing prevalence and burden of major depressive disorder presents an unavoidable problem for psychiatry. Existing antidepressants exert their effect only after several weeks of continuous treatment. In addition, their serious side effects and ineffectiveness in one-third of patients call for urgent action. Recent advances have given rise to the concept of psychoplastogens. These compounds are capable of fast structural and functional rearrangement of neural networks by targeting mechanisms previously implicated in the development of depression. Furthermore, evidence shows that they exert a potent acute and long-term positive effects, reaching beyond the treatment of psychiatric diseases. Several of them are naturally occurring compounds, such as psilocybin, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone. Their pharmacology and effects in animal and human studies were discussed in this article.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-03-04", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3390/molecules25051172", "pubmed_id": "32150976", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051172", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Biological Products, Treatment Outcome, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Depression, Structure-Activity Relationship, Clinical Studies as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32150976\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Animal Study,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2283, "title": "Psilocybin Therapeutic Research: The Present and Future Paradigm", "normalized_title": "psilocybin therapeutic research the present and future paradigm", "authors": "Robert B. Kargbo", "abstract": "Psilocybin, an active component in \"magic mushroom\", may have the potential to meet the therapeutic needs for a number of indications without the addictiveness and overdose risk of other mind-altering drugs, such as cocaine, heroin, alcohol, methamphetamine, and so forth. The need for new therapies is urgent because addiction, overdose, and suicide deaths have risen throughout the United States and around the world. Anecdotal and contemporary pharmacological reports have provided some indication about the therapeutic use of psilocybin for the treatment of mental health disorders such as major depressive disorder and addiction disorders. In this Viewpoint, I summarize the current state of psilocybin therapeutic research and attempt to provide some insight into future directions on which the scientific community may wish to focus.", "journal": "ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters", "publication_date": "2020-03-01", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00048", "pubmed_id": "32292538", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00048", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Computer science, Data science, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3009264042\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":48,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010322651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108914738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S191852912\",\"source_display_name\":\"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00048\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3009264042" }, { "id": 2265, "title": "Scalable Hybrid Synthetic/Biocatalytic Route to Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "scalable hybrid synthetic biocatalytic route to psilocybin", "authors": "Janis Fricke, Robert B. Kargbo, Lars Regestein, Claudius Lenz, Gundela Peschel, Miriam A. Rosenbaum, Alexander M. Sherwood, Dirk Hoffmeister", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the principal indole alkaloid of Psilocybe mushrooms, is currently undergoing clinical trials as a medication against treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder. The psilocybin supply for pharmaceutical purposes is met by synthetic chemistry. We replaced the problematic phosphorylation step during synthesis with the mushroom kinase PsiK. This enzyme was biochemically characterized and used to produce one gram of psilocybin from psilocin within 20 minutes. We also describe a pilot-scale protocol for recombinant PsiK that yielded 150 mg enzyme in active and soluble form. Our work consolidates the simplicity of tryptamine chemistry with the specificity and selectivity of enzymatic catalysis and helps provide access to an important drug at potentially reasonable cost.", "journal": "Chemistry - A European Journal", "publication_date": "2020-02-25", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1002/chem.202000134", "pubmed_id": "32101345", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202000134", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Tryptamine, Chemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Biology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":48,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1975094891\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991588046\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999999921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128635872\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139669250\",\"https://openalex.org/W2297439341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312856833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753941774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2810710828\",\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950394635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951809594\",\"https://openalex.org/W2973895336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2988070888\",\"https://openalex.org/W2999478951\",\"https://openalex.org/W3007311584\",\"https://openalex.org/W4293247451\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046057419\",\"display_name\":\"Janis Fricke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-3185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083389508\",\"display_name\":\"Lars Regestein\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-7171\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103876089\",\"display_name\":\"Claudius Lenz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007740172\",\"display_name\":\"Gundela Peschel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0120-4019\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016954737\",\"display_name\":\"Miriam A. Rosenbaum\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4566-8624\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S68911691\",\"source_display_name\":\"Chemistry - A European Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202000134\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3007311584" }, { "id": 2209, "title": "Psychedelics and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and psychedelic assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Reiff CM, Richman EE, Nemeroff CB, Carpenter LL, Widge AS, Rodriguez CI, Kalin NH, McDonald WM, the Work Group on Biomarkers and Novel Treatments, a Division of the American Psychiatric Association Council of Research.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThe authors provide an evidenced-based summary of the literature on the clinical application of psychedelic drugs in psychiatric disorders.MethodsSearches of PubMed and PsycINFO via Ovid were conducted for articles in English, in peer-reviewed journals, reporting on \"psilocybin,\" \"lysergic acid diethylamide,\" \"LSD,\" \"ayahuasca,\" \"3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,\" and \"MDMA,\" in human subjects, published between 2007 and July 1, 2019. A total of 1,603 articles were identified and screened. Articles that did not contain the terms \"clinical trial,\" \"therapy,\" or \"imaging\" in the title or abstract were filtered out. The 161 remaining articles were reviewed by two or more authors. The authors identified 14 articles reporting on well-designed clinical trials investigating the efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, and ayahuasca for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders, trauma and stress-related disorders, and substance-related and addictive disorders as well as in end-of-life care.ResultsThe most significant database exists for MDMA and psilocybin, which have been designated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as \"breakthrough therapies\" for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and treatment-resistant depression, respectively. The research on LSD and ayahuasca is observational, but available evidence suggests that these agents may have therapeutic effects in specific psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsRandomized clinical trials support the efficacy of MDMA in the treatment of PTSD and psilocybin in the treatment of depression and cancer-related anxiety. The research to support the use of LSD and ayahuasca in the treatment of psychiatric disorders is preliminary, although promising. Overall, the database is insufficient for FDA approval of any psychedelic compound for routine clinical use in psychiatric disorders at this time, but continued research on the efficacy of psychedelics for the treatment of psychiatric disorders is warranted.", "journal": "Diseño interior", "publication_date": "2020-02-25", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19010035", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19010035", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, Evidence-Based Practice, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32098487\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W32098487\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W32098487\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5104093896\",\"display_name\":\"Pilar Gómez Rodríguez\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306508135\",\"source_display_name\":\"Diseño interior\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2955419\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,End-of-Life Distress,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W32098487" }, { "id": 2295, "title": "Self-reported negative outcomes of psilocybin users: A quantitative textual analysis", "normalized_title": "self reported negative outcomes of psilocybin users a quantitative textual analysis", "authors": "Bheatrix Bienemann, Nina Stamato Ruschel, Maria Luiza Pesse Campos, Marco Aurélio Negreiros, Daniel C. Mograbi", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a substance mainly found in mushrooms of the genus psilocybe, has been historically used for ritualistic, recreational and, more recently, medicinal purposes. The scientific literature suggests low toxicity, low risk of addiction, overdose, or other causes of injury commonly caused by substances of abuse, with growing interest in the use of this substance for conditions such as treatment-resistant depression. However, the presence of negative outcomes linked to psilocybin use is not clear yet. The objective of this study is to investigate the negative effects of psilocybin consumption, according to the users' own perception through self-reports extracted from an online platform. 346 reports were analyzed with the assistance of the IRAMUTEQ textual analysis software, adopting the procedures of Descending Hierarchical Classification, Correspondence Factor Analysis and Specificities Analysis. The text segments were grouped in 4 main clusters, describing thinking distortions, emergencies, perceptual alterations and the administration of the substance. Bad trips were more frequent in female users, being associated with thinking distortions. The use of multiple doses of psilocybin in the same session or its combination with other substances was linked to the occurrence of long-term negative outcomes, while the use of mushrooms in single high doses was linked to medical emergencies. These results can be useful for a better understanding of the effects of psilocybin use, guiding harm-reduction initiatives.", "journal": "PLoS ONE", "publication_date": "2020-02-20", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0229067", "pubmed_id": "32084160", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229067", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Addiction, Psychiatry, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3007379062\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3007379062\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":79,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2000021284\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024964629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2281388340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2283526650\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2606173794\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610345163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2612228298\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616187260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2619242792\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2758523683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2791795903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W2831064708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887140173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891256775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2909739147\",\"https://openalex.org/W2981489145\",\"https://openalex.org/W2985843276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2991390907\",\"https://openalex.org/W3004628237\",\"https://openalex.org/W4248877989\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000107619\",\"display_name\":\"Bheatrix Bienemann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4291-4612\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5076118196\",\"display_name\":\"Nina Stamato Ruschel\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014422641\",\"display_name\":\"Maria Luiza Pesse Campos\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109585195\",\"display_name\":\"Marco Aurélio Negreiros\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037104251\",\"display_name\":\"Daniel C. Mograbi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4271-2984\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S202381698\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS ONE\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229067\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3007379062" }, { "id": 1083, "title": "Rethinking Therapeutic Strategies for Anorexia Nervosa: Insights From Psychedelic Medicine and Animal Models.", "normalized_title": "rethinking therapeutic strategies for anorexia nervosa insights from psychedelic medicine and animal models", "authors": "Foldi CJ, Liknaitzky P, Williams M, Oldfield BJ.", "abstract": "Anorexia nervosa (AN) has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disease, yet available pharmacological treatments are largely ineffective due, in part, to an inadequate understanding of the neurobiological drivers that underpin the condition. The recent resurgence of research into the clinical applications of psychedelic medicine for a range of mental disorders has highlighted the potential for classical psychedelics, including psilocybin, to alleviate symptoms of AN that relate to serotonergic signaling and cognitive inflexibility. Clinical trials using psychedelics in treatment-resistant depression have shown promising outcomes, although these studies are unable to circumvent some methodological biases. The first clinical trial to use psilocybin in patients with AN commenced in 2019, necessitating a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms through which psychedelics act. Animal models are beneficial in this respect, allowing for detailed scrutiny of brain function and behavior and the potential to study pharmacology without the confounds of expectancy and bias that are impossible to control for in patient populations. We argue that studies investigating the neurobiological effects of psychedelics in animal models, including the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rodent model, are particularly important to inform clinical applications, including the subpopulations of patients that may benefit most from psychedelic medicine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-02-03", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2020.00043", "pubmed_id": "32116500", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00043", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32116500\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Eating Disorders,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3869, "title": "LSD und Psilocybin als Selbstmedikation", "normalized_title": "lsd und psilocybin als selbstmedikation", "authors": "", "abstract": "Die Mikrodosierung von Psychedelika wie LSD oder Psilocybin zur Leistungssteigerung und Förderung kreativer Prozesse erfährt zunehmend mediale Aufmerksamkeit. Beim Microdosing werden zwischen 5 und 10 % einer Standarddosis nach einem festgelegten Plan (z. B. alle 3 Tage) eingenommen, wobei kein Rauschzustand intendiert ist. Eine noch überschaubare Anzahl kleinerer Studien beschreibt positive Effekte des Microdosings hinsichtlich des Wohlbefinden und der kognitiver Leistungsfähigkeit,aber auch bei Depressionen und Angsterkrankungen.", "journal": "Suchttherapie", "publication_date": "2020-01-31", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1055/a-1085-0309", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1085-0309", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Gynecology, Psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4255701151\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4255701151\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S30125665\",\"source_display_name\":\"Suchttherapie\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1085-0309\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Microdosing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4255701151" }, { "id": 2282, "title": "A review of emerging therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses.", "normalized_title": "a review of emerging therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses", "authors": "Chi T, Gold JA.", "abstract": "Though there was initial interest in the use of psychedelic drugs for psychiatric treatment, bad outcomes and subsequent passage of the Substance Act of 1970, which placed psychedelic drugs in the Schedule I category, significantly limited potential progress. More recently, however, there has been renewal in interest and promise of psychedelic research. The purpose of this review is to highlight contemporary human studies on the use of select psychedelic drugs, such as psilocybin, LSD, MDMA and ayahuasca, in the treatment of various psychiatric illnesses, including but not limited to treatment-resistant depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, end-of-life anxiety, and substance use disorders. The safety and efficacy as reported from human and animal studies will also be discussed. Accumulated research to date has suggested the potential for psychedelics to emerge as breakthrough therapies for psychiatric conditions refractory to conventional treatments. However, given the unique history and high potential for misuse with popular distribution, special care and considerations must be undertaken to safeguard their use as viable medical treatments rather than drugs of abuse.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-01-30", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1016/j.jns.2020.116715", "pubmed_id": "32044687", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2020.116715", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32044687\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2300, "title": "Therapeutic mechanisms of psilocybin: Changes in amygdala and prefrontal functional connectivity during emotional processing after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "therapeutic mechanisms of psilocybin changes in amygdala and prefrontal functional connectivity during emotional processing after psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Lea J. Mertens, Matthew B. Wall, Leor Roseman, Lysia Demetriou, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Psilocybin has shown promise as a treatment for depression but its therapeutic mechanisms are not properly understood. In contrast to the presumed actions of antidepressants, we recently found increased amygdala responsiveness to fearful faces one day after open-label treatment with psilocybin (25 mg) in 19 patients with treatment-resistant depression, which correlated with treatment efficacy. AIMS: Aiming to further unravel the therapeutic mechanisms of psilocybin, the present study extends this basic activation analysis. We hypothesised changed amygdala functional connectivity, more precisely decreased amygdala-ventromedial prefrontal cortex functional connectivity, during face processing after treatment with psilocybin. METHODS: Psychophysiological interaction analyses were conducted on functional magnetic resonance imaging data from a classic face/emotion perception task, with the bilateral amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex time-series as physiological regressors. Average parameter estimates (beta weights) of significant clusters were correlated with clinical outcomes at one week. RESULTS: Results showed decreased ventromedial prefrontal cortex-right amygdala functional connectivity during face processing post- (versus pre-) treatment; this decrease was associated with levels of rumination at one week. This effect was driven by connectivity changes in response to fearful and neutral (but not happy) faces. Independent whole-brain analyses also revealed a post-treatment increase in functional connectivity between the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex to occipital-parietal cortices during face processing. CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with the idea that psilocybin therapy revives emotional responsiveness on a neural and psychological level, which may be a key treatment mechanism for psychedelic therapy. Future larger placebo-controlled studies are needed to examine the replicability of the current findings.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-01-15", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1177/0269881119895520", "pubmed_id": "31941394", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881119895520", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Amygdala, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Functional connectivity, Prefrontal cortex, Neuroscience, Depression (economics), Treatment-resistant depression, Psychiatry, Cognition, Major depressive disorder, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, Pain Management and Placebo Effect", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3000549374\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":211,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1607171655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1831666347\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1967996189\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982298223\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998633617\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001287871\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006096283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007768041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015650241\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021031321\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042333532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052213011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055862036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063619953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070757879\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083730492\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097563002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101006267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101842006\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103881507\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105190393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105824687\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110431345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111613011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112300402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114613490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114757046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127127037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129736850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131439590\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134189152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146747402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147242053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148191429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151721316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157803948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158598050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163072248\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165707697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167738136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410368721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561419573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2579967741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594366375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616273018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624535799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898717395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2914255920\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4253507931\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070309082\",\"display_name\":\"Lea J. Mertens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-3941\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069665617\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Wall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-6274\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060501027\",\"display_name\":\"Lysia Demetriou\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5249-0900\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881119895520\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Chronic Pain,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Emotional Processing,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3000549374" }, { "id": 2302, "title": "Long-term follow-up of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric and existential distress in patients with life-threatening cancer", "normalized_title": "long term follow up of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric and existential distress in patients with life threatening cancer", "authors": "Gabrielle Agin-Liebes, Tara C. Malone, Matthew M. Yalch, Sarah E. Mennenga, Katherine Ponte, Jeffrey Guss, Anthony P. Bossis, Jim Grigsby, Stacy M. Fischer, Stephen Ross", "abstract": "BACKGROUND: A recently published randomized controlled trial compared single-dose psilocybin with single-dose niacin in conjunction with psychotherapy in participants with cancer-related psychiatric distress. Results suggested that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy facilitated improvements in psychiatric and existential distress, quality of life, and spiritual well-being up to seven weeks prior to the crossover. At the 6.5-month follow-up, after the crossover, 60-80% of participants continued to meet criteria for clinically significant antidepressant or anxiolytic responses. METHODS: The present study is a long-term within-subjects follow-up analysis of self-reported symptomatology involving a subset of participants that completed the parent trial. All 16 participants who were still alive were contacted, and 15 participants agreed to participate at an average of 3.2 and 4.5 years following psilocybin administration. RESULTS: Reductions in anxiety, depression, hopelessness, demoralization, and death anxiety were sustained at the first and second follow-ups. Within-group effect sizes were large. At the second (4.5 year) follow-up approximately 60-80% of participants met criteria for clinically significant antidepressant or anxiolytic responses. Participants overwhelmingly (71-100%) attributed positive life changes to the psilocybin-assisted therapy experience and rated it among the most personally meaningful and spiritually significant experiences of their lives. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy holds promise in promoting long-term relief from cancer-related psychiatric distress. Limited conclusions, however, can be drawn regarding the efficacy of this therapy due to the crossover design of the parent study. Nonetheless, the present study adds to the emerging literature base suggesting that psilocybin-facilitated therapy may enhance the psychological, emotional, and spiritual well-being of patients with life-threatening cancer.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2020-01-08", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1177/0269881119897615", "pubmed_id": "31916890", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881119897615", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Distress, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Psychology, Existentialism, Cancer, Term (time), Quality of life (healthcare), Hallucinogen, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Quantum mechanics, Epistemology, Philosophy, Internal medicine, Physics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Pain Management and Placebo Effect, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3000636165\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":353,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W657183938\",\"https://openalex.org/W1784226620\",\"https://openalex.org/W1862997372\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966158258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973763578\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977539641\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977618336\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987617060\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006017095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007686940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020401373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034806753\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039979496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041265397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041381796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044194878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060831503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087089708\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094249471\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098462422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115510970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125807611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134436637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141463901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156033378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157803948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168083201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474663598\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492489237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757295924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793484468\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889204985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2898717395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2911514809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2935505088\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949457836\",\"https://openalex.org/W2954690399\",\"https://openalex.org/W2962285119\",\"https://openalex.org/W2996321268\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251018542\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072909845\",\"display_name\":\"Tara C. Malone\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008975339\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew M. Yalch\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1965-0041\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043859431\",\"display_name\":\"Katherine Ponte\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015516801\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony P. Bossis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049402654\",\"display_name\":\"Jim Grigsby\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1002-9807\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000572590\",\"display_name\":\"Stacy M. Fischer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-7576\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881119897615\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Randomized Controlled Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3000636165" }, { "id": 2301, "title": "The experimental effects of psilocybin on symptoms of anxiety and depression: A meta-analysis.", "normalized_title": "the experimental effects of psilocybin on symptoms of anxiety and depression a meta analysis", "authors": "Goldberg SB, Pace BT, Nicholas CR, Raison CL, Hutson PR.", "abstract": "The current meta-analysis examined the effects of psilocybin in combination with behavioral interventions on anxiety and depression in samples with elevated symptoms. Across four studies (one uncontrolled; three randomized, placebo-controlled; N = 117), within-group pre-post and pre-follow-up effects on anxiety and depression were large (Hedges' gs=1.16 to 1.47) and statistically significant. Across three placebo-controlled studies, pre-post placebo-controlled effects were also large (gs = 0.82 to 0.83) and statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported. Limitations include the small number of studies and risk for bias within studies. Results tentatively support future research on psilocybin for the treatment of anxiety and depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2020-01-01", "publication_year": 2020, "doi": "10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112749", "pubmed_id": "31931272", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112749", "keywords": "Humans, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Anxiety, Female, Male, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31931272\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3897, "title": "Is Psilocybin an Effective Treatment to Reduce Depression and Anxiety in Cancer Patients with a Diagnosis of an Anxiety Disorder, Mood Disorder, And/Or Stress Disorder?", "normalized_title": "is psilocybin an effective treatment to reduce depression and anxiety in cancer patients with a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder mood disorder and or stress disorder", "authors": "Brooke Reichenbach", "abstract": "Objective: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not psilocybin is an effective treatment to reduce depression and anxiety in cancer patients with a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, mood disorder, and/or stress disorder. Study design: Systematic review of three cross-over randomized placebo-controlled trials published in peer reviewed journals between 2010-2016. Data sources: All articles were published in English and were selected from Cochrane Collaboration and PubMed based on if they were relevant to my clinical question and included patient-oriented outcomes (POEMs). Outcomes measured: Outcomes measured included self-reported anxiety and depression via the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively. Results: Grob et al. (Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68(1):71-78. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry. 2010.116) found that controlled use of psilocybin when compared with placebo improved selfreported anxiety (p", "journal": "Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine)", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/pa_systematic_reviews/531", "keywords": "Anxiety, Mood, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Psilocybin, Clinical psychology, Cancer, Psychology, Anxiety disorder, Major depressive disorder, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Psychology and Mental Health", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3137131474\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3137131474\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088665805\",\"display_name\":\"Brooke Reichenbach\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4377196547\",\"source_display_name\":\"Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/pa_systematic_reviews/531\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3137131474" }, { "id": 3893, "title": "Psilocybin and LSD in the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and lsd in the treatment of depression and anxiety", "authors": "Marcus Allgulin", "abstract": "Psychiatry is in a crisis. Mental health disorders are on the rise worldwide and there are currently not enough efficient treatment methods that would meet the patients’ needs. Hence, the societal and economic costs of mental health problems are enormous, as well as the suffering of individuals afflicted by mental health problems. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin are substances that create an altered state of consciousness characterized by altered sensory perception and on some occasions, ego-dissolution, and mystical experiences. In recent studies, LSD and psilocybin have been shown to carry significant therapeutic potential in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders in conjunction with psychotherapy. The therapeutic effects of LSD and psilocybin have also been shown to persist for between 3-12 months post-treatment. LSD and psilocybin, like other classical hallucinogens, increase serotonin availability, which has been suggested to attenuate symptoms of anxiety and depression. In addition, LSD and psilocybin alter the activity of the default mode network, which has been suggested to be overly active in depressed and anxious patients. This essay is a literature review of the neural mechanisms of LSD and psilocybin, their potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders, and how insights about said neural mechanisms may be useful in understanding the possible application of psychedelics in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders. In sum, recent studies have provided converging and convincing evidence on therapeutic potential of LSD and psilocybin. Yet, few conclusions on the exact neural mechanisms of how LSD and psilocybin alleviate depressive and anxiety symptoms can be made. Although the future of this research field looks promising, archaic national- and international regulations continue to be a hindrance to research into psychedelic drugs. Yet, due to the psychiatric crisis and the promising results so far, more studies in this field are warranted.", "journal": "Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18843", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Mental health, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Digital Mental Health Interventions, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3093826296\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3093826296\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078099219\",\"display_name\":\"Marcus Allgulin\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400653\",\"source_display_name\":\"Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18843\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Consciousness,Mystical Experience,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3093826296" }, { "id": 3892, "title": "Psychedelics: A Window To Mental Illness; Psilocybin And Depression", "normalized_title": "psychedelics a window to mental illness psilocybin and depression", "authors": "Kiomary Rivera Quintana", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=hpd_corx_stuarticles", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Mental illness, Depression (economics), Psychology, Window (computing), Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Mental health, Computer science, Macroeconomics, Operating system, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3091996077\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3091996077\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5055078751\",\"display_name\":\"Kiomary Rivera Quintana\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=hpd_corx_stuarticles\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3091996077" }, { "id": 3891, "title": "The Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in the Treatment of Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psilocybin and 3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine in the treatment of depression and post traumatic stress disorder", "authors": "Sofia Gyllvik", "abstract": "The psychedelic psilocybin and the entactogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) are being scientifically studied again after a long hiatus, and especially for their potential in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Their profound effect on cognitive, perceptual, and affective processes have led to several clinical studies during the last decade that have forced the reconsideration of the utility of these substances. The research includes clinical trials with psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for depressive and anxiety symptoms, and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The results have shown a significant reduction in depressive and anxiety symptoms in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, and in PTSD symptoms in MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, with acceptable adverse effects. Moreover, the reductions in symptoms have been shown to be sustained several years later. Given the results indicate short- and long-term safety and efficacy, even for treatment resistant conditions, this suggest that these substances administered with psychotherapy are promising and deserve to be taken seriously as a therapeutic tool. The present thesis provides an overview of the latest clinical studies on the treatment of depression, anxiety, and PTSD with psilocybin and MDMA, respectively, as well as reviews the history, mechanisms of action, the therapeutic process used with psilocybin and MDMA, and any adverse physiological and psychological effects of both substances.", "journal": "Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18729", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Traumatic stress, Depression (economics), Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, MDMA, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3083741926\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3083741926\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5075217865\",\"display_name\":\"Sofia Gyllvik\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400653\",\"source_display_name\":\"Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18729\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3083741926" }, { "id": 3889, "title": "Psilocybin's effects on the brain and implications for depression treatment", "normalized_title": "psilocybin s effects on the brain and implications for depression treatment", "authors": "Katariina Sarajärvi", "abstract": "Mental illnesses, especially depression, are a global problem that require new treatment options to those whose symptoms are resistant to the current ones. Psilocybin, which is a naturally occurring drug in mushrooms, has become a potential candidate. It affects the brain by deactivating certain areas, causing not only changes in perception and consciousness but antidepressive responses as well, thereby improving well-being. Previous studies have looked at psilocybin and how it affects the brain, and also shown that short trials with psilocybin can cause long-lasting improvement. Here, I conducted an analysis including nine experimental articles that had studied psilocybin’s effects on depressive symptoms. Results confirm that psilocybin does decrease depressive symptoms, even long-lastingly, while only transient mild side effects being fairly common. Some conclusions could also be drawn of which types of patients will benefit of psilocybin treatment most likely. Future research with bigger sample sizes is needed, as well as more focus on identifying the ideal settings and patients of psilocybin-assisted therapy.", "journal": "Epubl LTU", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79481", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3046649178\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3046649178\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2000681816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040064764\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123722617\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2508574573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781316183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801092899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2907379922\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951080359\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079701068\",\"display_name\":\"Katariina Sarajärvi\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S7407055297\",\"source_display_name\":\"Epubl LTU\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79481\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3046649178" }, { "id": 3885, "title": "The Efficacy of Psilocybin Compared to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in the Treatment of Adults with Major Depressive Disorder", "normalized_title": "the efficacy of psilocybin compared to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of adults with major depressive disorder", "authors": "Krista Worden", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://scholarworks.arcadia.edu/showcase/2020/pa/60/", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Serotonin, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Psychiatry, Reuptake inhibitor, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Fluoxetine, Antidepressant, Internal medicine, Anxiety, Cognition, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3021977779\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3021977779\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054017635\",\"display_name\":\"Krista Worden\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://scholarworks.arcadia.edu/showcase/2020/pa/60/\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3021977779" }, { "id": 3884, "title": "Psilocybin may help cancer patients with depression and anxiety for years", "normalized_title": "psilocybin may help cancer patients with depression and anxiety for years", "authors": "Laura Sanders", "abstract": "", "journal": "Access Science", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://www.accessscience.com/content/psilocybin-may-help-cancer-patients-with-depression-and-anxiety-for-years/SN2002031", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Depression (economics), Cancer, Psychiatry, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3005367189\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3005367189\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103358587\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Sanders\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764746627\",\"source_display_name\":\"Access Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://www.accessscience.com/content/psilocybin-may-help-cancer-patients-with-depression-and-anxiety-for-years/SN2002031\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3005367189" }, { "id": 3883, "title": "Development of an improved psilocybin synthesis", "normalized_title": "development of an improved psilocybin synthesis", "authors": "Reham Shaba", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a hallucinogenic compound found in fungi and is currently evaluated inclinical trials for treatment of depression, anxiety and addiction. Psilocybin is aprodrug of the pharmacologically active metabolite, psilocin. The synthetic route topsilocybin relies on synthesizing psilocin from the starting material, 4-hydroxyindoleand latter converting psilocin into psilocybin by phosphorylation. The synthesis ofpsilocybin has been challenging because of the labile nature of the phosphorylationdibenzyl ester reagent and related intermediates. Several attempts to optimizepsilocybin synthesis have been published but there is still a need for furtherimprovements.The first aim of this project was to synthesize psilocybin using literature methods,while the second aim was to optimize the phosphorylation step with differentreagents and conditions.Initial studies focused on coupling the two-side chain carbon onto position three ofthe indole, this required protection of the hydroxyl group which was achieved byacylation in room temperature. With sufficient amount of dimethylamine solution, theamine addition reaction was investigated and resulted in a pure product. Thefollowing reduction with lithium aluminum hydride provided an unknown side-productinstead of psilocin.The first aim was successfully accomplished, up to psilocin, with pure intermediatesbut low yields. The second aim was not achieved due to lack of time and access tothe laboratory during covid-19 crisis. However, a literature survey of reagents andconditions for phosphorylation was performed which enables continuation of theproject.", "journal": "Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University)", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420295", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3089446948\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3089446948\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5031470678\",\"display_name\":\"Reham Shaba\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306402042\",\"source_display_name\":\"Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420295\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Clinical Trial,Observational Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3089446948" }, { "id": 2287, "title": "Psychedelic Microdosing: A Subreddit Analysis.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic microdosing a subreddit analysis", "authors": "Lea T, Amada N, Jungaberle H", "abstract": "Self-administration of very low doses of psychedelic drugs to improve mental health and wellbeing and enhance cognitive function, known as microdosing, has received recent media attention, but little research has been conducted. We conducted a content analysis of discussions about microdosing from the online forum Reddit. We examined motivations, dosing practices, and perceived benefits and limitations of microdosing. Motivations included self-management of mental health issues, improvement of psychosocial wellbeing, and cognitive enhancement. Self-reported benefits included cognitive and creative enhancement, reduced depression and anxiety, enhanced self-insight and mindfulness, improved mood and attitude toward life, improved habits and health behaviors, and improved social interactions and interpersonal connections. Perceived limitations included issues related to dosing, adverse physical effects, taking illegal substances, limited or no mental health or cognitive improvement, increased anxiety, unpleasant \"off\" days, only short-term benefits, and concerns about dependence and drug-related risks. Standard doses of psychedelic drugs provided in therapeutic settings have potential as novel treatments for some mental health conditions, but clinical research is needed to understand if this is also the case for microdosing. In the meantime, harm reduction resources should be developed and made available to provide the best available information on the safer use of self-administered psychedelics.", "journal": "Journal of psychoactive drugs", "publication_date": "2019-12-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2019.1683260", "pubmed_id": "31648596", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31648596/", "keywords": "LSD, Microdosing, cognitive performance, mental health, psilocybin, treatment", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:39", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"31648596\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Creativity,Safety,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3902, "title": "Structure Based Drug Design towards Exploring Potential Anti-Psychotic and Anti-Depressant Activity of Possible Stiff Base of Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "structure based drug design towards exploring potential anti psychotic and anti depressant activity of possible stiff base of psilocybin", "authors": "Krishna Kumar Varshney", "abstract": "One among four people in the world are affected by mental or neurological illness at some point of their lives. An estimated number of 450 million people suffers from neurological disorders of one or the other type making mental disorders as the leading cause for disability across the globe. Under psychosis and depression maintenance therapy drug acting on Dopamine (D2) and 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor (5HT2R) respectively are used in clinical practices. Our study is to design several series of novel chemical entity based on scaffold of psychedelic prodrug i.e. psilocybin. As protein-ligand interactions play a key role in structure based drug design, by using molecular docking, we screened 9 hypothetical inhibitors and investigated their binding affinity against D2 and 5HT2R. We have performed homology modelling to predict 3D structure and build a templet using FASTA sequence of amino acid D2 and 5-HT2 receptor using UniProt database (accession number: P14416 & P28223) and swiss-modeller. In this investigation we performed molecular docking and molecular dynamic study using AutoDock software on their respective grid pocket. Several physicochemical description, pharmacokinetic properties, toxicity, and drug-likeness score with respective 9 hypothetical inhibitors were access using QikProp software, molispiration and OSIRIS property explorer web server. The docking results were evaluated based on free energies of binding (ΔG, kcal/mol) and the results suggested that all the 9 hypothetical chemical entity to be potent inhibitor of D2 and 5HT2R. All the hypothetical inhibitors respect the Lipinski's rule of five. Based on these observations, we firmly believe that the stiff base of psilocybin could aid in efficient anti-psychotic and anti-depressants in drug design.", "journal": "SSRN Electronic Journal", "publication_date": "2019-12-29", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3528349", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Docking (animal), Lipinski's rule of five, UniProt, AutoDock, Pharmacology, Drug, Homology modeling, Pharmacophore, Hallucinogen, Computational biology, Stereochemistry, Medicine, Chemistry, In silico, Biology, Biochemistry, Enzyme, Gene, Nursing, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Computational Drug Discovery Methods, Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3135591988\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3135591988\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072461383\",\"display_name\":\"Krishna Kumar Varshney\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-4115\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210172589\",\"source_display_name\":\"SSRN Electronic Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3528349\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Toxicity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3135591988" }, { "id": 2291, "title": "The relationship between subjective effects induced by a single dose of ketamine and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "the relationship between subjective effects induced by a single dose of ketamine and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder a systematic review", "authors": "Mathai DS, Meyer MJ, Storch EA, Kosten TR.", "abstract": "ObjectiveThe relationship between ketamine's hallucinogenic- and dissociative-type effects and antidepressant mechanism of action is poorly understood. This paper reviewed the correlation between subjective effects defined by various psychometric scales and observed clinical outcomes in the treatment of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).MethodsBased on PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed the dissociative and psychotomimetic mental state induced with ketamine during MDD treatment. Our selected studies correlated depression rating with validated scales collected at regular intervals throughout the study period such as the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and the 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale (5D-ASC). We excluded studies with bipolar depression or with repeated dosing and no single-dose phase. We included 8 of 556 screened reports.ResultsTwo of five CADSS studies found significant negative correlations between increases in CADSS scores and depression scores. One of six BPRS studies demonstrated correlations between BPRS scores and depression scores. The 5D-ASC's one study found no correlation with the MADRS.ConclusionsKetamine's dissociative and psychotomimetic effects were correlated with depression changes in 37.5% of studies, but most studies did not examine this relationship and future studies should consider this association since it appears important for MDMA and psilocybin therapies.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-12-13", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.023", "pubmed_id": "32056741", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.023", "keywords": "Humans, Ketamine, Antidepressive Agents, Dissociative Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"32056741\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3285, "title": "Mapping Psilocybin-Assisted Therapies: A Scoping Review", "normalized_title": "mapping psilocybin assisted therapies a scoping review", "authors": "Shore R, Ioudovski P, Goldie C, McKeown S, Dumont E, Queen’s University, Kingston On.", "abstract": "We conducted a scoping review on psilocybin-assisted therapy for addiction, depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psilocybin is a naturally-occurring tryptophan derivative found in species of mushroom with psycho-active properties. From 2022 records identified by database searching, 40 publications were included in the qualitative synthesis from which we identified 9 clinical trials with a total of 169 participants. Trials used a peak-psychedelic model of therapy, emphasizing inward journey through the use of eyeshades, set musical scores and with medium to high doses of psilocybin. No serious adverse effects were reported; mild adverse effects included transient anxiety, nausea and post-treatment headaches. Overall, the 9 trials all demonstrated safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy in the treatments of obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance use disorder, treatment-resistant unipolar depression, anxiety or depression in patients with life-threatening cancer and demoralization among long-term AIDS survivors.The literature was found to be early and exploratory, with several limitations: only 5 were randomized controlled trials, small and homogenous patient sample size, difficulties in blinding, and the confounding influence of psychological supports provided. Further research is indicated to establish effectiveness for these and other indications, with a more diverse range of patients, and with differing program and dosing modalities.", "journal": "medRxiv", "publication_date": "2019-12-11", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1101/2019.12.04.19013896", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.04.19013896", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "medRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR105649\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"medRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2362, "title": "[Neurotrophic mechanisms of psychedelic therapy].", "normalized_title": "neurotrophic mechanisms of psychedelic therapy", "authors": "Corne R, Mongeau R.