Standards are useful in the development of medicine because they enable communication and consistency in experimentation. Standards, however, often require expensive tools like laboratories and clinical trials. How, then, might citizen scientists develop standards given the difficulty of obtaining these tools? This article provides one answer, by describing ...
During the last two decades, psychedelic-assisted therapy has emerged as one of the most promising novel treatments for depression, anxiety, PTSD, and substance use disorders. These medicines have also been used in sacred, ritual settings for, in some cases, centuries. Often referred to as entheogens (meaning “creating the divine within”), psychedelic plant ...
Our hominin ancestors inevitably encountered and likely ingested psychedelic mushrooms throughout their evolutionary history. This assertion is supported by current understanding of: early hominins' paleodiet and paleoecology; primate phylogeny of mycophagical and self-medicative behaviors; and the biogeography of psilocybin-containing fungi. These lines of ...
Potent psychedelic drugs such as LSD and psilocybin are implicated in a multitude of cognitive and perceptual alterations. Through the mediation of serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors, distortion of the self is a common effect of these drugs. The self is usually referred to as an entity comprising physical and psychological attributes that are coherent within our s...
Serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), or dimethyltryptamine (DMT), as well as psychoactive drugs that trigger phenomenologically- related experiences like 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and ketamine, belong to the most promising treatment approaches in contemporary psychiatry. Psychedelic-assisted psychothe...
Psychedelic therapies intentionally combine a caring/healing environment, psychotherapy, and psychedelic medicine as a powerful means of treating intractable conditions of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. This article utilizes the nursing theory of human caring science, as articulated by Jean Watson, to describe the essential and fundamental hum...
The solid-state structures of the salts of three psilacetin derivatives, namely, 4-acet-oxy-N-eth-yl-N-methyl-tryptammonium (4-AcO-MET) hydro-fumarate {sys-tematic name: [2-(4-acet-yloxy-1H-indol-3-yl)eth-yl](meth-yl)ethyl-aza-nium 3-carb-oxy-prop-2-enoate}, C15H21N2O2 +·C4H3O4 -, 4-acet-oxy-N-allyl-N-methyl-tryptammonium (4-AcO-MALT) hydro-fumarate {systema...
ABSTRACT Over the last three decades, the renaissance of interdisciplinary research into psychedelic drugs has challenged the Cartesian notions of subjectivity and identity that have endured throughout modernity. But as work in this field reaches new degrees of complexity, the limitations of verbal and textual language are presenting barriers to conventional...
Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic compound that may have efficacy for the treatment of mood and substance use disorders. Acute psilocybin effects include reduced negative mood, increased positive mood, and reduced amygdala response to negative affective stimuli. However, no study has investigated the long-term, enduring impact of psilocybin on negative aff...
The solid-state structures of the salts of two substituted tryptamines, namely N -isopropyl- N -methyltryptaminium (MiPT) fumarate {systematic name: [2-(1 H -indol-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)propan-2-ylazanium 3-carboxyprop-2-enoate}, C14 H21 N2 + ·C4 H3 O4 −, and 4-hydroxy- N -isopropyl- N -methyltryptaminium (4-HO-MiPT) fumarate monohydrate {systematic name: [2-(4...
The title compound (systematic name: bis{2-[4-(acetyloxy)-1 H -indol-3-yl]ethan-1-aminium} but-2-enedioate), 2C 14 H19 N2 O2 + ·C4 H2 O4 2−, has a single protonated psilacetin cation and one half of a fumarate dianion in the asymmetric unit. There are N-H...O hydrogen bonds between the ammonium H atoms and the fumarate O atoms, as well as N-H...O hydrogen bo...
Naturally occurring and psychedelic drug-occasioned experiences interpreted as personal encounters with God are well described but have not been systematically compared. In this study, five groups of individuals participated in an online survey with detailed questions characterizing the subjective phenomena, interpretation, and persisting changes attributed ...
The use of classical psychedelics in a therapy setting can have a positive impact on many different psychiatric disorders such as mood disorders, anxiety, addiction, and overall spiritual wellbeing (Carhart-Harris et al., 2017). However, medicinal psychedelics have been stigmatized and removed as an option of treatment, just as medical cannabis once was. If ...
in this time of ever ascendant materialism, greed, and pathological narcissism, when the delusion of the disconnected dominant individual grows stronger, the contrary life-affirming stream of connection and respect is gaining strength even as it is suppressed, vilified, and criminalized. This stream, which we can call ‘awakening consciousness,’ is the motor ...
Ego-disturbances have been a topic in schizophrenia research since the earliest clinical descriptions of the disorder. Manifesting as a feeling that one's "self," "ego," or "I" is disintegrating or that the border between one's self and the external world is dissolving, "ego-disintegration" or "dissolution" is also an important feature of the psychedelic exp...
Psilocybin adalah jenis NAPZA golongan psikotropika, bersifat halusinogenik dan terdapat pada spesies jamur-jamuran. Nama lain yang sering digunakan adalah magic mushroomdan tai kebo. Saat ini halusinogen berada di posisi ketiga zat yang paling banyak disalahgunakan, dengan peningkatan angka penggunaan dari Psilocybin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kar...
Several experiments show that there is a cell to cell communicaton by light in different cell types. The most convincing experiment shows that baby hamster kidney cells can communicate their spatial orientation through a glass film, this can only happen by photon signals. If so, it can be assumed that the cells with the highest differentiation, the neurons a...
