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Unequal representation? A cross-sectional analysis of age, sex, race, and ethnicity in clinical trials of classic psychedelics.
BackgroundAlthough classic psychedelic trials show therapeutic potential, the limited diversity of participants raises concerns about generalizability and safety.AimsThis study assesses the representation of race, ethnicity, and sex in interventional clinical trials of psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to evaluate disparities in participant div...
A systematic review and narrative summary of the therapeutic potential of classic serotonergic psychedelics for smoking cessation and reduction.
BackgroundClassic serotonergic psychedelics are 5-HT2A partial agonists that induce non-ordinary states of consciousness. Many have demonstrated anti-addictive properties; however, their impact on smoking behaviors remains under-researched. This review provides a synthesis of the therapeutic potential of these compounds in promoting smoking cessation and red...
Exploring the Frontiers of Psychedelics: A New Chromatographic Method for Detection and Quantification of Psilocybin and Psilocin in Psilocybe cubensis Mushrooms.
Innovative therapies, such as psilocybin-assisted psychotherapies, hold great promises for treating anxiety, depression, and various other mental health disorders, addressing some of the challenges faced by conventional psychiatric medicine. This study focuses on developing and validating an HPLC-DAD methodology for detecting psilocybin and psilocin in extra...
Psychedelics for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Narrative Review with Candidate Mechanisms of Action.
Psychedelics have been studied since the 1950s as a potential treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), with over a dozen clinical trials of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and several contemporary trials of psilocybin and ayahuasca for this indication. Herein, we characterize foundational studies from the 1950s to the present, with emphasis on key design ...
Treatment with LSD and psilocybin at the department of psychiatry at Frederiksberg Hospital in Denmark from 1960 to 1973: an analysis of 324 cases.
BackgroundRecent studies have suggested that psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin might benefit patients with mental illness. This revival calls for revisiting the field's past experiences with these agents. From 1960 to 1973, many patients were treated with LSD and/or psilocybin at the Department of Psychiatry at Frederiksber...
Acute effects of psilocybin on the dynamics of gaze fixations during visual aesthetic perception.
Serotonergic psychedelics are remarkable for their capacity to induce variable yet reproducible modifications to human consciousness. The acute effects of these compounds include perceptual alterations, predominantly in the visual domain, yet these alterations have been mostly documented only by subjective reports. We used eye-tracking to quantify the effect...
Clinical Psychedelic Therapy Research Involving Adolescents: Protocol for a Scoping Review of Intervention Studies
Background: Recent years have seen renewed clinical interest in the therapeutic potential of classical psychedelics, such as psilocybin, LSD, DMT, and mescaline. While modern studies have focused on adult populations, adolescents under 18 are routinely excluded due to regulatory, legal, and ethical challenges. Although there exists observational data and his...
Psilocybin treatment extends cellular lifespan and improves survival of aged mice.
Psilocybin, the naturally occurring psychedelic compound produced by hallucinogenic mushrooms, has received attention due to considerable clinical evidence for its therapeutic potential to treat various psychiatric and neurodegenerative indications. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain enigmatic, and few studies have explored its systemic impa...
The Medial Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Psychedelic-like Effects of Psilocin.
Recent advancements in the study of psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin have highlighted their unique psychedelic properties and potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the rapid and sustained treatment of depression. However, the potent acute psychedelic effects of psilocybin necessitate a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms ...
Unraveling the policies, legislations, and regulations of psychedelics in Australia, Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, and India.
BackgroundResearch into psychedelics has gained renewed interest due to their potential to address psychiatric, neurological, and other peripheral conditions. These substances offer long-term therapeutic benefits, contrasting with the side effects and limitations of current psychiatric medicines.ObjectiveThis study examines the legislations and regulatory fr...
Meditation and psychedelics facilitate similar types of mystical, psychological, and philosophical-existential insights predictive of wellbeing: a qualitative-quantitative approach.
Both psychedelic substances and meditation have been proposed to facilitate personally meaningful and transformative experiences, with insights playing a central role. However, previous research has mainly relied on questionnaires, limiting the range of insights that can be identified. In this study, we recruited participants who provided narrative reports o...
The therapeutic potential of psilocybin beyond psychedelia through shared mechanisms with ketamine.
Major depressive disorder is a debilitating condition, with many patients unresponsive to conventional monoaminergic antidepressants. Rapid-acting antidepressants such as ketamine and psilocybin offer promising alternatives, relieving symptoms within hours. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, and psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic primarily targeting ...
Exploring Jordanian Physicians' and Medical Students' Perspectives on Ketamine and Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies: An Insight from the Middle East.
Psychedelic-assisted therapies and ketamine are two modalities gaining attention in psychiatry for treating conditions such as depression, PTSD, and substance use disorders. However, perceptions of these treatments vary globally. This study explores the familiarity, attitudes, and perceptions of Jordanian physicians and medical students toward psychedelic su...
Effects of Psilocin and Psilocybin on Human 5-HT4 Serotonin and H2 Histamine Receptors in Perfused Hearts of Transgenic Mice.
Background/Objectives: Hallucinogenic substances such as psilocybin, psilocin, ergometrine, ergotamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have been demonstrated to enhance the force of contraction (FOC), in part due to the phosphorylation of phospholamban in human atrial preparations via 5-HT4 serotonin receptors and/or H2 histamine receptors. However, wh...
Behavioural and pharmacological evaluation of the psilocybin analogue baeocystin in Wistar rats.
Baeocystin is a naturally occurring tryptamine-based compound found in various psychoactive mushrooms, including in several species of Psilocybe genus. Due to its structural similarity to psilocybin, which has shown a therapeutic potential in treatment of psychiatric disorders, there is a growing interest in investigating whether baeocystin exhibits comparab...
Is There More to Magic Mushrooms than Psilocybin?
Some scientists think that including secondary compounds from psychedelic mushrooms can make for better drugs. With scarce data, others remain skeptical.
Development and validation of an analytical method for the determination of select 4-position ring-substituted tryptamines in plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
4-Phosporyloxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine (psilocybin) is a psychedelic tryptamine found in certain mushroom species that has shown efficacy in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. In conjunction with the renewed interest in therapeutic effects of psychedelics, there has been an increase in psilocybin-like designer tryptamines appearing in non-medica...
4-HIAA Blocks Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference in Mice Through Modulation of the 5-HT Pathway in the Nucleus Accumbens.
4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (4-HIAA) is a metabolite of psilocin. Here, we explored the ability of 4-HIAA to cross the blood-brain barrier and its potential effects on methamphetamine (METH)-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice. Treatment with 1-mg/kg 4-HIAA inhibited CPP formation during the acquisition phase, promoted METH extinction and in...