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs, often referred to as hallucinogens, are quite distinct from other classes of psychotropic drugs. Although the subjective and behavioral effects they induce are quite dramatic, they possess little addictive potential when compared to nicotine, alcohol or opiates. Since the discovery of ketamine antidepressant effects, there has been growing interest for these molecules. Serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are gaining attention as potential treatments for depression and addiction, similarly to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and ibogaine for addiction. Although they possess distinct pharmacological profiles, their kinetics of action are quite similar: the therapeutic effects are felt within the hours following administration, and last well beyond drug elimination by the organism. This strongly suggests the induction of neurogenic and plastic mechanisms, including the involvement of trophic factors. This review will explore the literature dealing with the effects of psychedelics on neurotrophins, as well as the plastic adaptations that they induce, in an attempt to understand their surprising therapeutic potential. We will show that although ketamine and serotonergic psychedelics have affinity for very different receptors (NMDA, 5-HT2A), they ultimately initiate similar plastic adaptations in the prefrontal cortex through the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We will see that although MDMA uses the same receptors as serotonergic psychedelics to alleviate PTSD symptoms, its effect on BDNF levels seem paradoxical and quite different. Finally, we show how ibogaine could exert its anti-addictive properties through a completely different neurotrophic factor than other psychedelic drugs, the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). While the current literature concerning the psychiatric applications of psychedelic therapy is encouraging, it remains to be determined whether their benefits could be obtained without their psychotomimetic effects, or concerns over potential toxicity.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-12-11", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1051/jbio/2019015", "pubmed_id": "31829932", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019015", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Serotonin, Ketamine, Ibogaine, Nerve Growth Factors, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31829932\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,PTSD,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Review Article,Toxicity", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2313, "title": "Therapeutic use of serotoninergic hallucinogens: A review of the evidence and of the biological and psychological mechanisms.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic use of serotoninergic hallucinogens a review of the evidence and of the biological and psychological mechanisms", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Hallak JEC.", "abstract": "Serotoninergic hallucinogens include drugs such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and psilocybin. Recent trials with single/few doses of these compounds show that they induce rapid and sustained antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive effects. These effects are also observed in religious groups using the DMT-containing brew ayahuasca. The agonist action of these substances on 5-HT2A receptors expressed in frontal and limbic areas increase glutamatergic transmission and neuroplasticity. These neurochemical effects are associated with acute alterations on self-perception and increases in introspection and positive mood, and with subacute and long-term decreases in psychiatric symptoms, increases in some personality traits such as openness, improvements in emotional processing, and increases in empathy. These are preliminary but promising results that should be further explored in controlled trials with larger sample sizes, especially considering that these compounds could be beneficial in the treatment of treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-12-02", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.001", "pubmed_id": "31809772", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.001", "keywords": "Limbic System, Prefrontal Cortex, Humans, Hallucinogens, Exploratory Behavior, Neuronal Plasticity, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Social Cognition", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31809772\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3905, "title": "P.609 Therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelic drugs: Changes in amygdala and prefrontal functional connectivity during emotional processing after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression", "normalized_title": "p 609 therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelic drugs changes in amygdala and prefrontal functional connectivity during emotional processing after psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Laura Mertens, M.B. Wall, L. Roseman, L. Demetriou, D.J. Nutt, R.L. Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2019-11-30", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.593", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.593", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Blinding, Clinical trial, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4248055189\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4248055189\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2063619953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013750321\",\"display_name\":\"Laura Mertens\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074368982\",\"display_name\":\"M.B. Wall\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5028858595\",\"display_name\":\"L. Roseman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042821012\",\"display_name\":\"L. Demetriou\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087308623\",\"display_name\":\"D.J. Nutt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061284186\",\"display_name\":\"R.L. Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.593\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4248055189" }, { "id": 2292, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression: How do we advance the field?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for depression how do we advance the field", "authors": "Sally Meikle, Paul Liknaitzky, Susan L. Rossell, Margaret Ross, Nigel Strauss, Neil Thomas, Greg Murray, M.L. Williams, David Castle", "abstract": "In the quest for new treatment options for depression, attention is being paid to the potential role of psychedelic drugs. Psilocybin is of particular interest given its mechanism of action, its benefits in early trials and its relatively low side effects burden. This viewpoint outlines a number of key issues that remain to be elucidated about its potential use in the clinical environment, including clarification of the profile of people most likely to benefit and those who might experience adverse effects, longer-term outcomes and the role of psychotherapeutic input alongside the drug itself. There are also opportunities to understand better, the neurobiology underpinning its effects.", "journal": "Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2019-11-21", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1177/0004867419888575", "pubmed_id": "31752499", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867419888575", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Depression (economics), Adverse effect, Psychiatry, Underpinning, Action (physics), Medicine, Pharmacology, Macroeconomics, Engineering, Civil engineering, Physics, Economics, Quantum mechanics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2989680519\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2989680519\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":19,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W40040914\",\"https://openalex.org/W1580029690\",\"https://openalex.org/W1582943257\",\"https://openalex.org/W1877874306\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011221060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072015756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104320372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107376791\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112074033\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134189152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551187611\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605178562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796940952\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2889504249\",\"https://openalex.org/W2891291514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913227533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2921561928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944263526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2945519735\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386638047\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033945101\",\"display_name\":\"Sally Meikle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-141X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030212190\",\"display_name\":\"Paul Liknaitzky\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-2263\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073606057\",\"display_name\":\"Susan L. Rossell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-8252\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101561809\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3368-6614\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044554133\",\"display_name\":\"Nigel Strauss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058530050\",\"display_name\":\"Neil Thomas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7006-6361\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082946700\",\"display_name\":\"Greg Murray\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7208-5603\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010417984\",\"display_name\":\"M.L. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-3008\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052884442\",\"display_name\":\"David Castle\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-1580\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S179943861\",\"source_display_name\":\"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867419888575\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2989680519" }, { "id": 3913, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy of major depressive disorder using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a therapeutic frame", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy of major depressive disorder using acceptance and commitment therapy as a therapeutic frame", "authors": "Jordan Sloshower, Jeffrey Guss, Robert Krause, Ryan Wallace, Monnica T. Williams, Sara Reed, Matthew D. Skinta", "abstract": "", "journal": "Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science", "publication_date": "2019-11-04", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.11.002", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.11.002", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Flexibility (engineering), Experiential avoidance, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Anxiety, Intervention (counseling), Mathematics, Statistics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2984820573\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":166,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1749626057\",\"https://openalex.org/W1878039938\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989475597\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991977790\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993943031\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998677716\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004087063\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018783775\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033922058\",\"https://openalex.org/W2046110635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053011811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058294682\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067755583\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091415950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092591624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110701839\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118883852\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124669934\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2415750758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W2537388000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2550865603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2732734283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2783614816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793644042\",\"https://openalex.org/W2799034873\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801518825\",\"https://openalex.org/W2808301300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2886232664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2887938296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2939555251\",\"https://openalex.org/W2947322969\",\"https://openalex.org/W3021420691\",\"https://openalex.org/W3082100929\",\"https://openalex.org/W3164207814\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285719527\",\"https://openalex.org/W4324045564\",\"https://openalex.org/W4386218079\",\"https://openalex.org/W6712001975\",\"https://openalex.org/W6749602434\",\"https://openalex.org/W6750926112\",\"https://openalex.org/W6753589185\",\"https://openalex.org/W6796585449\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080146983\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Sloshower\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5931\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063135046\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Krause\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6916-5781\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101850540\",\"display_name\":\"Ryan Wallace\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0587-8803\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065680812\",\"display_name\":\"Monnica T. Williams\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-3277\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110741678\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Reed\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045490544\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew D. Skinta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2365-6323\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764949934\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.11.002\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2984820573" }, { "id": 2322, "title": "Serotonergic hallucinogens/psychedelics could be promising treatments for depressive and anxiety disorders in end-stage cancer.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic hallucinogens psychedelics could be promising treatments for depressive and anxiety disorders in end stage cancer", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Bouso JC, Hallak JEC.", "abstract": "In a recent issue of the BMC Psychiatry, the evidence of effectiveness of treatments for psychiatric conditions in end-stage cancer patients was reviewed (Johnson, 2018). The review was comprehensive, and included traditional and non-traditional/alternative treatments, including herbal medicines and spirituality. However, evidence showing that classic or serotonergic hallucinogens/psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) could be effective treatments for depressive and anxiety disorders in end-stage cancer was not included. In this commentary, we expand the information available on the original article by briefly reviewing data from recent placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over clinical trials showing evidence that administration of single (or few) doses of LSD and psilocybin was associated with rapid and sustained reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with end-stage cancer and other life-threatening diseases (e.g., Bechterew's disease, Parkinson's disease, Celiac disease). Since these substances seem to produce rapid and sustained therapeutic effects with single (or few) doses and well tolerated, large-scale, prospective, multi-site studies of end-stage cancer and classical/serotonergic hallucinogens/psychedelics should be performed to improve our understanding of the therapeutic potentials of these drugs and their use on clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-10-27", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1186/s12888-019-2288-z", "pubmed_id": "31660905", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2288-z", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Prospective Studies, Double-Blind Method, Anxiety Disorders, Needs Assessment", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31660905\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3917, "title": "Psilocybin for Depression in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Early Alzheimer's Disease", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression in people with mild cognitive impairment or early alzheimer s disease", "authors": "Kernel Networks Inc.", "abstract": "", "journal": "Case Medical Research", "publication_date": "2019-10-09", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.31525/ct1-nct04123314", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31525/ct1-nct04123314", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, Hallucinogen, Disease, Cognition, Psychology, Depressive symptoms, Psychiatry, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4247147096\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4247147096\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Kernel Networks Inc.\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210239733\",\"source_display_name\":\"Case Medical Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31525/ct1-nct04123314\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4247147096" }, { "id": 3918, "title": "Modified E. coli pump out psilocybin", "normalized_title": "modified e coli pump out psilocybin", "authors": "Megha Satyanarayana", "abstract": "A team of researchers has turned Escherichia coli into tiny bioreactors that can manufacture large amounts of psilocybin, the ingredient in magic mushrooms that leads to their psychoactive effects (Metab. Eng. 2019, DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.09.009). With the compound in clinical trials for treating depression and other brain diseases, says J. Andrew Jones, the Miami University chemical engineer who led the work, scaled-up manufacturing processes may soon be needed to meet consumer demand. Scientists discovered psilocybin decades ago, but the enzymatic pathway that fungi use to make the molecule wasn’t described until 2017. That synthesis, scientists found, starts with a tryptophan-based compound and ends with a phosphorylated product. The phosphate on psilocybin is unstable, however, and in the human body, it’s stripped to make psilocin, which can cross the blood-brain barrier, Jones says. So getting that phosphate onto psilocybin is challenging with synthetic methods, he says, but “biology is good at adding", "journal": "C&EN Global Enterprise", "publication_date": "2019-10-06", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1021/cen-09739-scicon9", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09739-scicon9", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Computer science, Chemistry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2981873322\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2981873322\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103057976\",\"display_name\":\"Megha Satyanarayana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3741-9744\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210177211\",\"source_display_name\":\"C&EN Global Enterprise\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09739-scicon9\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2981873322" }, { "id": 1633, "title": "The psychedelic renaissance: the next trip for psychiatry?", "normalized_title": "the psychedelic renaissance the next trip for psychiatry", "authors": "Kelly JR, Baker A, Babiker M, Burke L, Brennan C, O'Keane V.", "abstract": "The psychedelic research renaissance is gaining traction. Preliminary clinical studies of the hallucinogenic fungi, psilocybin, with psychological support, have indicated improvements in mood, anxiety and quality of life. A seminal, open-label study demonstrated marked reductions in depression symptoms in participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The associated neurobiological processes involve alterations in brain connectivity, together with altered amygdala and default mode network activity. At the cellular level, psychedelics promote synaptogenesis and neural plasticity. Prompted by the promising preliminary studies, a randomized, double-blind trial has recently been launched across Europe and North America to investigate the efficacy of psilocybin in TRD. One of these centres is based in Ireland - CHO Area 7 and Tallaght University Hospital. The outcome of this trial will determine whether psilocybin with psychological support will successfully translate into the psychiatric clinic for the benefit of patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-09-22", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1017/ipm.2019.39", "pubmed_id": "31543078", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2019.39", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Double-Blind Method, Anxiety, Depressive Disorder, Psychiatry, Quality of Life, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:48:05", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31543078\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Neuroplasticity,Default Mode Network,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3920, "title": "Psilocybin for depression: Considerations for clinical trial design", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression considerations for clinical trial design", "authors": "Kelley C. O’Donnell, Sarah E. Mennenga, Michael P. Bogenschutz", "abstract": "Background and aims Given the enormous global burden of depressive illness, there is an urgent need to develop novel and more effective treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent findings have suggested that psychedelic drugs may have a role in the treatment of depressive symptoms, and a number of groups are in the process of developing protocols to study this question systematically. Given the subjective quality of both the psychedelic experience and depressive symptomatology, great care must be taken when designing a protocol to study the clinical efficacy of psychedelic drugs. This study will discuss many factors to consider when designing a clinical trial of psilocybin for MDD. Methods We provide a thorough review of pertinent research into antidepressant clinical trial methodology and review practical considerations that are relevant to the study of psychedelic-assisted treatment for depression. Results We discuss participant selection (including diagnostic accuracy, exclusion criteria, characteristics of the depressive episode, and the use of concurrent medications), study interventions (including dosing regimens, placebo selection, non-pharmacological components of treatment, and the importance of blinding), trial duration, outcome measures, and safety considerations. Conclusions Careful and transparent study design and data analysis will maximize the likelihood of generating meaningful, reproducible results, and identifying a treatment-specific effect. Meeting the highest standards for contemporary trial design may also broaden the acceptance of psychedelic research in the scientific community at large.", "journal": "Journal of Psychedelic Studies", "publication_date": "2019-08-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1556/2054.2019.026", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2019.026", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Blinding, Clinical trial, Major depressive disorder, Protocol (science), Psychological intervention, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Medicine, Clinical study design, Psychology, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Research design, Alternative medicine, Hallucinogen, Anxiety, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Social science, Sociology, Pathology, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2974814938\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2974814938\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":15,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1035028816\",\"https://openalex.org/W1730751745\",\"https://openalex.org/W1776258049\",\"https://openalex.org/W1908895882\",\"https://openalex.org/W1924546259\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964684482\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978384112\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002554882\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004762037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017854344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018351853\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018366064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023634568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023687307\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032318019\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033784736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034669884\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049695419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057880023\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063900798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066671649\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083644336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083894864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2084152792\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090339413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094608167\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101646907\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112249597\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117522474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120460120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124295269\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128603617\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139725402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2142133137\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146236789\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148083007\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148796661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153403353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159011576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169411569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171340584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2291794699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2296296811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318643681\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319165603\",\"https://openalex.org/W2326537158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340399189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410368260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2428332025\",\"https://openalex.org/W2438144546\",\"https://openalex.org/W2480021183\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590652160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757390367\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807830955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2894431596\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897080393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2942667518\",\"https://openalex.org/W2944263526\",\"https://openalex.org/W2952169207\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240995428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4245499518\",\"https://openalex.org/W6637688905\",\"https://openalex.org/W6696590373\",\"https://openalex.org/W6703672616\",\"https://openalex.org/W6717913965\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042151214\",\"display_name\":\"Kelley C. O’Donnell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9983-2699\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210226251\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychedelic Studies\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2019.026\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2974814938" }, { "id": 3287, "title": "Psilocybin exerts distinct effects on resting state networks associated with serotonin and dopamine in mice", "normalized_title": "psilocybin exerts distinct effects on resting state networks associated with serotonin and dopamine in mice", "authors": "Grandjean J, Buehlmann D, Buerge M, Sigrist H, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX, Pryce CR, Rudin M.", "abstract": "Hallucinogenic agents have been proposed as potent antidepressants; this includes the serotonin (5-HT) receptor 2A agonist psilocybin. In human subjects, psilocybin alters functional connectivity (FC) within the default-mode network (DMN), a constellation of inter-connected regions that is involved in self-reference and displays altered FC in depressive disorders. In this study we investigated the effects of psilocybin on FC in the analogue of the DMN in mouse, with a view to establishing an experimental animal model to investigate underlying mechanisms. Psilocybin effects were investigated in lightly-anaesthetized mice using resting-state fMRI. Dual-regression analysis identified reduced FC within the ventral striatum in psilocybin-relative to vehicle-treated mice. Refinement of the analysis using spatial references derived from both gene expression maps and viral tracer projection fields revealed two distinct effects of psilocybin: it increased FC between 5-HT-associated networks and elements of the murine DMN, thalamus, and midbrain; it decreased FC within dopamine (DA)-associated striatal networks. These results suggest that interaction between 5-HT- and DA-regulated neural networks contributes to the neural and therefore psychological effects of psilocybin. Furthermore, they highlight how information on molecular expression patterns and structural connectivity can assist in the interpretation of pharmaco-fMRI findings.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2019-08-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1101/751255", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/751255", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:49", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR90802\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Animal Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2330, "title": "Hallucinogens and Their Therapeutic Use: A Literature Review.", "normalized_title": "hallucinogens and their therapeutic use a literature review", "authors": "Begola MJ, Schillerstrom JE.", "abstract": "The exploration of possible therapeutic benefits of hallucinogenic substances has undergone a revitalization in the past decade. This literature review investigated the published literature regarding the psychotherapeutic uses of hallucinogens in psychiatric disorders. The results showed that a variety of substances have been evaluated in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including ayahuasca, ibogaine, ketamine, lysergic acid diethylamide, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and psilocybin. The conditions treated ranged from depression to autism, with the largest volume of research dedicated to substance use disorders. The majority of studies that were reviewed demonstrated significant associations with improvement in the conditions investigated. However, it was difficult to draw definitive conclusions as most studies suffered from small sample sizes, inconsistent measures, and poor study design. To properly assess the risks and potential benefits of hallucinogens in psychiatric treatment, there is a need for well designed, standardized studies that demonstrate the impact of hallucinogenic substances on psychiatric conditions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-08-31", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1097/pra.0000000000000409", "pubmed_id": "31505518", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/pra.0000000000000409", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Risk Assessment, Mental Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31505518\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2320, "title": "Classical psychedelics for the treatment of depression and anxiety: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "classical psychedelics for the treatment of depression and anxiety a systematic review", "authors": "Muttoni S, Ardissino M, John C.", "abstract": "BackgroundDepression and anxiety are prevalent psychiatric disorders that carry significant morbidity. Pharmacological and psychosocial interventions are used to manage these conditions, but their efficacy is limited. Recent interest into the use of psychedelic-assisted therapy using ayahuasca, psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may be a promising alternative for patients unresponsive to traditional treatments. This review aims to determine the efficacy and tolerability of psychedelics in the management of resistant depression.MethodsClinical trials investigating psychedelics in patients with depression and/or anxiety were searched via MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsychINFO. Efficacy was assessed by measuring symptom improvement from baseline, and tolerability was evaluated by noting the incidence and type of adverse effects reported. Risk of bias was assessed.ResultsSeven studies, with 130 patients, were analysed in this review. Three were conducted in patients with depression, two in patients with anxiety and two in patients with both. In a supportive setting, ayahuasca, psilocybin, and LSD consistently produced immediate and significant anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects that were endured for several months. Psychedelics were well-tolerated. The most common adverse effects were transient anxiety, short-lived headaches, nausea and mild increases in heart rate and blood pressure.LimitationsAt present, the number of studies on this subject is very limited; and the number of participating patients within these is also limited as the treatment under investigations is a relatively novel concept.ConclusionsThough further evidence is required, psychedelics appear to be effective in significantly reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety and are well-tolerated.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-07-29", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.076", "pubmed_id": "31382100", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.076", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Adult, Female, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31382100\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Headache / Migraine,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3926, "title": "The Potential of Psilocybin Administration in Terminal Cancer Patients", "normalized_title": "the potential of psilocybin administration in terminal cancer patients", "authors": "Richard Simoneaux", "abstract": "psilocybin; depression; terminal cancer; CME; CNE: psilocybin; depression; terminal cancer; CME; CNEPsilocybin is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in more than 200 species of mushrooms. This compound, which was first isolated by the Swiss chemist Albert Hofman in 1959, is the active constituent of psychedelic mushrooms which are thought to have been utilized by humans since prehistoric times. In vivo, psilocybin is converted by the liver to psilocin, which is in fact the active pharmacological agent. Mechanistically, psilocin is thought to function as a partial agonist to several serotonin receptors. In the 1960s, several different groups were performing research using psychedelic agents; however, these studies were drastically affected by the U.S. government's classification of both psilocybin and psilocin as Schedule I drugs in October 1970, though increasingly limited research continued at the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center until 1977. After a dormant period of 22 years, Roland Griffiths, PhD, and William Richards, PhD, successfully obtained federal and university clearances in 1999 to reinitiate human studies with psilocybin at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. In October 2018, the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression. “I am hopeful that the FDA's designation of psilocybin as a breakthrough therapy for treatment-resistant depression will allow greater exploration of psychedelic therapy in other patient populations,” stated Richards, who is a psychologist in the Psychiatry Department of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Bayview Medical Center. Phase II Study in Cancer Patients Many cancer patients experience psychological stress due to their diagnosis, which can result in clinically significant depression and/or anxiety. In a phase II clinical study (NCT00465595), supported by the Heffter Research Institute and performed at Johns Hopkins, researchers evaluated psilocybin in participants who had received a potentially life-threatening cancer diagnosis who also had anxiety and depressed mood (J Psychopharm 2016;30:1181-1197). In this double-blind study, patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to two different psilocybin dosing regimens: high dose (22 or 30 mg/70 kg) first followed by a low dose (1 or 3 mg/70 kg) or low dose first followed by a high dose. Initially, the high dose was 30 mg/70 kg; however, this was reduced to 22 mg/70 kg after two of the first three patients receiving the high dose were discontinued by the study personnel. The low dose of psilocybin was lowered to 1 mg/70 kg from 3 mg/70 kg after dosing 12 participants at the 3 mg level. This dose was altered because data from the same dose-effect study showed significant psilocybin effects at 5 mg/70 kg, and there was concern that 3 mg/70 kg might produce psychedelic effects in some research volunteers and not serve reliably as an inactive placebo. There were two primary therapeutic outcome measures which were utilized: the widely used GRID-HAMD-17 for depression and HAM-A assessed with the SIGH-A for anxiety. These measurements were taken at baseline, 5 weeks after each session, and at 6 months. In clinician-rated measures, clinical significance was noted for those responses with a 50 percent or greater decrease in measure with respect to baseline, while symptom remission was defined as a 50 percent or greater decrease in measure relative to baseline and a score of seven or less on the GRID-HAMD or HAM-A. This study, which included 51 patients (low/high-25; high/low-26), showed that, when administered in a psychologically supportive setting by properly trained personnel, a single dose of psilocybin can produce clinically significant responses, yielding substantial and enduring decreases in both depressed mood and anxiety. In addition, many of these cancer patients also reported increases in quality of life, as well as decreases in death anxiety. Enduring effects at 6 months were noted for the patients in assessments made by the patients, clinicians, and community observers. “At 6 months, the overall rate of clinical response for clinician-rated depression was 78 percent, while the figure for clinician-rated anxiety was 83 percent,” Richards noted. Two similar studies conducted at UCLA and New York University also reported positive findings. Pharmacokinetics Study An open-label phase I dose-escalation study (NCT02163707) evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of psilocybin in 12 healthy adult participants in sequential doses of 0.3, 0.45, and 0.6 mg/kg (Clin Pharmacokinet 2017;56:1543-1554). In preparation for receiving psilocybin, eligible healthy adults had between 6 and 8 hours of counseling prior to receiving their dosing. Psilocybin administration was performed at monthly intervals in a controlled environment with 24-hour monitoring. In some participants, an extended elimination phase was noted; this was postulated to be due to the hydrolysis of a key psilocin metabolite. An important observation was the fact that variability in psilocin clearance was not predicted by body weight. Importantly, no serious adverse events were noted during the course of this study. Using the pharmacokinetic parameters obtained, a 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin would produce a drug exposure that approximated the 0.3 mg/kg oral dose utilized in this study. Importantly, no serious physical or psychological effects were noted during or up to 30 days after any dose, even at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg, which is roughly double that likely to be used in a clinical setting. Future Studies A randomized, double-blind phase II clinical study (NCT03866174), which is being sponsored by the Usona Institute, is planned to include 80 participants from 21 to 65 years old who meet the criteria for major depressive disorder as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Stratification will be performed according to study site, with participants being randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a single oral dose of either 25 mg psilocybin or placebo (100 mg niacin). “The GMP quality psilocybin that will be used in this study was synthesized in a laboratory and does not come from mushrooms,” Richards noted. The primary outcome in this study is the difference in the centrally rated Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score between baseline and day 8 post-dose. This clinican-rated scale is designed to measure depression severity and to detect changes resulting from antidepressant therapy. The MADRS consists of 10 items, each being scored from 0 (if the item is not present or normal) to 6 (severe or continuous presence of the symptoms); with this scale, a higher score represents a more severe condition. Among the MADRS-derived secondary outcomes in this study were change in a centrally rated MADRS score from baseline to day 43 post-dose; sustained depressive symptom response, which is defined as a 50 percent or greater reduction from baseline in the centrally rated MADRS score at all post-dose assessments (at days 8, 15, 29, and 43 post-dose); and sustained depressive symptom remission, which is defined as a centrally rated MADRS score 10 or less at all post-dose assessments (at days 8, 15, 29, and 43 post-dose). An additional secondary outcome is the difference in the local investigator-assessed Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) scores between baseline and day 43 post-dose. The SDS, which consists of three self-rated items, is designed to gauge the degree to which a patient's life is affected by psychiatric symptoms, including depression. The study is estimated to start in September 2019 and expected to be completed by February 2021. In another phase IIb clinical study (NCT03775200), the safety and efficacy of psilocybin is being evaluated in patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. This trial, which is being conducted at treatment centers in North America and Europe, is planned to include 216 patients from 18 to 55 years of age. This study, which is quadruple-masked (patient, care provider, investigator, and outcomes assessor), includes three different treatment arms: low-dose psilocybin, medium-dose psilocybin, and high-dose psilocybin. The primary outcome measure in this trial is the MADRS, measured up to 12 weeks after dosing. Discussion When asked about his background with psilocybin therapy for cancer patients, Richards replied, “I treated my first cancer patient with psilocybin in 1967. Over the years, the responses that I have noted in cancer patients who have received psilocybin-based psychedelic therapy combined with counseling have been remarkably transformative.” Richards explained the procedure for prospective candidates receiving psychedelic therapy. “First, potential candidates for this therapy are screened to determine if this therapy would be appropriate for them. Next, the patient undergoes a total of 6-8 hours of counseling prior to being dosed with psilocybin. This counseling is extremely important, as it develops a sense of trust with the staff that will be present with the patient when they are under the influence of psilocybin, as well as prepare the participants for what they may experience during the dosing session. “It is essential that the patient establish a significant level of trust with the individuals who will be with them during the action of psilocybin, as that will put them at ease and allow them to be more open to their unfolding inner experiences; the ability to be at ease and open to the alternative states of consciousness is of paramount importance for the patient to derive the most benefit from the agent. Many [bad experiences] are often the result of the patient trying to be in control of the psychedelic experiences instead of allowing them to follow their own course.” Regarding the results he has personally observed, Richards stated, “The outcomes observed in our studies have been significantly transformative, with many patients showing positive effects many months after a single dose of psilocybin. In many instances, not only does the terminal cancer patient lose their fear of death, but they will actually take on the role of a counselor and help those grieving in their families to cope with their impending mortality. “The main thing that I would like to convey to clinicians is that the transformation that psilocybin ushers forth, which is often several months in length, is drawn from the patient's long-term memory, not the result of any lingering compound present in their system or continuing drug administration. When asked why psilocybin was still listed as a Schedule I substance, Richards replied rhetorically, “Now that is a very profound question, isn't it? The University of Wisconsin study showed that, in healthy adults, no serious psychological or physical effects were observed up to 30 days after dosing, even at supratherapeutic levels. “In terms of abuse potential, psilocybin is absolutely not habit-forming, does not result in physical dependence even with repeated use, and in my opinion has much less risk for overuse than the opioids which are routinely prescribed for pain management. That having been said, it is crucial that when someone takes psilocybin that they are in a safe environment in the company of appropriately trained professionals who can ensure their personal safety.” Summarizing, Richards stated, “Now is a very exciting time to be doing psychedelic research using psilocybin; the FDA's granting of Breakthrough Therapy designation for psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression is a noteworthy milestone which may eventually lead to the removal of its Schedule I classification. “I am hopeful that the results that have been obtained for cancer patients with psilocybin therapy and counseling may serve as a springboard to apply this treatment to others in need.” Richard Simoneaux is a contributing writer. Read This Article & Earn CME or CNE! Earn continuing education credit by completing a quiz about this article. You may read the article here or on our website, then complete the quiz, answering at least 70 percent of the questions correctly to earn credit. CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION INFORMATION FOR PHYSICIANS Visit http://CME.LWW.com for more information about this educational offering and to complete the CME activity. This enduring material is available to physicians in all specialties. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. This activity expires June 30, 2021. The cost of the exam is $10. The payment covers processing and certificate fees. PROVIDER ACCREDITATION INFORMATION FOR NURSES Lippincott Professional Development (LPD) will award 1.0 contact hour for this continuing nursing education activity. LPD is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP11749 for 1.0 contact hour. LWW is also an approved provider by the District of Columbia, Georgia, and Florida CE Broker #50-1223. Visit www.nursingcenter.com/ce for more information and to complete the CNE activity. Fee: $12.95. Deadline: June 4, 2021 For nurses who wish to take the test for CE contact hours, visit www.nursingcenter.com/ce. Learning Objectives for This Month's CME Activity: After participating in this CME/CNE activity, readers should be better able to: 1. Analyze outcomes observed in various studies that used psilocybin for patients with terminal cancer. 2.Outline the goals of future research that will treat terminal cancer patients with psilocybin. Disclosure: The author(s), faculty, staff, and planners, including spouses/partners (if any), in any position to control the content of this activity have disclosed that they have no financial relationships with, or financial interests in, any commercial companies relevant to this educational activity.", "journal": "Oncology Times", "publication_date": "2019-06-27", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1097/01.cot.0000574916.46844.cf", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000574916.46844.cf", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Hallucinogen, Depression (economics), Cancer, Medicine, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Psychology, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2956046898\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2956046898\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5070426634\",\"display_name\":\"Richard Simoneaux\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3505-057X\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210170078\",\"source_display_name\":\"Oncology Times\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000574916.46844.cf\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2956046898" }, { "id": 2319, "title": "Enzymatic Route toward 6-Methylated Baeocystin and Psilocybin", "normalized_title": "enzymatic route toward 6 methylated baeocystin and psilocybin", "authors": "Janis Fricke, Alexander M. Sherwood, Robert B. Kargbo, Andrew Orry, Felix Blei, Andreas Naschberger, Bernhard Rupp, Dirk Hoffmeister", "abstract": "Psilocybin and its direct precursor baeocystin are indole alkaloids of psychotropic Psilocybe mushrooms. The pharmaceutical interest in psilocybin as a treatment option against depression and anxiety is currently being investigated in advanced clinical trials. Here, we report a biocatalytic route to synthesize 6-methylated psilocybin and baeocystin from 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-l-tryptophan, which was decarboxylated and phosphorylated by the Psilocybe cubensis biosynthesis enzymes PsiD and PsiK. N-Methylation was catalyzed by PsiM. We further present an in silico structural model of PsiM that revealed a well-conserved SAM-binding core along with peripheral nonconserved elements that likely govern substrate preferences.", "journal": "ChemBioChem", "publication_date": "2019-05-30", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1002/cbic.201900358", "pubmed_id": "31150155", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201900358", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Enzyme, Indole test, Methylation, Chemistry, In silico, Biochemistry, Stereochemistry, Pharmacology, Biology, Hallucinogen, Gene, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2948005519\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":38,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W212243276\",\"https://openalex.org/W1533883995\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970015753\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981598408\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010624998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012142575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027638447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029087609\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037938638\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042374413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064468738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078935756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100071542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126698385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158122637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2542493272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585110642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775417640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2798565539\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801007779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2804822363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885449523\",\"https://openalex.org/W2900385456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252891280\",\"https://openalex.org/W6600158986\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046057419\",\"display_name\":\"Janis Fricke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-3185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5029982811\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander M. Sherwood\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-0791\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5090796568\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Kargbo\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5003667568\",\"display_name\":\"Andrew Orry\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088811388\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Blei\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3190-8684\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042780550\",\"display_name\":\"Andreas Naschberger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7275-5459\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068638612\",\"display_name\":\"Bernhard Rupp\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-6965\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S154285657\",\"source_display_name\":\"ChemBioChem\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201900358\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Epigenetics,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2948005519" }, { "id": 2334, "title": "Psilocybin lacks antidepressant-like effect in the Flinders Sensitive Line rat", "normalized_title": "psilocybin lacks antidepressant like effect in the flinders sensitive line rat", "authors": "Oskar Hougaard Jefsen, Kristoffer Højgaard, Sofie Laage Christiansen, Betina Elfving, David Nutt, Gregers Wegener, Heidi Kaastrup Müller", "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: Psilocybin is a serotonin receptor agonist with a therapeutic potential for treatment-resistant depression and other psychiatric illnesses. We investigated whether the administration of psilocybin had an antidepressant-like effect in a rat model of depression. METHODS: Using the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat model of depression, we assessed the antidepressant-like effect of psilocin and psilocybin, measured as a reduction in immobility time in the forced swim test (FST). We measured locomotor activity in an open field test (OFT) to control for stimulant properties of the drugs. We performed a set of experiments to test different doses, treatment paradigms, and timing of the tests in relation to the drug administration. RESULTS: Psilocin and psilocybin showed no effect on immobility, struggling, or swimming behaviour in the FST and no effect on locomotor activity in the OFT. FSL rats did show significantly more immobility than their control strain, the Flinders Resistant Line, as expected. CONCLUSION: Psilocin and psilocybin showed no antidepressant-like effect in the FSL rats, despite a positive effect in humans. This suggests that other animal models of depression and other behavioural tests may be more appropriate for translational studies in the effects of psilocybin.", "journal": "Acta Neuropsychiatrica", "publication_date": "2019-05-19", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1017/neu.2019.15", "pubmed_id": "31106729", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2019.15", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Antidepressant, Open field, Hallucinogen, Pharmacology, Behavioural despair test, Agonist, Treatment-resistant depression, Psychology, 5-HT receptor, Serotonin, Medicine, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Receptor, Neuroscience, Hippocampus, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2945318261\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":12,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":66,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W597915230\",\"https://openalex.org/W1941293036\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983083273\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986425243\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987523390\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995045083\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009632756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013598219\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023414423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044440339\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044704612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065121422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070722577\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071289935\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079092936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121160760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131786905\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132324173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144970933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167955809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171340584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173531201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2290466312\",\"https://openalex.org/W2318447563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2400771625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411979104\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2561419573\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590547542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2590821743\",\"https://openalex.org/W2596798372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2779386549\",\"https://openalex.org/W2793853595\",\"https://openalex.org/W2796940952\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801418002\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236670183\",\"https://openalex.org/W4236678791\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080789169\",\"display_name\":\"Oskar Hougaard Jefsen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-5158\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015051546\",\"display_name\":\"Kristoffer Højgaard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4869-3953\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019502815\",\"display_name\":\"Sofie Laage Christiansen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062999838\",\"display_name\":\"Betina Elfving\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6939-5088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012173155\",\"display_name\":\"Gregers Wegener\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0081-0068\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089941210\",\"display_name\":\"Heidi Kaastrup Müller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9842-8114\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S173281865\",\"source_display_name\":\"Acta Neuropsychiatrica\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2019.15\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Toxicity", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2945318261" }, { "id": 3935, "title": "T137. Psilocybin-Assisted Group Therapy for Demoralization in Long-Term AIDS Survivors", "normalized_title": "t137 psilocybin assisted group therapy for demoralization in long term aids survivors", "authors": "B. Anderson, Alicia Danforth, Robert B. Daroff, Christopher S. Stauffer, James Dilley, Jennifer Mitchell, Joshua Woolley", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2019-04-30", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.03.460", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.03.460", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Learned helplessness, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Anxiety, Psychiatry, Group psychotherapy, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2946285292\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2946285292\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009662036\",\"display_name\":\"B. Anderson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-660X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051293419\",\"display_name\":\"Alicia Danforth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-046X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033176865\",\"display_name\":\"Robert B. Daroff\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5077197149\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher S. Stauffer\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-095X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054356516\",\"display_name\":\"James Dilley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-0048\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078452831\",\"display_name\":\"Jennifer Mitchell\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7567-8129\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101826991\",\"display_name\":\"Joshua Woolley\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-2093\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.03.460\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2946285292" }, { "id": 2348, "title": "Serotonergic hallucinogens and recognition of facial emotion expressions: a systematic review of the literature.