Safety and Efficacy of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Patients Who Use Psychoactive Substances: Potential Drug Interactions and Substance Use Disorder Treatment Data.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) remain an important option for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and other psychiatric conditions, despite potentially serious drug-drug interactions and associated dietary tyramine restrictions. However, they are rarely prescribed in patients with comorbid substance use disorders (SUDs) due to concerns a...

Bridging the reporting gap: Application of the ReSPCT guidelines in psilocybin clinical trial protocols.

Psilocybin-assisted therapies are increasingly studied for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD), and methodological rigor requires both pharmacological evaluation and consistent reporting of non-pharmacological variables that influence therapeutic outcomes. To address this need, the ReSPCT (Reporting of Setting in Psychede...

Contextualizing Violence Risk Associated With Hallucinogens.

Psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) have remerged as agents of psychiatric and cultural relevance. However, public discourse has outpaced empirical understanding of their effects. Although hallucinogens have demonstrated a potential to treat certain mental disorders, their effect on aggression and violen...

The Psychological Support Model in Psilocybin Research: Psychotherapy in Disguise?

Chemical Design and Pharmacokinetics Enable Precision Psychedelic Therapeutics.

Recent psychedelic patent activity highlights a strategic shift from experiential framing toward chemically and pharmacokinetically precise neurotherapeutics. Four recent patent applications collectively span solid-state control of psilocybin, exposure-shaped intramuscular and infusion-based dosing, and chemically diversified monoaminergic scaffolds with def...

Self-administered complementary and alternative methods of treating mental disorders among students in Wrocław: a cross-sectional study.

IntroductionMental health disorders such as depression are a rising issue among university students. Some of them use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as self-administered therapy instead of or together with professional care. Defining the scale of the problem, its underlying reasons and possible implications are crucial for addressing it in clin...

Psilocin fosters neuroplasticity in iPSC-derived human cortical neurons

Abstract Psilocybin is studied as innovative medication in anxiety, substance abuse and treatment-resistant depression. Animal studies show that psychedelics promote neuronal plasticity by strengthening synaptic responses and protein synthesis. However, the exact molecular and cellular changes induced by psilocybin in the human brain are not known. Here, we ...

Presence of 4-Hydroxy-N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine in Commercially Available Products.

Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) remain an ongoing challenge for public health, forensic laboratories, and regulatory agencies, especially when they are chemically related to controlled tryptamines but are marketed as legal alternatives. In the United States, the Federal Analogue Act (FAA) was intended to restrict such substances; however, regulatory loop...

Psychedelic Modulation of Excitation/Inhibition Balance: A Dual-Phase Neurodevelopmental Model.

Psychedelics are a diverse class of psychoactive compounds that profoundly alter perception, cognition, and emotional states. Recently, classical serotonergic agents, such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), along with atypical agents such as methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) and ibogaine, have attracted renewed attention due to t...

An exploration of the relationships between the effects of psilocybin on behavior, 5-HT2A receptor occupancy, and neuroplastic effects in mice.

BackgroundPsilocybin has shown rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder, yet the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these outcomes remain unclear.AimsThis study aimed to bridge clinical and preclinical findings by investigating the relationships between 5-HT2A receptor occupancy (RO) achieved after administrati...

Associations of Couples' Psychedelic Use with Shared Reality and Relational Well-Being.

The resurgence in research with classic psychedelics (e.g. LSD, psilocybin) underscores their potential for improved well-being; however, the interpersonal context and mechanisms of psychedelic impacts remain unknown. In a sample of 798 participants (81 couples), this survey study tested whether use of a psychedelic with a romantic partner (v. not together) ...

Psychoactive mushroom edibles: trends and toxicities reported to the United States National Poison Data System®, 2023-2024.

IntroductionPsychoactive mushroom edibles are gaining popularity, yet little is known of their clinical effects. These unregulated products are widely available, often with unlisted ingredients and inconsistent formulations, underscoring the need for more research to address public health concerns. We aimed to investigate recent trends in demographics and cl...

The effect of psilocin on neurotransmitters release in the claustrum and on rat behavior.

BACKGROUND: The claustrum, a subcortical structure densely expressing 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 A (5-HT2A) receptors, has been implicated in sensory integration, emotional regulation, salience, and attention. Despite its hypothesized involvement in the effects of serotonergic psychedelics, the neurochemical impact of these substances on claustral neurotransmissi...

Psilocybin and Bipolar Depression: Promise and Prudence.

Bipolar disorder affects approximately 40 million individuals worldwide, with depression being the most prominent phase of the illness. Owing to limited treatment options, bipolar depression remains a major public health concern, often causing significant functional impairment and increased suicide risk. Current therapies frequently lack rapid effectiveness,...

An open-label pilot study of psilocybin-assisted therapy for binge eating disorder.

Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder and is associated with psychiatric comorbidities, health impairments, and decreased quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that psilocybin-assisted therapy may promote cognitive and emotional flexibility and disrupt maladaptive behavioral patterns, making it a promising candidate for BED ...

Daily Administration of Psilocin Mucate (L-130) Produces a Favorable Safety Profile and Anxiolytic Effects in Rodents Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress.

Anxiety disorders are chronic health conditions affecting the quality of life of millions of people. Psilocin, the active moiety of psilocybin, provides an anxiolytic effect; however, when orally administered as psilocybin, it only offers a moderate level of bioavailability and less predictable pharmacokinetics, potentially making effects after absorption va...

The effects of psilocybin on psychological distress in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IntroductionPsilocybin may effectively treat psychological distress in cancer patients. A meta-analysis assessed its safety and effectiveness in this context.MethodsA comprehensive search across six databases (Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL Complete, and Web of Science) was conducted to identify studies on psilocybin's effects on mental health in...

Reported Safety Practices of Publicly Advertised Psychedelic Retreats.

ImportanceThe availability of psychedelic retreats has grown to meet the demand for access to these substances. Despite centuries of use among Indigenous communities, psychedelics can pose serious risks for some users.ObjectiveTo determine safety precautions that retreat organizations that offer psychedelic substances currently use.Design, setting, and parti...

Psychological Therapy Quantity and Depressive Symptom Reduction in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ImportancePsychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is a novel intervention for depressive symptoms, typically delivered with additional psychological therapy sessions. Quantitative evidence on how this concomitant therapy contributes to treatment outcomes is limited, highlighting the need for a systematic synthesis.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the quantity of psyc...

Snapshot IP1 Detection Following 5-HT2A Receptor Stimulation in the Mouse Brain.

The distinct subjective effects that define psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, or 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) as drug class are causally linked to the activation of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR). However, some aspects of 5-HT2AR pharmacology remain elusive, such as what molecular drivers different...