[Psychedelics in the treatment of PTSD].

BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often a chronic condition, despite the availability of various evidence-based treatment options. Psychedelics offer new treatment opportunities. AIM: An overview of the current evidence, therapeutic context, and possible mechanisms of action of different types of psychedelics in the treatment of PTSD. METHO...

[Psychedelics for existential distress in terminally ill patients].

BACKGROUND: Existential distress in patients with a terminal illness is often associated with (symptoms of) anxiety and depression. Psychotherapeutic interventions seem effective but effects are short-lived. There are no proven effective pharmacological interventions. AIM: To present an overview of literature on psychedelic treatment of existential distress ...

[Microdosing with psychedelics: what do we know?]

BACKGROUND: The repeated use of small doses of psychedelics such as psilocybin and lsd over a period of time (microdosing, md) has gained popularity and scientific attention in recent years. Retrospective reports from users suggest clinical potential. AIM: To answer the question whether md with psychedelics could theoretically provide symptom relief for peop...

Management of Treatment-Resistant Depression: Challenges and Strategies

Daphne Voineskos, 1, 2 Zafiris J Daskalakis, 1, 2 Daniel M Blumberger 1, 2 1Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaCorrespondence: Daniel M BlumbergerCentre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen Street West, Unit 4-1, Toronto, Ontario M6J1H4, CanadaTel ...

New psychoactive substances and the risks of consumption in children and adolescents

According to the definition established by the European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) a "new psychoactive substance is considered any narcotic or psychotropic substance in pure form or in preparations, which is not controlled by the Conventions regarding drugs of the United Nations and which represent a threat to human health compar...

Hallucinogenic Mushrooms

The group of hallucinogenic mushrooms (species of the genera Conocybe, Gymnopilus, Panaeolus, Pluteus, Psilocybe, and Stropharia) is psilocybin-containing mushrooms. These "magic", psychoactive fungi have the serotonergic hallucinogen psilocybin. Toxicity of these mushrooms is substantial because of the popularity of hallucinogens. Psilocybin and its active ...

Structure Based Drug Design towards Exploring Potential Anti-Psychotic and Anti-Depressant Activity of Possible Stiff Base of Psilocybin

One among four people in the world are affected by mental or neurological illness at some point of their lives. An estimated number of 450 million people suffers from neurological disorders of one or the other type making mental disorders as the leading cause for disability across the globe. Under psychosis and depression maintenance therapy drug acting on D...

Decreased directed functional connectivity in the psychedelic state

Neuroimaging studies of the psychedelic state offer a unique window onto the neural basis of conscious perception and selfhood. Despite well understood pharmacological mechanisms of action, the large-scale changes in neural dynamics induced by psychedelic compounds remain poorly understood. Using source-localised, steady-state MEG recordings, we describe cha...

The use of the psychological flexibility model to support psychedelic assisted therapy

S-Adenosyl-l-Methionine Salvage Impacts Psilocybin Formation in “Magic” Mushrooms

Psychotropic Psilocybe mushrooms biosynthesize their principal natural product psilocybin in five steps, among them a phosphotransfer and two methyltransfer reactions, which consume one equivalent of 5'-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and two equivalents of S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM). This short but co-substrate-intensive pathway requires nucleoside cofactor...

Forensic and pharmaceutical analysis of addictive morbidity because of the use of psychotropic psychoactive substances in Ukraine (retrospective aspect)

Introduction.The use of psychoactive substances is one of the leading factors in the deterioration of the mental health of the population. The dynamics of addictive morbidity in recent years is closely correlated with each other, as well as with other manifestations of social problems: the general mortality of the population; the number of suicides; the numb...

P.228 The polypharmacological profile of psilocybin and potential behavioural effects of very low doses

P.188 Long-term effects of psilocybin on cerebral serotonin 2A receptor levels and personality

P.609 Therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelic drugs: Changes in amygdala and prefrontal functional connectivity during emotional processing after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression

P.839 Modelling the acute temporal dynamics of psilocybin psychoactive effects; relation to brain serotonin 2a receptor levels

Twenty percent better with 20 micrograms? A qualitative study of psychedelic microdosing self-rapports and discussions on YouTube

BACKGROUND: Psychedelic microdosing is the trending practice of using tiny repeated doses of psychedelic substances to facilitate a range of supposed benefits. With only a few published studies to date, the subject is still under-researched, and more knowledge is warranted. Social media and internet discussion forums have played a vital role in the growing v...

The Biochemistry, Toxicology, and Uses of the Pharmacologically Active Phytochemicals: Alkaloids, Terpenes, Polyphenols, and Glycosides

The research focused on the biochemistry and the medicinal uses of alkaloids, terpenes,polyphenols, and glycosides. Several parts of plants such as bark, root, leaf, stem, etc. are being used torevert abnormalities back to normal, prevent illnesses, or allay symptoms. These plant parts containbioactive compounds such as terpenes, glycosides, polyphenols, and...

Microdosing psychedelics: Motivations, subjective effects and harm reduction

Psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression: How do we advance the field?

In the quest for new treatment options for depression, attention is being paid to the potential role of psychedelic drugs. Psilocybin is of particular interest given its mechanism of action, its benefits in early trials and its relatively low side effects burden. This viewpoint outlines a number of key issues that remain to be elucidated about its potential ...

Pharmacological and biotransformation studies of 1-acyl-substituted derivatives of -lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)