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic hallucinogens and recognition of facial emotion expressions a systematic review of the literature", "authors": "Rocha JM, Osório FL, Crippa JAS, Bouso JC, Rossi GN, Hallak JEC, Dos Santos RG.", "abstract": "BackgroundRecognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE) is a key aspect of social cognition. Anxiety and mood disorders are associated with deficits in REFE, and anxiolytics and antidepressants reverse these deficits. Recent studies have shown that serotonergic hallucinogens (i.e. ayahuasca, dimethyltryptamine, psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], and mescaline) have anxiolytic and antidepressant properties, but their effects on REFE are not well understood. The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic review analyzing the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens on REFE in humans.MethodsStudies published in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases until 19 October 2018 which analyzed the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens on REFE in humans were included.ResultsOf the 62 studies identified, 8 studies were included. Included studies involved the administration of a single or a few doses of LSD or psilocybin, and most trials were randomized and controlled with placebo. LSD and psilocybin reduced the recognition of negative emotions in most studies and modulated amygdala activity to these stimuli, which was correlated with antidepressive effects in patients. Both drugs were well tolerated.ConclusionsSerotonergic hallucinogens reduced the recognition of negative emotions by modulating amygdala activity. Despite the small sample sizes, results suggest that serotonergic hallucinogens show promising beneficial effects on deficits in REFE.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-04-25", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1177/2045125319845774", "pubmed_id": "31065350", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125319845774", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31065350\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2987, "title": "Rapid-acting antidepressants.", "normalized_title": "rapid acting antidepressants", "authors": "Witkin JM, Martin AE, Golani LK, Xu NZ, Smith JL.", "abstract": "Conventional antidepressants (biogenic amine mechanisms) are not fully efficacious (e.g., symptoms remain after treatment, not all patients respond), produce effects only after weeks of daily dosing, and do not impact all disease symptoms. In contrast, a new class of antidepressants has been emerging since 2006 that has demonstrated rapid onset, large effect size, activity after only a single or few dose applications, and positive impact in treatment refractory patients and against some treatment-resistant symptoms (e.g., anhedonia). Rapid-acting antidepressant drug action has been demonstrated in controlled clinical studies for ketamine, a few other NMDA receptor antagonists, and scopolamine. Less clinical data are currently available for psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and ayahuasca. The mechanisms of action of rapid-acting antidepressants are not fully understood. However, a general triggering mechanism appears to involve the potentiation of AMPA receptor function. Although the durability of antidepressant effects of ketamine and scopolamine is limited, psychedelic drugs have been reported to produce effects for many months. The primary impediment to generating a medicine of this type for depressed patients is side effects and the lack of methods to ensure enduring antidepressant effects. Thus, further exploration of drug possibilities continues. Esketamine ((S)-ketamine) was recently FDA approved. Compounds currently in clinical development include the NMDA receptor antagonist (R)-ketamine, the NMDA receptor modulator, GLYX-13 (Rapastinel), and the AMPA receptor potentiator TAK-653. Additional pharmacological classes have produced effects in the preclinical laboratory to suggest their potential as rapid-acting agents. These include mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists, AMPA receptor potentiators, and negative allosteric modulators of GABAA(α5) receptors. In all cases, molecules exist that could be used to provide clinical proof of concept testing.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-04-23", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/bs.apha.2019.03.002", "pubmed_id": "31378256", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apha.2019.03.002", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Receptors, Muscarinic, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Muscarinic Antagonists, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 07:01:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"31378256\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3942, "title": "A Study of Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)", "normalized_title": "a study of psilocybin for major depressive disorder mdd", "authors": "Kernel Networks Inc.", "abstract": "", "journal": "Case Medical Research", "publication_date": "2019-03-06", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.31525/ct1-nct03866174", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31525/ct1-nct03866174", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Major depressive disorder, Psychology, Psychiatry, Depression (economics), Clinical psychology, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4235066019\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4235066019\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":3,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Kernel Networks Inc.\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210239733\",\"source_display_name\":\"Case Medical Research\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.31525/ct1-nct03866174\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4235066019" }, { "id": 2354, "title": "Sub-Acute Effects of Psilocybin on Empathy, Creative Thinking, and Subjective Well-Being", "normalized_title": "sub acute effects of psilocybin on empathy creative thinking and subjective well being", "authors": "Natasha L. Mason, Elisabeth Mischler, Malin V. Uthaug, Kim P. C. Kuypers", "abstract": "Creative thinking and empathy are crucial for everyday interactions and subjective well-being. This is emphasized by studies showing a reduction in these skills in populations where social interaction and subjective well-being are significantly compromised (e.g., depression). Anecdotal reports and recent studies suggest that a single administration of psilocybin can enhance such processes and could therefore be a potential treatment. However, it has yet to be assessed whether effects outlast acute intoxication. The present study aimed to assess the sub-acute effects of psilocybin on creative thinking, empathy, and well-being. Participants attending a psilocybin retreat completed tests of creative (convergent and divergent) thinking and empathy, and the satisfaction with life scale on three occasions: before ingesting psilocybin (N = 55), the morning after (N = 50), and seven days after (N = 22). Results indicated that psilocybin enhanced divergent thinking and emotional empathy the morning after use. Enhancements in convergent thinking, valence-specific emotional empathy, and well-being persisted seven days after use. Sub-acute changes in empathy correlated with changes in well-being. The study demonstrates that a single administration of psilocybin in a social setting may be associated with sub-acute enhancement of creative thinking, empathy, and subjective well-being. Future research should test whether these effects contribute to the therapeutic effects in clinical populations.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2019-02-25", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2019.1580804", "pubmed_id": "30905276", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2019.1580804", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Empathy, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Developmental psychology, Psychotherapist, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health Research Topics, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2917218353\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":175,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W85091029\",\"https://openalex.org/W563138297\",\"https://openalex.org/W1560535222\",\"https://openalex.org/W1562947050\",\"https://openalex.org/W1814107227\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976432965\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978041838\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989272521\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999676921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001594024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003037222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012295155\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012860496\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013250252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015611502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017810409\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018343155\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019602329\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022115750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025638537\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041795063\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048501566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060762300\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061285076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067074477\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073612520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074503869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083205008\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087252276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088779903\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093943230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100291730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100834566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106928369\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107326281\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111920357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123163295\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124500364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127572868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127903796\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128225224\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137597447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143918822\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158480578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165032621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170811861\",\"https://openalex.org/W2201749447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2216930413\",\"https://openalex.org/W2292804940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2306810735\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412432222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413573456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492489237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2536565412\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2604124685\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766061290\",\"https://openalex.org/W2790867612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801155756\",\"https://openalex.org/W2885455509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951080359\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124281538\",\"https://openalex.org/W3124410800\",\"https://openalex.org/W3146361359\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230022820\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041055116\",\"display_name\":\"Natasha L. Mason\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-0389\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001586879\",\"display_name\":\"Elisabeth Mischler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079069147\",\"display_name\":\"Malin V. Uthaug\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7903-1325\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024651565\",\"display_name\":\"Kim P. C. Kuypers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-3809\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2019.1580804\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Creativity,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2917218353" }, { "id": 2343, "title": "Pharmacological interventions targeting anhedonia in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "pharmacological interventions targeting anhedonia in patients with major depressive disorder a systematic review", "authors": "Cao B, Zhu J, Zuckerman H, Rosenblat JD, Brietzke E, Pan Z, Subramanieapillai M, Park C, Lee Y, McIntyre RS.", "abstract": "Anhedonia is defined as a diminished ability to experience interest or pleasure, and is a critical psychopathological dimension of major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of the current systematic review is to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of pharmacological treatments on measures of anhedonia in adults with MDD. Electronic databases Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to June 1, 2018 for longitudinal studies utilizing pharmacotherapy for the treatment of anhedonia in patients with MDD. A total of 17 eligible studies were identified (i.e., evaluated the effects of pharmacotherapy on a measure of anhedonia). Among the identified studies, the efficacy of 14 different pharmacotherapies on measures of anhedonia were evaluated, including melatonergic agents (i.e. agomelatine), monoaminergic agents (i.e. moclobemide, clomipramine, bupropion, venlafaxine, fluoxetine, amitifadine and levomilnacipran, escitalopram, and sertraline), glutamatergic agents (i.e., ketamine and riluzole), stimulants (i.e., methylphenidate), and psychedelics (i.e., psilocybin). Based on the available evidence, most antidepressants demonstrated beneficial effects on measures of anhedonia as well as the other depressive symptoms. Only escitalopram/riluzole combination treatment was ineffective in treating symptoms of anhedonia in MDD. Continued research is warranted to further support the efficacy of mechanistically-distinct antidepressants in treating symptoms of anhedonia in MDD. Future research should also aim to parse out the heterogeneous effects of different pharmacotherapies on anhedonic symptoms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-01-02", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.01.002", "pubmed_id": "30611836", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.01.002", "keywords": "Humans, Antidepressive Agents, Anhedonia, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30611836\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3732, "title": "Microdosing psychedelics: personality, mental health, and creativity differences in microdosers.", "normalized_title": "microdosing psychedelics personality mental health and creativity differences in microdosers", "authors": "Anderson T, Petranker R, Rosenbaum D, Weissman CR, Dinh-Williams LA, Hui K, Hapke E, Farb NAS.", "abstract": "RationaleMicrodosing psychedelics-the regular consumption of small amounts of psychedelic substances such as LSD or psilocybin-is a growing trend in popular culture. Recent studies on full-dose psychedelic psychotherapy reveal promising benefits for mental well-being, especially for depression and end-of-life anxiety. While full-dose therapies include perception-distorting properties, microdosing mayprovide complementary clinical benefits using lower-risk, non-hallucinogenic doses.ObjectivesThis pre-registered study aimed to investigate whether microdosing psychedelics is related to differences in personality, mental health, and creativity.MethodsIn this observational study, respondents recruited from online forums self-reported their microdosing behaviors and completed questionnaires concerning dysfunctional attitudes, wisdom, negative emotionality, open-mindedness, and mood. Respondents also performed the Unusual Uses Task to assess their creativity.ResultsCurrent and former microdosers scored lower on measures of dysfunctional attitudes (p < 0.001, r = - 0.92) and negative emotionality (p = 0.009, r = - 0.85) and higher on wisdom (p < 0.001, r = 0.88), openmindedness(p = 0.027, r = 0.67), and creativity (p < 0.001, r = 0.15) when compared to non-microdosing controls.ConclusionsThese findings provide promising initial evidence that warrants controlled experimental research to directly test safety and clinical efficacy. As microdoses are easier to administer than full-doses, this new paradigm has the exciting potential to shape future psychedelic research.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2019-01-01", "publication_year": 2019, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-018-5106-2", "pubmed_id": "30604183", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-018-5106-2", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Depression, Emotions, Anxiety, Personality, Mental Health, Perception, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Adult, Female, Male, Creativity, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:08:44", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30604183\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Creativity,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3958, "title": "THE POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC VALUE OF PSILOCYBIN: In Relation to Depression", "normalized_title": "the potential therapeutic value of psilocybin in relation to depression", "authors": "Isabella Stendahl", "abstract": "Depression is one of the most disabling and prevalent mental disorders, which causes excessive feelings of sadness and despair. Unfortunately, there are a substantial number of patients that do not respond well to conventional interventions and new approaches are therefore needed. Recent studies have revealed that psilocybin can effectively reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, particularly when combined with psychological support. It has been further suggested that psilocybin can reduce symptoms of alcohol abuse, cluster headaches and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Results have shown that psilocybin can give long-lasting beneficial changes in mood, behavior, values, and attitudes. Psilocybin enables creative thinking and increases emotional access, which seems suitable for therapeutic implications. Neuroimaging studies have shown that psilocybin alters similar neural networks to those in depressed patients, in particular: the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and the amygdala. The mechanisms behind the clinical improvements are still poorly understood. Using psilocybin for clinical purposes is controversial since it is categorized as a Schedule I substance, although the drug is not physically addictive nor harmful and has low abuse potential. Recent studies have demonstrated that psilocybin has clinical potential and is safe to use in supervised settings.", "journal": "Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)", "publication_date": "2018-12-31", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17749", "keywords": "Sadness, Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Feeling, Psychology, Psychiatry, Value (mathematics), Psychotherapist, Social psychology, Anger, Hallucinogen, Machine learning, Computer science, Economics, Macroeconomics, Mental Health Research Topics", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3045370936\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3045370936\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074954941\",\"display_name\":\"Isabella Stendahl\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306400653\",\"source_display_name\":\"Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17749\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Headache / Migraine,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Emotional Processing,Creativity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3045370936" }, { "id": 3952, "title": "Psilocybin induces aberrant prediction error processing for tactile mismatch responses", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induces aberrant prediction error processing for tactile mismatch responses", "authors": "P. Dürler", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2018-12-31", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.11.477", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.11.477", "keywords": "Baclofen, Psychology, Reinforcement, Reinforcement learning, Addiction, Neuroscience, Agonist, GABAB receptor, Craving, Medicine, Receptor, Internal medicine, Computer science, Artificial intelligence, Social psychology, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-02 20:42:13", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2912928498\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2912928498\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2180876467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2345771415\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059673219\",\"display_name\":\"P. Dürler\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.11.477\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2912928498" }, { "id": 2353, "title": "Might Microdosing Psychedelics Be Safe and Beneficial? An Initial Exploration.", "normalized_title": "might microdosing psychedelics be safe and beneficial an initial exploration", "authors": "Fadiman J, Korb S", "abstract": "Albert Hoffman suggested that low doses of LSD might be an appropriate alternative to Ritalin. Following this possibility, a systematic exploration of the effects of \"microdoses,\" comprising hundreds of lengthy descriptive reports, was undertaken. Based on these reports, using a psychedelic in the microdose range (10 micrograms) every three days was determined to be safe across a wide variety of individuals and conditions. Over 18 months, more than a thousand individuals from 59 countries did a daily evaluation of negative and positive emotional state using the PANAS checklist plus written reports for between one week and four months. Participant reports suggested that spaced but repeated microdoses were followed by improvements in negative moods, especially depression, and increases in positive moods. Increased energy, improved work effectiveness, and improved health habits were observed in clinical and non-clinical populations. Smaller samples described alleviation of symptoms in migraine headaches, pre-menstrual syndromes, traumatic brain injury, shingles, and other conditions not previously associated with psychedelic use.", "journal": "Journal of psychoactive drugs", "publication_date": "2018-12-31", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2019.1593561", "pubmed_id": "30925850", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30925850/", "keywords": "LSD, Psychedelics, microdosing, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:40", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"30925850\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Headache / Migraine,Microdosing,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2329, "title": "Self-Rated Effectiveness of Microdosing With Psychedelics for Mental and Physical Health Problems Among Microdosers.", "normalized_title": "self rated effectiveness of microdosing with psychedelics for mental and physical health problems among microdosers", "authors": "Hutten NRPW, Mason NL, Dolder PC, Kuypers KPC", "abstract": "There is a growing interest in the use of psychedelic substances for health related purposes, including symptom relief for disorders like anxiety, depression, and pain. Although the focus of recent clinical trials has been on high doses of these substances, anecdotal evidence suggests that low (micro) doses are also effective, and may be more suitable for certain conditions. Nonetheless, empirical evidence regarding the efficacy of microdosing with psychedelics for symptomatic relief is lacking. The present study aimed to investigate, by means of an online questionnaire, the self-rated effectiveness (SRE) of microdosing with psychedelics (MDP) for mental and physiological disorders compared to the conventional prescribed treatment and to regular doses of psychedelics. An online questionnaire was launched on several websites and fora between March and July 2018. Respondents who had consented, were 18 years of age or older, had experience with microdosing and were diagnosed with at least one mental or physiological disorder by a medical doctor or therapist ( = 410; 7.2%) were included in the analyses. Odds ratio were calculated to compare the SRE of MDP with conventional treatment, and regular psychedelic doses for mental and physiological diagnoses for each of the three effectiveness questions (\"Did it work,\" \"Symptom disappear,\" \"Quality of life improved\"). Odds ratio showed that SRE of MDP was significantly higher compared to that of conventional treatments for both mental and physiological diagnoses; and that these effects were specific for ADHD/ADD and anxiety disorders. In contrast, SRE of MDP was lower compared to that of higher, regular psychedelic doses for mental disorders such as anxiety and depression, while for physiological disorders no difference was shown. This study demonstrates that SRE of MDP to alleviate symptoms of a range of mental or physiological diagnoses is higher compared to conventionally offered treatment options, and lower than regular ('full') psychedelic doses. Future RCTs in patient populations should objectively assess the effectivity claims of psychedelics, and whether these are dose related, disorder specific, and superior to conventional treatments.", "journal": "Frontiers in psychiatry", "publication_date": "2018-12-31", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00672", "pubmed_id": "31572246", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31572246/", "keywords": "LSD, efficacy, microdosing, psilocybin, psychedelics, self-medication, symptom alleviation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:40", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"31572246\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Microdosing,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2347, "title": "Classic psychedelics: An integrative review of epidemiology, therapeutics, mystical experience, and brain network function.", "normalized_title": "classic psychedelics an integrative review of epidemiology therapeutics mystical experience and brain network function", "authors": "Johnson MW, Hendricks PS, Barrett FS, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrative review and offer novel insights regarding human research with classic psychedelics (classic hallucinogens), which are serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonists such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, and psilocybin. Classic psychedelics have been administered as sacraments since ancient times. They were of prominent interest within psychiatry and neuroscience in the 1950s to 1960s, and during this time contributed to the emergence of the field of molecular neuroscience. Promising results were reported for treatment of both end-of-life psychological distress and addiction, and classic psychedelics served as tools for studying the neurobiological bases of psychological disorders. Moreover, classic psychedelics were shown to occasion mystical experiences, which are subjective experiences reported throughout different cultures and religions involving a strong sense of unity, among other characteristics. However, the recreational use of classic psychedelics and their association with the counterculture prompted an end to human research with classic psychedelics in the early 1970s. We provide the most comprehensive review of epidemiological studies of classic psychedelics to date. Notable among these are a number of studies that have suggested the possibility that nonmedical naturalistic (non-laboratory) use of classic psychedelics is associated with positive mental health and prosocial outcomes, although it is clear that some individuals are harmed by classic psychedelics in non-supervised settings. We then review recent therapeutic studies suggesting efficacy in treating psychological distress associated with life-threatening diseases, treating depression, and treating nicotine and alcohol addictions. We also describe the construct of mystical experience, and provide a comprehensive review of modern studies investigating classic psychedelic-occasioned mystical experiences and their consequences. These studies have shown classic psychedelics to fairly reliably occasion mystical experiences. Moreover, classic-psychedelic-occasioned mystical experiences are associated with improved psychological outcomes in both healthy volunteer and patient populations. Finally, we review neuroimaging studies that suggest neurobiological mechanisms of classic psychedelics. These studies have also broadened our understanding of the brain, the serotonin system, and the neurobiological basis of consciousness. Overall, these various lines of research suggest that classic psychedelics might hold strong potential as therapeutics, and as tools for experimentally investigating mystical experiences and behavioral-brain function more generally.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-12-03", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.11.010", "pubmed_id": "30521880", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.11.010", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Mysticism, Epidemiological Monitoring", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30521880\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging,Mystical Experience,Review Article,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2361, "title": "Production Options for Psilocybin: Making of the Magic.", "normalized_title": "production options for psilocybin making of the magic", "authors": "Fricke J, Lenz C, Wick J, Blei F, Hoffmeister D.", "abstract": "The fungal genus Psilocybe and other genera comprise numerous mushroom species that biosynthesize psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine). It represents the prodrug to its dephosphorylated psychotropic analogue, psilocin. The colloquial term \"magic mushrooms\" for these fungi alludes to their hallucinogenic effects and to their use as recreational drugs. However, clinical trials have recognized psilocybin as a valuable candidate to be developed into a medication against depression and anxiety. We here highlight its recently elucidated biosynthesis, the concurrently developed concept of enzymatic in vitro and heterologous in vivo production, along with previous synthetic routes. The prospect of psilocybin as a promising therapeutic may entail an increased demand, which can be met by biotechnological production. Therefore, we also briefly touch on psilocybin's therapeutic relevance and pharmacology.", "journal": "Chemistry - A European Journal", "publication_date": "2018-11-14", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1002/chem.201802758", "pubmed_id": "30011099", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201802758", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30011099\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2884828036\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":14,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":52,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1533883995\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966988083\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999999921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004626255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010624998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011094444\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012142575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018061252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064468738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072796170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074715304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088990812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094947385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102284364\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112496846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126698385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143851206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154524838\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2256742438\",\"https://openalex.org/W2297439341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2331665176\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2465873216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2562613841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2622982732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753941774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2775417640\",\"https://openalex.org/W2803234722\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950394635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2951809594\",\"https://openalex.org/W4239785504\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046057419\",\"display_name\":\"Janis Fricke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-3185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103876089\",\"display_name\":\"Claudius Lenz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026941467\",\"display_name\":\"Jonas Wick\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088811388\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Blei\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3190-8684\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S68911691\",\"source_display_name\":\"Chemistry - A European Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201802758\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2884828036" }, { "id": 2371, "title": "Psychedelic drugs in the treatment of anxiety, depression and addiction.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs in the treatment of anxiety depression and addiction", "authors": "Kvam TM, Stewart LH, Andreassen OA.", "abstract": "BakgrunnDet er økt interesse for psykedeliske stoffer til bruk i behandling av psykiske lidelser. Stoffene regnes som trygge når de gis innenfor en klinisk ramme. Eldre studier fra før 1970 har metodologiske svakheter, men i de senere år har det kommet lovende resultater fra bruk ved unipolar depresjon, depresjon ved livstruende sykdom, angst og avhengighet. Formålet med denne litteraturgjennomgangen er å gi en oversikt over nyere resultater og disse studienes begrensninger.KunnskapsgrunnlagVi søkte i databasen PubMed etter kliniske studier fra perioden 1990-2017 med søkeordene angst, depresjon, avhengighet og psykedeliske stoffer. Kvaliteten på studiene ble så vurdert ut ifra metode og styrkeberegning.ResultaterSøket ga 424 artikler, hvorav ni ble inkludert (fire om angst og depresjon ved livstruende sykdom, to om depresjon, to om avhengighetslidelse og én om tvangslidelse). To dobbeltblinde, randomiserte, kontrollerte fase II-studier med et moderat antall pasienter fant umiddelbar, markert og vedvarende effekt av én enkeltdose psilocybin mot angst og depresjon ved livstruende sykdom. De andre studiene hadde mer usikre resultater. Det var ingen alvorlige bivirkninger eller rapportering om avhengighet.FortolkningPsykedeliske stoffer i behandling av flere psykiske lidelser har vist lovende resultater, men studiene er små og har metodologiske utfordringer. Det er behov for systematiske kliniske studier for å skaffe solid dokumentasjon for effekt og etablere rutiner for overvåkning av mulige bivirkninger.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-11-11", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.4045/tidsskr.17.1110", "pubmed_id": "30421744", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.17.1110", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30421744\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Biomarkers,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3405, "title": "Microdosing Psychedelics: Personality, mental health, and creativity differences in microdosers", "normalized_title": "microdosing psychedelics personality mental health and creativity differences in microdosers", "authors": "Anderson T, Petranker R, Rosenbaum D, Weissman C, Dinh-Williams L, Hui K, Hapke E, Farb NAS.", "abstract": "Microdosing psychedelics - the regular consumption of small amounts of psychedelic substances such as LSD or psilocybin - is a growing trend in popular culture. Recent studies on full-dose psychedelic psychotherapy reveal promising benefits for mental well-being, especially for depression and end-of-life anxiety. While full-dose therapies include perception-distorting properties, microdosing may provide complementary clinical benefits using lower-risk, non-hallucinogenic doses. No experimental study has evaluated psychedelic microdosing, however; this pre-registered study is the first to investigate microdosing psychedelics and mental health. Recruited from online forums, current and former microdosers scored lower on measures of dysfunctional attitudes and negative emotionality and higher on wisdom, open-mindedness, and creativity when compared to non-microdosing controls. These findings provide promising initial evidence that warrants controlled experimental research to directly test safety and clinical efficacy. As microdoses are easier to administer than full-doses, this new paradigm has the exciting potential to shape future psychedelic research.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2018-11-01", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/gk4jd", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gk4jd", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:52", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR333294\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"PsyArXiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Creativity,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2360, "title": "Microdosing Psychedelics: Personality, mental health, and creativity differences in microdosers", "normalized_title": "microdosing psychedelics personality mental health and creativity differences in microdosers", "authors": "", "abstract": "Microdosing psychedelics - the regular consumption of small amounts of psychedelic substances such as LSD or psilocybin - is a growing trend in popular culture. Recent studies on full-dose psychedelic psychotherapy reveal promising benefits for mental well-being, especially for depression and end-of-life anxiety. While full-dose therapies include perception-distorting properties, microdosing may provide complementary clinical benefits using lower-risk, non-hallucinogenic doses. No experimental study has evaluated psychedelic microdosing, however; this pre-registered study is the first to investigate microdosing psychedelics and mental health. Recruited from online forums, current and former microdosers scored lower on measures of dysfunctional attitudes and negative emotionality and higher on wisdom, open-mindedness, and creativity when compared to non-microdosing controls. These findings provide promising initial evidence that warrants controlled experimental research to directly test safety and clinical efficacy. As microdoses are easier to administer than full-doses, this new paradigm has the exciting potential to shape future psychedelic research.", "journal": "PsyArXiv", "publication_date": "2018-11-01", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/gk4jd_v1", "keywords": "microdosing, preregistered, psychedelics, Psychiatry, Life Sciences", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PsyArXiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:30", "raw_json": "{\"osf_id\":\"gk4jd_v1\",\"version\":1,\"reviews_state\":\"accepted\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Microdosing,Wellbeing,Personality Change,Emotional Processing,Creativity,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2385, "title": "More Realistic Forecasting of Future Life Events After Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "more realistic forecasting of future life events after psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Lyons T, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Background: Evidence suggests that classical psychedelics can promote enduring changes in personality, attitudes and optimism, as well as improvements in mental health outcomes. Aim: To investigate the effects of a composite intervention, involving psilocybin, on pessimism biases in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods: Patients with TRD (n = 15) and matched, untreated non-depressed controls (n = 15) performed the Prediction Of Future Life Events (POFLE) task. The POFLE task requires participants to predict the likelihood of certain life events occurring within a 30-day period, after which the actual rate of event occurrence is reported; this gives an index of potential pessimism versus optimism bias. Psilocybin was administered in two oral dosing sessions (10 and 25 mg) one week apart. Main outcome measures were collected at baseline and one week after the second dosing session. Results: Patients showed a significant pessimism bias at baseline [t(14) = -3.260, p = 0.006; 95% CI (-0.16, -0.03), g = 1.1] which was related to the severity of their depressive symptoms (rs = -0.55, p = 0.017). One week after psilocybin treatment, this bias was significantly decreased [t(14) = -2.714, p = 0.017; 95% CI (-0.21, -0.02), g = 0.7] and depressive symptoms were greatly improved [t(14) = 7.900, p < 0.001; 95% CI (16.17, 28.23), g = 1.9]; moreover, the magnitude of change in both variables was significantly correlated (r = -0.57, p = 0.014). Importantly, post treatment, patients became significantly more accurate at predicting the occurrence of future life events [t(14) = 1.857, p = 0.042; 95% CI (-0.01, 0.12), g = 0.6] whereas no such change was observed in the control subjects. Conclusion: These findings suggest that psilocybin with psychological support might correct pessimism biases in TRD, enabling a more positive and accurate outlook.", "journal": "Frontiers in Psychology", "publication_date": "2018-10-11", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01721", "pubmed_id": "30369890", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01721", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30369890\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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Lyons\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3118-7344\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S9692511\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01721\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Personality Change,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2889504249" }, { "id": 2380, "title": "DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Ibogaine.", "normalized_title": "dark classics in chemical neuroscience ibogaine", "authors": "Wasko MJ, Witt-Enderby PA, Surratt CK.", "abstract": "The West African iboga plant has been used for centuries by the Bwiti and Mbiri tribes to induce hallucinations during religious ceremonies. Ibogaine, the principal alkaloid responsible for iboga's psychedelic properties, was isolated and sold as an antidepressant in France for decades before its adverse effects precipitated its removal from the market. An ibogaine resurgence in the 1960s was driven by U.S. heroin addicts who claimed that ibogaine cured their opiate addictions. Behavioral pharmacologic studies in animal models provided evidence that ibogaine could blunt self-administration of not only opiates but cocaine, amphetamines, and nicotine. Ibogaine displays moderate-to-weak affinities for a wide spectrum of receptor and transporter proteins; recent work suggests that its actions at nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes may underlie its reputed antiopiate effects. At micromolar levels, ibogaine is neurotoxic and cardiotoxic and has been linked to several deaths by cardiac arrest. Structure-activity studies led to the isolation of the ibogaine analog 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), an α3β4 nicotinic receptor modulator that retains ibogaine's anticraving properties with few or no adverse effects. Clinical trials of 18-MC treatment of nicotine addiction are pending. Ibogaine analogs may also hold promise for treating anxiety and depression via the \"psychedelic-assisted therapy\" approach that employs hallucinogens including psilocybin and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (\"ecstasy\").", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-10-08", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00294", "pubmed_id": "30216039", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00294", "keywords": "Humans, Tabernaemontana, Substance-Related Disorders, Ibogaine, Receptors, Nicotinic, Hallucinogens, Structure-Activity Relationship, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Cardiotoxicity", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30216039\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2433, "title": "d-Lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, and other classic hallucinogens: Mechanism of action and potential therapeutic applications in mood disorders.", "normalized_title": "d lysergic acid diethylamide psilocybin and other classic hallucinogens mechanism of action and potential therapeutic applications in mood disorders", "authors": "De Gregorio D, Enns JP, Nuñez NA, Posa L, Gobbi G.", "abstract": "Depression and anxiety are psychiatric diagnoses commonly associated with low quality of life and low percentage of responsiveness by patients treated with currently available drugs. Thus, research into alternative compounds to treat these disorders is essential to guarantee a patient's remission. The last decade has witnessed a revamped interest for the application of psychedelic medicine for the treatment of mental disorders due to anecdotal reports and clinical studies which show that low doses of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin may have antidepressant effects. LSD and psilocybin have demonstrated mood-modulating properties likely due to their capacity to modulate serotonergic (5-HT), dopaminergic (DA) and glutamatergic systems. LSD, belonging to the category of \"classic halluginogens,\" interacts with the 5-HT system through 5HT1A, and 5HT2A receptors, with the DA system through D2 receptors, and indirectly also the glutamatergic neurotransmission thought the recruitment of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Randomized clinical studies have confirmed its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in humans. Thus, in this chapter, we will review the pharmacology of psychedelic drugs, report the most striking clinical evidence which substantiate the therapeutic potentials of these fascinating compounds in mood disorders, and look into the horizon of where psychedelic medicine is heading.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-08-30", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.07.008", "pubmed_id": "30471683", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.07.008", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Mood Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30471683\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2389, "title": "Efficacy, tolerability, and safety of serotonergic psychedelics for the management of mood, anxiety, and substance-use disorders: a systematic review of systematic reviews.", "normalized_title": "efficacy tolerability and safety of serotonergic psychedelics for the management of mood anxiety and substance use disorders a systematic review of systematic reviews", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Bouso JC, Alcázar-Córcoles MÁ, Hallak JEC.", "abstract": "IntroductionMood, anxiety, and substance-use disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the population. Although several pharmacological treatments are available, they are not effective for a significant proportion of patients and are associated with several adverse reactions. Therefore, new treatments should be explored. Recent studies suggest that serotonergic hallucinogens/psychedelics including ayahuasca, psilocybin, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have anxiolytic, antidepressive, and antiaddictive effects. Areas Covered: A systematic review of systematic reviews assessing the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of serotonergic hallucinogens/psychedelic was performed using the PubMed data base until 11 April 2018. Systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis were analyzed, but only reviews that described at least one randomized controlled trial (RCT) were included. Expert Commentary: Psilocybin and LSD reduced anxiety and depression in cancer patients and symptoms of alcohol and tobacco dependence, and ayahuasca reduced depression symptoms in treatment-resistant depression. Although the results are promising, several studies were open label, and only few were RCTs, and most had small sample sizes and a short duration. Single or few doses of these drugs seem to be well tolerated, but long-term studies are lacking. New RCTs with bigger samples and longer duration are needed to replicate these findings.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-08-22", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1080/17512433.2018.1511424", "pubmed_id": "30102078", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2018.1511424", "keywords": "Humans, Banisteriopsis, Substance-Related Disorders, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30102078\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial,Meta-Analysis,Systematic Review,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2395, "title": "Psychedelics as anti-inflammatory agents.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics as anti inflammatory agents", "authors": "Flanagan TW, Nichols CD.", "abstract": "Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)2A receptor agonists have recently emerged as promising new treatment options for a variety of disorders. The recent success of these agonists, also known as psychedelics, like psilocybin for the treatment of anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and addiction, has ushered in a renaissance in the way these compounds are perceived in the medical community and populace at large. One emerging therapeutic area that holds significant promise is their use as anti-inflammatory agents. Activation of 5-HT2A receptors produces potent anti-inflammatory effects in animal models of human inflammatory disorders at sub-behavioural levels. This review discusses the role of the 5-HT2A receptor in the inflammatory response, as well as highlight studies using the 5-HT2A agonist (R)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine [(R)-DOI] to treat inflammation in cellular and animal models. It also examines potential mechanisms by which 5-HT2A agonists produce their therapeutic effects. Overall, psychedelics regulate inflammatory pathways via novel mechanisms, and may represent a new and exciting treatment strategy for several inflammatory disorders.", "journal": "International Review of Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2018-08-12", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1080/09540261.2018.1481827", "pubmed_id": "30102081", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1481827", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Amphetamines, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Behavior, Animal, Depression, Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30102081\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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2398117252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2408463391\",\"https://openalex.org/W2410331571\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413925195\",\"https://openalex.org/W2469169783\",\"https://openalex.org/W2476234894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2514363696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2728001011\",\"https://openalex.org/W2738971267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741191097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2746558379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2755283369\",\"https://openalex.org/W2757917284\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2766726816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2798640434\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211248987\",\"https://openalex.org/W4242520976\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254570903\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254982405\",\"https://openalex.org/W4255564469\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062641633\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas W. Flanagan\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062966169\",\"display_name\":\"Charles D. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-0646\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136737876\",\"source_display_name\":\"International Review of Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1481827\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study,Inflammation", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2886249511" }, { "id": 2394, "title": "Therapeutic use of classic psychedelics to treat cancer-related psychiatric distress.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic use of classic psychedelics to treat cancer related psychiatric distress", "authors": "Ross S.", "abstract": "Cancer is highly prevalent and one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Psychological and existential suffering is common in cancer patients, associated with poor psychiatric and medical outcomes. Promising early-phase clinical research (1960s to early 1970s) suggested a therapeutic signal for serotoninergic psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin, LSD) in treating cancer-related psychiatric distress. After several decades of quiescence, research on psychedelic-assisted therapy to treat psychiatric disorders in cancer patients has resumed within the last 2 decades in the US and Europe. This review article is based on a systematic search of clinical trials from 1960-2018 researching the therapeutic use of psychedelic treatment in patients with serious or terminal illnesses and related psychiatric illness. The search found 10 eligible clinical trials, with a total of 445 participants, with the vast majority of the patients having advanced or terminal cancer diagnoses. Six open label trials, published between 1964 and 1980 (n = 341), suggested that psychedelic therapy (mostly with LSD) may improve cancer-related depression, anxiety, and fear of death. Four RCTs trials were published between 2011 and 2016 (n = 104), mostly with psilocybin treatment (n = 92), and demonstrated that psychedelic-assisted treatment can produce rapid, robust, and sustained improvements in cancer-related psychological and existential distress.