Study on the biological characteristics and cultivation of panaeolus bisporus

The Panaeolus bisporus(Malen con & Bertault) Ew.Gerhardt is a toadstool species in the world,as poisonous as it contains small quantities of the psilocybin group of hallucinogens,mycelium is white with obvious clamp-connection,which belongs to Basidiomycota,Agaricales,Bolbitiaceae.The suitable and optimal carbon sources,nitrogen sources,carbon nitrogen ratio,pH worth,temperature,material water ratio of the plant material for the physiological characteristics of mycelium growth of this species were studied.The experiment showed that the optimum carbon sources were starch, sucrose and cellulose, the optimum nitrogen sources was yeast paste, potassium nitrate, maize powder and ammonium nitric, the carbon nitrogen ratio was 25:1--35:1 that for the mycelium growth. The suitable temperature for the mycelium of this fungi growth was ranged from 5℃--35℃ with the optimum temperature being 25℃--30℃, the suitable pH was ranged from 4--13 with the optimum pH being 6.5--8.0, and the suitable moisture content of the compost was ranged from 45%--75% with the optimum moisture content of the compost being 65%--70%; and that While the temperature for its fruit-body formation was 18℃--28℃ with the optimum temperature being 20℃--25℃, and the optimum relative air humidity for its fruit-body formation was 70%--85%. The yield of the fruit-body was 0.1%--0.3%.