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-08-12", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1080/09540261.2018.1482261", "pubmed_id": "30102082", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1482261", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Serotonin Antagonists, Hallucinogens, Depression, Stress, Psychological, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30102082\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5158, "title": "The Utility of Psilocybin in Managing Anxiety and Depression in Cancer Patients", "normalized_title": "the utility of psilocybin in managing anxiety and depression in cancer patients", "authors": "Chu Hsien Lim, Brian D. Kangas, Jack Bergman", "abstract": "", "journal": "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education", "publication_date": "2018-07-31", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://www.jyi.org/2018-august/2018/7/6/the-utility-of-psilocybin-in-managing-anxiety-and-depression-in-cancer-patients", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Anxiety, Depression (economics), Psychology, Cancer, Psychotherapist, Psychiatry, Clinical psychology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:01", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:39", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2900545389\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2900545389\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024250797\",\"display_name\":\"Chu Hsien Lim\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6691-8277\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5048539054\",\"display_name\":\"Brian D. Kangas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4597-9801\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5111410015\",\"display_name\":\"Jack Bergman\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S105183386\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://www.jyi.org/2018-august/2018/7/6/the-utility-of-psilocybin-in-managing-anxiety-and-depression-in-cancer-patients\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2900545389" }, { "id": 3290, "title": "Convergent evolution of psilocybin biosynthesis by psychedelic mushrooms", "normalized_title": "convergent evolution of psilocybin biosynthesis by psychedelic mushrooms", "authors": "Awan AR, Winter JM, Turner D, Shaw WM, Suz LM, Bradshaw AJ, Ellis T, Dentinger BT.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a psychoactive compound with clinical applications produced by dozens of mushroom species 1. There has been a longstanding interest in psilocybin research with regard to treatment for addiction 2, depression 3, and end-of-life suffering 4. However, until recently very little was known about psilocybin biosynthesis and its ecological role. Here we confirm and refine recent findings 5 about the genes underpinning psilocybin biosynthesis, discover that there is more than one psilocybin biosynthesis cluster in mushrooms, and we provide the first data directly addressing psilocybin’s ecological role. By analysing independent genome assemblies for the hallucinogenic mushrooms Psilocybe cyanescens and Pluteus salicinus we recapture the recently discovered psilocybin biosynthesis cluster 5,6 and show that a transcription factor previously implicated in its regulation is actually not part of the cluster. Further, we show that the mushroom Inocybe corydalina produces psilocybin but does not contain the established biosynthetic cluster, and we present an alternative cluster. Finally, a meta-transcriptome analysis of wild-collected mushrooms provides evidence for intra-mushroom insect gene expression of flies whose larvae grow inside Psilocybe cyanescens. These larvae were successfully reared into adults. Our results show that psilocybin does not confer complete protection against insect mycophagy, and the hypothesis that it is produced as an adaptive defense compound may need to be reconsidered.", "journal": "bioRxiv", "publication_date": "2018-07-24", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1101/374199", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/374199", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "bioRxiv", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:03:50", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:03", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"PPR45710\",\"source\":\"PPR\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":\"bioRxiv\",\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Genomics,Transcriptomics", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "preprint", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 3553, "title": "Psychopharmacology of Psilocybin in Cancer Patients", "normalized_title": "psychopharmacology of psilocybin in cancer patients", "authors": "Johns Hopkins University", "abstract": "This research is being done to study the psychological effects of psilocybin in cancer patients. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring substance found in some mushrooms that some cultures have used for centuries in religious practices. This research is being done to study the psychological effects of psilocybin in cancer patients. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring substance found in some mushrooms that some cultures have used for centuries in religious practices. Psilocybin has not been approved for general medical use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Its use in this study is investigational. Psilocybin is a mood-altering drug with effects similar to other hallucinogens like LSD and mescaline. Mescaline is the main psychoactive component of the peyote cactus used in Native American religious practices. Such substances have been used for centuries in some cultures as a way of inducing non-ordinary states of consciousness for religious and spiritual purposes. An earlier study that was done in our lab with healthy participants found that psilocybin, given in a comfortable and supportive setting, can provide an experience that is personally and spiritually meaningful for the participant. This study is being done to find out if psilocybin can also produce personally and spiritually meaningful experiences in cancer patients. This could be important because spirituality has been associated with increased psychological coping and decreased depression in serious illness. People with a diagnosis of cancer between the ages of 21 and 80 years old and who meet the medical requirements may join. About 44 people are expected to take part in this study.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2018-07-18", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00465595", "keywords": "Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, Cancer, psilocybin, O-phosphoryl-4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, COMPLETED", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:33", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT00465595\",\"overall_status\":\"COMPLETED\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Consciousness,Spirituality,Healthy Volunteers,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2382, "title": "DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "dark classics in chemical neuroscience psilocybin", "authors": "Geiger HA, Wurst MG, Daniels RN.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is found in a family of mushrooms commonly known as \"magic mushrooms\" that have been used throughout history to induce hallucinations. In the late 1950s Albert Hofmann, of Sandoz Laboratories, identified and synthesized the psychoactive compounds psilocybin and psilocin which are found in psilocybe mushrooms. Psilocybin was marketed by Sandoz as Indocybin for basic psychopharmacological and therapeutic clinical research. Psilocybin saw a rapid rise in popularity during the 1960s and was classed as a Schedule I drug in 1970. This led to a significant decrease in psilocybin research. Recently, however, preliminary studies with psilocybin have shown promise as potential for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder, alcohol addiction, tobacco addiction, and major depressive disorder, and the treatment of depression in terminally ill cancer patients. This review describes in detail the synthesis, metabolism, pharmacology, adverse drug reactions, and importance of psilocybin to neuroscience in the past and present.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-07-15", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00186", "pubmed_id": "29956917", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00186", "keywords": "Humans, Agaricales, Hallucinogens, History, Ancient, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:02", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29956917\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Pharmacology,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2396, "title": "Biocatalytic Production of Psilocybin and Derivatives in Tryptophan Synthase-Enhanced Reactions.", "normalized_title": "biocatalytic production of psilocybin and derivatives in tryptophan synthase enhanced reactions", "authors": "Blei F, Baldeweg F, Fricke J, Hoffmeister D.", "abstract": "Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is the main alkaloid of the fungal genus Psilocybe, the so-called \"magic mushrooms.\" The pharmaceutical interest in this psychotropic natural product as a future medication to treat depression and anxiety is strongly re-emerging. Here, we present an enhanced enzymatic route of psilocybin production by adding TrpB, the tryptophan synthase of the mushroom Psilocybe cubensis, to the reaction. We capitalized on its substrate flexibility and show psilocybin formation from 4-hydroxyindole and l-serine, which are less cost-intensive substrates, compared to the previous method. Furthermore, we show enzymatic production of 7-phosphoryloxytryptamine (isonorbaeocystin), a non-natural congener of the Psilocybe alkaloid norbaeocystin (4-phosphoryloxytryptamine), and of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) by means of the same in vitro approach.", "journal": "Chemistry - A European Journal", "publication_date": "2018-06-18", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1002/chem.201801047", "pubmed_id": "29750381", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201801047", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29750381\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2802656036\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":51,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1519873013\",\"https://openalex.org/W1571501258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1728467647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1903260451\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978358353\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994752630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999999921\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004626255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010624998\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016388239\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018420238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019978843\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057174717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064468738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072796170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088990812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089982466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094947385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118970397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129133279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2415794902\",\"https://openalex.org/W2465873216\",\"https://openalex.org/W2542493272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2562613841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735805466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2741562499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2748593001\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949965849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2950394635\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W6600158986\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088811388\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Blei\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3190-8684\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051072915\",\"display_name\":\"Florian Baldeweg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046057419\",\"display_name\":\"Janis Fricke\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-3185\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5010592951\",\"display_name\":\"Dirk Hoffmeister\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-6461\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S68911691\",\"source_display_name\":\"Chemistry - A European Journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201801047\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,In Vitro Study", "study_type": "In Vitro Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2802656036" }, { "id": 2374, "title": "Effects of psilocybin therapy on personality structure.", "normalized_title": "effects of psilocybin therapy on personality structure", "authors": "Erritzoe D, Roseman L, Nour MM, MacLean K, Kaelen M, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "ObjectiveTo explore whether psilocybin with psychological support modulates personality parameters in patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression (TRD).MethodTwenty patients with moderate or severe, unipolar, TRD received oral psilocybin (10 and 25 mg, one week apart) in a supportive setting. Personality was assessed at baseline and at 3-month follow-up using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the subjective psilocybin experience with Altered State of Consciousness (ASC) scale, and depressive symptoms with QIDS-SR16.ResultsNeuroticism scores significantly decreased while Extraversion increased following psilocybin therapy. These changes were in the direction of the normative NEO-PI-R data and were both predicted, in an exploratory analysis, by the degree of insightfulness experienced during the psilocybin session. Openness scores also significantly increased following psilocybin, whereas Conscientiousness showed trend-level increases, and Agreeableness did not change.ConclusionOur observation of changes in personality measures after psilocybin therapy was mostly consistent with reports of personality change in relation to conventional antidepressant treatment, although the pronounced increases in Extraversion and Openness might constitute an effect more specific to psychedelic therapy. This needs further exploration in future controlled studies, as do the brain mechanisms of postpsychedelic personality change.", "journal": "Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica", "publication_date": "2018-06-18", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1111/acps.12904", "pubmed_id": "29923178", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.12904", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Follow-Up Studies, Personality, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Psychological", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29923178\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":268,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W606553535\",\"https://openalex.org/W1503049217\",\"https://openalex.org/W1589221672\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971459727\",\"https://openalex.org/W1977240000\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980375822\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990644324\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991604982\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000909913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008525776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014622858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018277166\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025604131\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034911394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040661201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044704612\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044788246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051521144\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053764826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058805315\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059819102\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065217375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068198479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081793457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092115693\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095643440\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104811266\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123750279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126990876\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137597447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137785404\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146140851\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149402043\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155054485\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2172124190\",\"https://openalex.org/W2181560023\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2319511153\",\"https://openalex.org/W2333901870\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412432222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492489237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2519170540\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2567179506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2568037688\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582927459\",\"https://openalex.org/W2589071607\",\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608583841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2657342869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2716623847\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756069429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2782003333\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784860341\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2807534705\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301064750\",\"https://openalex.org/W6635244525\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073964938\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew M. Nour\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-6184\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110383308\",\"display_name\":\"Keir Maclean\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113636502\",\"display_name\":\"D.J. Nutt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S199498439\",\"source_display_name\":\"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.12904\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Consciousness,Personality Change,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2807534705" }, { "id": 2411, "title": "Lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin for the management of patients with persistent pain: a potential role?", "normalized_title": "lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin for the management of patients with persistent pain a potential role", "authors": "Whelan A, Johnson MI.", "abstract": "Recently, there has been interest in lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin for depression, anxiety and fear of death in terminal illness. The aim of this review is to discuss the potential use of LSD and psilocybin for patients with persistent pain. LSD and psilocybin are 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor agonists and may interact with nociceptive and antinociceptive processing. Tentative evidence from a systematic review suggests that LSD (7 studies, 323 participants) and psilocybin (3 studies, 92 participants) may be beneficial for depression and anxiety associated with distress in life-threatening diseases. LSD and psilocybin are generally safe if administered by a healthcare professional, although further investigations are needed to assess their utility for patients with persistent pain, especially associated with terminal illness.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-05-02", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.2217/pmt-2017-0068", "pubmed_id": "29722608", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2217/pmt-2017-0068", "keywords": "Humans, Pain, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Treatment Outcome, Depression, Anxiety, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Chronic Pain, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29722608\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Chronic Pain,Receptor Pharmacology,Systematic Review,Review Article", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2413, "title": "Individual Experiences in Four Cancer Patients Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy.", "normalized_title": "individual experiences in four cancer patients following psilocybin assisted psychotherapy", "authors": "Malone TC, Mennenga SE, Guss J, Podrebarac SK, Owens LT, Bossis AP, Belser AB, Agin-Liebes G, Bogenschutz MP, Ross S.", "abstract": "A growing body of evidence shows that existential and spiritual well-being in cancer patients is associated with better medical outcomes, improved quality of life, and serves as a buffer against depression, hopelessness, and desire for hastened death. Historical and recent research suggests a role for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in treating cancer-related anxiety and depression. A double-blind controlled trial was performed, where 29 patients with cancer-related anxiety and depression were randomly assigned to treatment with single-dose psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) or niacin in conjunction with psychotherapy. Previously published results of this trial demonstrated that, in conjunction with psychotherapy, moderate-dose psilocybin produced rapid, robust, and enduring anxiolytic, and anti-depressant effects. Here, we illustrate unique clinical courses described by four participants using quantitative measures of acute and persisting effects of psilocybin, anxiety, depression, quality of life, and spiritual well-being, as well as qualitative interviews, written narratives, and clinician notes. Although the content of each psilocybin-assisted experience was unique to each participant, several thematic similarities and differences across the various sessions stood out. These four participants' personal narratives extended beyond the cancer diagnosis itself, frequently revolving around themes of self-compassion and love, acceptance of death, and memories of past trauma, though the specific details or narrative content differ substantially. The results presented here demonstrate the personalized nature of the subjective experiences elicited through treatment with psilocybin, particularly with respect to the spiritual and/or psychological needs of each patient.", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2018-04-02", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2018.00256", "pubmed_id": "29666578", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00256", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29666578\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2796179442\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":126,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W62922542\",\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973814761\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2315851963\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396361768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196761093\",\"https://openalex.org/W6701860232\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072909845\",\"display_name\":\"Tara C. Malone\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082919402\",\"display_name\":\"Samantha K. Podrebarac\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025551503\",\"display_name\":\"Lindsey T. Owens\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-5209\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015516801\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony P. Bossis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082087722\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander Belser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086692011\",\"display_name\":\"Michael P. Bogenschutz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-3470\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00256\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Cancer Patients,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Qualitative Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2796179442" }, { "id": 2416, "title": "Natural speech algorithm applied to baseline interview data can predict which patients will respond to psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "natural speech algorithm applied to baseline interview data can predict which patients will respond to psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Carrillo F, Sigman M, Fernández Slezak D, Ashton P, Fitzgerald L, Stroud J, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "BackgroundNatural speech analytics has seen some improvements over recent years, and this has opened a window for objective and quantitative diagnosis in psychiatry. Here, we used a machine learning algorithm applied to natural speech to ask whether language properties measured before psilocybin for treatment-resistant can predict for which patients it will be effective and for which it will not.MethodsA baseline autobiographical memory interview was conducted and transcribed. Patients with treatment-resistant depression received 2 doses of psilocybin, 10 mg and 25 mg, 7 days apart. Psychological support was provided before, during and after all dosing sessions. Quantitative speech measures were applied to the interview data from 17 patients and 18 untreated age-matched healthy control subjects. A machine learning algorithm was used to classify between controls and patients and predict treatment response.ResultsSpeech analytics and machine learning successfully differentiated depressed patients from healthy controls and identified treatment responders from non-responders with a significant level of 85% of accuracy (75% precision).ConclusionsAutomatic natural language analysis was used to predict effective response to treatment with psilocybin, suggesting that these tools offer a highly cost-effective facility for screening individuals for treatment suitability and sensitivity.LimitationsThe sample size was small and replication is required to strengthen inferences on these results.", "journal": "Journal of Affective Disorders", "publication_date": "2018-03-31", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1016/j.jad.2018.01.006", "pubmed_id": "29407543", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.01.006", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Speech Production Measurement, Case-Control Studies, Language, Speech, Algorithms, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Memory, Episodic, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Machine Learning, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29407543\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2790056169\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2790056169\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":57,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2402700\",\"https://openalex.org/W37461795\",\"https://openalex.org/W1267646904\",\"https://openalex.org/W1678885949\",\"https://openalex.org/W1912123407\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989385699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019096529\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028140375\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071268704\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106686523\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113867800\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134387421\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135725784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153579005\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341587966\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2518778515\",\"https://openalex.org/W2594253446\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211205428\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294170691\",\"https://openalex.org/W6601532327\",\"https://openalex.org/W6637399314\",\"https://openalex.org/W6682691769\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052030569\",\"display_name\":\"Facundo Carrillo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005493160\",\"display_name\":\"Mariano Sigman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0589-0033\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051251964\",\"display_name\":\"Diego Fernández Slezak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6348-1559\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109390088\",\"display_name\":\"Philip Ashton\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103797369\",\"display_name\":\"Lily Fitzgerald\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009897597\",\"display_name\":\"Jack Stroud\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-4491\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S113871862\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Affective Disorders\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.01.006\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2790056169" }, { "id": 2407, "title": "Out of the box: A psychedelic model to study the creative mind.", "normalized_title": "out of the box a psychedelic model to study the creative mind", "authors": "Kuypers KPC.", "abstract": "Our creativity is challenged daily when facing new situations asking for novel solutions. Creativity, a multicomponent construct includes flexible divergent and rigid convergent thinking. Psychedelic drugs like psilocybin can enhance creativity and affect state of mind (mood, empathy, openness). Of note, flexible thinking is disturbed in psychopathological conditions like anxiety disorders and depression and preliminary findings have shown psychedelics to be efficacious in the treatment of those conditions. The question how psychedelics induce this state of enhanced flexible thinking remains to be answered and investigating the neurobiology underlying this phenomenon will not only help in understanding why psychedelics are of use in the therapeutic setting but also in other settings where flexible thinking is challenged. A model including neuronal networks, neurotransmitters and personal factors playing a role in this process will be proposed which can be put to the test by means of placebo-controlled pharmaco-imaging studies in healthy volunteers.", "journal": "Medical Hypotheses", "publication_date": "2018-03-22", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1016/j.mehy.2018.03.010", "pubmed_id": "29685188", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2018.03.010", "keywords": "Brain, Nerve Net, Humans, Neurotransmitter Agents, Hallucinogens, Models, Neurological, Models, Psychological, Functional Neuroimaging, Creativity, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29685188\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2790867612\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2790867612\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":16,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1556392272\",\"https://openalex.org/W1940682915\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966427346\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966678292\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987875988\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990848149\",\"https://openalex.org/W1993623245\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997986180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010579388\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015611502\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025638537\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026372472\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027991430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032013018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053999696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061285076\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072677740\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074503869\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082703403\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087252276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088335634\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097982135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098969479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099618981\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106928369\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107326281\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110428727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117018670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118011533\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127572868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129576675\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133144527\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137597447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143918822\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145111120\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147426206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149260122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150266353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151804576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155757287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157718371\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159109833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160632445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160990859\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162673288\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165032621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168025370\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170585987\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170811861\",\"https://openalex.org/W2206828072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2294611344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2324758806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2412432222\",\"https://openalex.org/W2483678460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492489237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2547918114\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2624901555\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4213310839\",\"https://openalex.org/W6674000712\",\"https://openalex.org/W6674678500\",\"https://openalex.org/W6681386724\",\"https://openalex.org/W6684388473\",\"https://openalex.org/W6696739131\",\"https://openalex.org/W6721905074\",\"https://openalex.org/W6723363073\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5024651565\",\"display_name\":\"Kim P. C. Kuypers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-3809\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S27514295\",\"source_display_name\":\"Medical Hypotheses\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2018.03.010\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Aging,Creativity,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2790867612" }, { "id": 5164, "title": "Alteration of Depressive-like Behaviors by Psilocybe cubensis Alkaloid Extract in Mice: the Role of Glutamate Pathway", "normalized_title": "alteration of depressive like behaviors by psilocybe cubensis alkaloid extract in mice the role of glutamate pathway", "authors": "Elaheh Mahmoudi, Mehrdad Faizi, Reza Hajiaghaee, Ali Razmi", "abstract": "Background and objectives: Considering the increasing prevalence of depression, many studies are launched to investigate new antidepressant treatments. The present research has shown how psilocybin as an active compound of Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer extract (PCE) can change the parameters related to depression and anxiety in animal models. Both serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine: 5-HT) and glutamate modulate depressive-like behaviors and, therefore, we examined the possible interaction of psilocybin as 5-HT1 agonist with glutamate receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). Methods: Psilocybe cubensis extract of this mushroom was prepared by ethyl acetate. NMRI mice involved in all experiments and were treated with the vehicle, extract, or standard drug intraperitoneally. Open field (OFT), forced swimming (FST) and tail suspension tests (TST) were applied to measure the intended parameters. OFT was performed to verify the applied doses for measuring the following antidepressant activity. Results: PCE at the doses of 100 mg/kg significantly changed the locomotion, time spent in center and velocity of the animals in OFT. While treatment of the animals with PCE10 and 40 mg/kg or ketamine 1 mg/kg did not alter the locomotor activity, co-administration of these subeffective amounts significantly reduced the immobility time in both FST and TST. Conclusion: These effects may indicate possible implication of psilocybin with NMDA receptor which consequently produces the antidepressant effects.", "journal": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "publication_date": "2018-02-28", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.22127/rjp.2018.58486", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doaj.org/article/6982e7d479cc425db4622ec49357f976", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Open field, NMDA receptor, Pharmacology, Antidepressant, Glutamate receptor, Agonist, Chemistry, 5-HT receptor, Serotonin, Animal models of depression, Psychology, Receptor, Internal medicine, Medicine, Biochemistry, Hallucinogen, Hippocampus, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:02", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2791918973\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2791918973\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":14,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1977080576\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978632621\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981097208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005594217\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006218562\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011699554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023081218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2047397795\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054759608\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070290419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074907255\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086305648\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108403304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116635659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116750744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123354702\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127872798\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133565799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162510673\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162519480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2197078876\",\"https://openalex.org/W2581701212\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585110642\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103237851\",\"display_name\":\"Elaheh Mahmoudi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6306-3568\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089994806\",\"display_name\":\"Mehrdad Faizi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-838X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5000831408\",\"display_name\":\"Reza Hajiaghaee\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052956885\",\"display_name\":\"Ali Razmi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8480-3588\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401280\",\"source_display_name\":\"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doaj.org/article/6982e7d479cc425db4622ec49357f976\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Animal Study,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2791918973" }, { "id": 2384, "title": "Dark Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD).", "normalized_title": "dark classics in chemical neuroscience lysergic acid diethylamide lsd", "authors": "Nichols DE.", "abstract": "Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is one of the most potent psychoactive agents known, producing dramatic alterations of consciousness after submilligram (≥20 μg) oral doses. Following the accidental discovery of its potent psychoactive effects in 1943, it was supplied by Sandoz Laboratories as an experimental drug that might be useful as an adjunct for psychotherapy, or to give psychiatrists insight into the mental processes in their patients. The finding of serotonin in the mammalian brain in 1953, and its structural resemblance to LSD, quickly led to ideas that serotonin in the brain might be involved in mental disorders, initiating rapid research interest in the neurochemistry of serotonin. LSD proved to be physiologically very safe and nonaddictive, with a very low incidence of adverse events when used in controlled experiments. Widely hailed by psychiatry as a breakthrough in the 1950s and early 1960s, clinical research with LSD ended by about 1970, when it was formally placed into Schedule 1 of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 following its growing popularity as a recreational drug. Within the past 5 years, clinical research with LSD has begun in Europe, but there has been none in the United States. LSD is proving to be a powerful tool to help understand brain dynamics when combined with modern brain imaging methods. It remains to be seen whether therapeutic value for LSD can be confirmed in controlled clinical trials, but promising results have been obtained in small pilot trials of depression, anxiety, and addictions using psilocybin, a related psychedelic molecule.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-02-28", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00043", "pubmed_id": "29461039", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00043", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Research, Drug and Narcotic Control, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, United States, Europe", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29461039\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Aging,Clinical Trial,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2425, "title": "The hidden therapist: evidence for a central role of music in psychedelic therapy.", "normalized_title": "the hidden therapist evidence for a central role of music in psychedelic therapy", "authors": "Kaelen M, Giribaldi B, Raine J, Evans L, Timmerman C, Rodriguez N, Roseman L, Feilding A, Nutt D, Carhart-Harris R.", "abstract": "RationaleRecent studies have supported the safety and efficacy of psychedelic therapy for mood disorders and addiction. Music is considered an important component in the treatment model, but little empirical research has been done to examine the magnitude and nature of its therapeutic role.ObjectivesThe present study assessed the influence of music on the acute experience and clinical outcomes of psychedelic therapy.MethodsSemi-structured interviews inquired about the different ways in which music influenced the experience of 19 patients undergoing psychedelic therapy with psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied to the interview data to identify salient themes. In addition, ratings were given for each patient for the extent to which they expressed \"liking,\" \"resonance\" (the music being experienced as \"harmonious\" with the emotional state of the listener), and \"openness\" (acceptance of the music-evoked experience).ResultsAnalyses of the interviews revealed that the music had both \"welcome\" and \"unwelcome\" influences on patients' subjective experiences. Welcome influences included the evocation of personally meaningful and therapeutically useful emotion and mental imagery, a sense of guidance, openness, and the promotion of calm and a sense of safety. Conversely, unwelcome influences included the evocation of unpleasant emotion and imagery, a sense of being misguided and resistance. Correlation analyses showed that patients' experience of the music was associated with the occurrence of \"mystical experiences\" and \"insightfulness.\" Crucially, the nature of the music experience was significantly predictive of reductions in depression 1 week after psilocybin, whereas general drug intensity was not.ConclusionsThis study indicates that music plays a central therapeutic function in psychedelic therapy.", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2018-02-01", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-017-4820-5", "pubmed_id": "29396616", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4820-5", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Music Therapy, Emotions, Auditory Perception, Psychotherapy, Music, Adult, Female, Male, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29396616\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":273,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W254473825\",\"https://openalex.org/W1144621943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1903624862\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980423369\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023436353\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028880259\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037317432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063393199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064094124\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067121749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082412835\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089149909\",\"https://openalex.org/W2101824915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110065044\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115780895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127654449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144198023\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157023976\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186505253\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330686105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2337964085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2342076491\",\"https://openalex.org/W2345322841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2413044490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2502147470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2560522434\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582692487\",\"https://openalex.org/W2591107398\",\"https://openalex.org/W2602946064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2667975260\",\"https://openalex.org/W2738683289\",\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906955016\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074153650\",\"display_name\":\"Jordan Raine\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0504-6019\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061474054\",\"display_name\":\"Lisa Evans\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6997-4143\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5089121796\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher Timmerman\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069950620\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Rodriguez\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6669-8737\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071332026\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Feilding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4820-5\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Emotional Processing,Mystical Experience,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2784069100" }, { "id": 2417, "title": "Taking Psychedelics Seriously.", "normalized_title": "taking psychedelics seriously", "authors": "Byock I.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsychiatric research in the 1950s and 1960s showed potential for psychedelic medications to markedly alleviate depression and suffering associated with terminal illness. More recent published studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of psilocybin, MDMA, and ketamine when administered in a medically supervised and monitored approach. A single or brief series of sessions often results in substantial and sustained improvement among people with treatment-resistant depression and anxiety, including those with serious medical conditions. Need and Clinical Considerations: Palliative care clinicians occasionally encounter patients with emotional, existential, or spiritual suffering, which persists despite optimal existing treatments. Such suffering may rob people of a sense that life is worth living. Data from Oregon show that most terminally people who obtain prescriptions to intentionally end their lives are motivated by non-physical suffering. This paper overviews the history of this class of drugs and their therapeutic potential. Clinical cautions, adverse reactions, and important steps related to safe administration of psychedelics are presented, emphasizing careful patient screening, preparation, setting and supervision.ConclusionEven with an expanding evidence base confirming safety and benefits, political, regulatory, and industry issues impose challenges to the legitimate use of psychedelics. The federal expanded access program and right-to-try laws in multiple states provide precendents for giving terminally ill patients access to medications that have not yet earned FDA approval. Given the prevalence of persistent suffering and growing acceptance of physician-hastened death as a medical response, it is time to revisit the legitimate therapeutic use of psychedelics.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2018-01-21", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1089/jpm.2017.0684", "pubmed_id": "29356590", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2017.0684", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Palliative Care, Mental Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29356590\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2431, "title": "Quality of Acute Psychedelic Experience Predicts Therapeutic Efficacy of Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression.", "normalized_title": "quality of acute psychedelic experience predicts therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Roseman L, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Introduction: It is a basic principle of the \"psychedelic\" treatment model that the quality of the acute experience mediates long-term improvements in mental health. In the present paper we sought to test this using data from a clinical trial assessing psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In line with previous reports, we hypothesized that the occurrence and magnitude of Oceanic Boundlessness (OBN) (sharing features with mystical-type experience) and Dread of Ego Dissolution (DED) (similar to anxiety) would predict long-term positive outcomes, whereas sensory perceptual effects would have negligible predictive value. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with treatment resistant depression underwent treatment with psilocybin (two separate sessions: 10 and 25 mg psilocybin). The Altered States of Consciousness (ASC) questionnaire was used to assess the quality of experiences in the 25 mg psilocybin session. From the ASC, the dimensions OBN and DED were used to measure the mystical-type and challenging experiences, respectively. The Self-Reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR) at 5 weeks served as the endpoint clinical outcome measure, as in later time points some of the subjects had gone on to receive new treatments, thus confounding inferences. In a repeated measure ANOVA, Time was the within-subject factor (independent variable), with QIDS-SR as the within-subject dependent variable in baseline, 1-day, 1-week, 5-weeks. OBN and DED were independent variables. OBN-by-Time and DED-by-Time interactions were the primary outcomes of interest. Results: For the interaction of OBN and DED with Time (QIDS-SR as dependent variable), the main effect and the effects at each time point compared to baseline were all significant (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively, for main effects), confirming our main hypothesis. Furthermore, Pearson's correlation of OBN with QIDS-SR (5 weeks) was specific compared to perceptual dimensions of the ASC (p < 0.05). Discussion: This report further bolsters the view that the quality of the acute psychedelic experience is a key mediator of long-term changes in mental health. Future therapeutic work with psychedelics should recognize the essential importance of quality of experience in determining treatment efficacy and consider ways of enhancing mystical-type experiences and reducing anxiety. Trial Registration: ISRCTN, number ISRCTN14426797, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14426797.", "journal": "Frontiers in Pharmacology", "publication_date": "2018-01-16", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2017.00974", "pubmed_id": "29387009", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00974", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29387009\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2792444257\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":810,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W22529605\",\"https://openalex.org/W156478726\",\"https://openalex.org/W593791618\",\"https://openalex.org/W1595981698\",\"https://openalex.org/W1603509204\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964116811\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978737075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000701936\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005037843\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053764826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057217347\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063166841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078153416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085691122\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097137621\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100182643\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100230238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100532211\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104815889\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111139037\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113034208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121291806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2124796048\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138494388\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141217193\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2174440411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2271159760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312466253\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312675623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2320952994\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325207359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328159225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411929905\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2473123625\",\"https://openalex.org/W2491739703\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2528752100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2571392308\",\"https://openalex.org/W2579967741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2598155337\",\"https://openalex.org/W2605399484\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"https://openalex.org/W2784069100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2788854095\",\"https://openalex.org/W2949283084\",\"https://openalex.org/W3026821888\",\"https://openalex.org/W3165788955\",\"https://openalex.org/W3196761093\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229920826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4235997898\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237844050\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301064750\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302573313\",\"https://openalex.org/W6674709811\",\"https://openalex.org/W6676972896\",\"https://openalex.org/W6680484967\",\"https://openalex.org/W6701860232\",\"https://openalex.org/W6725266695\",\"https://openalex.org/W6795740211\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S132108250\",\"source_display_name\":\"Frontiers in Pharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00974\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Consciousness,Mystical Experience,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2792444257" }, { "id": 2405, "title": "Increased nature relatedness and decreased authoritarian political views after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "increased nature relatedness and decreased authoritarian political views after psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Lyons T, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "RationalePrevious research suggests that classical psychedelic compounds can induce lasting changes in personality traits, attitudes and beliefs in both healthy subjects and patient populations.AimHere we sought to investigate the effects of psilocybin on nature relatedness and libertarian-authoritarian political perspective in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).MethodsThis open-label pilot study with a mixed-model design studied the effects of psilocybin on measures of nature relatedness and libertarian-authoritarian political perspective in patients with moderate to severe TRD ( n=7) versus age-matched non-treated healthy control subjects ( n=7). Psilocybin was administered in two oral dosing sessions (10 mg and 25 mg) 1 week apart. Main outcome measures were collected 1 week and 7-12 months after the second dosing session. Nature relatedness and libertarian-authoritarian political perspective were assessed using the Nature Relatedness Scale (NR-6) and Political Perspective Questionnaire (PPQ-5), respectively.ResultsNature relatedness significantly increased ( t(6)=-4.242, p=0.003) and authoritarianism significantly decreased ( t(6)=2.120, p=0.039) for the patients 1 week after the dosing sessions. At 7-12 months post-dosing, nature relatedness remained significantly increased ( t(5)=-2.707, p=0.021) and authoritarianism remained decreased at trend level ( t(5)=-1.811, p=0.065). No differences were found on either measure for the non-treated healthy control subjects.ConclusionsThis pilot study suggests that psilocybin with psychological support might produce lasting changes in attitudes and beliefs. Although it would be premature to infer causality from this small study, the possibility of drug-induced changes in belief systems seems sufficiently intriguing and timely to deserve further investigation.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2018-01-16", "publication_year": 2018, "doi": "10.1177/0269881117748902", "pubmed_id": "29338538", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881117748902", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Severity of Illness Index, Case-Control Studies, Follow-Up Studies, Pilot Projects, Authoritarianism, Environment, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Time Factors, Politics, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29338538\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe 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Lyons\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3118-7344\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072682798\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-7150\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881117748902\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Personality Change,Observational Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2784860341" }, { "id": 5179, "title": "Mikrodosering av lysergsyradietylamid och psilocybin och dess effekter på psykisk hälsa", "normalized_title": "mikrodosering av lysergsyradietylamid och psilocybin och dess effekter på psykisk hälsa", "authors": "Anisha Lela Larsson", "abstract": "Mikrodosering av psykedeliska droger är den senaste trenden som verkar ha fått en stor spridning, främst bland unga människor för att uppnå ökad produktivitet och kreativitet, men även för att uppnå allmän psykisk hälsa. Denna uppsats lägger fokus på lysergsyradietylamid (LSD) och psilocybin (magic mushroom). Mikrodosering innebär att användaren tar en väldigt låg dos av substansen. Dosen ger ingen psykedelisk effekt, d.v.s. inga visuella effekter, inget förändrat medvetandetillstånd,och ingen förändrad tids-eller rumsuppfattning. Deltagare (n=201) besvarade en elektronisk enkät som distribuerades i olika forum med intresse för psykedeliska substanser. I denna deskriptiva sambandsstudie undersöktes motiveringen av att mikrodosera LSD-och psilocybin, samt vilka positiva och negativa effekter mikrodosering av dessa substanser har på den psykiska hälsan.Deltagare uppgav upplevd minskad depression, ångest och stress, men att det inte var den primära anledningen till att de mikrodoserade trots att 62% hade självdiagnostiserat sig med någon form av upplevd ohälsa. De primära motiven med att mikrodosera, som angavs i enkäten, var att förbättra den allmänna hälsan, samt för att nå ökad kreativitet och produktivitet. Trots upplevda negativa bieffekter under mikrodoseringscykeln uppgav majoriteten att de ville fortsätta att mikrodosera. På grund av urvalet är studieresultatet inte generaliserbart och efterföljande undersökningar med hypoteser och frågor är att föreslå.", "journal": "KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)", "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-358476", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Political science, Psychology, Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:02", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3101603169\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3101603169\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021627945\",\"display_name\":\"Anisha Lela Larsson\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401559\",\"source_display_name\":\"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-358476\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3101603169" }, { "id": 2442, "title": "Classic Hallucinogens and Mystical Experiences: Phenomenology and Neural Correlates.", "normalized_title": "classic hallucinogens and mystical experiences phenomenology and neural correlates", "authors": "Barrett FS, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "This chapter begins with a brief review of descriptions and definitions of mystical-type experiences and the historical connection between classic hallucinogens and mystical experiences. The chapter then explores the empirical literature on experiences with classic hallucinogens in which claims about mystical or religious experiences have been made. A psychometrically validated questionnaire is described for the reliable measurement of mystical-type experiences occasioned by classic hallucinogens. Controlled laboratory studies show that under double-blind conditions that provide significant controls for expectancy bias, psilocybin can occasion complete mystical experiences in the majority of people studied. These effects are dose-dependent, specific to psilocybin compared to placebo or a psychoactive control substance, and have enduring impact on the moods, attitudes, and behaviors of participants as assessed by self-report of participants and ratings by community observers. Other studies suggest that enduring personal meaning in healthy volunteers and therapeutic outcomes in patients, including reduction and cessation of substance abuse behaviors and reduction of anxiety and depression in patients with a life-threatening cancer diagnosis, are related to the occurrence of mystical experiences during drug sessions. The final sections of the chapter draw parallels in human neuroscience research between the neural bases of experiences with classic hallucinogens and the neural bases of meditative practices for which claims of mystical-type experience are sometimes made. From these parallels, a functional neural model of mystical experience is proposed, based on changes in the default mode network of the brain that have been observed after the administration of classic hallucinogens and during meditation practices for which mystical-type claims have been made.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2017_474", "pubmed_id": "28401522", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2017_474", "keywords": "Nervous System, Humans, Hallucinogens, Meditation, Mysticism, Surveys and Questionnaires", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28401522\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Default Mode Network,Mystical Experience,Review Article,Observational Study,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2441, "title": "Therapeutic Applications of Classic Hallucinogens.", "normalized_title": "therapeutic applications of classic hallucinogens", "authors": "Bogenschutz MP, Ross S.", "abstract": "This chapter reviews what is known about the therapeutic uses of the serotonergic or classic hallucinogens, i.e., psychoactive drugs such as LSD and psilocybin that exert their effects primarily through agonist activity at serotonin 2A (5HT2A) receptors. Following a review of the history of human use and scientific study of these drugs, the data from clinical research are summarized, including extensive work on the use of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of alcoholism and other addictions, studies of the use of LSD and psilocybin to relieve distress concerning death, particularly in patients with advanced or terminal cancer, and more limited data concerning the use of classic hallucinogens to treat mood and anxiety disorders. A survey of possible mechanisms of clinically relevant effects is provided. The well-established safety of classic hallucinogens is reviewed. To provide a clinical perspective, case summaries are provided of two individuals who received treatment in recent controlled trials of psilocybin: one being treated for alcoholism, the other suffering from anxiety and depression related to fear of death due to a cancer diagnosis. Although promising early phase research conducted from the 1950s through the early 1970s was discontinued before firm conclusions could be reached concerning the efficacy of any of the classic hallucinogens for any clinical condition, the research that was conducted in that era strongly suggests that classic hallucinogens have clinically relevant effects, particularly in the case of LSD treatment of alcoholism. In the past decade, clinical trials have resumed investigating the effects of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of existential distress in the face of cancer, and in the treatment of addictions including alcoholism and nicotine addiction. The studies that have been completed to date are not sufficient to establish efficacy, but the outcomes have been very encouraging, and larger trials, up to and including phase 3, are now underway or being planned. Although research has elucidated many of the acute neurobiological and psychological effects of classic hallucinogens on humans, animals, and in vitro systems, the mechanisms of clinically relevant persisting effects remain poorly understood.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2016_464", "pubmed_id": "28512684", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_464", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Death, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28512684\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Observational Study,In Vitro Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2440, "title": "The Effects of Hallucinogens on Gene Expression.", "normalized_title": "the effects of hallucinogens on gene expression", "authors": "Martin DA, Nichols CD.", "abstract": "The classic serotonergic hallucinogens, or psychedelics, have the ability to profoundly alter perception and behavior. These can include visual distortions, hallucinations, detachment from reality, and mystical experiences. Some psychedelics, like LSD, are able to produce these effects with remarkably low doses of drug. Others, like psilocybin, have recently been demonstrated to have significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and addiction that persist for at least several months after only a single therapeutic session. How does this occur? Much work has recently been published from imaging studies showing that psychedelics alter brain network connectivity. They facilitate a disintegration of the default mode network, producing a hyperconnectivity between brain regions that allow centers that do not normally communicate with each other to do so. The immediate and acute effects on both behaviors and network connectivity are likely mediated by effector pathways downstream of serotonin 5-HT2A receptor activation. These acute molecular processes also influence gene expression changes, which likely influence synaptic plasticity and facilitate more long-term changes in brain neurochemistry ultimately underlying the therapeutic efficacy of a single administration to achieve long-lasting effects. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about the molecular genetic responses to psychedelics within the brain and discuss how gene expression changes may contribute to altered cellular physiology and behaviors.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/7854_2017_479", "pubmed_id": "28677095", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2017_479", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28677095\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Neuroplasticity,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Mystical Experience,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2436, "title": "Novel psychotherapeutics - a cautiously optimistic focus on Hallucinogens.", "normalized_title": "novel psychotherapeutics a cautiously optimistic focus on hallucinogens", "authors": "Sherwood AM, Prisinzano TE", "abstract": "", "journal": "Expert review of clinical pharmacology", "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1080/17512433.2018.1415755", "pubmed_id": "29224406", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29224406/", "keywords": "Anxiety, MDMA, PTSD, depression, drug policy, entactogen, hallucinogen, ketamine, psilocybin, psychedelic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:40", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"29224406\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2435, "title": "Serotonergic Psychedelics: Experimental Approaches for Assessing Mechanisms of Action.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic psychedelics experimental approaches for assessing mechanisms of action", "authors": "Canal CE.", "abstract": "Recent, well-controlled - albeit small-scale - clinical trials show that serotonergic psychedelics, including psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide, possess great promise for treating psychiatric disorders, including treatment-resistant depression. Additionally, fresh results from a deluge of clinical neuroimaging studies are unveiling the dynamic effects of serotonergic psychedelics on functional activity within, and connectivity across, discrete neural systems. These observations have led to testable hypotheses regarding neural processing mechanisms that contribute to psychedelic effects and therapeutic benefits. Despite these advances and a plethora of preclinical and clinical observations supporting a central role for brain serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in producing serotonergic psychedelic effects, lingering and new questions about mechanisms abound. These chiefly pertain to molecular neuropharmacology. This chapter is devoted to illuminating and discussing such questions in the context of preclinical experimental approaches for studying mechanisms of action of serotonergic psychedelics, classic and new.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/164_2018_107", "pubmed_id": "29532180", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_107", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29532180\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2789541163" }, { "id": 2365, "title": "Rapid-Acting Antidepressants.", "normalized_title": "rapid acting antidepressants", "authors": "Witkin JM, Knutson DE, Rodriguez GJ, Shi S.", "abstract": "BackgroundConventional antidepressants are thought to produce their impact on clinical symptoms by increasing the central availability of biogenic amine neurotransmitters (the monoamine hypothesis of depression). These drugs continue to be the primary medicines used in major depressive disorder. Although they have biological effects after acute dosing, full antidepressant response generally takes weeks of daily administration. Lack of rapid onset is a large limitation in antidepressant therapy (e.g., suicide, lack of medication compliance, difficulty switching medications).MethodsThe present review of the literature discusses the preclinical and clinical findings on compounds that can produce immediate symptom relief.ResultsThese compounds include ketamine, scopolamine, and mechanistically-related drugs. Newer additions to the list of potential rapid-acting agents include antagonists of metabotropic (mGlu) 2/3 receptors, negative allosteric modulators of α5-containing GABAA receptors, and psychedelic compounds. An additional benefit of these compounds is that they have demonstrated large effect sizes and, importantly, demonstrated efficacy in patient's refractory to other treatments. A drawback of some of these compounds, to date, is finding ways to expand the duration of clinical efficacy. In addition, for some compounds, the side-effect profile requires management. A primary mechanism by which rapid effects might be produced is through the amplification of excitatory neurotransmission through activation of AMPA receptors. The extracellular efflux of glutamate induced by these drugs has been documented and provides the hypothesized triggering mechanism for AMPA receptor amplification.ConclusionThe preclinical and clinical literature strongly suggests that rapid-acting antidepressants are the current focus of antidepressant drug discovery. Promising clinical findings exist for several compounds including ketamine and other NMDA receptor antagonists, scopolamine, and psilocybin. Two compounds are in late stage clinical development: GLYX-13 (Rapastinel) and eskekamine.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-12-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.2174/1381612824666180730104707", "pubmed_id": "30058481", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180730104707", "keywords": "Humans, Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"30058481\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Animal Study", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2376, "title": "Increased amygdala responses to emotional faces after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "increased amygdala responses to emotional faces after psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Roseman L, Demetriou L, Wall MB, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "Recent evidence indicates that psilocybin with psychological support may be effective for treating depression. Some studies have found that patients with depression show heightened amygdala responses to fearful faces and there is reliable evidence that treatment with SSRIs attenuates amygdala responses (Ma, 2015). We hypothesised that amygdala responses to emotional faces would be altered post-treatment with psilocybin. In this open-label study, 20 individuals diagnosed with moderate to severe, treatment-resistant depression, underwent two separate dosing sessions with psilocybin. Psychological support was provided before, during and after these sessions and 19 completed fMRI scans one week prior to the first session and one day after the second and last. Neutral, fearful and happy faces were presented in the scanner and analyses focused on the amygdala. Group results revealed rapid and enduring improvements in depressive symptoms post psilocybin. Increased responses to fearful and happy faces were observed in the right amygdala post-treatment, and right amygdala increases to fearful versus neutral faces were predictive of clinical improvements at 1-week. Psilocybin with psychological support was associated with increased amygdala responses to emotional stimuli, an opposite effect to previous findings with SSRIs. This suggests fundamental differences in these treatments' therapeutic actions, with SSRIs mitigating negative emotions and psilocybin allowing patients to confront and work through them. Based on the present results, we propose that psilocybin with psychological support is a treatment approach that potentially revives emotional responsiveness in depression, enabling patients to reconnect with their emotions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN, number ISRCTN14426797. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Psychedelics: New Doors, Altered Perceptions'.", "journal": "Neuropharmacology", "publication_date": "2017-12-26", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.041", "pubmed_id": "29288686", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.041", "keywords": "Amygdala, Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Prognosis, Combined Modality Therapy, Brain Mapping, Emotions, Psychotherapy, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Facial Recognition, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29288686\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2781340150\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":239,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W592732404\",\"https://openalex.org/W878533373\",\"https://openalex.org/W1544863932\",\"https://openalex.org/W1831666347\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989982790\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990134753\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990926259\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992103170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000681816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006096283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014870330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042333532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044264234\",\"https://openalex.org/W2056575770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063619953\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076972670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078524519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082497868\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105190393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2125375538\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140018908\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146747402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150537415\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151721316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157803948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167738136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325558246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2328159225\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2579967741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2756069429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801279915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2806419184\",\"https://openalex.org/W3211573487\",\"https://openalex.org/W6683831411\",\"https://openalex.org/W6732555809\",\"https://openalex.org/W6744856292\",\"https://openalex.org/W6803356969\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060501027\",\"display_name\":\"Lysia Demetriou\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5249-0900\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069665617\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Wall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-6274\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S160566677\",\"source_display_name\":\"Neuropharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.041\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Emotional Processing,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2781340150" }, { "id": 3631, "title": "Psilocybin and Depression - Assessing the Long-term Effects of a Single Administration of Psilocybin on the Psychiatric Symptoms and Brain Activity of Patients With Severe Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin and depression assessing the long term effects of a single administration of psilocybin on the psychiatric symptoms and brain activity of patients with severe depression", "authors": "University of Helsinki", "abstract": "The main aim of the study is to investigate the possible long-term therapeutic effects of psilocybin on the symptoms of severe depression, as well as the brain mechanisms underlying these changes. Depression severity is assessed before and after (i.e., 1 week, 3 months and 6 months after) a single dose of psilocybin and compared to respective scores of a group receiving an active placebo, ketamine. Brain activity (using functional magnetic resonance imaging) is measured before and one week after drug administration in order to determine whether changes in brain networks related to emotional and self-referential processing correlate with any observed changes in depression scores. Further, blood samples will be obtained from the participants and analyzed in order to reveal gene expression and molecular level correlates underlying rapid antidepressant effects, and to identify biomarkers that predict treatment outcome.", "journal": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "publication_date": "2017-12-20", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03380442", "keywords": "Severe Depression, Psilocybin, Ketamine (Ketalar), UNKNOWN", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "ClinicalTrials.gov", "date_added": "2026-07-01 11:04:28", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:34", "raw_json": "{\"nct_id\":\"NCT03380442\",\"overall_status\":\"UNKNOWN\",\"phase\":[\"PHASE2\"]}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Biomarkers,Aging,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "clinical trial", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2446, "title": "Pharmacokinetics of Escalating Doses of Oral Psilocybin in Healthy Adults.", "normalized_title": "pharmacokinetics of escalating doses of oral psilocybin in healthy adults", "authors": "Brown RT, Nicholas CR, Cozzi NV, Gassman MC, Cooper KM, Muller D, Thomas CD, Hetzel SJ, Henriquez KM, Ribaudo AS, Hutson PR.", "abstract": "IntroductionPsilocybin is a psychedelic tryptamine that has shown promise in recent clinical trials for the treatment of depression and substance use disorders. This open-label study of the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin was performed to describe the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of psilocybin in sequential, escalating oral doses of 0.3, 0.45, and 0.6 mg/kg in 12 healthy adults.MethodsEligible healthy adults received 6-8 h of preparatory counseling in anticipation of the first dose of psilocybin. The escalating oral psilocybin doses were administered at approximately monthly intervals in a controlled setting and subjects were monitored for 24 h. Blood and urine samples were collected over 24 h and assayed by a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for psilocybin and psilocin, the active metabolite. The pharmacokinetics of psilocin were determined using both compartmental (NONMEM) and noncompartmental (WinNonlin) methods.ResultsNo psilocybin was found in plasma or urine, and renal clearance of intact psilocin accounted for less than 2% of the total clearance. The pharmacokinetics of psilocin were linear within the twofold range of doses, and the elimination half-life of psilocin was 3 h (standard deviation 1.1). An extended elimination phase in some subjects suggests hydrolysis of the psilocin glucuronide metabolite. Variation in psilocin clearance was not predicted by body weight, and no serious adverse events occurred in the subjects studied.ConclusionsThe small amount of psilocin renally excreted suggests that no dose reduction is needed for subjects with mild-moderate renal impairment. Simulation of fixed doses using the pharmacokinetic parameters suggest that an oral dose of 25 mg should approximate the drug exposure of a 0.3 mg/kg oral dose of psilocybin. Although doses of 0.6 mg/kg are in excess of likely therapeutic doses, no serious physical or psychological events occurred during or within 30 days of any dose.Clinical trials identifierNCT02163707.", "journal": "Clinical Pharmacokinetics", "publication_date": "2017-11-30", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/s40262-017-0540-6", "pubmed_id": "28353056", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-017-0540-6", "keywords": "Humans, Glucuronides, Hallucinogens, Chromatography, Liquid, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Nonlinear Dynamics, Half-Life, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Young Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28353056\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2600624779\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":188,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W105671925\",\"https://openalex.org/W1510556999\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969549633\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979963125\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989525615\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989596270\",\"https://openalex.org/W1995013188\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999521622\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2059976461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066464642\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083668821\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089436854\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2132624405\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148412563\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161446377\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166952073\",\"https://openalex.org/W2293035635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398898762\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2725188872\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071605998\",\"display_name\":\"Randall Brown\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5445-8119\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5043044020\",\"display_name\":\"Christopher R. Nicholas\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-4046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037184848\",\"display_name\":\"Nicholas V. Cozzi\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-6063\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051969488\",\"display_name\":\"Michele Gassman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-2976\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023584205\",\"display_name\":\"Karen M. Cooper\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Daniel Muller\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5067372536\",\"display_name\":\"Chantelle Thomas\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007698239\",\"display_name\":\"Scott Hetzel\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-2959\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5017658689\",\"display_name\":\"Kelsey M. Henriquez\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5056941547\",\"display_name\":\"Alexandra S. Ribaudo\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088507656\",\"display_name\":\"Paul R. Hutson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-7096\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S69290020\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical Pharmacokinetics\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-017-0540-6\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2600624779" }, { "id": 2447, "title": "The \"Endless Trip\" among the NPS Users: Psychopathology and Psychopharmacology in the Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disorder. A Systematic Review.", "normalized_title": "the endless trip among the nps users psychopathology and psychopharmacology in the hallucinogen persisting perception disorder a systematic review", "authors": "Orsolini L, Papanti GD, De Berardis D, Guirguis A, Corkery JM, Schifano F.", "abstract": "Hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is a syndrome characterized by prolonged or reoccurring perceptual symptoms, reminiscent of acute hallucinogen effects. HPPD was associated with a broader range of LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)-like substances, cannabis, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, mescaline, and psychostimulants. The recent emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) posed a critical concern regarding the new onset of psychiatric symptoms/syndromes, including cases of HPPD. Symptomatology mainly comprises visual disorders (i.e., geometric pseudo-hallucinations, haloes, flashes of colors/lights, motion-perception deficits, afterimages, micropsia, more acute awareness of floaters, etc.), even though depressive symptoms and thought disorders may be comorbidly present. Although HPPD was first described in 1954, it was just established as a fully syndrome in 2000, with the revised fourth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). HPPD neural substrates, risk factors, and aetiopathogenesys still largely remain unknown and under investigation, and many questions about its pharmacological targets remain unanswered too. A critical mini review on psychopathological bases, etiological hypothesis, and psychopharmacological approaches toward HPPD, including the association with some novel substances, are provided here, by means of a literature search on PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases without time restrictions, by using a specific set of keywords. Pharmacological and clinical issues are considered, and practical psychopharmacological recommendations and clinical guidelines are suggested.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-11-19", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00240", "pubmed_id": "29209235", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00240", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29209235\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2427, "title": "Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: six-month follow-up.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin with psychological support for treatment resistant depression six month follow up", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Bolstridge M, Day CMJ, Rucker J, Watts R, Erritzoe DE, Kaelen M, Giribaldi B, Bloomfield M, Pilling S, Rickard JA, Forbes B, Feilding A, Taylor D, Curran HV, Nutt DJ.", "abstract": "RationaleRecent clinical trials are reporting marked improvements in mental health outcomes with psychedelic drug-assisted psychotherapy.ObjectivesHere, we report on safety and efficacy outcomes for up to 6 months in an open-label trial of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.MethodsTwenty patients (six females) with (mostly) severe, unipolar, treatment-resistant major depression received two oral doses of psilocybin (10 and 25 mg, 7 days apart) in a supportive setting. Depressive symptoms were assessed from 1 week to 6 months post-treatment, with the self-rated QIDS-SR16 as the primary outcome measure.ResultsTreatment was generally well tolerated. Relative to baseline, marked reductions in depressive symptoms were observed for the first 5 weeks post-treatment (Cohen's d = 2.2 at week 1 and 2.3 at week 5, both p", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2017-11-07", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x", "pubmed_id": "29119217", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Follow-Up Studies, Feasibility Studies, Double-Blind Method, Time Factors, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin, Psychosocial Support Systems", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29119217\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2767530231\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":976,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1144621943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988444307\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005066505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015666695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024075080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100532211\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100834566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107232050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2107743363\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111920357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148560706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2224635535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2502147470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2511532223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2551626080\",\"https://openalex.org/W2552814605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2586756570\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073080173\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Bolstridge\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109366794\",\"display_name\":\"Camilla Day\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110514937\",\"display_name\":\"R. Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061472267\",\"display_name\":\"Bruna Giribaldi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058082561\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Bloomfield\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1972-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049702763\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Pilling\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-8202\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065550029\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Rickard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-6025\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083073338\",\"display_name\":\"Benjamin Forbes\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071332026\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Feilding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014436895\",\"display_name\":\"David Taylor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-1710\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061200799\",\"display_name\":\"Valerie H. Curran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-5214\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113636502\",\"display_name\":\"D.J. Nutt\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2767530231" }, { "id": 5185, "title": "Can Psilocybin Treat Severe Depression", "normalized_title": "can psilocybin treat severe depression", "authors": "Barbara Geller", "abstract": "In 1970, the FDA categorized psilocybin as a Schedule 1 drug, largely because of its recreational uses, which include inducing spirituality and", "journal": "Journal watch", "publication_date": "2017-11-02", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1056/nejm-jw.na45292", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://www.jwatch.org/na45292/2017/11/03/can-psilocybin-treat-severe-depression", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Medicine, Depression (economics), Psychiatry, Hallucinogen, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:02", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2766340631\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2766340631\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108212100\",\"display_name\":\"Barbara Geller\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764501393\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal watch\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://www.jwatch.org/na45292/2017/11/03/can-psilocybin-treat-severe-depression\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Spirituality", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2766340631" }, { "id": 2429, "title": "Psilocybin with psychological support improves emotional face recognition in treatment-resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin with psychological support improves emotional face recognition in treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Stroud JB, Freeman TP, Leech R, Hindocha C, Lawn W, Nutt DJ, Curran HV, Carhart-Harris RL.", "abstract": "RationaleDepressed patients robustly exhibit affective biases in emotional processing which are altered by SSRIs and predict clinical outcome.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to investigate whether psilocybin, recently shown to rapidly improve mood in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), alters patients' emotional processing biases.MethodsSeventeen patients with treatment-resistant depression completed a dynamic emotional face recognition task at baseline and 1 month later after two doses of psilocybin with psychological support. Sixteen controls completed the emotional recognition task over the same time frame but did not receive psilocybin.ResultsWe found evidence for a group × time interaction on speed of emotion recognition (p =.035). At baseline, patients were slower at recognising facial emotions compared with controls (p", "journal": "Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2017-10-29", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/s00213-017-4754-y", "pubmed_id": "29085980", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4754-y", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Facial Expression, Treatment Outcome, Follow-Up Studies, Pilot Projects, Emotions, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Facial Recognition, Psilocybin, Psychosocial Support Systems", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29085980\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2767171514\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":101,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1557789711\",\"https://openalex.org/W1812780868\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975345989\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005846380\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021977439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030616474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031733717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044852178\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048956357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050478809\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055098509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076029586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076986525\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082047362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082531061\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090514581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098958400\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100141046\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103413823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105465456\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109105506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109334244\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116335159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2126009018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127699202\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131066767\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134189152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138664664\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139628377\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150537415\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157392644\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169442707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2286702847\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2505115395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2579967741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2737054084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2744933359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2753654430\",\"https://openalex.org/W4247424590\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009897597\",\"display_name\":\"Jack Stroud\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-4491\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5047194230\",\"display_name\":\"Tom P. Freeman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5667-507X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007616376\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Leech\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5801-6318\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073240173\",\"display_name\":\"Chandni Hindocha\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1692-7401\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084374822\",\"display_name\":\"Will Lawn\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0143-2724\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061200799\",\"display_name\":\"Valerie H. Curran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-5214\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80334769\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4754-y\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Emotional Processing,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2767171514" }, { "id": 2452, "title": "Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression: fMRI-measured brain mechanisms.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treatment resistant depression fmri measured brain mechanisms", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Roseman L, Bolstridge M, Demetriou L, Pannekoek JN, Wall MB, Tanner M, Kaelen M, McGonigle J, Murphy K, Leech R, Curran HV, Nutt DJ.", "abstract": "Psilocybin with psychological support is showing promise as a treatment model in psychiatry but its therapeutic mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) were measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) before and after treatment with psilocybin (serotonin agonist) for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Quality pre and post treatment fMRI data were collected from 16 of 19 patients. Decreased depressive symptoms were observed in all 19 patients at 1-week post-treatment and 47% met criteria for response at 5 weeks. Whole-brain analyses revealed post-treatment decreases in CBF in the temporal cortex, including the amygdala. Decreased amygdala CBF correlated with reduced depressive symptoms. Focusing on a priori selected circuitry for RSFC analyses, increased RSFC was observed within the default-mode network (DMN) post-treatment. Increased ventromedial prefrontal cortex-bilateral inferior lateral parietal cortex RSFC was predictive of treatment response at 5-weeks, as was decreased parahippocampal-prefrontal cortex RSFC. These data fill an important knowledge gap regarding the post-treatment brain effects of psilocybin, and are the first in depressed patients. The post-treatment brain changes are different to previously observed acute effects of psilocybin and other 'psychedelics' yet were related to clinical outcomes. A 'reset' therapeutic mechanism is proposed.", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "publication_date": "2017-10-12", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-017-13282-7", "pubmed_id": "29030624", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13282-7", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Depression, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"29030624\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2762746674\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":589,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W202043522\",\"https://openalex.org/W1552940129\",\"https://openalex.org/W1963722081\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964807622\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972616052\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973776237\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982325587\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990134753\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992059353\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999520265\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006096283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006509419\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012702426\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018608345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024729467\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033034887\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033134445\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035495352\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036970657\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037316926\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044423747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055862036\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060895955\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061564920\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078524519\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083937514\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095438393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097563002\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103583518\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109492510\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117140276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122335802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123722617\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129736850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2131398580\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139505744\",\"https://openalex.org/W2143859454\",\"https://openalex.org/W2146747402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151721316\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2235823035\",\"https://openalex.org/W2330815024\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W2464316004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2616273018\",\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"https://openalex.org/W2735984207\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020826324\",\"display_name\":\"Leor Roseman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073080173\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Bolstridge\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060501027\",\"display_name\":\"Lysia Demetriou\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5249-0900\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5012877956\",\"display_name\":\"J. Nienke Pannekoek\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3954-5297\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069665617\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew B. Wall\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-6274\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051781791\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Tanner\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6706-6536\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110317265\",\"display_name\":\"John McGonigle\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5057824637\",\"display_name\":\"Kevin Murphy\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-313X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007616376\",\"display_name\":\"Robert Leech\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5801-6318\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061200799\",\"display_name\":\"H. Valerie Curran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-5214\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S196734849\",\"source_display_name\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13282-7\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2762746674" }, { "id": 2449, "title": "Psychedelic Drugs in Biomedicine.", "normalized_title": "psychedelic drugs in biomedicine", "authors": "Kyzar EJ, Nichols CD, Gainetdinov RR, Nichols DE, Kalueff AV.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, and psilocybin, exert profound effects on brain and behavior. After decades of difficulties in studying these compounds, psychedelics are again being tested as potential treatments for intractable biomedical disorders. Preclinical research of psychedelics complements human neuroimaging studies and pilot clinical trials, suggesting these compounds as promising treatments for addiction, depression, anxiety, and other conditions. However, many questions regarding the mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy of psychedelics remain. Here, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical data in this field, discuss their pharmacological mechanisms of action, and outline critical areas for future studies of psychedelic drugs, with the goal of maximizing the potential benefits of translational psychedelic biomedicine to patients.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-09-21", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1016/j.tips.2017.08.003", "pubmed_id": "28947075", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2017.08.003", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Psychophysiology, Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28947075\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Animal Study,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2424, "title": "Serotonergic hallucinogens in the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients suffering from a life-threatening disease: A systematic review.", "normalized_title": "serotonergic hallucinogens in the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients suffering from a life threatening disease a systematic review", "authors": "Reiche S, Hermle L, Gutwinski S, Jungaberle H, Gasser P, Majić T.", "abstract": "Anxiety and depression are some of the most common psychiatric symptoms of patients suffering with life-threatening diseases, often associated with a low quality of life and a poor overall prognosis. 5-HT2A-receptor agonists (serotonergic hallucinogens, 'psychedelics') like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin were first investigated as therapeutic agents in the 1960s. Recently, after a long hiatus period of regulatory obstacles, interest in the clinical use of these substances has resumed. The current article provides a systematic review of studies investigating psychedelics in the treatment of symptoms of existential distress in life-threatening diseases across different periods of research, highlighting how underlying concepts have developed over time. A systematic search for clinical trials from 1960 to 2017 revealed 11 eligible clinical trials involving a total number of N=445 participants, of which 7 trials investigated the use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (N=323), 3 trials investigated the use of psilocybin (N=92), and one trial investigated the use of dipropyltryptamine (DPT) (N=30). The 4 more recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (N=104) showed a significantly higher methodological quality than studies carried out in the 1960s and 1970s. Evidence supports that patients with life threatening diseases associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety benefit from the anxiolytic and antidepressant properties of serotonergic hallucinogens. Some studies anecdotally reported improvements in patients´ quality of life and reduced fear of death. Moreover, low rates of side effects were reported in studies that adhered to safety guidelines. Further studies are needed to determine how these results can be transferred into clinical practice.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-09-21", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.09.012", "pubmed_id": "28947181", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.09.012", "keywords": "Humans, Critical Illness, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Clinical Trials as Topic", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28947181\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Randomized Controlled Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5191, "title": "‘Magic mushroom’ enzyme mystery solved", "normalized_title": "magic mushroom enzyme mystery solved", "authors": "STEVE RITTER", "abstract": "The euphoria and hallucinations induced from eating Psilocybe “magic mushrooms” have earned the fungi a cult following. Albert Hofmann, a chemist at Sandoz, isolated and determined the structure of psilocybin, the main ingredient in the mushrooms that leads to the psychedelic effects, nearly 60 years ago. That discovery and subsequent mind-altering experiments by Harvard University psychologist Timothy F. Leary have left scientists longing to develop a large-scale synthesis of the compound for medical uses, which include treating anxiety, depression, and nicotine addiction. Yet no one has been able to unravel the enzymatic pathway the mushrooms use to make psilocybin until now. Janis Fricke, Felix Blei, and Dirk Hoffmeister of Friedrich Schiller University Jena have identified and characterized to the greatest extent so far the four enzymes that the mushrooms use to make psilocybin. The team then developed the first enzymatic synthesis of the compound, setting the stage for its possible", "journal": "C&EN Global Enterprise", "publication_date": "2017-08-20", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1021/cen-09533-notw1", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09533-notw1", "keywords": "Mushroom, MAGIC (telescope), Art, Biology, Botany, Physics, Astronomy, Fungal Biology and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:02", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2746206207\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2746206207\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015399425\",\"display_name\":\"STEVE RITTER\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2807-9390\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210177211\",\"source_display_name\":\"C&EN Global Enterprise\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09533-notw1\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2746206207" }, { "id": 2479, "title": "Could Hallucinogens Induce Permanent Pupillary Changes in (Ab)users? A Case Report from New Zealand.", "normalized_title": "could hallucinogens induce permanent pupillary changes in ab users a case report from new zealand", "authors": "Al-Imam A.", "abstract": "An eighteen-year-old female patient of the Caucasian ethnicity from Australasia presented with a persistently dilated pupil causing her discomfort and occasional burning sensation when she is outdoors due to oversensitivity to sunlight. However, her pupillary reaction to light (pupillary light reflex) was intact. The patient is a known user of psychedelic substances (entheogens) including LSD, NBOMe, psilocybin, and DMT. The condition affects both eyes to the same extent. Thorough medical, neurological, and radiological examinations, including an EEG and an MRI of the head and neck region, were completely normal. All these tests failed to detect any pathophysiological or anatomical abnormalities. The patient is a known case of chronic endogenous depression in association with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, for which she is taking citalopram and Ritalin, respectively. There was neither a family history nor a similar congenital condition in her family.", "journal": "Case Reports in Neurological Medicine", "publication_date": "2017-08-16", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1155/2017/2503762", "pubmed_id": "28948056", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2503762", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28948056\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2748929572\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2748929572\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":18,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W159503362\",\"https://openalex.org/W166804691\",\"https://openalex.org/W182927737\",\"https://openalex.org/W1593305029\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982770101\",\"https://openalex.org/W1985038588\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010863501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018400270\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027704663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030333429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050301653\",\"https://openalex.org/W2057780053\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064567362\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072138623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080292915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080618050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080760021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090563027\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094315000\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109063793\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110422029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145462275\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145766592\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147768883\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148275840\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155600799\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170147223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170871632\",\"https://openalex.org/W2204642832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2287161164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2374992170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2376755924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2516295730\",\"https://openalex.org/W2516889896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559946272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2585293760\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023654051\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088173235\",\"display_name\":\"Ahmed Al-Imam\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1846-9424\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2764983098\",\"source_display_name\":\"Case Reports in Neurological Medicine\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2503762\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Case Report", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2748929572" }, { "id": 2467, "title": "Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "potential therapeutic effects of psilocybin", "authors": "Johnson MW, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "Psilocybin and other 5-hydroxytryptamine2A agonist classic psychedelics have been used for centuries as sacraments within indigenous cultures. In the mid-twentieth century they were a focus within psychiatry as both probes of brain function and experimental therapeutics. By the late 1960s and early 1970s these scientific inquires fell out of favor because classic psychedelics were being used outside of medical research and in association with the emerging counter culture. However, in the twenty-first century, scientific interest in classic psychedelics has returned and grown as a result of several promising studies, validating earlier research. Here, we review therapeutic research on psilocybin, the classic psychedelic that has been the focus of most recent research. For mood and anxiety disorders, three controlled trials have suggested that psilocybin may decrease symptoms of depression and anxiety in the context of cancer-related psychiatric distress for at least 6 months following a single acute administration. A small, open-label study in patients with treatment-resistant depression showed reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms 3 months after two acute doses. For addiction, small, open-label pilot studies have shown promising success rates for both tobacco and alcohol addiction. Safety data from these various trials, which involve careful screening, preparation, monitoring, and follow-up, indicate the absence of severe drug-related adverse reactions. Modest drug-related adverse effects at the time of medication administration are readily managed. US federal funding has yet to support therapeutic psilocybin research, although such support will be important to thoroughly investigate efficacy, safety, and therapeutic mechanisms.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-06-30", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1007/s13311-017-0542-y", "pubmed_id": "28585222", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-017-0542-y", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28585222\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Review Article,Cancer Patients,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2466, "title": "[Psychotherapy with Adjuvant use of Serotonergic Psychoactive Substances: Possibilities and Challenges].", "normalized_title": "psychotherapy with adjuvant use of serotonergic psychoactive substances possibilities and challenges", "authors": "Majić T, Jungaberle H, Jungaberle H, Schmidt TT, Zeuch A, Hermle L, Gallinat J.", "abstract": "Background Recently, scientific interest in the therapeutic potential of serotonergic and psilocybin hallucinogens (psychedelics) such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and entactogens like 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) within the framework of psychotherapy has resumed. The present article provides an overview on the current evidence on substance-assisted psychotherapy with these substances. Method A selective search was carried out in the PubMed and Cochrane Library including studies investigating the clinical use of serotonergic psychoactive substances since 2000. Results Studies were found investigating the following indications: alcohol (LSD and psilocybin) and tobacco addiction (psilocybin), anxiety and depression in patients suffering from life-threatening somatic illness (LSD and psilocybin), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (psilocybin), treatment-resistant major depression (psilocybin), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (MDMA). Discussion Substance use disorders, PTSD and anxiety and depression in patients suffering from life-threatening somatic illness belong to the indications with the best evidence for substance-assisted psychotherapy with serotonergic psychoactive agents. To date, studies indicate efficacy and relatively good tolerability. Further studies are needed to determine whether these substances may represent suitable and effective treatment options for some treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders in the future.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-06-30", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1055/s-0043-103085", "pubmed_id": "28768346", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-103085", "keywords": "Humans, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Serotonin Agents, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Mental Disorders, Psychotherapy, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28768346\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Receptor Pharmacology,Safety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5202, "title": "Patients’ Accounts of Increased “Connectedness” and “Acceptance” After Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression", "normalized_title": "patients accounts of increased connectedness and acceptance after psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Rosalind Watts, Camilla Day, Jacob Krzanowski, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris", "abstract": "Objective: To identify patients’ perceptions of the value of psilocybin as a treatment for depression. Method: Twenty patients enrolled in an open-label trial of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression participated in a semistructured interview at 6-month follow-up. Thematic analysis was used to identify patients’ experiences of the treatment and how it compared with previous treatments. Results: Two main change processes were identified in relation to the treatment. The first concerned change from disconnection (from self, others, and world) to connection, and the second concerned change from avoidance (of emotion) to acceptance. A third theme concerned comparison between psilocybin and conventional treatments. Patients reported that medications and some short-term talking therapies tended to reinforce their sense of disconnection and avoidance, whereas treatment with psilocybin encouraged connection and acceptance. Conclusions: These results suggest that psilocybin treatment for depression may work via paradigmatically novel means, antithetical to antidepressant medications, and some short-term talking therapies.", "journal": "Journal of Humanistic Psychology", "publication_date": "2017-06-18", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1177/0022167817709585", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167817709585", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Disconnection, Psychology, Psychotherapist, Clinical psychology, Depression (economics), Antidepressant, Psychiatry, Depressive symptoms, Perception, Hallucinogen, Cognition, Law, Political science, Anxiety, Economics, Macroeconomics, Neuroscience, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:02", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2644260506\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":580,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W130335044\",\"https://openalex.org/W1525564204\",\"https://openalex.org/W1576456598\",\"https://openalex.org/W1658908529\",\"https://openalex.org/W1764612892\",\"https://openalex.org/W1766812542\",\"https://openalex.org/W1850907239\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964740141\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966770824\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970583087\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971459727\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978628664\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990973473\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992988709\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000909913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002208370\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008446402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012290379\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015880078\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055493706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064822410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076227492\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091415950\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098522618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116907639\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164370105\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2492489237\",\"https://openalex.org/W2501604135\",\"https://openalex.org/W2502147470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2506717582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2610144880\",\"https://openalex.org/W2897080393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2906151105\",\"https://openalex.org/W3028653725\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230012775\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240789427\",\"https://openalex.org/W4364348136\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110662235\",\"display_name\":\"Rosalind Watts\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109366794\",\"display_name\":\"Camilla Day\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5013504270\",\"display_name\":\"Jacob Krzanowski\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7749-5716\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101507504\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-9411\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S207414187\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Humanistic Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167817709585\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Emotional Processing,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2644260506" }, { "id": 5203, "title": "Cancer at the Dinner Table: Experiences of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Cancer-Related Distress", "normalized_title": "cancer at the dinner table experiences of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of cancer related distress", "authors": "Thomas Cody Swift, Alexander Belser, Gabrielle Agin-Liebes, Neşe Devenot, Sara Terrana, Harris L. Friedman, Jeffrey Guss, Anthony P. Bossis, Stephen Ross", "abstract": "Recent randomized controlled trials of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for patients with cancer suggest that this treatment results in large-magnitude reductions in anxiety and depression as well as improvements in attitudes toward disease progression and death, quality of life, and spirituality. To better understand these findings, we sought to identify psychological mechanisms of action using qualitative methods to study patient experiences in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 13 adult participants with clinically elevated anxiety associated with a cancer diagnosis who received a single dose of psilocybin under close clinical supervision. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis, which resulted in 10 themes, focused specifically on cancer, death and dying, and healing narratives. Participants spoke to the anxiety and trauma related to cancer, and perceived lack of available emotional support. Participants described the immersive and distressing effects of the psilocybin session, which led to reconciliations with death, an acknowledgment of cancer’s place in life, and emotional uncoupling from cancer. Participants made spiritual or religious interpretations of their experience, and the psilocybin therapy helped facilitate a felt reconnection to life, a reclaiming of presence, and greater confidence in the face of cancer recurrence. Implications for theory and clinical treatment are discussed.", "journal": "Journal of Humanistic Psychology", "publication_date": "2017-06-13", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1177/0022167817715966", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167817715966", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Anxiety, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Distress, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Cancer, Spirituality, Thematic analysis, Quality of life (healthcare), Grief, Qualitative research, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Alternative medicine, Internal medicine, Social science, Sociology, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:02", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2626493232\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":185,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W15451970\",\"https://openalex.org/W62922542\",\"https://openalex.org/W77146434\",\"https://openalex.org/W359263171\",\"https://openalex.org/W422801020\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607118314\",\"https://openalex.org/W1659048389\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973027306\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974043834\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978118367\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978737075\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996296427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2007445014\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033002423\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034293461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039746812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044788246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053764826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063166841\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2164276826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2188432899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2332087446\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2580169180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2608897054\",\"https://openalex.org/W2734455806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2912967094\",\"https://openalex.org/W3023887779\",\"https://openalex.org/W3166383367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249610630\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285719527\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002580794\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Cody Swift\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082087722\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander Belser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086059379\",\"display_name\":\"Neşe Devenot\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-0935\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060292622\",\"display_name\":\"Sara Terrana\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-9991\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086078170\",\"display_name\":\"Harris L. Friedman\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-4338\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015516801\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony P. Bossis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S207414187\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Humanistic Psychology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167817715966\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Randomized Controlled Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2626493232" }, { "id": 2470, "title": "Psilocybin-assisted therapy for anxiety and depression: implications for euthanasia.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy for anxiety and depression implications for euthanasia", "authors": "Strauss N.", "abstract": "", "journal": "The Medical Journal of Australia", "publication_date": "2017-05-31", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.5694/mja17.00081", "pubmed_id": "28918722", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5694/mja17.00081", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Euthanasia, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28918722\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2625663774\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2625663774\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W2034911394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116882919\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127654449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155768278\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2609770776\",\"https://openalex.org/W6683195483\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044554133\",\"display_name\":\"Nigel Strauss\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S13978405\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Medical Journal of Australia\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.5694/mja17.00081\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Randomized Controlled Trial", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2625663774" }, { "id": 2450, "title": "Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: A Review of a Novel Treatment for Psychiatric Disorders.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin assisted therapy a review of a novel treatment for psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Thomas K, Malcolm B, Lastra D.", "abstract": "Recent research suggests that functional connectivity changes may be involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Hyperconnectivity in the default mode network has been associated with psychopathology, but psychedelic serotonin agonists like psilocybin may profoundly disrupt these dysfunctional neural network circuits and provide a novel treatment for psychiatric disorders. We have reviewed the current literature to investigate the efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted therapy for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. There were seven clinical trials that investigated psilocybin-assisted therapy as a treatment for psychiatric disorders related to anxiety, depression, and substance use. All trials demonstrated reductions in psychiatric rating scale scores or increased response and remission rates. There were large effect sizes related to improved depression and anxiety symptoms. Psilocybin may also potentially reduce alcohol or tobacco use and increase abstinence rates in addiction, but the benefits of these two trials were less clear due to open-label study designs without statistical analysis. Psilocybin-assisted therapy efficacy and safety appear promising, but more robust clinical trials will be required to support FDA approval and identify the potential role in clinical psychiatry.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-05-07", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2017.1320734", "pubmed_id": "28481178", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2017.1320734", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Remission Induction, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28481178\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2456, "title": "The Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelic Drugs: Past, Present, and Future.", "normalized_title": "the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs past present and future", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Goodwin GM.", "abstract": "Plant-based psychedelics, such as psilocybin, have an ancient history of medicinal use. After the first English language report on LSD in 1950, psychedelics enjoyed a short-lived relationship with psychology and psychiatry. Used most notably as aids to psychotherapy for the treatment of mood disorders and alcohol dependence, drugs such as LSD showed initial therapeutic promise before prohibitive legislature in the mid-1960s effectively ended all major psychedelic research programs. Since the early 1990s, there has been a steady revival of human psychedelic research: last year saw reports on the first modern brain imaging study with LSD and three separate clinical trials of psilocybin for depressive symptoms. In this circumspective piece, RLC-H and GMG share their opinions on the promises and pitfalls of renewed psychedelic research, with a focus on the development of psilocybin as a treatment for depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-04-25", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1038/npp.2017.84", "pubmed_id": "28443617", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.84", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Mental Disorders, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28443617\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Clinical Trial", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2473, "title": "Ayahuasca, dimethyltryptamine, and psychosis: a systematic review of human studies.", "normalized_title": "ayahuasca dimethyltryptamine and psychosis a systematic review of human studies", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Bouso JC, Hallak JEC.", "abstract": "Ayahuasca is a hallucinogen brew traditionally used for ritual and therapeutic purposes in Northwestern Amazon. It is rich in the tryptamine hallucinogens dimethyltryptamine (DMT), which acts as a serotonin 5-HT2A agonist. This mechanism of action is similar to other compounds such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin. The controlled use of LSD and psilocybin in experimental settings is associated with a low incidence of psychotic episodes, and population studies corroborate these findings. Both the controlled use of DMT in experimental settings and the use of ayahuasca in experimental and ritual settings are not usually associated with psychotic episodes, but little is known regarding ayahuasca or DMT use outside these controlled contexts. Thus, we performed a systematic review of the published case reports describing psychotic episodes associated with ayahuasca and DMT intake. We found three case series and two case reports describing psychotic episodes associated with ayahuasca intake, and three case reports describing psychotic episodes associated with DMT. Several reports describe subjects with a personal and possibly a family history of psychosis (including schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorders, psychotic mania, psychotic depression), nonpsychotic mania, or concomitant use of other drugs. However, some cases also described psychotic episodes in subjects without these previous characteristics. Overall, the incidence of such episodes appears to be rare in both the ritual and the recreational/noncontrolled settings. Performance of a psychiatric screening before administration of these drugs, and other hallucinogens, in controlled settings seems to significantly reduce the possibility of adverse reactions with psychotic symptomatology. Individuals with a personal or family history of any psychotic illness or nonpsychotic mania should avoid hallucinogen intake.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-02-22", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1177/2045125316689030", "pubmed_id": "28540034", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125316689030", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28540034\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Systematic Review,Review Article,Case Report", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2474, "title": "The fibrinolytic system: A new target for treatment of depression with psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "the fibrinolytic system a new target for treatment of depression with psychedelics", "authors": "Idell RD, Florova G, Komissarov AA, Shetty S, Girard RB, Idell S.", "abstract": "Current understanding of the neurobiology of depression has grown over the past few years beyond the traditional monoamine theory of depression to include chronic stress, inflammation and disrupted synaptic plasticity. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is a key factor that not only promotes fibrinolysis via the activation of plasminogen, but also contributes to regulation of synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis through plasmin-mediated activation of a probrain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to mature BDNF. ProBDNF activation could potentially be supressed by competition with fibrin for plasmin and tPA. High affinity binding of plasmin and tPA to fibrin could result in a decrease of proBDNF activation during brain inflammation leading to fibrosis further perpetuating depressed mood. There is a paucity of data explaining the possible role of the fibrinolytic system or aberrant extravascular fibrin deposition in depression. We propose that within the brain, an imbalance between tPA and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and neuroserpin favors the inhibitors, resulting in changes in neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation that result in depressive behavior. Our hypothesis is that peripheral inflammation mediates neuroinflammation, and that cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) can inhibit the fibrinolytic system by up- regulating PAI-1 and potentially neuroserpin. We propose that the decrement of the activity of tPA and uPA occurs with downregulation of uPA in part involving the binding and clearance from the surface of neural cells of uPA/PAI-1 complexes by the urokinase receptor uPAR. We infer that current antidepressants and ketamine mitigate depressive symptoms by restoring the balance of the fibrinolytic system with increased activity of tPA and uPA with down-regulated intracerebral expression of their inhibitors. We lastly hypothesize that psychedelic 5-HT2a receptor agonists, such as psilocybin, can improve mood through anti- inflammatory and pro-fibrinolytic effects that include blockade of TNF-α activity leading to decreased PAI-1 activity and increased clearance. The process involves disinhibition of tPA and uPA with subsequent increased cleavage of proBDNF which promotes neurogenesis, decreased neuroinflammation, decreased fibrin deposition, normalized glial-neuronal cross-talk, and optimally functioning neuro-circuits involved in mood. We propose that psilocybin can alleviate deleterious changes in the brain caused by chronic stress leading to restoration of homeostatic brain fibrinolytic capacity leading to euthymia.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2017-01-22", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1016/j.mehy.2017.01.013", "pubmed_id": "28236848", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2017.01.013", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Inflammation, Ketamine, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Neuropeptides, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Serpins, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Fibrinolysis, Models, Theoretical, United States, Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator, Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator, Fibrinolysin, Psilocybin, Neuroserpin, Major Depressive Disorder", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28236848\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Neuroplasticity,Neurogenesis,Receptor Pharmacology,Inflammation", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2468, "title": "An online survey of tobacco smoking cessation associated with naturalistic psychedelic use.", "normalized_title": "an online survey of tobacco smoking cessation associated with naturalistic psychedelic use", "authors": "Johnson MW, Garcia-Romeu A, Johnson PS, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "Data suggest psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may hold therapeutic potential in the treatment of addictions, including tobacco dependence. This retrospective cross-sectional anonymous online survey characterized 358 individuals (52 females) who reported having quit or reduced smoking after ingesting a psychedelic in a non-laboratory setting ⩾1 year ago. On average, participants smoked 14 cigarettes/day for 8 years, and had five previous quit attempts before their psychedelic experience. Of the 358 participants, 38% reported continuous smoking cessation after psychedelic use (quitters). Among quitters, 74% reported >2 years' abstinence. Of the 358 participants, 28% reported a persisting reduction in smoking (reducers), from a mode of 300 cigarettes/month before, to a mode of 1 cigarette/month after the experience. Among reducers, 62% reported >2 years of reduced smoking. Finally, 34% of the 358 participants (relapsers) reported a temporary smoking reduction before returning to baseline smoking levels, with a mode time range to relapse of 3-6 months. Relapsers rated their psychedelic experience significantly lower in personal meaning and spiritual significance than both other groups. Participants across all groups reported less severe affective withdrawal symptoms (e.g. depression, craving) after psychedelic use compared with previous quit attempts, suggesting a potential mechanism of action for psychedelic-associated smoking cessation/reduction. Changes in life priorities/values were endorsed as the most important psychological factor associated with smoking cessation/reduction. Results suggest psychedelics may hold promise in treating tobacco addiction as potentially mediated by spiritual experience, changed priorities/values, and improved emotional regulation.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2017-01-17", "publication_year": 2017, "doi": "10.1177/0269881116684335", "pubmed_id": "28095732", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116684335", "keywords": "Humans, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Hallucinogens, Health Surveys, Retrospective Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Smoking Reduction", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28095732\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2573408014\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":128,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1545232577\",\"https://openalex.org/W1940682915\",\"https://openalex.org/W1957998952\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964397853\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968972959\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970318334\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973814761\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975107026\",\"https://openalex.org/W1975552694\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983911930\",\"https://openalex.org/W1999159677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2004525209\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006293429\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011293350\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013762461\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016744112\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017360110\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020765068\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2025716661\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031941084\",\"https://openalex.org/W2032391933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034911394\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039460330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043530175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2049865797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052341973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054806410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2061221064\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087952727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088429760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093477837\",\"https://openalex.org/W2094933578\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096567449\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096571901\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111920357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118061336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141348739\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159742582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160823143\",\"https://openalex.org/W2243916050\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336389811\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2490107109\",\"https://openalex.org/W4254090635\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5091708678\",\"display_name\":\"Albert Garcia-Romeu\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-1644\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082616184\",\"display_name\":\"Patrick S. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3970-2531\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116684335\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Observational Study", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2573408014" }, { "id": 5224, "title": "Magic mushrooms as a treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "magic mushrooms as a treatment for depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Psilocybin, a psychoactive component of magic mushrooms, is thought to have therapeutic potential in psychiatric disorders but its mechanism of action within the brain is unclear. In a study, researchers gave two doses of psilocybin to 19 patients with treatment-resistant depression, and studied blood flow within the brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at […]", "journal": "Clinical pharmacist", "publication_date": "2016-12-31", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1211/cp.2017.20204046", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1211/cp.2017.20204046", "keywords": "Psilocybin, MAGIC (telescope), Depression (economics), Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychiatry, Action (physics), Psychology, Medicine, Magnetic resonance imaging, Psychotherapist, Neuroscience, Psychoanalysis, Mechanism of action, Fungal Biology and Applications, Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4248666216\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4248666216\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":7,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210205712\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical pharmacist\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1211/cp.2017.20204046\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4248666216" }, { "id": 5221, "title": "Lysergsyradietylamid (LSD) och psilocybin vid depression och ångestsjukdom: En litteraturstudie om effekter och biverkningar av LSD- och psilocybin-assisterad psykoterapi", "normalized_title": "lysergsyradietylamid lsd och psilocybin vid depression och ångestsjukdom en litteraturstudie om effekter och biverkningar av lsd och psilocybin assisterad psykoterapi", "authors": "Natalie Engström", "abstract": "Lysergsyradietylamid (LSD) och psilocybin vid depression och angestsjukdom: En litteraturstudie om effekter och biverkningar av LSD- och psilocybin-assisterad psykoterapi", "journal": "KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)", "publication_date": "2016-12-31", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136681", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Digital Mental Health Interventions", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W3047601216\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W3047601216\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5046228599\",\"display_name\":\"Natalie Engström\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4306401559\",\"source_display_name\":\"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136681\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3047601216" }, { "id": 5215, "title": "Narrative therapy-assisted psilocybin use for treatment of depression", "normalized_title": "narrative therapy assisted psilocybin use for treatment of depression", "authors": "Carlyn Delavan", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-12-31", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://digitalcommons.spu.edu/spfc_research_conference/spfc_conf_2017/spfc_conf_2017_events/43/", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychotherapist, Narrative, Depression (economics), Psychology, Psychiatry, Narrative therapy, Medicine, Psychoanalysis, Hallucinogen, Art, Economics, Macroeconomics, Literature, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2797914777\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2797914777\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060018964\",\"display_name\":\"Carlyn Delavan\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://digitalcommons.spu.edu/spfc_research_conference/spfc_conf_2017/spfc_conf_2017_events/43/\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2797914777" }, { "id": 2477, "title": "Psychedelics as Medicines: An Emerging New Paradigm.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics as medicines an emerging new paradigm", "authors": "Nichols DE, Johnson MW, Nichols CD.", "abstract": "Scientific interest in serotonergic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin and LSD; 5-HT2A receptor agonists) has dramatically increased within the last decade. Clinical studies administering psychedelics with psychotherapy have shown preliminary evidence of robust efficacy in treating anxiety and depression, as well as addiction to tobacco and alcohol. Moreover, recent research has suggested that these compounds have potential efficacy against inflammatory diseases through novel mechanisms, with potential advantages over existing antiinflammatory agents. We propose that psychedelics exert therapeutic effects for psychiatric disorders by acutely destabilizing local brain network hubs and global network connectivity via amplification of neuronal avalanches, providing the occasion for brain network \"resetting\" after the acute effects have resolved. Antiinflammatory effects may hold promise for efficacy in treatment of inflammation-related nonpsychiatric as well as potentially for psychiatric disorders. Serotonergic psychedelics operate through unique mechanisms that show promising effects for a variety of intractable, debilitating, and lethal disorders, and should be rigorously researched.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-12-25", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1002/cpt.557", "pubmed_id": "28019026", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.557", "keywords": "Brain, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Inflammation, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Inflammation Mediators, Severity of Illness Index, Depression, Anxiety, Mental Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psychotherapy, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Clinical Trials as Topic, Mind-Body Therapies, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28019026\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Inflammation", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5225, "title": "Psilocybin to Manage Cancer-Related Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin to manage cancer related depression", "authors": "Bobby Lazzara", "abstract": "Dr. Bobby Lazzara reviews a small study testing the effects of psilocybin on depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-12-20", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://www.endocrinologynetwork.com/hormone-related-cancers/psilocybin-manage-cancer-related-depression", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Cancer, Psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Economics, Macroeconomics, Internal medicine, Psychedelics and Drug Studies", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2936772948\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2936772948\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072248274\",\"display_name\":\"Bobby Lazzara\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":null,\"source_display_name\":null,\"landing_page_url\":\"https://www.endocrinologynetwork.com/hormone-related-cancers/psilocybin-manage-cancer-related-depression\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Review Article,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2936772948" }, { "id": 2496, "title": "Psilocybin for anxiety and depression in cancer care? Lessons from the past and prospects for the future.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for anxiety and depression in cancer care lessons from the past and prospects for the future", "authors": "Nutt D.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-11-30", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/0269881116675754", "pubmed_id": "27909163", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116675754", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27909163\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2495, "title": "Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial.", "normalized_title": "rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life threatening cancer a randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Ross S, Bossis A, Guss J, Agin-Liebes G, Malone T, Cohen B, Mennenga SE, Belser A, Kalliontzi K, Babb J, Su Z, Corby P, Schmidt BL.", "abstract": "BackgroundClinically significant anxiety and depression are common in patients with cancer, and are associated with poor psychiatric and medical outcomes. Historical and recent research suggests a role for psilocybin to treat cancer-related anxiety and depression.MethodsIn this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 29 patients with cancer-related anxiety and depression were randomly assigned and received treatment with single-dose psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) or niacin, both in conjunction with psychotherapy. The primary outcomes were anxiety and depression assessed between groups prior to the crossover at 7 weeks.ResultsPrior to the crossover, psilocybin produced immediate, substantial, and sustained improvements in anxiety and depression and led to decreases in cancer-related demoralization and hopelessness, improved spiritual wellbeing, and increased quality of life. At the 6.5-month follow-up, psilocybin was associated with enduring anxiolytic and anti-depressant effects (approximately 60-80% of participants continued with clinically significant reductions in depression or anxiety), sustained benefits in existential distress and quality of life, as well as improved attitudes towards death. The psilocybin-induced mystical experience mediated the therapeutic effect of psilocybin on anxiety and depression.ConclusionsIn conjunction with psychotherapy, single moderate-dose psilocybin produced rapid, robust and enduring anxiolytic and anti-depressant effects in patients with cancer-related psychological distress.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00957359.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2016-11-30", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/0269881116675512", "pubmed_id": "27909164", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116675512", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Anxiety, Psychotherapy, Quality of Life, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27909164\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1692,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W99126694\",\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1568032404\",\"https://openalex.org/W1657674651\",\"https://openalex.org/W1659048389\",\"https://openalex.org/W1845447069\",\"https://openalex.org/W1849190772\",\"https://openalex.org/W1851140426\",\"https://openalex.org/W1862997372\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968213313\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973763578\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990140024\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990644324\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000273941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003260978\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003982930\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009540666\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009606758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011190163\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011429970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014622858\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020401373\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2033784736\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034806753\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043283741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044194878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044264234\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052341973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052745551\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060831503\",\"https://openalex.org/W2063210933\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071947985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2072833030\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074483296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077188072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080744486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083894864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086066229\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088140721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2089437545\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095438393\",\"https://openalex.org/W2098462422\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103951395\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104516271\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110735387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115510970\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123274136\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123750279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129736850\",\"https://openalex.org/W2133371501\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134458928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137699706\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139103520\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150215146\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151985832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156033378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157803948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2162137803\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170915041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346390990\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396361768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474274656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243384253\",\"https://openalex.org/W4251018542\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5007445878\",\"display_name\":\"Stephen Ross\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3037\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015516801\",\"display_name\":\"Anthony P. Bossis\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5026405762\",\"display_name\":\"Jeffrey Guss\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5041698353\",\"display_name\":\"Gabrielle Agin-Liebes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-229X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5072909845\",\"display_name\":\"Tara C. Malone\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5102855622\",\"display_name\":\"Barry H Cohen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-1927\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5087382833\",\"display_name\":\"Sarah E. Mennenga\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5082087722\",\"display_name\":\"Alexander Belser\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5037957939\",\"display_name\":\"Krystallia Kalliontzi\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052171046\",\"display_name\":\"James S. Babb\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1798-1186\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101987785\",\"display_name\":\"Zhe Su\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2883-6996\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001715618\",\"display_name\":\"Patricia Corby\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015929707\",\"display_name\":\"Brian L. Schmidt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2409-8984\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116675512\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Randomized Controlled Trial,Observational Study,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Randomized Controlled Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2559739670" }, { "id": 2494, "title": "Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer: A randomized double-blind trial.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life threatening cancer a randomized double blind trial", "authors": "Griffiths RR, Johnson MW, Carducci MA, Umbricht A, Richards WA, Richards BD, Cosimano MP, Klinedinst MA.", "abstract": "Cancer patients often develop chronic, clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety. Previous studies suggest that psilocybin may decrease depression and anxiety in cancer patients. The effects of psilocybin were studied in 51 cancer patients with life-threatening diagnoses and symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. This randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial investigated the effects of a very low (placebo-like) dose (1 or 3 mg/70 kg) vs. a high dose (22 or 30 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin administered in counterbalanced sequence with 5 weeks between sessions and a 6-month follow-up. Instructions to participants and staff minimized expectancy effects. Participants, staff, and community observers rated participant moods, attitudes, and behaviors throughout the study. High-dose psilocybin produced large decreases in clinician- and self-rated measures of depressed mood and anxiety, along with increases in quality of life, life meaning, and optimism, and decreases in death anxiety. At 6-month follow-up, these changes were sustained, with about 80% of participants continuing to show clinically significant decreases in depressed mood and anxiety. Participants attributed improvements in attitudes about life/self, mood, relationships, and spirituality to the high-dose experience, with >80% endorsing moderately or greater increased well-being/life satisfaction. Community observer ratings showed corresponding changes. Mystical-type psilocybin experience on session day mediated the effect of psilocybin dose on therapeutic outcomes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00465595.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2016-11-30", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/0269881116675513", "pubmed_id": "27909165", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116675513", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Follow-Up Studies, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Attitude, Depression, Anxiety, Quality of Life, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27909165\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2167,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607171655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1659048389\",\"https://openalex.org/W1845447069\",\"https://openalex.org/W1849190772\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964290581\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965295590\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966158258\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980958940\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981610704\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987414908\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988792451\",\"https://openalex.org/W1989201634\",\"https://openalex.org/W1991353191\",\"https://openalex.org/W1992694138\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010322651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2012504366\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2024490100\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031343230\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039746812\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051861629\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082535915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2120051206\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136554267\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149879755\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153153465\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166281097\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166928505\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170246810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340349159\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2930381162\",\"https://openalex.org/W3216011893\",\"https://openalex.org/W3217134939\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229598987\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302573313\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5001783218\",\"display_name\":\"Michael A. Carducci\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-1215\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5011609627\",\"display_name\":\"Annie Umbricht\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6153-5680\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039889194\",\"display_name\":\"William A. Richards\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-9249\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034785335\",\"display_name\":\"Brian D. Richards\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5025469924\",\"display_name\":\"Mary P Cosimano\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5074995610\",\"display_name\":\"Margaret A. Klinedinst\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116675513\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress,Wellbeing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Observational Study,Cancer Patients,Healthcare Workers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2558412547" }, { "id": 2490, "title": "Psilocybin for depression and anxiety associated with life-threatening illnesses.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for depression and anxiety associated with life threatening illnesses", "authors": "McCorvy JD, Olsen RH, Roth BL.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-11-30", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/0269881116675771", "pubmed_id": "27909171", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116675771", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Anxiety, Depressive Disorder, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27909171\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,End-of-Life Distress", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2498, "title": "The Challenging Experience Questionnaire: Characterization of challenging experiences with psilocybin mushrooms.", "normalized_title": "the challenging experience questionnaire characterization of challenging experiences with psilocybin mushrooms", "authors": "Barrett FS, Bradstreet MP, Leoutsakos JS, Johnson MW, Griffiths RR.", "abstract": "Acute adverse psychological reactions to classic hallucinogens (\"bad trips\" or \"challenging experiences\"), while usually benign with proper screening, preparation, and support in controlled settings, remain a safety concern in uncontrolled settings (such as illicit use contexts). Anecdotal and case reports suggest potential adverse acute symptoms including affective (panic, depressed mood), cognitive (confusion, feelings of losing sanity), and somatic (nausea, heart palpitation) symptoms. Responses to items from several hallucinogen-sensitive questionnaires (Hallucinogen Rating Scale, the States of Consciousness Questionnaire, and the Five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness questionnaire) in an Internet survey of challenging experiences with the classic hallucinogen psilocybin were used to construct and validate a Challenging Experience Questionnaire. The stand-alone Challenging Experience Questionnaire was then validated in a separate sample. Seven Challenging Experience Questionnaire factors (grief, fear, death, insanity, isolation, physical distress, and paranoia) provide a phenomenological profile of challenging aspects of experiences with psilocybin. Factor scores were associated with difficulty, meaningfulness, spiritual significance, and change in well-being attributed to the challenging experiences. The factor structure did not differ based on gender or prior struggle with anxiety or depression. The Challenging Experience Questionnaire provides a basis for future investigation of predictors and outcomes of challenging experiences with classic hallucinogens.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2016-11-16", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/0269881116678781", "pubmed_id": "27856683", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116678781", "keywords": "Humans, Agaricales, Hallucinogens, Depression, Emotions, Affect, Anxiety, Adult, Female, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27856683\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2549202270\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":363,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W110752286\",\"https://openalex.org/W1037524820\",\"https://openalex.org/W1144621943\",\"https://openalex.org/W1665332082\",\"https://openalex.org/W1849553904\",\"https://openalex.org/W1913957972\",\"https://openalex.org/W1978885184\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1984872228\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988039343\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998631480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2003424951\",\"https://openalex.org/W2005532382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010322651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018201949\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030852069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036881116\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041992296\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044783071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054754029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054806410\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071666535\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076192530\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077664164\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081605480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091746900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109543774\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109884356\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118338381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127603512\",\"https://openalex.org/W2128017833\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129945845\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136547541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140013897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163988453\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173025637\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312475727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2336591896\",\"https://openalex.org/W2337964085\",\"https://openalex.org/W2340085151\",\"https://openalex.org/W2341558148\",\"https://openalex.org/W2346262441\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2439685582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2474274656\",\"https://openalex.org/W2485710272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2513336695\",\"https://openalex.org/W2558412547\",\"https://openalex.org/W2559739670\",\"https://openalex.org/W2582743722\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211211437\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237255258\",\"https://openalex.org/W4299927410\",\"https://openalex.org/W4388250061\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5005540871\",\"display_name\":\"Frederick S. Barrett\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3237\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021875597\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew P. Bradstreet\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5084456660\",\"display_name\":\"Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-1046\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030387003\",\"display_name\":\"Matthew W. Johnson\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-0513\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002583244\",\"display_name\":\"Roland R. Griffiths\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-7854\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116678781\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Consciousness,Wellbeing,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Case Report,Observational Study,Safety", "study_type": "Case Report", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2549202270" }, { "id": 2497, "title": "Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar mood disorders: a systematic review.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar mood disorders a systematic review", "authors": "Rucker JJ, Jelen LA, Flynn S, Frowde KD, Young AH.", "abstract": "Unipolar mood disorders, including major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), confer high rates of disability and mortality and a very high socioeconomic burden. Current treatment is suboptimal in most cases and there is little of note in the pharmaceutical development pipeline. The psychedelic drugs, including lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin, were used extensively in the treatment of mood disorders, and other psychiatric conditions, before their prohibition in the late 1960s. They are relatively safe when used in medically controlled environments, with no reported risk of dependence. Here, we present a systematic review of published clinical treatment studies using psychedelics in patients with broadly defined UMD, and consider their place in psychiatry. Whilst all of the included studies have methodological shortcomings, of 423 individuals in 19 studies, 335 (79.2%) showed clinician-judged improvement after treatment with psychedelics. A recently completed pilot study in the UK favours the use of psilocybin with psychological support in treatment resistant depressive disorder. The evidence overall strongly suggests that psychedelics should be re-examined in modern clinical trials for their use in unipolar mood disorders and other non-psychotic mental health conditions.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-11-16", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/0269881116679368", "pubmed_id": "27856684", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116679368", "keywords": "Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Treatment Outcome, Pilot Projects, Mood Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27856684\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Healthcare Workers,Safety", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2481, "title": "Role of psilocybin in the treatment of depression.", "normalized_title": "role of psilocybin in the treatment of depression", "authors": "Mahapatra A, Gupta R.", "abstract": "Psilocybin is a naturally occurring alkaloid, pharmacologically similar to the classic hallucinogen lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Although primarily used as a recreational drug or an entheogen in particular cultural settings, recent population based studies have shown that it does not lead to serious physical or mental health problems or dependent use. In view of recent work demonstrating psilocybin's potential to increase subjective sense of wellbeing and because of its novel mechanism of 5-HT2A serotonin receptor agonism, it is being explored for possible therapeutic utility in mood and anxiety disorders.", "journal": "Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2016-10-26", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/2045125316676092", "pubmed_id": "28101325", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125316676092", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"28101325\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2542493272\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2542493272\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":37,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W193655439\",\"https://openalex.org/W1191653087\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060307846\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066231855\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080744486\",\"https://openalex.org/W2092517056\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2419844652\",\"https://openalex.org/W4252587084\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5061717446\",\"display_name\":\"Ananya Mahapatra\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-1762\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101460226\",\"display_name\":\"Rishi Gupta\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1505-2498\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2765027927\",\"source_display_name\":\"Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125316676092\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Wellbeing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2542493272" }, { "id": 5231, "title": "Psilocybin as an alternative medicine for patients suffering from depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin as an alternative medicine for patients suffering from depression", "authors": "Karolina Dydak, Mariola Śliwińska-Mossoń, Halina Milnerowicz", "abstract": "Psylocybina jest substancją psychodysleptyczną pochodzenia naturalnego, występuje w grzybach rodzaju Psilocybe. Psychodysleptyki są środkami psychoaktywnymi, które silnie wpływają na percepcję, nastrój i procesy poznawcze człowieka. Psychodeliczne działanie psylocybiny opiera się na pobudzaniu receptorów serotoninergicznych, co prowadzi do wzrostu stężenia serotoniny w mózgu oraz przyczynia się do intensyfikacji czynności sensomotorycznych i percepcyjnych. Skutkiem działania psylocybiny na ludzki organizm są różne zmiany w zachowaniu - często stany euforyczne, rozweselenie, poczucie lekkości i jedności z otaczającym światem. Dodatkowo psylocybina powoduje modyfikację percepcji nieudającą rzeczywistości, często błędnie określaną mianem halucynacji. Działanie psylocybiny można porównać do działania LSD (dietyloamidu kwasu D-lizergowego), jednak wielokrotnie osłabionego. Psylocybina znajduje się w wykazie środków odurzających w grupie I-P, czyli substancji bez zastosowań medycznych i o dużym potencjale nadużywania, które są wyłączone z obrotu farmaceutycznego i mogą być używane wyłącznie do badań naukowych. Jednak właściwości psylocybiny pozwalają rozważać jej wykorzystanie w lecznictwie. Do schorzeń, w których zastosowanie tej substancji przynosi wymierne efekty, należy depresja. Badania prowadzone na ochotnikach dowodzą, że psylocybina może być dobrą alternatywą dla dostępnych obecnie leków przeciwdepresyjnych - wykazano jej skuteczność i potwierdzono bardzo niską toksyczność.", "journal": "Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna", "publication_date": "2016-09-29", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.15557/pipk.2016.0023", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2016.0023", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, Psychology, Hallucinogen, Macroeconomics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, Diverse academic research themes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2572466674\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2572466674\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":8,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":2,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W656456106\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982429022\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074371541\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104320372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130119797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411718298\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023997309\",\"display_name\":\"Karolina Dydak\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9698-5710\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5088121399\",\"display_name\":\"Mariola Śliwińska-Mossoń\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6565-1013\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040587198\",\"display_name\":\"Halina Milnerowicz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0772-9852\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2739126905\",\"source_display_name\":\"Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2016.0023\",\"is_oa\":true}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2572466674" }, { "id": 5233, "title": "Psilocybin zur Behandlung der therapieresistenten Depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin zur behandlung der therapieresistenten depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "Fazit Die vorliegende Studie gibt erste Hinweise auf eine Wirksamkeit von Psilocybin bei chronischen Depressionen. Weitere positive Effekte dieser Substanz konnten bereits in anderen Zusammenhängen nachgewiesen werden. Bei nun nachgewiesener, guter Machbarkeit, motivieren die Autoren zu weiteren kontrollierten Studien mit diesem Wirkstoff.", "journal": "PSYCH up2date", "publication_date": "2016-09-07", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1055/s-0042-110896", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-110896", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Gynecology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Hallucinogen, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4252759495\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4252759495\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210233424\",\"source_display_name\":\"PSYCH up2date\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-110896\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4252759495" }, { "id": 2505, "title": "Psilocybin: panacea or placebo?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin panacea or placebo", "authors": "Hendrie C, Pickles A.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-08-31", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30103-1", "pubmed_id": "27568263", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30103-1", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Feasibility Studies, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27568263\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2504, "title": "Question-based Drug Development for psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "question based drug development for psilocybin", "authors": "Dijkstra FM, Jacobs GE, Cohen AF.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-08-31", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30214-0", "pubmed_id": "27568265", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30214-0", "keywords": "Hallucinogens, Feasibility Studies, Depression, Psilocybin, Drug Development", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27568265\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2486, "title": "Return of the psychedelics: Psilocybin for treatment resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "return of the psychedelics psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Patra S.", "abstract": "Psilocybin, the clinically most researched classic psychedelic has recently been tested for its safety and efficacy in a clinical population of treatment resistant depression. The efficacy of psilocybin in clinical depression previously demonstrated in the elecrophysiologic and neuroimaging findings as also in neuropsychological assessments is further validated by the findings of this rigorously conducted randomized trial. Mechanism of action of psilocybin and efficacy in treatment resistant depression are discussed in this paper. Ethical issues of conducting clinical trials with psychedelics are also discussed with particular emphasis on their relative safety and absence of addiction potential. Implications of these issues for conduct of larger trials for establishing risk benefit ratio in treatment resistant depression are further suggested.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-08-22", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1016/j.ajp.2016.08.010", "pubmed_id": "27931907", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2016.08.010", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27931907\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Mechanism of Action,Aging,Clinical Trial,Safety", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2478, "title": "Psilocybin for treating substance use disorders?", "normalized_title": "psilocybin for treating substance use disorders", "authors": "de Veen BT, Schellekens AF, Verheij MM, Homberg JR.", "abstract": "IntroductionEvidence based treatment for Substance use disorders (SUD) includes psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. However, these are only partially effective. Hallucinogens, such as psilocybin, may represent potential new treatment options for SUD. This review provides a summary of (human) studies on the putative therapeutic effects of psilocybin, and discusses the receptor systems, brain regions and cognitive and emotional processes mediating psilocybin's effects. Psilocybin's chemical structure is similar to that of serotonin. Dysregulations in the serotonin system are associated with alterations in stress hormones, such as cortisol, and mood disorders. After psilocybin administration cortisol levels spike and activate the executive control network, with subsequent increased control over emotional processes, and relief of negative thinking and persistent negative emotions. Preliminary data of ongoing alcohol and smoking addiction studies in humans shows promising effects of psilocybin administration on substance use. Importantly, psilocybin has a low risk of toxicity and dependence and can be used safely under controlled clinical conditions. Areas covered: This paper is a narrative review based on the search terms: psilocybin, substance use disorder, addiction, depression, serotonin. Literature on potential efficacy and mechanisms of action of psilocybin in SUD is discussed. Expert commentary: Recent positive findings with psilocybin need confirmation in well-designed placebo controlled randomized trials employing a large sample size.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-08-11", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1080/14737175.2016.1220834", "pubmed_id": "27684102", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2016.1220834", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Depression, Emotions, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:04", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27684102\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2524, "title": "Treating Addiction: Perspectives from EEG and Imaging Studies on Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "treating addiction perspectives from eeg and imaging studies on psychedelics", "authors": "Tófoli LF, de Araujo DB.", "abstract": "Despite reports of apparent benefits, social and political pressure beginning in the late 1960s effectively banned scientific inquiry into psychedelic substances. Covert examination of psychedelics persisted through the 1990s; the turn of the century and especially the past 10 years, however, has seen a resurgent interest in psychedelic substances (eg, LSD, ayahuasca, psilocybin). This chapter outlines relevant EEG and brain imaging studies evaluating the effects of psychedelics on the brain. This chapter also reviews evidence of the use of psychedelics as adjunct therapy for a number of psychiatric and addictive disorders. In particular, psychedelics appear to have efficacy in treating depression and alcohol-use disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-07-24", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1016/bs.irn.2016.06.005", "pubmed_id": "27503452", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2016.06.005", "keywords": "Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Hallucinogens, Electroencephalography, Neuroimaging", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27503452\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Aging,Review Article", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2508, "title": "Antidepressant, Antipsychotic, and Hallucinogen Drugs for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders: A Convergence at the Serotonin-2A Receptor.", "normalized_title": "antidepressant antipsychotic and hallucinogen drugs for the treatment of psychiatric disorders a convergence at the serotonin 2a receptor", "authors": "Howland RH.", "abstract": "Antidepressant, atypical antipsychotic, and hallucinogen drugs mediate their actions in part by interactions with the serotonin-2A (5HT2A) receptor. Serotonergic hallucinogen drugs, such as psilocybin, bind most potently as agonists at the 5HT2A receptor, producing profound changes in perception, mood, and cognition. Some of these drugs have been or are currently being investigated in small Phase 2 studies for depression, alcoholism, smoking cessation, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. However, unlike the synergistic effects of combining antidepressant and atypical antipsychotic drugs, the potential therapeutic effects of hallucinogen drugs may be attenuated by the concurrent use of these medications because antidepressant and atypical antipsychotic drugs desensitize and/or down-regulate 5HT2A receptors. This finding has important implications for optimizing the potential therapeutic use of hallucinogen drugs in psychiatry. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 54(7), 21-24.].", "journal": "Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services", "publication_date": "2016-06-30", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.3928/02793695-20160616-09", "pubmed_id": "27362381", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20160616-09", "keywords": "Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Antipsychotic Agents, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Mental Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27362381\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2470545286\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2470545286\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":22,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1822227732\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986484493\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990644324\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998648170\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043855378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067956201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070290797\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078389180\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083894864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087877032\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088140721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123750279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149634179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2334295439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2416665044\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022130020\",\"display_name\":\"Robert H. Howland\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-6010\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S31827231\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20160616-09\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Receptor Pharmacology,Clinical Trial,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2470545286" }, { "id": 2512, "title": "Magic mushroom compound is a potential treatment for patients with major depression.", "normalized_title": "magic mushroom compound is a potential treatment for patients with major depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "A hallucinogenic compound derived from magic mushrooms could provide a new route for antidepressant research.", "journal": "Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain): 1987)", "publication_date": "2016-06-07", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.7748/ns.30.41.15.s18", "pubmed_id": "27286599", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27286599/", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:40", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"27286599\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5243, "title": "A Phenomenological Examination of Psilocybin and its Positive and Persisting Aftereffects", "normalized_title": "a phenomenological examination of psilocybin and its positive and persisting aftereffects", "authors": "Joseph A. Zamaria", "abstract": "This study is an examination of the positive and persisting psychological and behavioral aftereffects in eight individuals who reported consumption of psilocybin-containing mushrooms. Mushrooms containing psilocybin have been used for healing and spiritual purposes for thousands of years, and the therapeutic applications of psilocybin were scientifically examined beginning in the mid-20th century. Research from this era suggested that psilocybin was indicated as an effective adjunct to psychotherapy for conditions such as depression, anxiety, chemical dependency, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Recent research at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine demonstrated that participants who consumed psilocybin reported having profoundly meaningful experiences, and that these participants experienced persisting and positive changes to their mood, attitude, and behavior at 1-month and 14-month follow up. However, there has not yet been ample research examining the mechanism of the connection between participants’ experience with psilocybin and the existence of these positive and persisting aftereffects. This study employed a phenomenological approach, using an unstructured interview to gain an understanding of participants’ description of this mechanism. Eight adults were interviewed who reported using psilocybin in the past. A within-case analysis and cross-case analysis were conducted on the data, producing 11 themes within three categories: Set (which included the themes of Preliminary Anxiety and Substantial Preparation); Experience of Psilocybin Effect (which included the themes of Profound Shift in Attention, Unity Consciousness, Increased Introspection, Positive Emotional State, and Transcendental Experience); and Persisting Aftereffects (which included the themes of Short Term Reduction in Anxiety, Persisting Insight, Assistance with Psychological Distress, and Inspired Behavioral Change). Participants maintained insights gained during their experience of psilocybin far beyond the course of the substance. This research suggests that the positive and persisting aftereffects related to the consumption of psilocybin may be useful for psychological healing and growth, and that these aftereffects should continue to be studied.", "journal": "NeuroQuantology", "publication_date": "2016-05-23", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.14704/nq.2016.14.2.943", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.14704/nq.2016.14.2.943", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Cognitive psychology, Telepathy, Hallucinogen, Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapist, Medicine, Psychiatry, Alternative medicine, Pathology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W77478258\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W77478258\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":32,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5085330633\",\"display_name\":\"Joseph A. Zamaria\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S94466862\",\"source_display_name\":\"NeuroQuantology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.14704/nq.2016.14.2.943\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,OCD,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Spirituality", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W77478258" }, { "id": 2515, "title": "Sixty seconds on... psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "sixty seconds on psilocybin", "authors": "Hawkes N.", "abstract": "", "journal": "BMJ", "publication_date": "2016-05-17", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1136/bmj.i2775", "pubmed_id": "27194646", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i2775", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Depression, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, London, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27194646\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2407293282\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2407293282\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":11,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\",\"contextual-mushroom-match\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5110124705\",\"display_name\":\"Nigel Hawkes\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4393917726\",\"source_display_name\":\"BMJ\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i2775\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2407293282" }, { "id": 2511, "title": "Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: an open-label feasibility study.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin with psychological support for treatment resistant depression an open label feasibility study", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Bolstridge M, Rucker J, Day CM, Erritzoe D, Kaelen M, Bloomfield M, Rickard JA, Forbes B, Feilding A, Taylor D, Pilling S, Curran VH, Nutt DJ.", "abstract": "BackgroundPsilocybin is a serotonin receptor agonist that occurs naturally in some mushroom species. Recent studies have assessed the therapeutic potential of psilocybin for various conditions, including end-of-life anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and smoking and alcohol dependence, with promising preliminary results. Here, we aimed to investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of psilocybin in patients with unipolar treatment-resistant depression.MethodsIn this open-label feasibility trial, 12 patients (six men, six women) with moderate-to-severe, unipolar, treatment-resistant major depression received two oral doses of psilocybin (10 mg and 25 mg, 7 days apart) in a supportive setting. There was no control group. Psychological support was provided before, during, and after each session. The primary outcome measure for feasibility was patient-reported intensity of psilocybin's effects. Patients were monitored for adverse reactions during the dosing sessions and subsequent clinic and remote follow-up. Depressive symptoms were assessed with standard assessments from 1 week to 3 months after treatment, with the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS) serving as the primary efficacy outcome. This trial is registered with ISRCTN, number ISRCTN14426797.FindingsPsilocybin's acute psychedelic effects typically became detectable 30-60 min after dosing, peaked 2-3 h after dosing, and subsided to negligible levels at least 6 h after dosing. Mean self-rated intensity (on a 0-1 scale) was 0·51 (SD0·36) for the low-dose session and 0·75 (SD0·27) for the high-dose session. Psilocybin was well tolerated by all of the patients, and no serious or unexpected adverse events occurred. The adverse reactions we noted were transient anxiety during drug onset (all patients), transient confusion or thought disorder (nine patients), mild and transient nausea (four patients), and transient headache (four patients). Relative to baseline, depressive symptoms were markedly reduced 1 week (mean QIDS difference -11·8, 95% CI -9·15 to -14·35, p=0·002, Hedges' g=3·1) and 3 months (-9·2, 95% CI -5·69 to -12·71, p=0·003, Hedges' g=2) after high-dose treatment. Marked and sustained improvements in anxiety and anhedonia were also noted.InterpretationThis study provides preliminary support for the safety and efficacy of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression and motivates further trials, with more rigorous designs, to better examine the therapeutic potential of this approach.FundingMedical Research Council.", "journal": "The Lancet Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2016-05-16", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30065-7", "pubmed_id": "27210031", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30065-7", "keywords": "Humans, Treatment Outcome, Feasibility Studies, Social Support, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27210031\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2396675581\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1539,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W183123008\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970133878\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971459727\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997161439\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006861654\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020472715\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022443784\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037317432\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039056175\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055277208\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055312975\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075238613\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078821747\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080123927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083885069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100834566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137983723\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157384069\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170915041\",\"https://openalex.org/W2266766602\",\"https://openalex.org/W2398867243\",\"https://openalex.org/W6607541484\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5038609897\",\"display_name\":\"Robin Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5073080173\",\"display_name\":\"Mark Bolstridge\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5042444567\",\"display_name\":\"James Rucker\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-8088\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109366794\",\"display_name\":\"Camilla Day\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5044907549\",\"display_name\":\"David Erritzøe\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-6211\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5019717586\",\"display_name\":\"Mendel Kaelen\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-9346\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058082561\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Bloomfield\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1972-4610\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5065550029\",\"display_name\":\"James A. Rickard\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-6025\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5069886359\",\"display_name\":\"Ben Forbes\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8193-6107\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5071332026\",\"display_name\":\"Amanda Feilding\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1893\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5014436895\",\"display_name\":\"David Taylor\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-1710\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5103869816\",\"display_name\":\"Steve Pilling\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021720240\",\"display_name\":\"Valerie H. Curran\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-5214\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5016082897\",\"display_name\":\"David Nutt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-1401\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S2531556786\",\"source_display_name\":\"The Lancet Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30065-7\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Headache / Migraine,Receptor Pharmacology,Randomized Controlled Trial,Treatment-Resistant Depression,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2396675581" }, { "id": 2510, "title": "Altered states: psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.", "normalized_title": "altered states psilocybin for treatment resistant depression", "authors": "Cowen P.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-05-16", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30087-6", "pubmed_id": "27210032", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30087-6", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Feasibility Studies, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27210032\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2519, "title": "Psychedelics.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics", "authors": "Nichols DE.", "abstract": "Psychedelics (serotonergic hallucinogens) are powerful psychoactive substances that alter perception and mood and affect numerous cognitive processes. They are generally considered physiologically safe and do not lead to dependence or addiction. Their origin predates written history, and they were employed by early cultures in many sociocultural and ritual contexts. After the virtually contemporaneous discovery of (5R,8R)-(+)-lysergic acid-N,N-diethylamide (LSD)-25 and the identification of serotonin in the brain, early research focused intensively on the possibility that LSD and other psychedelics had a serotonergic basis for their action. Today there is a consensus that psychedelics are agonists or partial agonists at brain serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptors, with particular importance on those expressed on apical dendrites of neocortical pyramidal cells in layer V. Several useful rodent models have been developed over the years to help unravel the neurochemical correlates of serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor activation in the brain, and a variety of imaging techniques have been employed to identify key brain areas that are directly affected by psychedelics. Recent and exciting developments in the field have occurred in clinical research, where several double-blind placebo-controlled phase 2 studies of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in patients with cancer-related psychosocial distress have demonstrated unprecedented positive relief of anxiety and depression. Two small pilot studies of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy also have shown positive benefit in treating both alcohol and nicotine addiction. Recently, blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography have been employed for in vivo brain imaging in humans after administration of a psychedelic, and results indicate that intravenously administered psilocybin and LSD produce decreases in oscillatory power in areas of the brain's default mode network.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-03-31", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1124/pr.115.011478", "pubmed_id": "26841800", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.115.011478", "keywords": "Brain, Animals, Humans, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Hallucinogens, Models, Animal, Time Perception, Visual Perception, Sleep, Psychotic Disorders", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"26841800\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Default Mode Network,Aging,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2502, "title": "Exploring Hallucinogen Pharmacology and Psychedelic Medicine with Zebrafish Models.", "normalized_title": "exploring hallucinogen pharmacology and psychedelic medicine with zebrafish models", "authors": "Kyzar EJ, Kalueff AV.", "abstract": "After decades of sociopolitical obstacles, the field of psychiatry is experiencing a revived interest in the use of hallucinogenic agents to treat brain disorders. Along with the use of ketamine for depression, recent pilot studies have highlighted the efficacy of classic serotonergic hallucinogens, such as lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin, in treating addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety. However, many basic pharmacological and toxicological questions remain unanswered with regard to these compounds. In this study, we discuss psychedelic medicine as well as the behavioral and toxicological effects of hallucinogenic drugs in zebrafish. We emphasize this aquatic organism as a model ideally suited to assess both the potential toxic and therapeutic effects of major known classes of hallucinogenic compounds. In addition, novel drugs with hallucinogenic properties can be efficiently screened using zebrafish models. Well-designed preclinical studies utilizing zebrafish can contribute to the reemerging treatment paradigm of psychedelic medicine, leading to new avenues of clinical exploration for psychiatric disorders.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-03-21", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1089/zeb.2016.1251", "pubmed_id": "27002655", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2016.1251", "keywords": "Embryo, Nonmammalian, Animals, Zebrafish, Hallucinogens, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Models, Animal", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27002655\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Addiction,Pharmacology,Animal Study", "study_type": "Animal Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2513, "title": "Antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years.", "normalized_title": "antidepressive anxiolytic and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide lsd a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years", "authors": "Dos Santos RG, Osório FL, Crippa JA, Riba J, Zuardi AW, Hallak JE.", "abstract": "To date, pharmacological treatments for mood and anxiety disorders and for drug dependence show limited efficacy, leaving a large number of patients suffering severe and persistent symptoms. Preliminary studies in animals and humans suggest that ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may have antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive properties. Thus, we conducted a systematic review of clinical trials published from 1990 until 2015, assessing these therapeutic properties. Electronic searches were performed using the PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases. Only clinical trials published in peer-reviewed journals were included. Of these, 151 studies were identified, of which six met the established criteria. Reviewed studies suggest beneficial effects for treatment-resistant depression, anxiety and depression associated with life-threatening diseases, and tobacco and alcohol dependence. All drugs were well tolerated. In conclusion, ayahuasca, psilocybin and LSD may be useful pharmacological tools for the treatment of drug dependence, and anxiety and mood disorders, especially in treatment-resistant patients. These drugs may also be useful pharmacological tools to understand psychiatric disorders and to develop new therapeutic agents. However, all studies reviewed had small sample sizes, and half of them were open-label, proof-of-concept studies. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with more patients are needed to replicate these preliminary findings.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2016-03-17", "publication_year": 2016, "doi": "10.1177/2045125316638008", "pubmed_id": "27354908", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125316638008", "keywords": "", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:05", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"27354908\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Systematic Review,Review Article,Treatment-Resistant Depression", "study_type": "Systematic Review", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5256, "title": "Psilocybin shows potential as treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin shows potential as treatment for depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": "Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal", "publication_date": "2015-12-31", "publication_year": 2015, "doi": "10.1211/pj.2016.20201222", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2016.20201222", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychology, Keynesian economics, Economics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4248672862\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4248672862\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S80542161\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmaceutical journal/˜The œpharmaceutical journal\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2016.20201222\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4248672862" }, { "id": 5255, "title": "Psilocybin shows potential as treatment for depression", "normalized_title": "psilocybin shows potential as treatment for depression", "authors": "", "abstract": "", "journal": "Clinical pharmacist", "publication_date": "2015-12-31", "publication_year": 2015, "doi": "10.1211/cp.2016.20201222", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1211/cp.2016.20201222", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Depression (economics), Hallucinogen, Psychology, Psychiatry, Economics, Macroeconomics, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Chemical synthesis and alkaloids", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:03", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W4245491510\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W4245491510\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210205712\",\"source_display_name\":\"Clinical pharmacist\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1211/cp.2016.20201222\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4245491510" }, { "id": 5263, "title": "P.1.i.005 The 5-HT2A/1A agonist psilocybin reduces social pain and enhances empathy in healthy volunteers", "normalized_title": "p 1 i 005 the 5 ht2a 1a agonist psilocybin reduces social pain and enhances empathy in healthy volunteers", "authors": "Katrin H. Preller, Thomas Pokorny, Rainer Krähenmann, Milan Scheidegger, I. Dziobek, Philipp Stämpfli, F.X. Vollenweider", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2015-08-31", "publication_year": 2015, "doi": "10.1016/s0924-977x(15)30364-3", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(15)30364-3", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Empathy, Agonist, Psychology, Pharmacology, Medicine, Hallucinogen, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Receptor, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health Research Topics, Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2513457040\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2513457040\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":6,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009222806\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Pokorny\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113153562\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Krähenmann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050503083\",\"display_name\":\"Milan Scheidegger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-2208\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5020743185\",\"display_name\":\"I. Dziobek\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5064966055\",\"display_name\":\"Philipp Stämpfli\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1684-2416\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063133386\",\"display_name\":\"F.X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(15)30364-3\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Chronic Pain,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2513457040" }, { "id": 2542, "title": "Psychedelics not linked to mental health problems or suicidal behavior: a population study.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics not linked to mental health problems or suicidal behavior a population study", "authors": "Johansen PØ, Krebs TS.", "abstract": "A recent large population study of 130,000 adults in the United States failed to find evidence for a link between psychedelic use (lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin or mescaline) and mental health problems. Using a new data set consisting of 135,095 randomly selected United States adults, including 19,299 psychedelic users, we examine the associations between psychedelic use and mental health. After adjusting for sociodemographics, other drug use and childhood depression, we found no significant associations between lifetime use of psychedelics and increased likelihood of past year serious psychological distress, mental health treatment, suicidal thoughts, suicidal plans and suicide attempt, depression and anxiety. We failed to find evidence that psychedelic use is an independent risk factor for mental health problems. Psychedelics are not known to harm the brain or other body organs or to cause addiction or compulsive use; serious adverse events involving psychedelics are extremely rare. Overall, it is difficult to see how prohibition of psychedelics can be justified as a public health measure.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2015-03-04", "publication_year": 2015, "doi": "10.1177/0269881114568039", "pubmed_id": "25744618", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881114568039", "keywords": "Humans, Hallucinogens, Risk Factors, Retrospective Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Suicide, Attempted, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Adolescent, Adult, United States, Female, Male, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:40", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"25744618\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2097999899\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":299,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W86493770\",\"https://openalex.org/W171888871\",\"https://openalex.org/W832142260\",\"https://openalex.org/W1494326009\",\"https://openalex.org/W1603672910\",\"https://openalex.org/W1930038940\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965993892\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983580111\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983731006\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988574431\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996143523\",\"https://openalex.org/W1996607457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008525776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011221060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013576699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021054271\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021752411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2031351940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035199049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045125835\",\"https://openalex.org/W2052466574\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055517081\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066709094\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087848624\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100834566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104320372\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108914738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112590707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117522474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118739111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2122459973\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130373985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2137296158\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139192721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155854964\",\"https://openalex.org/W2156895313\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161795125\",\"https://openalex.org/W2235419790\",\"https://openalex.org/W2312475727\",\"https://openalex.org/W2335042732\",\"https://openalex.org/W2338364818\",\"https://openalex.org/W2395647020\",\"https://openalex.org/W2397494586\",\"https://openalex.org/W2409870141\",\"https://openalex.org/W2427846517\",\"https://openalex.org/W4240897905\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250575659\",\"https://openalex.org/W4256633715\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078179953\",\"display_name\":\"Pål-Ørjan Johansen\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022694095\",\"display_name\":\"Teri Suzanne Krebs\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881114568039\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Adolescents,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2097999899" }, { "id": 2558, "title": "Classical hallucinogens as antidepressants? A review of pharmacodynamics and putative clinical roles.", "normalized_title": "classical hallucinogens as antidepressants a review of pharmacodynamics and putative clinical roles", "authors": "Baumeister D, Barnes G, Giaroli G, Tracy D", "abstract": "Hallucinogens have been part of spiritual practice for millennia, but controversy surrounding their mind-manifesting effects led to their proscription by the mid-20th century, largely without evidence of harm or toxicity and despite nascent data suggesting therapeutic utility in treating depressive illnesses. This review explores their pharmacodynamic actions and the current limited data on their clinic effectiveness. These drugs appear to exert their psychedelic effects through their agonist or partial agonist activity at the serotonergic 5-HT2A receptor, though they also have affinity for other metabotropic serotonin receptors. Hallucinogen binding affects a wide range of intracellular signalling pathways, the precise nature of which remains incompletely understood. They alter the serotonergic tone of brainstem raphe nuclei that project through the brain; they interact with receptors in the prefrontal cortex altering connectivity patterns and intracellular functioning; and they disrupt inhibitory control of sensory input via the thalamus to the cortex. The serotonergic system has long been implicated in anxiety and depressive disorders, and is a major target of most existing antidepressants. Classical hallucinogens alter the functioning of this system, but not in the same way current medications do: whilst there are identified receptors and neurotransmitter pathways through which hallucinogens could therein produce therapeutic effects, the neurobiology of this remains speculative at this time. There is currently an extremely limited but growing literature on hallucinogen safety and clinical application. The drugs appear well tolerated by healthy controls and clinical populations, and the rapid tolerance to repeated administration might reduce the possibility of dependency. Clinical trials reported over the past decade have generally shown positive therapeutic potential, but they are notably few in number. Legislative policy has had a freezing effect on evaluation of these compounds, a better understanding of which might improve our knowledge of the processes involved in consciousness, the neuropathology of depression, and potentially open up new pharmacological therapies.", "journal": "Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2014-07-31", "publication_year": 2014, "doi": "10.1177/2045125314527985", "pubmed_id": "25083275", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25083275/", "keywords": "5-HT2A, LSD, antidepressants, anxiety, depression, hallucinogen, psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "PubMed", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:20:40", "raw_json": "{\"pubmed_id\":\"25083275\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Pharmacology,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Consciousness,Spirituality,Clinical Trial,Review Article,Safety,Toxicity", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2530, "title": "Psilocybin-Induced Decrease in Amygdala Reactivity Correlates with Enhanced Positive Mood in Healthy Volunteers.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced decrease in amygdala reactivity correlates with enhanced positive mood in healthy volunteers", "authors": "Kraehenmann R, Preller KH, Scheidegger M, Pokorny T, Bosch OG, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX.", "abstract": "BackgroundThe amygdala is a key structure in serotonergic emotion-processing circuits. In healthy volunteers, acute administration of the serotonin 1A/2A/2C receptor agonist psilocybin reduces neural responses to negative stimuli and induces mood changes toward positive states. However, it is little-known whether psilocybin reduces amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli and whether any change in amygdala reactivity is related to mood change.MethodsThis study assessed the effects of acute administration of the hallucinogen psilocybin (.16 mg/kg) versus placebo on amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli in 25 healthy volunteers using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Mood changes were assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the state portion of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A double-blind, randomized, cross-over design was used with volunteers counterbalanced to receive psilocybin and placebo in two separate sessions at least 14 days apart.ResultsAmygdala reactivity to negative and neutral stimuli was lower after psilocybin administration than after placebo administration. The psilocybin-induced attenuation of right amygdala reactivity in response to negative stimuli was related to the psilocybin-induced increase in positive mood state.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that acute treatment with psilocybin decreased amygdala reactivity during emotion processing and that this was associated with an increase of positive mood in healthy volunteers. These findings may be relevant to the normalization of amygdala hyperactivity and negative mood states in patients with major depression.", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2014-04-25", "publication_year": 2014, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010", "pubmed_id": "24882567", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010", "keywords": "Amygdala, Humans, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Depression, Affect, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Adult, Female, Male, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"24882567\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2093203605\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":324,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1547500656\",\"https://openalex.org/W1552978522\",\"https://openalex.org/W1607171655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1919168435\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968806178\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968837585\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968912840\",\"https://openalex.org/W1969392677\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974077854\",\"https://openalex.org/W1976753688\",\"https://openalex.org/W1987599891\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W1998637554\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000681816\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2015011531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016660677\",\"https://openalex.org/W2018013323\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020974659\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022272156\",\"https://openalex.org/W2023118385\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026832357\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030462630\",\"https://openalex.org/W2030472555\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038593489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040537810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044264234\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045411897\",\"https://openalex.org/W2050472078\",\"https://openalex.org/W2051271111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053750947\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054428623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058046532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060926272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062089925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062190490\",\"https://openalex.org/W2062577826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066231855\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077188072\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079346309\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082076406\",\"https://openalex.org/W2082369948\",\"https://openalex.org/W2087209021\",\"https://openalex.org/W2088160189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091715004\",\"https://openalex.org/W2095986387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096407697\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097031641\",\"https://openalex.org/W2102343823\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103880802\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109661582\",\"https://openalex.org/W2110290939\",\"https://openalex.org/W2111464173\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117590310\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117693696\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118492070\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118707925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119134849\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121748618\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130755626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136148200\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136485397\",\"https://openalex.org/W2136794022\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138538218\",\"https://openalex.org/W2147351252\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149721894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2152817345\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155690750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161085199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2168778334\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169615651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2169957979\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171055927\",\"https://openalex.org/W2173531201\",\"https://openalex.org/W2274313778\",\"https://openalex.org/W2285774466\",\"https://openalex.org/W2438505389\",\"https://openalex.org/W2913421382\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086978778\",\"display_name\":\"Rainer Kraehenmann\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-0726\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5040977207\",\"display_name\":\"Katrin H. Preller\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-7672\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5050503083\",\"display_name\":\"Milan Scheidegger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-2208\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5009222806\",\"display_name\":\"Thomas Pokorny\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8874\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5002125925\",\"display_name\":\"Oliver G. Bosch\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5807-0859\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology,Aging,Emotional Processing,Healthy Volunteers", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2093203605" }, { "id": 2567, "title": "The Heffter Research Institute: past and hopeful future.", "normalized_title": "the heffter research institute past and hopeful future", "authors": "Nichols DE.", "abstract": "This essay describes the founding of the Heffter Research Institute in 1993 and its development up to the present. The Institute is the only scientific research organization dedicated to scientific research into the medical value of psychedelics, and it has particularly focused on the use of psilocybin. The first clinical treatment study was of the value of psilocybin in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Next was a UCLA study of psilocybin to treat end-of-life distress in end-stage cancer patients. While that study was ongoing, a trial was started at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) to study the efficacy of psilocybin in treating anxiety and depression resulting from a cancer diagnosis. Following the successful completion of the UCLA project, a larger study was started at New York University, which is near completion. A pilot study of the value of psilocybin in treating alcoholism at the University of New Mexico also is nearing completion, with a larger two-site study being planned. Other studies underway involve the use of psilocybin in a smoking cessation program and a study of the effects of psilocybin in long-term meditators, both at JHU. The institute is now planning for a Phase 3 clinical trial of psilocybin to treat distress in end-stage cancer patients.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2013-12-31", "publication_year": 2013, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2014.873688", "pubmed_id": "24830182", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2014.873688", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Hallucinogens, Biomedical Research, Forecasting, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Academies and Institutes, New Mexico", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"24830182\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1982006269\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W1982006269\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":24,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W122113993\",\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W1968239400\",\"https://openalex.org/W1973613743\",\"https://openalex.org/W1974109667\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000909913\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006587749\",\"https://openalex.org/W2010322651\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038588928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048412304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091746900\",\"https://openalex.org/W2109422448\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396361768\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5101815306\",\"display_name\":\"David E. Nichols\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-1697\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2014.873688\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,OCD,End-of-Life Distress,Clinical Trial,Cancer Patients", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1982006269" }, { "id": 2579, "title": "Psychedelics and mental health: a population study.", "normalized_title": "psychedelics and mental health a population study", "authors": "Krebs TS, Johansen PØ.", "abstract": "BackgroundThe classical serotonergic psychedelics LSD, psilocybin, mescaline are not known to cause brain damage and are regarded as non-addictive. Clinical studies do not suggest that psychedelics cause long-term mental health problems. Psychedelics have been used in the Americas for thousands of years. Over 30 million people currently living in the US have used LSD, psilocybin, or mescaline.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between the lifetime use of psychedelics and current mental health in the adult population.MethodData drawn from years 2001 to 2004 of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health consisted of 130,152 respondents, randomly selected to be representative of the adult population in the United States. Standardized screening measures for past year mental health included serious psychological distress (K6 scale), mental health treatment (inpatient, outpatient, medication, needed but did not receive), symptoms of eight psychiatric disorders (panic disorder, major depressive episode, mania, social phobia, general anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and non-affective psychosis), and seven specific symptoms of non-affective psychosis. We calculated weighted odds ratios by multivariate logistic regression controlling for a range of sociodemographic variables, use of illicit drugs, risk taking behavior, and exposure to traumatic events.Results21,967 respondents (13.4% weighted) reported lifetime psychedelic use. There were no significant associations between lifetime use of any psychedelics, lifetime use of specific psychedelics (LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, peyote), or past year use of LSD and increased rate of any of the mental health outcomes. Rather, in several cases psychedelic use was associated with lower rate of mental health problems.ConclusionWe did not find use of psychedelics to be an independent risk factor for mental health problems.", "journal": "PLoS ONE", "publication_date": "2013-08-18", "publication_year": 2013, "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0063972", "pubmed_id": "23976938", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063972", "keywords": "Humans, Mescaline, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Data Collection, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, United States, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"23976938\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2014761647\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":337,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W130785204\",\"https://openalex.org/W1173585919\",\"https://openalex.org/W1481799070\",\"https://openalex.org/W1507098867\",\"https://openalex.org/W1620211670\",\"https://openalex.org/W1644566157\",\"https://openalex.org/W1872359764\",\"https://openalex.org/W1965812297\",\"https://openalex.org/W1970742603\",\"https://openalex.org/W1980862554\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981640239\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1983580111\",\"https://openalex.org/W1988574431\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000261029\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001101493\",\"https://openalex.org/W2008525776\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009134620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011221060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013576699\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014112381\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016744112\",\"https://openalex.org/W2021752411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026485584\",\"https://openalex.org/W2035199049\",\"https://openalex.org/W2041968943\",\"https://openalex.org/W2054893318\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064345287\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065164655\",\"https://openalex.org/W2066709094\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083999387\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099103834\",\"https://openalex.org/W2100834566\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106413689\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108914738\",\"https://openalex.org/W2112590707\",\"https://openalex.org/W2114629758\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116942691\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117522474\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117834601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2118100568\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2130373985\",\"https://openalex.org/W2135686698\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138148662\",\"https://openalex.org/W2139192721\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150903999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2155914606\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160313238\",\"https://openalex.org/W2165935447\",\"https://openalex.org/W2409870141\",\"https://openalex.org/W2422019304\",\"https://openalex.org/W2758523683\",\"https://openalex.org/W2923749790\",\"https://openalex.org/W3092554874\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4232895479\",\"https://openalex.org/W4237682118\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022694095\",\"display_name\":\"Teri Suzanne Krebs\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5078179953\",\"display_name\":\"Pål-Ørjan Johansen\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S202381698\",\"source_display_name\":\"PLoS ONE\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063972\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,PTSD,Observational Study,Adolescents,Safety", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2014761647" }, { "id": 2578, "title": "Psychiatry's next top model: cause for a re-think on drug models of psychosis and other psychiatric disorders.", "normalized_title": "psychiatry s next top model cause for a re think on drug models of psychosis and other psychiatric disorders", "authors": "Carhart-Harris RL, Brugger S, Nutt DJ, Stone JM.", "abstract": "Despite the widespread application of drug modelling in psychiatric research, the relative value of different models has never been formally compared in the same analysis. Here we compared the effects of five drugs (cannabis, psilocybin, amphetamine, ketamine and alcohol) in relation to psychiatric symptoms in a two-part subjective analysis. In the first part, mental health professionals associated statements referring to specific experiences, for example 'I don't bother to get out of bed', to one or more psychiatric symptom clusters, for example depression and negative psychotic symptoms. This measured the specificity of an experience for a particular disorder. In the second part, individuals with personal experience with each of the above-listed drugs were asked how reliably each drug produced the experiences listed in part 1, both acutely and sub-acutely. Part 1 failed to find any experiences that were specific for negative or cognitive psychotic symptoms over depression. The best model of positive symptoms was psilocybin and the best models overall were the acute alcohol and amphetamine models of mania. These results challenge current assumptions about drug models and motivate further research on this understudied area.", "journal": "Journal of Psychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2013-06-18", "publication_year": 2013, "doi": "10.1177/0269881113494107", "pubmed_id": "23784738", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881113494107", "keywords": "Humans, Cannabis, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Ethanol, Amphetamine, Ketamine, Pilot Projects, Mental Disorders, Psychiatry, Female, Male, Drug Users, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"23784738\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1982429022\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W1982429022\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":5,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":43,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W161649858\",\"https://openalex.org/W1964167179\",\"https://openalex.org/W1986571862\",\"https://openalex.org/W2006936427\",\"https://openalex.org/W2011221060\",\"https://openalex.org/W2016770185\",\"https://openalex.org/W2017358382\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027656344\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028498302\",\"https://openalex.org/W2028884770\",\"https://openalex.org/W2029674061\",\"https://openalex.org/W2037722480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044783071\",\"https://openalex.org/W2044788246\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045243340\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053347807\",\"https://openalex.org/W2065540111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2070461647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077239925\",\"https://openalex.org/W2079417531\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085688415\",\"https://openalex.org/W2090124411\",\"https://openalex.org/W2106292424\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119265191\",\"https://openalex.org/W2119738402\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2129374552\",\"https://openalex.org/W2138368199\",\"https://openalex.org/W2144598750\",\"https://openalex.org/W2145731152\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149317326\",\"https://openalex.org/W2160695817\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171056452\",\"https://openalex.org/W2734455806\",\"https://openalex.org/W2930381162\",\"https://openalex.org/W3187277950\",\"https://openalex.org/W4229920826\",\"https://openalex.org/W4302573313\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109246392\",\"display_name\":\"RL Carhart-Harris\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5058340620\",\"display_name\":\"Stefan Brugger\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2608-8173\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5113762702\",\"display_name\":\"DJ Nutt\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5053590250\",\"display_name\":\"James Stone\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3051-0135\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S136368880\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881113494107\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1982429022" }, { "id": 2591, "title": "Single treatments that have lasting effects: some thoughts on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and botulinum toxin and the anxiolytic effect of psilocybin.", "normalized_title": "single treatments that have lasting effects some thoughts on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and botulinum toxin and the anxiolytic effect of psilocybin", "authors": "Young SN.", "abstract": "Recent clinical trials suggest that 3 single biological treatments have effects that persist. Based on research showing that the muscles involved in facial expressions can feed back to influence mood, a single trial diminishing glabella frown lines with botulinum toxin demonstrated a significant antidepressant effect for 16 weeks. Based primarily on research with animal models of depression suggesting that glutamate may be involved in depression, the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist ketamine has been tested in several trials. A single dose decreased depression for up to a week. The reported effects of the use of mushrooms containing psilocybin by a number of cultures around the world has stimulated several trials showing beneficial effects of a single dose of psilocybin for over a year in healthy people, and for up to 3 months in patients with anxiety disorders who have advanced cancer. This article discusses these studies, their rationale, their possible mechanisms of action, the future clinical research required to establish these therapies and the basic research required to optimize single treatments that have lasting effects.", "journal": "Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental Research)", "publication_date": "2013-02-28", "publication_year": 2013, "doi": "10.1503/jpn.120128", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1503/jpn.120128", "keywords": "Animals, Humans, Ketamine, Anti-Dyskinesia Agents, Anesthetics, Dissociative, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Hallucinogens, Botulinum Toxins, Facial Expression, Treatment Outcome, Attitude, Behavior, Affect, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Placebo Effect, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"23171696\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W23171696\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W23171696\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":3,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"abstract:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":0,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5049614194\",\"display_name\":\"Ю. Д. Шмидт\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5062705477\",\"display_name\":\"Natalya Stepanovna Martyshenko\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4018-7899\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4210193633\",\"source_display_name\":\"Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental Research)\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://fundamental-research.ru/ru/article/view?id=34571\",\"is_oa\":true}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Mechanism of Action,Clinical Trial,Animal Study", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W23171696" }, { "id": 5313, "title": "Activation of Serotonin 2A Receptors Underlies the Psilocybin-Induced Effects on α Oscillations, N170 Visual-Evoked Potentials, and Visual Hallucinations", "normalized_title": "activation of serotonin 2a receptors underlies the psilocybin induced effects on α oscillations n170 visual evoked potentials and visual hallucinations", "authors": "Kometer, Michael, Schmidt, André, Jäncke, Lutz, Vollenweider, Franz X", "abstract": "", "journal": "Open MIND", "publication_date": "2012-12-31", "publication_year": 2012, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://openalex.org/W6929930661", "keywords": "Visual Hallucination, Neuroscience, Serotonin, Psychology, Medicine, Depression (economics), Receptor, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), 5-HT receptor, Hallucinogen, Central nervous system, Psychosis, Action (physics), Cognition, Visual perception, Blood disorders and treatments, CRISPR and Genetic Engineering, Genomics and Rare Diseases", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:04", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W6929930661\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W6929930661\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":5,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Kometer, Michael\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Schmidt, André\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Jäncke, Lutz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":null,\"display_name\":\"Vollenweider, Franz X\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4406922384\",\"source_display_name\":\"Open MIND\",\"landing_page_url\":null,\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Receptor Pharmacology,Genomics", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W6929930661" }, { "id": 2598, "title": "Illicit use of LSD or psilocybin, but not MDMA or nonpsychedelic drugs, is associated with mystical experiences in a dose-dependent manner.", "normalized_title": "illicit use of lsd or psilocybin but not mdma or nonpsychedelic drugs is associated with mystical experiences in a dose dependent manner", "authors": "Lyvers M, Meester M.", "abstract": "Psychedelic drugs have long been known to be capable of inducing mystical or transcendental experiences. However, given the common \"recreational\" nature of much present-day psychedelic use, with typical doses tending to be lower than those commonly taken in the 1960s, the extent to which illicit use of psychedelics today is associated with mystical experiences is not known. Furthermore the mild psychedelic MDMA (\"Ecstasy\") is more popular today than \"full\" psychedelics such as LSD or psilocybin, and the contribution of illicit MDMA use to mystical experiences is not known. The present study recruited 337 adults from the website and newsletter of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), most of whom reported use of a variety of drugs both licit and illicit including psychedelics. Although only a quarter of the sample reported \"spiritual\" motives for using psychedelics, use of LSD and psilocybin was significantly positively related to scores on two well-known indices of mystical experiences in a dose-related manner, whereas use of MDMA, cannabis, cocaine, opiates and alcohol was not. Results suggest that even in today's context of \"recreational\" drug use, psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin, when taken at higher doses, continue to induce mystical experiences in many users.", "journal": "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs", "publication_date": "2012-10-31", "publication_year": 2012, "doi": "10.1080/02791072.2012.736842", "pubmed_id": "23457892", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2012.736842", "keywords": "Humans, Consciousness Disorders, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Hallucinogens, Depression, Emotions, Anxiety, Empathy, Social Values, Demography, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Mysticism, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psilocybin, Illicit Drugs", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"23457892\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2135643379\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2135643379\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":97,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W62922542\",\"https://openalex.org/W592732404\",\"https://openalex.org/W648765347\",\"https://openalex.org/W1556636941\",\"https://openalex.org/W2013378223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034824117\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038814479\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2053764826\",\"https://openalex.org/W2064094124\",\"https://openalex.org/W2076371757\",\"https://openalex.org/W2077290623\",\"https://openalex.org/W2080914769\",\"https://openalex.org/W2081793457\",\"https://openalex.org/W2085554257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096652176\",\"https://openalex.org/W2099087240\",\"https://openalex.org/W2117834601\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2167605189\",\"https://openalex.org/W2171003894\",\"https://openalex.org/W2269371336\",\"https://openalex.org/W2320946752\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325207359\",\"https://openalex.org/W2326523421\",\"https://openalex.org/W2329739499\",\"https://openalex.org/W2509634917\",\"https://openalex.org/W2801279915\",\"https://openalex.org/W2955473053\",\"https://openalex.org/W4230313397\",\"https://openalex.org/W4239969516\",\"https://openalex.org/W4243746420\",\"https://openalex.org/W4249610630\",\"https://openalex.org/W4250575659\",\"https://openalex.org/W4298037052\",\"https://openalex.org/W4301064750\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5039905549\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Lyvers\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8355-3182\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5018855196\",\"display_name\":\"Molly Meester\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S149515109\",\"source_display_name\":\"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2012.736842\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Consciousness,Emotional Processing,Spirituality,Mystical Experience,Observational Study,Adolescents", "study_type": "Observational Study", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2135643379" }, { "id": 2597, "title": "Psilocybin biases facial recognition, goal-directed behavior, and mood state toward positive relative to negative emotions through different serotonergic subreceptors.", "normalized_title": "psilocybin biases facial recognition goal directed behavior and mood state toward positive relative to negative emotions through different serotonergic subreceptors", "authors": "Kometer M, Schmidt A, Bachmann R, Studerus E, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX.", "abstract": "BackgroundSerotonin (5-HT) 1A and 2A receptors have been associated with dysfunctional emotional processing biases in mood disorders. These receptors further predominantly mediate the subjective and behavioral effects of psilocybin and might be important for its recently suggested antidepressive effects. However, the effect of psilocybin on emotional processing biases and the specific contribution of 5-HT2A receptors across different emotional domains is unknown.MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind study, 17 healthy human subjects received on 4 separate days placebo, psilocybin (215 μg/kg), the preferential 5-HT2A antagonist ketanserin (50 mg), or psilocybin plus ketanserin. Mood states were assessed by self-report ratings, and behavioral and event-related potential measurements were used to quantify facial emotional recognition and goal-directed behavior toward emotional cues.ResultsPsilocybin enhanced positive mood and attenuated recognition of negative facial expression. Furthermore, psilocybin increased goal-directed behavior toward positive compared with negative cues, facilitated positive but inhibited negative sequential emotional effects, and valence-dependently attenuated the P300 component. Ketanserin alone had no effects but blocked the psilocybin-induced mood enhancement and decreased recognition of negative facial expression.ConclusionsThis study shows that psilocybin shifts the emotional bias across various psychological domains and that activation of 5-HT2A receptors is central in mood regulation and emotional face recognition in healthy subjects. These findings may not only have implications for the pathophysiology of dysfunctional emotional biases but may also provide a framework to delineate the mechanisms underlying psylocybin's putative antidepressant effects.", "journal": "Biological Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2012-05-09", "publication_year": 2012, "doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.04.005", "pubmed_id": "22578254", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.04.005", "keywords": "Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Ketanserin, Receptors, Serotonin, Hallucinogens, Electroencephalography, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Affect, Goals, Neuropsychological Tests, Evoked Potentials, Adult, Female, Male, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists, Psilocybin, Recognition, Psychology", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"22578254\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W1974074998\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":299,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1607171655\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972426098\",\"https://openalex.org/W1972524714\",\"https://openalex.org/W1979086264\",\"https://openalex.org/W1981740630\",\"https://openalex.org/W1982282806\",\"https://openalex.org/W1990644324\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994271186\",\"https://openalex.org/W1994511912\",\"https://openalex.org/W1997058647\",\"https://openalex.org/W2000571766\",\"https://openalex.org/W2001854690\",\"https://openalex.org/W2002469918\",\"https://openalex.org/W2009122980\",\"https://openalex.org/W2014019620\",\"https://openalex.org/W2019885188\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020444257\",\"https://openalex.org/W2022816995\",\"https://openalex.org/W2026736418\",\"https://openalex.org/W2027680810\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034119223\",\"https://openalex.org/W2034860560\",\"https://openalex.org/W2036575795\",\"https://openalex.org/W2038593489\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039391993\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040285006\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040383829\",\"https://openalex.org/W2040624569\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042298460\",\"https://openalex.org/W2042593075\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043009728\",\"https://openalex.org/W2045618160\",\"https://openalex.org/W2055098509\",\"https://openalex.org/W2060926272\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067512259\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067901581\",\"https://openalex.org/W2068751924\",\"https://openalex.org/W2069947117\",\"https://openalex.org/W2071743179\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073547940\",\"https://openalex.org/W2073805480\",\"https://openalex.org/W2074739635\",\"https://openalex.org/W2075969679\",\"https://openalex.org/W2078806205\",\"https://openalex.org/W2083894864\",\"https://openalex.org/W2091600396\",\"https://openalex.org/W2103296974\",\"https://openalex.org/W2104640717\",\"https://openalex.org/W2105909330\",\"https://openalex.org/W2108384452\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2116650724\",\"https://openalex.org/W2123750279\",\"https://openalex.org/W2127699202\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134822928\",\"https://openalex.org/W2140443081\",\"https://openalex.org/W2141820378\",\"https://openalex.org/W2148905283\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149522089\",\"https://openalex.org/W2149823098\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150407416\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151985832\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153159895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2153590575\",\"https://openalex.org/W2157574960\",\"https://openalex.org/W2158718741\",\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"https://openalex.org/W2163431819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170151899\",\"https://openalex.org/W2170904543\",\"https://openalex.org/W2970485787\",\"https://openalex.org/W3171418018\",\"https://openalex.org/W4211150788\",\"https://openalex.org/W4292994367\",\"https://openalex.org/W4294333904\",\"https://openalex.org/W7074234824\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5021802006\",\"display_name\":\"Michael Kometer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5054234763\",\"display_name\":\"André Schmidt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6055-8397\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5022192518\",\"display_name\":\"Rosilla Bachmann\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5034712307\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Studerus\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4233-0182\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5045362944\",\"display_name\":\"Erich Seifritz\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4426\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5086283052\",\"display_name\":\"Franz X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-6164\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S205482884\",\"source_display_name\":\"Biological Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.04.005\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Mechanism of Action,Receptor Pharmacology,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Clinical Trial", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1974074998" }, { "id": 2605, "title": "Neuroimaging: a scanner, colourfully.", "normalized_title": "neuroimaging a scanner colourfully", "authors": "Roiser JP, Rees G.", "abstract": "Two recent studies report changes in human brain responses after exposure to psilocybin, the active ingredient of hallucinogenic mushrooms. Psilocybin increased sensory cortex responses during emotional recollection, but decreased resting-state blood flow in prefrontal cortex, with potential implications for treating depression.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2012-03-31", "publication_year": 2012, "doi": "10.1016/j.cub.2012.02.033", "pubmed_id": "22497939", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.02.033", "keywords": "Arteries, Brain, Humans, Oxygen, Hallucinogens, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain Mapping, Memory, Psychotherapy, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Adult, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:06", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"22497939\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Aging,Emotional Processing", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2082661311" }, { "id": 2627, "title": "Pilot study of psilocybin treatment for anxiety in patients with advanced-stage cancer.", "normalized_title": "pilot study of psilocybin treatment for anxiety in patients with advanced stage cancer", "authors": "Grob CS, Danforth AL, Chopra GS, Hagerty M, McKay CR, Halberstadt AL, Greer GR.", "abstract": "ContextResearchers conducted extensive investigations of hallucinogens in the 1950s and 1960s. By the early 1970s, however, political and cultural pressures forced the cessation of all projects. This investigation reexamines a potentially promising clinical application of hallucinogens in the treatment of anxiety reactive to advanced-stage cancer.ObjectiveTo explore the safety and efficacy of psilocybin in patients with advanced-stage cancer and reactive anxiety.DesignA double-blind, placebo-controlled study of patients with advanced-stage cancer and anxiety, with subjects acting as their own control, using a moderate dose (0.2 mg/kg) of psilocybin.SettingA clinical research unit within a large public sector academic medical center.ParticipantsTwelve adults with advanced-stage cancer and anxiety.Main outcome measuresIn addition to monitoring safety and subjective experience before and during experimental treatment sessions, follow-up data including results from the Beck Depression Inventory, Profile of Mood States, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were collected unblinded for 6 months after treatment.ResultsSafe physiological and psychological responses were documented during treatment sessions. There were no clinically significant adverse events with psilocybin. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory trait anxiety subscale demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety at 1 and 3 months after treatment. The Beck Depression Inventory revealed an improvement of mood that reached significance at 6 months; the Profile of Mood States identified mood improvement after treatment with psilocybin that approached but did not reach significance.ConclusionsThis study established the feasibility and safety of administering moderate doses of psilocybin to patients with advanced-stage cancer and anxiety. Some of the data revealed a positive trend toward improved mood and anxiety. These results support the need for more research in this long-neglected field.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00302744.", "journal": "Archives of General Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2010-09-05", "publication_year": 2010, "doi": "10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.116", "pubmed_id": "20819978", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.116", "keywords": "Humans, Neoplasms, Hallucinogens, Neoplasm Staging, Treatment Outcome, Follow-Up Studies, Pilot Projects, Double-Blind Method, Affect, Anxiety, Personality Inventory, Time Factors, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"20819978\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2161555895\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1219,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W60718584\",\"https://openalex.org/W173089895\",\"https://openalex.org/W592732404\",\"https://openalex.org/W1569173481\",\"https://openalex.org/W1582590726\",\"https://openalex.org/W1892347931\",\"https://openalex.org/W1966877000\",\"https://openalex.org/W1971680325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2020844317\",\"https://openalex.org/W2043197532\",\"https://openalex.org/W2048509938\",\"https://openalex.org/W2058192111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2067495470\",\"https://openalex.org/W2086963232\",\"https://openalex.org/W2096626991\",\"https://openalex.org/W2097036111\",\"https://openalex.org/W2113099805\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115111325\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115308878\",\"https://openalex.org/W2121441663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2134506226\",\"https://openalex.org/W2151985542\",\"https://openalex.org/W2154105276\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159011576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2166934228\",\"https://openalex.org/W2186557663\",\"https://openalex.org/W2278944819\",\"https://openalex.org/W2396361768\",\"https://openalex.org/W2411260068\",\"https://openalex.org/W2971371418\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5108513619\",\"display_name\":\"Charles S. Grob\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5051293419\",\"display_name\":\"Alicia Danforth\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-046X\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060572631\",\"display_name\":\"Gurpreet S Chopra\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5080877260\",\"display_name\":\"Marycie Hagerty\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5068143057\",\"display_name\":\"Charles R. McKay\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5036162393\",\"display_name\":\"Adam L. Halberstadt\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-5829\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5060037439\",\"display_name\":\"George Greer\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S126359496\",\"source_display_name\":\"Archives of General Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.116\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Aging,Personality Change,Safety,Adverse Events", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2161555895" }, { "id": 2649, "title": "Chemical interactions with pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the cerebral cortex: control of pain and anxiety.", "normalized_title": "chemical interactions with pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the cerebral cortex control of pain and anxiety", "authors": "Adams JD.", "abstract": "Pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the cerebral cortex are involved in learning and memory and have complex connections with other neurons through a very large array of dendrites. These dendrites can switch between long term depression and long term potentiation depending on global summation of various inputs. The plasticity of the input into pyramidal neurons makes the neuronal output variable. Many interneurons in the cerebral cortex and distant neurons in other brain regions are involved in providing input to pyramidal neurons. All of these neurons and interneurons have neurotransmitters that act through receptors to provide input to pyramidal neurons. Serotonin is one of the important neurotransmitters involved with pyramidal neurons and has been implicated in psychosis, psychedelic states and what are called sacred dreams. This review will discuss the various chemicals and receptors that are important with pyramidal neurons including opioids, nicotine, scopolamine, psilocybin, LSD, mescaline, ergot alkaloids, salvinorin A, ergine and other compounds that interact with opioid, nicotinic, muscarinic and serotonergic receptors. The natural compounds provide clues to structure activity relationships with the receptors. It has been postulated that each receptor in the body has a natural agonist and antagonist, in addition to the normal neurotransmitters. It is common for natural antagonists and agonists to be peptides. Various possible peptide structures will be proposed for natural antagonists and agonists at each receptor. Natural antagonists and agonists may provide new ways to explore the functions of pyramidal neurons in normal health and pain management.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "2008-12-31", "publication_year": 2008, "doi": "10.2174/092986709789057626", "pubmed_id": "19799545", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/092986709789057626", "keywords": "Cerebral Cortex, Neurons, Pain, Peptides, Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2, Receptors, Nicotinic, Neurotransmitter Agents, Anxiety", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"19799545\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Chronic Pain,Neuroplasticity,Receptor Pharmacology,Review Article,Drug Interactions", "study_type": "Review Article", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 2691, "title": "Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder after psilocybin consumption: a case study.", "normalized_title": "hallucinogen persisting perception disorder after psilocybin consumption a case study", "authors": "Espiard ML, Lecardeur L, Abadie P, Halbecq I, Dollfus S.", "abstract": "The recurrence of flashbacks without acute or chronic hallucinogen consumption has been recognized in the DSM IV criteria as the hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD). Perceptual disturbances may last for 5 years or more and represent a real psychosocial distress. We reported here a case of a 18-year-old young man presenting HPPD after a mixed intoxication with psylocibin and cannabis. This report shows symptomatic recurrences persisting more than 8 months. Various differential diagnoses were evoked and our therapeutic strategies were described.", "journal": "European Psychiatry", "publication_date": "2005-07-31", "publication_year": 2005, "doi": "10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.04.008", "pubmed_id": "15963699", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.04.008", "keywords": "Humans, Perceptual Disorders, Recurrence, Sertraline, Risperidone, Antipsychotic Agents, Hallucinogens, Antidepressive Agents, Diagnosis, Differential, Marijuana Smoking, Anxiety, Depressive Disorder, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Time Factors, Social Behavior Disorders, Adolescent, Male, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:14", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 07:00:41", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"15963699\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\",\"openalex_enrichment\":{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2106188235\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2106188235\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":6,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":61,\"referenced_works\":[\"https://openalex.org/W1995045083\",\"https://openalex.org/W2039087930\",\"https://openalex.org/W2093328760\",\"https://openalex.org/W2115154626\",\"https://openalex.org/W2150903999\",\"https://openalex.org/W2159011576\",\"https://openalex.org/W2235698645\",\"https://openalex.org/W2325057627\",\"https://openalex.org/W2464973388\",\"https://openalex.org/W2599734864\",\"https://openalex.org/W4285719527\",\"https://openalex.org/W6719156970\",\"https://openalex.org/W6727226187\"],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5052525531\",\"display_name\":\"Marie-Laure Espiard\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5083419896\",\"display_name\":\"Laurent Lecardeur\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2016-9925\"},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5109846169\",\"display_name\":\"Pascale Abadie\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5008214897\",\"display_name\":\"I. Halbecq\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5059240400\",\"display_name\":\"Sonia Dollfus\",\"orcid\":\"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6051-1748\"}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S87202501\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Psychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.04.008\",\"is_oa\":false}}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Addiction,Adolescents", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2106188235" }, { "id": 5422, "title": "P.6.057 Effects of 2A receptor challenge by psilocybin on cognitive performance and neuroendocrine measures in healthy humans: A serotonin model of psychosis", "normalized_title": "p 6 057 effects of 2a receptor challenge by psilocybin on cognitive performance and neuroendocrine measures in healthy humans a serotonin model of psychosis", "authors": "Felix Hasler, Ulrike Grimberg, Martin Benz, F.X. Vollenweider", "abstract": "", "journal": "European Neuropsychopharmacology", "publication_date": "2003-09-30", "publication_year": 2003, "doi": "10.1016/s0924-977x(03)92355-8", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(03)92355-8", "keywords": "rs4680, Oxycodone, Catechol-O-methyl transferase, Opioid, Psychology, Pharmacology, Medicine, Internal medicine, Receptor, Genotype, Chemistry, Gene, Biochemistry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Treatment of Major Depression", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:06", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 06:52:06", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2051778190\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2051778190\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":4,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":1,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5079835073\",\"display_name\":\"Felix Hasler\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5015252123\",\"display_name\":\"Ulrike Grimberg\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5023168598\",\"display_name\":\"Martin Benz\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5063133386\",\"display_name\":\"F.X. Vollenweider\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S168041952\",\"source_display_name\":\"European Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(03)92355-8\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Addiction,Pharmacology,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2051778190" }, { "id": 2815, "title": "Chloroquine psychosis: a chemical psychosis?", "normalized_title": "chloroquine psychosis a chemical psychosis", "authors": "Mohan D, Mohandas E, Rajat R.", "abstract": "Psychotic states are mimicked by the use of many drugs including amphetamines, cannabis, lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, mescaline, isoniazid, and L-dopa. A paranoid psychotic picture in a clear sensorium is characteristic of amphetamine psychosis. In developing countries, malaria among other diseases is a frequent indicator of chloroquine administration. The present communication reports a series of chloroquine-induced psychosis in a clear sensorium simulating affective illness, such as mania, mixed affective states, or depression. The psychosis disappeared after cessation of the drug, combined with or without the use of low dosage phenothiazines in excited patients. From our cases, two types of presentation of chloroquine psychosis could be seen: (1) psychic with clear sensorium, mood changes, alteration in motor activity, delusions, and hallucinations; and (2) psycho-organic with clouded sensorium, disorientation, and fleeting hallucinations. The precise nature of the mechanism of the psychosis is not clear because of the limited number of reported cases.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "1981-10-31", "publication_year": 1981, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "7310924", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/7310924", "keywords": "Humans, Malaria, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Chloroquine, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Male", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:15", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"7310924\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Adolescents", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W48775267" }, { "id": 2819, "title": "Dissociations between the effects of hallucinogenic drugs on behavior and raphe unit activity in freely moving cats.", "normalized_title": "dissociations between the effects of hallucinogenic drugs on behavior and raphe unit activity in freely moving cats", "authors": "Trulson ME, Heym J, Jacobs BL.", "abstract": "The hypothesis that the action of hallucinogenic drugs is mediated by a depression of the activity of brain serotonergic (raphe) neurons was tested by examining the behavioral effects of several hallucinogenic drugs while concurrently monitoring the activity of raphe neurons in freely moving cats. LSD produced a dose-dependent decrease in raphe unit activity and a dose-dependent increase in certain behaviors (e.g. limb flick and abortive groom), and the peak of the behavioral and unit changes were temporally correlated. However, there were three important dissociations between the behavioral and electrophysiological effects of LSD. Firstly, low doses of LSD produced only small decreases in raphe unit activity but significant behavioral changes. Secondly, the duration of LSD-induced behavioral changes significantly outlasted the depression of raphe unit activity. And thirdly, raphe neurons were at least as responsive to LSD during tolerance as they were in the nontolerant condition. Psilocin produced a dose-dependent decrease in raphe unit activity, while the behavioral changes were not dose-related. However, the peak behavioral changes corresponded to the maximal depression of raphe unit activity. The phenylethylamine hallucinogens, DOM and mescaline, both produced large behavioral changes but no overall effect on raphe neurons. Following administration of DOM or mescaline, some raphe units showed a significant increase, while some showed a significant decrease, and others showed no change in activity. Therefore, the phenylethylamine hallucinogens may exert a depressant effect upon a subset of serotonin-containing neurons, and an amphetamine-like excitatory effect upon another subset of these neurons. Consistent with previous studies, all hallucinogens produced a high concentration of slow waves in the cortical EEG. Following administration of LSD or psilocin, the appearance of slow waves in the EEG was often associated with a transitory decrease in unit activity, while this was not observed for the phenylethylamine hallucinogens. The present data, in conjunction with recent data from other laboratories, suggest that the serotonin hypothesis of hallucinogenic drug action should be re-evaluated.", "journal": null, "publication_date": "1981-05-31", "publication_year": 1981, "doi": "10.1016/0006-8993(81)90507-2", "pubmed_id": "6114779", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(81)90507-2", "keywords": "Brain Stem, Raphe Nuclei, Neurons, Animals, Cats, Amphetamines, Mescaline, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Behavior, Animal, Electric Conductivity, Kinetics, Female, Psilocybin, DOM2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine", "substance_tags": "psilocybin,psilocin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:15", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"6114779\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Brain Imaging,Receptor Pharmacology", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": null }, { "id": 5554, "title": "Psilocybin-induced Autonomic, Perceptual, and Behavioral Change", "normalized_title": "psilocybin induced autonomic perceptual and behavioral change", "authors": "R Fischer, Diana Warshay", "abstract": "Autonomic, perceptual, and behavioral changes induced by 160 µg/kg psilocybin were studied in a homogenous sample of 15 self-selected College educated male and female volunteers. The subjects were rank ordered as to the extent of drug-induced psychopathology using their Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory pre-drug to drug peak differences scores. Extent of variability on simple perceptual tasks - in gustation and vision - is significantly related to extent of drug-induced psychopathology, whereas drug-induced pupil-size increase - a reliable autonomic variable - is unrelated to drug-induced psychopathology, which, in our terminology, is equated with a subject's symbolic interpretation of his own central nervous System activity. Zusammenfassung Nach Psilocybin kommt es zu Veränderungen der vegetativen Funktionen, der Wahrnehmungsfunktionen sowie zu psychopathologischen Auffälligkeiten. Bei 15 männlichen und weiblichen Freiwilligen (Studenten) wurden die Wirkungen von 116 µg/kg Psilocybin (oral) untersucht. Die Intensität der psychopathologischen Veränderungen wurde für jede Versuchsperson dadurch charakterisiert, daß aus Befunden mit dem Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) vor und nach Psilocybin-Applikation ein Differenzwert gebildet wurde. Nach der Größe der Differenzwerte wurde für die Versuchsperson eine Reaktivitäts-Rangreihe aufgestellt. Unabhängig davon wurde außerdem in Versuchen ohne Psilocybin die individuelle Reagibilität der einzelnen Versuchspersonen bestimmt. Das geschah durch die Bestimmung der Retest-Variabilität in Versuchsanordnungen, die Leistungen der visuellen Wahrnehmung und der Geschmacks Wahrnehmung erfassen. Die Größe der Retest-Variabilität korreliert signifikant mit der Intensität der durch Psilocybin hervorgerufenen psychopathologischen Veränderungen. Als Indikator für die Reagibilität des vegetativen Systems wurde schließlich noch die durch Psilocybin hervorgerufene Pupillenerweiterung registriert. Zwischen dieser, den Funktionszustand des vegetativen Systems zuverlässig charakterisierenden Größe und der Intensität der vom Psilocybin hervorgerufenen psychischen Veränderungen bestehen keine Beziehungen. In unserer Terminologie stellt das Ausmaß der psychopathologischen Veränderungen durch Psilocybin das Symbol für die interpretierende Aktivität des zentralen Nervensystems dar.", "journal": "Pharmacopsychiatry", "publication_date": "1968-10-31", "publication_year": 1968, "doi": "10.1055/s-0028-1094227", "pubmed_id": null, "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1094227", "keywords": "Psilocybin, Psychology, Perception, Neuroscience, Hallucinogen, Cognitive psychology, Medicine, Psychiatry, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "OpenAlex", "date_added": "2026-07-04 06:52:09", "last_checked": "2026-07-04 06:52:09", "raw_json": "{\"openalex_id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2047529423\",\"openalex_url\":\"https://openalex.org/W2047529423\",\"openalex_relevance_score\":9,\"openalex_relevance_reasons\":[\"title:psilocybin\",\"abstract:psilocybin\",\"metadata:psilocybin\"],\"openalex_type\":\"article\",\"openalex_work_type\":null,\"cited_by_count\":11,\"referenced_works\":[],\"authorships\":[{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5030542283\",\"display_name\":\"R Fischer\",\"orcid\":null},{\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/A5033436520\",\"display_name\":\"Diana Warshay\",\"orcid\":null}],\"primary_location\":{\"source_id\":\"https://openalex.org/S4122505\",\"source_display_name\":\"Pharmacopsychiatry\",\"landing_page_url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1094227\",\"is_oa\":false}}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Anxiety,Receptor Pharmacology,Personality Change", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2047529423" }, { "id": 2914, "title": "[CLINICAL AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PSILOCYBIN].", "normalized_title": "clinical and psychopathological study of psilocybin", "authors": "REDA GC, VELLA G, CANCRINI L, D AGOSTINO E.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "1964-02-29", "publication_year": 1964, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "14144273", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/14144273", "keywords": "Salivary Glands, Hearing Disorders, Movement Disorders, Hallucinations, Asthenia, Nausea, Indoles, Hallucinogens, Electroencephalography, Depression, Mental Processes, Consciousness, Visual Perception, Mental Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Psychopathology, Pharmacology, Toxicology, Sweating, Blood Pressure, Vestibule, Labyrinth, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:15", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"14144273\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression,Pharmacology,Consciousness,Personality Change,Toxicity", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2419461447" }, { "id": 2953, "title": "[Clinical experiences with psilocybin (CY39 Sandoz)].", "normalized_title": "clinical experiences with psilocybin cy39 sandoz", "authors": "SERCL M, KOVARIK J, JAROS O.", "abstract": "", "journal": null, "publication_date": "1960-12-31", "publication_year": 1960, "doi": null, "pubmed_id": "13910754", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/13910754", "keywords": "Indoles, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Neurotic Disorders, Psilocybin", "substance_tags": "psilocybin", "source_name": "Europe PMC", "date_added": "2026-07-01 06:54:15", "last_checked": "2026-07-01 11:22:07", "raw_json": "{\"europe_pmc_id\":\"13910754\",\"source\":\"MED\",\"pub_type\":null,\"publisher\":null,\"importer\":\"Europe PMC\"}", "topic_tags": "Depression", "study_type": "Other", "hidden": 0, "false_positive": 0, "curation_notes": null, "merged_into_id": null, "curation_locked": 0, "publication_status": "published", "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2438505389" } ] }